Skip to main content

Full text of "Mining and Scientific Press (Jan.-June 1895)"

See other formats 


tfH 


1 


«-       '  C? 


99299 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


\i>l.l  ME    I. XX. 
NtlliiluT   1. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  5,  1895. 


That  Armor  Plate. 


Regarding  the  armor  plate  for  the  battle  ship  Ore- 
gon, referred  to  editorially  in  last  week's  issue,  it 
may  be  further  stated  that  the  Government  test  was 
made  on  the  15th  ult.,  at  the  Indian  Head  proving 
grounds.  The  plate  was  a  seventeen-inch  Harvey- 
ized  nickel-steel  plate,  representing  the  forward 
thirteen-inch  barbette  of  the  Oregon.  Members  of 
the  Naval  Committee  of  the  Senate  and  naval  officers 
interested  in  ordnance  matters  witnessed  the  trial. 
The  plate,  which  is  one  of  thirteen  forming  a  cylin- 
der about  the  base  of  the  Oregon's  heavy  turret,  was 
not  selected  until  the  final  treatment  of  all  the  plates 
it  represented. 

It  is  regarded  by  the  Inspector  of  Ordnance,  Com- 
mander Courtis,  as  the  weakest  one 
of  the  lot.  It  is  twelve  feet  one 
inch  long  and  eight  feet  four  inches 
wide,  and  it  weighs  thirty  tons.  It 
was  cast  and  forged  previous  to  the 
test  of  the  last  heavy  plate  from 
Homestead,  which  was  pronounced 
too  soft,  letting  a  Wheeler-Sterling 
projectile  through  it  on  the  high 
velocity  .shot.  The  plate  tested  had 
been  hardened  more  than  the  other 
and  was  regarded  as  being  a  typi- 
cal Harvey  plate.  Owing  to  re- 
peated assertions  that  the  Wheeler- 
Sterling  projectiles  were  better 
than  other  American  projectiles,  it 
was  decided  to  test  this  plate  with 
Wheeler-Sterling  projectiles. 

The  first  or  cracking  shot,  an 
850-pound,  twelve-inch  shell;  was 
aimed  at  a  point  five  feet  from  the 
left  end  hear  the  top,  and  on  the 
edge  of  a  soft  strip  intended  for  the 
purpose  of  securing  the  plate  to  the 
ship's  deck.  The  charge  was  278.30 
pounds  of  powder;  the  velocity  1410 
foot  seconds,  and  the  energy  11,729 
foot  tons.  The  projectile  pene- 
trated fifteen  inches  and  rebounded 
unbroken,  shortened  one-tenth  of  an  inch  and  ex- 
panded in  diameter  eight  one-hundredths  of  an  inch. 
It  spun  violently  on  the  ground,  doubling  up  a  heavy 
steel  rail  against  which  it  happened  to  strike.  The 
plate  showed  a  crack  extending  from  the  right  or 
ingot  top  end  of  the  plate  to  the  impact  through  the 
plate.  This  crack  had  apparently  started  at  the 
edge  of  the  plate  and  run  toward  the  impact,  as  it 
was  fully  half  an  inch  wide  at  the  former  point  and 
hardly  open  at  the  latter.  The  shot  hole  was-  also 
surrounded  by  a  slight  bulge  in  which  were  a  number 
of  radial  cracks.  This  bulge,  which  was  half  an  inch 
high  and  about  thirty  inches  in  diameter,  indicated 
that  the  plate  was  somewhat  softer  than  was  desir- 
able. It  is  to  this  reason  that  the  penetration  of 
fifteen  inches  can  be  ascribed. 

The  shot  to  determine  the  plate's  resistance  to 
perforation  was  also  a  Wheeler-Sterling  850-pound 
twelve-inch  projectile.  The  charge  was  420  pounds 
of  powder,  the  velocity  1858  foot  seconds  and  the  en- 
ergy 20,370  foot  tons.  This  shot  was  aimed  at  a 
point  about  four  feet  from  the  top  end  of  the  ingot, 
thirty  inches  from  the  edge  and  twenty-four  inches 
from  the  crack.  The  shell,  after  penetrating  about 
ten  inches,  was  shattered  into  minute  fragments 
which  rained  down  upon  the    proving  ground  for 


nearly  a  minute  after  it  struck.  The  plate  cracked 
from  each  impact  to  the  upper  edge,  and  the  longi- 
tudinal crack  was  slightly  widened.  No  bolts  were 
broken  or  driven  out,  but  the  entire  target  was  set 
back  several  inches,  crushing  some  of  the  oak  sup- 
ports. 

A  rigid  interpretation  of  the  armor  specifications 
would  require  the  rejection  of  this  plate  and  neces- 
sitate the  successful  trial  of  another  plate  before  the 
$275,000  worth  of  armor  could  be  accepted. 


TnE  suspension  of  assessments  was  generally 
hailed  as  a  satisfactory  relief  measure  in  '93;  there 
was  considerable  difference  of  opinion  as  to  its  prac- 
tical good  in  '94,  and  now  comes  up  the  question  of 
the  repetition  of  such  congressional   action  for  this 


THREE   DOLLARS   PJSR  ANNUM. 
Smelt'  Copies,  Ten  Cent*. 


A  Wire  Ropeway. 


The  Vulcan  Iron  Works  have  erected  one  of  their 
Wire  Ropeways  for  the  English  Mountain  mine, 
Nevada  Co.,  Cal.,  to  be  used  for  transporting  gold 
ore  from  the  mine,  situated  on  the  side  of  a  steep 
mountain,  to  a  twenty-stamp  mill  below  on  the  flat, 
a  distance  of  2800  feet,  air  line,  with  an  elevation  of 
600  feet.  The  nominal  capacity  of  this  line  is  100 
tons  in  ten  hours. 

This  line,  a  partial  illustration  of  which  herewith 
appears,  is  not  as  remarkable  as  some  other  lines 
erected  by  the  Vulcan  Iron  Works  for  length,  high 
fall,  long  spans,  etc.,  but  is  especially  important  in 
the  fact  that,  were  it  not  for  this  mode  of  transpor- 
tation, it  would  be  practically  impossible  to  work 
this  mining  property,  as  the  mine  is 
situated  on  the  side  of  a  precipitous 
and  rocky  mountain  and  the  ex- 
pense of  preparing  any  surface  line 
clown  the  mountain  and  across  the 
lake  would  be  enormous.  In  the 
region  where  this  mine  is  located 
there  is  a  snowfall  of  fifteen  to 
twenty  feet,  but  such  deep  snow 
in  no  way  interferes  with  the  suc- 
cessful operation  of  this  ropeway, 
permitting  the  active  opera^ous  of 
carrying  the  ore,  to  go  on  through 
the  severest  winter  weather. 

This  line  is  provided  with  auto- 
matic loading  and  dumping  ma- 
chines, and  being  a  gravity  line, 
i:  r.,  the  loaded  buckets  carrying 
the  unloaded  back,  the  cost  per  ton 
transported,  is  extremely  low. 


"WIRE    ROPEWAY    OF    THE    ENGLISH    MOUNTAIN    MINE. 


year.  The  suspension  helped  thousands  of  individual 
owners  and  tided  over  many  a  man  who  would  have 
been  seriously  inconvenienced  to  have  had  to  do  the 
necessary  hundred  dollars'  worth  of  improvement  on 
his  claim.  On  the  other  hand,  it  kept  from  usual 
distribution  some  millious  of  assessment  work,  and  in 
this  way  worked  indirect  injury  to  mining  interests 
in  general.  The  result  has  been  very  little  assess- 
ment work  done  in  the  last  eighteen  months  as  com- 
pared with  previous  years,  and  it  is  questionable 
whether  it  would  be  wise  legislation  to  re-enact  the 
suspension  bill  in  '95.  Whether  a  gold  claim  or  a 
silver  one,  it  is  more  in  the  spirit  of  the  times  for 
owners,  resident  or  non-resident,  to  have  more  de- 
velopment done.  The  required  $100  simply  complies 
with  the  letter  of  the  law,  and  that  much,  and  usually 
more,  will  be  of  benefit  to  each  individual  claim. 
There  is  great  difference  of  opinion  on  this  subject, 
as  is' always  the  case  in  matters  affecting  so  wide 
an 

development  of  the  industry  suggest  that  this  year 
the  law  should  not  be  suspended,  and  that  the  work 
of  development  be  not  checked.  It  is  our  belief  that 
further  effort  in  that  direction  would  be  unwise. 
As  a  matter  of  fact  the  suspension  law  has  hurt  the 
miner. 


Many  causes  are  assigned  for  the 
financial  stringency.  On  this  coast 
the  shrinkage  in  production  may 
be  pointed  to  as  the  principal  one. 
Take  California:  The  wheat  crop 
of  '80  was  worth  $40,000,000:  the 
wheat  crop  of  '94  is  worth  $13,000,- 
000— a  loss  of  $27,000,000  on  that 
one  product.  The  shrinkage  in  the  value  and  quan- 
tity of  Nevada's  silver  yield  is  another  case  in  point. 
As  compared  with  '80,  it  is  within  bounds  to  say  that 
there  is  a  diminished  product  of  $50,000,000  in  the 
two  States.  That  is  just  so  much  less  to  spend,  and 
that,  too,  among  an  increased  population  in  this 
State.  Were  it  not  for  the  gold  output  of  the  State, 
matters  would  be  much  worse.  The  gold  yield  of  '93 
shows  a  handsome  increase  over  the  previous  year, 
aggregating  $14,422,811,  and  it  is  believed  the  total 
for  '94  will  exhibit  the  same  gratifying  result. 


Objection  is  often  made  to  taking  stock  in  pro- 
posed incorporations,  that  the  holders  of  a  majority 
of  the  shares  have  the  power  to  levy  assessments 
and  cause  the  sale  of  delinquent  shares.  It  has 
been  urged  that  a  change  is  requisite  in  the  State 
laws  in  line  with  similar  enactments  in  some  of  the 
Eastern  States,  to  the  effect  that  where  shares  in  a 
area,  but  the  best  interests  of  all  and  the  proper  j  stock  company  become  delinquent  by  non-payment  of 

'  assessments,  they  stand  as  a  debit  against  the  stock 
so  held,  with  interest,  if  so  ordained,  till  paid;  but 
that  the  delinquent  stock  could  not  be  summarily 
sold.  Such  a  law  would  interfere  with  any  "freeze- 
out"  proposition,  and  would  dispel  an  uncertainty 
that  often  exists  under  present  rulings. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Jailusiry  5,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Office,  No.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Francisco. 
EF"  Take  the  Elevator,  Nu.  12  Front  Street. 


4.i)U 


S  1.21) 

s.oo 
i;i.oo 


1  Year. 
s  4.U0 
24.00 
42.00 


Annual  Subscription ; $3  00 

Advertising:  Kates. 

I  Week.    1  Month.    3  Months 

Per  Line  (agate) S  .25 

Half-Ineh  (1  square) 1.00 

One  Inch 1.50 

MINING  NOTICES. 

Assessment  Notices $10.00 

Delinquent  Notices,  per  square 3.00 

Large  advertisements  at  favorable  rates.  Special  or  reading  notices, 
legal  advertisements,  notices  appearing  in  extraordinary  type,  or  in 
particular  parts  of  the  paper,  at  special  rates.  Four  Insertions  are 
rated  in  a  month. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 


Chicago  Office CHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 


Entered  at  the  S.  P.  Postoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 
J.  F.  HAUORAN General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  January  5,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATION  —Wire  Ropeway  of  the  English  Mouutain  Mine,  1. 

EDITORIALS.— That  Armor  Plate;  A  Wire  Ropeway;  Miscella- 
neous, 1.  The  Money  Question;  Miscellaneous,  2.  Money  Asked 
For,  3. 

CORRESPONDENCE.  —  The  Cyanide  Patents ;  Eastern  Oregon 
Prospects, 4.  Mining  In  Nevada  County,  Retrospective  and  Pros- 
pective, 5.    Tuolumne  Mines,  6. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— A  Chemical  Curiosity;  Four  Hundred 
Degrees  Below  Zero;  The  New  Constituent  of  the  Air,  y. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS— Direct  Conversion  of  Light  Into  Elec- 
tricity; France  Encourages  Electrical  Progress,  12. 

PRACTICAL  INFORMATION  .—Wages  of  Steamship  Building;  The 
Speed  of  Trolley  Cars:  Doesn't  Pay  to  Pick  Up  Nails,  13. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  10. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  14. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates,  Personal;  Obituary,  3.  Labor- 
ing at  High  Altitudes,  4.  Right  Kind  of  "Salt,"  6.  Quicksilver, 
7.  A  Big  Copper  Deal  Predicted,  8.  An  Explosion  in  an  Iron 
Foundry;  Machinery  of  a  Cruiser;  Armor  Plate  for  Russia.  12. 
Coast  Industrial  Notes,  10.    Recent  Patents,  14. 


The  Victoria  Colonist  makes  a  strong  appeal  for 
the  establishment  of  a  mining  bureau  in  that  prov- 
ince. British  Columbia  needs  such  an  institution. 
Without  a  mining  bureau,  no  State  or  province  can 
expect  to  have  its  mineral  resources  properly  de- 
veloped. 

The  Chronicle,  in  its  New  Year's  edition,  gives  a 
very  good  summary  of  the  condition  and  progress  of 
the  State  in  '94.  Its  prophecies  regarding  1945 
make  very  pleasant  reading,  although  it  is  always 
■easy  to  create  an  atmosphere  in  which  to  flap  the 
wings  of  fancy.  The  possibilities  exist,  the  oppor- 
tunity is  ours,  and  the  result  will  be  commensurate 
with  the  effort  made.  "California  and  Its  Possi- 
bilities" is  a  grand  theme,  and  the  Chronicle  has  done 
it  justice. 

A  large  number  of  papers  published  in  the  in- 
terior of  the  State  are  advertising  the  best  or  quick- 
est way  to  reach  the  South  African  gold  fields.  In 
this  regard  it  should  be  generally  understood  that 
no  one  should  leave  this  State  in  hopes  of  improving 
his  financial  condition  in  South  Africa  unless  he  has 
guaranteed  to  him  by  responsible  parties,  before 
starting,  a  good  position  at  fair  wages.  Otherwise, 
he  will  be  grievously  disappointed. 


The  extraordinary  rainfall  on  the  coast  and  in  the 
valleys  means  the  piling  up  of  immense  snow  in  the 
mountains.  "The  first  snow  that  falls  is  the  last 
snow  that  goes,"  and  the  present  wetness  means 
abundance  of  water  for  the  miner  next  season.  The 
snow  causes  considerable  present  inconvenience.  At 
La  Porte,  Plumas  Co. ,  last  week  it  was  ten  feet  deep 
on  the  level,  and  no  mail  had  reached  there  for  eight 
days.  Near  the  Mountain  House,  on  the  road  from 
Nevada  City  to  Downieville,  the  snow  was  twelve  feet 
deep  on  the  stage  road. 


The  recent  sale  of  the  Oregon  Pacific,  railroad  for 
$100,000  illustrates  the  uncertainty  of  railway  in- 
vestments and  the  folly  of  puttiug  good  money  into 
a  scheme  not  thoroughly  understood.  Begun  in  1880, 
when  Henry  Villard  was  acquiring  possession  of  the 
Columbia  river,  the  Oregon  Pacific  people  started  a 
railway  from  an  alleged  port  at  Yaquina,  Or., 
toward  the  Willamette  valley,  with  the  announced 
program  of  completion  600  miles  to  Boise,  Idaho. 
The  enterprise  was  backed  by  New  Jersey  capitalists, 
who  said  the  ultimate  intention  was  to  have  Eastern 
transcontinental  connection  made.  A  line  of  steamers 
was  put  on  to  this  city,  and  the  project  was  widely 
boomed.  First  and  last  the  work  cost  about  $11,- 
000,000.  There  are  outstanding  $15,000,000  of  bonds, 
several   additional  millions  of  stock,  and   about  one 


million  in  unsecured  debts.  'The  stock  is  valueless, 
and  should  the  bondholders  hope  to  get  anything 
back  on  their  investment  they  must  advance  a  great 
deal  of  money.  All  there  is  to  show  for  the  vanished 
millions  is  147  miles  of  railway.  The  trouble  was 
lack  of  water  at  Yaquina. 


The  Boston  Transcript  thinks  "  Moribund  Nevada's 
two  Senators  for  40,000  people  are  the  shame  of  the 
nation."  The  nation  has  shames,  but  Nevada's 
Senators  are  not  of  them.  If  it  be  redistribution 
that  our  Boston  brother  believes  in,  what  shall  his 
basis  be  ?  Rhode  Island,  like  Nevada  or  any  other 
sovereign  commonwealth,  has  two  Senators.  If  on  a 
basis  of  population,  then  the  East  will  suffer  thereby. 
New  England  has  fourteen  Senators  now.  Illinois 
has  two;  but,  if  the  New  England  basis  is  the  correct 
one,  Illinois  should  have  ten,  and  other  States  are  in 
like  proportion. 

W.  S.  Stratton  of  Cripple  Creek,  Colorado,  is 
the  latest  mentioned  in  connection  with  the  United 
States  Senatorship  from  the  Centennial  State.  In 
the  last  two  years  he  has  risen  from  financial  obscur- 
ity to  prominence.  Jas.  Haggin  had  an  opportunity 
to  have  some  of  the  Colorado  man's  present  wealth, 
but  was  a  little  slow.  One  big  mining  property  was 
offered  Haggin  by  Stratton  about  fifteen  months  ago 
for  $155,000.  The  financial  flurry  made  him  tem- 
porize, but  he  sent  a  trusted  friend  to  make  inspec- 
tion of  the  property,  who  wired  him  the  mine  was 
easily  worth  half  a  million.  Haggin  telegraphed 
Stratton  the  same  hour  that  he  would  give  $350,000 
cash  for  the  property,  but  the  answer  flashed  back 
was:     "One  million  wouldn't  buy  it." 


The  continued  decline  in  the  price  of  silver  during 
'93  and  '94  has  caused  much  comment  on  the  future  of 
silver  mining.  The  Tribune  says  that,  in  Utah,  con- 
solidation is  proposed.  With  the  decline  in  the  price 
of  the  metal  the  profits  are  shrinking  so  fearfully  as 
to  endanger  the  existence  even  of  the  largest  and 
richest  properties.  Already  hundreds  of  the  small 
mines,  which  were  making  money  two  years  ago, 
have  surrendered  and  given  up  the  business.  Such 
fate  will  overcome  the  larger  mines  unless  steps  of 
some  sweeping  sort,  amounting  almost  to  a  revolu- 
tion in  methods,  can  be  devised.  Those  steps,  say 
some  of  the  leading  miners,  must  be  in  the  direction 
of  the  consolidation  of  interests.  Silver  mines  in 
given  localities  must  unite  in  the  same  manner  that 
so  many  other  industrial  enterprises  are  uniting. 
That  will  make  such  a  reduction  of  expenses  possible 
as  will  partially  offset  the  terrible  decline  in  price 
which  has  been  taking  place  since  the  panic.  It  will 
also  fortify  the  producers  as  against  the  smelters 
and  refiners,  and  in  that  way,  if  it  were  to  be  in  no 
other,  effect  a  considerable  change  from  present 
conditions. 

Among  other  matters  decided  at  the  recent  State 
election  there  were  several  constitutional  amend- 
ments voted  upon  affirmatively,  one  relating  to  the 
foreign  ownership  of  real  estate  in  California.  Sec- 
tion 17,  Article  I  of  the  State  Constitution  has  been 
by  popular  vote  amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows  : 

Section  17.  Foreigners  of  the  white  race,  or  of  African 
descent,  eligible  to  become  citizens  of  the  United  States  under 
the  naturalization  laws  thereof,  while  bona  fide  residents  of 
this  State,  shall  have  the  same  rights  in  respect  to  the  acqui- 
sition, possession,  enjoyment,  transmission  and  inheritance  of 
all  property,  other  than  real  estate,  as  native-born  citizens; 
provided,  that  such  aliens  owning  real  estate  at  the  time  of 
the  adoption  of  this  amendment  may  remain  such  owners : 
provided,  further,  that  the  Legislature  may  by  statute  pro- 
vide for  the  disposition  of  real  estate  which  shall  hereafter 
be  acquired  by  such  aliens  by  descent  or  devise. 

Prom  London  comes  the  inquiry  :  "How  will  this 
affect  English  ownership  of  California  gold  mines  ? 
Are  not  gold  mines  '  real  estate  '  ?"  Accompanied 
is  an  implication  that  the  recent  voice  of  the  people 
so  vociferously  expressed  may  result  in  cessation  of 
purchase  of  California  gold  mines  by  the  British 
investor.  On  the  assumption  that  the  next  best  thing 
to  having  our  mines  owned  and  operated  at  home  is 
to  have  foreign  capital  so  engaged,  it  were  unwise  to 
put  any  obstacles  in  the  way  of  "  foreigners  "  invest- 
ing and  profiting  by  such  investments  here.  Gold 
mines  come  under  the  heading  of  real  estate,  but  it 
is  not  at  all  likely  that  the  Legislature  which  meets 
next  week  at  Sacramento  will  take  any  further  action 
inimical  to  the  foreign  investor  in  gold  mines  or  other 
real  estate  in  California. 


The  Money  Question. 


The  currency  question,  the  issue  of  bonds,  "free1 
coinage,"  etc.,  take  up  the  public  thought  in  and  out 
of  Congress.  Many  plans  are  offered,  the  one  now 
before  the  House,  known  as  the  "  Carlisle  plan,"  and 
which  deserves  defeat,  being  the  one  receiving  the 
most  present  attention. 

In  the  discussion  of  a  question  two  things  must  be 
observed:  What  is  the  question,  and  on  what  points 
do  well-informed  persons  agree  ? 

On  the  money  question  all  intelligent  men  agree 
that  a  continued  increase  of  circulating  medium 
causes  the  general  level  of  prices  to  rise  and  a  con- 
traction of  currency  causes  a  shrinkage  in  prices. 

What  is  the  free  coinage  of  gold  and  silver  ?  It 
has  been  so  often  misstated  that  it  is  well  to  state  it 
fully.  The  Government  of  the  United  States  alone 
has  power  to  say  what  shall  constitute  a  legal  tender 
in  the  payment  of  debts,  aud  to  determine  the  rela- 
tive coinage  value  of  gold  and  silver.  What  is 
meant  by  free  coinage  is  simply  this: 

The  Government  will  coin  all  the  gold  bullion 
brought  to  the  mint  so  many  grains  to  the  dollar, 
charging  therefor,  if  it  sees  fit,  a  mintage  charge, 
and  the  owner  of  the  bullion  takes  the  gold  dollars 
his  bullion  makes,  and  takes  his  own  chances  of  cir- 
culating them.  Such  is  the  law  to-day.  If  we  had 
free  coinage  of  silver,  the  same  thing  would  obtain 
as  to  silver  bullion.  The  owner  of  silver  bullion 
would  take  his  bullion  to  the  mint  and  have  it  coined 
into  silver  dollars  (the  Government  making  a  mint 
charge),  the  owner  of  the  bullion  receiving  silver 
dollars  and  taking  his  own  chances  of  placing  them 
in  circulation.  In  neither  case  does  the  Government 
buy  the  bullion. 

What  then  becomes  of  the  favorite  assertion  so 
often  made  that,  if  we  have  free  coinage  of  silver, 
the  owner  of  silver  bullion  will  bring  his  silver  here 
and  sell  it  to  the  Government  for  gold  ?  It  is  not 
the  case,  for  the  Government  does  not  buy  it,  nor 
have  anything  to  do  with  it  except  to  coin  it,  de- 
ducting a  mintage  charge  and  making  by  law  the 
dollars  a  legal  tender.  The  owner  of  the  bullion  has 
on  hand  the  same  bullion  he  puts  in  the  mint, 
changed  in  form  and  less  in  amount  equal  to  the  mint 
charge. 

It  is  again  stated  that  to  do  this  is  to  repudiate 
our  government  contracts.     This  is  not  so. 

All  the  bonds  of  the  United  States,  even  those  re- 
cently issued,  are  payable  in  coin  (they  do  not  say 
gold  coin)  of  the  weight  and  standard  of  fineness  of 
July  14,  1870.  We  find,  then,  under  the  law  of  1870, 
gold  and  silver  were  full  legal  tender  at  the  ratio  of 
16  to  1,  the  silver  dollar  being  4123  grains,  nine- 
tenths  fine,  and  the  gold  dollar  being  25.8  grains, 
nine-tenths  fine. 

In  what  manner  would  it  be  repudiation  to  pay  our 
bonds  just  as  we  agree  to  ? 

As  to  the  effect:  If  we  have  gold  alone,  or  a  lim- 
ited amount  of  silver,  the  effect  is  to  cause  a  steadily 
decreasing  amount  of  money,  for  the  output  of  gold 
does  not  keep  pace  with  the  amount  used  in  the  arts 
and  worn  out  and  lost,  and  with  the  constant  in- 
crease of  population  the  effect  on  prices  is  to  cause  a 
constant  decline,  the  men  with  fixed  incomes  from 
bonds  and  life  salaries  being  correspondingly  bene- 
fited, and  the  burden  of  paying  the  public  debt  being 
correspondingly  harder. 

If  we  had  free  coinage  of  silver  as  well  as  gold,  the 
circulating  medium  would  either  increase,  or  at  least 
the  tendency  to  further  decline  would  be  checked. 
Objections  are  urged  to  the  coinage  of  silver,  but 
they  are  all  based  upon  prophecies,  and  they  are  the 
same  that  were  once  made  to  the  coinage  of  gold  in 
Europe  in  1857,  when  gold  was  demonetized  by  the 
most  of  the  leading  nations  of  Europe.  They  are 
the  same  prophecies  that  were  made  in  1878  in  Con- 
gress, when  the  Bland  bill,  providing  for  the  coinage 
of  $2,000,000  a  month,  was  on  its  passage. 

Not  one  of  the  evils  so  eloquently  prophesied  in 
1878  occurred.  Then  men  should  cease  their  prog- 
nostications of  evil  or,  at  least,  sometimes  make  a 
prediction  that  comes  true.  Can  we  do  this  thing 
alone  ?  In  the  struggle  for  gold  alone  we  are  strong 
enough  to  enter  the  race.  If  we  can  do  that  we  cer- 
tainly can  be  an  independent  nation.  Tf  our  exports 
exceed  our  imports  money  must  come  to  us.  If  our 
imports  exceed  our  exports  we  must,  in  time  become 
bankrupt  under  any  system. 


January  5,  189"). 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Money  Asked  For. 

The  committee  for  the  protection  of  mineral  lands 
is  having  printed  5»M)0  pamphlets  to  be  sent  to  the 
miners  of  the  State,  setting  forth  the  farts  in  the 
present  effort  to  stay  pending  action  and  secure  such 
legislation  as  will  enable  the  miner  to  stand  pa  more 
equitable  terms  as  to  the  selection  and  disposition 
of  public  land.  Much  of  the  contents  has  already 
appeared  with  endorsement  in  these  columns.  The 
motive  of  the  present  distribution  is  to  show  the 
present  status  of  the  matter,  illustrate  the  neces- 
sity for  prompt  action  and  direct  attention  to  the 
fact  that  money  is  needed  to  bring  the  movement  to 
a  successful  issue. 

The  pamphlets,  which  will  be  issued  next  week, 
contain  the  following  appeal  : 

To  ""  Minen  ••'  California i  Until  the  organization  of  the 
California  Miners1  Association,  a  few  years  ago,  united  action 
on  the  part  of  the  miners  of  California  was  practically  impos- 
sible Now,  however,  with  branch  miners'  associations  in  the 
mining  counties  (all  of  which  are  represented  on  the  executive 
committee  of  the  main  association),  the  miners  are  in  a  posi- 
tion to  make  their  wants  known  as  a  body  and  bring  their 
grievances  before  the  Legislature  or  Congress  with  some 
assurance  of  attention  being  paid  to  their  requests.  At  the 
annual  miners"  convention  the  delegates  are  enabled  to  in- 
struct the  executive  committee  as  to  the  course  to  be  pursued 
daring  the  year,  and  to  various  sub-committees  are  intrusted 
the  responsibility  of  carrying  out  the  resolutions  of  the  con- 
vention. 

Owing  to  the  exertions  of  the  California  Miners'  Associa- 
tion a  radical  change  has  been  made  in  the  Federal  laws  re- 
lating to  hydraulic  mining  in  this  State,  uuder  which  these 
mines,  long  closed  down  in  certain  sections,  may  again,  under 
prescribed  conditions,  resume  work  and  become  profitable, 
giving  employment  to  many  men.  The  Miners' Association 
now  has  on  its  hands  a  struggle  to  effect  certain  changes  bene- 
ficial to  the  miner,  on  the  laws  relating  to  quart/,  and  drift 
claims.  It  is  also  endeavoring  to  prevent  further  encroach- 
ments on  the  public  mineral  domain  by  agricultural  or  railroad 
claimants,  so  as  to  keep  for  the  miner  the  heritage  which  is 
his  due. 

To  carry  on  this  work  properly  and  accomplish  the  results 
desired  by  the  convention  money  is  absolutely  necessary. 
With  the  single  exception  of  the  secretary,  who  has  abundant 
work  to  perform,  no  man  in  the  association  receives  any  salary 
or  money,  the  work  being  all  done  voluntarily  by  the  execu- 
tive and  other  committees.  It  is,  however,  necessary  to  em- 
ploy people  to  prepare  maps,  look  up  records  and  perform 
other  services  for  the  committees.  A  great  deal  of  printing  is 
also  necessary,  and  money  is  needed  for  that.  It  may  also  be 
necessary  to  send  some  one  to  Washington  on  behalf  of  the 
Miners'  Association  to  look  after  our  interests  there.  We 
ought  to  have  a  fund  on  hand  for  such  emergencies  as  are  apt 
to  occur.  Without  money  it  is  impossible  to  carry  out  the 
wishes  of  the  association. 

All  this  work  is  being  done  in  the  interest  of  the  mines  and 
miners  of  California,  so  in  helping  the  association  with  funds 
the  miners  aro  helping  only  themselves.  With  the  changes 
in  the  laws  we  are  advocating  will  come  better  times  through- 
out the  mining  regions  of  the  State,  more  investments  of 
money  and  the  consequent  employment  of  more  men.  The 
miners  must  themselves  put  their  hands  in  their  pockets  if 
they  wish  to  see  anything  accomplished.  The  hands  of  the 
executive  committee  are  tied  when  they  have  no  funds  to 
carry  on  their  work. 

Those  opposed  to  the  interests  of  the  miners  are  abundantly 
provided  with  money,  lawyers,  and  facilities  of  all  kind  to 
accomplish  their  ends,  and  if  we  are  not  measurably  equipped 
in  the  same  way  we  will  have  an  up-hill  light  and  be  liable  to 
accomplish  little.  Not  a  cent  of  the  money  collected  for  the 
purposes  of  the  association  is  wasted  or  extravagantly  used. 
Those  who  contribute  may  i*est  assured  that  the  funds  are 
carefully  guarded,  and  account  given  of  all  expenditures. 
The  amount  on  hand  now  is  less  than  $100  and  there  is  need 
for  at  least  $1000  at  once  for  certain  expenses  incurred.  Other 
similar  expenses  are  bound  to  follow  and  we  should  have  sev- 
eral thousand  dollars  in  the  treasury. 

According  to  the  report  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau  this 
year  there  are  upward  of  13,000  miners  employed  in  the  mines 
of  this  State.  A  contribution  of  §1  each  would  provide  an 
abundant  fund  to  carry  on  the  Miners'  Association  for  some 
time.  If  superintendents  and  managers  of  mining  prop- 
erties would  make  a  very  slight  effort  to  explain  the  objects 
and  purposes  of  the  association  aud  its  needs,  the  men  would 
willingly  contribute  their  share.  Merchants  and  store- 
keepers in  the  mining  towns  should  also  be  called  upon  to 
assist  the  movement.  The  county  associations,  through  their 
officers,  should  appeal  to  the  members  to  aid  the  good  work. 

Appended  to  this  are  certain  documents  showing,  among 
other  things,  what  other  mining  States  are  doing  in  the  direc- 
tion of  saving  the  mineral  lands  for  the  miner,  ft  is  in  direct 
line  with  the  work  California  has  before  her,  aud  upon  which 
the  association  has  a  committee  now  engaged.  It  would  repay 
every  miner  in  the  State  to  read  these  statements,  as  they 
show  the  danger  we  incur  of  being  apathetic  or  postponing 
action  on  matters  relating  to  the  mineral  lands.  All  these 
matters  must  at  once  be  brought  to  the  attention  of  the  Gov- 
ernment authorities  in  as  forcible  a  manner  as  possible. 
Delay  at  this  time  means  a  forfeiture  of  thousands  and  thou- 
sands of  acres  of  mineral  land.  The  miners  can  keep  this 
land  for  themselves  if  they  make  a  united  effort,  but  if  they 
fail  to  do  so  it  will  be  their  own  fault.  The  State  Associa- 
tion is  in  a  position  to  represent  the  miners'  interests  pro- 
vided it  is  furnished  with  the  necessary  funds  to  carry  on  its 
work. 


130,000,000.  Twenty-five  years  ago  he  was  a  poor  man;  ten 
was  reckoned  at  115,000,000.  Mis  real  estate  and 
Investments  all  turned  out  well,  and  the  only  place  he 
made  other  than  a  great  success  was  in  the  U.  S.  Senate, 
where,  like  Stanford,  he  never  felt  at  home,  not  being  able  to 
say  or  do  what  he  liked. 

In  every  department  of  industry  he  had   big  investments, 

and  he  gave  constant  employment  to  au  army  of  men.     He  did 

a  great  deal  for  this  city,  spent  millions  of  dollars  in  industrial 

here,  improved  his  real  estate,  aud  kept   money 

oonstanl  ly  moving. 

His  millions  go  to  bis  three  children,  Mrs.  Oelrichs,  Miss 
Fair  and  (.'has.  L.  Pair,  but  are  so  curiously  tied  up  in  his  will 
that  they  practically  have  only  a  life  interest  in  his  wealth. 

Concentrates. 


Obituary. 

Jas.  G.  Pair,  ex-Senator  from  the  State  of  Nevada,  and  a 
miner  known  the  world  over,  died  at  the  Lick  House  in  this 
city  on  the  night  of  the  28th  ult.,  in  the  64th  year  of  bis  age. 
Born  in  Ireland  in  1831,  he  came  here  at  the  age  of  19,  and 
mined  with  varying  success,  till  he,  with  Markay,  Flood  and 
O'Brien,  secured  control  of  the  "Virginia  City  mines,  that 
yielded  them  $150,000,000.  The  stories  told  of  l*1  Uncle  Jimmy 
Fair"  are  countless.  He  was  a  hard  worker,  a  shrewd  man- 
ager, a  good  practical  miner,  the  best,  in  fact  the  only  real 
miner  in  the  big  quartet  whose  riches  made  them  famous. 
While  luck  had  a  great  deal  to  do  with  his  results,  he  was 
that  style  of  man  that  left  little  to  chance,  but  so  acted  that 
everything  would  come  his  way  unless  all  known  laws  of  cir- 
cumstance failed.  He  was  a  power  in  the  mining  world,  the 
biggest  of  big  operators  in  the  Stock  Exchange,  and  his  nerve 
and  financial  ability  were  such  that  he  could  withhold  and 
overcome  the  greatest  of  financial  flurries.  As  a  money  maker 
he  was  a  gigantic  success :  his  estate  will  probably  aggregate 


The  Montana  Ore  Purchasing  Company  has  declared  a  divi- 
dend of  $40,000. 

The  "  Minnesota  Gold  Mining  and  Refining  Co."  have  been 
proved  to  be  frauds. 

THE  Starlight  mine,  El  Dorado,  has  been  sold  to  G.  C.  Haw- 
ley  of  this  city  tor  135,000, 

The  White  Swan  mine,  near  Baker  City,  Or.,  has  been  sold 
to  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  capitalists. 

Teh  Boston  &  Colorado  Smelting  Company  paid  a  3%  per 
cent  quarterly  dividend  on  the  2d. 

A  u  strike"  is  reported  in  the  1000  level  of  the  Maryland 
mine.  The  ledge  is  about  twenty-five  inches  in  width  and 
shows  free  gold. 

The  Redding  Free  Press  says:  "The  Gladstone  mine  at 
French  Gulch  has  settled  every  dollar  of  indebtedness,  and  is 
ready  to  turn  out  bullion." 

The  Sioux  mine,  at  Tiutic,  Utah,  has  been  sold  to  F.  Farrell, 
of  Ansouia,  Conn.  A  big  reduction  plant  will  be  at  once  built, 
including  a  100- ton  concentration  mill. 

C.  G.  W.  Lock  and  Thomas  Hall  of  Deadwood,  S.  D.,  have 
sold  to  the  California  Pieacho  Gold  Mines  Company  the  Ruby 
placer  claim  in  the  Pieacho  district  in  San  Diego  county. 

The  Congress  mine,  Arizona,  has  been  sold  to  the  syndicate 
headed  by  E.  C.  Gage,  who  is  at  present  in  charge  of  the 
property.     It  is  understood  that  the  price  paid  was  $1,000,000. 

New  Mexico's  mineral  output  in  1894  has  not  yet  been 
officially  figured  up,  but  the  most  reliable  data  show:  Gold, 
§1,500,000;  silver,  1,350,000  ounces;  lead,  $80,000;  copper, 
$50,000. 

The  Indian  Creek  L.  &  M.  Co.  are  working  the  Shaw  mine, 
near  El  Dorado,  and  will  shortly  build  a  50-stamp  mill.  Nearly 
a  quarter  of  a  million  was  produced  by  the  Shaw  mine  in  days 
gone  by. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Interior  has  approved  the  lists  of  land 
selected  as  indemnity  by  the  Northern  Pacific  railroad,  em- 
bracing about  200,000  acres  in  the  Minnesota  grant  and  300,000 
in  Montana. 

The  Horse  Shoe  Gold  Mining  Company,  of  Wardner,  Idaho, 
has  incorporated ;  capital  stock,  $1,000,000;  officers :  F.  Jenkins, 
president;  G.  W.  Harris,  vice-president;  H.  Drought,  treas- 
urer ;  H.  A.  Jones,  secretary. 

In  the  mineral  production  of  Idaho  for  1804  the  totals  are: 
Gold,  $,879,000;  silver,  $3,359,000;  lead,  3^,006,000;  an  aggre- 
gate of  $7,884,000.  Silver  is  figured  at  sixty  cents  an  ounce 
and  lead  at  three  cents  per  pound. 

The  Consolidated  South  Spring  Hill  Gold  Mining  Company 
has  incorporated,  and  John  R.  Tregloan  is  superintendent. 
They  will  work  the  Median  mine  at  Amador  City.  The  incor- 
porators are  residents  of  Portland,  Maine. 

The  directors  of  the  Harqua  Hala  mines  have  transferred  to 
Wickenburg  the  shipping  of  supplies  to  their  property.  The 
road  is  by  way  of  Cullen's  wells,  the  only  drawback  being  the 
lack  of  water  on  a  stretch  of  forty  miles  after  leaving  Wick- 
enburg. 

The  electrolytic  plant  of  the  Boston  &  Montana  Company 
at  Great  Falls,  Mont.,  which  was  originally  expected  to  pro- 
duce' 800,000  pounds  of  copper  per  month,  is  reported  pro- 
ducing more  than  twice  as  much  and  at  a  very  slight  increase 
in  cost. 

Chicago  papers  quote  C.  M.  Kepp  of  Milwaukee,  a  share- 
holder in  the  Gem  mine,  as  saying  that  an  English  syndicate 
is  likely  to  purchase  the  Gem,  Frisco,  Tiger  and  Poorman 
mines  of  the  Coeur  d'Alenes.  The  consideration  named  is 
$3,000,000. 

The  Osceola  Copper  Mining  Company  will  pay  a  dividend  of 
$1  per  share  on  the  15th,  the  first  since  December  30,  1S93, 
when  a  similar  amount  was  paid,  and  also  $1  on  May  5,  1893. 
The  dividend  payable  on  the  15th  will  make  a  total  of  $1,S97,500 
to  that  date. 

A,  Gkothe,  of  Payette,  Idaho,  who  recently  returned  from 
London,  succeeds  J.  C.  Kemp  "Van  Ee  as  manager  of  the  Poor- 
man  Mining  Co.'s  mines  at  Silver  City,  Idaho.  A  new  mill 
will  be  built  in  the  spring,  and  it  is  understood  that  a  de- 
velopment fund  of  $150,000  is  available. 

Though  silver  is  but  sixty  cents  an  ounce,  Tombstone, 
Arizona,  is  said  to  be  turning  out  150  tons  of  ore  weekly  that 
brings  back  from  the  smelter  between  $9000  and  $10,000.  In 
addition  to  this,  her  miners  are  piling  up  reserves  of  ore  for 
the  time  when  silver  shall  be  rehabilitated. 

The  Columbia  River  hydraulic  mine  is  now  owned  by  the 
American  Development  Company  of  Duluth,  Minn.  The  prop- 
erty consists  of  the  Discovery  claim  of  65  acres  and  10p  acres 
adjoining,  together  with  a  water  right,  in  the  big  bend  of 
the  Columbia  about  75  miles  north  of  Revelstoke,  B.  C. 

Texada  Island  gold  is  the  subject  of  discussion  in  Nanaimo. 
Several  excellent  specimens  have  been  exhibited  showing  a 
considerable  quantity  of  free  gold;  but  to  experienced  eyes  it 
looks  a  trifle  too  much  like  the  product  of  a  "  specimen  mine  " 
with  a  vein  so  small  as  to  require  almost  solid  metal  to  work. 
Shelby  Eli  Dillard  asserts  that  "  the  great  trouble  with 
the  majority  of  prospectors  is  that  they  are  afraid  to  use  the 
pick  and  shovel.  It  takes  plenty  of  hard  work  and  good  judg- 
ment to  prospect  for  mineral.  This  thing  of  going  to  the 
mountains  and  laying  in  camp  and  eating  three  meals  a  day 
and  telling  old-time  stories  about  what  was  found  in  California 
forty-nine  years  ago,  is  only  mythical  gold  hunting.  It  takes 
a  brave  heart  and  bull-dog  determination  to  get  rich  in  the 


mining  business,  and  people  who  are  not   endowed  with    such 
characteristics  had  better  leave  mining  alone." 

Tue  Rosemout,  Arizona,  copper  mines  have  closed  down. 
Very  little  development  work  has  been  done  on  the  property, 
and  it  was  found  to  be  a  piece  of  folly  to  try  to  maintain  an 
eighty-ton  smelter  running  on  surface  ore.  This  is  but  an- 
other instance  of  the  uselessness  of  erecting  reduction  works 
before  having  a  mine. 

THE  Interior  Department  decides  that  128  acres  of  land, 
upon  which  most  of  the  residence  houses  of  Cripple  Creek  are 
located,  has  been  declared  placer  grouud  and  the  ownership 
awarded  to  half  a  dozen  claimants.  There  are  about  500 
houses  on  the  claim,  and  the  owners  will  have  to  pay  for  the 
land  they  occupy  or  move  off. 

The  Little  Larb  Hills,  near  the  Choteau  county  line,  in 
Valley  county,  Montana,  is  the  scene  of  the  latest  gold  find. 
It  is  thought  there  that  the  new  gold  fields  will  prove  as 
great  a  source  of  wealth  as  did  the  deposits  at  Alexander 
City,  near  Glasgow,  last  spring,  when  all  Montana  was 
threatened  with  a  stampede. 

As  elsewhere,  the  closing  of  the  silver  mines,  caused  by 
the  low  price  of  silver,  has  resulted  in  a  marked  increase  in 
the  gold  production  of  Arizona.  The  gold  output  during  the 
year  was  $3,080,350;  the  silver  output  $1,700,800;  copper, 
48,270,501)  pounds.  The  total  output  of  these  three  metals  for 
the  last  eighteen  years  is  valued  at  $101,784,017. 

A  Bitte,  Montana,  mining  broker  is  told  in  a  letter  from 
Liverpool,  England:  "The  mention  of  a  gold  mine  or  any 
other  kind  of  mine  to  a  Liverpool  man  is  fraught  with  danger. 
Liverpool  has  suffered  fearfully  by  mining  ventures,  espe- 
cially during  the  Australian  craze  of  1888,  1889  and  1890,  when 
shares  sold  from  £3  or  .£3  which  now  cannot  command  as  many 
shillings." 

Major  Newell,  who  is  the  inventor  of  a  scheme  to  raise 
gold-bearing  gravel  from  the  bed  of  a  stream  by  means  of  a 
strong  suction  pipe  and  extract  the  precious  metal  therefrom, 
has  launched  his  craft  on  Rogue  river,  near  Grant's  Pass,  Or. 
The  boat  is  thirty  feet  long  by  twelve  wide,  and  is  fitted 
with  an  engine  and  boiler  to  run  the  pump  and  a  set  of  sluice- 
boxes  to  wash  the  sand  and  gravel  after  it  has  been  raised  to 
the  surface. 

The  Southern  Pacific  Railroad  Company  has  filed  in  the 
Visalia  Land  Office  a  list  of  land  situated  in  the  Visalia  dis- 
trict and  has  applied  for  a  patent  for  the  said  lands.  The 
total  for  the  district  amounts  to  65,539.90  acres,  which  are  in 
townships  35  S,  and  29,  30  and  33  E ;  36  S,  29,  30  and  32  E ;  37  S, 
33  E ;  39  S,  31,  22  and  23  E ;  30  S,  21,  32  and  33  E ;  31  S,  33  and 
33  E.  Those  interested  in  these  lands  must  put  in  their  pro- 
tests, and  file  them  in  the  Land  Office  at  Visalia  before  the 
3Sth  inst. 

Two  years  ago  a  contest  was  begun  in  the  Spokane,  Wash., 
local  land  office  against  issuance  of  patent  to  the  Oro  Fino 
placer  mine,  owned  by  S.  I.  Silverman.  The  local  officers 
rendered  a  decision  against  him.  He  appealed  to  the  Com- 
missioner, who  reversed  the  findings  of  the  local  officers.  The 
case  was  carried  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  who  reverses 
the  Commissioner  and  sustains  the  original  decision.  The 
case  is  especially  important  to  the  town  of  Loomiston,  which 
is  laid  out  on  the  placer  claim. 

The  Nevada  Southern  railway,  a  branch  of  the  Atlantic  and 
Pacific,  is  now  completed  to  within  a  few  miles  of  the 
southern  boundary  of  Nye  county,  Nev.,  and  the  contractors 
expect  to  enter  that  county  early  next  spring.  There  are 
large  deposits  of  gold  and  silver-bearing  ore  in  Nye  and  Lin- 
coln counties,  carrying  from  $30  to  $60  per  ton  in  gold  and 
silver.  This  ore  cannot  be  worked  profitably  until  cheaper 
transportation  facilities  are  obtainable.  The  completion  of 
the  Nevada  Southern  railway  will  result  in  the  development 
of  the  mines  of  Nye  and  Lincoln,  and  there  will  he  a  large  im- 
migration to  those  counties  next  year. 

The  following  articles  of  incorporation  have  been  filed  with 
the  County  Clerk  of  Amador  county:  Articles  of  incorporation 
of  Consolidated  South  Spring  Hill  Gold  Mining  Co. ;  capital 
stock,  $1,500,000;  amount  of  stock  paid  for,  $35;  par  value  of 
the  shares  is  $5;  located  at  Portland,  Me.  Lone  Hill  Mining 
Co. ;  capital  stock,  $150,000,  divided  into  75,000  shares — par 
value  S3  each ;  place  of  business,  Sacramento,  Cal. ;  to  exist 
fifty  years.  Reward  Gold  Mining  Co. ;  capital  stock,  $1,000,- 
000,  par  value  $10  per  share;  capital  stock  subscribed,  $25,100  ; 
place  of  business,  San  Francisco;  to  exist  fifty  years.  Amador 
Railroad  Co. ;  capital  stock,  $100,000,  par  value  $100  per  share; 
capital  stock  subscribed,  $13,400;  place  of  business,  Amador 
City,  Cal. ;  to  exist  fifty  years. 

The  Leadville,  Colorado,  Herald-Democrat  gives  the  total 
output  of  that  camp  for  1894  at  $S,160,074.  If  silver  had  been 
at  its  coinage  value  the  output  would  have  amounted  to  $13,- 
000,000.  Of  the  1894  output,  the  production  of  gold  amounted 
to  $1,934,340.  This,  says  the  Herald-Democrat,  is  certainly  an 
excellent  record  for  a  gold  camp  but  a  year  old  and  with  but 
three  gold  properties  practically  producing  at  this  time.  The 
gold  output  for  1893  was  only  a  little  over  $803,000.  The  ton- 
nage of  the  camp  for  1894  as  given  is  362,907  tons,  which  is  an 
increase  over  1893,  when  there  was  but  340,000  tons  of  ore 
brought  to  the  surface.  The  great  Smith-Moffat  group,  in- 
cluding the  Maid  of  Erin  and  Gray  Eagle,  consolidated,  has 
taken  out  10,000  tons  more  than  last  year,  and  many  of  the 
other  older  properties  show  a  like  increase.  The  grand  total 
of  the  yield  of  Leadville  mines  from  1S79  to  1S94,  inclusive,  is 
$196,449,447.29.  The  number  of  men  engaged  in  mining,  haul- 
ing and  smelting  ore,  as  furnished  by  the  superintendents  of 
the  different  mines,  is  divided  as  follows:  Miners  and  mine 
laborers,  2231 ;  smelter  hands,  650;  ore  haulers,  150. 


Personal. 

M.  Booth  succeeds  Mr.  Bache  as  assayer  for  the  Treadwell 
company. 

John  Gill  succeeds  M.  G.  White  as  foreman  of  the  Granite 
Hill  mine,  Nevada  Co. 

W.  M.  Nesbit  Sr.  will  take  charge  as  superintendent  of  the 
Mammoth  mine  at  Tintic,  Utah. 

Mrs.  Phcebe  A.  Hearst  of  this  city  has  provided  for  the 
miners  of  Lead  City,  S.  D.,  a  library  and  reading-room  in  the 
new  building  of  the  miners'  union. 

F.  B.  Plebt,  a  mining  expert  for  Senator  J.  P.  Jones,  has 
gone  to  Mexico  at  Metlakatla  to  look  over  the  late  gold  dis- 
coveries in  quartz  on  the  north  side  of  Annette  island. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  5,  1895. 


The  Cyanide   Patents. 


all  the  mining  world 

Tt  does  seem  incredible  that  these  inventors  should 
■  been  anticipated  by  others   when  it  is  eonsid- 


To  the  Editor: — Serious  misapprehension  appears 
to  exist  in  some  quarters  respecting  the  effect  and 
scope  of  the  recent  decisions  of  the  English  courts 
against  the  plaintiff  in  the  suit  brought  for  infringe- 
ment of  one  of  the  MacArthur-Porrest  patents. 

Preliminarily,  it  should  be  observed  that  this  de- 
cision was  by  a  single  trial  judge,  and  at  what  may 
be  regarded  only  as  the  commencement  of  the  litiga- 
tion. Such  initial  decisions  are  far  from  conclusive, 
and  are  subject  to  revision  and  reversal  by  the  Court 
of  Appeals  composed  of  several  judges,  and  after  this 
again  by  the  House  of  Lords,  where  many  a  patent 
has  been  sustained  after  being  invalidated  below.  In 
fact,  it  may  be  stated  almost  as  a  rule  that  in  cases 
involving  difficult  chemical  processes,  like  the  Mac- 
Arthur-Porrest patents,  the  invention  rarely  comes 
to  be  fully  understood  and  its  merits  recognized  and 
rewarded  until  after  the  full  and  repeated  discussion 
and  study  arrived  at  in  the  higher  and  appellate 
courts  as  compared  with  the  hurried  first  conclusions 
of  the  trial  below.  A  striking  instance  of  this  is 
afforded  by  the  history  of  the  Tilgman  patent  in  this 
country  for  reducing  fatty  acids  by  a  chemical  pro- 
cess. That  patent — in  many  respects  closely  analo- 
gous to  the  MacArthur-Porrest  patent — was  first 
held  to  be  void,  not  only  by  the  courts  below,  but 
even  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
(See  report  of  Mitchell  vs.  Tilgman,  19  Wallace  TJ,  S. 
.Reports,  287).  One  would  suppose  that  the  Tilgman 
patent  was  finally  disposed  of  after  an  adverse  de- 
cision by  the  highest  appellate  tribunal  in  this 
country,  and  that  those  wishing  to  use  the  process 
might  thereafter  do  so  with  impunity.  But  the  exact 
con  trary  proved  to  be  the  case,  for  in  a  few  years 
afterward,  in  another  suit,  the  Tilgman  process  again 
came  up  on  appeal  before  the  same  Supreme  Court; 
but  on  this  second  occasion  the  court,  having  become 
better  instructed  as  to  the  nature  of  the  invention 
and  its  great  utility,  actually  reversed  its  own  prior 
decision  and  sustained  the  patent  in  the  broadest 
possible  way  (See  report  of  Tilgman  vs.  Proctor,  102 
U.  S.  Reports,  707). 

However,  there  are  many  other  reasons  besides 
the  possibilities  of  the  appeal  why  the  English  de- 
cision should  not  in  any  sense  be  depended  upon  as 
weakening  in  any  way  the  right  of  the  owners  of  the 
MacArthur-Porrest  patents  in  this  country  to  insist 
upon  the  recognition  of  their  rights.  The  only  ques- 
tion presented  in  the  English  court  arose  on  the 
broad  claim  to  the  exclusive  use  of  a  cyanide  of  po- 
tassium solution  for  extracting  gold  from  ore.  The 
second  or  more  specific  claim  to  the  use  of  the  solu- 
tion, after  the  manner  and  in  the  proportions  which 
seem  most  useful  as  invented  and  disclosed  by  Messrs. 
MacArthur  and  Forrest,  was  not  involved  in  that 
case.  The  whole  sum  of  the  decision  was  merely 
that,  so  far  as  this  first  trial  judge  could  see,  Messrs. 
MacArthur  and  Porrest  were  not  entitled  to  the  ex- 
clusive use  of  every  possible  form  of  cyanogen  and  of 
cyanide  solution.  The  claim  of  the  American  patent 
is,  as  is  well  known,  narrower  and  more  specific  than 
this  broad  English  claim,  and  is  carefully  limited  so 
as  to  cover  only  a  specific  strength  of  cyanogen, 
which  latter,  it  may  be  added,  is  the  only  kind  of 
solution  which  has  been  found  effective  in  this  coun- 
try. There  is,  therefore,  no  ground  for  supposing 
that  the  English  decision  constitutes  any  precedent 
which  will  control  or  even  affect  in  any  way  the  re- 
sult of  the  suits  against  infringers  on  the  American 
patent,  which  are  now  under  way. 

Furthermore,  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  the 
MacArthur-Porrest  process  is  not,  as  patented, 
merely  for  the  use  of  cyanide  of  potassium.  The  use 
of  cyanide  constitutes  only  one  feature  of  the  inven- 
tion, and  this  was  the  only  part  of  it  involved  in  the 
English  case.  As  will  be  well  understood  by  those 
familiar  with  the  process,  other  additional  features 
of  great  importance  are  covered  by  the  patents, 
among  which  may  be  noted  the  present  admirable 
method  of  precipitating  by  the  use  of  zinc  shavings. 
Though  other  methods  of  precipitation  are  open  to 
the  public,  this  particular  one  is  covered  by  a  patent, 
the  validity  of  which  is  believed  to  be  unchallenged. 
It  should  be  said,  in  conclusion,  that  no  patent  of  any 
distinguished  value  has  ever  run  its  career  without 
the  most  violent  opposition  and  question  as  to  its 
validity,  and  that  it  cannot  be  anticipated  that  these 
patents  shall  enjoy  any  exemption  from  this  general 
rule. 

Considering  the  enormous  value  and  utility  of  the 
process  as  demonstrated  by  the  actual  figures  of 
those  working  with  it,  and  on  the  undisputed  fact 
that  no  one  ever  actually  brought  it  into  use  until 
Messrs.  MacArthur  and  Porrest  published  it,  it 
would  seem  but  just  to  accord  to  them,  as  a  slight 
reward  for  their  patenting  and  thus  teaching  to  the 
world  that  which  otherwise  they  might  have  kept,  as 
a  secret  process,  the  few  years  of  mouopoly  during 
which  they  may  get  some  return  through  the 
moderate  license  fees,  on  payment  of  which  the 
process  is  freely  opened,  with  fullest  instructions,  to 


ered  that  no  problem  has  received  keener  or  more 
constant  scientific  and  practical  attention  during 
the  last  fifty  years  than  this — of  how  to  extract 
from  ores  the  percentages  of  gold  resisting  amalga- 
mation, chlorination  and  other  processes,  and  that 
the  scientific  publications  of  Faraday,  Gemlin  and 
others,  and  the  patent  of  Eae,  relied  upon  as  antici- 
pations, were  all  on  the  books  for  more  than  thirty 
years,  notwithstanding  which  no  one  knew  enough 
to  make  any  use  of  such  publications  until  after 
Messrs.  MacArthur  and  Forrest  had  demonstrated 
the  enormous  utility  of  this  process.  The  fact  is, 
that  none  of  these  publications  disclosed  what  Mac- 
Arthur  and  Forrest  subsequently  taught,  and  that 
were  it  not  for  the  latter  the  mining  world  would  to- 
day be  just  where  it  kept  for  thirty  years,  notwith- 
standing all  those  publications  stared  it  in  the  face 
during  the  entire  time.  H.  Bankart,  M.  E. 

San  Francisco,  Dec.  26,  1894. 


Eastern  Oregon  Prospects. 


To  the  Editor: — The  mining  fields  of  the  North- 
west have  been  unusually  active  for  the  past  three 
years,  and  during  that  time  many  valuable  discov- 
eries have  been  made  and  transfers  of  mining  prop- 
erty numerous.  True,  the  debasement  of  silver  had 
a  very  disastrous  effect  upon  certain  productive  dis- 
tricts, but  even  this  state  of  affairs  did  not  deter 
the  prospector  from  searching  for  silver  lodes.  The 
feeling  that  sooner  or  later  the  white  metal  would 
receive  recognition  that  would  place  it  on  equality 
with  gold  encouraged  him  in  his  explorations.  The 
general  character  of  the  ore  in  this  section  of  the 
western  mineral  fields,  even  in  the  face  of  the  great 
decline  in  silver,  stimulated  the  searcher  for  wealth 
owing  to  the  fact  that  the  silver-bearing  districts 
carry  a  paying  percentage  of  gold.  Many  of  the 
best  paying  mines  throughout  the  Northwest,  though 
predominating  in  silver,  depend  mainly  upon  the 
diffusion  of  gold  throughout  the  ore  for  profits,  and 
but  for  which  such  properties  could  not  be  success- 
fully operated.  The  mines  at  De  Lamar  are  a 
striking  illustration  of  this  fact,  the  gold  product 
being  in  excess  of  running  expenses. 

In  this  section  of  Grant  county  this  characteristic' 
of  ores  prevails,  and  though  the  old  parity  of  the 
two  moneyed  metals  should  never  be  restored  there 
is  sufficient  wealth  in  the  ores  where  large  bodies  of 
it  exist  to  insure  productive  and  valuable  mines.  If 
this  mineral  belt  existed  in  any  of  the  more  favored 
States  and  Territories  it  would  long  ago  have  been 
an  important  factor  in  the  world's  product  of  both 
gold  and  silver,  but  for  reasons  of  a  financial  nature 
ledges  of  the  most  promising  description  were  not 
sufficiently  prospected  to  prove  the  extent  and  value 
of  ore  bodies  and  of  course  could  not  be  represented 
to  mine  buyers  as  they  deserved  to  be.  In  nearly 
every  instance  where  thorough  development  has  been 
a  feature  paying  ore  bodies  have  been  unfolded,  and 
that,  too,  in  mines  where  croppings  showed  but 
little  mineral.  The  La  Belleoue,  one  of  the  most 
prominent  mines  in  the  district  and  now  operated  by 
a  strong  syndicate,  is  corroborative,  of  this  fact. 

The  Greenhorn  mountains  are  undeniably  rich  in 
minerals,  and  it  is  only  a  question  of  time  when  de- 
velopment will  demonstrate  the  existence  of  ore 
bodies  of  incalculable  importance  to  the  mining 
world.  The  belt  is  extensive,  the  ledges  large  and 
running1  parallel,  and  so  close  together  that  in  some 
instances  five  or  six  ore-bearing  veins  exist  within 
the  side  limits  of  a  location  and  an  opening  on  any 
one  of  them  would  suffice  for  operations  on  the  entire 
group.  The  ores  are,  however,  refractory  and  would 
therefore  necessitate  roasting;  but  in  a  country  so 
densely  timbered,  the  output  of  the  mines  can  be 
treated  in  this  manner  at  comparatively  light  cost. 
As  a  general  thing,  ledges  in  high  altitudes  very 
rarely  carry  much  gold,  but  here  it  is  an  exception. 
The  ore  is  very  similar  to  that  in  the  DeLamar  mines 
in  Idaho  and  would  require  the  same  treatment,  but 
owing  to  far  superior  natural  advantages,  the  cost 
of  reduction  would  be  nominal  compared  with  the  ex- 
pense attending  the  ores  in  the  mines  above  men- 
tioned. Again,  nearly  all  the  discoveries  made  can 
be  opened  at  great  depth  through  the  medium  of 
tunnels,  cross-cutting  the  country  or  projected  along 
the  veins,  thereby  opening  up  long-lasting  ore  bodies 
and  precluding  the  employment  of  pumps  and  other 
machinery  necessary  where  properties  are  operated 
through  a  shaft.  No  opening  of  sufficient  depth  has 
as  yet  been  made  to  fully  demonstrate  the  nature  of 
the  country,  so  far  as  water  is  concerned;  but  even 
though  the  formation  should  hold  quantities  of  it,  a 
long  time  must  elapse  before  the  stoping  territory 
above  a  tunnel  level  would  be  sufficiently  exhausted 
to  necessitate  sinking. 

Nature  could  not  have  done  more  in  the  shape  of 
natural  advantages  for  the  successful  working  of  the 
properties,  even  though  Providence  has  taken 
especial  efforts  to  do  so.  As  before  stated,  the 
mountains  are  densely  covered  with  the  best  of  tim- 
ber for  building  and  mining  purposes.  Water  is 
plentiful,  and  fall  can  be  obtained  for  running  any 
machinery  of  whatsoever  nature  for  working  the 
mines  or  treating  the  ores.      The   snowfall,   though 


probably  reaching  the  depth  of  seven  or  eight  feet, 
will  be  no  obstacle  in  mining,  the  roads  being  easily 
kept  open.  A  fine  mountain  highway  leading  from 
either  Baker  City  or  Canyon  City  via  Granite,  pene- 
trates the  Greenhorn  country,  and  from  which 
branch  roads  run  to  the  different  mines.  By  .the 
way,  there  is  a  narrow  gauge  railroad  running  from 
Baker  City  to  the  village  of  McEwen,  a  distance  of 
twenty  miles,  and  your  correspondent  has  been  in- 
formed that  this  road  will  be  extended  to  Port  Sum- 
ter next  season,  thus  bringing  Granite  within  four- 
teen miles  of  railroad  communication  and  the  Green- 
horn mining  district  within  thirty-two  miles  of  the 
railway  terminus. 

The  entire  country  is  picturesque;  the  mountain 
scenery  is  embellished  here  and  there  by  beautiful 
lakes  filled  with  the  finest  trout,  while  in  every  di- 
rection little  streams  wind  their  way,  all  of  which 
are  well  stocked  with  speckled  beauties.  Game  of 
every  description  natural  to  this  latitude  is  plentiful. 
The  climate  is  delightful,  and,  viewed  impartially,  it 
is  undoubtedly  one  of  the  most  interesting  mining 
camps  on  the  continent. 

Though  but  a  few  years  have  been  devoted  to  pros- 
pecting in  this  district,  a  number  of  fine  locations 
have  been  made  and  nearly  all  of  them  have  received 
more  or  less  development.  The  "  Intrinsic,"  operated 
by  a  Portland,  Oregon,  company,  is  a  fine  property, 
located  on  the  east  side  of  the  mountain  and  distant 
from  the  old  town  of  Robinsonville  about  two  and 
one-half  miles.  The  ledge  is  a  large  one,  the  ore  be- 
ing gray  copper  carrying  gold.  Five  tons  of  ore 
were  shipped  from  this  mine  that  returned  an  aver- 
age of  112  ounces  in  silver  and  $5  per  ton  in  gold. 
The  Silver  Hill,  owued  by  Schuarr  &  Haun,  also  has' 
a  record  as  a  high-grade  mine,  in  the  neighborhood 
of  fifty  tons  of  ore  having  been  treated  that  yielded 
268  ounces  in  silver  and  $5  per  ton  in  gold.  Messrs. 
Miller  &  Morris  are  developing  a  mine  known  as 
"Morris,"  that  promises  to  become  very  valuable. 
The  mine  is  opened  through  a  tunnel  and  several 
hundred  tons  of  ore  have  been  extracted  and 
shipped  that  yielded  $48  per  ton  in  gold  and  silver. 
The  "  Ornament"  comes  next  in  rotation  and  is  also 
operated  by  a  Portland  combination,  the  ore  being 
of  the  same  character  as  that  in  the  mines  above 
mentioned.  The  Bennet  claims,  in  the  same  vicinity, 
have  been  developed  to  some  extent  and  all  the  ore 
tested  has  yielded  well.  The  Ruby  and  Chloride 
mines,  located  near  the  head  of  Boulder  creek,  are 
other  properties  of  great  promise,  and  during  next 
season  will  be  operated  tor  all  they  are  worth. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  mountain  a  stream,  known 
as  Lost  creek,  finds  its  source,  and  on  the  head- 
waters of  this  creek"  is  located  one  of  the  best  min- 
eral belts  in  Oregon.  Within  a  comparatively  small 
area  of  territory  twenty  veins  have  been  prospected, 
all  of  which  show  remarkably  well.  Prominent 
among  this  number  are  the  Yellow  Jacket  and 
Salmon,  owned  by  J.  N.  Manley  and  C.  H.  Williams, 
and  the  Mossback  and  Cora,  owned  and  operated  by 
J.  H.  Hilliard,  John  Coyle  and  W.  P.  Mount.  In  the 
latter  locations  nine  mineral  bearing  lodges,  ranging 
from  three  feet  to  six  feet  in  width,  have  been  found 
within  the  side  lines  of  the  claims  and  they  are  so 
situated  that  one  opening  will  answer  for  all  of 
them.  The  ore  from  these  properties  has  been 
thoroughly  tested  and  in  every  instance  the  returns 
have  been  most  gratifying.  Shafts  have  been  sunk 
here  and  there  along  the  veins  that  have  demon- 
strated the  surface  existence  of  an  ore  body  300  feet 
in  length.  The  character  of  the  ore  is  the  same  as 
in  all  the  other  mines  mentioned,  but  the  great 
volume  of  mineral-bearing  quartz  in  sight  will  ulti- 
mately bring  these  two  properties  into  prominence 
in  the  mining  world.  It  is  a  safe  prediction  that  the 
time  will  come  when  the  Mossback  and  Cora  will 
contribute  largely  to  the  gold  and  silver  output  of 
the  northwest,  but  capitalists  must  become  identified 
with  their  development  to  bring  about  a  realization 
of  this  prediction.  Those  who  are  in  search  of  min- 
ing investments  could  not  find  a.  more  encouraging 
field  to  operate  in  than  the  Greenhorn  country.  If 
the  claims  above  mentioned  were  in  any  of  the  more 
favored  mining  districts  they  would  long  ago  have 
been  pouring  their  wealth  into  the  channels  of  trade 
and  a  lively,  prosperous  camp  denoted  on  the  map. 

Next  season  will  be  one  of  great  activity  through- 
out this  entire  district,  and  if  indications  are  a  safe 
criterion  to  be  governed  by,  many  valuable  ijroper- 
ties  will  be  opened  up  before  the  return  of  another 
winter.  R-  C.  G. 

Granite,  Or.,  Dec.  25,  '94. 

Laboring  in  High  Altitudes. 

Some  curious  facts  are  brought  to  light  on  the 
capabilities  of  men  to  labor  at  high  altitudes  during 
the  construction  of  the  Peruvian  Central  Railroad. 
This  line  starts  at  Lima,  and  proceeding  inland, 
reaches  its  highest  point  at  the  tunnel  of  Galeria, 
15,645  feet  above  sea  level.  It  is  stated  that  men 
were  able,  to  do  a  fair  "  sea  level  "  day's  work  as  long 
as  the  altitude  did  not  exceed  8000 'to  10,000  feet 
above  sea  level;  but  beyond  this  there  was  a  sudden 
falling  off  in  the  work  of  one-fourth  to  one-third  up 
to  heights  of  12,000  feet,  and  at  still  higher  eleva- 
tions 100  men  were  required  to  do  work  easily  done 
by  fifty  at  sea  level. 


January  5,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


/"lining  in   Nevada  County,  Retrospective  and 
Prospective. 


Written  for  the  Mining  indSi  isntific  Press  by  Samvki.  ui'ti.kk. 

It  is  customary  for  the  careful  and  diligent  man  of 
business  at  the  close  of  the  year  to  sit  down  and  bal- 
ance up  his  accounts.  In  a  dispassionate  manner  he 
is  over  his  business  and  financial  accomplish- 
ments during  the  year.  He  is  retrospective,  and 
carefully  reviews  the  past.  His  future  actions  are 
guided  in  a  great  measure  by  his  past  experience. 
li  is  true  thai  he  may  anticipate  emergencies  during 
the  year  on  which  be  is  just  entering,  and  with  the 
instinct  of  the  true  business  man  he  makes  proper 
provision  for  the  same  But,  nevertheless,  he  is  al- 
most entirely  governed  by  past  failures  and  suc- 
cesses, 

The  object  of  this  writing  is  to  take  a  calm  and 
dispassionate  retrospect  of  the  past  and  to  make 
some  feeble  suggestions  relative  to  the  future  of 
mining  in  Nevada  county.  In  doing  this  my  words 
and  opinions  will  be  influenced  to  a  great  extent  by 
what  we  have  accomplished  in  the  past  through  the 
different  systems  of  mining  in  vogue  here.  This  is 
the  only  chart  we  have  by  which  to  measure  the 
future  extent  and  prosperity  of  our  great  industry. 

Nevada  county  bears  the  proud  distinction  of  be- 
ing the  banner-  gold-producing  county  of  California, 
i  tther  counties  have  attempted  to  compete  with  her 
in  the  race  for  supremacy,  but  when  the  yearly  pro- 
line lions  were  put  to  the  keen  analytical  test  the 
disparity  was  very  obvious.  The  suppression  of  hy- 
draulic mining  was  of  more  serious  consequence  to 
Nevada  than  to  any  other  county  in  the  State.  A 
careful  estimate  reveals  the  fact  that  through  the 
"inhibition  of  this  system  of  mining  this  county  was 
deprived  of  an  annual  revenue  amounting  to  $3,750,- 
000.  The  total  production  of  our  hydraulic  mines  up 
to  the  time  of  the  suspension  of  operations  through 
the  decrees  of  the  courrs  aggregated  the  magnificent 
sum  of  $112.(1011,01111.  The  great  injury  received 
most  therefore  be  apparent  to  all  intelligent  minds. 
Rut  in  spite  of  this  disparagement  we  have  continued 
at  the  head  of  the  procession,  and  have  always  been 
found  in  the  vanguard  of  progress.  Our  mines  have 
been  developed  more  successfully  and  to  a  greater 
depth  than  the  mines  of  any  other  section  of  the 
State.  No  similar  area  in  the  world  has  paid  more 
magnificently,  considering  the  amount  of  capital  in- 
vested, than  that  which  comprises  Nevada  county. 
But  there  is  yet  room  for  judicious  investment,  the 
only  thing  necessary  to  success  being  capital. 
■'Money  makes  money,"  and  without  this  essential 
requisite  the  speculator  cannot  succeed  more  suc- 
cessfully here  than  elsewhere. 

The  year  1894  dawned  more  auspiciously  in  this 
county  than  any  previous  year  since  the  prohibition 
of  hydraulic  mining.  The  skies  were  exceedingly 
bright.  Success  beamed  in  every  town,  village  and 
hamlet  in  the  county.  The  anticipated  resumption  of 
hydraulic  mining  and  a  marked  improvement  in  quartz 
mining  imparted  enthusiasm  to  every  resident.  The 
previous  year— 1893 — had  witnessed  the  most  disas- 
trous financial  depression  ever  recorded  in  American 
history.  Gloom  and  depression  were  everywhere 
prevalent.  But  notwithstanding  this  fact  and  while 
the  panic  was  ravaging  the  country  from  Maine  to 
California,  causing  disaster  wherever  it  entered,  our 
people  viewed  the  result  with  almost  stolid  indiffer- 
ence, secure  in  the  knowledge  that  while  other  in- 
dustries were  languishing  and  being  forced  to  the 
wall  through  the  great  depression,  our  prime  indus- 
try was  rapidly  increasing  in  extent  and  in  the 
amount  of  production.  Congratulations  on  the  en- 
joyment of  such  an  era  of  prosperity  while  the  rest 
of  the  world  was  being  degraded  through  commercial 
and  financial  depression,  were  very  numerous.  In 
my  correspondence  to  the  Press  at  that  time  I  re- 
ferred to  the  prosperous  era  in  the  following  lan- 
guage: "The  prospects  for  quartz  mining  were 
never  brighter  than  at  the  present  time.  Increased 
interest  is  manifested  by  outside  capitalists,  and  we 
predict  for  the  year  1894  an  era  of  unprecedented 
prosperity." 

During  this  year  the  North  Star  mine  increased  its 
output  by  over  $100,000.  Most  of  the  other  large 
mines — the  Maryland,  Omaha  Con.,  Empire,  W.  Y. 
O.  D.,  Champion,  Providence,  Nevada  City  and 
Mountaineer — were  producing  exceedingly  well.  They 
were  being  operated  on  sound  business  and  financial 
principles;  but  a  check  to  this  unequalled  prosperity 
came  all  too  suddenly.  It  came  in  a  manner,  too, 
which  sent  terror  to  thousands  of  noble  and  courage- 
ous hearts.  On  the  evening  of  January  9th  the  pro- 
tracted shrill  of  a  mine  whistle  aroused  the  residents 
and  betokened  danger.  Investigation  proved  that  a 
fire  had  started  in  the  changing  room  of  the  Mary- 
land mine  and  had  quickly  communicated  its  deadly 
flames  to  the  buildings  adjacent  thereto.  For  a 
while  it  seemed  as  though  the  entire  property  would 
be  annihilated  by  the  conflagration.  Only  the  mill 
was  saved  of  the  surface  buildings.  Even  the  shaft 
was  mutilated  for  hundreds  of  feet.  This  was  a  mis- 
fortune which  the  owners  of  the  Maryland  could  illy 
afford  to  bear.  They  had  only  been  in  possession  of 
the  property  a  few  months  and  had  paid  about  $70,- 
000  of  the  purchase  price  when   this   calamity  befell 


them.  They  had  secured  the  property  after  long 
and  costly  litigation,  and  for  a  time*  there  were 
doubts  as  to  their  ability  to  rebuild.  Previous  to 
this  time  the  Maryland,  then  known  as  the  Idaho, 
had  worked  uninterruptedly  for  twenty-eight  years. 
In  that  time  $12,000,000  had  been  produced.  Em- 
ployment was  given  to  200  men,  the  mine  was  pro- 
ducing exceedingly  well  and  fortune  seemed  to  smile 
on  the  fortunate  owners.  The  throwing  out  of  em- 
ployment of  such  a  large  number  of  men  was  an 
atlliction  which  Grass  Valley  could  not  lightly  bear. 
She  was  suddenly  deprived  of  a  revenue  amounting 
to  $750  a  day,  and  the  depressing  effect  was  evident. 

"  Misfortunes  never  come  singly  "  is  an  old  adage, 
as  true,  probably  truer,  in  mining  as  in  other  pro- 
fessions. Almost  simultaneous  with  the  Maryland 
disaster  came  the  closing  of  the  Champion  mine  of 
Nevada  City.  An  injunction  was  placed  upon  the 
Champion  Company  by  the  Wyoming  Company,  and 
operations  were  entirely  suspended.  The  latter 
company  contended  that  the  former  was  encroaching 
on  its  ground  and  they  were  determined  to  settle 
the  difficulty  by  judicial  proceedings.  The  closing  of 
this  mine  greatly  affected  the  activity  and  prosperity 
of  Nevada  City.  The  Champion  was  one  of  the  larg- 
est and  most  productive  mines  in  the  county,  a  regu- 
lar dividend  payer  and  employed  150  men.  It  had 
been  reopened  and  worked  under  great  difficulties, 
causing  the  outlay  of  an  immense  sum  of  money  to 
put  it  on  a  paying  basis.  The  company  was  just  be- 
ginning to  realize  the  benefits  which  always  accrue 
from  capital  judiciously  invested,  and  the  town  was 
just  emerging  from  the  siege  of  depression  which  had 
hovered  around  since  the  suppression  of  hydraulic 
mining,  when  this  clash  came.  But  the  law  is  un- 
compromising, and  this  mine  was  destined  to  remain 
idle  several  months,  much  to  the  detriment  of  busi- 
ness and  the  prosperity  of  the  town. 

With  the  beginning  of  March  a  decline  in  the  pro- 
duction of  the  North  Star  mine  was  strongly  per- 
ceptible. This  mine  had  increased  its  output  the 
previous  year,  as  already  stated,  by  over  $100,000. 
A  "crossing"  was  encountered  in  the  1800-foot 
level,  the  appearance  of  which  nonplussed  the 
owners  and  several  mining  experts  who  examined  its 
peculiarities.  As  depth  was  attained,  the  "cross- 
ing" continued  and  became  more  formidable  in  size 
and  the  character  of  the  rock  which  composed  it.  It 
was  evident  that  unless  the  "  crossing  "  changed  its 
course,  and  took  a  more  westerly  dip,  it  would  seri- 
ously affect  the  ledge  and  limit  the  product  of  the 
mine.  These  fears  were  realized,  and  by  the  end  of 
the  month  a  reduction  in  the  force  of  men,  which  was 
then  200,  was  made.  This  added  denseness  to  the 
gloom  overhanging  the  city  from  the  suspension  of 
the  Maryland  mine.  The  company  continued  to  re- 
duce its  working  force  until  in  September  nearly  all 
of  the  200  miners  employed  were  discharged.  Only 
a  few  prospectors  were  retained  to  try  and  unearth 
some  new  subterranean  riches.  The  company,  evi- 
dently discouraged  through  the  loss  of  the  rich  de- 
posit of  ore  which  had  paid  so  magnificently,  decided 
to  abandon  the  mine  entirely;  but  they  shortly  after 
reconsidered  the  matter  of  closing  the  mine,  and 
there  are  now  about  one  hundred  tributers  at  work 
there.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  they  will  succeed  in 
discovering  a  new  "lead"  which  will  retrieve  the 
prestige  of  this  famous  mine  and  make  it  as  pros- 
perous as  in  days  of  yore. 

In  August  the  Centennial  miue,  which  had  been 
reopened  by  a  company  composed  chiefly  of  Sacra- 
mento business  men,  superintended  by  A.  W.  Stod- 
dart,  suspended  operations.  This  incident  was  only 
serious  in  so  far  as  it  apparently  blighted  the  pros- 
pects of  one  of  the  most  promising  mines  in  Grass 
Valley.  There  were  only  a  few  men  employed  by 
this  company,  and  they  were  working  under  the  con- 
tract system.  The  men  who  were  most  deeply  in- 
terested in  the  property  claimed  that  they  were  un- 
able to  meet  the  obligations  of  the  mine,  having  to 
depend  on  their  current  business  for  financial  sup- 
port; but  the  great  railroad  strike  so  seriously  af- 
fected their  business  that  they  were  compelled  to 
abandon  the  property.  The  Centennial  is  destined 
to  become  a  valuable  and  permanent  property.  The 
writer  personally  inspected  it,  and  in  his  corre- 
spondence to  this  journal  at  the  time  stated:  "The 
Centennial  Company  may  be  congratulated  on  the 
possession  of  a  very  promising  property;  and  if  they 
are  wise  in  their  day  and  generation,  they  will  spare 
no  expense  to  make  the  development  of  the  mine 
rapid  and  complete."  This  statement  still  holds 
good,  as  little  development  work  has  been  done  since 
that  time.  This  mine  will  not  be  permitted  to  re- 
main idle  long.  It  is  by  far  too  valuable  a  property 
to  remain  in  a  state  of  desuetude.  From  1876  to 
1882  a  party  of  common  prospectors  extracted  over 
$500,000  from  the  vein,  which  averages  a  foot  in 
thickness.  The  last  ton  of  ore  crushed  before  the 
mine  was  purchased  by  the  Sacramento  syndicate 
paid  $35. 

Up  to  this  time  we  have  only  written  of  the  re- 
verses experienced  by  the  mining  industry  in  this 
county.  I  have  faithfully  portrayed  the  dark  side  of 
the  picture,  and  the  most  unpleasant  part  of  the 
task  is  over;  but  as  every  cloud,  however  black,  is 
supposed  to  have  a  "silver  lining,"  so  there  is  a 
bright  side  to  the  mining  elements  here.  There  were 
occasions  when  the  sun  of  prosperity  and  encourage- 


ment would  shed  its  effulgent  rays  and  illumine  the 
gloom.  While  we  did  not  realize  all  that  we  antici- 
pated, and  while  the  Allison  Ranch,  Massachusetts 
Hill  and  Rocky  Bar  Hill  mines  were  not  rehabili- 
tated as  we  were  led  to  expect  they  would  be,  still 
there  were  other  developments  which  gave  cause  for 
encouragement  and  enthusiasm. 

The  most  marked  improvement  of  any  environment 
of  the  county  occurred  at  the  Osborn  Hill.  This 
famous  hill  will  eventually  become  one  of  the  richest 
sections  of  Nevada  county.  The  mines  that  have 
been  reopened  on  this  hill  nave  paid  immensely  on 
the  capital  invested.  The  attention  of  capitalists  is 
being  constantly  directed  to  this  section.  In  the 
early  days  this  hill  was  a  bee-hive  of  industry,  and 
now  that  its  intrinsic  value  has  become  known  we 
may  anticipate  remarkable  improvements.  The 
Osborn  Hill  is  notably  the  most  successful  of  the  old 
mines  which  have  been  resuscitated.  At  a  depth  of 
450  feet  it  produced  $2,000,0110.  yet  it  is  richer  to-day 
than  it  ever  was.  It  is  one  of  the  most  productive 
mines  in  Grass  Valley  and  employs  a  large  number 
of  men.  During  the  past  year  the  company  has 
erected  a  new  mill,  increased  the  dimensions  of  its 
hoisting  works  and  the  capacity  of  the  machinery 
therein  contained.  It  now  gives  every  indication  of 
being  a  valuable  and  permanent  property. 

The  Electric  mine,  too,  is  situated  on  this  hill  close 
to  the  Osborn  Hill  mine.  Many  important  develop- 
ments have  occurred  there  during  the  past  twelve 
months,  and  the  present  prospects  are  very  flatter- 
ing. A  mill  has  been  erected  and  substantial  hoist- 
ing machinery  constructed.  The  last  ore  extracted 
paid  $50  per  ton — a  very  rich  vein  considering  the 
cheap  facilities  for  milling.  On  the  same  hill  is  the 
Conlin  mine,  which  is  rapidly  making  strides  on  the 
highway  to  prosperity.  Much  is  expected  of  this 
property  when  it  is  properly  developed.  The  Daisy 
Hill  mine  is  situated  in  close  proximity  to  the  above 
mentioned  mines.  It  promises  to  be  a  remuner- 
ative property  from  the  start.  It  has  been  re- 
opened during  the  past  year  and  worked  in  a  manner 
which  reflects  great  credit  on  the  owners.  A  vein  of 
ore  twenty-one  inches  thick  and  averaging  from  $30 
to  $50  per  ton  has  been  uncovered.  A  substantial 
hoisting  and  pumping  plant  has  been  erected,  and 
the  mine  is  lighted  by  electricity  throughout. 

The  Merrimac  has  also  been  reopened  during  the 
past  few  months  under  the  superintendency  of  L.  P. 
Goldstone.  Much  may  be  expected  from  this  source, 
as  the  mine  has  produced  some  rich  ore  during  former 
workings.  The  South  Idaho  mine  has  made  consid- 
erable progress  in  the.  past  year.  The  last  crushing 
of  ore  extracted  averaged  $200  a  load. 

In  Nevada  City  the  progress  has  been  no  less 
marked  and  equally  gratifying.  Several  abandoned 
properties  have  been  rehabilitated  and  give  evidence 
of  becoming  valuable  and  permanent.  The  feature 
of  greatest  significance  to  the  community  is  the 
purchase  of  the  Wyoming  mine  by  the  Champion 
Company.  This  disposes  of  the  dispute  involved  in 
the  suit  brought  by  the  Wyoming  Company  to  re- 
strain the  Champion  Company  from  trespassing  on 
their  property.  This  consummation  is  fortunate  for 
the  business  interests  of  the  town  because  the 
Champion  Company  purchases  all  its  materials  from 
local  business  houses.  These  properties  will  be  de- 
veloped on  a  large  scale  in  the  coming  spring.  Other 
mines  have  been  reopened,  notably  the  Contact, 
Col.  R.  Clark,  Home  and  Reward.  Some  of  these 
mines  have  produced  remarkably  well  in  former 
years,  and  they  are  being  finely  equipped  with 
modern  appliances,  which  indicates  a  long  lease  of 
life  so  far  as  good  intentions  are  concerned.  Most 
of  them  are  under  careful  and  experienced  manage- 
ment and  will  undoubtedly  become  valuable  acquisi- 
tions to  the  town.  The  gravel  mines  have  made  a 
very  favorable  showing  during  the  past  year,  espe- 
cially the  East  Harmony  and  West  Harmony,  and 
they  are  expected  to  maintain  their  equilibrium  dur- 
ing 1895. 

And  now  I  wish  to  refer  to  the  prospects  of  the 
mining  industry  in  Nevada  county,  as  viewed  from 
its  present  condition.  We  enter  the  year  1895  with 
a  feeling  of  confidence.  It  is  true  that  the  produc- 
tion of  our  mines  for  1894  will  be  less  than  for  the 
year  previous.  The  reasons  for  this  falling  off  have 
already  been  given.  Most  of  the  causes  which  led  to 
the  reduction  were  unavoidable,  such  as  the  closing 
of  the  Champion  mine,  the  Maryland  disaster  and  the. 
"  crossing  "  encountered  at  the  North  Star.  These 
events  occurred  without  having  "  cast  their  shadows 
before."  Some  of  the  mines  newly  opened  have  com- 
pensated in  a  certain  measure  for  the  loss  sustained 
through  the  suspension  of  some  of  the  older  mines. 
But  it  will  take  a  number  of  small  mines  to  equal  the 
production  of  the  North  Star  alone,  which  in  1893 
produced  in  round  numbers  $335,756. 

We  confess  we  have  but  little  faith  in  the  immedi- 
ate resumption  of  hydraulic  mining.  The  immense 
benefits  which  would  accrue  to  this  county  through 
the  complete  resuscitation  of  this  system  of  mining 
can  only  be  estimated  by  those  who  witnessed  the 
perennial  prosperity  during  the  halcyon  days  of 
hydraulicking.  We  believe  that  American  skill  and 
genius  will  devise  some  means,  in  spite  of  the  per- 
sistent opposition  of  the  valley,  whereby  hydraulic 
mining  may  be  resumed  without  injury  or  detriment 
to  farming  interests.     We  believe   that   the   miners 


r\ 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  5,  1895. 


will  ultimately  triumph.  But  the  legal  obstacles  are 
so  great  and  numerous  at  the  present  time  that  we 
do  not  anticipate  much  increase  from  that  source, 
although  several  mines  have  been  given  permits  to 
resume  operations.  We  must  still  rely  on  our  quartz 
mines  for  the  maintenance  of  our  position  as  the 
leading  gold  producing  region  of  the  State. 

It  is  my  intention  to  point  out— so  far  as  my 
knowledge  of  the  mines  of  this  county  permits  me, 
and  without  going  into  detail  as  to  my  reason  for  so 
doing — where  we  are  likely  to  derive  an  increase  in 
our  revenue.  In  Grass  Valley  the  older  mines  are 
all  in  good  condition  and  producing  steadily.^  It  is 
conservative  to  assert  that  some  of  them  are  "  look- 
ing" exceedingly  well— better,  probably,  than  they 
have  appeared  for  several  months  past.  This  is 
especially  true  of  the  Maryland,  Omaha  Con.,  Em- 
pire, W.  Y.  O.  D.,  New  Orleans  and  Pennsylvania 
mines,  which  we  regard  as  the  oldest  and  most  sub- 
stantial in  this  district.  Marked  improvements  have 
been  noticed  in  all  these  mines  within  the  past  few 
weeks,  and  an  increased  output  may  be  anticipated 
in  the  near  future.  The  Pennsylvania  Company  is 
just  beginning  to  reap  the  reward  of  patient  and 
persistent  prospecting.  They  have  managed  to  keep 
their  heads  above  water  for  the  past  six  years  and 
now  they  are  beginning  to  swim.  From  the  Osborn 
Hill  environment  we  expect  splendid  developments 
during  the  coming  year.  Up  to  this  time  the  Osborn 
Hill  mine  has,  in  a  great  measure,  been  doing  pre- 
paratory work.  They  are  now  ready  to  work  the 
mine  on  a  large  scale  and  we  predict  a  great  in- 
crease in  the  production  of  this  mine.  The  same 
must  be  said  for  the  other  mines  situated  on  this 
hill.  The  Electric,  Daisy  Hill  and  Conlin  mines  are 
in  a  position  where  they  can  be  relied  on  to  add 
materially  to  the  gold  producing  capacity  of  Grass 
Valley.  Then  there  is  the  Rose  Hill  mine,  which  has 
been  bonded  by  a  company  of  Kansas  capitalists. 
This  mine  has  produced  over  $100,000  at  a  very 
superficial  depth.  The  gentlemen  who  have  posses- 
sion of  the  property  are  capitalists  of  means  and 
they  are  so  highly  pleased  with  the  prospects  that 
they  have  announced  their  intention  of  developing  it 
on  an  extensive  plan. 

The  Kate  Hayes  mine  is  situated  on  the  hill  whose 
name  it  bears.  In  the  '60s  it  was  a  noted  mine, 
although  not  worked  to  any  great  depth.  It  is  in  a 
locality  which  guarantees  the  development  of  a 
splendid  mine.  If  the  mine  is  properly  worked — and 
we  have  reason  to  think  it  is  under  capable  manage- 
ment— it  will  prove  a  dividend-payer  before  the  ex- 
piration of  1895.  The  South  Idaho  is  another  of  the 
mines  that  is  full  of  promise.  The  proprietors,  who 
are  mostly  local  men  of  limited  means,  are  pegging 
away  in  the  hope  that  they  will  eventually  develop  a 
large  ana  productive  mine.  These  mines,  which  are 
nearly  all  new,  in  company  with  the  Merrimac,  Slate 
Ledge,  Wisconsin  and  several  others,  are  expected 
to  show  a  large  increase  in  their  production  during 
the  coming  year. 

Rumors  are  afloat  to  the  effect  that  James  D. 
Hague  has  signified  his  intention  to  work  the  mines 
recently  purchased  by  him  on  the  Massachusetts  and 
Rocky  Bar  hills  in  the  spring.  It  is  impossible  to 
conceive  the  object  of  such  dereliction  on  the  part  of 
the  owners  of  these  mines,  considering  the  rich  min- 
eral belt  in  which  they  are  located.  The  only  reason 
to  be  assigned  is  that  the  company  represented  by 
Mr.  Hague  is  waiting  until  cheaper  motor  power  is 
introduced — for  it  is  impossible  to  convey  water  to 
these  mines  for  motor  power — which  is  a  very  im- 
portant feature  in  developing  mines  on  an  extensive 
scale.  If  the  proprietors  of  the  Allison  Ranch  are 
sincere  in  their  statements,  that  mine  will  also  be 
reopened  in  the  spring.  We  cannot  grasp  the  possi- 
bilities of  this  mine  when  it  is  properly  developed. 
It  has  not  been  operated  for  over  thirty  years,  but 
when  it  was  worked  it  produced  $3,000,000  at  a  depth 
of  200  feet.  The  resuscitation  of  the  Allison  Ranch 
would  give  a  new  lease  of  life  to  the  village  whose 
name  it  is  known  by.  It  is  also  stated  that  the  fa- 
mous Gold  Hill  mine  is  to  be  reopened  in  the  spring, 
which  is  very  gratifying  news  to  all  Nevada  coun- 
ty an  s. 

In  Nevada  City  the  largest  increase  is  expected 
from  the  Champion- Wyoming  mine.  No  more  enter- 
prising company  than  the  Champion  ever  operated 
in  this  county.  They  enter  into  all  their  transac- 
tions with  a  vim  and  energy  deserving  of  success. 
They  have  unlimited  means  and  a  rich  property. 
Their  future  plans  have  not  yet  been  disclosed,  but 
it  is  gratifying  to  know  that  this  important  mine 
will  not  suffer  in  the  coming  year  in  the  same  man- 
ner as  it  has  done  this  year  through  litigation.  It 
will  undoubtedly  treble  its  output  in  1895.  It  is  now 
recognized  as  one  of  the  bulwarks  of  the  mining  in- 
dustry here.  The  purchase  of  the  Wyoming  prop- 
erty reflects  great  credit  on  the  Champion  Company 
and  exhibits  a  strong  business  sagacity.  It  is  cause 
for  congratulation  in  Nevada  City,  because  both  the 
mines  will  be  developed  jointly  and  under  the  same 
management. 

The  Mountaineer  mine  is  steadily  progressing  with- 
out the  blare  of  trumpets.  W.  A.  Dennis,  the 
superintendent  of  this  mine,  is  one  of  the  most  com- 
petent and  reliable  mining  engineers  that  ever  en- 
tered Nevada  county,  which  means  much.  At  thp 
Mountaineer  he  has  brought  order  out  of  chaos.    He 


labored  assiduously  until  he  brought  the  mine  into  a 
high  state  of  efficiency;  from  an  almost  worthless 
property  into  a  dividend-paying  mine.  During  the 
past  year  he  found  it  necessary  to  reduce  his  work- 
ing force  for  the  purpose  of  prospecting  certain 
parts  of  the  mine  which  had  been  previously  neg- 
lected. He  has  succeeded  in  developing  these  aban- 
doned sections,  and  the  old  force  of  men  is  at  work 
again.  We  may  expect  an  increase  of  production 
from  this  source  in  the  coming  year. 

The  Providence  and  Nevada  City  mines,  both 
large  producers,  still  maintain  their  position  among 
the  leading  mines  of  this  town.  Barring  unforeseen 
events,  these  mines  are  likely  to  greatly  increase 
their  product  during  the  coming  year.  Especially  is 
this  true  of  the  Nevada  City  mine.  The  purchase  of 
the  Mayflower  mine  by  a  company  of  capitalists  rep- 
resented by  Mr.  Lane  of  Calaveras  is  considered  a 
fortunate  incident  here.  This  mine  was  owned  by 
the  Martin  brothers  of  this  city  for  a  number  of 
years,  and  was  operated  by  them  on  a  very  meager 
scale.  The  transfer  of  the  property  indicates  that 
it  will  be  developed  on  a  scale  commensurate  with 
its  worth.  The  company  is  a  wealthy  one,  and,  as 
soon  as  the  weather  permits,  will  make  extensive  im- 
provements on  the  mine.  This  will  help  to  swell  the 
increase  in  production  everywhere  prevalent.  The 
new  mines  that  have  recently  started  will  add  ma- 
terially to  the  wealth  of  the  couuty.  We  cannot 
look  to  them  for  much  of  an  increase  in  the  near 
future,  but  before  the  expiration  of  1895,  with  proper 
preparatory  work,  they  will  become  substantial 
properties.  Quartz  mining  has  received  quite  an 
impetus  on  the  San  Juan  Ridge  during  the  past  year. 
In  close  proximity  to  the  town  of  San  Juan  are  some 
very  promising  prospects.  They  are  located  on  the 
Boss  ledge,  which  is  said  to  be  a  veritable  bonanza. 
This  vein  is  an  immense  deposit  of  gold  quartz.  Its 
correct  width  has  not  yet  been  ascertained,  although 
it  has  been  developed  for  eighty  feet.  A  company  of 
San  Francisco  capitalists  have  recently  organized  to 
work  a  portion  of  this  ledge.  Should  they  prove 
successful,  and  we  sincerely  think  they  will,  an  inter- 
est in  that  section  of  the  county  will  have  been 
aroused  that  will  result  in  material  benefit  to  San 
Juan  and  the  county  as  a  whole.  The  Live  Oak  and 
Badger  Hill  mines  are  also  situated  on  this  ridge  and 
give  evidence  of  becoming  reliable  bullion  producers. 
If  development  work  in  the  quartz  mines  on  the  San 
Juan  Ridge  continues  during  the  coming  year,  and 
sufficient  capital  can  be  interested  in  their  welfare, 
they  will  prove  a  valuable  adjunct  to  the  county. 

I  have  endeavored  to  faithfully  diagnose  the  pres- 
ent condition  of  the  mining  industry  of  our  county. 
I  have  made  no  attempt  at  exaggeration  or  to  lend 
color  to  any  of  the  statements  I  have  made.  Every 
assertion  can  be  substantiated  by  a  personal  investi- 
gation of  the  properties  above  mentioned.  I  have 
suffered  too  much  myself  from  ephemeral  booms, 
which  have  been  concocted  in  the  minds  of  reckless 
speculators,  to  delude  miners  and  capitalists,  to  try 
and  mislead  others.  Parties  interested  in  Nevada 
county  mines  have  always  pursued  a  conservative 
course,  sometimes  to  the  injury  and  detriment  of 
their  own  interests.  But  from  present  indications  it 
is  safe  to  assert  that  this  county  is  just  entering  on 
an  era  of  genuine  prosperity  such  as  it  has  not  been 
her  good  fortune  to  enjoy  since  the  suppression  of 
hydraulic  mining. 

Nevada  City,  Dec.  24,  1894. 

Right  Kind  of    "Salt." 


Surprise  and  amusement  were  created  among  the 
officers  of  the  Mercur  Mining  Company  yesterday  by 
the  report  of  Attorney  Frew's  testimony  as  to  the 
"salting"  of  the  mines  recently  purchased  by  them 
in  California.  The  gentlemen  were  inclined  to  admit 
that  the  best  of  experts  can  be  fooled  by  "salting," 
but  they  are  at  a  loss  to  understand  how  it  is  that, 
if  the  mine  really  was  doctored,  the  ore  they  have 
taken  out  since  the  purchase  of  the  property  has  run 
higher  in  assays  than  that  on  the  basis  of  which  they 
bought  the  mine.  Two  carload  lots  were  taken  out 
under  Mr.  Brown's  direction  previous  to  the  pur- 
chase and  carefully  run  through  the  mill  under  his 
supervision.  Then,  immediately  after  the  purchase, 
Mr.  Brown  went  to  the  mine  again  and  took  out  an- 
other carload  lot  to  be  brought  to  this  city  for  a  test 
in  connection  with  two  kinds  of  mills,  in  order  to  de- 
termine which  one  could  be  used  to  best  advantage. 
All  that  ore  was  removed  from  the  mine,  as  it  were, 
directly  under  Mr.  Brown's  nose;  yet  it  ran  several 
points  higher  than  the  first  two  lots. 

Messrs.  Dern,  Airis,  Brown  and"  others,  therefore, 
are  not  made  at  all  uneasy  by  Mr.  Frew's  declara- 
tions. They  believe  that  the  property  has  been 
tested,  and  that  they  have  become  owners  of  some- 
thing of  real  value.  Only  a  break  in  the  weather  is 
awaited  before  steps  will  be  taken  looking  to  the 
erection  of  milling  and  other  improvements. — Salt 
Lake  Tribune. 


Tuolumne  County. 


M.  Wolff  has  a  five-column  article  in  a  contem- 
porary arguing  that  the  earth  is  not  an  oblate 
spheroid  in  form.  He  says  its  shape  is  that  of  an 
elongated  cone,  and  proves  it — to  his  own  satisfac- 
tion. The  gentleman  who  recently  destroyed  the 
gravitation  theory  need  no  longer  be  lonesome. 


From  Our  Traveling  Correspondent. 

To  the  Editor: — Just  below  the  junction  of  the 
North  and  Middle  Forks  of  the  Stanislaus  river  J.  S. 
Sublett  of  Murphys,  Calaveras  Co. ,  is  opening  up  a 
quartz  mine  with  a  ground  sluice.  His  mine,  the 
Chimey  Rock,  is  about  half  way  up  the  steep  moun- 
tain side.  Here  a  strong  reef  of  granite  crops  and 
forms  the  hanging  wall  of  his  vein.  This  wall  shows 
a  skin  of  quartz  rich  in  gold.  The  vein  and  footwall 
have  been  ground  down  by  a  slide  a  width  of  twenty 
feet.  This  matter  Mr.  Sublett  is  sluicing  out  to  get 
at  his  vein.  It  is  rich  in  gold,  and  in  it  are  found 
pieces  of  the  ledge  two  to  four  feet  wide,  all  rich  in 
visible  gold. 

Adjoining  this  vein  are  several  ledges  that  show 
very  good  rock  and  on  which  considerable  work  has 
been  done,  but  it  is  the  Chimey  Rock  vein  that  he 
looks  upon  as  his  bonanza.  South  of  this  lie  the  Col. 
Dorsey  mines.  Mr.  Dorsey's  working  partner,  El- 
liott, has  bonded  his-  interests,  and  it  looks  as  though 
something  might  now  be  done  with  this  group  of 
mines.  To  the  east  the  Star  and  a  number  of  other 
mines  have  recently  been  bonded  by  Eastern  people, 
who  are  at  work  developing  the  same. 

The  Keltz,  W.  Sharwood  of  Soulsbyville  superin- 
tendent :  The  mine  is  steadily  being  developed  by  ex- 
tending the  drifts  in  from  the  mountain  side.  As  the 
drifts  get  depth  the  quality  and  quantity  of  the  rock 
increase  in  value  and  size,  and  the  mine  is  in  a  more 
prosperous  condition  to-day  than  at  any  time  past, 
with  a  bright  future  before  it.  The  mill  is  now  of 
fifteen  stamps  that  are  kept  continuously  dropping 
on  the  quartz  from  the  six-foot  ledge. 

West  of  the  Keltz  and  east  of  Columbia  is  the  Ham. 
and  Birney,  W.  Sharwood  superintendent.  The 
vein's  course  is  from  bottom  to  top  of  a  ridge  2000 
feet  high.  The  mine  is  developed  by  a  series  of  drifts 
driven  from  the  surface  on  the  vein.  The  vein  is 
about  five  feet  in  width  and  is  in  slate  walls.  The 
vein  is  very  fiat  and  the  back  seams  immense.  The 
vein  can  be  developed  from  base  to  summit  by  drifts 
to  a  depth  of  about  2000  feet,  and  as  no  sinking, 
pumping,  hoisting  or  expensive  timbering  are  re- 
quired, the  ore  can  easily  be  mined  and  milled 
for  not  .to  exceed  $2.50  a  ton.  There  is  a  new 
ten-stamp  mill  that  was  started  to  dropping 
while  I  was  at  the  mine.  This  mill  is  situated 
about  half  way  down  the  mountain  side,  and, 
while  this  mill  has  a  high  head  of  water,  its  waste 
water  can  be  used  to  run  another  mill  at  the 
base  of  the  Mil.  The  mill  is  of  Mr.  Sharwood's  de- 
signing, and  in  it  are  a  number  of  features  that  will 
recommend  themselves  to  millmen.  The  front  plate 
in  the  battery  slopes  up  to  and  against  the  screen, 
with,  no  strips  on  the  inside  of  the  screen.  This 
causes  the  water  to  flow  up  and  against  the  screen 
in  an  even,  continuous  play,  and  thus  add  to  the  dis- 
charge. Just  above  the  screen  is  a  narrow  board, 
which,  when  removed,  enables  the  millman  to  see  the 
condition  of  the  battery  and  to  fish  out  any  floating 
wood.  Above  this  is  a  sheet  of  iron  with  wooden 
frame.  The  whole  front  of  the  battery  can  be  re- 
moved by  simply  turning  a  few  buttons.  In  front  of 
the  screen  is  a  narrow  plate.  Below  this  the  ore 
flows  into  a  narrow  box,  and  from  it  through  pipe 
to  the  plates.  These  pipes  are  about  two  feet  long, 
thus  leaving  a  space  for  the  millman  when  cleaning 
up.  The  plates  are  hung  on  rods  at  the  lower  ends, 
so  that  they  can  be  given  any  desired  pitch.  The 
situation,  water  power,  size  and  value  of  the.  vein 
make  the  mine  a  good  proposition. 

Old  Tuolumne,  R.  C.  Davis  of  Columbia,  superin- 
tendent: The  mine  is  northeast  of  Columbia,  on  the 
south  fork  of  the  Stanislaus  river.  The  drifts  are 
now  in  800  feet  on  the  old  and  1700  feet  on  the  new, 
and  they  are  still  driving  for  the  vein.  In  the  old 
drift  the  vein  is  about  four  feet  of  $10  ore.  Five 
stamps  are  now  dropping  and  five  more  will  soon  be 
started.  The  mine  is  an  old  property,  but  had  been 
idle  for  some  time.  With  the  exception  of  one  or 
two  small  claims  there  is  now  nothing  doing  in  gravel 
in  this  once  famous  section  from  Columbia  to  Sonora. 

SummersVille. — Eureka  Con.,  better  known  as  the 
Old  Dead  Horse,  is  running  steadily,  with  Mr.  C.  H. 
Thomas  as  superintendent.  The  shaft  is  now  down 
1360  feet,  which  makes  it  the  deepest  mine  in  the 
county.  The  vein  runs  from  four  to  five  feet  in 
width.  At  this  depth  Mr.  Thomas  mines  and  mills 
for  an  average  of  $2.50  a  tou  by  the  year,  and  has 
done  it  for  $2.25,  which  is  very  close  for  shaft  work. 
The  mill  is  of  twenty  stamps  and  the  whole  plant  is 
operated  by  water  power.  Just  south  of  the  Eureka 
John  Rhube  has  taken  hold  of  the  Lady  Washington, 
and  with  his  usual  luck,  or  rather  knowledge,  has 
shown  up  a  shoot  of  good  ore.  The  Seminole  is  also 
said  to  be  looking  well,  but  as  the  operators  of  these 
two  were  not  on  the  mines  at  the  time, of  my  visit,  I 
could  not  get  any  reliable  information  concerning 
either. 

Northeast  of  Summersville  is  the  Cherokee  dis- 
trict. On  the  north  extension  of  the  Dead  Horse' is 
the  Laura,  W.  Long,  superintendent.  The  company 
has  put  down  a  shaft  400  feet  and  drifted  850  feet 
north  on  the  four  to  five-foot  vein.  The  superin- 
tendent is  running  to  catch  the  junction  of  the  Car- 


January  5,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


lotta  and  Pennsylvania  with  their  vein.  A.s  both 
these  veins  are  known  to  be  rich,  he  has  every  reason 
to  expect  a  rich  shoot  at  their  junction.  About  1 1 00 
Feet  north  is  the  old  shaft,  the  ore  from  which  pros- 
pects well.  Mr.  Long  has  averaged  loo  feet  a  month 
in  sinking  and  drifting  in  granite  with  a  force  of  but 
six  men.  This  mine  is  in  the  Cherokee  district  Mr. 
Leacbman  lias  bad  the  Carlotta  and  Pennsylvania 
pumped  out  for  inspection.  The  Carlotta  shows 
fifteen  inches  oi  $35  to  $45  ore,  while  the  Pennsyl 
v.inia.  adjoining,  shows  two  feel  and  over  of  siu  ore. 
The  mines  are  the  property  qf  Mr.  Fred  Sutton  of 
Sonora,  and  are  as  good  an  investment  as  ran  be 
found  in  the  country.  Mr.  Sharwood  of  Soulsbyville 
owns  the  Ponto  Pino,  which  is  just  south  of  the  Car 

lotta.      This    is    a    small    vein  of    heavily  mineralized 

ore,  a  property  that  would  delight  a  Colorado  opera 

tor  who  Knows  what  can  be  done  With  small  veins  of 
good  Ore.  If  these  three  mine-  were  consolidated 
they  could  furnish  sufficient  sulphurets  for  their  own 
chlorinatioo  plant,  and  thus  by  working  the  ore  on 
the  ground  could  be  made  a  very  valuable   property. 

HouUbyviile. — The  Old  Soulsby,  W,  Sharwood, 
owner:  The  shaft  was  put  down  Still  feet  and  a  drift 
run  south,  and  above  this  three  million  dollars  was 
sloped  out.  When  this  was  exhausted,  adrift  was 
run  north;  and  as  no  ore  shoot  was  encountered,  the 
mine  was  shut  down.  South  is  an  old  shaft,  in  which, 
at  eighty  feet,  the  early  miners  came  to  a  ;'  throw  " 
in  the  vein  and  stopped.  The  vein  matter  here  went 
$100  a  ton.  Pieces  of  ore  found  in  the  old  dump 
show  visible  gold  very  freely  and  prove  the  value  of 
this  ore  shoot.  It  is  only  necessary  to  continue  this 
shaft  on  down  and  crosscut  to  get  the  same  shoot; 
and  when  sufficient  depth  is  attained  to  drift  north 
under  the  old  works,  and  get  the  north  shoot,  there 
is  a  large  area  of  virgin  ground,  and  the  Old  Soulsby 
only  needs  to  be  reopened  to  be  added  to  the  list  of 
the  big  mines  of  the  State. 

The  Oaks  Con..  C.  E.  Shafer,  superintendent; 
This  is  the  old  Black  Oak  mine.  The  present  owners 
have  reconstructed  the  hoist  and  mill,  and  every- 
thing indicates  that  the  mine  will  now  begin  a  chase 
to  show  what  there  is  in  it.  The  superintendent  is 
putting  down  the  shaft  on  a  nine-foot  vein,  carrying 
four  per  cent  of  high-grade  sulphurets  in  addition  to 
the  free  gold.  The  ten-stamp  mill  is  kept  dropping 
on  the  ore  taken  out  in  sinking  above.  Everything 
goes  to  show  that  this  mine  is  all  that  the  writer,  in 
the  past,  has  claimed  for  it. 

North  of  this  section  on  Sullivan  creek  is  the 
Bellview  or  Hyde  mine,  A.  M.  Mackdonald  superin- 
tendent. The  mill  of  ten  stamps  is  idle,  while  the 
shaft  is  being  put  down  200  feet  by  contract. 

Sonora. — This  is  a  very  pleasant  place  for  a  resi- 
lience; and  being  centrally  located,  makes  mining  in 
this  county  all  that  could  be  desired.  The  volume 
Of  business  in  Sonora  is  not  as  great  as  would  be  ex- 
pected from  the  extent  of  mining  and  agriculture. 
This  is  due  to  the  fact  that  all  the  old  camps,  which 
are  scattered  all  over  the  county,  have  large  stores 
that  do  a  thriving  business.  At  Sonora  the  Golden 
( Jate  is  still  in  the  hands  of  the  affable  receiver,  Mr. 
R.  B.  Lane,  pending  litigation.  The  shaft  is  now 
down  060  feet,  with  levels  run  800  feet  north  and  500 
feet  south.  The  veins'  value  is  almost  entirely  in 
the  sulphurets,  which  are  high  in  grade.  The  mine 
is  equipped  with  ten  stamps  and  chlorination  works, 
all  run  by  water  power.  The  Old  Bonanza  mine  has 
"  gone  out  of  bonanza,"  and  is  resting  on  its  laurels, 
while  the  lucky  superintendent,  D.  R.  Oliver,  is 
hunting  for  a  big  pocket  in  the  Oregon  mines.  The 
pocket  miners  are  at  work  throughout  the  county, 
but  of  late  have  struck  no  big  pockets. 

Jacksonville. — Mammoth  mine,  J.  P.  Bluett  super- 
intendent; This  property,  2200  feet  in  length  by 
300  in  width,  is  now  the  property  of  the  Mammoth 
Mining  Co.,  owners  of  the  Sierra  Buttes  mines.  The 
mine  is  situated  on  the  east  bank  of  Woods  creek, 
just  north  of  its  junction  with  the  Tuolumne  river. 
The  vein  is  the  mother  lode,  which  is  being  developed 
by  three  crosscut  tunnels,  the  lowest  of  which  will 
tap  the  vein  500  feet  deep.  In  one  of  the  tunnels  the 
vein  is  being  crosscut,  and  is  now  twenty  feet  wide 
and  the  wall  not  reached.  The  ore  shows  visible 
gold,  and  the  owners  are  feeling  very  good  over  their 
purchase.  A  mill  site  for  twenty  stamps  is  now  be- 
ing graded.  Additional  stamps  will  be  added  as  the 
mine  is  developed.  The  mine  has  its  own  water 
system,  and  the  future  looks  very  promising  for  this 
English  company,  which,  under  Mr.  Wm.  John's 
management,  have  steered  clear  of  the  breakers  that 
so  many  of  these  English  companies  wreck  on,  and  in 
their  Plumas-Eureka,  Sierra  Buttes,  Uncle  Sam  and 
now  Mammoth  have  some  of  the  best  mines  in  the 
State. 

Just  north  of  the  Mammoth,  on  the  Eagle  is  to  be 
found  one  of  the  strongest  croppings  on  the  mother 
lode  in  California.  It  is  remarkable  in  its  height, 
width  and  extent. 

Quarts  Mountain. — On  the  App  the  shaft  is  down 
825  feet,  with  drifts  run  225  feet  north  and  250  feet 
south.     The  drifts  are  now  being  extended. 

The  Miller  &  Holmes,  E.  A.  Stent,  superintendent: 
The  south  shaft  is  down  250  feet,  with  drifts  run 
north  and  south,  and  crosscuts  140  feet  west  and  108 
feet  east.  While  I  was  at  Quartz  Mountain  the 
superintendent  received  notice  that  the  mine  had 
been  taken  by  the  Napa  Quicksilver  Co. 

The  Golden  Rule,  O.  S.  Cressy  and  VV.  McGinn,  pro- 


prietors; The  shaft  is  now  down  200  feet  and  will  be 
put  down  to  L'aii  feet,  when  they  expect  to  strike  an 
old  shoot  that  milled  about  $10  a  ton  from  a  ten-foot 
vein.      The  mine  has  a  ten-stamp  mill. 

The  Juniper,  Hunt  &  Landers,  proprietors:  This 
property  has  just  been  taken  hold  of.  The  owners 
are  taking  the  water  out  of  the  old  I  10  foot  shaft. 
The  ore  from  this  shaft  is  said  to  have  milled  $14  . 
ton.  in  addition  to  the  pockets. 

The  Dutch,  A,  Trittenliaeh,  superintendent:  The 
drift  is  now  being  run  north  from  the  third  level  and 
is  in  about  sixty  feel  On  the  hanging  wall  of  the  east 
vein.  This  drift  will  cut  a  known  shoot  to  the  north 
in  about  forty  feet  more.  In  the  shaft  the  vein  is 
about  five  feet  wide  of  ore  that  samples  from  $31  to 
$42  a  ton.  The  Dutch  has  all  the  veins  of  the  mother 
lode  and  are  but  a  few  feet  apart  on  the  surface.  In 
addition,  there  are  a  number  of  feeders,  good,  big 
ledges  in  themselves,  coming  in  on  both  sides  that 
have  been  so  rich  that  they  were  worked  as  pocket 
veins.  It  is  only  a  question  of  development  with  this 
mine,  and  once  Mr.  Triltenbach  gets  his  property 
equipped  and  developed  as  he  has  planned,  the  Dutch 
will  be  the  peer  of  any  other  nationality,  for  "  it  has 
the  stuff  in  it."  All  of  the  mines  here  mentioned  are 
on  the  mother  lode. 

The  Pine  Ridge,  Stent  &  McDougal,  proprietors: 
This  mine  is  about  one  mile  west  of  the  mother  lode 
and  runs  east  and  west,  making  it  a  spur  or  feeder 
of  the  mother  lode.  The  vein  is  from  two  to  five  feet 
wide,  with  a  porphyry  hanging  wall  and  slate  foot 
wall.  The  shaft  is  now  down  eighty  feet.  All  the 
ore  taken  from  the  shaft  has  been  milled,  giving  $14 
to  $23  a  ton. 

Jamestown. — The  Gem  mine,  Henslee  Bros.,  propri- 
etors: This  property  is  better  known  as  the  Harris 
mine.  It  is  being  worked  by  an  open  cut  which, 
with  water  power,  enables  the  owners  to  mine  and 
mill  with  their  ten  stamps  for  $1.25  a  ton,  the  $5.50 
to  $7.50  ore  of  the  vein. 

The  Crystalline:  This  property  is  being  developed 
under  bond  by  the  Black  Oak  Co.  They  have  a  cross- 
cut in  and  drifts  run  on  the  lode. 

Leaving  the  Crystalline,  you  drive  north  over  the 
mother  lode  to  the  summit  of  a  hill,  where,  looking 
down,  the  Rawhide  mine  with  its  numerous  red  build- 
ings spreads  out  like  a  panorama  below  you  and 
suggests  a  military  post  or  State  institution  in  the 
extent,  uniformity  of  color,  design  and  general  neat- 
ness of  the  entire  plant.  The  mill  I  have  described 
before;  suffice  it  to  say  that  it  is  a  model  in  every 
detail  and  is  a  credit  to  the  millwright  who  designed 
and  constructed  it.  Since  my  last  visit  a  chlorina- 
tion plant  of  three  tons  a  day  capacity  has  been 
erected.  This,  too,  is  a  model  in  every  way,  particu- 
larly in  its  trim,  well  kept  appearance.  The  hoist  is 
in  keeping  with  the  rest  of  the  plant,  while  the 
large  boarding  house  with  its  porches  filled  with 
geraniums  in  bloom  suggests  more  a  summer  resort 
than  the  customary  barren  mining  plant.  The 
affable  superintendent,  Mr.  Nevills,  informs  me  that 
the  shaft  is  being  sunk  to  the  600-foot  level,  while 
drifts  have  been  run  250  feet  north  and  south.  The 
east  vein  averages  ten  feet  in  width,  while  on  the 
west  a  forty-five  foot  crosscut  has  not  reached  the 
walls.  This  mine  has  the  reputation  of  producing 
the  richest  ore  of  any  mine  in  the  State;  but,  like 
other  owners  of  good  mines,  Mr.  Nevills  regrets  that 
it  is  not  policy  to  say  anything  about  the  ore  values; 
and  so  while  mining  assessments,  failures  and  frauds 
are  glaringly  advertised  the  good  mines  of  the  State 
are  forced  to  keep  their  product  to  themselves,  and 
in  consequence  the  capitalists  on  the  outside  assert 
that  more  money  has  gone  into  than  has  ever  come 
out  of  the  mines,  judging  from  what  they  see 
printed. 

The  Rawhide  No.  2  :  This  mine  is  the  property  of 
Mr.  A.  Hayward  and  adjoins  the  Rawhide  on  the 
south.  Mr.  W.  Garrard,  of  the  Gold  Cliff  mine  at 
Angels,  has  recently  put  down  a  shaft  on  the  north 
end  of  this  mine  and  quietly  remarks  that  "  She  only 
wants  a  shaft  600  feet  to  make  her  the  equal  of  the 
Rawhide." 

The  Rappahannock,  R.  Chute,  superintendent  : 
This  mine  adjoins  the  Rawhide  on  the  north.  It  is 
equipped  with  a  good  steam  hoist  and  the  shaft  is 
now  down  125  feet  in  the  footwall.  The  vein  in  the 
air  shaft  prospects  very  satisfactorily  and  makes 
Mr.  Chute  confident  that  he  has  but  to  get  there  to 
get  it.  Several  mines  to  the  north  have  recently 
been  bonded  and  work  will  soon  be  commenced. 

The  Darrow  mine,  Darrow  Bros,  and  Whitney, 
proprietors  :  This  mine  is  about  three-fourths  of  a 
mile  northeast  of  the  Rawhide  and  about  1200  feet 
east  of  the  Rawhide  vein.  The  mine  has  been  worked 
off  and  on  for  the  past  thirty  years  and  was  once 
incorporated  for  $1,500,000.  During  the  past  year 
$19,000  was  taken  out  by  the  expenditure  of  about 
$300.  The  vein  is  a  mixture  of  slate  and  quartz 
about  ten  feet  wide,  and  carries  three  per  cent  of 
sulphurets  that  assay  $100  a  ton.  The  owners  put 
the  average  milling  value  of  the  vein  at  $10  a  ton. 
They  have  now  erected  a  water-power  hoist  and  will 
proceed  to  develop  the  mine.  In  clearing  out  the  old 
shaft  it  became  necessary  to  put  a  shaft  into  the 
footwall.  This  shaft  threw  out  quartz  which  is  just 
lousy  with  gold." 

Tutthtnwit.—  The  old  Pat  Mullen  mine,  just  south- 
west of  Tuttletown,  has  been  secured   by  Mr.  E.  C. 


Loftus  of  the  Golden  Gate  mine.     He  is  engaged  in 

driving  a   tunnel  from  Mormon  creek  and  shows  vei\ 
handsome  rock;  it  is  good  for  a  line  property. 

I  Yank  i ;  rass  and  Williams  are  also  starting  a  tun- 
nel ,.u  their  mine  on  the  west  branch  of  the  mother 
lode. 

The  writer  has  endeavored  several  times  to  secure 
a  map  showing  the  situation  of  the  various  mines. 
the  different  mineral  belts  and  the  geology  of  the 
county,  but  has  failed.  In  the  higher  elevations  are 
the  Sugar  Pine  mines.  These  were  worked  exten- 
sively years  ago  and  were  very  rich.  Below  them 
follows  the  belt  in  tin'  I  lead  Horse  group.  Adjoin- 
ing come  the  cross  veins  in  the  Cherokee  belt;  then 
the  Soulsbyville  granite  belt,  while  to  the  north  are 
the  Keltz,  Ham  &  Birney,  and  other  mines  in  the 
slate.  Still  on  west  is  the  Sonora  belt,  with  the 
Golden  Gate  mine.  To  the  south  and  north,  extend- 
ing to  Columbia,  is  the  pocket  belt  in  the  dykes  and 
slates  adjoining  the  limestone  belt.  Lower  down  and 
west  the  mother  lode  enters  the  county  from  Mari- 
posa county  at  Jacksonville,  and  follows  across  to 
Quartz  Mountain,  Jamestown,  Rawhide,  Tuttletown, 
and  crosses  into  Calaveras  county  at  Robinson's 
Perry.  In  the  vicinity  of  Tuttletown  are  numerous 
pocket  veins  on  Jackass  Hill  that  have,  in  the  aggre- 
gate yielded  large  amounts.  In  pocket  mining  Tuol- 
umne has  stood  at  the  head,  with  a  production  of 
$3,000,000  from  the  Bonanza  in  pockets.  West  of  the 
mother  lode  are  several  strong  ledges,  while  numer- 
ous feeders  cross  the  country  through  this  talc  and 
serpentine  slate  belt.  As  will  be  seen,  the  county 
is  traversed  by  succeeding  mineralized  belts  that  ex- 
tend from  the  plains  to  the  higher  altitudes  in  the 
mountains,  giving  it  an  extent  of  mineralized  country 
not  equalled  by  any  county  in  the  State,  thus  assur- 
ing the  mining  future  of  the  county. 

The  mines  in  operation  and  those  in  course  of  de- 
velopment will  soon  need  an  increased  water  system, 
and  the  present  ditch  owners  should  awaken  from 
their  Rip  Van  Winkle  sleep  to  the  condition  of  the 
present  and  prospects  for  the  near  future.  There  is 
nowhere  a  safer,  more  profitable  or  desirable  invest- 
ment than  the  purchase  and  increase  of  this  water 
system.  As  you  leave  Tuolumne  _the  last  stopping 
place  is  the  Chicken  House  at  Tuttletown,  where  all 
mining  men  find  an  excuse  for  stopping.  No  matter 
how  bad  the  weather,  unfavorable  the  ventures  or 
churlish  the  treatment  received  elsewhere,  one  meal 
of  the  delicious  fried  chicken  served  here  blots  out  all 
else  and  the  traveler  journeys  on,  singing  "Here's  to 
Old  Tuolumne,  and  may  her  gold  output  and  chickeu 
crop  never  grow  less."  E,  H.  Schaepfle. 

Murphys,  Cal.,  Dec.  19,  1894. 

Quicksilver. 


California  has  the  only  important  quicksilver 
mines  on  the  American  continent,  but  this  industry 
in  late  years  has  had  to  contend  with  a  number  of 
unfavorable  factors.  The  unprecedented  decline  in 
the  value  of  silver  bullion,  and  the  consequent  re- 
striction of  mining  operations,  greatly  curtailed  the 
demand;  and  the  loss  of  the  China  trade,  for  many 
years  the  chief  support  of  the  quicksilver  market, 
was  also  a  serious  setback  to  one  of  California's  most 
important  industries. 

When  a  large  number  of  deposits  were  being 
worked  in  this  State,  and  the  output  resulted  in  low 
prices,  California  successfully  outbid  London  for  the 
trade  with  the  Orient.  But  as  the  price  of  quick- 
silver declined  to  a  point  at  which  many  of  the  small 
mines  could  not  be  profitably  worked,  the  list  was 
narrowed  down  and  the  annual  yield  fell  off  consid- 
erably. With  a  more  limited  yield,  however,  and 
such  demands  as  were  made  on  producers  from  New 
York,  etc.,  the  market  recovered  to  some  extent. 

The  average  price  in  1880  was  $31  per  flask,  de- 
clining to  $27,25  in  1883,  and  advancing  to  $53.25  in 
1890.     The  present  current  rate  is  $37. 

The  largest  annual  production  was  79,396  flasks, 
in  1877,  and  the  largest  number  exported  by  sea  and 
overland  was  in  1879,  being  62,845.  The  highest 
price  on  record  iu  the  San  Francisco  markets  was 
$1.55  per  pound,  in  1874-5,  and  the  lowest  was  33 
cents  in  1879. 

In  November,  1874,  a  contract  was  made  for  the 
monthly  delivery  of  400  flasks  for  one  year  to  the 
Bonanza  mines  at  $1.50  per  pound. 

There  was  an  increase  in  the  export  trade  during- 
the  year.  There  were  3346  more  flasks  exported  iu 
'94  than  in  '93,  but  the  value  in  '94  was  but  $541,380 
as  against  $581,616  in  '93,  the  prices  having  been 
lower  last  year. 

The  exports  of  the  year  were  distributed  as  follows: 

To—                                                                                Flasks.  Value. 

NewYorl< 8,120  $24,'l.iilKi 

China                4,600  13K,l«n 

Australia 100  3,000 

New  Zealand 10  300 

Central  America 804  24,120 

Mexico J.161  124,830 

British  Columliia 16  1,380 

Canada 200       .         6,000 

Japan 5  150 

Totals 18,046  $541,380 

A  recapitulation  of  the  shipments  by  both  sea  and 
rail  during  the  year  is  as  follows: 

Flasks.  Value, 

Uvsea .  18,046  $541,3811 

By  raj]  10.933  395,400 

Totals.     .  28,9711  (936,780 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  5,  189s. 


Scientific  Progress. 


A  Chemical  Curiosity. 


Among  the  various  uses  to  which 
electricity  has  been  put  since  its  cheap 
production  by  the  modern  "dynamo" 
has  been  secured  is  the  reduction  of 
metallic  ores  or  compounds  in  one  or 
another  form  of  the  "  electric  furnace." 
The  production  of  aluminum  on  a  large 
commercial  scale  is  the  oldest  and  best 
known  of  these.  There  are,  however, 
several  cases  in  which  the  separation 
of  the  single  element  is  not  secured 
even  in  the  electric  furnace,  but  in 
which  the  element  desired,  while  part- 
ing with  its  former  companions,  insists 
upon  a  substitute,  and  takes  the  same 
from  the  carbon  electrodes  or  lining  of 
the  furnace,  or  from  eai-bon  mixed  with 
it.  This  is  l  he  case  in  the  manufacture 
of  "carborundum,"  which  is  a  com- 
pound of  silicon  and  carbon,  formed  by 
heating  silica  and  carbon  powder  in  an 
electric  furnace.  This  compound  has 
reached  a  large  commercial  application, 
by  reason  of  its  extreme  hardness, 
which  makes  it  a  very  superior  substi- 
tute for  emery  or  corundum,  as  a  cut- 
ting and  polishing  material.  The  latest 
development  in  this  direction,  however, 
is  seen  in  the  calcium  carbide,  which  is 
prepared  by  heating  in  an  electric  fur- 
nace a  mixture  of  lime  and  coal  dust. 
The  metallic  calcium  liberated  by  the 
action  goes  at  once  into  combination 
with  carbon  to  form  a  carbide,  which  is 
a  mineral  body  of  remarkable  proper- 
ties. 

In  appearance,  when  in  masses,  it 
somewhat  resembles  the  mineral  ser- 
pentine, being  of  a  greenish-gray  color 
and  crystalline  fracture,  with  a  luster 
like  feldspar.  If  a  few  drops  of  water 
are  thrown  on  this  mass  of  seeming 
rock,  gas  is  given  off,  which,  if  ignited, 
burns  with  a  brilliant  flame;  and,  by 
continuing  from  time  to  time  to 
sprinkle  the  rock  with  water,  it  will  be 
made  to  blaze  continuously  as  though 
it  was  being  sprinkled  with  some  very 
volatile  and  inflammable  oil.  If  a  frag- 
ment of  the  mineral  is  thrown  into  a 
glass  of  water,  a  rapid  evolution  of  gas 
results,  which  may  be  ignited,  and 
will  continue  to  burn  until  the  mineral 
is  exhausted.  The  cause  of  these 
actions  is  that  the  calcium  carbide  in 
contact  with  water  forms  calcium  oxide 
and  acetylene  gas,  the  oxygen  of  the 
water  combining  with  the  calcium  to 
form  calcic  oxide  or  lime,  and  the 
hydrogen  of  the  water  combining  with 
the  carbon  to  form  acetylene.  It  is 
proposed  to  use  this  calcium  carbide 
for  local  gas  machines.  A  charge  of 
the  mineral  is  placed  in  a  closed  vessel 
into  which  a  regulated  supply  of  water 
is  admitted.  A  little  water  entering 
forms  a  quantity  of  gas  whose  pres- 
sure shuts  off  the  water;  but,  as  the 
gas  is  used  up,  more  water  comes  in  to 
renew  the  supply.  What  may  be  the 
commercial  value  of  this  material 
cannot  be  at  present  determined,  but  it 
is  certainly  a  great  chemical  curiosity. 


Four   Hundred   Degrees  Below 
Zero. 


Four  hundred  and  twenty-four  de- 
grees Fahrenheit  below  zero !  Just 
what  this  means  it  is  almost  impossible 
to  imagine,  and  yet  it  is  one  of  the 
temperatures  which  have  been  reached 
and  used  in  laboratory  research,  and 
has  been  made,  the  subject  of  some 
highly  interesting  experiments  and  ex- 
planations by  Prof.  Dewar  before  the 
British  Royal  Institution.  Four  hun- 
dred degrees  below  zero  is  not  an  every- 
day temperature,  nor  can  it  be  reached 
by  more  every-day  means  than  the  ex- 
pansion of  liquid  air,  which  latter  Prof. 
Dewar  has  succeeded  in  producing  in 
comparatively  large  quantities,  and  in 
storing  by  novel  and  ingenious  methods, 
to  be  used  as  required  in  the  study  of 
matter  at  abuormally  low  temperature, 
exactly  as  a  spirit  iamp  or  a  Bunsen 
burner  is  used  in  studying  the  proper- 
ties of  different  bodies  at  the  higher 
temperatures. 

The  tensile  strength  of  iron  at  400 
degrees  below  zero  is  just  twice  what 
it  is  at  60  degrees  above.  It  will  take 
a  strain  of  sixty  instead  of  thirty  tons 


to  the  square  inch,  and  equally  curious 
results  have  come  out  as  to  the  elonga- 
tion of  metals  under  these  conditions. 
It  was  an  idea  of  Faraday  that  the 
magnetism  in  a  permanent  magnet 
would  be  increased  at  very  low  tem- 
peratures, and  experiments  with  com- 
paratively low  temperatures  had  i-ather 
negatived  Faraday's  suggestion,  but 
Prof.  Dewar  has  completely  verified 
the  opinion  of  the  famous  savant,  hav- 
ing shown  that  a  magnet  at  the  ex- 
tremely low  temperature  made  possi- 
ble by  the  liquid  air  had  its  power  in- 
creased by  about  50  per  cent.  Very 
low  temperature  was  shown  also  to 
have  a  remarkable  effect  upon  the  color 
of  many  bodies.  For  example,  the 
brilliant  scarlet  of  vermilion  and  mer- 
curic iodide  is  reduced,  under  its  influ- 
ence to  a  pale  orange,  the  original 
color  returning  with  the  rise  of  the 
temperature.  Blues,  on  the  other 
hajd,  are  unaffected  by  cold,  and  the 
effect  is  comparatively  small  upon  or- 
ganic coloring  in  matters  of  all  tints. — 
Cassier's  Magaziue. 

The  New  Constituent  of  the  Air. 


Lord  Rayleigh's  curious  discovery  is 
that  the  gas  obtained  by  taking  vapor 
of  water,  carbonic  acid,  and  oxygen 
from  common  air  is  denser  by  w lw  than 
nitrogen  obtained  by  chemical  processes 
from  nitric  oxide,  or  from  nitrous  oxide, 
or  ammonium  nitrite,  thereby  render- 
ing it  probable  that  atmospheric  air 
is  a  mixture  of  nitrogen  and  a  small 
proportion  of  some  unknown  and 
heavier  gas.  Rayleigh  and  Ramsey 
(who  joined  in  the  work  at  this  stage) 
have  since  succeeded  in  isolating  the 
new  gas,  both  by  removing  nitrogen 
from  common  air  by  Cavendish's  old 
process  of  passing  electric  sparks 
through  it,  and  taking  away  the  ni- 
trous compouuds  thus  produced  by 
alkaline  liquor;  and  by  absorption  by 
metallic  magnesium.  From  this  occur- 
rence Lord  Kelvin  deduces  "a  fresh 
and  most  interesting  verification  of  a 
statement  which  I  took  occasion  1o 
make  in  my  presidential  address  to  the 
British  Association  in  1871:  '  Accurate 
and  minute  measurement  seems  to  the 
non-scientific  imaginartion  a  less  lofty 
and  dignified  work  than  looking  for 
something  new.  But  nearly  all  the 
grandest  discoveries  of  science  have 
been  but  the  rewards  of  accurate 
measurement  and  patient,  long-con- 
tinued labor  in  the  minute  sifting  of 
numerical  results.'  The  investigation 
of  the  new  gas  is  now  being  carried  on 
vigorously,  and  has  already  led  to  the 
wonderful  conclusion  that  the  gas  does 
not  combine  with  any  other  chemical 
substance  which  has  hitherto  been  pre- 
sented to  it." 


A    Big    Copper     Deal     Predicted. 


Chicago  advices  say :  An  inter- 
national deal  in  copper  is  likely  to  be 
perfected  soon.  Ever  since  the  smash- 
up  of  the  great  corner  in  copper  which 
was  created  by  a  French  and  Euglish 
syndicate  three  years  ago  speculators 
have  been  figuring  how  to  put  through 
some  such  scheme.  This  time  it  is  a 
combination  of  French  capital  which 
will  engineer  the  scheme.  Represen- 
tatives of  the  combine  were  in  Chicago 
several  days  ago  and  were  joined  here 
by  John  Dempter  of  Glasgow.  Arthur 
Turnbull  of  New  York,  who  is  inter- 
ested in  the  American  end  of  the  deal, 
also  came  on  here,  and  yesterday  this 
party  left  for  the  West.  Their  mission, 
it  is  said,  is  to  confer  with  the  owners 
of  the  immense  Montana  and  Arizona 
properties. 

The  scheme  of  the  syndicate  is  to 
get  the.  owners  to  cut  in  two  the  out- 
put and  not  exceed  5,000,000  pounds  a 
month.  This  would  bring  down  the 
figures  of  the  Anaconda  properties  to 
those  of  the.  Hecla  and  Calumet  mines. 
All  the  arrangements  have  been  made 
for  the  carrying  out  of  the  deal,  and  it 
only  remains  for  Marcus  Daly  to  give 
his  consent.  He  is  a  difficult  man  to 
deal  with,  but  the  promoters  profess 
to  believe  that  they  can  afford  tcoffer 
a  big  inducement. 


A  thoroughly  competent  Amalgamator  wants  a 
position  where  mine  and  mill  assaying  is  required. 
References  given.    Address  Box  D,  this  office. 


Professional  Cards. 


WM,  GILBERT,  B.  S..  Manager. 

PRACTICAL     ENGINEERING     SCHOOL, 

205  Goodnough  B'ld'g,  Portland,  Or. 

)  Civil.    Electrical,    Steam,    Mining-,    Assaying-. 
»  Full  charge  of  plant  taught.    Circular. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.  N.  JEHU,    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

I  638  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco.  ] 

Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

1  Ore  Assays,   Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


/\.  GOOFMER, 

Practical     Metallurgist, 

c  Nevada  Road,  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  Co.  Cal. 

J     Assaying  in  all  its  branches.    Strange  looking  £ 
Jminerals  examined  and  value  determined. 
)    Gold,  Silver  and  Lead  Ores  bought  on  asBay. 
)     Agent    for   Selby  Smelting  &  Lead  Co.,    Sa 
(Francisco. 


>  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  J 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering:. 

i  Surveying.  Architecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying. ' 

723  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR. 
A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN.  President. 

<  Assaying  of  Ores,  §25;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  t 
Assay.  $25;  Blowpipe  Assny,  $10.  Full  Course  | 
of  Assaying.  $50.  Established  18(54. 
— ■  Send  for  Circular. 


ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING, 
[  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco.  J 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
1  ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  < 
1  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest  t 
1  in  Developed  Mines. 

Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  i 
.  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent  j 
,  instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
practical  scale. 


!  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LTJCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

t  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
i  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)    MADE. 

i  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  i 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  < 
ores. 

i  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


i  Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 


'Consulting  Associate  Mining 
Law." 


Attorney  at 


Will  examine  and  report  upon  "Title  and 
Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
estly given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street, 

Tacoma.  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


F^OR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  iron,  lead  lined. 
1  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time.    For  sale 
cheap.    Address        L.  C  S.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Office,  S.  p. 


Tuolumne  Mining  Bureau, 

Sonora,  Cal. 

Developed  anr1.  undeveloped  mines  for  sale  at 
lowest  possible  prices,  for  cash  or  bund.  Cor- 
respondence and  personal  interviews  solicited. 

Assay  office  attached. 

o.  c.  WILBUR  &  co. 


WELLMACHINERYworts 


LIGHTNING  I 

LARGEST      .  . 

All  kinds  of  tool*.  Fortune  for  the  driller  by  using  our 
Adamnntine  process;  can  takeacore.  Perf ected Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pumping  Rlirs  to  work  by  Steam.  Air,  etc 
LetUflhelpT«ii.  THE  A11EKIGAN  tfELLWOBkS, 
Ayron,    III)    tblcftvo,  Ill.i     Uuliai,  Tei. 


! RUPTURE! 

IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia — commonly  called 
rupture— was  incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  is  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  86  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  Held  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  in  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
caBe  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


HENDRIC& 
B0LTH0FF 
MFfjXO. 
DENVER 

colo: 


MILLING 


SUPPLIES 


\mm 


Business 
34  PoBt  Street, 


College, 

San  Francisco 


FOR  SEVENTY -FIVE  DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  In  Shorthand.  Tvpe- Writing 
Bookkeeping:,  Telegraphy.  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  es'abllshed  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  iB  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


ACTUAL  BUSINESS  PRACTICE. 


Rates  of  Tuition  Very  Moderate. 

Bookkeeping,  Penmanship,  Shorthand,  Typewrit- 
ing. English  Branches,  etc.  Graduates  aided  [n  get- 
ting positions.  Send  for  circulars.  T.  A.  ROBINSON. 

President. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,O 

— Manufacturers  of — 

STEAn  ENGINES,  BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 
♦    -f    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IV  <«=  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

A  Third  Edition  off  Selected  Portions    off  the 
"Explorers',  Miners'  and  Metal- 
lurgists' Companion." 

By  J.  S.  PHILLIPS.  M.  E. 

The  work  is  divided  into  four  parts— Rocks. Veins. 
Testing  and  Assaying.  The  geological  chapters  are 
intended  to  give  miners  a  practical  idea  of  the 
various  formations.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins 
are  derived  from  long  observation,  and  the  section 
on  exploration  has  been  carefully  considered.  All 
that  relates  to  discrimination  and  assay  has  been 
kept  as  free  from  formulas  as  possible.  The  work 
is  written  for  practical  men.  and  all  the  explana- 
tions and  dlscrlptlons  are  clear  and  to  the  point.  It 
is  so  prepared  that  it  is  useful  to  uneducated  men 
as  well  as  scientists. 

Price  ?ti.OO  postpaid.  Sold  by  THE  MINING  AND 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco 


January  6,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


MIINIING 


inn  ..m  i-  Aw  uu>bi>.    Courses  Inoihorti 

Ualhomatlca  and 
Send  for  FREE  Circular,  staling  aubjeci 

you  wish  toatudy.toThe  Correspond ■**  School 

«»i  Mini--.  Scrmnf Pa. 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

410Hontgom6ry  street,  Sim  Franolaco, 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 


Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,     LEAD     PIPE,     SHEET     LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN     CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

TWin©  and  mill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  05  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 

<*y--j4     We  would  oall  the  attention  ^ss==^s~:^ 
i     of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Mia- tjCM.C.cQj 

lng  Companies,  Milling  Com-  \n^^7erA/ 
panies,   Prospectors,  etc.,    to     V: ' fc"ry 
■     our   full    stock   of   Balances.  -^ 

|      Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scoriflers,  etc., 
|      including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 
§  Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 

y      supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
I      on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
il     our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as    to   quality  and 
price. 
,     Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.     Also  for  E.  G.  Dennlston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.     The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and    full    weight   of   Silver    guaranteed.     Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.    Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


t    * 


t 


►  f  CARBONS" 
BLACK    DIAMONDS)  ^!» 
FOB  ^ 

DIAMOND  DRILLS. 


S.  D.  DESSAU, 

IMPORTED. 

4&  6  John  St.,    4 
Mew  York,. 

*   4 


GIANT     POWDER     FUSE     CAP    FASTENER. 


The  instrument  presented  in  the  above  cut  la  a 
new  and  grand  little  invention:  being:  designed  to 
Rave  life  and  limb,  and  Innumerable  lawmiits,  by 
doing  away  with  the  d.mtrei-ous  operation  of  digging 
out  wet  and  unexploded  loads,  where  Giant  Powder 
is  used  in  mining.  The  instrument  is  made  of  the 
finest  cast  steel,  and  crimps  the  cap  on  the  end  of 
the  fuse  firmly  and  absolutely  watertight.  There  ia 
also  a  Fuse  Cutter  attached.  Price  75c.  each. 
MOODEY  &  SHERWOOD   Fresno,  Cal. 

W.    H.    Birch    &    CO.   (Incorporated) 

Manufacturers  of 
Passenger  and  Freight  Elevators, 
Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Improved  Corliss  Engines, 
Mining  Machinery, 

Cable  Railway  Machinery. 

119  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


The  Ideal  Steam  Oil  Refiner 

FOR    STEAM     POWER    PLANTS. 

The  Purity  Oil  Filter 


K(J1!    WATER    POWER     PLANTS. 


Will  reclaim  your  waste  ml  and  make  I'  eojn»l  :n,.i in  better  iiiiiu  new  oil.    will  ceduoe  vour  oil 

bills  SO  per  cent  end  suve  »our  bearings,    in  use  with  the  largest  and  best  plants  everywhere  ' 
For  prioea  and  particulars,  address 

D.    m.    OOUB,    137  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Mining  Machinery. 


STAMP   BATTERIES. 


Corliss  and  Meyer  Cut-off 

Steam    Engines. 

Improved 

BlakeRock  Breakers. 

Amalgamating:  Pans 
and  Settlers. 

CHLOR1NATION  BARRELS. 

BRUCKNER    ROASTING    CYLINDERS. 

f  VULCAN  ♦ 


WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135  to  145  Fremont  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 


Van  Drake  &  Taylor, 

MACHINISTS 

AND 

MECHANICAL  ENGINEERS, 
523  and  525  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


£  SPUR,  BEVEL  AND  WORM  GEARS, 

ANY  SIZE.  CUT  TO  ORDER, 
FROM  ONE-EIGHTH  INCH  TO-SOUR  FT.  DIAMETER. 


■a      PATENT  MODELS   and   Experimental  Machinery 
of  all  kinds. 
SHAFTING,  PULLEYS  and  BOXES. 
ENGINES  and  BOILERS. 


DRAWINGS,  PLANS  and  SPECIFICATIONS  made 

for  new  machinery. 
JOBBING  of  every  description  promptly  attended  to. 

FINE  WORKMANSHIP  GUARANTEED. 
Also    Pacific    Coast    Agents    for    the    SHARPLES 

CREAM  SEPARATORS. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
hew  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  'Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL& CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 


220  Market  St, 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  oapi- 
tal  cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  h  ive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.    The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 

practice  before  flic  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of  i       T¥_-  r,.,,,™,  ,      tvt./-\/-»t*oo     /-«/-. 
determining  the  patentability  or  inventions  brought  before  us-    enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will  J    IHH    RUSSfcLL    ltvOCnSo    LL)B. 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.    Circulars  and      *****    **ww  \      vwtyv    wm 

ajjvice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage,    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.F.  I  Paris  city,  Xltnh, 


Kose's  Complete  Practical  M 


acMiiist. 


19th  EDITION  GREATLY  ENLARGED. 


JUST     RErtDY. 

The    Complete  Practical  Macl 81:    Embraolnir 

Lathe  Work,  Vise  Work  Drills  and  Drilling,  Taps 

Hardening  and  Tempering,  Tlie  Making 

and  Dae  o(  Toole,  Tool  Orlndlng,  Harking  oul  Work 

Machine  Poola,  etc,    By  Joshua  BoBe,  M.  B..autlior 

01       Ml-clianleal     Urawliif   Sell    Taut-fit.'     "Modern 

Steam  Engines,"  "Steam  Bollera,  "  The  Slide 
valve."  "Pattern  Maker's  Assistant."  Illus- 
trated In  896  (Miirravli.t-s.  mil,  edition,  groailv  en- 
larged, wiih  n,u  and  valuable  matter,  uhno.  .mm 
pages.  Price,  •2.50.  itriimll,  free  of  postage, 
to  any  address  In  I  he  world. 

Agsrru ..minis,  -chapterl.  OutilmtToola 

for  L.illieM  and  Pla B  Maehims     ii.  Cutting  Spei  d 

andFeed.  in.  Boring  Tools  (or  Lathe  Work.  iv. 
Screw  Cutting  Tools,  v  Lathe  Dogs,  Carriers  or 
Drivers.  VI.  Turning  Eccentrics.  Vll.  Hand  Turn- 
ing, vm.  Drilling  In  the  Lathe.  IX.  Boring  Bars 
X.  Slotting  Machine  Tools.  XI.  Twist  Drills,  xn. 
' Steel,    xiii.  Taps  and  Dies.    XIV.  Vise  Work: 

'I', ?■      XV.    Fitting  Cutting   Itnds.     XVI.    Milling 

Machines  and  Billing  Tools.  XVII.  Grindstone  and 
I.... i  Grinding,  xvi  1 1.  Lining  or  Harking  oul  Work. 

XIX.  Machine  Tools.    XX.  To  0) ate  the  s 

of  Wheels.  Pulleys,  Etc.     XXI.  How   to  Set  a   Slide 

Valve,    xxii.  Pumps,    index. 

r***  Price  S2.S0  by  mail,  fret  of  pottage,  to  anv  address 
in  the  world. 

:  r  A  circular  of  4 pages,  with  specimens  ><t  tin  Illus- 
trations, showing  the  full  Table  of  Oontents,  aall  /»■  Km! 
.in,  to  any  onefumieMng  hie  address, 

1ST  Our  New  and  Enlarged  Catduigueof  Practical  anrt 
s, „„i, in-  Books,  'a  pages,  m-l.  end  our  other  Catalogues, 
tltc  whole  covering  every  branch  vj  Science  applied  In  the 
Arte,  sent  free  ana  free  of  postage  to  any  one  In  nnu  pari 
hi  tin'  world  who  will  furnish  ».*  iriiii  hi*  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

INDI'STIUAI.  PlIll.lSUiaiS.BnoKSia.I.KKS.tlMeiilM  l.lis 

Kin  Walnut  St..  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  V.  S.  A. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 


THAOE   MARK. 


iWCABTHUR-FORHEST  PH0C£l© 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -         £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  unbeatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  US  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  New  York. 

CYANIDE 

-OF- 

POTASSIUM, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  Other  Chemicals. 


Trade  Mark 


ISH 

-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN. 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


^ —  Pioneer  Screen  Works 
W  JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel.  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Braes  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

^ MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

221  and  323  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ SCREENS 

A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  i 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beaie  St.,  S.  F. 

BfRussell  Process. 


For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 


10 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  5,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

The  Kennedy— Jackson  District.— Record : 
Superintendent  Parks  of  the  Kennedy  is  a 
great  prospector.  He  constantly  has  men  at 
work  opening  up  new  ground  and  prospecting 
the  ledge,  no  matter  how  well  the  mine  may 
be  paying  at  the  time.  The  south  shaft  has 
been  "sunk  200  feet  recently,  making  it  now 
1750  feet  with  a  seventy  foot  sump,  vertical 
depth  or  nearly  2500  feet  length  of  shaft. 
Sinking  is  soon  to  be  commenced  at  the  north 
shaft  to  carry  it  down  200  feet,  that  is  to  the 
same  depth  as  the  south  shaft.  During  the 
past  week  some  repairs  to  the  north  shaft 
preparatory  to  beginning  sinking  have  tied  up 
the  north  skips  and  the  greatest  portion  of  the 
work  has  been  done  at  the  south  shaft.  As 
soon  as  the  sinking  is  completed  at  the  north 
shaft  they  will  crosscut  to  the  ledge,  connect- 
ing the  crosscuts  by  a  drift.  The  additional 
depth  of  the  Kennedy  shaft  makes  it  the 
deepest  mine  working  on  the  mother  lode,  and 
probably  the  deepest  in  the  State. 
Trinity. 

Chloride  Quartz  Mill  Crushed.— James 
and  Charles  Gilzean  have  leased  the  Bailey 
mines  at  Dedrick  and  intended  to  stop  at  the 
mines  and  work  through  the  winter,  but  gave 
it  up  as  the  snow  was  getting  too  deep  and 
was  sliding  in  all  directions.  All  around  the 
cabins  the  snow  was  eight  to  ten  feet  deep.  On 
the  20th  ult.  says  the  Journal  a  snow  slide 
started  across  the  creek,  surged  up  the  hill 
and  struck  the  little  house  covering  the  Pelton 
water  wheel  which  runs  the  Chloride  quartz 
mill,  knocking  that  down.  The  mill  itself 
then  fell  but  did  not  slide.  The  snow 
covered  everything  but  the  mill  was  not  much 
injured.  This  is  the  third  time  that  this  mill 
has  been  wrecked  by  snow.  Once  at  Dead- 
wood  when  Ballou  owned  it  and  once  in  the 
winter  of  '91  and  '92,  when  a  snow  slide  swept 
it  from  its  present  site  and  spread  it  along  the 
creek  and  ravine  for  a  mile. 

ARIZONA. 

Cherry  Creek.—  Courier:  D.  E.  Dumas  has 
been  in  town  for  the  past  few  days  paying  out 
money  made  from  ore  which  he  arras traed  from 
his  gold  claims  on  Cherry  creek.  The  ore 
yielded  §25  per  ton  and  the  concentrates  con- 
tain at  least  $100  or  more  per  ton.  A  concen- 
trator is  badly  needed  for  that  camp.  He  has 
a  vein  of  from  two  or  three  feet  of  pay  ore  in 
his  mines.  Three  quartz  mills  will  probably 
soon  be  in  operation  on  the  creek.  The  De 
Kuhn  mill,  leased  by  Major  "Watts,  the  Conger 
mill  and  the  Barshaw  mill. 

Messrs.  Sines  and  Smith  have  struck  it  rich 
in  their  Cherry  mine  and  have  exposed,  near 
the  surface,  a'pav  streak  twenty  inches  wide 
which  pans  not  less  that  $200  per  ton  gold.  A 
shipment  of  several  tons  of  ore  from  the  mine 
is  now  at  the  sampler. 

Tin  Mine.— Cap.  .Tones,  a  prospector,  has  lo- 
cated a  tin  mine  125  miles  from  Yuma  and 
fifteen  miles  from  the  Colorado  river.  The 
ore  is  a  grayish  black  and  specimens  sent  to 
various  cities  show  that  the  ore  is  about  ten 
per  cent  tin.  The  Temeseal  mines  run  one 
and  one-half  per  cent  tin.  The  ore  lies  in  a 
bed,  apparently  of  several  hundred  acres,  and 
appears  to  have  slid  down  a  mountain.  It  is 
mixed  with  red  and  yellow  oxides,  and  is 
covered  with  layers  of  quartz  and  talque. 

ALASKA. 

At  Seward  City,  the  additional  twenty 
stamps  are  finished.  The  Bear  mine  tunnel 
has  been  driven  135  feet,  and  has  now  310  feet 
more  to  go  to  tap  the  ledge  at  a  point  about 
300  feet  under  the  old  workings.  A  winze  is 
being  sunk  on  the  ledge  to  connect  the  two 
tunnels  run  formerly  by  the  German  company 
in  the  Bear  mine,  and  the  ore  has  increased 
in  grade. 

At  the  Comet  mine  the  bottom  level  is 
driven  ahead  continually  in  high-grade  ore 
that  assays  more  than  that  taken  from  the  top 
levels.  One  hundred  feet  from  the  face  of  the 
bottom  level  a  crosscut  is  going  ahead  to  tap 
Comet  ledge  No.  2,  located  farther  up  the  hill. 
This  will  furnish  extensive  stoping  ground. 
At  present  the  Comet  mine  has  a  finer  showing 
of  ore  in  sight  than  at  any  time  in  its  develop- 
ment. Gold  bullion  shipments  are  made  from 
the  mill  twice  a  month. 

The  Yukon  Country. — Writing  from 
Hunter's  creek,  in  the  Yukon  River  region,  to 
the  Record,  a  miner  says  the  stream  is  150 
miles  above  the  mouth  of  the  Tananah  river 
and  750  miles  below  the  mouth  of  Forty  Mile. 
Fourteen  white  men  are  working  there  on  the 
bars  with  very  good  success.  The  bedrock 
so  far  as  known  is  from  three  to  six  feet  under 
surface.  The  miners  have  averaged  from  one 
to  one  and  one-half  ozs.  per  day,  and  of  course 
the  pay  will  increase  as  they  get  their  claims 
opened  up. 

During  the  summer  the  miners  became 
alarmed,  fearing  they  would  run  out  of  pro- 
visions, and  stationed  a  watch  ou  the  bank  of 
the  Yukon  to  hail  any  passing  boat  with  sup- 
plies. Healy  &  Hamilton's  steamer  came  along 
and  supplied  the  camp  with  §3,000  worth  of 
grub,  the  miners  planking  down  the  gold  dust 
for  the  same. 

Hunter's  creek  is  about  fourteen  miles  in 
length.  The  rich  discoveries  on  the  Yukon 
this  year  are  the  following  creeks :  About  200 
miles  below  Forty  Mile  are  four  rich  creeks, 
named  the  Independent,  Miller,  Mastodon  and 
Mammoth.  It  is  said  that  the  creeks  exceed 
in  richness  the  former  discoveries  on  Forty 
Mile  or  Miller  creeks,  the  miners  so  far  aver- 
aging from  two  and  one-half  to  three  and  one- 
half  ozs.  per  day.  Some  miners  here  have 
taken  up  two  and.  three  claims  though  it  is  not 
likely  that  more  than  one  can  be   held,  but  on 


account  of  the  great  richness  of  the  ground 
the  men  are  much  excited.  These  claims  are 
500  feet  long  and  run  the  full  width  of  the 
creeks,  which  pay  the  full  width.  This  is  the 
reason  this  creek  is  so  much  more  valuable 
than  others.  Hundreds  of  claims  just  as  good 
as  those  staked  out  are  still  open  for  location. 
Claim  operators  are  offering  $16  a  day  for  men 
with  none  to  be  had  at  that  rate  of  wages. 
Well-posted  miners  say  there  will  he  work  for 
1000  men  for  the  next  ten  to  fifteen  years. 
There  is  an  abundance  of  water  with  a  good 
fall.  Bedrock  is  nowhere  more  than  five  feet 
below  the  surface.  There  is  already  a  beauti- 
ful townsite  located  on  the  banks  of  the  Yukon 
and  about  100  houses  in  course  of  construction. 
The  mines  are  about  fifty  miles  from  here  and 
of  course  all  supplies  of  every  sort  have  to  be 
packed  there. 

No  man  should  come  to  the  Yukon  country 
with  less  than  ¥300  to  #500  after  paying  all  ex- 
penses to  Forty  Mile.  Too  much  emphasis 
cannot  be  given  to  this  warning.  Credit  for 
supplies  is  a  thing  of  the  past  and  cannot  be 
expected  again  in  this  region. 

I5KITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Too  Much  Exaggeration.  —  For  several 
weeks  past  the  provincial  papers  have  been 
publishing  exaggerated  accounts  of  the  great 
gold  finds  ou  Kaslo  creek,  says  the  Kootenai 
Mail.  Such  yarns  will  not  only  injure  Kaslo, 
but  the  whole  district.  It  is  on  a  par  with 
the  exaggerated  reports  about  the  gold  (placer 
and  quartz)  found  in  the  Cariboo  creek  dis- 
trict, recently  blazoned  to  the  world  by  local 
contemporaries.  The  Kaslo  correspondent  of 
the  Vancouver  World  thinks  enougli  harm  has 
been  done  the  town  by  this  "besetting  sin  of 
western  journalism, "and  calls  a  halt  in  the 
columns  of  that  journal. 


Word  from  Silver  City  is  to  the  effect  that 
wonderfully  rich  ore  bodies  have  been  en- 
countered in  the  Tip  Top  mine.  Assays  from 
a  streak  fifteen  inches  wide,  which  extends 
to  the  100-foot  level  and  possibly  farther,  went 
$500  in  gold  and  8,000  ounces  of  silver  a  ton. 
The  lode  is  from  thirty-five  to  forty  feet 
wide.  The  Tip  Top  is  owned  by  Colonel  G.  V. 
Bryan,  formerly  of  Hailey,  and  G.  W.  Venable 
of  New  York,  who  also  owns  the  Red  Elephant. 

NEVADA. 

Eureka  District. 

Richmond  Con.  Mining  Co.— At  the  annual 
meeting  in  London  recently  the  chairman 
stated  that  the  output  for  the  year  ending 
February  28th  last  was  074  ozs.  of  gold,  27,389 
ozs.  of  silver  and  250  tons  of  lead.  The  mine 
has  been  worked  for  most  part  by  tributers 
and  a  considerable  quantity  of  ore  taken  out, 
but  none  of  the  rich  pockets  fouud  which  had 
distinguished  the  mine  in  the  past.  The  ore 
has  been  shipped  and  sold  to  the  smelters  at 
Salt  Lake.  The  chairman  advised  against 
any  further  expenditui'e  in  the  effort  to  find 
new  mines  and  believes  that  more  could  be 
done  by  continuing  to  explore  the  Richmond 
mine  itself.  The  balance  of  revenue  on  hand 
was  sufficient  to  pay  a  dividend  of  Is  per 
share.  The  statement  of  the  chairman  and 
the  report  were  approved  by  the  stockholders. 

Washoe  District. 

On  the  Comstook. — The  official  report  of 
the  work  done  in  the  Consolidated  California 
and  Virginia  mine  last  week  is  as  follows: 
1050-foot  level— We  have  continued  to  stope 
ore  from  the  new  ore  body,  above  and  below 
the  sill  floor  of  this  level,  from  the  sixth  floor 
up  to  the  eleventh  floor  and  on  the  eleventh 
floor  have  opened  out  two  more  sets  of  timbers 
to  the  south  in  good  ore,  making  ten  sets  in  all 
from  north  to  south.  From  the  south  face  on 
the  eleventh  floor,  in  the  southwest  corner, 
we  have  opeued  out  three  sets  of  timbers  up- 
ward. The  twelfth  floor  carries  five  feet  of 
good  ore  lying  against  the  west  or  footwall, 
and  the  south  face  on  this  floor  is  in  ore  of 
good  quality.  1700-foot  level— In  working  up- 
ward from  "the  sill  floor  of  this  Level  and  out- 
ward to  the  north  and  south  we  have  con- 
tinued to  extract  good  ore.  1750-foot  level— 
From  the  sill  floor  of  this  level  on  the  north 
side  of  the  winze  sunk  from  the  1700-foot 
level,  our  stoping  in  the  ore  body  has  been 
carried  up  to  the  fifth  floor,  and  from  the  sec- 
ond to  the  fifth  floor  we  have  extracted  130 
tons  of  ore  assaying  on  the  aver.age  §24.74  per 
ton.  From  all  of  these  openings  we  have  ex- 
tracted during  the  week  300  tons  of  ore,  the 
average  value  of  which  per  mine  car  samples 
was  $54.47  per  ton.  Shipped  to  the  Morgan 
mill  340  tons  and  S60  pounds  of  ore,  the  aver- 
age value  of  which  per  railroad  car  samples 
was  $50.85  per  ton.  The  average  assay  value 
per  battery  samples  of  all  the  ore  worked  at 
that  mill  during  the  week — 175  tons — was 
$49.67  per  ton. 

In  the  Ophir  mine  in  the  1405  level  work- 
ings some  ore  giving  low  assays  is  still  being 
found.  In  the  Central  tunnel  workings  on  the 
250  level  a  winze  is  being  sunk  at  a  point  80 
feet  in  from  the  mouth  of  the  southeast  drift. 
On  the  29th  it  was  down  7  feet,  and  17  tons  of 
ore  assaying  $21.52  per  ton  had  been  extracted 
from  it  during  the  week.  Porphyry  carrying 
fine  lines  of  quartz  is  being  cut  in  the  north- 
westerly workings  117  feet  above  the  tunnel 
level.  The  usual  work  has  been  done  in  the 
Mexican,  Union  Con.,  Sierra  Nevada  and 
Andes  mines  without  important  changes  in 
formation.  The  joint  Best  &  Belcher  and. 
Gould  &  Curry  incline  winze  below  the  200- 
foot  level  of  those  mines  is  down  70  feet,  pass- 
ing through  hard  porphyry  and  quartz.  In 
the  Hale  &  Noreross  mine  the  streak  of  ore  in 
the  face  of  the  north  drift  on  the  975  level  is 
still  holding  out,  and  is  of  good  quality. 
During  the  week  three  carloads  of  ore  assay- 
ing $50.33  per  ton  were  extracted.  The  winze 
on  the  450  level  of  the  Chollar  mine,  350  feet 
south  of  the  north  line,  is  down  42  feet ;  bot- 
tom in  fair-grade  ore.  Are  stoping  ore  from 
the  north  end  between  the  450  and  550  levels. 
During  the  past  week  we  have  shipped  to  the 
Nevada  mill  for  reduction  249  tons  and  100 
pounds  of  ore,  the  average  battery  assays  of 


which  were  $31.25.  In  the  Potosi  mine  the 
connection  at  the  bottom  of  the  south  winze 
from  the  450  level  is  completed,  and  are  run- 
ning south  on  a  streak  of  fair-grade  ore. 

Comstook  Bullion  Output. — Enterprise: 
Following  is  the  report  of  the  ore  and  bullion 
yield  during  the  past  year.  The  first  three 
quarters  of  theyearare  given  and  an  estimate 
of  the  last  quarter : 

Quarter  Ended  March  :u.—  Consolidated  Cal- 
ifornia &  Virginia— Total  ore  yield,  083  tons 
and  1,390  pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $12,201- 
.20;  cost  of  extraction,  $13,017.07;  cost  of  trans- 
portation and  reduction,  $4,102  17;  total  cost, 
$17  749  84. 

Chollar— Total  ore  yield,  1,046  tons  and  1,600 
pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $16,410  01  ;  cost  of 
extraction,  $11,992  68;  cost  of  transportation 
and  reduction,  $6,280  80;  total  cost,  $1S,273  48. 

Yellow  Jacket— Total  ore  yield,  477  tons  and 
305  pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $7,572  23;  cost 
of  extraction,  $13,348  39 ;  cost  of  transportation, 
S4S0  37;  cost  of  reduction,  $2,386  82;  total  cost, 
$16,215  08. 

Quarter  Ended  June  ;>'</.— Con.  Cal.  &  Va.— 
Total  ore  yield.  075  tons ;  gross  bullion  yield, 
$24,330  58;  cost  of  extraction,  $48,540  68;  trans- 
portation and  reduction,  $4,218  75:  total  cost, 
$52,765  43. 

Hale  &  Noreross— Total  ore  yield,  749  tons 
and  760  pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $7,990  85; 
cost  of  extraction,  $1S,218  49;  transportation 
and  reduction,  $4,596  28:  total  cost,  $22,714  77. 

Belcher— Total  ore  yield,  325  tons  and  72 
pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $5,519  25;  cost  of 
extraction,  $14,459  57;  cost  of  transportation, 
$325  72 ;  cost  of  reductiou,$l,628  00 ;  total  cost, 
$16,413  89. 

Crown  Point — Total  ore  yield,  1,054  tons  and 
830  pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $10,340  88; 
cost  of  extraction,  $18,360  54  ;  cost  of  transpor- 
tation, $1,277  95;  cost  of  reduction,  $2,10S83: 
total  cost,  $21,753  32. 

Occidental — Total  ore  yield,  321  tons ;  gross 
bullion  yield,  $5,416 ;  cost  of  extraction,  $3,694 ; 
transportation  and  reduction,  $1,926;  total 
cost,  $5,620. 

Yellow  Jacket  — Total  ore  yield.  203  tons 
and  05  pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $2,745  67; 
cost  of  extraction,  $15,002  15;  cost  of  transpor- 
tation, $203  06;  cost  of  reduction,  $1,015  32; 
total  cost,  $16,280  53. 

Quarter  Ended  September  30.  —  Consolidated 
California  &  Virginia— Total  ore  yield,  5,325 
tons  and  470  pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $204,- 
590  29;  cost  of  extraction,  59.800  45:  cost  of 
transportation  and  reduction,  $33,282  71 ;  total 
cost,  $93,149  16.  Net  yield  or  value  on  which 
taxes  are  levied,  $111,441  13;  bullion  tax, 
$5,572  05. 

Crown  Point— Total  ore  yield,  1,288  tons  and 
1390  pounds;  gross  bullion  yield,  $10,303  38; 
cost  of  extraction,  $8,633  35;  cost  of  trans- 
portation, $83?  66 ;  cost  of  reduction,  $2,577  39; 
total  cost,  112,048  41. 

The  yield  for  the  last  quarter  ending- Dec- 
ember'31,  will  not  be  filed  until  February, 
therefore  a  correct  statement  of  the  yield  for 
that  quarter  is  not  available.  The  report  for 
the  first  three  quarters  of  the  current  year 
show  that  a  total  of  12,149  tons  of  ore  were 
produced,  yielding  bullion  valued  at  $307,579. 
The  total  yield  for  the  year,  when  all  the  re- 
turns are  filed,  will  probably  reach  $500,000. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Hanovek.— Enterprise:  The  new  smelting 
plant  of  the  New  Mexico  and  Arizona  Smelt- 
ing Co.  is  being  pushed  toward  completion  as 
rapidly  as  possible.  The  boilers  and  engines, 
smelting  stacks  and  a  large  lot  of  other  ma- 
chinery is  on  the  ground.  The  assay  offices 
and  other  auxiliary  buildings  are  completed, 
and  most  of  the  timbers  are  already  framed 
for  the  main  smelter  building.  The  opening 
of  this  smelter  means  the  employment  of  sev- 
eral hundred  men  on  claims  that  have  lain  idle 
for  years.  Many  small  copper  properties  will 
be  opened  up  when  the  owners  have  an  op- 
portunity to  sell  their  small  batches  of  ore 
close  at  home.  The  new  smelting  company 
is  working  several  of  the  old  Santa  Rita  prop- 
erties and  employing  many  miners.  It  is 
quite  likely  some  steps  will  be  taken  ere  long 
to  re-open  the  deep  mines  of  Santa  Rita.  The 
owner  of  the  property,  J.  P.  Whitney  of 
Boston,  was  out  last  week  to  look  the  ground 
over,  with  a  view  of  opening  up  the  property. 

OREGON. 

The  Town  of  SuMptER.— At  the  old  town  of 
Sumpter,  ten  miles  northwest  of  McEwen, 
the  terminus  of  the  S.  V.  R.  R.,  Messrs. 
Ellis  &  Cupid  are  equipping  their  placer 
ground  with  an  electric  light  plant,  two  giant 
hydraulics  and  a  string  of  pipe  5,000  feet  in 
length,  besides  enlarging  the  capacity  of  the 
ditches  furnishing  water  for  the  mines.  They 
are  also  erecting  a  new  sawmill  with  a  capac- 
ity of  20,000  feet  per  day,  ten  hours. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Just  now,  says  a  Custer  City  dispatch, 
Keystone  seems  to  be  the  coming  gold  camp 
of  the  west.  People  are  flocking  in  from  all 
directions,  until  every  house  in  the  town  and 
stables  and  sheds  are  filled  to  overflowing. 
No  such  rush  has  been  witnessed  in  the  hills 
since  the  palmy  days  of  1S87.  Many  are  com- 
pelled to  sleep  but  under  the  trees.  There  is 
now  thought  to  be  ore  enough  in  sight  to  in- 
sure an  output  of  2000  tons  a  day  for  the  next 
twenty  years.  The  average  value  of  ores  in 
all  the  mines  is  about  $15  per  ton.  The  gold 
belt  of  the  Keystone  is  a  mile  in  width  by 
four  miles  in  length. 

UTAH. 

As  to  the  Smelters. — Tribune:  Inquiry 
among  the  leading  mine-owners  and  managers 
of  Park  City  regarding  the  late  action  of  the 
smelter  combine  or  trust  and  the.  present  at- 
titude of  its  members,  develops  the  existence 
of  a  great  deal  of  righteous  indignation  in  the 
minds  of  our  ore-producers  against  that  ava- 
ricious monopoly. 

The  result  of  this  effort  of  the  smelter  men 
to  compel  the  miners  to  pay  extortionate 
charges  for  the  smelting  of  their  ores  is  likely 


to  prove  disastrous  to  somebody.  It  seems 
strange  that,  at  this  time,  when  silver  and 
lead  are  selling  at  the  lowest  price  in  the 
history  of  the  country,  when  the  margin  of 
profit  in  the  ores  of  the  most  of  our  mines  is 
merely  nominal,  when  to  retain  any  margin 
whatever  of  profit  the  mines  have  been  com- 
pelled to  reduce  wages  to  the  lowest  point 
compatible  with  decent  living  and  to  reduce 
expenses  in  every  direction  possible,  that  just 
now  the  smelters  should  attempt  1o  raise  the 
smelting  charges  and  to  increase  their  already 
handsome  profits.  It  seems  incredible  ihat 
there  can  be  any  necessity  for  this  advance 
in  charges.  The  smelters  are  certainly  not 
paying  any  higher  wages,  and  general  supplies 
should  be  cheaper  than  heretofore. 

Do  they  expect  the  mines  to  run  at  a  loss, 
or  do  they  anticipate  that  the  wages  of  the 
men  who  handle  the  pick  and  drill  will  be  re- 
duced even  below  the  present  standard;  It  is 
much  more  likely  that  the  mines  will  shut 
down,  that  the  honest  miner  will  be  thrown 
out  of  employment,  and  that  bitter  suffering 
will  be  the  portion  of  his  wife  and  children. 

Take,  for  instance,  the  great  Anchor  mine,, 
with  its  immense  bodies  of  low-grade  ore,  and? 
whose  ore  at  the  present  time  pays  a  profit  of 
less  than  $3  per  ton  even  at  the  low  rate  of 
wages  paid  in  that  property.  Is  it  reasonable- 
to  presume  that  this  property  can  continue  to- 
operate  under  an  increased  charge  of  $2  per 
ton  for  the  smelting  of  its  ore;  Are  not  the 
smelters  pursuing  the  policy  of  "  killing  the 
goose  that  lays  the  golden  eggf  " 

Already  several  informal  meetings  of  the 
local  mining  magnates  have  been  quite 
thoroughly  discussed,  and  the  consensus  of 
oponion  is  that  a  convention  of  the  ore-produc- 
ers of  the  Territory  should  be  called  at  once 
for  the  purpose  of  considering  ways  and  means 
by  which  the  miners  can  be  emancipated  from 
the  fetters  that  are  being  forged  on  their 
hands  by  the  great  smelter  combination. 

The  mine-owners  of  Park  City  stand  ready 
to  unite  with  the  other  ore- producers  of  the 
Territory,  or  of  the  whole  intermountain 
country,  and  put  up  money,  if  necessary,  to 
build  smelters  in  Salt  Lake  valley  or  else- 
where to  smelt  their  own  ore  and  extricate 
themselves  once  and  for  all  from  the  clutches 
of  the  smelter  trust. 

Should  the  opinion  prevail  that  it  would  be 
better  to  close  all  the  mines  indefinitely,  they 
will,  if  they  do  not  close  their  own  mines, 
guarantee  not  to  submit  to  the  rule  of  the 
smelter  trust.  In  fact  on  this  last  proposition 
they  seem  determined,  in  any  event,  to  re- 
fuse to  make  any  contracts  dictated  by  the 
smelter  combination. 

The  Smelters'  Statement. — The  smelling 
men  in  Salt  Lake  still  emphatically  deny  that 
there  is  any  combine  between  them  as  to 
smelting  charges  or  prices  of  ore.  They  ex- 
plain that  their  bids  are  based  upon  their 
need;  that  is,  if  they  arc  short  on  a  certain 
class  of  ore,  they  will  bid  high  to  get  it, 
and  if  they  do  not  need  it  they  will  not 
make  any  especial  exertion  to  secure  it.  The 
result  will  be  that  some  ore-producers  will 
receive  more  than  last  year  and  others  will 
receive  less,  but  the  smelting  men  do  not 
think  the  average  will  full  much  if  any,  below 
that  of  the  last  year. 

WYOMING. 

J.  C.  Davis,  one  of  the  Senatorial  aspirants, 
speaking  of  the  outlook  for  the  State,  said : 
"  I  am  more  hopeful  over  the  outlook  in  Wyo- 
ming than  1  have  been  in  several  years. 
There  is  every  indication  that  there  wiil  be  a 
great  deal  of  development  work  done  in  the 
State  next  season.  I  have  just  let  a  contract 
for  $15,000  worth  of  work  to  be  done  on  the 
Penn  mine  in  the  Seminoe  country,  in  Carbon 
county.  Coloi'ado  parties  have  made  several 
handsome  offers  for  this  property,  but  the 
owners  intend  to  develop  it  themselves.  The 
Four  Mile  placer  claims  are  attracting  much 
attention,  and  there  is  a  big  demand  for  the 
ore  from  the  iron  mines  near  Rawlins.  It 
is  the  finest  fluxing  ore  that  the  Denver 
smelters  can  secure.  There  is  no  reason  why 
75,000  tons  of  it  cannot  be  utilized  for  this 
purpose  every  year.  The  Union  Pacific  Com- 
pany has  completed  a  survey  of  a  spur  to  the 
mines.     It  can  be  built  for  $10,000." 


Coast  Industrial   Notes. 


—Expert  Moore  figures  that  the  Santa  Fe 
system  must  expend  $4,000,000  within  the 
next  five  years  to  keep  up  its  road  and  rolling 
stock.  Of  this  amount  the  A.  &  P.  will  have 
to  expend  $2,380,000— $1,700,200  for  new  rails. 

—California  has  333,310  milch  cows,  and  each 
will  average  3750  pounds  of  milk  or  150  pounds 
of  butter  per  year.  The  produce  of  106,600 
cows  is  consumed  as  milk;  that  of  19,200  into 
cheese,  and  that  of  207,444  is  made  into  butter. 

—The  Mexican  Northern  railroad  is  to  he 
extended  from  Sierra  Mojada  to  the  rich  rain- 
ing camp  of  Carmen  on  the  Rio  Grande  border, 
and  thence  across  Presidio  county,  Tex.,  to 
Marathon,  where  connection  will  be  made 
with  the  Southern  Pacific. 

— The  San  Diego,  Pacific  and  Eastern  Rail- 
road Company  has  incorporated.  Capital  stock 
$1,000,000.  The  object  of  the  incorporation  is 
to  build  a  railroad  from  San  Diego  northeast- 
erly through  El  Cajon  valley  and  to  San  Felipe 
pass,  with  a  diverting  road  also  from  El  Cajon 
valley  via  Poway  to  Escondido. 

— The  long-talked-of  electric  railroad  be- 
tween Los  Angeles  and  Santa  Monica  is  rap- 
idly approaching  materialization.  The  plan  is 
the  utilization  of  the  old  Los  Angeles  and  Pa- 
cific Railroad  by  a  corporation,  which  is  under- 
stood to  be  practically  the  same  as  the  Los 
Angeles  Consolidated  Company.  A  contract 
of  sale  has  been  signed  by  the  owners  of  the 
old  Los  Angeles  and  Pacific  whereby,  on  cer- 
tain terms,  they  transfer  all  the  property  to 
Mr.  Stevens  of  this  city,  who  is  operating  in 
behalf  of  the  Los  Angeles  and  Pasadena  Elec- 


January  5,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


11 


trie  Railway  Company,  which  is  part  of  the 
Consolidated,  the  object  being  to  make  a  con- 
tinuous line  through  Los  Angeles  from  the 
mountains  to  the  sea. 

-Capital  has  h.-ou  secured  for  carrying  out 
the  plans  for  car  works,  blast  furuace  and 
steel  works  at  Salmon  bay,  Puget  Bound.  D. 
H.  Oilman  of  Seattle  is  at  t  ti« ■  lira.  I  nf  the  en- 
terprise. It  will  require  83,000,000  of  capita] 
and  give  employment  to  8000 men.  It  is  pro- 
posed to  secure  motive  power  by  ku  iterating 
electricity  at  Snoqualmie  Falls,  and  a  com- 
pany already  has  been  organized  for  this  pur- 
pose. 

— There  arc  two  values  in  Max  titter  and 
the  seed.  Our  Northwest  Pacific  Slates  are 
the  best  flax-growing  district  in  the  world. 
Many  years  ago  the  fiber  was  extolled  by  ex- 
perts whosaw  It,  Hut  we  were  distant  from 
market  and  did  not  press  this  branch  of  indus- 
try. Conditions  are  changing  now,  and  the 
products  of  flax,  fiber  and  soetl  or  oil,  will  now 
or  soon  bear  transport.  This  is  one  of  the 
industries  to  be  studied  in  these  States. 

The  Monterey  <Sc  Fresno  Railroad  is  de- 
signed to  afford  direct  railroad  transportation 
from  Fresno  to  Monterey.  Preliminary  sur- 
veys have  been  made  for  the  entire  line  — 171 
miles  and  the  permanent  location  of  the 
greater  part  of  the  route  has  been  completed. 
In  July  last,  forty-six  miles,  from  Monterey 
bay  east,  were  put  under  contract  and  work 
on  this  division  is  progressing,  with  nine 
miles  now  graded  ready  for  the  track.  The 
line  will  pass  through  Salinas,  Sau  Juan,  Hol- 
lister,  Firebaugh  and  Madera.  It  is  expected 
to  push  work  vigorously  during  L895. 

—The  biennial  report  of  the  State  Board  of 
Fish  Commissioners  for  "1893-4  states  that 
California  ranks  sixth  in  the  Union,  with 
products  valued  at  18,044,310  with  an  annual 
appropriation  of  ?S750,  while  Massachusetts 
ranks  first,  with  an  appropriation  of  $15,700 
per  annum.  It  has  been  stated  that  Eastern 
States  required  greater  appropriations  in  this 
direction  on  account  of  greater  population,  but 
the  report  says  the  reverse  is  true,  as  the  ex- 
pense of  protection  is  almost  nothing  in 
densely  populated  regions.  The  Commission 
recommends  the  appointment  of  a  game 
warden  in  each  county. 

— The  Columbian  Colonization  Company  is 
incorporated  by  J.  W.  Wilson,  H.  P.  Sweet 
and  J.  G.  Foster  to  irrigate  and  colonize  a 
tract  of  government  land  in  San  Bernardino 
county,  on  the  Atlantic  &  Pacific  and  the 
Southern  California  Railroads,  and  on  branches 
of  the  Santa  Fe  system.  At  the  upper  nar- 
rows at  Victor  on  the  Southern  California 
Railway,  the  river  flows  through  a  gorge  300 
feet  deep  and  150  feet  wide.  By  building  a 
dam  150  feet  high  at  this  point  the  company 
propose  to  obtain  a  water  supply  sufficient  to 
irrigate  340,000  acres  of  desert  land.     It  is 


their  iutention  to  lay  out  a  city  to  be  called 
Columbia,  with  water  power  for  electric 
plants,  a  beet-sugar  factory,  canaigre  works, 
a  creamery  and  a  cold-storage  warehouse. 
The  capital  stock  is  $4,000,000. 

— It  is  stated  at  Onion  Pacific  headquarters 
that  for  some  time  past  it  has  been  the  ainbi- 
bionof  Receiver  McNeill  of  the  O.  K.  &  N. 
Co.  to  bring  about  a  separate  receivership  for 
the  Oregon  Short  Line  and  Utah  Northern 
with  the  Oregon  Navigation  Company,  there- 
by making  the  two  roads  an  independent  sys- 
tem. But  the  scheme  was  not  to  end  there. 
A  California  line  was  to  be  secured  by  extend- 
ing the  branch  a  distance  of  400  miles,  con- 
necting the  O.  R.  &  N.  Co..  thus  giving  the 
company  a  through  line  from  Huntington  to 
the  coast  via  Portland.  For  months  this  has 
been  the  dream  of  Major  McNeill,  but  when 
he  broached  the  subject  of  independent  line 
to  Mr.  Boissevan,  who  has  large  interests  in 
both  properties,  it  is  understood  that  gentle- 
man told  the  Navigation  Company's  receiver 
he  was  entirely  satisfied  to  have  the  manage- 
ment in  the  control  of  the  Union  Pacific. 

— A  conservative  epitome  of  California  pro- 
ductions in  MJ4  show  that  California  mines 
yielded  $18,000,000  in  the  preceding  twelve 
months,  of  which  over  $12,000,000  was  gold; 
the  value  of  the  salt  product  in  1894  was 
£120,000;  borax  product,  ISW,  $860,000;  mineral 
waters,  $300,000;  natural  gas,  160,000;  petro- 
leum and  bitumen  products,  $1,250,000;  quick- 
silver, 20,4(Hl  flasks;  value  of  San  Francisco 
manufactures  in  1894,  $-83,310,000;  beet  sugar 
produced,  35,00u,(K)0  pounds;  wheat  crop, 
23,414,900  bushels ;  brandy  distilled  from 
grapes,  1,300,000  gallons;  California  canned 
fruit,  1,240,000  eases;  barley  crop,  5,000,000 
bushels;  bean  crop,  72,000,000  pounds;  raisin 
crop,  54,b00,000  pounds;  dried  fruit  product, 
125,000,000  pounds;  prune  crop,  32,500,000 
pounds;  wool  product,  26,000,000  pounds;  hop 
product,  40,000  bales;  orange  crop,  10,000  car- 
loads; butter,  50,000,000  pounds;  cheese, 
15,000,000  pounds. 


Krogh  M'f'g  Co., 

MANUPACTUREBS  OF 

Mining  Futups,  Pan    Staves,  Leaching  Tanks 

and  also  the  famous 


Krogh  Mining   Hoist ! 

The  best  and  cheapest  on  the  market,  and  for 

strength  and  durability  unsurpassed. 

Send  for  Catalogue.      5i  Beale  St.,  San  Francisco. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 

N.  W.  Cor.  Main  &  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

MANUPACTUREBS  OF 

STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND    FORGINGS 

OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

All  work  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  Hills. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  morp  advantageous 
terms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  for  the  manufacture  of  his 
Patent  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
and  sold  these  mills  for  the  past  14  years,  we  know 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
tory testimonials  prove.  We  feel  conBdent,  therefore, 
that  at  the  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 
there  is  plaoed  within  the  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL. 
Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List. 


NEW  METHODS. 


STORAGE  BATTERIES. 


NEW    RESULTS. 


TTTK  TlflTTPTJ  QTA1>APTh  T-i  ATTPPV  opens  a  new  era  in  electrical  development. 
1  flE  IlWUvin  JlUI\iluL  D/il  1E1\1  We  are  now  prepared  to  fill  orders  for  complete 
plants  for  lighting  or  power.  Residence  lighting  now  an  economical  success.  Stores,  warehouses, 
mines,  mills  or  street  railways  at  reduced  prices.    Estimates  furnished.    Correspondence  solicited. 

EUREKA 

41  SPEAR  STREET 


Our  Pipe 
Is  For  Sale. 


For  Hydraulic  Mining  and  Irri- 
gation Purposes  Our  Sheet 
Iron  and  Sheet  Steel  Riveted 
Water  Pipe  Is  Unexcelled. 

We  Have  Also  a  Large  Line  of 
the  MATHES0N  JOINT  (Lap- 
Welded)  Pipe,  for  Which  We 
Are  Agents. 

Our  Prices  Are  Low;  Our  Pipe 
Is  Superior,  and  We  Want 
More  Business.  May  We 
Quote  You  Prices? 

PIPE    FITTINGS,   TOO. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

SAIN       FRANCISCO,       C/\L. 


SIMOINDS    SAU/S 

AND    MACHINE    KNIVES. 

RUBBER     BELTING, 

RUBBER  HOSE.  COTTON  HOSE, 
PACKING. 

S  LEATHER   BELTING, 

|  DODGE  WOOD  SPLIT  PULLEYS, 

m  EMERY  WHEELS.  TILES. 

5       GRAPHITE  AND  GRAPHITE  GREASE, 

COVEL   BEET  HOOKS. 


Dodge  Independence  Wood  Split  Pulley  3IM.0N  D3   SAW  CO., 


•n 
O 

3J 
D 
O 

c 

r 
m 


Is  the  lightest,  strongest  and  most  con- 
venient Pulley  made. 


No.  31  Main  Street,  San  Francisco,  and 
85  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


ELECTRIC     GO. 


The  Giant  Powder  Company,  con. 

430  California  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


JUDSON  IMPROVED  POWDER 

The  Boss 

For  Hydraulic  Miners  in  Bank  Blasting. 

THE  OLD  RELIABLE  GIANT  POWDER. 


Black  Blasting,  Sporting;  and  Rifle*  Powder. 

SEND  FOR  PRICE  LISTS. 


F^R/\rNCIS     SMITH     &     CO., 


-MANUFACTURERS 


F-OR     TOWN     \A/ATER     WORKS. 


Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc,  all  sizes, 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of  Pipes 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CMST     STEEL. 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  L>.  MORRIS,  Agent,  220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies. 


SAN  FRAHCISCO,  CAL. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


12 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  5,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


Direct   Conversion  of    Light    Into 
Electricity. 


At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Societe 
Internationale  des  Electricians,  M.  Ch. 
Marechal  showed  experimentally,  by 
means  of  an  electro-chemical  acti- 
nometer,  that  luminous  energy  is  trans- 
formed into  electrical  energy  mechan- 
ically—available even  at  long  dis- 
tances—not through  the  calorific  or 
chemical  power  of  the  light,  but  by 
virtue  of  a  third  force,  which  the  writer 
calls  actinic  force. 

This  transformation  is  effected  in  all 
the  divisions  of  the  spectrum,  but 
depends  on  the  coloring  matter  em- 
ployed for  sensitizing  the  plates  of  the 
actinometer,  the  sensitiveness  of  which 
is  so  great  that  the  light  of  the  candle 
at  a  distance  of  some  meters  produces 
effects  that  are  as  clear  as  they  are 
instantaneous. 

After  discussing  certain  applications 
to  telegraphy  and  photography,  M. 
Marechal  in  an  hypothesis  which, 
though  bold,  is  based  on  facts  ascer- 
tained by  observation  and  experience, 
shows  once  more  the  close  connection 
between  electrical  and  luminous  phe- 
nomena; then  he  showed  the  intimate 
relations  existing  between  solar  light 
and  the  great  natural  phenomena, 
such  as  terrestrial  magnetism,  the 
different  variations  of  the  magnetic 
needle,  the  aurora  borealis,  earth 
currents,  etc. 

This  would  seem  to  mark  the  begin- 
ning of  a  new  epoch  in  optical  physics 
and  to  open  new  avenues  of  investiga- 
tion which  may  lead  to  the  most  im- 
portant results.  While  this  brief 
notice,  which  is  all  we  have  at  present, 
suggests  nothing  incompatible  with 
our  present  beliefs  or  the  teachings  of 
Maxwell,  it  seems  likely  to  give  those 
teachings  a  new  significance  and  to 
give  them  a  concrete  value  that  they 
have  not  heretofore  possessed. 

France  Encourages  Electrical 
Progress. 


Prance  has  for  some  time  past  been 
specially  active  in  the  application  of 
electric  power  to  canals,  a  fact  due 
probably  to  the  importance  and  extent 
of  her  canal  system.  The  latest  suc- 
eessful  trial  reported  is  one  on  the 
canal  boats  of  the  Havre-Paris-Lyons 
compaignie,  in  which  a  transferable 
electric  motor  and  rudder  combination 
is  used,  while  the  motor  has  been 
driven  by  current  from  storage  bat- 
teries. The  canal  boat,  having  a 
length  of  thirty  -  eight  meters  and 
carrying  180  tons,  is  driven  at  a  speed 
of  eighty-five  centimeters  per  seccmd, 
an  increase  of  forty  per  cent  over  the 
speed  with  two  horses,  while  the  elec- 
trical energy  consumed  was  about  four 
and  six-tenths  horse  power.  At  times 
a  speed  of  one  meter  (three  feet  three 
inches)  per  second  was  obtained.  It  is 
now  proposed  to  employ  also  a  trolley 
system,  as  on  the  Bourgogne  canal, 
and  to  let  the  feed  water  that  main- 
tains the  levels  at  the  proper  height 
operate  dynamos  generating  the  neces- 
sary current.  Prance  has  always  been 
foremost  in  the  application  of  elec- 
tricity to  navigation. 

A  common  experience  among  those 
who  have  to  do  with  electrical  ma- 
chinery is  the  paralyzing  effect  which 
the  electric  current  exerts  upon  an 
ordinary  watch.  The  mechanism  of 
most  watches  being  of  hard  steel, 
highly  polished,  renders  them  pecu- 
liarly sensitive  to  magnetic  influence, 
and  consequently  unreliable  as  time- 
keepers. Formerly  non-magnetizable 
watches  were  regarded  as  little  more 
than  a  novelty;  now,  however,  the 
rapid  spread  of  electricity  in  its  multi- 
farious forms  has  made  them  a 
necessity. 

Dr.  Wellington  Adams,  president  of 
the  Chicago  and  St.  Louis  electric  road, 
says  the  road  "  will  most  certainly  be 
built,  but  not  until  after  a  revival  in 
business.  Already  $8,000,000  of  the 
$10,000,000  worth  of  bonds  have  been 
placed,  and  it  will  not  be  much  trouble 


to  place  the  remainder.  The  grading 
and  securing  of  right  of  way  is  going 
steadily  on." 


An  Explosion  in  an  Iron  Foundry. 

The  explosive  power  of  water  when 
suddenly  converted  into  steam  may 
not  be  thoroughly  understood  or  even 
fully  comprehended  by  some  mechanics, 
and  an  explosion  that  wrecked  a 
foundry  was  caused  by  a  lack  of  just 
such  knowledge  on  the  part  of  the 
foundry  men.  Pouring  off  is  always 
done  at  the  end  of  the  day,  and  some- 
times it  is  late  at  night  before  the 
bottom  is  dropped  and  the  furnaceman 
at  liberty  to  go  home.  Under  such 
conditions  it  is  not  strange  that  a  man 
would  do  all  that  he  could  to  hurry  up 
things,  that  he  might  get  away  early. 

It  is  the  custom,  in  most  foundries, 
to  throw  several  pails  of  water  on  the 
pile  of  slag  and  cinder  that  comes 
down,  red  hot,  upon  the  sand  which 
has  been  placed  under  the  cupola  to 
receive  that  which  falls  when  the 
bottom  is  dropped.  A  shallow  cavity 
is  hollowed  out  of  the  sand  to  receive 
the  slag,  and  several  pails  of  water,  or 
a  stream  from  the  hose,  deadens  the 
intense  heat  radiated  from  the  pile  of 
glowing  matter.  It  is  supposed  that 
the  cupola  man,  in  order  to  get  away 
sooner,  hit  upon  the  expedient  of  get- 
ting the  water  ready  beforehand,  so 
he  would  have  less  to  do  after  the 
bottom  came  down.  Accordingly,  the 
hole  scooped  in  the  sand  underneath 
the  cupola  was  half  filled  wilh  water, 
and  at  a  given  signal  the  prop  was 
pulled  away  and  the  bottom  catnedown. 
Then  the  explosion  occurred,  wrecking 
the  building,  killing  and  wounding  sev- 
eral workmen  and  setting  the  wreck  on 
fire.  It  was  caused  by  the  water 
becoming  suddenly  expanded  into  a 
gas,  which  occupied  many  times  the 
space  filled  by  watev. 

We  can  throw  a  pail  of  water  into  a 
cupola  charged  with  molten  iron,  and 
no  explosion  will  occur  which  can 
amount  to  much.  But  confine  that 
water  in  a  pipe  and  plunge  the  pipe 
into  melted  iron  and  there  will  be  the 
liveliest  .kind  of  an  explosion  as  soon  as 
the  heat  gets  well  at  the  enclosed 
water.  It  is  this  thing  which  some- 
times causes  the  disastrous  explosions 
in  cupolas,  when  pistons  and  other  ap- 
parently harmless  pieces  of  iron  ex- 
plode with  terrible  force  and  damage. — 
Scientific  Machinist. 


Machinery  of  a  Cruiser. 


The  extent  and  power  of  machinery 
construction  are  wonderfully  exhibited 
in  the  working  equipments  of  the  latest 
Government  cruiser.  There  are  61 
separate  engines,  not  counting  cylin- 
ders, which  would  run  up  to  120.  for 
main,  auxiliary  and  pumping  purposes. 
The  low-pressure  piston  is  92  inches  in 
diameter,  and  an  area  of  46  square 
feet  and  an  initial  load  of  100  tons. 
The  condenser  tubes,  if  placed  end  to 
end.  would  form  a  tube  33  miles  long, 
and  the  cooling  water  passed  through 
these  tubes  equals  36,000,000  gallons 
per  day,  or  enough  to  supply  a  large 
city  with  water.  The  main  boilers,  if 
placed  end  to  end.  would  form  a  tunnel 
156  feet  long  and  large  enough  for  a 
train  of  cars  to  pass  through.  The 
heating  surface  is  equal  to  li  acres. 

Armor  Plate  for  Russia. 


The  Bethlehem,  Pennsylvania,  Iron 
Company  has  the  whole  contract  for 
supplying  armor  for  Russia's  two  new 
battle  ships,  the  Sebastopol  and  Petro- 
palovak.  The  contract  calls  for  some- 
thing over  12,000  tons  of  armor  plate 
to  fit  up  the  two  ships.  It  amounts  to 
about  §1,000,000.  The  American  com- 
pany secured  the  contract  over  four- 
teen competitors,  comprising  the 
armor  plate  manufacturers  iu  the 
United  States,  England,  France,  Italy 
and  Germany.  The  contract  is  re- 
garded the  largest  ever  awarded  in 
Europe. 


Unitarian  literature  sent  free  by  the 
Cbanning  Auxiliary  of  the  First  Unitarian 
Church,  cor.  Geary  and  Franklin  Sts.,  San 
Francisco.  Address  as  above.  Mention  this 
paper.  * 


Attention   rimers  ! 
W.  W.  MONTAGUilCO. 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OP 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Milling.  Mills  and  Power  Plants. 

IRON,  CUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  flarket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


Traill 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If    you    aire    Interested     Iu 
Rock      Drilling    Correspond 
s  j;  <      with  us. 

'jf  WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,   Address  the  Compauy  at  Its  Denver  OtHce. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tulloek  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 

Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,   therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,   is  prac- 
tically     over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt  trans- 
versely two 
feet  apart, 
there  is  a 
space  of  one 
inch,   contain- 

ing     twenty 

'  "  "  ""fT    riffles  1-33  of 
?•?;:$       an    inch    in 

— ->"      depth.    This 

tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on   the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
flne  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with   the  tailings  from  a    belt    with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Haywards  Building San  Francisco. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving;  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILYER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

G53  and  655  mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON,      - Proprietor. 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

OF  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

Room  1.       -       426  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  A3~Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

611  and  613  FRONT  ST.,  Sau  Francisco,  Cal. 


annaiy  •;, 


1805. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


13 


Practical  Information. 


Wages  of  Steamship  Building. 


The  following  report  shows  the  rate 

of  wages   paid   by    Clyde  builders    ol 

ocean   steamships    and    by    steamship 

owners,   and  are   printed    in   Consular 

irts.    The  rates  given  are  by  the 

hour: 

Wages. 

Description.  Pence. 

■  i li] 

Pal  tern  makers <L%  .18% 

Machinists,  in  engineer  shop.. ..  0  .IS 

BoUer  mata  rs        S  .lti 

Plumbers -  ,IH 

Pipe  Utters «}-,  .laVJ 

Shipwrights iyt  .1.') 

Ship  Joiners Tt  .  H'., 

Drillers 8%  .17 

up v.  .1*' ; 

Riveters in  .So 

Calkors II  .is 

Painters ?' ;  .15 

Furnace  men r.  .  rj 

Sheet-iron  workers,  general ... .  6%  .It) 

rsmiths 7%  .  i.v. 

Iron  ni'ilders 'i:.  .15 

Brass  molders U  .in 

Blacksmiths ;' ..  ,16 

Laborers .'.  .10 

Frame  setters 8%  .  l~ 

The  hours  of  labor  arc  lifty-four  per 
week  for  aboul  forty-eight  weeks  in  the 
year.  The  ships  are  nearly  all  con- 
structed of  steel.  1  inn  vessels  are  now 
as  rarely  Iniilt  there  as  wooden  ships. 
Several  of  the  trades  mentioned  are 
employed  by  the  piece.  These  include 
the  riveters,  platers,  frame  setters, 
litters  and  ealkers.  The  riveters  work- 
in  squads,  consisting  of  two  riveters,  a 
holder-on  and  a  rivet  boy,  and  they  are 
paid  at  the  rate  of  so  much  per  hun- 
dred rivets  put  in.  The  larger  the 
M'ss.l  the  higher  tin-  rate,  and  special 
prims  are  paid  for  riveting  keels  and 
stringer  plains.  A  steamer  of  over 
5000  tons  commands  extra  wages.  On 
ordinary  vessels  good  squads  (two 
riveters,  a  holder-up  and  a  rivet  boy) 
will  make  at  present  about  *0.(i8  per 
day,  but  the  average  for  Government 
work  is  above  this.  The  piece  men  are 
sometimes  irregular  in  their  employ- 
nnni,  and,  if  overtime  is  excluded,  do 
not  work  more  than  Evedays per  week. 

The  shipwrights  have  a  standard 
wage  of  fifteen  cents  per  hour,  but  the 
joiners,  blacksmiths  and  engineers  have 
what  is  known  as  a  sliding  scale. 

In  the  ease  of  engineers  the  pay 
varies  from  twelve  to  thirteen  and  a 
half  cents  per  hour,  blacksmiths  from 
twelve  to  sixteen  cents  per  hour. 

The  Speed  of  Trolley  Cars. 


The  speed  of  a  trolley  car  when  pass- 
ing any  given  point  has  been  a  matter 
upon  the  determination  of  which  a  good 
deal  of  discussion  has  been  expended. 
To  put  a  revolution  counter  upon  the 
axle  would  solve  the  problem,  but  it  is 
frequently  desirable  to  ascertain  the 
speed  of  a  car  without  the  assistance  of 
a  street  ear  company.  Particularly  is 
this  desirable  when  seeking  evidence 
that  the  cars  are  being  run  at  a  higher 
rate  of  speed  than  allowed  by  law.  It 
is  well  known  that  the  motor  gives 
forth  a  peculiar  sound  when  the  car  is 
running.  This  sound  Whittier  in  his 
poem  on  "The  Broomstick  Train" 
likened  to  the  purring  of  a  witch's  cat, 
and  it  is  in  this  purring  sound  that  the 
speed  indication  lies  Whenever  a  num- 
ber of  blows  or  taps  are  delivered  in 
regular  sequence,  they  will,  if  their  fre- 
quency be  great  enough,  form  a  musi- 
cal note.  The  reason  for  this  is,  that 
the  ear  cannot  rid  itself  of  one  sound 
before  another  reaches  it;  consequently 
when  the  number  of  notes  rises  above  a 
certain  number  per  second,  a  musical 
note  is  the  result.  The  eye  possesses  a 
similar  faculty  called  "persistence  of 
vision,"  which  makes  the  firebrand  give 
an  apparently  continuous  circle  of  fire 
when  whirled  swiftly  about.  About 
one-sixtieth  of  a  second  is  said  to  be 
the  limit  of  persistence  of  vision,  and 
thirty  sound  vibrations  per  minute  are 
probably  the  least  number  which  the 
ear  can  recognize.  The  lowest  note  on 
a  seven-octave  piano  has  about  thirty- 
three  vibrations  per  second,  and  middle 
C  about  246.  It  is  the  striking  or 
meshing  of  the  gear  and  pinion  teeth 
which  causes  the  "purring"  of  the 
streetcar  motor,  and  if  the  tone  caused 


No.  to. 


FRASER&  CHALMERS    3^0—  J<  &v 


Call  attention  to  this  fac  simile  letter. 
They  have  others  equally  strong,  tes- 
tifying to  the  unqualified  success  of 
the  Rielder  System. 


a  ff , 


Go. 


Fraser  &  Chalmers 

Chicago,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A.,  and 

43    thread  needle  St.,  E.  C,  London. 

Works  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A. 
and  Erith,  Kent,  England. 

Branch  Offices: 

2  Wall  St.,  New  York. 

City  of  Mexico,  Mexico. 

Helena,  Montana. 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colorado. 


RSKfi  r\A^0&S^ -MININC  COMPANY 

%3«y4*  oPjdmS.  C#£*6>)July  31st. 

William  J.  Chalmers  Esqr. 

Pres.   FYaser  &  Chalmers. 
Chicago.       111. 


'<*. 


Mining  and  Ore-Treating  Machinery 
of  every  description,  Huntington  Cen- 
trifugal Roller  Mills,  Riedler  Pumping 
Engines  and  Air  Compressors,  Corliss 
Engines,  Boilers,  etc 


Dear  Sir:- 

Your  letter  of  July  7th.    is  duly  received. 

In  regard   to  your  enquiry  regarding  our  Riedlor  Compre- 
ssor, supplied  by  your  Coy.over  eight  months  ago, I  must  say,tliat 
the  Compressor  is  giving  excellent  results, and  every  satisfaction, 
while   running  either  by  steam, or  water  power. 

During  the  last  twelve  years, I  have   seen  spEFatsot.ard 
have   operated, many  different  makes  of  air  Compressors, including 
the  Eclipse, Reliance, Burleigh, National, Rix,&  Firth, Ingersoll 
Sargent, etc. etc. anl   in  no  instance, have  any  of  the  above  given  tfie 
results  of  the  Riedler.     Therefore, I  have   no  hesitation  in  saying 
that  the   Riedler,  is  the   best, anl  most  economical  Compressor  on  the 
market  today.     We  have  made  compantive  tests  here, of  the   Ingersol 
Sargent, and  Riedler.whioh  show, greatly  in  favour  of  the  Riedler. 
Yours  very  truly. 


ai^^zt^^^ 


SyV~ 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


•  M ANUFACTU  R  KRS    OF  - 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required, 


y?  " •   '  ♦♦♦A    SPECIALTY.  +-f+ 

OFFICE    AND    1A/ORKS:      34     and     36    main     Street,      Sen     Francisco,     Ceil 


by  the  meshing  teeth  has  a  pitch  of 
"middle  C,"  we  know  that  261  teeth 
are  meshing  per  second.  Then  the 
number  of  teeth  on  gear  being  known, 
also  the  diameter  of  the  car  wheel,  it 
is  comparatively  easy  to  calculate  the 
speed  of  the  car  at  the  instant  the 
sound  observation  was  made,  in  spite 
of  all  efforts  of  the  company  to  prevent 
the  car  speed  from  being  known. — 
Cassier's  Magazine. 


Doesn't  Pay  to  Pick  Up  Nails. 


P.  &  B.  PAINT. 

i^t  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  pr™f  iirmi 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS  and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


A  very  striking  illustration  of  what 
the  low  cost  of  manufactures  of  iron 
and  steel  really  means  is  furnished  by 
a  remark  incidentally  made  by  William 
Garrett,  of  Joliet,  111.,  the  famous  in- 
ventor of  the  rod  mill  which  bears  his 
name.  In  a  lecture  at  Joliet,  says  the 
Iron  Age,  he  stated  that  "wire  nails 
are  sold  so  cheaply  that  it  is  estimated 
that  if  a  carpenter  drops  a  nail  it  is 
cheaper  to  let  it  lie  than  to  consume 
the  carpenter's  time  to  lift  and  use  it, 
and  it  is  claimed  by  good  authority 
that  one  keg  out  of  five  is  never  used 
but  goes  to  waste."  We  have  had  the 
curiosity  to  do  some  figuring  on  the 
proposition  made.  Assuming  that  it 
takes  a  carpenter  ten  seconds  to  pick 
up  a  nail  which  he  has  dropped,  and 
that  his  time  is  worth  thirty  cents  an 
hour,  the  recovery  of  the  nail  would 
cost  0.083  cent.  There  are  200  six- 
penny nails  in  a  pound,  which  is  worth, 
at  90  cents  base  and  65-cent  average 
per  keg,  1.55  cents  per  pound.  This 
would  make  the  money  value  of  the  in- 
dividual nail  0.0077  cent.  Or  in  other 
words  it  would  not  pay  to  pick  up  ten 
nails,  if  it  took  ten  seconds  of  time 
worth  thirty  cents  an  hour  to  do  it  in. 


F».  &  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  iitiS^Livl 


RandDrillCo. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnocl:  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado  830 City  nf  Mexico 


14 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  5,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Fbahcisco,  Jan.  3,  1895. 

The  eclipse  of  '94  still  surrounds  lead  and 
silver,  "  sixty  and  three  "  being  the  continued 
quotation.  Neither  the  proposed  Japan  loan 
nor  Congressional  action  or  inaction  seem  to 
affect  the  moribund  market.  Kansas  City 
and  New  York  men  have  this  week  shipped 
large  quantities  of  bar  silver  to  the  City  of 
Mexico,  to  be  coined  at  the  Government  mints 
into  Mexican  silver  dollars.  Transportation 
and  mintage  charges  amount  to  nearly  seven 
per  cent.  A  member  of  the  shipping  firms 
says:  "The  Mexican  silver  dollar  is  at  a 
premium  of  about  seven  per  cent  and  foreign 
exchange  in  Mexico  is  at  a  discount  of  about 
seven  per  cent,  a  condition  the  reverse  of  that 
which  now  prevails  in  the  United  States. 
This  is  illustrative  of  the  fact  that  countries 
on  a  silver  basis  are  prospering  on  the  low 
price  of  silver,  while  gold-basis  countries  are 
suffering."  ,  ,  '  . 

A  circular  issued  by  the  freight  department 
of  the  Southern  Pacific  to  its  agents  states 
that,  until  further  advices,  the  rate  of  ex- 
change between  Mexican  and  American  monej 
will  be  S2.02.  Fractions  of  five-tenths  or  over 
will  be  considered  one  cent,  and  fractions  of 
less  than  five-tenths  will  be  dropped. 
New  York  Prices. 

New  Yohk,  Jan.  3.— Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, Silver  in . 

London.    N.  T.     Copper.      Lead. 

Friday        27M       60  9  50  3  00 

Saturday 2T«       5956         9  40  3  03 

Monday ZM       ®%         

Tuesday ■■•■  

Wednesday 2TV4       5»»         ■■•■  ■■;.••■ 

Thursday 2754      59S£         ....  

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@| 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7(s»8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender .  .7 

New  York  Sight  Draft ■  .100 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer.     12'/.c 

London  Bankers'  60  days. &J-88 

London  Merchants •  ■&*. 86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.89"/. 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce ;a,;SM 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 5014@5l 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 

Perlb —  @     10 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots —  ®       6% 

Powdered,         "     —  <s>       &% 

•  Joncentrated,  "     —  @       6a 

COPPER. 

3olt 20  @      — 

Sheathing 21  @     — 

Ingot,  jobbing —  @      17 

Ingot,  wholesale 13  @      14 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 5  25  ®  5  50 

IRON. 

American  Son 14  00  @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00  @18  00 

STEEL. 

English.lb 16  @      18 

PIG  TIN. 

Perlb 17  @      — 

ZINC. 

Sheet 8«@ 

LEAD. 

Pig —  @      395 

Bar —  @     4  25 

Sheet —  @     5  25 

Pipe —  @      4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs. .  .$1  25 

Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "...  145 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,      "  "...  145 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    ® 

COAL. 

SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $750 

Greta 7  50 

Nanaimo 

Gilman 

Seattle 

Coos  Bay 

Cannel 

Egg,  hard 

Wallsend 

Scotch  Splint 

Brymbo 

West  Hartley 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  25    @ 

Liverpool  Steam 6  25    @ 

Scotch  Splint 6  62^@ 

Cardiff 6  37%@ 

Lehigh  Lump 850    @ 

Cumberland 850    @ 

Egg,  hard 900    @ 

West  Hartley 700    @ 

COKE. 

English,  to  load 9  00    @ 

"        spot,  in  bulk @ 

"        in  sacks @ 

Cumberland 9  00    @ 


6  25 
5  75 

7  00 
5  50 

8  00 
12  00 

7  00 

8  00 

7  50 

8  00 


9  50 

11  50 

12  50 


How  the  mysterious  principle  of  life 
fights  to  maintain  the  heat  of  a  body, 
and  then  finally  surrenders,  is  curiously 
illustrated  by  Pictet,  the  Genevese 
chemist.  A  dog  placed  in  a  copper  re- 
ceiver, kept  at  from  75°  to  130°  below 
zero  Fahr.,  became  warmer  than  when 
he  was  put  in  by  half  a  degree  during 
the  first  ten  minutes;  and  after  an  hour 
and  a  half  he  was  only  one  degree 
colder.  But  soon  afterward  the  animal 
suddenly  died. 


A  world's  pair  will  be  held  in  Am- 
sterdam this  year,  opening  on  May  1st 
and  closing  on  November  1st.  Mon- 
treal proposes  to  hold  one  in  1896,  Bal- 
timore in  1897  and  Paris  soon  after- 
ward. 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  amd  Other  San  Francisco  Journals 
ASSESSMENTS. 
Amt.         Levied,  Delinq't  and  title.  Secretary. 

10c       Nov  28,  Jan     3,  Jan  24 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

"25c       Nov  12,  Dec    18,  Jan     8 M  Jaffe,  309  Montgomery 

"5c  "Dec    11,  Jan  16,  Feb  15 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

'5c       Nov  12,  Dec    14,  Jan    11 C  C  Harvey,  309  Montgomery 

'  25c' ' '  Nov  23,  Dec  29,  Jan  23 A  B  Thompson.  309  Montgomery 

10c       Nov  14,  Dec    19,  Jan     9 G  D  Edwards,  414  California 

25c       Dec     5,  Jan     8,  Jan   29 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

15c       Nov  19,  Dec  27,  Jan  21 M  E  Willis.  309  Montgomery 

25c       Dee    10,  Jan    14,  Feb    4 R  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

10c       Nov  14  Dec    19,  Jan     9 G  D  Edwards,  414  California 

pSMn,"»"f;iii:  43       25c .'.'.' .Dec    11,  Jan    14,  Feb    5 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

5?ln  ™  M  rv,  Npv      85       20c. ..  .Deo     4  Jan     7,  Jan   28 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

1  filer mil  nct     34  '      5c. . .  .Nov  19  Dec  26,  Jan   16 DC  Bates,  309  Montgomery 

UnTonConSMCoNev" '.'.50. ..  .20c. ..  .Nov  22,  Dec  87,  Jan   16 C  C  Harvey,  309  Montgomery 

MEETINGS. 
Company  and  Location.  Secretary  and  Office  in  S.F.  Date. 

Rniiinn  m  On  Nev  R  R  Grayson,  331  Pine Jan  10 

lurra NeVad'a M  Coi  Nev'.  WW   EL  Parker,  309  Montgomery Jan  16 

Silver  King  M  Co,  Nev J  W  Pew,  310  Pine.... 


Compiled  Every  Tlmrsday  frol 

Company  and  Location.  iVo. 

AltaSMCo,  Nev 48.. 

Best  &  Belcher  M  Co,  Nev 57.. 

Bulwer  Con  M  Co,  Cal 10. . 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co,  Oal 38.. 

Hale  &  Norcross,  Nev 106. . 

Kentuck  Con,  Nev 72. . 

Mexican  G  &  S  M  Co,  Nev 51. . 

Mono  G  M  Co,  Cal 34. . 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 64. . 

Overman  S  M  Co,  Nev <•' 


.Jan   8 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  3,  1S95. 

The  regular  holiday  demoralization,  added 
to  an  apathetic  market,  made  a  depressing 
total  for  the  old  year.  '95  opens  better,  there 
being  a  noticeable  improvement  in  value  and 
volume.  Work  has  been  resumed  in  the  Seg. 
Belcher,  Kentuck,  Crown  Point  and  Yellow 
Jacket.  Crown  Point  is  shipping  ore  to  the 
Mexican  mill,  and  the  Con.  Cal.  and  Va.  to 
the  Morgan  mill.  During  the  last  month  of 
'94,  local  mining  incorporations  disbursed 
$114,000  in  dividends. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


MINES. 

27 

3 

36 

$      12 
36 

68 

96 
66 

97 

80 

23 

37 
40 

52 

85 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

3  70 

3  80 

73 

70 

43 

90 
22 
64 
1  60 
21 
33 
32 
51 
54 

42 

1  15 

24 

64 

1  60 

22 

39 

27 

55 

40 

42 

San  Francisco  Stock  Boan 

1  Sales. 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  3,  1895. 

9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 


97 


700  Alpha 

500  Alta 

150  Belcher 

350  Best  &  Belcher.. 

100  Bullion 23 

100  Bulwer 05 

lOOChollar 52 

100  Con  Cal  &  Va 3  80 

20  Confidence — 
100  Gould  &  Curry 
200  Hale  &  Norcross..!  10 
250 1  15 


300  Kentuck 

900  L.  Wash 

300  Mexican 

350  Ophir 

500  Overman 

lOOPotosi 

200 

500  Savage 

200  S.  B.  &  M 

200  Sierra  Nevada . . 
600  Yellow  Jacket.. 
50 


SECOND  SESSION— 2:  30  P.  M. 

100  G&C.   .   .. 


100  Alpha 

700  Alta 41 

200 42 

100  Andes 

200  Belcher 

100 

100  Best  &  Belcher... .  95 

250Bodie 80 

100  Bullion 22 

50 21 

60  C.  C.  V 3  75 

200  Crown  Point 70 


500  Hale  &  Norcross. .  1 

100    1 

200  Justice 

100  Kentuck 

500  L  Wash 

500  Mexican 

lOOPotosi 

100  Savage 

50  Sierra  Nevada 
500  Yellow  Jacket 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention: 

Can-Testing  Machine.— Joseph  Black,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  No.  531,616.  Dated  Dec.  25, 
1S94.  This  invention  consists  of  a  vertically 
^rotating  wheel,  the  lower  periphery  of  which 
""dips  into  a  tank  of  water.  Above  the  top  of 
the  wheel  is  a  mechanism  by  which  cans  are 
delivered,  so  that  as  the  wheel  rotates  a  can 
will  be  received  between  clamps  upon  the 
periphery  of  the  wheel,  which  press  against 
the  ends  of  the  can.  The  end  of  the  can  hav- 
ing an  opening,  fits  against  the  mechanism 
through  which  air  is  admitted  under  pressure 
into  the  can,  and  then  if  the  can  leaks  in  any 
way  it  will  be  shown  by  bubbles  escaping 
from  it  when  it  passes  into  the  water  tank. 
Two  chutes  are  arranged  near  the  tank,  so 
that  as  the  cans  rise  out  of  the  water  those 
which  are  perfect  are  delivered  into  one  of  the 
chutes,  and  those  whiuh  show  signs  of  leakage 
are  delivered  into  the  other  to  be  repaired. 
The  mechanism  operates  automatically,  with 
the  exception  of  the  discharge  of  the  defective 
cans,  which  may  be  effected  by  the  movement 
of  a  lever  by  an  operator. 

Tellurian. — Cornelius  G.  Sullivan,  Wood- 
land, Cal.  No.  531,399.  Dated  Dec.  25,  1894. 
The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a 
simple  and  inexpensive  instrument  for  illus- 
trating the  movement  of  the  earth  and  moon 
about  the  sun,  the  movement  of  the  moon 
about  the  earth,  solar  and  lunar  eclipses,  and, 
finally,  to  illustrate  the  cause  of  the  tides  in 
connection  with  what  may  be  termed  the 
"centrifugal  theory.1'  The  tellurian  consists 
of  a  primary  body;  a  suspending  line,  acting 


by  torsion  to  rotate  said  body ;  a  secondary 
body,  and  a  connection  between  said  second- 
ary body  and  the  primary  body,  whereby  the 
former  is  caused  to  revolve  about  the  latter 
by  the  rotation  of  said  primary  body.  In  the 
simplest  form  of  the  device  the  two  bodies 
may  be  mere  balls,  the  larger  or  primary  body, 
representing  the  sun,  being  suspended  by- 
means  of  a  twisting  string.  A  wire  bracket 
connected  with  this  larger  ball  suspends,  by 
means  of  another  twisting  string,  a  smaller  or 
secondary  ball  representing  the  earth,  and 
from  this  ball  is  supported,  by  means  of  a  wire 
arm,  a  satellite  body  or  ball  representing  the 
moon.  The  operator  has  only  to  hold  or  other- 
wise suspend  the  device  from  the  main  line, 
having  first  properly  twisted  both  the  sus- 
pending strings,  and  the  proper  motions  are 
imparted  by  the  torsion  of  said  strings.  These 
means  for  giving  the  movements  simplify  the 
instrument  and  make  it  possible  to  economi- 
cally construct  it  and  supply  it  to  all  schools. 
Glove. — Reuben  Raymond,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  No.  531,386.  Dated  Dec.  25,  1894.  The 
main  object  in  this  glove  is  to  avoid  any  seam 
in  the  crease  or  line  of  the  hall  of  the  thumb, 
thus  making  it  seamless.  Another  object  is 
to  conform  the  thumb  of  the  glove  to  the  nat- 
ural position  of  the  thumb  of  the  hand,  both  in 
front  and  back.  The  glove  is  constructed  of  a 
main  portion  fashioned  to  form  the  front,  one 
side  and  the  index  and  small  fingers  of  the 
body  of  the  glove,  said  portion  having  formed 
integral  with  the  palm  thereof  the  front  of 
the  thumb ;  a  piece  secured  along  one  edge  in 
the  back  of  the  main  portion  of  the  glove,  and 
which  forms  the  back  of  the  second  and  third 
fingers;  fourchettes  forming  the  front  and 
sides  of  said  fingers,  and  an  independent  piece 
which  forms  the  back  of  the  thumb,  said  piece 
having  a  point  which  is  stitched  to  the  base  of 
the  back  of  the  index  finger  and  to  the  adjoin- 
ing side  of  the  back  piece. 


List  of   U.  5.   Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported  by   Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer  Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  CoaBt. 


FOR   WEEK  ENDING    DECEMBER  25,    1894, 

531,495.—- Cartridge  Crimper— T.  R.  Barney,  S,  F. 
531,616.— Can-Testing  Machine— Jos.  Black,  S.  F. 
531,588.— Brake— Dickinson    &   Warnec,    Tacoma, 

Wash. 
531,372.— Shoulder  Brace— W.  M.  Gamble,  New 

Whatcom,  Wash. 
53i,535.— Harvester— G.  W.   Ingersoll,  Stockton, 

531,378.— Gate— J.  E.  Knapp,  Brownsville,  Ogn. 

531,386.— Glove— R.  Raymond,  S.  F. 

531,571— Animal  Trap— V.  J.   Scherb,  Pasadena, 

Cal. 
531,399.— Tellurian— C.    G.   Sullivan,  Woodland, 

Cal. 
581,451.— Can-Head  Die— N.  Trayer,  Astoria,  Ogn. 
531,580.— Cinch  Plate— A.  P.  Weeks,  Santa  Cruz, 

Cal. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
niBhed  by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 
by  mail  or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  For- 
eign patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  business 
for  Pacific  Coast  inventors  transacted  with  perfect 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the  shortest 
possible  time. 


Every  Inventor  Wants  a  Good  Patent 

Or  none  at  all.  To  secure  the  best  patents 
Inventors  have  only  to  address  Dewey  &  Co., 
Pioneer  Patent  Agents,  No.  220  Market  St., 
San  Francisco. 

There  are  many  good  reasons  why  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  should  patronize  this  Home  Agency. 

It  is  the  ablest,  largest,  best,  most  con- 
venient, economical  and  speedy  for  all  Pacific 
Coast  patrons. 

It  is  the  oldest  on  this  side  of  the  American 
continent,  most  experienced,  and  in  every  way 
reliable. 

Conducted  from  1863  by  its  present  owners 
(A.  T.  Dewey,  W.  B.  Ewer  and  Geo.  H. 
Strong),  this  agency  has  the  best  knowledge 
of  patents  already  issued  and  of  the  state  of 
the  arts  in  all  lines  of  inventions  most  com- 
mon on  this  coast. 

Patents  secured  in  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Mexico,  all  British  colonies  and 
provinces,  England  and  other  civilized  coun- 
tries throughout  the  globe. 

Caveats  filed,  assignments  duly  prepared, 
examinations  made,  and  a  general  Patent 
Agency  business  conducted. 

Established  and  successfully  and  popularly 
conducted  for  nearly  thirty  years,  our  patrons 
number  many  thousands,  to  whom  we  refer 
with  confidence,  as  men  of  influence  and  re- 
liability. Old  and  new  inventors  are  cordially 
offered  the  complimentary  use  of  our  library 
and  free  advice,  etc.  No  other  agency  can 
afford  Pacific  States  inventors  half  the  ad- 
vantages possessed  by  this  old,  well-tried  and 
experienced  firm. 

Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
sis  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  50  cents  additional  pe' 
volume. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION  having 
received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic  pro- 
cess from  Mello  &  Costa.  In  the  Spring:  Valley  mine, 
near  Cherokee,  Butte  Co..  to  deposit  tailings  on  flat 
ground;  from  H.  E.  Picket.  In  the  Kentucky  Flat 
mine,  near  Georgetown.  El  Dorado  Co..  to  deposit 
tailings  behind  a  dam  in  North  Otter  creek;  from 
Wm.  Johnson,  in  his  mine  near  Volcano,  Amador 
Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  In  Clapboard 
guleh ;  from  El  Dorado  Water  and  Deep  Gravel  Min- 
ing Co.,  in  the  Henrietta  mine,  near  Placerville,  El 
Dorado  Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a 
dry  ravine;  from  Leroy  Hedge,  in  hiB  mine  near 
Brownsville,  Yuba  Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a 
dam  in  a  ravine;  from  Rolland  &  Vanderburg,  in 
the  Epley  mine,  near  Placerville,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to 
deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a  ravine;  from  the 
York  Mining  Co.,  in  its  mine  near  Brownsville, 
Yuba  Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a 
ravine;  from  Hancock  &  Daly,  In  the  Last  Chance 
mine,  near  Placerville,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  deposit 
tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a  ravine;  from  Goodman 
Bros,  and  Goodman  &  Bund,  in  their  mines  near 
Volcano,  Amador  Co..  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a 
dam  in  Ashland  creek;  from  Hadley  &  Bolles,  in  the 
49  Flat  mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co.,  to  Impound 
tailings  behind  a  dam  in  49  gulch;  and  from  G.  A. 
Melnecke  et  al.,  in  the  Fine  Gold  mine,  near  Valll- 
cita,  Calaveras  Co.,  to  impound  tailings  behind 
dams  in  a  dry  ravine,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting 
will  be  held  at  Room  No.  92.  Flood  Building,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  on  Jan.  14. 1895.  at  1:30  p.  m. 


♦  THE  -f 

Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J.  F.  KEMP,  A.  J3.,  E.  M.,  Professor  of  Geology 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 

Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  new 
Illustrations. 

A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coast.  Sent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $4.00.    Address 

Mining;  and  Scientific  Press, 

220  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


DIVIDEND     NOTICE. 


THE  GERMAN  SAVINGS  AND  LOAN  SOCIETY 

526  California  Street. 

For  the  half  year  ending  December  31,  1894,  a 
dividend  has  been  declared  at  the  rate  of  five  (5) 
per  cent  per  annum  on  Term  Deposits,  and  four 
and  one-sixth  (4  1-6)  per  cent  per  annum  on  Ordi- 
nary Deposits,  payable  on  and  after  WEDNES- 
DAY, January  2, 1895. 


GEO.  TOURNY,  Secretary. 


Books   on   Working  Ores. 

By  GUIDO  KUSTEL,  M.  E. 
Roasting  of  Gold  and  SILVER  Ores  (Second  Edl 

tlon)    and    the    Extraction   of    their   Respective 

Metals  Without  Quicksilver.    By  Guido  Kostel 

M.  E. 

This  rare  hook  on  the  treatment  of  gold  and  Bllver 
ore  without  quicksilver  is  liberally  Illustrated 
and  crammed  full  of  facts.  It  gives  short  and  con- 
cise descriptions  of  various  processes  and  appara- 
tus employed  in  this  country  and  in  Europe  and  the 
why  and  wherefore.  It  contains  15H  pages,  embrac- 
ing illustrations  of  furnaces,  supplements  and  work- 
ing apparatus.  It  is  a  work  of  great  merit,  by  an 
author  whose  reputation  is  unsurpassed  in  his 
specialty.  Price,  $3,  postpaid.  For  sale  by  THE 
DEWEY  PUBLISHING  CO.,  220 Market  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisc. 

BY  C.H.AARON. 

AAliONS   LEACHING    GOLD   AND   SILVER  ORES,  the 

most  complete  hand-book  on  the  subject  extant; 
164  pages,  octavo.  Illustrated  by  twelve  lithographic 
engravings  and  four  wood  cuts.  Fully  indexed. 
Plainly  written  for  practical  men.  In  cloth,  $3.  Sold 
by  THE  MLNING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220 
Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


Practical  Treatise  on  Hydraulic  Mining. 


By  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  JE. 

This  new  and  Important  book  is  on  the  use  and 
construction  of  Ditches,  Flumes,  Dams.  Pipes,  Flow 
of  Water  on  heavy  grades,  methods  of  mining  shal- 
low and  deep  placers,  history  and  development  of 
mines,  records  of  gold  washing,  mechanical  appli- 
ances, such  as  nozzles,  hurdy-gurdyB,  rockers,  un- 
dercurrents, etc.;  also  describes  methods  of  blast- 
ing; tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and  dump;  duty  of 
miners'  inch,  etc.  A  very  practical  work  for  gold 
miners  and  users  of  water.  Price,  ¥5,  postpaid 
For  sale  by  THE'MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS, 
220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


INVENTORS,       Take       Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

226  MARKET  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasswork.  All  communica- 
tions aPrtctly  confidential. 


20-Stamp  Mill   for  Sale. 

In  Southern  California,  a  20-stamp  Gold  Quartz 
Mill,  with  engine,  boiler,  self-feeders,  rock- 
breaker,  etc. 

As  the  premises  are  adjacent  to  Railroad,  the 
Mill  could  be  conveniently  removed.  Can  be  had 
at  low  price  for  cash.  Address;  "Quartz  Mill," 
care  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  San  Fran- 
cisco, 


January  5,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


15 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  I860. 

Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


Reliance  Works. 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

sun  l-'niiifl* Cal.  ".i  Htiln Street. 

li    D    SANSON    Muniwi-r. 


Denver,  Col.  I.11G  tilehteenlh  Street. 

\v    II    BMANOBL,  Agent. 

Sew  York  City  .  -ill   f.'urtlnndl   Hti t. 

P.  A     I.AItKIN.   MBnUBUr. 

S0I1  Home  Inn,  Itullrtlllir. 

J.  II.  ALLAN    Muniiwr 

MlnnenuoIlM,  Mini ItGCorn  Rxehuuire. 

J.  P.  hahkison.  Manairor. 


< '■-■•■  Hi- 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  HACHINERY. 


Union    Iron  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-fflflNUFACTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed   Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  Mills, 

manty  <~riill   Mills.  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Oodd  Sigmoidal  Water  Wheel, 

PU/V\PS  -Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and   Lead   F"urnaces,        /Vll  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^az^SHIP  BUILDERS.      *       BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *       HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.^P^ 


NKW  VOIlli   OPFIOK:      US    Q  ROrt  D\A/«  "V. 


MBIE  ADDKKSS:     "UINIOIN.- 


TlltMcGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 

CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      frank  barrere.  secretary  and  Manager. 


works,  I  32 


PATKNTKD  SKPTKMHKU   1!'.   I*1 

i  an  be  Bet'ii  in  opei*atlou  at  the 
.Main  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Office,  1  16  Davis  Street. 

NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 

SM VED  

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 

amarvkl  of  Simplicity,  Durability  and  Effectiveness, 
combining' both  Side  and  End  Motion  with  a  Bumping 
Belt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  belt  and  amount  of  PER- 
CUSSION cnslb  and  quickly  regulated,  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

t  Ai-AciTY  about  ten  tuns.  Only  one-tentb  horsepower 
required.    Adapted  tor  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PRICK *3fl0   KAC'H 

Including  prepared  canvas  bell  i  ft.  ii  ins.  wide. 


Falls  Mink,  Iqo,  Shasta  Co..  Cal.,  May  25th.  1898. 
The  McGlrw  CoscBNl'liATOK  Company:— I   lake  much 
jiln"?  your  very  superior  Orp  Conceu- 


ato 


\VI 


i  I  w;i 


*d  to 


examine   your 


trator,  I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring-  that  I  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Erne,  as  after  many  years'  experience 
with  different  concentrators.  I  believed  them  to  be  llie 
best. 

Now.  after  :i  thorough  trial  of  the  McOlew  Ore  Concen- 
trator, on  ores  -difficult  ol  concentration.  I  emphatically 
pronounce  It  the  besl  concentrator  of  any  I  have  ever 
used  in  handling  my  oreB.  it  Is  doing  CLEANER  and 
closer  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  every  hour,  dried, 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  *  *  *  from  West  ledge,  a 
saving- by  your  concentrator  of  94J^  per  cent:  from  East 
ledge,  *  *  *  a  saving  of  92  per  cent.  The  concentrator 
runs  very  easy  and  requires  but  slight  attention.  One 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

You  have  a  (rood  concentrator,  and  it  can  be  relied  upon 
to  handle  any  ore  that  will  concentrate.  I  most  heartily 
recommend  it  to  the  mining  public.  Yours  respectfully, 
E.  L.  BALLOU.  Propr.  Ballon  Reduction  Works. 


THE  @  PELTON  ©WATER ©WHEEL! 

EMBRACING  IN  ITS  VARIATIONS  OP  CONSTRUCTION  AND  APPLICATION 

^ — THE       PELTON       SYSTEM       OE       POWER.^-»^^«»<- 

The  mum  simple  and  efficient  water  power  appliance  for  mining,  electric  or  other  service.     Pull  and  reliable  information  given  regarding  any  proposed  application  upon  receipt  of  the  necessary  data 

The  F»elton  Water  W/heel  Co.,  1:21  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

>  THE  GATES  ORE  AND  ROCK  CRUSHER! 

SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS  FOR  EITHER  MINING  OR  ROAD  WORK.       SEND  FOR  CIRCULAR. 

THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO.  .  .  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  .  .  General  Western  Agents. 


niNE  m  bell  m  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and   In  Force  in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 

ROR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE.  12  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
Ihe  Voorhles  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  ana  approved  March  8,  1893.  The  law  is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  of  Mine  Bell  Signals  to  Be  Used  in  All  Mines  Operated  in  the 
State  of  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Miners."  We  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  cloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  SO  cents  a  copy.  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  2*20  Market 
Street.  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


03~  Send  for  Price    List. 


THE    JUDSON 

Dynamite  and  Powder  Co. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


Dynamite  and  Blasting  Powders, 

300  Market  Street,  San  Francisco. 

DIRECTORS— AlvinzaHayward,  Jos.  Knowland.Bartlett  Doe, C.S.  Benedict, Ed.  G.  Lukens  (President), 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS 

2.2.0  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


16 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  o. 


1895. 


OVER     4000     IN     ACTUAL     USE. 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  2f,  1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


Price  of  4-foot  wide  Plain  Frue  Tanner $500,  f.  o.  u. 

"  «  "       Improved  Belt  Frue  Tanner 600,  f.  o.  l>. 

"      6-foot     "       Plain  Belt  Frue  Tanner 600,  f.  o.  b. 


For  any  information,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Browndl, 

(Successor   to   Adams  &  Carter.,; 

AGENT  FOR  THE 

FRUE  ORE   CONCENTRATOR, 

132  MARKET  ST., 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY,  FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal,  f 

C.  J.  Clark,  M.  E.,  Gen'l,  Supt.  Dee.  IS.  1891.     \ 

MESSRS.  ADAMS  &  CARTER,  San  Francisco.  Cal.— Dear  Sirs:  During  my  experience  in 
mining  and  milling:,  I  have  used  twenty -four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  on  different 
kinds  of  ore.  both  gold  and  silver.  I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  with  other 
widely  putfed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Frue  in  first  place.  When  I 
built  this  mill  (20  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  in  order  to  save  space  and 
machinery.  I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 
Twelvemonths.  They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 
tons  per  day,  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.  They  require  no  more  attention 
than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.  I  have  run  them  up  to 
80  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.  They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as 
the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double,  capacity  with  the  same  bearings  and 
wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil,  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 
My  repair  account  for  the  past  six  months  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.  In  order  to 
give  an  id'^of  the  work  they  are  doing  here,  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 
from  $5  tr,s2  -■="■  ton  and  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  00  cts.  per  ton.  I  will  conclude  by 
saying  V  ■!£  ■  not  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  is  the  only  table 
that  I\v  &.  e  in  my  mill.  C.  J.  CLARK,  Gen'l  Supt. 


RISDON  IRON//WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Ho>  ard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address:     "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 


-^sss^nANUFACTURERS    OF^^^ 


Johnston's  Concentrator, 
Challenge  Ore  Feeders, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 


Bryan  Mills, 

Air  Compressors, 


THE  WOODBURY  ORB  CONCENTRATOR  WITH  IMPROVED  BELTS SBffiHH  SSj"¥{T,S7Si"!"'X'£S, 

the  space  of  any  other  concentrator.  Built  of  best  Steel  and  Wrought  Iron.  Strong  and  durable.  Price  J$575  f.  o.  b.  Send  for  Catalogue  and  Testimonials. 
The  annexed  cut  shows  the  belt  in  its  improved  form,  which  consists  of  corrugated  edges,  to  form  an  expanding  top  edge.  THE  IMPROVED  MACHINE 
HAS  THE  FOLLOWING  MERITS:  First— The  Improved  rtelis.  which  consist  'if  seven,  are  constructed  and  arranged  so  :is  m  allow  each  bell  to  receive  a 
portion  of  the  pulp  in  such  a  manner  as  to  relieve  the  machine  of  its  load,  thereby  giving  it  twice   I  he  capacity  of  oilier  concentrators,  and  enabling1  it  to 

work  from  12  to  15  tons  of  ore  per  day.    Second— The  machine  equalizes  the  load  by  several  com- 

itli  much  less  attention  than  is  necessary  to  give 


at  Me chan: 

Jess  power 


1800   and    1801 

less  than  one,-Ualf 


Geo,  E.  Woodbury 

Manufacturer, 
141  to  143 

First  St., 
San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 


wide  1 


elts  on  this  machine  takes  care  of  the  pulp  that 
om  running  to  the  lower  side  of  it,  as  is  the  case 
when  a  machine  becomes  out  of  level  where 
wide  bells  are  used.  Third— The  belts  run  on  a 
perfect  line,  needing  no  adjustment  to  prevent 
their  running  from  side  to  side,  as  in  other  con- 
centrators. Fourth— The  belt  surfaces  are  im- 
proved by  indentations  and  corrugations. 
causing  the  Concentrator  to  save  fine  sul- 
phurets  and  quicksilver,  and  perform  close 
work.  Fifth— The  belts  have  fluted  or  corru- 
gated edges,  to  form  an  expanded  top  edge, 
which  effectually  prevents  from  cracking. 
Sixth— The  feed  arrangement  is  perfect. 
Seventh— The  machine  is  constructed  of  iron, 
wilh  steel  crank-shaft  self-oiling  boxes,  and 
everything  made  hi  the  most  thorough  manner, 
enabling  it  to  run  with  very  little  attention  or 
wear. 

This   Concentrator  took  the  1st  prize  at 
the  San  Francisco  Mechanics' Institute  in  K/l    Tj.m^-NTm-Dn 

1890,  1891  ami  1802,    and    at    the    Califor-  ^^0*  JIM/    V       H,    ,  ,r  ' 

nia  State    Fair  in   1893;   it  took    the    1st  '■^     Au%-  1J   1M9U- 

prize  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  1893,  and  at  the  San  Francisco  Midwinter  Fair,  1894. 


HAVE   YOU   A   MINE?     If  so  do  not  fail  to  see 

Parke  &  Lacy  Co/s  Stock  of 

MINING  MACHINERY 


SOLD  AT  LOW  PRICES. 

12\  and  :23  Rremont  Street,         .... 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


NOTICE   TO   GOLD  MINERS ! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving;  Gold 


IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES. 


MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 


AT   REDUCED    PRICES. 

plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

^~vaaBlBZ&Z&~  Incorporated^  "*^jWit?nTtti im   ^ 

■  send  for  circulars.  68, 10  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,AQ 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  *» 
Mining  Flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  ADD  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carton  Assay  Furnaces. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLL'MK    LXX. 

N  mil  I..-I    3. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  12,  1895. 


TIIKKK    DOLLARS    1'KK   ANNUM   . 

Single  Copleai  Ten  Cent*. 


Chlorination   Mill. 


We  illustrate  this  week  one  of  tin-  improved  mills 
for  working  concentrates.     It  will  be  noticed 
that  the  roasting  is  done  in  a  reverberatory 

furnace,  as  this  style  has  proven  the  most 
satisfactory,  We  give  a  description  of  the 
mill  and  the  process,  as  described  by  the 
manufacturers: 

When  concentrators  or  vanuers  are  used  in 
gold  mills,  their  product  is  known  as  "  con- 
centrates "  or  '■  sulphurets."  These  contain 
the  residue  of  the  precious  metals  that  has 
escaped  amalgamation  in  the  battery  and  on 
the  "  plates."  The  value  of  a  ton  of  these 
concentrates  is  usually  many  times  greater 
than  the  original  value  of  a  ton  of  the  ore 
from  which  they  have  been  extracted,  and  it 
is  for  the  purpose  of  extracting  this  value 
from  the  concentrates  that  the  chlorination 
mill  is  used.  Assuming  that  the  ore  from 
which  the  concentrates  came  contained  two 
and  one-hall  per  cent  of  sulphurets,  then  two 
and  one-half  tons  would  represent  the  prod- 
uct of  a  one  hundred-ton  mill;  if  five  per  cent, 
a  fifty-ton  mill,  and  if  ten  per  cent,  a  twenty- 
live  ton  mill.  The  cost  of  treating  concen- 
I  rates  in  these  mills  ranges  from  $8  to  $15 
per  ton.  Large  gold  mines  frequently  have 
their  chlorination  mill  in  connection  with 
their  stamp  mill.  The  following  description 
very  clearly  illustrates  this  process: 

The  ore  treated  is  quartz,  carrying  free 
gold,  pyrites,  galena,  chalcopyrite,  arseno- 
pyrite  and  zinc  blende.  It  is  first  crushed  in 
rock-breakers  and  then  stamped  fine  enough 
to  pass  through  a  forty-mesh  screen;  then  it 
passes  as  a  slime  over  silver-plated  copper 
amalgamating  plates  to  the  concentrators. 
The  free  gold  is  saved  in  the  stamp  batteries 
and  on  the  plates;  the  sulphurets  are  col- 
lected by  the  concentrators.  The  latter  are 
dried  and  then  roasted,  chlorinated  and 
leached.  The  roasting  is  done  in  a  reverber- 
atory furnace.  About  one  per  cent  of  salt  is 
added  near  the  close  of  the  operation.  All 
the  sulphur,  arsenic  and  antimony  are  ex- 
pelled, and  the  iron  and  other  base  metals 
oxidized.  The  gold  is  left  in  a  free  metallic 
state,  the  silver  being  partly  concentrated 
into  a  chloride  by  the  salt.  The  roasted  ore 
is  then  transferred  to  chlorinating  tanks, 
each  holding  from  two  to  three  tons.  The 
covers  are  put  on,  and  the  joints  calked 
with  rags  and  luted  with  dough,  to  make  the 
tank  gas  tight.  The  tanks  have  false  bot- 
toms, perforated  with  holes  of  suitable  size 
and  covered  with  sacking.  Chlorine  gas, 
made  from  salt,  black  oxide  of  manganese  ■  S-* 
and  sulphuric  acid,  is  then  introduced  below  . 
the  false  bottom  and  allowed  to  permeate 
the  ore.  Two  or  three  days  are  required  for 
their  permeation.  The  gold  and  silver  is 
thus  concentrated  into  chlorides.  The  chlo- 
ride of  gold  is  leached  out  by  water  added  to 
the  top,  and  drawn  off  at  the  bottom  and  run  into 
precipitating  tanks.  The  gold  is  precipitated  in  a 
fine  metallic  state  by  the  addition  of  the  sulphate  of 
iron.  The  water  is  then  run  off,  the  gold  collected 
and  dried,  melted  in  graphite  crucibles  and  cast  into 
bars.     The  silver  chloride  remaining  in  the  ore  is  dis- 


solved out  by  a  solution  of  hyposulphite  of  calcium. 
The  solution  is  run  into  other  tanks,  and  the  silver 
precipitated  as  a  sulphide  by  adding  calcium  of  poly- 

b 


which  require  about  eight  hours'  roasting.  The  Ris- 
don  Iron  Works  of  this  city  have  built  a  large  number 
of  these  mills,  and  when  in  the  hands  of  experienced 
men,  ninety-five  per  cent  of  the  value  of  the 
concentrates  can  be  saved.  Any  inquiries  to 
this  firm  for  further  particulars  will  be  cheer- 
fully answered. 


NEARLY  every  paper  published  in  a  mining 
town  on  this  coast  advises  mining  claim 
holders  that  if  they  want  to  dispose  of  their 
property  they  must  open  it  up,  develop  it, 
show  what  there  is,  or,  rather,  that  there  is 
a  mine  to  buy.  The  advice  is  excellent,  and 
continues  to  be  repeated  because  it  cannot 
be  improved.  Shiftless  and  unappreciative 
holders  of  mining  "  claims  "  which  have  never 
had  any  more  work  done  on  them  than  that 
up  to  Jan.  1st,  '93,  just  sufficient  to  hold 
them,  cannot  expect,  to  r-eadily  dispose  of 
their  property  without  first  exhibiting  that 
the  property,  if  for  sale,  has  some  tangible 
value.  But  what  shall  be  said  of  that  numer- 
ous class  who,  holding  "claims,"  would  gladly 
develop  them  if  they  only  had  the  money  ? 
No  amount  of  well-meant  advice,  alone,  will 
do  them  any  good.  Probably  one  way  to  aid 
in  solving  this  matter  would  be  to  devote  the 
space  usually  accorded  to  advising  claim 
holders  to  develop  their  claims,  to  a  plain 
statement  of  the  fact  that  the  price  should 
be  commensurate  with  their  apparent  merit. 
Too  often  the  owner  of  a  claim,  developed  or 
undeveloped,  has  his  ideas  set  so  high  that 
he  cannot  find  a  market,  because  asking  too 
high  a  price  for  his  problematical  property. 
The  buyer  and  the  claim  owner  can  get  to- 
gether quicker  where  the  latter  does  not  de- 
mand nor  expect  an  unreasonable  price  for 
his  prospect.  And,  on  the  other  hand,  the 
would-be  investor  must  needs  recognize  the 
usual  percentage  in  favor  of  the  game,  re- 
membering that  risks,  as  well  as  profits, 
must  be  divided. 


IMPROVED  MILL  FOR  WORKING  CONCENTRATES. 


A  freeze  in  Florida  has  boomed  the  price 
of  California  oranges.  While  regretting  the 
loss  to  Florida,  it  is  gratifying  to  know  that 
any  California  product  will  command  a  good 
figure  these  dull  times.  But  though  oranges 
have  temporarily  increased  in  value,  the  fact 
hardly  warrants  the  statement  in  the  Oro- 
ville  Register  that  oranges  are  "better  than 
gold."  No  "freeze"  in  Florida  or  climatic 
disaster  elsewhere  would  greatly  enhance 
the  value  of  the  yellow  metal,  but,  on  the 
other  hand,  no  overplus  or  competition  in 
production  can  depreciate  it.  Not  so  with 
any  other  product.  If  oranges  are  "  better 
_^  than  gold,"  it  is  of  course  possible 
Ups*-  that  the  orange  growers  will  hesitate 
aS*-^  to  exchange  their  product  for  an  in- 
ferior commodity,  and  yet  not  wholly 
probable. 


sulphide.     The   sulphide   of  silver  is  dried,  roasted 
and  then  melted  and  cast  into  bars. 

This  mill  can  be  built  any  size;  the  most  common 
are  of  two  and  one-half  tons  and  five  tons  capacity 
per- day  of  twenty -four  hours.  This  quantity  is  usu- 
ally worked  in  three  charges  of  about  one  or  two  tons, 


The  activity  in  mining  so  manifest 
in  '94  is  unabated.  The  interior  papers  are  the  best 
evidence  of  the  pervading  spirit,  and  in  every  direc- 
tion are  heard  notes  of  preparation  for  work  of  de- 
velopment so  soon  as  the  weather  permits.  Old 
mines  abandoned  for  years  are  to  be  reopened  and 
worked  under  better  economic  conditions. 


18 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


January  12,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Office,  No.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San,  Francisco. 
W  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Wont  Street. 

Annual  Subscription t3  00 

Advertising  Rates* 

1  Week.    1  month.    3  Months.    1  Tear. 
Per  Line  (agate) «,*  MO  »  |-gg  '£§ 

MINING  NOTICES. 

Assessment  Notices HO.00 

Delinquent  Notices,  per  square °-w 

Laree  advertisements  at  favorable  rates.  Special  or  reading  notices, 
legal  adv.-riiseinents,  notices  appearing  in  extraordinary  type,  or  In 
particular  parts  of  the  paper,  at  special  rates.  Pour  insertions  are 
rated  In  a  month. 

Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 

Chicago  Office GHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 

Entered  at  the  S.  P.  Postoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 

J.  F.  HALLOBAIT General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  January  12,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Improved  Mill  for  Working  Concentrates,  17. 
Hon.  James  H.  Budd,  Governor  of  California,  32. 

EDITORIALS.— Chlorination  Mill;  Miscellaneous,  17.  Tardy  but 
Beneficent;  Two  Shafts  on  Mines;  The  Technical  Society;  Mis- 
cellaneous. 18. 

CORRESPONDENCE— State  Constitutional  Amendment,  19. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Soldering  of  Aluminum  and  the  Pro- 
duction of  the  Metal;  Detecting  Dynamiters,  25. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— The  Great  Dynamos  at  Niagara ;  Di- 
rect Current  Dynamos,  28. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  26. 

THE  MARKETS. — Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  30. 

MISCELLANEOUS— Concentrates;  Personal;  Obituary,  19.  Im- 
provements in  Matte  Smelting,  20-21.  Governor  Budd ;  An  Inter- 
esting Reminiscence,  22.  Mining  Reports  and  Mine  Salting,  23. 
Mr.  Badlam  Objects;  Coal  Importations,  24.  Horseshoes  of  Cast 
Steel;  Commercial  Products  Obtained  from  Sharks,  25.  It  Does, 
26.  Coast  Industrial  Notes,  27.  A  Titled  Metallurgist:  Deep 
Snow.  29. 


Utah  capitalists,  realizing  the  advantageous  op- 
portunities for  investment  in  California  mining  prop- 
erties, are  investing  heavily  in  Siskiyou  and  Trinity 
counties.  The  North  Fork  Co.  has  been  doing  con- 
siderable on  Coffee  creek,  in  getting  ready  for  the 
coming  season.  The  property  consists  of  300  acres 
of  placer  ground,  and  is  unworked  territory. 


The  recent  telephone  patent  decision  in  the  United 
States  Circuit  Court  at  Boston  attracts  national 
attention.  In  eff ec  t  all  f orms  of  telephone  receivers 
and  transmitters  are  free;  the  patent  on  the  use  of 
the  induction  coil  with  the  transmitter  expires  this 
week,  so  that  there  is  nothing  in  the  way  of  installing 
and  operating  private  lines  that  do  not  involve  the 
use  of  a  switch  board. 


It's  a  pity  that  silver  cannot  be  taken  out  of  the 
domain  of  petty  partisanship  and  given  the  prompt 
affirmative  action  that  the  times  require.  Each 
party  seems  "sparring  for  points,"  and  more  de- 
sirous to  avoid  than  press  action.  Politics  should 
give  way  in  crises  to  public  requirements,  and  the 
silver  question  is  to-day  the  most  prominent  factor 
in  the  nation's  financial  status. 


Colorado  makes  an  excellent  showing  in  mineral 
production  in  '94.  The  gold  output  of  the  State  for 
the  year  is  $11,235,000,  an  increase  of  nearly  $4,000,- 
over  '93,  making  it  surpassed  as  a  gold  producer 
only  by  California.  When  it  is  remembered  that  the 
total  gold  output  of  Colorado  in  1891  was  only 
$4,764,880,  and  of  '92,  $5,539,021,  it  will  be  seen 
what  strides  the  Centennial  Commonwealth  has 
made.  Colorado's  papers  claim  that  had  it  not  been 
for  the  Cripple  Creek  miners'  strike  last  summer  the 
aggregate  of  the  gold  yield  for  '94  would  exceed 
that  of  this  State,  and  look  forward  with  con- 
fidence to  '95  in  this  regard.  It  is  not  a  matter  of 
much  worry  one  way  or  the  other,  and  meanwhile, 
California  congratulates  her  sister  State  on  her 
magnificent  recuperation  from  the  disaster  that 
threatened  her  when  there  was  no  silver  lining  to 
the  financial  cloud,  and  will  continue  to  lead  in  the 
output  of  the  yellow  metal.  Colorado's  silver 
yield  for  the  past  twelve  months  aggregates  in 
value,  even  at  present  low  prices,  $14,721,751,  and 
though  lead  be  quoted  at  but  three  cents  a  pound, 
the  aggregate  yield  that  State  shows  for  the  year  is 
valued  at  $3,268,613.  The  State  makes  a  grand 
showing  and  its  enterprising  miners  deserve  com- 
mendation. 


Two  Shafts  on  Mines. 


A  State  law  which  went  into  effect  March  16, 
1872,  ordains  that  "it  shall  not  be  lawful  for  any 
corporation,  association,  owner,  or  owners  of  any 
quartz  mining  claims  within  the  State  of  California, 
where  such  corporation,  association,  owner  or 
owners  employ  twelve  men  daily,  to  sink  down  into 
such  mine  or  mines  any  perpendicular  shaft  or 
incline  beyond  a  depth  from  the  surface  of  three 
hundred  feet,  without  providing  a  second  mode  of 
egress  from  such  mine  by  shaft  or  tunnel,  to  counect 
with  the  main  shaft  at  a  depth  of  not  less  than  one 
hundred  feet  from  the  surface.  It  shall  be  the  duty 
of  each  corporation,  association,  owner  or  owners  of 
any  quartz  mine  or  mines  in  this  State,  where  it 
becomes  necessary  to  work  such  mines  beyond  the 
depth  of  three  hundred  feet,  and  where  the  number 
of  men  employed  therein  daily  shall  be  twelve  or 
more,  to  proceed  to  sink  another  shaft  or  construct 
a  tunnel  so  as  to  connect  with  the  main  working 
shaft  of  such  mine,  as  a  mode  of  escape  from  under- 
ground accident  or  otherwise.  And  all  corporations, 
associations,  owner  or  owners  of  mines  as  aforesaid, 
working  at  a  greater  depth  than  three  hundred  feet, 
not  having  any  other  mode  of  egress  than  from  the 
main  shaft,  shall  proceed,  as  herei.i  provided.  When 
any  corporation,  association,  owner  or  owners  of  any 
quartz  mine  in  this  State  shall  fail  to  provide  for  the 
proper  egress  as  herein  contemplated,  and  where 
any  accident  shall  occur,  or  any  miner  working 
therein  shall  be  hurt  or  injured,  and  from  such 
injury  might  have  escaped  if  the  second  mode  of 
egress  had  existed,  such  corporation,  association, 
owner  or  owners  of  the  mine  where  the  injuries  shall 
have  occurred  shall  be  liable  to  the  person  injured  in 
all  damages  that  may  accrue  by  reason  thereof;  and 
an  action  at  law  in  a  court  of  competent  jurisdiction 
may  be  maintained  against  the  owner  or  owners  of 
such  mine,  which  owners  shall  be  jointly  or  severally 
liable  for  such  damages.  And  where  death  shall 
ensue  from  injuries  received  from  any  negligence  on 
the  part  of  the  owners  thereof,  by  reason  of  their 
failure  to  comply  with  any  of  the  provisions  of  this 
act,  the  heirs  or  relatives  of  the  deceased  may  com- 
mence an  action  for  the  recovery  of  such  damages  as 
are  provided  by  an  act  entitled  an  act  requiring 
compensation  for  causing  death  by  wrongful  act, 
neglect  or  default,  approved  April  twenty-sixth, 
eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two." 


The  Technical  Society. 


The  first  meeting  of  the  Technical  Society  of  the 
Pacific  Coast  for  '95  was  held  at  its  rooms  in  the 
Academy  of  Sciences  on  the  4th  inst.  The  event  of 
the  evening  was  the  reading  of  a  paper  entitled 
"  Pressure  and  Impulse  in  Motive  Engines — a  Look 
into  the  Future,"  by  Mr.  John  Richards,  M.  E.  It 
was  a  thoughtful  article  of  unusual  merit,  and  the 
propositions,  theories  and  statements  were  backed 
up  by  lucid  logic  and  practical  argument.  In  the 
absence  of  Mr.  Richards,  the  paper  was  read  by  Mr. 
Andrew  M.  Hunt.  Mr.  Arnold  D'Erlach  presented 
some  interesting  notes  on  the  "  Latest  Project  for 
an  Alpine  Tunnel  at  the  Simplon,"  accompanied  by  a 
map  of  the  proposed  route.  The  proposed  tunnel 
would  be  over  twelve  miles  in  length,  costing,  it  is 
estimated,  60,000,000  francs. 

The  Nominating  Committee  of  the  Society  reported 
a  ticket  for  officers  for  the  ensuing  year,  to  be  voted 
for  at  the  coming  election. 

The  proposition  to  participate  in  the  publication  of 
proceedings  in  the  Journal  of  Associated  Sbiences  was 
unanimously  endorsed,  and  the  directors  empowered 
to  take  prompt  affirmative  action.  The  scheme  to 
unite  with  the  Mechanics'  Institute  is  3'et  under  dis- 
cussion. 

There  have  been  nearly  a  thousand  devices  pat- 
ented for  preventing  the  ravages  of  the  teredo 
navalis  and  the  limnoria,  but  none  are  wholly  effec- 
tive. A  fortune  awaits  the  man  who  can  successfully 
deal  with  those  pests,  which  cost  this  coast  alone 
nearly  half  a  million  dollars  annually. 


That  "biggest  gold  mine"  in  New  York,  spoken 
of  last  week,  is  still  being  worked.  It  is  probable 
another  big  strike  of  ore  900  fine  will  be  made  about 
February  lot. 


Tardy  but  Beneficent. 

The  last  and  greatest  of  the  late  Jas.  Lick's  public 
benefactions  is  at  length  put  into  practical  shape, 
and  the  purposes  of  the  deceased  philanthropist  are 
in  a  fair  way  to  be  realized.  The  Lick  Observatory, 
the  California  Pioneer  Building,  the  Academy  of  Sci- 
ences, the  Key  Monument,  the  free  baths  and  minor 
benefactions  have  now  added  to  their  number  the 
California  School  of  Mechanical  Arts  which  was  for- 
mally transferred  to  the  school  trustees  on  the  3rd 
inst.  It  cost  $115,000,  and  the  remainder,  $430,000, 
has  been  transferred  to  the  credit  of  the  school  trust. 

The  building  will  accommodate  350  boys  and  girls, 
and  is  considered  by  many  to  be  Mr.  Lick's  best  gift. 
Mr.  A.  S.  Hallidie,  vice-president  of  the  school  trus- 
tees, in  an  address  on  the  school,  its  province  and 
purpose,  said  the  founder's  desire  was  recognized; 
that  the  school  should  graduate  good  artisans  rather 
than  professional  men  and  women,  and  that  its  bene- 
fits should  apply  to  those  whose  expectations  are  to 
become  first-class  journeymen  rather  than  superin- 
tendents, managers  or  foremen.  It  is  intended  that 
this  school  shall  be  a  means  to  develop  the  best  ob- 
tainable results,  and  in  this  the  intent  is  to  be  prac- 
tical, taking  a  middle  position  between  the  trade 
school  and  the  manual  training  school,  with  effort  to 
combine  the  best  elements  of  both  and  trusting  to 
experience  for  such  change  or  modification  as  time 
may  suggest. 

The  work  is  necessarily  experimental  in  some  ways. 
The  scope  of  instruction  cannot  practically  induce 
all  desirable  elements,  but  the  intent  is  well  shown  in 
the  following  statement  from  Mr.  Hallidie's  address: 

The  California  School  of  Mechanical  Arts  will  carry  students 
to  the  point  where  they  may  be  considered  as  well  fitted  to 
become  first-class  artisans.  The  groundwork  of  three  years 
in  general  instruction,  allied  to  mechanical  pursuits,  in  which 
is  included  the  usual  education  of  an  American  boy  or  girl, 
and  which  will  complement  that  of  the  common  school,  and  the 
one  year  of  special  trade  instruction  under  praetual  teachers 
expert  in  that  particular  trade,  will  give  au  advantage  to  the 
graduate  which  will  be  difficult  for  others  to  overcome. 

While  admitting  that  excellent  workmen  were  produced 
under  the  old  apprenticeship  system,  it  was  at  an  enormous 
economical  sacrifice,  and  oftentimes  at  the  expense  of  much 
personal  self-respect.  The  time  of  a  boy  or  girl  indentured  to 
learn  a  trade  was  considered  the  property  of  the  master,  and 
was  often  valued  for  its  servitude,  and  not  as  an  element  or 
value  to  the  apprentice,  and  the  amount  of.  drudgery  per- 
formed under  such  conditions  was  appalling  to  an  ambitious 
and  independent  mind.  This  school  proposes  to  economize  the 
time  of  the  student  and  to  give  him  such  opportunities  for  ad- 
vancement that  it  will  be  the  fault  of  the  student  if  he  fails 
in  making  a  fair  amount  of  progress. 

It  may  not  be  wholly  out  of  place  to  suggest  that, 
granting  the  fullest  success  to  the  practical  intent 
of  this  admirable  institution,  it  were  a  pity  after 
such  elaborate  preparation  and  the  arousing  of  hopes 
and  honorable  ambition  in  the  mind  of  a  student  if 
trade  conditions  did  not  give  a  fair  opportunity  for 
their  realization.  The  idea  is  a  grand  one.  Thou- 
sands go  yearly  out  of  our  public  schools  with  their 
heads  crammed  and  their  hands  empty,  poorly  fitted 
for  the  battle  of  life.  This  school  proposes  to  give  a 
young  Californian  a  chance  to  learn  a  trade;  to  put 
something  in  the  hands  and  the  head  that  will  be  of 
life-long  value  if  utilized,  and  the  practical  purport 
is  to  be  warmly  commended.  With  the  commenda- 
tion comes  the  reflection:  What  are  the  inducements 
in  San  Francisco  to-day  for  ambitious  youth  to  learn 
trades  ?  What  the  prospect  of  remunerative  em- 
ployment when  the  deserving  possessor  of  a  trade  is 
ready  for  such  employment  ?  There  is  no  obliga- 
tion, actual,  tacit,  or  implied  to  furnish  such  employ- 
ment, and  yet  the  acceptance  and  establishment  of 
such  a  school  carries  with  it  an  indirect  assumption 
that  results  in  actual  life  will  justify  and  warrant 
the  noblest  effort  on  the  part  of  the  student  therein. 

The  working  results  of  the  great  industrial  school, 
which  begins  under  such  favorable  aus_pices,  will,  of 
course,  not  be  confined  to  this  city,  nor  probably  to 
this  State;  the  widening  circles  of  intelligent  labor 
will  be  benefited  to  remote  limits,  but  its  greatest 
resultant  good  to  the  metropolis  is  bound  up  with  the 
question  of  the  progress  of  manufacturing  industries 
in  that  city. 

A  Nevada  exchange  says  that  in  the  vicinity  of 
its  publication  office  several  claims  were  "jumped" 
after  New  Years.  Any  one  holding  a  claim,  who 
didn't  think  it  worth  while  to  have  notice  recorded 
as  required  by  that  relief  bill  known  as  "the  sus- 
pension of  assessments,"  ought  to  have  his  claim 
jumped. 


January  12,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Concentrates. 


Oregon  papers  say  that  State  will  produce  $3,000,000  in  gold 
this  year. 

The  Davis  estate  has  sold  the  Pacific  mine,  Moutaaa,  to 
Silas  P.  King  for  $1)0,000. 

'*  Not  since '02  has  there  been  such  heavy  and  continuous 
rain,'*  writes  a  Tuolumne  Co.  subscriber. 

While  digging  a  well  a  Helena,  Montana,  man  got  enough 
gold  out  ei  the  dirt  to  almost  pay  for  the  well. 

Salt  Lake  is  to  have  a  mining  stock  exchange.  Jos.  Davis 
is  now  in  this  city  getting  pointers  on  how  to  run  it. 

The  Mohave  Co.,  Arizoua,  Miner  deserves  credit  for  energy 
and  faithful  work  in  its  Held,  which  it  completely  covers. 

H.  Mattehx  and  G.  E.  Sackett,  of  Ashland,  Or.,  have  re- 
ceived a  draft  for  ore  shipped  to  the  Selby  Smelting  Works. 
The  rock  went  $\.'4u  por  ton. 

I >r  Kisti  the  past  year  the  Boston  &  Montana  company  has 
beeu  employing  nearly  550  men  in  Butte  and  producing  from 
15,000  to  18,000  tons  of  ore  per  month. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  stockholders  of  the  Anaconda  Company, 
held  in  Butte  Dec.  31st,  the  life  of  that  corporation  was  ex- 
tended to  forty  years  from  Jan.  19,  1891. 

Tde  bill  recently  introduced  by  Congressman  Caminetti  re- 
garding mineral  lands  will  be  amended  to  make  its  provisions 
include  all  the  railroad  grants  in  the  State. 

The  Truckee  Republican  reports  a  snowfall  for  the  season  at 
that  point  to  Jan.  5th  of  178.5  inches.  In  1890,  which  was  a 
year  of  excessive  snow,  the  fall  to  the  same  date  was 
184.75. 

Hot  slao  from  lead  blast  furnaces  is  being  used  at  the 
works  of  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  Company  in  New  South 
Wales,  Australia,  to  generate  steam  to  run  an  electric 
plant. 

The  case  of  M.  W.  Fox  against  the  Hale  &  Norcross  Mining 
Company,  which  involves  a  Judgment  for  more  than  $1,000,000, 
will  be  called  up  in  the  State  Supreme  Court  for  reargument 
on  the  21st  instant. 

The  Pacific  Bureau  of  Mines  Association  of  Portland,  Or., 
has  incorporated  with  a  capital  stock  of  8100,000,  divided  into 
shares  of  $1  each.  W.  T.  Mendenhall,  W.  J.  Lehigh,  E.  S.  Mc- 
Comas  and  R.  Glen  are  the  incorporators. 

The  MacArthur-Forrest  people,  through  their  representa- 
tive, P.  Geo.  Gow,  have  made  an  offer  to  put  up  a  cyanide 
plant  in  Bodie  for  crushing  and  working  low-grade  ores,  they 
requiring  a  guarantee  of  a  certain  amount  of  rock. 

The  Central  Nevadan  says  a  lot  of  giant  powder  was  placed 
in  the  blacksmith  shop  at  the  Morning  Star  mine  to  thaw  out. 
It  exploded  and  blew  the  building  to  pieces.  The  report  was 
heard  at  Battle  Mountain,  a  distance  of  sixteen  miles. 

Messrs.  Hampton*  and  Lewis  cleaned  up  recently  $37,000 
from  their  mine  situated  on  Tom  East  creek,  Josephine  Co., 
Or.  Such  a  sum  would  not  be  bad  work  for  the  year,  but 
more  than  double  that  amount,  will  be  realized  at  the  end  of 
the  season. 

The  Good  Hope  Placer  Mining  Company,  with  a  capital 
stock  of  $100,000,  proposes  to  work  the  Good  Hope  placer,  the 
Little  John  placer  and  the  Mitz  placer  claims,  containing 
eighty  acres  in  White  Canyon  mining  district,  along  the 
Colorado  river. 

Legh  Harnett,  the  mining  expert  and  writer  who  has  been 
making  a  personal  inspection  of  the  Josephine  county,  Or., 
mines,  gives  it  as  his  opinion  that  this  coming  season  will  see 
no  less  than  sixty  hydraulic  placers  at  work  in  that  county, 
large  and  small. 

The  Premier  of  the  colony  of  Western  Australia  stated  in 
his  Budget  speech  on  September  24th:  "The  export  of  gold 
for  1890  was  £80,664 ;  1891,  £115,183;  1892,  £220,284;  1893, 
£421,212;  for  the  half  of  1894,  £288,281;  and  up  to  the  22d  of 
last  month,  £496,975." 

Henry  Bratnober,  the  well-known  Montana  mining  man,  is 
investigating  the  reported  rich  gold  discoveries  in  the  Cool- 
gardie  district,  in  Australia.  In  a  letter  to  a  Montana  friend 
he  says  he  is  not  favorably  impressed  with  the  mineral  possi- 
bilities of  that  country. 

The  Parrott  Company  will  remove  its  smelting  plant  from 
Butte,  Montana,  to  a  point  about  fourteen  miles  from  White- 
hall, in  Jefferson  county,  known  as  Point-of-Rocks.  The  com- 
pany has  secured  7000  acres  of  land  there,  and  the  water  is 
sufficient  for  the  purposes. 

New  Year's  day  seventy-five  members  of  the  Miners' 
Union  marched  to  the  King  Solomon  mine,  near  Clancy,  Mon- 
tana, in  a  body,  and  induced  four  non-union  men  employed  in 
the  mine  to  quit  work.  Three  of  the  men  Joined  the  union, 
and  the  other  refused  and  left  the  camp. 

The  La  Noria  silver  mine  in  Mexico,  in  which  Pennsylvania 
men  have  sunk  $500,000  in  cash,  has  been  abandoned  by 
the  stockholders.  It  has  been  decided  to  sell  the  entire  prop- 
erty at  public  sale  in  Pittsburg  within  thirty  days  to  the 
highest  bidder  to  pay  off  the  indebtedness. 

A.  H.  Ricketts,  chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Protec- 
tion of  Mineral  Lands,  yesterday  sent  to  Washington  a  report 
which  will  be  made  amendatory  to  the  Caminetti  bill,  showing 
in  the  aggregate,  an  additional  20,585,000  acres  included  to 
sundry  land  grants  to  railroads  in  California. 

The  Mining  and  Market  Reporter  says  that  there  is  no  min- 
ing State  in  the  Union  that  has  been  more  obnoxiously  in- 
fested with  the  "wild  cat"  mining  speculator  and  "wild 
kitten"  mining  man  than  Montana,  and  evinces  a  disposition 
to  strangle  the  beasts. 

The  old  Keystone  mill  at  Amador  City  was  partially  de- 
stroyed by  fire  last  week,  which  will  cause  a  delay  of  several 
weeks  until  it  can  be  put  in  running  order  again.  Although 
the  building  was  not  entirely  destroyed,  yet  the  damage  done 
to  the  works  will  amount  to  several  thousand  dollars. 

The  old,  old  question  of  apex  and  dip  comes  up  again  in  a 
suit  in  Salt  Lake  City  of  Messrs.  Denhalter  and  Hoffman  vs. 
Ihe  Galena  Consolidated  Mining  Company.     The  plaintiffs  are 


the  owners  of  a  half  interest  in  mining  claims  adjoining  the 
*  lalcna  property,  and  claim  $200,000  as  their  share  of  the  pro- 
ceeds of  ore  extracted  from  their  claims  by  the  Galeua  com- 
pany from  1888  to  1890.  The  defense  is  that  the  vein  from 
which  the  ore  was  taken  has  its  apex  in  the  Galena  claim  and 
that  the  plaintiffs  have  no  interest  in  it. 

The  Black  Wonder  Mine  Co.,  of  Sherman,  Colorado,  claims 
to  have  "Just  paid  dividend  No.  9,"  but  those  acquainted  with 
the  company  and  its  methods  say  that  the  Bl.uk  Wonder  mine 
is  not  u  dividend  payer,  and  the  payment  of  dividends  is 
fraudulent  and  done  to  deceive  innocent  and  prospective  in- 
vestors. 

The  Alaska  company  at  Pike  City,  Sierra  Co.,  is  ruuuing  a 
drain  tunnel  in  from  the  mill,  which  will  tap  the  shaft  they 
are  working  through,  at  the  150-foot  level,  just  below  where 
the  most  water  comes  in.  They  will  use  the  tunnel  to  drain 
the  mine  and  to  run  the  rock  directly  into  the  mill,  saving 
power  and  time. 

11  Keep  your  eye  on  the  mineral  land  bill,"  says  the  Ana- 
conda Standard.  The  theory  is  nothing  good  can  come  out  of 
the  Fifty-third  Congress,  yet  it  is  barely  possible  that,  out. of 
the  wreck,  the  people  of  Montana  may  save  a  little  something 
in  the  way  of  the  rescue  of  the  State's  mineral  domain  from 
the  Northern  Pacific  ring. 

The  Mayflower  Mining  Company  has  served  notice  on  the 
owners  of  buildings  in  Bath  that  from  the  1st  inst.  $2  per 
month  rent  will  be  payable  at  the  office  of  the  company.  The 
town  is  just  east  of  Forest  Hill,  and  was  built  at  the  works  of 
the  Breece  &  Wheeler  gravel  mine,  at  the  surface  line  be- 
tween the  Mayflower  and  the  Breece  &  Wheeler  mines. 

Has  the  Idaho  mine  inspector  been  able  to  protect  a  single 
minor  in  the  lower  levels?  asks  the  Coeur  d'Aleue  Sun.  If  the 
office  is  continued,  the  coroner's  jury  in  each  and  every  in- 
stance of  a  mine  accident  from  a  cave-in  ought  to  bring  in  a 
verdict  of  manslaughter  against  him  for  negligence  of 
duty. 

George  Gates,  proprietor  of  the  sulphurets-saviug  plant  at 
the  Kennedy,  Nev.,  is  preparing  to  make  another  test  of  the 
cyanide  process  in  the  treatment  of  his  sulphutets  saved  from 
the  tailings.  He  gave  the  process  a  trial  nearly  two  years 
ago,  but  the  result  was  not  satisfactory  in  the  percentage  of 
gold  extracted. 

The  Tribune  publishes  an  elaborate  review  of  the  mining  in- 
terests in  Utah  for  1894.  Figured  at  local  prices  the  output  of 
lead,  copper,  gold  and  silver  shows  a  total  of  nearly  six  and  a 
half  million  dollars.  Computing  all  the  metals  at  their  sea- 
board value  it  would  increase  the  total  to  over  eleven  and  a 
half  million  dollars. 

Reports  come  to  the  Tombstone,  Arizona,  Epitaph  from 
Plomosa  of  great  finds  in  the  placers.  Lately  two  miners 
took  out  $117  in  one  pan.  The  Wilson  Brothers  have  taken  out 
$1  to  the  pan  right  along.  There  are  200  men  in  the  district, 
and  they  are  all  doing  well.  Plomosa  embraces  about  all  the 
country  between  Ehrenburg  and  Harqua  Hala. 

J.  B.  Wilson,  a  Kaslo,  B.  C,  merchant,  who  sent  4  oz.  3  gr. 
of  local  gold  to  the  San  Francisco  Mint  a  short  time  since,  has 
received  returns.  The  gold  went  .837%  fine,  with  .153% 
silver.  The  gross  value  of  the  metal  Was  $08.20,  and  net 
value  $00.95.  This  places  the  purchase  value  of  Kaslo  gold  at 
about  $17  an  ounce.  Some  Big  Bend  gold  is  worth  $18.50  an 
ounce  in  San  Francisco. 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Golden  Feather  Channel  Co., 
Lt'd.,  in  London,  Eng.,  it  was  announced  that  operations  in 
the  Feather  river  near  Oroville  were  on  the  eve  of  a  great 
success,  and  that  it  was  expected  rich  returns  would  result 
from  next  summer's  work.  It  was  decided  to  reorganize  the 
company  under  the  name  of  the  "Golden  Feather,  Limited," 
and  an  assessment  authorized  of  one  shilling  per  share. 

The  Hailey,  Idaho,  Times  says:  The  stamps  of  the  Camas 
No.  2  mill  were  started  up  last  Saturday.  After  running  a 
few  hours  the  plates  began  to  show  gold,  and  last  night,  after 
thirty-six  hours'  run,  they  were  thickly  coated.  The  other 
ten  stamps  are  about  ready,  and  will  begin  dropping  some 
time  this  week.  Until  they  do,  miners  say  that  the  mill  will 
make  three  to  four  tons  of  concentrates  per  day,  worth 
between  $70  and  $90  per  ton.  This,  besides  what  free  gold 
will  be  caught  on  the  plates. 

Three  Utah  doctors  have  organized  the  California  Gold 
Mining  and  Milling  Co. —Dr.  Vincent,  Dr.  Dart,  Dr.  Bowers — 
and  propose  to  work  sulphide  ores  in  Meadow  Lake  district, 
seven  miles  from  Cisco.  Five  claims  are  owned,  on  one  of 
which  a  tunnel  penetrating  150  feet  has  uncovered  a  body  of 
ore  ten  and  a  half  feet  thick,  which  varies  in  assay  from  $20  to 
$300  per  ton.  The  district  was  famous  many  years  ago.  The 
M.  D.'s  may  succeed  in  bringing  the  rebellious  ores  to  subjec- 
tion. 

The  Siskiyou  Gold  Development  Co.  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  has  organized  with  a  capital  stock  of  $1,000,000.  The  in- 
corporation consists  of  W.  S.  McCornick,  president;  A.  Han- 
auer  Jr.,  vice-president ;  John  R.  Middlemiss,  secretary ; 
James  Glendenning,  and  D.  P.  Tarpey—  these  constituting 
the  board  of  directors.  The  company  has  paid  $50,000  for  what 
is  known  as  the  "  Porphyry  Dyke,"  situated  on  the  west  side 
of  the  Klamath  river,  about  five  miles  from  Hornbrook,  and 
will  soon  erect  a  large  plant,  a  100-stamp  mill,  it  is  re- 
ported. 

The  McCauley  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  of  Gardiner,  Montana,  is 
putting  in  a  twenty-stamp  gold  mill.  The  stamps  weigh  850 
pounds.  The  mortars  are  lined  with  copper  to  amalgamate  as 
much  gold  as  possible  before  the  pulp  passes  through  the 
screens.  After  being  crushed  at  about  forty  mesh,  the  pulp 
flows  over  amalgamated  copper  plates  in  front  of  each  mortar, 
then  into  a  series  of  classifying  boxes,  and  from  these  the 
different  sizes  are  drawn  off  into  a  double  deck  round  buddle 
of  special  construction,  when  the  final  concentration  of  the 
sulphurets  is  effected. 

In  the  two  suits  instituted  in  this  city  in  1891  by  Theodore 
Fox,  a  stockholder  in  the  Consolidated  California  &  Virginia 
Mining  Company,  who  charged  J.  W.  Mackay,  Senator  Jones 
and  other  directors  of  the  California  &  Virginia  Mining  Com- 
pany with  fraud  in  the  management  of  the  California  &,  Vir- 
ginia property,  Judge  Seawell  has  sustained  the  demurrers 
entered  by  defendants  as  to  all  but  one  point,  thus  throwing 
out  of  court  all  the  charges  save  the  one  that  Mackay,  Jones, 


Fiood  and  others,  as  managers  of  the  California  &  Virginia 
mine,  sent  the  ore  from  the  mine  to  the  works  of  the  Corn- 
stock  Mill  &  Mining  Company,  which  they  owned,  to  be 
crushed  and  milled  at  an  exorbitant  rate.  A  further  hearing 
on  this  point  will  be  had. 

The  Butte  rndopendetU  says  there  is  a  remarkable  young 
woman  who  lesides  in  Lump  Gulch,  who  certainly  made  a 
great  record  for  herself.  She  is  very  strong  aud  energetic. 
During  the  lust  fe v  months  she  has  helped  sink  a  twenty- 
three-foot  shaft  upon  a  very  promising  claim  in  which  she  and 
another  party  are  interested.  She  did  all  the  shoveling  con- 
nected with  the  work.  In  addition  to  this  the  enterprising 
young  woman  has  sawed  100  cords  of  wood,  kept  boarders  and 
assisted  in  various  other  enterprises.  The  young  men  will  be 
glad  to  know  this  prodigy  is  unmarried. 

H.  T.  Stratton  writes  from  Alaska  that  the  gold  field  there 
is  probably  larger  and  richer  than  any  now  being  worked  in 
the  world,  but  there  are  many  drawbacks  in  climate,  the  high 
price  of  provisions,  lack  of  transportation,  and  that  only  a 
stalwart  man  physically  can  endure  the  strain.  He  says: 
"This  is  no  country  for  weak  lungs.  Not  a  man  in  twenty 
will  endure  the  hardships  for  one  season  for  any  sum  of  money 
he  is  likely  to  make  in  ten.  I  can  hardly  think  of  a  man  of 
my  acquaintance  that  I  would  advise  coming.  No  one  but  a 
thoroughly  seasoned  prospector  and  camp-man  has  any  busi- 
ness here  at  all." 

The  excavation  for  the  underground  hoist  at  the  Roanoke 
mine  near  Mokelumne  Hill,  Calaveras  Co.,  is  done  and  the 
plant  in  position  and  ready  for  work.  The  excavation  is  7x30 
feet  in  the  clear,  timbered  by  eight-inch  spruce  timbers  and 
lagged  with  two-inch  lumber.  A  force  of  men  was  put  to 
work  on  the  top  sinking:  another  force  worked  up  from  the 
excavation.  They  met  about  the  middle  with  a  variation  of 
less  than  half  an  inch.  The  shaft  from  the  hoisting  plant  is 
down  to  a  depth  of  fifty-five  feet,  and  the  rock  is  very  rich. 
This  underground  water-power  hoist  is  a  novelty,  the  only 
thing  of  the  kind  in  the  county.  Without  it  water  power 
could  not  be  used  at  the  Roanoke  mine. 

An  outgrowth  of  the  sale  of  the  Mountain  Lion  and  the 
Ohio  mining  claims  in  Siskiyou  county  last  November  by 
Thomas  Morcom,  a  citizen  of  this  State,  to  H.  W.  Brown  and 
some  of  the  Mercur,  Utah,  stockholders,  for  $50,000,  is  a 
quarrel  over  a  portion  of  the  purchase  money.  Andrew  Rabbitt, 
who  claims  to  be  entitled  to  one-third  of  the  net  proceeds  of 
the  sale,  says  that  Morcom  is  endeavoring  to  defraud  him  out 
of  a  portion  of  his  share.  A  part  of  the  purchase  price  was 
paid  at  the  time  the  mines  were  bought,  and  of  this  Babbitt 
says  he  received  his  proportion.  A  note  for  the  balance  due, 
payable  on  May  14,  1895,  was  given  by  Brown,  and  on  this 
$7000  was  subsequently  paid.  About  a  week  ago  the  note,  on 
which  $10,500  was  yet  unpaid,  was  discounted  at  the  bank  of 
McCornick  &  Co.,  in  Salt  Lake,  for  $S000,  through  Louis 
Green,  acting  as  attorney-in-fact  for  Morcom.  Being  appre- 
hensive that  he  is  not  to  be  paid  $2300,  which  he  claims  is  yet 
due  him  on  the  deal,  Babbitt  filed  an  attachment  suit  against 
Morcom.  A  writ  was  issued  and  a  levy  made  by  the  sheriff 
on  cash  supposed  to  be  the  money  paid  by  the  bank  on  the 
Brown  note. 


State  Constitutional    Amendment. 


To  the  Editor:— Regarding  the  query  "  How  will  the 
amendment  of  Section  17  of  Article  1  of  the  State  Constitu- 
tion, which  reads  as  follows:  'Foreigners  of  the  white  race, 
or  of  African  descent,  eligible  to  become  citizens  of  the  United 
States  under  the  naturalization  laws  thereof,  while  bona  fide 
residents  of  this  State,  shall  have  the  same  rights  in  respect 
to  the  acquisition,  possession,  enjoyment,  transmission  and  in- 
heritance of  all  property  other  than  real  estate,  ao  native-born 
citizens;  provided,  that  such  aliens  owning  real  estate  at  the 
time  of  the  adoption  of  this  amendment  may  remain  such 
owners ;  provided,  further,  that  the  Legislature  may  by 
statute  provide  for  the  disposition  of  real  estate  which  shall 
hereafter  be  acquired  by  such  aliens  by  descent  or  devise;' 
affect  alien  ownerships  of  California  gold  mines,"  I  will  say 
that  in  my  opinion  the  effect  of  the  recent  amendment  in  so 
far  as  it  touches  this  question  will  be  to  restore  the  common 
law  disability  as  to  real  eslate'  acquired  after  its  adop- 
tion by  aliens  who  are  bona  fide  residents  within  this  State; 
and  that  non-resident  aliens  rest  under  no  other  or  greater 
disability  now  than  before  said  amendment  was  adopted,  un- 
less Section  671  of  the  Civil  Code  of  California  {which  took 
effect  July  1,  1874)  and  which  provides  that  "Any  person, 
whether  citizen  or  alien,  may  take,  hold,  and  dispose  of  prop- 
erty, real  or  personal,  within  this  State"  be  unconstitutional, 
which  I  do  not  think  is  the  case,  as  the  Legislature  does  not 
seem  to  be  disabled  from  extending  or  adding  other  rights  on 
non-resident  foreigners  by  the  amendment  under  discussion. 
Yours  faithfully,  Alfred  Herbert  Ricketts, 

Attorney  and  Counselor  at  Law. 

San  Francisco,  January  10,  1895. 


Personal. 

Mr.  A.  E.  Roberts  has  returned  from  a  visit  to  the  South 
African  gold  fields. 

M.  Buckley  succeeds  Geo.  F.  Kellogg  as  superintendent  of 
the  Hope  mine  at  Basin,  Montana. 

J.  V.  Keelet,  owner  of  the  Clementina  mine,  Yellow  Pine 
district,  Lincoln  Co.,  Nev.,  is  in  the  city. 

C.  A.  Lilly,  foreman  of  the  California  mine  in  Eureka  dis- 
trict for  a  long  time,  has  been  appointed  superintendent  of 
the  Eagle  Bird  mine  at  Ormonde,  Nevada  Co. 


Obituary. 

Jonas  H.  Walker,  formerly  associated  with  Mackay,  Fair, 
Flood  and  O'Brien  in  the  Comstock  deal,  died  in  poverty  in 
this  city  on  the  3d  inst.  Walker  accumulated  millions  and 
went  to  Philadelphia  in  1872.  He  lived  luxuriously  and  enter- 
tained lavishly.  His  millions  were  lost  in  unfortunate  specu- 
lations in  railroads  and  stocks.  He  tried  to  retrieve  his  for- 
tunes in  this  city,  but  luck  was  against  him,  and  a  few  daya 
after  his  former  colleague,  Jas.  G.  Fair,  left  this  earth  and 
$30,000,000,  he  passed  away  with  not  the  slightest  likelihood 
of  there  being  any  litigation  over  his  estate. 


20 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  12,  1895. 


Improvements  in  Matte  Smelting. 


Written  tor  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  Herbert  Lang, 
Seattle,  Wash. 

The  essential  condition  of  pyritic   smelting  is  the 
maintenance  of  an  atmosphere  in  the  blast  furnace 
oxidizing  not  only  toward  carbon,  the  customary  fuel, 
but  toward  certain   ores  as  well.     In  other  words, 
there  must  be  an  excess  of  oxygen  above  the  amount 
necessary  to  burn  the  coke  or  charcoal,  to  react  upon 
the  oxidizable  parts  of  the  ore  charge.   Thus,  pyritic 
smelting  burns  ore  as  well  as  carbon,   and  produces 
at  one  operation  the  effects  which  are  usually  gained 
by  the  two  separate  ones  of  roasting  and  smelting. 
The  substances  which  serve  the  purposes  of  pyritic 
smelting  are  the  oxidizable  minerals,  or  such  as  are 
commonly  roasted  in  other  processes,  belonging  to 
the  classes  of  sulphides,  arsenides  and  antimonides, 
embracing  pyrite,   pyrriotite,  chalcopyrite,  blende, 
mispickel,  and  very  probably  galena.     To  these  may 
be  added,  in  due  course  of  experience,  the  remaining 
native  minerals  of  these  classes.      We  may  make  use 
of  any  substance  which,  by  melting  down,   produces 
matte  or  speiss.     These,  be  it  noticed,   are  the  sub- 
stances which  have  been  regarded  as  conferring  upon 
ores  their  refractory  quality;   whence  we  ma;-  say  of 
pyritic  smelting  that  it  consists  in  burning  the  re- 
fractory and  heretofore  difficult   elements   of  ore.  it 
being  practically  found  that  the  most  injurious  com- 
binations, when  viewed  from  the  standpoint  of  other 
processes,  are  the  most  docile  to  pyritic  smelting.     I 
would  not  be  understood  as  claiming  for  this  new  art 
anything  which  does  not  rest  upon  intelligent  experi- 
ment, and  therefore  I  will  limit  the  above  assertion 
as  to  the  availability  of  the  process  in  treating  re- 
fractory ores  to  just  those  combinations  which  have 
been  the  subject  of  experiment,   namely,   to  pyrites 
and,  to  a  less  degree,  those  ores   containing  blende 
and  chalcopyrite. 

NATURE   OP   THE   OXIDIZING   FUSION. 

Every  one  understands  the  ordinary  carbon  reduc- 
tion smelting  (smelting  by  carbon  reactions)  and  the 
function  of  fuel  as  producing  heat,  but  there  are  re- 
sults of  the  fusion  which  are  not  generally  under- 
stood. Let  it  be  borne  in  mind  that  no  volatilization 
of  sulphur  or  arsenic,  nor  any  oxidation  of  iron  or 
other  metal  is  to  be  expected  when  we  fuse  with  car- 
bon alone.  If  we  melt  down  any  of  the  long  list  of 
sulphides,  arsenides,  etc.,  which,  for  convenience,  I 
call  the  matte  formers,  we  will  get  an  amount  of 
matte  almost  equal  to  the  original  material  charged, 
and  consequently  there  can  have  been  no  concentra- 
tion of  the  values  in  a  smaller  mass:  that  is  to  say, 
no  enrichment  of  the  product.  We  have,  therefore, 
gained  little  or  nothing  by  the  operation,  when  car- 
ried out  with  a  charge  largely  composed  of  matte 
formers,  excepting  those  advantages  which  are  in- 
cident to  all  forms  of  smelting  alike,  namely,  the 
slagging  of  the  earthy  substauces  and  the  volatiliza- 
tion of  the  first  sulphur  equivalent  in.pyrite.  This, 
the  reducing  fusion  for  matte,  when  it  is  applied  to 
the  extraction  of  gold,  silver  and  copper  from  their  ■ 
ores,  is  generally  known  as  plain  matting,  and  by 
some,  including  the  writer,  is  styled  the  German 
system  of  matte  smelting.  It  is  always  carried  out 
in  blast  furnaces.  As  far  as  the  present  inquiry  is 
concerned,  the  significant  feature  of  the  German 
system  is  the  reduction  of  metallic  oxides  and  the 
preservation  of  sulphur  and  arsenic  combined  with 
the  heavy  metals  as  matte.  Furthermore,  the  same 
mixtures  which  in  the  presence  of  those  elements  give 
rise  to  mattes,  in  their  absence  produce  metals  or 
metallic  alloys.  Later  I  will  show  how  the  pyritic 
processes  produce  opposite  effects;  how  they  produce 
metallic  oxides,  eliminate  sulphur  and  arsenic,  and 
how  the  conditions  are  adverse  to  the  production  of 
metals  or  alloys.  We  may  say  that  the  efficacy  of 
the  German  system  of  smeltiug  by  carbon  reactions 
decreases  as  the  proportion  of  matte  formers  in- 
creases, while  that  of  the  pyritic  system  increases 
with  the  increase  of  the  matte  formers.  We  have 
degrees  of  pyritic  smelting,  varying  in  intensity 
from  the  slight  pyritic  effects  noticed  in  copper 
matte  furnaces,  where  a  small  percentage  of  sulphur 
is  volatilized  and  by  inference  a  corresponding 
amount  of  oxides  formed  and  scorified,  up  to  the 
powerful  effects  of  the  hot- blast  acting  upon  solid 
masses  of  sulphides,  and  consuming  them  as  coal  is 
consumed  under  the  forced  draft  of  a  man-of-war. 

There  are  two  divisions  of  pyritic  smelting  which. 
for  convenience,  may  be  called  the  Austin  process 
and  the  gradual  reduction  process.  The  former  is 
characterized  by  the  sudden  combustion  or  fusion  of 
the  components  of  the  charge,  the  latter  by  their 
gradual  heating,  and  the  oxidation  and  subsequent 
fusion  of  the  matte  formers,  in  the  latter  the  fur- 
nace is  fed  in  the  ordinary  way,  the  components  be- 
ing added  in  layers  alternating  with  the  fuel,  while 
in  the  former  special  arrangements  are  made  by 
which  the  combustible  ores  are  fed  directly  into  the 
zone  of  fusion,  which  they  reach  in  a  cold  state,  with 
their  fuel  value  unimpaired,  which  ought  to  be  a 
valuable  characteristic.  Advautageous'as  this  pro- 
cedure would  seem  to  be  from  analogy,  experience 
does  not  bear  out  theory,  and  the  device  which  ac- 
complishes the  central  feeding  has  been  abandoned 
in  favor  of  layer  feeding,  which  is  now  in  vogue  at 
various  existing  plants.  We  need,  therefore,  not 
discuss  further  this  peculiar   practice,  which   would 


seem  to  have  sunk  into  disuse,  but  will  proceed  to  a 
consideration  of  the  gradual  reduction  process. 

Under  ideal  conditions  prevailing  in   the  pyritic 
furnace  the  following  train  of  effects  is   produced: 
The  ideal  charge,  consisting  of  matte  formers,   to- 
gether with  just  sufficient  silica  to  slag  the  oxides 
expected  to  be  formed,  is  fed  in  layers  upon  the  cold 
top  of  the   preceding  charge.     I   say  cold   top,  for 
from  a  hot  top  we  infer  (a)  a  serious  loss  of  heat;  (/<) 
a  loss  of  metal  by  volatilization,  intolerable   in   any 
process.     As   the  charge  sinks  in  the  shaft,  it  rises 
in  temperature  by  the  absorption  of  heat   from   the 
ascending  gases,  until  a  point  is  reached  where   the 
gases,  oxidizing  of  course  in  the  ideal,  begiu  to  react 
upon  the  matte  formers — that  is  to  say,  they  begin  to 
roast  them,  converting  sulphur  into  sulphur  dioxide, 
arsenic  into  ai'senious  acid,  and   the   heavy  metals 
into  oxides.     A  second  source  of  heat,  namely,  that 
resulting  from  local  chemical  action,  is  npw  added  to 
the  first  named  source,  and  the  reactions  ensue  with 
increased   energy.     We  may  infer   a  gradually  in- 
creased intensity  of  chemical  action  from  the  moment 
the  charge  is  fed  into  the  furnace,  or  from  where  it 
reaches  a  perceptibly  heated  location  in   the  shaft 
until  it  becomes  fused  and  its  components  separated 
in  the  fusing  zone.     We  may  also  infer  a  production 
of  matte  at  a  considerable  elevation  in  the  shaft,  cer- 
tainly much  above  the  locality  customarily  called  the 
zone  of  fusion.     And  we  must  infer  the  very  exten- 
sive combustion  of  the  matte  as  it  trickles  downward 
through  the  partially  melted  charge,  all  the  time  in 
contact  with  gases  which  carry  an  excess  of  oxygen. 
Of  moisture  and  carbonic  dioxide  the  elimination  is 
complete.     Sulphur  is  eliminated  as  sulphur  dioxide, 
and  to  some  extent  as  sulphuric  acid.   Sulphur  which 
escapes  oxidation  goes  to  form  matte.     Arsenic  is 
volatilized  as  arsenious  acid  more  freely  than  sulphur, 
but  a  portion  remains  as  speiss.     Antimony  we  may 
allowably  conjecture  to  behave  as  arsenic;  but  in  the 
absence  of  experimental  observation  we  may  dismiss 
the   matter   at   present.     Sesquioxides  of   iron   and 
manganese   are  reduced   to  protoxides,  presumably 
through   the   influence   of    the  molten   matte,  upon 
which  they  have   a  decided   reaction  which  may  be 
typified  thus:     Fe203+M2S=2Feo+M;,+S02. 

These  as  well  as  other  metallic  oxides,  those  formed 
in  the  furnace  as  well  as  those  naturally  occurring  in 
the  ore,  are  scorified  by  the  silica  of  the  charge  and 
added  to  the  slag.  I  present  herewith  a  tabulated 
resume  of  the  changes  which  occur  to  the  substances 
which  constitute  the  usual  smelting  mixtures,  pre- 
mising that  the  general  accuracy  of  the  statements 
embraced  within  it  depend  upon  the  degree  of  oxida- 
tion taking  place  at  the  particular  moment,  which 
must  neither  exceed  nor  fall  short  of  the  require- 
ments of  commercially  successful  work;  which  is  to 
say  that  only  enough  sulphides,  etc.,  must  be  left  un- 
burned  to  furnish  matte  for  a  good  extraction  of  the 
valuable  metals  contained  in  the  mixture.  When 
copper  is  worked  for  the  proportion  of  sulphur  re- 
quired to  form  the  matte  is  necessarily  large,  the 
matte  itself  generally  reaching  twice  and  often  thrice 
the  weight  of  the  copper.  But  in  precious  metal 
smeltiug,  and  when  the  copper  and  lead  are  present 
if  at  all  only  in  small  proportions,  the  matte  is,  or 
rather  should  be,  formed  in  much  smaller  amounts. 
Even  as  small  a  proportion  as  one-fortieth  of  the 
charge  did  good  service  experimentally  at  Mineral, 
while  five  per  cent  or  one-twentieth  was  regularly 
made  whenever  the  ore  admitted  of  so  high  a  concen- 
tration. I  am  not  aware  that  in  treating  heavily 
sulphureted  ores  so  high  a  concentration  has  ever 
been  effected,  but  I  do  not  consider  pyritic  work  sat- 
isfactory that  fails  in  putting  at  least  ten  tons  into 
one,  .when  dealiug  with  ores  that  carry  less  than  five 
per  cent  of  copper.  With  ores  practically  free  from 
copper,  such,  for  example,  as  the  gold-bearing  con- 
centrates from  the  California  mines,  I  see  no  reason 
why  a  concentration  of  twenty  into  one  would  not 
be  practicable,  although  the  use  of  such  material 
would  of  course  involve  bricking  as  a  preparation  for 
smelting,  and  very  probably  the  addition  of  copper 
ore  to  a  small  extent  to  secure  a  complete  extrac- 
tion of  the  gold.  I  gather  from  experience  and  ob- 
servation that  the  matte,  to  effect  a  reasonably  com- 
plete saving  of  the  gold  and  silver,  should  have  at 
least  twenty  or  twenty-five  per  cent  of  copper;  but 
with  more  acid  slags  than  I  have  used  I  am  iuformed 
that  none  is  necessary.  I  conclude,  from  data  fur- 
nished by  others,  that  too  high  a  percentage  of  this 
metal  acts  prejudicially  upon  the  silver  extraction. 

EFFECTS   OF   THE   OXIDATION   OF    SULPHIDES. 

It  is  worth  while  for  the  sake  of  clearness  to  go 
over  the  ground  a  little  more  fully  as  to  the  func- 
tions of  sulphide  ores  and  matte  formers  generally  in 
the  pyritic  furnace.  These  functions  are  three. 
First,  we  get  heat  by  their  combustion,  which  assists 
the  reactions  and  helps  do  the  smelting;  second,  we 
get  flux  out  of  them  to  take  up  the  silica;  and  third, 
what  is  left  of  them  melts  down  as  matte  and  saves 
the  valuable  metals  in  the  whole  charge.  Notice 
how  intimately  the  three  functions  are  connected, 
and  how  they  are  related.  The  heat  produced  ac- 
cords with  the  amount  of  ore  (sulphides,  etc.) 
burned,  and  so  does  the  amount  of  Hux  produced. 
The  more  heat,  the  more  flux;  but  the  more  com- 
bustion of  ore,  the  less  production  of  matte.  Con- 
sequently, the  greater  production  of  heat  and  flux 
from  this  source,  the  less  matte  we  get.     Again,  as 


COMPARISON  OF  SMELTING  EFFECTS. 


Substance. 


Quartz  . 


Alumina  audits  com- 
pounds   


Mag  ii  est  a  n 
stone 


Lime,    Mag  lie  si  a, 
Baryta   ami   their 

silicates 

Heavy  Spar.. . 


German  System. 


Scorified.. 


C02  volat 

CaO  seoritled  . 


Pyritic  System. 


As  in  German  system. 


As  in  German  system. 


As  in  German  system. 
As  in  German  system. 


C02   volat As  in  German  system. 

CaO,  MgO  scorified As  in  German  system. 


Scorified As  in  German  system. 


Sou  (So::  ?)  volat. 
BaO  scorified, 
BaS  enters  matte. 


Iron  Pyrites  (Pyrite) 
(Pyrrhotite).... 


Iron  -  Copper  Sul- 
phides  (Bornite) 
(Chalcopyrite) . 

Copper  Carbonates 
and  i '/.rides 


Gold  in  any  form  . 


Zinc  Blende.. 


Sr  volat. 
FeS  matted. 


SO;;    volat.    (conjec- 
tural). 
BaO  scorified. 
BaS04    fused,    elimin- 
j    ated  with  basic  slag. 

|S02,  SO3  volat. 
|FeS  maUed. 
iFeO  scorified. 


(CuFe)SIormed  and(Cu  Fe)  S  matted, 
matted.  FeO  scorified. 


Copper  enters  matte  as 
Cu2S. 

Enters  matte  as  sul- 
phide (  '!  )  ;  recovery 
complete. 

Enters  matte  as  sul- 
phide. 


As  in  German  system. 


As  in  German  system. 
Recovery  complete. 


Part  enters  matte. 

Part  decomposed — 

< ZnO  enters  slag 
-,  Zn  volatilized. 
(S  volatilized. 


As  in  German  system. 
Recovery  probably 
decreases  as  pyritic 
effects  increase  in  in- 
tensity. 

Largely  decomposed. 
Zno  scorified,  part 
volatilized.  SO->, 
SO3  volatilized. 


Galena Euters   matte  as    PbS  Mainly  decomposed. 

or  Pb2S;  recovery  of     PbO   scorified.     SO-, 
lead  complete.  '    SOu  volat.    Recovery 

of  lead  incomplete. 

Arsenides  and  Arsenic  slightly  vola- Arsenic  chiefly  vola- 
SclpH'Arsenides  tilized;  remainder  tilized.  Ironoxidized 
(Mispickel,  Lol-  fuses  with  metals  of  and  scorified, 
lingite,  Leucopy-  group  4.  as  arsenide 
rite.etc.) matte  (speiss). 


Cob  a  l  t       and  Enters  matte  to  the  ex- 

Nickei '    elusion    of   iron,    but 

are  excluded  by  cop- 
per.   In  presence  of 
arsenic  enter  speit 
Recovery  complete. 


Metallic  Iron. 


Lead,  as  Oxides 
Carbonates . 


Matte  (Fe  Cu,  Ag, 

PI).  Co.  Nil.  (As.  Si 


Taken  up  by  sulphur 
forming  matte.  Scori 
rtcation  trifling. 


Mulled  us  sulphide.  Re 
covery  perfect. 


Fuses  unchanged. 


As  in  German  system. 


COKE I  [incomplete   combus 


CHARCOAI J 


tion.  Products  CO 
C02  in  various  pro- 
portions. 

Distillation  of  volatile 
constituents.  Incom- 
plete combustion  of 
fixed  carbon.  Calorific 
effect  limited. 

Distillation  excessive. 
Very  slight  smelting 
effects. 


Oxidation  complete. 
Scorification  of  re- 
sulting FeO.  Smelt- 
ing temperature  pro- 
duced, and  process 
assisted. 

Mainly  scorified.  Part 
may  enter  matte.  Re- 
covery imperfect. 

Part  oxidized.  Separa- 
tion of  As  as  AsoO.-s ; 
S  as  SOc;  FeasFeO; 
Pb  as  PbO :  fusion  of 
remainder  as  (Cu,  Co, 
Ni,  Au,  Ag)  S.  Oxida- 
tion (and  concentra- 
tion of  matte)  propor- 
tional to  intensity  of 
pyritic  effects.  Losses 
of  lead  and  silver 
probably  dependent 
on  composition  of  re- 
sulting second  matte. 

Complete  combustion. 
Product  CG2. 


Combustion  probably 
complete,  and  calorific 
effects  satisfactory 
(conjectural). 


Combustiou  tolerably 
complete.  Tempera- 
ture may  be  sufficient 
for  smelting,  espe- 
cially if  aided  by  the 
hot  blast. 


the  elimination  of  valueless  matters  is  the  object  of 
smelting,  the  less  matte  we  get,  as  long  as  it  is  suf- 
ficient in  quantity  to  absorb  the  metals  that  we  seek, 
the  better  it  is  for  us.  Therefore,  a  highly  concen- 
trated matte  is  always  to  be  sought,  and  our  opera- 
tions are  successful  in  proportion  to  the  concentra- 
tration  of  the  materials. 

The  questions  that  now  arise  are:  How  much 
available  heat  does  the  burning  of  the  ore  give  ? 
How  much  flux  and  of  what  sort  is  produced  ?  And 
how  much  matte  is  ordinarily  left  ?  The  experience 
thus  far  had  in  pyritic  work  does  not  supply  entirely 
satisfactory  answers  to  these  queries,  but  we  can 
approach  reasonably  close  to  satisfactory  answers  if 
assisted  in  some  cases  by  reasonable  conjecture.  It 
was  for  a  long  time  maintained  by  Mr.  Austin,  the 
real  inventor  of  pyritic  smelting,  that  enough  heat  is 
given  out  by  the  internal  combustion  of  a  fairly  fa- 
vorable charge  to  smelt  it.  It  is,  in  fact,  claimed 
that,  with  a  highly  heated  blast  (the  indispensable 
adjunct  of  the  extreme  degrees  of  pyriticism),  charges 
were  smelted  and  the  furnace  continuously  run  with- 
out inside  fuel  excepting  the  combustible  parts  of  the 
ore,  itself.  But  this  achievement,  while  prodigiously 
gratifying  to  metallurgists  and  in  every  way  com- 
mendable and  praiseworthy,  has  not  proved  thus  far 
the  forerunner  of  recognized  practice,  and  there  ap- 
pears to  be  no  locality  where  the  pyritic  work  is 
carried  on  in  that  manner.  The  result  of  the  vast 
deal  of  experimenting  and  practical  smelting  which 
has  been  done  within  five  years  in  pyritic  furnaces  is 
not  to  smelt  without  fuel,  but  to  smelt  with  a  smaller 


January  12,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


21 


proportion  of  carbonaceous  rue)  than  any  other 
smelting  process  bas  ever  used  or  can  use.  This  is 
not  t< .  say  that  all  plants  which  claim  to  run  on  this 
system  really  so  smelt,  for 1  have  information  to  the 
effect  that  at  least  .>nc  of  the  Colorado  pyritic  plants 
us.-s  fourteen  per  cent  of  fuel;  but  this  is  not  pyritic 
smelting,  nor  is  it  possible  with  such  extravagance 
of  fuel  to  achieve  any  desirable  pyritic  effects.  With 
better  management,  the  use  of  four  or  five  per  cent 
of  coke,  supplemented  by  the  warm  blast,  bas  proved 
sufficient  to  fuse  charges  of  ordinary  difficulty,  con 
taining  ten  to  twenty  per  cenl  of  sulphur  combined 
with  iron  and  copper,  producing  a  low-grade  matte 
The  work  in  the  Austin  furnaces  has  beet  directed 
toward  the  beneficiation  of  heavy  pyritous ores,  high 
in  sulphur,  with  the  result  of  showing  that  -neb  ores 
may  be  more  profitably  treated  by  pyriticism  than 
by  the  rival  process  of  lead  smelting.  But  it  also 
ars  thai  the  original  plans  of  work,  namely,  the 
practice  of  central  feeding  of  the  sulphides  to  obviate 
sticking  to  the  walls,  and  perhaps  other  devices 
recommended  by  the  inventor,  have  not  been  found 
advantageous  and  have  been  discarded.  The  heated 
blast,  which  at  lirst  was  held  a-  of  prime  importance 
in  pyritic  work,  appear-  to  have  fallen  from  its  high 

estate  in  Colorado,  and  I  hear  now  of  furnace  man- 
agers who  condemn  its  use  entirely.  But  in  this  I 
think  they  are  entirely  in  error.  Time,  1  think,  will 
-how  that  the  greatest  error  of  those  who  have  ex- 
ploited the  Austin  process  is  the  practice  of  swift 
running,  A  great  deal  has  been  said  about  the  daily 
capacity  of  pyritic  furnaces  and  about  the  conse- 
quent saving  of  time  and  labor,  Now.  the  essential 
thing  is  not  to  crowd  a  great  lot  of  material  through 
a  furnace,  hut  to  do  good  work  on  what  you  have. 
Pyritic  work  of  a  thorough  kind  is  inconsistent  with 
fast  running.  Pyritic  work  is  essentially  slow.  The 
claims  of  inventors  that  the  use  of  smaller  furnaces 
saves  labor  is  the  veriest  bosh,  inasmuch  as  it  costs 
exactly  as  much  to  feed  ore  into  and  take  slag  away 
from  a  small  furnace  as  it  does  from  a  large  one;  and 
the  cost  of  a  large  furnace  is  but  a  mere  trifle  above 
that  of  a  small  one — a  sum  so  small  as  to  cut  no 
ligure  in  the  cost  of  a  plant.  As  regards  the  con- 
centration of  product  by  the  one  and  the  other,  a 
small  furnace. — say  of  fifteen  square  feel  hearth  area 
— may  hu  driven  to  smelt  seventy-five  tons  of  heavy 
sulphides  per  day,  but  the  greatest  probable  con- 
centration of  product  in  such  a  case  would  not  be 
above  five  into  one.  Now.  if  by  using  a  furnace 
twice  as  large  and  driving  half  as  fast  we  get  a  con- 
centration of  ten  into  one  on  the  same  amount  of  ore 
smelted,  who  can  for  a  moment  deny  the  economic 
superiority  of  the  slower  rate  of  running,  especially 
as  this  would  be  achieved  at  merely  the  extra  ex- 
pense of  furnace  construction,  say  of  $200  or  $300  ? 

The  results  obtained  by  myself  at  Mineral,  Idaho, 
in  smelting  charges  of  argentiferous  (and  slightly 
cupriferous)  sulphides,  bear  out  in  full  the  assertion 
that  slow  running  is  essential  in  pyritic  work.  The 
ore  carried  as  high,  at  times,  as  twenty  per  cent  of 
sulphur,  always  produced  very  fusible  slags,  and  the 
charges  the  highest  in  sulphides  were  melted  with 
the  expenditure  of  six  and  one-fourth  per  cent  of 
Connellsville  coke,  with  a  ratio  of  concentration  of 
about  ten  into  one.  This  was  done  with  the  un- 
healed blast  under  circumstances  that  convince  me 
that  with  moderately  heated  air,  raised  to  the  tem- 
perature say  of  40(1°  P. ,  the  fuel  expenditure  could 
have  been  diminished  one-half.  But  notice  the  con- 
ditions that  have  to  be  maintained  in  the  furnace: 
There  is  no  surplus  of  heat  to  spare;  the  slag  is 
only  hot  enough  to  secure  its  separation  from  the 
matte;  the  rate  of  running  is  not  over  two  and  a  half 
tons  in  twenty-four  hours  to  each  square  foot  of 
hearth  area,  and  the  furnace  is  always  in  imminent 
danger  of  freezing  up.  But  little  matte  is  formed 
and  it  is  likewise  far  from  hot,  besides  being  (a  con- 
sequence of  the  considerable  degree  of  concentra- 
tion) quite  rich  in  copper  and  therefore  tends  to 
build  up  the  crucible  with  solid  matter.  The  smelt- 
ing was  done  in  a  water  jacket;  it  should  have  been 
carried  on  in  a  brick  or  stone  stack  with  walls  at 
least  two  feet  thick,  in  order  to  avoid  the  loss  of 
heat,  the  more  so  as  in  smelting  at  this  slow  rate 
and  with  so  little  fuel  and  excess  of  heat,  there  is  not 
the  slightest  tendency  to  corrosion  of  brick  walls 
and  consequently  no  reason  to  employ  jackets.  The 
same  reasoning  applies  equally  to  most  forms  of 
pyritic  smelting,  wherein  I  am  satisfied  that  the  use 
of  water-jacketed  surfaces  is  a  great  mistake. 
Smelting  at  this  slow  rate  brings  about  some  condi- 
tions injurious  to  the  process,  in  that  the  crucible  or 
fore-hearth  are  liable  to  chill  up,  and  a  rate  of  run- 
ning slower  yet  will  put  an  end  to  the  operations.  In 
order  to  continue  slow  running,  with  its  attendant 
high  concentration  and  cooling  of  the  hearth,  it  is 
necessary  to  return  much  matte  to  the  charge,  the 
action  of  which  is  to  heat  up  the  crucible  and  render 
tapping  easy,  while  its  combustion,  which  takes 
place  to  quite  an  extent  each  time  it  goes  through, 
effects  a  desirable  enrichment  of  the  substance  it- 
self, while  providing  a  proportional  amount  of  metal- 
lic oxides,  which  immediately  enter  the  slag,  increas- 
ing, as  a  rule,  its  fusibility  and  liquidity.  Even  in 
lead  smelting,  where  no  chemical  action  of  this  sort 
can  be  expected,  it  is  not  uncommon  for  the  furnace 
men  to  feed  "  iron  "  (matte)  in  order  to,  as  they  ex- 
press it,  "  warm  up  the  bottom,"  the  effect  being  to 


transfer  heat  from  the  upper  to    the    lower    part    of 

the  furnace,      If.  then,  such  an  effect  is  produi 

the  mere   Iting  and   passing  through  of  matte 

(and  any  very  fusible  substance  will    have    the    same 

I  i,  how  much  the  more  effect  the  operation  must 

have  where  a  decided  oxidation    take-    place    during 

the  downward  passage  ?     I  am  convinced    thai    the 

regular  feeding  of  matte  a-  a  part  of  the  charge  will 
be  a  recognized  part  of  pyritic  smelting  when  a  fur. 
ther  concentration  is  desirable,  when  the  process 
languishes  for  want  of  heat  and  when  the  condition 
ol  'in'  bottom  demands  attention.  The  matte,  iii  or- 
der that  its  sensible  heat  should  not  be  -aerifhed, 
should  be  fed  in  a  hot,  that  is  to  -ay.  in  a  Hen  con- 
dition. This  device,  on  which  I  have  taken  out  I'  I 
t'i'-  patent,  reaches  its  highest  usefulness  in  the  case 
of  difficultly  fusible  mixtures,  where  the  fuel  supply 

is  too  low  to  properly    melt    the    charge.      When    the 

furnace  is  fed  low,  so  as  to  bring  the  lire  near  the 
top,  and  when  an  excess  of  oxygen  finds  its  way 
through  the  charge,  the  matte  is  tapped  from  the 
crucible  or  fore-hearth  and  elevated  Iii  the  feed  floor 
and  poured  into  the  furnace  in  a  thin  stream  which 
breaks  up  into  particles  which  are  scattered  over 
the  surface  of  the  ore  and  find  their  way  down  the 
interstices.  A  portion  is  burned,  producing  heat 
and  llux.  and  the  remainder  sinks  into  the  crucible 
again,  transferring  1o  that  part  of  the  furnace  the 
heat  which  is  required  to  keep  if  in  good  working 
condition.  1  think  that  metallurgists  may  rely  with 
entire  safety  upon  this  plan  as  fulfilling  the  functions 
for  which  it  is  designed. 

HOT   AND   COLD    m.ASTS. 

Heating  the  blast  confers  two  principal  benefits: 
First,  economy  of  fuel;  and,  second,  the  improved 
working  of  the  furnace.  Both  are  very  important 
indeed,  and  well  nigh  indispensable  where  fuel  is 
costly,  or  where  the  slags  are  difficult  of  fusion,  or 
where  the  matte  formers  predominate  in  the  smelt- 
ing mixture.  There  are  two  principal  ways  of  heat- 
ing the  blast:  First,  by  means  of  fuel  burned  out- 
side the  furnace,  in  a  special  firebox,  by  which  the 
air  for  the  blast  is  heated  in  pipes  under  pressure  as 
in  iron  manufacture,  as  has  been  practiced  in  the 
several  Austin  plants;  and,  second,  according  to  the 
plan  that  I  have  proposed,  wherein  air  contained  in 
a  confined  space,  but  not  necessarily  under  pressure, 
is  heated  by  the  waste  heat  of  the  slag  which  has  is- 
sued from  the  furnace  and  is  on  its  way  to  the  dump. 
My  method  has  not  yet  been  put  in  practice,  and  I 
make  no  claims  or  assumptions  concerning  it;  but  it 
appears  to  me  that  a  temperature  of  at  least  500°  F. 
should  be  got  by  this  means  at  no  expense  whatever, 
excepting  interest  on  cost  of  plant,  and  trifling  wear 
and  tear.  One  thousand  degrees  can  be  attained  by 
means  of  the  pipe  stove,  and  between  the  two  sys- 
tems the  question  would  be  as  to  the  balance  of  ad- 
vantages between  500°,  which  cost  nothing,  and  1000° 
got  at  the  expense  of  fuel,  labor  and  repairs. 

INTERNAL   FORM    OF   FURNACES. 

The  interior  form  of  the  shaft  exerts  an  important 
effect  upon  the  smelting  process.  Narrowing  the 
smelting  zone  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  tuyeres  so 
as  to  concentrate  the  chemical  action  assists  in  a  re- 
markable degree  the  reduction  of  oxides  and  the  pro- 
duction of  metals.  Accordingly,  we  find  furnaces 
designed  for  the  production  of  metallic  lead,  copper 
and  iron  constructed  with  boshes  as  a  rule,  or  at  least 
diminished  in  size  toward  the  lower  part,  a  common 
type  being  the  jacketed  copper  stacks  used  in  Ari- 
zona, which  are  inverted  frustra  of  cones.  Fur- 
naces of  such  form  were  at  first  used  for  pyritic 
work,  and,  singularly  enough,  are  still  recommended 
for  the  purpose  by  some  individuals.  The  proper 
form,  however,  possesses  vertical  sides,  as  a  little 
reflection  will  have  shown  the  reader.  With  such  a 
construction  we  get  a  diffusion  of  the  blast  through 
a  greater  mass  of  the  charge,  and  consequently 
enlarged  opportunities  for  the  passage  of  uncom- 
bined  oxygen  upward  from  the  tuyeres  into  the 
region  where  the  heated  sulphides  are  ready  for 
combustion.  We  also  get,  it  is  true,  a  lower  work- 
ing temperature  without  than  with  the  boshes  or 
inward  tapering  sides,  and  this  seems  at  present  a 
real  drawback  to  the  process,  for  it  compels  us  to 
use  slags  of  lower  fusing  point,  though  this  we  may 
possibly  obviate  by  the  use  of  the  heated  blast. 

It  is  matter  of  common  knowledge,  also,  that  the 
height  of  the  furnace  shaft  exerts  an  influence  on 
the  action,  those  furnaces  with  the  higher  stacks 
effecting  the  greatest  reduction  of  oxides.  We 
therefore  reason  that  the  pyritic  furnace  should  be 
low.  Our  reasoning  is  borne  out  in  practice,  and  it 
seems  to  the  writer  that  a  greater  depth  of  charge 
than  four  feet,  or  possibly  five,  with  ordinary 
charges  is  a  grave  mistake.  Again,  inasmuch  as  the 
oxidizing  influences  are  at  work  along  the  sides  only, 
not  extending  far  into  the  center  of  the  mass  of  ore, 
it  appears  that  the  capacity  of  the  furnace  will 
depend  upon  the  interior  length  of  its  walls.  In  de- 
signing a  furnace  for  a  given  output,  therefore,  the 
question  is  rather  one  of  the  peripheral  extent  of 
the  structure  than  of  tuyere  area. 

LOSSES   IN   PYRITIC   SMELTING. 

There  are,  as  usual,  three  principal  sources  of  loss, 
namely,  0)  loss  in  slags,  {/>)  loss  in  flue  dust,  (c)  loss 
by  volatilization.  Regarding  the  first  two,  there  is 
uo  more  to  be  said  than  that  they  exist  to  the  same 


extent  as  in  the  German  system  and  in  lead  smelting, 
and  have  the  same  effect  upon  the   percentage  ol 
traction   of   the    precious    metals.     I    will    therefore 
dismiss  this    part   of    the    topic   by    saying  that   the 
pyritic  slags  are  as   Eree   from    precious   metals  as 

made    by  the  lead  and  copper   matte   Mueller-. 

and  are  a-  tree  from  copper  a-  the  latter  habitually 
Regarding  volatilization  losses  we  are  somewhat  in 

the  dark.      It  is  unfortunately  the   ease  that    most  of 

those  who  have  practiced  pyritic  smelling,  and  par- 
ticularly those  who  have  exploited  its  processes, 
have  left  us  in   ignorance  of  the  losses  suffered  in 

their    work.       (hily    rumors      and      unacknowledged 

statements    concerning    the     work    in    the   Rocky 

mountain  region  are  at  hand  to  base  our  estimates 
and  conclusions  upon,  and  these  emanate  largely 
from  lead  smelting  people,  some  of  whom  are  inimical 
to  pyritic  s Iting  as   a  rival    to    be    feared.      1    will 

therefore  say  no  more  of  the  work   in   that  region 

than  that  we  have  good  evidence  of  its  success  in  one 
locality,  where  a  plant  continues  in  operation  though 
surrounded  with  lead  smelters.  II-  losses,  therefore. 
cannot  be  gnat,  and  most  probably  reach  no  higher 
percentage  than  its  neighbors.  Another  pyritic 
works,  running  on  difficult  charges  of  zinc-bearing 
ore.  are  said  to  have  suffered  a  loss  by  volatilization 
of  eighteen  per  cent  of  its  silver.  We  are  further 
informed  that  "  fire  tops  "  always  prevailed  at  this 
furnace. 

In  a  campaign  of  three  weeks  at  Mineral,  the  fur- 
nace treating  a  variety  of  mixtures  and  producing  a 
concentration  at  times  of  forty  into  one,  the  com- 
bined slag  and  volatilization  losses  amounted  to  15 
per  cent — a  result  due  in  part  to  overmuch  experi- 
menting in  unknown  fields  of  research.  In  another 
compaign  in  which  1800  tons  of  ore  were  smelted, 
my  losses  footed  up  11  per  cent  of  the  silver,  part  of 
which  I  ascribe  to  volatilization  in  the  furnace,  part 
to  the  unavoidable  losses  in  slag,  and  the  remainder 
to  the  experimental  bessemerizatiou  of  a  part  of  the 
matte.  These  intolerable  losses  were  experienced 
under  circumstances  that  suggested  the  causes  and 
the  remedies;  and  the  latter  being  employed,  the 
losses  were  subsequently  largely  obviated.  Without 
going  into  the  remote  causes  of  volatilization  of  sil- 
ver, I  have  only  to  say  that  they  are  mainly  control- 
lable by  furnace  manipulation,  experience  showing 
that  they  may  mostly  be  checked  by  merely  running 
with  a  cold  top.  Hot  tops  in  any  furnace  smelting 
lead  or  silver  ores  are  a  potent  cause  of  losses,  but 
do  not,  as  it  appears,  cause  the  volatilization  of  cop- 
per or  gold.  Compare  the  heavy  discrepancies  men- 
tioned with  later  results  at  Mineral,  where  with  more 
experience  but  less  tractable  ores  the  savings 
reached  95,  97  and  102  per  cent  of  the  silver  in  dif- 
ferent campaigns.  The  latter  result,  unexpected 
but  not  unprecedented,  serves  mainly  to  emphasize 
the  inaccuracies  of  assay  methods. 

Bartlett,  in  that  form  of  pyritic  smelting  known 
as  the  zinc-lead  process,  finds  that  he  sustains  a  loss 
of  from  six  to  fifteen  per  cent,  varying,  I  presume, 
in  accordance  with  the  intensity  of  the  pyritic 
agencies  in  use  at  the  time.  In  this  process  a  large 
part  of  the  charge  is  intentionally  volatilized,  and 
the  conditions  of  the  work  appear  to  be  such  as  to 
render  heavy  losses  unavoidable.  Indeed,  it  seems 
to  me  remarkable  that  they  are  so  small. 

I  will  conclude  these  remarks  upon  the  subject  of 
silver  losses  by  recalling  the  fact  that  the  experience 
of  those  engaged  in  bessemerizing  copper  mattes  is 
that  the  losses  of  silver  are  very  large,  so  large,  it 
would  seem,  as  to  preclude  the  use  of  that  process 
for  the  treatment  of  most  argentiferous  mattes.  At 
the  same  time  the  losses  of  gold  are  quite  slight. 
Both  these  results  correspond  with  what  we  might 
have  expected  from  our  knowledge  of  the  habits  of 
the  two  metals. 

CONCLUSION. 

Pyritic  smelting  to-day  lacks  nothing  in  concep- 
tion or  in  principle  or  in  scope  of  usefulness.  What 
it  lacks  is  chiefiy  the  effort  of  scientific  adepts  and  of 
skilled  operatives,  the  one  to  make  known  its  under- 
lying principles,  the  other  to  carry  on  its  practice. 
Thus  far  but  few  men  have  become  educated  either 
in  its  principles  or  its  practice,  and  there  is  and  must 
be  a  vast  amount  of  misdirected  effort,  the  result  of 
which  is  inconclusive,  and  in  the  eyes  of  the  world 
can  only  serve  to  confirm  the  doubt  with  which  all 
new  processes  are  received.  In  popular  estimation 
pyritic  smelting  is  a  "patent  process,"  the  prop- 
erty of  one  man.  In  fact,  it  is  an  immensely  broad 
conception  whose  important  and  indispensable  feat- 
ures have  not  been  and  cannot  be  patented.  In 
looking  over  its  almost  boundless  field  it  seems  to  me 
that  its  most  profitable  immediate  application  is  in 
the  treatment  of  difficult  ores  in  isolated  districts,  in 
fields  altogether  new,  or  supplanting  in  older  locali- 
ties less  effective  processes.  With  the  improve- 
ments that  have  taken  place  in  smelting  in  general, 
and  with  the  increased  range  of  usefulness  of  the 
matting  processes  in  particular,  there  is  every  reason 
to  expect  that  matte  smelting  will  indeed  supplant 
in  the  not  distant  future  («•)  those  processes  which 
fail  to  yield  a  high  percentage  of  metal,  (b)  those 
which,  like  amalgamation,  afford  no  valuable  by- 
products, and  (c)  those  which,  like  lixiviation-,  require 
costly  preliminary  experimentation  and  give  an 
uncertain  yield. 


22 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  12,   1895. 


Gov.  Budd. 


"Jim"  Budd  was  inaugurated  Governor  of  Cali- 
fornia last  evening  with  imposing  ceremonies.  Here- 
with is  presented  a  good  picture  of  the  man  who  has 
been  chosen  by  the  commonwealth  to  fill  the  chair  of 
the  chief  executive  for  the  next  four  years.  At  the 
last  session  of  the  California  State  Miners'  Associa- 
tion Gov.  Budd  was  present  and  made  an  address, 
which  went  far  to  justify  the  belief  of  the  miners 


mortises  in  the  shafts,  by  which  the  stamps  were 
lifted.  T  was  one  of  two  appointed  by  our  company 
to  go  to  San  Francisco  and  have  a  mill  made  to  work 
our  lode.  Observing  the  Amador  mill  work  and 
noting  its  clumsiness,  and,  afterward,  on  the  way 
down  the  Sacramento  river  on  the  steamer  Confi- 
dence, observing  what  are  called  the  lifting  rods  of 
the  engine  rise  and  fall  through  metallic  boxes, 
smoothly  and  wholly  without  friction,  I  adopted  the 
plan  of  having  the  shafts  of  the  pestles  made  of  iron, 


the  ore.  The  pestles  were  constantly  being  removed 
to  be  cast  over,  and  as  often  wearing  unevenly  on 
their  faces. 

Our  mill  being  round  and  swinging  a  little  to  the 
right  and  left,  and,  as  you  will  see,  having  no  lateral 
beams  keeping  square  pestle  rods  rising  and  falling 
perpendicularly,  was  a  great  improvement  on  the 
face-wearing  plan,  which  was  seen  at  once.  But  one 
day  one  of  the  cams  lost  one  of  its  forks,  or  fingers 
by   breaking  off  at   the   junction   and,    at  once  this 


HON.     JAMES    H.     BUDD,     GOVERNOR    OP    CALIFORNIA. 


that  in  the  new  Governor  they  would  find  as  good  a 
friend  and  fair  an  ally  as  they  had  in  the  retiring 
State  executive,  Gov.  Markham. 


An  Interesting  Reminiscence. 

A  good  many  old  timers  in  California  who  remem- 
ber John  Conness,  now  living  in  Boston,  Mass.,  will 
read  with  interest  the  following.  Writing  to  an  old 
friend  in  Tuolumne  Co.,  Mr.  Conness  says: 

Once  in  my  California  life  I  invested  in  one  of  the 
rich  mines  on  Amador  creek,  where  Hayward  ob- 
tained his  first  fortune.  He  was  a  placer  miner  in 
El  Dorado,  near  where  I  lived.  At  that  time  there 
was  one  stamp  mill  in  place  and  at  work  on  Amador 
creek.  It  was  of  an  English  pattern.  The  shafts  of 
the  stumps  were  square  beams  of  wood,  not  less  than 
ightorten  Inches  square,  and  the  cams  ran  into 


turned  smoothly,  and  run  in  metallic  boxes,  like 
those  on  the  engine  of  the  steamer  Confidence.  A 
shoulder  was  keyed  on  the  shaft  or  lifting  rod,  so 
that  the  cam  could  lift  readily;  but- as  the  shaft  or 
rod  was  round,  and  so  that  the  lift  might  be  done  by 
a  hold  on  both  sides  of  the  rod  against  the  keyed 
shoulder,  we  had  the  cam  made  with  two  arms  in- 
stead of  one,  just  like  two  of  your  fingers..  The  mill 
was  erected  and  it  worked  beautifully. 

Now,  one  of  the  difficulties  of  the  English-pattern 
mill  was  that  the  stamp  rose  aDd  fell  perfectly 
straight.  It  worked  between  two  heavy  beams  of 
wood,  which  were  horizontally  placed  to  keep  the 
rise  and  fall  of  the  pestle  within  its  narrow  bounds. 
The  result  of  this  was  that  the  ore  or  rock  would  get 
into  the  angles  of  the  mortar  and  the  faces  of  all  the 
pestles  would  become  worn  unevenly,  and,  finally, 
either  side  of  a  pestle  would  look  like  a  wedge  and 
fall  with  a  thud,  not  doing  its  work  of  pulverizing 


stamp,  while  it  raised  with  perfect  ease,  had  an  in- 
creased swing,  rotating  from  one  side  to  the  other, 
and  its  face,  having  an  equality  of  wear,  did  its  work 
beautifully.  There  was  no  crowding  of  the  ore  from 
one  side  of  the  mortar  to  the  other;  it  was  a 
mechanical  revelation.  We  had  all  the  cams  made 
with  one  finger,  or  wing,  and  did  more  for  quartz 
mining  than  was  ever  accomplished  in  any  other  way. 

Our  company  employed  one  of  its  members — a  law- 
yer— to  superintend  and  do  the  work.  There  was 
neither  let  nor  hindrance  to  his  management,  but  in 
a  year  or  two  we  closed  up  the  mine,  assessed  our- 
selves, paid  the  debts,  and  quit.  A.  H.  Rose  took 
the  mine  afterward  and  made  a  great  fortune  out  of 
it.  I  had  much  experience  in  mining  and  put  a  good 
deal  of  money  in  it,  and  what  I  learned  was  that  the 
best  mine  in  the  world  could  be  frittered  away,  for 
want  of  good  judgment  in  its  management. 

*****  John  Confess. 


January   12,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


23 


/lining   Reports  and   Hine  Salting.* 


By  U'»iti:i:   M<  Dkkmutt. 

Mining  Report*.  Some  apology,  or  at  least  ex- 
planation, seems  called  tor  in  t hi-  introduction  of  this 
paper;  for,  while  the  subjects  treated  are  of  interest 
to  all  engaged  in  the  minim;  business,  they  become 
more  or  less  personal  in  character  when  written  on, 
and  tend  to  drift  into  the  form  of  a  lecture.  Should 
these  objections  become  too  apparent  to  the  mem- 
bers, they  will  perhaps  exercise  a  proper  toleration 
in  view  of  the  fact  that  we  have  with  us  not  only  as- 
Bociates  whose  age  precludes  any  lengthy  practical 
experience,  bul  also  students  who  have  still  perhaps 
to  go  through  somewhat  the  same  experiences  as  are 
referred  to  in  these  notes.  It  has  been  my  fate 
during  the  last  twenty-three  years  not  only  to  write 
a  fair  number  of  reports  myself,  but  also  in  the  course 
of  business  to  read  a  vast  quantity  of  reports  by 
other  people;  and  it  is  much  easier  to  find  out  the 
weak  points  of  others  to  point  a  moral  than  to  set  a 
proper  example  oneself.  The  proper  examination  of 
.mil  reporting  on  mines  can  never  be   covered  by  a 

i  of  rules,  for  in  this  work  the  personal  equation 
plays  an  important  part,  and  training,  ability  and 
even  experience  are  all  insufficient  in  many  cases  un- 
less accompanied  by  the  common  sense  and  sound 
judgment  necessary  in  all  business  transactions. 

There  is  such  a  great  variety  of  badness  in  mining 
reports  that  a  little  grouping  of  the  cardinal  sins 
will  be  useful.  In  speaking  of  mining  reports  gener- 
ally, for  the  purpose  of  illustration,  1  intend  to  cover 
not  only  those  made  by  mining  engineers,  but  all 
those  used  in  business,  and  so  fairly  subject  to  crit- 
icism, from  that  of  the  learned  professor  of  other 
sciences  who  is  dragged  from  the  seclusion  of  bis 
study  and  put  underground,  to  be  made  miserable 
with  candle  grease,  down  to  that  of  the  practical 
miner,  who,  having  beaten  a  drill  for  a  certain 
number  of  years,  is  prepared  to  dogmatize  also  on 
facts,  figures,  theories  and  conclusions. 

Among  the  old  friends  we  meet  in  numberless  re- 
ports, and  which  seem  to  need  a  little  protection 
against  excessive  wear  and  tear,  the  following  will 
be  considered: 

1.  The  true  fissure  vein. 

2.  Increasing  width  in  depth. 

3.  Increasing  richness  as  depth  is  attained. 

4.  Junction  of  veins. 

5.  <  're  in  sight. 

ti.   Proximity  to  a  rich  mine. 

7.   Failure  from  mismanagement. 

Now,  heaven  forbid  that  I  should  be  held  as  speak- 
ing disrespectfully  of  any  one  of  these  things,  each 
estimable  in  itself.  My  remarks  are  pointed  only 
against  their  indiscriminate  use,  and  particularly 
against  their  public  use  as  catch-penny  phrases  in  a 
way  to  imply  more  than  they  actually  mean. 

The  TriH'  Fissure  Vein. — There  has  been  more  joy 
over  this  one  term  than  over  anything  else  in  the  his- 
tory of  mining.  The  investing  public  has  become  in- 
toxicated with  the  exuberance  of  its  descriptiveness. 
The  practical  miner  has  grasped  its  effectiveness, 
and  the  first  ring  of  his  pick  on  an  outcrop  satisfies 
him  he  has  got  the  genuine  article  with  tap  roots  in 
the  Antipodes.  What  is  a  true  fissure  vein  ?  It  is 
supposed  to  be  a  fissure  in  the  country  rock  filled 
with  veinstone,  which  may  be  expected  to  go  down 
to  a  considerable  depth.  The  veinstone  itself  some- 
times carries  pay  ore.  This  does  not  seem  much  to 
base  any  elaborate  calculations  on;  and  not  only  is  it 
insufficient,  but  experience  all  over  the  world  has 
shown  that  some  of  the  most  valuable  ore  deposits 
are  not  found  in  fissure  veins  at  all. 

Even  as  far  as  mere  depth  is  concerned,  it  is  by  no 
means  yet  established  that  true  fissure  veins  go  any 
deeper  into  the  earth's  crust  than  bedded  deposits, 
contact  or  pipe  veins;  and  it  would  be  of  no  conse- 
quence if  they  did  go  deeper,  since  they  cannot  be 
followed.  I  have  read  a  report  of  a  geological  ex- 
pert who  expressed  himself  as  ready  to  stake  his 
reputation  that  a  certain  vein  would  go  down  and 
carry  its  value  to  at  least  1000  feet.  Properly  used, 
the  term  "  true  fissure"  is  usefully  descriptive,  but 
where  used  as  an  incantation  to  call  up  visions  of 
wealth  to  an  unlimited  depth  it  needs  suppressing. 

Increasing  Wiilih  in  Depth. — It  is  naturally  gratify- 
ing to  the  owner  of  a  mine  to  see  his  vein  increasing 
in  width  as  he  goes  down  on  it.  It  also  looks  well  as 
described  in  a  report,  and  must  naturally  be  men- 
tioned when  it  occurs;  but  in  some  reports  the  impli- 
cation arises  that  it  is  a  vital  point  and  to  be  calcu- 
lated on  as  continuing.  If  a  vein  went  on  increasing 
m  width  it  would  very  soon  attain  enormous  dimen- 
sions; and  if  it  outcropped  in  a  country  blessed  with 
the  law  of  the  apex,  its  lucky  owner  would  have  a 
good  claim  to  a  very  large  proportion  of  the  earth 
when  he  got  down  a  few  miles.  It  may  pretty  safely 
be  assumed  that  the  increase  in  width  will  not  con- 
tinue, and  when  it  stops  it  is  very  likely  to  be  suc- 
ceeded by  a  corresponding  decrease,  so  as  to  keep  up 
the  usual  average  of  things.  When,  say,  a  fifty-feet 
shaft  sunk  on  a  vein  shows  an  increase  in  thickness 
from  one  foot  at  surface  to  six  feet  at  the  bottom, 
there  is  nothing  to  show  that  in  continuing  to  sink 
the  vein  may  not  gradually  or  rapidly  pinch  again  to 
its  size  at  surface,  or  even  much  less.     If  any  calcu- 

*Paper  rend  on  Deo.  in.  1884,  fit  the  meeting  of  the  Institute  ot 
Mining  ;nifl  Metnllurfry, 


lations  were  justifiable  at  all  in  such  a  case,  general 
experience  would  certainly  lead  one  to  expect  such 
decrease.  The  only  positive  conclusion  would  be  that 
the  vein  is  irregular  in  width.  It  looks  nicer  and 
more  definite  in  a  report  to  say  simply  ''the  vein  is 
Steadily  increasing  in  width  as  sunk  on,"  than  to 
state  that  "  the  width  of  the  vein  is  variable,  run- 
ning from  one  foot  to  six  feet,  and  therefore  until 
further  opened  in  length  and  depth  its  average  can- 
not be  safely  calculated  on."  The  one  statement  is 
as  true  as  the  other,  but  the  effect  of  the  two  in 
reading  is  not  the  same. 

Tncn  (Mi  in  Richnea. — There  is  a  touching  confidence 
in  the  belief  of  many  practical  miners  that  veins  get 
richer  as  they  go  down.  Experience  and  disappoint- 
ment often  fail  to  shake  this  comfortable  belief.  The 
remarks  made  as  to  irregularity  in  width  apply 
equally  to  increase  in  richness  with  depth.  Most 
practical  men  are  able  to  cite  a  great  many  more 
examples  of  rich  mines  becoming  poorer  with  depth 
than  the  reverse.  I  remember  being  struck  with 
the  inconsistency  and  persistency  of  the  belief  in 
depth  in  various  camps  of  the  Rocky  mountains.  Up 
to  the  highest  ranges,  say  12,000  feet  above  sea  level, 
there  are  mines  which  need  sinking  on  to  prove  their 
real  value;  and  7000  feet  below  them  in  the  foothills 
are  mines  equally  needing  depth.  Probably  the 
thought  at  the  bottom  of  this  belief  rests,  like  some 
of  the  attractiveness  of  the  true  fissure  veins,  in  the 
old  idea  of  a  central  seething  mass  of  precious  metals, 
and  in  the  forcing  up  of  a  molten  vein-filling.  This 
faith  in  the  saving  grace  of  depth  and  of  true  fissure 
veins,  in  the  face  of  facts,  can  only  be  explained  by 
the  definition  of  faith  as  given  by  the  little  girl;  viz., 
"  believing  what  you  know  is  not  true."  The  hanker- 
ing for  depth  has  its  justification,  of  course,  in  the 
necessity  for  sinking  usually  to  get  any  develop- 
ments, but  where  access  is  obtainable  to  the  foot  of  a 
mountain  through  which  a  vein  runs,  the  same  men 
who  claim  a  special  efficacy  for  depth  in  other  cases 
will  point  to  the  vast  advantages  of  having  the 
ground  above  one  to  be  opened  by  adits.  The  facts 
of  experience  show  that  when  a  vein  is  rich  at  the 
surface,  a  hope  that  it  may  continue  is  a  more  proper 
attitude  than  a  belief  that  it  will  get  richer  in  depth; 
and  when  it  is  poor  on  surface,  any  change  in  sinking 
would  be  for  the  better.  Naturally  these  remarks 
do  not  apply  to  cases  of  known  ore  shoots  of  estab- 
lished directions. 

Junction  of  Veins. — Striking  cases  of  enrichment  of 
veins  at  their  junctions  occur;  but,  as  many  examples 
of  junction  without  richness  also  exist,  it  does  not  do 
to  attach  too  much  importance  to  the  results  to  be 
expected.  In  some  reports  the  future  junction  of 
two  veins  is  often  itself  assumed  on  insufficient  data, 
and  the  consequences  are  calculated  on  with  a  cer- 
tainty which  is  still  less  to  be  justified.  In  this,  as 
in  other  matters,  Nature  seems  to  have  a  rooted  ob- 
jection to  fixed  laws  of  clear  and  simple  expression, 
and  prefers  them  with  so  many  "  buts  "  and  "  ifs  " 
that  she  is  still  practically  free  to  do  as  she  pleases. 

Ore  in  Sight. — Under  this  head  is  included  matter 
which  is  of  the  very  greatest  importance,  and  which 
requires  the  very  best  work  of  an  engineer.  The 
estimation  of  ore  hi  sight  in  an  opened  mine  often  in- 
volves the  consideration  of  so  many  points,  and  is  so 
largely  a  matter  of  good  judgment,  that  one  may  ex- 
pect some  discrepancy  in  the  reports  of  different  en- 
gineers. There  is  nothing  in  which  such  vast  dis- 
crepancies do  exist,  in  fact,  as  in  regard  to  this. 
Two  good  engineers  will  vary  in  their  estimates,  and 
when  it  comes  to  inexperienced  men,  or  to  so-called 
practical  men  who  have  no  reverence  for  the  written 
word,  the  term  "ore  in  sight"  becomes  a  theme  for 
the  exercise  of  the  highest  flights  of  imagination,  and 
the  airing  of  a  little  rudimentary  mathematics.  In 
the  common  mining  report  we  are  all  acquainted 
with,  it  is  not  unusual  to  see  the  length  of  the  chain 
multiplied  by  a  cheerfully  assumed  average  width  of 
vein,  then  by  500  or  1000  feet  for  depth,  and  a  ton- 
nage deduced  which  reminds  one  of  the  figures  used 
for  astronomical  purposes.  Sometimes,  to  inspire 
extra  confidence,  the  expert  generally  knocks  off  25 
or  50  per  cent,  and  feels  he  has  then  done  his  duty, 
whatever  happens.  The  character  and  ability  of  a 
man  can  sometimes  be  closely  estimated  from  the  way 
he  figures  up  ore  in  sight  after  giving  the  dimension 
bearing  on  it,  and  it  often  suffices  to  look  at  this  cal- 
culation in  order  to  determine  a  report  to  be  not  only 
quite  unreliable  as  to  conclusions,  but  equally  irre- 
sponsible as  to  data. 

In  connection  with  estimation  of  ore  in  sight,  the 
system  of  sampling  employed  is  worth  mentioning 
here.  In  some  reports  the  expert  writes  of  taking 
samples  "at  random."  When  a  man  says  he  has 
picked  some  samples  from  a  dump  "at  random," 
and  they  assay  well,  he  implies  that  such  ore  is  plen- 
tiful on  the  dump,  and  that  he  did  not  purposely 
select  it  from  its  appearance.  What  his  statement 
actually  means  is,  that  on  an  important  matter  he 
was  willing  to  trust  to  luck  as  to  whether  he  hit 
poor  or  rich  ore,  or  whether  he  was  getting  just 
what  had  been  previously  placed  for  him  to  get. 
Luck  is  a  very  necessary  thing  in  mining,  but  it 
should  not  enter  into  sampling.  If  the  sample  is  a 
random  one  its  value  proves  nothing.  Some  people 
seem  to  think  this  method  of  sampling  is  important 
evidence  of  an  impartial  mind,  and  that  shutting  the 
eves  is  the  best  security  against  the  frailty  of  human 


nature,  which  would  otherwise  lead  a  poor  creature 
to  pick  out  the  richest  looking  ore  he  can  find. 

Another  little  weakness  to  be  remarked  in  some 
reports  is  the  willingness  to  make  a  liberal  discount 
off  the  expert's  own  figures.  The  writer  concludes, 
for  instance,  from  his  samples — perhaps  taken  at 
random — that  a  gold  vein  will  average  two  ouno 
gold  to  the  ton,  but,  to  be  on  the  safe  side,  gener- 
ously offers  to  take  it  at  one  ounce,  and  then  with  a 
light  heart  goes  into  calculations  by  day,  and  month, 
and  year.  If  a  man  knocks  off  50  to  100  pet 
from  his  supposed  reliable  figures  to  be  safe,  it  al- 
ways occurs  to  me  that  the  one  who  reads  his  report 
may  feel  tempted  to  lop  off  another  equal  percentage 
to  be  still  safer. 

I  do  not  wish  to  be  understood  as  condemning  the 
very  proper  allowance  which  a  careful  man  will  make 
for  the  difference  between  results  of  milling  large 
quantities  of  ore,  and  the  assays  of  samples  from  the 
clean  veinstone,  owing  to  intrusions  of  waste  rock 
and  breaking  down  of  country  rock  in  mining  when 
everything  practically  goes  to  the  mill  without  sort- 
ing. The  system  here  objected  to  is  that  of  doing 
careless  sampling,  and  then  making  a  heavy  deduc- 
tion to  give  the  appearance  of  being  on  the  safe  side. 

Unless  a  vein  is  very  regular  in  value,  the  careless 
averaging  of  assays  by  mere  numbers,  without  refer- 
ence to  the  relative  quantity  of  ore  represented  by 
each  sample,  leads  to  most   misleading  conclusions. 

Proximity  of  a  Rich  Mine. — There  have  been  plenty 
of  illustrations  lately  published  in  prospeotuses  of 
the  great  value  the  public  places  on  a  property 
which  is  near  a  well-known  mine;  yet  every  one  who 
knows  anything  of  mining  must  be  aware  that  mere 
proximity  to  a  paying  mine  gives  no  assurance  of 
similar  success.  The  extraordinary  continuity  of 
the  paying  reefs  at  the  Randt — an  occurrence  not 
applicable  to  quartz  mining  in  any  part  of  the 
world — seems  to  have  caused  a  forgetfulness  of  the 
past  costly  experience  in  reckless  mining  invest- 
ments by  English  companies.  In  Western  Australia, 
although  all  evidence  seems  to  point  to  some  very 
valuable  properties,  it  will  be  a  truly  extraordinary 
thing  if  there  is  not  a  great  deal  of  disappointment 
resulting  from  the  loose  and  unconfirmed  reports 
lately  published  in  some  prospectuses,  and  which  re- 
ports are  illustrations  of  most  of  the  defects  men- 
tioned in  this  paper.  Some  of  these  reports  are 
absolutely  nothing  but  a  statement  that  the  claim 
examined  is  on  the  same  reef  as,  or  near  to,  another 
property  which  is  popularly  supposed  to  be  exceed- 
ingly valuable,  and  that  rich  ore  has  been  found  on 
the  claim.  Not  a  single  attempt  is  made  to  de- 
scribe the  proportion  of  rich  ore  to  poor  rock;  in 
fact,  there  is  no  mention  of  anything  poor,  so  that 
the  inexperienced  are  left  to  suppose  that  the  full 
width  of  vein  is  rich  ore. 

In  quartz  mining  it  sometimes  happens  that  a 
series  of  paying  mines  are  found  at  intervals  along  a 
single  vein.  Occasionally  the  intervals  between  pay 
shoots  are  long,  so  that  a  good  mine  may  be  immedi- 
ately surrounded  by  poor  ones.  In  other  districts 
one  single  good  mine  on  a  vein  is  all  that  is  ever  de- 
veloped. The  only  actual  advantage  of  the  proximity 
of  a  good  mine  is  the  evidence  it  affords  of  there  be- 
ing payable  ore  in  the  district,  or  on  a  certain  reef. 
Like  other  indications,  it  is  of  service  only  when 
used  with  discretion,  but  as  an  unqualified  argument 
of  the  value  of  a  neighboring  claim  it  is  most  dan- 
gerous. 

Failure  from  Mismanagement. — That  bad  manage- 
ment may  spoil  a  good  mine  is  so  self-evident  a 
proposition  that  no  one  will  misunderstand  a  few  re- 
marks against  the  improper  or  thoughtless  use  of 
this  excuse  in  a  report  as  an  explanation  of  previous 
failure  in  a  poor  mine.  A  well-known  Californian 
mining  man,  when  asked  to  take  charge  of  a  mine 
which  had  failed  to  pay — as  it  was  explained — from 
mismanagement,  answered  that  he  did  not  want 
anything  to  do  with  a  mine  which  would  not  stand 
bad  management.  This  is  a  remark  which  contains 
much  matter  for  reflection,  and  embodies  the  opinion 
of  most  practical  men.  In  reports  the  statement  is 
sometimes  loosely  made  that  milling  results  in  the 
past  cannot  be  relied  on,  owing  to  primitive  ma- 
chinery or  processes  hitherto  employed.  This  argu- 
ment has  often  been  advanced  on  Mexican  mines  by 
experts  who  have  not  had  time  to  find  out  that 
native  methods  of  working  often  give  better  results 
than  the  rapid  working  of  the  most  modern  ma- 
chinery. With  free  gold  ore  it  often  happens  that 
very  simple  and  crude  machinery  will  give  quite  fair 
results;  an  arrastra,  for  instance,  will  beat  a  stamp 
mill.  In  calculating  on  such  past  work  by  the 
owners  of  a  property,  it  must  not  be  overlooked 
that,  even  if  they  did  fail  somewhat  in  theoretical 
extraction,  they  probably  selected  better  than  the 
average  grade  of  ore  to  begin  with.  Therefore, 
when  average  assays  indicate  higher  milling  value  in 
a  report  than  past  returns,  it  is  natural  to  look  with 
suspicion  on  the  sampling,  unless  some  good  ex- 
planation, better  than  the  supposed  blundering  of 
former  management,  is  given.  Such  explanation  is, 
of  course,  simple  enough  when  the  process  previously 
used  is  evidently  not  adapted  to  the  ore;  but  it  must 
be  shown,  not  assumed  because  the  machinery 
seemed  to  be  crude. 

The  difference  between  the  method  of  an  experi- 
enced, responsible  engineer  and  that  of  the  inexperi> 


2i 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  12,  1895. 


enced  or  reckless  expert,  is  that  the  former  takes  as 
little  for  granted  as  possible,  and  will  not  prophesy 
unless  he  knows,  while  the  latter  gives  the  reins  to 
his  imagination.  We  all  remember  the  luxuriant 
crop  of  reports  in  the  early  days  of  South  African 
gold  mining,  written  by  authorities  whose  previous 
mining  experience  had  been  confined  to  the  costean- 
ing  of  a  potato  patch,  or  to  exploratory  operations 
on  their  neighbors'  bank  accounts.  Some  of  these 
sanguine  gentlemen,  who  took  every  surface  showing 
gold  as  sure  evidence  of  vast  wealth  below,  scored 
some  brilliant  successes  on  the  Eandt,  although  their 
ounces  became  pennyweights  in  working;  but  when 
they  extended  the  system  to  the  regular  run  of  gold 
veins  in  other  parts  of  the  country  they  met  the  usual 
slap  in  the  face  which  nature  keeps  for  rash  prophets. 
The  careful  man  is  of  necessity  at  times  discredited  in 
the  opinion  of  those  who  misunderstand  bis  responsi- 
bilities, by  reason  of  his  refusal  to  become  excited  by 
a  good  surface  show,  which  his  experience  tells  him  is 
no  safe  guide  as  to  depth;  while  the  reckless  and  in- 
experienced will  freely  call  on  their  imaginations. 
There  are  cases  of  this  description  in  which,  how- 
ever rich  a  mine  may  afterward  prove,  it  is  more 
creditable  to  have  been  cautious  than  to  have  been 
sanguine  in  the  early  stages.  If  it  would  not  be 
held  as  rather  unduly  exaltiug  the  profession,  I 
should  quote  in  this  connection,  "Fools  rush  in  where 
angels  fear  to  tread." 

After  all  these  remarks  as  to  what  mining  reports 
ought  not  to  be,  it  is  perhaps  permissible  to  say  a 
few  words  on  what  they  ought  to  be,  but  with  the 
apology  to  our  inexperienced  members  already  re- 
ferred to  in  introducing  this  paper. 

A  report  need  not  be  long  winded  to  justify  the  fee 
paid  for  it.  but  should  be  so  full  in  actual  description 
as  to  enable  a  reader  inexperienced  in  mining  to  draw 
his  own  conclusion  from  the  facts  given,  without  hav- 
ing to  trust  entirely  to  the  deductions  of  the  writer. 
Where  a  fee  is  paid  for  a  simple  expression  of  opinion 
or  specific  advice,  there  is  no  need  of  a  report,  in  the 
sense  of  the  word  as  we  are  now  considering  it.  The 
important  details  to  be  set  forth  clearly  are  those 
relating  to  position,  and  facility  of  access  to  the 
property;  local  conditions  as  to  fuel  and  water,  and 
timber  supply;  extent  and  form  of  openings;  varia- 
tions in  thickness  of  deposit;  character  and  value, 
and  form  of  occurrence  of  ore.  It  is  important  in 
giving  a  clear  idea  of  the  property  that  the  distribu- 
tion of  the  payable  ore  in  the  deposit  should  be  de- 
scribed. It  makes  a  great  difference  sometimes  in 
the  conclusions  to  be  drawn,  whether  the  value  con- 
sists in  rich  ore  occurring  in  a  barren  vein  mass,  or 
in  high-grade  ore  scattered  through  a  low-grade  de- 


posit, or  in  a  uniform  value  throughout  the  rock.  On 
account  of  the  necessity  for  this  description,  it  is  not 
always  sufficient  to  state  that  an  average  width  of 
vein  contains  an  average  of  so  much  value  per  ton, 
as  this  may  be  in  the  nature  of  a  conclusion,  not  of  a 
fact,  and  so  may  need  to  be  justified  by  detailed 
facts  of  the  report.  The  extent  and  character  of 
dump  piles  at  a  worked  mine  often  afford  valuable 
confirmatory  evidence  as  to  the  character  and  value 
of  the  property.  I  have  seen  reports  in  which  piles 
of  rich  ore  were  stated  to  be  on  hand  at  the  mine  in 
certain  quantity  and  value;  but  on  figuring  out  the 
experts  own  statements  as  to  width  of  pay  ore  and 
extent  of  openings,  it  was  clear  the  hole  in  the 
ground  could  never  hold  the  ore  said  to  have  come 
out  of  it.  The  configuration  of  stopes  in  a  worked 
mine  often  gives  very  suggestive  ideas  as  to  the  run 
of  pay  ore,  and  as  to  tie  probable  character  of 
ground  still  standing. 

Geology  and  mineralogy  should  naturally  be  used 
with  discretion,  but  only  for  purposes  actually  bear- 
ing on  the  description  and  conclusions  to  be  drawn, 
not  for  mere  padding,  nor  for  the  airing  of  theories 
better  treated  in  a  purely  scientific  paper.  I  have 
seen  a  report  which  started  with  the  nebular 
hypothesis,  and  traced  the  progress  of  the  earth 
from  its  pulpy  state  right  down  through  its  various 
stages  to  oxidation  of  the  outcrop  of  a  particular 
vein  in  the  year  of  grace  in  which  the  report  was 
written.  These  details  were  so  full  that  there  was 
no  room  left  for  anything  but  a  brief  treatment  of  the 
merely  commercial  question  of  the  value  of  the  mine. 

Examinations  naturally  differ  greatly  in  the  nature 
of  the  calls  they  make  on  the  expert.  In  a  district 
with  which  he  is  well  acquainted  there  are  often 
certain  simple  facts  which  enable  him  rapidly  and 
safely  to  arrive  at  his  conclusions;  in  other  cases  it  is 
often  a  matter  of  hard  and  conscientious  work,  how- 
ever clever  or  experienced  the  engineer  may  be,  and 
any  scamping  of   this  work  will  imply  un  reliableness. 

Finally,  an  experienced  man  in  making  a  report 
will  have  an  open  mind  for  possible  new  forms  of  ore 
occurrence,  while  refraiuing  from  prophesy  about 
things  not  in  sight.  Events  may  work  against  the 
most  careful  and  experienced  man  by  unforeseen  in- 
creases or  decreases  in  value  on  opening  new  ground; 
but  as  mine  examination  is  an  art  and  not  an  exact 
science,  it  is  by  average  results  that  an  engineer 
must  be  judged.  A  mining  engineer  has  only  ordi- 
nary eyes,  and  so.  as  Sam  Weller  says,  his  "  wision 
is  limited  ";  if  he  had  "a  pair  o'  patent  double-million 
magnifying  gas  microscopes  of  hextra  power"  he 
might  look  into  the  earth  a  little  farther. 
(Tn  he  continued.) 


fir.  Badlam  Objects. 

Quite  a  flurry  has  been  caused  among  the  directors 
of  the  Bullion-Beck  &  Champion  Mining  Company 
during  the  past  few  days  by  the  presence  in  the  city 
of  Alexander  Badlam  of  San  Francisco,  who  repre- 
sents a  minority  of  the  stockholders  of  the  company. 

Mr.  Badlam  arrived  in  the  city  last  Monday  in  re 
sponse  to  a  telegram,  and  reached  a  meeting  of  the 
board  of  directors  in  time  to  hear  a  resolution  read 
which  proposed  the  purchase  of  the  Caroline  mine 
from  John  Beck  by  the  Bullion-Beck  Company  for 
the  sum  of  $175,000.  After  listening  to  the  reading 
of  the  resolution,  Mr.  Badlam  spoke  right  out  in 
meeting  and  vigorously  opposed  its  adoption  on  the 
ground  that  the  ore  in  the  Caroline  was  already  the 
property  of  the  Bullion-Beck  Company,  and  no  ac- 
tion was  taken  upon  the  resolution. 

On  January  2d  Mr.  Badlam  addressed  the  following 
communication  to  each  of  the  directors  of  the  com- 
pany: 

Dear  Sir  :  You  are  one  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the 
Bullion-Beck  &  Champion  Mining  Company,  and  the  subject 
of  buying:  the  Caroline  mine  from  John  Beck  is  now  before  the 
board.  I  am  a  stockholder  in  the  company,  holding  a  consider- 
able block  of  shares,  and  I  represent  other  large  stockholdei's. 
I  warn  you  against  concurring  in  the  purchase.  The  company 
owns  now  all  the  ore  under  the  surface  of  the  Caroline  mining 
claim,  and  the  Caroline  is  not  worth  a  cent.  If  the  company 
purchases  the  Caroline  with  your  vote,  myself  and  associates 
will  look  to  you  personally,  and  hold  you  responsible  for  the 
loss  and  damage  to  the  stockholders  of  the  Bullion-Beck  & 
Champion  Mining  Company.  Alexander  Badlam. 

Yesterday  Mr.  Badlam  and  Mr.  Beck  held  a  con- 
sultation, and  finally  agreed  to  submit  their  differ- 
ences to  a  board  of  three  arbitrators;  but  after  Mr. 
Badlam  had  named  W.  H.  Dickson  as  his  representa- 
tive, Mr.  Beck  refused  to  arbitrate,  and  the  gentle- 
men parted. 

Mr.  Badlam  returned  to  San  Francisco  last  night. 
— Salt  Lake  Tribune,  January  3d. 

Coal  Importations. 

The  following  tables  show  the  sources  of  Cali- 
fornia's coal  importations  for  the  past  four  years: 

1891,  1882,  1893,  1894, 

Tons.  Tons.  Tons.  Tons. 

British  Columbia 652,657  554,600  588,527  647,110 

Australia 321,107  314,280  202,017  211,733 

English  and  Welsh 168,586  310,660  151,269  157,562 

Scotch 31,840  24,900  18,809  18,636 

Eastern  (Cumberland  and  An- 
thracite)   42,210  35,720  18,960  16,640 

Seattle    ("Franklin    and    Green 

River) 178,230  164,930  167,550  153,199 

Carbon  Hill  and  South  Prairie  196,750  218,390  261,435  241,974 

Mount  Diablo  and  Coos  Bay. ...  90.684  66,150  63,460  65,263 

Japan, etc 20,679  4,220  7,758  15,637 

Totals     ■ 1,702,833     1,593,850     1,479,785     1,527,754 


LJnioin    Iron  Works, 


CORNER    FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-/VV.PVlNUF'aCTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed   Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  mills, 

Manty  Chili  mills.  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  Water  Wheel, 

PUfflPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead   Eurnaces,        /A.11  Classes  of  /VYarine  U/ork. 

^z^-SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^sss^ 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     145   BROADWAY, 


CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION. 


NOTICE   TO   GOLD   MINERS ! 

Silver -Plated.  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■—   /\T   REDUCED    PRICES,  t— ■ 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated,  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

^ — mtrrfff77//^>~  incorporated.  "^Wi^vrmii    ""'' 

«s-  send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,ASt 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ** 
Mining  riaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH, 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


THE  ©  PELTON  ©WATER II WHEEL! 

EMBRACING  IN  ITS  VARIATIONS  OF  CONSTRUCTION  AND  APPLICATION 

-—"•>- —■ — THE       F»ELXON       SYSTEM       OF       POIA/ER..^— '■> — -^ 

The  uiOBt  mniiJie  and  efficient  water  power  appliance  for  mining,  electric  or  other  service.     Full  and  reliable  information  given  regarding  any  proposed  application  upon  receipt  of  the  necessary  data 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co.,  1:21  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

>  THE  GATES  ORE  AND  ROCK  CRUSHER! 

SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS  FOR  EITHER  MINING  OR  ROAD  WORK.       SEND  FOR  CIRCULAR. 

THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO.  .  .  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  .  .  General  Western  Agents. 


January  12,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


25 


Scientific  Progress. 

Soldering  of  Aluminum    and    the 
Production  of   the  Metal. 


the  Alps,  with  an  annual  output  of  600 
tons. 

Detecting  Dynamiters. 


It  lias  been  said  thai   the  great  ob 
jection  to  the  widespn  alumi- 

num as  a  substitute  for  other  metals 
now  in  daily  use  is  that  it  cannot  be 
effectually  soldered.  True,  so  far. 
there  has  been  some  difficulty  in  finding 

a  suitable  solder;   but.  as  was   to  lie  rx- 

i,  when  the  metal  came  more  and 

into    us.-    and  ti°l  better  known, 

as  it  has  done  during   the   last    two  or 

three   years,  many  inventors    have    de- 

and    attention    to   the 

solution  of   this  problem.      Ten    patents 

ildering  have  been  granted.  Two  or 
three  of  these  processes  have  passed 
the  experimental  stage  and  are  now 
being  a 

One  of  the  difficulties  found  in  solder- 
ing 'he  ii  n  ■  i  ill  has  been  that  the  quality 
of  the  solder  used  could  only  be  ascer- 
tained after  a  certain  period  had 
elapsed,  so  that,  while  some  of  the 
solders  seemed  to  have  answered  very 
well  at  the  time  of  application,  after  a 
few  weeks'  or  a  few  months'  time  the 
pieces  which  had  been  joined  could  eas- 
ily be  broken  again. 

"Aluminum  is  easily  oxidized,  and  as 
soon  as  it  is  exposed  to  the  air,  however 
brightly  polished  it  may  be,  it  instantly 
becomes  covered  with  a  thin  film  of 
oxide  of  aluminum.  This  peculiarity  is 
a  decided  drawback  in  soldering,  al- 
though in  other  uses  it  constitutes  one 
of  its  best  qualities,  the  thin  film  pre- 
venting the  metal  from  becoming  fur- 
ther oxidized,  and  thus  keeping  it  from 
turning  black  as  with  silver,  copper 
and  other  similar  metals. 

The  secret  is  to  see  that  the  pieces 
of  aluminum  to  be  soldered  are  entirely 
free  from  any  oxide,  otherwise  it  is  said 
to  be  utterly  impossible  to  join  them 
strongly  together;  in  fact,  one  might 
as  well,  it  is  explained,  try  to  join  two 
pieces  of  rusty  iron  together. 

The  process  for  soldering  aluminum, 
recently  invented  by  M.  Ludwig  Oliven, 
seems  to  have  overcome  this  difficulty, 
and  exhibits  recently  shown  have  stood 
requisite  tests.  The  invention  consists 
not  only  of  the  new  solder,  which  is  an 
alloy  of  several  metals,  but  also  of  the 
combination  of  this  solder  with  a  suita- 
ble patent  furnace  for  keeping  the 
metal  at  the  right  temperature  at 
which  the  operation  should  take  place, 
and  also  with  the  arrangement  of 
brushes  and  other  tools,  with  which 
the  surfaces  may  be  scraped  and 
cleaned  so  as  to  get  the  solder  well 
into  the  metal.  Small  pieces  can  be 
soldered  by  means  of  the  blowpipe,  but 
when  large  pieces  of  the  metal  have  to  be 
treated,  and  especially  when  the  solder 
has  to  be  of  an  exceedingly  good  qual- 
ity, it  is  most  advantageous  to  make 
use  of  the  special  furnace  invented  for 
this  purpose.  The  entire  process  is 
simple.  Any  workman  by  this  process 
will  be  able  to  solder  any  pieces  of 
aluminum  just  as  simply  as  he  can  any 
other  metal.  Pieces  joined  together 
by  this  process  have  been  submitted  to 
crucial  tests  and  have  proved  more 
difficult  to  tear  apart  than  brass  united 
with  tin  solder. 

The  fact  of  being  able  to  solder 
aluminum  by  a  simple  and  cheap  proc- 
ess should  enormously  extend  the  uses 
to  which  the  metal  may  be  applied. 

The  annual  output  of  aluminum  has 
increased  from  50  tons  in  1890  to  about 
2500  tons  in  the  last  year.  The  price 
of  the  metal  has,  at  the  same  time, 
diminished  from  $15  per  pound  in  1889 
to  about  40  cents  per  pound  at  the 
present  time.  As  aluminum  weighs, 
bulk  per  bulk,  only  one-third  of 
the  other  metals  now  in  use,  the 
least  mentioned  price  corresponds  fa- 
vorably by  comparison. 

All  the  aluminum  sold  in  the  market 
is  manufactured  by  electricity.  The 
largest  factory  in  the  world  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  aluminum  is  one  at 
the  Falls  of  the  Rhine,  at  Neuhausen, 
Switzerland,  which  is  capable  of  pro- 
ducing 1000  tons  per  annum.  The  sec- 
ond largest  factory  is  in  the  south  of 
France,  which  uses  water  power  from 


Chemistry  is  offering  a  means  to 
oblige  would-be  dynamiters  to  betray 
themselves  should  they  try  to  carry 
about  hand  grenades  and  cartridges. 
It  I-  to  mix  dynamite  with  certain  salts 
that  give  out  a  stench,  and  plunge 
cartridges  into  a  solution  of  these 
als.  This  foetid  smell  thus 
caused  is  nut  to  be  got  rid  of,  and  is 
communicable.  A  person  carrying 
this  infernal  machine,  or  who  had  car- 
ried or  handled  one,  unless  with  leather 
gloves  which  had  been  taken  off  with 
great  care,  would  be  at  once  detected 
by  the  odor. 

Ix  a  communication  to  the  mining 
society  of  Nova  Scotia,  C.  E.  Willis 
says  the  metamorphic  rocks  and  ser- 
pentines of  Quebec  dip  under  the  Gulf 
of  St.  Lawrence  to  re-appear  on  the 
western  coast  to  Newfoundland,  and 
extend  probably  across  the  island.  The 
district,  situated  at  and  near  the  east- 
ern coast  of  Port-au-Port  Bay,  near 
the  southern  boundary  of  the  serpen- 
tine rock,  is  seamed  in  many  places 
with  asbestos,  and  contains  veins  of 
copper  and  specular  iron.  Only  sur- 
face work  has  been  done  so  far,  but 
the  asbestos  fiber  is  of  good  quality, 
up  to  2i  inches  long,  and  practically 
identical  with  the  Canadian  product. 


A  scheme  has  been  proposed  to  re- 
duce the  friction  of  salt  water  against 
the  sides  of  a  steamer,  which,  it  is 
claimed,  will  increase  the  speed  forty 
per  cent.  It  is  to  force  air  through 
the  vessel's  plates  and  thereby  form  a 
narrow  space  between  the  iron  and 
water. 


Horseshoes  of  Cast  Steel. 


five  per  cent — of  them  are  made  of 
iron,  and  not  of  steel;  but  veterans  in 
the  trade  scoff  at  the  idea  of  casting 
the  metal,  whether  it  be  one  or  the 
other,  for  the  reason  already  given. 

Commercial    Products  Obtained 
from   Sharks. 

Sharks,  says  a  writer  in  the  Remie 
Scientifique,  furnish  quite  a  number  of 
valuable  products.  Thus,  the  liver  of 
the  shark  contains  an  oil  of  a  beautiful 
color,  that  never  becomes  turbid,  and 
that  possesses  medicinal  qualities  equal 
to  those  of  cod  liver  oil.  The  skin, 
after  being  dried  takes  the  polish  and 
hardness  of  mother  of  pearl.  It  is 
marbled,  and  bears  a  resemblance  to 
fossil  coral.  It  is  used  by  jewelers  for 
the  manufacture  of  fancy  objects,  by 
binders  for  making  shagreen,  and  by 
cabinet  makers  for  polishing  wood.  The 
fins  are  highly  prized  by  the  Chinese, 
who  pickle  them  and  serve  them  at  the 
end  of  a  dinner  as  a  most  delicate  hors 
d'a  uvre.  A  ton  of  fins  usually  brings 
(at  Sydney)  $140.  The  Europeans,  who 
do  not  yet  appreciate  the  fins  of  the 
shark  as  a  food  product,  are  content  to 
convert  them  into  fish  glue,  which  com- 
petes with  the  sturgeon  glue  prepared 
in  Russia.  This  glue  is  employed  for 
clarifying  beer,  wine,  and  otherliquors. 
It  is  used  also  for  the  preparation  of 
English  taffetas,  as  a  re-agent  in 
chemistry,  etc.  The  -teeth  of  the 
shark  are  used  by  the  inhabitants  of 
the  Ellis  islands  for  the  manufacture  of 
weapons  of  war.  As  for  the  flesh  of 
the  shark,  that,  despite  its  oily  taste, 
is  eaten  in  certain  countries.  It  is 
employed  also,  along  with  the  bones,  in 
the  preparation  of  a  fertilizer.  The 
Icelanders,  who  do  a  large  business  in 
shark's  oil,  send  out  annually  a  fleet  of 
of  a  hundred  vessels  for  the  capture  of 
the  fish. 


Every  now  and  then  one  hears  of  an 
attempt  to  make  a.horseshoe  by  casting 
instead  of  forging  it.  A  Chicago  firm 
produced  a  lot  of  such  shoes  a  year  or 
two  ago,  and  the  experiment  has  been 
tried  by  others.  A  few  weeks  ago,  in 
Glasgow,  there  was  a  public  exhibition 
of  a  new  attempt  in  this  direction.  A 
mould  of  steel  was  used,  and  this  was 
provided  with  such  mechanism  that 
immediately  after  the  shoe  is  cast  the 
matrix  may  be  opened,  whereupon  one 
lever  causes  two  cutters  to  remove  the 
surplus  metal,  and  another  operates 
punches  which  make  the  holes.  The 
steel  used  was  a  Bessemer,  made  by 
the  Walrand-Legenisel  process,  where- 
by great  heat  and  fluidity  is  secured  by 
putting  a  little  ferro-silicon  into  the 
converter  just  as  the  blow  is  finished. 
It  does  not  appear  from  the  story  at 
hand  whether  or  not  toe  and  heel  calks 
are  formed  on  the  castings,  but  one  is 
left  to  infer  that  the  blanks  are  in  sub- 
stantially the  same  unfinished  condition 
as  the  forged  shoes  now  so  extensively 
used  in  this  country.  The  latter  re- 
quire not  only  the  addition  of  the 
"clip"  and  calks,  but  also  more  or  less 
shaping  at  the  hands  of  the  shoer,  to 
fit  the  horse;  and  it  is  difficult  to  see 
how  such  work  can  be  done  on  a  casting, 
owing  to  its  brittleness. 

It  is  now  something  like  forty  or  fifty 
years  since  machine-made  shoes  were 
introduced  in  the  United  States.  These 
met  with  opposition  from  blacksmiths 
at  first,  but  they  have  grown  in  popu- 
larity until  now  the  great  majority  of 
working-horses  out  in  Eastern  rural 
districts  are  thus  shod.  In  cities,  too, 
they  are  in  constantly  increasing  use. 
Street-car  companies  which  still  rely 
on  horse  power,  use  machine-made 
shoes.  In  many  cases  a  better  quality 
of  iron  is  employed  in  manufacturing 
these  shoes  than  is  sold  to  the  black- 
smith for  the  hand-made  article.  Many 
owners  of  private  carriages  imagine 
that  the  latter  style  of  shoe  is  prefer- 
able; but  within  five  years  a  light  ma- 
chine-made shoe  of  Bessemer  steel  has 
come  into  the  market,  which  seems  to 
be  well  adapted  for  this  class  of  custom. 
There  is  nothing  like  it  inEurope.  The 
machine-made  shoes  in  general  have 
not  been  appreciated  so  fully  and 
promptly  there  as  on  this  side.  Of 
Bourse,  the  great  majority—say  ninety- 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

J\ssa.y    Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 


Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD    SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 

John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/Vlino  and  7VYI11    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 

Ay--^     We  would  call  the  attention       -■     ■     ~ 
^ir     of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-  C$j^C£t!5. 
ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  v 
panies,  Prospectors,  etc.,  to 
our   full    stock   of   Balances, 
Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles, Scorifiers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


W.    H.    Birch    &    CO.   (Incorporated) 

Manufacturers  of 
Passenger  and  Freight  Elevators, 
Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Improved  Corliss  Engines, 
Mining  Machinery, 

Cable  Railway  Machinery. 
119  BEALE  STREET,   SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Kose's  Complete  I  radical  M 


achinist, 


19th  EDITION  GREATLY  ENLARGED. 


JUST     REftDY. 

'i"1"     Complete  Practical  Machlnlai ;    Bui 
Lathe  Work,  VIbo  Work,  iirins  and  Drilling    Taos 
and  Dies,  Hardening  ami  Tempering,  The 

-.  Tool  Grinding,  Marking  duI  Work 

■   Toole,  etc.    By  Joshua  Row?.  M    B.,  author 

i»f  -'Mechanical    Drawing  s.-ir  Taught."  "Modern 

Steam    Engines,"    "Steam    Bi.ii.ts."   "The    Slide 

valve,  "    ■■  i'.-iu  Assistant.  "     LUus- 

885  engravings.    ISth  edition,  gre  i 
larged,  with  now  ami   valuable  matter,    L2mo    50* 
pages.    Price,  82.50.     By  mail,  free  of  postnge, 
to  anj  address  in  the  world. 

Abstd  i ■  Contexts.    Chanter  I.  rut  ting-Tools 

for  Laihea  and  Piaulng  Machines.  U.  Cutting  Speed 
and  Peed.  III.  Boring  Toole  >r  Lathe  Work.  IV. 
Screw  Cutting  t.m.ih.  v.  Lathe  i>..L-,  carriers  or 
Drivers,  vi.  Turning  Eccentrics,  vn.  Hand  Turn- 
ing. \  JIT.  Drilling  In  the  Lathe,  ix.  Boring  Bars 
X.  Slotting  Machine  Toole,    XL  Twlsi   Drills,    xu 

Tool  s t.    mil  Taps  an. i  Dies,    mv    Vise  Work: 

Tools  XV,  Fitting  Cutting  Bods.  XVI.  MlUIni 
Machines  and  Minim;  Tools,    xvii.  Grindstone  and 

Tool  Grinding.    XVLtl.  Lining  ur  Marklni:  out  Worh 

xix.  Machine  Tools,  xx.  T..  Calculate  the  Speed 
of  Wheels.  Pulleys,  Etc.  xxi.  Bow  to  Sei  a  sildi 
Valve,    -xxii.  Pumps,    index. 


BT"  A  circular  of  4  pages.wlth  spfcfmnu  "'  the  <"<•■- 
Irationa,  showing  the  full  Tableof  obntc-nts,  will  he  sent 

fret  '<•  -in  n  <•«,■  (iirim-lmi,)  in-,  addtt  98. 

V3f~  Our  .\v»'  a,  1,1  Enlarged  Catalogue  ••'  Practical  ami 
SdenMfle  Books,  91  pages,  $vo.,anti  pur  other  Catalogue*, 
the  whole  covering  every  hranch  oj  8oUnee  upidied  In  the 
Art*,»ent  freeand  fret  nf  pontage  to  any  one  in  nnu  tmrl 
of  the  world  who  will  furntofi  us  <riti,  hut  address, 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

LVDnKTKIAL  PUBLISH  lilts.  Id  iuksi  I  I  Mis  A  IMPORT  BUS 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  t  .  S.  A. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 


LIMITED. 
trade:  mark. 


A  thoroughly  competent  Amalgamator  wants  a 
position  where  mine  and  mill  assaying  is  required, 
References  given,    Address  Box  P,  tms  office, 


'V  APTH'.JR    fORREST  PROCCIf) 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  -  £110,000  STERLING, 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MACARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  Stales:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  S  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  New  York. 

CYANIDE 

-OF— 

POTASSIUM, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  Other  Chemicals. 


Trade  Mark, 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


Pioneer  Screen  Works! 

JOHN  W.  Q  VICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc.  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

*** MHJDTG  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

231  and  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ SCREENS 

A  specialty.  Round,  Blot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  \ 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 

T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terras  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Fork  City,  Utah. 


26 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  12,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following  Is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 


Prctis:  About  forty- five  years  ago  a  Mexican 
discovered  a  gold-bearing  ledge  near  Ukiah, 
from  which  in  a  short  time  he  succeeded  in 
extracting  a  fortune,  variously  estimated  at 
from  &40,000  to  $S0,000.  The  rock  was  of  such 
a  character  that  even  by  the  primitive 
methods  then  in  use  the  gold  was  extracted 
in  a  comparatively  brief  period.  Some  weeks 
ago  C.  H.  Stout,  while  prospecting  the  low 
ranges  east  of  town,  discovered  evidences  of 
former  mining.  At  or  near  the  stopes  worked 
by  these  prehistoric  searchers  for  the  yellow 
metal  he  found  rock  that  gives  evidence  of 
richness.  He  has  located  000  feet  of  mineral 
land  in  the  vicinity  of  his  discovery  and  is 
sanguine  over  his  prospects.  Mr.  Mat  Mas, 
the  expert  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau, 
stated  on  a  recent  visit  to  this  county  that, 
aceordiug  to  his  opinion,  there  were  excellent 
prospects  in  Mendocino  for  the  discovery  of 
rich  ore  belts,  and  said  that  as  yet  the  county 
had  not  been  prospected.  This  is  doubtless 
true.  Expert  miners  have  rarely  visited  this 
county,  and  it  is  yet  comparatively  a  virgin 
field  for  the  expert  prospector. 
Nevada. 

West  Hakmoxy  Mine.— The  West  Harmony 
drift  mine  near  Nevada  City  has  again  start- 
ed. Work  was  discontinued  some  time  since 
on  account  of  water.  About  forty  men  will 
be  employed  at  the  mine  from  this  time  for- 
ward. 

Placer. 

Hidden  TitBAS'UBB. —  Sentinel:  The  Hidden 
Treasure  Company  at  Sunny  South,  operate 
their  drift  mine  on  the  most  extensive  scale 
of  any  gravel  property  in  the  United  States. 
The  company  has  just  closed  one  of  the  most 
successful  and  profitable  year's  work  in  the 
history  of  this  famous  gold  mine.  During  the 
past  twelve  months  they  have  breasted  and 
worked  an  area  of  2t>0,000  square  feet  of  chan- 
nel, which  has  produced  110,000  car  loads  of 
pay  gravel. 

Last  fall  a  new  trail  was  built  from  the  old 
works  at  Sunny  South  to  the  mouth  of  their 
newly  acquired  Dam  tunnel,  a  distance  of 
about  two  miles.  A  force  of  five  meu  are  at 
present  engaged  extending  the  tuuuel. 

During  the  past  year  the  average  number  of 
men  employed  has  been  ISO.  The  amount  of 
money  disbursed  by  the  company  for  labor  and 
material  has  been  a  trifle  over  ¥101,000. 

The  tailings  in  Blacksmith  Canyon,  which 
came  from  the  sluices  of  the  Hidden  Treasure 
mine  at  Sunny  South,  will  probably  he  sold 
some  time  during  the  coming  month.  They 
have  not  been  worked  for  about  three  years. 
The  Chinese  usually  purchase  them.  They 
sell  for  many  thousand  dollars. 

After  being  worked,  the  tailings  pass  into 
El  Dorado  Canyon,  where  they  are  worked  over 
and  over  by  the  Chiuese  who  have  claims 
located  in  the  canyons. 

Ophir.— Herald:  At  the  Gold  Blossom 
mine  the  miners  were  laid  off  December  34th, 
on  account  of  the  water  being  too  high  at  the 
lower  level.  Work  was  resumed,  but  most 
of  the  men  had  to  quit  again  forty-eight 
hours  after,  because  of  the  breakage  of  a 
valve  on  the  steam  pump.  The  milling 
process  at  this  mine  will  soon  be  complete, 
and  everything  in  running  order.  Sinking 
has  been  resumed  in  the  west  drift  at  the 
200-foot  level.  A  large  quantity  of  ore  has 
been  taken  out,  and  it  promises  to  be  good. 
At  present  there  are  about  twenty-four 
miners,  or,  including  outside  laborers,  thirty- 
five  men  in  all,  employed  at  this  mine. 

At  Gold  Blossom  No.  2  the  stamp  mill  is 
running  and  a  force  of  men  are  at  work  in 
the  mine. 

The  Boulder  mine  is  making  preparations 
for  a  new  start.  Mr.  Brown  is  putting  in 
some  concentrators,  and  when  these  are 
finished  operations  will  commence  in  the 
mine. 

San  Bernardino. 

San  Bernardino  Sun :  The  new  year  is 
likely  to  be  marked  with  renewed  energy  in 
mining  in  San  Bernardino  mountains.  The 
persons  who  own  stock  in  the  Rose  mine  are 
to  be  congratulated  on  a  Christmas  present  of 
a  substantial  nature.  A  rich  strike  at  the 
depth  of  425  feet  has  just  been  made,  probably 
the  richest  strike  yet  made,  and  certainly  the 
most  important  one.  The  ore  has  been  struck 
in  a  good  solid  formation,  which  means  per- 
manency. The  Rose  can  now  be  called  a  mine, 
not  a  prospect.  The  striking  of  this  ore  at 
this  depth  is  of  the  greatest  importance  to  the 
mining  industry  of  this  county,  and  especially 
to  the  San  Bernardino  range.  There  has 
been  a  prevailing  opinion  that  paying  ore 
bodies  did  not  continue  to  any  great  tdepth  in 
this  county.  This  will  prove  to  the  doubting 
Thomases  that  the  greater  the  depth  the 
richer  the  ore  becomes. 


Sale  of  the  Tellurium.— The  Tellurium 
gold  and  silver  mine,  three  miles  from  Redding 
is  reported  sold  to  a  San  Francisco  and  East- 
ern syndicate  for  $300,000.  The  property  was 
discovered  by  Peter  Soberer  some  years  ago, 
and  he  labored  and  struggled,  spent  every 
dollar  he  ever  possessed  and  borrowed  more 
to  open  and  strike  the  main  ledge.  Finally 
he  formed  a  joint  stock  company,  issuing 
shares  of  the  stock,  which  he  placed  on  the 
market  in  this  city  and  elsewhere. 
Tuolumne. 

Independent:  J.  H.  Beal  with  D.  R.  Oliver, 
has  located  a  quartz  mine  at  Hog  Mountain, 
six  miles  southeast  of  Spoora,  the  Tuolumne 
river  cutting  through  it,  The  lode  has  been 
located  on   both  sides,    The  rroppings  show 


ore  that  will  yield  from  S6  to  S8  per  ton ;  plenty 
of  water  and  timber  at  hand ;  will  drive  a 
tunnel  right  from  the  river  bed.  Mr.  Beal 
has  prospected,  he  says,  over  8000  miles,  and 
from  Alaska  to  Peru  also  in  Australia  and 
Africa.  He  says  that  Tuolumne  offers  a 
better  field  for '  developing  rich  mines  than 
any  section  he  has  ever  visited.  He  says  the 
hidden  wealth  of  this  county  has  never  been 
dreamed  of.  Depth  will  prove  this.  He  says : 
sink  the  Rawhide  to  1800  feet,  it  will  prove 
the  richest  mine  in  the  world. 
ARIZONA. 

Ox  THE  HassAYAMPA. — Journal- Miner:  J. 
A.  Conlee  has  taken  a  twelve  month's  bond 
on  the  King  Solomon  group  of  mines,  on  the 
Hassayampa,  eight  in  number,  and  two  mill 
sites  and  a  mill  for  $50,000.  The  mines  are 
owned  by  Judge  Abner  Wade  and  others  and 
as  far  as  opened  up  look  in  fine  condition. 
Mr.  Conlee  will  put  a  force  of  men  at  work  on 
the  mine  about  February  1,  and  will  push 
development  work  on  the  mine  as  well  as  the 
mill. 

Needles  Hye:  An  old  prospector  who  has 
been  examining  the  Wickenburg  district  says  ; 
''This  is  the  hardest  country  I  ever  saw*  to 
prospect  and  no  matter  how  good  the  man, 
he  cannot  go  beyond  the  limits  of  his  canteen. 
Water  is  scarce  and  in  the  mountains  or  on 
the  desert  men  drink  like  fish.  It  is  impossi- 
ble to  carry  a  supply  sufficient  to  last  any  con- 
siderable length  of  time,  and  no  matter  how 
near  the  sturdy  miner  may  be  to  the  vein  of 
glittering  riches,  when  the  canteen  begins  to 
fail  he  has  played  the  limit.  There  are  in- 
dications of  gold  everywhere,  and  Central 
Arizona  will  some  day  show  many  fine  gold 
mines.  The  country  has  many  surface  symp- 
toms, and  the  mineral  in  places  is  rather 
pockety." 

IDAHO. 

To  Work  Idaho  Placers,— The  Blue  Lakes 
Mining  Company,  consisting  of  Messrs.  J.  C. 
Conklin,  president;  J.  E.  Oglesby,  viee-presi- 
deut;  L.  B.  Gorham,  secretary:  F,  A.  Virtue, 
treasurer;  and  C.  J.  Pence  and  .1.  B.  Perine, 
of  Salt  Lake,  will  operate  in  Idaho,  about 
twenty-five  miles  from  Shoshone,  to  work  400 
acres  of  placer  mining  ground.  'I  lie  company 
is  capitalized  at  $125,000,  with  thai  number  of 
shares.  It  bought  the  placer  property  in 
October  last,  and  was  engaged  up  to  Decem- 
ber 15th  in  erecting  hydraulic  and  milling 
machinery.  Since  December  15th  it  has  been 
experimenting  with  the  plant,  and  is  now 
prepared  to  announce  that  success  has  been 
met  and  that  future  prosperity  is  assured. 

An  entirely  new  milling  process  is  involved 
in  the  mine.  It  is  known  as  the  Bard  amal- 
gamating machine.  Full  particulars  of  its 
method  are  not  available  at  this  writing,  but 
it  can  be  said  that  it  employs  a  riffled  copper 
plate,  and  uses  quicksilver.  The  company  has 
five  of  the  machines  in  use,  and  has  beeu  able, 
with  them,  to  save  95  per  cent  of  the  gold, 
while  handling  from  700  to  1,000  yards  per  day 
of  dirt, 

The  hydraulic  equipment  of  the  mine  in- 
cludes about  two  miles  of  flume  aud  ditch, 
with  1,000  feet  of  eight-inch  pipe  line.  The 
pressure  is  100  feet.  Water  is  drawn  from 
springs  which  have  a  flow  of  3,000  inches. 

Objection  is  taken  by  the  company  to  stat- 
ing the  showing  of  the  placers,  on  the  ground 
that  it  is  too  high  for  general  credence,  though 
only  so  high  as  to  cause  the  company  to  resolve 
to  keep  the  mine  in  operation  all  winter. 

The  Lease  System.— Boise  Statesman:  Ma- 
jor William  Hyndman,  manager  of  the  Phil- 
adelphia MiuingCompany's  mines  and  smelter 
at  Ketehurn,  says  the  lease  system  under 
which  all  of  the  company's  mines  are  being 
worked  is  proving  more  advantageous  to  the 
company  than  when  the  mines  were  worked 
by  the  company,  and  the  lessees  are  making 
money.  Up  to  the  time  Major  Hyndman  took 
charge  of  the  Philadelphia  company's  inter- 
ests at  Ketehurn,  the  company  had  expended 
fully  §1,500,000  without  realizing  a  dollar  of 
cash  profit.  This  was  due  to  extensive 
investments.  Major  Hyndman  saw  that  the 
continuation  of  that  state  of  affairs  would  be 
suicidal  aud  he  determined  to  lease  a  number 
of  the  properties  to  the  miners.  The  results 
have  been  very  gratifying, 

The  lessees  are  now  operating  seven  of  the 
company's  mines.  They  pay  a  stipulated 
royalty  and,  even  at  the  present  depressed 
price  of  silver  and  lead  make  fair  wages, 
while  Major  Hyndman  makes  regular  remit- 
tances to  the  company,  representing  a  snug 
little  sum  each  year  in  excess  of  Mayor  Hynd- 
man's  salary  and  other  expenses.  '  Only  the 
richest  ore  is  shipped.  Major  Hyndman  says 
he  shipped  300  tons  of  concentrates  for  the 
lessees  this  year. 

Mix'ing  Legislation. —The  Busy  Bee  of 
Albion,  Idaho,  reports  a  meeting  of  miners  at 
that  place  at  which  a  committee  was  appointed 
to  prepare  resolutions  on  the  subject  of  min- 
ing legislation.  The  Bee  says:  "The  princi- 
pal feature  of  the  discussion  at  the  meeting 
was  the  easy,  go-as-you-please  law  of  location. 
Under  the  present  and  existing  laws  a  man, 
or  a  number  of  men,  can  stake  off  and  locate 
the  whole  country,  no  speculations,  and  can 
hold  it  a  year  and  the  fractional  year  in  which 
the  location  is  made,  without  doing  a  tap  of 
work,  and  we  are  sure  without  producing  or 
developing  any  appreciable  advantage  or  good 
result  to  the  country,  but  on  the  other  hand 
with  the  marked  and  perceptible  disadvantage 
of  retarding  any  measure  looking  to  a  speedy 
development  of  our  mineral  area.  The  pres- 
ent laws  only  protect  the  speculator,  with 
the  result  of  keeping  out  persons  who  might 
otherwise  come  in  and  do  something.  In  this 
direction  the  Colorado  law  is  looked  upon  with 
much  favor,  and  it  is  highly  probable  the  reso- 
lutions committee  will  recommend  some  such 
law  for  our  State.  There,  before  a  locator  can 
even  record  a  claim,  he  must  sink  a  shaft  on 
the  ledge  ten  feet  deep,  representing  an  hun- 
dred dollars  worth  of  work,  and  had  we  the 
same  law  here  it  would  certainly  work  to  a 
great  advantage  to  the  country. ' 
Tni.;  'Frisco   M'^E.-At    the   'Frisco  mine' 


where  the  mill  was  blown  up  during  the 
strike  of  two  years  ago,  the  wrecked  mill 
has  been  replaced  by  a  large  structure  and 
capacity  increased  from  150  tons  per  day  to 
400.  The  mine  employs  altogether  about  145 
men,  and  is  still  worked  by  tunnels.  The 
upper  two  have  been  stripped  of  ore  and  the 
present  work  is  on  tunnel  No.  3  which  is  300 
feet  below  No.  1.  The  outcropping  of  the 
mine  when  first  discovered  were  small.  In 
tunnel  No.  1  the  vein  showed  three  feet  of 
good  ore ;  tunnel  No.2  increased  the  vein  to 
about  six  feet,  and  now  in  tunnel  No.3  it 
shows  an  average  width  of  about  sixteen  feet, 
though  in  some  cases  it  widens  out  to  forty 
feet.  The  present  tunnel  was  run  in  1,002 
feet  before  the  vein  was  found.  Along  this 
they  have  drifted  800  feet.  The  mine  is  operat- 
ed by  water  power  entirely,  having  developed 
150  horse  power.  Compressed  air  drills  will 
be  used  in  sinking  the  shaft.  The  ore  is  con- 
ducted out  of  the  mine  by  mule  trains,  each 
train  load  being  about  fifty  tons.  The  mill 
is  running  at  full  capacity  and  ships  from 
1,200  to  1,500 tons  of  concentrates  every  month. 
The  mine  will  run  all  winter  unless  some 
emergency  arrives  to  change  the  present  ar- 
rangements. 

MONTANA . 

The  citizeus  of  Granite  county  are  endeavor- 
ing to  secure  the  erectiou  of  a  smelter  in  the 
vicinity  of  Philipsburg  to  treat  the  ore  of  min- 
ing camps  in  Missoula,  Deer  Lodge  and 
Granite  counties. 

Several  Bozeman  citizens  are  interested  in 
the  coal  fields  on  Trail  creek,  in  southeastern 
Montana.  It  is  reported  that  for  many  square 
miles  the  coal  lies  not  to  exceed  three  feet 
below  the  surface  and  that  it  is  of  high  grade. 
All  that  is  needed  is  railroad  facilities  for  the 
development  of  this  section. 

It  is  almost  impossible  to  sink  a  shaft  or  run 
a  tunnel  for  any  considerable  distance  on  the 
mountain  west  of  Main  street  in  Marysville, 
says  the  Mountaineer.,  without  encountering  a 
pay  shoot,  and  yet  most  of  this  land  is  open  to 
location.  A  man  with  a  few  thousand  dollars 
might  here  find  a  profitable  investment  and 
strike  a  bonanza. 

The  Marysville  Mountaineer  says  that  the 
Monitor  mine,  with  Messrs.  McKillican  and 
Boyer  Bros,  proprietors,  is  showing  up  finely 
and  that  the  new  mill  is  kept  steadily  at  work 
on  rich  ore.  This  is  the  property  the  Boston 
tenderfoot  was  afraid  to  purchase.  He  could 
have  made  $10,000  by  purchasing  the  property 
and  holding  the  same  a  few  months. 

The  output  of  the  placer  mines  owned  by  the 
La  Crosse  Bros,  and  Barrett  on  Cedar  creek, 
in  Missoula  county,  is  said  to  have  been  820,0(10 
in  gold  dust. 

The  Harvey  district,  in  the  vicinity  of 
Philipsburg,  is  attracting  considerable  at- 
tention. It  is  a  gold  bearing  district,  aud 
some  of  the  mines  are  reported  very  rich. 
Some  of  the  quartz  taken  from  the  mines  runs 
from  $5  to  9500  per  ton. 

J.  E.  Morse  has  sold  the  Midnight  mine  to 
A.  V.  Clark,  representing  St,  Louis  parties, 
says  the  Dillon  Rjnmincr.  It  is  understood 
that  work  will  begin  at  an  early  date  and  the 
mine  be  fully  developed,  and  in  all  probability 
a  mill  will  be  built  next  spring.  The  price 
paid  was  811,500. 

The  San  Martina  Miniug  Company,  owning 
mines  near  Martina,  in  Missoula  county,  dur- 
ing the  past  year  has  constructed  a  five-stamp 
water  power  mill,  built  a  boarding  house  and 
made  many  other  improvements.  The  mill 
was  started  up  in  Ootober  and  has  been  run- 
ning ever  since. 

MEXICO. 

Soxora.— C.  B.  Serveuti,  of  Altar  has  a 
property  twelve  miles  from  the  coast;  the 
water  they  use  is  brought  twenty-one  miles. 
The  ore  is  packed  on  burros  twenty-five  miles 
to  be  worked.  It  is  worked  in  steam  ar- 
rastras,  and  pays  to  work  it  even  under  such 
disadvantages.  It  is  a  gold  property,  free 
milling  and  rich.  The  ore  that  is  sorted  and 
worked  runs  8200  to  $300  to  the  ton.  The 
average  of  the  mine  is  at  least  $30. 

Sinking  has  been  done  to  a  depth  of  200 
feet  for  water.  The  bottom  of  the  well  is  as 
dry  as  an  Arizona  mesa  as  yet.  The  owners 
will  not  sink  farther  for  water  at  present. 
Water  is  packed  into  camp  in  small  kegs  and 
brings  one  peso  a  keg. 

The  mine  comprises  two  claims,  one  of  800 
metres  in  length,  the  other  of  the  regulation 
600  metres.  The  mining  laws  of  Mexico  allow 
the  discoverers  of  new  districts  an  extra  200 
metres  for  bringing  out  new  fields.  One  of 
the  two  mines  being  the  pioneer  of  the  dis- 
trict it  is  larger  than  the  regulation  claim. 
The  owner  is  now  negotiating  with  San  Fran- 
cisco parties  to  sell  the  property.  All 
arrangements  were  once  made  for  the  sale  of 
the  mines  to  Denver  parties.  That,  however, 
was  about  the  time  of  the  late  panic,  and 
owing  to  that  the  sale  fell  through. 

NEVADA. 

Esmeralda  Co.— Walker  Lake  Bulletin: 
Col.  W.  J.  Sutherland,  Managing  Director  of 
the  Holmes  Company,  arrived  in  Hawthorne 
Friday  and  took  a  special  from  here  to  Can- 
delaria.  On  his  return,  Sunday,  Mr  Suther- 
land said  that  he  was  testing  the  ore  and 
tailings  of  the  Holmes  mine  with  a  view  to 
working  the  same  on  a  large  scale  by  a  new 
leaching  process.  Thos.  Reed,  the  well-known 
mineralogist,  is  at  present  making  tests,  and 
on  his  report  depends  the  action  of  the  com- 
pany. Mr.  Sutherland  said  he  thought  work 
would  begin  within  a  month. 

There  are  half  a  million  tons  of  tailings  at 
Belleville  and  Candelaria;  and  a  plant  will 
have  to  be  built  to  do  the  work  on  a  large 
scale.  There  are  also  large  bodies  of  ore  in 
the  mine  which  will  no  doubt  pay  well  if 
treated  by  the  new  process. 

This  is*  a  gleam  of  light  through  the  dark 
clouds  that  have  overhung  Candelaria  since 
the  big  mines  closed,  and  it  is  the  earnest 
hope  of  everybody  that  the  tests  now  being 
made  will  prove  satisfactory. 

The  report  published  in  the  Enterprise  that 
Mr,   Sutherland  is   negotiating  ;i  silc  of    F,il 


Brown's  mine  at  Silver  Star  is  a  fairy  tale. 
He  did  not  visit  Star  district,  but  he  has  ar- 
ranged with  Mr.  Reid  to  go  there  and  inspect 
the  mines  in  his  interest. 

A  Gold  Mine.— Mr.  E.  B.  Coleman  has 
recently  acquired  for  an  Eastern  syndicate 
the  property  at  the  head  of  the  Owyhee, 
about  sixty  miles  north  of  Elko,  consisting  of 
some  very  rich  free  gold  quartz  veins.  At  a 
depth  of  thirty-rive  feet  the  veins  have 
widened,  but  the  average  thickness  thus  far 
has  been  about  three  feet.  A  small  vein  of 
twelve  inches  has  assayed  as  high  as '  $1000. 
It  will  soon  be  determined  whether  the  com- 
pany shall  erect  only  a  small  concentrating 
plant  or  put  up  a  full  reduction  works.  A 
force  of  men  is  now  employed  in  developing 
the  mine. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

Record;  R.  B.  Hunter  of  the  Bucyrus  Placer 
Company,  operating  in  Merino  valley,  Colfax 
county,  New  Mexico,  gives  good  reports  of  the 
past  season's  operations  on  the  enmpany's  pro- 
perty which  extends  .some  six  miles  down 
Merinocreek,  near  Elizabeth  town.  The  work- 
ing season,  which  begins  about  the  first  of 
April  and  runs  to  December  1st,  is  conducive 
of  constant  operation.  Advantage  of  this  fact 
was  taken  by  the  Bucyrus  company  during  the 
season.  A  large  Bucyrus  amalgamator  with  a 
capacity  of  1,000  yards  daily  has  been  used 
with  such  marked  success  that  it  is  quite  prob- 
able that  another  will  be  added  this  year. 
Mr.  Hunter  says  that  fully  05  per  cent  of  the 
values  were  saved  and  there  was  absolutely 
no  gold  in  the  tailings.  Mr.  Hunter  has  min- 
ing interests  in  Central  America  and  expects 
to  operate  on  a  profitable  scale  iu.that  country 
next  season.  He  anticipates  a  big  year  in 
gold  mining  for  1895  and  sa>  s  New  Mexico  will 
come  to  the  front  in  a  surprising  manner. 

OREO  ON. 

At  Wolf  Creek.— According  to  reports 
brought  in  by  one  of  the  miners  of  Mount 
Reuben  the  chemical  process  for  working  re- 
fractory ores,  which  was  being  tested  bv 
Messrs.  Beardsley  and  Wetherell  on  the 
Copper  Stain  mine  on  Mount  Reuben,  has 
proven  a  success.  They  have  their  three-feet 
pan  in  operatiun  treating  tailings.  It  is  re- 
ported that  as  a  result  from  less  than  forty- 
eight  hours'  run  they  cleaned  up  8000.  The 
Star  Mining  Company  will  soon  have  their 
machinery  in  operation  on  the  Star  mine  on 
Grave  creek. 

UTAH. 

Gold  Coin  Development,— Tribune:  The 
owners  of  the  Gold  Coin  group  of  mines  in  the 
Mercur  district  have  let  a  contract  for  one 
hundred  feet  of  crosscut  tunnel  to  open  up 
their  property.  The  work  is  to  he  begun  at 
once  and  pushed  to  completion  as  rapidly  as 
possible.  As  soon  as  the  vein  is  encountered, 
general  development  work,  looking  to  the 
ultimate  erection  of  a  cyanide  mill,  will  be 
begun.  The  owners  of  the  property  are 
Messrs.  H.  T.  Bragden,  Quiney  Smylbo,  Carr 
and  other  Denver  parties. 

WASHINGTON. 

The  Cedar  Canyon  mines,  situated  in  the 
mountain  regions  of  Stevens  county,  and  on 
the  slope  of  the  range  which  reaches  down 
into  Spring  valley,  are  attracting  attention. 
A  Mr.  Hall,  who  was  the  discoverer,  has 
charge  of  the  development  and  work  on  the 
mines,  and  the  recent  shipment  of  ore  from 
the  mines  to  Davenport  has  caused  consider- 
able comment  to  be  made,  as  to  the  richness  of 
the  district.  The  ore  is  of  a  i-arbonate  nature, 
and  runs  to  the  value  of  about  8500  per  ton. 
There  is  about  four  feci  of  ledge,  and  the 
mine  is  very  easily  worked,  and  is  also  ac- 
cessible to  wagon  transportation.  The  ore 
has  to  be  hauled  a  distance  of  about  forty 
miles  then  shipped  to  Tacoma  for  treatment.  * 

The  Old  Dominion  mine,  near  Colville, 
which  has  been  working  steadily  on  devel- 
opment work  for  the  past  six  months,  will 
make  some  very  radical  changes  at  an  early 
date,  It  is  the  purpose  of  the  management 
to  put  an  additional  force  of  men  on  the  prop- 
erty for  the  purpose  of  extracting  ore  and  to 
start  up  the  concentrating  works  as  soon  as 
the  whether  will  permit.  Several  properties 
surrounding  the  Old  Dominion  that  have  been 
bought  up  by  the.  company  will  make  liberal 
contributions  of  ore  to  the  concentrating  works 
when  they  start  up. 


It  Does. 

"  Does  Electricity  Kill  ?  "  is  the  cap- 
tion of  an  article  going  the  rounds  of 
the  press.     Sometimes. 

Tacoma,  Wash.,  Jan.  5. — Two  thousand  volts 
of  electricity  passed  through  Peter  Peterson, 
day  electrician  at  the  city  light  station,  this 
morning,  instantly  killing  him.  In  making 
changes  on  the  switchboard  he  grasped  two 
plugs  at  the  same  time,  his  thumbs  touching 
them  too  far  up  and  on  the  non-insulated  por- 
tion. There  was  a  flash  and  he  fell  back  dead. 
He  had  been  in  the  employ  of  the  company  six 
years.  His  death  is  attributed  to  care- 
lessness. 


The  999,  on  the  N.  Y.  Central,  is 
still  the  queen  of  all  locomotives.  Her 
run  of  436s  miles  in  425:,'  minutes 
stands  as  a  world's  record,  and  her 
mile  in  thirty-two  seconds  has  never 
been  equaled  in  this  or  foreign  coun- 
tries. But  it  is  more  than-probable  that 
within  the  next  few  months  the  New 
York  Central  officials  will  order  one 
of  these  records  broken  by  another 
engine,  and  will  then  give  the  999  an 
opportunity  to  enter  into  the  record - 
breaking  business  again. 


anuarv   12     18U5. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


27 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 


— E.  Coleman  has  been  elected  president  or 
the  Pacific  Rolling  Mills,  rice  J.G.  F'airde- 
ceased. 

Edward  A   Hi*  u-.i*  been  granted 
for   his    Pboanli  <  1 »- i  1 1   in  ull   the   A 
d  ies. 
-sAo  assessetnent  of  seven  di  liars  per  share 
bas  been  le\  led   on   tbe  ■  of  the 

San  Francisco Ti 

Tbe(  Kladam  ano  ]  be  "  Wolftey 

:^-hl      bj 

!.:.-   Ingi  '•  -  for  $500,000. 
—The   Vancouver,   B.C..   miners  will  con- 
tinue  u>  work  at    tin  ow   wages  six 

er,  tbe  coal  market   being  rated 
"gloomy  and  uncertain." 

11.  I).  Morris  h«s  lately  moved  into  own 
modious  quarters  at  148-US  First   street,  and 
is  furnishing  considerable  machinery  to  min- 
is Sierra  and  Amador  counties. 
John    MeNatnara    has    sued     the    eily    of 
Seattle  for*16,000  tor  infringement  of  patent 
machine  used  In   tunneling.    The 
city  denies  that   the  machine  In  useia  thti 
Bailie  as  the  one  patented  by  McNamara. 

—Water  from  the  Bull  Run  river  was  turn 
ed  into  the  mains  of  Portland,  Or.,  last  week. 
iter  la  brought  nearly  forty  miles  from 
the  Bull  Run  river,  a  mountain  stream  rising 
in  the  Cascades  near  Mount  Hood.  The  plant 
oosttbecit]  """'• 

—The  Point   Defiance  Railway  has  been  s  .1,1 

at  Tncoiua  to  s.  z.  Mitchell  of  Portland  for 
,  n  ,  ,t  to  several  mortgages,  aggre- 
jratiue  K>.     The   principal   holders 

of  the  mortgages  are  C.  S.  Hinchman  of  Phil- 
adelphia and  J.  C.  1j»  i 

—The  gas  plant  and  the  Commercial  electric 
light  plant,  one  owned  and  the  other  controll- 
ed by  the  Tacoma  Light  and  Water  Company, 
have  been  transferred  to  Seymour,  Barto  & 
Co  ,  C.  B.  Hurley,  and  some  eastern  man  who 
make  a  specialty  of  the  gas  business. 

—G.  A.  Sacbas,  of  Eugene,  Or.,  who  is  the 
patentee  of  a  hammerless  shotgun,  has  estab- 
lished a  shotgun  faotory  in  that  city,  which, 
the  Guard  says,  is  the  only  complete  establish- 
ment of  the  kind  west  of  the  Mississippi  river. 
He  will  employ  ten  men,  and  expects  to  make 
about  fifty  guns  a  week. 

The  Sierra  Valleys  Railway  Company  has 

incorporated  to  construct  and  operate  rail- 
i  .hoe  county.  Nov.,  and  in  the 
counties  of  Sierra,  Lassen  and  Plumas,  Cal. 
The  estimated  length  of  the  road  is  100  miles. 
The  directors  are  J.  M.  Piatt,  J.  Elder,  J. 
Flitlie  F  F.  Rver  and  W.  S.  Kittle.  Cap- 
ital stock  II, 500,000. 

—The  Tillamook  Electric  Railway,  Power 
and  Light  Co.,  of  Tillamook,  Or.,  has  filed  ar- 
ticles of  incorporation;  its  object  being  to 
operate  an  electric  railway  from  a  point  on  the 
line  of  the  Oregon  Central  railroad  in  Yamhill 
county  at  or  near  North  Yamhill  station, 
weste'rly,  following  the  course  of  the  North 
Yamhiri  river,  the  Nestucca,  and  the  Tilla- 
mook rivers  to  the  shore  of  Netarts  bay 
in  Tillamook  county. 

— Charles  England,  of  Kelso,  Wash.,  who  is 
running  a  logging  camp  near  Olequa,  has  a  long 
chute,  just  one  mile  long,  and  when  a  log  is 
placed  in  it  at  the  top  of  the  mountain,  it 
reaches  the  bottom,  plunging  into  the  Olequa 
creek,  in  just  fourteen  seconds.  The  chute  is 
a  perfect  one,  as  there  never  has  been  a  case 
where  one  jumped  the  chute.  The  water  at 
the  mouth  of  the  chute  is  of  sufficient  depth 
that  the  logs  are  not  injured  in  striking  the 
bottom  of  the  stream. 

—The  new  Sierra  Valley  railroad,  which 
has  been  completed  for  a  distance  of  twenty- 
three  miles  and  is  projected  to  cross  the  Sier- 
ras through  Beckwith  Pass,  has  been  mort- 
gaged to  the  Southern  Pacific.  Nevada  pa- 
pers think  that  the  fact  that  the  Southern 
Pacific  is  aiding  the  project  indicates  that 
corporation  has  secured  control  of  the  prop- 
erty, with  the  probable  intention  of  abandon- 
ing'the  Central  Pacific  line  across  the  Hen- 
ness  Pass  route  during  the  winter  season, 
thus  avoiding  blockades  and  the  heavy  cost  of 
maintaining  the  long  line  of  sheds  across  the 
snow  belt  on  that  route. 

—The  Southern  Pacific  Co.  is  figuring  on 
supplanting  its  steam  local  service  in  Oak- 
land, Alameda,  Berkeley,  etc.,  with  electricity 
as  a  motive  power.  A  year  ago  a  con  tract  was 
made  out  with  a  large  Eastern  company  to  put 
in  the  electric,  plant  td  run  the  local  service. 
The  papers  were  all  ready  to  be  signed  when 
the  reported  invention  of  a  German  who  had 
perfected  a  new  and  much  more  attractive 
system  of  electric  motive  power  caused  a  de- 
lay. An  agent  was  sent  on  to  Germany  to  in- 
vestigate the  subject  and  to  look  into  other 
systems  in  operation  in  Europe.  Arrange- 
ments are  now  in  progress  for  putting  in  a 
system  of  electric  power,  whereiu  the  current 
or  power  is  supplied  from  a  slot  between  the 
rails,  and  overhead  trolley  wires  will  not  be 
used.  The  new  system  will  not  only  run  for 
feeding  the  ferries,  but  for  a  street  service  as 
well.  Tbe  cars  will  be  somewhat  larger  than 
those  running  on  the  San  Leandro  line,  and 
they  will  be  run  with  two  or  three  in  a  train. 
The  ferry  service  will  then  be  extended  to 
Haywards  and  possibly  extended  to  San 
Pablo.  Electricity  is  a  much  cheaper  and 
more  expeditious  method  for  short  hauls  such 
as  are  involved  in  the  local  service,  than  are 
the  heavv  steam  trains.  The  company  is  anx- 
ious to  obtain  the  latest  inventions  before 
making  a  change. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope.  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc,  etc.  as-Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  maae  to  order  on  short  notice 

fili  and  91.3  FRONT  ST.,  S»n  Francisco,  Cal, 


In 


Our  Lap- 


I 


WELDED  PIPE  MUNI  S<»N  JOINT,  lur  which  we  are  agcntsi 
we  arc  supplying  an  article  of  known  excellence.  A  large  line 
always  in  stuck.  We  also  make  all  kinds  and  sizes  of  SHEET 
IRON  and  SHEET  STEEL  riveted  WATER  PIPE  for  hydraulic 
mining,  irrigation  and  other  purposes.  We  want  business— at 
least  the  way  we  make  our  pipe,  the  way  we  sell  it  and  the  way  i 
we  treat  customers  would  make  you  think  SO.  Quotations 
and  Information  furnished  promptly. 


^  IKE  Rop* 

*    O?  F0  R  AU  PURPOSES  3-  ** 

Wir^L  ^oplT^mW^Vs 

TRENTON-IRDND 

*TRENTON,N.d> 

n.v.  o  rrnE 

COOPER  HEWITT&C0.-I7BURUN6  SUP 


IRON 

WORKS, 


S.  E.  HOWARD  AHD  BEALE  STS.,  SAN  FRAHCISCO 


,♦* 


CARBONS^ 

BLACK    DIAMONDS)  \m 

FOK  ™ 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


I 


•>       DIAMOND  DRILLS 


: 


CO. 


i 


it  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If  you  are  interested  iu 
Rock  ,  Drilling  Correspond 
with  us. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MOM. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Prue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 

Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  oase  with  the  old  style.  Is  prac- 
tically    over- 
>?rj  come. 

«§»  Again,  in  tbe 

H|r  surface  of  the 

belt,     trans- 
versely   two 


feet     apart, 

there  1  s    a 

space    of    one 

inch,   contain- 

_.,    ing     twenty 

' "  '-^^     riffles  1-32  of 

an    inch    in 

--'  ■  ■'    •  ---—"•      depth.    This 

tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents   it  from  banking  on   the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with   the  tailings  from  a    belt   with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Haywards  Building San  Francisco. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  ami  655  Mission  Strict,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON,      -  Proprietor. 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  lor  Circular. 


NEW  METHODS. 


STORAGE  BATTERIES 


NEW    RESULTS. 


THE  HOUGH  STORAGE  BATIERY«f!^'JS^^^8^*gKSffi 


EUREKA 

43  SFBAR  STSSST 


ELECTRIC 


CO., 

,.,.SAK  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


*+ 

*« 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  Its  Denver  Office. 


-S.  D.  DESSAU,  4 

&    4  4  6  John  St.,    A 
*     Mew  York,,    ^ 

*    4 


*  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

110  &  113  BEALE  STREET,  S.  jr. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps.     +    Steam  Engines. 
.    .    ati  rands  Of  MJCHTNEIIY.    .    . 


I 


c^r 


Krogh  M'f  g  Co., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Mining   Pumps,  Pan  Staves,  teaching  Tanks 
and  also  the  famous 


Krogh  Mining   Hoist ! 

The  best  and  cheapest  on  the  market,  and  for 

strength  and  durability  unsurpassed. 

Send  for  Catalogue.      Sf  Beale  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Business    College, 

34  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco 

FOR     SEVENTY  -  FIVE    DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type-Writing 
Bookkeeping-,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing:, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining- 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  io  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  oeeu  Haiablished  under  a  thoroughly  Qualified 
instructor.  The  course  IB  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 

UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,O 

—Manufacturers  of— 
STEAn   ENGINES,  BOILERS, 

And  uU  kinde  of 
♦    ♦    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flonr  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  N  <S=  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The.    Eureka   Company, 

of  san  francisco, 

Rqqm  1,     -     **  calitowwa  Street, 
PAN  FRANCIggO, 


28 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  12,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


The  Great   Dynamos   at  Niagara. 


Three  of  the  enormous  dynamos  with 
which  the  Niagara  Falls  Power  Com- 
pany is  to  develop  electricity  have 
been  completed,  and  are  now  being  set 
up.  The  initial  stage  in  the  practical 
operation  of  that  wonderful  scheme, 
therefore,  is  close  at  hand.  In  several 
respects  besides  their  unequalled  capac- 
ity —  5000-horse  power  each  —  these 
generators  are  unusual,  not  to  say 
original.  And  while  it  is  possible  that 
a  few  months  of  service  may  reveal 
ways  in  which  improvement  can  be 
made,  these  machines  represent  the 
very  latest  and  best  ideas  in  electrical 
engineering.  The  canal  which  is  to 
bring  water  to  this  great  plant  was 
long  ago  completed,  as  was  also  the 
tunnel  (7000  feet  in  length)  that  serves 
as  a  tailrace.  The  wheelpit  was  ready 
last  summer,  and  during  the  last  four 
months  the  turbines  and  penstocks 
have  been  put  in  place.  Everything  is 
in  readiness,  therefore,  for  the  crown- 
ing task  of  installing  the  machinery 
here  described. 

Most  dynamos  are  driven  by  a  hori- 
zontal shaft.  Those  at  Niagara  have 
vertical  shafts,  reaching  down  to  the 
water  wheels,  136  feet  below.  Although 
each  wheel  weighs  about  two  tons,  and 
the  shaft  (which  is  as  big  as  an  ocean 
steamship's)  about  seventy-five  tons, 
yet  the  water  is  to  be  introduced  in 
such  a  way  as  to  carry  this  load,  and 
leave  to  the  various  bearings  merely 
the  duty  of  holding  the  mechanism  in 
position.  Again,  it  is  customary  in 
the  American  dynamo  to  have  the 
outer  set  of  magnets,  whether  they  be 
two  or  a  hundred  in  number,  and  con- 
stituting what  is  called  the  ''field," 
remain  stationary;  and  the  armature 
with  its  coils,  in  which  the  current  is 
excited,  rotates  inside  of  the  cluster. 
But  at  Niagara  the  conditions  are  re- 
versed. The  central  portion  will  be 
fixed,  and  the  outer  part  will  whirl 
about  it.  The  first  designs  adopted  by 
the  company  were  prepared  by  Pro- 
fessor George  Forbes;  but  the  com- 
pany, before  taking  the  contract  to 
build,  proposed   certain  modifications. 

The  field  magnets,  twelve  in  number, 
are  attached  to  the  inner  face  of  a 
wrought-steel  ring.  Their  pole-pieces 
are  also  of  steel.  The  ring,  which  is 
about  twelve  feet  in  outside  diameter, 
is  both  supported  and  revolved  by  a 
plate  which  stretches  completely 
across  it,  which  is  shaped  like  a  flattish 
cone  and  which  is  secured  to  the  upper 
end  of  the  shaft.  In  this  roof  are 
several  openings,  covered  with  small 
rounded  hoods,  to  admit  air.  Every 
one  familiar  with  the  arrangement  of  a 
dynamo  knows  that  field  magnets  are 
not  permanent  magnets,  but  electro- 
magnets; that  is,  the  iron  cores  derive 
their  magnetism  from  a  current  flow- 
ing through  coils  of  copper  wire 
around  them.  In  a  direct-current 
dynamo,  after  the  machine  is  started 
and  the  armature  coils  begin  to  de- 
velop electricity  by  induction,  some  or 
all  of  this  current  is  lead  off  into  the 
field  coils;  and  from  that  time  onward 
the  operation  is  very  simple.  A  small 
amount  of  "residual"  magnetism  re- 
mains in  the  cores  after  the  machine 
stops,  and  this  is  the  germ  relied  upon 
to  start  with  next  time.  But  in  dyna- 
mos designed  like  those  of  the  Niagara 
plant  to  develop  an  alternating  cur- 
rent, it  is  customary  to  use  a  sepa- 
rate exciting  current,  derived  from  an 
outside  source,  usually  a  small  direct- 
current  dynamo.  At  Niagara  the  ex- 
citing current  is  brought  to  the  field 
magnet  coils  through  sliding  contacts 
(brushes  and  collecting  rings). 

Before  referring  more  particularly 
to  the  armatures  adopted  for  these  ma- 
chines, a  word  or  two  might  be  said 
about  the  "disc"  pattern  of  arma- 
ture. Therein  one  does  not  see  a  lot 
of  spools  of  copper  wire,  each  with  a 
separate  core.  Instead,  there  is  a 
thick  disc,  on  whose  periphery  are 
a  lot  of  transverse  furrows  or  slots, 
giving  it  to  the  careless  observer  the 
appearance  of  a  cogwheel.  A  coil  con- 
sisting of  a  few  turns  wound  over  a 
rectangular  form  is  then  applied  to  the 


disc  in  such  a  way  that  one  side  of  the 
square  will  fit  down  into  one  slot,  the 
opposite  side  into  another  slot  a  short 
distance  away,  and  the  remaining  sides 
lie  flat  on  the  lateral  surfaces  of  the 
disc.  Each  coil  overlaps  several  others, 
and  consequently  includes  as  its  core 
part  of  the  metal  forming  another  coil's 
core.  Right  here  it  may  be  remarked 
that  the  word  "core"  is  also  used  to 
designate  the  whole  disc  without  its 
coils.  It  will  be  seen  that,  however 
this  arrangement  may  differ  from  the 
older  ones,  the  essential  idea  is  re- 
tained: A  piece  of  soft  iron  is  encircled 
by  copper  wire,  and  the  pole  of  the 
electro-magnet  thus  created  points 
outward,  radially  toward  the  field 
magnet  past  which  it  is  to  be  moved 
by  rotation.  Each  groove  in  the 
periphery  of  the  disc  contains  the  first 
end  of  one  coil  and  the  further  end  of 
another.  Sometimes  what  is  called 
here  a  "coil"  consists  merely  of  two 
solid  bars  of  copper,  each  in  a  different 
slot,  and  having  their  ends  properly 
connected.  For  reasons  which  need 
not  be  given,  it  is  desirable  to  make 
those  bars  of  several  strands,  lightly 
insulated  from  each  other.  Of  course 
each  bar  is  also  insulated  carefully 
from  the.  one  with  which  it  is  required 
to  lie  in  the  same  slot.  In  the  Niagara 
generators  the  armature  is  a  horizontal 
ring,  composed  of  thin  plates  of  oxi- 
dized iron,  lying  one  above  another,  and 
bound  together  by  eight  vertical  bolts 
of  nickel  steel.  There  are  187  holes  or 
slots  in  its  periphery,  and  two  rectan- 
gular copper  bars,  insulated  with  mica, 
are  fitted  into  each.  Two  kinds  of  con- 
nections are  then  provided,  one  making 
coils  out  of  the  bars  and  the  other 
merging  the  various  coils  together, 
not.  however,  into  one,  but  into  two 
systems,  for  these  are  "two-phase" 
dynamos.  That  is,  they  develop  two 
alternating  currents,  one  having  its 
changes  come  a  quarter  of  a  pulsation 
behind  those  of  the  other  for  conveni- 
ence in  operating  the  "two-phase" 
motors,  which  some  of  the  customers 
are  expected  to  use. 

From  the  framework  that  sustains 
the  armature  there  extend  inward  four 
arms  to  provide  bearings  for  the  shaft. 
The  bushings  of  the  bearings  are  pro- 
vided with  zigzag  grooves  for  oil,  while 
the  outer  surface  of  the  bushings  have 
other  grooves  through  which  water 
may  be  circulated  to  keep  them  cool. 

Some  of  the  local  consumers  at 
Niagara  will  want  a  continuous  current 
instead  of  an  alternating  one.  Several 
novel  machines  to  effect  this  conver- 
sion, besides  transformers  to  lower  the 
voltage  to  the  desired  degree,  will 
therefore  constitute  part  of  the  equip- 
ment of  the  power  house.  Again, 
while  the  dynamos  will  deliver  their 
output  at  2000  volts,  there  has  been 
talk  of  raising  this  to  5000,  10,000  or 
even  20,000.  for  ease  of  transmission 
to  distant  points;  and  other  trans- 
formers will  also  be  required  for  this 
work.  Some  of  the  details  of  the  mode 
of  distribution,  though,  are  not  yet 
fully  determined. 

The  field  magnets  are  to  be  whirled 
about  the  armature  250  times  a  minute, 
or  four  and  one-sixth  times  a  second. 
As  a  separate  impulse  is  excited  in  the 
armature  by  each  field  magnet,  the 
frequency  of  the  alterations  will  be 
fifty  to  the  second,  giving  twenty-five 
complete  waves  in  that  period  of  time. 
No  commutators  or  collectors  will  be 
required  in  order  to  lead  these  currents 
off,  since  the  armature  and  its  coils  are 
stationary. 

As  soon  as  the  plant  is  iu  operation 
the  Pittsburg  Reduction  Company, 
which  has  established  works  at  Niagara 
for  obtaining  aluminum  electrolytically, 
will  be  furnished  with  all  the  electricity 
it  wishes. 

The  Carborundum  Company  will  be 
the  next  customer  served.  But  it  is 
hoped  at  an  early  day  to  deliver  a  good 
supply  in  Buffalo,  which  city  is  prepar- 
ing to  celebrate  the  event  with  much 
formality  and  display.  It  is  designed 
to  include  Lockport,  Rochester,  Syra- 
cuse and  other  large  and  small  centers 
of  population  within  the  field  of  these 
benefits,  eventually,  besides  furnishing 
electric  light  and  power  to  industries 
to  be  established  at  Niagara,  and  oper- 
ating boats  on  the  Erie  canal  with  the 


same  agency.  As  the  capacity  of  the 
outflow  tunnel  from  the  wheelpit  will 
accommodate  water  enough  to  generate 
over  100,000  horse-power,  it  Will  be 
necessary  only  to  install  more  turbines 
and  dynamos  to  meet  any  demand  up  to 
that  limit.  But  the  same  corporation 
controls  rights  on  the  Canadian  side 
of  the  Falls,  and  is  already  taking  pre- 
liminary steps  toward  the  development 
of  an  even  greater  amount  of  power 
there  than  the.  American  plant  is 
adapted  to  yield. 

Compared  with  the  enormous  amount 
of  water  going  over  the  Falls,  which  is 
equivalent  to  something  between  seven 
and  twelve  million  horse  power,  the 
portion  takeu  for  this  enterprise  is  so 
small  that  it  will  probably  make  no 
perceptible  difference  with  the  appear- 
ance of  the  mighty  cataract.  Even  in 
winter,  when  the  accumulations  of  ice 
up  in  the  rapids  sometimes  interfere 
with  the  supply  on  the  American  side, 
it  is  believed  that  gravitation  would 
make  good  any  artificial  deficit  due  to 
the  power  company's  consumption. 


Direct   Current    Dynamos. 

There  exists  in  England  a  general  and 
deeply  rooted  idea  that  direct  current 
dynamos  of  very  high  potential  are  not 
at  all  practical.  This  unfavorable 
opinion  is  particularly  strong  in  regard 
to  the  use  of  such  machines  for  the 
transmission  of  power  for  any  consider- 
able distance — in  fact,  such  a  system  is 
considered  to  be  almost  out  of  the 
question.  The  actual  historical  and 
practical  facts  are  that  the  high  po- 
tential direct  current  machines  were 
more'extensively  and  successfully  oper- 
ated when  the  dynamo  first  came  into 
general  use  about  1880  than  any  other 
type,  either  direct  or  alternate. 
Furthermore,  their  number  and  size 
have  largely  increased,  and  the  voltage 
at  which  they  can  be  practically  work- 
ed has  been  steadily  raised,  until  the 
public  now  have  sixty-light  dynamos  as 
the  standard  size  of  large  machines 
generating  about  3,000  volts  and  ten 
amperes.  Arc  dynamos  of  ninety-light 
capacity  are  also  regularly  made  by 
several  manufacturers,  and  120  or  even 
125-light  machines   are  built  and  used. 


An  Eastern  syndicate  is  prosecuting 
a  survey  in  Kern  canyon,  and  a  party 
of  twenty  men  is  blasting  out  a  trail, 
beginning  about  fifteen  miles  northeast 
of  Bakersfield.  the  intention  being  to 
spend  $8000  or  $10,000  in  a  preliminary 
survey  to  determine  the  feasibility  of 
developing  electrical  power  there.  It 
is  expected  that  the  survey  will  be 
completed  bj'  February  1st.  C.  N. 
Beat  is  in  charge  of  the  project.  The 
California  combination  of  dear  fuel  and 
unlimited  water  power  makes  an  in- 
viting field  in  the  mining  districts  for 
the  utilization  o'f  mountain  streams  in 
furnishing  electric  power. 


The  phenomenon  known  as  "electric 
sunstroke  "  is  attracting  attention  by 
reason  of  its  frequency  among  workmen 
employed  in  melting  metals  by  the 
electric  process.  The  intense  voltaic 
arc  between  the  carbon  and  the  metal 
to  be  melted  emits  rays,  producing  a 
sensation  similar  to  that  of  a  burn  on 
uncovered  portions  of  the  body.  There 
is  frequently  great  pain,  sleeplessness, 
and  in  some  cases  fever.  The  skin  be- 
comes copper-colored  or  bronzed,  the 
eyesight  is  sometimes  temporarily  lost 
and  followed  by  what  is  known  as 
"yellow  vision,"  with  a  sensation  as  of 
sand  under  the  eyelids. 


The  German  military  authorities  are 
trying  a  new  arrangement  of  the  elec- 
tric light.  An  electric  arc  lamp  of 
5,000  or  more  candle  power  is  suspend- 
ed in  the  air  from  a  captive  balloon. 
The  current  is  led  to  the  lamp  by  an 
insulated  wire  or  cable,  and  the  light  is 
reflected  downwards  to  the  ground.  A 
large  open  space  is  thus  illuminated, 
without  lamp-posts,  and  the  evolutions 
of  a  body  of  troops  can  take  place  by 
night  without  impediment. 

A  paper  read  before  an  institution 
of  standing,  but  inadequately  discussed, 
may  often  do  more  harm  than  good, — 
Loudon  Electrician, 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.  N.  JEHU,    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

j  628   Montgomery  Street,  San   Francisco.  \ 

Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

'  Ore  Assays,   Analyses  of  Minerals,   Metals  ' 
1      and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


\  /*.  GOOF»ER, 

5         Practical     /Vletallurglst, 

C Nevada  Road,  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  Co.  Cal.  J 

)    Assaying  in  all  its  branches.    Strange  looking^ 
jminerals  examined  and  value  determined. 
S     Guld.  Silver  and  Lead  Ores  bought  on  assay. 
\     Agent     for   Selby  Smelling  &  Lead  Co..    San? 
<  Francisco. 


J  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  J 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering-. 

^Surveying.  Architecture.  Drawing  and  Assaying. 
733  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN  AI-L  YEAR. 

A.  VAN  DEI1  NAILLEN,  President. 

<  Assaying  of  Ones.  $25:  Bullion  and  Chlorinalion  t 

Assay.  $2.5:  Blowpipe  ABeay, $10.    Pull  Course  i 

of  Assaying.  850.    Established  18f>4. 

EF"  Send  for  Circular. 


Almarin  B.  Paul,  M.  E., 
Mining:  Operator, 

ROOM  5.  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
J  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts..  San  Francisco.  J 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report-  ' 
ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  ' 
1  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest 
>  in  Developed  Mines. 

i      Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  < 
i  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent  | 
j  instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
,  practical  scale. 


;  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works,  I 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts..  San  Franciseo. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  I  WW. 

ORES     WORKED     BY     ANY     PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS     BRANCHES.  , 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

■  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  l 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  < 
ores. 

t  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

'Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "Title  and 
,  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
.  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
,  relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street, 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


GIANT     POWDER     FUSE     CAP    FASTENER. 


The  instrument  presented  in  the  above  cut  is  a 
new  and  grand  little  invention:  being  designed  to 
save  life  and  limb,  and  innumerable  lawsuits,  by 
doing  away  with  the  dangerous  operation  of  digging 
out  wet  and  unexploded  loads,  where  Giant  Powder 
is  used  in  mining.  The  instrument  is  made  of  the 
finest  cast  steel,  and  crimps  the  cap  on  the  end  of 
the  fuse  firmly  and  absolutely  watertight.  There  Is 
also  a  Fuse  Cutter  attached.  Price  75c.  each. 
MOODEY  &  SHERWOOD    Fresno,  Cal. 


F^OR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  iron,  lead  lined. 
I  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time.    For  sale 
cheap.    Address       L.  C.  S.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Office,  S.  F. 

tE^f WELL  MACHINERY™* 

All  kinds  of  tools.  Fortune  for  the  driller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  process;  can  take  acore.  Perfected  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pumping  Riga  to  work  bv  Steam.  Air,  etc 
Letuahslpyou.  TIIF.  AMEKT*  AN  fl'liUWOBKS, 

Airorv*  111-!    t'hioesoj  Jll.i    Dallaa,  Tex. 


January  12,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


29 


A  Titled  Metallurgist. 


The  recenl   death  of  Lord  Swansea 

ends   the   h rable  career  <>f  a  busy 

man  who  did  much  for  mankind,  He 
was  on  tiiis  coasl  last  fall.  The  life 
and  labors  of  this  peer  of  tin-  British 
realm  contain  an  element  of  more  than 
passing  interest.  I  If  was  what  is 
sometimes  in  England  termed  a  "la- 
boring lord."  For  more  than  fifty 
years  he  worked  with  indomitable  en- 
ergy in  thi'  building  up  of  one  of  the 
largest  industrial  enterprises  on  earth. 
The  possessor  of  a  title  and  vast 
wealth,  then-  was  little  of  the  aristo- 
crat about  him.  His  friends  were 
among  the  masses  very  largely;  there 
were  few  among  the  thousands  of  men 
who  labored  c hi  his  great  estates  but 
admired  and  loved  liim.  Lord  Swansea 
was  a  man  of  genial  nature  and  kindly 
heart.  The  poor  in  his  borough  were 
his  especial  care.  It  is  said  that 
among  the  laboring  classes  he  was  (he 
'most  popular  peer  in  all  the  British 
realm. 

Lord  Swansea  was  born  at  Singleton, 
Wales,  in  1821.  He  graduated  at 
Katon  in  1842.  The  following  year  he 
took  charge  of  the  extensive  business 
of  Vivian  A  Sons,  Liverpool.  Three 
years  later  he  assumed  the  manage- 
ment of  his  father's  business  at  Swan- 
sea. The  operations  at  that  time 
were  confined  to  copper  smelting; 
but  hi'  developed  the  manufacture 
of  spelter,  or  zinc,  introducing  an  en- 
tirely aew  system  and  raising  the  pro- 
duction enormously.  In  184U  Lord 
Swansea,  then  plain  Hussey  Vivian, 
commenced  the  extraction  of  silver 
from  copper  by  a  process  which  he  per- 
fected. In  18fil)  he  introduced  the 
Platner  process  of  extracting  gold. 
Five  years  later,  under  his  direction, 
the  great  works  at  Swansea  began 
turning  out  nickel  aud  cobalt.  In  1S46 
he  undertook  to  deal  witli  the  ex- 
tremely difficult  problem  of  condensing 
copper  smoke  and  producing  valuable 
products  therefrom.  His  labors  in  this 
respect  were  successful  in  a  marked 
degree.  In  order  to  utilize  the  sul- 
phuric acid  caused  by  the  condensation 
of  copper  smoke,  Lord  Swansea  found 
it  necessary  to  erect  alkali  works, 
works  for  refining  sulphuric  acid,  also 
superphosphate  works.  These  were  all 
novelties  in  their  day. 

The  town  of  Swansea  is  the  parent 
home  of  the  smelting  industries  of  the 
world.  Lord  Swansea  was  without 
doubt  one  of  the  greatest  metallurgists 
of  the  century;  the  study  of  metals 
and  the  methods  of  treating  ore  became 
a  passion  with  him.  There  is  not  a 
mining  camp  in  America  where  his 
name  is  not  familiarly  associated  with 
these  subjects.  He  was  a  recognized 
authority  upon  the  subjects  of  mining; 
there  was  a  time  when  most  of  the  ore 
mined  in  any  part  of  the  world  was 
sent  to  Swansea  to  be  treated  in  the 
mammoth  works  which  the  ability  and 
energy  of  this  remarkable  man  practi- 
cally established. 


Deep   Snow. 


...The  Comet  Crusher 

FRASER  &  CHALMERS  is  brought  again  to  the 
FOREGROUND  by  the  decision  of  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court,  May  19, 
1894,  concluding  a  long  course  of  litigation  between  makers  of  the 
Gates  Crusher  and  Fraser  &  Chalmers  in  favor  of  Fraser  &  Chalmers, 
and    all    costs    and    expenses   to    the    makers  of   the  Gates  Crushers. 


FRASER    &    CHALMERS, 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.S.A. 

43  ThreadneedleSt.,  E.  C,  LONDON,  ENG. 
WORKS  AT 

Chicago,  III.  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 

BRANCH    OFFICES: 

2  Wall  Street.   N.    V.;    City  of  Mexico,    Mex.; 

Salt  Lake  City,   Utah;   Helena,  Montana;  527 

17th  Street,  Denver,   Colorado. 

•••••••• 

MINING  AND  ORE  TREATING  MACHINERY 
OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

HUNTINGTON  CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  MILLS, 
ROOT'S  BLOWERS,  SMELTING  FURNACES,  etc. 


•  •• 


RIEDLER  PUMPS  AND  AIR  COMPRESSORS 
CORLISS  ENGINES,  BOILERS,  ETC. 


Electrical  Engineering' Co., 


MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

^  -,,,1^  'llli'iilil  ■  IIIIIMBHBfflMllffllll  ■ 

**,..     '''■  '^'i'jLnniX ''"'""1'illWlliiiiiP  -       And  aij  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required, 

•f-f-f  A    SPECIALTY,  -f-f-f 
OFFICE    /\rND    U/ORKSi      3-4-     and     3*5    /Wain     Street,     San     Francisco,    Cal. 


noticed  in  one  place  where  the  wind 
had  swept  the  snow  from  about  the 
bole  of  a  tree  that  it  was  fully  ten  feet 
down  to  one  of  the  shingles  to  which 
we  have  alluded.  He  and  others  who 
were  familiar  with  the  snow  that 
winter  estimate  that,  had  it  been  meas- 
ured as  it  fell,  it  would  have  reached  a 
depth  of  at  least  140  feet.— Oroville 
Register,  Dec.  27th. 


The  depth  of  snow  on  the  high 
Sierras  at  this  season  of  the  year  and 
after  a  heavy  storm  is  almost  incred- 
ible. Travellers  through  the  moun- 
tains have  observed  with  wonder 
shingles  nailed  upon  the  sides  of  trees 
from  fifteen  to  twenty-five  feet  from 
the  ground,  and  question  whether  the 
snow  ever  fell  as  deep  as  indicated  by 
these  shingles. 

Mr.  E.  A.  Halstead,  who  crossed  the 
mountains  many  times  for  twelve  suc- 
cessive years  between  Oroville  and 
Quincy,  says  during  the  severe  winter 
of  four  years  ago  snow  fell  to  a  depth  of 
forty  feet  from  Buckeye  to  the  Toll 
Gate;  that  on  one  occasion  the  mail 
carrier,  after  a  hard  storm,  crossed 
over  the  peak  of  the  Buckeye  House 
without  seeing  the  building,    although 

I  it  reached  a  height  of  thirty-eight  feet 
above  the  ground.  The  Letter  Box 
hotel  was  so  completely  covered  that  it 
required  thirty-two  steps  from  the  top 
of  the  snow  down  to  the  second-story 
window.  For  a  distance  of  ■  two  or 
three  miles  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Letter 
Box  where  the  snow  had  drifted  the 
banks  were  fully  100  feet  deep.      He 


Horse  owners  should  understand 
that  their  animals  are  peculiarly  liable 
to  injury  from  contact  with  electric 
currents.  This  is  not  due  to  the 
physical  structure  of  the  horse,  but  to 
other  causes,  some  of  which  are  in  a 
degree  preventable.  The  safety  of  a 
horse  depends  upon  the  skill  of  the 
blacksmith  to  some  extent.  The  au- 
thority named  points  out  that  the 
shoes  offer  a  large  surface  for  contact 
and  the  nails  conductors  by  which  the 
current  may  enter  the  body,  although 
the  sole  of  the  hoof  itself  is  an  insulator. 
The  animal's  weight  aids  the  contact, 
and  a  wet  fetlock  increases  the  danger. 
Blacksmiths,  therefore,  should  not 
drive  the  nails  to  the  "quick"  and  the 
fetlocks  should  be  trimmed. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

.--^Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof.  <* 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS  and   Preserving  Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F>.  Sc  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  «i™«2J25&££ 


20-Stamp  Mill   for  Sale. 

In  Southern  California,  a  20-stamp  Gold  Quartz 
Mill,  with  engine,  boiler,  self-feeders,  rock- 
breaker,  etc. 

As  the  premises  are  adjacent  to  Railroad,  the 
Mill  could  be  conveniently  removed.  Can  be  had 
at  low  price  for  cash.  Address:  "Quartz  Mill," 
care  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  San  Fran- 
cisco. 

Unitarian  literature  sent  free  by  the 
Channing  Auxiliary  of  the  First  Unitarian 
Church,  cor.  Geary  and  Franklin  Sts.,  San 
Francisco.  Address  as  above.  Mention  this 
paper.  * 


Rama  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 


23  Park  Place, 


New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


Monadnoclt  Building i>muagu 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

SherbrookP.O Canada 

Apartado830 City  ot  Meaico 


30 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  12,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Feancisco,  Jan.  10,  1S95. 

The  00  mark  has  been  reached  during  the 
week,  in  silver.  Financiers  in  and  out  of 
Wall  street  are  now  giving  serious  considera- 
tion to  the  question  of  what  would  happen  if 
Japan  should  insist  that  China  pay  the  war 
indemnity  in  gold  or  silver.-  As  has  already 
been  announced,  Japan  proposes  to  make  a 
demand  upon  China  for  an  indemnity  of  some- 
thing like  500,000,000  yen.  The  unit  of  ac- 
count in  Japan  is  the  yen,  of  which  there  are 
three  kinds— gold,  silver  and  paper.  The  sil- 
ver yen  is  about  the  size  of  the  American 
standard  dollar.  It  contains  a  trifle  more  sil- 
ver, being  composed  of  416  grains,  900  fine, 
while  the  American  dollar  contains  418% 
grains  of  like  fineness.  The  gold  yen  is  a 
very  small  fraction  lighter  than  the  American 
gold  dollar.  It  contains  25%  grains  of  gold  of 
900  fine,  while  the  American  gold  dollar  is 
composed  of  25.8  grains.  The  paper  yen, 
which  circulates  only  in  Japan,  occupies  a 
place  similar  to  our  greenback  and  national 
bank  currency.  It  is  convertible  into  sil- 
ver. But  little  is  known  outside  of  the  em- 
pire in  regard  to  the  fiscal  policy  of  that 
country.  Prior  to  the  present  war  with  China 
the  Empire  of  Japan  had  in  circulation  some- 
thing like  24,000,000  paper  yen,  which  were 
convertible  into  silver. 

In  addition  to  this  the  Bank  of  Japan  had 
about  105,000,000  yens  in  paper  in  circulation, 
which  was  also  convertible  into  silver.  There 
was  no  uncovered  paper  in  circulation  in  the 
Empire  prior  to  1893.  Japan's  system  of  coin- 
age corresponds  very  closely  to  that  of  the 
United  States,  with  the  yen  as  the  unit  of 
account.  The  subsidiary  coinage  consists  of 
the  half  yen,  quarter  yen,  twentieth  yen, 
with  minor  bronze  coinage.  The  largest  gold 
coinage  is  the  five  yen.  Japan  possesses  gold 
and  silver  mines,  which  belong  to  the  imperial 
house.  They  yield  about  $2, 000, 000  annually. 
It  is  now  the  belief  of  those  who  have  been 
watching  the  struggle  between  the  two 
nations — China  and  Japan — that  the  latter 
will  exact  the  indemnity  above  alluded  to  in 
gold.  In  such  an  event  it  does  not  require  a 
prophet  to  tell  what  will  occur.  To  exact  five 
or  six  hundred  million  yen  in  gold  from  China, 
a  nation  that  is  on  a  silver  basis,  means 
rough  sailing  for  nearly  every  nation  in  ex- 
istence that  is  on  a  gold  basis.  The  nation 
that  would  first  feel  the  effects  of  such  a  de- 
mand would  be  the  United  States. 
New  York  Prices. 

New  Yoke,  Jan.  10.— Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, — Silver  in . 

London.    jV.  Y.     Copper,      Lead. 

Friday 27%        59?i  9  50  3  00 

Saturday 27*4       59«         9  40  3  00 

Monday 27*4        59  %  

Tuesday .27M       59«         ....  ...... 

Wednesday 27?6       60  ....  

Thursday 27'/a       59$£  ....  

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7(5)3 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Dralt 10c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 12*4c 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.88 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.89*4 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 59S£ 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 50*4@51 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 
ANTIMONY. 

Perlb —    ®      10 

BORAX. 

Refined,  In  car  lots —    @       5*4 

Powdered,         "      —    @       5*4 

Concentrated,  "      —    @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @      — 

Sheathing 21    @     — 

i  Ingot,  jobbing —    @      17 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @     14 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 525    @550 

IRON. 

American  Sott 14  00    <a>16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00    @18  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14    @     16 

PIG  TIN. 

Perlb 17    @      — 

LEAD. 

Pig —    @      3  96 

Bar —    @      4  50 

Sheet —    @     5  25 

Pipe —    @      4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs . . .  $1  25 

Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "...  145 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do.     "  "...  145 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    ® 

COAL. 
SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $750 

Greta 7  50 

Nanaimo 6  25 

Oilman : 5  75 

Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 5  50 

Cannel 8  00 

Egg,  hard 12  00 

Wallsend 7  00 

Scotch  Splint 7  50 

7  50 

8  00 


Brymbo. ... 

West  Hartley 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  25 

Liverpool  Steam 6  25 

Scotch  Splint, 

Cardiff 

Lehigh  Lump ' 8  50 

Cumberland 8  50 

Egg,  hard 9  00 

West  Hartley 7  00 

COKE. 

English,  to  load 9  00 

"        spot,  in  bulk 

"        in  sacks 

Cumberland 9  00 

On  the  first  inst. 


9  50 

11  50 

12  50 


the  valuation  of  foreign 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

OomvQed  Every  Thwsdav  from  Advertisements  in  tile  Mininy  and  Scientific  Preas  and  Other  San  Francisco  Journals 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Amt.        Levied,  Delinq't  and  Sile.  Secretary. 

...10c Nov  28,  Jan     3,  Jan  24 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

...5c Dec    11,  Jan   16,  Feb  15 J  E  Jacobus, 309  Montgomery 

...15c Jan    8,  Feb  28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

,  .25c Nov  23,  Dec   29,  Jan   23 A  B  Thompson,  309  Montgomery 

.  ,25c...  Dec     5,  Jan     8,  Jan  29 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

...15c... Nov  19,  Dec   27,  Jan   21 M  E  Willis.  309  Montgomery 

.25c Dec    10,  Jan    14,  Feb    4 RB  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

25c. ...Dec    11,  Jan    14,  Feb    5 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

.  .  2c... Dec  31,  Feb   11,  April  3.  .John  H  Isham,  room  33,  Mills  Bldg. 

.  ,20c... Dec     4,  Jan     7,  Jan  28 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

...5c Nov  19, Dec  26,  Jan  16 D  C  Bates,  309  Montgomery 

...20c. ..Nov  22,Dec  27,  Jan   16 C  C  Harvey.  309  Montgomery 

MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Bate. 
EL  Parker,  309  Montgomery Jan  16 


Company  and.  Location.  No. 

AltaSMCo.Nev 48. 

BulwerConM  Co,  Cal 10. 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev 1. 

Hale  &  Norcross,  Nev 106. 

Mexican  G  &  S  M  Co,  Nev 51. 

Mono  GM  Co,  Cal 34. 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 64. 

Potosi  M  Co,  Nevada 43. 

Reed  M  &  M  Co,  Nev 1. 

Savage  M  Co,  Nev 85. 

Silver  Hill,  Nev 34. 

Union  Con  SM  Co,  Nev 50. 

Company  and  Location. 
Sierra  NevadaMCo.Nev 


coins  was  fixed  as  follows  by  the  director  of 
the  Mint : 

Jan.  1. 

Boliviano  of  Bolivia $0  45.5 

Peso,  Central  American  States 45.5 

Shanghai  Tael  of  China 67.3 

Haikwan  Tael  of  China 74.9 

Peso  of  Colombia 45.5 

Sucre  of  Ecuador 45.5 

Rupee  of  India 21.6 

Yen  of  Japan 49.1 

Dollar  of  Mexico 49.5 

Sol  of  Peru 45.5 

Ruble  of  Russia 36.4 

Mahbub  of  Tripoli 41.1 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  10.  1895. 

There  was  a  strong  market  for  Comstock 
shares  during  the  week.  The  Con.  Cal.  &  Va. 
declared  a  regular  monthly  dividend  of  25 
cents  per  share,  payable  next  Tiiesday.  The 
annual  election  of  officers  of  the  San  Francisco 
Stock  Exchange  takes  place  next  Monday. 
The  following  nominations  have  been  made  .' 
George  I.  Ives,  president;  A.  B.  Ruggles, 
vice-president;  O.  V.  Walker,  chairman;  F. 
W.  Hadley,  secretary ;  George  T.  MaryeJr., 
treasurer';  committee  on  membership,  George 
C.  Hickox,  James  Paterson,  H.  H.  Shinn, 
Joseph  B.  Dyer,  Charles  H.  Stoutenborough, 
Charles  D.  Laing  and  J.  B.  Fitch. 

The  following  shows  the  cash  balances  of 
some  of  the  mining  companies  on  the  7th  inst.  : 


Alpha 

Alta.. 


$8,172  Julia $96 

3,118  Kentucli. 2,843 

Andes 9,254  Lady  Wash'n 2,625 

Belcher 2,816  Mono 3,690 

Best  &  Belcher 20,722  Mexican 629 

Bullion 5,436  Navajo 202 

Bodie 17,066  Nevada  Queen —  495 

Caledonia 3,875  Occidental 752 

Challenge 1,241  Ophir 512 

Chollar 8,458  Overman 9,161 

Con. Imperial 1,335Potosi 1,810 

Confidence l,323jSavage 1,123 

Con.  New  York. .. .     1,556  Scorpion 1,352 

Con.  Cal 160,607  Seg.  Belcher 1,725 

Crown  Point 662  Silver  Hill 1,625 

E.  Sierra  Nevada.       SS8  Sierra Nevada. . . .  5,892 

EXL-hrqun-                     '-','.''.'*  SlamUu'd  Cou 4H.36-J 

Gould  &  Curry 3,329  Syndicate 936 

Grand  Prize 1.026  Union  Con 18,375 

Hale  &  Norcross . .  25,726|Utah 3,053 

Justice 542 

The  indebtedness  of  other  companies  on  that 
date  is  reported  as  follows : 

Commonwealth....  $16,247|Mexican.. $1,000 

North  Belle  Isle..        442  Occidental 550 

N.  Commonwealth    3,263| 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 

3 

10 

$      12 

$      10 

50 

36 
68 
97 
80 
23 

87 

61 

1  10 

80 

42 

52 

85 
3  80 

46 

81 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

3  95 

70 

69 

42 
1  15 
24 
64 
1  60 
22 
39 
27 
55 

44 

1  10 

27 

1  10 

2  05 

21 

35 

68 

66 

06 

42 

68 

San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  10, 1895, 
9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

300  Alta 47  100 

150  Andes 37  2O0  Justice. 

300  Belcher 58  155  Kentuck 


100  Best  &  Belcher ...  1  00 

150 1  05 

200Bulwer 09 

100  Challenge 42 

100  Chollar 46 

100  Con  Cal  &  Va 3  80 

50  Confidence 79 

225  Con.  Imperial 01 

200  Crown  Point 63 

100  Hale  &Noroross..l  05 


100  Mexican 

50 

100  L.  Wash 

900  Ophir 

550  Overman 

400  Potosi 

200  S.  B.  &  M 

100  Sierra  Nevada.. 
300  Yellow  Jacket., 


SECOND  SESSION— 2:  30  P.  M. 


100  Alpha 10;300  Kentuck  . 

300  Alta... 50U50  Mexican  . 

400 49  300 

200  Belcher 61 

500 Best  &  Belcher.. ..1  05 
100 1  10 

50  Bodie 80 

50  C.  C.  V 3  90 

350  3  95 

100  Crown  Point '. '. '.     '.    69 

50  Confidence 80 

50 81 

200  G  &  C 44 

100  Hale  &  Norcross..  1  10 
300  Justice 


400  Ophir , 

500  Overman 

300  Potosi 

100 

300  Silver  Hill 

200  Sierra  Nevada.... 

200 

200  Union 

300 

200  Utah 

300  Yellow  Jacket.... 
50 


07 
.  05 
.  10 
!  05 

21 

33 

34 

06 

67  ' 

68  I 

65  I 

66  | 


List  of   U.   S.  Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported    by   Dewey    &    Co.,    Pioneer    Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


FOR  THE  WEEK  ENDING  JANUARY    1,  1895. 

531,990.— Bicycle  Canopy— M.  W.  Armstrong,  Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 
531,895.— Baling  Press— H.  Bailey,  Willamina,  Or. 
531,779.— Carburetor— E.   R.  Cook,  Sacramento, 

Cal. 
531,780.— Carburetor— E.   R.  Cook,    Sacramento, 

Cal. 
531.791.— Metallic  Bung— M.  Fischer,  S.  F. 
531,918.— Bicycle— J.  Forrest,  Medical  Lake,  Or. 
531,930.— Car— C.  S.  Hardy,  San  Diego,  Cal. 
5:-;i,6viti.—  Eraser— C.  R.  Pechin  S.  F. 
531,857.— Flour  Scoop— M.  E.  Peterson,  Igo,  Cal. 
531,807.— Gas  Engine  Starter— J.  W.  Raymond, 

S.  F. 

532,013.— Furnace— A.  Ropp,  s.  F. 

531,650.— Telephone  Indicator— Sabin  &  Hamp- 
ton, S.  F. 

531,8)2.— Label  Manipulator— J.  Stites,  Salem, 
Or. 

531,815.— Gluthes  Dkieu— Geo.  Wade,  San  Diego. 

531,818.— Voting  Machine— H.  Weber,  Temescal, 

531,672.— Vehicle  Brake— G.  W.  Wise,  Warner 
Lake,  Or. 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


iimong  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention: 

Metallic  Bushing. — Maximillian  Fischer, 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  No.  531,791.  Dated  Jan. 
1,  1895.  This  device  consists  of  a  bung  bush- 
ing, having  on  its  inner  edge  lugs  for  engag- 
ing the  jaws  of  an  insertable  wrench,  where- 
by the  bushing  may  be  easily  removed.  The 
wrench  has  expansible  and  contractable  jaws 
adapted  to  enter  into  and  engage  the  lugs  of 
the  bushing,  to  unscrew  it,  and  it  has  also  a 
threaded  stem  for  engaging  and  screwing  the 
bushing  into  place.  There  is  also  a  protecting 
plate  to  lie  upon  the  bung  stave  about  the 
bung  hole.  The  disadvantage  of  the  ordinary 
bung  is  that  the  hole  in  the  stave  being  large, 
it  weakens  the  stave  in  the  absence  of  a  pro- 
tecting plate,  and  the  bung  hole  is  injured  by 
the  rolling  around  of  the  keg,  its  pressure 
against  its  neighbor,  and  the  rough  handling 
it  receives  in  general.  Another  disadvantage 
is  the  impossibility  of  removing  the  ordinary 
bushing  without  breaking  the  stave.  This 
invention  remedies  these  objections  and  dis- 
advantages by  providing  a  bung  bushing 
which  can  both  be  inserted  and  removed  with 
facility,  and  by  providing  a  protecting  plate 
for  the  bung  stave. 

Roasting  Furnace.  —  Alfred  Ropp,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  No.  532,013.  Dated  Jan.  1, 
1895.  This  invention  relates  to  improvements 
in  furnaces  for  roasting  ores.  It  consists  of  a 
roasting  chamber  having  an  essentially  hori- 
zontal hearth,  a  central  longitudinal  truck  or 
car  chamber  exterior  to  the  roasting  chamber, 
and  connected  therewith  by  a  narrow  longi- 
tudinal slot,  a  car  or  truck,  a  means  for  im- 
pelling the  same  in  the  car  chamber,  a  frame 
projecting  through  the  slot  into  the  roasting 
chamber,  and  a  rake  or  rabble  connected  with 
said  arm  so  that  it  will  rake  the  material  on 
the  hearth  at  both  sides  of  the  slot.  A  cable 
is  connected  with  the  car,  and,  passing  around 
direction  pulleys  exterior  to  the  furnace  and 
the  car  chamber,  acts  to  first  move  the  car 
through  the  chamber  with  the  rakes  traveling 
through  the  roasting  chamber,  then  carries  it 
around  exterior  to  the  furnace,  and  again  in- 
troduces it  into  the  chamber  at  the  opposite 
end.  In  conjunction  with  this  apparatus  are 
automatically  operated  doors  which  open  to 
allow  the  passage  of  the  car  and  rakes  and 
close  after  such  passage,  and  a  mechanism  by 
which  the  ore  is  fed  into  the  furnace  as  fast 
as  needed. 

Voting  Apparatus. —  H.  Weber,  North 
Temescal.  No.  531,818.  Dated  Jan.  1,  1895. 
This  invention  relates  to  an  apparatus  which 
is  designed  for  the  casting  and  recording  of 
votes.  It  consists  of  a  table  having  inde- 
pendent slots  for  the  reception  of  disks,  each 
of  which  represents  a  vote ;  independent  re- 
ceivers situated  beneath  each  of  the  slots; 
chambered  guard  bars  adapted  to  receive  the 
disks  and  direct  them  into  their  respective 
slots,  and  movable  stops  by  which  the  disks 
are  supported  and  prevented  from  falling  into 
the  receivers,  and  a  mechanism  by  which  the 
stops  are  removod  after  all  the  disks  are  de- 
posited to  allow  the  latter  to  fall  simultane- 
ously into  the  receivers.  Guard  covers  are 
made  to  slide  over  the  other  slots  for  the 
same  office,  so  that  but  one  vote  can  be  cast 
for  each  office,  and  suitable  mechanism  is  em- 
ployed for  operating  the  stop  plates  to  allow 
the  disks  to  fall  when  all  have  been  deposited. 
An  indicating  disk  is  connected  with  a  mech- 
anism to  show  how  many  votes  have  been  de- 
posited, and  the  disks  are  received  into 
tubular  chambered  receivers  having  numbers 
to  indicate  the  number  of  disks  and  votes  in 
each  of  the  receivers. 


MINING 


Diplomas  Awarded.  Courses  In  other  trades,  all 
including-  thoroug-h  instruction  in  Mathematics  and 
Physics.  Send  for  FREE  Circular,  stating-  subject 
you  wish  to  study,  to  The  Correspondence  School 
of  Mines,  Scranton,  Pa. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION  having- 
received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic  pro- 
cess from  Mello  &  Costa,  In  the  Spring  Valley  mine, 
near  Cherokee.  Butte  Co..  to  deposit  tailings  on  flat 
ground;  from  H.  E.  Picket,  in  the  Kentucky  Plat 
mine,  near  Georgetown.  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  deposit 
tailings  behind  a  dam  in  North  Otter  creek;  from 
Wm.  Johnson,  in  hiB  mine  near  Volcano.  Amador 
Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  in  Clapboard 
guich ;  from  El  Dorado  Water  and  Deep  Gravel  Min- 
ing Co..  in  the  Henrietta  mine,  near  Placervllle,  El 
Dorado  Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a  1 
dry  ravine;  from  Leroy  Hedge,  in  his  mine  near 
Brownsville.  Yuba  Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  • 
dam  in  a  ravine;  from  Rolland  &  Vanderburg,  in 
the  Epley  mine,  near  Placervllle.  El  Dorado  Co.,  to 
deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a  ravine;  from  the  . 
York  Mining  Co.,  in  itB  mine  near  Brownsville, 
Yuba  Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  in.  a 
ravine;  front  Hancock  &  Daly,  in  the  Last  Chance 
mine,  near  Placervllle,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  deposit 
tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a  ravine:  from  Goodman. 
Bros,  and  Goodman  &  Bund,  in  their  mines  near 
Volcano,  Amador  Co..  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a 
dam  In  Ashland  creek;  from  Hadley  &  Bolles,  in  the 
49  Plat  mine,  near  Volcano,  Amador  Co.,  to  impound  . 
tailings  behind  a  dam  In  49  gulch;  and  from  G.  A. 
Melnecke  et  al.,  in  the  Pine  Gold  mine,  near  Valli- 
clta.  Calaveras  Co..  to  impound  tailings  behind 
dams  in  a  dry  ravine,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting 
will  be  held  at  Room  No.  'Ji.  Flood  Building,  San 
Francisco.  Cal..  on  Jan.  14. 1895.  at  1:80  p.  m. 


Notice  of  Assessment. 

REED  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY-Location 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works,  Ferguson  Mining  Dis- 
trict, Heleue.  Lincoln  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  ISlst  day  of  Decem- 
ber, 18SI4.  an  assessment  (No.  1)  of  two  (2)  cents  per 
share,  was  levied  upon  the  capital  *tock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  33.  tenth  floor,  Mills  Building.  San  Francisco, 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  28th  day  of  February,  1895, 
will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction,  and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  3d  day  of  April,  1S95, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
cost  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

JOHN  H.  ISHAM.  Secretary. 
Office.   Room    33.    tenth   floor.  Mills  Building,  San 

Prancisco,  California. 


DEWEY  &  CO.     m 

Patent  Agents,\^ 


-♦  THE  ♦- 


Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J.  F.  KEMP,  A.B..E.  M.,  Professor  of  Geology 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 

Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  New 
Illustrations. 

A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coast.  Sent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $4.00.    Address 

Mining:  and  Scientific  Press, 

220  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


DIVIDEND     NOTICE, 

THE  GERMAN  SAVINGS  AND  LOAN  SOCIETY 

526  California  Street. 

For  the  half  year  ending  December  31,  1894,  a 
dividend  has  been  declared  at  the  rate  of  five  (5) 
per  cent  per  annum  on  Term  Deposits,  and  four 
and  one-sixth  (4  1-6)  per  cent  per  annum  on  Ordi- 
nary Deposits,  payable  on  and  after  WEDNES- 
DAY, January  2, 1895, 

GEO.  TOTJRNY,  Secretary. 


AGENTS  g75  a  week 

using  or  Belling  PRACTICAL 
PLATING  DYNAMO.Tbemod- 
ern  method,  used  in  alt  factories 
to  place  new  goods.  Plates  gold, 
silver,  nickel,  etc  .  on  watches, 
jewelry,  table-ware,  bicycles  and 
all  metal  goods;  One  outlita  for 
agents;  different  sizes;  always 
ready;  no  battery;  no  toy;  no 
experience;  no  limit  to  plating 
needed;  s  great  money  t 


W.  P.  HARRISON  &  CO.,  Clerk  No.  15,  Columbus,  0! 


January   12,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


31 


An  Unwise  Law. 

The  county  clerk  lias  recorded  nearly 
Tun  lodes  upon  which  annual  work  has 

not  i n  done.      This  represents  a  loss 

to  the  laboring  miners  of  nearly  170, 
000,  as  fully  sixty  percent  of  those  who 
took  advantage  of  the  law  are  non-resi- 
dents and  amply  able  to  pay  for  the 
work,  while  a  majority  of  the  remain- 
ing forty  per  oenl  were  also  able  to 
have  the  work  done.  The  lau  is  against 
every  interest  in  mining  so  far  at  i 
Creek  county  is  concerned.  Ii  prevents 
tin'  employment  of  labor  when  the 
miner  is  in  the  most  need  of  it.  as  well 
as  the  development  of  lodes  and  the 
Boding  of  paying  ore  bodies.  George- 
town Courier. 


r 


Tiik  Geographical  Society  of  the  Pa- 
cific will  hold  its  annual  election  for 
directors  and  councillors  January  15th. 
The  paper  promised  by  the  Hon.  Jere- 
miah Lynch,  on  the  recent  discoveries 
in  Egypt,  is  n.it  yet  completed  for  the 
society.  We  learn  that  Professor 
Schaeberle,  the  well-known  astronomer 
of  the  Lick  Observatory,  is  also  ex- 
pected to  address  the  members  at  an 
early  date. 


RUPTURE! 

bwfl  bean  comilderad  by  the  medical 
profession  thai  berate— commonly  called 
rapture— was  Incurable,  except  bj  inrgl- 
oej  operation]  which  u  both  dangreroiu 
to  life  and  wry  nirriy  ever  inooeMfuli  itut 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  ..f  06  end  «:  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  baa  opened  it  new  Bold  tor 
research!  end  tor  iii«-  panl  year  has  been  nmk- 
Lng  tome  remarkable  cures,  lit-  causes  ih«* 
put  it-lit  no  piiin,  ittid  those  living  uear  enough 

do   mi.i    lose  any   time  only   while   In    hi-.    offlOO 

oiH-c  »r  twice  weekly,  lie  guarantees  every 
case  lie  treatSi  and  does  not.  »nk  a  man  for  a 

dollar  unless  lie  cures  hint,  ho  there  ciiii  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  helug  cheated.  The  doctor 
Im  i\  graduate  of  itellevue  Hnnpital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


Attention    Hiners  ! 

W.  W.  MONTAGUE  &  CO. 


ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


INVENTORS,      Take       Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 
i  226  Market  St.,  n.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 

1  pH.wriscu.  Bxperlmei 
of  models*.  Tin  and  o 
llone  strict! u  o'lifl'ti  n< i'lt. 


blurry  ami  all  kinds 
HworVc.    All   communion- 


The  Ideal  Steam  Oil  Refiner 

FOR    STEAM     POWER    PLANTS. 

The  Purity  Oil  Filter 

FOR    WATER    POWER    PLANTS. 

Will  reclaim  your  waste  ull  and  make  it  equal  aud  often  better  thau  ue.v  oil.    Will  reduce  your  oil 
bill-,  50  per  cent  and  save  your  bearings.    In  use  with  the  largest  and  best  plants  everywhere. 
For  prices  and  particulars,  address 

D.    /V\.    DOOB,    137  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Hendrie  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co., 

DENVER.     COLORADO. 

LATEST    IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic    Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 


IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 

General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  ah  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET,  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL& CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 
DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS. 

220  market  St,,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  co  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  iu  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  nut  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.F. 


Riv/e^te-d   Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  HHnlug,  Mills  11ml  Power  Plants.  "^^ 

EHON,  'TT.  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOB  MAKING  PIPE  ON  Till! 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED 

309  to  317  market  Street,  San  Francisco. 


Mining    F*ipe ! 


STEEL  Ok  IRON.— We  make  pipe  ol  either,  but  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  mam 

particulars  and  inferior  in  nunc. 
COATING — We  us.-  great  care  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Refined  Asphaltum 

und  Maltha. 
COMPETITORS.— our  competitors  say  we  have  iii«-  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


*  PLACER  AMALGAMATORS  * 

*  * 

Combined  with  Steam  Shovel  or  Dredge. 

BUCVRUS     SYSTEM. 

NEW  METHOD  OF  PLACER  MINING. 

Saves  :ill  the  Gold.    Uses  very  little  Water.    Treats  large  quantities  at  Low  Cost 

Built  solely  by  the 

BUCYRUS  STEAM  SHOVEL  AND  DREDGE  COMPANY, 

South  /Vlllwaukee,  \A/Is.,  U.  S.  f\. 


«*"  Send  for  Price    List. 


THE    JUDSON 

Dynamite  and  Powder  Co. 


■  MANUFACTURERS  OF  - 


Dynamite  and  Blasting  Powders, 

300  Market  Street,  San  Francisco. 

DIRECTORS— Alvinza  Hay  ward,  Jos.  Knowland,  Bart  lett  Doe.C.  S.  Benedict,  Ed.  G.  Lukens  (President  1. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     C/\ST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories -of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  thuu  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS,  Agent,  220  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies.         Stamp  Cam. 


STAMP"  DIES. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


32 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  12,  1895. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address:     "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 


<^ss^r\ANUFACTURERS    OF^-s^ 


Johnston's  Concentrator,       BryanJVUlls, 

Chsdlen^^^^^^        /  ir  Compressors, 

MINmT^  an^AOISTING  PLANTS. 

— ^  /  — — 

DOW    STEAM     PUMr3    WORKS, 


OFFICE  AND  WORKS, 


114  AND  116  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO, 

^aaaOBBS*    ^Manufacturers    of    -^^asann—^' 


Dow's  Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Single  or  Duplex,  for  Every  Possible  Duty. 

Mining  Pumps, 


Irrigation  Pumps, 


v4*£ 


Artesian  Well  Engines 

Etc.,  Etc. 


INDEPENDENT  AIR  PUMP  AND  CONDENSER 

For  Stationary  Engines  or  Steam  Pumps. 

POU/ER      PUMPING      mACHINERY, 

Speed  Governors. 


BALANCE  VALVES  AND  PRESSURE  REGULATORS 

FOR  STEAn  PUMPS. 
Etc.,     Etc.,     Etc. 

Correspondence  Solicited.    Send  tor  OiiUtlogue. 


******  THE     PRICES  ****** 

Ingcrsoll-Sargcant 2L  brills  and  Compressors 

HAVE     BEEN     REDUCED. 

^^aaUJBZ^^  SEND  FOK  CATALOGUE  AND  ESTIMATE  TO  -"^Kmyrrn..    -^ 

PARKE  &   LACY  CO.,   Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 


2\    andi    .23     Fremont    Street,    San     Francisco,    Gal. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 


Hoists, 
Pumps, 

nth  Street.  r 

Fans, 


Sun  Francisco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON.  Manager. 

Denver,  Col 1316  Eightee: 

W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent. 

New  York  Citv 26    Cortlaiult  Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  111 509  Home  Ins.  Building.        Compressors, 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange.        DOI  leTS, 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 


niNE  m  BELL  B  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force  in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 

F7?^  iSPi,!.01!"  LENIENCE  OP  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  12  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
a...l  „,  r2?!2,^<„  ,  '  P.1SSS:  ,y  .,e  state  Legislature  and  approved  Maroh  8,  1893.  The  law  Is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  of  Miue  Bell  Signals  to  Be  Used  in  All  Mines  Operated  in  the 
Street  San  Franctsoo  Cat         eoUon  ot  Mlnern."  We  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  cloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  50  oents  a  copy.    MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  280  Market 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLUME    l   \\. 

Niiinli.r  3. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  19,  1895. 


TIIKKK  DOLLARS   I'KK   ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  'IVn  Cents, 


Mining  Reports  and  Mine  Salting.'' 

N  I   MULK    II. 
Ily    \V  VI.TKH   .M'  iDSRMOl  1. 

Mim  Sailing. — There  are  all  degrees  of  "  fixing  a 
mine" — from  the  legitimate  showing  of  its  best 
features  by  not  taking  out  all  the  rich  ore  before 
offering  for  sale,  or  by  varying  degrees  of  skuldug- 
gery up  to  the  palpable  salting  of  mines,  dumps  and 
expert's  samples.  In  the  less  illegitimate  stages 
much  can  be  done,  and  very  frequently  is  done,  in 
the  way  of  a  judicious  stoping  of  faces  in  good  ore, 
and  by  the  observing  of  a  discreet  silence  as  to  past 
weaknesses  and  irregularities  of  the  ore  deposits. 
In  such  cases  it  is  simply  the  ordinary  com- 
mercial position  of  "let  the  buyer  beware," 
and  the  expert  has  to  show  by  his  report  if  he 
has  experience,  observation  and  sense  enough 
to  form  a  sound  judgment  as  to  value. 

In  a  mine  which  is  thus  carefully  prepared 
for  selling,  it  is  not  at  all  uncommon  for  the 
owner  to  go  beyond  the  legitimate  limit  al- 
ready indicated,  and  to  misrepresent  facts  by 
filling  up  or  concealing  old  workings  which 
would,    if  examined,   produce   an  unfavorable 

impression         Trip  npvt  etop    in    tno     downward 

path  which  leads  to  a  hotter  place  (but  in   the 
meantime   also  sometimes  to  affluence)  is  the 
scooping  out  of  the   inside   of  apparently  solid 
blocks  of   good  ground  by  openings  afterward 
filled  up  or  timbered  over.     Some  of  the   most 
experienced   mining  men  and  engineers   have 
fallen   victims   to  this   and  the  previously  de- 
scribed course  of  conduct,    while   some    have 
just  escaped  being  caught  by  a  mere  accidental 
indication  of  the  fraud;  or  by  "  peaching  "   of 
some  miner  who  helped  in  the  work  and   had 
not  been  squared.     Naturally  the  danger  from 
the   sources   mentioned   is  much   less   in  new 
mines  of  limited  extent  than  in  old  mines  ex- 
tensively  developed.      In   a  mine   which    has 
been  worked  for   some   time  the  visiting  engi- 
neer is  at  a  great  disadvantage  as  compared 
with  the  men  who  have  worked  in  it  for  years, 
and   perhaps   devoted   their  greatest  skill  to 
making  not  only  a  good  record,  but  to  conceal- 
ing the  exhaustion  which  is  approaching.     It 
happens  occasionally,  also,  that  the  owners  complete 
their   work   by  "  picking  the  eyes  out  of  the  mine" 
in  the   interval   between    the   expert's  report   and 
the  turning  over  of  the  propertj'  to  the  purchasers. 
The  richer  the  nature  of  the  pay  ore  in  the  mine  the 
greater  the  danger  from    this    piece  of  rascality, 
which  needs  specially  providing  against  in  the  terms 
of  purchase  and  by  other  precautions. 

The  above  mentioned  very  real  and  not  uncommon 
dangers,  against  which  the  engineer  has  to  guard, 
are  not,  however,  "salting"  in  its  proper  and 
technical  sense,  which  is  generally  understood  as 
covering  any  interference  with  the  expert's  chance 
of  arriving  at  a  true  estimate  of  the  value  of  ore. 
The  salting  may  be  done  on  the  ore  before  the  ex- 
pert's arrival,  or  during  his  sampling,  or  on  his  sam- 
ples when  taken,  or  while  panning  or  assaying. 

.Although  cases  are  well  known  of  faces  in  a  mine 
being  salted  with  such  success  as  to  catch  the  un- 
wary, this  form  of  salting  is  usually  too  difficult  to 
carry  out,  and  too  superficial  in  character  to  offer 
much-  chance  of  catching  an  old    bird,     With  ore 

•Paper  read  on  Deo.  19,  1894.  at  the  meeting  of  the  Institute  of 
Mining  and  Metallurgy, 


dumps  and  alluvial  deposits  it  can  be  done  with 
better  chances  of  success,  but  is  naturally  of  an  ex- 
pensive nature  if  carried  out  on  a  really  systematic 

plan.  Cases  are  on  record  of  successful  salting  of 
alluvial  ground  with  precious  stones  as  well  as  with 
gold,  and  the  expert  must  clearly  be  on  the  watch 
against  this,  when  circumstances  allow  of  the  possi- 
bility of  its  occurrence.  With  ore  dumps  it  is  often 
very  easy  to  arrange  a  veneering  of  good  ore  over  a 
very  large  pile  of  poor  or  barren  rock,  and  then 
when  the  ingenious  gentleman  who  takes  samples 
"at  random"  comes  along  he  will  be  sure  to  obtain 
a  gratifying  result. 
A  good  many  years  ago  I  made  the   personal  ac- 


Silver-Lead  Smelting  Furnaces. 


The  accompanying  cut  was  made  from  a  photo- 
graph of  one  of  the  Omaha  &  Grant  Smelting  &  Re- 
fining Company's  latest  furnaces  in  their  Denver 
works,  and  is  similar  in  important  points  to  the 
silver-lead  smelting  furnace  of  to-day  in  the  most 
successful  equipments. 

The  furnace  now  in  general  use,  as  illustrated, 
bears  little  resemblance  to  that  of  sixteen  years  ago, 
when  water-jacket  furnace  smelting  was  in  its  infancy 
in  the  silver  mining  regions  of  the  Rocky  Mountains, 
and  is  the  outgrowth  of  the  experience  of  practical 
metallurgists  in  charge  of  great  smelting  establish- 
ments built,  owned  and  operated  by  practical 
business  men. 

The  early  furnaces  were  much  smaller  than 
now,  and  were  usually  circular  in  form,  though 
not  always  so.  They  were  confined  pretty 
closely  to  the  smelting  of  carbonate  ores. 
Smelting  grew  quickly  intoa  very  profitable 
business,  and  the  number  of  furnaces  in- 
creased rapidily.  Coincident  with  this  in- 
crease of  smelting  capacity  came  a  decrease 
in  the  output  of  strictly  carbonate  ores,  and  it 
became  necessary  to  adapt  the  smelting  fur- 
naces to  the  treatment  of  other  ores  than  the 
carbonates,  which  involved  the  use  of  roasting 
furnaces  for  sulphide  ores,  and  may  modifica- 
tions in  the  detail  of  construction  of  the  smelt- 
ing furnaces,  and  a  very  great  increase  in  size 
and  consequence  capacity,  producing  a  cor- 
responding economy  in  cost  of  ore  reduction. 

The  Colorado  Iron  Works  of  Denver,  Colo- 
rado, have  made  a  specialty  of  the  construc- 
tion and  erection  of  smelting  works  for  the 
last  fifteen  years.  They  built  the  furnaces 
of  the  Omaha  &  Grant  Smelting  &  Refining 
Co.,  of  Denver  and  others. 


SILVER  -  LEAD    SMELTING    FURNACE. 

quaintance  of  a  prepared  property  on  Lake  Superior. 
It  was  a  home-made  tin  mine.  There  had  been 
rumors  of  valuable  discoveries  of  tin  ore  on  the  north 
shore,  where  I  was  then  living;  and  late  one  autumn 
an  expedition  from  the  United  States  went  to  report 
on  it,  taking  an  experienced  Cornish  mining  captain 
for  the  necessary  technical  knowledge.  A  very  glow- 
ing report  was  issued,  and  a  company  formed;  rich 
samples  were  exhibited,  and  some  tin  run  out  of  them 
and  melted  into  spoons,  which  were  presented  to  the 
fortunate  shareholders.  At  that  time  the  north 
shore  was  inaccessible  for  six  months,  except  by  a 
tramp  of  200  miles  on  snow  shoes  to  where  I  was,  or 
359  miles  to  the  tin  property,  so  the  excitement  grew 
during  the  winter,  from  the  enchantment  which  dis- 
tance lends.  The  report  and  the  news  of  the  excite- 
ment reached  us  in  course  of  mail,  and  I  was  sent 
with  an  expedition  and  a  land  surveyor  to  report  on 
the  properties  and  take  up  land  adjoining  before 
navigation  opened,  and  before  any  one  else  could 
reach  the  spot,  which  needed  only  150  miles  of  snow 
shoeing  for  us.  A  good  deal  of  ingenuity  and  work 
had  been  expended  in  making  a  tin  vein,  and  a  town- 
"  {Cunt In  mil  mi  page   3f<.) 


A  large  number  of  letters  is  daily  re- 
ceived at  this  office  making  inquiry  regarding 
mining  sections,  the  purchase  of  machinery, 
the  relative  value  of  different  processes,  exist- 
ing mining  laws,  assaying,  etc.,  to  which 
answers,  so  far  as  possible,  are  sent.  Of  late 
there  are  an  unusual  number  of  inquiries  re- 
garding aluminum.  The  matter  is  mentioned  here 
to  suggest  that  there  is  little  use  in  sending  samples 
of  clay  as  illustrative  of  the  presence  and  supposed 
value  of  the  aluminum  in  it.  Every  clay  bank  is  an 
aluminum  deposit,  but  not  available  or  of  practical 
value  under  existing  conditions.  There  is  a  good 
deal  of  misinformation  and  some  humbug  about  this 
matter.  At  present  the  bauxites  and  cryolites  are 
the  only  paying  sources  of  the  light  metal,  and, 
despite  the  numerous  "  processes  "  announced,  no 
one  should  build  very  high  hopes  on  the  possession  of 
an  ordinary  clay  bank  regarding  the  aluminum  it 
contains.  Elsewhere  is  presented  an  article  on  the 
manufacture  of  aluminum  by  the  Hall  electric 
process. 


Recently  it  was  stated  in  these  columns  that  the 
best  degree  of  public  policy  required  no  more  such 
"suspension  of  assessment '' laws  as  those  enacted 
in  '93  and  '94.  This  opinion  is  emphasized.  Indeed, 
it  would  be  better  to  so  amend  or  interpret  existing 
law  as  to  put  into  practical  effect  what  is  manifestly 
true— that  the  working  of  a  mine  by  its  owners  is  a 
public  duty. 


34 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  19,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Office,  Xo.  too  Market  Street,  Northeast  corner  Front.  San  Francisco. 

t&-  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  1*2  Front  Street. 


Not  Proven. 


.*;  no 


S  1.20 

s.oo 

13.00 


Annual  Subscription 

Advertising  Bates. 

1  Week.    1  Month.    .?  Months 

Per  Line  (agate) *  .26  J  .60 

Half-Inch  (1  square) 1.00  3.00 

One  Inch l-oo  4-°° 

MINING  NOTICES. 

Assessment  Notices 

Delinquent  Notices,  per  square :.  ■. 

Large  advertisements  at  favorable  rates.  Special  or  reading  notices, 
legal  advertisements,  notices  appearing  in  extraordinary  type,  or  in 
particular  parts  of  the  paper,  at  special  rates.  Four  insertions  are 
rated  in  a  month. 

Our  infest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 


1  Year. 
8  -1.00 
24.00 
42.00 


S10.00 
3.00 


Chicago  Office CHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 

Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


J.  F.  HA1LOEAN General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  January  19,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTESTS. 


A  Ther- 


ILLUSTRATIONS— Silver-Lead  Smelting  Furnace, 
mostat  Alarm  Svstem,  37. 

EDITORIALS.— Mining  Reports  and  Mine  Sal;ing,  33-38.  Silver- 
Lead  Smelting  Furnaces;  Miscellaneous,  33.  Not  Proven;  Mis- 
cellaneous, 34. 

CORRESPONDENCE— Live  Oak  Mine,  Nevada  County;  Mining 
Items  from  Shasta  Countv,  36. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Value  of  Water  Power  as  Source  of 
Energy,  40. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Manufacture  of  Circular  Saws; 
Miscellaneous.  41. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS— Electricity  on  Shipboard,  44. 

PRACTICAL  INFORMATION.— Sighting  Big  Guns;  Cost  of  Rail- 
road Cars,  45. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  .California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories;  49. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets.;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  Sau  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments:  Dividends,  etc.,  46. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Personal, 34.  Concentrates;  Obituary,35.  Pho- 
tographing Frost  Flowers:  The  Crooke  Process;  African  Diamond 
Mines;  Aerolites,  36.  A  Thermostat  Alarm  System;  A  Soft 
Thing,  37.  No  Occasion  for  Spies;  Mexico's  Mineral  Wealth;  The 
Mineral  Hydrocarbons,  38.  As  to  "Horse  Power;1'  The  Mines  of 
West  Australia,  39.  How  the  Mind  is  Affected  bv  the  Weather; 
Theory  of  the  Tides,  40.  Bells ;  Cost  to  Make  Steel'  Rails,  41. 
The  Geographical  Society  of  the  Pacific;  Coast  Industrial  Notes, 
42.  Incompetent  Steamship  Inspection,  43.  Highest  Bridge  in  the 
World,  44.    Notices  of  Recent  Patents,  46.    Platinum,  47. 


There  is  a  noticeable  present  difference  between 
the  lethargy  of  the  mining  stock  market  and  the 
activity  in  actual  mining  operations. 

Regarding  the  disposition  of  stamps  and  cam 
shafts  it  may  be  said  that  if  the  stamps  are  allowed 
to  rise  and  fall  in  regular  succession  from  one  end  of 
the  battery  to  the  other,  the  material  is  apt  to 
accumulate  at  one  end,  and  the  effective  duty  of  the 
stamps  thereby  diminished.  The  order  must,  there- 
fore, be  varied.  In  a  five-stamp  battery  a  common 
arrangement  is  to  let  fall  first  "the  middle  stamp, 
then  the  end  stamp  on  the  right,  then  the  second 
stamp  on  the  left,  then  the  second  stamp  on  the 
right,  and,  finally,  the  end  stamp  on  the  left.  The 
order  in  which  the  stamps  are  to  fall  being  deter- 
mined, it  is  carried  into  effect  by  fixing  the  cams 
on  the  shaft  in  such  position  that  each  cam,  by  the 
revolution  of  the  shaft,  will  lift  its  respectiver  stamp 
at  the  desired  moment.  For  this  purpose  the  key 
seats  cut  in  the  hub  of  the  cam  must  be  determined 
with  care:  one  common  key  seat  being  cut  in  the 
cam  shaft,  when  the  desired  position  of  any  given 
cam  has  been  determined,  the  key  seat  on  the  hub 
is  cut  to  correspond  with  that  of  the  shaft. 

Jilt  Wardner,  who  recently  returned  from  South 
Africa,  says  that  while  there  he  spent  a  whole  day 
examining  the  Crown  Reef  mine,  and  that  superin- 
tendent Webber  assured  him  that  he  had  enough 
gold  ore  blocked  out  "to  run  that  240-stamp  mill  150 
years,  and  crush  four  tons  per  day  to  the  stamp." 
Possibly.  If  so,  that  is  considerable  ore.  Allowing 
that  it  runs  810  to  the  ton,  that  foots  up  54,750,000 
tons  of  ore,  aggregating  $547,500,000.  Mr.  Ward- 
ner, who,  since  the  discovery  of  Mr.  Webber  and  the 
Crown  Reef  and  the  tidy  little  block  of  ore  referred 
to,  has  been  visiting  Colorado,  says,  writing  from 
Leadville:  "  I  saw  more  ore  blocked  out  in  the 
Little  Johnny  than  in  the  Crown  Reef.  The  Little 
Johnny  will  go  from  $50  to  $400."  Possibly,  also. 
Allowing  $200  a  ton  for  the  alleged  amount  of  ore 
Mr.  W.  says  he  saw  in  the  Little  Johnny,  then  that 
mine  will  turn  out  $10,950,000,000!  It  and  the  Crown 
Reef  will  together  produce  about  eleven  thousand 
million  dollars.  The  entire  present  total  of  gold  on 
hand  in  the  world  is  about  four  thousand  millions. 
Sober  consideration  of  the  figures  must  lead  to  the 
conclusion  that  these  two  mines  will  occasion  a  re- 
adjustment of  existing  financial  conditions,  or  else 
Mr.  Wardner  or  Mr.  Webber  or  one  or  two  other 
people  must  be  mistaken.     Probably  the  latter. 


The  notice  of  this  journal  is  weekly  directed  to 
novel  theories  and  hypotheses  in  various  fields,  and 
while  in  many  of  them  the  ingenuity  of  the  argu- 
ment is  alone  deserving  of  commendation,  in  some 
the  assertions  challenge  serious  recognition  and  ex- 
tended notice. 

Scienee,  which  is  simply  organized  knowledge,  has 
nothing  fixed,  traditionary  or  rigid  about  it.  It  is 
as  elastic  a.s  the  atmosphere,  and  as  iconoclastic  as 
the  most  zealous  of  image-breakers.  Nothing  is 
sanctified,  nothing.definitely. placed  or  displaced.  It 
requires  only  proved  results,  the  proof  being  of  a 
nature  satisfying  intelligent  minds. 

Proof,  absolute  demonstration,  accurate  showing 
of  fact,  alone  secures  permanence  or  continued 
recognition.  Where  these  are  lacking  the  cleverest 
hypothesis,  the  most  ingenious  theory,  falls,  unsup- 
ported. 

Mr.  E.  W.  Keeler  of  this  city  at  considerable 
length  cites  and  paraphrases  what  is  styled  "  a  new 
system  of  philosophy."  the  result  of  much  mental 
effort  on  the  part  of  Mr.  S.  J.  Silverstein.  The  gen- 
tleman asserts  that  ' '  there  never  was  such  a  force 
as  the  force  of  attraction;  that  all  the  laws  in- 
duced from  this  law  of  gravitation  are  utterly 
without  foundation,  and  that  Kepler's  laws  not 
only  cannot  be  explained  by  Newton's  law,  but 
that  those  very  Newton's  laws  serve  as  proof 
against  it." 

The  hitherto  general  acceptance  of  Newton's  de- 
ductions collides  with  Mr.  S.'s  argument,  which  is 
that  there  is  what  he  terms  a  ' '  centrality  of 
motion;"  that  "motion  is  actually  inherent  in  the 
planets  themselves  as  in  every  substance  or  body 
existing  in  the  universe;  that  motion  was  originally 
produced  and  is  still  being  produced  by  a  force  out- 
side of  the  planets;  that  a  body  has  not  a  natural 
motion  in  it,  and  when  it  moves,  the  motion  must 
have  been  produced,  and  is  being  produced  by  a 
force  outside  of  it." 

If  Newton's  Princ-ipia  be  rejected,  and  his  theory 
of  centripetal  tones  set  aside,  the.  true  exolanation 
of  the  phenomena  Newton  noticed  will  be  looked  for 
in  a  variety  of  speculations,  among  which  that  of 
Mr.  Silverstein  takes  secondary  place. 

Mr.  Stevenson  recently  brought  out  a  new  theory 
of  centripetal  force,  or,  rather,  a  theory  of  the  per- 
sistence of  energy,  which  substituted  for  the  ordi- 
narily accepted  theory  the  hypothesis  that  a  bod}' 
moving  in  free  space  with  independent  motion  has 
kinetic  energy  in  the  line  of  its  motion  and  kinetic 
stability  tending  to  prevent  displacement  transverse 
to  its  line  of  motion  equal  to  its  kinetic  energy,  and 
should  a  radical  transverse  force  be  applied  equal  to 
the  kinetic  stability,  the  body  will  then  revolve  in 
the  orbit  of  a  circle  with  a  velocity  equal  to  ?  +  v,  v 
being  its  original  velocity,  and  according  as  the 
transverse  radical  force  is  greater  or  less  than  the 
kinetic  stability,  so  the  curve  will  be  one  of  less  or 
greater  stability,  and  the  force  of  restitution  will  be 
less  or  greater. 

As  was  once  finely  said  by  Prof.  Tyndall,  in  an  ad- 
dress before  the  British  Association  of  Scientists, 
these  questions  will  continue  to  be  discussed  by  lofty 
minds  "when  you  and  I,  like  streaks  of  morning 
cloud,  shall  have  melted  into  the  infinite  azure  of  I 
eternity." 


bought  the  material  of  the  fertility  in   the  form  of 
medicine;  i.  e.,  chemical  fertilizers." 

If  Mr.  Hensel's  assertions  are  not  antagonistic  to 
the  truth;  if  all  that  sterile  soil  needs  is  to  have 
comminuted  granite  mixed  with  it  to  make  it  abun- 
dantly productive,  he  is  a  great  human  benefactor 
and  his  discovery  will  revolutionize  the  world.  The 
subject  is  of  surpassing  interest,  for  we  must  all  eat, 
and  when  Mr.  Hensel  tells  us  that  the  use  of  1200 
pounds  of  "stonemeal"  to  each  acre  for  each  year 
for  the  space  of  five  years  will  make  sterile  land 
fruitful,  the  possibilities  are  stupendous— that  is,  if 
Mr.  H.  is  right.- -Trivial  objections  by  those  who 
make  or  sell  fertilizers  should  not  count.  Where,  as 
in  this  State,  vast  barren  plains  are  bounded  by 
equally  vast  mountains  of  granite,  all  so  easily  con- 
verted into  food,  the  possibilities  of  increased  food 
supply  outrun  ordinary  imagination,  and  the  great 
problem  of  human  sustenance  is  solved.  It  is  a  great 
point  for  the  "Industrials"  to  know  of  such  a  pos- 
sible combination.  Heretofore,  azoic  rocks  have  not 
been  looked  upon  as  possessing  any  of  the  elements 
that  enter  into  the  composition  of  vegetable  matter, 
and  it  is  probable  that  Mr.  Hensel's  theory  may  be 
combated  by  those  who  argue  that  the  absence  of 
carbon,  nitrogen,  lime,  etc. ,  in  granite  will  seriously 
militate  against  its  value  as  a  fertilizer.  Practical 
demonstration,  successful  experiment,  will  be  neces.- 
sary  to  convince  the  doubting  that  his  theory  is 
tenable.  Like  those  who  formulate  systems  of 
philosophy  contradictory  to  the  Newtonian  theory  of ' 
attraction,  etc.,  the  idea  is  more  interesting  than 
tangible,  and  on  each  must,  so  far,  be  endorsed  the 
verdict:  "Not  Proven." 


The  mining  returns  for  '94  show  that  the  mono- 
metallists  are  having  their  way  so  far  as  silver  pro- 
duction in  the  United  States  is  concerned — that  the 
output  of  silver  has  been  greatly  reduced  and  the 
output  of  gold  very  greatly  augmented.  Arizona 
produced  three  times  as  much  gold  as  silver  in  '94. 
Colorado,  looked  upon  since  Nevada's  decline  as  the 
silver  State,  has  astonished  the  country  with  a  gold 
output  for  the  year  of  $11,000,000,  and  in  like  manner 
with  the  other  mining  states  ana  Territories.  But 
the  law  of  compensation  runs  through  every  line  of 
life,  and  though  the  total  sales  of  silver  certificates 
in  New  York  in  1894  were  only  95,000  ounces,  against 
2,626,000  ounces  in  '93,  there  not  having  been  asingle 
sale  of  silver  in  the  board  room  from  April  5,  '94,  to 
January  1,  '95,  yet  the  proper  solution  of  this  most 
important  question  cannot  much  longer  be  delayed. 
Above  and  beyond  artificial  restraints  come  public 
demands  and  requirements  which  are  for  the  rightful 
recognition  of  silver,  not  as  a  matter  of  petty  "  pro- 
tection "  to  the  miner,  but  as  one  of  necessary 
protection  to  the  prosperity  of  the  entire  nation. 


' '  Did  the  suspension  assessment  of  '94  apply  to 
incorporated  companies  ?"  is  asked  by  a  Riverside 
subscriber.  It  certainly  did.  "Is  machinery  and 
plant  on  abandoned  mine  locatable  ?"  asks  an 
Arizonian.  No.  A  failure  to  comply  with  Govern- 
ment requirements  invalidates  no  ownership.  Build- 
ings, tools,  machinery,  etc.,  belong  to  the  man  who 
paid  for  them,  and  he  can  claim  them  any  time. 

Personal. 


Another  philosopher,  Mr.  Julius  Hensel,  is  to  hand 
with  a  theme  which  he  styles  "  bread  from  stones." 
He  argues  that  a  great  and  general  mistake  has 
been  made  in  agricultural  chemistry,  and  that  since 
the  first  man  undertook  to  restore  to  worn-out  soil 
the  constituents  that  growing  crops  extracted  from 
it,  the  mistake  has  been  perpetuated  by  applying 
the  wrong  kind  of  fertilizer.  After  an  elaborate  dis- 
quisition on  the  composition  of  animal  and  vegetable 
food,  he  argues  that  to  make  soil  fertile  it  is  only 
necessary  to  strew  its  surface  with  pulverized  gran- 
ite. He  extols  the  beneficial  results  of  the  use  of 
this  "  stone  meal."  and  says:  "It  is  now  400  years 
since  the  second  half  of  the  world  was  discovered, 
but  the  whole  earth  is  only  now  discovered  as  far  as 
the  knowledge  is  concerned  of  how  the  inexhaustible 
treasures  which  are  at  our  disposal  in  the  nourishing 
forces  of  the  rocks  of  the  mountains  may  be  utilized. 
Instead  of  working  this   colossal   mine,   men  have 


Col.  D.  M.  Jackson  is  now  superintendent  of  the  Grai.d 
Victory  mine.  Placer  Co. 

Alfred  Swain  has  been  elected  secretary  of  the  Union  Con., 
vice  C.  C.  Harvey,  deceased. 

W.  D.  Chambers  has  been  appointed  superintendent  of  the 
Mitchell  mine,  Calaveras  Co. 

Carl  Kleinschmidt  of  Helena  has  received  a  diploma  as 
professor  from  the  Royal  School  of  Mines  at  Freiburg,  Saxony, 
the  highest  degree  in  mineralogy  and  metallurgy  issued  by 
that  institution  for  the  past  fifteen  years. 

Hon.  Jacob  H.  Neff,  president  of  the  State  Miners'  Associ- 
ation, is  prominently  mentioned  among  the  candidates  for  the 
two  years  in  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  the  vacancy  oc- 
casioned by  the  death  of  Leland  Stanford. 

K.  H.  Cavill  left  for  Johannesburg,  South  Africa,  last 
Sunday,  where  he  will  act  as  manager  of  the  New  Rand 
Mining  Co.  The  careers  of  Hammond,  Williams,  Clarke, 
Clement  and  other  California  miners  who  went  thither  to 
superintend  important  works  illustrate  the  recognition  by- 
mine  owners  iu  that  far-off  El  Dorado  of  the  value  of  practical 
men. 

E.  C.  Potter  of  Chicago,  president  of  the  Illinois  Steel  Co., 
left  here  last  Wednesday  on  the  China  for  Japan,  at  the 
request  of  the  Japanese  Government,  to  teach  the  Mikado's 
subjects  how  to  utilize  their  mineral  resources  and  to  perfect 
plans  for  the  construction  of  steel  works,  the  cost  of  which  has 
been  estimated  at  from  $2,500,000  to  810,000,000. 


January  19,  1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


35 


Concentrates. 

The  50-stamp  mill  on  the  Grand  Victory  mine.  Placer  Co., 
is  about  finished. 

The  North  Bloomfield  Company  is  reported  to  have  bought 
theCatskill  mine,  Bangor,  Butte  Co. 

E.  B.  TKrE  bus  purchased  the  Knott  mine  at  Warrens. 
Idaho,  from  ex-Governor  Willey  for  §12,000. 

Toe  Mammoth  mine,  near  the  Mokolumne,  Middle  Bur,  is 
reported  sold  to  an  English  company  for  $3u,noo. 

The  Englehardt  Gold  Extraction  Company  of  Denver  will 
build  a  twenty-ton  plant  near  Prescott,  Arizona. 

It  is  the  reported  intention  of  Alvinza  Hayward  to  put  a 
100-starap  mill  on  the  Oro  Fino,  near  Shingle  Springs. 

The  miners  of  Montana  are  deemed  to  have  won  a  victory  in 
securing  tb'-  selection  last  week  of  Lee  Mantle  as  U.  S.  Sen- 
ator. 

The  Aspen,  Col.,  big  silver  mine  closes  this  week,  and 
will  wait  for  an  advance  in  silver  before  resumption  of 
work. 

The  reduction  works  of  the  Weat  End  Gold  Mining  Company 
at  Sherman,  Colorado,  will  be  completed  and  started  up  about 
February  1st. 

W.  S.  Strattos  of  Cripple  Creek,  Col.,  says  he  will  give 
12000  toward  a  miners' hospital  at  that  place  if  Dave  Moffat. 
will  give  an  equal  amount. 

The  Consolidated  South  Spring  Hill  Gold  Mining  Company 
has  incorporated,  John  R.  Tregloan  superintendent,  to  work 
the  Median  mine  at  Amador  City. 

The  Gold  Flat  mine  has  closed  down  on  account  of  the  great 
amount  of  water.  The  pumps  have  been  utterly  unable  to 
keep  the  water  down,  says  the  Nevada  City  Herald; 

Tin:  Baker  City,  Or., Democrat  points  to  the  $17,000  gold  out- 
put of  the  Virtue  mine  for  December  as  an  indication  of  what 
the  mines  of  that  county  can  do  when  scientifically  managed. 

C.  A.  Plum m BR  of  Portland  has  bought  the  Jowett  mine, 
five  miles  from  Grant's  Pass,  Or.  J.  A.  Gowan  will  be  the 
superintendent,  and  will  put  in  new  machinery  of  modern 
pattern. 

Messrs.  Brown  and  Pedro  Negro  have  sold  their  share  in 
the  Amarillas  mine,  Sonora,  Mexico,  to  H.  Hinds,  one  of  the 
proprietors  of  the  Colorado  Co.,  for  850,000  and  $30,000  gold,  re- 
spectively. 

The  State  Mining  Bureau  has  sent  circulars  to  every  miner 
and  mine  owner  in  the  State  asking  for  a  complete  report  as 
to  the  total  output  of  the  mines  for  the  twelve  months  ending 
Dec.  31st.    '.i-i 

The  recent  offer  of  Captain  Griggs  to  take  sacked  ores  from 
Johnson  creek  to  Everett  at  a  cost  of  §8  per  ton  is  another 
huge  concession  to  ore  shipping  in  upper  Okanogan,  says  the 
Looraiston  Journal. 

The  McCauley  Gold  Mining  and  Milling-  Co.  of  Crevasse, 
Park  Co.,  Montana,  are  about  to  put  in  a  complete  twenty- 
stamp  mill.  The  Oro  Fino  Co.  at  De  Borgia,  Montana,  are 
building  a  five-stamp  mill. 

Montreal  men  are  reported  to  have  made  an  offer  of  8200,000, 
half  cash,  for  the  Clinton  mine,  near  Jackson,  Amador  Co. 
S.  M.  Shortridge,  of  this  city,  is  the  owner.  There  is  a  fine 
lot  of  machinery  on  the  property. 

During  '94  it  is  estimated  30,579  flasks  of  quicksilver  were 
produced  in  California.  The  '93  product  was  30,551  flasks. 
The  '94  shipments  by  land  and  sea  for  the  first  eleven  months 
of  the  year  aggregated  28,060  flasks. 

At  Candelaria,  Nevada,  the  tailings  of  the  Holmes  mine  are 
beiDg  tested  by  Colonel  Sutherland,  with  a  view  to  working 
them  by  a  leaching  process.  There  are  half  a  million  tons  of 
tailings  at  Candelaria  and  Belleville. 

The  Georgetown,  Col.,  ore  samplers  paid  out  §513,159  for  ore 
in  1894,  which  had  a  gross  value  of  §764,058,  showing  that 
thirty-three  per  cent  of  the  value  of  the  ore  produced  in  that 
district  went  to  pay  smelting  and  freight  charges. 

The  Florence.  Col.,  Reduction  Works  made  its  first  test  last 
week,  and  the  machinery  proved  all  that  was  expected  of  it. 
The  success  of  the  plant  is  viewed  with  satisfaction  at  Cripple 
Creek.  To  that  gold  camp  it  means  a  greatly  increased  out- 
put. 

From  the  Altar  district,  in  Sonora,  it  is  reported  that  the 
Mexican  authorities  last  week  confiscated  -$20,000  in  gold 
which  was  being  taken  out  of  the  country  without  paying  the 
export  duty  of  ten  per  cent.  There  are  about  2000  men  on 
the  grounds,  mostly  Mexicans  and  Indians. 

The  new  leaching  plant  for  the  Bi-Metallic  at  Phillipsburg, 
Montana,  handles  700  tODS  of  roasted  tailings  or  300  tons  of 
dried  tailings  every  twenty-four  hours.  There  are  100,000 
tons  of  these  tailings  from  which  the  Russell  process  extracts 
75,000  ounces  of  silver  and  $3000  in  gold  per  month. 

The  Kennedy  district,  Humboldt  county,  from  the  mines  of 
which  so  much  was  expected  last  fall,  is  reported  dull  at  pres- 
ent. There  appears  to  have  been  mismanagement  or  a 
" freeze-out"  at  the  mill  erected  some  time  ago.  Some  say 
that  all  will  be  well  again  as  soon  as  certain  mines  have  been 
bought. 

The  Coolgardie  gold  fields  are  booming.  One  hundred  and 
twenty  companies  have  been  floated  from  London,  England, 
in  the  last  three  months,  and  2000  leases  have  been  taken  up 
in  Australia.  The  suffering  from  want  of  water  at  the  mines 
is  said  to  be  terrible,  and  a  great  many  deaths  from  thirst  are 
reported. 

The  returns  for  the  Haro.ua  Hala,  Arizona,  mines  for  the 
month  of  November  '94  are:  Crushed  during  the  month, 
3235  tons ;  estimated  gross  value  of  gold  produced,  §27,200 ;  mis- 
cellaneous revenue,  8500;  total  revenue,  $27,700.  The  esti- 
mated total  expense  was  $12,000,  leaving  an  estimated  profit 
for  the  month  of  §15,100. 

At  Telluride,  Colorado,  on  the  12th,  Judge  Gabbert  made  a 
decision,  the  first  of  the  kind  in  Colorado,  that  operators  of 
stamp  mills  must  use  reasonable  means  to  prevent  the  flow  of 
tailings  into  streams  where  others  would  be  materially  in- 


jured thereby.    Both  plaintiff  and  defendant  excepted   to  the 
d  ami  the  case  will  be  appealed. 

The  weekly  yield  of  the  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.  mine  is  ftboul  850 
tons,  averaging  $50  a  ton.  A  body  of  ore  is  in  sight  extending 
from  the  1050  down  to  the  1750  level,  there  being  a  continuous 
opening  through  the  deposit   between   these  two  points.    In 

drifting  north  and  south  on  the  ore  body  and  in  sinking  upon 
it  below  the-  1750,  it  is  expected  an  immense  amount  nf  ore  will 
be  obtained. 

Tin:  AJax  (Utah)  Mining  Co.  have  under  advisement  bids  for 
the  erection  of  a  100-ton  c  They  have  sold  100,000 

shares  of  the  capital  Stook  to  Sinnuel  M./ In  tyre  at  a  figure 
whioh  would  make  the  valuation  of  the  entire  property  in  the 
neighborhood  of  $470,000.    Mr.   Molntyre  has    been   elected 

vice-president  and  general  manager  of  the  company,  vice 
Henry  Shields,  resigned. 

The  gold  nugget  in  the  turkey's  gizzard  Ims  been  provok- 
ingly  slow  in  coming  to  light  this  season,  it  was  due  in 
Josephiue  Co.,  Or.,  a  week  before  Thanksgiving,  and  should 
also  have  been  heard  from  in  western  Colorado  Christmas  eve. 
It  is  only  last  week  the  regular  item  turned  up,  and  in  Helena, 
Montana,  which  furnished  in  two  turkeys,  bought  by  M.  E. 
Nichols,  nearly  an  ounce  of  gold  and  thirteen  sapphires. 

The  currency  question  has  been  solved  at  De  Lamar,  Ne- 
vada. The  De  Lamar  Company  has  issued  coins.  The  denom- 
inations of  the  coins  are  12%  cents,  25  cents,  50  cents  aud  si. 
On  one  side  is  printed  "Good  for  (whatever  denomination!  in 
exchange,''  and  on  the  reverse,  "  At  the  Office  of  De  Lamar's 
Nevada  Gold  Mining  Company."  Silver  being  very  scarce, 
these  coins  are  very  handy  in  making  change.  The  De  Lamar 
Company  redeems  all  of  these  coins.  They  are  made  of  alumi- 
num. 

The  report  of  the  Transvaal  Gold  Exploration  and  Land  Co. 
shows  the  return  of  bullion  to  have  averaged  over  2000  ozs. 
per  month,  or  a  total  ol  21,070  ozs.  for  the  year,  as  against  11,- 
315  ozs.  for  1893.  The  cyanide  process  has  dealt  with  8491 
tons,  yielding  92S2  ozs.  of  bullion.  The  new  twenty-stamp 
mill  and  the  electrical  plant  are  completed,  and  the  cyanide 
plant  is  being  added  to.  The  aerial  rope  anil  tramways  con- 
necting the  Theta  ami  Chi  workings  with  the  new  mill  are 
now  nearly  completed,  and  will  greatly  reduce  the  cost  of 
transport. 

At  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary,  for  the  week  ending  Dec. 
20th,  10,156  tons  of  ore  were  treated,  yielding  800  tons  of  lead, 
containing  225,431  ozs.  silver;  also  1150  tons,  treated  by  amal- 
gamating and  leaching  plants,  producing  12,113  ozs.  silver. 
A  dividend  of  Is.  per  share  is  declared,  payable  Jan.  10th. 
For  the  week  ending  Dec.  27th  10,001  tons  of  ore  were  treated, 
yielding  900  tons  of  lead,  containing  224,823  ozs.  silver;  also 
712  tons  treated  by  amalgamating  and  leaching  plant  j,  pro- 
ducing 12,109  ozs.  silver. 

The  Keystone  says  that  the  mining  community  of  Idaho  is 
eager  for  a  proper  legislation  for  the  promotion  of  the  chief  in- 
dustry of  that  State.  The  present  mining  laws  allow  pros- 
pectors to  locate  ground  without  compelling  them  to  do  any 
work  uoon  it  for  a  lone-  period  of  time.  As  the  laws  stand 
now,  a  prospector  can  locate  thousands  of  acres  of  mineral 
ground,  have  it  recorded,  and  can  hold  this  ground  against  all 
comers  until  the  first  day  of  January,  1897;  and  he  can  do  this 
without  any  work  on  the  ground. 

According  to  the  Idaho  World  the  Treadwell  mine,  in 
Alaska,  will  probably  have  to  take  second  place  when  the 
Boulder,  eight  miles  north  of  Idaho  City,  begins  to  produce 
to  its  full  capacity.  A  crosscut  has  been  run  over  120  feet  in 
solid  ore,  and  is  not  yet  across  the  ledge.  Theassayer  for  the 
company  has  been  making  assays  all  the  way  across,  and  finds 
that  the  ore  runs  f rom  §8  to  §10  per  ton.  The  company  (the 
Gund  Gold  Mining  Co.)  contemplates  putting  in  seventy  more 
stamps  next  summer.  Their  new  thirty-stamp  mill  has  begun 
crushing. 

Near  Kaslo,  B.  C,  last  Tuesday,  three  miners  named 
Moore,  McMillan  and  Mitchell,  owners  of  the  Eureka  mine, 
were  on  their  way  to  the  mine  and  while  climbing  a  mountain 
a  mass  of  snow  20  feet  deep  and  200  yards  in  length  became 
detached.  The  three  men  ran,  but  were  all  overtaken  by  the 
slide  and  carried  along  with  trees  and  bowlders  to  the  canyon 
below,  where  the  life  was  crushed  out  of  them.  Their  bodies 
were  recovered.  Two  miners  who  were  working  on  the  Silver- 
ton  mine  in  the  path  of  the  slide  are  missing,  and  they  were 
probably  killed  also. 

The  Blue  Lake  Mining  Company,  that  proposes  to  work  400 
acres  of  placer  ground  twenty- live  miles  from  Shoshone,  Idaho, 
will  use  an  entirely  new  milling  process  in  the  mine,  known 
as  the  Bard  amalgamating  machine.  It  employs  a  riffled  cop- 
per plate,  and  uses  quicksilver.  The  company  has  five  of  the 
machines  in  use,  and  has  been  able  with  them  to  save  95  per 
cent  of  the  gold,  while  handling  from  700  to  1000  yards  of  dirt 
per  day.  The  hydraulic  equipment  of  the  mine  includes  two 
miles  of  flume  and  ditch,  with  1000  feet  of  eight-inch  pipe  line. 
The  pressure  is  100  feet.  Water  is  drawn  from  springs  which 
have  a  flow  of  3000  inches. 

An  explosion  of  giant  powder  appalling  in  its  results  took 
place  at  Butte,  Montana,  on  the  night  of  the  15th  inst.  A  fire 
in  the  Butte  Hardware  Co.'s  warehouse  had  gathered  nearly 
the  entire  fire  department  of  the  city,  and  according  to  press 
dispatches  several  tons  of  giant  powder  in  the  Keuyon-Cornell 
Commercial  Company's  warehouse,  illegally  stored,  there,  ex- 
ploded, wreaking  ruin  and  death.  There  were  three  several 
explosions.  About  GO  people  were  torn  to  pieces.  Many  more 
will  die  of  the  injuries  received.  The  unfortunates  were 
mostly  so  mangled  that  identification  was  impossible.  A 
searching  investigation  is  demanded  and  should  be  had. 

There  is  a  man  in  Salt  Lake  who  claims  that  he  has  discov- 
ered a  vegetable  compound  that  "ripens"  gold  ore.  Accord- 
ing  to  his  theory  ore  is  ripened  through  the  juices  of  the  vege- 
tation which  grows  above  it.  -The  rock  may  contain  many 
thousands  of  dollars'  worth  of  gold,  but  until  it  is  ripened  by 
coming  in  contact  with  these  vegetable  juices  it  is  not  discov- 
erable by  assays  or  otherwise.  According  to  this  genius,  by 
treating  gold  rock  with  this  solution  the  bearing  capacity  is 
increased  at  a  ratioof  about  18,000  to  one.  Ore  that  goes  only 
a  trace,  after  being  subjected  to  this  treatment  will  mill 
£17,000  or  §18,000  per  ton.  If  this  theory  prove  tangible,  gold 
will  be  demonetized,  sure. 

The  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  Co.  of  America  (Limited) 
have  brought  suit  against  the  Mercur  (Utah)  Gold  Milling  and 


Mining  Co.,  praying  for  an  injunction  to  prevent  defendants 
from  using  the  MacArthur  (cyanide)  process  of  extracting 
m  ores  and  for  damages.  The  plaintiffs  al- 
iat  the  defendant  corporal  ton  induced  them  to  enter  in- 
to a  parole  agreement,  whereby  the  plaintiffs  instructed  the 
defendants  in  the  use  of  the  process  and  assisted  them  in  di- 
recting a  plant  for  the  operation  of  the  same,  and  the  latter 
agreed  to  pay  a  royalty  ofSl  for  each  ten  tons  of  ore  treated. 
Prom  September  i,  1891,  until  August,  1898,  the  complaint 
goes  on  to  state,  the  defendants  acted  under  this  agreement 
and  paid  more  than  113,000  to  plaintiffs  as  royalties,  but  after 
that  period  they  ceased  payment,  and  are  now  infringing  on 
plaintiffs1  letters  of  patent  by  using  the  same  without  pay- 
ment therefor. 

i  i  u  DE  M.  Bennett  tells  the  Idaho  Springs  Gazette  that  he 
went  to  the  mint  in  the  city  of  Mexico  and  asked  to  have  a 
United  States  dollar  weighed  and  compared  with  a  Mexican 
standard  dollar.  The  Mexican  dollar  went  down  in  the 
balance,  and  the  United  States  went  up,  showing  the  Mexican 
coin  to  contain  more  silver.  A  little  later  Bennett  went  into 
a  restaurant.  The  dinner  cost  $1.  He  paid 'with  a  United 
States  silver  dollar.  The  restaurant  cashier  took  his  United 
States  coin  and  handed  him  back  a  Mexican  dollar,  heavier 
than  that  from  the  United  States:  it  was  worth  only  half  as 
much.  InTevas,  at  the  railway  eating  house,  a  meal  costs  fifty 
cents.  Cross  the  border  into  Mexico  and  you  are  charged  $1 
for  the  same  kind  of  meal,  though  if  you  tender  a  United 
States  dollar  in  payment  you  will  get  back  a  Mexican  dollar. 
The  price  is  just  the  same  practically.  It  does  look,  says  the 
Record,  as  if  the  able  financiers  of  the  civilized  nations  had 
muddled  things  somehow  when  of  two  coins  made  of  the  same 
metal  the  heavier  one  is  worth  only  half  as  much  as  the 
lighter  one. 

The  Australian  Mtntng  Standard  always  has  a  yarn  about 
some  alleged  "  American  prospector."  This  time  it  is  about 
one  Adams  who  was  "prospecting  somewhere  In  the  moun- 
tains in  New  Mexico."  While  wearily  trudging  along  one 
hot  day  through  the  gulch,  where  the  sun  had  a  good  chance 
at  his  back,  he  suddenly  smelled  smoke.  The  phenomenon 
struck  him  as  odd,  and  he  gianeed "quickly  in  every  direction 
to  ascertain  the  origin  of  the  smoke ;  but.  seeing  nothing,  he 
resumed  his  journey.  A  moment  later  the  smell  returned 
stronger  than  ever,  and  the  breeze  just  then  blowing  in  the 
directiou  in  which  he  was  walking,  a  light  wreath  of  vapor 
curled  about  his  ears,  aud  gave  him  to  understand  that  his 
haversack  was  on  lire.  Like  all  miners,  he  carried  a  large 
lens  for  the  purpose  of  examining  the  specimens  and  the  sand 
in  his  pan,  and  the  truth  flashed  up  m  him.  For  want  of  room 
he  had  hung  the  glass  on  the  outside,  and  the  rays  of  the  sun 
had  been  concentrated  on  his  haversack,  which  was  thus  set 
on  fire.  As  among  its  contents  were  twelve  or  fifteen  pounds 
of  powder,  he  lost  no  time  in  dropping  the  dangerous  burden 
and  getting  away  as  far  as  possible  before  it  exploded.  The 
haversack  fell  between  two  huge  stones  aud  cuddled  down  out 
of  sight.  Adams  soon  reached  a  safe  distance,  and  disconso- 
lately watched  the  smoke  arising  from  his  sole  worldly  pos- 
sessions. Suddenly  there  was  a  deafening  report.  The 
ground  trembled,  and  Adams  dodged  behind  a  huge  stone  to 
escape  the  fragments  of  flying  rock.  Rising,  he  went  to  the 
spot  to  gather  what  he  could  find,  when  his  eyes  almost 
started  out  of  his  head  at  seeing  the  quartz  that  had  been 
blown  up  fairly  glittering  with  gold.  His  powder  had  done 
better  on  its  own  account  than  it  had  ever  done  on  his,  and 
had  literally  blown  open  a  gold  mine  for  his  benefit.  He  was 
made  a  rich  man  in  an  instant,  and  named  his  mine  the  "  Nick 
o'  Time." 

J.  J.  Valentine,  of  Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.,  has  issued  his  annual 
report  of  the  precious  metals  produced  in  the  States  ond  Ter- 
ritories west  of  the  Missouri  river,  including  British 
Columbia,  during  the  year  1894.  His  figures  show  the  follow- 
ing aggregate:  Gold,  §45,892,008;  silver,  $28,721,014;  copper, 
§22,270,294;  lead,  £8,223,518;  total,  8105,113,489.  The  value  on 
which  these  totals  were  estimated  was:  Silver,  03  cents 
per  ounce;  copper,  10  cents  per  pound,  and  lead  §3.11  per 
hundredweight.  The  production  of  the  various  States  and 
Territories  is  tabulated  and  shows  California,  §14,188,582; 
Nevada,  $3,100,560;  Oregon,  §1,711,602;  Washington,  §443,563; 
Alaska,  §906,246;  Idaho,  §7,976,220;  Montana,  §30,250,000; 
Utah,  §7,202,588;  Colorado,  §26,763,050;  New  Mexico,  §1,871,359; 
Arizona,  §6,995,831 ;  Dakota,  §3,045,909:  Texas,  §338,542; 
Wyoming,  $45,000;  British  Columbia,  §209,377.  In  addition  to 
the  foregoing  there  is  also  a  tabulated  statement  of  the 
annual  products  of  lead,  copper,  silver  and  gold  in  the  States 
and  Territories  named  from  1870  to  1894  inclusive.  There  is 
also  a  statement  of  the  product  of  gold  and  silver  in  the 
republic  of  Mexico  from  1877  to  1894,  values  upon  mintage 
basis,  which  shows  the  gold  output  of  Mexico  during  those 
years  to  have  been  §17,939,000;  silver,  §600,145,000;  total,  §618,- 
084,000.  The  exhibit  of  coinage  of  gold,  silver  and  copper  in 
the  republic  of  Mexico  from  July  1,  1873,  to  June  30,  1894,  was : 
Gold,  dollars,  §10,450,057;  silver,  dollars,  §507,317,921;  copper, 
dollars,  §203,290;  total,  §517,971,274.  The  exhibit  of  the  coin- 
age of  Mexico,  from  the  establishment  of  the  mint  in  1537  to 
the  end  of  the  fiscal  year  1894,  shows  the  following  totals: 
Colonial  epoch,  1537  to  1821,  §2,151,581,960;  Independence, 
1822  to  1873,  §809,655,251;  Republic,  1873  to  1894,8517,971,274; 
total,  §3,479,208,485.  The  exports  of  silver  during  the  past 
year  to  China,  Japan  and  the  Straits,  etc.,  are  shown  as  fol- 
lows: From  London,  §47,502,180;  from  San  Francisco,  $12,520,- 
678;  total,  £00,022,858,  asagainst$07,715,485of  last  year:  pounds 
sterling  estimated  at  §4.84.  Mr.  Valentine's  figures  give  the 
gold  output  of  California  for  1894  at  §12,540,646,  as  against  §12,- 
175,207  produced  in  Colorado.  It  is  believed,  however,  that  data 
now  being  collected  will  show  that  the  gold  output  of  this 
State  for  1S94  will  more  nearly  approximate  §15,000,000  in  the 
aggregate. 

Obituary. 

C.  C.  Harvey,  for  many  years  secretary  of  the  Union  Con. 
Mining  Co.,  aud  connected  with  other  mining  companies,  died 
suddenly  on  the  11th  inst.  at  his  residence  in  this  city  in  the 
69th  year  of  his  age. 

Assistant  Naval  Constkcctok  Geokge  W.  Street,  United 
States  Navy,  died  in  this  city  on  the  12th,  of  pneumonia. 
He  had  arrived  from  the  East  but  a  few  days  before,  for  duty 
at  the  Union  Iron  Works.  He  was  appointed  from  Wisconsin 
on  July  1,  1889,  and  had  until  recently  been  attached  to  the 
navy  yard  at  New  York. 


30 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  19,  1895. 


Live  Oak  Mine,   Nevada    County. 


To  the  Editor:— A.  McMahon,  Jr.,  superintendent 
of  the  Live  Oak  mine,  which  is  situated  on  the  San 
Juan  ridge,  sixteen  miles  from  this  city,  recently 
paid  a  visit  to  Nevada  City.  In  a  conversation  with 
the  writer  he  stated  that  the  future  of  the  quartz 
mining  in  that  sejtion  of  our  county  is  very  promis- 
ing indeed.  Most  of  the  mines  operating  there  have 
shown  marked  improvements  in  the  past  few  weeks. 
Regarding  the  Live  Oak  mine  he  produced  some 
very  valuable  and  important  data.  From  present 
indications  it  is  one  of  the  most  promising  and  im- 
portant of  our  new  mines.  When  properly  developed 
it  will  become  a  large  and  valuable  bullion  producer. 
The  facilities  for  operating  the  mine  cheaply  are 
many  and  will  undoubtedly  cut  a  prominent  figure 
in  its  future  development.  The  mine  is  owned  by  a 
company  of  San  Jose  capitalists.  Wm.  McMahon  of 
that  city,  father  of  the  present  superintendent,  is 
the  largest  stockholder  of  the.  company  and  has 
given  proof  of  his  confidence  in  the^  property  by  in- 
vesting a  large  sum  of  money  therein. 

The  Live  Oak  is  located  on  the  same  side  of  the 
river  and  in  close  proximity  to  the  famous  "Delhi 
mine,  from  which  such  fabulous  sums  of  gold  have 
been  extracted.  The  the  locality  is  a  favorable  one 
no  one  acquainted  with  our  county  will  deny.  In 
fact,  as  I  remarked  last  week  in  these  columns,  we 
anticipate  great  progress  in  this  particular  section 
of  our  county  during  the  year  upon  which  we  have 
just  entered,  relative  to  quartz  mining. 

The  mine  is  worked  by  tunnels,  which  make  the 
mode  of  operating  much  less  expensive.  There  are 
three,  tunnels  penetrating  the  hill  which  can  be  used 
for  practical  purposes.  The  lower,  tunnel,  through 
which  operations  are  now  being  conducted,  has  been 
driven  a  distance  of  h'00  feet  into  the  hill.  From  the 
end  of  this  tunnel  to  the  apex  of  the  ledge  there  is  a 
vertical  distance  of  700  feet.  This  implies  that  they 
already  have  700,  feet  of  backs,  or  stopes,  opened 
and  ready  for  working.  From  the  apex  of  the  vein 
to  the  base  of  the  hill  there  is  a  vertical  distance  of 
1200  feet;  and  the  fact  that  this  immense  body  of 
ore  can  be  extracted  by  tunnels  would  indicate  a 
permanent  and  valuable  property.  The  vein  in 
places  is  fourteen  feet  wide,  but  the  average  width 
is  about  three  feet.  Some  of  the  ore  from  this  ledge 
has  assayed  as  high  as  $400.  Ninety  tons  of  ore 
were  crushed  at  the  Delhi  mill  with  a  result  of  $7.20 
a  ton,  not  including  sulphurets.  The  sulphurets  are 
worth  $102  a  ton.  The  average  mill  test  places  the 
value  of  the  ore  at  $7.50  a  ton.  The  claim  is  300(1 
feet  long  by  600  feet  wide. 

The  owners  of  this  mine  have  reason  to  feel  proud 
of  their  possession.  The  facilities  for  operating  it 
cheaply,  as  already  stated,  are  many,  and  with  the 
erection  of  a  fine  modern  quartz  mill,  which  can  be 
constructed  without  heavy  expense,  the  mine  can  be 
made  very  remunerative  in  a  short  time.  Much 
credit  is  due  to  Mr.  McMahon  for  the  great  interest 
he  has  taken  in  quartz  mining  in  this  district,  and 
for  the  miner-like  manner  in  which  he  has  developed 
this  mine.  He  has  shown  exceptional  skill  and  min- 
ing ability  in  operating  this  property,  and  we  believe 
that  with  the  above  mentioned  improvements  he  will 
eventually  have  a  great  mine.         Samuel  Butler. 

Mining  Items  from  Shasta  County. 

Redding,  Cal.,  Jan.  10,  1895. 

To  the  Editor  : — The  heavy  rain  in  this  section 
has  furnished  an  abundance  of  water  for  gulch  min- 
ing, and  many  a  hungry  miner  is  now  a  mono- 
metallist.  The  Niagara,  now  worked  on  the  tribute 
system,  has  been  making  a  fine  record  the  past  two 
months.  The  Myers  property,  under  Prof.  Morton's 
management,  is  working  twenty  men  at  present. 
The  sale  of  the  Iron  Mountain  property  to  an 
English  syndicate  has  lapsed,  the  date  for  payment 
being  January  1st.  Some  large  commissions  were 
connected  with  it  that  will  not  materialize.  The 
Uncle  Sam,  on  Squaw  creek,  drops  thirty  stamps 
steadily,  and  also  runs  a  Huntington  mill  on  soft  ore. 
The  Old  Diggings  keeps  up  a  steady  grind.  The 
rich  ore  chute  that  yielded  so  handsomely  a  few 
weeks  ago  is  commencing  to  get  a  little  lean.  Ore 
running  $500  per  ton  was  too  good  to  last.  -  The 
Quartz  Hill  is  running  ten  stamps  and  also  shipping 
ore  to  Selby's.  The  quartz  milled  is  low  grade  but 
yields  a  profit. 

The  Sacramento  river  dredge,  operated  this  sum- 
mer by  Destlehorst  Bros.,  has  proved  the  best  pay- 
ing investment  in  the  county  this  season.  On  some 
days  as  high  as  $1500  was  made  at  an  expense  of  $12. 
The  river  bed  is  fabulously  rich.  The  dredge  does 
not  save  ten  per  cent  of  the  gold. 

A  new  era  in  drift  mining  for  this  end  of  the  State 
has  been  inaugurated  by  the  Parsons  Company, 
operating  in  Oregon  gulch.  A  year  ago  old  man 
Parsons  commenced  sinking  on  the  contact  between 
sandstone  and  slate.  .  He  soon  died,  but  his  heirs 
kept  on  working,  with  the  result  that  the  gravel  and 
gold  in  the  seam  got  larger  and  richer.  An  incline 
300    feet   has    been    run,    representing    a    vertical 


depth  of  200  feet.  They  now  have  four  feet  of  gravel 
that  averages  70  cents  per  pan,  and  the  bedrock  still 
dipping. 

Hydraulic  work  is  about  to  be  resumed  on  the 
claims  about  Horsetown,  on  Clear  creek,  which  have 
laid  idle  for  fifteen  years.  F. 

Photographing  Frost  Flowers. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

At  this  time  of  the  year  when  Jack  Frost  draws 
his  beautiful  ferns  and  flowers  on  the  window  pane, 
who  has  not  often  wished  that  this  beautiful  work 
could  be  made  permanent  ? 

1 1  will  be  interesting  to  the  professional  as  well  as 
the  amateur  photographer  to  know  that  it  can  be 
made  permanent,  and  far  more  distinct  than  Jack 
Frost  ever  painted  them,  yet  with  all  the  beauty  of 
every  line  and  curve  that  is  found  in  the  original. 
But  one  must  enter  iuto  copartnership  with  the  frost 
king  himself  to  attain  the  desired  end.  It  is  accom- 
plished by  the  old  wet-plate  process.  Here  is  the 
secret : 

The  glass  plate  is  flowed  with  collodion  and  im- 
mersed in  the  sensitizing  nitrate  of  silver  bath  in  the 
usual  manner.  When  removed  from  the  bath  it  is 
put  in  the  light-tight  plate  holder  and  placed  where 
it  will  freeze.  While  frozen  it  is  placed  in  the  cam- 
era, focused  on  a  white  screen,  and  developed  in  the 
usual  wet-plate  way.  The  plate  should  be  kept 
frozen  till  the  developer  is  poured  on.  Beautiful 
border  negatives  can  be  made  in  this  manner,  and 
no  two  pictures  quite  alike.  To  produce  different 
effects,  the  holder,  when  laid  out  to  freeze,  should  be 
placed  sometimes  on  end,  sometimes  on  the.  side,  and 
at  other  times  on  the  face,  flat  down.  The  plate 
does  not  require  very  thorough  draining  when  re- 
moved from  thi!  bath.  Time  of  exposure  in  the  cam- 
era will  be  governed  to  suit  the  artist's  taste.  Of 
course,  a  long  exposure  gives  flat  pictures.  We 
have  made  negatives  in  one  or  two  seconds  that  gave 
prints  as  distinct  as  a  pen-and-ink  sketch  on  white 
paper.  We  tried  it  without  the  use  of  the  camera, 
by  a  slot  admitting  a  streak  of  white  light  into  the 
dark-room.  The  frozen  sensitized  plate  was  passed 
across  the  beam  of  light  and  developed  as  usual,  but 
the  result  was  not  so  good  as  in  the  camera. 

Henry  W.  Brown. 

Custer,  Wash.,  Jan.  10,  1895. 


The  Crooke  Process. 


African    Diamond    Mines. 


One  of  the.  processes  recently  brought  to  the  atten- 
tion of  the  public  that  promises  to  revolutionize  the 
treatment  of  ore  in  mountain  towns  is  the  one  calle.l 
after  its  inventor,  Prof.  John  J.  Crooke.  It  is  a 
modification  and  improvement  on  the  old  Augusta 
process,  which  was  introduced  in  Germany  half  a 
century  ago.  Tt  has  been  in  use  in  Prof.  Crooke's 
mill  at'Silverton,  Col.,  for  the  past  two  years. 

The  ore  is  broken  in  a  rock  crusher  and  from  there 
is  fed  to  ten  rapid  drop,  dry  crushing  stamps,  where 
it  is  pulverized.  The  pulp  is  then  mixed  with  a  cer- 
tain percentage  of  salt  and  roasted  in  an  old- 
fashioned  re verberatory  furnace,  thus  converting  the 
silver  into  a  chloride.  After  lying  on  the  cooling 
floor  for  twenty-four  hours  it  is  charged  while  still 
very  hot  into  large  leaching  vats  fitted  with  proper 
filters  in  the  bottom.  A  very  hot  saturated  solution 
of  salt  brine  which  has  been  strongly  acidulated  with 
sulphuric  or  hydrochloric  acid,  to  which  has  been 
added  a  certain  amount  of  a  solution  Prof.  Crooke 
has  not  yet  patented  and  the  nature  of  which  he 
keeps  secret,  is  run  upon  the  pulp  and  allowed  to 
stand  for  about  an  hour,  when  it  is  drawn  off  on 
precipitating  filters  of  peculiar  construction.  These 
filters  consist  of  a  series  of  square  wooden  frames 
about  seven  in  number  and  each  four  or  five  feet 
square,  arranged  one  above  the  other.  To  each  of 
these  frames  a  coarse  burlap  is  tacked  and  in  this  is 
placed  cement  copper. 

The  brine,  solution,  after  passing  through  the  ore,  ] 
is  conducted  to  the  uppermost  of  these  burlap  filters. 
from  which  it.  percolates  through  the  series  and 
drops  into  the  tank  below.  Immediately  the  brine 
solution  containing  the  silver  touches  the  cement 
copper  the  silver  is  precipitated,  forming  magnificent 
crystals  that  are  often  as  much  as  two  inches  in 
length.  An  amount  of  copper  goes  into  the  solution 
in  place  of  the  silver  and  this  is  precipitated  on 
scrap  iron  in  the  tank  below  the  filters  and  thus 
recovered. 

When  the  precipitation  of  the  silver  from  the 
brine  is  completed  it  is  carefully  scraped  off  the  re- 
maining cement  copper  and  melted  into  bricks, 
ready  for  the  refinery  or  for  shipment  as  the  case 
may  be.  The  cement  copper,  still  containing  a  little 
silver,  is  used  on  other  niters.  The  solutions  are 
purified  by  crystallizing  out  the  sulphate  of  soda  and 
by  precipitating  the  salts  of  the  baser  metals.  This 
Prof.  Crooke  does  but  once  in  each  season,  treating 
from  1000  to  2000  tons  of  ore  in  the  meantime. 

Prof.  Crooke  claims  that  ores  carrying  even  a  con- 
siderable percentage  of  the  baser  metals  can  be 
treated  by  this  process  without  difficulty.  A  mill  is 
now  being  erected  by  Prof.  Crooke  at  Pueblo. 


Alfred  Hale  says  the  entire  diamond-bearing  dis- 
trict of  South  Africa  has  been  walled  in  by  a  high 
stone  wall,  and  nobody  is  allowed  to  pass  in  or  out 
unless  he  is  subjected  to  the  closest  scrutiny.  Inside 
the  walls  are  10,000  negroes,  who  are  secured  for 
periods  of  six  months  at  a  time  to  work  in  the  mines. 
The  negros  are  fed  corn  meal,  and  are  paid  fifty  or 
sixty  cents  a  day.  They  come  from  the  interior  of 
the  country,  500  or  perhaps  1000  miles  away,  and  are 
ordered  to  the  mines  by  the  chief  of  the  tribes  on  the 
pain  of  instaut  death  if  they  refuse.  The  agent  of 
the  diamond  syndicate  pays  the  chief  a  liberal 
amount  for  his  aid  in  sending  workers  to  the  mines, 
and  the  poor,  ignorant  negroes  have  no  alternative 
but  obey.  Once  inside  the  gloomy  walls  the  black 
man  has  no  possible  chance  of  escape,  and  he  delves 
like  a  galley  slave  until  his  six  months  have  expired. 
Then  ho  is  paid  off,  and  the  entire  delegation  from 
one  tribe  marches  home  across  the  desert  in  a  body. 
It  is  seldom  that  a  black  is  seen  a  second  time  in  the 
mines. 

There  is  a  vei-y  satisfactory  reason,  so  far  as  the 
individual  is  concerned,  why  he  never  returns.  The 
diamond  miner  carries  home  with  him  money  enough 
to  buy  several  wives.  If  he  is  careful  of  his  earnings 
he  has  enough  hard  cash  to  buy  four  wives,  and  that 
is  the  summit  of  his  ambition.  Any  negro  owning 
four  wives  is  exempt  from  labor  for  the  remainder  of 
his  days.  He  is  known  as  a  "  gentleman,"  his  wives 
do  all  the  work  for  him,  and  he  poses  as  one  of  the 
big  men  of  the  tribe. 

This  is,  of  course,  a  strong  inducement  for  a  black 
man  to  go  to  the  mines,  but  the  chances  are  that  he 
will  die  from  exposure  or  fall  into  bad  company  and 
lose,  his  money,  so  the  nabobs  are  not  as  numerous 
as  one  might  suppose.  Very  little  is  known  of  what 
is  going  on  in  the  interior  of  the  diamond  region. 
Every  avenue  is  guarded  by  detectives,  and  a 
stranger  caught  loitering  about  in  the  neighborhood 
is  liable  to  be  sent  to  Cape  Town  for  five  to  fifteen 
years,  on  the  charge  of  buying  stolen  diamonds. 

Mr.  Hale  said  that  the  trade  in  stolen  diamonds  be- 
came so  heavy  a  few  years  ago  that  the  owners  of 
the  mines  organized  to  drive  the  traders  out  of  the 
country.  The  devices  for  concealing  and  carrying 
the  diamonds  out  of  the  mines  were  remarkable  for 
their  ingenuity  and  their  success.  The  law  of  the 
Dutch  Republic  required  that  any  man  charged  with 
diamond  theft,  or  purchasing  stolen  gems,  should 
have  the  privilege  of  a  trial  by  jury.  As  the  major- 
ity of  the,  jurors  were  generally  engaged  in  the  same 

SlIuQ-y      I  I  LLii^tH   tiuiift     ttic     convictiooo     wo-o     very  few 

and  far  between,  and  the  country  swarmed  with 
country  buyers.  Fortunes  made  on  the  outside  were 
larger  than  those  on  the  inside.  The  mine  owners 
bought  up  the  legislators,  and  a  law  was  passed  re- 
quiring all  diamond  cases  to  be  heard  before  three 
judges,  who  were  given  the  power  to  send  the  guilty 
man  to  the  breakwater  at  Cape  Town  for  a  long- 
period  of  years. 

The  law  has  worked  like  a  charm.  The  judges  are 
said  to  be  absolutely  unapproachable  from  the  stand- 
point of  the  diamond  buyer,  and  a  long  procession  of 
disappointed  speculators  has  been  marched  off  to  the 
south,  so  that  there  are  now  not  less  than  1000  con- 
victs from  the  diamond  region  piling  up  stones  to 
keep  baclc  the  ocean  at  Cape  Town.  Mr.  Hale  says 
it  is  the  most  disheartened  body  of  men  he  ever  saw, 
many  of  them  being  possessors  of  large  fortunes. 
The  edict  has  gone  out  against  the  diamond  buyer, 
and  he  was  practically  not  in  the  field  this  year  at 
South  Africa. 

Of  course,  the  European  syndicate  is  correspond- 
ingly happy,  but  the  Diamond  Trust  regulates  the 
output  at  its  will.  Merchan-ts  and  dealers  at  Kim- 
berly  are  on  the  verge  of  bankruptcy,  as  they  are 
under  the  eyes  of  paid  detectives  every  hour,  and 
their  books  are  regularly  inspected  by  officials  of  the 
Government,  who  are  working  in  the  interest  of  the 
European  mine  owners.  The  glory  of  Kimberly  has 
departed,  and  the  money  which  once  went  into  the 
capacious  pockets  of  the  merchants  now  goes  to  en- 
rich the  gilded  palaces  of  the  European  capitalists. 


Aerolites. 

These  strange  objects,  which  penetrate  the  earth's 
atmosphere  from  outer  space,  are.  stones  containing 
a  small  percentage  of  iron  alloyed  with  nickel. 
Twenty-six  of  the  elements  known  to  exist  in  the 
earth  have  been  found  in  meteorites.  In  size  they 
range  from  a  grain  of  sand  upward,  but  are  seldom 
seen  weighing  over  a  few  pounds.  It  is  believed 
that  millions  of  these  small  bodies,  occasionally  in 
swarms  but  often  widely  separated  from  each  other, 
are  flying  through  inter-stellar  space.  There  are 
several  resemblances,  in  their  orbits  and  other  re-' 
spects,  between  the  meteors  and  comets,  and  it  is 
possible  that  a  still  closer  relationship  may  yet  be 
discovered.  Proctor  and  others  were  inclined  to 
think  that  the  meteors  had  been  ejected  from  once 
active  volcanoes  on  the  moon,  and  some  astronomers 
have  suggested  that  they  were  thrown  off  explosively 
by  the  planet  Jupiter,  our  sun  or'  other  suns  (the 
fixed  stars).  Such  ideas,  however,  must  be  regarded 
as  more  or  less  plausible  conjectures,  and  not  as  ac- 
cepted facts. 


January  10,  1895. 

A  Thermostat  Alarm  System. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


The  object  of  tin-  system   illustrated   herewith  is 
fori.-  laiting  to  detect    the   heating  of 

the  bearings,  and  thus  call  attention   to  it  before  it 
becomes  hot  enough  to  do  auy  damag 

The  apparatus  of  small  instruments  which 

are  spaced  on  the   ceiling  of  a   room   or    any  other 

it  is  desired  to  guard  against  fire  '>r  exi 
heat.    These  instruments  are  then   connected  by  a 
im  of  wires  to  some  central  point,  as   the  office, 
where  an  alarm  bell  and  indicator  are  located.     The 
bell  instant                in  alarm  whenever  the  tei 
ature  in  the  vicinity  of  one  of   the  instruments  rises 
abnormally,  while  the  indicator,  which  is.  in  prin- 
like  the  well-kuown   annunciator,    shows  at   a 
e  the  exact    location  oi  the  instrument   which 
rheated. 
In  a                :   factory  it    is  customary   to 
extra  alarm  hells   in   one   or  two   bouses   for   night 
alarms,  a.-,  for  instance,   the   hon I   the   superin- 
tendent, then  when  an  alarm  is  given  they  have  only 
to  go  where  the  indicator,  generally   located  on   the 
outside    wall,   will  show  the  exact  location  of    the 
trouble.     In  cities  it                !  tary  to  connect   the 


removing  the  top  of  the  case     access  ean   be   had  to 
uits,  so  that    the  fault   ean   he   very 
quickly  run  down. 

The  system  of  wiring  used  in  the  buildings  is  a 
double  system,  the  wires  starting  from  the  office 
where  the  testing  apparatus,  etc.,  is  located,  run 
through  the  complete  circuit  and  return  to  th< 
again.  With  this  arrangement,  the  cutting  of  a 
wire  at  an)  point  does  not  disable  the  instruments 
which  give  the  alarm,  as  there  is  always  a  connec- 
tion back  the  other  way.  Fig.  '_'  shows  the  instru- 
ment which  is  placed  wherever  it  is  desirable  to  have 
.in  ala  mi  git  en  when  the  temperature  gets  above  the 
proper  point. 

It  is  customary   to  set   the  thermostats  so  they 
will  operate  at  about  Ho  fusing  point  of 

an  automatic  sprinkler  is  160  i.  bul  this  ran  be 
made  much  higher  if  it  is  desired  to  place  them  in 
hot  places,  such  as  dry  rooms  or  on  ceilings  over 
boilers.  Again,  if  it  is  desired  to  have  them  very 
sensitive,  it  is  perfectly  poc  ower  their  point 

of  operation  to  100'  or  ever 

The  eut  shown  in  Fig.  2  is  enclosed,  as  shown  in 
::.  For  dry  plaees  this  rase  is  ordinarily  made 
ood,  while  for  damp  localities  if    is  made  of   por- 

Pio 


perhaps,  groups  of  shafts,  and  then  wiring  each  one 
or  each  group  back  to  the  indicator  board.  Then 
the  Bprings  on  the  board  from  which  these  wires 
start  are  numbered  to  correspond,  as  shown  in 
When  an  alarm  is  given  the  lever  handle  is 
turned  through  the  circle.  The  bell  will  stop  ring- 
ing the  instant  the  handle  is  moved  from  its  normal 
position,  but  will  ring  again  the  instant  the  lever 
passes  under  the  spring  contact  to  which  the  circuit 
containing  the  thermostat  giving  the  alarm  is 
attached,  thus  indicating  at  once  the  point  of 
trouble. 

A  Soft  Thing. 

The  spies  of  the  Anti-Debris  Association   are   in 

this  section.     They  ride  out  a  few  miles  every  day  to 
se  their    horses,  and  to  make  a  p  of  do- 

ing something  for  their  employers.  When  they  re- 
turn to  Yuba  City  they  will  probably  take  along  two 
or  three  bottles  of  muddy  water,  as  evidence  that 
hydraulic-king  is  being  carried  on  in  this  vicinity. 

There  has  been  considerable  hydraulic-king  done 
the  past  few  days,  and  an  immense  quantity  of  debris 
has  been  washed  into  the  creeks  and  rivers  that  are 


alarm  with  the  nearest  fire  department  house,  and 
often  with  two  separate  houses.     A  circuit  breaker 

//  is  then  added,  which  causes  the  instrument  in  any 
building  to  strike  a  certain  number  on  the  alarm 
bell  in  the  engine  house;  this  shows  the  firemen 
exactly  which  building  the  fire  is  in.  Such  a  device 
is,  of  course,  necessary  where  there  are  a  number  of 
buildings  wired  to  the  same  engine  house.  The 
exact  location  .if  the  tire  is  then,  as  in  the  isolated 
plant,  shown  to  the  firemen  on  reaching  the 
building  by  the  indicator. 

It  is  necessary  in  any  such  system  to  be  abso- 
lutely sure  that  the  batteries  and  the  circuits  are 
always  in  perfect  order,  and  to  accomplish  this  a 
very  thorough  system  of  testing  has  been  devised. 

Fig.  1  shows  the  testing  case  which  is  generally 
located  in  the  office,  and  which  is  kept  locked  so  that 
it  cannot  be  tampered  with.  The  clockwork  ('moves, 
at  a  uniform  rate,  the  cylinder  ■ '".  which  carries  a 
roll  of  paper.  The  magnet  B  is  connected  with  the 
outside  lines,  that  is,  any  lines  running  outside  of 
the  building,  as  to  the  superintendent's  house  and 
the  fire  department  house.  The  magnet  -1  is 
attached  to  the  inside  wiring  of  the  building.  Now. 
by  turning  the  lever  E  shown  in  bottom  of  case,  all 
the  circuits  are  tested.  Those  inside  of  building  are 
put  in  series  eausiDg  the  current  to  flow  through 
magnet  A,  pulling  the  armature  and  punching  the 
paper  in   C". 

The  outside  circuits  being  in  series,  the  current  is 
diverted  through  magnet  B,  causing  the  armature  to 
punch  hole  in  roll.  C".  The  paper  on  C  is  so  ruled 
that  the  exact  time  in  the  week  of  the  year,  the  day 
of  the  week  and  the  hour  of  the  day  that  the  test 
was  made  can  be  seen  by  examining  it. 

The  object  of  this  mechanism  is  to  give  an  accurate 
record  of  these  tests,  thus  making  it  possible  to  see 
that  the  man  having  charge  of  the  apparatus  tesl  -  it 
as  frequently  as  is  required.  It  also  serves  as  a 
record  for  the  insurance  companies,  similar  to  the 
ordinary  watch-clock  record.  The  whole  apparatus 
is  so  arranged  that  it  is  revy  difficult  for  an  un- 
scrupulous attendant  to  tamper  with  it  and  make 
up  a  back  record  if  he  forgets  to  make  it  at  the 
proper  time. 

If  in  any  case,  on  throwing  the  lever  A*,  it  is  found 
that  no  record  is  made  on  the  cylinder  >''.  it  shows 
that  there  is  a  fault  somewhere  iu  the  lines;  then,  by 


:-:      *         * F  o  R  --■  ■ 
DETECTING  HOT  JOURNAL  BEARINCS. 

ELECTRIC    HEAT  ALARM  CO. 

I45HI&HST.     BOSTON,  MASS. 


?m 


celain.  having  a  porcelain  cap  which  screws  on  to 
the  base  and  entire!}'  covers  up  all  the  connections, 
leaving  only  the  bottom  of  the  mercury  cup  pro- 
jecting in  a  position  where  it  is  readily  subject  to 
heat. 

Another  use  to  which  this  thermostat  has  been 
put  is  shown  by  Fig.  4.  Here  the  little  mercury 
■  ops  are  fastened  directly  to  the  top  of  the  bearings 
of  a  line  of  shafting,  the  circuit  being  completed 
through  an  electric  battery  and  an  alarm  bell,  and 
whenever  a  bearing  heats  beyond  a  safe  point,  which 
point  can  be  exactly  determined  by  proper  adjust- 
ment of  the  movable  screw  of  the  thermostat,  an 
alarm  is  at  once  given  by  the  bell. 

Fig.  n  shows  the  indicator  which  is  used  with  the 
journal  bearing  system,  so  that  it  may  be  ascer- 
tained at  once  from  what  bearing  the  alarm  comes. 
This  is  accomplished  by  first  numbering  all  shafts,  or, 


tributary  to  the  navigable  streams.  This  has  been 
done  in  the  face,  of  the  rule  of  the  courts  that  no 
more  debris  shall  be  washed  into  these  streams,  but 
it  has  been  done  by  a  power  that  is  higher  than  the 
courts,  and  which  heeds  not  the  edicts  of  man. 

It  is  one  of  the  immutable  laws  of  nature  that  the 
water  will  run  down  hill,  and  people  who  live  at  the 
bottom  of  the  hill  are  apt  at  times  to  get  more  water 
than  they  want,  and  with  it  a  lot  of  extraneous  mat- 
ter that  is  carried  along  by  the  water.  Hydraulic 
mining  is  not  the  sole  cause  of  the  trouble  of  the  val- 
leys, but  nothing  can  make  some  of  the  people  in 
that  section  believe  but  what  it  is  responsible  for  it 
all. — Nevada  City  Transcript. 

The  Chicago  Tribune  says  that  in  India  the  price 
of  all  commodities  has  advanced  as  silver  has  de- 
preciated, and  that  the  advance  iu  wheat  has  been 
fifty  per  cent.  The  average  price  of  what  in  the 
United  States  in  1873  was  SI. 20  per  bushel,  and  as 
England  imported  during  that  year  from  India 
nearly  1,000,000  and  from  the  United  States  about 
6,000,000  bushels,  we  may  reasonably  assume  that 
the  price  in  India  was  about  the  same  as  in  the 
United  States,  or  say  $1.20.  If  wheat  has  advanced 
fifty  per  cent  in  India  since  1873,  it  must  be  worth 
$1.80  to-day.  Last  year  England  imported  from 
India  about  60,000,000  bushels.  The  average  price 
of  wheat  with  us  was  sixty-three  cents,  and  accord 
ing  to  the  Tribune  the  average  price  in  India  wa.- 
81.80.  Now.  will  our  contemporary  explain  hov 
it  chanced  that  English  merchants  purchased  So 
largely  in  India  at  £1.80  per  bushel  when  they  could 
get  as  good  an  article  nearer  home  for  sixty-three 
cents?  

Dr.  Heine  Marks,  a  St.  Louis  hospital  physician, 
claims  to  have  discovered  a  cure  for  diphtheria  which 
is  superior  to  antitoxin.  It  is  composed  of  two 
chemicals.  One  is  applied  by  swabbing  the  throat 
and  the  other  by  a  hypodermic  injection.  He  asserts 
that  this  system  is  free  from  certain  objections 
inhering  in  Professor  Behring's  plan;  it  never  pro- 
motes abscess  or  decomposition  by  reason  of  a  dis- 
eased condition  of  the  horse's  blood  from  which  the 
serum  is  obtained,  nor  does  it  breed  other  microbes, 
as  the  antitoxin  will  if  not  properly  or  carefully 
handled. 


38 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  19,  1895, 


fliriing   Reports  and    Mine  Salting. 


{Continued  from  page  88.) 


ship  had  been  surveyed  in  anticipation  of  the  future 
rush  for  land.  Some  natural  cracks  in  the  country 
rock  true  fissure  veins  which  Nature  had  overlooked 
when  the  mineral  solutions  were  ladled  out,  had  been 
filled  up  with  a  mixture  of  broken  tin  ore  from  Corn- 
wall, copper  tailings  from  Lake  Superior,  and  solu- 
ble silicates  for  cementiug  material.  In  the  camp  of 
the  promoters  we  found  a  barrel  of  the  soluble  sili- 
cates used. 

In  the  meantime,  the  idea  of  the  value  of  the  dis- 
covery had  grown  so  much  that  it  seemed  necessary 
to  sell  the  property  in  London.  The  United  States 
could  not  hold  it,  and  a  financier — who  was  really  a 
believer,  was  sent  across  the  water.  Curiously 
enough,  he  applied  to  people  for  whom  I  had  pre- 
viously made  reports;  and  on  my  return  to  head- 
quarters, with  the  principal  vein  in  my  possession,  I 
found  a  cable  asking  me  to  report  how  many  millions 
it  was  worth,  which  I  was  able  quickly  and  accu- 
rately to  determine.  Some  years  later  in  Colorado 
I  was  introduced  to  the  gentleman  who  planted  the 
deposit  with  the  explanation  that  I  was  the  indi- 
vidual who  had  taken  away  his  best  lode  in  a  small 
boat.  The  circumstantial  report  by  the  Cornish 
mining  captain  I  have  since  heard  explained  by  the 
fact  that  he  was  not  accustomed  to  the  particular 
brand  of  champagne  used  on  the  expedition. 

My  first  report  on  a  silver  property  in  the  same 
country  was  not  calculated  to  breed  confidence  in 
min.ag  methods.  I  had  left  England  with  a  full  re- 
port by  a  government  surveyor  of  the  mine  and  its 
riches,  but  the  claim  was  covered  by  the  virgin 
forest — not  a  sign  of  outcrop  or  working — nothing  to 
sample.  There  was  nothing  to  report  on  but  a  mag- 
nificent crop  of  black  flies  and  mosquitoes.  The  san- 
guine government  surveyor  had  evolved  his  descrip- 
tion out  of  his  inner  consciousness,  and  aided  by  a 
ten-foot  shaft  on  a  small  vein  on  an  adjoining  prop- 
erty. Since  that  time  I  have  never  felt  a  blind  con- 
fidence in  government  surveyors  as  mining  experts. 
The  salting  of  samples  is,  however,  much  more 
common  than  any  other  form  of  getting  ahead  of  the 
expert.  It  is  less  expensive  than  salting  in  advance, 
more  deadly,  and  can  be  nicely  adjusted  to  circum- 
stances and  to  the  individual  weakness  of  the  victim. 
When  the  owner  of  the  mine,  or  any  one  connected 
with  him,  is  allowed  to  assist  in  the  sampling  itself, 
there  is  no  lack  of  opportunity  with  some  ores  for 
the  artistic  salting  while  in  the  mine;  but,  as  a  rule, 
engineers  do  not  have  the  requisite  faith  in  human 
nature  to  accept  such  assistance  unless  the  char- 
acter of  the  ore  and  kind  of  samples  required  make 
salting  impossible  at  the  time.  In  a  strange  district 
where  assistance  of  some  sort  has  to  be  obtained  in 
breaking  and  transporting  large  samples,  and  the 
character  of  such  assistance  is  not  absolutely  cer- 
tain, the  engineer  must  guard  himself  by  duplicating 
entirely  alone  certain  test  samples.  Assuming  that 
samples  have  been  secured  without  any  chance  of 
outside  interference,  the  business  is  by  no  means 
ended,  for  the  enterprising  Salter  will  follow  those 
samples  until  actually  panned  or  assayed  or  taken 
out  of  his  reach.  I  propose  to  illustrate  some  of 
these  special  dangers  by  the  aid  of  a  few  personal 
experiences  which  will  show  that  neither  keeping 
samples  locked  up  or  sealed,  or  delivered  to  post- 
office  or  express  company,  will  insure  absolute  pro- 
tection in  all  circumstances.  In  fact,  to  paraphrase 
a  patriotic  maxim,  it  may  be  said  that  "eternal 
vigilance  is  the  price  of  freedom  from  salting." 

To  the  successful  cultivation  of  the  art  of  salting, 
no  great  knowledge  or  experience  of  mining  is  neces- 
sary, any  more  than  a  study  of  architecture  is  essen- 
tial to  the  practice  of  burglary.  True  ability  will 
assert  itself  in  this  as  in  other  employments  by  the 
invention  of  new  means  to  meet  special  cases,  and  by 
a  proper  discretion  in  regulating  the  dose  of  salt  ad- 
ministered to  the  temperament  of  the  patient. 
Sometimes  the  honest  miner  will  freely  relate  stories 
of  methods  by  which  experts  had  been  salted,  imply- 
ing delicately  that  no  such  schemes  would  be  suc- 
cessful with  his  hearer,  but  reserving  one,  unde- 
scribed,  for  purposes  of  personal  illustration  later. 
As  an  example  of  the  unexpected,  which  may  occur 
after  samples  have  been  safely  removed  fi-om  the 
mine,  I  may  refer  to  a  case  in  the  Rocky  mountains, 
where  I  had  taken  some  samples  to  the  nearest  town 
and  made  arrangements  with  the  local  assayer  for 
the  use  of  his  office.  I  preferred  to  make  my  own 
assays,  not  from  any  chance  of  his  knowing  where 
the  samples  were  from,  but  rather  from  a  distrust  of 
his  somewhat  rule-of-thumb  methods.  I  allowed  his 
brother  professional  to  continue  his  work  while  I  did 
mine;  and,  although  apparently  quite  satisfied  that 
I  should  pay  him  for  the  assays  and  do  the  work  my- 
self, his  feelings  must  have  been  injured,  for  he  doc- 
tored my  samples  without  any  other  possible  motive. 
This  inhospitable  action  caused  me  some  annoy- 
ance and  extra  travel,  but  otherwise  fortunately  had 
no  serious  results  beyond  somewhat  lessening  in  me 
the  proper  Christian  belief  in  one's  fellows. 

It  is  remarkable  how  generally  the  elementary 
knowledge  of  salting  is  distributed  over  the  earth. 
Wherever  mining  is,  there  the  Salter  is  likely  to  be 
developed,  regardless  of  differences  in  climate,  lan- 
guage or  religion.     The  art  is  not  unknown  in   Eng. 


land.  Not  long  ago  I  was  asked  to  look  at  a  gold 
placer  in  Wales,  and  though  I  should  not  have  picked 
the  country  myself  for  exploring  purposes,  the  terms 
offered  left  all  the  risk  on  the  other  side — so  I  went. 
The  owner  took  me  over  the  ground,  and  I  industri- 
ously panned  in  all  the  likely  spots  pointed  out  with 
never  a  color  to  cheer  my  heart.  The  owner  deli- 
cately intimated  that  perhaps  I  was  not  much  of  a 
hand  at  panning,  and,  further,  that  my  gold  pan  was 
a  poor  contrivance.  He  thereupon  sent  up  into  the 
mountains  for  a  certain  Welsh  mining  captain,  who 
duly  came  down  with  a  Mexican  wooden  batea,  and 
promptly  produced  good  prospects  from  various 
places.  He  was  so  very  skillful  that  when  I  gave 
him  a  sample  of  my  own  tailings  from  tests  before  he 
arrived,  without  mentioning  their  source,  he  got  a 
fine  healthy  show  of  gold  even  from  them.  When  I 
mentioned  that  he  had  been  working  on  what  1 
washed  out  without  getting  a  color,  the  Welshman 
was  so  confident  of  the  fault  being  on  my  side,  that  I 
took  half  of  the  next  sample  he  was  about  to  wash 
and  showed  in  my  pan  a  better  prospect  than  he  did 
with  his  half. 

(Tii  be  Continued.) 


No   Occasion    for   Spies. 


The  second  annual  report  of  the  United  States 
Debris  Commission,  which  has  recently  been  sub- 
mitted to  Congress,  contains  many  items  of  interest 
to  the  people  of  this  part  of  the  State,  comments  the 
Marysville  Democrat.  The  Commission  require  each 
mining  company  that  operates  a  hydraulic  mine  to 
report  to  them  monthly,  in  which  the  amount  of 
earth  washed  and  inches  of  water  used  is  stated  in 
in  detail.  W.  B.  Storey,  a  competent  and  trustwor- 
tby*assistant,  has  visited  and  inspected  the  mines  of 
the  district  during  the  entire  season,  watching  not 
only  the  mines  operated  under  permit  but  those  that 
have  not  yet  constructed  restraining  dams  or  set- 
tling reservoirs. 

The  Commissioners  have  visited  the  mines  in  per- 
son where  applications  have  been  made  for  permits, 
and  they  have  used  due  diligence  to  enforce  the  pro- 
visions of  the  law.  The  inspections  and  reports, 
say  the  Commissioners,  relate  to  the  effectiveness 
of  restraint  of  detritus,  and  include  observations  of 
the  quantities  of  materials  escaping  to  the  water 
cources.  A  system  of  observation  has  also  been  de- 
veloped by  the  use  of  the  hydrometer,  which  gives  in 
a  ready  maimer  that  proportion  of  escaping  material 
that  can,  for  the  purposes  concerned,  be  regarded 
as  soluble.  This  refers  to  the  clays  or  to  sand  in  ex- 
ceedingly minute  grains.  This  character  of  material 
can  be  stored  only  in  cases  where  a  period  or  rest 
can  be  secured  behind  barriers.  The  period  of  stag- 
nation is  rarely  sufficient  to  absolutely  precipitate 
all  suspended  material. 

To  require  this  would  in  most  cases  be  equivalent 
to  suppression  of  hydraulic  mining.  It  is  the  en- 
deavor of  the  Commission  in  each  case  to  reduce  the 
escape  to  a  minimum,  and  each  case  has  its  own  so- 
lution. It  will  be  noticed  that  the  Commissioners 
have  had  a  trusted  watchman  in  the  field  and  have 
used  every  precaution  to  prevent  illegal  mining.  It 
will  also  be  noticed  that  work  performed  under  their 
direction  has  been  the  means  of  permitting  several 
mines  to  be  operated,  by  which  a  large  number  of 
people  have  found  employment  and  a  considerable 
increase  made  in  the  output  of  gold.  At  the  same 
time  there  is  little  if  any  fault  found,  because  of  an 
increase  of  slickens  in  the  rivers,  and  this  is  why  the 
Democrat  has  favored  a  reduction  of  expenses  in  pay- 
ing the  manager  and  attorney  of  the  Auti-Debris 
Association. 


Mexico's  Mineral  Wealth. 


The  number  of  mines  now  being  worked  in  Mexico, 
according  to  recent  data,  is  at  least  cOOO,  with 
others  worked  only  at  intervals  and  still  others  whose 
operations  are  hardly  worthy  of  mention.  If  to 
these  are  added  the  large  number  of  abandoned 
claims,  many  of  which  if  reopened  would  yield  im- 
portant returns — even  greater  in  some  cases  than 
those  now  in  course  of- development — the  total  would 
reach,  according  to  our  chief  informant,  "  incredible 
figures,"  while  new  mines  are  being  discovered  day 
by  day. 

The  total  amount  invested  in  the  silver  mines  of 
Mexico  is  roughly  estimated  at  $800,000,000,  of  which 
not  more  than  one-eighth  is  American  capital,  while 
only  an  amount  equal  to  one-third  of  the  latter,  or 
$33,000,000,  is  British  capital.  The  annual  yield  of 
Mexican  silver  and  gold  collectively  is  set  down  at 
about  $40,000,000.  The  output  of  copper  figures  at 
about  $2,500,000  and  of  coal  at  $4,000,000.  If  we  in- 
clude, iron,  sulphur,  marble,  clay,  mercury,  salt, 
stone  and  metalloids,  1he  estimated  annual  total  of 
mining  products  would  amount  to  not  less  than 
$65,000,000. 


The  new  schedule  of  wages  for  the  Carnegie 
employes  at  Homestead  gives  an  average  for  every 
man  and  boy  of  $2  20  per  day.  Last  year  it  was 
$2.24;  in  1893,  $2.44;  and  in  1882,  $2.43.  Under  this 
new  scale  heaters  and  rollers  will  average  from  $5.50 
to  $7  per  day,  while  common  labor  will  not  be  re- 
duced. 


The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons. 


Their    History, 


Geography,    Geology,    Physical    and    Chemical 
Properties  and  Uses. 


NUMBER  XVIII. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  copyrighted  1804 
by  Henry  G.  Hanks,  F.  G.  S. 

The  Buena  Vista  Petroleum  Company  was  incor- 
porated in  February  of  this  year.  The  oil  fields  were 
in  Tulare  county,  now  Kern;  they  covered  an  area  of 
678  acres. 

James  M.  Kenton  of  Bear  valley,  Mariposa  county, 
reported  to  Hon.  Samuel  Purdy,  owner  of  these 
lands,  in  which  he  related  having  sunk  two  shallow 
wells  some  distance  apart,  which  filled  with  maltha 
in  one  night. 

On  January  4th,  seventy  cans  of  maltha  were 
shipped  to  San  Francisco  from  this  district  by  the 
Buena  Vista  Petroleum  Company. 

In  1860  Leonidas  Haskell  visited  this  locality  with 
General  Fremont.  He  found  "sulphur  and  salt 
springs  in  abundance,  but  fresh  water  was  scarce. 
When  wells  were  sunk  for  water  they  almost  invari- 
ably filled  up  with  mineral  tar."  He  was  shown  a 
fissure  or  crack  in  the  earth,  caused  by  an  earth- 
quake the  year  previous,  extending  for  miles,  "which 
in  many  places  was  filled  with  this  same  tarry  sub- 
stance." "The  atmosphere  was  absolutely  impreg- 
nated with  the  offensive  odor  of  bitumen  for  miles 
around;  and  it  was  a  common  saying  with  the  coasters 
running  from  San  Francisco  to  southern  ports,  that 
they  always  knew  when  they  were  off  San  Luis 
Obispo,  as  well  in  foggy  weather  as  in  clear,  by  the 
smell  of  tar." 

I  gathered  the  following  early  history  of  the  Kern 
county  asphaltum  beds  from  Mr.  John  Hambleton, 
whom  I  met  in  Bakersfiell  in  May,  1893: 

In  or  about  1861  he  was  living  in  Albuquerque, 
New  Mexico,  where  he  met  Lieut.  E.  F.  Beale,  U.  S. 
surveyor  of  California,  who  bad  information  of  oil 
indications  in  Tulare  county,  at  a  very  early  period. 
In  1864  Mr.  Hambleton  was  in  California,  and  met 
Taller  and  Choyer,  Daniel  Woodside  and  Stephen 
Bond,  who,  in  prospecting  in  Tulare  county,  had  met 
with  the  petroleum  indications  referred  to  by  Lieut. 
Beale.  fie  made  arrangements  with  Bond,  Who  re- 
turned with  him  and  revealed  the  locality.  The  laud 
had  been  surveyed  in  townships  only.  Mr.  Hamble- 
ton selected  that  portion  on  which  the  oil  indications 
were  the  most  conspicuous,  and  made  a  location, 
which  he  recorded  in  Visalia.  When  the  land  was 
finally  sectionized  he  relocated  his  claim  according 
to  the  new  lines.  A  company  was  incorporated  with 
the  name  "  Buena  Vista  Oil  Company,"  of  which 
Stephen  Bond  was  first  president. 

Soon  after,  E.  Beuoist,  a  French  chemist,  was 
sent  to  examine  the  claims;  his  report  being  favor- 
able, he  sauk  a  miner's  shaft  at  a  point  he  considered 
most  favorable.  This  opening  was  four  feet  square 
and  eighteen  feet  deep,  in  which  considerable  thick 
maltha  collected. 

Mr.  Hambleton  verified  the  statement  made  by 
Mr.  Haskell  as  to  the  fissure  made  by  the  earth- 
quake, and  said  that  in  some  parts  of  the  oil  belt, 
mineral  tar  rises  in  wells  sunk  for  water,  and  else- 
where water  is  covered  by  a  thin  film  of  oil. 

Attention  was  specially  called  to  certain  oil  indica- 
tions at  Mattole,  Humboldt  county,  known  for 
several  years  to  exist  at  that  locality;  these  indica- 
tions were  emanations  of  gas  and  seeping  of  oil  on 
the  surface  of  the  ground.  An  oil  belt  was  seem- 
ingly traced  from  the  Mattole  river  to  beyond  Cape 
Mendocino  on  the  north.  It  was  supposed  to  be. 
twenty  miles  long  and  fifteen  wide. 

Mr.  J.  W.  Henderson,  now  living  at  Eureka,  hav- 
ing heard  these  facts  stated,  made  an  overland  trip 
to  the  locality  from  San  Francisco;  he  prospected 
for  two  weeks  and  returned  with  two  gallons  of  oil 
as  a  sample.  Soon  after,  he  became  associated  with 
Judge  Levi  Parsons  of  San  Francisco  and  Thomas 
A.  Scott  of  Philadelphia.  The  land  being  unsur- 
veyed,  it  was  located  and  held  by  occupation,  pend- 
ing action  by  the  Land  Office. 

The  Petroleum  Oil  Works  of  Santa  Cruz  had  an 
office,  204  Montgomery  street,  San  Francisco. 

1865.— In  1865  the' Point  Arenas  Petroleum  Oil 
and  Coal  Company  had  an  office  in  Government 
House,  San  Francisco.  During  the  year  interest  in 
petroleum  in  California  had  increased,  until  it  be- 
came an  excitement.  There  was  much  activity 
displayed  in  several  sections  of  the  State, 
mainly  in  Colusa,  Contra  Costa,  Humboldt,  Los  An- 
geles, Santa  Clara  and  Ventura  counties.  An 
opinion  prevailed  that  extensive  deposits  of  petro- 
leum could  not  exist  in  the  absence  of  coal  beds. 
This  judgment  was  based  on  superficial  examina- 
tions and  the  question  frequently  asked,  Who  knows 
that  true  coal  does  not  exist  below  the  cretaceous 
and  tertiary  ?  remained  unanswered. 

Prof.  Wm.  P.  Blake  read  a  paper  before  the  Cali- 
fornia Academy  of  Sciences  Feb.  6,  referring  to  the 
Buena  Vista  deposits  as  a  new  discovery. 

Prospecting  continued  until  numerous  oil  com- 
panies were  incorporated,  and  forty  or  fifty  wells 
were  started,  mostly  in  Humboldt  county.  A  tabu- 
lar statement  was  published,  giving  the  number  of 
oil  companies  at  seventy,  having  a  collective  capital 
of  $50,000,000.  Prospecting  companies  were  formed 
from  one  end  of  the  State   to   the  other,   including 


January  19,  18%. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


39 


ral  eastern  incorporations,  which  began  to  ex- 
plore in  the  counties  of  Santa  Barbara,  San  Luis 
( »bispo  and  Ventura. 

The  following  are  the  counties  in  which  operations 
were  n  ost  active  during  this  year; 

,  (  ounty. — The  oil  district  in  this  county  was 
called  the  "  Bear  River  petroleum  district."  It  was 
at  a  locality  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  below  Sim- 
mons, now  Wilber,  mineral  springs.  There  were  ut 
least  twelve  companies  organized  to  sink  for  oil. 
None  met  with  material  success,  and  during  a  recent 
visit  to  the  locality  1  found  no  remaining  evidence  of 
former  workings.  Rowe  &  Fleeson  sank  a  well  one 
Simmons'  springs,  and  the  "  Antelope 
Vallev  and  Pioneer  Oil  Company  commenced 
operations  for  the  second  time. 

Contra  Costa  County      There  was  an  oil  excitement 
nty.     The    "San   Pablo   Petroleum  Com- 
pany    operated  one  mile  from  San  Pablo,  and  a  well 
-nnk    in    Marsh   canyon,    southeast  of   Mount 
Diablo 

Humboldt  I'mnty. — Operations  of  considerable 
magnitude  were  undertaken  in  this  county,  and  there 
seems  to  have  been  sufficient  encouragement  to 
warrant  it,  if  published  accounts  can  be  relied  upon. 
The  principal  locality  was  on  Mattole  river.  Thirty- 
three  companies  operated,  of  which  the  following 
were  the  most  prominent  and  active:  Buckeye, 
Brown  &  Knowles,  Comet,  Humboldt  Oil  Company, 
Irwin  Davis.  Mattole  Creek  Petroleum  Company, 
North  Fork  Oil  Company,  Paragon  Petroleum  Com- 
pany, Sacramento,  and  Yosemite. 

In  the  spring,  the  oil  lands  of  Humboldt  county 
having  been  surveyed  by  the  Government,  Mr.  J.  W. 
Henderson  and  associates  purchased  15,000  acres 
and  commenced  operations  under  the  name  "Joel 
Flat  Company.  The  usual  exaggerated  statements 
were  published,  which  added  fuel  to  the  excitement; 
for  example,  "Nothing  but  lack  of  facilities  for 
transportation  prevents  largo  quantities  of  crude 
petroleum  oil  from  coming  to  this  market  instead  of 
the  driblets  of  a  few  barrels  at  a  time  which  we  are 
now  receiving. "  It  was  also  stated  that  one  dollar 
per  gallon  was  eagerly  offered  for  crude  Mattole  oil. 
If  ithad  been  quoted  at  two  dollars  per  barrel  it 
would  have  been  nearer  to  the  real  value.  It  was 
also  widely  published  that  191  barrels  of  crude 
petroleum  of  40  gallons  each  were  the  product  of  the 
Mattole  district  in  October.  The  following  phenom- 
enon is  also  recorded  :  On  the  3d  of  August,  at  the 
Mattole  well  of  the  North  Fork  Oil  Company,  a  gush 
of  oil  rose  several  feet  above  the  opening.  It  soon 
fell,  but  left  the  well  brim  full.  The  next  day  the 
well  was  pumped  out  and  the  same  was  repeated, 
which  was  also  me  case  on  the  ntth  and  sixth  days. 
Thirty  barrels  of  the  oil  were  shipped  to  San  Fran- 
cisco. "Six  20-gallon  casks  of  the  oil  from  the 
Mattole  Oil  Company  was  the  first  shipment  of  Cali- 
fornia mineral  oil  received  at  San  Francisco  from  the 
north."  Mattole  river  and  the  town  of  Petrolia  lie 
near  the  sea  coast,  and  about  ten  miles  south  of  Cape 
Mendocino.  A  large  oil  spring  was  also  said  to  have 
been  discovered  near  big  bend  of  Mad  river.  These 
statements  are  gleaned  from  newspapers  published 
at  the  time.  While  it  is  probably  true  that  the  ac- 
counts were  rose-tinted,  it  is  also  quite  certain  that 
there  was  real  encouragement  and  that  prospects 
obtained  were  sufficient  to  prove  that  there  is  min- 
eral oil  at  this  locality,  which  at  some  other  time, 
when  conditions  are  more  favorable,  may  be  found  in 
paying  quantity.  When  the  excitement  subsided, 
which  it  soon  did,  work  was  suspended  and  was  not 
resumed  until  quite  recently. 

Los  Angeles  County. — The  San  Fernando  petroleum 
and  mining  district  was  organized  in  June,  and  C. 
Learning  was  elected  recorder.  The  Los  Angeles 
Petroleum  Company  sank  a  well  by  steam  power, 
which  on  the  28th  of  April  was  down  130  feet.  The 
"San  Fernando  Petroleum  and  Mining  Company" 
was  incorporated. 

Mendocino  County. — The  "  Bolinas  Petroleum  Com- 
pany "  commenced  operations  in  the  Arroya  Honda 
and  ou  the  Bolinas  ranch.  Mr.  T.  C.  Cherry,  a 
Pennsylvania  oil  operator,  came  to  California  to  es- 
tablish an  oil  refinery.  He  made  a  favorable  report 
on  the  property  of  the  Point  Arena  Oil  Company 
which  commenced  operation,  but  met  with  but  little 
success. 

Nevada  Comity. — Oil  is  said  to  have  been  found  ooz- 
ing from  the  ground  at  North  San  Juan. 

San  Joaquin  County. — The  Adams  well,  at  the  base 
of  Mount  Diablo,  acquired  considerable  celebrity. 
One  statement  credited  this  well  with  the  produc- 
tion of  six  gallons  of  oil  in  March,  which  sold  for  $1 
per  gallon.  If  it  produced  more,  the  yield  did  not 
continue,  for  operations  soon  ceased  and  the  locality 
was  abandoned. 

San  Mateo  County. — Mineral  oil  was  discovered  on 
Bell's  ranch,  fifteen  miles  below  Halfmoon  bay,  and 
at  Purissima  creek. 

Santa.  Barbara  County. — The  "  Philadelphia  and 
California  "  and  the  "Santa  Barbara  and  California  " 
petroleum  companies  were  incorporated. 

Santa  Clara  County. — A  well  135  feet  deep  was 
sunk  at  Lexington  by  some  Portuguese  who  were 
prospecting  for  coal.  I  was  there  at  the  time  and 
saw  indications  of  petroleum.  A  well  at  Moody  gulch 
began  to  produce  one  barrel  of  good  oil  per  day. 

Santa  Crvz  County. — The  Pennsylvania  Petroleum 


Company  commenced  operations  near  the  seacoast, 
six  miles  south  of  Santa  Cruz. 

Tulan  (Jaunty. — In  May  forty  cases  of  crude  oil 
were  sent  to  San  Francisco  from  the  "Pacific  and 
San  Joaquin  Company's  "  works  at  Buena  Vista — 
now  Kern  county 

Ventura  County,  —  It  was  stated  that  in  the  valley 
of  the  San  Buenaventura  hundreds  of  barrels  of  black 
oil  (maltha)  had  run  to  waste;  some  was  gathered 
and  sent  to  San  Francisco  for  treatment.  In  April, 
Professor  B.  Silliman  wrote  a  letter  to  Hon.  D.  H. 
Harris,  the  publication  of  which  had  great  influence 
in  stimulating  the  search  for  and  study  of  California 
mineral  oils.  During  this  year  there  was  an  unusual 
and  I  fear  an  uuhealthy  excitement  as  to  petroleum 
in  California.  It  was  thought  that  sinking  wells  in 
those  localities  where  indications  existed,  would 
surely  result  in  flowing  wells  such  as  were  at  that 
time  quite  abundant  in  Pennsylvania  and  elsewhere. 
(To  lie  Continued.) 


As  to  «•  Horse  Power. 


I  had  the  misfortune  not  long  since,  says  "  In- 
spector," to  travel  through  that  part  of  Indiana 
where  the  farmers  raise  sheep  and  horses  and  their 
sons  raise  what  the  late  Phil  Sheridan  preferred  to 
Texas  as  a  place  of  abode.  They  were  doing  it  just 
at  that  time,  for  it  was  during  the  July  unpleasant- 
ness at  Hammond.  A  man  was  sitting  near  me  who  in 
appearance  reminded  one  of  Alkali  Ike  and  in  ready 
information  of  a  college  professor.  I  at  once  sized 
him  up  as  a  civil  engineer  when  he  made  a  chance 
remark  about  horse  power.  I  happened  to  say: 
"  Do  you  suppose  half  the  people  who  use  that  term 
every  day  know  what  it  means?"  He  replied: 
"No,  I  don't;  and  what's  more,  I  think  it  is  one  of 
the  most  indefinite  terms  with  the  most  impractica- 
ble name  that  has  been  tolerated  in  scientific  books. 
Look  out  in  that  pasture  now.  There's  a  great  big 
Clydesdale  that  weighs  probably  1500  pounds  and 
another  little  skinny  devil  over  yonder  that  weighs 
scant  900  pounds.  Don't  tell  me  that  that's  a  proper 
unit  to  rate  a  steam  engine  on —  Auburn  ?  That's 
my  station.     Good  bye." 

I  was  sorry  the  fellow  left.  His  accent  indicated 
that  he  had  been  raised  in  Maine  and  lowered  in  In- 
diana: but  his  brief  closing  remark — cut  off  auto- 
matically, as  it  were — set  me  thinking,  and  I  felt 
like  thinking  aloud  for  awhile.  I  knew  that  a  horse 
power  was  the  work  required  to  raise  33,000  pounds 
one  foot  in  one  minute;  but  1  had  sometimes  for- 
gotten the  time  element  and  knew  when   riding  on 

ctroot  care     and     watohiug    loadod     drays     that    each 

horse  was  at  times  doing  more  than  that  amount  of 
work.  But  at  this  particular  time  I  was  impressed 
with  the  crudeness  of  the  formula  that  somebody 
had  thrust  upon  us  and  which  had  been  retained  for 
lack  of  ingenuity  to  invent  a  term  which  would  mean 
scientifically  the  same  thing,  but  which  would  have  a 
less  number  of  contradictions  in  nature,  or  require 
less  averaging  up  on  the  part  of  the  unenlightened 
in  order  to  arrive  at  an  understanding. 

Having  this  subject  in  mind,  the  address  of  Presi- 
dent Henry  Morton  of  the  Stevens  Institute  of  Tech- 
nology, to  the  last  year's  graduating  class,  recently 
brought  to  my  attention,  came  to  me  as  a  very 
pleasant  assistance.  President  Morton,  among  a 
score  or  so  of  "  engineering  fallacies,"  which  formed 
the  subject  of  his  address,  mentioned  the  common 
error  of  failing  to  recognize  a  horse  power  as  a  rate 
of  doing  work  rather  than  an  amount  of  work  done. 
That  is,  a  horse  power  is  the  amount  of  work  a  horse 
is  supposed  to  be  capable  of  doing,  not  only  this 
hour,  but  the  next,  and  so  on  for  as  many  hours  as  a 
respectable  man  will  keep  a  horse  at  work.  The 
equivalents  are  not  calculated  for  jackasses.  How- 
ever, some  of  them  appear  to  have  been  at  work 
upon  the  other  side  of  the  question,  for  Professor 
Morton  mentions  several  instances  in  which  the  hoary 
old  principle  of  "  conservation  of  energy,"  and  the 
adage  that  "  things  are  not  what  they  seem,"  are 
ignored  with  equal  adroitness. 

Here,  for  instance,  is  an  engine  using  liquefied 
ammonia  in  the  place  of  steam.  It  was  made  to 
raise  33,000  pounds  one  foot  high.  It  took  ten 
minutes  to  do  it,  but  it  was  easy  to  convince  an 
ordinary  observer  that  the  machine  developed  one 
horse  power.  As  a  matter  of  fact  it  would  take  ten 
of  them  to  do  it. 

The  second  example  under  this  head  I  want  to  put 
in  President  Morton's  own  words,  and  it  is  given  for 
illustrating  how  easily  one  may  be  led  to  disbelieve 
the  evidence  of  his  own  knowledge.  These  are  his 
words: 

"  I  was  asked  to  test  a  dynamo  machine  for  which 
the  claim  was  made  that  it  was  many  times  as 
efficient  as  the  best  Brush  or  Weston  dynamos.  I 
suggested  that  this  was  not  possible  because  the 
above  named  machines  had  efficiencies  of  between 
eighty  and  ninety  per  cent  as  a  theoretical  maxi- 
mum. The.  reply  to  this  led  to  the  following  ques- 
tions and  answers: 

"Q.  How  much  power  does  the  ordinary  Brush 
arc  light  require '! 

"A.  About  one  horse  power. 

"  Q.  How  does  a  man  power  compare  with  a  horse 
power  ? 

('  A.  As  about  one-fifth  to  ope- tenth  to  one, 


"Q.  If  then  one  man  with  the  dynamo  under  dis- 
cussion can  run  one  Brush  arc  light,  will  not  that 
prove  the  machine  to  be  from  five  to  ten  times  as 
efficient  as  a  Brush  dynamo  '! 

"To  this  I  replied  that  I  would  like  to  see  it  done. 

"  In  due  time  there  came  to  hand  a  large  flywheel 
mounted  on  a  frame,  with  a  pulley  for  belting  to  the 
dynamo  and  a  winch  to  turn  it  by. 

"All  being  arranged,  it  was  found  that  a  strong 
man  could  in  fact  keep  up  an  arc  light  with  this  ap- 
paratus/""/- about  fifty  seconds." 

But  not  longer. 

The  origin  of  the  term  "horse  power"  is  some- 
what interesting.  The  first  uses  of  steam  engines 
were  to  drive  machinery  for  which  horses  had  previ- 
ously been  the  motive  power.  It  was  therefore  quite 
natural  that  Boulton  and  Watt  in  their  early  experi- 
ments with  the  steam  engine  should  indicate  the 
capacity  of  their  new  machines  in  units  of  known 
powers.  They  knew  by  observation  that  the  horses 
employed  around  London  breweries  in  draying  and 
in  the  mining  districts  in  hoisting  accomplished 
about  the  same  amount  of  work  in  each  working  day 
of  eight  hours.  It  also  appeared  that  a  horse  was 
working  to  the  best  advantage  when  traveling  at  the 
rate  of  two  and  one-half  miles  per  hour.  It  was 
then  easy  to  ascertain  from  the  different  classes  of 
work  that  at  this  rate  of  speed  a  horse  could  raise 
a  weight  of  150  pounds  by  means  of  a  rope  passed 
over  a  pulley.  In  one  minute  the  weight  would  be 
raised  220  feet.  By  a  simple  calculation  this  was 
reduced  to  a  workable  unit  in  terms  of  one  foot  and 
one  minute,  giving  33,000  pounds  as  the  result. 
Since  the  time  of  Boulton  and  Watt  this  has  been 
the  generally  accepted  unit  of  power  in  prime 
movers,  though  the  French  cheval  vapeur  is  some- 
thing over  1000  pounds  less. 

The  time  limit  again  comes  up  in  a  different  way 
when  we  say  rashly  that  a  horse  can  lift  33,000 
pounds  a  foot  high  by  means  of  a  rope  passed  over  a 
pulley.  It  would  certainly  require  the  accessories  of 
smooth  track  and  light  running  gear  to  warrant  the 
expectancy  that  a  horse  could  draw  161  tons,  to  say 
nothing  of  lifting  a  dead  weight  of  that  amount.  In 
fact  his  actual  hauling  capacity  is  about  one- 
twentieth  of  this.  The  fallacy  appears  here.  If  the 
weight  could  be  raised  at  all  it  could  probably  be  as 
easily  done  in  a  second  as  in  a  minute.  The  difficulty 
arises  from  the  introduction  of  nature  in  the  shape 
of  a  horse  into  mathematical  formula3..  If  a  hen  and 
a  half  lay  an  egg  and  a  half  in  a  day  and  a  half,  it 
opens  up  pleasing  possibilities  in  the  way  of  mathe- 
matics to  reduce  the  result  to  known  terms.  But 
nature  abhors  the  sight  of  half  a  hen  laying  a  half 
egg- 

Tin  nines  of  West  Australia. 


A  practical  miner  who  recently  visited  the  tin 
fields  at  G-reen  Bushes,  West  Australia,  gives  the 
following  account  of  operations  : 

"  The  ground  previous  to  my  going  there  was  all 
held  by  companies  under  leases,  but  in  consequence 
of  an  amendment  in  the  mining  laws  enforcing  the 
labor  conditions,  they  were  all  abandoned  and  taken 
up  by  individual  miners,  and  worked  under  mineral 
licenses  which  cost  10s.  each  per  year.  Each  license 
entitles  the  holder  to  four  chains  by  four  chains  of 
ground.  Generally  two  men  amalgamate  two 
claims  by  paying  a  fee  of  5s.  to  the  registrar.  It  is 
mostly  shallow  sinking,  from  8  feet  or  9  feet  to  20 
feet.  All  the  dirt  requires  to  be  puddled  in  puddling 
machines,  and  then  sluiced  in  sluice  boxes.  After 
that  the  tin  requires  to  be  streamed  until  it  is  quite 
clean  and  free  from  sand.  It  is  then  dried  in  a  shed 
on  an  iron  plate  over  a  fire,  and  then  put  in  canvas 
bags — about  1  cwt.  in  a  bag.  It  is  then  sent  to 
Sydney,  through  the  agency  of  the  bank,  to  be 
smelted  and  sold.  There  are  no  smelting  works  for 
tin  in  Western  Australia,  Adelaide  or  Melbourne. 
It  costs  25s.  per  ton  to  ship  the  tin  to  Sydney.  All 
charges  included,  it  costs  about  £3  15s.  per  ton  to 
get  the  tin  to  Sydney.  Seventy  percent  is  standard 
tin.  At  the  present  time  it  is  worth  about  £42  per 
ton  in  Sydney.  It  is  sold  subject  to  assay  value. 
There  are  about  100  miners  employed  on  an  average 
on  the  field,  and  the  produce  amounts  to  from  250  to 
300  tons  yearly.  It  is  only  a  small  field  and  has  been 
open  for  about  five  years.  There  is  another  tin  field 
in  the  northwest  at  the  Shaw  river.  It  has  already 
produced  about  250  tons  of  tin.  The  miners  on  the 
tin  fields  generally  made  fair  wages." 

"  The  Cyanide  Process;  Its  Practical  Applica- 
tion and  Economical  Results,"  is  the  title  of  Bulle- 
tin No.  5  issued  by  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  a  pam- 
phlet of  135  pages,  written  and  compiled  by  Dr.  A. 
Scheidel,  E.  M. ,  being  an  account  of  the  methods 
employed  in  the  application  of  the  cyanide  process  in 
extracting  gold  and  silver  from  ores  in  all  parts  of 
the  world.  It  is  a  compendium  of  up-to-date  in- 
formation on  this  subject  and  is  of  practical  value, 
for  there  is  very  little  theory,  the  volume  being  de- 
voted to  telling  what  the  process  is,  what  it  costs, 
and  how  it  can  be  best  handled — just  such  a  treatise 
as  a  man  interested  in  the  matter  in  any  way  wants 
to  get.  It  may  be  had  upon  application  to  the  Cali- 
fornia State  Mining  Bureau,  Pioneer  Building,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  Non-residents  should  send  6  cents 
postage. 


40 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  19, 1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 


Value  of  Water  Power  as  Source 
of  Energy. 


Owners  of  water  privileges  are  be- 
ginning to  realize  the  fact  that  the 
value  of  water  power  as  a  source  of 
energy  has  been  greatly  enhanced 
since  the  introduction  of  electrical 
transmission. 

Under  proper  conditions  water  is 
the  cheapest  source  of  energy  known. 
It  only  requires  to  be  controlled  by 
dams,  flumes  and  other  devices,  to 
regulate  the  volume  of  water  supplied 
to  the  wheel.  The  running  expenses 
are  merely  nominal,  as  the  source  of 
energy  is  supplied  by  nature  and  is  al- 
ways at  hand,  and  the  water  wheel,  if 
properly  constructed  and  properly 
placed,  requires  practically  no  repairs, 
no  skilled  attendants  and  attention. 
Regulators  and  governors  are  now 
made  which  render  it  possible  to  give 
as  great  steadiness  to  this  form  of 
power  as  the  steam  engine  gives;  and 
by  the  use  of  electricity  the  power  can 
be  transmitted  long  distances  with  but 
a  fractional  loss  of  energy. 

The  great  improvements  in  the  steam 
engine  during  the  past  quarter  of  a 
century  necessitated  corresponding  im- 
provements in  the  water  wheel,  and 
the  inventive  genius  of  the  water-wheel 
makers  came  to  the  rescue.  In  1S04 
a  patent  was  issued  to  Benjamin  Tyler 
of  New  Hampshire  for  a  "wry  fly" 
wheel,  which  was  based  on  some  of  the 
principles  of  the  modern  turbine.  This 
wheel  was  not  used,  however,  and  the 
real  history  of  the  turbine  dates  from 
the  invention  of  Fourneyron,  who  in- 
stalled the  first  one  in  France  in  1827. 
This  wheel  was  small,  and  was  tested 
under  a  low  head  of  water,  but  devel- 
oped surprising  capacity.  Power  is 
generated  first  by  utilizing  the  weight 
of  the  water,  as  in  the  overshot  wheel; 
second,  by  the  impact  of  the  water,  as 
in  the  modern  turbine  or  the  undershot 
wheel;  and  third,  by  a  combination  of 
these  two,  as  in  the  breast  wheel. 
There  should  also  be  added  to  these  the 
reaction  or  recoil  of  the  water,  which 
is  now  made  use  of  in  the  best  designed 
turbines  and  impact  wheels. 

The  main  point  of  difference  in  tur- 
bines is  the  manner  in  which  the  water 
is  received  and  discharged.  The  water 
may  be  received  on  top  of  the  buckets 
or  on  the  sides,  and  the  discharge  may 
be  outward  or  side,  downward  and  in- 
ward or  central.  Fourneyron  made 
use  of  both  impact  and  reaction,  and 
his  wheel  was  of  the  side  or  outward 
discharge  type.  There  are  to-day  hun- 
dreds of  thousands  of  horse-power  run- 
ning to  waste  in  the  rivers  and  water- 
ways of  this  country,  because  of  their 
remoteness  from  industrial  centers,  and 
of  the  open  question  of  economy  of 
long-distance  electric  transmissions. 
But  it  is  only  a  question  of  a  short 
time  when  owners  of  privileges  on 
these  streams  shall  realize  very  hand- 
some, profits  by  transforming  this 
latent  power  into  electricity  by  means 
of  water  wheels.  Even  with  the  pres- 
ent knowledge  of  electric  transmission, 
most  of  these  water  privileges  could  be 
used  to  generate  cheap  electricity  for 
lighting  neighboring  towns  and  oper- 
ating electric  railways. 

Hydraulic  engineers  claim  that  water 
power  per  horse  power  should  cost,  on 
an  average,  considerably  less  than 
steam  power,  and  the  Niagara  com- 
pany evidently  believe  that  this  is  ap- 
proximately true  when  it  is  reported 
as  offering  to  deliver  in  Buffalo  and  ad- 
joining centers  electricity  generated  at 
its  great  plant  by  the  water  of  Niag- 
ara, for  $15  or  less  per  horse  power 
per  year  when  units  of  considerable 
size  are  called  for. 

The  greatest  obstacle  which  is  en- 
countered in  the  successful  operation 
of  water  wheels,  from  an  economical 
point  of  view,  is  that  there  is  too  often 
an  entire  absence  of  employment  of  en- 
gineering skill  in  utilizing  the  power. 
Many  a  water  power  would  develop  a 
greater  efficiency  had  it  been  properly 
controlled,  and  had  the  turbine  been 
selected  because  of  its  adaptability  to 
the  conditions  and  been  properly  set. 

When  first  introduced  turbines  were 


used  singly.  Now,  however,  they  are 
used  either  singly  or  in  sets  of  two  or 
three  or  more,  as  expedient,  and  in 
batteries  of  sets;  and  by  the  use  of  iron 
or  steel  penstocks  and  feed  pipes  the 
expense  of  installing  has  been  largely 
reduced  and  much  greater  economy  in 
the  use  of  water  secured.  The  grow- 
ing demand  for  large  units  of  power 
has  been  satisfied,  so  that  whereas  a 
few  years  ago  a  500-  horse  power  tur- 
bine was  almost  unheard  of,  to-day 
turbines  of  5000-horse  power  have  been 
introduced. 


How  the  Mind  is  Affected  by  the 
Weather. 


The  psychology  of  the  weather  is 
suggested  by  fir.  T.  D.  Crothers  as  a 
promising  subject  for  study.  He  says: 
' '  Very  few  persons  recognize  the 
sources  of  error  that  come  directly 
from  atmospheric  conditions  on  experi- 
menters and  observers  and  others.  In 
my  own  case  I  have  been  amazed  at 
the  faulty  deductions  and  misconcep- 
tions which  were  made  in  damp,  foggy 
weather,  or  on  days  in  which  the  air 
was  charged  with  electricity  and 
thunder  storms  were  impending.  What 
seemed  clear  to  me  at  these  times  ap- 
peared later  to  be  filled  with  error. 
An  actuary  in  a  large  insurance  com- 
pany is  obliged  to  stop  work  at  such 
times,  finding  that  he  makes  so  many 
mistakes  which  he  is  only  conscious  of 
later  that  his  work  is  useless.  In  a 
large  factory  from  ten  to  twenty  per 
cent  less  work  is  brought  out  on  clamp 
days  and  days  of  threatening  storm. 
The  superintendent.  in  receiving 
orders  to  be  delivered  at  a  certain 
time,  takes  this  factor  into  calculation. 
There  is  a  theory  among  many  persons 
in  the  fire  insurance  business  that  in 
states  of  depressing  atmosphere 
greater  carelessness  exists  and  more 
fires  follow.  Engineers  of  railway 
locomotives  have  some  curious  theories 
of  trouble,  accidents  and  increased 
dangers  in  such  periods,  attributing 
them  to  the  machinery."  Dr.  Crothers 
adds  that  the  conviction  prevails 
among  many  active  brain  workers  in 
his  circle  that  some  very  powerful 
forces  coming  from  what  is  popularly 
called  the  weather,  control  the  work 
and  the  success  of  each  one. 


Theory  of  the  Tides. 


No  theory  of  the  tides  has  been  offer- 
ed which  gives  entire  satisfaction  to 
aU  scientists,  but  the  one  generally  ac- 
cepted is  this:  The  moon,  acting  alone, 
would  not  only  raise  a  wave  on  the  side 
of  the  earth  nearest  to  it,  by  gravita- 
tion, but  would  also  draw  the  earth 
itself  far  enough  out  of  its  course  to 
leave  behind  some  of  the  water  on  the 
further  side;  which  water  would  then 
be  raised  relatively  to  the  earth's  sur- 
face, and  constitute  the  second  tidal 
wave.  The  sun  alone  would  act  sim- 
ilarly, although  its  tide-raising  effect  is 
only  about  two-fifths  that  of  the  moon. 
At  new  moon  the  sun  and  moon  pull 
together  and  give  higher  tides  than  at 
the  first  and  third  quarters,  when  the 
sun  draws  its  right  angles  to  the  line 
of  the  moon's  attraction-  At  full  moon, 
when  the  sun  is  on  the  opposite  side  of 
the  earth  from  the  moon,  virtually  the 
same  effect  is  observed  as  at  new  moon. 
The  outer  of  the  solid  earth  would  not 
at  that  time  be  shifted  to  one  side,  but 
the  double  tide-raising  actian  of  the 
sun  would  again  be  super-imposed  on 
that  of  the  moon  and  give  tides  on  op- 
posite sides  as  high  as  those  a  fortnight 
before. 

An  aerial  wire  ropeway  on  the 
Bleichert  system. has  been  erected  at 
the  gold  mine  on  the  Joe's  Luck  and 
Bon  Accord  Company,  near  Barberton, 
East  Africa.  The  horizontal  distance 
from  the  mine  to  the  mill  is  2,584.59 
yards,  the  total  length  of  the  ropeway 
itself  being  2,701,286  yards.  The  total 
fall  of  the  line  is  1,586.31  feet,  the 
steepest  gradient  being  53  per  cent, 
and  the  longest  span  being  813.67  feet. 
The  transport  capacity  of  the  line,  as 
fixed  by  the  company  is  42  tons  of 
quartz  per  day,  with  a  hauling  rope 
speed  of  295.2  feet  per  minute. 


Stamp  Mills! 

VULCAN  WIRE  ROPEWAY 

For  Conveying  Ore,  Cordwood,  Etc. 


S.vydeh  Mine.  _->---./-:"—    ,'    -    .  -■:,  --V_--'.s-,  "_ 

Ke\m-:-i't,  Cal.     -.:"   -S -  ■■  1"-^~ev P^r>'...-- 

In    reply    to  in-    ■-i^-,'?^-3^"    L  ''-'     £-'_.'     >'-; 
Qiiiry  lis    to    how    ~~      ----------  __ frv 

Tramway    is    do-    %;~_       ' ' .:  .  ■     .    "_  __r-'~--— jv 
iiig-.  am  prepared     .r^--^-  !■_-_"—  -=  -.'-  - 
to   state    that    it 

has  given  ENTIRE  SATISFACTION  IN  EVERY  PARTICULAR. 
Judkins  Tramway  Cu..  Pomeroy.  Wash. 
It  will  give  us  great  pleasure  to  recommend  your  Ropeway  and 
your  Company  as  well  to  any  persons  who  may  be  thinking  of 
erecting-  Ropeways. 

San-Anukkas,  Dukango,  Mexico.  March,  20, 1894. 
I  desire  by  this  letter  to  testify  that  the  Vulcan  Wire  Ropeway 
furnished  to  this  Company  by  your  Works,  and  erected  by  vour 
engineer.  B.  Melntire,  is  of  the  very  best  class,  and  has  given  us 
entire  satisfaction  since  its  installation. 

ANTONIO  H.  PAREDES,  Director  S.  A.  dela  S.  M.  Co. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  'wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 


ind   for   Price    List. 


THE    JUDSON 

Dynamite  and  Powder  Co. 


■  MANUFACTURERS  OF- 


Dynamite  and  Blasting  Powders, 

300  Market  Street,  San  Francisco. 

DIRECTORS— Alvinza  Hayward,  Jos.  Knowland,  Bartlett  Doe,  C.  S.  Benedict,  Ed.  G.  Lukens  (President). 


A.  T.  DEWEY. 


W.  B.  EWER. 


O.  H.  STRONG. 


AMERICAN  AND  FOREIGN 

Patent  Solicitors. 


220  MARKET  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


January  19,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


41 


Mechanical   Progress. 

Manufacture    of     Circular    Saws. 


Circular  saws  are  now  made  from 
oast  steel,    specially   manufactured  for 
the  purpose,  the  metal  t>»-iti^r  cast    in 
-  of  various  sizr-  :ncr   on 

the  size  of  the  saw  required.  When 
the  manufacture  of  a  saw  is  commenced 
one  of  these  ingots  is  placed  in  a  large 
furnace,  brought  to  the  desired  heat, 
and  while  hot  passed  through  powerful 
rolls,  which  gradually  reduce  il  to  the 
required  thie  I        | late  is  then 

centered  and  scribed   round   to    mark 
the  shape  of  the  circle,  and  passed   to 
the  shearer,  who  cuts  it  into  a  circular 
the  center  hole  is  then  bored. 

It  is  next  banded  over  to  the  toi 
who  punches  or  Bays  oul  the  teeth 
round  the  edge  (this  leaves  the  proper 
shape  of  the  teeth  standing  up  promi- 
nently); they  arc  afterward  roughly 
filed  or  ground  with  emery  wheels  to 
takeoff  the  burr  caused  by  the  heating. 

The  rough  saw  is  now  again  heated 
in  a  large  furnace,  something  like  a 
baker's  oven,  until  it  becomes  of  a 
bright  red  color.  It  is  then  taken  out, 
and  while  hot  plunged  in  a  bath  of 
sperm  oil,  which  renders  it  hard  and 
brittle.  After  being  withdrawn  from 
the  bath  the  oil  is  partly  cleaned  off 
and  it  is  returned  to  the  furnace,  where 
it  is  allowed  to  remain  until  the  re- 
mainder of  the  oil  has  been  burned  off, 
this  process  giving  the  saw  tho  re- 
quired temper  and  rendering  it  tough. 
When  the  tempering  process  is  com- 
pleted the  plate  is  allowed  to  cool,  and 
then  taken  in  hand  by  the  hammer- 
man.  and  hammered  on  a  steel-faced 
anvil  until  it  becomes  straight. 

The  saw  is  next  ground  by  being 
caused  to  revolve  in  a-  perpendicular 
position  between  two  large  grind- 
stones, which  themselves  also  revolve 
in  a  contrary  direction;  it  is  after- 
wards polished  with  emery  on  a  large 
revolving  disk,  and  once  more  passes 
into  the  hands  of  the  hammer-men, 
who  strike  it  with  smooth-faced  ham- 
mers on  an  anvil,  as  Detore,  until  it  is 
absolutely  straight  and  true  and  has 
acquired  the  proper  tension  which 
allows  for  expansion  while  the  saw  is 
revolving  at  work.  The  teeth  are  now 
set,  to  allow  for  clearance  when  at 
work  sawing  timber,  the  teeth  being 
slightly  bent  alternately  to  the  right 
and  left.  The  saws  are  afterward 
sharpened  by  being  filed  on  front  and 
top  of  teeth,  this  operation  completing 
their  manufacture. 


it  through  as  at  present.      To  this  end 
a  number  of  enormous  copper  cylinders  I 

:ed    to  the   vessel,    the  speed  at- 
tained   depending    on    the  s] d   of  the  j 

copper   cylinders,   and  it   is  computed  ' 
that    thirty-one   knots  an  hour  can  be 
i  i   ering  is  done  by 

a  kind  of  hydraulic  pump,  and  an  ad- 
vantage claimed  is  that  no  way  is  lost 
in  altering  the  course.  It  is  hoped 
that  the  vessel  will  be  built  without 
loss  of  time.  The  trial  trip  will  be  ! 
made  between  Dieppe  and  Xewhaven. 


Tests  have  recently  been  made  to  de- 
termine the  loss  of  heat  from  steam 
pipes  due  to  radiation,  three  distinct 
conditions  being  observed,  namely, 
bare  pipes,  pipes  covered  with  one  inch 
of  composition,  and  pipes  covered  with 
one  inch  of  composition  and  three  lay- 
ers of  hair  felt,  each  half  an  inch  in 
thickness.  The  steam  pressure  used 
was  from  forty-five  to  sixty  pounds, 
and  the  results  showed  that  with  one 
inch  of  composition  out  of  a  possible 
loss  of  100  per  cent  83 J  per  cent  was 
saved,  and  with  the  extra  felt  covering 
8}  per  cent  additional  was  saved.  It 
is  stated  that  if  one  pound  of  coal  is 
required  to  evaporate  eight  pounds  of 
water  into  steam  at  sixty  pounds  pres- 
sure then  six  and  one-half  hundred- 
weight of  coal  would  be  needed  every 
year  to  make  good  the  loss  of  heat  for 
every  square  foot  of  uncovered  steam 
Pipe- 

On  the  three  hours'  trial  trip  of  the 
English  torpedo  boat  destroyer  Ferret, 
the  wonderful  speed  of  27.31  knots  is 
said  to  have  been  developed.  This  is 
nearly  equal  to  31.7  miles  per  hour, 
which  is  higher  than  the  average 
speed  of  many  express  trains.  The 
Ferret  is  194  feet  long  and  19  feet  3 
inches  beam,  with  a  draught  of  5  feet, 
her  displacement  being  220  tons.  The 
engines  are  of  the  triple  expansion 
type,  the  cylinders  being  19.29,  and  43 
inches  by  18  inches  stroke. 

A  little  steamer  of  a  hundred  tons 
is  at  present  being  constructed  at  Ar- 
genteuil,  according  to  the  invention  of 
M.  Bazin,  which  consists  of  rolling  the 
ship  over  the  water  instead  of  forcing 


Bells. 

Bell  making  is  one  of  the  great  in- 
dustries in  this  country,  yet  how 
seldom  we  hear  of  it.  Foreign  coun- 
tries recognize  that  our  bells  are 
superior  in  tone  to  any  other  make, 
and  even  the  Japanese  are  sending 
orders  to  this  country  for  bells.  The 
Japanese  have  long  been  regarded  as 
famous  bell  makers,  but  they  do  not 
hesitate  to  apply  to  American  manu- 
facturers  when  they  find  it  to  their  ad-  I 
vantage  to  do  so.  There  is  grim  humor 
in  the  fact  that  the  fire-alarm  bells  to 
be  used  in  Tokio  have  been  ordered  of  a 
manufacturing  firm  in  Jersey  City. 

The  largest  bell  in  America  is  in  the 
cathedral  of  Montreal,  and  it  weighs 
28,000  pounds.  The  bell  in  the  public 
building  at  Philadelphia  is  to  weigh 
between  20,000  and  25,000  pounds. 
There  is  a  bell  at  Erfurt,  Germany, 
cast  in  1479,  and  one  in  Notre  Dame, 
Paris,  cast  in  18b'0,  each  weighing 
30,000  pounds.  The  great  Chinese  bell 
at  Pekin  weighs  120,000  pounds,  is  14 
feet  high  and  12  feet  in  diameter.  By 
the  way,  the  Chinese  used  to  make 
their  bells  nearly  square  in  shape.  The 
largest  bell  is,  of  course,  that  in  the 
Kremlin  at  Moscow.  It  is  over  19  feet 
in  height  and  measures  nearly  23  feet 
across  the  mouth.  Its  thickness  at 
the  point  where  the  clapper  would 
strike  is  23  inches;  the  cost  of  manu- 
facturing this  work  of  art  was  about 
$300,000.    "  

Coct    to    Make    Steel    Rails. 


*    C?  FOR  ALt  PURPOSES  5. :** 

Wlr\L  ^0PtTl\/\MVvV\Ys. 


TRENTON,  N. J. ^ 

N.V.OrFICE 

COOPER HEWITTS. C0.-I7  BURLING  SUP 


A  writer  in  the  Iron  and  Coal  Trades 
Review  says:  "  I  believe  I  am  not  be- 
traying any  secret  when  I  state  that 
at  the  present  range  of  prices  for  raw 
materials,  and  at  the  existing  price  for 
American  labor,  Mr.  Carnegie  can 
manufacture  steel  rails  for  a  good  deal 
under  $20  per  ton.  He  does  not,  how- 
ever, find  it  necessary  to  sell  at  that 
price.  Indeed,  a  number  of  the  lead- 
ing buyers  in  the  United  States  are  not 
much  concerned  to  have  prices  cut  very 
low.  Important  railway  corporations, 
for  instauce,  prefer  to  feed  the  works 
on  their  several  systems,  and  if  those 
works  cannot  execute  the  order  at  one 
price  they  must  just  quote  another. 
Hence  the  firm  that  cuts  prices  is  not 
always  the  most  successful." 

If  Congressman  Livingston  can  se- 
cure enough  votes  there  will  be  no 
more  "  waste  of  powder  "  for  informing 
people  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  vari- 
ous posts  of  the  Army  that  "  the  sun 
has  risen,"  or  "it's  sundown."  He 
objected  to  a  clause  in  the  Army  Ap- 
propriation bill  a  few  days  ago  provid- 
ing for  "  $20,000  for  firing  the  morning 
and  evening  gun  at  military  posts  "  as 
an  unnecessary  waste  of  powder.  "  My 
question  is,"  he  said,  "What  is  the 
practicability  of  it  ?  What  is  the  ad- 
vantage of  it  either  to  the  country  or 
to  the  Army  ?  If  the  Lord  says  when 
the  sun  shall  go  down,  I  want  to  know 
how  much  advantage  this  gun  is  to  the 
country  '?  " 

A  Scotch  Engineer  writes  that  the 
white  light  for  safety  signal  on  rail- 
ways is  being  replaced  by  green;  this 
is  a  precautionary  measure  to  avoid 
the  risk  rising  from  the  possibility  of 
the  red  glass  of  danger  signals  being 
broken  or  blown  out  and  thus  the  light 
being  mistaken  for  a  white  one.  which, 
under  the  former  system,  would  have 
meant  a  probable  collision.  The  North 
British  railway,  of  Scotland,  is  said  to 
be  spending  $85,000  in  making  this 
change  from  white  to  green,  so  it  is 
evident  that  a  strong  feeling  exists 
concerning  the  danger  of  the  old  sys- 
tem. 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  Sun  Fram-imo. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay    Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES  PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 


Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 


Also  Manufacturers  ol 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 

John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

7Wlne>  arici  /Will    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

G3  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 

.*y-^     We  would  call  the  attention       -—      -=- 
1  i     of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-  OCLM-C.g|^/ 
ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  \ni.TTI7Rc£4/ 
tunics,  .Fruspeciors,  etc.,  to     \:v"lfI^j/ 
our    full    stock   of   Balances, 
Furnaces,  M  utiles,  Crucibles,  Scoriflers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Dennlston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  '  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


NENDRIE& 
BOLTHOfF 
MFfj.CO. 
DENVER 
CutG\ 


MINING, 
MILLING 


SUPPLIES 


f    * 

^f  CARBONS" 

W  BLACK    DIAMONDS)  ^ 
r  l'"OK  ~ 

»       DIAMOND  DRILLS.        -^ 

a  S.  D.  DESSAU,  4 

V^  IMPORTER,  g  ^* 

*    A 


W.    H.    Birch    &    CO.   (Incorporated) 

Manufacturers  of 
Passenger  and  Freight  Elevators, 
Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Improved  Corliss  Engines, 
Mining  Machinery, 

Cable  Railway  Machinery. 
119  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Founded  by 

HENRY     CAKKV     KAIKI)     &     CO., 

Industrial     i  ,     ANl> 

IKPOB 

BIO  Waln.it  st..  Philadelphia,  i'u..  I  .  *.  a. 
WOur  New  ami  Revised  Catalogue  ol  P 

■ 

.    ■ 

to  any  one  in  any  pari  of  t: 
who  will  furnish  bis  adi 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 


LIMITED. 

THAOC   MArtK. 


IM.ARTHUR-FOBRCST  PNOGttJ) 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,        -        -        -        8110,000  STERLING. 
To  MINK  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  biHterto  untreatable  a1 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHUR-TORREST    [Patent] 

Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Exl  ruction  offers  a  so 
lution  of  the  difficulty, 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  Slates;  Thomas 
w.  Goad,  manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
P.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevmlu  Ai/eney  ;uul  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 

THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  Hew  York. 


CYANIDE 

-OF- 

POTASSIUM, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  Other  Chemicals. 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


F*loneer  Screen  Works! 

JOHN  W.  fj  UTVK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel.  RiiBBia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc.  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

*** MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. ***    ■ 

821  ami  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specinlty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel, Cast  < 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron.  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  ail  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILS0N  k  C0.,<©> 

— Manufacturers  of— 

STEAII  engines,  boilers, 

And  all  kinds  of 
♦    ♦    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING,  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 

FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IN  <fc  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


"KRussell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka   Company, 
of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.      -      426  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


42 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January   19,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  is  mostly  condensed  from  Journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 

El  Dorado. 

A  Horseshoe  Besd  for  Luck.  — Placer ville 
Democrat:  The  Linden  Gold  Mining  Company 
is  doing:  a  slugging  business.  Its  great  gravel 
mine  on  Cedar  Ravine  takes  in  a  crooked 
channel,  forming  a  labyrinth  of  loops  and 
hoi'seshoe  bends.  Through  it  as  a  basis  for 
future  workings,  a  tunnel  has  been  run  be- 
tween three  and  four  thousand  feet.  It  has 
confirmed  the  favorable  opinions  of  mining 
experts  and  been  full  of  encouraging  surprises. 
The  latest  of  them  within  the  last  two  weeks, 
was  twelve  pounds  and  ten  ounces  of  slug 
gold,  from  a  run  of  five  days. 

Mariposa. 

Among  The  Mines.— Gazette;  New  mining 
sales  are  reported  from  different  parts  of  the 
county.  In  the  Coulterville  district  there  is 
greater  interest  manifested  in  securing  mines 
than  on  this  side,  and  several  quite  important 
deals  have  been  made  recently.  Capt.  A.  H. 
Ward  has  purchased  the  Williams  &  Morris 
mine,  and  is  busy  developing  his  group,  most 
of  which  have  been  partially  tested. 

The  "Virginia  mine,  which  a  few  years  ago 
was  successfully  worked,  has  also  changed 
hands. 

Work  on  the  Red  Cloud  progresses  steadily, 
and  before  the  spring  is  over  some  good  results 
are  expected  from  this  well-known  mine.  The 
superintendent,  Mr.  Whiteomb,  is  managing 
carefully  and  is  confident  of  success. 

New  machinery  is  being  put  in  at  the  Tyro 
mine,  and  work  will  soon  commence. 

An  important  deal  in  the  Whitlock  district 
has  just  been  consummated.  J.  J.  Ellingham 
has  bonded  the  Farmer's  Hope  mine  and  mill 
to  the  members  of  the  old  Enterprise  Mining 
company.  The  Enterprise  will  be  recalled  as 
the  Madera  county  mine  which  yielded  §16,000 
per  week  in  its  palmy  days,  but  has  now  been 
worked  out.  The  new  company  has  taken 
possession  of  the  Farmer's  Hope  and  will  at 
once  proceed  to  test  this  promising  property. 

The  Sierra  Butte  company  is  pushing  work 
steadily  at  the  Whitlock  mine,  both  on  the 
new  mill  and  the  mine,  and  before  many 
months  will  be  taking  out  the  yellow  metal 
in  large  quantities. 

The  abundant  raius  have  set  the  placer 
miners  to  work  and  in  every  gulch  and  on 
every  hillside  around  Mariposa  men  may  be 
seien  ground  sluicing  and  panning  and  the  ex- 
perienced workers   are  securing  good  results. 


Bodie  Miner:  Work  has  started  up  at  Green 
Creek  again.  The  men  are  engaged  in  putting 
a  new  foundation  under  the  receiver,  and 
digging  a  long  trench  for  the  permanent  drain- 
ing of  water-wheel  and  dynamo  foundation 
work  in  the  power-house.  The  capacity  of  the 
Green  Creek  reservoir  will  be  about  nineteen 
and  a  half  million  gallons. 

In  the  Bodie  the  south  drifts  twenty  feet 
above  No.  1  west  crosscut  400  level  was  ex- 
tended fourteen  feet;  face  in  porphyry  with  a 
small  seam  of  ore.  North  drift  from  winze 
twenty-two  feet  below  the  main  north  drift 
300  level  was  extended  eleven  feet.  The  ore 
in  the  face  is  from  twelve  to  fourteen  inches 
wide  and  of  very  good  grade.  East  crosscut 
from  Burgess  winze  level  fifty  feet  below  the 
200  level  was  extended  eight  feet;  face  in 
porphyry.  Hoisted  to  the  surface  thirteen 
tons  of  ore  estimated  at  §40  per  ton. 

Nevada. 

Rich  Ore.— Thomas  &  Co.,  lessees  of  the 
New  York  Consolidated  mine  on  Mosquito 
creek,  have  out  on  their  dump  thirteen  tons 
of  quartz  that  yield,  over  §40  per  ton,  says  the 
Transcript.  The  rock  is  worked  at  Maltman 
&  Thompson's  reduction  works,  near  Grass 
Valley,  being  crushed  dry  and  then  treated 
by  the  chlorination  process.  The  Niagara 
mine,  which  adjoins  the  New  York  Con- 
solidated, is  being  worked  and  the  prospects 
are  very  encouraging.  A  two-foot  ledge  has 
been  struck  and  it  is  improving  in  appearance 
as  the  shaft  gets  deeper. 

Shasta. 

Press ;  The  Iron  Mountain  sale  is  the  all-ab- 
sorbing topic  in  Shasta,  and  bets  are  about 
even  whether  its  on  or  off.  The  last  expert  on 
the  ground,  a  Mr.  Hill,  from  the  Rio  Tinto  of 
Spain,  pronounces  it  more  extensive  than  that 
famous  mine,  while  the  ores  of  Iron  Mountain 
carry  ten  times  the  value  in  gold  and  silver, 
making  it  the  most  valuable  copper,  gold  and 
silver  mine  in  the  world.  Mr.  Hill  is  an  up- 
to-date  metallurgist,  and  proposes  to  use  the 
late  improved  pyritic  processes  of  smelting. 

In  the  French  Gulch  district,  the  Lowdon 
mill  is  running  on  custom  ore.  The  Ellery 
claim  continues  to  improve  with  development 
work.  Prof.  Morton  reports  eighteen  men  at 
work  on  the  Myers  property,  with  a  fine  show- 
ing of  high-grade  ore.  The"  Washington  people 
are  again  talking  of  a  sale  to  a  New  York 
syndicate. 

James  Sallee  is  going  to  put  on  a  steam 
pump  and  hoist  on  the  Upper  Springs.  Mr. 
Samonai  at  the  Gem  mill  is  working  some  ore 
and  testing  the  new  concentrators.  The 
latter  seem  to  be  wholly  an  experiment,  the 
inventors  trying  to  adopt  them  to  the  Shasta 
county  ores. 

Siskiyou. 

General  Mining  Notes.—  Journal:  Austin 
&  Co.,  of  the  Greenhorn  Blue  Gravel  Mine 
about  a  mile  south  of  Yreka,  took  out  a  nugget 
weighing  S55  last  week,  and  are  working  very 
rich  ground  at  present.  Owing  to  snow  not 
melting  much  in  the  mountains,  on  account  of 
the  cool  nights,  the  water  supply  is  rather 
limited,  and  there  is  no  water  coming  down 
from  the  creek.     There  is  plenty  to  comn  how 


ever,  when  the  weather  is  warm  or  warm 
rains  occur,  as  the  Humbug  and  Deadwood 
range  is  covered  with  from  four  to  six  feet  of 
snow. 

The  hydraulic,  miners  at  Quartz  Valley,  Oro 
Fino,  Salmon  River,  Cottonwood,  Humbug, 
South  Fork  of  Scott  River  and  all  along  the 
Klamath  river  are  doing  good  work,  in  piping 
the  banks  with  giants,  with  expectation  of 
doing  still  better  when  the  weather  becomes 
warmer,  to  melt  the  snow  faster.  The  water 
supply  for  hydraulic  mining  this  season  it 
likely  to  last  longer  next  summer  than  any 
year  yet  known,  as  the  snow  seems  to  have 
all  bunched  into  the  districts  above  4,000  feet 
altitude,  just  where  it  is  needed  for  the 
greatest  benefit  for  mining  purposes.  The 
miners  at  Hawkinsville  are  all  doing  well 
this  season,  with  better  times  ahead,  and 
there  is  an  abundance  of  snow  to  supply  Canal 
and  Long  Gulches  with  an  abundant  supply  of 
water  for  a  long  time,  and  the  same  maybe 
said  of  Humbug  Gulch  coming  down  on  Y'reka 
Flats,  and  Greenhorn  Greek,  a  little  south  of 
Yreka. 

The  recent  heavy  rain  has  afforded  an  abun- 
dance of  water  for  mining,  to  permit  continu- 
ance of  operations  right  along  full  handed,  in 
the  various  hydraulic  and  placer  mining 
claims,  and  also  plenty  of  water  power  to 
start  quartz  mills.  River  mining  will  prob- 
ably be  suspended,  as  the  streams  are  too 
high,  and  most  of  the  claims  are  filled  up  with 
water,  to  require  pulling  out  the  apparatus, 
or  not  advisable  to  pump  out  before  spring 
until  the  danger  of  heavy  freshets  is  over. 

Jillson  &  Co.  intend  putting  up  a  new 
quartz  mill  of  five  stamps  at  their  blue  gravel 
mine  near  Henely,  for  crushing  the  blue 
cement  and  gravel  taken  out,  as  the  best 
means  of  securing  the  gold  it  contaius.  They 
have  heretofore  been  using  an  arras  tra,  which 
does  not  break  up  the  gravel  to  good  advan- 
tage. 

NEVADA. 

Esmeralda. 

A  Good  Mining  District.— Advices  from 
the  Silver  Star  mining  district  are  to 
the  effect  that  everything  there  looks  bright 
and  prosperous.  The  little  mill  recently 
erected  is  continually  at  work,  and  there 
is  ore  enough  on  the  dumps  to  keep  it 
running  for  the  next  year.  The  Hardscrabble 
mine  keeps  to  the  front.  The  owner  is  re- 
ported to  have  refused  §120,000  for  it.  Other 
mines  in  the  district  are  yielding  good  ore. 

A  Bright  Outlook— Frank  Robb,  who  has 
been  engaged  in  erecting  a  mill  build- 
ing at  the  new  mining  district  in  Esmer- 
alda county,  is  very  enthusiastic  over  the 
outlook  in  the  district  and  says  it  sur- 
passes anything  in  the  mining  line  he  has 
ever  seen.  The  principal  mine  is  owned  by 
Ed  Brown,  in  which,  he  says,  there  is  §150,000 
in  sight  and  no  sign  of  a  let-up  to  the  ledge. 
The  workings  are  not  deep,  the  main  shaft 
being  down  about  190  feet.  Rich  ore  was 
taken  out  from  the  grass  roots  to  the  bottom- 
Good  ore  is  being  taken  from  several  other 
claims  in  the  district,  and  Mr.  Robb  thinks 
that  all  indications  Silver  Star  District  is 
destined  to  create  a  big  stir. 


The  Major  is  still  confident  of  the  success  of 
his  scheme. 

WASHINGTON. 

The  following  is  furnished  by  the  secretary 
of  the  Tacoma  Chamber  of  Commerce : 

REPORT   OF    TACOMA     SMELTER    FOR     TnE     MONTH 
OF    DECEMBER,    1894. 

Number  of  men  employed 64 

Pay  roll , $5,130  36 

Wood  choppers  and  wood  haulers 468  00 

Total §5,648  36 

PRODUCT. 

2800  bars  bullion  weighing  390,S84  lbs 
Copper  matte  '■         105,100  lbs. 

Contents, 

1,1 65.  So  ozs.    gold  @  830  67     -324,098  12 

26,375.52  ozs.  silver  @         61     16,089  06 

289,394  lbs.  lead        (a.         03     8,681  82 

52,550  lbs.  copper    rs         OD1^ 4,993  25 

Total  output §53,861  25 

OKLAHOMA. 

A  Guthrie  dispatch  says:  Hundreds  of  pros- 
pectors are  swarming  into  the  Wichita  moun- 
tains, in  the  Kiowa  and  Comanche  Indian 
reservation,  caused  by  the  discovery  of 
deposits  of  gold  and  silver.  Troops  have  been 
ordered  from  Fort  Reno  to  eject  them,  and 
serious  trouble  is  looked  for,  as  the  prospectors 
declare  they  have  a  right  in  the  mountains 
under  the  mining  laws,  and  will  not  leave. 
Many  samples  of  ore  have  been  brought  out 
for  assay. 

Coast   Industrial   Notes. 


Storey. 

In  the  Savage  on  the  1000  level  they  con- 
tinue to  extract  ore  from  the  sill  floor  in 
the  north  lateral  drift  from  the  east  drift 
up  to  the  9th  floor.  On  the  1050  level  in  the 
south  drift  from  the  east  drift  thirty  feet  from 
the  south  ore  s topes  they  continue  to  extract 
ore  of  fair  grade.  They  are  still  stoping  ore 
from  the  bottom  of  the  winze  in  the  south 
drift.  They  have  drifted  north  fourteen  feet 
on  the  streak  of  ore  mentioned  in  the  last 
weekly  report  as  encountered  in  the  east 
crosscut  from  the  south  drift. 

ARIZONA. 

Foreman  Almost  Chazt. — Star*.  A  Mexican 
from  the  Mineral  Group,  a  copper  property 
near  San  Xavier,  owned  by  Messrs.  Hughes 
and  Banes,  says  that  a  big  and  wonderfully 
rich  lead  of  copper  ores  had  been  struck  that 
day  in  the  mines,  and  that  the  foreman  had 
about  gone  crazy  over  the  rich  discovery. 
This  property  was  bonded  some  time  ago  by 
the  International  Copper  Company  of  El  Paso, 
who  have  at  this  present  time  forty  men  at 
work  on  the  mines.  Several  large  shipments 
of  ore  have  already  been  made  to  Texas. 

The  Mohawk  mine  at  Mammoth  will  be  in 
full  operation,  mill  and  all,  by  the  1st  of  June. 
Superintendent  Bailey  is  letting  a  contract 
for  a  drift  of  275  feet  along  the  ore.  This  will 
connect  the  two  shafts  and  get  air  supply.  A 
total  of  three  miles  of  piping  will  connect  the 
mill  with  the  San  Pedro  river.  Pumping  to 
the  mill  and  various  means  of  conveying  the 
ore  from  the  mine  to  the  river  have  been 
carefully  calculated  on,  and  pumping  is  con- 
sidered the  most  economical.  A  pump  that 
will  be  the  pioneer  of  its  kind  will  be  put  in. 
It  will  throw  water  stronger  than  any  other 
make,  if  it  keeps  up  the  expectations. 

MEXICO. 

The  old  duty  on  lead  ores  was  a  cent  and  a 
half  a  pound ;  the  present  duly  is  three-fourths 
of  a  cent  a  pound.  There  has  been  a  very 
marked  increase  in  the  shipment  of  ores  from 
Mexico,  but  not,  as  might  be  supposed,  from 
the  reduction  of  duty  in  the  ores.  Heretofore 
the  mine  owners  have  hoped  that  some  legis- 
lation favorable  to  silver  would  occur,  and  for 
this  they  have  vainly  hoped  and  waited. 
Now  they  see  they  have  no  prospects  in  that 
regard,  so  they  ship  the  ores  they  have,  and 
make  what  they  can  with  silver  as  it  is.  The 
ready  money  is  needed,  and  if  not  what  they 
can  obtain  is  accepted.  Mexican  dollars  are 
now  49  in  Nogales,  so  that  goods  there  were 
never  marked  higher  than  they  are  at  present. 
OREGON. 

Josephine  Co.—  Major  Newell  has  hungup 
his  gold-pumping  boat  for  awhile  and  gone  to 
Portland  where  he  will  negotiate  for  a  larger 
boiler  und  move  powerful  pumping  apparatus, 


.—The  Eureka  Electric  Storage  Battery  Co. 
has  removed  to  commodious  quarters  at  645 
Mission  St. 

— Southern  California  is  now  daily  pro- 
ducing over  seventeen  hundred  barrels  of 
petroleum. 

—A  Tacoma,  Wash.,  dispatch  says  all  the 
logging  camps  will  start  up  in  that  State 
within  a  week. 

—The  Portland,  Or.,  5  per  cent  water  bonds 
have  been  sold  to  E.  &  S.  Ellis  of  this  city  at 
a  premium  of  si^ooo. 

—The  city  of  San  Diego  has  offered  $600,000 
for  the  plant  of  the  San  Diego  Water  Company. 
The  offer  has  been  declined. 

—During  December  the  Everett,  Wash., 
smelter  shipped  bullion  to  the  amount  of  §107.- 
000.  The  product  for  the  month  included  3,000 
ounces  of  gold,  60,000  ounces  of  silver  and  500,- 
000  pounds  of  lead.      It  has  since  closed  down. 

—There  are  over  a  thousand  laborers  working 
with  scrapers  and  shovels  on  the  Yaqui  canal. 
Sonora,  Mexico,  besides  those  employed  on 
the  dredge.  The  canal  is  expected  to 'be  fin- 
ished by  April,  and  the  dam  will  be  construct- 
ed in  May. 

—The  steamer  Australia  is  oemg  cleaned 
and  painted  at  the  hydraulic  dock  of  the  Union 
Iron  Works.  She  will  be  succeeded  by  the 
steamer  State  of  California,  which  will  have 
her  broken  shaft  removed  and  replaced  and 
other  repairs  made. 

—At  the  recent  sale  of  the  Hudson  Bay 
Company  in  London  the  highest  price  brought 
was  35s  a  seal .  skin  the  average  was  30s. 
There  is  a  blue  lot  of  sealing  men  iu  Alaska. 
The  news  was  a  complete  surprise,  for  never 
have  skins  sold  so  low  in  the  history  of  the 
Bering  sea  industry. 

—Lieut.  Dom  and  Engineer  Mallison  leave 
New  York  next  Monday  via  Panama  in  charge 
of  70  petty  officers  and  sailors  which  will  form 
the  nucleus  of  the  cruiser  Olympia's  company. 
The  Union  Iron  Works  will  complete  the  ves- 
sel as  fast  as  the  required  material  is  fur- 
nished. She  will  be  the  flagship  of  the  Pacific 
station;  it  is  thought  Capt.  Reed  well  have 
command. 

—Captain  J.  A.  Mellon  is  having  two  boats 
built  here  which  he  will  take  by  rail  to  Green 
River,  Wyo.,  in  April,  and,  assisted  by  river 
men,  will  descend  the  Colorado  river  to  Yuma 
and  the  Gulf  of  California.  Captain  Mellon 
has  been  running  steamer's  on  the  Colorado 
river  thirty-two  years.  He  is  a  resident  of 
Yuma,  Ariz.,  and  proposes  to  make  the  trip  of 
3000  miles  in  seventeen  days. 

— D.  Freeman,  president  of  the  Los  Angeles 
Chamber  of  Commerce,  the  past  year  writes : 
"  We  are  still  suffering  from  underproduction 
in  the  very  necessities  of  life.  When  it  takes 
a  train  of  cars  nearly  a  mile  long  to  bring  into 
this  State  the  eggs  that  the  enterprising  heDs 
of  Kansas  and  Iowa  lay  for  us,  and  when  we 
import  annually  over  4,000  carloads  of  bacon, 
poultry,  dried  fruits  and  other  products,  to  the 
value  of  $8,000,000,  that  could  be  raised  here, 
let  no  one  croak  about  overdoing  things  in  this 
country." 

— In  Orange  Co.  the  Union  Oil  Company  has 
begun  sinking  wells  five  miles  north  of  Fuller- 
ton  and  adjoining  the  Puente  wells  on  the 
west.  The  company  has  over  eleven  hundred 
acres  of  land  east  of  the  Puente  wells,  which 
it  purchased  from  the  Stearns  Ranchos  Com- 
pany, a  year  ago.  The  Puente  Oil  Company 
is  securing  the  right-of-way  for  its  pipe  line 
to  Fullerton,  and  it  is  the  intention  of  the 
Santa  Fe  Company  to  make  this  town  the  oil- 
ing station  for  their  engines,  as  that  is  the 
only  point  on  their  line  that  oil  can  be  piped 
to. 

—During  last  summer  §12,000  worth  of  new 
machinery  and  apparatus  has  been  purchased 
and  installed  at  the  Throop  Polytechnic  In- 
stitute. Pasadena.  This  includes  additions 
to  chemical,  physical,  electrical,  and  biological 
equipments,  a  new  steam  plant,  complete 
pattern  shop  outfit,  a  complete  machine  shop 
outfit,  and  a  Sloyd  school  equipment.  The 
total  value  of  the  equipment,  at  present, 
amounts  to  about  8100,000.  A  class  has  been 
organized  and  is  now  pursuing  a  course  of 
training  in  Sloyd  work.  A  department  of 
accounts,  stenography  and  type-writing  pro- 
vider bnsinpss    training,     The  department  of 


art  offers  excellent  facilities  in  both  painting* 
and  drawing.  There  have  been  valuable  ac- 
cessions to  the  libraries  located  in  the  several 
departments. 

—The  Suoqualmie  Falls  Electric  Power  Co., 
State  of  Washington,  has  acquired  350  acres 
of  land  on  both  sides  of  the  Snoqualmie  river, 
and  an  option  on  as  much  more  land  adjoining. 
The  theoretical  energy  of  the  falls  is  51,607- 
horse  power.  The  plans  of  the  company  are 
to  develop  and  deliver  by  electrical  transmis- 
sion, power  for  factories,  lighting,  heating, 
etc.  A  contract  has  been  arranged  with  the 
Union  Electric  Company  of  Seattle  to  have 
tbe  company  furnish  them  with  its  power  en- 
tirely; the  price  charged  per  horse  power  be- 
ing m\  The  capital  stock  is  20,000  shares  of 
8100. 

—Nearly  100  new  buildings  are  to  be 
built  this  year  at  the  Presidio,  to  be 
occupied  as  barracks,  built  of  brick  and  stone 
and  inclosed  by  a  stone  wall.  They  represent 
an  aggregate  cost  of  about  8300,000.  Seven 
brick  stables,  costing  about  $110,000,  will  also 
be  built.  An  administration  building  to  cost 
^50,000,  and  forty  brick  and  stone  buildings, 
to  cost  in  the  aggregate  $200,000,  a  stone  wall 
to  include  a  large  part  of  the  reservation,  the 
improvement  of  the  grounds  and  other  minor 
changes,  aggregate  up  to  $1,000,000  in  total. 
The  contract  for  one  barrack  building,  to  cost 
840,000  has  been  awarded.  The  second  build- 
ing is  to  be  finished  by  next  July.  The  de- 
partment is  now  receiving  bids  for  the  stone 
wall  and  will  soon  receive  bids  for  the  work 
of  filling  in  the  parade  ground,  macadamizing 
etc. 

—The  rivers  of  the  Pacific  coast  formerly 
contained  no  shad,  but.  in  1876  the  fish  com- 
mission carried  a  quantity  of  shad  fry  across 
the  country  and  placed  them  in  the  Columbia 
and  other  rivers.  The  fish  propagated  to  such 
an  extent  that  in  1892  the  number  of  shad 
caught  on  the  coast  of  California  was  526,424, 
and  212,350  more  was  taken  in  the  Columbia 
river.  The  total  catch  of  shad  for  1892  on  the 
Pacific  coast  was  in  excess  of  the  number 
caught  off  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island  and 
Massachusetts,  and  it  nearly  equaled  the 
catch  of  South  Carolina.  Though  the  total 
catch  of  shad  on  the  Pacific  coast  is  at  present 
very  small  in  comparison  with  that  of  the  At- 
lantic seaboard,  their  rapid  multiplication 
since  they  were  placed  in  the  rivers  of  Cali- 
fornia, Oregon  and  Washington  renders  it  not 
unlikely  that  in  the  near  future  they  may  be 
more  plentiful  on  the  Pacific  than  on  the' At- 
lantic coast.  This  is  one  of  the  most  interest- 
ing results  so  far  recorded  of  the  work  of  the 
government  fish  commission. 


The  Geographical  Society    of    the 
Pacific. 


The  annual  meeting  and  election  of 
this  society  took  place  at  the  rooms, 

MtJ  CUUtiK-       T.jibro.T-y      bviiUling-,      oil      the 

15th    inst.       For    1895    the    following 
officers  were  elected: 

Directors — Prof.  George  Davidson, 
U.  S.  Coast  Survey;  Charles  L. 
Taylor,  Harry  Durbrow,  John  Part- 
ridge. E.  J.  Bowen,  Louis  L.  Nelson, 
.John  Dolbeer. 

Councillors — Hon.  Ralph  C.  Harri- 
son, Mark  Sheldon,  Will' am  Hood, 
Hon.  Charles  Good  all,  James  F. 
Houghton,  Gustave  Niebaum,  Hon. 
George  C.  Perkins,  Henry  Lund, 
Irving  M.  Scott,  Hon.  Jeremiah  Lynch, 
Adolph  Sutro,  F.  Stevens  Cook,  M.  D. 

The  directors  selected  the  following 
officers:  President,  Geo.  Davidson, 
Sc.  D.,  Ph.  D. ;  vice-presidents,  Hon. 
Ralph  C.  Harrison,  Col.  Chas.  L.  Tay- 
lor, Irving  M.  Scott;  treasurer,  Harry 
Durbrow;  corresponding  secretary, 
Hon.  Jeremiah  Lynch;  recording  sec- 
retary, John  Partridge;  assistant  sec- 
retary, T.  F.  Trenor,  A.  M. 

The  report  of  the  council  showed  the 
work  done  and  the  papers  read,  in 
1894.  Hon.  Jeremiah  Lynch1*  paper 
on  the  late  discoveries  in  Egypt,  ex- 
pected in  November,  was  assigned  to  a 
later  date.  Professor  Schaeberle,  of 
the  Lick  Observatory,  will  be  invited 
to  make  his  address  this  month. 

The  library  has  largely  increased 
during  the  past  year.  Many  handsome 
volumes  have  been  presented,  and 
maps  have  been  added,  suitable  for  the 
lecture  room.  The  conference  held  by 
the  society  last  May  at  the  Midwinter 
Fair  attracted  general  attention  from 
Eastern  and  European  geographers. 
A  number  of  the  papers  then  sent  in. 
and  which  there  was  not  time  to  read, 
will  be  given  at  future  meetings,  by 
consent  of  the  authors. 


A  wacthjiaker  in  Geneva  proposes 
to  make  a  chronometer  which  will 
speak,  instead  of  ringing,  the  time, 
when  the  button  is  pressed.  He  has 
devoted  a  great  deal  of  patient  study 
to  his  invention,  the  speaking  process 
being  produced  by  means  of  a  small 
revolving  phonographic  plate  in  which 
presses  a  small  piece  of  steel.  The 
vibrations  resulting  give  rise  to  words 
denoting  the  exact  time. 


January  19,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


43 


Incompetent     Steamship     Inspec- 
tion. 


The  American  Machinist  says  the 
steamer  Keweenaw,  lost  with  all  hands 
in  a  gale,  was  one  at  the  vessels  built 
on  the  Lakes  which  on  first  arriving  at 
San  Francisco,  was  a  nine-days  won 
der  to  the  engineers  and  seamen  of  the 
coast. 

The  boilers,  without  proper  end  man 
and  band  holes  for  inspection  and  clean- 
ing, had  been  driven  at  high  pressure 
on  salt  water  during  the  voyage  around 
the  Horn,  and  in  consequence  were 
completely  coated  internally  with  a 
heavy  non-conducting  scale,  and  sev- 
eral of  the  corrugated  furnaces  had 
collapsed  by  reason  of  overheating. 

Cast-iron  engine  columns,  cracked 
completely  across,  were  patched  with 
slips  of  boiler  plate  tacked  on  by  a  few 
i -inch  or  «-inch  tap  bolts,  and  those 
who  saw  the  machiuery  were  forced  to 
wonder  what  kepi  the  entire  plant 
from  lifting  bodily  skyward  when 
steam  was  turned  on.  The  oiling  gear 
was  fled  to  the  rods,  links,  etc.,  by 
pieces  of  wire  and  common  'nine,  and 
bore  the  appearance  of  having  been 
culled  from  some  scrap  heap,  the  leads 
of  piping  being  so  small  that  they  must 
have  gummed  up  completely  after  a 
day  or  two  of  running. 

The  hulls,  built  of  light  scantlings, 
were  continually  undergoing  repairs; 
rudder  posts  and  stern  framing  broken 
or  wrenched  while  voyaging  in  the  or- 
dinary weather  of  the  Pacific,  where 
what  would  be  considered  on  the  Atlan- 
tic seaboard  as  a  moderate  blow,  is 
looked  upon  as  a  serious  hurricane. 

From  time  to  time  criticism  of  the 
men  and  methods  employed  in  the  in- 
spection of  steam  vessels  appears  in 
various  quarters,  but  there  has  been 
no  concerted  action  taken  to  impress 
upon  officials  their  responsibility  for 
loss  of  life  at  sea  where  this  is  due  to 
neglect  of  proper  precautions  on  the 
part  of  builders,  owners  or  com- 
manders. 

Unless  steamship  inspectors  are  men 
of  integrity,  experience  and  skill,  the 
government  supervision  of  vessels  be- 
comes a  farce,  for  few  of  those  finan- 
cially interested  will  go  to  the  expense 
to  improve  machinery  or  hulls,  so  long 
as  the  local  inspector  will  allow  inferior 
constructions  to  pass  muster. 

The  notion  that  captains  or  engineers 
will  report  matters  if  the  ship  is  un- 
seaworthy  or  the  engines  defective  is 
held  only  by  those  who  are  unac- 
quainted with  steamboating.  In  a 
great  majority  of  cases,  the  employe 
of  a  company,  who  should  condemn  the 
corporation's  holdings,  would  quickly 
find  himself  without  a  berth,  whatever 
might  be  the  truth  of  his  report. 

If  the  traveling  public  is  to  be  pro- 
tected, instead  of  the  political  generals 
and  ward  heelers  too  often  in  charge  of 
inspection,  men  of  acknowledged  abil- 
ity in  their  calling  should  be  substi- 
tuted. A  radical  change  is  absolutely 
necessary,  for  the  present  state  of 
affairs  is  a  national  disgrace.  Steamers 
totally  unseaworthy,  half  manned  and 
half  equipped  are  allowed  to  put  lo 
sea  by  the  political  hacks,  who,  by 
reason  of  ability  to  answer  set  ques- 
tions in  amateur  mechanics,  are  fur- 
nished a  license  by  the  civil  service 
boards  to  pass  upon  matters  involving 
daily  risks  to  thousands  of  human  lives. 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

A  Third  Edition  of  Selected  Portions   of  the 
"  Explorers*,  ^liners'  and  Metal- 
lurgists' Companion." 

By  J.  S.  PHILLIPS.  M.  E. 

A  practical  exposition  of  the  variouB  departments 
of  Geolory,  Exploration,  Mlulnr,  Engineering,  As- 
saying and  Metallurgy, 

The  work  Is  divided  into  four  parts— Rocks.  Veins. 
TeBtlng  and  Assaying.  The  geological  chapters  are 
intended  to  give  miners  a  practical  idea  of  the 
various  formations.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins 
are  derived  from  long  observation,  and  the  section 
on  exploration  has  been  carefully  considered.  All 
that  relates  to  discrimination  and  assay  has  been 
kept  as  free  from  formulae  as  possible.  The  work 
is  written  for  practical  men,  and  all  the  explana- 
tions and  dlscrlptions  are  clear  and  to  the  point.  It 
Is  bo  prepared  that  it  is  useful  to  uneducated  men 
as  well  as  scientists. 

Price  86.00  postpaid.  Sold  by  THE  MINING  AND 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market  st1;  star,  Francisco 


Our  Pipe 


Is  For  Sale. 


For  Hydraulic  Mining  and  Irri- 
gation Purposes  Our  Sheet 
Iron  and  Sheet  Steel  Riveted 
Water  Pipe  Is  Unexcelled. 

We  Have  Also  a  Large  Line  of 
the  MATHESON  JOINT  (Lap- 
Welded)  Pipe,  for  Which  We 
Are  Agents. 

Our  Prices  Are  Low;  Our  Pipe 
Is  Superior,  and  We  Want 
More  Business.  May  We 
Quote  You  Prices? 

PIPE    FITTINGS,  TOO. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

SAN       FRANCISCO,       C/\l_. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 

N.  W.  Cor,  Main  &  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

MANUFACTURERS  OP 

STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND    FORGINGS 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

All  work  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  mils. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  morp  advantageous 
terms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  for  the  manufacture  of  his 
Patent  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly.  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
and  sold  these  mills  for  the  past  14  years,  we  know 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
_  tory  testimonials  prove.  We  feel  con8dent,  therefore, 
=?==.  that  at  the  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 


i  :->-. 


!ij;  ||fi|^  iV-^^  there  is  placed  within  the  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
^g^f  and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
-     it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL. 
Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List. 


O 

3 

O 
O 

c 
w 
r 


SIMONDS    &JWA/& 

AND   MACHINE   KNIVES. 

RUBBER     BELTING, 

RUBBER  HOSE,  COTTON  HOSE, 
PACKING. 

S  LEATHER  BELTING, 

I  DODGE  WOOD  SPLIT  PULLEYS, 

_  EMERY  WHEELS,  FILES. 

H       GRAPHITE  AND  GRAPHITE  GREASE, 

COVEL  BELT  HOOKS. 


Dodge  Independence  Wood  Split  Pulley  ^I-^ONDS  SAW  CO., 


Is  the  lightest,  strongest  and  most  con- 
venient Pulley  made. 


No.  31  Main  Street,  San  Francisco,  and 
86  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


FRANCIS     SMITH 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 


&     CO., 


FOR     TOWN     \A//\TER     W/ORK.S. 

Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes. 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required,  Are  prepared  for  ooatinp  all  sizes  of  Pipes 
with  a  composition  pt  Cgal  Tar  and  AsphaHum, 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.  N.  JEHU.    ---    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

|  628   Montgomery  Street,  San    Francisco.  J 

Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

1  Ore  Assays.  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  ( 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


( School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical, 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering, 

>  Surveying.  Architecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying, 

723  Market  St.,  Sun  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President, 
i  Assaying  of  Ores.  825;  Bullion  and  Chlorlnatiou 
Assay,  J25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  810.    Full  Course 
of  Assaying,  850.    Established  18M. 
"~~  Send  for  Circular. 


Almarin  B.  Paul,   M.   E., 
Mining:  Operator, 

ROOM  6,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
ing on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the 
procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest 
In  Developed  Mines. 

Plana  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED 
CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent 
Instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
practical  scale. 


!  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

J  Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Franolsoo. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED    BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

,  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc 
l  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

>  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 

i  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining:  Engflneers  and  Metallurgists. 


Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law.11 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and 
Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Coppor, 
Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
estly given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street,. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


The  Oriental  Gas  Engine 

IS  THE  BEST  be- 
cause it  cum  bines 
simplicity  of  con- 
struction with  power 
andeconomyof  space.  ' 
It  can  be  run  with 
natural  or  manufac- 
tured gas  or  gasoline 
at  a  cost  of  20  to  25 
cents  per  horse  power 
per  day. 

It  can  be  used  for 
pumping  purposes,  as 
well  as  for  all  pur- 
poses where  a  perfect 
engine  is  required, 
with  the  advantage 
of  lessening  the  risk 
of  explosions.  No 
licensed  engineer  at 
a  high  salary  needed 
to  operate  it. 

Send  for  circulars 
and  prices  if  a  good 
safe  engine  is  what 
you  need. 

The  Oriental  Launch  is  Perfection. 
M.  A.  GRAHAM, 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer, 
105  JtSeale  Street San  Franolsoo. 

Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  60  cents,  additional  per 
VQlurae: 


44 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  19,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


Electricity  on   Shipboard. 


At  the  second  annual  meeting  of  the 
Society  of  Naval  Architects  in  New 
York,  last  month,  an  able  and  interest- 
ing paper  on  "Electricity  on  Ship- 
board "  was  read.  The  author,  S. 
Dana  Greene,  late  ensign  United  States 
Navy,  pointed  out  the  rapid  march 
which  has  been  made  during  the  past 
decade  in  the  development  of  electricity 
on  shipboard,  and  says  that  this  agency 
has  become  recognized  and  standardized 
so  that  it  can  be  relied  upon  for  con- 
tinual and  active  service.  As  a  result 
there  have  been  developed  for  marine 
work-  a  special  type  of  generating  set 
(engine  and  dynamo),  special  appliances 
(switches,  junction  boxes,  cut-outs, 
stuffing  tubes,  water-tight  globes  and 
lanterns,  etc),  special  insulation  for 
conductors,  special  methods  of  wiring, 
special  forms  of  searchlights,  and 
special  men  who  may  properly  be  called 
"marine  electricians."  These  appara 
tus  and  appliances  differ  materially 
from  those  in  use  on  shore,  and  must 
be  used  under  service  conditions  entire- 
ly dissimilar.  Salt  water,  salt  air, 
steam  and  the  excessive  heat  of  ship 
boiler  and  engine  rooms,  would  play 
havoc  in  a  very  short  time  with  the  best 
modern  shore  insulation,  as  they,  have 
with  many  of  the  early  ship  plants,  and 
if  there  is  any  place  in  the  engineering 
world  where  the  old  axiom  of  ' '  penny 
wise  and  pound  foolish "  should  be 
stamped  in  large  letters,  it  is  on  the 
plans  of  an  electric  marine  plant. 

The  uses  to  which  electricity  is  now 
being  put  on  board  ship  are  numerous 
and  in  naval  vessels  it  has  become  an 
absolute  necessity,  while  in  freight  and 
passenger  steamers  and  high-class 
yachts  it  is  also  universally  applied. 
Aside  from  many  mechanical  uses, 
electricity  as  applied  in  navigational 
features  has  become  invaluable,  prom- 
inently so  when  turned  into  the  search- 
light, electric  logs,  the  electric  steer- 
ing compass,  means  of  communication 
between  the  various  officers  and  parts 
of  large  vessels,  signalling  and  firing 
circuits,  as  well  as  being  used  as  a 
range  or  position  finder. 

Relative  to  the  electric  log  Eusign 
Greene  points  out  that  the  French 
navy  has  recently  adopted  one,  the  in- 
vention of  Rear- Admiral  Fleuriais.  A 
set  of  revolving  vanes  on  the  log  impart, 
through  worm  gearing,  motion  to  an 
ivory  disk  mounted  in  the  log.  and  a 
spring  makes  contact  with  metallic 
plates  placed  at  intervals  on  the  rim 
of  this  disk.  As  this  contact  takes 
place,  a  bell  is  sounded  aboard  ship,  once 
for  every  twenty-four  revolutions  of  the 
vanes.  The  intervals  between  signals 
is  arranged  11  seconds  for  8  knots,  8.8 
seconds  for  ten  knots,  1.1  seconds  for 
2(1  knots,  and  is,  therefore,  of  sufficient 
length  to  prevent  error.  To  indicate 
fractions  of  a  second,  the  usual  sand- 
glass has  been  displaced  by  a  pendulum 
iudicator  which  beats  at  intervals  of 
two  tenths  of  a  second,  and  which  is 
started  at  the  moment  of  taking  an  ob- 
servation. A  mistake  of  half  a  second, 
with  a  period  of  50  seconds,  makes  an 
error  of  only  one-tenth  of  a  knot  in  the 
speed  of  the  vessel;  if  the  observation 
is  prolonged,  the  error  is  reduced. 
The  apparatus  is  simple  and  apparent- 
ly gives  good  satisfaction.  The  log  is 
about  91  inches  in  diameter  and  is  not 
watertight.  Another  French  invention, 
by  Lieutenant  Bersier,  French  navy, 
which  will  probably  be  introduced 
aboard  ship,  is  the  steering  compass. 
Its  object  is  to  keep  a  ship  on  her 
course  automatically  and  without  the 
constant  manipulation  of  the  wheel  in 
the  hands  of  the  helmsman.  The  fol- 
lowing brief  description  of  the  device 
is  taken  from  a  recent  technical  journal. 
The  electric  spark  of  a  Ruhmkorff  coil 
is  made  to  unite  a  pointer  on  the  cir- 
cumference of  the  compass  card  with 
either  one  of  two  semi-cylindrical,  me- 
tallic plates,  which  are  electrically  in-  | 
sulated  from  each  other  and  from  the 
side  of  the  compass  box  of  binnacle. 
The  coil  is  placed  a  few  yards  from  the 
compass  and  is  supplied  by  an  alternat- 
ing current  of  from  two  to  three  am- 
peres.    The    induced    current    of    the 


secondary  coil  reaches  the  pivot  of  the 
compass,  through  a  flexible  wire,  and 
passes  thence  to  the  aluminum  capsule 
that  carries  the  sapphire,  and  follows 
along  an  aluminum  wire  or  pointer 
which  forms  a  radius  of  the  north  pole 
of  the  compass.  As  the  ship  deviates  to 
the  right  or  left  of  her  course,  the  cur- 
rent leaps  (through  a  distance  of  about 
an  inch)  from  the  pointer  to  the  right  or 
left  hand  insulated  plate  in  the  binnacle, 
and  thence  flows  through  one  of  two 
electro  magnets,  -which,  in  turn,  close 
the  circuit,  in  one  direction  of  rotation 
or  the  other,  of  asmall-150  watt  motor. 
The  shaft  of  this  motor  is  keyed  to 
the  shaft  of  the  rudder  motor,  which 
moves  the  rudder  in  the  direction 
required  to  bring  the  ship  back  to 
her  course.  It  is  reported  that  the 
compass  card  is  entirely  uninjured  by 
the  current  or  spark,  and  that  the 
device  has  been  tested  in  squadron 
practice  for  two  months  with  complete 
success. 

A  handy  little  DEVICE  has  been 
brought  out  for  preventing  the  waste 
of  current  that  often  goes  on  in  the 
electric  lighting  of  hotels  and  large 
buildings.  In  hotel  bedrooms,  cellars 
and  other  places  where  persons  are 
constantly  passing  in  and  out  and  re- 
quiring light  for  only  short  periods  it 
not  infrequently  happens  that  the  light 
is  switched  on  and  left  burning,  some- 
times for  many  hours,  to  no  purpose. 
The  apparatus  which  makes  such  waste 
impossible  is  a  small  piece,  of  clockwork, 
by  means  of  which  an  incandescent 
lamp  is  automatically  switched  off  in 
half  an  hour,  or  any  prearranged  time. 
It  can  be  included  in  any  ordinary  cir- 
cuit instead  of  the  switch,  and  at  a 
very  moderate  cost. 


Bulbs  of  incandescent  lamps  are  now 
blown  with  artistic  designs  in.  relief, 
thus  obviating  the  use  of  a  shade  and 
increasing  the  beauty  of  the  lamp. 


Highest    Bridge    in    the    World. 


The  highest  bridge  of  any  kind  in  the 
world  is  said  to  be  the  Leo  river  via- 
duct on  the  Antofagasta  Railway,  in 
Bolivia.  South  America.  The  place 
where  this  highest  railway  structure 
has  been  erected  is  over  the  Melo 
rapids,  in  the  Upper  Andes,  and  is  be- 
tween the  two  sides  of  a  canyon  which 
is  situated  10,000  feet  from  the  level  of 
the  Pacific.  Counting  from  the  surface 
of  the  stream  to  the  level  of  the  rails 
this  celebrated  bridge  is  exactly  63t>J 
feet  in  height.  The  length  of  the  prin- 
cipal span  is  eighty  feet,  and  the  dis- 
tance between  abutments  (total  length 
of  bridge)  is  S02  feet.  The  largest 
column  is  314  feet  2  inches  long,  and 
the  batter  of  the  pier  what  is  known 
to  bridge  builders  as  "one  in  three." 
The  guage  of  the  road  is  two  feet  six 
inches,  and  trains  cross  the  bridge  at  a 
speed  of  thirty  miles  an  hour. 


20-Stamp  Mill   for  Sale. 

In  Southern  California,  a  20-stamp  Gold  Quartz 
Mill,  with-  engine,  boiler,  self-feeders,  rock- 
breaker,  etc.  - 

As  the  premises  are  adjacent  to  Railroad,  the 
Mill  could  be  conveniently  removed.  Can  be  had 
at  low  price  for  cash.  Address:  "Quartz  Mill," 
care  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  San  Fran- 
cisco. 

Unitarian  literature  sent  free  by  the 
Charming  Auxiliary  of  the  First  Unitarian 
Church,  cor.  Geary  and  Franklin  Sts.,  San 
Francisco.  Address  as  above.  Mention  this 
paper.  * 

A  thoroughly  competent  Amalgamator  wants  a 
position  where  mine  and  mill  assaying  is  required. 
References  given.    Address  Box  D,  this  office. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  4®*Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

Gil  and  613  FRONT  ST.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


INVENTORS,       Take       Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

220  MABKBT  ST..  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  SAN 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasswork.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  confidential. 

tS°  WELL  MACHINERY^, 

All  kinds  of  tools.  Fortune  for  the  driller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  process;  can  take  acore.  Perfected  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pnmpinsr  Rica  to  work  br  Steam,  Air,  etc. 
Letusholpvmi.  TlIK  AMERICAN  \VELL  WOKKS, 
Aarorft,   ill.;    Chlcaeo,  111.:    Dallas,  Tex. 


Attention    fliners  ! 

W.  W.  MONTAGUE  &  CO. 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

l'"or  Hydraulic  Mining,  .Hills  and  Tower  Plants.  "^^ 

IRON,  OUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  Harket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  loast  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  fret  on 
application. 

If  you  are  interested  in 
Kock      Drilling    Correspond 


-:=--: 


mmMWU*SUL{&^i£i^. ;  fP|f 


Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Or,   Address   the  Company  at   its   Denver   Office. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  slock  belts  suitable  for  Ihe  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 


Practical  mill  men  musl  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  Manges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readily  eon- 
form  lo  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation   and 
loss  occasioned  by   the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt  trans- 
versely two 
feet  apart, 
there  is  a 
i  space    of    one 

inch,   coutain- 
ing     twenty 


riffles  1-32  of 

an    inch    in 

depth.    This 

tends    to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a    belt   with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 


H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

410  California  Street,  Hay  wards  lSuilding; 


.San  Francisco. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving:  GolcJ. 

GOLD  REMOVED  PROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

'v^^j  *,'\  653  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Sof^wftk    E- G-  DENNISTON, Proprietor. 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


NEW  METHODS. 


STORAGE  BATTERIES. 


NEW    RESULTS. 


TUE  UnTTPU  CTHD  A  PC  UATTCDV  opens  a  new  era  in  electrical  development. 
inn  nUUlm  OlUIVAlin  OiillJClVl  we  are  now  prepared  to  fill  orders  for  complete 
plants  for  lighting  or  power.  Residence  lighting  now  an  economical  success.  Stores,  warehouses, 
mines,  mills  or  street  railways  at  reduced  prices.    Estimates  furnished.    Correspondence  solicited. 

EUREKA     ELECTRIC     CO., 

42  SPEAR  STREET SAH  FRAHCISCO,  CAL 


IE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 

AU  t.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  - Coasf  Agency. 


January  10,  1895. 


Mining  and --Scientific  Press. 


45 


Practical  Information. 

Sighting  Big  Ouns. 

Any  one  who  has  ever  watched  the 
practice  at  any  ol  il"'  military 
points  has  no  doubt  been  surprised  al 
i  lit-  way  the  guns  arc  pointed,  so  thai 
a  shell  although  it  mi".-,  its  mark, 
will  drop  into  the  water  on  the  same 
line  with  the  target. 

How  do  they  gel  the  range  so 
well?"  the  unsophisticated  will  ask 

Bj  a  range  tinder,"  some  soldier  or 
sailor  will  reply,  and  then  lie  walks 
off,"  leaving  the  spectator  wondering 
where  the  range  tinder  is  and  what  it 
may  be, 

The  range  tinder  is  an  instrument 
invented  by  Lieutenant  Piske,  formerly 
attached  to  the  United  states  ship 
San  Francisco,  and  is  one  of  the  most 
complicated  of  the  many  pieces  of 
mechanism  on  board  a  modern  warship. 
The  mass  of  mechanism  is  in  a  box 
which  i-  about  two  feel  square,  and  on 
the  top  of  it  are  two  small  but  very 
powerful  telescopes  at  a  distance  of 
about  a  foot  and  a  half  apart.  These 
two  glasses  work  on  a  pivot,  and  also 
have  an  oscillating  hinge  so  that  they 
may  be  turned  in  any  direction.  Both 
glasses  are  directed  upon  one  point, 
and  the  pivot  in  turning  works  upon  a 
cogwheel  below.  This  cogwheel,  when 
turned,  starts  the  machinery  to  work, 
and  in  much  less  time  than  it  takes  to 
tell  about  it  the  machinery  indicates 
how  far  the  target  is  from  the  water 
line  of  the  ship 

The  principle  is  that,  as  the  distance 
between  the  two  glasses  is  known  and 
their  angle  is  shown  on  a  dial  at  the 
top  of  the  box,  the  good  mathematician 
can  figure  out  almost  instantly  how  far 
the  center  of  the  triangle  is  from  the 
ship's  side.  With  Lieutenant  Fiske's 
ran^e  finder,  however,  the  mathema- 
tician is  not  needed,  for  the  machine 
figures  out  the  distance  itself,  and  when 
the  telescopes  have  been  adjusted  and 
the  machinery  started  it  is  hut  a  i«o 
ment,  before  the  bell  rings  and  the  dis- 
tance is  shown  on  an  indicator  at  the 
breech  of  the  gun.  The  range  finder 
is  worked  by  electricity. 

It  is  but  one  of  the  many  great  im- 
provements that  have  been  made  in 
gunnery  during  the  last  three  years, 
and  it  is  one  of  the  most  valuable.  In 
the  old  days,  when  target  practice  was 
held,  an  officer  used  to  stand  on  the 
ship's  rail  with  a  contrivance  which 
looked  like  a  T-shaped  ladder.  The 
rungs  of  this  miniature  ladder  marked 
the  degrees,  and  the  officer,  by  holding 
this  instrument  and  a  strong  pair  of 
binoculars  to  his  eyes  could  see  how 
many  degrees  high  or  low,  or  to  the 
right  or  left  of  a  target,  that  a  shell 
struck.  But  this  was  a  great  deal  of 
work,  and  it  was  not  altogether  ac- 
curate, either.  The  range  finder, 
though,  is  positively  correct. 

Many  men  have  tried  to  prove  that 
the  range  finder  was  not  correct  in  its 
figures,  but  a  range  finder  in  good 
working  order  will  solve  any  problem 
in  its  own  particular  line  that  may  be 
put  to  it.  A  range  finder  is  very 
rarely  used  when  the  distance  is  under 
1000  yards,  for  any  good  gunner  can 
guess  at  the  proper  sighting  for  a 
short  distance. 

The  American  invention  is  the  only 
good  range  finder  in  existence,  and  the 
navies  of  the  other  nations  are  speedily 
adopting  it.  They  have  already  taken 
the  American  torpedoes,  bi-eech  plugs 
and  other  improvements. 


No.  « 


Cost  of  Railroad  Cars. 


An  ordinary  flatcar  costs  to  build 
about  $380;  a  flat  bottom  coal  car  costs 
$475;  a  gondola  drop  bottom  coal  car, 
$525;  a  double  bottom  hopper  coke  car, 
$400;  a  box  car,  $600;  a  stock  car,  $550; 
a  ventilated  fruit  car,  $700;  a  refriger- 
ator car,  $800;  a  four-wheeled  caboose, 
$550,  and  an  eight-wheeled  caboose, 
$700;  a  fifty-foot  mail  and  baggage  car, 
$3500;  a  second-class  passenger  coach, 
$4800;  a  first-class  coach,  $5500,  and  a 
first-class  Pullman  car  costs  $15,000. 


...     ,  Chirac™,      If  I        II     C     A       AnJ   «  threadneedle   street,  k.  c. 

Works  at  CHlcagO,    111.,    U.  3.  A.  London,   England. 

CHICAGO.    ILL.  U.  S.  A.,  and  ERITH,  KENT,  ENGLAND. 


The  Engineer 's  List  says:     "A  good 
preparation  for  preventing  tools  from 


Examine 

this  List  and 
write  for 
the  issues  in 
which  you 
are 
interested. 


SOMR  OF  FRASER  &  CHALMERS*  CATALOGUES  AND  PUBLICATIONS. 

u 

!■■■■■    ..n- 

SinclUu     i     ■ 

mu  rSI 

I'M'.'  iiini  Pipe  Fittings 

r.  r form i  i  Meta 

i  iu-ti.i-  an. I  Pulverisers. 
■  once  m  i-:iti..ii  Mac  aim  1 1 
Unnrlnploti  Mi:  - 
siurtcA-nm   Mm- 
i  ..ill--  I  rucIoCB. 

The  Kriic  \  !i r. 

•■  vdiiiimnrlm-  "  Sho  ■-  ami  Die 

u  Ire  Cloth,. 

\ iimtir    Oro    Fe>  tl 

Stamps,  Rolls  iiini  iiuituii:.' 

ton  Mill-. 


Orr  i  T-.  m.i  :,*k.-ii   Wheel*. 

in. i  \ \ii'« 

Rims'  ContlDUOll 

Amnljramai 

Bruckner  r  urnacea, 

for  Mluc 
llucnrn'E     i  lectrlenl    I  tint) 

i  adlvntorfi. 
i  ornlsh  Pumping  Knelnea. 
Mm'blnri  J   '"'  Patio  Pi  i  ■ 
ui.iii.  t1  Pumping  Rnglnes. 
Usuj    Outfit. 

■  ■-  ol  On    i  reattnent. 
Information  for  Smelting  <  in1. 
Gold  Mining  in  the  Black  Hilln. 
i  0861     ii Id  Amalgamation. 

i  j  nnlde  iv..rr-. 
Know  :■  -  Piimpi 


Rluko  Pumps. 
Ilrtdgiuau'e  Patei  i  I  >r-  Samp- 

■ 

.     A  Mew    5j  He i  ■  'i  .■  Knmp- 

ling. 
I  i  n,-     ft'aUT  H  1..-.-1-. 
K....1    Blnwi  t- 
i:     phi  i '    i  romwaj  s. 
Mine  \  Mil 

The  i  'omblnni inn  Procea 
Mill  Gearing. 

"  Prom  •  upper  to  I  Hauiomls." 
Rtedler  \h  <  \mi\  1 1 
Brow  n  Horseahoe  Furuai  ■ 


■  i,  .]i.--  for  Crushing  Members,    F-l,  Copper  Moulds.    F-8.  Dnvtea  Slag  Escapo.     F-4,  Pyrl  tic  Smelting.     F-6. 

'  opper  Converters,    mi   Pros] tors'  Stamp  Mill.     M  E,  Vlaakn  Mexican  Milt.     M-3,  Bianton  Cams.     M  G,  Bni  rj 

Seorl  ■  mi  Scamp  Sioms.     M-fl,  Eureka  urn  Combination  Mill.     M-IO.  How  I  heap  csu  Gold  Ore  be  Worked?     P  :, 

DeBeers'  Rnginee,     R-5,  Rtedler  IS-MUli Iftllon  Pump.     R-7,  AlaBka  Mc'xlcnn  Comprcssoi      R-o.  Horn  Silver 

i  mnprettsor     R-9,  Milwaukee  M.  Co  i pressor.    St.-l,  Jones  Underfeed  Stokers.    St.-fl,  Mennsha  Tesi  ol  .1 is 

Stokers. 

Leading  Catalogues  also  in  French  and  Spanish. 


BRANCH 

OFFICES: 

2  Wall  Street, 

New  York. 

City  of  Mexico, 

Mexico. 

527  17th  Street, 
Denver, 

Colorado. 


Helena, 


Montana. 


Salt  Lake  City, 

Utah. 


MINING  AND  ORE  TREATING    MACHINERY 
OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 


••• 


RIEDLER  PUMPS  AND  AIR   COMPRESSORS, 
CORLISS  ENGINES,  BOILERS,  ETC. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required, 

♦+♦  A    SPECIALTY,  -f-f ♦ 
OFFICE    MIND     1A/ORK.S:       34     and     36     Main     Street,     San     Francisco,    Cal. 


rusting  is  made  by  the  slow  melting  to-  [ 
gether  of  six  or   eight  parts  of  lard  to 
one   of  rosin,    stirring  till   cool.      This 
remains   semi-fluid,    ready   to  use.  the 
rosin  preventing  rancidity  and  supply- 
ing an   air-tight   film.      Rubbed   on  a  i 
bright  surface   ever   so  thinly   it  pro-  } 
tects  and  preserves  the  polish   effectu- 
ally,   and  it  can  be  wiped  off  clean  if 
desired,  or  it  may  be  thinned  with  coal 
oil  or  benzine.' 

The   meter   is  39.375+    inches,   the  : 
decimeter  3. 9375,  the  centimeter  .39375  I 
and  the  millimeter  .939375  of  an  inch,  j 
A  fair  approximation  can  be  had    by 
calling  the  millimeter  .04  or  ./.-,  of  an 
inch  and  the  centimeter  A  of  an  inch, 
and  by  having  some  number  to  use  as 
a  comparator  we  get  a  better  idea  of 
the   actual  sizes,   for  five   millimeters 
mean  very  little  to  us  unless  we  think 
that  it  is' about  1  of  an  inch. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

— *■  AheiYintPiy  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof.  !*■ 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS   and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F>.  Sc  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  MI^^ZJH^Z- 


Ax  English  paper  contrasts  the 
cost  of  a  steamer  of  3500  tons  ca- 
pacity built  on  the  Clyde  in  December, 
1889,' with  the  cost  at  which  such  a 
boat  may  be  purchased  from  the  same 
builders 'at  the  present  time.  The 
former  price  was  $157,500  against 
$107,500  at  present.  Machinery  is  the 
same  in  both  cases— triple  expansion, 
22.  35  and  59  inches  by  39  inches  stroke. 

A  Belgian  inventor  has  devised  an 
immense  lamp  such  as  has  probably 
never  been  seen  before.  The  lamp  is 
composed  of  3,000  pieces.  It  is  6  feet 
high,  and  measures  7.10  feet,  in  diame- 
ter. It  is  fed  with  lard  oil,  and  the 
consumption  is  said  to  be  very  small, 
its  light  being  so  powerful  that  one  may 
read  by  it  at  a  distance  of  600  feet. 


ill 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 


23  Park  Place, 


New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


BRANCH  OFFICIOS; 


MouadDock  Huikliiif;  ... 

Ishpeniirig 

1316  Eighteenth  Street. 
SherbrookP.  O.. 


Chicago 

Michigan 

, . ,  Denver 

. . .  Canada 


Apartado830 City  of  Mexico 


46 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  19,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


Sax  Francisco,  Jan.  17,  1895. 
Silver  has  been  below  60    all    the   week. 
Extensive  silver  shipments  are  being  made 
from  New  York   and  Omaha  to  Mexico  for 
coinage  at  the  Mexican  mints. 

Mexican  dollars  are  quoted  on  the  market 
at  regular  prices  in  advance  of  the  value  of 
the  bullion  contained  in  them.  There  is  a 
small  charge  for  mintage  at  the  Mexican 
mint  and  a  peculiar  demand  for  them  for  trade 
with  the  far  east.  The  owners  of  the  bullion 
must  have  figured  out  the  probable  profit  of 
the  transaction  and  come  to  the  conclusion 
that  their  silver  will  be  worth  more,  adding 
all  additional  expenses,  in  the  form  of  Mex- 
ican dollars  than  in  the  uncoined  bars.  The 
continuance  of  the  practice  must  depend  upon 
the  profit  to  be  gained,  and  this  in  turn  upon 
the  relative  prices  of  silver  bullion  and  Mex- 
ican dollars. 

Omaha  and  Denver  are  also  shipping  refined 
silver  bullion  to  China.  In  London  the  price 
of  silver  is  dominated  by  the  course  of  the 
American  supplies.  When  these  have  all  beer 
pressed  for  sale  the  market  has  dropped 
away,  for  China  and  Japan  have  not  been 
buying,  and  the  very  moderate  Indian  ds- 
mand  for  the  metal  has  been  checked  by  the 
fall  in  the  currency  quotation  since  the  cotton 
duties  were  formulated.  In  the  New  York 
Exchange,  on  the  10th,  a  sale  of  10,000  silver 
certificates  was  made  at  60.  This  is  the  first 
transaction  in  these  certificates  for  twelve 
months.  = 

Copper  is  quoted  at  10c.  Pig  iron  shows 
little  improvement.  Pittsburg  reports  a  re- 
cent sale  at  S9.83.  The  actual  cost  to  the 
manufacturer  is  set  at  S9.68.  The  Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad  Co.  is  reported  to  have  recently 
made  a  purchase  of  30.000  tons  steel  rails  at 
$32. 

New  Xork  Prices. 
New  Yoke,  Jan.  17. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, — Silver  in . 

London-.    N.  Y.    Copper.     Lead. 

Friday 27%       5954        9  75  S  00 

Saturday S754      59K        9  90  3  05 

Monday 27%       5956         

Tuesday 27*       59*         

Wednesday 27*       59K         9  75  3  10 

Thursday zni      b»%         

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  bv  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 12^0 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 15c 

London  Bankers'  60  days.' $4.88^ 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers *4.89S£ 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 593£ 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 50%@51 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 
ANTIMONY. 

Perlb , —    @      10 

BORAX. 

Refined,  In  car  lots —  @       bM 

Powdered,         "      —    @       5YS 

Concentrated,  "     —   @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @      — 

Sheathing 21    @     — 

Ingot,  jobbing —    @     17 

Ingot,  wholesale IS   @     14 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 5  25    @5  50 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00   @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00   @18  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14    ®     16 

PIG  TIN. 
Perlb 17    @      — 


Sheet.. 


ZINO. 


Pig.... 
Bar. . . . 
Sheet.. 
Pipe . . 


SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs. . 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "     .. 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,      "  "     ... 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 87  00    @ 

COAL. 
SPOT  FROM  YARD — PER  TON. 

Wellington ,.\ 

Greta 

Nanaimo 

Gilman 

Seattle 

Coos  Bay 

Cannel 

Egg,  hard ,    , 

Wallsend 

Scotch  Splint 

Brymbo 

West  Hartley ' " ." 

TO  ARRIVE — PER  TON. 

Australian 5  65  © 

Liverpool  Steam 625  @ 

Scotch  Splint 6  50  @ 

Cardiff 6  50  ® 

Lehigh  Lump 1600  @ 

Cumberland 12  00  @ 

Egg,  hard 12  00  ® 

West  Hartley 700  @ 

„     ,,  COKE. 

English,  to  load goo  @ 

"    "        spot,  in  bulk @ 

"        in  sacks @ 

Cumberland 900  @ 


3  95 

4  50 

5  25 
4  75 

81  20 
1  45 
1  45 


7  50 

7  50 
6  25 

5  75 

6  00 
5  50 

8  00 
12  00 

7  00 

8  00 
7  50 
850 


9  50 

11  50 

12  50 


Practical  Treatise  on  Hydraulic  Mining. 

By  AUG.  J.  BOWIE,  Jr. 
This  new  and  Important  book  Is  on  the  use  and 
construction  ot  Ditches,  Plumes,  Dams,  PlneB,  Plow 
pi  Water  on  heavy  grades,  methods  of  mlnlne  shal- 
low and  deep  placers.  hlBtory  and  development  of 
mines,  reck.. -dB  of  gold  washing:,  mechanical  appli- 
ances, such  as  uozzluB.  hurdy-gurdys,  rockers  un- 
dercurrents, etc.;  also  describes  methods  of  blast- 
ing; tunnels  and  sluices;  tailings  and  dump;  duty  of 
miners  inch,  etc.  A  very  practical  work  for  gold 
miners  and  users  of  water.  Price.  (5,  postpaid 
Por  sale  by  THE  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  press. 
220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco.  ' 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Ever))  Thursday  from  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Francisco  Journals. 


Company  and  Location.   • 

Alta  S  MCo,  Nev 

Bulwer  Con  M  Co,  Cal 

Confidence  S  M  Co,  Nev 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev — 

Hale  &  Norcross,  Nev , 

Mexican  G  &  S  MCo, Nev... 

Mono  G  M  Co,  Cal 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 

Potosi  M  Co,  Nevada 

Reed  M&  MCo,  Nev 

Savage  M  Co,  Nev 

Sierra  Nevada  S  M  Co,  Nev, 


No. 
...48.. 
...10.. 
...35.. 
...  X.. 
,.106.. 
...51.. 
...34.. 
...64.. 
..43... 
...  1.. 
...85.. 
-.108.. 


ASSESSMENTS. 
Levied,  Delintft  and  Site.  Secretary. 

.10c Nov  28,  Jan     3,  Jan  24 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

5c — Dec    11,  Jan    16,  Feb  15 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

30c...  Jan     9,  Feb  13,  Mar    6 A  S  Groth,  414  California 

15c...  Jan    8,  Feb   28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

,25c... Nov  23,  Dec    29,  Jan   23 A  B  Thompson,  309  Montgomery 

,25c Dec     5,  Jan     8,  Jan   29 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

.Nov  19,  Dec  27,Jan  21 M  E  Willis.  309  Montgomery 

.Dec    10,  Jan   14,  Feb   4 R  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

.Dec    11,  Jan    14,  Feb    5 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

.Dec  31,  Feb    11,  April  3..  John  H  Isham,  room  33.  Mills  Bldg. 

.  Dec     4,  Jan     7,  Jan   28 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

.Jan   16,Feb  20,  Mar  11 E  L  Parker,  309  Montgomery 

MEETINGS. 


Ami. 


15c. 
.25c... 
.25c... 
.  2c. 
.20c. 
,  .25c. 


Company  and  Location.  Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F. 

Belcher  S  M  Co,  Nev C  L  Perkins,  Mills  Building . 


Date. 
.Jan   29 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  17,  1895. 

There  was  considerable  manipulation  during 
the  week,  stock  being  thrown  upon  the  market 
with  disastrous  effect  to  several  small  oper- 
ators. An  effort  to  bear  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.,  and 
Ophir  was  only  partially  successful.  An  in- 
crease of  gold  in  the  bullion  output  of  the 
former  mine  is  reported. 

The  Mayflower  Gravel  Mining  Company 
paid  a  dividend  of  10c  per  share  on  the  15th. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  stockholders 
of  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mining  Company  95,264 
shares  were  represented  and  the  following 
officers  elected :  Charles  H.  Fish,  president ; 
Charles  H.  Hirshfeld,  vice-president ;  and  A. 
K.  P.  Harmon,  Thomas  Cole  and  Herman 
Zadig,  directors.  E.  L.  Parker  was  re-elected 
secretary,  and  his  financial  statement  showed 
a  credit  of  §2443.71.  An  assessment  of  25  cents 
per  share  was  levied,  delinquent  February  16. 

President  Ives  of  the  San  Francisco  Stock 
Exchange  has  appointed  the  following  com- 
mittees :  Executive — James  Marks,  Charles 
Paxton,  A.  F.  Coffin,  M.  A.  McDonald  and 
C.  W.  Fox.  Finance — E.  Epstein,  O.  R.  Jones, 
James  L.  King.  Stock  List — A.  J.  McDonald, 
O.  W.  Marye,  E.  P.  Barrett,  R.  F.  Rodgers 
and  S.  Dixon.  Commission  and  Rules — J.  H, 
Crocker,  A.  G.  Garnet  and  Werner  Stauf. 

The  Debris  Commission  has  granted  permits 
to  Goodman  Brothers,  Goodman  &  Bund  and 
Hadley  &  Bolles  to  work  their  mines  near 
"Volcano,  Amador  county.  Several  other  appli- 
cations for  permits  were  not  acted  upon. 

Alta,  and  the  12th  floor  above  the  1650  level 
in  the  Con.  Va.,  share  the  greatest  present 
attention  as  to  the  probability  of  immediate 
development. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Mines. 


Alpha. 

Alta  Consolidated 

Andes 

Belcher. 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point 

Exchequer 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 


Sierra  Nevada. 

Union 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket., 


10 


50 
37 
61 
1  10 
80 


81 
3  95 


44 

1  10 

27 

1  10 

2  05 
21 
35 


17 


42 
"3"50 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  17, 1895. 

-9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

600  Alta 33  450  Justice 20 

300  Andes 34  150  Mexican 87 

350  Best  &  Belcher. ..     89300    88 

50 90900  Ophir 1  70 

200  Bodie 80100 1  65 

800  Bullion 11[100  Overman 17 

100  Chollar 41 500  Potosi 51 

100 42  650  Savage 46 

1000  Hale  &  Norcross.    80,100 47 

300  C.  C.  V 3  40  800  S.  B.  &  M 11 

850 3  45  100  Sierra  Nevada....  48 

100  Crown  Point 60  400  Union 54 

300..: 50| 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:  30  P.  M. 

100  Belcher 48  320  Mexican 89 

1200  Best  &  Belcher.. .    901100  Mono 25 

500  Bulwer 10  200  Ophir 170 


100  Challenge 33'aOO  Potosi. . 

700  Chollar 42  200  Savage , 

1150  Crown  Point 55  100  Seg  Belcher.. 

100 56"" 

460  Con  Cal  &  Va 3  50 

50  Gould  &  Curry ....  34 

300  Hale  &  Norcross. .  85 

550...- 84 


150  Sierra  Nevada 48 

50 47 

lOOUtah 06 

300  Yellow  Jacket. ...  55 


List  of   U.  S.   Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported   by  Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


FOR  WEEK  ENDING  JAN.   8,   1895. 

532,315.  —  Car  Coupling  —  Downey  &  Hummer, 
Bishop,  Cal. 

532.334.— Trousers1  Stretcher— K  S.  O'Keeffe. 
S.  F. 

532,215.— Lamp  Heater— A.  L.  Robbins,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

532,1 16  —Grave  Implement— S.  Todd,  Alturas,  Cal. 

532,407.  —  NON-CONDUCTING      COVERING  —  E.      W 

Tucker,  S.  F. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  3.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &.  Co.  In  the  shortest  time  possible 
by  mail  or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  For- 
eign patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  business 
for  Pacific  CoaBt  inventors  transacted  with  perfect 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  in  the  shortest 
possible  time. 


Among  tne  patents  recently  obtained 
through.  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
LT.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention: 

Carburetor.  —  Edmund  R.  Cook,  Sacra- 
mento, Cal.,  assignor  of  one-half  to  "Warren  F. 
Drew  and  Moses  M.  Drew,  Sacramento,  Cal. 
No.  531,780.  Dated  Jan.  1,  1895.  This  car- 
buretor is  more  properly  a  gas  generator,  and 
the  invention  consists,  in  connection  with  an 
air  pump  and  an  oil  vessel,  of  a  rotating 
screen  reel  composed  generally  of  concentric 
cylindrical  screens  separated  from  each  other, 
the  outermost  of  the  series  being  provided 
with  cups  or  buckets  for  elevating  the  oil, 
which  oil,  by  means  of  suitable  directing 
plates  between  the  screens,  is  guided  and  di- 
rected invariably  to  the  center  of  the  screen, 
and  in  its  course  meets  with  a  flow  of  air 
which  is  admitted  to  the  center  of  the  screen 
and  is  forced  outwardly  against  the  incoming 
oil. 

Carburetor.  —  Edmund  R.  Cook,  Sacra- 
mento, Cal.  Assignor  of  one-half  to  Warren 
F.  Drew  and  Moses  M.  Drew,  Sacramento, 
Cal.  No.  531,779.  Dated  Jan.  1,  1895.  This 
carburetor  is  especially  intended  for  explosive 
engines  and  consists  essentially  of  a  mixing 
chamber  communicating  with  the  engine,  an 
air  inlet  communicating  with  a  mixing  cham- 
ber, a  sleeve  in  said  air  inlet  forming  a  vapor- 
izing chamber  exposed  to  the  inrushing  air 
and  communicating  with  the  mixing  chamber, 
a  normally  closed  spring-controlled  valve  for 
feeding  oil  to  the  vaporizing  chamber,  and  a 
means  actuated  by  the  inrushing  air  for 
operating  said  valve.  The  operation  of  the 
carburetor  is  wholly  automatic  and  the  mix- 
ture of  air  and  gas  is  regulated  to  the  needs 
of  the  engine  both  in  volume  and  proportions. 
The  inrusn  or  air  is  erreexea  t>y  cne  suutiug-of 
the  engine,  and  the  volume  and  force  of  this 
air  are  wholly  dependent  upon  the  engine; 
therefore,  when  a  large  quantity  of  air  is 
drawn  in,  it  opens  the  valve  to  a  greater  ex- 
tent, and  thus  feeds  more  oil,  and,  conse- 
quently, the  amount  of  gas  formed  is  com- 
mensurate with  the  volume  of  air.  "When 
less  air  is  drawn  in,  the  valve  is  not  opened 
so  far,  and  less  oil  is  supplied,  less  gas  is 
formed,  and  the  mixture  is  still  proportioned, 
and  is  proper  for  the  requirements  of  the 
engine. 

Car  Coupling.— Wm.  Chas.  Downey  and 
John  Charles  Hummer,  Bishop,  Cal.,  assignors 
of  one-third  to  "W.  M.  Richards,  Keeler,  Cal. 
No.  532,815.  Dated  Jan.  8,  1895.  This  car 
coupling  relates  to  the  old-style  link  and  pin 
class,  and  is  used  in  connection  with  means, 
controllable  from  the  side  or  top  of  the  car,  for 
lifting  and  dropping  the  coupling  pin,  and  for 
adjusting,  leveling  and  guiding  the  link  into 
the  opposing  drawhead  chamber.  The  link- 
adjusting  mechanism  consists  of  a  freely  sus- 
pended slidable  piece  or  plate  having  its  for- 
ward end  upturned,  and  its  rear  portion 
weighted,  said  piece  or  plate  being  mounted 
in  suitable  bearings,  and  having  a  bent  or 
deep  groove  at  its  rear,  whereby,  when  it  is 
moved  forward,  its  bent  or  grooved  portion 
enables  its  weighted  rear  end  to  drop,  and, 
thereby,  elevate  the  front  end,  which,  coming 
up  under  the  link,  levels  and  adjusts  it,  so 


Notice  of  Assessment. 

REED  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY-Locatlon 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works,  Ferguson  Mining  Dis- 
trict, Helene.  Lincoln  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  3lst  day  of  Decemv 
ber,  1894,  an  assessment  (No.  l)  of  two  (2)  cents  per- 
share,  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  33,  tenth  floor.  Mills  Building,  San  Francisco, 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  Bhall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  28th  day  of  February,  1805, 
will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction,  and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  3d  day  of  April,  1S95, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
cost  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

j  JOHN  H.  ISHAM,  Secretary. 

Office,    Room    33,    tenth    floor.  Mills  Building,  San 

Francisco,  California. 


that  it  enters  the  opposite  drawhead  with 
accuracy.  Means  are  provided,  operated  from 
the  side  of  the  car,  for  actuating  this  adjuster 
plate,  so  that  the  link  may  be  readily  con- 
trolled. The  means  for  lifting  the  pin  consist 
of  a  rock-shaft  on  the  car  end,  having  a  crank 
arm  engaging  adjustably  the  head  of  the  pin, 
and  said  shaft  is  operated  from  the  side  of  the 
car  by  means  of  suitable  cranks. 


!  RUPTURE! 

IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia — commonly  called 
rupture — was  incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  is  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  86  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pa  in,. and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  euros  him,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
Is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


ElUliH 

Business     College, 

84  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY -FIVE    DOLLARS 

TnTscoire&e  imiuuuim  *■»  &i>— i.i^~«i.-avT*-&  wikihb 
Bookkeeping,  Telegraphy.  Penmanship.  Drawing-, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  mouths.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  Individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering: 

HaB  been  es'abliBhed  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
Instructor.  The  course  Is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  tor  Circular.  C.  s.  HALEY.  Sec. 


♦  THE-* 

Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J.  P.  KEMP,  A.  B.,  E.  M.,  Professor  of  Geology 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 


Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  New 

Illustrations. 


A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coast.  Sent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $4.00.    Address 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 

220  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

Notice  of  Assessment. 

GOULD  &  CURRY  SILVER  COMPANY-Locatlon 
of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco,  Cal.; 
location  of  works,  Virginia.  Storey  county,  Nev. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on. the  17th  day  of  January, 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  75)  of  fifteen  cents  (15c)  per 
share  waB  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  69,  Nevada  block.  309  Montgomery  street,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  19th  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  Is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  12th  day  of  March,  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  coBts 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  69,  Nevada  block.  309  Montgomery 
street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


I 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS,  Agent,  220  Fremont  St,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies. 


Stamp  Cam. 


January   19,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


47 


Platinum. 


If  platinum  continues  to  advance  in 
price,  ii'M  will  soon  !«•  n<>  longer  dis- 
tinfjuishable  us  the  precious  metal.  ;is 
the  continued  rise  will  cause  gold  to  be 
as  cheap  in  comparison  as  silver  is  to 
gold.  If  an  astute  business  man  liad 
foreseen  this  rise,  and  made  a  "corner  " 
in  platinum,  he  would  have  done  a  j;ood 
stroke  of  business,  for  the  price  of 
platinum  has  increased  Bve  times  dur 
in>_'  the  past  three  years  and  is  on  the 
upward  grade.  The  cause  of  thi*  enor- 
mous appreciation  is  the  demand  for 
electrical  purposes,  and   the  output  ol 

the  mines  lias  not  kept  up  with  the 
demand.  As  electricity  is  brought 
home  i"  the  public  the  demand  and 
price  will  increase,  for  there  are  sev- 
eral use-,  to  which  platinum  is  put  for 
which  no  other  metal  has  yet  been 
found  suitable.  Notably  among  these 
an-  contact  points  and  leading  in  wires 
for  electric  lamp-..  Electric  bells  even 
now  are  often  fitted  with  contacts 
which  resemble  the  real  thing  and  yet 
are  but  a  sham.  In  the  other  case  the 
co-eftieieut  of  expansion  is  the  valuable 
feature.  Therefore  the  problem  is  to 
find  a  metal  which  will  not  oxidize  on 
being  exposed  to  the  effects  of  the 
•'  break"  spark  of  an  inductive  circuit 
and  to  get  one  which  will  make  a  tight 
joint  with  glass  and  has  the  same  co- 
efficient, of  expansion  as  that  material. 


The  Ideal  Steam  Oil  Refiner  minin 


FOR    STEAM     POWER    PLANTS 

The  Purity  Oil  Filter 

kok    WATER    POWER    PLANTS 

Will  rool&lm  your  waste  oil  mm]  Dtato  ll  equal  and  ofteu  better  tuau  new  oil.    Will  reduce  yom      > 
bills  BO  per  Mat  uini  save  your  bearings,    in  use  with  the  targeei  aad  beal  plants  everywhere. 
For  prices  and  particulars,  address 

D.    /v\.    DUUB,    137  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


IMPROVED   FORM   OF   HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


Diplomas  Awakuhii.  Courses  in  oilier  trades,  ull 
tiifimiiiitr  thorough  Inst  ruction  in  Mathematics  ami 
physics.  Bend  for  PKEB  Circular,  stating  subject 
you  wish  to  study,  to  Tin*  Correspondence  School 

ut    Min.-..  Srritiilon,  rn. 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  UIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  whioh  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices.  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 


JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


The  lust  it 'in  presented  In  the  above  cul  in  o 

new  ami  prund  Uiii«*  Invention;  being  designed  i" 
Brtve  iitv  and  limb,  and  Innumerable  lawHulta.  by 
dolus  away  with  the  dangeroiiB  operation  ot"  tilK-ffing' 
uui  wet  and  unexploded  loads,  where  Slant  Powder 
Im  used  In  mining.  Tin-  tiiHtrument  is  made  of  the 
finest  cast  steel,  and  crimps  the  cap  on  the  end  or 
the  fuse  firmly  and  abgohUtty  watertight-  Therein 
also  :i  Fuse  Cutter  attached.    Price  70*%  each. 

MOODEY  A  SHERWOOD    Fresno.  Cal. 


ROR     SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 
'0  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  oast  iron,  lead  lined. 
1  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short   time.    For  sale 
cheap.    Address        L.  C.  S.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Office,  S.  P. 


MINING,  IRON  AND  WOODWORKING 

MACHINERY  AND  SUPPLIES 

INGERSOLL-SERGEANT  PISTON  INLET  AIR  COMPRESSORS  AND   ROCK  DRILLS 

ENGINES  AND  BOILERS 


_tj!La  "^■♦5 


•155 


K> 


C 


21  AND  23  FREMONT  STREET.  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


TlltMcGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 


patented  septemher  m.  ism       CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      prank  barrerk.  secretary  „„d  Manager 

uany'w  « 

Office,  1 16  Davis  Street. 


^an  be  seen  in  operation  at  the  Company's  works,  132 
tiln  Street,  San  Francisco. 


NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 

S/W/E.D  

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 

A  MARVEL  of  Simplicity,  Durability  and  Effectiveness, 
comblulne  both  Bide  and  End  Motion  with  a  Iiumphur 
Belt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  bell  and  amount  of  PER- 
CUSSION easily  and  quickly  regulated,  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  ions.  Only  one-tenth  hurue  power 
required.    Adapted  lor  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PRICK #350  EAC H 

Including  prepared  canvas  bell  -I  ft.  H  ins.  wide. 


Falls  Mink.  Igo.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  May  25th,  189a. 

The  McGlew  Concentrator  Company:— I  take  much 
pleasure  In  endorsing  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. When  I  was  requested  to  examine  your  concen- 
trator, I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring  that  I  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Frue,  as  after  many  years'  experience 
with  different  concentrators,  I  believed  them  to  be  the 
best. 

Now.  after  a  thorough  trial  of  the  McGlew  Ore  Concen- 
trator, on  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I  emphatically 
pronounce  it  the  best  concentrator  of  any  I  have  ever 
used  In  handling  my  ores.  It  Is  doing  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Sftmpies  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  every  hour,  dried, 
HiixHil  and  assayed,  show  *  "  •  from  West  ledge,  a 
savins'  by  your  concentrator  of  94'aj  per  cent;  from  East 
ledge,  *  *  *  a  saving  of  92  per  cent.  The  concentrator 
runs  very  easy  and  pequlreB  but  slight  attention.  One 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

You  have  a  good  concentrator,  and  it  can  be  relied  upon 
to  handle  any  ore  that  will  Concentrate.  I  most  heartily 
ecommend  it  to  the  mining  public.  Yours  respectfully, 
E.  L.  BALLOU.  Propr.  Ballou  Reduction  Works. 


THE  ©  PELTON  ©WATER© WHEEL! 

EMBRACING  IN  ITS  VARIATIONS  OF  CONSTRUCTION  AND  APPLICATION 

__^*—^ ^—»^_THE       PELTON       SYSTEM       OE       EO\A/ER._-^ -^  *^_ 

The  moat  wimple  and  efficient  water  power  appliance  for  mining,  electric  or  other  service.     Full  and  reliable  Information  given  regarding  any  proposed  application  upon  receipt  of  the  necessary  data 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co.,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

>  THE  GATES  ORE  AND  ROCK  CRUSHER!  C 

SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHRRS  FOR  EITHER  MINING  OR  ROAD  WORK.       SEND  FOR  CIRCULAR. 

THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO.  .  .  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  .  .  General  Western  Ajents. 


niNE  m  BELL  ®  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and   In  Force   in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 

CTOR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  la  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
~  the  Voorhies  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March  8,  1898.  The  law  is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  of  Mine  Bell  Signals  to  Be  Used  in  All  Mines  Operated  In  the 
State  of  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Miners."  We  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  oloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  50  cents  a  copy.  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market 
Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


48 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  19,  1895. 


Prue   Ore   Concentrator. 

^^.OVER     4000     IN     ACTUAL     USE.^,^ 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


Price  of  4-f.ioH 
••      6-foot 


ide  Plain  Frue  Vanner 

'       Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner. 
'     ,  Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner 


S500,  f. 
600,  f. 
600,  f. 


For  uuy  information,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 

(Successor   to  Adams  &  Carter,) 

AGENT  FOR  THE 

FRUE  ORE   CONCENTRATOR, 


13:2  MARKET  ST., 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


GLADSTl INE  MINING  COMPANY.  FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co..  Cal.  I 

C.  J.  Ciark,  M.  E..  Gen  1.  Supl.  Dec  12.  1891.     \ 

MESSRS.  ADAMS  &  CARTER.  San  Francisco.  Cal.— DEAR  Sins:  During  my  experience  in 
mining  and  milling-.  I  have  used  twtrnlY-foiir  of  ymir  foiir-f CfDt  Frue  Vfinners  on  different 
kinds  of  ore.  both  gold  and  silver.  I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  with  other 
widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  round  the  Fun-:  In  first  place.  When  I 
built  this  mill  (20  stamps).  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  in  order  to  save  space  and 
machinery-  I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 
Twelvemonths.  They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 
tons  per  day.  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-loot  tables.  They  require  no  more  attention 
than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.  I  have  run  them  up  to 
80  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.  They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as 
the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  bearings  and 
wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil.  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 
My  repair  account  for  the  past  six  months  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.  In  order  to 
give  an  Idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing  here.  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 
from  $5  to  $20  per  ton  and  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  00  cts.  per  ton.  I  will  conclude  by 
saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  Is  the  only  table 
that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.  C.  J.  CLARK,  Gen'l  Supt. 


RISDON  IRQ/4  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  ar  v*  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 


Cable     Address:     "RIS  ^    S'S"     San     Francisco. 

<^sss»'TlANUFACTURERS    OF^1*^ 


Johnston's  Concentrator, 
Challenge  Ore  Feeders, 


Air  Compressors, 


MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 

The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Established  1860.  Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

San  Francisco,  Cal SI  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON.  Manager. 

Denver,  Col lSl'C  Eighteenth  Street. 

\V.  IT.  EMANUEL.  Agent. 

New  York  Cilv "i6    Cortluiull    Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN.  Manager. 

Chicago,  111 509  Home  Ins.  ISuilding. 

J.  B.  ALLAN.  Manager. 

Minneapolis.  Minn..  410  .Corn  Exchange. 

.7.  P.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  JTACH1NERY. 

UiNiorN    Iron  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


fllANUFftCTURERS        OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Ouart^  /V\ills, 

Manty  Chili  /V\ills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  Water  Wheel, 

PUMPS  -Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and   Lead   Furnaces,        /\11  Classes  of  Marine  \A/ork. 

^Z2^>SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.-^^ss^ 

NF.W  YORK   OFFICIO:      145    BRO«D\«AY.  CAI'.i.K    \  DllRESSi      "UNION." 

Justinian  Caire^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 
—  dealeh  in  — 

Assayers'  and  iii 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH, 

.'      ;  — -AGENT  FOR 

Ho  skins' Hydro-Carbon  Assay  furnaces 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

i.— *   AT    REDUCED    PRICES.-*"- 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  trie  best  in  weigbi  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated,  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

*s-  send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Mil  I    «K    |,.\.\. 
Number    I. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  26,  1895. 


REVIEW. 


THKEE   DOLLARS   PKK   ANNUM. 
Single  Copies.  Tell  Cents. 


Marking  nining  Locations. 


Cart-less  marking  of  the  boundaries  of  a  mining 
claim  at  the  time  of  locating  may  make  trouble  for 
the  owners,  especially  should  the  mine  become  rich 
and  well  known.  Then,  when  it  is  worth  having, 
plenty  of  people  will  be  willing  to  establish  claim  to 
it  if  they  can.  The  locator  should,  of  course,  first  try 
to  find  the  vein,  and,  that  being  found,  should  de- 
termine its  general  direction,  by  which  direction  he 
will  be  governed  in  marking  the  boundaries  of  the 
claim  on  the  surface.  Then,  when  he  records  his 
claim,  he  should  give  the  course  and  distance,  as 
nearly  as  practicable,  from  the  discovery  shaft  of 
the  claim  to  some  permanent,  well-known  objects, 
such,  for  instance,  as  stone  monuments,  blazed  trees, 
the  confluence  of  streams,  points  of  intersection  of 
will  known  gulches,  ravines  or  roads, 
prominent  buttes,  hills,  etc.,  which  may 
be  in  I  he  immediate  vicinity,  and  which 
will  serve  to  perpetuate  and  Mx  the 
position  of  the  claim  and  render  it  sus- 
ceptible  of  identification  from  the  de- 
scription given  in  the  record  of  locations 
of  the  district.  Tn  addition  to  this,  the 
claimant  should  state  the  names  of  ad- 
joining claims,  or,  if  there  are  no  adjoin- 
ing claims,  the  relative  positions  of  the 
nearest  claims.  He  should  drive  a  post 
or  erect  a  monument  at  each  corner  of 
his  surface  ground,  and  at  the  point  of 
discovery  or  discovery  shaft  should  fix 
a  post,  stake  or  board  upon  which  should 
be  designated  the  name  of  the  lode,  name 
or  names  of  locators,  number  of  feet 
claimed,  and  iu  which  direction  from  the 
point  of  discovery. 

It  is  essential  that  the  location  notice 
filed  for  record  shall,  in  addition  to  the 
foregoing  description,  state  whether  the 
entire  claim  of  1500  feet  is  taken  on  one 
side  of  the  point  of  discovery,  or  whether 
it  is  partly  on  one  side  and  partly  on  the  other  side; 
and  in  the  latter  case  how  many  feet  are  claimed  upon 
each  side  of  the  discovery  point.  It  is  important 
that  great  care  be  taken  in  making,  describing  and 
marking  mining  claims  in  the  notice  of  location  for 
record.  An  application  for  a  mining  claim  survey 
may  be  declined  by  the  mineral  deputy  surveyor 
where  the  location  is  not  properly  marked  on  the 
ground  and  recorded;  and  when  he  makes  such  sur- 
vey he  must  give  in  his  field  notes  the  bearings  and 
distances  of  his  corners  to  those  cited  in  the  location 
notice,  and  the  same  must  be  shown  on  the  official 
plat  of  the  survey  to  enable  the  department  to 
determine  the  legal  propriety  of  the  survey.  The 
provisions  of  the  law  must  be  strictly  complied 
with  in  each  case  to  entitle  the  claimant  to  a  survey 
and  a  patent.  In  all  cases,  if  the  location  was  prop- 
erly made,  it  was  marked  upon  the  ground.  If  the 
survey  of  it  was  properly  executed,  it  must  have 
been  within  the  limits  thus  marked,  and  if  the  marks 
of  the  location  and  those  of  the  survey  are  identical 
the  facts  must  appear  stated  in  the  official  field 
notes.  -    - 

The  Idaho  Legislature  has  adopted  a  memorial  to 
Congress  asking  for  the  immediate  passage  of  the 
Hartman  mineral  land  bill,  now  pending  before  Con- 
gress, to  the  end  that  the  rights  of  miners  and  pros- 
pectors may  be  protected  within  the  limits  of  the 
Northern  Pacific  Railroad  land  grant.  - 


The  Oriental  Gas  Engine. 


Montana  Mine  Inspection. 


Among  the  local  industries  there  is  none  acquiring 
more  prominence  than  that  of  the  manufacture  of  gas 
and  gasoline  engines.  The  cut  herewith  illustrates 
a  40  H.  P.  "  Oriental  "  marine  gasoline  engine,  built 
by  M.  A.  Graham,  10")  Beale  street,  this  city,  for  a 
mining  syndicate  of  Lower  California  for  transpor- 
tation of  bullion  and  supplies.  The  simplicity  of 
design,  and  consequent  ease  with  which  it  can  be 
managed,  its  reliable  action  under  all  conditions,  has 
given  the  "Oriental"  a  most  enviable  reputation 
among  users  of  gas  engines,  in  consequence  of  which 
the  works  have  been  for  several  mouths  principally 
engaged  upon  engines  for  marine  purposes.  They 
are  now  engaged  upon  a  20  H.  P.  marine  engine 
for  the  pearl  fisheries  of  the  southern  coast,  and  also 


THE    ORIENTAL    GAS    ENGINE. 

a  launch  engine  for  New  York  City.  So  it  would 
seem  the  reputation  the  ' '  Oriental "  has  obtained  at 
home  is  reaching  more  distant  shores,  and  it  is  only 
another  evidence  of  the  excellency  of  many  of  the 
products  of  the  Pacific  coast. 

Considerable  notice  has  been  given  in  these  col- 
umns to  the  recent  co-operative  experiment  at  the 
Morning  mine  in  the  Cceur  d'Alene  district,  which 
closed  down  because,  virtually,  the  owners  consid- 
ered themselves  unable  to  pay  the  men  the  $3.50  per 
day  required  by  the  Union.  The  plant  was  a  finely 
equipped  one,  the  ore  a  silver-lead  concentrating. 
Figures  furnished  state  the  cost  per  ton  of  crude  ore 
was  as  follows:  Mining,  $1,536;  milling,  .276;  rail- 
road (mine  to  mill),  .108;  general  expense,  .04; 
sampling,  .08;  royalty  (19%),  .475;  total,  $2,576. 
This  paid  the  miners  $2,625  per  day,  omitting  any- 
thing for  the  use  of  the  plant  or  tools.  The  matter 
illustrates  the  necessity  for  the  closest  management 
to  keep  any  sort  of  such  proposition  going  at  the 
present  prices  of  silver  and  lead. 

Utah  ore  producers  are  not  renewing  their  annual 
contracts  with  the  smelters.  The  latter  appear  to 
have  combined  on  advanced  rates,  and  the  producers 
say  they  will  make  no  contracts  till  the  fate  of  silver 
is  more  definite  than  at  present.  Several  of  the  ore 
producers  talk  of  building  an  independent  smelter,  to 
be  run  solely  in  their  interests-. 


The  Montana  State  Mine  Inspector  in  his  sixth  an- 
nual report  gives  a  general  description' of  the  prin- 
cipal mines  of  the  State,  with  a  description  of  the 
size  and  style  of  engines,  cables,  etc.,  and  makes 
manj'  practical  suggestions.  He  favors  abolishing 
the  use  of  crossheads  at  a  depth  not  lower  than  100 
feet  below  the  surface,  holds  that  mine  owners  and 
managers  should  permit  official  inspection  in  every 
department  of  surface  and  underground  work,  re- 
minding them  that  the  inspector  of  mines  is  sworn 
not  to  reveal  the  secrets  of  underground  workings 
and  deposits,  the  magnitude  of  bodies,  class  of  ore 
and  value,  or  aught  else  which,  if  made  public,  might 
affect  the  business  interests  of  owners  or  leasers, 
and  states  that  he  is  accredited  with  more  power 
than  he  is  granted  by  law.  He  cannot 
stop  work  in  a  mine,  nor  can  he  even 
enter  a  mine  without  permission  of  those 
in  charge,  any  more  than  a  private  citi- 
zen. 

He  points  out  the  necessity  of  greater 
protection  for  those  who  daily  enter  the 
mine  by  cages,  suggesting  the  use  of  a 
permanent  network  of  wire  not  less  than 
three  and  one-half  feet  in  height  on 
either  end,  and  wire  network  doors  the 
full  width  of  the  cage  for  either  side. 
These  doors  could  be  opened  outward 
and  closed  again  as  easily  as  the  bar  can 
be  lifted  and  put  dow  n,  provided  the 
floor  of  the  cage  does  not  stop  below  the. 
level  of  stations. 

He  urges  the   formulation  of  a  State 
code  of  mining  signals,  about  the  same  in 
substance  as  the  Voorhees  law  passed  by 
our  State  Legislature  in  March,  '93,  say- 
ing,  "A  major  portion  of  the  fatal  mine 
accidents  which  have  occurred  in    Mon- 
tana during  the   past   fifteen   years   are 
attributable    solely     to     the     misunder- 
standing of  signals,  the  forgetfulness  of  engineers  or 
from  ignorance  of  the  code  of  signals  in  use  when  a 
new  engineer  takes  charge. 

•'  With  a  universal  code  of  signals  it  is  plain  to  be 
seen  that  hundreds  of  accidents  would  be  avoided. 

"  Every  engineer  and  miner  would  have  but  one 
code  to  learn.  This  code  would  be  so  firmly  im- 
pressed upon  the  mind  that  forgetfulness  would  be 
almost  impossible.  Like  the  alphabet,  these  signals 
would  go  on  from  youth  to  old  age,  never  to  be 
eradicated  from  the  memory  when  once  learned. 

"At  present  there  are  at  least  fifty  different  codes 
of  signals  in  use,  and,  when  changing  from  one  mine 
to  another,  engineers,  and  even  foremen  and  man- 
agers, must  learn  a  new  code.  This  is  liable  to  re- 
sult in  a  confusion  of  ideas,  especially  where  quick- 
work  is  required." 

The  report  is  replete  with  points  for  the  con- 
venience, safety  and  welfare  of  all  concerned,  and 
deserves  affirmative  action. 


The  third  Government  survey  of  the  bay  of  San 
Fraucisco,  which  will  shortly  be  begun,  will,  among 
other  things,  determine  the  effect  upon  the  bay  of 
any  detritus  alleged  to  have  been  washed  down  from 
the  hydraulic  mines.  It  has  long  been  claimed  that 
the  depth  of  the  upper  part  of  the  bay  has  not  been 
diminished  thereby,  as  the  quantity  must  necessarily 
have  been  very  small. 


fO 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  26,  1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Office,  No.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Francisco. 
BS~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


The  U.  S.  Geologic  Survey. 


Annual  Subscription.. 


Oar  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 


Chicago  Office CHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoffice  aa  second-class  mail  matter. 


J.F.HALLOKAS ..General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  January  26,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATION  —The  Oriental  Gas  Engine,  49. 

EDITORIALS—  Marking  Mining  Locations:  The  Oriental  Gas  En- 
gine: Montana  Mine  Inspection;  Miscellaneous,  49.  -  Progress  of 
the  Work;  The  U.  S.  Geologic  Survey;  Economy— Wise  and  Un- 
wise. 50.    Manufacturers'  National  Convention,  51. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Internal  Rusting  ot  Boilers;  01 
Value  to  Boiler  Users;  A  Promising  Experiment;  Comparative 
Fuel  Value  of  Coal,  Oil  and  Gas,  57. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS— Revolutionizing  Telegraphy;  Big 
Electric  Locomotive;  New  Telephone  Signal;  Miscellaneous,  60. 

CORRESPONDENCE.— Along  the  Colorado  River:  As  to  Mr.  Silber- 
stein's  Theories;  Granite  as  a  Fertilizer,  54.  Colorado  Mining 
Stock  Matters,  62. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  aud  Territories,  58. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  62. 

MISCELLANEOUS— Obituary:  Concentrates:  Personal.  51.  Min- 
ing in  California:  A  New  Mine  Cage;  Effect  of  Failure  of  Coal 
Supply,  52.  Mining  Reports  and  Mine  Salting;  The  Panama 
Canal,  53.  The  Future  of  Gold,  54.  Meadow  Lake  Again;  The 
Manufacture  of  Aluminum,  55.  The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons,  56. 
Varied  Uses  of  Electricity ;  To  Build  a  Tunnel  lor  Moving  a  Li- 
brary; Ten  Miles  Above  the  Earth:  Gold  and  Silver  of  the  World, 
57.  Coast  Industrial  Notes,  59.  Wire  Rope  Versus  Electricity; 
Black  Hills  Gold  and  Silver  Product:  He  Knew  Too  Much;  A 
Word  of  Caution,  61.    Patents,  62. 


Progress  of   the  Work. 


During  the  week  Congressman  Caminetti  intro- 
duced a  resolution  that  all  pending  selections  in 
railroad  grant  interests  now  awaiting  patents  shall 
be  suspended  until  Congress  takes  action  providing 
for  the  classification  of  mineral  lands  in  all  laud 
grants. 

Hartman,  of  Montana,  asked  unanimous  consent 
for  the  consideration  of  a  resolution  for  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior  to  suspend  all  action  looking  to 
the  approval  of  selections  and  patenting  to  railroads 
of  any  lands  selected  under  the  rules  issued  July  9, 
1894,  until  Congress  may  dispose  of  the  bill  now 
pending  in  the  Senate  and  finally  settle  the  question 
of  the  classification  of  granted  lands.  Mr.  Hart- 
man  showed  that  1,092,000  acres  of  land  were 
involved. 

Tracey,  of  New  York,  objected. 

The  Committee  on  the  Protection  of  Mineral  Lands, 
in  this  city,  which  has  been  untiring  in  its  work  since 
its  appointment  at  the  State  Miners'  Association 
sixty  days  ago,  has  met  with  an  unexpected  check  in 
the  General  Land  Office  at  Washington.  Under  the 
assumption  that  it  was  a  public  institution  and  that 
the  miners  of  this  State  have  the  same  rights  as 
other  citizens,  the  committee  sent  an  agent  to  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  to  examine  the  records  of  the  General 
Land  Office  and  find  out  the  exact  location  of  the 
lands  to  which  the  railroad  company  lays  claim,  and 
such  other  information  as  can  only  be  there  ascer- 
tained. H.  F.  Clark,  the  agent  so  sent,  reports 
that  he  has  been  refused  the  right  to  copy  those 
lists.  It  is  unfair  to  assume  that  Mr.  Clark  is 
persona  non  grata,  so  the  only  just  conclusion  is  that 
some  unwarranted  influence  has  succeeded  in  closing 
the  doors  of  this  public  institution  to  the  California 
miners,  and  the  interests  of  the  public  are  subverted. 
Protests  against  the  patenting  to  the  S.  P.  Co.  of 
65,600  acres  in  the  Visalia  district  and  14,264 
acres  in  the  Independence  district  have  been  sent 
to  those  districts.  These  or  similar  protests 
would  have  been  ineffectual  after  next  Monday. 
They  are  based  on  the  avowal  that  the  lands  are 
more  valuable  for  mineral  than  agricultural  pur- 
poses. 

The  work  of  the  committee  is  of  interest  to  every 
one  directly  or  indirectly  connected  with  the  mining 
industry  of  the  State.  The  result  of  the  corpora- 
tion's efforts  to  secure  control  of  those  vast  areas  of 
lands  would  greatly  diminish  the  available  amouut  of 
mineral  land,  and  the  committee's  efforts  are  in 
parallel  lines  with  the  best  public  policy  and  the 
general  good.  Upon  the  active  co-operation  and 
substantial  help  of  those  most  interested  in  saving 
the  public  lands  from  such  absorption  depends, 
greatly,  the  measure  of  success  that  shall  attend 
the  committee's  efforts. 


The  proper  scope  of  work  of  the  U.  S.  Geologic 
Survey  has  always  been  a  subject  of  discussion.  Just 
now  an  effort  is  being  made  to  check  the  work  of  the 
Survey  in  certain  practical  lines,:  and  limit  its  useful- 
ness, by  assailing  the  motives  of  those  in  charge. 
Motives  can  always  be  misconstrued  or  misjudged, 
aud  discussion  thereon  savors  too  much  of  the  per- 
sonal to  be  admissible  in  a  technical  journal.  Among 
other  things  asserted  by  the  opponents  of  the  Sur- 
vey's system  is  that  '_'  the  work  of  the  Survey  should 
be  purely  scientific."  It  is  neither  the  province  nor 
the  purpose  of  this  journal  to  fly  to  the  defense  of 
the  Survey  or  its  Director,  but  as  a  well-wisher  to 
all  parties  in  the  controversy  it  is  to  be  said  that  the 
quoted  statement  shows  a  lamentable  lack  of  under- 
standing of  public  requirements.  There  is  too  much 
of  this  hidebound,  dry-as-dust  demand  for  "pure 
science,"  which  is  largely  abstract,  theoretical,  dilet- 
tante research  and  observation.  The  Director  of  the 
Survey  is  attacked  mainly  because  he  wants  to  do 
somethiug  practical  for  the  miners  in  the  west  half 
of  the  nation,  and  the  opposition  thereto  is  mostly 
sectional.  Director  Wolcott  recognizes  the  practi- 
cal needs  of  the  mining  interests' of  the  country,  and 
in  this  regard,  at  least,  deserves  to  be  upheld. 

Every  one  conversant  with  the  efforts  made  to 
have  the  importance  of  our  mining  interests  recog- 
nized knows  how  strenuously  this  paper  labored  to 
secure  the  establishment  of  a  bureau  of  mines  and 
mining,  similar  in  scope  to  the  recently  created  De- 
partment of  Agriculture.  The  Congressional  Com- 
mittee on  Mines  and  Mining,  to  which  a  bill  was  re- 
ferred, rejected  the  proposition,  saying  that  the 
United  States  Geological  Survey  is  to  all  intents  and 
purposes  practically  a  bureau  of  mines  and  mining. 
Now  that  recognition  is  proposed  of  this  fact  a  cry 
is  raised  that  Director  Wolcott  has  been  "  captured 
by  the  Westeim  boomers."  Unfortunately,  sundry 
journalistic  parrots  repeat  this  cry,  when  duty  to 
the  interests  they  represent  and  better  understand- 
ing of  the  question  would  impelthem  to  aid  instead 
of  retarding  an  effort  to  give  the  mineral  interests 
of  California,  Nevada,  Colorado,  Montana,  Idaho, 
Oregon  and  the  Territories  attention  commensurate 
with  their  importance  on  the  part  of  the  United 
States  Geological  Survey. 

The  assertion  that  "the  work  of  the  survey  should 
be  purely  scientific "  is  illustrative  of  a  belief  in 
some  quarters  that  general  geology  is  the  sole  scope 
and  constitutes  the  just  limits  of  the  work  of  the 
Survey.  Any  thing  published  or  worked  up  by  the 
Survey  telling  the  miner  anything  of  practical  value 
to  him  is  considered  outside  of  and  foreign  to  the  in- 
tent of  this  branch  of  Government  service.  But 
that  is  the  very  thing  that  the  Survey  is  for.  Gen- 
eral geology,  "pure  science,"  is  all  very  well  for  a 
pure  scientist,  but  it  won't  tell  a  miner  anything 
about  how  to  make  his  rock  pay.  It  won't  tell  him 
of  the  new  processes  and  methods  of  miDing.  The 
miner  doesn't  want  a  finely  published  treatise  on 
"  The  tangible  effects  of  a  chimera  revolving  in  a 
vacuum."  He  doesn't  care  much  about  a  catalogue 
of  rare  minerals  in  a  glass  case.  He  is  not  specially 
interested  in  a  monograph  on  the  Megatheriums  of 
the  Miocene  period,  but  he  does  want  some  applied 
science;  he  would  like  to  get  from  this  Government 
institution,  supported  by  public  taxation,  a  few  prac- 
tical points  on  mining  and  metallurgjr;  he  would  like 
to  be  given  in  plain  shape  the  up-to-date  condition  of 
mining  processes  of  value  to  people  now  on  earth. 

Great  objection  is  made  to  the  work  of  the  Survey 
in  giving  attention  to  practical  miniug  and  metal- 
lurgy. But  the  economic  value  of  these  things  justi- 
fies such  attention.  The  Agricultural  Department 
makes  experiments,  produces  seeds,  sends  them, 
conducts  correspondence,  and  makes  itself  useful  in 
the  concrete  rather  than  in  the  abstract,  and  thus 
fulfills  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  created.  The 
United  States  Geological  Survey  need  try  no  such  ex- 
periments, nor  send  samples,  but  it  is  within  its 
province  to  report  and  record  results  and  increase 
the  general  fund  of  practical  information.  If  a  man 
is  working  a  particular  ore  in  a  peculiar  way,  it  is 
for  the  Survey  officials  to  so  report.  As  between 
scientific  miners  and  practical  miners,  the  latter 
have  the  best  of  it  in  results  and  are  entitled  to 
recognition  in  the  work  done  by  Government  institu- 


tions.    The  utility  of  the  Survey  will  be  better  recog-  • 
nized  by  the  mining  community  if  the  ideas  of  the  Di- 
rector in  this  regard  are  not  hampered  by  those  who 
stultify  themselves  in  unworthy  opposition  to  intelli- 
gent effort  for  the  general  good. 


Economy  —  Wise  and  Unwise. 


Retrenchment  and  reform  are  the  present  watch- 
words and  the  avowed  policy  of  the  Governor  and 
Legislature.  Both  are  necessary,  and  now  is  a  good 
time  to  put  them  in  practice.  The  State  is.  in  bad 
financial  condition  aud  the  taxes  are  onerous.  The 
appropriation  in  '91  for  the  support  of  the  State 
Government  for  the  two  fiscal  years  beginning  with 
the  1st  of  July  of  that  year,  amounted  to  $9,748,696; 
the  corresponding  appropriations  in  '93  were  $11,- 
972,623.  These  figures  are  furnished  us  by  the  State 
Controller.  What  the  appropriations  for  '95  will  be 
is  for  the  present  Legislature  to  determine.  The 
sum  of  $6,000,000  a  year  is  too  much  to  annually  tax 
a  commonwealth  of  1,250,000  people.  And  that 
$6,000,000  is  only  half  the  load.  There  is  another 
$6,000,000  annually  required  for  county  governments. 
Our  present  State  officers  are  pledged  to  economy. 
They  have  a  splendid  field  for  action.  We  are  paying 
too  much  for  what  we  get,  and  are  paying  for  a  good 
deal  that  we  do  not  get  at  all.  California  pays, 
every  year,  for  the  support  of  insane  asylums,  $800,- 
000;  for  State  prisons  and  reformatories,  $550,000; 
for  deaf,  dumb  and  blind,  $100,000;  for  feeble  minded 
children,  $110,000.  Here  is  an  annual  tax  of  $1,560,- 
000  to  support  a  non-producing  and  unfortunate 
class.  The  State  printing  office  costs  $125,000  a 
year,  the  State  militia  are  given  $175,000  annually; 
that  annual  horse  trot  known  as  "  the  State  Pair  " 
has  its  thousands;  every  year  $27,500  is  given  the 
State  library;  the  institution  known  as  "the  State 
Board  of  Horticulture  "  gets  $15,000  every  twelve 
months;  the  gentlemen  who  have,  charge  of  hatching 
fish  have  an  annual  fund  of  $18,500;  the  other  gentle- 
men who  look  after  "  Yosemite  and  the  Big  Trees" 
have  $14,000.  There  is  also  paid  out  every  year  for 
Railroad  Commissioners,  $17,870;  for  State  Board  of 
Equalization,  $15,250;  for  Registrar  of  Voters,  $6,- 
000;  for  Governor's  office,  $18,900;  for  Secretary  of 
State's  office,  $24,000;  for  State  Controller's  office, 
$15,480;  for  State  Treasurer's  office,  $12,400;  for 
Attorney-General's  office,  $24,080;  for  Superinten- 
dent of  Public  Instruction's  office,  $8,600;  for  Sur- 
veyor-General's office,  $12,280;  for  employes  of 
Capitol  Commissioners,  $18,600;  for  State  Harbor 
Commissioners,  $27,600;  for  State  Board  of  Health 
$5,000;  for  San  Francisco  Board  of  Health,  $5,000 
for  Bank  Commissioners  and  their  employes,  $18,800 
for  Insurance  Commissioner's  office,  $4,800;  for  State 
Normal  School,  $97,000;  for  Guardian  of  Marshall's 
Monument,  $600;  for  office  of  State  Examining 
Board,  $6,400;  for  Adjutant-General's  office,  $6,600; 
for  Park  Commissioners'  office,  $6,300;  for  Com- 
missioner of  Public  Works,  $5,800. 

Then  there  is  the  Viticultural  Board,  $15,000  a 
year;  the  Labor  Bureau,  $7,500  a  year;  the  Loan 
Association  Commission,  $24,000  a  year,  and  so  on. 
The  records  of  the  State  Board  of  Examiners  also 
show  that  commissions  and  boards  that  perform 
duties  without  pay  have  considerable  incidental  ex- 
penses. 

The  above  is  not  one-half,  but  it  gives  a  good  idea 
of  where  the  millions  go. 

Any  intelligent  person  can  see  at  a  glance  how  in- 
flated all  this  is.  Probably  forty  per  cent  of  the 
above  is  extravagance  aud  waste.  It  would  be  wise 
economy  to  cut  deep  and  lop  off  some  of  those  finan- 
cial excrescences. 

But  there  is  true  and  false  economy,  wise  and  un- 
wise effort  at  retrenchment.  Economy  is  only  the 
judicious  expenditure  of  money.  Results  must  also 
be  considered.  There  is  one  appropriation  for  a 
State  institution  that  does  more  for  the  good  of  the 
State  than  any  other.  It  is  the  annual  appropria- 
tion for  the  State  Mining  Bureau.  Singularly 
enough,  that  is  the  very  one  first  singled  out  for 
legislative  action  that  virtually  abolishes  it.  Mr. 
Langford,  of  San  Joaquin,  has  already  introduced  a 
bill  which,  if  successful,  will  deal  a  blow  to  the  min- 
ing industries  of  the  State  that  will  seriously  hurt 
the  commonwealth. 

It  is  neither  our  province  nor  our  purpose   to  im- 


Janutrv  26    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


61 


pugn  the  motives  of  any  legislator,  whether  Iron)  the 
valleys  or  the  mountains.  It  is  to  he  presumed  that 
a  member  of  the  California  State  Legislature  goes 
to  the  Capitol  to  work  for  the  best  interests  of  the 
State.  Hence,  the  most  charitable  view  of  Mr. 
Langford's  action  is  to  assume  that  he  is  incorrectly 
informed  as  to  the  value  of  the  Bureau  whose  useful- 
ness he  seeks  to  impair,  and  that  he  is  not  acting  in 
defiance,  but  in  ignorance  of  the  valuable  interests 
to  which  he  is  antagonistic.  This  attempt  to  destroy 
the  usefulness  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau  is  an  in- 
stance of  unwise  economy.  The  very  last  thing  that 
should  be  assailed  by  reason  of  its  splendid  record 
of  practical  usefulness  is  the  first.  It  looks  more 
prisal  than  economy:  more  like  hostility  to  the 
miner  than  honesty  in  redemption  of  ante-election 
pledges.  It  is  unfair,  unwise  and  uncalled  for,  and 
the  Pbess  gives  editorial  prominence  to  this  matter, 
with  the  intent  of  calling  upon  every  one  in  the 
State  directly  or  indirectly  interested  in  California's 
great  mining  industry  to  voice  their  protest  against 
such  proposed  action. 

The  State  Mining  Bureau  is  now  at  the  front  as 
a  factor  in  promoting  the  State's  mining  inter- 
ests; it  has  given  grand  aid  in  directing  attention  to 
our  mineral  wealth;  it  is  the  only  institution  the 
miners  have;  the  few  thousands  it  annually  costs 
represent  not  a  one-hundredth  part  of  the  actual  re- 
su  nit  benefit;  it  is  now  in  the  zenith  of  its  useful- 
ness, and  he  may  justly  be  looked  upon  as  an  enemy 
of  the  State  who  would  seek  to  cripple  it. 

These  are  strong  words;  but  the  facts  justify  them. 
With  every  other  industry  paralyzed;  with  a  scarcity 
of  money,  a  dearth  of  employment  and  a  lowering  of 
wages,  the  one  institution  representative  of  an  indus- 
try that  yearly  puts  out  $20,000,000  in  tangible 
wealth  is  considered  worthy  of  being  relegated  to  a 
comatose  condition.  That  is  not  economy;  it  is  de- 
structive and  injurious;  it  borders  on  the  idiotic. 
Any  one  can  destroy:  it  takes  work,  effort,  ability, 
intelligence,  to  build  up  and  create,  but  an  idiot  with 
a  torch  can  burn  down  the  grandest  earthly  creation. 
It  has  taken  a  great  deal  of  hard  work  to  make  the 
Mining  Bureau  the  present  potent  factor  in  the 
State's  mineral  wealth;  every  dollar  it  receives  is 
faithfully  and  intelligently  spent  and  rigidly  ac- 
counted for;  its  results  redound  to  the  State's  bene- 
fits a  thousand-fold,  and  there  are  many  reasons 
why  it  should  be  encouraged  and  maintained  instead 
of  being  threatened  with  dissolution,  to  elaborate 
on  any  one  of  them  being  unnecessary  to  those 
who  can  understand  it  and  useless  to  those  who 
cannot. 

If  the  Legislature  is  sincere  in  its  intents  of  econ- 
omy, it  poorly  shows  it.  Already  it  has  -beyond  all 
preceding  years  displayed  shameless  extravagance. 
It  has  this  week  created  a  swarm  of  unnecessary 
employes  in  the  State  capital  for  the  session  who 
daily  draw  $1524.  Over  $1500  a  day  worse  than 
wasted  1  Yet  a  few  dollars  is  grudge  1  an  institution 
like  the  State  Mining  Bureau  that  is  the  means  of 
yearly  insuring  the  development  of  millions  in  the 
great  domain  of  California's  mineral  wealth. 

We  call  upon  the  miners  and  mining  men  of  the 
State  to  aid  in  preventing  this  infamy — for  infamy  it 
is — being  done.  Nothing  but  lethargy  and  inaction 
will  permit  such  injustice  to  the  State  as  the  pro- 
posed legislative  action  regarding  the  State  Mining 
Bureau.  Mining  is  the  basis  of  all  civilization,  all 
material  wealth,  all  progress.  Bullion  is  the  blood 
of  business,  the  life  of  commerce,  the  essence  of  ad- 
vancement. The  rise  or  fall  of  legitimate  mining 
marks  the  rise  or  fall  of  California.  True  economy, 
wise  legislation,  would  increase  the  scope  instead  of 
attempting  to  destroy  the  only  State  public  institu- 
tion that  benefits  the  miner  and  the  State,  for  with 
the  fortunes  of  the  miner  is  indissolubly  bound  up  the 
fortunes  of  the  State.  We  call  upon  the  press  and 
public  sentiment  to  resist  this  attack  upon  the  pros- 
perity of  the  State.  As  a  cold  business  proposition, 
such  interference  as  that  in  the  Langford  act  is 
suicidal. 

Obituary. 


Manufacturers'   National   Convention. 

A  convention  of  manufacturers  has  been  in  session 
this  week  at  Cincinnati,  O.  The  proposition  is  to 
form  a  National  Association  of  Manufacturers,  which 
shall  embrace  among  its  purposes: 

Is  The  cementing  of  a  national  organization  of 
the  manufacturers  of  the  United  States,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  considering  national  questions  affecting  their 
interests. 

2.  The  advocacy  of  carefully  considered  legisla- 
tion to  encourage  manufacturing  industries  of  all 
classes  throughout  the  country. 

3.  The  discussion  of  ways  and  means  whereby 
trade  relations  between  the  United  States  and  for- 
eign countries  may  be  developed  and  extended. 

4.  The  establishment  in  South  American  capitals 
and  other  desirable  points  of  expositions  for  the  dis- 
play of  American  products. 

5.  The  extension  of  the  commercial  marine  of  the 
United  States. 

ti.  The  recognition  of  the  Nicaragua  Canal  and 
the  control  of  the  same  by  the  United  Slates  Govern- 
ment: 

7.  The  re-establishment  of  reciprocal  trade  rela- 
tions with  foreign  countries. 

8.  Such  other  topics  as  may  be  agreed  upon  by 
the  convention. 

This  convention  is  non-politioal,  non-partisan  and 
non-sectional. 

The  preliminary  work  was  satisfactory,  and  much 
resultant  good  may  justly  be  expected. 

The  arrangements  for  the  convention  were  as 
elaborate  as  for  a  national  political  convention.  The 
original  fund  of  $10,000  was  doubled.  Over  1200 
delegates  wrote  that  they  would  be  present.  While 
it  is  proposed  to  open  up  commerce  with  the  South 
American  republics,  yet  all  the  interests  of  manu- 
facturers were  considered. 


H.  F.  Reinhart,  a  prominent  mining  engineer,  residing  at 
Chihuahua,  Mexico,  was  kilted  a  short  time  ago  by  the  acci- 
dental discharge  of  a  gun.  He  was  a  native  of  Mannheim, 
Germany,  and  in  his  39th  year.  During  his  business  career  in 
Mexico  he  caused  many  million  dollars  worth  of  American 
mining  machinery  to  be  imported  into  that  country,  He  was 
a  resident  of  this  city  from  '75  to  '80. 


Concentrates. 


coinage  mint  at 


The  Gordon  mine,  at  Baker  City,  Or.,  has  been  sold  to  Bos 
ton  men  for  $4000. 

Senator  Wolcott's  hill  to  establish 
Denver  has  been  reported  favorably. 

The  Eagle  Bird  mine  near  Washington.  Cat.,  has  closed 
down,  the  deep  snow  having  broken  the  flume. 

The  Times  says  that  there  is  scarcely  a  day  that  prospect- 
ing outfits  do  not  pass  through  Yuma  from  California. 

The  dry  house  at  the  Omaha  mine,  Grass  Valley,  was 
destroyed  by  fire  last  Monday  night.  The  miners  lost  their 
clothing. 

The  report  of  the  Alaska-Treadwell  mine  on  Douglas  Island, 
Alaska,  for  December  shows  an  average  of  $2.24  per  ton  for  the 
ore  milled. 

The  Kansas  City  Consolidated  Smelting  Company  has  closed 
its  Salt  Lake  office  and  moved  its  western  headquarters  to 
Butte,  Mont. 

The  November  report  of  the  Alaska-Mexican  mine  on 
Douglas  Island,  Alaska,  shows  that  the  ore  averaged  $2.29; 
the  cost  of  working  was  St. 95  per  ton. 

TnE  Black  Butte  mine,  near  Canyon  City,  Or.,  has  been  sold 
to  Hall  &  Smith  of  Portland ;  they  announce  their  intention  to 
erect  an  extensive  reduction  plant. 

The  new  spur  wheel  for  the  Providence  hoisting  works  has 
ari'ived  at  the  mine  at  Nevada  City.  The  miners  have  gone 
to  work  again,  after  being  idle  three  weeks. 

The  Siskiyou  Gold  Mining  Co.  has  incorporated  in  Tacoma, 
Wash. ;  incorporators,  W.  H.  Reid,  J.  L.  McMurray  and  S.  C. 
Slaughter;  capital  stock  8100,000,  divided  into  10,000  shares  of 
$10  each. 

Nearly  every  mine  in  Grass  Valley  was  shut  down  a  part 
of  this  week  by  reason  of  a  break  in  the  South  Yuba  ditch. 
Deep  snow  has  occasioned  much  damage  to  flume  and  ditch 
property. 

Resumption  of  work  in  the  White  Horse  mines  seems  to  be 
the  order  of  the  day,  says  the  Virginia  Entarprfxfl.  .  It  is  prob- 
able that  the  Washoe,  Defiance,  Jim  Blaine  and  Black 
Warrior  will  begin  prospect  work  in  the  near  future. 

The  Austin  Reveille  says  the  Imperial  Mining  Company  of 
Kennedy,  Nev.,  has  not  paid  its  men,  and  that  the  liens  filed 
on  the  property  are  not  valid.  There  is  abundance  of  ore  in 
Kennedy,  but  it  cannot  be  successfully  worked  in  the  Imperial 
mill. 

The  Gold  Eagle,  Golden  Mound  and  Ocean  Wave  gold  claims 
in  Ellsworth  district,  Yuma  Co.,  Arizona,  have  been  sold  to 
Lewalling  and  Kimball  for  $9000.  There  is  good  water  within 
half  a  mile  of  the  camp.  The  ore  is  free  milling  and  runs  as 
high  as  $80. 

The  Orleans  Mining  Co.,  at  Nevada  City,  is  adopting  the  co- 
operative plan.  The  owners  have  increased  the  capital  stock 
to  00,000  shares,  and  are  selling  12,500  shares  at  one  dollar 
each.  The  miners  employed  take  $2  per  day  in  cash  and  $1 
per  day  in  stock. 

The  Elkton  Mining  &  Milling  Company  has  given  a  title 
bond  on  its  property  at  Cripple  Creek,  Col.,  the  Kentucky, 
Bell  and  Elkton  mines,  to  J.  M.  Parker,  D.  Fletcher,  A. 
Buckler  and  others  for  $500,000.  This  is  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant sales  in  the  history  of  Cripple  Creek. 

The  Union  Leasing  and  Mining  Company  of  Leadvllle,  Col., 
has   taken  a  lease  for  a  term  of  five  years  on  the  plant  of  the 

1 


in  Smelting  I  tampan]  iu  that  city,    rhla  plant  has  been 
Idle  since  the  collapse  of  silver  in  1898,  but  will  !„•  put  in  p 
dneratiqg  condition  with  the  addition  ol   roasting 

furnaces. 

Tin:  .Montezuma  Mining  and  Seduction  re.  are  shipping  cop- 
per from  Fail-bank,  Arizona,  from  their  property  at  Nacosari, 
no  miles  from  Falrbank,  The  ore  averages 
ccntratcd  in  a  :.u  per  cent  proposition,  and  smelted  under  a 
process  that  turns  out  a  ton  of  matte  from  a  consumption  of 
two  i  Das'  til  ooke. 

Great  Interest  prevails  at  Silver  Cliff,  Col.,  over  a  new 
gold  strike  four  miles  from  there.  The  rock  formation  and  ore 
are  said  by  Cripple  Creek  experts  to  be  identical  with  those  of 
Bull  Hill  and  Has  Been,  made  by  the  best  assayers  iu  tho 
Slate  to  show  from  fia  to  $700  per  ton  gold  and  silver  values. 
The  vein  is  on  the  Bassiok  mine  belt. 

J.  A.  Elliott,  of  Butte,  Montana,  has  invented  a  gold  ma- 
chine for  which  great  claims  are  made.  The  inventor  says 
that  ground  running  tilteeu  cents  to  the  yard  can  be  made  to 
pay  by  working  it  on  a  large  scale  and  with  favorable  sur- 
roundings. Big  money  can  be  made  with  ground  running 
from  twenty  five  cents  to  $1  per  yard. 

ANOTHER  Ijil'  gold  strike  is  reported  in  the  New  York  and 
Chance  mine  at  ( Yeede,  Col.  Heretofore  the  mine  has  been  a 
rich  silver  producer,  and  has  earned  several  hundred  thousand 

dollars  for  tl wners.      The  strike  was  made  on  the  louu-foot 

level.  A  shipment  made  carried  fourteen  ounces  of  gold  and 
loo  minces  of  silver.  Henry  Wolcott  and  Judge  O.  E.  Le 
Fevre,  of  Denver,  are  the  principal  owners. 

Ax  eastern  syndicate  has  secured  control  of  the  old  copper 
mine  located  near  the  headwaters  of  Clover  creek,  Union 
county,  Or.  It  is  said  that  a  large  number  of  workmen  will 
be  employed  this  winter  in  development  work.  The  mine  is 
|  one  that  was  discovered  several  years  ago.  and,  although  rich 
in  copper,  it  has  never  been  extensively  operated.  It  is  about 
six  miles  from  North  Powder,  where  supplies  are  purchased. 

A  young  man  named  Jas.  Ryan  was  killed  at  the  Coffee  Mill 
mine,  near  Mokelumne  Hill,  last  Sunday.  He  and  his  partner 
were  working  in  a  single  drift.  The  timbers  indicated  heavy 
pressure  and  Ryan  sent  his  partner  for  a  lagging  to  strengthen 
the  timbers.  His  partner  had  gone  but  a  short  distance  when 
he  heard  a  crash.  Rushing  back  he  found  Ryan  under  a  mass  of 
earth.  His  head  was  not  covered,  but  a  lagging  lay  across  his 
throat.  It  took  two  hours  to  remove  the  earth  and  extricate 
the  body. 

Inquiry  is  progressing  regarding  the  recent  awful  explosion 
at  Butte,  Montana.  A  former  employe  of  the  Kenyon-Cornell 
Company  says  there  was  usually  kept  on  hand  anywhere  from, 
five  to  forty  boxes  of  giant  powder,  each  holding  fifty  pounds. 
The  room  iu  which  the  powder  was  kept  was  surrounded  by 
several  thousand  wrought-iron  "rabble  heads,"  pieces  of  iron 
%x4xb  inches,  used  for  heads  of  skimming  tools  iu  smelters. 
They  had  been  piled  around  the  powder  to  protect  it  from  a 
bullet,  should  any  be  fired  against  the  building,  and  were 
considered  to  afford  full  protection. 

The  De  La  Grange  Hydraulic  Mining  Co.,  incorporated  at 
$5,000,000  under  the  laws  of  Colorado,  has  twelve  miles  of  ditch 
for  its  placer  property  in  Trinity  Co.  The  Junction  City  Min- 
ing Co.  is  capitalized  at  $400,000  to  work  in  the  same  county. 
The  Mi  nersville  Mining  Co.  is  a  close  corporation  owned  by 
Messrs.  Beaudry,  Duvergey,  Chartier,  Cumenge,  and  Count 
Kergoldy.  The  latter  company  has  iu  operation  six  miles  of 
ditch,  carrying  4000  inches  of  water,  with  a  300-foot  pressure, 
and  is  running  two  giant  nozzles,  each  ten  inches  in  diameter. 

A  shaft  is  being  sunk  in  the  heart  of  the  town  of  Oro- 
ville,  Cal.  The  plan  is  to  sink  to  bedrock  a  depth  of  fifty  feet 
and  thence  drift  out  the  gravel.  Past  prospecting  has  shown 
that  one  of  the  richest  beds  of  gravel  in  the  State  is  in  the 
bar  of  Feather  river  upon  which  the  town  of  Oroville  is  built. 
The  great  difficulty  in  the  past  has  been  to  cope  with  the 
water.  The  present  projectors  believe  they  have  machinery 
that  will  drain  the  ground.  Drifting  out  the  gravel  at  that 
depth  will  not  disturb  the  surface,  and  mining  may  be  suc- 
cessfully prosecuted  under  the  entire  town  if  the  water  can 
be  handled. 

A  case  involving  100  acres  of  land  in  Calaveras  county  has 
been  on  trial  this  week  in  the  Laud  Office,  being  a  contest  as 
to  whether  it  was  mineral  or  agricultural  land.  The  decision 
was  in  favor  of  the  miner.  The  case  is  of  considerable  local 
importance  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  West  Point  mining  dis- 
trict. The  land  adjoins  the  town  of  West  Point,  and  has  been 
used  since  the  50's  for  mining  purposes  by  various  parties. 
Exteusive  mining  operations  have  in  the  past  been  carried  on 
thereon.  On  one  claim,  the  Zacerateo,  some  $125,000  has  been 
expended.  The  land  is  seamed  in  many  places  by  quartz 
veins, 

J.  E.  Frick,  one  of  the  stockholders  of  the  White  Swan 
Mining  Company,  an  Oregon  corporation,  has  begun  suit  in  the 
superior  court  in  Chicago  on  behalf  of  himself  and  other 
stockholders  against  F.  W.  Ferry  and  A.  S.  Wrightof  Ferry  & 
Wright.  The  plaintiff  alleges  that  the  defendants  entered 
into  an  agreement  to  purchase  the  White  Swan^ gold  mine  at 
Baker  City,  Or.,  for  $90,000,  and  were  given  "possession  and 
started  to  work  it,  but  iu  a  short  time  abandoned  the  property, 
and  refused  to  pay  for  it.  The  plaintiff  now  seeks  to  collect 
the  amount  which  the  alleged  purchasers  agreed  to  pay,  with 
damages.  The  defendants  are  dealers  in  mining  property, 
who  have  had  their  headquarters  in  Chicago. 


Personal. 

Louis  Robinson,  who  had  charge  of  the  Machinery  Depart- 
ment at  the  World's  Fair,  has  gone  to  Montevideo  as  fleet 
engineer  of  the  South  Atlantic  squadron. 

U.  S.  Geological  Engineer  M.  Bishop  is  at  Bisbee,  Arizona, 
to  review  the  new  boundary  line  between  Mexico  and  the 
United  States.  Lieut.  Bishop's  party  has  been  in  the  field 
for  the  past  eight  months,  and  has  lately  been  transferred  to 
the  S.  E.  Div.  of  the  Geological  and  Topographical  Survey  for 
the  War  Department. 

Lieutenant  Meigs,  of  the  Bethlehem  Iron  Company,  who 
negotiated  the  contract,  which  the  Russian  Government  re- 
cently awarded  to  the  company,  has  returned  from  St.  Peters- 
burg, bearing  all  the  papers  for  the  order.  The  contract  is 
for  1500  tons  of  unharveyized  armor  plate,  1200  tons  of  which 
is  sixteen-inch  plate  and  300  tons  seven-inch  plate,  The  value 
of  the  contract  is  $1,250,000.  The  contract  will  keep  the  plant 
busy  a  year. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.. 


January  26,  1895. 


nining  in  California. 

A  Review  of  the  Situation  Shows  the  Industry   to    Be    in    a 
Most  Prosperous  Condition. 

At  no  time  within  the  past  fifteen  years  has  the 
mining  outlook  in  California  been  so  promising  as 
now.  During  the  past  two  years  there  has  been  a 
marked  improvement  in  the  situation.  Numerous 
new  enterprises  have  been  organized  and  placed  on 
a  substantial  basis,  and  are  now  paying.  Fully  as 
many  mines,  long  abandoned,  have  been,  or  are  now 
being,  reopened  under  more  favorable  auspices  than 
obtained  at  the  time  when  operations  were  discon- 
tinued. 

In  this  State  there  are  twenty-three  counties 
where  mining  is  an  important  industry,  and  among 
these  there  are  several  in  which  it  constitutes  the 
chief  or  only  one.  Besides  these  there  are  eighteen 
other  counties  in  which  mining  or  quarrying  give 
employment  to  a  large  number  of  men. 

The  continued  successes  of  some  companies,  nu- 
merous rich  strikes  in  old  mines  and  the  discovery  of 
gold  rock  in  places  where  it  was  heretofore  unknown, 
and  the  repeated  successes  of  newly  organized  com- 
panies have  all  had  a  direct  and  beneficial  effect  in 
directing  the  attention  of  capital  to  this  State  of 
of  phenomenal  resources.  Not  only  have  resident 
capitalists  made  large  investments,  but  moneyed 
men  have  come  from  many  Eastern  cities  and  from 
Europe  seeking  secure  and  profitable  investment. 
Thus  far,  most  fortunately,  we  have  only  successes 
to  chronicle.  "  Wild  eats  "  have  not  yet  put  in  an 
appearance,  though  these,  the  most  detrimental  of 
all  things  to  legitimate  mining,  are  likely  to  appear 
at  any  time.  The  men  investing  are  showing  a  dis- 
position to  engage  in  mining  on  a  strictly  legitimate 
basis,  which,  indeed,  is  the  only  basis  on  which  mining 
enterprises  can  hope  to  exist  in  these  days. 

There  is  no  denying  the  fact  that  the  unprece- 
dented depreciation  of  silver  has  in  a  large  measure 
added  to  our  prosperity.  Large  capital  interested 
in  silver  properties  was  actually  "forced  out  of 
business."  Naturally  this  capital  would  seek  a  new 
channel  for  investment.  A  look  over  the  country 
quickly  showed  that  the  broadest,  most  legitimate 
field  lay  in  California.  Her  mines  had  already  pro- 
duced $1,200,000,000  in  gold,  and  there  was  every  in- 
dication that  hundreds  of  millions  more  were  obtain- 
able if  a  combination  of  capital,  labor  and  experience 
were  directed  this  way. 

This  increase  of  prosperity  has  not  Come  upon  us 
suddenly.  For  two  years  or  more  past  there  has 
been  an  increasingly  greater  interest  taken  in  our 
mines,  until  within  the  past  six  months  it  has  as- 
sumed the  proportions  of  a  "  rush  for  gold."  It  is 
to  be  most  sincerely  hoped  that  the  legitimate  will 
be  strictly  adhered  to,  as  one  disastrous,  ill-advised 
investment  will  do  more  to  retard  new  enterprise 
than  a  dozen  successes  can  overcome. 

Some  of  our  most  famous  mines,  notably  about. 
Nevada  county  and  in  Amador,  have,  been  worked 
continuously  and  successfully  for  years.  Still,  there 
always  remained  that  doubt,  ' '  Do  these  mines  go 
down  ?  "  The  experience  of  the  past  and  that  of  to- 
day has  demonstrated  in  a  practical  and  convincing 
manner  that  these  great  leads  "do  go  down,"  and, 
moreover,  that  the  greatest  depth  yet  attained  on 
any  vein,  which  is  almost  half  a  mile,  shows  no  falling 
off  in  the  value  of  the  quartz  at  this  great  depth. 
There  are  shafts  in  Mariposa  county  1500  feet  deep, 
in  Calaveras  equally  deep,  and  in  Amador  there  are 
several  shafts  down  more  than  2000  feet,  and  one 
2400  (the  old  Eureka)  at  Sutter  Creek.  There  are  a 
score  or  more  of  shafts  over  1000  feet  in  depth  in 
California,  and  some  of  the  deepest  are  being  sunk 
still  deeper  with  the  most  encouraging  results. 

Prominent  among  the  long-abandoned  mines  now 
being  reopened,  and  it  may  be  said  in  each  case  with 
most  encouraging  results,  are  the  Rosalia  in  River- 
side county,  where  a  vein  worked  years  ago  by  Mexi- 
cans to  water  line  has  been  reopened  and  the  work- 
ings are  in  a  fine  vein  of  quartz  that  will  pay. 

In  Mai-iposa  county  the  great  mines  of  the  Cook 
estate  near  Coulterville  have  passed  into  other  hands 
and  will  be  thoroughly  rehabilitated.  These  mines 
have  lain  idle  for  years.  It  has  also  been  stated  that 
the  mines  of  the  Mariposa  estate  are  to  be  reopened 
and  equipped  once  more. 

In  Tuolumne  county  a  dozen  old  mines  long  aban- 
doned are  once  more -the  scene  of  activity,  and  noth- 
ing but  prosperity  is  anticipated  from  them.  Promi- 
nent among  these  is  the  Mammoth  at  Jacksonville, 
which  recently  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  Sierra 
Buttes  Company.  This  company  has  also  purchased 
the  Whitlock  mine,  five  miles  north  of  the  town  of 
Mariposa,  and  are  outfitting  it  with  a  fine  plant  of 
machinery.  This  is  one  of  the  most  promising  prop- 
erties in  that  county. 

In  Calaveras  county  the  Gwyn  mine  near  Mokel- 
umne  Hill,  abandoned  in  1882  at  a  depth  of  1500  feet, 
is  being  reopened.  The  Boston  mine  is  also  being 
worked  once  more.  The  Calaveras  Consolidated  on 
Carson  Hill  has  put  in  two  busy  years  opening  that 
property.  Besides  these,  there  are  several  smaller 
properties  where  activity  has  succeeded  lethargy  or 
abandonment.  Among  these  are  several  drift  mines 
and  hydraulic  enterprises. 

Amador  county  is   a   prominent  field  of  operation 


among  old  mines.  The  leading  mines  are  the  New 
London  and  Pioneer  at  Plymouth,  and  it  is  said  the 
Alpine  mine  in  the  town  of  Plymouth  is  also  to  be 
reopened.  At  Sutter  Creek  the  Mahoney  mine  is 
again  in  operation,  and  south  of  Jackson  the  Hardeu- 
burgh  is  again  in  bonanza. 

Farther  northward,  in  Butte  county,  the  famous 
Magalia  drift  mine  has  been  purchased  by  J.  B. 
Haggin,  and  promises,  if  reports  be  true,  to  prove  a 
large  producer.  Many  other  instances  might  be 
cited,  as  this  revival  is  extending  all  over  the  State 
and  is  reaching  beyond  our  borders. 

There  are,  too,  numerous  new  enterprises  where 
capital  has  been  interested  in  the  development  and 
equipment  of  promising  prospects.  In  San  Diego 
county  the  Gold  Rock  mines  were  purchased  by  an 
Eastern  corporation,  known  as  the  Golden  Cross 
Mining  Company.  The.  mines  are  six  miles  from 
Ogilby  station,  on  the  Colorado  desert,  and  fourteen 
miles  from  the  Colorado  river,  from  which  water  is 
pumped  to  the  mine,  being  forced  to  an  altitude  of 
nearly  500  feet.  A  forty-stamp  mill  crushes  100 
tons  of  rock  daily.  The  ore  shoots  are  very  large. 
This  concern  demonstrates  the  possibilities  on  the 
desert. 

In  the  Julian  district,  also  in  this  county,  all  is 
activity  after  fifteen  years  of  stagnation.  Twenty 
or  more  mines  are  in  operation,  mostly  by  leasers, 
who  have  the  rock  crushed  in  custom  mills.  Pine 
Valley  and  Mesa  Grande  districts  are  also  active. 

In  Riverside  county  the  Good  Hope  has  passed 
into  the.  hands  of  Eastern  people  and  has  been  com- 
pletely equipped.  The  Lost  Horse  and  Pinyon 
Mountain  mines,  on  the  Colorado  desert,  have  pro- 
duced several  thousand  dollars  in  the  past  year. 

In  the  San  Bernardino  mountains  several  new 
companies  are  at  work,  and  it  is  said  Baldwin's  Gold 
Mountain  mine  is  to  be  equipped  once  more.  This 
mine  was  abandoned  years  ago,  and  the  camp — 
Blairstown — was  completely  deserted.  Tools  were 
left  lying  promiscuously  about,  doors  of  houses  stood 
ajar,  and  the  place  presented  every  appearance  of 
sudden  desertion.  Since  then  the  eighty-stamp  mill 
burned,  and  all  but  two  or  three  of  the  houses  have 
been  moved  away;  but  the  sound  of  the  whistle  and 
the  thunder  of  stamps  are  again  to  reverberate 
among  the  pine-clad  hills  of  that  vicinity,  so  it  ap- 
pears. In  the  eastern  portion  of  San  Bernardino 
county  the  mines  of  Vanderbilt  district  have  proven 
valuable  and  at  least  two  of_  the  companies  there  are 
operating  successfully.  Two-  new  districts — Shadow 
Mountain  and  Gold  Stone — have  been  discovered  in 
that  section,  and  near  Calico  mountains  gold  has 
been  found  at  the  east  and  west  end  of  the  range. 

There  is  a  renewal  of  activity  in  the  counties  east 
of  the  Sierra  Nevadas — in  Alpine,  Mono  and  Inyo 
counties.  Many  of  the  old  mines  are  once  more 
being  worked  by  new  owners  or  leasers. 

The  long-continued  and  almost  unparalleled  output 
of  the  Utica-Stickles  group  of  mines  at  Angels 
Camp,  in  Calaveras  county,  has  given  an  impetus  to 
everything  in  that  section,  and  many  new  enter- 
prises of  more  or  less  promise  have  been  promul- 
gated. 

In  addition  to  the  mines  already  mentioned  in 
Amador  county,  there  are  several  others  deserving 
of  more  than  mere  passing  notice.  The  Argonaut 
Company,  whose  property  adjoins  the  rich  Kennedy 
on  the  south,  are  sinkinga  three-compartment  shaft, 
which  it  is  intended  to  carry  to.a  depth  of  2000  feet 
before  suspending  operations  in  that  direction.  This 
shaft  has  been  started  in  the  hanging  wall,  and  it  is 
estimated  that  it  will  reach  a  depth  of  1000  feet 
before  encountering  the  veins,  thus  showing  clearly 
the  great  faith  of  the  company  in  their  mine.  These 
extensive  operations  are  based  on  the  result  of  work- 
in  the  Kennedy,  which  is  2250  feet  deep  below  the 
croppings. 

A  mile  southeast  from  the  Argonaut  another  deep 
shaft  is  being  sunk  by  the  Alma  Company.  On  this 
same  great  fissure,  between  Jackson  and  Sutter 
Creek,  a  shaft  has  been  sunk  over  1000  feet  on  the 
South  Eureka  mine,  and  considerable  other  develop- 
ment done,  representing  an  outlay  of  many  thousands 
of  dollars;  and  yet  it  is  only  recently  that  pay  rock- 
has  been  discovered,  and  the  indications  now  are 
that  the  South  Eureka  will  become  as  famous  as 
some  of  its  neighbors.  Near  Plymouth  the  Bay 
State  is  in  bonanza  and  a  mill  is  in  operation.  The 
Philadelphia  mine,  recently  purchased  by  an  English 
syndicate,  is  being  developed,  and  at  Nashville  the 
same  company  has  built  a  twenty-stamp  mill  on  their 
mine  there. 

In  El  Dorado  county  there  are  several  new  enter- 
prises, prominent  among  which  is  the  Oro  Fino  or 
Big  Canyon  mine.  It  was  here  that  a  mill  having 
1400-pound  stamps  was  erected.  It  does  not  appear 
likely,  however,  that  this  innovation  is  likely  to  be- 
come a  permanent  feature. 

In  Placer,  Nevada,  Butte,  Plumas  and  Shasta 
counties  there  have  been  numerous  new  enterprises, 
notably  at  Iron  Mountain. 

In  Siskiyou  county  there  are  over  400  operating 
mines,  a  large  number  of  which  are  new.  Trinity  is 
now  oue  of  the  foremost  mining  counties.  The  mines 
are  mostly  of  the  hydraulic  class,  which  in  this 
county  and  in  Siskiyou  have  never  been  enjoined. 

The  revival  of  hydraulic  mining  in  those  counties 
where  it  has  been  prohibited  by  law. will  tend  to 


very  materially  increase  the  gold  production.  Then1 
have  now  been  about  eighty  applications  made  for 
permits  to  resume  operations  under  the  restrictions 
of  the  law  regulating  hydraulic  mining.  Of  these 
more  than  half  have  been  granted. 

Although  there  has  been  such  a  revival  of  interest 
in  gold  mining  in  the  State  within  the  past  year,  the 
general  result  has  not  been  effected  in  a  marked 
mauuer.  But  the  year  1895  will  undoubtedly  show 
a  very  considerable  increase  in  the  total  gold  pro- 
duction. A  great  deal  of  time  has  been  spent  in  re- 
habilitating old  mines,  constructing  machinery,  etc.,  - 
and  getting  ready  to  work,  and  the  increased  pro- 
duction may  be  expected  to  follow  in  the  near  future: 

The  silver  mining  industry  is  still  centered  chiefly 
in  the  Calico  region,  in  San  Bernardino  county.  The 
litigation  so  long  pending  has  been  compromised  and 
the  several  properties  placed  under  a  single  manage- 
ment, and  it  is  currently  reported  that  these  mines 
are  to  be  again  operated  on  a  large  scale  once  more. 

The  New  Almaden  mine,  the  great  quicksilver 
producer  in  Santa  Clara  county,  after  a  period  of 
depression,  is  once  more  in  bonanza,  and  report  indi- 
cates that  this  mine  will  again  make  a  large  output. 
The  great  quicksilver  producers  are  now  in  Lake 
and  Napa  counties.  In  the  former  county  the  Great 
Western  and  Mirabel,  and  in  Napa  the  Atna,  are 
the  great  mines.  Trinity  county  is  also  furnishing  a 
considerable  quantity  of  quicksilver.  In  this  county 
the  Altoona  and  Integral  mines  have  come  into 
prominence.  Quicksilver  occurs  in  many  places  in 
the  State  in  unusual  forms,  in  association  with  gold, 
etc. ,  but  these  occurrences  are  of  geological  interest 
only. 

Copper  mining  has  declined  materially  within  the 
past  two  years,  the  principal  producers,  at  Copper- 
opolis,  having  been  shut  down. 

The  output  of  other  mineral  products  has  fallen  off 
in  some  instances,  as  in  clay,  chrome  and  managnese, 
and  in  the  manufacture  of  paving  blocks,  but  the  in- 
crease in  the  output  of  building  stones,  such  as 
granite,  sandstone  and  marble,  will  more  than  offset 
any  shortage  of  the  other  articles  mentioned. 

The  mining  or  borax  has  continued  uninter- 
ruptedly and  indications  are  that  the  output  will  be 
materially  increased  by  reason  of  the  discovery  of 
large  deposits  of  rock  near  Calico  which  contain  con- 
siderable quantities  of  calcium  borate. 

The  mining  industry  as  a  whole,  however,  is  most 
promising,  and  every  feature  of  it  points  to  a  long 
contiuued  era  of  prosperity. 

Within  the  past  two  years  electricity  has  been 
successfully  introduced  in  mining  in  California,  and 
there  is  no  doubt  it  will  in  the  future  become  a  very 
important  factor  in  mining  economics,  particularly 
in  the  transmission  of  power  to  points  difficult  of 
access  or  where  fuel  is  expensive.  Thus,  in  Mono 
county,  an  electrical  transmission  plant  has  been 
established  at  the  Standard  mine,  which  has  for  a 
motive  force  a  mountain  stream  more  than  twelve 
miles  distant  from  the  mine.  It  is  in  practical  and 
successful  operation  and  effects  a  large  saving  in 
operating  expenses. 

The  perfection  and  cheapening  of  metallurgical 
processes  is  also  doing  much  toward  assuring  suc- 
cess. The  cyanide  process  is  evidently  also  destined 
to  worlc  wonderful  results  when  more  thoroughly 
understood.  W.  H.  Storms. 

San  Francisco,  January  21,  1895. 


A  New  Mine  Cage. 


A.  Cray,  of  Sheridan,  Montana,  has  anew  mining- 
cage,  now  in  use  at  the  Hope  and  Leiter  mines.  The 
chairs  are  made  a  part  of  the  cage  and  can  be  thrown 
in  or  out  at  will.  The  station  tender  can  never  leave 
the  chairs  in,  as  they  fly  back  as  soon  as  the  engine 
takes  the  load  off  of  them.  They  can  be  used  in 
making  repairs  to  the  shaft,  such  as  retimbering, 
etc.,  as  they' will  rest  on  any  set  of  timbers,  and  the 
men  employed  in  the  shaft  can  feel  much  safer  with 
the  cage  resting  on  the  chairs  than  if  it  were  hang- 
ing by  the  rope  or  cable.  Allowing  the  cage  to  drop 
on  the  chairs  at  a  station  is  a  source  of  trouble  at  all 
the  mines  of  that  district,  as  the  chairs  are  now  ar- 
ranged. With  this  cage,  it  is  claimed,  the  only  way 
damage  can  be  done  is  by  dropping  the  cage  into  the 
sump  or  by  hoisting  it  into  the  sheaves.  With  the 
old-style  cage,  the  old  bottom  can  be  taken  off  and 
another  bottom  with  the  chairs  substituted  in  about 
three  hours.  At  the  Leiter  mine  the  cage  was  in 
running  two  and  one-half  hours  from  the  time  work- 
began  on  the  change,  and  it  is  claimed  that  it  costs 
less  to  substitute  the  new  bottom  and  chairs  than  it 
does  to  put  in  an  ordinary  set  of  chairs. 

Effect  of  Failure  of  Coal  Supply. 


A  hundred  years  ago  the  world  got  on  nicely  with- 
out the  steam  engine.  In  the  last  year  of  the  last 
century  there  were  but  three  steam  engines  in  the 
United  States,  yet  to-day  a  failure  of  the  coal  supply 
to  existing  engines  would  not  only  paralyze  industry, 
but  through  the  interruption  of  transportation  of 
food  products,  and  the  stoppage  of  water  works  and 
sewage  engines,  would  introduce  widespread  physical 
suffering. 


January  2(j,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


53 


Mining  Reports  and   Mine  halting. 

M  Mill;    ill. 


By  wn  it.n  McDKimi  i  i 

I  wish  now  to  introduce  another  personal  < 
enue  for  tin'  sake  of  the  morals  contained  in  it.  and 
;*>  bringing  out  some  "f  the  special  risks  to  be  guard- 
ed against  in  mini'  examination.  The  story  is  at  my 
own  expense,  and  may,  therefore,  be  somewhat  un- 
usual in  the  transactions  ol  a  scientific  institution 
1  am  nut  afraid  ol  the  example  being  followed  t<'  the 
injury  of  the  reputation  for  shrewdness  of  mining 
engineers  generally.  ''  '"  ""'  pleasant  to  write 
I  down  as  an  ass  in  any  form;  and  personal  ex- 
perience  which,  if  related,  might  lead  i"  such  con- 
clusions are  usually  kepi  as  private  as  ciroumstat 

will  permit      S e  experiences  which  might  be  very 

instructive  if  published,  but  which  naturally  do  not 
nown,  are  those  arising  from  salting  when  the 
i  ..  r  knows  himself  of  its  occurrence. 
\    few  years  ago,  an  English  mining  engineer  and 

friend  of  mini'  brought  t in    New    York— where 

I  then  had  a  testing  mill  and  assay  office — a  series 
ni  average  samples  be  had  taken  from  a  silver  mine 
in  the  Rocky  mountains,  and  also  half  a  ton  of  the 
average  ore  for  a  milling  test.  The  samples  came 
nut  very  well,  the  milling  test  showed  no  difficulty  in 
treatment,  and  the  engineer's  report  to  his  English 
principals  was  quite  a  glowing  one.  For  financial 
reasons  the  purchase  fell  through  in  London,  and  a 
year  later  the  owner  of  the  mine  called  to  see  me 
about  the  property.  I  had  been  so  well  impressed 
with  my  friend's  report  on  the  mine,  and  the  owner's 
description,  that  1  made  offers  to  purchase  on  behalf 
of  an  English  company,  subject  to  examination. 
Before  going  so  far.  however,  1  got  a  report  from  a 
mining  engineer  resident  in  the  west,  and  whose 
name  is  well  known,  confirming  the  owner's  state- 
ment as  tn  quantity  and  average  grade  of  ore  in 
sight.  In  addition  to  this,  I  had  copies  of  statements 
h>.  two  other  western  engineers,  showing  the  mine 
to  lie  valuable  if  the  ore  were  worked  by  milling 
process  instead  of  by  shipment  to  smelters,  as  had 
been  done  in  the  past.  On  this  I  visited  the  mine 
and  sampled  it  carefully,  taking  some  1200  lbs.  of 
samples,  and  sealing  the  sacks  in  the  mine  by  wire 
through  and  round  the  necks,  and  held  by  a  special 
lead  seal  of  my  own.  I  wanted  large  samples  to  con- 
firm previous  milling  tests,  as  the  matter  of  treat- 
ment seemed  an  important  one;  but  as  I  could  not 
carry  about  me,  and  sleep  with  120(1  lbs.  of  ore,  and 
no  vigilance  would  prevent  the  possibility  of  value 
being  worked  into  the  sacks  if  once  lost  sight  of,  I 
took  a  special  precaution  against  salting  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner,  The  ore  occurred  as  a  bedded 
deposit,  and,  outside  of  occasional  pockets  of  good 
ore,  was  reported  to  be  of  an  average  assay  "value 
from  thirty  to  fifty  ounces  of  silver  per  ton  by  the 
different  engineers  who  had  examined  it.  It  was 
a  question  of  milling  the  full  width  of  the  bed,  which 
averaged  about  six  feet;  and  the  appearance  of  the 
ore  lent  itself  wonderfully  well  to  the  theory  of  its 
average  value.  I,  therefore,  took  in  addition  to 
twenty-six  average  samples  seven  special  full  sack 
samples  from  different  parts  of  the  mine,  each  of 
wdiich  consisted  only  of  large  lumps  of  the  poorer 
ore,  without  any  tine  admixture.  The  object  was  to 
have  samples  which  could  be  readily  cleaned  when 
once  in  my  own  office,  and,  therefore,  which  would 
be  unaffected  by  any  salt  introduced  in  a  fine  or 
liquid  state  into  the  sacks  after  sealing.  With  cer- 
tainty that  there  had  been  no  salting,  if  these  lump 
samples  showed  a  fair  silver  contents,  there  could  be 
no  doubt  whatever  as  to  the  value  of  the  deposit. 

In  this  material  world  good  inteutions  are  by 
themselves  very  inadequate.  My  little  programme, 
framed  for  my  own  protection,  was  in  an  evil  moment 
slightly  changed,  and  thereby  ruined.  Owing  to 
pressure  of  enquiry  for  a  preliminary  report  I 
decided  to  crush  five  of  my  seven  test  samples  in  a 
neighboring  sampling  works,  and  so  satisfy  myself 
as  to  the  lower  grade  of  ore  which  would  determine 
the  probable  value  of  the  mine  for  me.  I  took  every 
precaution  by  cleaning  up  the  crusher  and  rolls  my- 
self, and  dusting  off  the  lump  samples,  and  crushing 
and  quartering  down  to  the  assay  samples,  which 
I  took  in  duplicate.  One  of  the  sets  of  samples  I 
gave  a  local  assayer  who  was  I  knew  interested,  and 
would  not  have  been  of  course  reliable  if  unchecked. 
The  second  set  of  samples  I  kept  myself  in  a  valise 
in  my  bedroom.  Subsequent  events  showed  that 
these  private  cheque  samples  were  got  at,  and  that 
the  whole  mining  camp  was  honeycombed  with  a  six 
years'  standing  conspiracy.  I  had  still  in  reserve 
the  two  other  lump  samples  sealed  as  taken,  and 
which  with  the  other  twenty-six  average  samples 
were  sent  on  to  New  York  to  await  my  return.  As 
bad  luck  would  have  it,  however,  I  was  stopped  by 
telegram  on  my  return,  and  had  to  go  farther  west 
to  examine  another  mine;  and  the  samples  arriving 
before  I  did,  were  crushed  and  assayed  by  my  assis- 
tant in  New  York  without  the  special  precaution 
necessary  for  the  two  lump  samples  of  cleaning  be- 
fore crushing. 

During  the  night  preceding  the  shipment  of  sam- 
ples  the  gang  interested   worked  into  each  sack  a 

'*  Paper  read  on  Dec.  19,  1894,  at  ihe  meeting  of  the  Institute  of 
Mining  and  Metallurgy. 


nf  extremely  tine  divided  precipitated  silver. 
which  can  be  purchased  in  the  west  from  leaching 
works  using  copper  plate  precipitation.  In  the  final 
crushing  and  mixing  for  assay  samples  the  "  salt  " 
became  properly  incorporated,  and  appeared  duly  in 
the  results.  Investigation  later  showed  that  the 
lump    samples    alone    contained   naturally  about  two 

to  three  ounces  of  silver  per  ton,  but  when  properly 
doctored  they  went  from  twenty  to  thirty  ounces. 
As  I  cleaned  and  crushed  my  firsl  live  lump  samples, 
no  silver  previously  worked  into  the  sack  could 
have  materially  increased  the  assay  of  the  big  pieces, 
but  when  once  crushed  the  saltine  could  be  easily 
effected,  and,  as  before  mentioned,  my  small  crushed 
samples  were  got  at  afterwards  independently.  The 
two  lump  samplcii—VixrE.. doubtless^ given  an  extra 
dose  before  shipment  to  allow  for  loss,  and  my  assist 
ant  in  crushing  them  doubtless  emptied  the  whole 
sacks  into  the  crusher,  perhaps  even  shaking  them 
afterwards.  There  is  not  the  least  possible  doubt 
as  to  the  method  of  salting,  because  1  found  after- 
wards in  every  sample,  by  panning  and  the  use  of  a 
microscope,  that  the  value  lay  in  the  fine  metallic 
silver  which  did  not  exist  in  the  mine  itself  at  all. 

The  presence  of  the  metallic  silver  in  the  samples 
was  discovered  by  me  in  course  of  milling  tests,  and 
its  peculiar  character  so  far  raised  suspicions  as  to 
lead  me  to  endeavor  to  get  a  new  sampling;  but  I 
was  defeated  by  a  concatenation  of  circumstances  too 
involved  for  explanation  here;  and  chiefly  due  to  the 
skillful  manipulation  of  the  gang,  who,  with  every 
appearance  of  willingness  to  help  in  any  way,  manag- 
ed to  block  every  step.  In  this  course  they  were 
assisted  by  my  principals,  who  pushed  on  for  com- 
pletion of  purchase,  and  would  not  hear  of  any  chance 
of  error  in  view  of  previous  reports  by  other  engi- 
neers, and  of  the  necessity  of  making  payments  at  a 
fixed  date.  Nevertheless,  within  a  few  days  of  the 
completion  of  the  purchase  I  sampled  the  mine  again; 
the  first  assays  settled  the  matter,  and  I  cabled  the 
fact  of  the  whole  business  being  a  swindle  to  the 
purchasers,  and  started  on  the  uphill  work  of  bring- 
ing the  matter  home  to  the  gang.  Now  salting  is 
not  a  thing  which  a  man  does  by  the  roadside  while 
bis  neighbors  are  going  to  church;  and  unless  one 
of  the  conspirators  should  "  peach,"  it  is  always  very 
difficult  to  make  an  absolute  case  for  trial.  Owing, 
however,  to  the  form  of  "  salt  "  introduced  into  my 
sacks,  which  I  was  able  to  separate  and  exhibit  by 
microscope  slides,  and  to  a  vast  amount  of  circum- 
stantial and  detective  evidence  collected  little  by  lit- 
tle, I  was  able,  after  four  years  of  working  and 
fighting,  to  get  a  sweeping  judgment  against  the 
vendors  of  the  mine.  Of  the  three  ''honorable 
gentlemen  "  who  were  principally  interested  in  the 
swindle,  one  was  Mayor  of  a  flourishing  town,  who 
has,  since  the  judgment,  disappeared  from  view. 
Another,  who  did  the  scientific  part  of  the  work,  is, 
I  believe,  enjoying  a  position  of  political  trust  in  his 
country;  for,  in  a  free  aud  progressive  country,  under 
Irish  rule,  the  personal  misfortune  of  being  found 
out  and  convicted  does  not  spoil  a  citizen's  political 
career. 

Prom  facts  and  evidence  in  this  case  I  am  able  to 
throw  some  light,  not  only  on  my  own  shortcomings, 
but  on  the  misfortunes  of  three  other  engineers  in 
respect  to  this  same  property,  all  useful  here  for  the 
purpose  of  showing  variations  in  the  art  of  salting. 
The  English  engineer  had  not  even  sealed  his  sam 
pies,  but  had  tied  his  sacks  with  string,  and  had 
crushed  and  sampled  the  ore  in  a  local  mill  before 
shipping  to  me.  Before  this,  however,  the  gang 
had  been  able  to  calmly  empty  out  his  average  sam- 
ples and  fill  his  sacks  with  the  best  selected  ore  of 
the  mine,  so  that  no  introduction  of  foreign  matter 
was  necessary.  In  my  milling  tests  on  his  samples  I 
had  made  no  microscopic  examination  as  I  did  later 
on  my  own  sampling;  and  when  I  found  the  metallic 
silver  (which  I  supposed  to  be  native  silver,  but  was 
still  suspicious  of)  I  at  once  looked  for  the  previous 
assay  samples  of  a  year  before.  Had  I  been  able 
then  to  find  these-the-gatBe^vould-harve  been  up;  but 
here,  as  at  one  or  two  other  turning  points  in  the 
case,  it  is  clear  that  the  devil  had  a  retaining  fee 
from  the  other  side,  and  was  earning  it.  We  usual- 
ly kept  small  assay  samples  of  all  tests  for  a  year, 
and  then  threw  them  away,  and  the  last  cleaning 
out  had  been  down  to  aud  inclusive  of  the  indentical 
samples  I  wanted.  Curiously  enough,  some  months 
afterwards  a  single  sealed  bottle  of  the  mixed  aver- 
age of  all  the  samples  of  the  English  engineer  was 
found,  and  made  useful  evidence  in  the  case,  for  it 
contained  none  of  the  metallic  silver  which  constituted 
the  value  of  my  samples. 

An  American  mining  man  who  took  small  samples 
and  sealed  them  with  the  end  of  his  pen-knife,  as  a 
distinguishing  mark,  took  the  samples  himself  to  the 
Express  Company's  office  at  the  nearest  railway 
station,  but  the  ageut  of  the  Express  Company  had 
been  persuaded  to  let  the  owners  of  the  mine  take  a 
look  at  these  sacks  of  ore  in  his  charge.  They  open- 
ed the  sacks,  changed  the  ore,  and  reseated  the 
paclcages,  using  a  pen-knife,  as  the  expert  had  done. 
The  experienced  western  engineer — whose  report 
had  been  received  by  me  before  I  first  went  to  the 
mine— had  taken  his  samples  carefully,  quartered 
them  down  in  the  mine,  to  small  samples,  put  them 
in  sacks,  and  sealed  them  with  his  own  seal,  having 
his   initial  on  it.     He  also  delivered  his  samples  per- 


sonally to  the  Express  Company,  and  feit  safe  in  con- 
Sequence.  At  midnight,  two  of  the  salting  gang  and 
the  Express  Company's  agent  were  at  work  on  these 
sacl  -.  To  avoid  breaking  the  seals,  which  they 
could  not  duplicate,  they  opened  the  sacks  from  the 
bottom,    at    the    joining,    and  neatly  sewed  them  up 

again  alter  substituting  a  more  satisfactory  grade  of 
ore  than  mere  average  samples  of  the  mine  were  likelj 

to  prove.  A  sack  which  has  the  sewing  of  the  joining 
inside,  and  is  sealed  at  the  mouth,  cannot  be  opened 
at  the  bottom  and  re-sewed  with  absolute  impunity: 
but  the  opening  need  not  be  large,  and  with  neat 
work,  and  the  big  chances  of  tin  expert  having  ab- 
solute confidence  in  the  Express  Company  or  post 
office,  after  he  has  personally  delivered  his  sample-. 
the  business  can  be  done.  It  certainly  succeeded  in 
this  instance  up  to  the  sailer's  full  expectations. 
The  enterprising  gentleman  who  was  directing  opera 
tions,  evidently  thought,  however,  that  cutting 
seams  of  sacks  and  re-sewing  was  more  fatiguing  and 
not  so  artistic  as  duplicating  seals,  because  he  had 
the  foresight  to  take  a  copy  of  the  impression  of  the 
seal  on  the  sacks,  and  get  one  made  for  himself. 
The  expert's  initial  was  not  his,  but  he  explained  to 
his  friends  that  it  might  come  in  useful  some  day. 

Besides  these  three  experts  and  myself,  there  had 
previously  been  a  professor  of  geology  who  had  made 
a  good  report,  on  which  a  company  had  been  formed, 
the  mine  purchased,  and  some  working  capital 
raised.  It  took  this  company  some  time  to  find  out 
what  sort  of  a  property  had  been  secured,  because 
the  head  of  the  gang  had  bargained  to  be  retained  as 
manager.  He  judiciously  steered  the  business  into 
debt,  after  getting  all  the  cash  forthcoming  for 
working,  then  sold  the  whole  property  out  for  a  song 
to  one  of  his  confederates,  and  started  out  on  the 
search  for  fresh  "  suckers."  I  don't  know  how  the 
professor  was  had,  but  probably  he  was  occupied  in 
the  more  important  geological  questions  in  connec- 
tion with  the  deposit,  and  asked  the  vendors  to  get 
him  some  good,  fair,  average  samples  by  which  to 
determine  the  value. 

The  microscope  or  a  very  strong  glass  is  often  of 
great  service,  as  shown  in  the  foregoing  case.  In 
silver  ores  the  silver-bearing  minerals  can  often  be 
washed  out  and  identified,  and  with  gold  ores  the 
color  and  form  of  the  metallic  particles  are  some- 
times suggestive.  Once  in  Dakota  I  was  taken  to 
see  a  vein  said  to  be  rich  in  silver,  but  the  appear- 
ance of  the  vein  matter  raised  an  immediate  doubt 
as  to  what  form  the  silver  could  be  concealed  in. 
By  panning  1  obtained  some  native  silver,  but  when 
examined  under  a  glass  some  of  the  pieces  showed 
traces  of  native  copper  attached.  The  only  place  I 
know  where  native  silver  and  copper  occur  actually 
welded  together  is  the  copper  region  of  Lake 
Superior;  and  on  questioning  a  little  the  honest 
miner  who  was  my  guide — and  who  kindly  assisted 
in  crushing  some  samples — I  found  he  had  formerly 
worked  on  Lake  Superior.  No  great  intellectual 
effort  was  then  necessary  to  account  for  the  occur- 
rence of  the  silver  in  the  very  unpromising  looking 
vein  matter. 

In  the  case  of  panning  tests  on  gold  ore,  or  gravel, 
or  for  precious  stones,  it  is  of  course  comparatively 
easy  for  any  one  who  is  allowed  to  be  within  a  short 
distance  of  the  expert  to  get  in  his  salting  work,  and 
solitude  is  the  only  protection.  Among  the  known 
methods  worth  a  passing  mention  are  the  following: 
The  Salter  may  use  a  quill  toothpick  as  a  weapon  for 
long-range  shooting,  or  have  gold  dust  in  his  nails 
for  short  range,  or  charge  his  pipe  or  cigar  and  not 
watch  where  the  ashes  fall.  Cases  have  been  known 
of  gold  pans  prepared  in  advance  by  a  valuable 
varnish  which  gradually  rubbed  off  in  use.  Probably 
some  of  our  members  can  describe  other  varieties  of 
means  for  reaching  the  same  end;  and  although  it  is 
not  possible  to  mention  all  the  devices,  there  may  be 
some  utility  in  putting  on  record  for  others  the 
better  known  ones,  for  it  is  certain  that  many  young 
engineers  start  out  with  confidence  of  much  learning, 
ready  to  undertake  responsible  examinations,  and 
without  any  clear  idea  of  the  dangers  they  are  court- 
ing. A  man  may  acquire  a  fair  amount  of  practical 
experience,  and  confidence  begotten  of  the  same, 
without  happening  to  get  into  surroundings  of  any 
real  danger,  and  so  when  least  expecting  it  may  yet 
be  nipped.  All  men  of  experience  agree  that  the 
only  absolute  protection  is  solitude,  and  that  trust- 
ing to  knowledge  of  the  old  tricks  or  to  personal 
watchfulness  is  quite  insufficient  if  any  person  is  im- 
mediately around. 

The  Panama   Canal. 


The  great  De  Lesseps  Panama  ditch  is  a  melan- 
choly wreck.  The  wharves  are  falling  into  the  water 
and  acres  of  machinery  are  rusting  to  dissolution. 
On  the  isthmus  are  nearly  1000  miles  of  steel  track 
with  locomotives  and  thousands  of  dump-carts,  now 
half  hidden  in  the  tropical  growth.  Seventy-six 
great  steam  shovels  stand  side  by  side  in  the  excava- 
tion buried  in  luxuriant  vegetation,  so  that  only  the 
gaunt  arms  stand  up  above  the  green.  While  200 
locomotives  have  been  housed,  it  is  estimated  that 
nine-tenths  of  the  millions  squandered  on  this  pro- 
digious enterprise  is  going  to  waste.  Much  of  the 
excavated  land  has  been  washed  back  into  its  orig- 
inal place,  and  the  great  scar  on  the  face  of  the 
Panama  isthmus  is  rapidly  fading  from  view. 


54 


Mining  ;aNd  Scientific  .Press. 


January  26    1895. 


Along  the  Colorado  River. 

To  the  Editor: — To  one  who  has  never  examined 
or  even  seen  the  mines  bordering  on  the  Colorado 
river  from  Yuma  to  the  Needles,  they  are  a  revela- 
tion. Some  time  since,  while  at  the  San  Xavier  in 
Tucson,  Arizona,  a  very  prominent  mining  engineer, 
knowing  that  I  was  interested  in  mining,  asked  me 
if  I  had  ever  been  along  the  Colorado.  "If  not," 
said  he,  "  do  not  go  back  to  New  York  until  you  have 
seen  that  wonderfully  rich  country  in  gold,  silver, 
lead  and  iron."  Tin  had  not  then  been  discovered  in 
any  quantity,  said  he.  I  have  spent  several  weeks 
in  a  careful  examination  of  the  different  mining  dis-.- 
tricts,  and  as  a  result  I  can  say  that  within  the  next 
five  years  the  country  between  Ehrenberg  and  Yuma 
will  surprise  the  world  in  its  output  of  gold,  silver 
and  lead.  Copper  does  not  amount  to  anything,  but 
iron,  manganese,  zinc  and  other  minerals  will  come 
in  time,  when  cheap  transportation  and  living  can  be 
had.  The  great  cement  belt  of  gold  east  of  Ehren- 
berg, the  gold  veins  nearer  the  river,  the  great  gold 
veins  at  Picacho — the  finest  free-milling  belt  of  gold 
ores  I  have  ever  seen,  together  with  those  farther 
back  from  the  Colorado,  will  astonish  us  all,  while 
the  rich  silver  and  lead  districts  of  Castle  Dome, 
Eureka  and  Silver  districts  will  open  the  eyes  of  our 
silver-producing  sections.  Just  at  present  but  little 
can  be  done  on  account  of  the  high  cost  of  provisions 
and  the  exorbitant  rates  of  freight.  Think  of  it ! 
Five  cents  per  pound  for  beans,  potatoes,  flour,  bar- 
ley, or  oats;  $23  to  $30  per  ton  for  hay;  $40  to  $50 
per  thousand  feet  of  lumber;  eight  cents  for  onions 
and  ten  cents  for  all  other  vegetables;  twenty  to 
twenty-five  cents  for  bacon,  ham  and  lard;  fifteen 
cents  for  sugar;  fifty  cents  for  coffee.  In  these  times 
the  miners  cannot  stand  it  and  live.  But  the  grand 
keynote  has  been  struck  by  a  company  of  wealthy 
capitalists,  whose  names  are  purposely  withheld  from 
the  public  at  present,  who  have  at  Barrier  Rocks  on 
the  Colorado  river,  near  Picacho,  a  large  millsite  for 
water  power  for  the  largest  electric  plant  ever  con- 
structed. The  river  at  this  point  is  divided  into 
four  channels  or  waterways  by  great  piers  of  rock 
thirty-five  to  seventy  feet  above  the  river  and  hav- 
ing a  base  of  from  100  to  500  feet  square,  being  75  to 
125  feet  apart  and  extend  out  into  and  down  the 
river  far  enough  to  give  room  for  the  construction  of 
from  100  to  150  distinct  water  wheels  which  can  be 
built  sn  that  they  will  stand  in  lines  or  series  of  three 
or  four  each,  on  one  or  different  shafts  in  line.  At 
first,  one  wheel  or  a  series  of  wheels  will  be  put  in 
and  be  connected  to  a  1000-kilowatt  generator,  the 
largest  ever  built.  Lines  will  be.  put  up  first  to  the 
mines  and  mills  which,  by  the  time  the  wheels  are 
ready,  will  be  in  operation.  Then,  as  fast  as  the  de- 
mand increases,  other  wheels  or  series  of  wheels  will 
be  put  in.  These  wheels  will  be  suspended  or  hung 
from  iron  or  steel  bridges  which  will  rest  on  the 
great  piers  which  Nature  has  already  constructed. 
The  entire  work  will  be  of  iron,  steel  and  aluminum. 
In  short,  the  plan  is  this:  To  furnish  power  and 
light  for  running  all  the  mines,  mills,  furnaces, 
smelters  and  reduction  works  within  a  radius  of  100 
miles;  to  run  a  narrow  guage  railroad  which  will  be 
built  to  counect  the  miues  and  mining  plants  with 
each  other;  to  run  steamers  from  the  Needles  to 
Yuma  and  the  Gulf;  to  pump  water  for  irrigating  all 
the  valleys  along  the  Colorado,  and  also  into  the  ca- 
nals that  will  be  built  to  irrigate  the  great  valley  of 
Colorado  below  but  adjacent  to  Yuma;  to  supply 
power  to  every  manufacturing  industry,  to  every 
farmer,  fruit  grower  and  mechanic  who  may  want  it 
and  who  shall  settle  aloug  any  of  the  lines  of  the 
plant  within  160  miles  of  the  main  station.  Will  it 
be  done  V  Yes,  sir;  and  within  the  next  five  years, 
mark  my  words.  Do  you  know,  within  the  area 
named  there  are  at  1  ast  1000  good  mines  that  will 
furnish  ore  for  nearly  10,000  stamps  or  their  equiva- 
lent in  crushers,  smelters  and  other  reducing  appli- 
ances; and  that  from  40,000  to  50,000  horse  power 
can  be  developed  at  Picacho  and  Barrier  Rocks. 
There  is  no  other  such  a  place  on  the  Colorado,  at 
least  below  the  Needles.  While  at  Picacho  I  found 
that  it  cost  the  great  English  pumping  plant  $132 
per  day  for  wood  alone,  not  counting  the  handling  of 
it.  The  electric  company  will  furnish  the  same 
power  for  $16  per  day.  No  wonder  the  pumps  are 
idle  at  the  present  time.  "Yes,"  said  he,  "  you  will 
see  all  this  done,  and  the  greatest  mineral  belts  in 
the  world  put  to  production."  I  woudered.  I 
started  as  soon  as  I  could.  I  have  spent  weeks  in 
the  careful  examination  of  that  grand  mineral  sec- 
tion. All  he  told  me  is  true.  Castle  Dome  takes 
the  lead  for  lead  and  silver;  Silver  district  for  silver, 
but  Picacho  and  Ehrenberg  for  their  free-milling 
gold  ores — the  former  for  its  immense  veins  20  to  100 
feet  wide  and  the  latter  for  its  cement  belt,  which 
pays  from  $6  to  $10  to  the  mill  and  can  now  be  mined 
and  milled  for  $1.10  per  ton  in  a  thirty-stamp  mill, 
but  will  be  done  for  forty-eight  cents  per  ton  when 
the  electric  plant  gets  to  work.  This,  of  course,  is 
in  large  mills.  Barrier  Rocks  is  a  wonderful  place. 
It  could  hardly  be  better  adapted  for  its  work  if 
built  expressly  for  the  great  electric  plant  which  will 
soon  crown  its  summit,      The  opening  up  of  these 


vast  regions  is  only  a  question  of  time.  Moneyed  and 
mining  men,  experts  and  mining  engineers  from 
Montana,  Idaho,  Colorado  and  the  Dakotas  are 
quietly  coming  into  these  sections,  carefully  examin- 
ing the  mines  and  minerals,  getting  the  price  of 
properties  and  reporting  to  their  principals,  and  in 
all  I  have  met  I  have  found  but  one  man,  a  Montana 
bloater  who  did  all  of  his  prospecting  in  a  boat  with 
a  well-filled  demijohn,  claiming  that  he  was  sent 
here  by  all  the  millionaires  in  Montana,  and  he  con- 
demned everything,  yet  tried  to  get  a  bond  on  one  of 
the  best  mines  on  the  river.  Before  I  go  I  may  re- 
port again.  You  can  rely  upon  this  section  on  the 
Colorado  coming  out  all  right  in  a  little  time. 
Ehrenberg.  Ariz..  Jan.  8,  1896.  Engineer. 


As  to  Mr.  Silberstein's  Theories. 


To  the  Editor: — Your  editorial  "Not  Proven"  in 
to-day's  paper  is  very  well  headed.  You  make  Mr. 
Silberstein  father  every  man's  theory  as  well  as  his 
own,  and,  as  stated  therein,  he  is  this,  that,  or  the 
other.  You  will  please  allow  me  to  correct  your 
premise  from  which  you  drew  your  conclusions.  In 
the  center  of  the  article  referred  to,  you  quote  Mr. 
Silberstein  as  follows,  which  is  correct:  "Motion  is 
actually  inherent  in  the  planets  themselves,  as  in 
every  substance  or  body  existing  in  the  universe." 
What  follows  is  not  his  belief  at  all,  but  Newton's, 
and  similar  beliefs.  Mr.  Silberstein,  in  the  article 
you  criticise,  was  stated  to  have  said  there  are  only 
two  possible  causes  that  would  explain  the  constant 
motion  of  the  planets  and  wherein  lies  the  propelling 
force:  First,  as  stated  above — which  is  Silberstein's; 
and,  second — which  is  Newton's  and  his  followers, 
and  which,  in  your  editorial,  you  impute  to  Silber- 
stein, viz:  That  motion  was  originally  produced  and 
is  still  being  produced  by  a  force  outside  of  the  plan- 
ets; that  a  body  has  not  a  natural  motion  in  it,  and 
when  it  moves,  the  motion  must  have  been  produced 
by  a  force  outside  of  it. 

You  will  notice,  that  this  puts  quite  a  different 
phase  to  the  question,  and  is  clean  cut.  In  either 
case,  the  motion  of  the  planets,  as  established  by 
Kepler,  cannot  be  explained  by  Newton's  principles. 

Mr.  Silberstein  believes  the  original  atom  had  a 
double  force,  originated  by  radiation  from  the  center 
of  its  sphere,  necessitating  its  elliptical  path;  and 
when  joined  in  combination  with  other  atoms  in  their 
afterwards  concrete  form,  its  motion  and  velocity 
increased  according  to  its  mass  centrality  of  motion 
generating  and  accelerating  during  its  planetary 
potentiality.  Consequently,  it  is  as  impossible  to 
believe  a  planet  was  sent  into  existence  "full 
fledged"  as  it  is  to  believe  man  was  suddenly  thrown 
into  existence  full  flodged,  with  all  his  faculties 
matured,  mentally  and  physically.  If  Kepler,  by 
mathematical  calculation,  correctly  inferred  what 
the  motion  of  the  planets  must  be,  may  not  the 
philosophies  of  the  Law  of  Evolution  to-day  infer 
from  its  application  on  known  things  on  the  earth 
what  might  necessarily  be  the  planetary  condition  of 
the  earth  in  its  formative  stages  ? 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  19,  '95.         E.  W.  Keelee. 

[The  above,  is  gladly  given  space,  for  the  theme 
touches  upon  most  interesting  topics  of  discussion. 
The  Press  must  be  pardoned  for  having  honest 
doubts  regarding  the  solidity  of  the  scientific  strata 
on  which  Mr.  S's  theory  rests.  It  is  not  a  matter  of 
creed  nor  dogma,  and  skepticism  is  allowable  to  us. 
It  seems  advisable  to  suggest  (and  the  suggestion  is 
made  with  the  humility  that  accompanies  imperfect 
knowledge)  that,  in  discussion  of  this  particular  mat- 
ter, it  is  desirable  to  keep  in  view  the  line  between 
pure  metaphysics  and  pure  science. — Ed.] 


Granite  as  a  Fertilizer. 


To  the  Editor: — In  an  editorial  in  to-day's  issue, 
you  notice  Mr.  Hensel's  "  stone  meal"  as  a  soil  fer- 
tilizer, and  it  recalled  an  incident  I  read  about  as  a 
result  of  a  similar  discussion,  which  was  whether 
pure  granulated  granite  would  sustain  vegetation. 
This  person  took  a  flat  rock,  protecting  its  edges, 
and  covered  it  with  granulated  rock  twelve  inches 
deep  in  which  he  planted  his  seed,  which  matured  of 
its  kind  in  appearance  as  of  ordinary  growth,  par- 
ticular pains  having  been  given  to  keeping  it  well 
watered  during  growth.  And  in  this  connection  I 
would  speak  of  an  incident  mentioned  by  Prof. 
Mapes  some  years  ago  in  New  York  which  came 
under  his  own  observation,  viz.,  that  in  a  deposit  of 
magnesia,  when  pulverized,  it  was  found  to  act  as  a 
cathartic  of  a  drastic  character.  It  was  afterwards 
submitted  to  a  trituration  of  100  times  and  became 
one  of  the  mildest  of  laxatives.  Whether  the  dis- 
integration of  rock  by  heat,  frost,  ice  and  rain  has 
more  or  less  virtue  than  when  reduced  by  artificial 
means  may  not  be  easy  to  decide.  A  proper  mixing 
might  do  whenever  experiment  determines  its  value. 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  J9.  '95.  E.  W.  Keener, 


The  Future  of  Gold. 


In  the  United  States  the  production  of  gold  has 
been  very  uniform  since  1887,  never  varying  much 
from  1,596,375  ounces,  or  $33,000,000,  until  1893, 
when  it  amounted  to  1,739,323  ounces,  or  nearly 
$36,000,000.  It  is  noteworthy  also  that  the  gold  out- 
put of  this  country  in  1893  was  the  largest  since 
1880,  and  came  within  1677  ounces,  or  about  $45,000, 
of  equaling  the  yield  of  that  year.  The  net  increase 
of  the  gold  output  of  the  United  States  in  1893  over 
that  of  1892  was  $2,940,000.  The  increase  was  most 
noteworthy  in  Colorado  ($2,227,000)  and  Montana 
($684,613).  On  the  other  hand,  the  product  of  Ne- 
vada decreased  $613,000,  out  of  a  total  decrease  in 
six  States  of  $928,785.  It  is  too  early  yet  to  state 
positively  what  the  gold  product  in  the  United  States 
was  in  1894,  but  this  much  is  certain,  that  it  will 
largely  exceed  that  of  1893  and  probably  reach  $43,- 
000,000,  an  increase  of  $7,000,000  over  that  of  the 
latter  year. 

The  tendency  of  all  the  gold-producing  States  is  to 
add  to  their  annual  product.  The  repeal  of  the  pur- 
chasing clause  of  the  act  of  July  14,  1890,  has  stimu- 
lated the  search  for  gold,  and  a  good  share  of  the 
increased  gold  output  in  1894  will  be  traceable  to  it. 
There  are  no  indications  whatever  of  a  falling  off  in 
the  future  of  the  productiveness  of  the  gold  mines  of 
this  country,  although,  considering  the  rapid  growth 
of  the  South  African  production  of  gold,  it  is  difficult 
to  predict  how  long  the  United  States  will  maintain 
its  supremacy  as  a  gold  producer.  New  mines  will, 
of  course,  be  discovered  here,  but  the  discovery  of 
such  mines  is  still  more  likely  in  Africa.  Much  will 
depend  on  their  relative  richness.  So  far  as  can  now 
be  seen,  says  Director  of  the  Mint  Preston,  the 
greatest  hope  of  a  largely  increased  gold  product  of 
ihe  United  States  in  the  future  lies  in  the  removal 
of  all  restrictions  on  hydraulic  mining  in  California. 
That  has  already  been  done  to  some  extent  by  the 
so-called  Caminetti  Act,  passed  March  3,  1893.  If 
means  could  be  found  to  remove  all  restrictions  on 
this  class  of  mining — aud  that  may  be  a  possible 
achievement — it  has  been  estimated  that  the  de- 
posits in  that  State  would  add  something  like  $500,- 
000,000  to  the  gold  stock  of  the  world. 

In  Australasia  the  production  of  gold  in  1893  was 
53,698  kilograms,  representing  $35,688,620.  against 
51,398  kilograms,  representing  $34,158,966,'  in  1892, 
an  increase  in  the  former  year  of  2300  kilograms. 
In  like  manner  1892  showed  an  increase  of  4152  kilo- 
grams over  1891.  Indeed,  ever  since  1886  it  may  be 
said  that  the  gold  output  of  the  Australasian  colonies 
has  been  continuous.  The  falling  off  of  the  yield  in 
1890  and  1891  from  that  of  1889  can  scarcely  be  said 
to  have  broken  the  continuity  referred  to,  for  both 
1892  and  1893  show  a  marked  increase  over  1889. 
The  product  from  alluvial  deposits  is  continually  de- 
creasing in  Australia,  and  that  from  quartz  mining 
increasing.  The  alluvial  deposits  yield  only  about 
one-third  of  the  total  product  of  Victoria  and  not 
five  per  cent  of  that  of  Queensland.  On  the  other 
hand,  "the  deep  leads,"  which  are  only  deep  alluvial 
beds,  but  which  must  be  worked  like  veins,  are  far 
from  being  exhausted.  Thus  far  they  have  been  op- 
erated only  to  a  very  limited  extent.  Moreover,  a 
large  number  of  quartz  mines  have  heretofore  been 
abandoned  as  soon  as  the  pyrites  was  reached. 
There  is  no  reason  why  work  on  such  mines  should 
not  be  resumed,  with  the  aid  of  the  newly  discovered, 
processes  which  have  proved  so  successful  in  South 
Africa,  aud  with  equally  successful  results.  Every- 
thing considered,  it  is  to  be  expected  that  the  pro- 
duction of  Australasia  will  continue  to  increase  at 
about  the  present  rate  at  least  for  an  indefinite 
period. 

Russia  next  claims  our  attention.  Here,  too, 
where  the  gold  yield  is  almost  exclusively  from  allu- 
vial deposits,  the  production  of  that  metal  has  been 
continuously  increasing  since  1886,  as  witness  the 
following  figures:  1886,  30,872  kilograms;  1887,  30,- 
232  kilograms;  1888,  32,052  kilograms;  1889,  35,970 
kilograms;  1890,  35.296  kilograms;  1891,  35,356  kilo- 
grams; 1892,  37,325  kilograms;  1893,  39,804  kilo- 
grams. The  continuity  of  this  progression  is  broken 
only  in  a  single  year.  It  is  impossible,  however,  to 
venture  any  prediction  as  to  Russia's  output  of  gold 
in  the  future.  The  circumstances  on  which  it  de- 
pends are  too  many — legislation,  the  price  of  bread, 
the  seasons,  and  the  course  of  the  paper  rouble. 
Reasoning  from  analogy,  however,  one  would  be  in- 
clined to  believe  that  the  production  of  gold  in  the 
great  empire  of  eastern  Europe  would  continue  to 
increase  for  years  to  come.  Again,  there  is  India. 
Outside  of  the  great  producing  countries — the  United 
States,  Australasia,  Russia  and  South  Africa  —the 
increase  in  the  production  of  gold  has  nowhere  been 
more  rapid:  1886,  20,383  fine  ounces;  1887,  15,464; 
1888,  32,729;  1889,  72,691;  1890,  96.739;  1891,  120,691; 
1892,  160,525;  1893,  184,477.  The  remaining  coun- 
tries to  which  I  shall  direct  the  atteutiou  of  the; 
reader  are  the  three  Guianas.  Their  gold  yield  was 
as  follows:  1887,  1802  kilograms;  1888,  937;  1889, 
2348;  1890,  3186;   1891,  5026;  1892,  6185;  1893,  6439. 

The  production  of  the  world  in  1886  was  159,494 
kilograms;  in   1893  it   was  243.006   kilograms:  but, 


.Janusrv  2«,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


55 


as  was  the  world's  gold  output  of  that   year — 
•r  than  that  of  any  other   year   in    the  world's 
history — I  believe    that    that  of  1894,  and  of  a  series 
..i  years  t"  come,  will  be  successively  and   progress- 
ively greater,  ami  that  what  was  said  by  the  writer 
,.f  tin   world's  L'old  product  in  1893  in  the  Report  on 
Production  of  Gold  and  Silver  in  that  year,  will, 
with    the  change  of  a   few  figures,  be   true  of    that 
serii  <      Be    there  uses  these  words:     "The  world's 
ii  t  of  gold  in   1893  was  the   largest    in   history. 
amounting,  as  it  did.  to  234,006   kilograms,  of  the 
value  in  round  numbers  of  $155,522,000 


The    Manufacture  of  Aluminum. 


Meadow   Lake  Again. 


It  is  reported  that  "  there  will  be  a  great  rush  to 
the  Meadow  Lake  district  when  the  snow  shall  have 
disappeared."  Tis  nearly  thirty  years  since  that 
famous  district  first  attracted  public  attention. 

In  1865  the  excitement  began.  Lots  were  sold  by 
the  California  Company  "  to  actual  settlers  "  for  $25. 
In  the  early  part  of  November,  1865,  the  majority 
..[  the  new  home  seekers,  afraid  to  spend  the  winter 
in  the  Sierras,  left  for  mo'-e  congenial  climes.  By 
ili.'  first  of  December  the  country  was  covered  with 
snow  to  a  depth  of  five  feet.  The  months  of  March, 
April  and  May,  1866,  wereof  unprecedented  severity 
at  Meadow  Lake.  All  traces  of  trails  and  highways 
obliti  rated  by  the  heavy  snowfalls.  As  an  evi- 
dence of  the  characterof  thestorm,  it  may  be  stated 
iliat  from  the  20th  of  May  to  the  1st  of  June  there 
was  a  con>tant  snow. 

B\  the  end  of  June,  1866,  there  were  4000  people  in 
the  newly  established  town.  Everything  was  excite- 
ment and  activity  The  sole  topic  of  conversation 
was  ledges,  stocks  and  town  lots.  For  a  lot  60x80 
feet  on  any  of  the  principal  streets  from  $1500  to 
(2500  was  asked,  and  in  many  cases  paid.  Small 
tenements  retted  for  $200  per  month,  and  rents 
everywhere  were  proportionately  high.  Lumber 
cost  from  $50  to  $75  per  thousand  feet.  A  stock 
board,  composed  of  thirty  members,  was  organized. 
This  may  be  regarded  as  a  unique  transaction,  con- 
sidering that  there  was  not  a  single  mine  in  opera- 
tion at  that  time. 

During  the  year  four  good  roads  were  opened  from 
the  town— one  leading  to  Bowman's  station,  another 
to  Jackson's,  a  few  miles  distant;  a  third  to  intersect 
the  main  Henness  road  at  a  point  near  Truckee 
Lake;  a  fourth  connected  with  Cisco,  on  the  Central 
Pacific  railroad,  bringing  the  residents  within  a  day's 
ride  to  San  Francisco.  Eight  mills  were  erected  for 
the  reduction  of  ores,  with  an  aggregate  capacity  of 
seventy  stamps.  The  construction  of  these  mills 
incurred  an  expenditure  of  8200,000.  Two  furnaces 
for  the  roasting  of  ores  were  built,  andPlatner's 
chlorine  process  was  used  at  one  of  them.  In  1869 
Burn's  process  created  some  excitement  and  was  the 
means  of  spending  a  large  sum  of  money,  but  all  to 
no  purpose.  In  1873  O.  Maltman  placed  some  ma- 
chinery into  the  TJ.  S.  Grant  mill  for  working  the 
sulphurets,  but  the  plan  was  abandoned. 

The  winter  of  1866-7  was  a  most  severe  one,  the 
snow  falling  to  a  depth  of  twenty-five  feet.  But  a 
large  number  of  the  residents  enjoyed  the  pleasure 
of  being  thus  domiciled,  whiling  the  weary  hours  by 
bringing  into  requisition  indoor  pastimes  of  every  de- 
scription. Others  endured  the  hardships  and  priva- 
tions in  the  fond  hope  of  regaining  some  of  the 
capital  they  had  invested.  In  this  they  were  doomed 
to  disappointment  and  despair. 

In  1866  the  Meadow  Lake  Sun  was  established  by 
W.  B.  Lyon,  H.  G.  Rollins  and  Judge  Tilford.  Dur- 
ing its  existence,  which  lasted  only  a  few  months,  it 
earnestly  and  consistently  advocated  the  superior 
claims  of  the  town  as  a  "  rich  metalliferous  district." 
By  1870  Meadow  Lake  was  almost  deserted,  all 
that  was  left  being  empty  structures.  On  the  27th 
of  September,  1873,  a  fire  originated  in  the  Excelsior 
hotel,  which  soon  laid  the  whole  town  in  ruins.  Only 
two  houses  were  left  to  indicate  the  spot  where  once 
excitement  reigned  and  $2,000,000  were  absorbed  in 
laying  out  this  summit  city.  In  the  zenith  of  its 
prosperity  there  were  twenty  saloons  and  three 
hotels. 

It  is  estimated  that  during  the  summer  of  1865 
1200  locations  were  made  in  the  district,  containing 
in  the  aggregate  moi-e  than  1,200,000  feet  of  ledge 
rock.  In  the  excitement  which  prevailed  locations 
were  made  all  over  the  country.  Bowlders,  masses 
of  granite,  rocks  of  every  description  assumed  to  the 
distempered  fancy  of  the  prospectors  the  shape  and 
outlines  of  a  quartz  ledge,  and  were  duly  entered 
upon  the  Recorder's  books.  The  ledges,  lying  even 
with  the  masses  of  granite  around  them  and  capped 
with  a  species  of  mineral  which  is  not  pure  quartz  or 
country  rock,  are  traceable  by  broad  stains  of  a 
dark,  reddish  hue.  Under  the  circumstances  it  is 
not  at  all  surprising  that  parties  whose  attention  and 
efforts  were  directed  to  other  purposes  than  search 
for  gold  should  have  failed  to  discover  the  existence 
of  treasures  so  strongly  concealed  by  nature.  During 
its  short  career  some  thirty  mines  were  developed 
to  a  depth  ranging  from  30  to  240  feet.  It  is; to  be 
hoped  '95  will  prove  more  satisfactory  to  the  treas- 
ure seekers  at  Meadow  Lake. 


The  suit  between  the  Pittsburg  Reduction  Com 
pany,  owners  of  the  Hall  patent,  and  the  Cowles  j 
Electric  Smelting  and  Aluminum  Company,  was  re- 
cently decided  by  Judge  Taft,  United  States  Circuit 
Court,  Ohio,  in  favor  of  the  Pittsburg  company.  The 
judge  in  his  decision  gives  the  following  regarding 
the  Hall  electric  process  for  making  aluminum  : 

Electrolysis  is  a  process  for  separating  a  chemical 
compound  into  its  elements  by  passing  through  it  an 
electric  current.  The  current  is  effective  for  this 
purpose  only  when  the  compound  is  reduced  to  a 
liquid  state,  either  by  solution  or  fusion.  The  com- 
pound, which  is  decomposed  by  the  current,  is  called 
the  "  electrolyte." 

Aluminum  is  a  metal  which  was  first  isolated  by 
Wohler  in  1827.  There  is  great  difficulty  in  obtain- 
ing the  pure  metal  from  its  compounds,  because  of 
the  tenacity  with  which  it  unites  with  other  sub- 
stances. The  compounds  of  aluminum  are  very 
abundant  in  nature.  The  most  common,  perhaps,  is 
the  oxide  of  aluminum,  called  ''alumina,"  one  mole- 
cule of  which  is  composed  of  three  atoms  of  oxygen 
and  two  atoms  of  aluminum.  Alumina  is  insoluble  in 
water  and  practically  infusible. 

Fluorine  unites  with  the  metals  to  form  fluorides. 
The  fluoride  of  sodium  and  the  fluoride  of  aluminum, 
united,  form  what  is  known  as  the  "  double  "  fluoride 
of  aluminum  and  sodium.  There  are  several  minerals 
found  in  nature  which  are  double  fluorides  of  alumi- 
num and  sodium,  of  which  cryolite  is  much  more  com- 
mon than  the  others,  and  is  found  in  large  quantities 
in  Greenland.  Its  uses  are  so  extensive  that  it  has 
become  a  well-known  article  of  commerce. 

More  than  fifty  metals  are  known  to  chemists. 
When  one  of  these  is  united  with  non-metallic  sub- 
stances, and  the  compound  is  reduced  to  a  liquid 
state  by  solution  or  fusion,  and  subjected  to  an  elec- 
tric current  which  decomposes  it,  the  non-metallic 
element  of  the  compound  will  be  drawn  by  the  cur- 
rent to  that  point  in  the  bath  where  the  current  en- 
ters it  from  the  positive  pole,  called  the  "anode," 
and  the  metal  will  move  in  the  direction  of  the  point 
where  the  current  leaves  the  bath  for  the  negative 
pole,  called  the  "cathode."  Metals  differ,  however, 
in  the  ease  with  which  the  current  can  draw  them  to 
the  cathode,  and  when  one  is  more  sluggish  than  the 
other  in  yielding  to  this  influence,  the  one  is  said  to 
be  more  electropositive  than  another.  Scientists 
have  arranged  all  known  metals  accordingly. 

The  only  metals  more  electropositive  than  alumi- 
num are  magnesium,  calcium,  strontium,  barium, 
lithium,  sodium,  potassium,  rubidium  and  caesium. 
All  other  metals  yield  more  readily  to  the  current. 
When  several  compounds  iu  solution  or  fusion  are 
electrolyzed,  the  current  will  attack  and  decompose 
that  compound  whose  parts  are  least  firmly  united, 
or,  as  the  phrase  is,  which  is  least  stable.  As  might 
be  supposed  from  the  foregoing,  the  more  electro- 
positive a  metal  is,  the  more  stable  its  compounds 
are  likely  to  be.  Alumina"  is  so  common  in  nature 
that  every  one,  in  a  desire  to  get  pure  aluminum, 
would  naturally  turn  to  that  as  one  of  the  simplest 
of  its  compounds;  but  the  fact  that  the  oxygen  has 
proved  to  be  so  firmly  united  to  the  aluminum  as  to 
resist  the  action  of  the  highest  heat,  has  been  very 
discouraging  to  chemists.  Hall,  the  original  paten- 
tee of  the  patent  in  suit,  was  a  resident  of  Oberlin, 
Ohio,  and  a  graduate  of  the  college  of  that  place.  He 
had  a  strong  taste  for  chemistry,  and  after  leaving 
college,  in  1835,  gave  his  attention,  among  other 
things,  to  the  aluminum  problem,  which  had  baffled 
so  many  before  him.  He  conceived  the  idea  of  ob- 
taining aluminum  from  alumina  by  electrolysis,  and 
concluded  that,  if  he  could  find  a  bath  made  up  of 
compounds  more  electrically  stable  than  alumina, 
which  would  freely  dissolve  alumina,  the  application 
of  the  current  to  the  mixture  would  precipitate  the 
aluminum  upon  the  cathode,  and  would  free  the  oxy- 
gen at  the  anode."  He  discovered  that  the  fluoride 
of  aluminum,  when  united  with  the  fluoride  of  any 
metal  more  electropositive  than  aluminum  to  form  a 
double,  fluoride,  would,  when  heated  to  fusion,  dis- 
solve alumina  as  freely  as  sugar  will  dissolve  in  wa- 
ter, and  that  an  electric  current  passed  through  the 
fused  mixture  would  deposit  pure  aluminum  at  the 
poles.  Hall  took  out  one  patent  for  the  process,  in 
which  he  used  a  double  fluoride  of  sodium  and  alumi- 
num, and  in  this  patent  he  also  claimed  the  general 
process  broadly,  as  we  have  stated  it  above.  This  is 
the  patent  in  suit.  He  also  took  out  other  patents, 
as  permitted  by  the  practice  of  the  Patent  Office, 
covering  the  process  when  the  fluorides  or  other 
metals  more  electropositive  than  aluminum  are  used. 

The  two  claims  of  the  patent  in  suit  which  are  here 
involved  are: 

1.  As  an  improvement  iu  the  art  of  manufacturing 
aluminum,  the  herein-described  process,  which  con- 
sists in  dissolving  alumina  in  a  fused  bath  composed 
of  the  fluorides  of  aluminum,  and  a  metal  more  elec- 
tropositive than  aluminum,  and  then  passing  an  elec- 
tric current  through  the  fused  mass,  substantially  as 
set  forth. 

2.  As  an  improvement  in  the  art  of  manufacturing 
aluminum,  the  herein-described  process,  which  con- 
sists in  dissolving  alumina  in  a  fused  bath  composed 
of  the  fluorides  of  aluminum  and  sodium,   and  then 


passing  an  electric  current,  by  means  of  a  carbon- 
aceous anode,  through  the  fused  mass,  substantially 
as  set  forth. 

The  rianagement  Criticised. 


To  the  Editor: — I've  had  the  pleasure  of  reading 
an  article  in  your  paper  in  the  defense  of  miners.  It 
is  the  nicest  article  I  ever  read  and  to  the  point.  I 
wish  you  would  also  write  up  something  of  the  same 
kind  in  defense  of  the  mechanical  engineers:  those 
who  served  their  time  legitimately,  before  going  out 
to  run  engines,  and  have  to  compete  with  those 
stoppers  and  starters,  sage-brush  engineers,  who 
know  just  enough  to  stop  and  start  an  engine 
and  carry  steam,  and  in  a  very  knowing  way  talk 
engine  to  the  expert  superintendent,  who,  as  a  rule, 
knows  less  about  an  engine  than  they  do,  except  in  a 
saloon  or  card-room.  Here  and  New  Mexico  are  the 
worst  places  I  was  ever  in  for  that.  For  instance,  a 
superintendent  will  come  into  town,  and  be  wants  to 
hire  an  engineer  (he  means  engine  runner  or  fireman 
runner).  He  finds  one,  and  says:  "Do  you  want  a 
job  running  engine?"  "Where?"  "Seventy-five 
miles  from  here."  "What  do  you  pay?"  "Four 
dollars  (sometimes  $3.50).  You  can  come  out  on  the 
stage."  "  All  right,  I'll  be  out  there."  Now  comes 
expense:  $12  stage  fare,  $30  for  bedding,  etc.  When 
you  get  out  there,  you  find  the  accommodations  are 
not  tit  for  Chinamen  or  Hungarians.  In  bunk-house 
or  boarding-house  there  is  no  distinction  between  en- 
gineers and  common  laborers.  Mexicans,  Indians. 
Hungarians  and  white  men  all  jostle  against  each 
other,  and  their  behavior  is  like  so  many  hogs  in  the 
dining-room  or  sleeping  place.  After  you're  there 
two  or  three  days  there's  no  wood  wheeled  up  for 
you.  You  inquire  the  cause:  the  superintendent  is 
going  to  town,  the  wood  wheeler  is  going  to  hitch 
up  his  team,  so  there's  nothing  else  to  do  but 
to  wheel  wood  or  stop  the  mill.  The  en- 
gineer takes  the  situation  in  at  a  glance,  doesn't 
want  to  make  a  kick  till  he  has  at  least  made  ex- 
penses, and,  like  the  burro,  grins  and  stands  the 
abuse.  The  next  day  the  wood  wheeler  isn't  there. 
Cause:  the  car  runner  is  sick  and  he  must  take  his 
place.  The  old  man  (the  boss)  says  you  must 
wheel  your  own  wood.  So  they  have  virtually 
rung  in  another's  work  on  the  engineer.  In  a  few 
days  Mr.  Superintendent  wants  to  know  how  much 
wood  you  are  burning.  You  measure  it  up,  and  find 
you  are  using  just  three  cords,  $18.  "Ah,  that'squite 
a  lot  of  wood,  isn't  it,  for  the  work  we  have  to  do  (ten 
stamps,  four  concentrators,  one  rock  breaker).  I 
wish  you  would  overhaul  that  engine  and  see  if  you 
can't  improve  on  that."  (Nothing  said  about  im- 
provements or  saving  when  hired  in  town.)  I  go 
to  work  and  make  a  change  on  the  engine  and  save 
a  cord  of  wood,  $6.  Do  I  get  anything  for  it,  or  for 
knowing  more  than  a  fireman  runner  ?  No,  not  even 
thanks.  Now,  sir,  why  shouldn't  a  mechanic  be 
paid  for  his  brains  as  well  as  a  doctor  or  a  lawyer  ? 
The  only  reason  I  can  assign  is  because  the  expert 
superintendents  (who  perhaps  were  preachers  in 
Cornwall  or  Colorado)  don't  know  the  difference  be- 
tween good  men  and  indifferent  ones,  and  they  them- 
selves reap  the  benefit  of  your  knowledge  and  sav- 
ing. Does  the  company  ?  Is  it  any  use  for  a  man 
to  go  into  a  shop  to  learn  a  trade  (from  boyhood 
to  manhood)  and  find  when  he  leaves  the  shop  that 
he  has  to  compete  with  stoppers  and  starters,  who 
know  much  with  their  mouths  and  but  little  with 
their  hands  ? 

I  was  in  the  Vulcan  Iron  Works  in  Pete  Torquet 
and  Joe  Moore's  time.  I  claim  to  be  the  originator  of 
the  Young  Mechanics'  Evening  Drawing  School,  go- 
ing in  my  overalls  at  noon  to  one  of  the  Board 
of  Education,  to  see  if  he  wouldn't  meet  with  the 
Legislature  and  try  to  get  an  appropriation  for  that 
special  purpose.  At  that  time  about  a  dozen  of  us 
apprentices  used  to  meet  in  one  of  your  old  printing 
rooms,  on  Clay  street,  between  Sansome  and  Bat- 
tery, and  a  draughtsman  from  one  of  our  shops 
taught  us  five  nights  in  a  week.  We  afterwards 
moved  to  one  of  the  rooms  in  Lincoln  school,  which 
was  quite  a  distance  to  pack  a  large  drawing-board 
and  instruments,  and  the  scholars  fell  off  in  conse- 
quence. About  that  time  business  in  the  shops 
got  very  slack  and  I  steered  for  the  mountains, 
where  I've  been  almost  continuously. 

Engineer  and  Machinist. 

Lynx  Creek,  Yavapai  Co.,  Arizona. 

B.  C.  Brown,  of  Kingsley,  Or.,  suggests  that 
there  might  be  economy  in  having  inserted  teeth  in 
crosscut  saws,  as  well  as  circular  saws.  It  would 
seem  so  at  first.  But  while  a  circular  saw  (made  for 
inserted  teeth)  would  cost  from  $50  to  $100,  and  a 
new  set  of  teeth  only  $1.50  (perhaps),  the  ordinary 
crosscut  saw  (certain  dealers  and  manufacturers  say) 
costs  but  little  if  anything  more  than  the  teeth 
would.  The  scheme  would  work,  but  they  say  it 
wouldn't  pay. 

Lord  Kelvin  says  that  the  internal  heat  of  the 
earth  has  nothing  to  do  with  climates.  The  earth, 
he  thinks,  might  be  of  the  temperature  of  white- 
hot  iron  2000  feet  below  the  surface,  or  at  the  freez- 
ing point  50  feet  below  without  at  all  affecting  a 
climate. 


56 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Januaiy  26,  1895. 


The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons. 


Their  History,  Geography,  Geology,  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uses. 


NUMBER  XVIV. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Puess  and 
copyrighted  1894,  by  Henry  G.  Hanks,  F.  6.  S. 

1866. — Mr.  Charles  Stott  began  work 
on  Santa  Paula  creek,  Ojia  ranch, 
eighteen  miles  east  of  Ventura,  Ven- 
tura Co.,  at  the  base  of  Sulphur  moun- 
tain, and  erected  a  refinery  on  a  small 
scale.  He  made  several  thousand  gal- 
lons of  illuminating  oil,  and  then  gave 
up  the  enterprise  because  it  did  not 
pay.  October  22d  the  San  Francisco 
Alia  published  an  article  on  petroleum 
and  refineries,  giving  Chas.  Stott  the 
credit  of  refining  the  first  oil  in  the 
State. 

In  this  year  there  were  two  refin- 
eries established  in  San  Francisco,  one 
owned  by  Hay  ward  &  Coleman,  the 
other  by  Stanford  Bros.  Neither  of 
these  establishments  achieved  any  con- 
siderable success,  and  were  eventually 
abandoned. 

Mr.  Polhemus,  also,  had  a  refinery  at 
Los  Angeles.  A  portion  of  the  crude 
oil  which  he  refined  was  obtained  from 
the  wells  near  the  town  of  Los  Angeles, 
and  some  was  hauled  by  teams  from 
Pico  canyon. 

Mr.  Hughes  bored  for  oil  in  Pico 
canyon  and  struck  a  flowing  well  at 
140  feet,  but  the  tools  became  fast  and 
could  not  be  extricated. 

A  well  was  sunk  on  the  Potrero  in 
San  Francisco,  but  the  result  was  not 
satisfactory.  There  was  considerable 
excitement  about  oil  during  this  year. 

The  "Pioneer  Petroleum  and  Refin- 
ing Co.,"  of  San  Francisco,  was  incor- 
porated. Chas.  Stott,  David  Hunter 
and  H.  P.  Wakelee,  trustees. 

Chas.  Stott  had  a  refinery,  corner 
Chestnut  and  Taylor  streets,  San  Fran- 
cisco. 

The  Adams  well,  near  Mt.  Diablo,  in 
Contra  Costa  county,  in  a  second  shaft 
at  a  depth  of  100  feet,  encouraging  in- 
dications of  oil  were  met  with,  and  at 
125  feet  the  drillers  encountered  hard 
rock,  beneath  which  they  found  a 
stratum  of  oil  from  which  five  barrels 
were  pumped  in  two  days. 

In  Santa  Cruz  county  the  Petroleum 
Oil  Company  put  up  retorts  for  refin- 
ing their -oil,  which  produced  200  gal- 
lons three  times  a  week. 

In  Colusa  county  a  well  was  sunk, 
460  feet  in  depth.  At  50  feet  a  stratum 
of  thick  oil  (maltha)  was  met  with,  an- 
other at  112  feet  and  a  third  at  117 
feet.  The  well  filled  up  with  salt 
water,  through  which  bubbles  of  gas 
arose,  sometimes  with  violence  suf- 
ficient to  throw  water  out  of  the  well. 
This  well  was  situated  at  Oil  Center, 
six  miles  east  of  Sulphur  creek. 

In  Humboldt  county,  work  was  dis- 
continued on  Mattole  creek.  The 
"  North  Fork  "  well  was  down  230  feet; 
at  207  feet  oil  was  struck,  which  con- 
tinued. The  following  are  the  names 
of  the  most  important  wells  in  the 
county  at  that  time:  Jeffries,  Joel  Flat, 
Upper  Mattole,  and  Irwin  Davis.  The 
latter  was  down  655  feet  and  had  oil  in 
coarse  sandstone. 

The  Buena  Vista  Oil  Company  of  Tu- 
lare Co.  (now  Kern)  was  specially 
active  during  this  year;  and  while  work 
■  was  subsequently  suspended,  it  is  now 
known  that  the  deposits  have  very  con- 
siderable prospective  value,  which  in 
the  near  future  is  likely  to  be  realized. 
The  oil  claims  comprised  some  1200  or 
1600  acres  on  the  west  side  of  Tulare 
valley.  The  exact  locality  was  sec- 
tions 19,  20  and  29,  township  30  south 
and  range  22  east  and  sections  12  and 
13,  range  21  east,  San  Bernardino  base 
and  meridian.  The  company  set  a 
still  with  a  daily  capacity  of  300  gallons 
near  a  large  spring  of  good  water, 
three  miles  from  the  oil  springs.  The 
company  attempted  to  sink  a  well  for 
water  in  a  more  convenient  location, 
but  did  not  succeed  in  finding  it.  For 
thirty  feet  or  more  the  formation  was 
alternate  layers  of  shale,  sand  and  as- 
phaltum;  below  thirty  feet  a  three-foot 
stratum  of  asphaltum  was  met  with, 
very  difficult  to  penetrate,  but  no 
water.  Two  adobe  buildings  were 
erected — one  for  the  workmen  and  one 
at  the  refinery. 

In  1865  Mr.  Stephen   Bond  and  Mr. 


E.  Benoist  commenced  a  well  on  the 
flat  below  the  tar  springs  on  the  com- 
pany's claim.  At  a  depth  of  eighteen 
feet,  in  raising  the  auger,  the  work- 
men turned  it  the  wrong  way  and  un- 
screwed the  bit,  which  accident  put  an 
end  to  the  work.  The  company's  re- 
fining works  were  under  the  manage- 
ment of  Mr.  W.  O.  Sleeper,  from  whom 
I  obtained  information  as  to  mode  of 
operations.  The  crude  oil  was  taken 
from  pits  or  shafts  sunk  from  sixteen 
to  eighteen  feet  deep.  There  were  also 
several  natural  shallow  basins  or  ponds, 
which,  when  emptied,  soon  filled  again 
with  maltha  and  water.  At  the  bottom 
of  the  artificial  pits  a  quicksand  of  oil, 
water  and  sand  was  met  with,  which 
could  not  be  overcome  by  curbing  or 
otherwise  controlled.  An  open  cut 
was  then  made  into  the  hill,  but  a  solid 
ledge  or  bed  of  sandstone  and  thick 
beds  of  asphaltum  were  met  with. 
This  cut  was  from  seven  to  eight  feet 
deep  and  four  feet  wide,  from  which 
some  maltha  was  obtained  and  distilled. 
At  one  time  it  was  thought  that  from 
the  shafts  and  open  cut  five  to  eight 
barrels  per  day  could  be  collected.  Oil 
from  the  surface  had  a  density  of  10°  to 
12°  Beaume;  at  the  depth  of  ten  feet, 
12°  to  14°;  and  at  thirty  feet  the  oil 
was  as  light  as  21°.  Three  hundred 
gallons  of  crude  maltha  were  pumped 
from  the  oil  wells  each  day,  which  was 
renewed  the  next.  One  hundred 
gallons  of  this  material  yielded  by  ac- 
tual working:  Burning  oil,  35  gals.; 
lubricating  oil,  45  gals. ;  residue  (mostly 
coke),  20  gals.  Three  or  four  thousand 
gallons  of  refined  oil  were  produced  in 
the  distillations.  The  following  results 
were  obtained :  First  run,  5%  to  7%, 
from  47°  to  43°;  second  run,  40%,  from 
40°  to  30°;  third  run,  35%  to  40%,  with 
a  density  of  30°  to  16°.  The  residue  in 
the  still  was  soft  asphaltum,  which, 
while  hot,  could  be  drawn  off  without 
difficulty.  Many  obstacles  were  met 
with  by  the  company  which  caused  the 
work  to  be  abandoned.  Freights  were 
high,  being  $60  to  $70  per  ton  to  San 
Luis  Obispo  and  from  $15  to  $20  more 
to  San  Francisco.  The  nearest  fuel  or 
lumber  was  the  forests  on  mountains 
thirty  miles  south.  In  October  a  news- 
paper stated  that  the  Buena  Vista  Co. 
had  produced  300  gallons  of  heavy  lu- 
bricating oil  from  black  oil.  The  fol- 
lowing are  extracts  from  the  report  of 
E.  Benoist  to  the  company: 

After  spending  some  time  in  viewing  the 
location  selected  by  you,  I  erected  the  ma- 
chinery for  the  purpose  of  boring.  Within 
a  few  feet  of  the  surface,  I  found  the  quality 
to  show  12°,  and  at  fifty  feet  the  gauge 
showed  20°,  which  is  really  better  than  cal- 
culated at  twice  that  depth.  The  oil  at  this 
depth  is  of  a  greenish  hue;  and  judging  from 
the  quality,  I  did  not  hesitate  to  say  that,  in 
seventy-five  or  eighty  feet,  oil  can  be  pro- 
duced to  reach  a  standard  of  25°.  From  the 
general  appearance  of  the  surface  and  the 
ground  through  which  the  boring  was  done,  I 
feel  assured  that  it  is  favorable  for  work  at  a 
great  depth;  but  from  the  easy  flow  acquired 
at  fifty  feet,  a  number  of  wells  could  be  made 
at  that  depth  to  produce  50,000  gallons  per  day 
at  a  small  expense. 

Had  the  requisite  machinery  been  at  hand, 
I  should  have  gone  to  a  greater  depth,  but 
deemed  it  advisable  not  to  do  so  at  this 
time,  as  the  quantity  of  gas  issuing  would 
make  it  difficult  to  prevent  ignition  of  the  oil, 
which  circumstance  in  your  case,  where  it  is 
so  abundant,  would  entail  serious  loss.  The 
remedy  is  simple  and  inexpensive  for  preven- 
tion in  such  cases  provided  you  have  the  ma- 
terial at  hand. 

This  oil  is  entirely  free  from  any  water, 
salt  or  other  impurity  and  is  very  limpid. 

I  have  in  transit  100  gallons  of  crude  oil 
from  which  I  shall  make  samples  of  light  and 
lubricating  oil  upon  my  return  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, for  inspection  by  any  parties  who  wish 
to  satisfy  themselves  in  regard  to  its  quality. 

I  have  also  discovered,  in  connection  with 
the  oil,  a  vast  bed  of  what  is  called  Albertine 
coal,  but  I  will  call  it  concentrated  oil.  Thou- 
sands of  tons  of  this  material  can  be  easily 
extracted  and  will  be  valuable  for  fuel  for 
steamers  and  also  for  the  manufacture  of  gas. 
(This  mineral  described  by  Mr.  Benoist  was 
undoubtedly  crude  brea,  which  is  abundant, 
as  I  know  by  personal  examination  at  the  lo- 
cality.) There  is  also  a  large  amount  of 
natural  coke,  formed  by  underground  fire, 
which  I  put  to  a  practical  test  by  using  for 
fuel  with  the  most  satisfactory  result. 

There  are  large  quantities  of  the  crude  oil 
of  a  superior  quality  of  that  from  which  I 
made  samples  for  exhibition  at  the  Mechanics' 
Institute,  and  for  which  the  first  premium  in 
September  last  was  awarded  to  the  Buena 
Vista  Petroleum  Company  for  both  light  and 
lubricating  oil. 

{ To  he  Continued. ) 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  ligbt,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect- 
or in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If  you  are  interested  in 
Rock      Drilling    Correspond 

■""    X'"AVV$r  ■;      with    us. 

Jlllf  WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MOHEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'gT  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  its  Denver  Office. 


Hendrie  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co., 

DENVER,  COLORADO. 

LATEST  IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 


IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 

General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 


Jsge 


Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  Vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come- 
Again, in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt    trans- 
versely two 
feet     apart, 
there    is    a 
space    of   one 
inch,   contain - 

/  ;' :    -4 . , ^ v  ,,,,,,,,.    in?     twenty 

"      nrtirs  1-32  of 
Us-  :.  an     inch     in 

I  ■    .     ■■-.■     ■    -,.     .--.    ■    .-s^fr        deptn.     This 

tends    to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a    belt   with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Building San  Francisco. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 


653  and  655  Mission  Street.  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON,      -  --.-,.--     Proprietor. 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


STORAGE  BATTERIES. 


NEW    RESULTS. 


Unitarian  literature  sent  free  by  the 
Channing  Auxiliary  of  the  First  Unitarian 
Church,  cor.  Geary  and  Franklin  Sts.,  San 
Francisco.  Address  as  above.  Mention  this 
paper.  * 


TTIC  TJATTPU  CTftD  APE  TJ  ATTX30V  opens  a  new  era  in  electrical  development. 
lnc  JtlUUllll  OlUXVfVllE  DAI  1  CIV  I  we  are  now  prepared  to  fill  orders  (or  complete 
plants  for  lighting  or  power.  Residence  lighting  now  an  economical  success.  Stores,  warehouses, 
mines,  mills  or  street  railways  at  reduced  prices.    Estimates  furnished.    Correspondence  solicited. 

CO., 

SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAT. 


EUREKA 

645  MISSIONISTKEET 


ELECTRIC 


January  26.   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


57 


Mechanical   Progress. 

Internal   Rusting  of  Boilers. 

In  ,i  recent  German  paper  on  this 
subject  the  causes  of  rusting  are  lirsi 
considered,  the  mosl  important  being 
the  introduction  >>f  air  with  the-  feed 
water.  By  placing  the  feed  pipe  so 
that  the  feed  water  enters  the  boiler 
neat  the  low  water  level,  and  thus 
meets  the  hottest  layers  of  water,  the 
air  is  quickly  exploded  and  passes  out 
of  the  boiler  with  the  steam,  unless 
ets  exist  in  which  it  can  accumu- 
late Suofa  pockets  are  suit  to  rust 
rapidly,    and  it    is   recommended   that 

they  should  i overed   internally  with 

a  protecting  paint  or  filled  up  with 
cement,  provided  they  are  not  sub- 
jected  to  external  beating.  It  is  also 
recommended  that    the  Feeding  should 

he  complete  before  the  withdrawal 
r.as.s  for  a  day.  in  order  that  the 
water  left  standing  in  the  boiler  over 
night  may  be  as  free  from  air  as  pos- 
sible. An  effieient  circulation  is  also 
a  means  of  preventing  rusting,  as  it 
hinders  the  formation  of  air  bubbles  on 
the  shell,  which,  if  they  remain  cling- 
ing to  it,  cause  rusting.  The  author 
is  of  the  opinion  that  faulty  construc- 
tion is  more  often  the  cause  of  internal 
rusting  than  unfavorable  conditions  of 
working,  and  summarizes  the  means  of 
preventing  rusting  as  follows: 

First,  while  the  boiler  is  working: 
(1)  removing  air  from  the  feed  water 
before  it  enters  the  boiler;  (2)  remov- 
ing air  from  the  water  while  in  the 
boiler,  and  preventing  its  accumulation 
in  pockets,  etc.;  (3)  addition  of  chem- 
icals to  the  feed  water;  (4)  protective 
coatings  applied  to  the  inside  of  the 
shell.  Second,  while  the  boiler  is  stand- 
ing idle:  (1)  removing  all  moisture 
from  the  boiler,  (a)  by  blowing  it  off 
while  hot.  ('<)  by  producing  an  air 
current  through  it,  (<•)  by  placing 
hygroscopic  bodies  inside;  (2)  direct 
protection  of  the  shells  by  painting 
with  tar,  varnish,  etc.,  by  covering 
with  protective  paints  and  such  an 
alkaline  coating  as  milk  of  lime;  (3)  pro- 
tecting the  shells  from  the  varying 
temperatures  by  keeping  the  draft  in 
the  flues  constant,  so  as  to  prevent 
moisture  alternately  depositing  and 
evaporating  on  the  shell;  (4)  protecting 
the  shell  by  completely  filling  the  boiler 
with  water  from  which  all  air  has  been 
expelled. 

Of  Value  to  Boiler    Users. 


at  a  little  distance  has  the  appearance 
of  an  asphaltum  pavement.  The  whole 
effect  is  very  pleasing,  and  vehicles 
can  cross  the  track  at  any  angle  with 
out  twisting  the  wheels.  The  road  is 
being  built  by  the  Southern  Pacific 
( lompany  for  a  trolley  line  and  it  is  un- 
derstood is  a  trial  of  a  new  patent,  the 
inventor  being  under  heavy  bonds  for 
construction  and  repairs  for  some 
period  of  time.  At  present  one  block 
has  been  built  on  Twenty-second  stn  el 
between  Valencia  and  Mission  streets. 


A  drain  tap  should  be  fixed  in  every 
branch  steam  pipe,  as  well  as  in  every 
main  steam  pipe  which  is  so  laid  as  to 
allow  water  to  accumulate  therein. 

A  water-gauge  tap  fixed  to  the  front 
of  the  boiler,  on  a  level  with  the  top  of 
the  furnace  crowns,  would  help  a  boiler 
attendant,  in  case  of  shortness  of 
water,  to  determine  whether  it  was 
safe  to  draw  the  fires  and  turn  on  the 
feed. 

A  low- water  safety  valve  would  give 
warning  in  the  event  of  shortness  of 
water  in  time  to  prevent  danger. 

The  feed  should  be  delivered  well  be- 
hind the  fire  bridge. 

A  Promising  Experiment. 


In  San  Francisco,  says  the  Engineer 
ruul  Contractor,  there  is  being  con- 
structed at  present  a  very  substantial 
appearing  street  railroad  track.  Ties 
are  laid  as  in  ordinary  work,  and  earth 
and  fine  broken  stone  rammed  in  be- 
tween until  flush  with  their  tops.  The 
rail  is  a  Z  rail,  but  inclined  inward  in 
the  manner  of  a  slot  rail.  About  every 
six  or  eight  feet  a  bar  is  bolted  to  the 
rails  to  preserve  the  gauge.  Upon  the 
top  of  the  ties  and  the  surface  formed 
by  the  rammed  earth  is  laid  five  inches 
of  concrete  brought  to  a  smooth,  true 
curve  on  top,  with  a  crown  of  about 
one  inch.  Upon  this  is  laid  one  inch  of 
sand,  and  then  the  paving  blocks  are 
put  in.  These  blocks  are  nearly  cubi- 
cal and  are  soaked  in  hot  coal  tar.  The 
blocks  on  the  inside  next  the  rail  are 
shaped  to  permit  the  flange  of  the 
wheel  ton'UBe"el,  and  all  the  blocks  are 
so  lajjj5.ess  L  there  are  no  wide  joints. 
Tb'-/HjninKandScit completed  and  viewed 


Comparative  Fuel  Value  of  Coal, 
Oil  and  Gas. 


Experiments  made  by  the  National 

Transit  Company  show  the  following 
to  be  the  comparative  fuel  value  of 
coal,  oil  and  gas  in  the  best  practice, 
with    boilers    of    proper  construction 

and  proportioned  to  the  work: 

One  pound  of  coal  will  evaporate  ten 
pounds  of  water  at  212°  atmospheric 
pressure. 

One  pound  of  oil  will  evaporate  six- 
teen pounds  of  water  at  212°  atmos- 
pheric pressure. 

One  pound  of  natural  gas  will  evap- 
orate twenty  pounds  of  water  at  212° 
atmospheric  pressure. 

One  pound  of  coal  will  equal  11.225 
cubic  feet  natural  gas. 

Two  thousand  pounds  (one  ton)  will 
equal  22,450  cubic  feet  natural  gas. 

One  pound  of  oil  will  equal  eighteen 
cubic  feet  natural  gas. 

One  barrel  (forty-two  gallons)  will 
equal  5310  cubic  feet  natural  gas. 

One  thousand  one  hundred  and 
twenty-five  cubic  feet  natural  gas  will 
evaporate  one  pound  of  water. 

One  cubic  foot  natural  gas  will  equal 
860  B.  H.  U. 

One  thousand  cubic  feet  natural  gas 
will  equal  860,000  B.  H.  U. 

One  ton  of  coal  will  equal  19,307,000 
B.  H.  U. 

One  barrel  of  oil  will  equal  4,566,600 
B.  H.  U. 

In  ordinary  practice  about  twice  as 
much  fuel  is  required  to  do  this  amount 
of  evaporation. 


Varied   Uses   of   Electricity. 


.  According  to  the  account  given  by  a 
correspondent  of  the  Engineering  Maga- 
zine, Great  Falls,  Mont.,  appears  fairly 
entitled  to  the  distinction  of  being 
called  the  Electric  City.  At  Black 
Eagle  Falls,  three  miles  above  the 
town,  an  immense  dam  has  been  thrown 
across  the  Missouri,  and  hydraulic 
works  and  power  houses  erected.  Not 
only  are  the  street  cars  propelled  and 
lighted  by  electricity  from  the  power 
houses,  but  they  are  heated  as  well  by 
electric  radiators  placed  in  each  car. 
Elevators,  printing  presses,  cranes  and 
all  kinds  of  machinery  are  operated  by 
the  ubiquitous  force.  There, are  auto- 
matic excavators,  electric  pumps  and 
electric  rock  crushers.  A  not  uncom- 
mon sight  on  the  streets  is  a  mortar 
mixer  attached  to  an  electric  wire  lead- 
ing down  from  a  pole.  The  restaurants 
cook  by  electricity,  the  butcher  em- 
ploys it  to  chop  his  sausage  and  ham- 
burger, and  the  grocer  to  grind  his 
coffee,  and  so  likewise  does  the  tailor 
to  heat  his  goose.  The  subtle  fluid  is  a 
welcome  blessing  in  every  home.  The 
housewives  run  their  sewing  machines 
and  heat  their  flatirons  by  electricity; 
they  bake  their  cakes  in  wooden  elec- 
tric cake  ovens  that  can  be  set  away 
on  a  shelf,  like  pasteboard  boxes.  They 
have  electric  boilers  and  broilers  and 
teakettles.  What  a  singular  anomaly 
when  one  pauses  to  think  of  it — that 
of  broiling  steaks  and  heating  flatirons 
through  the  instrumentality  of  a  water- 
fall !  

In  a  paper  recently  read  before  the 
American  Instituteof  MiningEngineers, 
L.  Waldo  advanced  the  opinion  that 
aluminum  forms  a  definite  chemical 
compound  with  copper.  If  a  crucible 
containing  molten  aluminum,  and 
another  containing  molten  copper  at 
little  more  than  red  heat,  have  then- 
contents  mixed,  the  reaction  is  so 
intense  that  the  metals  are  brought  to 
a  state  of  ebullition  and  the  crucible 
becomes  red  hot.  A  billet  of  aluminum 
bronze  shows  no  evidence  of  segrega- 


tion or  variation  in  composition  from 
one  end  of  it  to  another.  The  com 
pound  is  A  I  and  Cu  4.  Aluminum 
bronze  is  difficult  t..  cast,  as  the  shrink- 
age is  great  and  Mr.  Waldo's  firm  have- 
not  yet  made  castings  of  more  than 
two  tons  in  weight. 


To  Build  a  Tunnel    for  Moving  a 
Library. 

A  tunnel  is  to  be  constructed  from 
the  crypt  of  the  Capitol  under  the  east 
park  to  the  vaults  of  the  great  building 
for  the  Congressional  Library,  now  in 
course  of  construction.  The  plans  for 
the  tunnel  have  been  completed,  and 
work  upon  it  will  soon  be  begun,  that 
it  may  be  finished  in  season  to  be  used 
for  the  transportation  of  the  nearly 
1,000,000  books  and  pamphlets  which 
make  up  the  vast  hulk  of  the  library 
from  the  old  rooms  to  the  new.  It  is 
probable  that  a  temporary  railway  will 
be  laid  in  the  tunnel  that  cars  may  be 
employed  to  carry  a  large  quantity  of 
books  at  once. 

One  of  the  most  remarkable  transfers 
of  the  kind  in  the  history  of  libraries 
was  that  in  Berlin  some  years  ago. 
when  a  regiment  of  soldiers  was  put 
to  the  work,  received  their  burdens, 
and  marched  and  countermarched 
under  perfect  discipline,  accomplishing 
in  a  short  time  the  vast  labor  of  re- 
moval. 

It  is  possible  that  when  the  new 
building  is  occupied,  a  pneumatic  tube 
may  be  laid  through  the  tunnel  that 
Congressmen  may  immediately  receive 
books  which  they  desire  to  consult 
without  the  trouble  and  loss  of  time 
which  would  be  entailed  in  going  to  the 
library  in  person  or  awaiting  a  trip  by 
a  messenger.  It  is  not  expected  that 
the  work  of  removal  will  begin  before 
the  spring  of  1896. 

Ten  Miles  Above  the  Earth. 


The  greatest  height  ever  attained  by 
balloonists  who  have  returned  alive  to 
relate  the  story  of  their  experience  was 
37,000  feet — upward  of  seven  miles; 
this  by  Glaisher  and  Coxwell.  They 
left  Wolverhampton,  England,  at  2:30 
V:  m:;  September  5,  1892,  and  during 
the  afternoon  reached  the  enormous 
altitude  recorded  above.  Balloons 
have  been  sent  to  a  greater  height  than 
that  attained  by  the  Glaisher-Coxwell 
airship,  but  they  were  not  accompanied 
by  aeronauts.  In  the  experiments 
made  by  Hermite  and  Besancon  at 
Paris  they  sent  balloons  to  a  height  of 
ten  miles.  Each  balloon  was  fitted 
with  self-recording  instruments.  They 
showed  that  the  temperature  at  seven 
and  one-half  miles  was  60°  below 
Fahrenheit's  zero,  and  that  the  barom- 
eter marked  only  four  inches. 

Gold  and  Silver  of   the  World. 


According  to  the  last  report  of  the 
Director  of  the  Mint  the  estimated 
amount  of  gold  money  in  the  world  is 
$3,965,900,000,  and'  the  estimated 
amount  of  silver  money  $4,055,700,000. 
This  gold  and  silver  money  is  chiefly 
distributed  as  follows: 

Gold.  Silver. 

United  States $626,600,000  $635,300,000 

United  Kingdom 550,000,000  1 12,000.000 

Prance 825,000,000  492,200.000 

Germany 625,000,000  215,000,000 

Russia 455,000,000  48,000,000 

Austria-Hungary 130,009,000  121,000,000 

Egypt 120,000,000  15.000,000 

Australia 105,000,000  7,000,000 

Italy 96,000,000  30,000,1X10 

Japan 80,000,000  88,300.000 

India 950,000,000 

China 750,000,000 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Tech- 
nical Society  on  the  18th  inst.,  Mr.  Geo. 
W.  Dickie,  of  the  Union  Iron  Works, 
was  elected  president. 


OlANT    POWDER    FUSE    CAP    FASTENER. 


The  instrument  presented  in  the  above  cut  is  a 
new  and  errand  little  invention;  being  designed  to 
save  life  and  limb,  and  innumerable  lawaultB.  b.v 
doing  away  with  the  dangerous  operation  or  digging 
out  wet  and  unpvplod,.n  loads,  where  Giant  Powder 
is  used  In  milling.  The  inslrumnnt  Is  made  of  the 
finest  cast  steel,  and  crimps  the  cap  on  the  end  of 
the  fuse  firmly  and  absnhitrlu  nviler  liqht.  There  is 
also  a  Fuse  Cutter  attached.  Price  75c.  each. 
MOODBY  li  SBEBWOOD  Fresno,  Cal. 


Foundtd  by  Hatha)  Carry.  ;;vi 

IIKXKV     OASES     It.WKI)     £     CO., 

iNlirSTKIAt.       PCBIJSBBBS,        U.i.iKSKI.I.KUS        AM> 

IMPORT]  Bn 
SIO  Walnut  St..  Philadelphia,  p,,.,  i  .  ».  %. 

•S-Our  New  and   Revl  i    at   Praotlos] 

and  Scientnic  Books,  Hs  Pages.  Bvo  ,  and  our  other 

Catalogues  and  Circulars,  Hi 

branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  art 

free  of  postage  to  any  ODe  in  any  part  of  the  world 

who  will  furnish  his  address, 

THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED 

YNAOC    M...IK. 


'ARTHUf   fORBtST  MOCUaTJ 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -         £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  unbeatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MACARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  onVis  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Ainu  hey  ;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Fraocisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhke  Building,  Denveh,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  Hew  York. 

CYANIDE 

_OF- 

POTASSIUM, 

Ferricyanlde  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  Other  Chemicals. 


Trade  Mark. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


Pioneer  Screen  W/orksl 

JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  MetaiB.  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

*** MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY.: *** 

231  and  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specially.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  i 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  146  and  147  Beaie  St.,  S.  F. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<©> 

—Manufacturers  of— 
STEAH   ENGINES,  BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 
♦    +    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 

FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IN  <fe  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


KRussell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


TUBES  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  -ffiS-Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

611  and  613  FRONT  ST.,  Sao  Francisco,  Cal. 


68 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  26,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  iu  proximity  to  the  inineB 
mentioned. 


CALIFOKNIA. 
Butte. 

Arousd  Fob  bestows.— At  the  Gold  Bank 
mine  of  W.  W.  Stow,  the  forty- stamp  mill  and 
reduction  works  are  running  constantly,  as 
they  have  been  for  the  past  three  or  four 
years.  From  eighty  to  one  hundred  men  are 
emploved.  They  are  running  a  mammoth 
tunnel  from  below  the  present  mill  site  lo  tap 
the  ledge  far  below  the  lowest  level.  This 
tunnel,  when  completed,  will  be  1100  feet  in 
length,  and  300  feet  have  been  already  cut. 
The  drilling  of  this  tunnel  will  occupy  about 
two  years. 

It  is  confidently  expected  that  the  Shake- 
speare mill  will  resume  full  operations  in  a 
short  time. 

At  the  Denver  a  force  of  miners  have  just 
been  put  at  work  on   the  ledge,  and  the   mill 
will  soon  be  in  full  operation. 
Calaveras. 

Work  Suspended.— Echo:  Work  has  been 
suspended  in  the  Bisbee  mine  and  mill  on 
Smith's  Flat  for  the  present,  pending  the  put- 
ting in  of  a  new  pump  in  the  shaft.  The  water 
has  increased  to  such  an  extent  in  the  mine 
that  a  larger  pump  has  become  a  necessity. 
As  soon  as  the  new  pump  is  in  readiness  the 
mine  will  be  freed  from  water  and  operations 
will  be  resumed. 

Gravel  Mining. — A  cleanup  was  made  at 
the  Moyle  claim  on  Balaklava  Hill,  south  of 
Vallicito,  last  week,  and  according  to  report, 
the  yield  amounted  to  twelve  pounds  of  pure 
gold. 

A  cleanup  was  also  made  at  the  Old  Stiff 
claim,  in. the  same  locality,  which  proved 
highly  satisfactory  to  its  owners,  Sloan  & 
Rudorff. 

Nevada. 

The  Red  Dog  Mining  Co. —  Herald:  A  com- 
pany has  been  formed  to  develop  gravel  mines 
at  Red  Dog,  to  be  called  the  Red  Dog  Mining 
Company.  It  will  be  a  close  corporation  and 
the  owners  are  John  Spaulding  of  Seigler 
Springs,  Martin  Lawrence  of  Auburn,  W.  F. 
Englebright  of  Nevada  City,  and  J.  S.  Good- 
win, Frank  Goding  and  R.  E.  binder  of  You 
Bet. 

The  company  has  leased  all  of  the  South 
Yuba  Water  Company's  mining  ground  at 
Red  Dog  and  vicinity,  about  500  acres  in  all. 
They  have  a  ten-year  .lease. 

Mr.  Goding  is  superintendent,  and  has  sev- 
eral men  at  work  now.  In  the  spring  a  long 
drift  tunnel  will  be  run  from  Missouri  canyon. 
The  new  company  is  to  be  incorporated. 

This  ground  is  all  rich,  and  years  ago  it  paid 
handsomely  when  mined  by  the  hydraulic 
process.  They  have  to  drift  and  ground- 
sluice  now,  which  is  slow  work,  but  the  gravel 
is  rich  and  the  new  company  ought  to  make 
something. 

Shasta . 

Democrat:  At  the  Parsons  mine  in-  Oregon 
gulch  the  contact  between  the  sandstone  and 
slate  was  followed  some  three  hundred  feet. 
At  present  the  contact  dips  at  an  angle  of 
thirty  degrees  and  shows  the  richest  bed  of 
gravel  in  northern  California.  A  new  shaft 
will  be  sunk  on  the  drift  three  hundred  feet 
deep,  through  which  the  gravel  will  be  hoisted. 
This  works  a  new  epoch  in  drift  mining  in 
this  county  and  what  was  supposed  to  be  a 
dream  has  proved  a  reality. 

NEVADA. 

Washoe  District. 

On  the  Comstock.— Dan  De  Quille:  The 
Consolidated  California  &  Virginia  mine  con- 
tinues to  look  and  yield  well.  The  company 
have  just  paid  a  dividend  amounting  to 
$54,000,  have  shipped  £35,690,42  to  the  Carsou 
mint  and  have  on  hand  at  their  assav  office 
bullion  to  the  value  of  SI  1,500.  They  had 
worked  last  week  at  .the  Morgan  mill,  on  the 
Carson  river,  710  tons  of  ore  which  averaged 
$50.24  a  ton.  They  extract  from  the  mine 
about  850  tons  of  ore  a  week.  They  have  a 
large  amount  of  ore  in  sight  in  the  mine 
opened  up  ready  for  extraction. 

A  new  drift  in  the  Hale  &  Norcross  mine  on 
the  975  level  shows  about  eighteen  inches  of 
good  ore.  This  drift  is  going  south,  and  may 
develop  a  large  body  of  ore.  The  ore  already 
assays  $43.91  a  ton. 

During  the  past  week  the  Alta  nunc  yielded 
forty-five  carloads  of  ore  assaying  $39.17  a  ton 

The  Savage  last  week  milled  110  tons  of  ore 
that  yielded  $30.77  a  ton. 

The  Chollar  yielded  during  the  past  week 
144  tons  of  ore  worth  $34.50  a  ton. 

The  yield  of  the  Crown  Point  was  876  tons 
of  gold  quartz,  averaging  $10.30  a  ton. 

During  the  past  week  the  Justice  mine 
yielded  120  tons  of  ore,  which  was  worked  at 
the  Washoe  mill  and  vielded  S17.08,  princi- 
pally in  gold. 

Streaks  of  pay  ore  are  being  found  to  the 
south  on  the  450  level  of  the  Potosi. 

Ferguson  District.— Tribune:  J.  P.  Nesbit, 
who  for  several  years  past  has  been  operating 
in  Pioche,  is  now  at  the  Cuilen  on  his  way  to 
Europe.  Included  in  his  luggage  is  a  sack  in 
which  is  contained,  according  to  assays,  proof 
of  at  least  one  more  bonanza,  the  vaults  of 
which  promise  good  returns  to  all  who  invest 
bpeaking  of  districts  last  night,  Mr.  Nesbit 
stated  that  attention  was  now  being  largely 
devoted  to  the  gold  prospects  and  there  would 
be  a  great  deal  of  active  prospecting  when 
warm  weather  came.  The  April  Fool  is  mak- 
ing a  mark  for  itself  uuder  the  lease  to  Frank 
Wilson,  who  is  just  now  shipping  a  lot  of  ore 
to  Bulhonville.  The  Magnolia,  which  is  being 
worked  by  Ferguson  Bros.  &  Manning,  is 
another  promising  prospect,  as  is  also  the  Flag- 
staff, which  latter  Mr.  Nesbit  is  one  of  the 
owners,  Referring  to  Captain  De  Lamar,  the 
visitor  says  the  machinery  for  his  mill  fs  stead- 


ilv  arriving,  and  that  it  will  be  ready  for 
operation  in  March.  The  outlook  for  the 
country  around  Pioche,  says  Mr.  Nesbit,  is 
very  gratifying,  and  the  gold  production  of 
1S95  promises  to  place  the  district  far  up  in 
the  list  of  gold  producers. 

Silver  Star  District.— The  Douglass  mill 
of  five  stamps  is  running  steadily  on  ore  from 
the  various  mines.  It  is  a  custom  mill  and  it 
reduces  ore  in  fifty-ton  lots  at  five  dollars  per 
ton.  The  ore  is  free  and  the  process  of  reduc- 
ing it  the  simplest  kind.  It  is  crushed  in  a 
battery  and  run  over  plates.  There  are  no 
pans  and  no  use  for  them. 

The  principal  mines  are  the  Hardscrabble, 
the  New  Party,  the  Oneida,  the  Direct  and 
Mary.  The  ore  from  these  mines  yields  from 
$60  to  $100  at  the  mill.  Besides  these  there 
are  a  dozen  or  more  other  mines  that  yield 
from  $15  to  $30  at  the  mill. 

There  are  about  eighty  miners  in  the  dis- 
trict, many  of  whom  have  leased  mines  and 
are  making  good  wages. 

Provisions  are  abundant,  but  prices  are 
higher  than  on  the  railroad.  Board  is  furnish- 
ed at  $1  per  day.  Wood  is  abundant,  nut 
pine,  which  makes  excellent  fuel  grows  right 
over  the  mines  and  it  sells,  delivered  at  mines, 
at  $5  per  cord.  There  are  five  good  springs  of 
water  in  the  vicinity,  two  of  which  are  near 
the  camp  and  supply  the  mill  and  the  inhabi- 
tants with  water. 

The  camp  is  about  eight  miles  from  Sodaville 
on  the  Carson  &  Colorado  railroad.  Ore  from 
the  Oneida  mine  is  hauled  by  teams  to  Soda- 
ville; thence  shipped  by  rail  to  Kinkead, 
twelve  miles,  where  it  is  worked.  This  mine 
is  owned  by  Knapp  &  Co.  and  is  considered 
very  valuable.     The  vein  is  small  but  rich. 

The  outlook  for  a  permanent  and  prosperous 
mining  camp  is  good.  The  formation  is  soft 
and  in  many  of  the  mines  the  ore  is  decompos- 
ed and  resembles  corn  meal.     ' 

DeLamar. — Lode:  Wm.  Perry  has  the 
contract  from  the  DeLamar  Company  to  haul 
the  bullion  from  DeLamar  to  Mi  Kurd.  Utah. 
The  contract  calls  for  $40,000  per  week,  or 
$160,000  per  month. 

The  DeLamar  Company's  tramway  will  be 
finished  and  in  running  order  in  a  few  days. 
The  working  of  the  tramway  is  very  simple 
and  is  not  an  endless  rope  as  at  first  supposed. 
There  are  two  large  cables — one  and  one-half 
inch— made  fast  at  both  ends,  and  will  sup- 
port 10,000  pounds  each;  the  cables  weigh 
6000  pounds.  The  cars  are  suspended  from 
the  main  cable  and  run  on  wheels.  There  are 
two  smaller  cables,  one  attached  to  each  car. 
The  cars  work  automatically,.,  the  loaded  one 
taking  the  empty  one  back".-  The  cars  are  self- 
dumpers.  The  distance  between  the  mill  and 
mine  is  23,000  feet  and  the  distance  is  to  be 
made  in  eighteen  seconds, 

Wm.  DeFreiz  is  chief  caterer  for  the  De- 
Lamar Water  Company, -and  the  liquid  fluid 
is  one  cent  per  "gallon,  or  forty  cents  per 
barrel. 

Lode:  Work  is  being  pushed  rapidly  at  the 
De  Lamar  Co's  mill.  The  Company's  office  is 
the  finest  building  in  the  State."  A  greater 
portion  of  the  machinery  for  the  mill  is  now 
on  the  road  and  will  be  put.  in  place  as  soon  as 
it  arrives.  The  mill  is  expected  to  be  in  full 
operation  by  the  15th  of  March.  A  force  of 
about  fifty  men  are  working  in  and  around 
the  mill. 

ARIZONA. 

Journal-Miner:  The  Gladiator  mill  is  pound- 
ing away  with  a  full  force  of  miners  and  mill 
men,  paying  handsomely.    ; 

At  the  Crowned  King,  one  of  the  richest 
mines  in  Arizona,  the  mill  is  running  steadily. 
Since  greater  depth  has  been  reached  on  this 
property,  water  has  been  developed  which 
guarantees  a  steady  supply,  for  the  mill  for 
the  future. 

On  the  Hassayampa.  Mark  Bradley  and 
partners  on  the  Oak  mine  are  down  100  feet 
with  a  shaft  in  free  gold  ore  that  will  run  $100 
to  the  ton.  It  is  said  that  they  recently 
milled  twenty  tons  of  ore  and  received  $1800 
by  it.  They  have  now  seventy-five  tons  of 
ore  on  the  dump  and  are  only  waiting  for  the 
completion  of  the  new  road  to  transport  this 
shipment  to  Tomlinson's  mill  on  the  Hassa- 
yampa, six  miles  distant. 

Thompson,  Rowe  &  Co.  are  working  "  Old 
Often  "  mine  steadily.  This  name  will  be  re- 
called by  all  old  timers,  from  the  fact  that 
back  in  the  early  sixties  it  was  worked  by  the 
arrastra  process  by  Bill  Kirkland  and  others, 
yielding  over  $71,000  in  gold.  The  above 
miners  are  now  running  levels  on  the  mine, 
and  are  said  to  be  taking  out  very  rich  rock. 

On  the  Jersey  Lily  they  are  down  185  feet. 
Two  levels  are  being  run  in  a  very  rich  grade 
of  ore  and  the  mine  continues  to  give  an  ex- 
cellent account  of  itself.  Seven  tons  of  ore 
recently  shipped  to  the  Arizona  Ore  Works  in 
Prescott  yielded  $252.70  per  ton.  It  is  said 
that  for  fifty-seven  feet  iu  the  main  shaft  of 
this  mine  there  is  exposed  as  fine  a  looking 
body  of  ore  as  the  mine  ever  had,  and  it  is  the 
intention  now  to  give  the  property  a  thorough 
and  systematic  opening. 

A  shaft  of  the  Congress  mill  broke  last  Sat- 
urday, causing  the  hangiug-up  of  ten  stamps. 
While  nothing  authoritative  is  given  out 
from  the  above  property,  miners  say,  however, 
that  it  is  yielding  more  of  the  yellow  metal 
than  ever  before,  and  that  the  mine  is  hardly 
prospected  as  yet.  Over  200  men  are  on  the 
pay  roll,  while  the  town  has  at  least  500  resi- 
dents. 

COLORADO. 

Accidents  in  Mines.— H.  C.  Acker,  Colorado 
State  Inspector  of  metalliferous  mines,  has 
made  his  official  report  to  Governor  Waite  for 
the  past  two  years.  The  report  gives  the 
following  recapitulation  of  the  condition  of 
mining  laborin  that  State  :  Number  of  mines 
working,  16,794;  mines  visited,  985;  number  of 
visits,  1,232;  fatal  accidents,  50;  non-fatal  ac- 
cidents, 100;  miles  traveled,  34,287.  On  the 
subject  of  accidents  and  their  prevention  Mr. 
Acker  says : 

"Many  accidents  have  been  caused  by  at- 
tempts to  drill   out  loaded   holes  which  have  i 


failed  to  explode ;  deficient  cages  have  caused 
others;  tapping  loaded  holes  with  metal  bars 
has  contributed  its  quota  to  the  death  list, 
and  it  has  happened  that  weak  timbers  were 
responsible  for  deaths  because  they  were  set 
by  an  incompetent  man. 

"Generally  speaking  mine  owners  have 
shown  a  commendable  disposition  to  promptly 
comply  with  all  reasonable  regulations  having 
in  view  the  safety  and  protection  of  men  in 
. their  employ.  The  law  providing  for  the  in- 
spection of  metalliferous  mines  has  for  its 
main  object  the  protection  of  the  lives  of  the 
most  numerous  class  of  our  wage-workers  en- 
gaged in  what  is  perhaps  the  most  hazardous 
of  all  occupations.  Skilled  miners  know  these 
dangers  and  generally  do  their  best  to  avoid 
them,  but  incompetent  men  sometimes  em- 
ployed at  tower  wages  not  only  endanger 
themselves,  but  often  cause  the  loss  of  the 
lives  and  property  of  others. 

"To obviate  these  direful  results,  and  in 
view  of  the  fact  that  druggists  and  plurnbers 
are  required  by  State  law  to  fit  themselves 
by  study  and  experience  to  fulfill  their  duties 
with  safety  to  their  fellowmen,  miners  should 
be  required  to  give  some  evidence  of  ;their 
qualifications  before  being  employed.  Corpo- 
rate owners  should  also  be  compelled  to'  see 
that  foremen  and  those  directly  in  charge  of 
bodies  of  men  engaged  in  so  hazardous  an1  em- 
ployment as  mining  are  competent  to  carefully 
care  for  the  safety  of  the  men  under  them." 

He  also  recommends  that  no  giant  powder 
be  stored  within  100  feet  of  the  mouth  of  the 
tunnel,  and  the  adoption  of  an  eight-hour  law 
for  miners. 

IDAHO. 

The  Wallace  Miner  says:  During  the  past 
month  fully  five  hundred  men  have  been 
thrown  out  of  employment  in  the  Cceur 
d'Alenes,  and  with  exception  of  about  one  hun- 
dred men  who  last  month  got  $2.10  and  SS.SO1,, 
a  day,  all  were  receiving  $3  or  $3.50  per  day. 
With  the  exception  of  about  forty,  practically 
all  of  these  five  hundred  men,  had  they  acted 
in  accordance  with  their  own  wishes  and  those 
of  their  employers,  would  have  been  working 
to-day  and  most  likely  would  have  continued 
so  all  winter. 

Great  Placer  Mine  Scheme.— At  a  point 
on  the  south  fork  of  the  Payette,  a  short  dis- 
tance below  its  confluence  with  the  Dead- 
wood  fork,  the  stream  makes  a  great  bend. 
At  the  point  of  nearest  approach,  where  the 
river  doubles  back  itself,  its  waters  are  sepa- 
rated by  only  S00  feet.  Gulches  lead  up  from 
either  side,  leaving  a  ridge  about  200  feet 
wide  and  200  feet  high.  The  river  flows  a 
mile  and  three-quarters  around  the  grea  t 
bend  beyond  this  point  of  nearest  approach. 

The  bed  of  the  stream  is  known  to  be  rich 
in  gold,  different  parties  having  taken  out 
large  sums  by  working  along  the  edges  at  low 
water.  There  are  hot  springs  all  along,  the 
horseshoe  from  which  gold  can  be  scooped  in 
considerable  quantities. 

This  placer  ground  has  been  located  by  J.  S. 
Batchen  of  Denver,  president  of  the  American 
Red  Stone  Company ;  A.  Campbell  of  Chicago 
and  Samuel  Gillilan  of  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 
They  have  admitted  L.  E.  Farnhamof  Detroit 
to  an  interest  and  purpose  to  cut  a  channel  for 
the  river  through  the  neck  of  the  bend.  This 
will  leave  the  river  bed  dry  for  the  entire  dis- 
tance of  ODe  and  three-fourths  miles,  and  it  is 
believed  the  ground  will  yield  enormously. 
It  will  be  mined  with  water  taken  either  from 
small  streams  that  flow  in  or  from  the  main 
river  at  the  dam  that  will  be  built  to  divert 
the  stream. 

They  have  not  decided  whether  they  will 
make  a  tunnel  or  an  open  cut.  If  a  tunnel  be 
constructed  it  will  be  about  twenty  feet 
square.  If  a  cut  be  decided  upon  it  will,  for  a 
short  distance,  be  200  feet  deep.  The  work 
will  cost  fully  $25,000.  It  will  be  begun  early 
in  the  spring. 

Messrs.  Farnham,  Batchen  and  Gillilan  are 
now  in  Boise,  says  the  Statesman.  Mr.  Batch- 
en has  a  bottle  of  gold  which  was  taken  out 
with  a  pan  about  ten  days  ago.  It  contains 
$108,  and  is  the  result  of  four  and  a  half  days' 
work,  of  four  hours  each,  by  two  men,  working 
during  the  warm  part  of  the  day. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

At  Cerillos  the  Santa  Fe  Placer  Association 
are  down  twenty-two  feet  with  the  caisson  in 
the  bed  of  the  Galisteo  river,  the  last  four  feet 
being  through  loose  rock.  The  caisson  was  re- 
cently wedged  in  the  rock,  stopping  work  for 
twenty-four  hours ;  a  pile  driver  was  rigged, 
however,  and  they  are  now  going  ahead  all 
right.  Several  satisfactory  tests  have  been 
made. 

The  Van  Smelting  Company  has  been  organ- 
ized to  work  mines  situated  at  Hanover,  Pinos 
Altos,  Pine  Springs,  and  for  smelting  and  re- 
duction of  ores  at  Silver  City.  The  company 
has  acquired  control  of  several  mines,  and  has 
a  lease  upon  the  Flagler  smelter  and  reduc- 
tion works,  It  is  capitalized  at  the  modest 
valuation  of  $10,000. 

The  new  smelting  plant  being  erected  by 
the  American  Lead  and  Zinc  Smelting  Com- 
pany at  Hanover  is  about  finished. 

UTAH. 

Swansea  May  Be  Closed.  —  Tribune: 
Messrs.  Geddes,  Snider,  Brinker  and  Carpen- 
ter, directors  of  the  Swansea  mine,  went  down 
to  Silver  City  on  a  tour  of  inspection  Tuesday 
and,  though  everything  was  found  to  be  highly 
satisfactory  at  the  mine,  it  was  partly  decided 
to  close  down  and  cease  all  operations  for  the 
present.  This  move  is  made  imperative  by 
the  exorbitant  smelter  charges,  for,  although 
there  is  a  good  ore  body  in  sight,  and  last 
year's  shipments  ran  ninety  ounces  of  silver 
to  the  ton,  the  company  cannot  afford  to  ship 
ore  at  the  present  low  price  of  silver  and  the 
hetvy  and  burdensome  working  charges. 

A  Pumice  Quarry.— Cleveland  and  Chicago 
capital  to  the  amount  of  $500,000  takes  control 
of  the  pumice  stone  quarry  in  Millard  county, 
Utah. 

The  property  is  located  five  miles  from 
Black  Rock  and  consists  of  a  mountain  of 
pumice  stone,  covering  an   area  Qf  forty  acres, 


The  stone  is  of  the  purest  character,  such 
that  it  can  be  marketed  and  consumed  for  all 
purposes  directly  in  its  crude  state. 

Hitherto,  every  ounce  of  pumice  stone  used 
in  the  United  States  has  been  imported  from 
some  island  to  the  south  of  Italy  where  the 
only  known  deposit  in  the  world  was  said  to 
exist.  Because  of  its  not  being  produced  in 
America  there  has  been  no  tariff  upon  it,  but 
the  Italian  government  levies  a  royalty  of  $5 
per  ton  upon  the  entire  output,  so  that  it  has 
never  been  cheaper  in  this  country  than  two 
and  a  half  cents  per  pound.  Four  firms  in  the 
United  States  import  it,  and  have  a  monopoly 
upon  it.  They  are  Messrs.  WadelJ,  Van 
Amridge,  Hermann  Barr  and  Davis.  Not  a 
pound  of  pumice  used  in  America  fails  to  pass 
through  their  hands. 

To  verify  the  rarity  of  pumice  as  a  mineral 
deposit  it  is  only  necessary  to  cite  the  con- 
fusion that  cauie  over  the  local  land  office  the 
other  day  when  Mr.  Quigley  tried  to  file  his 
papers.  Both  Mr.  Harris  and  Colonel  Ander- 
son, the  special  interior  agent,  searched  the 
statutes  for  a  law  to  cover  the  entry,  but 
failed  to  find  it,  so  that  Colonel  Anderson  ex- 
claimed to  Mr.  Quigley: 

"  Well,  you  deserve  a  gold  medal  in  having 
discovered  something  new  that  is  not  covered 
by  the  United  States  land  or  mineral  law.'1 

No  pumice  claim  had  ever  been  filed  in  the 
General  Land  Office. 

Some  idea  of  the  possible  market  that  will 
open  up  for  the  pumice  can  be  obtained  from 
the  fact  that  one  Cleveland  (O.)  firm  has  al- 
ready agreed  to  take  from  4,000  to  8,000  tons 
per  year. 

The  analysis  of  the  pumice  shows  as  follows : 
Water,  4.47;silica,  71. 79; alumina,  12.92;  oxide 
of  iron,  1.94;  lime,  1.09;  soda  and  potash,  8,32. 

A  Salt  Lake  Bonanza.— Tribune:  Accord- 
ing to  the  statement  of  the  owners,  who  are 
gentlemen  whose  truth  and  veracity  has  nev- 
er been  questioned,  a  ledge  of  gold  that  has 
assayed  as  high  as  $1800  per  ton  and  never 
less  than  $39,  with  an  average  of  $290,  has  been 
uncovered  at  the  mouth  of  Little  Cottonwood 
canyon,  less  than  eighteen  miles  from  the  city 
limits  of  Salt  Lake.  It  is  owned  through  a 
Government  patent,  very  recently  issued,  by  a 
regularly  incorporated  company  of  prominent 
citizens  who  have  known  of  its  existence  for 
two  months,  and  who  had  been  hunting  for  it 
for  six  months  previous  to  its  discovery  Yes- 
terday a  gang  of  five  miners  was  sent  out  to 
begin  regular  development  work. 

OREGON. 

Mining  on  Elliott  Creek.— G.  W.  Boggs, 
who  recently  bought  the  Elliott  Creek  mining 
property,  has  placed  a  force  of  men  at  work 
developing  it.  He  will  build  a  ditch  about 
two  miles  in  length,  of  the  capacity  of  2,000 
gallons,  with  250  feet  pressure.  He  intends 
to  run  two  or  three  six-inch  giants.  The 
water  supply  will  be  continuous  and  the  work 
can  be  prosecuted  without  interruption.  Mr. 
Boggs  has  had  one  six-inch  giant  ip  operation 
for  the  past  six  weeks,  and  the  gravel  shows 
up  far  better  than  was  expected.  Work  will 
be  pushed  with  the  ditch,  and  it  is  expected  it 
will  be  completed  in  sixty  days.  The  prop- 
erty contains  450acres,  with  an  average  depth 
of  twenty-five  feet,  and  the  whole  of  it  has 
been  sufficiently  prospected  to  justify  putting 
in  a  large  plant. 

WASHINGTON. 

Ainsworth  Mines.— The  concentrator  was 
started  this  week  and  about  fifty  men  are  em- 
ployed on  this  and  other  construction.  The 
company  also  has  sixteen  men  working  on  the 
Bluebell.  A  barge  load  of  ore  from  this  prop- 
erty has  been  shipped  to  the  smelter.  The 
company  also  has  fifty  men  cutting  wood  for 
coke  for  the  furnaces  and  fuel  for  the  engines 
and  electric  light  plant. 

J.  McVicar,  has  twenty-two  men  at  work 
and  shipped  fifty-six  tons  to  Pilot  Bay. 

The  Black  Diamond  is  increasing  its  force, 
and  taking  out  a  shipment  of  500  tons,  which 
will  probably  go  to  Great  Falls  in  the  spring. 
Jones  &  McLean  are  still  driving  ahead  on 
their  tunnel  contract  for  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Mining  &  Milling  company  and  the  company 
itself  is  driving  a  tunnel  in  another  part  of  the 
claim. 

There  has  been  considerable  talk  lately 
about  organizing  a  miner's  union  here  and  in 
the  Slocan  country,  but  sentiment,  seems  to 
be  considerably  divided  and  as  yet  nothing 
definite  has  been  done. 


Every  Inventor  Wants  a  Good  Patent 

Or  none  at  all.  To  secure  the  best  patents 
Inventors  have  onlv  to  address  Dewet  &  Co., 
Pioneer  Patent  Agents,  No.  220  Market  St., 
San  Francisco. 

There  are  many  good  reasons  why  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  should  patronize  this  Home  Agency. 

It  is  the  ablest,  largest,  best,  most  con- 
venient, economical  and  speedy  for  all  Pacific 
Coast  patrons. 

It  is  the  oldest  on  this  side  of  the  American 
continentj  most  experienced,  and  in  every  way 
reliable. 

Conducted  from  1S63  by  its  present  owners 
(A.  T.  Xtewey,  W.  B.  Ewer  and  Geo.  H. 
Strong),  this  agency  has  the  best  knowledge 
of  patents  already  issued  and  of  the  state  of 
the  arts  in  all  lines  of  inventions  most  com- 
mon on  this  coast. 

Patents  secured  in  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Mexico,  all  British  colonies  and 
provinces,  England  and  other  civilized  coun- 
tries throughout  the  globe. 

Caveats  filed,  assignments  duly  prepared, 
examinations  made,  and  a  general  Patent 
Agency  business  conducted. 

Established  and  successfully  and  popularly 
conducted  for  nearly  thirty  years,  our  patrons 
number  many  thousands,  to  whom  we  refer 
with  confidence,  as  men  of  influence  and  re- 
liability. Old  and  new  inventors  are  cordially 
offered  the  complimentary  use  of  our  library 
and  free  advice,  etc.  No  of  ■  agency  can 
afford  Pacific  States  invent'  'f  the  ad- 

vantages possessed  by  this .„'  ,  „  'isd  and 
experienced  firm.  <*AN  FRANCiSCl 


January  2<>,    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


59 


Coast    Industrial   Notes. 


—The  Everett,  Wash.,  paper  mill  la  being 

put  in  shap*1  for  a  long  run 
— About   SBOOO'woi  ion   is  shipped 

dally  from  Wanblngton  State 
— Moran    Bros.'   Seattle    foundry,   recently 
destrc  i  built, 

— TheC.!P  R  cement  works  at  Vaucouver, 
H  c  ,  wtii  be  readj  Feb.  Isl 

—A.  H    SehlernolSi   head  draughtsman  ai 
the  Rtsdon  Iron  Works,  baa  invented  an  ore 
her. 
—The   proposition  ;e   a   "shingle 

trust"   in   Washington  State   has   bei 
porarilj  abandoned. 

i       D.  Hague  is  reported  Co  have  bought 
the  fram  Iway  between 

.:  oss  Valley. 
TtaeS.  P.   Pine  Manufacturers1 

about  (lend.     The  Paclflt   Pine  Lumber 

unced   its  prices  80 cents.    There 

is  a   better  lumber   demand  and  a  brighter 

■ 

—The Pacific  t  oosi  Sfc  urnship  Company  an- 

ea  a  radical  reduction  in  passenger  rates 

from  Seattle  and  TaoomS  to  Alaskan   points. 

I  lass   fare  is  cut   from  $52  to  $20,  and 

second  olasa  130  to$lo. 

—Last  year  the  Nen  Vancouver  Coal  com- 
pany Bhlpped  380,019  tons;  the  Wellington 
niinVs  Vl.'.tl'.i  tons,  and  tbeUnion  mines  303,598, 
making  a  total  of  741, Tfi.V  The  total  shipments 
for  1898  were  718,828  tons. 

—Mexican  cattle  sell  at  $5  to  $12  a  head, 
Mexican  money,  or  $2.50  to  $*>  a  head,  Amer- 
ican money.  All  the  cattle  a  man  wants  may 
beobtaineil  for  $3  a  head,  American  money. 
Sonora  cattle  are  on  the  market  iu  abundance 
and  are  liable  to  stay   there,  says  the  Border 

Vi.l.tt.. 

—The  naval  appropriation  bill  practically 
contains  in  it  .<5,(>uo\0U0  for  California.  It  is 
expected  that  Secretary  of  the  Navv  Herbert 
will  award  one  of  the' $4,000,000  battleships 
to  the  Union  Iron  Works,  besides  two  of  the 
torpedo  boats.  The  Mare  Island  yard  is  to 
build  one  of  the  new  torpedo  boats. 

— Horses  aro  as  cheap  in  Oregon  as  in  this 
State  Just  now.  A  herd  of  800  head,  just  off 
the  range,  was  sold  at  an  average  price  of  $5 
each,  recently,  and  a  few  days  ago,  at  a  sale 
of  tine  stock  near  Portland,  a  splendid 
matched  team  of  sorrel  mares  were  sold  for 
f40  and  a  big  bay  horse  brought  only 
123.50.  Half  a  dozen  years  ago  such  horses 
would  have  sold  readily  for  8100  to  3150  each. 

—The  receipts  of  treasure  per  Wells,  Fargo 
&  Co's  express  during  the  twelvemonths  end- 
ing December  31,  1894,  were  $11, 580,717,  as 
follows:  From  the  interior,  §10,813,357;  from 
the  north  coast,  $773,SoO.  This  treasure  con- 
sisted of  £6,527, 12U  in  coin,  $3,005,313  in  silver 
bulliun,  and  $2,050,275  in  gold  bullion.  The 
Inland  shipments  from  San  Francisco  'during 
the  year  were  $20,743,102,  and  the  overland 
shipment  $8,668,980. 

—The  big  American  ship  Kenihvorth  from 
Honolulu  takes  the  -first  cargo  of  Hawaiian 
sugar  ever  sent  direct  from  the  islands  to 
New  York.  Sbe  can  carry  3200  tons  of  sugar. 
The  California  Sugar  Company  conducts  this 
new  enterprise.  It  has  arranged  to  ship  two- 
thirds  of  tho  Hawaiian  sugar  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, where  it  will  be  refined,  and  the  re- 
maining third  to  New  York.  As  one- third  of 
the  Hawaiian  crop  is  estimated  at  30,000  tons, 
this  will  load  ten  of  the.  largest  American 
clipper  ships. 

— F.  M.  Hatch,  Hawaiian  minister  of  foreign 
affairs,  who  came  up  on  the  last  steamer,  says 
that  the  main  object  of  his  trip  is  to  push  the 
project  for  a  cable  between  this  city  and 
Honolulu.  He  says  the  Hawaiians  do  nut  like 
the  idea  of  foreign  capital  invested  in  an  en- 
terprise which  they  think  should  be  purely 
American.  Hatch  says  if  capital  cannot  be 
secured  in  this  country  it  will  be  sought  else- 
where. The  plan  of  the  Hawaiians  is  to 
Utilize  Neckar  island  as  a  station  when  the 
cable  is  laid,  with  a  supplementary  line  from 
Neckar  to  Honolulu. 

—The  Seattle  Consolidated  Street  Railway 
Company,  the  successor  of  the  Seattle  Electric  j 
Railway  and  Power  Company,  operating   the  I 
Second  street  line  and  its  branches  in  Seattle,  j 
Wash.,  has   been  sued  in   the  United  States  i 
Circuit  Court  under   foreclosure  proceedings  | 
broughtby  the  Illinois  Trustand  Savings  Bank  | 
of  Chicago,  trustee,  on  a  mortgage  for  $400,"000,  ! 
covering  an  issue  of   bonds,   March   15,    1890.  j 
Default  in  the  payment  of  coupons  under  the 
trust  deed   was   made  April   1,  1894,  and   the 
bank  now  asks  that  the  mortgaged  property, 
covering  all   the  holdings  of  the  company,  be 
sold  as  an  entirety  and   without  the  right  of 
redemption,  to  satisfy  the  sum  due  upon  the  j 
bonds. 

— The   Pierce  County,   Wash.,    Power  and 
Telegraph  Company  have  applied  for  permis- 
sion to  build  and  operate  an  electric  power  plant 
in    Tacoma    for  manufacturing,   railway  and 
other  purposes.    They  propose   to  put  a  dam 
across  the  Nisqually  in  order  to  get  a   fall  of 
water   to  run   the  dynamos,  and  will  put  in  a 
large  amount  of  expensive  machinery.     A  new  ' 
company  has  been  formed  in  Tacoma  growing  ' 
out  of  the  purchase  and  combination   of  the  J 
Tacoma  Light  and  Water  Company  with  the  ! 
Commercial  Electric  L-ight  and  Power  Com-  ! 
pany.    The  reputed  purchasers  are  Seymour,  ' 
Barto&  Co.,  C.  B.  Hurley,  and  some  Eastern 
men  who  make  a  specialty  of  the  gas  business. 
Mr.  Hurley  has  become  manager  of  the  con-  j 
solidated  plants. 

F^OR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  iron,  lead  lined.  J 
1  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time.  For  sale 
cheap.    Address       L.  C.  5.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Office,  S,  p, 


In 


Our  Lap- 


I 


WELDED  PIPE  iMATHESON  JOINT,  for  which  we  are  agents) 
we  are  supplying  an  article  of  known  excellence.  A  large  line 
always  In  stock.  We  al$o  make  all  kinds  and  sizes  of  SHEET 
IRON  and  SHEET  STEEL  riveted  WATER  PIPE  for  hydraulic 
mining.  Irrigation  and  other  purposes.  We  want  business— at 
least  the  way  we  make  our  pipe,  the  way  we  sell  It  and  the  way 
we  treat  customers  would  make  you  think  so.  Quotations 
and  Information  furnished  promptly. 


RISDON 

IRON 

WORKS, 


S.  E.  HOWARD  AHD  BEALE  STS.,  SAW  FRANCISCO 


Attention i_riiners  ! 

w.wTmoIagueXco. 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Rix/eted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining,  Mills  and  Power  Plants.  "^^ 

IRON,  OUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  flarket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


Mining    F*ipe ! 


STEEL  OR  IRON.— We  make  pipe' of  either,  but  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  many 

particulars  and  inferior  in  none. 
COATING.— We  use  great  care  la  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  ReHned  Aspbaltum 

and  Maltha. 
COMPETITORS.— Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  "Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL& CO.Springfield,Ohro,U.S.A. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory 

524  Sacramento  Street,  5an  Francisco,  Cal. 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.N.JEHU,    -..-    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

J  G-i8  Montgomery  Street,  San   Frauclaco. 

Rooms  46  and  4?  Montgomery  Block. 

'  Ore  Assays,  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


[  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  j 

Electrical  and  Mining:  Engineering. 

)  Surveying.  Architecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying.  1 

723  Market  St.,  San  Franclncu,  Oil. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAH. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN.  President. 

I  Assaying  of  OreB,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorlnatlon  ( 

Assay,  $26;  Blowpipe  Assay.  110.    Pull  Course  ( 

of  Assaying,  $50.    Established  18(W. 

W  Send  for  Circular. 


Almarin  B.  Paul,  M.  E., 


Mining;  Operator, 


ROOM  6,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
f  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco.  ] 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
'  ingon  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  < 
1  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  interest  ' 
1  In  Developed  Mines.  < 

i      Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  DJIPROVED  < 
i  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  com  petent  ( 
i  Instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
i  practical  scale. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 
ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Eto. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  'fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining:  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

!  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and 
i  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
(  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street, 

Tacoma.  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


Busln* 

34  Post  Street, 


College, 

San  Francisco- 


FOR    SEVENTY -FIVE     OOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  In  Shorthand,  Type- Writing 
Bookkeeping.  Telegraphy.  PenmanBhip.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  Bix  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  Instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  es'abllshed  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
insiructor.  The  course  Is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


iffiTf  WELL  MACHINERY^- 

All  hlnilB  of  tool;*.  Fori uno  for  Ihedrlller  by  using  our 
Adu.m"niintproc(.'sn;c:ni  takoacore.  Perfected  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pnmpinif  Ruts  to  w.-rlt  by  Steam., Air,  etc. 
Letoehelpyii.  THE  AMRKIOAN  WELLWOBK8, 


INVENTORS,      Take      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

226  Mahket  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs) ,  San 
Francisco  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasswork.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  confidential:  


Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumeB),  «5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  60  cent?  &aaif<iopai  per 
volume. 


60 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  26,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


Revolutionizing  Telegraphy. 


The  latest  announced  improvement 
in  electric  transmission  of  words  is  of 
a  device  which  it  is  asserted  is  being 
now  perfected  for  sending  messages 
and  having  them  written  out  automat- 
ically in  Roman  characters  as  rapidly 
as  ten  operators  can  work  under  the 
present  system. 

'  The  phonoscope  lets  the  speaker  at 
one  end  of  the  telephone  line  see  the 
person  addressed  at  the  other  end. 
The  tautograph  completes  this  phase 
of  invention  by  transmitting  a  photo- 
graph over  a  telegraph  wire  and  re- 
cording it  as  received,  in  the  shape  of 
a  finished  engraving  ready  for  the 
printing  press.  Akin  to  this  is  the 
telautograph,  which  records  an  auto- 
graphic message  and  carries  it  in  the 
handwriting  of  the  sender;  but  the 
telegraph,  first  in  point  of  time,  and  in 
a  sense  basal,  still  uses  arbitrary  signs 
or.  signals,  which  are  interpreted  by 
the  receiving  operator  into  a .  legible 
message. 

Every  betterment  successfully  at- 
tempted has  been  in  the  direction  of  in- 
creased speed,  which  has  brought  out 
the  various  duplex,  quadruplex  and 
multiplex  systems  whereby  several 
messages  can  be  sent  over  the  same 
wire  at  one  time.  A  number  of  print- 
ing .  telegraph  ideas  have  been  ad- 
vanced, but  the  speed  has  not  kept 
pace  with  the  complication  of  the 
mechanism. 

A  description  received  of  the  new 
system  says: 

"  I  wrote  some  sentences  and  handed 
them  to  the  operator,  who  sat  down  be- 
fore an  ordinary  typewriter  and  placed 
therein  a  piece  of  paper,  upon  which 
she  clicked  out  my  message.  At  the 
same  time  it  was  recorded  on  a  ribbon 
of  paper,  through  a  series  of  holes,  va- 
rying in  number  and  location  according 
to  the  characters  to  be  represented. 
Next  the  operator  placed  the  ribbon 
a,bove  a  small  metal  roller;  above  this 
ribbon  was  a  series  of  small  metallic 
fingers,  which  pressed  upon  it.  As 
the  different  holes  in  the  ribbon  came 
under  the  fingers,  electrical  connection 
was  made  with  the  roller  and  a  dupli- 
cate was  made  for  preservation.  The 
ribbon  remained  in  place  while  the 
roller  made  one  revolution,  the  metallic 
fingers  working  meanwhile  as  if  on  a 
typewriter. 

'  Only  one  finger  at  a  time  was  con- 
nected with  the  telegraph  wire,  but  in 
course  of  each  revolution  every  finger 
had  a  chance  to  send  out  an  impulse 
over  the  wire,  the  holes  and  the  fingers 
or  keys  being  adjusted  to  each  other 
throughout. 

' '  The  machine  upou  which  the  message 
was  to  be  received  was  like  the  one 
upon  which  it  was  sent.  It  comprised 
a  disk  with  the  same  number  of  divi- 
sions in  its  rim  and  a  brush  sliding 
against  it.  In  this  case  each  of  these 
divisions  was  connected  with  a  sepa- 
rate magnet,  eight  of  them  being 
placed  in  a  circle,  each  magnet  having 
an  arm  pointing  toward  the  center  of 
the  circle,  so  that  all  of  the  eight  arms 
ended  within  the  space  of  a  Roman 
letter. 

"  One  arm  made  the  stem  to  a  T,  or 
the  same  arm  made  an  I,  if  its  magnet 
was  called  upon  to  act.  If  the  letter 
was  an  I,  only  one  hole  was  punched  in 
the  ribbon;  but  if  it  was  a  T  there  were 
three  holes — one  for  the  stem,  another 
for  the  left-hand  portion  of  the  cross- 
bar and  a  third  for  the  right-hand  por- 
tion of  the  bar.  In  this  case  three  of 
the  magnets  moved  their  small  arms, 
which  made  the  marks  described. 
Above  the  inner  ends  of  these  levers 
was  an  inking  ribbon,  above  which  was 
a  piece  of  paper,  of  the  ordinary  letter 
size,  and  held  in  position  in  the  usual 
typewriter  fashion.  The  movement  of 
the  magnet  arms  were  so  fast  that 
they  made  their  prescribed  marks  upon 
the  paper  before  it  had  time  to  move 
out  of  place. 

"  It  was  absolutely  necessary  to  keep 
■the  two  brushes— one  at  the  sending 
end  and  one  at  the  receiving  end — on 
the  same  part  of  the  disks  at  the  same 
time,  so  that  each  finger  might  be  con- 


nected with  its  own  magnet.  Yet  I 
saw  my  message  printed  out  before  my 
eyes,  line  by  line,  properly  spaced,  en- 
tirely legible  and  ready  for  delivery,  al- 
though the  brushes  were  rotating  1000 
times  per  minute.  The  device  by  which 
this  certainty  of  action  is  achieved  is, 
after  all,  simple.  Each  brush  arm  is 
fastened  to  a  shaft,  which  also  has  a 
disk  about  two  feet  in  diameter 
mounted  upon  it.  On  the  receiving 
machine  at  one  point  this  disk  or  fly- 
wheel has  two  metal  points  near  each 
other,  but  insulated,  and  the  secondary 
or  an  induction  coil  includes  these 
points.  The  primary  of  this  circuit  at 
the  sending  end  is  broken  once  for  each 
revolution  of  a  similar  flywheel  and 
brush  arm  at  that  end.  and  wheu  so 
broken  it  causes  a  spark  to  appear  be- 
tween the  points  of  the  receiving  wheel. 
Now,  so  long  as  the  spark  seems  to 
stand  still,  the  two  brush  arms  and 
wheels  are  moving  at  the  same  speed. 
The  operator  corrects  any  irregularity 
by  setting  his  thumb  against  the  rim 
of  the  wheel. 

"My  message  was  handed  to  me 
printed  out  in  Roman  characters,  and 
from  personal  observation  I  am  certain 
that  at  least  200  words  per  minute  can 
be  received  by  this  system.  The  brush 
arms  made  1000  revolutions  per  minute, 
and  one  complete  letter  was  made  for 
each  revolution. 

"  Ordinary  press  dispatches  average 
say  five  letters  per  word.  At  another 
time  the  machines  were  speeded  up  to 
1500  revolutions,  which  gave  a  capacity 
of  300  words  per  minute,  and  all  this 
was  attained  without  expert  skill  in 
manipulation." 

By  this  system  the  business  man 
could  dictate  a  message  to  his  sten- 
ographer, who,  h  writing  it  out  on  the 
typewriter,  would  at  the  same  time 
produce  the  perforated  ribbon,  so  that 
the  ribbon  itself  would  be  presented  at 
the  telegraph  office  and  the  message 
automatically  forwarded. 

With  the  best  type  printing  tele- 
graph S3Tstems  now  in  use  or  proposed, 
the  speed  is  limited  fo  the  speed  of  the 
operator,  because  a  key  is  operated  for 
each  letter  to  be  recorded,  while  in  this 
system  the  sendiug  spend  is  regulated 
by  the  number  of  rotations  of  the 
transmitter.  If  2000  revolutions  were 
maintained,  then  2000  letters  or  char- 
acters would  be  transmitted  per 
minute,  all  received  on  a  printed  page, 
ready  for  delivery. 

The  people  who  are  getting  ready  to 
put  this  invention  into  use  are  confi- 
dently putting  up  their  first  line  be- 
tween Washington  and.  Baltimore,  over 
the  same  route  that  was  traveled  by 
Prof.  Morse's  trial  line  in  1844. 


Big    Electric    Locomotive. 


Although  the  electric  locomotive  of 
the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  road  is  to  be 
used  only  for  hauling  trains  through 
the  Monumental  City,  and  not  for  ex- 
press service,  the  experiment  of  build- 
ing and  using  it  is  watched  with  great 
interest  in  railway  circles.  It  is  to  be 
composed  of  two  four-wheel  trucks, 
and  has  a  300-horse  power  motor  on 
each  axle;  and  when  completed  it  is  ex- 
pected to  weigh  ninety-five  tons.  While 
capable  of  making  a  speed  of  fifty 
miles  an  hour  when  running  light,  it 
will  probably  run  at  onty  thirty  miles 
with  half  a  load,  and  fifteen  with  a  full 
load.  It  is  designed,  however,  to  han- 
dle quite  as  heavy  traius  as  the  best 
steam  locomotives. 

One  truck,  which  is  finished,  was  re- 
cently tested  at  Schenectady.  Being 
connected  with  a  good-sized  New  York 
Central  engine,  the  two  were  set  to 
work,  pulling  against  each  other.  The 
electric  truck,  although  only  half  as 
powerful  as  the  machine  of  which  it  is 
to  form  a  part,  weighed  slightly  more 
than  its  competitor,  and  therefore  had 
a  little  better  grip  on  the  track.  It 
pulled  the  steam  locomotive  up  and 
down  the  road  with  apparent  ease. 
This  fact,  among  others,  was  clearly 
demonstrated:  Weighted  equally  with 
a  steam  locomotive,  the  electric  motor 
will  start  a  heavier  load  from  a  station- 
ary position.  The  pull  is  constant  dur- 
ing the  whole  revolution  of  a  driving- 
wheel  in  the  one  case,  while  in  the 
other  the  angle  which  the  crank  makes 


with  the  line  of  draft   causes   a   varia- 
tion in  the  effective  power. 

The  whistle  of  the  new  engine  will  be 
operated  by  compressed  air,  afforded 
by  an  air  pump  which  also  serves  the 
air  brakes.  There  will  be  a  Janney 
coupler  at  each  end.  The  current  is  to 
be  supplied  from  a  power  station,  and 
taken  into  the  motor  by  an  overhead 
trolley.  The  generating  apparatus 
will  be  installed  and  the  line  in  working 
order  before  many  weeks. 


New  Telephone  Signal. 


On  the  first  of  next  month  the  Chi- 
cago Telephone  Exchange  will  operate 
a  new  system  of  signals  by  which  a 
great  saving  of  time  will  be  effected. 
The  subscriber  will  then  simply  take 
down  his  receiver,  and  instantly  a  little 
electric  light  with  his  number  will  flash 
in  front  of  the  operator.  As  the  sub- 
scriber takes  his  receiver  he  calls  the 
number  he  wishes,  and  the  connection 
is  made  at  once.  At  the  end  of  the 
conversation  the  hanging  up  of  the 
receiver  lights  another  lamp  which 
directs  the  operator  to  disconnect. 

The  new  system  is  the  outcome  of 
experiments  which  have  been  going  on 
for  a  year  in  this  city  and  Chicago. 
Three  hundred  and  forty  thousand  per- 
sons use  the  telephone  in  Chicago.  The 
number  of  calls  in  the  twenty-four 
hours  of  each  day  is  115,000.  Under 
the  present  system  the  number  of  calls 
that  could  be  answered  in  an  hour  was 
200.  Under  the  electric  signal  system 
the  number  of  calls  that  can  be  an- 
swered will  be  600. 


Continuous  copper  wires  of  the 
Postal  Telegraph  Cable  Co.  now  admit 
of  direct,  simultaneous  connection  be- 
tween this  city  and  New  York  or  Chi- 
cago, it  being  now  possible  to  send  a 
message  from  here  to  either  of  those 
cities  and  receive  an  answer  in  two  or 
three  minutes. 


The  much-talked-of  electric  railway 
from  Merced  to  the  Yosemite  is  assum- 
ing tangible  shape,  and  it  is  manifest, 
that  the  four-days  round  trip  will  be 
made  a  thing  of  the  past.  The  plan 
involves  the  expenditure  of  a  very 
large  amount  of  money — nearly  $2,000,- 
000.  ' 

Electricity,  of  New  York,  is  doing  good 
work  in  exposing  some  of  the  frauds 
that  have  fastened  on  the  electric  busi- 
ness as  they  will  fasten  on  any  line  of 
commercial  pursuit.  Just  now  the 
Electropoise  and  the  Electrolibration 
Co.  are  receiving  needed  exposure. 


The  Western  Electric  Co.  proposes 
to  make  matters  lively  for  some  of  the 
new  telephone  companies,  and  has  be- 
gun suit  against  them  for  alleged  in- 
fringement of  some  of  its  numerous 
patents. 

It  is  not  so  very  long  as  time  goes 
since  incandescent  lamps  were  $1.00 
each.  In  '91  they  were  50  cents.  Com- 
petition and  a  free  field  have  brought 
the  price  now  down  to  21  cents. 


The  Edison  Light  and  Power  Co.  is 
about  ready  to  begin  its  proposed  out- 
lay of  a  quarter  of  a  million  dollars  in 
changing  its  overhead  wires  to  the  un- 
derground system. 

An  electrical  horse  power  is  the 
electrical  power  of  an  electrical  cur- 
rent the  product  of  whose  volts  and 
amperes  is  746. 


20rStamp  Mill   for  Sale. 

In  Southern  California,  a  20-stamp  Gold  Quartz 
Mill,  with  engine,  boiler,  self-feeders,  rock- 
breaker,  etc. 

As  the  premises  are  adjacent  to  Railroad,  the 
Mill  could  be  conveniently  removed.  Can  be  had 
at  low  price  for  cash.  Address:  "Quartz  Mill," 
care  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  San  Fran- 
cisco. 


W.    H.    BirCh    &    CO.   (Incorporated) 

Manufacturers  of 
Passenger  and  Freight  Elevators, 
Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Improved  Corliss  Engines, 
Mining  Machinery, 

Cable  Railway  Machinery. 
116  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 


Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN     CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent, 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

mine-  and  mill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 

Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 

,S<-^     We  would  call  the  attention 
•     of  Assayers,  Chemists,   Min-< 

ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  \oMtcocB 
I  panies,  Prospectors,  etc.,  to  ™  "'•" 
1     our  full   stoclt   of    Balances, 

Furnaces.  Muffles.  Cruel  hies, Scoiiflers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for   the   Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.     Also  for  E.  (i.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.    The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and    full    weight   of   Silver    guaranteed.     Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.    Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


I 


if  CARBONS" 

W  BLACK    DIAMONDS)  ^JBf 
r  TOR 

*       DIAMOND  DRILLS. 


^S.  D.  DESSAU, 

P^         IMPORTER.        V 

■m  4&6,ToijDSt.,  m 

*    New  York       w 

*   4 


Krogh  MT  g  Co., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Mining    Pumps,  Pan   Staves,  Leaching;  Tanks 

and  also  the  famous 


Krogh  Mining   Hoist  ! 

The  best  and  cheapest  on  the  market,  and  for 

strength  and  durability  unsurpassed. 

Send  for  Catalogue.       Si  Beale  St.,  San  Francisco. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka   Company, 

of  san  francisco. 

room  1.       -      426  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Janimiy  26,  1895. 


Mining  and'  Scientific  Press. 


61 


Wire   Wope   Versus  Electricity.       No.  io. 


IK  in- ,•  Rowan  doesn  i  agree  with  J. 
T.  B'orgie  on  the  tatter's  paper,  re- 
cently read  before  the  Scottish  Mining 
institute,  In  which  electric  transmis- 
sion uf  power  for  raining  purposes  was 
advocated. 

■\< rding   to  Mr.   Rowan  the   first 

co  i    and    necessity    for    high-priced 

attendance    with    electric    power    far 

outbalances   the  asserted  economy  of 

on,  and  places  wire  rope  trans- 

ead. 

According  to  bis  figures  the  co 
transmission  from  the  surface  to  the 
haulage  planl  in  the  mine   below    was. 
For  a  particular  case,    very  closely  as 
follows 

FIRST  COST. 


mamtaslOD 


■  in  ravor  ui  rope  plum 

YEARLY  EXPENSES. 

BCTRll      >-i   \\  I 

:.   50  la    l'luu 

Engi 


Black    Mills    Gold    and  Silver 
Product. 


The  amount  uf  gold  produced  in  the 
Black  Hills  during  the  year  1803  was 
221,675  858  ozs.,  and  the  coinage  value 
*4,119,083.27;  silver.  187,915.20  ozs.,  of 
;i  coinage  value  of  $96,540.64.  Con- 
servative  and  well-informed  mining 
in.  n  says  tin-  Pioneer,  place  the  prod- 
uct  Of  1894  at  :  Gold.  443,351,716  ozs., 
coinage  value  $8,238,166.54;  silver,  172,- 
394  ozs.,  value  $120,673.80. 

The  gold  product  of  '93  was  distrib- 
uted as  follows  : 

Homestake,  Highland,  Caledonia,  Dead- 
wood.  Golden  Rvwurd  -93,318,837  58 

i  "!iiiiiIhi>  ly.lKJO  uu 

Ooleln  a.  .v  3.  Co  I.1..1    . 

MarkTwatn  3,n8n  00 

D.  &!>.. Smelting  Co  .Sivi.imij  mi 

1:  it.  Bayes  goa  110 

iJuxiuu  uod  Bonanza  3ii,'jou  mi 

Big  Missouri  7*  192  1x1 

Hawkejre  sunn  in  1 

Bartelow  &  Wilson  tu.sxi  iiu 

Standby 5.IKIII  hij 

Keystone.  .  i-'.uuuuo 

.1.  K  Mining  i'ii    85,000  on 

Purchased  by  HMrai  National  Huuk M.^71  «y 

Other  banks  and  jewelers 38,000  00 


Tbtal  ...  ,14,119,083  87 

S1VRH  PBODDCT. 

Homestake,  etc.  £20,738  S5 

Huiluu  . 
R.  B.  Haye 


D.  &  D.  Smeller 


Ml  80 
1,453  99 

'3.1X10  1)0 


Total. 


He  Knew    Too   Much. 


The  death  of  the  late  Jas.  G.  Fair 
brings  to  the  surface  a  good  many  an- 
ecdotes of  "Uncle  Jimmy."  The  fol- 
lowing is  believed  to  be  new: 

A  body  of  rich  ore  was  struck  in  a 
drift,  and  speculative  reasons  made  it 
necessary  to  bide  the  news  from  the 
public  for  a  few  days.  The  Senator,  in 
his  flannel  shirt  and  oilskin  hat,  sat 
down  with  the  resting  miners  in  the 
drift;  and,  picking  a  piece  of  rock  from 
a  passing  car,  remarked: 

"  That's  pretty  good  stuff;  don't  you 
think  so,  boys  ?  " 

There  was  a  murmur  of  respectful 
assent  from  a  few. 

"  What  do  you  think  of  it,  Johnson  ?  " 

Miner  Johnson,  who  was  acquainted 
with  Fair's  ways,  examined  the  rock 
critically,  shook  his  head,  and  said  it 
looked- barrerrto  him.  Several  others 
did  thesame.  Miner  Murphy,  a  com- 
parative tenderfoot,  saw  an  opportu- 
nity to  distinguish  himself.  "That 
rock,  sir,  will  go  all  the  way  from  $150 
to  $300  a  ton." 

"Ah,"  murmured  the  Senator,  ad- 
miringly, "you're  a  miner,  Murphy. 
You  understand  your  business."  Then 
to  the  superintendent  in  the  office 
presently:  "Brown,  discharge  Murphy 
from  that  drift.     He  knows  too  much." 


The  ten  deepest  mines  in  Silver  Bow 
county,  Montana,  are  the  Alice,  which 
is  down  1500  feet;  the  Lexington,  1500; 
Gagnon,  1250;  East  Gray  Rock,  1300; 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 

Call  attention  to  this  fac  simile  letter. 
They  have  others  equally  strong,  tes- 
tifying to  the  unqualified  success  of 
the  Rielder  5ystem. 


.Go. 


tl,U5T  .'jO 
5,42?  .Mi 


14,370  00 


:»;  .vi 
IKK1  hu 


a  .urn -i, I;;,  ::, 

\\  I  III    FtOPH  PLANT. 

Interest,  etc            061  ."  ,    I0?j  $105  75 

in .ii  ..i  ropes  328  75 

Attendance,  280  days.  2SS  3:i 

b i  labor  -j  25 

Total  per  annum wsu  iw 

Difference  In  yearly  expenses  iq   ravor  of 

■v  ,  *825  137 


Fraser  &  Chalmers 

Chicago,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A.,  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London. 

Works  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A. 
and  Erith,  Kent,  England. 

Branch  Offices: 

2  Wall  St.,  New  York. 

City  of  Mexico,  Mexico. 

Helena,  Montana. 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colorado. 


RLfiSKf.  ^■"^££C&Jl> *°  ■    '..■: 

lOtydu  c&>«'  CJ&.6I  July  3>st. 

William  J.  Chalmers  Esqr. 

Pras.   Fraser  &  Chalmers. 

Chicago.       111. 


'<*». 


Mining  and  Ore-Treating  Machinery 
of  every  description,  Huntington  Cen- 
trifugal Roller  Mills,  Riedler  Pumping 
Engines  and  Air  Compressors,  Corliss 
Engines,  Boilers,  etc 


Dear  Sir:- 

Your  letuor  of  July  7th.    is  duly  reoeived. 

In  regard   to  your  enquiry  regarding  our  Riedler  Compre- 
ssor, supplied  by  your  Coy, over  eight  months  ago,  I  must  say, that 
the  Compressor  is  giving  excellent  results, and  every   satisfaction, 
while   running  either  by  steam.or  water  power. 

During  the  last  twelve  years, I  have   seen  spKnafcgct.ard 
have  operated, many  different  makes  of  air  Compressors, including 
the  Eclipse, Reliance, Burlei^i, National, Rix,&  Firth, I nger soil 
Sargent, etc. etc. and    in  no  instance, have  any  of  the  above  given  the 
results  of  the  Riedler.     Therefore,!  have   no  hesitation  in  saying 
that  tne  Riedler, is  the   best, and  most  economical  Compressor  on  the 
market  today.     We  have  made  comparitive  tests  here, of  the   Ingersol 
Sargent, aid  Riedler.which  show, greatly  in  favour  of  the  Fiedler. 
Vours  very  truly. 


C^^™-/1 


&//- 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


-MANUFACTURERS    OP- 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required, 


♦♦♦  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦» 
OFFICE    AND    WORKS:       34     and     3*5    main     Street,     San     Francisco,    Cal. 


High  Ore.  1200;  Anaconda,  1200;  St. 
Lawrence,  1100;  Mountain  View,  1100; 
Silver  Bow  No.  1,  1100;  and  the  Green 
Mountain,  1000. 

A  Word  of  Caution. 


The  necessity  of  keeping  close  watch 
over  mining  claims  and  of  taking  all  the 
required  legal  steps  to  perfect  title  has 
been  shown  in  the  Coulterville.  district  1 
lately.  In  one  instance  a  mine  (pat- 
ented, we  believe),  upon  which  a  mill  j 
was  in  operation,  was  jumped,  and 
several  instances  are  reported  where 
claims  have  been  "appropriated." 
There  are  men  who  will  resort  to  al-  ' 
most  any  means  to  secure  desirable 
claims;  and  even  though  their  efforts 
do  not  win,  the  owners  are  put  to  con- 
siderable expense.  A  claim  is  never  | 
safe  until  it  is  patented;  and  if  a  claim 
is  worth  holding,  it  is  certainly  worth 
patenting.  It  is  a  matter  of  neglect 
with  most  men  that  they  have  not  se- 
cured patents,  but  it  is  liable  to  pi'ove 
a  dangerous  oversight.  Now  that  so 
many  new  men  are  in  the  county,  the 
likelihood  of  trouble  from  this  source  is 
increased.  It  will  prove  the  part  of 
wisdom  for  every  man  who  has  a  good 
mine  to  secure  a  patent  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible.— Mariposa  Gazette. 


P.  &  B.  PAINT. 

dtt  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  p™Af  *-- 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS  and   Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F>.  Sc  B.  ROOFIING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  »ii2«S2J!«*5^ 


The  State  Gas  Inspector  of  Indiana 
reports  that  the  natural  gas  supply  of 
that  State  will  be  exhausted,  in  less 
than  four  years.  He  further  estimates 
that  at  least  $25,000,000  worth  of  gas 
has  been  wasted  in  Indiana. 


The  weight  of  fir   spars   per   square 
foot  is  three  and  one-third  pounds. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling;,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  YorK,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnoek  Building Chicago 

Iahpemlng Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado830.... City  of  Mexico 


62 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


January  26,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  34,  1895, 

With  the  exception  of  a  2%-cent  advance  in 
lead,  there  was  no  change  in  the  markets  of 
the  week. 

New  York  Metal  Market, 

New  Yoke,  Jan.  24.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@13.50c. 

COPPER— Brokers',  10c;  exchange,  9.85c. 

LEAD— Brokers-,  33.02% ;  exchange,  88.12%. 

TIN -Straits,  13.80c;  plates, c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  S3.25. 

New  York  Prices. 
New  Yohk,  Jan.  24.— Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week: 

, — Silver  in ■ 

London.    N.  Y. 
Friday 27X 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compilrd  Errry  Thursday  from  Advertisements  In  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  Sun  Feaiicisc"  . 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Company  and  Location.          No.    Amt.        LevTed,  Dclineft  and  s  tie.  Secretary. 

Bullion  M  Co,  Nev 44.  "    '     '    ""   "' 


59& 
59  ft 


Copper. 
9  75 
9  90 


Lead. 
300 
3  05 


.10c. ...Jan  21, Feb  26,  Mar  21 R  R  Grayson.  331  Pine 

,5o — Dec    11,  Jan   16,  Feb  15 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

.30c....Jan     9,  Feb  13,  Mar    6 ..A  S  Groth,  414  California 

,10c....Jan   15,  Feb  16,  Mar  11  A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..15o....  Jan    8,  Feb   28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

15c.  ..Jan    17,Feb   19,  Mar  12 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..10c. ..Jan  21,  Mar    6,April5 W  W  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

25c. ..Dec     5,Jan     8,  Jan  29 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

25c...  Dec    10,  Jan    14,  Feb    4 R  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

.25c. ...Dec    11,  Jan    14,  Feb    5 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

.  2c...  Dec  31,  Feb    11,  April  3.  .John  H  Isham,  room  33,  Mills  Bldg. 

_  ,vage  M  Co,  Nev ; . . .  .85. .  ..20c — Dec     4,  Jan     7,  Jan  28 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

SierraNevadaSMCo,Nev...l08....25o — Jan   16,Feb  20,  Mar  11 E  L  Parker,  309  Montgomery 

MEETINGS. 
Company  and  Location.  Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

Belcher  S  M  Co,  Nev OL  Perkins,  Mills  Building Jan  29 

Con  M&MCo CE  Elliot,  309  Montgomery Feb    6 


Bulwer  Con  M  Co,  Cal. 

Confidence  S  M  Co,  Nev 

Crescent  M  Co,  Cal 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev — 
Gould  &  Curry  3  M  Co,  Nev. 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 

Mexican  G  &  S  M  Co,  Nev. . . 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada. 

Potosi  M  Co.  Nevada 

ReedM&MCo,  Nev.. 


.10.. 
.25.. 


.  1.. 
.75. 


.64.. 

.43.. 

1. 


I 


RUPTURE! 

T  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia— commonly  called 
rupture — was  Incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  is    both    dangerous 


53% 
59?i 


9  85 


3  02 


—  @  10 

—  @  5H 

—  @  554 

—  @  5 


14 


Saturday Zl% 

Monday 27H 

Tuesday 2756 

Wednesday 2796 

Thursday 2754 

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 17540 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 20o 

London  Bankers'  60  days S4.88SS 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.90 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 5996 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 4954@50 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 
ANTIMONY. 

Per  lb 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots — 

Powdered,         "     — 

Concentrated,  "     — 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20 

Sheathing 21 

Ingot,  jobbing — 

Ingot,  wholesale 13 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 5  25    @  5  50 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00 

STEEL. 

Engllsh.lb 14    @      16 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 17    @     — 

LEAD. 

Pig 

Bar —    (£ 

Sheet —   g 

Pipe —    Co 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  " 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do, 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    (S 

COAL. 

SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington 

Greta ; 

Nanaimo 

GItman 5  75 

Seattle 6  00 

Coos  Bay 5  50 

Cannel.. 8  00 

Egg,  hard 12  50 

Wallsend 7  00 

Scotch  Splint 8  00 

Brymbo 7  50 

West  Hartley 8  50 

TO  ARRIVE — PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @ 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00  @ 

Scotch  Splint 6  50  @ 

Cardiff 650  @ 

Lehigh  Lump 1600  @ 

Cumberland 12  00  @ 

Egg.hard 12  00  @ 

West  Hartley.. 7  00  © 

English,  to  load ' 9  00 

"        spot,  in  bulk 

In  sacks 

Cumberland 9  00 


@16  00 
@18  00 


—  @   3  90 


5  25 
4  75 

.$1  20 
.  1  45 
.  1  45 


.$  7  50 
.  7  50 


10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  24,  1895. 

During  the  week,  for  the  first  time  in  many 
moons,  there  was  a  coincidence  between 
encouraging  mine  reports  and  a  strong  market. 
An  advance  is  noted  in  the  leading  North  End 
stocks.  The  superintendents'  reports,  almost 
without  exception,  show  improvement.  In 
the  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.  work  has  been  resumed  in 
the  newly  discovered  ore  which  is  making 
into  the  old  ground.  Ophir  is  also  reported 
looking  favorable.  Last  week's  efforts  of  the 
shorts  to  depress  prices  were  counteracted. 

In  the  market,  as  in  all  other  similar  enter- 
prises, the  smaller  the  purse  the  less  the 
chance  of  success.  There  is  but  little  use  in 
sitting  into  the  game  on  table  stakes.  The 
man  with  the  shallow  purse  is  no  match  on 
the  street  for  the  capitalist.  "Where  there  is 
a  contest  weight  tells,  and  there  is  always 
a  contest  in  the  stock  market. 

The  Bangkok-Cora-Bell  Mining  Company  of 
Colorado  paid  a  dividend  of  one  cent  per  share, 
amounting  to  S6000,  January  15th.  The  Fore- 
paugh  Mining  Company  of  Colorado  paid  a 
dividend  of  ten  cents  per  share,  amounting  to 
816,000,  January  10th.  The  Mollie  Gibson 
Consolidated  Mining  Company  of  Colorado  has 
declared  a  dividend  of  five  cents  per  share, 
amounting  to  850,000,  payable  January  25th. 

Bullion  valued  at  829,200  has  been"  sent  to 
the  Carson  mint  from  the  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.,  be- 
ing the  final  shipment  for  December,  during 
which  time  there  was  produced  bullion  valued 
at  890,990.40. 

The  bullion  statement  of  the  Con.  Cal.  & 
Va.  for  December  is  as  follows :  Worked  at 
the  Morgan  mill,  2124  tons.  Bullion  produced 
—Silver,  848,7S5.S6;  gold,  842,204.54;  total, 
890,990.40.  Yield  in  bullion  per  ton— Gold 
819.86;  silver,  822.90;  total,  S42.82.  Assay 
value  of  the  ore  per  ton  per  battery  samples- 
Gold,  820.04;  silver,  830.07;  total,  850.13.    As- 


say value  of  the  above  ore  per  ton  per  railroad 
car  samples,  850.71. 

Less  than  1000  shares  of  the  Hale  &  Nor- 
cross  were  delinquent. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 


Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point 

Exchequer 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross... 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Savage 

Sierra  Nevada 

Union 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket 


Assessment  Notices. 


1  70 
16 
49 
47 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  24,  1895. 

9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 


200  Andes 36,200  Mexican  . 

200  Belcher 48  300 


lOUBest  &,  Belcher. 

600 

300  Chollar 

100  C.  C.  V 

900 

100  Crown  Point .... 

350 

150  Gould  &  Curry.. 

150 

50  Hale  &  Norcross 
400 


90 


3  45 
.3  40 
.  53 
,  54 
.  36 
.  34 
.  83 
.     82 


400  Ophir r 

100 

100  Overman 

100  Potosi 

100 

100  Savage 

200 

300  Sierra  Nevada 

■i00  Silver  Hill 

300  Union 55 

100  Yellow  Jacket...    54 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:  30  P.  M, 

250Mexioan 84 

50 85 

200  Overman 15 

650  Ophir 1  55 

2O0  Potosi 45 

100  Savage 43 

400 42 

2-J0  Sierra  Nevada. ...  44 

50 43 

100  Union 52 

200 53 

2*jo  Yellow  Jacket ....  47 


85 


150  Alta 

100 

300  Best  &  Belcher. 

450  Bodie 

100  Belcher 45 

200  Crown  Point 50 

200 

200  Challenge 32 

600  Chollar 

1000  Con  Cal  &  Va....3  25 

100  Exchequer 04 

100  Hale  &  Norcross. .    76 
650 75 


List  of   U.   S.   Patents   for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


GOULD  &  CURRY  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY— 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.;  location  of  works,  Virginia.  Storev 
county,  Nev. 

Notice  1b  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  17th  day  of  January 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  75)  of  fifteen  cents  U5c>  per 
Bhare  was  levied  upon  the  capital  slock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  Immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  t>9,  Nevada  block.  309  Montgomery  street,  Sa"n 
Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  Block  upon  which  thiB  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  lyth  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  13th  day  of  March,  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costB 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  Bv  order  of 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  09,  Nevada  block,  309  Montgomery 
street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


REED  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY-Locatlon 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works,.  Ferguson  Mining  Dis- 
trict, Helene.  Lincoln  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  Slat  day  of  Decem- 
ber, 1894,  an  assessment  (No.  1)  of  two*(2)  cents  pel- 
share,  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  Immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company 
room  33,  tenth  floor,  MillB  Building,  San  Francisco' 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  28th  dav  of  February  1895 
will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction,  and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  3d  day  of  April,  1895 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
cost  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 
^„         „  JOHN  H.  ISHAM.  Secretary. 

Office,    Room    S3,    tenth    floor.  Mills  Building    San 

Francisco,  California. 


to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  80  an<l  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  beeu  umk- 
lng  some  remarkable  cures.  He  causea  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
Is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


BULLION  MINING  COMPANY.-Locatlon  of  prin- 
cipal place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  California 
Location  of  works.  Virginia  district,  Slorev  county 
Nevada.  ■  .  . . 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  21st  day  of  January 
1895.  an  assessment.  (No.  44)  of  10  cents  per  share  was 
sold  ou  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  oT  March.  1895. 
levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corporation 
payable  Immediately  In  United  States  gold  coin  to 
the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company,  Room 
21,  No.  331  Pine  Street.  San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  26th  day  of  February,  1895.  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will  be 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

— R.  R.  GRAYSON,  Secretary. 

Office.  Room  21,  No.  331  Pine  street,  San  Francisco 
California. 


Reported    by   Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacino  Coast. 


FOR  WEEK   ENDING  JANUARY  15,  1895. 

532,742.— Separator— H.  Arden,  Seattle,  Wash. 
532,628.— Hair  Dipper— C.  W.  Babcock,  Portland, 

Or. 
532,527.— Pump— J.  P.  Cahill,  Oakland,  Cal. 
532,663.— Band  SaW  Mill— D.  B.  Hanson,  S.  F. 
532,461.— Surgical  Splint— R.  Hoppe.  S.  F. 
532,703.— Lock— W.  G.  Rex,  Shelton,  Wash. 
532,595.— Current  Wheel— Seivert  &  Young,  Medi- 
cal Lake,  "Wash. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 
(by  mall  for  telegraphic  order).  American  and 
Foreign  patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  busi- 
ness for  Pacific  Coast  inventors  transacted  with 
perfect  security,  at  reasjnable  rates,  and  In  the 
shoi  te3t  possible  time. 


Assessment  Notice. 

DUMBARTON  LAND  AND  IMPROVEMENT  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  principal  place  of  business, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Location  of  works.  In 
the  counties  of  Alameda  and  Santa  Clara,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  22d  day  of  January, 
1895,  an  assessment  iNo.  7)  of  12«  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  im mediately  in  United  Stales  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
No.  214  Pine  street,  room  55,  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  2Sth  day  of  February,  1S95,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  puDllc  auc- 
tion, and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  of  March.  1895.  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

JABEZ  HOWES.  Secretary, 

Office,  Room  55,  214  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


CRESCENT  MINING  COMPANY  —  Location  of 
principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco.  Califor- 
nia; location  of  works.  Mokelumne  Hill.  Calaveras 
County.  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  15th  Day  of  January, 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  ll  of  10  cents  (10e)  per  Bhafe 
was  levied  upon  "the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold  coin 
to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  lie  company  at 
Room  No.  69  Nevada  Block,  No.  ^U9  Montgomery 
street,  San  Frauclscb,  California. 

Any  Btock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  16th  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  MONDAY,  the  11th  day  of  March,  1895,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  No.  09,  Nevada  Block,  No.  309  Mont- 
gomery street,  San  Francisco.  California. 


Mining  Property 

For  Sale. 

t  ^^iSS,16^0111  miniW  property  belonging  to 
J.  r  .  GREGG,  in  the 

Plymouth  Mining  District,  in  Amador 
County, 

On  the  '■  Mother  Lode."  will  be  sold  at  SHERIFF'S 
SALE  to  the  highest  bidder  to  satisfy  a  mortgage 
Sold  at  ..  "•  y 

PUBLIC      JA.  U  CT  I  O  IN   1 

On  COURT  HOUSE  STEPS  in 

Sacramento    City 

ON 

February  2d,  1895. 

This  property   contains   two  hundred  acres  of 

land  and  two  large,  well  denned,  gold  bearing 

quartz  ledges  run  the  entire  length  of  the  property 

°ne  mile  in  length.    ThtTe  is  no  question   about 

the  Mother  Lode  running  through   this  property 

In  faot,  the  Mother  Lode  at  this  noitt  is  very  wide   ' 

'  and  this  property  is  all  "Mother  Lode." 

j      It  adjoins  the  famous   "Plymouth  Consolidated 

|  Mines."    operated  so   many  years  by  Hayward 

[  HobartA  Co.,  from  which  mines  they  took  many 

millions  of  gold.  ' 

Mr.  Gregg  is  the  original  owner  of  this  property 

haviner  lived  on  it  for  upwards  of  forty  years     He 

j  has   been    holding    against    all    propositions  of 

buyet'.s  Imping  to  keep  it  until  he  could  get  a  good 

|  price,  but  the  financial  reverses  of  the  past  two 

I  years  have  forced  bim  to  the  wall,  and  the  prop- 

ery  will  now  be  sold,   in  all  probability,  for  less 

than  its  agricultural  value,  which  he  has  alwavs 

placed  at  $10,000.  ' 

Any  persons  who  may  desire  to  learn  anything 
further  in  regard  to  this  property  would  do  well  to 
address  M.  L.  GREGG,  K>03  Broadway,  Oakland 
C.  A.  HITCHCOCK,  54U  Albion  St  ,  Oakland  J  H 
ROUSE,  420  Ninth  St.,  Oakland,  or  E.  C.  SUINAN' 
East  Oakland. 


•  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

1  10  <&  113  BE  ALE  STREET,  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps,    -f    Steam  Engines. 

.     .     All  Kinds  of  MACHINERY.    . 


INYO  MARBLE  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA.— 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works,  Inyo,  Inyo 
County,  California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  2lst  day  of  January, 
itsyo.  an  assessment  (No.  26)  of  ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  No.  13,  third  Hoar,  Mills  Building,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  f>ih  day  of  March,  lij','5.  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction:  and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  5th  day  of  April.  1895,  to  pay  j 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the  | 
Board  of  Directors. 

W.  W.  SARGEANT,  Secretary.       ; 

Office— Room  13.  third  floor.  Mills  Building.  San  | 
Francisco,  California. 


C/3P 


)  ATE  NTS 


rest  Legal  Advice,    -e.     *    +   + 
'  -f    -f  -f    Best  Patents  Obtained. 

[  DE1A/EY  &  CO. 

220  Market  St., 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


THE 


Roasting  of  Gold  and  Silver  Ores. 

BY  GUIDO  kustel,  m.  e. 
This  rare  book  on  the  treatment  of  gold  and  silver 
ore  without  quicksilver  is  liberally  illustrated 
and  crammed  full  of  facts.  It  gives  Bhort  and  con- 
cise descriptions  of  various  processes  and  appara- 
tus employed  In  thiB  country  aud  in  Europe  and  the 
why  and  wherefore.  It  contains  15H  pages,  embrac- 
ing illustrations  of  furnaces,  supplements  and  work- 
ing apparatus.  It  is  a  work  of  great  merit,  by  an 
author  whose  reputation  is  unsurpassed  In  bis 
specialty.  Price.  S3,  postpaid.  For  Bale  by  THE 
DEWEY  PUBLISHING  CO..  220  Market  St..  San  Fran- 
oiac. 


JUDSON 

Dynamite  and  Powder  Co. 


■  MANUFACTURERS  OP- 


Dynamite  and  Blasting  Powders, 


300  Market  Street,  San  Francisco. 


DIRECTORS—  Alvinza  Hayward,  Jos.  Knowland,  Bartlett  Doe,  C.  S.  Benedict,  Ed.  G.  Lukens  (President). 


Jaiuiaiy  2d,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


63 


Colorado    Mining    Stock    Matters. 

Tlir  mining  stock   transai 
local  and  otherwise,  chronicled  during 
the  |i;i>i  week  have   not    bad  anj  ten 
dency  to  improve  ti«-  situation,  bul    to 
the  contrary  matters    liuw   been    serf 
ously  injured.    A  few  more  unfortunate 

manipulations  like  the  i recentlj  ex 

need  in  Uollie  Gibson  will  soon  dis- 
pel what  little  desire  remains  on  the 
part  .if  the  public  to  purchase  mining 
stocks, 
The  disgi  ro<  eedings  prac- 
tbi  Pharmacist  Co.,  of  w hich 
all  are  unfortunately  too  familiar,  does 
nut  increase  confidence,  and  lias  the 
effeol  "i  disgusting  every  > inter- 
ested in  mining  stock  speculation. 

If  matters  continue  !<■  go  on  in  what 
an-  generally  considered  corrupl  chan- 
nels, minitij.'  ami  everything  connected 
with  it  will  be  looked  upon  with  the  ut- 
Dnost  suspicion,  and  Exchanges  will  be 
considered  Itcensed  institutions  for  the 
protect  iun  of  such  questionable  opera- 
tions. Surely  mining  is  already  looked 
upon  with  enough  suspicion  without 
dings  like  the  present  being  fur- 
ther c  luntehanced. 

I  am  daily  in  receipt  of  communica- 
tions uf  ■  mdemnation  throughout  the 
Ka<t.  and  am  assured  that  oilier 
brokers  are  being  also  flooded  with  let- 
ters of  this  class.  Many  avow  they 
wil.  never  consider  another  Colorado 
mining  investment;  stated  their  ex- 
perience in  listed  stocks  is  more  disas- 
trous than  that  of  the  unlisted,  and  it 
is  utterly  impossible  to  obtain  any  reli- 
able information,  which  is  undoubtedly 
Irue.  as  those  interested  pay  more  at- 
tention In  manipulating  or  otherwise 
scalping  fhe  market  than  to  furnishing 
customers  with  appreciable  facts. 

The  Mollie  Gibson  is  considered  gen- 
erally responsible  for  the  bitter  feeling 
now  existing,  Many  in  a  position  to 
know  assort  that  the  high-grade  ore  is 
exhausted.  It  is  also  claimed  that 
many  of  the  heavy  holders  took  advan- 
tage of  their  prior  knowledge  of  this 
Fact  and  disposed  of  their  holdings, 
thoroughly  ignoring  any  moral  obliga- 
tion one  is  supposed  to  assume  in 
prominently  associating  themselves 
with  a  corporation. 

I  do  not  anticipate  any  renewal  of 
activity  until  people  are  placed  in  a 
position  where  they  can  understand 
matters  more  to  the'ir  satisfaction  and 
on  a  business  basis. 

This  reckless  buying  and  selling  on 
the  part,  of  those  who  should  endeavor 
1o  create  confidence,  regardless  of 
values,  must  cease.  The  market  is 
purely  professional,  and  has  been  for 
many  weeks,  and  will  continue  to  be 
indefinitely  unless  a  reform  of  the  pres- 
ent methods  is  brought  about.  Even 
dividend  payers  are  not  in  good  stand- 
ing and  are  looked  upon  with  distrust. 
This  is  not  strange,  considering  the 
present  outlook.  The  only  redeeming 
point  is  that  most  of  the  properties 
represented  by  the  gold  stocks  are  im- 
proving and  intrinsically  more  valuable 
than  at  any  time  in  their  history.  Very 
respectfully.  F.  H.   Pettingell. 

Colorado  Springs,  Col.,  Jan.  19,  '95. 


BDILER   DIL  INJECTDR5 


7VI  I  IN  I  IN  G 


Progression  Is  the  order  of  the  day. 

Attach  one  of  "LUNKENHEIMER-S"  to  your  boiler  and  you 
will  be  astonished  with  results.  The  only  Injector  made  that  will 
entirely  free  your  boiler  uf  scales 

Practical  In  Construction;  .Simple  in  Operation. 

Pro\  UeJ  with  a.  visible  feed.  Sizes  %  pint  to  1  gallon.  Specify 
and  Insist  on  "LUNKENHEIMER  S"  and  you  will  get  the  best. 
Consult  Dealer.  New  Catalogue  of  Superior  Steam  Specialties, 
gratis  upon  request. 


*  PLACER  AMALGAMATORS  * 

Combined  with  Steam  Shovel  or  Dredge. 

BUCVRUS     SYSTEM. 

NKW  METHOD  OF  PLACER  -MIXING. 

s;iv-n  nil  the  Gold.    L'ses  very  little  Water.    Treats  large  quantities  ;ii  Low  Cosi 

Bujfli  solely  by  ttie 

BUCYRUS  STEAM  SHOVEL  AND  DREDGE  COMPANY, 

South   Milwaukee,   \A/Is.,   U.  S.   f\. 


hh-Iikimi:'  ihuruutfh  I..  -  uica  and 

1  Soud  for  PRE]    i    ..  ,     Rubject 

run i  wish  to  stud)   to  The  CorroMiinndem  .-  School 
ol  utnea,  sorttntim,  p«. 


*  *  PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 
Dredgers, 

Shovels. 


ffi  The  Ideal  Steam  Oil  Refiner 

FOR    STEAM     POWER     PLANTS. 

The  Purity  Oil  Filter 

FOR     WATER     POWER     PLANTS. 

Will  reclaim  your  waste  oil  and  make  it  equal  and  often  better  than  new  oil.    Will  reduce  your  oil 
bins  50  per  cent  and  save  your  bearings.    Iu  use  with  the  largest  and  best  plants  everywhere. 
.For  prices  and  particulars,  address 

O.    /v\.    DOUB,    137  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

OHRO/WE     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  Hie  mining  Slates  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco, 

Special  attention  given  to  Lhe  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 


220  Market  St, 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


Complete  "  Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating 
Con ce titrating  ana  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placet 
ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of 
water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Cold  yield   Insured. 

j      Outfits  include  "  Lancaster"  1895  Land  or  River 

:  Dredges.  Grapples,    Scoops,  Steam    Shovels   and 

Qableways    of  the  most    approved    construction 

Success  guaranteed.      Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 

hourly    aud    upward,    if  required. 

Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 

machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  M.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

37CORTLANDT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


— ♦  THE  4 

Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  .1    F.  KEMP,  A.  13.,  E.  M„  Professor  of  Geology 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 


Second  Edition,  Revised  andiEnlarged,  New 
Illustrations. 


A  practical  review  or  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  PaciHc  coast.  Sent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price.  $4.00.    Address 

Mining:  and  Scientific  Press, 

3SSO  Market  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 


Companion. 


PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pad  tic  Coast  will  ilud  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  aud  trustworthy  associates  and  ageuts  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal Cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  Iu  connection  with  our  scieuiific  aud  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  hive-  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.    The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 

Practice  before  the  Office,  aud  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
etermlning  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  uf  enables*  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St     5  F 


A  Third    Edition  of    Selected   Portion*    of    the 
■■  Kxplorern'.    Miner*'  and  Metal- 
lurgists' Companion." 

By  J.  S.  PHILLIPS.  M.   E. 

A  practical  exposition  of  the  various  departuienta 
of. Geology,  Exploration,  Mining,  Engineering,  As- 
saying mid  Metallurgy. 

3  divided  iulo  lour  parts-  Rocks. Veins. 
^ssaylnv.  The  sreuloyical  chanters  are 
give  miners  a  practical  idea  of  the 
ations.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins 
■om  long  observation,  and  the  section 
n  has  been  carefully  considered..  All 
j  discrimination  and  assay  has  been 
mm  formulas  as  possible.  The  work 
practical  men.  and  all  lhe  explana- 

•I'lptlOna  are  clear  and  to  the  point.  It 
I  that  ii  is  useful  in  uneducated  men 
elitists. 

by   THE  MINING  AND 
rteei  St..  San  Francisco 


I    Te: 


thai  i 

kepi 


Price  fii.lKI  postpaid. 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  ' 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  flachinery 

'""^^i^^For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity. "^B^^*^ 
ELECTRIC     POWER     TRANSMISSIOIN  ! 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  running  every  siation  of  this  chaiacter  in  the  entire   West.    An  experience  of  more   than  12  years  in  planning  and  executing  water  power  plants  affords  assurance  that  all  work 
furnished  will  be  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  the  case,  and  give  the  best  possible  results  under  existing  conditions. 


CATALOGUES  FURNISHED  UPON*  APPLICATION. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


HINE  m  bell  m  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force   in    Accordance 
with  State  Law. 

E^OR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OP  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  IS  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
*^  the  Voorhies  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March  8,  1*93.  The  law  Is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  ot  Mine  Bell  Signals  to  Be  Used  in  All  Mines  Operated  in  the 
State  o(  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Miners."  \\Ie  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  oloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  50  cents  a  copy  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market 
Street.  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


64 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.  -  January  26, 1395. 


RISDON   IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address:     "RISDON'S"    San     Francisco. 

<^sssB»-TlANUFACTURERS    OF-^^ 

Johnston's  Concentrator,       Bry^nJ^UUs, 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  Air  Compressors, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 

The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Established  I860.  Reliance  Works. 

BRANCH    OFFICES:  " 

Crushers,  Hoists, 

San  Francisco.  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

-  j  D.  B.  HANSON,  Manager.  _ 

^  '  Denver,  Col 1316  Eighteenth  Street.  "     ' 

„  W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent.  _ 

"    '  X'ewYorkC'lty 26   Cortlandt  Street.  ' 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

JlgS-  Chicago,  111 509  Home  Ins.  Building.         COmpreSSOrS, 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

wOnCCITiraCOrS,  Minneapolis.  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange.         tSOlIciS, 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 

Screens,  Etc.,  Etc. 

Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 

MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 
HAVE   YOU   A   MINE?     If  so  do  not  fail  to  see 

Parke  &  Lacy  Co.'s  Stock  of 

MINING  MACHINERY 

-^W  SOLD  AT  LOW  PRICES.  TP"— 

21  and  23  F*remont  Street,         ...  -  -  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

NoiipEjrpooLpjniNBiwi  Justinian  Caire,Aa. 

Silver -Plater  Amalgamated  Plates   "'■«»««*^«». 


-DEALER  IN- 


F(^  Saving  Gold  Assayers'  and— 

EL  OR  PLACER /5^:S.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER.  m«  •        •  rvw  • 

•-at  r^uced  prices. «-■  Mining  Jiatenal. 


IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  ->-^S 


Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  expert    ,  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 

replated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THTO      iNDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED.  MANUFACTURER  OF 

San  Francfco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works  ™Y  SCR™  m  ™ CL0TH 

__ J  ^««__  AGENT  FOR 

^     inrTTT7WrtT-'*'  Incorporated.  •"'fi^TTTmiw 

send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces 


Union    Iron  Works, 

CORNER    FIRST    AND    MISSION    STREETS,         -  -  =  -  SAN     FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

mflNUFACTURERS      OF 

MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  mills, 

Wlanty  Chili  Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  U/ater  Wheel, 

PUmPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead  Furnaces,        /\11  Classes  of  marine  Work. 

>«222^>SHIP  BUILDERS.     *;     BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *.    HYDRAULIC  LIFT  D0CK.<^ss*^ 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     1-4S  QROAD\A/.f\-V.  CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UMON," 


VOL.!  MIC    I. XX. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  2,  1895. 


TIIKKK    1)1)1,1  AUS    l'i:it    ANNUM' 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


Edison   Light  and   Power  Co. 


The  accompanying  illustration  is  of  our  of  four 
'  similar  mammoth  electric  generators  in  use  iu  the 
Station  of  the  Edison  Light  and  1'ower  Co.  on 
Stevenson  street,  this  city.  It  is  from  a  photograph 
tal  en  by  Mr.  I'.  E,  Smith,  the  company's  chief  elec- 
trician, an  amateur  photograper  of  no  ordinary  abil- 
ity, whose  daily  duty  and  delight  it  is  to  oversee  the 
Workings  of  the  company's  huge  plant. 

The  company  is  now  engaged  in  changing  its  sys- 
tem from  overhead  to  un- 
derground distribution,  ex- 
perience and  observation 
showing  that  the  latter 
possesses  points  of  superi- 
orly justifying  its  adop- 
tion. 

The  principal  advantages 
claimed  for  the  under- 
ground as  against  the 
overhead  distribution  of 
current  for  light,  heat  and 
power  arc  as  follows  :  As 
all  conductors  arc  beneath 

the  surface  they  ca >t  be 

interfered  with  by  other 
wires,  neither  do  they  be- 
come disabled  from  the  ac- 
tion of  storms  or  burning 
buildings.  Unlike  the 
overhead  .system  in  which 
each  dynamo  operates  its 
own  individual  circuit, 
thereby  making  the)  ser- 
vice dependent  upon  a 
single  machine,  the  under- 
ground system  has  only 
o lircuit,  which  is  sup- 
plied by  as  many  machines 
as  the  service  demands, 
when  in  the  event  of  one 
unit  becoming  disabled  it 
is  thrown  out  and  the  re- 
maining ones  carry  on  the 
work  uninterruptedly.  In 
the  overhead  system,  when 

a  machine  becomes  disabled  it  becomes  necessary 
to  momentarily  interrupt  the  service  while  the 
transfer  is  being  made. 

All  mains  are  connected  together  at  street  cross- 
ings, thereby  forming  a  network  similar  to  that 
formed  by  a  coarse  mesh  wire  screen,  and  this  net- 
work supplied  by  feeders  which  furnish  current  to 
the  intersections  of  the  mains,  permits  of  an  elec- 
trical supply  which  would  be  difficult  to  interrupt, 
for  the  reason  that  if  an  accident  should  occur  at  one 
point,  it  would  simply  prevent  current  from  Mowing 
in  at  the  disabled  point  but  would  not  interrupt  the 
service,  as  the  current  would  still  be.  supplied  from 
the  remaining  feeding  points.  With  the  overhead 
system  an  interruption  at  any  point  on  a  circuit 
causes  an  interruption  over  the  entire  circuit. 

The  company  has  a  splendid  equipment,  and  is  a 
prominent  factor  in  the  electrical  progress  of  the 
city. 

When  a  great  mine  has  passed  its  usefulness  as  a 
stock  scheme,  it  is  given  over  to  the  "leasers'." 
These-  men  usually .  enrich  themselves  by  working 
ground-in  which  the  great  corporation  could  find,  no 
paying  ore.     The   professional  "leaser"  is    always 


eager  to  get  possession  of  "exhausted"  mines.  He 
is  the  gleaner  of  the  field  alter  the  harvesters  have 
removed  the  crop,  and  it  is  often  an  easy  matter  for 
him  to  clean  up  a  reasonable  fortune  from  abandoned 
drifts  and  stopes. 


In  these  days  of  gold  linds  it  is  worthy  of  note  that 
thirty  years  ago  some,  thought  that  the  area  on  this 
coast  suitable  for  prospecting  was  exhausted. 
Twenty  years  ago  men  said  that  the  prospecting 
area  was  so  circumscribed  that  in  a  few  years   there 


What  Recognized   as  Minerals. 


ELECTRIC    GENERATOR    OF    THE    EDISON    LIGHT    AND    POWER    COMPANY. 


would  be  no  new  developments.  Ten  years  ago  many 
regions  were  declared  "no  good"  that  now  show 
flattering  prospects.  While  cheaper  and  improved 
appliances  have  much  to  do  with  the  increased  out- 
put of  '94,  it  is  manifest  that  suitable  prospecting 
ground  has  not  been  exhausted  and  that  new  finds 
will  be  as  plentiful  in  the  sunrise  of  the  twentieth 
as  they  are  in  the  twilight  of  the  nineteenth 
century. 

Senator  Stewart,  of  Nevada,  may  be  a  "friend  of 
the  people,"  but  he  effectually  succeeds  in  disguising 
his  feelings  by  promptly  and  continually  opposing 
everything  calculated  to  aid  their  interests.  Even 
when  the  vote  on  the  Nicaragua  bill  was  taken  last 
Saturday  the.Nevada  Senator  refused  to  vote  for  the 
measure. 

Mrs.  A.  R;  Garrison  is  one  of  the  few  women  in 
California  who  follow  the  profession  of  mining.  She 
has  discovered  some  new  prospects  in  the  Panamint 
Range,  fifty  miles  from  Red  Rock,  and  says  she  will 
build  a  ten-stamp  mill  as  soon  as  the  weather  per- 
mits at  Rasper  Canyon,  the  name  of  the  new  mining 
camp, 


An  account  appeared  in  last  week's  Press  of  the 
location  of  a  pumice  mine  in  Utah,  and  the  fact  was 
noted  that  the  local  land  office  officials  could  find  no 
law  to  cover  the  entry  when  the  locator  tried  to  file 
his  papers.  The  circumstance  has  given  rise  to  a 
discussion  as  to  what  are  minerals:  what  do  the  min- 
ing laws  recognize  as  such  ? 

In  its  most  comprehensive  sense  the  term  "min- 
eral" includes  all  inorganic  substances  having  a 
definite-  chemical  composi- 
tion: so  applied,  all  of.  the 
public  lands  of  the  United 
States  would  come  under 
the  mining  act  as  vide  the 
wording  of  Sec.  2318,.  Re- 
vised Statutes  of  the  Unit- 
ed States.  But  the  .  evi- 
dent meaning  of  the.  act  is 
of  course  to  include  only 
such  lands  as  contain  de- 
posits of  metals  and  other 
substances  giving  the  land 
a  special  value.  Discus- 
sion occasioned  the  gov 
eminent  interpretation  of 
that  matter  as  follows: 
"That  whatever  is  recog- 
nized as  a  mineral  by'  the 
standard  authorities  on  the 
subject,  where  the  same  is 
found  in  quality  and  quan- 
tity to  render  the  land 
sought  to  be  patented  to 
be  more  valuable  on  this 
account  than  for  purposes 
of  agriculture,  shall  be 
treated  as  coming  within 
the  purview  of  the  Mining 
Act  of  May  10,  1872." 

It  goes  without  saying 
that  the  well  known 
metals  are  included;  dia- 
mond-producing land  may 
be  patented  under  the  min- 
ing laws;  borax,  nitrate  of 
soda,  carbonate  of  soda,  sulphur,  alum  and  asphalt, 
also.  The  General  Land  Office  has  decided  in  enter- 
ing a  borax  claim  the  proceedings  shall  be  as  in  the 
case  of  placer  claims.  As  cinnabar  and  copper  are 
found  in  "  rock  in  place,"  lands  containing  them  must 
patented  as  lode  claims.  Gypsum  is  not  a  mineral  be 
within  the  meaning  of  the  Mining  Act.  Iron  lands 
may  be  patented  under  that  act;  so,  also,  kaolin 
(porcelain  clay).  Limestoue,  marble  deposits  are 
not  considered  mineral  lands,  and  such  lands  can  he 
bought  only  under  the  timber  and  stone  act  of  June 
:•!,  1878.  Mica,  petroleum,  slate  and  sulphur  are 
locatable  under  the  mining  laws;  likewise  paint  stone, 
oil  and  fire  clay.  Saline  lands  are  sold  under  a 
special  act  of  Congress  of  January  12,  1877,  which 
does  not  apply  to  California.  The  General  Land 
Office  has  decided  salt  as  a  mineral,  and  lands  con- 
taining salt  deposits  have  been  excepted  from  rail- 
road grants  in  Nevada.  Asbestos,  plumbago,  man- 
ganese, etc.,  are  held  to  be  within  the  meaning  of 
the  Mining  Act. 


Practical  mining  ■  superintendents  say  that- in 
every-day  use  one  ton  of  coal  is  equal  to  about  one 
and  three-fourths  cords  of  wood. 


6ti 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


.February  2,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Vo    '  "  Market  Street,  2/orthaat  Vomer  Front,  San  Francisco. 
Vg-  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 

Annua]  Subscription ^  °° 

Our  Uilcst  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 

Chicago  Office CHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 

Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postofflce  as  second-class  mall  matter. 
I.  K.  HALUIRIS General  Manager 

San  Francisco,  February  2,  1895. 

TABLE    OF    CONTEXTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  —Electric  Generator  ot  the  Edispn  Light  and 
Power  Company,  65.  Scene  ou  the  Railway  in  the  California 
Mountains;  A  Mountain  Gorge  in  Its  Snow  Mantle,  69. 

EDITORIALS.— Edison  Light  and  Power  Co. :  What  Recognized  as 
Minerals:  Miscellaneous,  65.  The  Mineral  Lands;  Miscellane- 
ous, 66.  „, 

CORRESPONDENCE.—  The  IT.  S.  Geological  Survey;  From  Placer 
County;  Reporting  on  Mines:  In  the  Jicarillas,  68.  Some  Prac- 
tical Results,  70. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Economy  Through  Thermal  Storage; 
The  Electric  Incandescent  Lamp;  A  New  Electric  Process,  72. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Value  of  Mechanical  Skill;  Elec- 
trio  Power  in  Manufacturing  Establishments:   Miscellaneous,  73. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS— What  Is  Electricity »  Tesla's  "Os- 
cillator;" Recent  Tests  of  the  Telautograph,  76. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  74. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market:  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  78. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Obituary:  Concentrates:  Personal,  67.  The 
Removal  of  Clay  from  Iron  Ores ;  Gold  Mining  in  the  Transvaal; 
On  the  California  Mountains.  69.  Public  Expenditures:  Some 
Commendatory  Notices:  Geographical  Society  of  the  Pacific,  70. 
The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons,  71.  Coast  Industrial  Notes,  75.  The 
Whirl  of  Fortune's  Wheel:  The  Inventor;  A  Year's  Quicksilver 
Product.  77.    Recent  Patents,  78.    Steadily  Sinking.  79. 


The  highest  and  lowest  laud  in  the  United  States — 
Mt.  Whitney  and  Death  Valley — are  within  fifty 
miles  of  each  other  in  San  Bernardino  Co.,  Cal. 


From  every  part  of  the  coast  comes  news  of  un- 
precedented snow  and  rainfall.  While  this  works 
present  discomfort  and  in  some  cases  considerable 
loss,  it  insures  abundant  water  supply  for  next  sea- 
son's mining  operations. 

Several  other  commonwealths  are  competing  witii 
California  for  the  prestige  of  being  the  greatest  gold- 
producing  area.  Meanwhile  California's  Legislature 
has  before  it  a  proposition  to  throttle  the  only  one 
public  institution  representative  of  California's 
mines — the  State  Mining  Bureau. 

Elsewhere  Mr.  M.  B.  Kerr  has. some  remarks  on 
the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  and  its  self-constituted 
censors,  who  appear  actuated  by  hostility  more  than 
justice.  The  whole  matter  indicates  that  the 
assumption  of  impartial  criticism  on  the  part  of  the 
Survey's  enemies  (through  business  reasons)  but 
thinly  veils  the  motives  of  the  attack,  ami  that  it  is 
less  a  desire  for  the  public  good  than  an  effort  to 
dragoon  the  department  into  a  cessation  of  lines  of 
work  that  brings  that  part  of  the  public  service  in 
collision  with  private  commercial  interests.  This  is 
well  understood,  and  discounts  the  force  of  the  in- 
terested attack  ou  that  department. 


The  proposition  that  a  perverted  idea  of  "econ- 
omy "  has  introduced  into  the  Legislature  to 
close  up  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  is  an  utterly  de- 
fenseless proposition.  There  is  no  "economy'' 
about  it.  It  looks  more  like  a  deplorable  piece  of 
petty,  sectional  spite  work  than  any  public  measure 
that  can  be  dignified  by  the  title  of  State  legislation. 
To  do  away  with  the  museum's  present  location;  to 
transfer  it  elsewhere,  unless  such  transfer  made  it 
even  more  centrally  located  than  it  is  now,  would  be 
to  destroy  its  usefulness.  Its  good  is  in  direct  pro- 
portion to  its  ease  of  access.  To  turn  the  operations 
of  the  Bureau — its  great  and  growing,  inside  and  out- 
side work — over  to  any  other  institution  as  an  ap- 
pendage, would  be  fatal  to  the  Bureau's  usefulness 
and  would  not  save  the  State  a  dollar;  rather  in- 
creasing the  expense  while  destroying  its  value. 
The  Bureau  is  now  finely  officered,  thoroughly  organ- 
ized and  doing  daily  necessary  work  that  otherwise 
must  go  undone,  to  the  State's  detriment.  Trans- 
planting it  into  different  soil  would  be  to  defer  if  not 
wholly  destroy  any  promise  of  further  vitality.  A 
homely  adage  says:  "  Let  well  enough  alone. "  It  is 
a  good  one  to  observe  iu  this  instance. 


Washington  is  trying  to  create  a  State  Mining 
Bureau.  Idaho,  Colorado,  Montana  and  British 
Columbia  are  making  similar  effort.  Those  common- 
wealths realize  what  grand  aid  a  properly  conducted 


mining  bureau  can  be  in  the  development  of  the  min- 
ing industry.  This  is  an  age  of  emulation,  of  com- 
petition, and  the  rule  holds  good  in  the  exhibition  of 
a  State's  mineral  resources  as  in  other  developments 
of  natural  wealth.  California  has  an  efficient  State 
Mining  Bureau,  which  has  done  and  is  doing  good 
work  in  the  development  and  proper  representation 
of  that  great  industry.  A  few  narrow-minded  men 
who  are  at  present  in  the  Legislature  at  Sacramento 
have  conceived  the  idea  that  it  would  be  "economy" 
to  do  away  with  the  Cal.  State  Mining  Bureau, 
and  virtually  leave  the  State  without  such  a  neces- 
sary institution,  and  just  at  the  time  when  our  sister 
commonwealths,  with  clever  understanding  of  the 
situation  and  its  requirements,  are  severally  creating 
State  mining  bureaus.  The  situation  does  not  ap- 
pear to  require  extended  comment.  The  facts  are 
plain  to  any  one  who  cares  to  recognize  them.  It  is 
folly  to  seriously  entertain  such  a  proposition  as  that 
introduced  by  State  Senator  Langford  of  San 
Joaquin.  No  severer  injury  to  the  State  could  be 
devised  than  the  passage  of  such  a  bill,  and  we  have 
sufficient  faith  in  the  common  sense  of  the  Legis- 
lature and  its  devotion  to  the  interests  of  the  great 
State  its  members  represent,  to  believe  that  such  an 
unwise  measure  will  prevail. 

Purely  as  a  matter   of   "economy";  in   the   high 
interests   of    "retrenchment"   and    "reform,"  it  is 
proposed  by   legislative   enactment   to   turn   every- 
thing in  connection  with   the   State   Mining   Bureau 
over    to    the   University  of    California.      It   is   not 
denied  (for  it  cannot   be)   that   the   Bureau  is   well 
managed:  that  it  is  a  necessary  institution  of  great 
public  benefit;  that  there  is  no  complaint  from   any 
part  of  the  State,  it  being  universally  recognized  that 
the  Bureau  is  under   intelligent  and   energetic  direc- 
tion.   The  matter  is  solely  one  of  "  economy."    There 
is  no   spite   work   nor  effort   to   injure   the   mining 
industry.     It  is  just  "  economy,"  pure  and  undefiled. 
The  State  University,    to   which   zealous  legislative 
economists  wish  to  give  the  Bureau,  has  a  College  of 
Agriculture,  which,   like   any   other   public   institu- 
tion, is  supported  by   public   taxation.     There  are 
four  professors,   two  "  instructors,"  six  "foremen," 
and  so  on.     The  salary  list   alone  aggregates  $22,760 
per  annum.     The   "experiment"   department   cost, 
last  year,  $14,579  more;   that   is  an  annual   cost   of 
over  $37,000  in  that  one   department   of   University 
work.     This  agricultural  college  has   been   in    oper- 
ation since  1S73.     In    those   twenty-two  years  it  has 
graduated    twenty-four   students;  of   these  twenty- 
four -eight  are  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits.     It 
may  seem  a  little  extravagant  to  spend  over   $37,000 
a  year  public  money  in  graduating  one-third   of   one 
college  farmer   every  year  and   conducting   experi- 
ment stations;    indeed,    people,    miners  for  instance, 
who  don't    understand    that    kind   of    "economy," 
might  think  that  this  was   a  very  extravagant   way 
of  manufacturing  college   farmers,    and   might   also 
think  that  the  interests  of    "  economy "  will    not   be 
subserved  by  turning  over  the  mining  interests   of 
the  greatest  mining  State  in  the  Union   to   the  Uni- 
versity,   where  it  costs  $37,000  per   annum   to   run 
the     Agricultural     College     and     the     experiment 
stations,  etc.     True,  miners  and  others  can  point  to 
the  great  work   being  done  by   the   Bureau;    to   its 
active  intelligence  in  mining  affairs;  to  the  thousauds 
of  up-to-date  publications  it  issues;  the  thousands  of 
inquiries   answered;   the   hundreds  of   thousands   of 
dollars  annually  attracted  to  California   for   invest- 
ment, and  ask  if  it,  is  possible  that  anywhere,  except 
in  the  iucurable   ward   of    an    insane   asylum,    could 
originate  such  a  proposition  as  that  now  put  forward 
by  Senator   Langford   of  San   Joaquin.       But   those 
who  question  the   financial  wisdom   of   the   proposed 
change  don't  understand  "  economy  ";   they   are  not 
up  in  "retrenchment"  and  "reform."  -, 

In  the  Langford.    et   al.,    dictionary,   "Economy" 
(with  a  big  E)  may  be  thus  defined: 


the  University  is  not  seeking  the  proposed  addition, 
and  is  iu  no  sense  a  party  to  the  controversy.  The 
issue  is  a'  plain  one.  In  the  interests  of  the  miners, 
manufacturers  and  mining  interests  of  California  the 
Press  maintains  that,  viewed  in  any  light,  it  would 
be  a  business  mistake  to  seriously  entertain  Senator 
Langford's  proposition,  and  it  is  evident  hjs  bill  is 
not  in  the  interests  of  "economy,"  or  "  retrench- 
ment," or  "reform.  "  Senator  Langford  has  the 
floor. 

The  JTineral  Lands. 


memia   (Political).    An  opportunity  to 
A  biennial  chance  to  hurt  the  State. 


Economy,    noun ;    tec 
show  how  not  to  do  it. 

No  reflection  is  intended  upon  the  University  nor 

any  part  of  its  management  nor  the  distribution  of 

its  funds.     The  able  gentlemen  in  that  institution  of 

learning  are  above  praise  and  beyond  criticism.    But 

now  that  "economy"   is   urged   as   a   plea  for   the 

transfer  of  the  Bureau  it   may   in   all  humility   be 


asked,  "  Where  does  the  '  economy  '  come  in  ?  ' 


It 


is  but  just  to  add  that   the   Press  understands  that 


The  fight  of  the  Cal.  State  Miners'  Association 
against  the  absorption  of  the  mineral  lands  of  the 
State  by; the  railroad  companies  continues  to  be 
pushed  by  the  committee  in  charge  of  the  work  in 
this  city.  It  is  a  matter  of  public  concern,  since 
whatever  affects  the  miners  of  the  State  affects  the 
material  interests  ot  the  commonwealth.  It  is  un- 
fortunate -that  the  committee  is  hampered  in  its 
efforts  by  the  apathy  or  hostility  of  the  Land  De- 
partment officials  at  Washington,  and  the  lack  of 
necessary  funds,  which  can  only  be  obtained  by  gen- 
eral contribution,  and  concerning  which  an  urgent 
request  was  recently  published. 

So  far  as  possible  the  committee  is  overcoming  the 
difficulties  in  its  way,  and  reports  favorable  prog- 
ress. When  it  was  learned  that  the  agent  of  the 
Cal.  State  Miners'  Association  was  denied  access  to 
the  Land-Office  lists  of  lands  selected  by  the  railroad 
company,  a  protest  was  at  once  filed  with  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior  against  such  action  on  the  part 
of  the  General  Land  Office  Commissioner,  and  a  re- 
quest made  that  the  Commissioner  be  instructed  to 
comply  with  the  just  requirement  of  the  Associa- 
tion's agent,  inasmuch  as  the  Commissioner  had 
plainly  exceeded  his  power.  It  is  understood  that 
the  Secretary  has  acted  favorably  upon  the  protest. 

During  the  week  the  House  Committee  has  re- 
ported favorably  ou  the  amended  California  Mineral 
Land  Classification  bill  and  on  the  following  resolu- 
tion which  had  been  introduced  in  the  Senate  and 
House: 

Be  it  rexoleeel  hit  the  Senate  [or  House  of  Bapresentabives]  of  (tie 
United  States,  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  be,  and  he  is 
hereby,  requested  to  suspend  all  action  looking"  to  the  approval 
of  selections  and  patenting  to  any  railroad  company  of  any 
lands  selected  under  and  by  virtue  of  the  provisions  of  the 
rules  and  regulations  issued  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
under  date  of  July  9th,  1S94,  until  such  time  as  Congress  may 
dispose  of  H.  R.  3476  now  pending  before  the  Senate  and 
finally  settle  the  questiou  of  granted  lands. 

H.  R.  3476  applies  only  to  Idaho  and  Montana.  H. 
R.  8551  applies  to  this  State,  and  effort  is  now  mak- 
ing to  secure  a  favorable  report  on  it  also.  The  com- 
mittee to  whom  it  was  referred  has  favorably  re- 
ported the  bill,  directing  the  Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ury to  classify  as  soon  as  possible  all  unpatented 
lands  in  this  State  within  the  grants  of  the  Union 
Pacific. 

At  present,  Congress  in  both  Houses  is  favor- 
able to  the  protection  of  the  mineral  land  to  the 
miners;  the  Interior  Department  is  indifferent,  and 
the  Land  Office  is  hostile  to  their  cause  and  in  ap- 
parent league  with  the  railroad  officials  who  are  try- 
ing to  succeed  in  securing  the  lands  before  publicity 
can  arouse  or  Congressional  action  prevent  such  ac- 
quisition. With  one  exception,  the  California  Con- 
gressional delegation  is  doing  good  work  for  the 
State  in  this  matter.  Congressman  Geary's  actions 
in  this  regard  may  be  susceptible  of  explanation,  but. 
appearances  are  against  him. 

This  whole  matter  is  of  great  importance  to  the 
entire  State.  The  railroad  people  are  rushing  every- 
thing to  head  off  defeat;  they  ai'e  backed  up  by  tin? 
Land  Office  and  have  so  far  controlled  the  situation. 
In  this  there  is  no  attempt  at  blame  or  bias;  it  is 
the  simple  statement  of  a  fact.  The  question  at 
issue  now  is,  Shall  the  railway  or  the  State  have 
title  to  the  7,000,000  acres  of  unpatented  mineral 
land  iu  the  State  railroad  grants  '? 

The  answer  should  be  "  the  State."  That  was  the 
answer  of  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court  last  May,  but 
since  then  the  Land  Department  has  changed  the 
rules  and  regulations  which  justified  such  interpreta- 
tion by  the  highest  legal  tribunal  on  earth,  and  so 
given  opportunity  for  the  present  question  to  be 
raised. 

The  committee  in  charge  of  this  matter  is  cham- 
pioning the  miner  iu  the  case  of  the  Commonwealth 
vs.  the  Corporation,  and  deserves  public  sympathy 
and  substantial  support. 


February  2,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Concentrates. 


Tut  Keystone  mill,  Amador,  is  being  rebuilt. 

Tde  Utah  independent  smelter  project  has  collapsed. 

TiiEKedlands  Mining  Co.  is  running  the  Riley  mill  at  Pau- 
umint,  Cal. 

Salt  Lake,  Utah,  men  have  bought  the  North  Calder,  Or., 
copper  mines. 

The  minors  at  the  Meears  mine,  Utah,  are  accepting  stock 
in  lieu  of  money  for  wages. 

Neaki-v  $loou  is  being  daily  taken  from  the  Uncle  Sam  mine, 
thirty  miles  from  Redding. 

A  tk\  -i  ww  mill  is  linished  at  Sterling,  Nye  Co..  Nov., 
and  begins  work  thla  week. 

Tut  American  Cyanide  Gold  and  Silver  Recovery  Co.  Is  a 
new  Denver,  Col.,  corporation. 

Si  ■  KM  « trass  Valley  miners  have  leased  the  Wisconsin  mine 
from  Lake  nan  &  Co.  for  two  years. 

ROSSLAITO,  B.  C,  is  the  new  Mecca  of  tho  miners  along  the 
northeastern  Washington  frontier. 

Tut-  tlve-foot  Huntingtou  mill  at  the  Breyfogle  mine, 
Brye  Co.,  Nev.,  reports  good  results. 

The  Diamond  Hill  gold  mine,  in  St.  Louis  gulch,  Montana, 
will  have  a  new  40-stamp  mill  in  April. 

Tin;  capacity  of  tho  concentrator  at  the  Golden  Sunlight 
mine,  near  Whitehall,  Montana,  is  to  be  doubled. 

Tue  excess  of  gold  aud  silver  export  over  import  for  the 
year  1898  was  140,407,160;  for  1S94  it  was  $110,841, 277. 

The  Anaconda  company  will  begin  next  month  the  erection 
of  a  refinery,  etc.,  at  Great  Palls,  Montana,  to  cost  $2,000,000. 

In  '94  South  Dakota  produced  *0,000,000  of  goldv  and  it  is 
reasonably  expected  that  its  gold  mines  will  this  year  yield 
$ti  .  kh»,0O0." 

A  lAitTY  of  Poles  from  Chicago  are  working  the  Original 
Quartz  Hill  in  Shasta  Co. ;  a  twelve-stamp  mill  close  by  is  kept 
busy  at  a  profit. 

The  Journal  says  that  the  new  couuty  proposed  to  be  formed 
to  include  the  Cripple  Creek,  Col.,  mining  district,  will  be 
called  Oro  county. 

A  strong  company  has  been  organized  to  work  400  acres  of 
placer  ground  near  Blue  Lakes  in  Idaho,  about  twenty-five 
miles  from  Shoshone. 

It  is  now  credibly  reported  that  the  sale  of  the  Iron 
Mountain  mine,  in  Shasta  Co.,  is  a  fixed  fact.  The  price  is 
stated  to  be  *200,000. 

The  Good  Hope  Mining  Co.  vs.  David  Jones  case  will,  it  is 
thought,  be  compromised.  The  company  has  a  standing  offer 
of  $00,000  for  the  mine. 

A  U.  S.  patent  to  the  O.  &  C.  R.  R.  Co.,  embracing  227,049 
acres  of  land  in  southern  Oregon,  was  received  at  the  Rose- 
burg  U.  S.  Land  Office  last  week. 

TnE  Klamath  river  correspondent  of  the  Yreka  Journal  re- 
ports the  discovery  by  four  miners  of  "a  great  asbestos  mine" 
opposite  the  mouth  of  Bark-House  creek. 

At  the  office  of  the  South  Yuba  Co.,  reports  have  come  in 
that  the  break  in  the  ditch  which  supplies  many  of  the  Grass 
Valley  mines  with  water  is  fully  repaired. 

New  Mexico's  mineral  output  for  1894  has  not  been  officially 
announced,  but  reliable  data  show;  Gold,  SI, 500,000;  silver, 
1,250,000  ozs. ;  lead,  $80,000;  copper,  $50,000. 

John  Lang  has  sold  a  one-half  interest  in  the  Lost  Horse 
mine,  twenty-five  miles  from  Indio,  Cal.,  to  D.  Sheedy,  presi- 
dent Globe  Smelting  and  Refining  Co.,  Denver.    - 

J.  and  J.  H.  Longmaid,  lessees  of  the  E.  &  E.  mines, 
Baker  Co.,  Or.,  have  leased  the  North  Pole  mine,  adjoining. 
The  E.  &  E.  has  twenty  stamps  and  the  N.  P.  ten. 

The  Hecla  Consolidated  M.  Co.,  at  Glendale,  Mont.,  has 
paid  dividend  No.  135  of  one  per  cent,  $15,000,  making  the  total 
dividends  up  to  date  paid  by  this  company  $2,025,000. 

There  are  400  stamps  running  in  Gilpin  Co.,  Colorado. 
There  are  over  700  available.  Another  100  have  been  recently 
added,  one-half  of  which  have  the  rapid-drop  motion. 

The  Shasta  Courier  says  it  is  not  unusual  this  season  to 
hear  of  miners  picking  up  considerable  coarse  gold  in  old  dig- 
gings that  have  been  washed  over  by  the  heavy  rains. 

The  Dunsmuir  News  says  the  snowfall  at  that  place  has 
been  a  little  over  twenty-seven  feet,  about  thirty  inches  fall- 
ing during  last  week.  In  addition  there  has  been  a  rainfall  of 
twenty-eight  inches. 

The  Silver  State  says  the  Imperial  quartz  mill,  mill  site, 
office  and  assay  office  at  Kennedy  were  recently  sold  for  taxes 
and  purchased  by  H.  Warren  for  J.  R.  Benton,  C.  E.  Kennedy 
and  W.  L.  Wilkinson. 

For  the  year  ended  November  1st  the  Anaconda  Company's 
smelters  treated  747,500  tons  of  ore  from  the  mines  of  Butte, 
Montana.  This  ore  produced  75,915  tons  of  matte,  of  which 
sixty  per  cent  was  copper. 

The  Old  Glory,  Arizona,  mine  has  let  a  contract  with  the 
Joshua  Hendy  Works  to  put  in  forty  stamps.  The  Griffin 
mills  have  not  been  satisfactory  to  the  company  and  they  have 
decided  to  put  iu  stamps. 

The  Mining  Bureau  bill  in  British  Columbia  has  been 
amended  to  provide  for  a  Provincial  Mineralogist  who  shall 
take  the  place  of  the  Deputy  Minister  of  Mines.  The  bill  is 
receiving  lively  support. 

Dcring  1894  West  Kootenai  shipped  silver  ore  to  the  value 
of  $400,000;  gold,  $170,000;  lead,  $180,000;  copper,  $15,000— a 
total  of  $770,000.  The  silver  ore  assayed  over  $100  a  ton,  with 
bar  silver  at  sixty  cents  an  ounce. 

New  York  men  are  reported  about  closing  for  the  purchase 
for  $150,000  of  the  old  Washington  mine  at  French  Gulch, 
Shasta  Co.  It  has  paid  continuously  for  the  past  twenty-five 
years,  and  a  ten-stamp  mill  is  now  running. 

As  afEecting  placer  miners,  this  is  Hoke  Smith's  latest: 
"There  must  be  a  discovery  of  mineral  on  each  twenty  acres 
in  the  placer  location  of  160  acres  made  by  an  association ;  and 
such  a  location  of  that  amount,  based  upon  a  single  discovery, 
is  void,  except  as  to  the  twenty  acres  immediately-  surround- 


ing su<-h  discovery."     A  former  decision  covers,  tubstuutiutly, 

the  *umu  ground. 

The  Stickle  Company  has  incorporated.  Principal  place  of 
business,  Angels  Camp,  Calaveras  cOUUty.  Capital  stock, 
$100,000,  with  the  following  directors:  C.  D.  Laine,  G. 
Stickle.  E.  Stickle,  T.  T.  Lane,  W,  Garrare. 

The  smelter  at  Barker,  Montana,  w.is  burned  down  last 
week.  It  was  built  in  L881,  and  was  kept  in  operation  uutil 
silver  and  lead  fell  off  in  price  until  there  was  no  profit,  when 
it  was  closed.     The  origin  of  the  fire  is  unknown. 

Thb  Record  says:  A  Denver  company  is  organizing  for  ex- 
tensive operuliou  in  the  mining  fields  of  Alaska.  It  is  pro- 
posed to  take  a  large  uumbor  of  Colorado  prospectors  up  there 
and  establish  them  at  placer  mining  and  lode  hunting. 

The  Canadian  Pacific,  or  an  interest  friendly  to  the  Cana- 
dian Pacific,  is  looking  about  for  a  smelter  site.  One  element 
is  pulling  for  Nakusp.  Another  element  favors  locating  the 
smelter  at  one  of  the  falls  on  Kootenay  river,  below  Nelson. 

At  the  Golden  Cross  mine,  Ogilby,  Sun  Diego  Co.,  the  forty 
stamps  will  soon  give  place  to  100  stamps.  Thirteen  miles  of 
pipe  bring  water  from  the  Colorado  river.  The  twenty-stamp 
mill  at  the  Cargo  Muchacho.  in  that  district,  is  also  kept 
busy. 

A  preliminary  assat  on  the  ore  of  the  Jeanuette  mine, 
Ainsworth,  B.  C,  showed  78  ounces  in  silver  and  14  per  cent 
lead.  The  ore  represents  the  entire  vein,  which  is  five  feet 
wide  from  wall  to  wall.  It  will  concentrate  about  five  tons 
into  one. 

Papers  published  in  miuiug  counties  of  Idaho  are  giving 
hearty  support  to  the  proposition  to  amend  the  mining  laws  of 
the  State  in  such  a  manner  that  locators  will  be  required  to 
show  their  good  faith  by  doing  ten  feet  of  work  within  a 
reasonable  time  after  location. 

The  Sierra  Buttes  Mining  Company,  which  recently  bought 
the  Mammoth  mine  at  Jacksonville,  Tuolumne  county,  for 
$80,000,  is  developing  the  property.  A  crosscut  recently  made 
discovered  a  rich  parallel  vein,  the  existence  of  which  was  not 
suspected  by  the  former  owners. 

The  North  Fork  drift  gravel  mine,  in  Sierra  county,  is  re- 
ported doing  well.  The  tunnel  is  now  in  over  700  feet,  and  is 
being  driven  at  the  rate  of  two  sets  a  day.  Fourteen  men  are 
employed,  and  they  are  making  good  headway,  and  expect  to 
reach  the  old  Uncle  Sam  incline  by  next  August. 

The  Morning  Glory  mill,  Turkey  Creek,  Arizona,  is  drop 
ping  stamps  regularly,  the  plant  being  run  by  the  men  who 
have  been  in  the  employ  of  that  company,  and  having  a  busi- 
ness difference  with  the  proprietors.  They  are  said  to  be 
making  money  and  that  the  mine  is  good  property. 

The  latest  candidate  for  mining  favor  in  the  treatment  of 
refractory  ores  is  the  Brind-Nicholas  process,  which  will  be 
operated  in  the  United  States  by  the  Brind  Extraction  Com- 
pany. It  is  already  working  in  Australia,  a  100-ton  plant  now 
being  in  operation  in  one  of  the  mining  districts  of  Victoria. 

The  Rosemont,  Ariz.,  copper  mines  have  closed  down.  Very 
little  development  work  has  been  done  on  the  property,  aud 
it  was  found  to  be  a  piece  of  folly  to  try  to  maintain  an  eighty- 
ton  smelter  running  on  surface  ore.  This  is  but  another  in- 
stance of  the  uselessness  of  erecting  reduction  works  before 
having  a  mine. 

There  are  three  giants  running  night  and  day  within  three 
miles  of  Grants  Pass,  Or.  Two  of  them  belong  to  Wickstrom 
&  Corliss  in  the  Dry  Diggings  and  the  other  to  Spencer  & 
Gunning  on  Bloody  Run.  Several  acres  will  be  torn  up  and 
sent  into  Rogue  river  before  the  water  gives  out,  and  the  in- 
dications point  to  a  profitable  cleanup. 

The  patent  issued  the  Montana  Mining  and  Reduction  Com- 
pany on  miueral  entry  for  lands  in  the  Helena,  Mont.,  land 
district,  involving  the  Ida,  Emma,  Cleveland,  Dandy,  Bis- 
marck, Star,  Saratoga  and  Handy  Lode  claims,  has  been  can- 
celled by  the  Interior  Department.  It  is  charged  the  lands 
were  non-mineral  and  the  entry  was  fraudulent. 

The  Kootenai  Hydraulic  Placer  Mining  Company,  which  has 
been  operating  all  the  way  along  the  Pend  d' Oreille  river 
from  Boundary  City  to  the  mouth  of  the  Salmon  river,  has 
turned  its  affairs  over  to  the  Kootenai   Water  Supply  Com- 


average  amount  ol  $»JM  to  em-h  persun,  no  less  than  s;i,-j:..),oou 
worth  ol    gold    was   buried   in  the  territory,    whii 
recovered  at  a  small  expense.    The  companj  expeci    I  to  make 
a  net  profit  of  at  least  $4o,00o,ooo  on  a  small  .out  Lay 

Leonard  Sawybr,  of  Buffalo,   N.  Y.,   has   bonde  Pal- 

metto, Arizona,  group  of    mines   for  $00,000  for   - 
They  are  in  the  Plomosa  mountains,  on   the  old 
road,  and  are  known  as  the  cement  deposits,  being 
placer  locations,  and  comprise    in    number  six   clai  I 
had  been  known  for  several  years,  mi  account  of  th 
and  the  peculiar  geological  conditions  attached  to  them,     rhe 
claims  have  been  thoroughly  and  systematically  prospected, 
and  in  every  test  made  the  same  uniform  results   have  been 
given  in  free  gold. 

Lively  times  are  prophesied  at  Coulterville,  Mariposa 
county,  next  season.  Large  quantities  of  machinery  are  be- 
iug  received  and  put  in  place.  While  there  is  no  demand  for 
any  more  laborers,  there  being  a  good  supply  iu  the  viciniiy. 
it  is  expected  by  April  or  May  next  several  hundred  men  will 
be  needed  tn  carry  on  operations  already  planned  out.  Coul- 
terville will  soon  begin  to  put  on  the  appearance  thai  iln 
town  had  in  the  old  days  of  California  mining  when  twenty- 
dollar  pieces  were  us  plentiful  us  dollars  are  now  and  were 
more  evenly  divided 

A  nugget,  not.  gold,  hut  representing  a  chunk  of  that  metal, 
and  worth,  if  pure,  |25  or  $30,  was  recently  swapped  to  a  Has- 
sayampa,  Arizona,  man  for  a  horse.  A  Prescott  assayer  made 
an  acid  test  of  the  metal  and  pronounced  it  oroide,  or  a  compo- 
sition of  base  material.  The  acid  bit  at  the  touch  and  copper 
colors  were  instantaneous,  but  strangely  enough  the  metal  re- 
sumed its  golden  hue  as  soon  us  the  acid  had  been  wiped  off. 
It  had  the  appearance  of  having  been  smelted  in  a  forge;  even 
the  ray  marks  in  which  the  amalgam  had  been  wrapped  were 
apparent.  It  was  this  characteristic  that  fooled  the  Hassa- 
yamper. 

It  has  always  been  supposed  that  the  Sterling  Mining  Com- 
pany, in  Josephine  Co.,  Oregou,  owned  all  the  mining  ground 
along  the  creek  for  a  distance  of  three  miles  and  more,  and 
that  this  ground  was  covered  by  their  numerous  purchases. 
It  develops,  however,  that  this  is  not  the  case,  and  that  the 
company  only  owns  a  narrow  strip  along  the  creek,  and  that 
this  strip  does  not  cover  the  old  or  back  channel,  but  a  part  of 
the  distance,  and  that  a  large  amount  of  the  rich  mining 
ground  was  vacant.  Some  parties  in  searching  the  records 
discovered  this  fact  and  located  the  vacant  ground — some  four 
hundred  acres. 

The  millmen  of  the  Horn  Silver,  Utah,  concentrator  are  re- 
ported suffering  from  a  new  complaint  caused  by  the  use  of 
the  water  in  the  mills.  The  water  is  used  over  several  times 
and  becomes  strongly  impregnated  with  arsenic,  antimony 
and  other  like  poisons,  and  as  the  men  are  requited  to  occa- 
sionally immerse  their  hands  in  this,  it  seems  to  penetrate 
the  skin  and  produce  sores  similar  to  felons.  When  they  go 
to  the  hospital  to  receive  treatment  these  men  are  told  that 
.the  sores  are  produced  by  poisons  and  are  not  felons.  Like 
lead  poisoning,  it  is  a  natural  consequence  of  the  handling  of 
this  class  of  ores. 

A.  R.  Hammond,  who  headed  a  party  uf  sixty  miners  and 
assayers  to  South  Africa  last  May,  writes  from  Buluwayo  the 
reverse  of  encouragingly.  Fevers,  tigers,  hostile  Zulus, 
lions,  desolate  country,  etc.,  interfered  considerably  with  the 
success  of  the  expedition,  according  to  a  letter  to  the  Otvrontble. 
He  concludes  by  saying:  "The  Californians  of  my  expedition 
have  so  far  located  220  mines,  and  have  placed  on  the  London 
market  125  square  miles  of  good  land  in  conjunction  with  the 
other  properties.  Messrs.  Bumohom  of  Pasadena  and  Ingram 
of  San  Francisco  will  leave  for  London  to  see  Cecil  Rhodes  for 
the  purpose  of  forming  an  expedition  to  open  up  the  country 
on  the  headwaters  of  the  Zambesi  during  the  coming  year.1' 

The  Assembly  Committee  on  Mines  and  Mining  has  before 
it  two  bills  for  consideration.  The  first,  introduced  by  repre- 
sentative Holland  as  Assembly  Bill  No.  90,  provides  that  all 
cages,  buckets,  skips  and  other  apparatus  used  iu  mines  shall 
be  provided  with  a  safety.  This  applies  to  mines  where  the 
shafts  are  deeper  than  300  feet  and  where  twelve  or  more 
men  are  employed.  In  addition,  the  mining  company  must 
sink  another  shaftor  construct  another  tunnel  to  connect  with 


pany,  which  will  take  charge  of  all   the  placer  mining  opera-     the  main  working  shaft  of  such  mines  as  a  means  of  escape 

from  underground  accident.  Failure  to  comply  with  provis- 
ions of  the  law  will  render  the  individuals  or  corporations 
liable  jointly  and  severally  for  all   damages  to  miners  or  their 


tious  of  the  former  company  and  work  them  on  a  royalty. 
L.  Thoillier  of  Lewiston,  Idaho,  is  operating  at  the  mouth 


of  Alpowai  creek  a  machine  which  he  says  will  save  nearly  all 
the  fine  gold  that  exists  in  the  sand  along  the  Snake  and 
Clearwater  rivers.  He  claims  that  "while  a  rocker  will  not 
pay  over  35  cents  per  day,  this  new  and  comparatively  simple 
device  pays  from  $3  to  §5  per  day,  according  to  the  ground." 

The  Debris  Commission  have  granted  hydraulic  mining  per- 
mits to  Robert,  James  and  John  Blair,  proprietors  of  the 
Mitchell  hydraulic  mine;  El  Dorado  Water  and  Deep  Gravel 
Mining  Company,  proprietors  of  the  Henrietta  mine;  Rollaud 
&  Vanderberg,  proprietors  of  the  Epley  mine;  and  Hancock  & 
Daly,  proprietors  of  the  Last  Chance  mine.  All  of  these 
mines  are  located  near  Placerville,  El  Dorado  couuty. 

A  bill  has  been  presented  in  the  Washington  Legislature  to 
create  a  Mining  Bureau,  to  consist  of  three  commissioners, 
representing  the  different  mining  sections,  their  duties  being 
to  gather  all  the  information  of  the  mineral  interests  of  the 
State.  Repositories  are  to  be  established  at  Seattle  and 
Spokane,  where  ores  may  be  left  and  maps,  drawings  and 
copies  of  assays  placed  on  file. 

The  Mammoth  mine,  near  Middle  Bar,  Amador  Co.,  is  re- 
ported sold  to  an  English  company  for  $30,000.  Several  kid- 
neys of  black  metal  carrying  a  heavy  percentage  of  gold  were 
formerly  taken  out,  aggregating  in  value  nearly  §100,000. 
Two  shafts  were  sunk— one  to  a  depth  of  800  feet— and  a 
tunnel  driven  from  a  point  fronting  the  Mokelumne  river  to 
tap  the  latter,  wherein  work  has  been  done  for  short  periods 
since  regular  work  was  suspended. 

At  the  recent  banquet  of  the  American  Assocation  of  Mining 
Engineers  at  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  W.  D.  Bishopcreated  consider- 
able amusement  by  reading  a  prospectus  of  "The  Woodland 
Gold  Mining  Company"  of  4894.  The  prospectus  recites  that 
the  company  has  discovered  and  purchased  the  precise  spot 
where  were  buried  the  wealthy  New  Yorkers  of  the  olden 
time.  It  says  that  it  has  been  calculated  that  the  remains  of 
no  less  than  9,500,000  people  were  buried  on  the  ground  that 
the  company  controlled,  and  that  as  at  the  time,  in  the  nine- 
teenth and  twentieth  centuries,  when  they  were  buried,  it 
was  the  fashion  to  fill  the  teeth  of  the  people  with  gold  to  an 


heirs.  Tibbits'  Assembly  Bill  No.  294  adds  a  new  title  to 
Part  ^,  Division  2d,  of  the  Civil  Code,  providing  that  super- 
visors may  divide  their  county  into  mining  districts  or  estab- 
lish such  mining  districts  therein  as   they  shall  deem  neces- 


Personal. 

John  Vass  is  the  new  superintendent  of  the  White  Swan 
M.  &  M.  Co.,  Baker  Co.,  Or. 

Chief  Engineer  Joseph  Trilley,  U.  S.  N.,  has  been  ordered 
to  the  Olympia  and  will  for  the  next  year  direct  the  opera 
tion  of  her  machinery. 

F.  E.  Brighton  has  succeeded  G,  V.  Gray  as  superintendent 
of  the  Gladstone  mine,  near  French  Gulch.  The  Cleve 
land,  O.,  men  who  own  the  property  have  spent  about  $350,000 
in  developing  the  property. 

J.  J.  Byrne  has  been  appointed  general  passenger  agent  of 
the  Atlantic  &  Pacific  and  Southern  California,  with  head- 
quarters at  Los  Angeles,  to  take  effect  Feb.  1.  The  office  of 
assistant  passenger  traffic  manager  of  the  A.  T.  &  S.  F.  is 
abolished. 

Obituary. 

Naval  Constructor  Akmistead,  who  was  injured  by  the 
hawser  parting  while  removing  the  case  on  the  caisson  from 
its  position  at  the  drydock  at  Mare  Island  on  the  afternoon  of 
the  26th,  died  at  the  Naval  Hospital  at  seven  o'clock  the  next 
morning. 

Wm.  Irelan,  Sk.,  a  California  pioneer,  died  in  this  city  on 
the  27th  ult.,  in  his  84th  year.  He  founded  the  first  shipping 
yards  iu  this  city.  Shortly  after  the  wreck  of  the  Golden 
Gate  on  the  Mauzanilla  coast,  in  '62,  he  recovered  SSO0,00O  of 
the  million  and  a  half  on  that  ill-fated  steamer,  of  which  his 
share  was  $250,000.  He  engaged  in  mining  in  Sierra  and 
Placer  counties,  and  did  considerable  toward  developing  mines 
there  and  elsewhere  in  the  State. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Febiuary  2,   189'5. 


The  U.  S.  Geological  Survey. 


To  the  Editor  : — The  watchword  of  our  present 
generation  is  "  fair  play . "  The  football  enthusiast 
grows  vehement  in  denouncing  an  unfair  decision, 
and  a  great  nation  often  stands  quietly  overlooking 
with  war  ships  inferior  nations  engaged  in  strife, 
and  proclaims  "neutrality,"  or,  putting  it  more 
ugly  and  more  commonplace,  prevents  one  from 
la!,  ng  undue  advantage  of  the  other. 

I'l.e  writer,  as  a  subscriber  to  the  Engineering  ami 
Mining  Journal,  has  noticed  in  the  two  last  issues  many 
remarks  upon  the  work  of  the  U.  S.  Geological 
Survey. 

While  feeling  perfectly  friendly  toward  the  Journal, 
I  cannot  but  feel  that  the  Survey  is  not  receiving 
"  fair  play  "  in  the  recent  criticisms.  Having  also 
served  eight  years  in  the  topographical  corps  of  the 
Survey,  a  few  remarks  are  now  presented,  which 
cannot  be  said  to  be  influenced  by  personal  feeling 
or  any  possibility  of  preferment  by  the  department, 
as  I  am  now  busied  in  the  private  practice  of  mining 
engineering  in  San  Francisco. 
'Referring  first  to  the  letter  of  Dr.  Persifor  Frazer 
in  the  Journal  of  January  5th,  one  cannot  but  be 
struck  by  the  lack  of  intimate  knowledge  displayed 
hy  him  of  the  work  of  the  Government  surveys.  Dr. 
Frazer  says  ' '  that  a  geological  survey  should  be 
purely-  scientific  and  only  incidentally-  economic,  and 
should  not  try  to  make  topographic-  maps  or  com- 
pete with  the  older  or  more  valuable  institution 
whose  work  of  this  kind  contrasts  favorably  with 
any  heretofore  accomplished  in  the  world.'' 

If  Dr.  Frazer  will  kindly  state  how  it  is  possible  to 
make  a  Geological  map  without  first  having  delineated 
a  topographical  map,  such  information  will  be  welcome 
to  those  interested  in  scientific  research,  and  he 
should  also  mention  what  institutions  outside  of  the 
Geological  Survey  (which  was  formed  in  1878  by  com- 
bining the  Powell,  Hayden  and- Wheeler  surveys)  and 
the  various  State  surveys  have  made  topographical 
surveys.  If  the  U.  S.  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey  is 
meant,  the  public  well  know  that  the  minute  and 
correct  work  of  this  Bureau  is  confined  to  the  im- 
mediate vicinity  of  the  Atlantic,  Pacific  and  Gulf 
coasts  to  aid  the  mariner  in  navigating  harbors  and 
elsewhere  for  coast  defenses.  The  "  Coast  Survey  " 
in  the  interior  is  simply  a  "geodetic  survey"  to 
connect  ocean  with  ocean  by  triaugmlation. 

The  investigation  of  irrigation  questions  and  gaug- 
ing of  streams  is  only  a  small  matter  to  wind  up  the 
irrigation  inquiries  begun  some  years  ago-  by  the 
Geological  Survey. 

Director  Walcott  has  himself  answered  the  ques- 
tion whether  "engineers,  chemists,  etc.,  of  the 
Survey  receive  fees  while  drawing  Government 
salaries"  by  a  decided  "No,"  and  so  has  his 
predecessor.  Major  Powell. 

There  thus  remains  to  be  discussed  the  question, 
"Should  it  be  a  bureau  of  research  and  report  upon 
questions  of  mining,  metallurgy  and  statistics  ?" 

For  many  years  past  the  Survey  has  made  detailed 
and  valuable  maps  and  reports  of  special  mining 
areas  and  published  annually  a  report  upon  the 
"  Mineral  Industry  of  the  United  States."  This  work, 
under  the  direction  of  Dr.  David  T.  Day;  has  given 
general  satisfaction,  the  only  criticism  being  that 
the  Government  printing  office  has  been  so  crowded 
as  to  prevent  these  volumes  from  being  issued 
promptly  at  the  close  of  each  year. 

The  Engineering  and  Mining  Journal  has  also  pub- 
lished for  two  years  past  the  "  Mineral  Industry  and 
Statistics  of  the  World" — a  very  valuable  work,  but, 
having  such  a  wide  field,  it  cannot  be,  in  that  portion 
referring  to  the  United  States,  as  detailed  or 
accurate  as  the  work  undertaken  by  the  Geological 
Survey,  which  makes  special  report  of  each  mineral, 
product  and  gives  further  information  of  benefit 
to  the  mining  operator  in  this  country. 

There  is  no  doubt  but  thai,  the  work  of  the  Survey 
could  be  incorporated  each  year  in  the  book  published 
by  the  Journal,  which  latter  in  its  present  condition 
must  necessarily  be  somewhat  approximate. 

The  Engineering  and  Mining  Journal  of  January 
12th  contains  a  letter  from  Mr.  John  F.  Blandy,  of 
Arizona,  which,  upon  readiug,  appears  more  serious. 
The  only  answer  to  this  criticism  is  that  it  is  well 
known  that  some  of  the  topographic  work  credited 
to  the  Geological  Survey  has  been  compiled  from 
other  surveys,  with  a  desire  to  prevent  duplication 
and  economize  time  and  money.  And  again,  some  of 
the  work  done  in  the  earlier  years  of  the  Survey  has 
been  drawn  on  too  small  a  scale  for  detailed  geo- 
logical investigation,  and  will  have  to  be  done  over 
again.  This  refers  particularly  to  Utah,  Nevada 
and  Arizona. 

Another  criticism  brought  out  by  Mr.  Blandy  is 
that  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  is  gradually  crowd- 
ing out  the  State  Surveys.  In  Massachusetts  and 
New  York  both  States  joined  forces  and  paid  half 
expenses  to  make  a  topographic  and  geological  map, 
the  field  w^orlc  performed  by  the  well  trained  corps 
oE  the  Geological  Survey,  and  the  management, 
under  a  commission  of  State  and  Government 
-ifficers.     Why  cannot  the   same  plan  be  followed'  by 


the  other  States  to   the   advantage  of  correct  and 
economical  work  ? 

There  is  no  doubt  but  that  the  work  of  the  Geolog- 
ical Survey  is  open  to  criticism,  but  to  an  interested 
observer  the  main  object  should  be  to  give  all  the 
practical  information  possible — not  to  publish  such 
senseless  and  bitter  criticisms,  but  to  prevent  the 
Survey  from  becoming  too  technical. 

Government  maps  should  all  be  drawn  to  one  scale, 
and  special  maps  made  on  large  scales  only  in  min- 
ing regions  and  other  points  where  detailed  geologic 
investigation  is  necessary. 

The  Land  Office  publishes  township  maps  on  a 
scale  of  two  miles  to  one  inch,  and,  .in  view  of  the 
large  amount  of  country  yet  to  be  mapped  by  the 
Government,  this  general  scale  is  adequate.  The 
topographical  maps  should  have  township  corners 
placed  upon  them,  so  that -the  practical  civil  and 
mining  engineer  can  locate  himself  in  a  more  direct 
and  recognizable  manner  than  by  polyconic  projec- 
tion .. 

If  the  Engineering  anil  Mining  Journal  desires,  to  be 
a  friend"  to  its  clients,  why  should '  these  childish 
quibbles  and  criticisms  be  published?  Rather  let 
the  Journal  advocate  centralization-  The  different 
surveys,  the  U.  S.  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey,  the 
Topographical  and  Geological  Survey,  and  mining 
statistics  and  the  Land  Office  Survey,  should  all  be 
placed  under  one  jurisdiction,  and  this  "  Bureau  of 
Surveys"  could  pass  judgment  on  all  the  work  here- 
tofore performed  and  see  that  future  work  is  drawn 
to  one  adopted  scale.  Each  separate  branch  could 
then  pursue  its  course  without  duplication  or  inter- 
ference, and,  all  having  "fair  play,"  a  result  would 
be  accomplished  redounding  to  the  credit  of  accurate 
and  economic  work.  Mark  B.  Kerr. 

San  Francisco.  Jan.  25,  1895.; 


From   Placer  County. 


To  the  Editor: — Perhaps  there  are  but.  few  spots 
in  California  to-day  that  have  become  less -attractive 
and  almost  dropped  completely  from  the  memory  of 
the  early  gold  hunters,  and  so  little  known  of  to  the 
present  population,  as  this  and  similar  localities 
situated  iu  the  foothills  and  the  Sierra  Nevada 
mountains  themselves.  Every  facility  is  here  offered 
to  the  practical  and  economical  miner  to  push  the 
work  with  advantage  at  all  seasons  of  the  year, 
under  the  most  favorable  circumstances,  for  which 
he  will  be  liberally  rewarded  in  amounts  to  warrant 
him,  or  them,  to  continue  the  work.  Very  little  de- 
veloping in  a  practical  way.  outside  of  scraping  over 
the  surface,  has  been  done.  The  "  old  timers,"  or 
pioneer  gold  hunters,  what  few  there  are  still  alive 
in  these  localities,  have  but  one  idea,  together  with 
their  early  acquired  habits  of  the  use  of  liquors  and 
extravagant  way  of  living  and  taking  things  in  a 
slow  and  easy-going  way.  They  are  looking  for  and 
trusting  in  the  future  for  a  revival  of  the  early  days 
of  excitement  and  hilarious  living,  but  do  nothing 
towards  helping  to  develop  the  mines  to  correspond 
with  the  present  epoch.  They  delight  in  congre- 
gating at  the  grocery,  where  cheap  liquors  and 
tobacco  are  dealt  out,  sometimes  on  tick,  in  a  large 
back  room,  warmed  up  and  provided  with  curds, 
etc.,  and  recite  to  strangers  what  they  used  to  do, 
etc.  The  younger  men  hereabouts  easily  fall  into 
the  old  worn  path  and  become  in  time  the  same  as 
their  predecessors.  It  is  a  repetition  of  history,  less 
the  gold  excitement.  Nothing  is  done  to  get  ahead 
of  actual  wants  in  a  rude  cabin  with  one  room  for  all 
purposes.  It  is  deplorable  in  the  extreme,  and 
something  ought  to  be  done  to  chauge  the  methods 
and  systems  of  such  non-progressive  people.  Our 
newly  elected  member  of  Congress,  Grove  L.  John- 
ston, who  was  such  a  bitter  enemy  to  hydraulic  min- 
ing in  the  anti-debris  times,  has  promised  to  obtain 
relief  in  way  of  appropriations  for  restraining  dams, 
but  delays  cast  gloom  over  the  prospects.  However, 
we  anticipate  the  best  results  through  his  promulga- 
tions at  Washington  for  the  benefit  of  the  mining 
community. 

Why  go  to  South  Africa  and  Australia  gold  hunt- 
ing when  such  spleudid  opportunities  are  here 
offered  under  California's  genial  climate  and  its  pro- 
tective laws  ?  Those  apparently  new  gold  fields 
have  already  put  on  the  dying  garb,  and  word  comes 
that  it  is  overdone  and  overrun.  The  writer  put  in 
several  years  in  the  Andes  in  South  America,  but 
under  less  favorable  circumstances,  conditions  and 
climate  than  our  own  California  offers.  ,Let  us  with 
one  accord  believe  in  and  push  the  mining  interest 
of  California  to  renewed  activity. 

Aside  from  the  very  promising  mining  outlook  in 
this  locality,  it  is  one  of  the  most  picturesque  sec- 
tions of  our  State,  abounding  in  pure  water,  air  and 
other  life-giving  elements.  A  more  beautiful  place 
for  a  tourist's  hotel  seldom  can  be  found  with  such 
advantages  and  attractive  scenery.  It  far  surpasses 
other  resorts  of  noted  reputation  for.  summer 
visitors  for  health  and  pleasure.  I've  seen  them  all. 
Yours,  etc.  Traveler. 

McKinstry  Ranch,  Placer  Co.,    Cal,,   Jan.   26,   '95. 

Astronomers  claim  that  there  are  over  17,500,000 
comets  in  the  solar  system  alone. 


Reporting    on    nines. 


To  the  Editor: — Two  reports  are  called  for:  one 
elaborate  and  in  detail,  that  is  to  be  printed  with 
views  interleaved  and  is  intended  for  the  eastern  and 
foreign  market;  the  other  concise  and  emphatic,  for 
the  experienced  mining  operator.  A  miner  once  re- 
quested me  to  show  an  elaborate,  report,  by  a  cele- 
brated expert,  to  a  large  operator.  The  operator 
waded  through  the  report,  until  he  got  fairly  into 
the  geology,  when  he  handed  the  report  back  to  me 

with —  ' '  D such  rot  !      If  the  gold  is  in  the  vein 

all  the  rocks  this  side  o"  Hades  won't  take  it  out.  and 
if  it  ain't  there  they  won't  put  it  in  !  Tell  him  to 
sample  his  vein,  measure  the  width  and  length  of  the 
ore  shoot,  and  report;  and  tell  him  to  frame  this  re- 
port or  use  it  to  start  his  fires  with." 

.The  professional  expert  may  claim,  that,  if  the" 
average  miner  were  to  report  on  his  mine,  he,  like 
the  hangman,  would  be  his  own  "neckspert."  How- 
ever, the  practical,  experienced  miner,  owning  a 
prospect,  can  give  a  description  as  satisfactory  to 
the  California  mining  operator  as  the  expert,  if  he 
will  be  honest  with  himself,  and  not,  from  force  of 
habit,  involuntarily  select,  in  sampling,  only  the 
rock  from  the  richest  portion  of  his  vein. 

The  average  buyer  requires  the  location  of  the 
mine,  its  situation  as  to  roads  and  water  power,  the 
title,  character  of  the  ore:  i.  e. ,  free  milling  or  other- 
wise, average  width  of  the  vein,  length  of  the  shoot 
with  sketch  showing  development,  average  sample 
of  the  vein,  a  fair-sized  piece  of  the  mineralized  por- 
tion of  the  vein,  and,  last  but  not  least,  reasonable 
price  and  terms. 

Many  of  the  reports  issued  remind  one  of  the  old 
attorney's  advice  to  the  young  lawyer:  "  If  the  facts 
are  in  your  favor  bring  them  out  and  stay  by  them; 
if  they  are  against  you  avoid  and  talk  all  around 
them."  If  the  mine  is  a  good  property,  a  few  facts, 
plainly  stated,  will  suffice;  if  it  is  not  "  in  sight  "  a 
great  amount  of  sophistry  will  be  required  to  con- 
ceal it.  California  mine  operators  buy  either  on 
their  own  judgment  or  that  of  some  one  in  their  own 
employ,  and  only  want  the  main  facts  to  determine 
whether  they  will  investigate  or  not.  Once  they  see 
a  mine  what  they  have  previously  read  has  no  effect 
on  the  samples  they  secure  and  on  the  value  of  which 
they  buy  or  decline.     Respectfully, 

E.  H.  Sciiaeffle, 

Murphys,  Cal.,  Jan.  19,  1894.  Ex.  U.  S.  M.  E. 


In  the  Jicarillas. 


To  the  Editor: — The  mining  camp  of  the  Jicarillas, 
located  in  Lincoln  county,  New  Mexico,  is  attracting 
the  attention  of  mining  men  on  account  of  the  forma- 
tion here,  which  is  so  strictly  of  a  volcanic  nature  as 
to  prove  beyond  a  doubt  that  the  formation  of  the 
ore  bodies  of  the  district  was  from  the  heat  and 
eruptions  of -numerous  volcanoes,  the  chimneys  of 
which  can  yet  be  traced  on  the  ground. 

Unlike  most  mining  districts,  the  district  of  the 
Jicarillas  is  not  one  in  which  the  leads,  generally 
speaking,  are  of  value.  True,  many  are  the  locations 
on  small  veins  of  high  grade  ore.  yet  invariably  do 
they  lind  on  sinking  that  the  ore  pinches  out,"  and 
they  lose  the  trend  of  the  vein,  only  to  be  confronted 
by  country  rock  on  all  sides. 

The  properties  which  cause  the  most  talk  among 
mining  men  are  located  in  what  is  called  in  the  dis- 
trict "iron  blowouts."  These  blowouts  are  chimneys 
of  ore  coming  from  the  bowels  of  the  earth,  and  for 
150  feet  or  more  on  the  surface  they  are  choked  up 
by  volcanic  ashes  and  debris  of  different  kinds,  show- 
ing that  the  ore  at  one  time  was  exposed,  but  that  it 
either  settled  or  else  the  ore  in  coming  out  failed  to 
reach  the  surface  and  as  a  consequence  the  opening 
thus  left  was  filled  up  with  foreign  matter. 

From  the  above  it  will  readily  be  seen  that  the 
cam])  of  the  Jicarillas  is  no  camp  for  the  poor  man, 
for  the  ore  tying  so  deep  makes  it  impossible  for  a 
man  to  open  up  a  mine  unless  backed  by  money,  and 
lots  of  it. 

Geo.  J.  Weishar  is  the  owner  of  two  claims,  which 
show  up  some,  good  metal  in  the  walls  near  the  sur- 
face, but  there  is  no  ore  body  in  sight,  and  it  will 
take  several  feet  of  developing  work  to  open  up  any 
pay  on  the  properties,  both  of  which  are  on  blow- 
outs. 

Jno.  Duncan  is  locator  of  the  Silver  Cup,  a  claim 
which  ten  feet  from  the  surface  assays  $10  in  gold 
and  holds  promise  of  leading  to  a  large  ore  body. 

Harry  Comrey,  W.  W.  Fitzpatric,  E.  L.  Ganne 
and  several  others  own  claims  which  are  now  lying 
idle  on  account  of  the  lack  of  capital  to  develop 
them . 

P.  C.  Bell,  owner  of  the  Elizabeth,  is  the  only 
miner  in  camp  who  is  developing  his  claim  and  put- 
ting in  any  great  amount  of  money.  He  states  that 
there  will  be  a  mill  on  the  claim  in  the  very  near 
future.  ' "Jics." 

Sixty  per  cent  of  the  coal  used  in  making  gas  in 
Chili  comes  from  Australia.  England  furnishes  a 
little  cannel  coal  and  the  remainder  is  from  native 
lignite  mines. " 


Feb 


1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


69 


The   Removal   of  Clay   from   Iron   Ores. 

oc  adhesive  earthy  substances  prove  about 
isl  difficull  matters  to  deal  with  in  regard  to    ul  IC'erksdorp.  0.223  oz.  per  ton 
,.:,_ :_4 __i    : I..U1—    produced  173,766  ozs.  of  gold 


for   while  moisture    and    insolubles    are 
largelj  increased,  tlius  reducing  the  metallic  content 
iai  the  furnaces,   the  difficulty 
of  removing   adhesive  matters   i-  considerable,  par- 
ticularly when  it  if  inclined  i"  form  slimy  balls  when 

moved      Si. i lays  disintegrate  easier  than  others,    upon  3.912  ozs 

while  some    become  almosl    glut  it 

when    wet  ted,  and   a-  thi  ays 

in. .re  ••!•  less  moisl  when  raised,   they 

'  i.c  dealt    with  in   .i   ill-;,  state, 
rablc  process  would 

i..  Friable  or  sandy  days  are  easily 
dealt  with,  as  thej  disintegrate  readily 
in  an  ordinary  revolving  washing  cyl- 
inder hat  in.  internal  blades,  a-  in  i  he 
case  of  a  clay  washing  mill;  bul  if  the 
grains  of  ore  are  much   larger  than 

i  annof   v.  ell   be  'I i  ow  ing 

■..ni  inual  stoppages,  ami  to  I  he 
n'hich     become       necessary 

jh  the  knocking  aboul  of  i be  ore 
grains.  V,  hi  re  I  he  grains  are  large,  it 
■  .-I  I..  H-...  a  nearly  hori- 
zontal cylinder  of  considerable  length, 
i  ijecting  from  the  sides  to 
prevenl  the  we1  mat. .rial  forming  a 
ball,  by  checking  the  regular  rolling  of 
a  large  mass,     A  regular  Bow  of  water 

pa  s  through  the  cylinder  to  re- 
move the  fine  matters  as  they  become 
separated,  and  the  larger  parts  will 
travel  nil  of  the  cylinder  in  theor- 
dinary  way  adopted  to  these  apparatus, 
ft  is  not  readily  possible  to  crush  the 
large  grains  before  washing,  as  the 
era  her  would  probably  ball  the  clay  in 
such  a  way  that  subsequent  washings 
will  [ail  to  cause  disintegration,  So  far 
as  possible,  the  men  engaged  in  mining 
this  class  of  ore  should  separate  the 
larger  grains  of  metal  from  the  bulk, 
and  this  they  will  usually  do  if  ah  in- 
crease of  a  few  i -e  per  ton  is  given 

for  large  clean  grains  for  loading, 

i  ire    which    is    full   of    tenacious   clay 

readily  separable  in  water,  but  which 
requires   some  amount  of  soaking,  can, 
if    water    is     plentiful,     be    well     and 
cheaply    cleansed    by    turning   a  jet  of 
water  on   it  and  washing  the  face  of  a 
heap,    the   water  and  clay   in  suspen- 
sion being   carried     away    in   troughs, 
while   thecleaned  ore  is  loaded   up  for 
further   separation  in  jigs  or  into  wag- 
ons for  sending  away  to   the  furnaces, 
as  the  case  may  be.      By  carefully 
laying  out  a    floor  for    this    work. 
and   by    having  a  moderate  head 
of   water,    large   bulks   of   clayey 
ore  can  be  treated    very   cheaply 
in  this  way.  while  if  there   is  only 
a  small  quantity  of  fine  sandy  ore, 
the  loss  in  metallic  value  will  not 
be      great.         Special      washing 
troughs  of  perforated  steel  plates 
might   also  be   used  if  preferred, 
and    in    these  the    ore  might    be 
readily   prepared   for  market,  as 
only  that    which     was     perfectly 
cleaned  nri~t\  be  left  in  the  troughs. 
the  water  and  dissolved  clay  pass- 
ing through  the  plates. 

Very  tenacious  days  are  best 
washed  out  with  a  more  or  less 
powerful  jet  of  water,  and  in  this 
■  asc  the  troughs  just  described 
arc  very  useful  indeed,  as  they 
permit  of  the  removal  of  the  clay 
at  once.  The  cost  is  more,  in  this 
case  than  with  more  friable  ma- 
terial, but  conditionally  on  the 
ore  being  placed  in  the  troughs, 
or  in  a  bin  communicating  with 
the  troughs,  say,  in  .one-ton  lots, 
the  water  thoroughly  removes  the  clay  before  an 
other  lot   is   shot  in   the  washing  receptacle. 


tons  ol  tailings  were  worked,    of    an    average   assay 

value  of  0.270  oz.  per  ton.     They   were   the   richest 

at  Heidelberg.  1.217   ozs.  per   ton,   and   the    poorest 

From    them    were 

or  ii  _'•_". i   oz.    per   ton 

treated,    showing    0.041    oz.     left    in    the    residues 

treated.     The  value  of  these  was  516,577/,   or  $3.38 

per  ton;    ,"i7.'!."i  Ions    of    concentrates    were    produced 
and   1652  worked.      The    average    assay   value  of    the 

untreated  ores  was  3.348  ozs.,  and  ol  miosi  operated 

per   Ion.      Th 


On  the  California  mountains. 


SCENE    ON    THE    RAILWAY    IN    THE    CALIFORNIA    MOUNTAINS 


Herewith    is     illustrated    one  of   Califon 
sources  which  is  not  usually  counted  among 

sessions  of  the  State,  and  that  is  the  except ally 

fine  snow  mantle  of  our  mountains.    It  is  ai 
ingly    picturesque    feature    of    the   State.       !t   one 
which  is  as   little   appreciated  as  it  is  talk. 
It  is  only  when  it  asserts  itself,  as  it  is    no 
De  Knaps   were    the     in    the  stoppage   of  overland  traftic,   that  the  public 

generally  notes  its  presence.  It  has 
not  yet  caused  us  the  inconvenience  of 
earlier  years,  when  days  multiplied  into 
weeks  before  the  traius  could  break 
through  the  mountain  blockade,  but 
that  is  no  fault  of  the  snow.  It  is  all 
up  then'  ready  for  the  blockade  busi- 
ness, but  the  machinery  for  iis  con- 
quering is  much  superior  to  that  of 
former  days. 

The  engravings  arc  characteristic 
mountain  scenes  this  month.  One 
shows  a  site  on  the  overland  line  where 
the  snow  has  well  nigh  buried  the  small 
village,  while  the  railway  runs  between 
banks  twenty  or  thirty  feet  high  made 
by  the  powerful  rotary  plow  in  keep 
ing  the  rails  uncovered.  The  man 
standing  in  pensive  mood  on  the  rail- 
way trade  is  not  waiting  for  the  train. 
He  is  merely  thinking  what  a  fool  a 
photographer  must  be  to  prowl  around 
in  such  weather. 

The  other  scene  shows  the  unbroken 
solitude  of  the  snow-clad  mountain 
region  away  from  settlements  and  rail- 
way lines.  The  gorge  is  well  nigh 
choked  with  snow,  and  the  tall  pines, 
which  in  the  distance  seem  like  the 
trees  of  the  toy  shops,  are  in  many 
cases  half  buried.  It  is  a  scene  com- 
fortable.to  contemplate  when  one  has 
his    feet  on    a   warm   fender. 

The      Truckee     Republican     says: 
"Truckee  presents  an  appearance  that 
is  at  once  novel  and  picturesque.     To 
the  average  Californian  who  is  accus- 
tomed to  seeing  green  fields  and  bloom- 
ing flowers,  it  is  a  marvel.     The  whole 
town  is  enwrapped  in   the   emblem  of 
purity   to   the   depth   of  several  feet, 
while  icicles  in  their  crystal  splendor 
adorn   the  eaves  of  every  house.     The 
rotary  snow  plow,  as  it  drives  up  and 
down  the  track  throwing   a  stream  of 
snow  a  distance  of  a   hundred  feet  or 
more,  is  a  sight  that  would  interest  the 
most  stoic  observer.     In  order  to  cross 
a    street     in      Truckee,     one      must 
climb  from  the  sidewalk  on  steps 
in  the  snow  to  the  street  and  then 
descend     on    the    opposite    side. 
People   on  one  side  of  the  street 
cannot  see  those  on  the  other  side. 
In  many  places   the    snow  is   so 
deep    around    the    eaves    of    the 
houses  that  it  has  to  be  shoveled 
away  from  in  front  of  the  windows 
in  order  to  allow  light  to  enter  the 
house." 


"HStC 


. 


Gold   Mining  in  the  Transvaal. 

During  the  second  quarter  of  1894,  823, 1"0  tons 
were  milled  by  2922  stamps  on  all  the  gold  fields  of 
the  South  African  Republic,  the  average,  number 
of  days  on  which  milling  took  place  being  78.  Wit- 
watersrandt,  not  including  the  Nigel  district,  repre- 
sented 725,394  of  this  total  tonnage.  During  the 
same  period  882,937  tons  were  raised.  The  average 
number  of  tons  crushed  per  stamp  per  diem  was 
3613,  being  highest  at  Klerksdorp,  4659  tous,  and 
lowest  at  De  Kaap,  1971  tons.  The  gold  produced 
by  ordinary  milling  operations  totalled,  during  the 
same  period,  369,905  ozs.,  worth  $6,653,545,  the  yield 
per  ton  being  on  all  the  fields  0.449  ozs.,  and  the  value 
$8.08.  Out  of  the  above  total  Witwatersrandt  rep- 
resents 327,291  ozs.     During  the  same  period  759,828 


A  MOUNTAIN  GORGE  IN  ITS  SNOW  MANTLE. 

richest,  7.741  ozs.  per  ton,  those  of  the  Witwaters- 
randt averaging  3.318  ozs.  The  total  output  from 
concentrates  was  18,632  ozs.,  worth  $353,675.  The 
total  gold  production  of  the  State  from  April  1  to 
June  30,  1894,  was  563,222  ozs.,  of  a  monetary  value 
of  $9,605,840 

The  cash  value  of  a  locomotive  averages  $10,000, 
and  there  are  now  in  use  on  the  railroads  of  the 
United  States  about  35,000  locomotives,  representing 
a  total  investment  of  $350,000,000.  The  Pennsylvania 
railroad  stands  at  the  head  of  the  list  with  1625 
locomotives.  The  New  York  Central  is  not  very  far 
behind  with  1200  locomotives. 

The  use  of  the  telephone  on  Australian  sheep 
ranches  is  becomiug  common.  Its  employment  is 
mentioned  on  the  Clark  ranch  in  Montana,  where  all 
the  sheep  and  shepherds  are  watched  and  handled 
telephonically  by  means  of  six  stations,  all  communi- 
cating with  a  central  point. 


In  some  recent  experiments, 
says  A.  C.  Swinton,  Mr.  ,T.  C. 
M.  Stanton  and  I  found  that, 
employing  a  very  strong  electro- 
magnet, a  piece  of  ordinary  white 
asbestos  mill-board,  about  4x3xr'n- 
inches  in  size,  and  weighing  one- 
half  ounce,  was  easily  lifted 
through  a  vertical  distauce  of 
one  and  one-half  inches,  and  when 
in  contact  with  the  magnet  pole 
the  asbestos  pole  would  sup- 
port four  ounces  in  addition  to 
its  own  weight.  Lumps  of  hard 
asbestos,  such  as  are  used  in  gas 
fires,  as  also  pieces  of  soft  asbes- 
tos cotton  packing,  were  also 
strongly  attracted,  and  when  some  of  the  latter 
was  placed  on  the  magnet  pole  and  the  current 
turned  on  and  off,  the  individual  fibers  could  be  seen 
in  movement.  Further,  it  is  quite  easy  to  perma- 
nently magnetize  a  piece  of  asbestos  mill-board,  when 
it  will  behave  exactly  as  a  magnet  both  in  attracting 
and  repelling  a  compass  needle.  The  principal  con- 
stituents of  asbestos  are  stated  to  be  magnesia, 
silica  and  alumina,  with  some  oxide  of  iron.  No 
doubt  it  is  to  the  presence  of  the  last-named  sub- 
stance that  the  magnetic  qualities  are  due.  White 
asbestos  is,  however,  understood  to  contain  but 
small  traces  of  iron — much  less  than  the  colored  va- 
rieties—and  consequently  the  degree  to  which  it  is 
magnetic  seems  surprising.  In  any  case,  it  may 
be  well  to  warn  experimentalists  that  asbestos  is 
not  a  suitable  substance  to  employ  in  connection 
with  delicate  instruments  where  any  unsuspect- 
ed permanent  magnetism  might  be  productive  of 
serious  error 


70 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  2,  1895. 


Some  Practical  Results. 


To  the  Editor : — I  have  read  with  much  interest 
the  articles  on  the  "  Limitations  of  the  Stamp  Mill," 
and  believing  tbitt  some  results  obtained  by  me  in 
working  in  the  line  indicated  by  Mr.  Phillip  Argall  in 
his  discussion  of  Mr.  T.  A.  Eickards'  paper  would  in- 
terest some  of  your  readers,  I  submit  the  following: 

The  value  of  the  ores  here  is  almost  entirely  in  the 
sulphides — iron,  zinc,  copper  and  lead;  hence  the  end 
sought  in  designing  a  plant  was  to  crush  sufficiently 
to  clean  the  quartz  and  avoid  slimes  as  far  as  prac- 
ticable. The  fact  that  the  concentrates  were  to  be 
treated  by  chlorination  was  also  considered.  For  a 
crusher  a  Tustin  pulverizer  is  used,  and  a  McGlew 
concentrator  handles  the  pulp. 

About  fifty  tons  were  crushed  and  concentrated, 
with  no  plates  for  catching  free  gold.  A  number  of 
tests  of  pulp  and  tailings  were  made  from  time  to 
time,  the  samples  being  taken  with  care.  The  re- 
sults invariably  showed  ninety  to  ninety-four  per- 
cent saved  in  the  concentrates,  so  long  as  a  forty- 
mesh  screen  was  used.  A  thirty-mesh  showed  an  ad- 
ditional loss  of  ten  per  cent,  which  was  remedied  by 
replacing  the  forty-mesh. 

A  short  piece  of  amalgamated  copper  plate  has 
since  been  placed  directly  under  the  discharge  of  the 
mill,  and  while  saving  practically  all  visible  free  gold, 
does  not  appreciably  increase  the  total  percentage 
saved.  Some  small  lots  of  custom  ore  have  been 
worked.  The  results  of  one  lot  show  the  following 
figures: 
4%  tons  of  ore  worked  yielded  of  Tree  gold,  3  oz.  8  grs. .  .$  39.00 

Concentrates,  1200  fts,  containing 124.23 

4  tons  (scant)  of  tailings,  containing 5.80 

The  assays  of  concentrates  showed — 

Silver 8.5   oz.,  worth  s    6.13,  at  73c.  per  oz. 

Gold S.50  oz.,  worth    200.93 

S307.05  per  ton. 
Tailings  averaged — 

Silver 36  oz.,  or  $  .25  per  ton. 

Gold 07  oz.,  or    1.45  per  ton. 

§1.70  per  ton. 

These  results  were  obtained  on  undecomposed  ore, 
and  in  handling  a  ton  in  from  six  to  eight  hours.  On 
decomposed  ores,  with  forty-mesh  screen,  the  re- 
sults have  been  a  trifle  less  than  when  worked  in 
stamp  mill  or  arrastra.  E.  L.  Ballou. 

Falls  Mine,  Igo  P.  O.,  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  Jan.  26,  '95. 


Public   Expenditures. 


Geographical  Society  of  the  Pacific. 


The  January  meeting  of  this  society  was  held  last 
Tuesday  evening  at  Union  Square  hall.  Henry  Lund, 
Consul  for  Norway  and  Sweden,  who  has  recently  re- 
turned from  a  vacation  in  Europe,  read  an  interest- 
ing paper  on  the  "  Lost  Relics  of  the  Jeannette  Ex- 
pedition." These  relics,  it  will  be  remembered,  were 
removed  by  Lt.  De  Long's  party  from  the  steamer 
before  she  went  down,  off  the  Siberian  coast,  and 
abandoned  on  an  ice  floe  when  the  start  was  made 
for  shore.  The  floe  carried  them  across  the  Polar 
sea,  down  the  east  coast  of  Greenland,  and  they 
were  picked  up  in  Baffin's  bay  after  three  years'  voy- 
aging. The  Governor  of  Greenland  sent  them,  to 
Copenhagen  where  they  were  stored  and  finally 
thrown  away  as  worthless.  Their  value  to  scientists 
is,  that  they  showed  the  existence  of  a  current  cross- 
ing the  mysterious  Polar  sea,  that  unknown  region 
which  has  baffled  so  many  well-planned  expeditions. 
Prof.  Nordenskiold  is  now  up  there  with  a  specially 
built  vessel,  in  which  he  will  seek  to  reach  the  point 
where  the  Jeannette  was  lost,  and  thence  drift  with 
the  icebergs  over  the  course  the  relics  took,  coming 
out  near  Greenland.  Mr.  Lund  was  followed  by 
Professor  Davidson  with  a  paper  on  "  The  Military 
Status  of  China,"  by  Rev.  Gilbert  Reid,  Chief  of  the 
Missionary  Board  at  Shanghai. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  addressed  by  Professor 
J.  M.  Schajberle,  of  Lick  telescope  fame. 

Electric  clocks  are  becoming  familiar  every- 
where. The  process  by  which  they  are  set  is  the 
invention  of  W.  F.  Gardner  of  Washington,  D.  C. 
Every  day  in  the  year,  at  five  minutes  before  twelve, 
the  Western  Union  Telegraph  Company  stops  all 
business  and  throws  open  all  circuits.  At  noon  pre- 
cisely a  button  is  touched  in  the  Naval  Observatory 
at  Washington,  and  an  electric  spark  flashes  to  all 
parts  of  the  country,  causing  the  hands  of  100,000 
clocks  to  point  to  the  hour  of  twelve.  The  same 
spark  causes  time-balls  to  fall  at  all  seaports  along 
the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  coasts.  These  time-balls 
are  for  the  benefit  of  mariues,  enabling  them  to  reg- 
ulate their  chronometers. 


The  largest  permanent  store  of  coined  money  in 
the  world  is  in  the  imperial  war  treasure  of  Germany, 
a  portion  saved  for  emergencies  from  the  $1,000,000,- 
000  paid  by  France  after  the  Franco-Prussian  war 
and  locked  up  in  the  Julius  tower  of  the  fortress  of 
Spandau.     It  amounts  to  the  value  of  830,000,000. 

The  best  burglar-proof  safes  are  made  of  alternate 
layers  of  hard  and  soft  metal,  which  are  welded  to- 
gether. This  combination  will  not  v'ie}d  to  .Hther 
drill  or  sledge  hammer, 


There  is  a  direct  relationship  between  prudence  in 
public  expenditures  and  political  morality;  and  by 
those  whose  eyes  are  open  to  the  deeper  significance 
of  things,  this  fact  appears  the  most  important  of  the 
many  considerations  supporting  the  reform  effort  at 
Sacramento.  Reasonable  appropriations  for  legiti- 
mate purposes  would  make  the  State  service  a  busi- 
ness instead  of  a  political  organization  and  would 
prevent  the  ten  thousand  petty  corruptions  which 
destroy  the  dignity  of  official  life  and  degrade  to  a 
greater  or  less  degree  the  character  of  everybody 
connected  with  it.  Thus  a  system  of  reckless  ex- 
penditure first  impoverishes  the  tax-payer  and  then 
vitiates  our  public  service.  It  is  not  too  much  to 
say  that  every  dollar  unwisely  spent  in  an  economic 
sense  is  a  dollar  viciously  spent  in  a  moral  sense. 
It  is  the  illegitimacy  of  our  public  expenditures  which 
makes  the  scene  alike  pitiful  and  shameful  just  now 
to  be  witnessed  at  Sacramento.  The  State  Capitol 
swarms  with  place  hunters  of  every  age,  condition 
and  sex — present  not  because  they  have  any  genuine 
taste  or  capacity  for  public  service,  but  because  it 
is  known  that  effrontery,  importunity  and  petty 
bribery  may  open  to  them  small  streams  of  illegiti- 
mate profit  at  the  public  cost.  There  is  now  in 
session  at  Sacramento  a  legislature  elected  in  the 
midst  of  hard  times  and  pledged  to  economy;  but  in 
spite  of  these  facts,  it  is  spending  $728  per  day  for 
clerk  hire.  Of  course,  everybody  knows  that  this  is 
unnecessary  and  without  excuse;  that  the  legislature 
would  be  better  off  if  it  would  go  about  its  work  un- 
annoyed  by  a  swarm  of  sinecure  employes.  It  is 
illegitimate,  it  is  vicious — but  it  goes  with  the  system 
and  will  continue  until  the  system  shall  be  super- 
seded by  another  founded  upon  and  limited  by  the 
necessities  of  the  public  service.  Another  fact  very 
notable  at  Sacramento  just  now  is  that  funds  appro- 
priated for  the  promotion  of  certain  large  public  in- 
tents are  being  spent  to  secure  still  further  appro- 
priations. Thus,  State  money  given  into  the  hands 
of  commissions  is  being  used  to  perpetuate  the  life 
of  these  commissions  rather  than  for  the  purposes 
for  which  it  was  (with  rather  more  than  less  impro- 
priety) originally  designed.  It  might  further  be 
shown  how  there  is  at  Sacramento  a  powerful  lobby 
of  present  officials,  of  prospective  officials  and  of 
political  managers  united  in  a  defensive  fight  for  the 
system  as  it  now  exists.  These  facts  illustrate  the 
connection  between  public  extravagance  and  political 
immorality;  and  they  afford  the  best  possible  reason 
— a  reason  even  more  vital  and  profound  than  the 
purely  economic  motive  upon  which  the  reform  move- 
ment is  founded — why  the  whole  system  should  be 
swept  out  of  existence.  Does  anybody  suppose  for 
one  moment  that,  if  State  appropriations  were  given 
only  to  legitimate  uses,  and  if  places  and  salaries 
were  limited  to  legitimate  service,  that  the  gang 
which  now  discredits  the  State  and  degrades  itself 
would  be  found  at  Sacramento  ? 


A  Denver  manufacturer  who  recently  returned 
from  a  business  trip  to  Mexico,  explains  to  the 
Rocky  Mountain  News  why  American  trade  with  Mex- 
ico is  rapidly  falling  away.  He  says  the  reason  is 
the  high  rate  of  exchange  made  necessary  by  the 
difference  in  the  value  of  the  dollars  of  the  two  coun- 
tries. Relatively  to  commodities,  Mexican  dollars 
are  the  same  in  value  as  they  were  before  1873, 
while  the  American  dollars  have  doubled  in  value. 
That  is,  a  ton  of  wheat  or  a  bale  of  cotton  will  com- 
mand as  many  dollars  as  ever  in  Mexico,  while  they 
will  command  only  half  as  many  in  the  United 
States.  The  result  is  that  when  a  mining  or  other 
operator  in  Mexico  purchases  a  plant  of  machinery 
hi  the  United  States,  say  at  $2500,  he  is  compelled  to 
pay  $5000  for  it  in  his  own  money.  The  difference  is 
the  exchange  rate  between  the  two  countries.  Mexi- 
cans are  getting  very  tired  of  this,  with  the  result 
that  they  are  not  only  curtailing  foreign  purchases, 
but  are  rapidly,  under  the  protection  whbh  this  high 
rate  of  exchange  affords,  building  up  manufactories 
of  their  own  and  becoming  independent  of  the 
United  States  and  Europe. 

The  statement  of  the  Denver  manufacturer  to  the 
News  is  in  harmony  with  that  latel}'  made  by  Ameri- 
can Minister  Grey,  who  about  a  month  ago  returned 
from  the  City  of  Mexico  to  his  home  in  Indianapolis. 
Mr.  Grey  declared  that  capital  was  eagerly  seeking 
investment  in  Mexico,  that  manufacturing  industries 
and  railways  were  rapidly  increasing,  and  that  the 
country  was  making  extraordinary  progress  and  en- 
joying extraordinary  prosperity.  •> 

Professor  Heilprin  says  in  the  New  Science  Review 
that,  however  tempting  other  explanations  may  ap- 
pear, scientists  have  gradually  settled  down  to  the 
conviction,  made  inevitable  by  a  practical  demonstra- 
tion, that  the  guiding  power  of  ocean  currents  is  resi- 
dent in  the  non-periodic  winds,  or  such  as  blow  con- 
stantly from  definite  quarters. 

Marine  insurance  was  practiced  in  Rome  B.  C. 
45.  It  was  very  general  in  Europe  before  the  dis- 
covery of  America,  and  it  is  altogether  probable  that 
the  ships  of  Columbus  were  insured  for  their  full 

valuei 


Some  Commendatory  Notices. 

The  following  from  our  friends  of  the  interior  illus- 
trates the  feeling  with  which  this  paper  is  received  in 
all  mining  communities.  Space  precludes  the  repro- 
duction of  more  than  one-tenth  of  such  comments 
which,  though  not  republished,  are  none  the  less  ap- 
preciated : 

Brighter  Than  Ever. 

The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  published  at  San  Fran- 
cisco, has  just  ended  thirty-four  years  of  usefulness,  and  is 
brighter  than  ever.  This  journal  has  tilled  a  field,  and  tilled 
it  so  well,  that  it  now  ranks  above  any  of  its  kind  in  the 
United  States.  Being  published  in  the  very  midst  of  the  min- 
ing industry,  it  has  advantages  which  others  do  not  possess. 
We  wish  the  publishers  continued  prosperity. — Auburn  Repub- 
lican. 

Valuable  Information. 

The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  has  entered  upon  its 
thirty-fifth  year  with  indications  of  increased  prosperity.  It 
devotes  much  space  to  the  mining  industry  of  the  Pacific 
coast,  laying  before  its  readers  valuable  information  relative 
thereto.  It  should  receive  hearty  support  among  the  miners. 
— Plumas  National-Bulletin. 

A  Good  Paper. 

With  the  issue  of  December  29, 1894,  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press  ,  completed  its  sixty-ninth  volume.  While  a 
"class1'  paper*  it  has  been  for  more  than  thirty  years  a  wel- 
come visitor  in  every  mountain  household.  Abounding  in  mat- 
ter of  interest  to  miners,  it  has  carefully  withheld  the  use  of 
its  columns  from  the  promoter  and  the  boomer,  who  for  many 
years  have  been  a  dead  weight  on  the  mining  industry  of  the 
State.— Plumas  Independent. 

A  Journalistic  Success. 

With  1S95  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, begins  its  seventieth  volume  and  thirty-fifth  year  of 
publication.  This  journal  is  one  of  the  most  widely  and  favor- 
ably known  on  the  coast,  and  we  have  yet  to  find  the  first 
subscriber  to  it  who  has  anything  but  good  words  for  it.  It  is 
one  of  the  journalistic  successes  of  the  West,  and  we  hope  it 
will  enjoy  continued  prosperity. — Inyo  Register. 
Reliable  Information. 

The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  has  completed  its  sixty- 
ninth  volume  and  is  thirty-four  years  old.  It  is  the  oldest 
paper  of  its  class  in  the  United  States,  and  the  best  paper  we 
know  of  to  afford  reliable  information  concerning  the  mining 
industry  of  the  Pacific  coast.  Every  mining  mau  should  read 
it  and  keep  up  with  the  times. — Placerville  Republican. 
Money  Well  Spent. 

Miners  should  take  more  interest  in  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press,  at  least  in  this  section.  It  has  just  closed  the 
thirty-fourth  year  of  its  existence,  and  certainly  keeps  apace 
with  the  progress  of  the  age.  Go  to  Shepherd,  or  to  any  other 
news  agent,  and  subscribe  for  that  excellent  organ  of  your  in- 
dustry, aud  we  know  you  will  not  regret  it.  Its  price  is  S3, 
but  it  will  be  money  well  spent. — Georgetown  Gazette. 

The  Peer  of  Any  Publication. 

The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  of  San  Francisco,  has 
just  entered  upon  a  new  volume  that  will  close  the  thirty-fifth 
year  of  its  publication.  As  a  practical  journal  for  miners,  it  is 
the  peer  of  any  publication  in  the  world.  It  has  established  a 
reputation  for  accurate  and  reliable  information,  and  is  up  to 
date  in  all  information  concerning  the  mining  industry.  Per- 
haps the  greatest  compliment  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  has  received  was  the  notification  from  the  United 
States  Committee  on  Awards  of  the  World's  Columbian  Ex- 
position that  the  paper  had  received  an  award  l-  for  its  general 
excellence  and  reliability,  and  the  fullness  and  accuracy  of  its 
reports."— Colfax  Sentinel. 


Mr.  Thwaite,  the  gas  engineer,  proposes  to  use 
blast  furnace  gases  as  a  source  of  power.  He  points 
out  that  whatever  experiments  or  proposals  may 
have  been  previously  made  in  this  direction,  they 
could  hardly  have  been  ou  all-fours  with  his  present 
scheme,  which  aims  at  the  direct  transformation  of 
the  heat  of  the  gases  into  power  iu  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  the  blast  furnaces,  and  by  means  of  the 
direct  combination  of  gases  in  internal  combustion 
engines  of  the  largest  powers  available  at  present — 
up  to  650-horse  power — he  proposes  to  convert 
this  power  into  an  electrical  form  of  energy,  at  high 
pressures,  for  distribution  to  any  works  or  electric 
light  installations  within  a  twenty-mile  radius  of 
the  blast  furnace. 


At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  stockholders  of  the 
Utah  Con.  Mining  Co.  on  the  30th  ult.,  87,725  shares 
were  represented  and  the  following  officers  were 
elected  to  serve  for  the  ensuing  year:  H.  B.  Havens, 
pi-esident;  George  R.  Wells,  H.  Zadig,  E.  B.  Holmes 
and  A.  S.  Wollberg,  directors.  A.  W.  Havens  was 
re-elected  secretary  and  D.  B.  Lyman  superin- 
tendent. The  secretary's  financial  report  shows  a 
credit  of  $3612. 


The  Colorado  Fuel  and  Iron  Company,  Pueblo, 
Colo.,  the  only  producers  and  manufacturers  of  iron 
and  steel  in  Colorado,  turned  out-the  following  prod- 
ucts during  the  year  1894:  Pig  iron,  70,961  tons; 
spiegel,  3,923  tons;  castings,  3,109  tons;  steel  rails, 
66,619  tons;  spikes,  846  tons;  merchant  iron,  6,678 
tons;  steel  angle  bars,  844  tons;  iron  ore  smelted, 
156,997  tons. 


According  to  the  Gas  World  the  intrinsic  brilliancy 
per  unit  of  area  of  the  filament  of  an  incandescent 
lamp  is  133  times  greater  than  that  of  the  gaseous 
rival  which  has  appropriated  the  first  half  of  its 
name.  It  seems  probable  that  in  this  estimate  the 
meshes  of  the  gauze  in  the  latter  lamp  have  been 
taken  as  if  solid. 


Mr.  Flood  leaves  this  evening  for  a  month's  trip 
to  New  York,  where  he  is  to  meet  Mr.  Mackay,  on 
business,  who  is  unable  to  come  to  this  city. 


Local  mining  companies  disbursed  $99,700  divi- 
dends in  Jan.,  '94,  and  SJ80,g50  in  Jan.,  '95, 


February  2,   1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


71 


The  Mineral   Hydrocarbons. 


Thrir  MiNli.rv  .  (ico^raphv  .  Ucolnu>  .  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  und  Uses. 


Nl'MUKH  XX 


Written  f'»l  the  MlNINli  ami  Sri  hNT I  Mr  l*lu.*s  tluil 
a  Henry  G.  Hank*.  K  .;    S 

1867.  —  In  this  year  Professor  Silli 
in. in  wrote  his  celebrated  paper  on 
California  petroleum,  which  nilleil 
forth  so  much  i-omment.  It  was  pub 
lisbed  in  Silli'man'i  Journal,  April  I. 
1867  previous  to  its  being  read  before 
the  California  Academy  of  Sciences, 
April  1,  1867,  for  which  reason  it  was 
nol  published  in  the  proceedings  of 
that  Bociety, 

The   conclusion    of    this    paper    was 
hpd  in  the  Mining  and  SCIENTIFIC 
I'HFS-.  v,,l     u.  fol.  215. 

oil  operations  ceased  in  Humboldt 
county  in  most  cases.  The  Irwin  Davis 
Company,  by  means  of  a  portable  en- 
gine, sank  626  feet,  and  the  Union 
Rfattole  Company  at  i-ilMI  fret  obtained 
thirty  gallons  of  oil  per  day. 

Lyon  and  Jenkins  returned  to  the 
claims  they  had  abandoned   ten   years 

Jenkins    went    to   Sespe  I 

Piru;  Lyon  remained  at  Pico.  Lyon's 
Station  was  named  for  him.  He  died 
in  1883. 

The  "Fargo"  well,  sunk  in  Moody 
gulch  to  a  depth  of  400  feet,  yielded 
one  barrel  of  oil  per  day,  and  from  a 
well  at  Criswold's  place,  two  miles 
from  Lexington,  500  feet  deep,  oil  and 
salt  water  were  obtained. 

In  a  well  in  Colusa  county,  the  water 
was  seen  to  rise  like  the  tide  at  3  p.  M. 
and  fi  a.  M.  At  Antelope  valley, 
eighteen  miles  north  of  Oil  Center,  in 
the  .inn-  county,  there  was  a  salt 
water  pond,  and  salt,  water  was  found 
in  wells  sunk  for  oil.  At  this  time, 
right  oil  wells  had  been  put  down  in 
Colusa  county. 

On  January  28th,  twelve  barrels  of 
crude  oil  were  shipped  from  Pico 
canyon,  r.os  Angeles  county. 

Among  the  mineral  specimens  sent 
to  the  Paris  Exposition  of  18(17  from 
California  was  petroleum  from  Mat- 
tple  and  Joel's  Flat,  Humboldt  county; 
Nobles  springs,  Santa  Barbara  county; 
Wiley's  springs,  Pico  canyon;  and 
Hughes'  springs,  Los  Angeles  county; 
Hay  ward  &  Coleman's  and  Stanford 
Brothers'  claims,  Sulphur  mountain, 
Ventura  county;  from  Canada  Larga 
and  Charles  Stott's  claim,  Santa  Bar- 
bara county;  from  Santa  Cruz  county; 
and  from  Bear  creek,  Colusa  county. 

Experiments  made  at  Corral  Hollow, 
San  Joaquin  county,  to  distill  coal  oil 
from  shale  were  not  a  success. 

Previous  to  1867  nearly  all  the  Cali- 
fornia asphaltum  in  the  State  was 
mined  in  Los  Angeles  and  Santa  Bar- 
bara counties.  The  best  market  was 
San  Francisco,  where  the  price  was 
from  $15  to  $20  per  ton. 

1868.— In  1868  Hayward  &  Coleman, 
of  San  Francisco,  advertised  "  superior 
lubricating  oil,  manufactured  from 
California  petroleum." 

Mr.  Davis  leased  Wiley  springs,  in 
the  San  Fernando  mountains,  three 
miles  east  of  Pico  canyon.  He  col- 
lected all  the  oil  he  could  from  the  sur- 
face and  sent  it  to  the  Metropolitan 
Cas  Works  in  San  Francisco;  this  was 
continued  for  about  one  year.  This 
company's  office  was  at  that  time  at 
810  Montgomery  street. 

1869. — An  extensive  petroleum  busi- 
ness was  conducted  by  the  San-  Buena- 
ventura Manufacturing  and  Mining 
Company,  incorporated  with  a  capital 
of  $2,500,000.  This  company  owned  all 
the  known  oil  springs  in  Santa  Bar- 
bara county,  except  the  Ojai  wells, 
some  distance  inland.  Several  experi- 
mental refineries  were  discontinued. 
A  number  of  establishments  began  to 
use  petroleum  for  fuel. 

The  first  important  work  was  done 
at  Pico  canyon  by  Mr.  Hughes,  who 
put  down  a  spring  pole  well  named 
''The  Pico." 

1871. — Petroleum  was  discovered  on 
Augmentation  rancho,  Soquel,  Santa 
Clara  county,  and  in  Livermore  valley, 
Alameda  county ;  the  former  discovery 
was  by  a  party  of  hunters,  who  found 
the  water  nauseating  from  the  pres- 
ence of  coal  oil,  The  Livermore  dis- 
covery caused  considerable  excitement, 


At  the  depth  of  Hfty-five  feet,  in  a  well 
being  put  down,  gas  ignited  at  the 
tlame  of  a  candle  and  a  constant  roar- 
ing sound  was  heard  at  the  bottom  of 
the  well.  The  blue  mud  taken  out 
smelled  of  oil  and  sulphur 

lames  P.  Sargent  owned  an  extensive 

area  on  the  Juristo  rancho,  about  four 

miles  from  Oilroy,  the  beds  of  brea 
covered  about  twenty  acres  During 
this  year  they  produced  500  ton-,  of 
asphaltum. 

f872. — Charles  Stott  again  worked 
at  Sulphur  mountain,  Ventura  county. 
with  better  success  ( me  hundred 
barrels  of  oil  from  Pico  canyon,  San 
Fernando  district.  Los  Angeles  county, 
were  shipped  to  San  Francisco  for  an 
experiment  in  refining 

1873.— The  San  Fernando  district,  ly- 
ing thirty-five  miles  from  Los  An- 
geles, and  thirteen  miles  from  the  mis- 
sion nf  San  Fernando,  had  two  tunnels 
driven  into  the  hills,  one  70  and  the 
other  100  feet  long,  from  which  oil 
flowed  in  a  continual  stream.  It  was 
conducted  in  iron  pipes  to  large  tanks. 
Oil  was  also  dipped  in  buckets  from 
superficial  springs. 

It  was  proposed  to  build  a  refinery 
at  Los  Angeles,  and  the  following  esti- 
mate of  the  cost  of  refining  was  pub- 
lished: 

Cost  of  oil  at  wells  or  depot— cents 15.0 

Hauling 2.5 

Refining 2.5 

Packages 3.0 

Sundries 1.0 

Total  cost 24.0 

Market  value 40.0 

Profit 16.0 

The  Star  Oil  Company  built  their 
first  still  in  San  Francisco,  and  shipped 
it  to  Los  Angeles.  The  refinery  was 
located  at  Lyons'  station,  one  mile  from 
Newhall.  The  works  were  under  the 
superintendence  of  William  B.  Smith, 
refiner.  This  was  the  foundation  of  the 
refinery  near  Pico.  Wood  was  used  as 
fuel;  there  was  a  diversity  of  opinion 
as  to  the  true  nature  of  the  oil,  and 
the  proper  way  to  refine  it;  no  satis- 
factory results  were  obtained,  and  in 
1876  the  works  were  sold  to  Scott  and 
Baker,  who  also  failed  to  make  them 
pay.  Mr.  Shoemaker  succeeded  them, 
but  could  not  make  sufficient  oil  to  be 
profitable.  Mr.  A.  J.  Scott  then  took 
the  refinery  and  met  with  fair  success. 

1874.— Messrs.  Temple,  Moore,  and 
Pico  worked  in  Pico  canyon,  Los 
Angeles  county.  The  oil  they  obtained 
was  sent  to  the  refinery  at  Lyons'  sta- 
tion. At  this  time  there  was  consider- 
able activity  in  the  production  of  pe- 
troleum at  Sulphur  Mountain,  Ventura 
country.  Hay  ward's  claim  produced 
ten  barrels  daily  of  32°  gravity  oil; 
Stanford's,  six  barrels  daily;  the  Santa 
Paula  Oil  Company,  ten  barrels  daily; 
the  San  Fernando  company,  near 
Camulos,  about  ten  barrels  daily.  All 
this  oil  was  obtained  from  natural 
flows.  Two  hundred  barrels  per  month 
were  used  by  the  Central  Pacific  rail- 
road for  lubricating  purposes,  but  there 
was  but  little  other  demand  for  the 
crude  oil.  There  were  also  some  new 
oil  springs  discovered  in  Sespe  canyon. 
A  deposit  of  asphaltum  was  discovered 
in  San  Luis  Obispo  county,  on  land 
owned  by  Steele  Bros.,  and  a  contract 
was  made  to  haul  fifty  tons  to  landing 
to  be  shipped  to  San  Francisco. 

The  Chandler  Oil  Mining  Company  of 
Los  Angeles  was  incorporated  in  Feb- 
ruary, of  which  George  Caffey  was 
president,  and  C.  H.  Howard  secre- 
tary. B.  Chandler  was  superintend- 
ent. 

The  company's  wells  were  at  Petro- 
lia,  on  section  5,  township  3  south;  and 
range  '■>  west.  The  company  com- 
menced operations  on  section  1,  range 
10  west,  and  obtained  oil  at  a  depth 
of  from  100  to  300  feet.  The  oil  had  a 
density  of  from  15°  to  30°  Beaume. 
One  well  produced  150  barrels,  which 
sold  for  from  $4.50  to  $12  per  barrel. 
Mr.  Chandler  informed  me  that  within 
two  years  500  barrels  had  been  pro- 
duced at  Petrol  ia,  which  I  visited  in 
May,  1884.  Two  wells  were  being  sunk. 
No.  1  was  down  290  feet,  and  No.  2 
240  feet.  From  No.  1  quite  a  quantity 
of  black  tar  oil  (maltha)  had  been 
pumped.  A  tank  holding  from  seven 
to  ten  barrels  was  standing  full.  Com- 
mon brea,  which  contained  what 
seemed  to  be  ionite,  was  burned  under 


the  boiler  and  was  the  only  fuel  used. 
(The  presence  of  ionite  was  also  ob- 
served at  Sargent's,  Santa  Clara 
county.)     The  wells  at  Petrolia  are  on 

small  loot  hill  elevations  above  Ana 
heiui;  tin-  direction  or  trend  of  the 
hills  is  about  east  by  south.  A  small 
creek  runs  down,  south  by  west,  to  the 
plains;  on  both  of  which  brea  has 
flowed  and  formed  terraces  as  at 
Sargent's,  and  the  ''black  tar'  is 
similar.  Of  the  brea  there  are  a  iiiim 
her  of  varieties— some  cellular,  like 
volranic  scoria,  and  mixed  with  sand; 
several  grades  of  maltha,  and  some 
brown  and  light-colored  bitumens  re- 
sembling ionite.  In  several  directions 
from  the  oil  wells  might  be  seen  ex- 
tensive patches  of  crude  brea  which 
had  flowed  from  the  hillsides.  Mr. 
J.  W.  Snow's  well  was  about  a  mile 
from  Petrolia;  it  was  550  feet  deep, 
but  unfortunately  for  the  owner  it  was 
a  dry  hole.  This  well  was  at  first  a 
square  shaft  44  reet  deep,  from  the 
bottom  of  which  a  six-inch  well  was 
sunk  through  the  soft  sandstone.  At 
250  feet  and  for  150  feet  lower,  sand- 
stone was  pierced.  The  sand  was  like 
that  in  the  brea. 

1875. — The  estimated  sum  total  of 
crude  oil  produced  in  the  State  up  to 
date  was  175,000  barrels. 

1876. — During  this  year  the  California 
Star  Oil  Company  of  Los  Angeles  was 
engaged  in  sinking  wells  in  Pico  can- 
yon, Los  Angeles  county;  the  yield  of 
the  district  was  forty  barrels  per  day. 
The  State  production  of  oil  for  the  year 
was  12,000  barrels,  making  the  total 
yield  to  date  187,000  barrels. 

1877. — The  California  Star  Oil  Com- 
pany, under  management  of  J.  A. 
Scott,  produced  twenty  barrels  of  re- 
fined oil  at  the  Pico  refinery.  The 
Ventura  wells  were  pumping  eighty 
barrels  daily;  those  of  Pico  canyon 
from  forty  to  fifty.  For  the  first  time 
steam  machinery  was  used  in  sinking 
wells  at  this  locality. 

Thirteen  thousand  barrels  of  crude 
oil  were  produced  in  California  in  1877, 
making  the  total  from  commencement 
200,000  barrels. 

The  Columbia  well  at  Buena  Vista, 
Kern  county,  was  drilled  by  Mr. 
Meyers.  At  300  feet  the  bit  pene- 
trated a  cavity  of  oil  and  gas,  which 
raised  the  tools  120  feet  and  entangled 
them  with  the  rope.  After  this  acci- 
dent the  well  was  abandoned. 

Charles  N.  Felton  and  P.  C.  Mc- 
Pherson  commenced  work  in  Moody 
gulch,  in  the  Santa  Cruz  mountains,  on 
the  old  Boyer  well.  At  700  feet  a  rush 
of  gas  and  oil  occurred,  which  rose  100 
feet  above  the  mouth  of  the  well,  and 
100  barrels  of  oil  were  said  to  have 
been  lost.  For  some  time  after,  sixty 
barrels  of  oil  having  a  gravity  of  46° 
were  pumped  from  this  well.  The  oil 
was  sent  to  the  refinery  near  Newhall, 
Los  Angeles  county. 

1878. — In  September  of  this  year,  in 
a  communication  to  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press,  Mr.  Edward  Madden, 
an  oil  expert,  stated  that  the  oil  of 
Ventura  county  was  inferior  to  that  of 
Pennsylvania  as  an  illuminator,  but 
superior  as  a  lubricator.  In  the  same 
paper  he  gave  the  production  of  the 
Star  Oil  Works  at  150  barrels  per  day 
and  the  yearly  consumption  of  oil  in 
the  State  at  3,500,000  gallons,  valued 
at  $1,000,000.  His  opinion  based  on 
surface  indications  was  that  the 
southern  portion  of  Los  Angeles  county 
was  full  of  oil.  The  total  production 
for  the  year  was  15,227  barrels;  total 
production  to  date,  215,227  barrels. 

1879.— On  the  10th  of  September  the 
Pacific  Coast  Oil  Company  of  San 
Francisco  was  incorporated.  There 
were  five  wells  at  Pico  from  200  to  600 
feet  deep,  eight  in  Ventura  county  on 
ex-Mission  lands,  all  yielding  oil  by 
pumping,  and  one  well  at  Sespe,  1500 
feet  deep,  yielding  100  barrels  of  oil  per 
day.  A  refinery  at  San  Buenaventura 
caught  fire  and  was  blown  up.  The 
yield  of  oil  in  the  State  for  the  year 
was  19,858  barrels  and  the  total  to 
date  253,085  barrels. 

(To  be  Continued.) 


INVENTORS,      Take.      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

221!  Market  St.,  N.  E,  Corner  Front  (Up  Staira),  San 
Franciscu,  Experimental  machinery  und  all  kiiula 
of  moilela,  Tin  unit  bi-u^HS\'ul,k.  All  i/tHHnnuilim- 
tloiiB  strictly  conMfntiul 


I  RUPTURE! 

It  iiuh  been  i-onHhi^rt.;  by  !»■•  m«Uoa! 
profession  that  hernia-  comi  only  oBlled 
rupture—  wmk  Incurable,  ezeept  liy  *urgl- 
csri  operation!  which  t*  both  dangerous 

to  life  and  very  run-Iy  ever  sut'r-esa&ll.  liut 
DK.  J.  U.  ANTHONY,  of  si;  and  H7  CHRONI- 
CLE Ul'ILDINU,  hi-  opeued  a  new  Held  fur 
research,  aud  for  the  past  year  Iihk  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cure*,  lie  nausea  the 
patient  no  palu,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  tloie  only  while  In  IiIh  otllce 
once  or  twice  weekly,  lie  guarantees  every 
case  he  treata,  and  does  not  ask  a  ninu  for  a 
dollar  unlepin  he  cures  him,  ho  there  can  lie  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
CoUege,  of  New  York  City. 

*  *  PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 
Dredgers, 

Shovels. 


Complete  "  Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating, 
Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer 
ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  nf 
water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Gold  yield  Insured. 

Outfits  include  "  Lancaster"  iBOft  Land  or  Hiver 
Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction. 
Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required. 
Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 
machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

37CORTLANDT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


Business     College, 

24  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY -FIVE    DOLLARS 

ThlB  College  instructs  in  Shorthand.  TypB-Wl'HlilK 
Bookkeeping,   Telegraphy,    Penmanship.    Draw  Int.', 

all  the  Erip-ilHii  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  Wh  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  cive  individual  Instruction  tu  all  otir 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  heen  esiabllshed  under  a  thoroughly  Qualified 
instructor.  The  course  is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  See. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACKAMKNTO CALIFORNIA. 

ROOT,  NETlSON  &  C0.,O 

— Manufacturers  of— 

STEAH   ENGINES,  BOILERS, 

And  alt  kinds  of 
■f    ♦    MACHINERY  FOR  JUININQ  PURPOSES. 


Flonr  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 

FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IN  <Sr  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


♦  THE  -f 

Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J.  F.  KEMP,  A.  B„  E.  M.,  Professor  or  Geology, 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 

Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  New- 
Illustrations. 

A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  miniug 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coasi.  Sent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $-1,00.    Address 

Mining:  and  Scientific  Press, 

'i'io  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


KSffiWMWELL  MAGHINERYwrk-. 

All  klmla  of  tuol.».  Fortune  Tor  the  driller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  pr<.ce>-e;  can  taU  encore.  Perfected  JJoonorn- 
lout  Artcalau  Pumping  RlOTf  work  by  eteam,  Air,j?te, 
Ldtuvli«lp.Y-u.  TllUAUKKlUAN  WELL  WORKS, 
4t.rors,  iU.;    fbieaeo,  111.:    Dullui,  T«s* 


72 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  2,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 


Economy  Through  Thermal  Stor- 
age. 


Not  only  does  the  modern  steam- 
power  plant  extract  a  mere  fraction  of 
the  latent  energy  stored  in  the  coal 
consumed,  but  that  fraction  is  often 
subject  to  serious  diminution  where  the 
work  to  be  performed  varies  from  hour 
to  hour.  It  is  a  well-known  fact  that 
the  proportion  of  fuel  required  to  each 
horse  power  used  is  greater  in  such  a 
case  than  when  the  work  continues  at 
an  even  rate  through  the  whole  twenty- 
four  hours,  as,  for  instance,  on  an 
ocean  steamship.  In  electric  light  and 
railway  stations  the  "load"  is  very 
heavy  during  part  of  the  day,  and  very 
light  during  the  rest  of  it.  It  has  been 
computed  by  Prof.  Forbes  that  even 
with  the  most  careful  management  the 
extra  fuel  burned  in  a  lighting  station 
amounts  to  forty-three  per  cent  of  the 
quantity  that  would  otherwise  be  used; 
and  with  less  care  the  excess  would  be 
still  greater. 

-  How  to  avoid  this  waste  is  a  problem 
for  which  experts  have  found  various 
partial  solutions.  One  plan  that  has 
recently  been  adopted  by  progressive 
managers  is  to  run  the  engine  at  a 
proper  average  speed  right  through 
the  day,  to  store  most.of  the  electrical 
output  in  accumulators  during  the  com- 
paratively idle  hours,  and  then  to  draw 
on  these  as  well  as  the  dynamo  when 
the  load  is  at  its  maximum.  But  such 
a  system  adds  largely  to  the  original 
cost  of  the  outfit,  and,  it  is  alleged, 
wastes  at  least  twenty  per  cent  of  the 
stored  energy.  It  seems  probable, 
therefore,  that-  what  is  called  the 
"thermal  storage"  idea,  which  has 
yielded  excellent  results  abroad,  will 
receive  increased  attention. 

A  plan  adopted  with  a  satisfactory 
degree  of  success  maintains  a  uniform 
fuel  consumption,  and  when  the  load  is 
light  conveys  the  surplus  heat  to  water 
tanks,  which  are  suitably  connected 
with  the  boiler,  and  whose  capacity  has 
been  very  carefully  adapted  to  the  re- 
quirements of  the  station.  In  these 
tanks  the  temperature  is  permitted  to 
rise  considerably  above  what  would  be 
the  boiling  point  in  open  air,  but  as  the 
water  is  kept  under  high  pressure  and 
no  surface  is  exposed,  no  steam  actu- 
ally f<  Tms,  except  in  the  boiler.  This 
storage  goes  on  until,  when  the  hour 
for  the  maximum  load  has  arrived,  the 
temperature  is  about  406°  Fahr.,  say. 
This  is  equivalent  to  a  pressure  of  250 
pounds  to  the  square  inch.  It  is  desir- 
able, let  it  be  assumed,  to  run  the  en- 
gines during  the  period  of  heavy  work 
at  130  pounds  pressure,  to  produce 
which,  normally,  a  temperature  of  347° 
would  be  necessary.  So  great  is  the 
quantity  of  heat  actually  stored  in  the 
tanks  that  the  boiler  will  make  steam 
fast  enough  to  keep  the  pressure  above 
this  minimum  until  the  time  comes  for 
taking  off  the  load.  Then,  of  course, 
the  accumulation  of  energy  is  resumed, 
and  proceeds  gradually  as  before. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  boiler  proper 
need  have  a  capacity  only  suited  to  the 
mean  of  the  whole  day's  requirements, 
and  not,  as  in  other  plants,  equal  to 
the  utmost  demands  at  the  very  busi- 
est hour.  Hence  it  has  been  found  that 
the  cost  of  the  plant,  including  ten  or  a 
dozen  tanks  with  the  proper  fittings, 
may  be  considerably  less  than  that  of 
the  type  now  in  common  use. 

The  "heat  storage"  plan  here  de- 
scribed is  an  improvement  on  the 
steam-storage  system,  which  has  been 
tried  with  good  results,  but  which  re- 
quires larger  and  more  tanks.  There 
is  also  in  contemplation  a  combination 
of  the  two.  To  install  it,  however, 
costs  more  than  the  simple  heat-stor- 
age outfit. 

The  French  Societe  Technique  offers 
the  following  prizes  to  persons  of  any 
nationality:  £409  for  a  markedly  bet- 
ter incandescent  gas  lamp,  to  be  sent 
in  before  April  1,  1895,  the  council  to 
decide  whether  the  time  may  not  be 
extended  to  May  1,  1896;  £320  in 
various  prizes  for  essays  on  any  subject 
affecting  the  gas  industry,  particularly 
on  mechanical  handling   of  coal,   coke, 


etc.,  on  water,  gas  or  revivification, 
or  on  the  substitution  of  hydrocarbons 
for  cannel;  £80  between  those  who 
have  made  the  greatest  progress  in 
apparatus  for  making  or  using  of  gas. 
Papers  to  be  in  French,  and  unpub- 
lished; motto,  with  name  in  envelope, 
and  a  declaration  inside  that  the  paper 
is  unpublished,  and  that  the  author 
will  not  publish  otherwise  for  a  year. 
To  be  sent  to  the  Societe,  65  Rue 
Provence,  Paris,  by  the  end  of  April 
next.  Also  prizes  of  £10  to  the  authors 
of  the  best  papers  at  the  annual  meet- 
ing, provided  in  this  case  that  they  are 
members  of  the  Societe. 


The  Electric  Incandescent  Lamp. 

The  best  and,  in  fact,  the  only  really 
efficient  incandescent  electric  lamp  of 
to-day,  says  J.  H.  Cunz,  in  Cmshr's 
Magazine,  is  characterized  by  a  contin- 
uous glass  chamber,  from  which  the  air 
has  been  exhausted  and  in  which  is  the 
light-giving  carbon  filament,  supplied 
with  current  by  platinum  wires,  sealed 
in  the  neck  of  the  glass  bulb.  This 
seems  a  simple  enough  contrivance, 
but  the  preparation  of  the  materials 
and  the  putting  of  them  together  in- 
volves the  greatest  care,  and  the  pres- 
est  high  state  of  the  art  has  been  at- 
tained only  after  many  years  of  cease- 
less labor  and  patient  effort. 

The  carbon  filament  has  probably 
caused  more  work  and  worry  than  all 
the  rest  of  the  lamp  put  together.  It 
is  the  essential  part.  Until  lately  the 
raw  material  for  its  preparation  was 
bamboo,  which  was  cut  into  thiu  strips 
and  carbonized,  but  now  some  artificial 
compound  of  carbon  is  used,  the  exact 
nature  of  which  is  kept  secret.  This 
substance  is  cut  into  thin  strips,  and  is 
carbonized  by  heating  in  a  suitable  fur- 
nace. These  carbonized  filaments  are 
of  various  lengths  and  thicknesses, 
some  having  a  diameter  of  only  five- 
thousandths  of  an  inch,  and  are  bent 
into  different  shapes,  the  one  most 
favored  at  present  being  the  spiral. 
At  the  largest  lamp  works  in  the 
United  States  all  the  sixteen-candle 
power  high  voltage  lamps — the  most 
common  size  there — are  now  made  with 
spiral  filaments,  as  well  as  all  lamps 
above  sixteen-candle  power.  The  more 
familiar  "  horse-shoe  "  and  "hairpin" 
filaments,  however,  still  have  a  place  in 
the  art,  particularly  in  the  smaller- 
sized  lamps.  Sixteen,  twenty,  twenty- 
four- and  thirty-two-candle  power  fifty- 
volt  lamps  are  still  made  in  plain  loops, 
and  probably  always  will  be. 

A  New  Electric  Process. 


One  of  the  most  remarkable  of  re- 
cent inventions  is  a  process  for  making 
caustic  potash  and  soda  out  of  brine. 
These  substances  are  utilized  in  the 
manufacture  of  soap,  glass  and  paper. 
Hitherto  they  have  been  obtained  by 
costly  methods,  the  production  of  them 
being  a  very  important  industry  in 
Great  Britain.  Nearly  all  of  the  soda 
and  caustic  potash  used  in  this  country 
is  imported  from  England,  amounting 
to  millions  of  dollars'  worth  annually. 

It  has  been  discovered  that  these 
alkalies  may  be  obtained  by  decompos- 
ing brine  by  means  of  electricity.  The 
brine  is  got  from  salt  wells  Sea  water 
would  serve,  but  it  is  not  as  good  for 
the  purpose  because  it  contains  much 
less  salt.  Already  the  manufacture  of 
caustic  potash  and  soda  has  been  be- 
gun in  Michigan  and  elsewhere  in  the 
United  States.  The  matter  is  exciting 
great  attention  here  and  abroad,  and 
all  the  leading  chemists  of  the  world 
are  working  at  it.  The  inventor  of  this 
process  is  a  Belgian  named  Hermite. 

In  Europe  they  are  undertaking  to 
disinfect  cities  by  the  use  of  this  proc- 
ess. All  that  is  needed  is  to  run  wires 
from  a  dynamo  into  a  vessel  of  sea 
water,  and  the  latter  yields  a  product 
which  is  the  same  thing  as  what  is 
commonly  known  as  "bleaching  soda.'' 
The  stuff  is  so  cheaply  obtained  that  it 
is  being  used  to  purify  sewers  and  is 
poured  into  gutters.  Eventually  it 
will  be  extensively  employed  in  the 
sprinkling  of  streets.  By  this  means 
of  wholesale  disinfection,  which  signi- 
fies the  destruction  of  disease-producing 
germs,  cities  will  be  rendered  much 
more  healthy  in  the  future. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Prue,  Triumph.  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 
Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other/ 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 

Again, in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt  trans- 
versely two 
feet  apart, 
there  is  a 
space  of  one 
inch,   contain- 

ing     twenty 

"sv^      rillies  1-30  "1" 
nil     inch     in 

: — - — *™      depth.    This 

tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a   belt  with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

4  lit  Calif ornia  Street,  I  lay  wards  Building San  lrranciseo. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 

N.  W.  Cor.  Main  &  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 


MANUFACTURERS  OP 


STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND    FORGINGS 

OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

All  work  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  flills. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  more  advantageous 
terms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  for  the  manufacture  of  his 
Patent  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
and  sold  these  mills  for  the  past  14  years,  we  Udow 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
tory testimonials  prove.  We  feel  confident,  therefore, 
that  at  the  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 
there  is  placed  within  the  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL. 
Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON,      -  Proprietor. 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


220  Market  St, 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  io  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  "Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  iu  our  office,  we  h  ive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St     S  F 


February  2,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


73 


Mechanical   Progress. 

Value  of  Mechanical  Skill. 


A  subject  thai  appears  well  worthy 
the  attention  of  the  apprentice  and 
young  mechanic  is  tin-  actual  difference 
between  tin'  value  of  thoroughly  skilled 
and  competent   labor,  and  half-skilled 

and     iin petent     labor.      At     Brsl 

thought  it  would  seem  thai  it  one  me- 
chanic were  capable  of  doing  two-thirds 
as  much  work  as  another,  in  order  to 
do  exact  justice  to  all  parties  be  should 
receive  two-thirds  as  much  wages.  In 
point  of  fact,  however,  there  would  lie 
injustice  in  such  arrangement.  In  or- 
o  divi  st   the   mat  ter  of  the  wages 

let  n>  suppose  t  liat  two  men 
enter-  into  partnership,  and  that  the 
better  workman  can  perform  labor 
representing  $1500  per  year,  and  the 
poorer  one  two  thirds  as  much,  or 
$1000  per  year.  Suppose,  further,  that 
they  find  the  interest  on  the  plant  re- 
quired to  conduct  the  business,  sinking 
fund  ami  incidental  expenses,  to  be 
$1200,  Since  it  is  evident  that  each 
will  occupy  the  same  amountof  room. 
and  that  each  will  require  the  same 
toeJs  with  which  to  work,  it  is  evident 
that   the  $1200   in    the  way  of  expenses 

should  !»•  equally  assessed,  and  that 
tlie  amount  to  which  they  would  be 
equitably  entitled  in  the  way  of  wages 
would  he  $900  and  $4(111  respectively. 
In  other  words,  the  one  who  does  one- 
third  more  work  than  the  other  is,  in 
Strid  justice,  entitled  to  two  and  one- 
fourth  times  as  much  as  the  first. 
Now.  the  matter  would  in  no  sense  be 
changed,  if.  instead  of  working  for 
themselves,  they  work  for  a  third 
party,  ft  is  a  consideration  of  this 
fact  that  leads  Far-sighted  employers, 
especially  in  a  business  that  calls  for 
Large  expenditure  in  the  way  of  tools, 
etc.,  to  look  for  very  competent  men. 
It  is  always  apparent  that  the  me- 
chanic who  has  given  the  greatest 
amount  of  energy  to  thoroughly  com- 
prehend and  manage  his  business  is  al- 
ways the  one  who  has  work  and  good 
wages  without  much  reference  to  the 
times.  He  who  by  diligence  fits  him- 
self to  do  more  and  better  work  than 
another  will  find  himself  much  better 
paid,  and  in  a  greater  degree  tha/l 
would  be  indicated  by  the  extent  of  his 
superiority.  In  this  there  is  nothing 
but  exact  justice  to  all  parties.  There 
are,  to-day,  greater  inducements  for 
the  younjj  mechanic  to  improve  and 
perfect  himself  in  his  trade  than  ever 
before.  The  absolute  value  of  skill, 
from  a  business  point  of  view,  is  fairly 
appreciated  by  those  who  have  the 
hiring  of  it- 


Electric  Power  in  Manufacturing 
Establishments. 


There  have  been  many  cases  of  the 
use  of  electric  motors  to  drive  lines  of 
shafting  or  isolated  parts  of  plants  to 
prove  conclusively  the  remarkable  in- 
creased efficiency  obtained,  especially 
where  the  conveyance  of  steam  for  a 
long  distance  was  necessary.  This  has 
led  to  a  more  thorough  study  of  the 
amount  of  power  absorbed  by  the  line 
shafting  and  countershafts.  W.  E. 
Hall,  in  Cassier's  Magazine,  says  the 
minimum  loss  that  can  be  looked  for — 
and  this  is  obtained  only  in  exceptional 
cases  requiring  constant  vigilance — is 
twenty-five  per  cent  of  the  total  power 
developed,  and  more  frequently  runs  as 
high  as  sixty-five  to  seventy  per  cent. 
A  safe  average  would  be  from  forty  to 
fifty  per  cent,  although  the  actual  loss 
must  be  determined  for  each  and  every 
case.  With  the  use  of  electric  motors, 
when  properly  designed  and  propor- 
tioned for  the  work,  as,  indeed,  is  as 
necessary  in  electrical  work  as  with 
any  other  problem  of  mechanics  if  the 
best  results  are  desired,  this  percent- 
age of  loss  can  be  materially  reduced. 
An  inefficient  result  must  be  expected 
with  bad  electric  engineering  just  as 
with  a  poorly  arranged  case  of  mill- 
wrighting;  but,  the  electrical  propor- 
tions being  once  obtained,  there  will, 
within  reasonable  limits,  be  no  decrease 
in  efficiency  from  deterioration. 
OThe  advent  of  electricity  for  such 
purposes  seems  to  have  enabled  man- 


agers to  realize  more  fully  than  ever 
before  the  loss  accompanying  what  was 

heretofore  generally  accepted  as  the 
most  efficient  method  of  furnishing 
power  to  the  individual  machines  of  a 
plant.  The  use  of  electric  motors  in 
the  place  of  shafting  and  on  isolated 
machines  where  the  motors  are  belted 
direct  to  the  isolated  shafts  or  to  the 
machines  has  been  sufficiently  extended 
to  render  the  verification  of  the  results 

obtained  unnecessary.  It  is  no  excep- 
tion to  find  a  reduction  of  fifty  percent 

of  the  power  consumed.  This  is  not 
due  entirely  to  the  saving  of  loss 
through  friction,  but  also  to  the  ad- 
vantage gained  by  the  intermittent  ac- 
tion of  machinery  of  every  kind.  Tests 
show  that  where  the  motor  drive  has 
been  substituted,  the  machines  are  in 
Operation  but  little  more  than  one-half 
the  lime,  or,  more  correctly  stated,  the 
power  required  is  only  about  one-half 
tin-  total  average  power  of  the  ma- 
chines when  doing  work.  As  remark- 
able as  these  results  may  seem,  suffi- 
cient data  are  on  record  to  prove  their 
correctness. 


In  the  forced  draught  trials  of  mod- 
ern high-speed  vessels  and  the  terrific 
strains  endured  by  the  several  mem- 
bers of  the  engines,  the  extraordinary 
integrity  of  the  materials  composing 
them  is  remarkable.  This  is  in  all 
cases  machinery  steel,  and  its  endur- 
ance under  the  work  done  is  sufficiently 
remarkable  to  warrant  comment. 
Modern  machinery  of  greater  or  less 
carbonization  bears  a  certain  stress  in 
the  testing  machine,  but  this  stress  is 
in  no  degree,  comparable  with  the  work 
demanded  of  steel  under  the  crucial 
test  of  a  forced  draught  trial.  Then  it 
is  yank,  jerk,  and  jar  without  end,  each 
strain  alternating,  even  combining 
with  the  other,  and  the  whole  kept  up 
for  hours  at  the  very  highest  tension 
steam  is  able  to  put  upon  it.  It  almost 
seems  at  times  as  though  upon  the  re- 
ciprocating parts  that  the  heads  would 
be  jerked  off  of  the  bolts,  and  that  no 
material  could  stand  the  usage  that 
modern  steel  gets.  With  all  this,  the 
details  are  not  heavy  and  clumsy,  they 
are  the  reverse  of  this,  being  even 
lighter  than  they  were  many  years 
ago.  The  fact  of  the  matter  is,  that, 
in  addition  to  excellence  of  material  in 
the  beginning,  the  systems  of  inspec- 
tion, and  thorough  working  that  steel 
receives  in  modern  forges,  leave  no 
Haw  undetected.  Breakdowns  are  very 
rare  indeed,  in  comparison  with  the 
number  of  engines  in  use,  which  fact 
justifies  our  conclusions.  —  The  En- 
gineer. 

It  is  remarkable,  says  the  Iron  and 
Coal  Trades  Review,  how  very  many  of 
the  greatest  inventions  and  discoveries 
of  modern  times  have  been  achieved 
by  men  who  were  not  themselves 
trained  to  the  business  or  profession 
in  which  they  acquired  distinction. 
Neither  Bessemer  nor  Siemens  was 
trained  as  a  metallurgist,  and  yet  they 
have  been  proclaimed  as  the  most 
epoch-making  inventors  in  the  history 
of  the  iron  trade.  Sir  William  Arm- 
strong was  not  trained  as  an  engineer, 
but  as  a  solicitor,  and  yet  he  has  revo- 
lutionized the  art  of  gunnery  and  the 
manufacture  of  hydraulics.  And  so 
with  many  other  modern  instances. 
The  so-called  practical  men  are  too 
often  incapable  of  looking  all  round  a 
subject,  and  are  so  wedded  to  usage 
and  established  rules  as  to  look  with 
serious  disfavor  upon  any  really  novel 
ideas,  however  meritorious. 


Half-a-dozen  years  ago  it  was 
imagined  that  machines  were  already 
invented  for  making  screws  at  the 
cheapest  conceivable  rate.  Lately, 
however,  a  much  less  costly  process 
has  been  devised.  Instead  of  cutting 
out  the  thread  of  each  screw,  as  used 
to  be  done,  two  dies  are  used  to  press 
the  metal  into  shape.  Every  time  the 
dies  come  together  a  perfect  screw  is 
made,  and  the  rapidity  of  production  is 
astonishing. 


Unitakian  literatuhe  sent  free  by  the 
Channing  Auxiliary  of  the  First  Unitarian 
Church,  cor.  Geary  and  Franklin  Sts.,  San 
Francisco.  Address  as  above.  Mention  this 
paper.  * 


^»v>->t»>v.);>-a>xu>; 


fop.  ail  purposes  s. 


IR1T0N1M 

TRENTON,  N^ J,**  : 
N.v.orriet 

CO0PER.htWLTT&CO.-17  BURLING  SLIP 

.Chicago  office  'f.'X~r>  1114 mqnadnocub'lo'c 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

•H6  Monlfronipry  Slrt'ct,  San  FranciRro. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

ULUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CAKTUIDGKS, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/Win©  and  /Will    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 


Ay»-^     We  would  call  the  attention 
Tf  t     of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-C 


ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  \bmtfrsEtV 
panies,   Prospectors,  etc.,  to     xgllz!^/ 
our   full    stock   of    balances, 
Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles, Scoriflers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  I>enver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Deiiniston's  Sil- 
ver Vlated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


f    * 


f 


.#  CARBONS 

W   BLACK    DIAMONDS)  ^» 

DIAMOND  DRILLS. 


«k 


S.  D.  DESSAU,  4 

>_  1MPOKTEK.  ^?^» 


HZNDRIE& 


Mrfj.CO 
DENVER 

cola 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eui-eRa    Company, 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.       -      426  California  Street, 
san  francisco. 


FoytmUiby  ''  /;*.-,. 

iiknijv  t'akky   imird  a   co., 

Industrial    Pdblishekk,    Uuokskixkhs    and 

LliFOBXBRS. 

Hio  Walnut  St..  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  l  .  ■>.  \. 

*a-Our  Ni-w  and  Revised  Catalogue  ,,f  r 

SolentlBc  Hook*.  88  Pages,  8vo.,  and  our  ruber 

Catalogues  una  Circulars,  the  whole  ooverii 
branohol  Science  applied  ta  lie  arts.senl  tree  and 
free  of  postage  10  iiny  one  in  any  part  of  lb,-  woi  Ld 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 

THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED 

VWAOG    MARK. 


'M'ARTHUR-fORKEST  PMCf.lt) 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -         £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  m 
a  profit,  the  MACARTHUR-FORREST  (Palcnt) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States;  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  ami  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colo  it  a  DC). 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  New  York. 

CYANIDE 

—OF— 

POTASSIUM, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  Other  Chemicals. 


Trade  Mark. 


GIANT     POWDER     FUSE     CAP    FASTENER. 


The instrument  presented  in  the  above  cut  is  a 
new  and  grand  little  invention;  being  designed  to 
save  life  and  limb,  and  Innumerable  lawsuits,  b.v 
doinp  awav  with  the  dangerous  operation  of  digging 
out  wet  and  unexploaed  Loads,  when.'  Giant  Powder 
Is  used  in  mining.  The  Instrument  is  made  of  the 
finest  cast  .steel,  and  crimps  the  cap  on  the  end  of 
the  rus<-  firmly  and  absolutely  water  tight.  There  is 
also  a  Fuse  Cutter  attached.  Price  75c.  each. 
MOODEY  &  SHERWOOD   Fresno,  Cal. 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


loneer  Screen  \A/orks! 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel.  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc.  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

#*# MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

321  and  233  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


ifeK!*fl 


^n? 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specially.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  I 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc.  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  M5  and  147  Be;ile  St.,  S.  F. 


EsRussell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  *S~Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

611  and  613  FRONT  ST.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


74 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  2,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following:  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
puoJished  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mineB 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

General  Mining  Items, — Record:  The  re- 
pairing of  the  Zeile  shaft  moves  slowly,  owing 
to  the  Mow  of  water.  Two  buckets  are  con- 
stantly hoisting  water.  These  take  out  nearly 
300,000  gallons  every  twenty-four  hours,  and 
with  this  immense  output  the  water  is  only 
kept  at  a  standstill.  The  water  is  at  the  00O 
level,  with  nearly  250  feet  of  sump. 

At  the  Anita  they  are  busy  with  the  steam 
hoisting  works.  All  the  machinery  is  in  place. 
The  shaft,  100  feet  deep,  is  full  of  water  to 
within  thirty  feet  of  the  surface.  ■ 

At  the  WHdman  mine  the  thirty  stamps 
are  busy  night  and  day  to  their  full  capacity 
on  fair-paying  rock.  On  the  1300-foot  level 
the  south  drift  is  now  in  435  feet  from  the 
shaft.  The  size  of  the  ledge  and  its  quality 
remain  the  same  as  at  the  last  writing.  On 
the  1220-foot  level  the  head  of  the  south  drift 
is  now  225  feet  from  the  shaft,  with  equally  as 
good  a  showing  as  at  the  same  distance  from 
the  incline  on  the  lower  level.  The  mine 
never  looked  better  in  i  ts  many  years  of  active 
life  than  at  the  present  time.  The  ledge  is 
large,  and  the  ore  chute  on  the  1300  level  has 
been  run  through  a  distance  of  400  feet 
lengthwise  of  the  ledge,  with  the  end  of  it 
not  yet  in  sight. 

Lively  Next  Spuing.— Republican:  Some 
old  mines  east  of  Sutter  Creek,  Amador 
county,  are  being  reopened.  Late  reports 
from  Plymouth  and  vicinity  are  of  an  encour- 
aging character:  The  coming  spring  will  see 
a  small  army  of  prospectors  searching  moun- 
tain-side and  ravine  for  new  mines.  The 
boom  that  has  lately  struck  Amador  has  not 
as  yet  added  very  materially  to  the  output  of 
'94,  as  a  large  amount  of  preparatory  work  has 
been  necessary— pumping  out  old  workings, 
rebuilding  hoists,  erecting  mills,  etc. ;  but  the 
year  of '05  should  see  a  substantial  evidence 
of  the  activity  that  marked  the  close  of  1S94. 

The  South  Spring  Hill  mill  will  soon  be 
started  up  on  rock  from  the  Median  mine, 
which  adjoins  on  the  east.  This  property 
gives  every  indication  of  proving  a  good  mine. 
A  test  crushing  was  made  some  time  ago,  and 
the  yield  was  highly  encouraging  to  the 
owners,  although  we  are  not  in  a  position  to 
state,  the  exapt  amount  per  ton.  The  com- 
pany has  secured  a  bond  of  the  El  Dorado 
claim,  which  joins  the  Median  on  the  south. 

At  the  Kruger  mine,  in  Hunt's  gulch,  they 
have  been  engaged  on  contract  in  sinking  a 
shaft.  They  reached  a  depth  of  120  feet, 
when  the  flow  of  water  became  unmanageable 
with  the  appliances  at  hand.  About  two 
weeks  ago  the  shaft  caved  to  within  thirty 
feet  of  the  surface,  rendering  it  useless.  It 
would  cost  more  to  fix  it  up  than  to  sink  a  new 
shaft. 

Calaveras. 

Making  a  Test  Run.— Chronicle:  C.  A. 
Rice  has  been  making  a  test  run  of  twelve 
tons  of  ore  at  the  Tripp  mill,  on  the  Mokel- 
umne  river.  The  ore  was  taken  from  an  old 
mine  on  the  Peek  ranch,  about  a  mile  and  a 
half  from  town,  and  which  has  been  bonded 
by  the  Linderaxa  Mining  Company.  The 
mine  was  worked  by  Mexicans  forty  years 
ago,  they  having  run  an  arrastra  on  the  mine 
for  two  years.  There  are  two  shafts  on  the 
mine— one  50  and  one  75  feet  deep— and  there 
is  also  a  tunnel  in  50  feet.  A  contract  has 
been  let  to  extend  the  tunnel  25  feet,  work 
on  which  is  now  being  prosecuted. 

El  Dorado. 

Unteh  dek  Linden.— Democrat:  When  we 
mentioned  the  fact  that  the  cleanup  of 
twelve  pounds  and  live  ounces  of  gold  from  a 
run  of  five  days,  at  the  Linden,  during  the 
fore  part  of  the  month,  was  only  a  small  draft 
on  an  inexhaustible  deposit,  we  were  not  mis- 
taken in  our  predictions.  The  last  run  of  five 
days,  made  last  week,  coppers  all  previous 
runs  by  several  pounds— the  exact  weight  be- 
ing twenty  pounds.  This  is  encouraging,  not 
alone  to  the  company,  but  to  all  of  our  citizens 
who  have  the  mining  fever  in  its  most  viru- 
lent form. 

Mariposa. 

Gazette;  W.  S.  Chapman  has  purchased  an 
interest  in  the  Vanderbilt  mine,  and  under 
his  direction  a  new  impetus  will  be  given  to 
the  working  of  this  mine.  During  the  winter 
only  a  few  men  have  been  employed  by  Mr. 
Beebe,  but  as  soon  as  settled  weather  comes 
an  increased  force  will  be  put  in  the  mine  and 
mill.  The  mill  is  to  be  moved  from  its  present 
location  and  ten  more  stamps  added.  The 
Vanderbilt  is  a  good  mine  and  can  be  made  to 
pay  under  proper  management. 

Nevada. 

Rich  Ledge  Uncovered. —  A  rich  strike  has 
been  made  in  the  Hecla  mine  at  Grass  Valley. 
The  quartz  vein  is  narrow,  from  eight  to  ten 
inches,  but  it  is  expected  to  widen  as  it  in- 
creases in  depth,  and  the  ore  is  full  of  free 
gold.  Considerable  rock  has  been  extracted, 
and  arrangements  are  being  made  to  have  it 
crushed  at  the  Omaha  mill. 

San  Diego. 

The  old  Escondido  mine  is  at  present  being 
shut  down,  but  will  soon  start  up  again.  An 
incline  has  been  sunk  on  the  vein  to  a  short 
distance  below  water  level,  80  feet.  No  drift- 
ing or  stoping  has  been  done  below  water. 
Some  ore  has  been  extracted  and  worked  in  a 
crude  mill  on  the  mine.  About  one-half  mile 
northeast  from  this  mine,  on  the  same  mineral 
belt,  is  the  Oro  Fino  mine.  An  incline  has 
been  sunk  on  the  vein  to  a  depth  of  T5  feet  to 
water  level,  where  a  drift  has  been  run 
southwest  a  distance  of  15  feet,  exposing  a 
b:>dy  of  ore  20  inches  in  thickness  in  the  backs 
,\i  a  depth  of  35  feet  a  jjrtft  has  beep   run 


southwest  along  the  vein  130  feet.  Some 
stoping  has  been  done  above  this  level,  and  a 
quantity  of  fair  grade  ore  has  been  extracted 
and  milled.  A  Tustin  pulverizer  and  gasoline 
engine  are  located  a  quarter  of  a  mile  below 
the  mine,  where  the  milling  is  done. 
San  Bernardino. 

Our  Vanderbilt  correspondent  writes  :  Ship- 
ments of  ore  and  bullion  from  the  Gold  Bronze 
mine  up  to  date  amount  to'  $50,000.  The  main 
shaft  is  now  287  feet  deep,  showing  better 
grade  of  ore  than  at  any  other  depth.  The 
ten-stamp  mill  is  running  daily.  Twenty-five 
men  are  employed  at  this  mine. 

At  Boomerang  mine,  owned  by  the  Brick 
Consolidated  Mining  and  Milling  Co.,  main 
shaft  is  535  feet  deep,  showing  good  body  of 
ore,  sufficient  water  is  hoisted  from  this  shaft 
to  run  ten-stamp  mill  about  twenty-two  days 
a  month.  About  thirty-five  men  are  employed 
by  this  company. 

Siskiyou. 

Genekal  Mining  Notes. — Journal:  Austin 
&  Co.,  of  the  Greenhorn  blue  gravel  mine,  are 
putting  up  more  boxes,  to  put  more  men  at 
work.  The  great  amount  of  snow  on  the 
mountains  will  keep  up  the  water  supply  for 
successful  operations  full-handed  until  late  in 
the  summer,  or  probably  until  winter  comes 
agai  n . 

The  Schroeder  quartz  mine  at  Deadwood 
mountain  is  still  paying  well,  with  a  large 
force  taking  out  quartz  to  keep  the  mill  run 
ning  steadily,  notwithstanding  the  deep  snow 
in  the  vicinity.  By  keeping  the  snow  shov- 
eled out  betweeen  the  tunnels  and  mill,  there 
is  no  difficulty  in  operating  the  mine  success- 
fully during  the  entire  winter. 

Michael  J.  Loftus  and  brother,  prospecting 
for  quartz  in  the  Shasta  valley  divide  east  of 
Scott  valley,  have  found  a  good-paying  quartz 
ledge  seven  miles  from  Fort  Jones,  east  of 
Moffit  creek.  The  ledge  is  eighteen  inches 
thick  and  prospects  §17.50  per  ton,  besides  con- 
taining a  large  percentage  of  silver.  There  is 
considerable  snow  at  the  mine  at  present,  but 
it  does  not  interfere  with  opening  the  ledge 
for  development. 

The  new  quartz  mill  the  Jillson  company  is 
putting-  in  to  crush  blue  gravel,  near  Henley, 
is  a  ten-stamp  one,  double-discharge  battery. 
The  buildiug  which  will  inclose  it  is  24x84, 
and  the  height  from  the  lower  grade  to  the 
peak  of  the  roof  is  fifty-eight  feet.  The  wheel 
to  furnish  the  power  for  the  mill  will  be  a  six- 
foot  one,  under  300-foot  pressure. 

Hossick  &  Brown  have  commenced  making  a 
ditch  on  Humbug  creek,  to  work  their  claim 
next  month  when  the  snow  melts  sufficiently, 
and  expect  to  realize  good  pay,  as  their  claim 
prospects  well. 

There  need  not  be  any  complaint  among  the 
miners  this  winter  about  lack  of  water  supply 
for  any  kind  of  mining,  as  there  is  an  abun- 
dance to  start  the  hydraulic  giantsand  quartz 
mills  everywhere.  The  river  miners,  of 
course,  are  driven  out,  but  that  is  expected 
every  winter  when  the  heavy  storms  occur. 

The  Black  Jack  Co.  will  soon  put  up  a  quartz 
mill  for  crushing  the  blue  gravef  cement  taken 
out  of  the  claim  at  Cottonwood,  and  Jillson  & 
Co.  are  also  getting  ready  to  put  up  their 
mill,  the  machinery  for  which  has  arrived  at 
the  depot  in  Hornbrook. 

Tuolumne. 
Independent:  The  Seminole  mine,  near 
Soulsbyville,  discharged  fourteen  men  lately. 
Parties  interested  are  here  from  New  York, 
and  will  return  and  report.  It  is  said  that  the 
plan  of  working  the  mine  will  be  changed ; 
that  a  tunnel  will  be  run  from  the  north  fork 
of  the  Tuolumne  river,  and  that  a  large  mill 
will  be  erected  at  or  near  that  point,  but 
nothing  can  yet  be  confidently  stated. 

NEVADA. 

J.  Balzar  and  W.  S.  Dickerson  have  taken  a 
new  lease  of  the  Pamlico  mine,  near  Haw- 
thorne, for  1895.  Their  lease  includes  the  en- 
tire mine,  but  they  will  probably  sublet  the 
south  end.  Two  and  a  half  tons*  of  ore  from 
this  mine,  worked  by  an  arrastra,  yielded 
seventy-two  ounces  of  gold,  or  §1224  at  §17  per 
ounce.  In  one  year  two  lessees  of  this  mine, 
working  themselves,  have  taken  out  §14, 000  in 
gold. 

On  the  Comstock.— Dan  De  Quille:  The 
various  companies  working  mines  on  the  Com- 
stock lode  will  get  through  the  winter  in 
fairly  good  shape.  The  bullion  now  produced 
is  mostly  gold.  There  are  several  mines  now 
producing  milling  ore.  Much  of  this  is  of  low- 
grade,  but  its  extraction  and  milling  gives 
employment  to  men  who  would  otherwise  be 
idle.  Of  the  productive  mines  the  Con.  Cal 
&  Virginia  is  still  in  the  lead,  yielding  an 
average  of  350  tons  of  ore  a  week  that  pays 
over  §00  a  ton.  In  this  mine  marked  improve- 
ment has  been  shown  during  the  past  week 
on  the  1050  level.  At  this  point  a  drift  was 
run  south,  and  after  passing  through  low- 
grade  material  for  a  distance  of  38  feet  it  cut 
into  a  body  of  ore  that  assays  S30  a  ton.  This 
shows  well  for  ore  to  the*  southward,  both 
above  and  below,  at  that  distance  from  the 
main  winze. 

The  Savage  has  sent  to  the  Nevada  mill 
270  tons  of  ore  assaying  §33.85  a  ton.  The 
streak  of  gold  ore  found  on  the  075  level  of  the 
Hale  &  Norcross  mine  continues,  and  during 
the  week  has  yielded  seven  carloads  of  ore 
assaying  §03.50  a  ton.  The  Justice  has  yielded 
153  tons,  yielding  SI  6. 81  a  ton,  over  half  gold  ; 
Alta,  52  tons,  worth  $23.44  a  ton.  The  C  hollar 
sent  to  the  Nevada  mill  235  tons  of  ore,  assav- 
ing  £30.50  a  ton.  The  Potosi  and  Occidental 
have  also  yielded  small  amounts  of  pay  ore. 

To  Be  Reopened. — Genoa  Courier:  James 
Titus,  who  resided  in  Genoa  in  early  days  and 
went  to  Arizona,  returned  a  short  time  ago 
with  the  intention  of  working  a  mine  fifteen 
miles  northwest  of  Mineral  Hill,  in  the  Pine 
Nut  range  of  mountains,  It  was  first  located 
in  1859  and  patented  in  1807.  The  ore  assayed 
$28  per  ton  in  gold  and  silver,  Mr.  Titus  had 
twenty-five  tons  worked  in  early  days,  but  on 
account  nf  the  high  rates  obarged  for  milling 


ore  and  working  the  mine  it  did  not  pay.  He 
thinks  now  it  can  be  made  to  pay  a  handsome 
profit.  He  savs  the  ledge  is  twelve  feet  wide. 
There  is  a  200-foot  tunnel  that  was  run  in 
early  days,  but  it  will  require  a  large  amount 
of  work  and  no  small  amount  of  expense  to 
open  it  again,  as  it  is  caved  in  for  100  feet  or 
more,  and  timbers  are  rotted  off.  As  soon  as 
the  weather  will  permit,  Mr,  Titus  intends 
starting  up  work,  and  will  build  a  dwelling 
near  the  mine.  He  says  there  are  several 
hundred  tons  of  rich  ore  on  the  dump,  and 
that  he  will  have  it  worked  at  Dayton  or  Sil- 
ver City.  He  says  he  has  been  offered  $25,000 
for  the  property,  and  that  it  is  worth  more. 
ARIZONA. 

Bkadshaw  District.— The  Reliable  and 
Gladiator  mills  are  running  night  and  day  on 
good  ore  from  their  respective  mines.  There 
are  about  twenty  men  working  in  the  Gladi- 
ator and  ten  at  the  Reliable. 

Work  has  started  on  the  Peck  mine.  A. 
Falco  has  men  at  work  cleaning  out  old  tun- 
nels, drifts  and  cuts.  A  contract  for  150  cords 
of  wood  for  the  hoist  has  been  let  out,  the 
water  in  the  shaft,  now  about  500  feet  deep, 
will  be  pumped  out  and  the  shaft  and  tunnels 
retimbered  if  necessary,  then  the  old  crosscut 
from  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  to  the  Occident, 
a  parallel  lead,  will  be  pushed  ahead.  The 
Peck  mine  is  the  richest  silver  mine  in  Yava- 
pai county,  having  produced  over  one  million 
dollars  in  former  years. 

BRITISH  C'OIAHVIRIA.     . 

Slogan  Shipments.— Slocan  shipments  in 
1894  are  valued  at  §564,800.  The  total  amount 
of  shipments  reported  is  4718  tons.  Of  this, 
2152  tons  went  over  the  Nakusp  &■  Slocan  and 
Canadian  Pacific.  The  total  valuation  of  this 
ore  is  placed  at  §210,245,  or  about  §100  per  ton. 
Most  of  it  came  from  the  Alpha  and  the  Slo- 
can Star,  though  the  Mountain  Chief,  Idaho, 
Reco  and  some  of  the  Noble  Five  properties 
made  shipments.  , 

On  the  other  side  of  the  district,  2500  tons 
of  ore  left  Kaslo  during  the  year.  The  total 
value  of  this  ore  is  placed  at  $348,582,  or  an 
average  of  §130  per  ton.  The  average  valua- 
tion of  the  4718  tons  shipped  in  both  directions 
would  be  about  §120.  Of  the  Kaslo  shipments 
the  Great  Falls  smelters  got  about  one-third, 
while  Omaha  took  about  one-quarter  and  Den- 
ver nearly  one-fifth. 

December  shipments  from  West  Kooteoai 
are  figured  at  §100,000.  During  the  two  weeks 
ending  Jan.  8th,  1000  tons  of  ore  were  shipped 
from  the  Slocan  district — mainly  from  the 
Idaho  and  Slocan  Star — and  the  valuation  of 
that  fortnight's  output  is  figured  at  §125,000. 

The  Hall  mines  at  Nelson,  though  worked 
on  a  very  limited  plan,  sent  out  800  tons  of 
ore,  valued  at  §S0,000.  The  Trail  creek  mines, 
which  are  just  getting  started,  shipped  about 
2800  tons  last  year,  which  may  be  estimated 
at  §140,000. 

At  Camp  McKinney  the  Cariboo  Mining 
Co.  started  up  a  ten-stamp  mill  last  fall  and 
are  now  shipping  between  §12,000  and  §14,000 
in  gold  bars  every  month,  besides  sending  out 
concentrates.  There  are  thirty  men  employed 
on  this  claim,  which  lies  alongside  the  Amelia 
on  the  same  vein.  A  ninety-foot  shaft  is  be- 
ing sunk  to  tap  the  tunnel  on  the  Cariboo,  the 
intention  being  to  drift  along  the  vein  into 
the  Amelia.  The  same  company  have  pur- 
chased the  lease  of  the  Laura,  a  hydraulic 
claim,  at  Rock  creek,  fifteen  miles  from  Camp 
McKinney,  and  will  go  to  work  on  it  in  the 
spring,  putting  in  a  stronger  plant. 

New  Denveh  Items.— The  Noble  Five  has 
made  another  sale  of  500  tons  of  ore  to  the 
Omaha  smelter. 

H.  Sheran  has  sold  a  half  interest  in  the 
Columbia  on  Trail  creek  for  §4000. 

Heavy  hoisting  machinery  will  be  put  in 
the  Dardanells,  and  work  on  that  claim  is  sus- 
pended till  it  is  in  place. 

Work  has  stopped  on  the  Cumberland  owing 
to  snow  slides.  This  mine  has  shipped  120 
tons  of  ore  this  winter. 

The  Government  has  been  asked  to  extend 
the  trail  on  Wilson  creek  to  the  dry-ore  belt 
at  the  Dolly  Varden  group  of  claims. 

OREGON. 

Baker  Co. 

Democrat:  The  White  Swan  Mining  & 
Milling  Company,  incorporated  under  the 
laws  of  Iowa,  has  bought  the  White  Swan 
mine.  A  one- fourth  interest  in  the  prop- 
erty is  retained  by  G.  S.  Tarbell,  of 
Baker  City,  the  discoverer  and  original  owner 
of  the  mine,  who  has  been  superintending  and 
conducting  the  property  on  his  individual  re- 
sources since  the  Union  Mining  Company  was 
displaced. 

The  debts  contracted  by  the  Union  Mining 
Company,  amounting  to  upwards  of  §25,000, 
have  been  paid  in  full  by  the  new  company 
taking  charge. 

The  transfer  of  the  property  will  succeed 
Mr.  Tarbell  as  manager  of  his  own  free  will, 
and  his  successor  will  very  likely  be  Col.  A. 
H.  Swan  of  Ogden,  Utah,  who  is  a  stock- 
holder in  the  company,  and  who  was  the  pro- 
moter of  the  sale. 

The  White  Swan  has  now  a  pay-roll  of  about 
§4500  per  month,  and  as  a  producer  of  gold 
bullion  has  few  equals  in  the  Northwest. 

Josephine  County. 

The  Black  Channel  Mining  Company  are 
pushing  development  on  their  property ;  their 
tunnel  is  now  about  1300  feet  long.  They  will 
only  run  one  giant  this  winter;  they  have 
thirteen  men  employed. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

New  Smelter.— The  American  Zinc-Lead 
Company  have  recently  completed  a  smelting 
plant  at  Ivanhoe,  Grant  county,  where  they 
will  make  a  specialty  of  ore  containing  copper, 
but  will  treat  all  ore  except  heavy  leafl.  They 
have  secured  the  old  Santa  Rita  popper  mines, 
and  several  other  properties  containing  an 
abundance  of  iron  ore  suitable  for  flux.  The 
wnyks  are  between  peniirg  and  Silver  City. 


on  the  Silver  City  and  Northern  Railroad,  and 
are  in  charge  of  S.  E.  Bretberton,  formerly 
superintendent  of  the  American  works  at 
Leadville. 

IDAHO. 

The  upper  workings  of  the  Geuv  mine  are 
closed  down,  laying  a  number  of  men  off. 
The  sinking  of  the  main  shaft  continues. 
Development  on  the  first  level  continues,  with 
enough  ore  coming  out  to  keep  the  concen- 
trator running  twelve  hours  per  day.  The 
ore  body  uncovered  at  the  first  level  is  excep- 
tionally fine,  and  the  fact  is  developed  that 
this  is  not  the  same  ore  body  as  that  in  the 
upper  workings.  The  company  is  working 
about  00  men.  The  Frisco  is  working  a  full 
force. 

MONTANA. 

At  Lump  Gilch. — The  Kennedy  mine,  lo- 
cated about  a  mile  and  a  half  west  of  Liver- 
pool, now  lying  idle,  was,  a  few  years  ago,  one 
of  the  leading  silver  producers  of  the  West, 
ranking  with  the  old  Legal  Tender.  About 
thirteen  years  ago  the  property  was  leased  by 
M.  E.  Downs  and  O.  R.  Allen,  who  worked  it 
until  about  two  years  ago,  taking  ore  from 
the  drifts  and  crosscuts  above  the  150-foot 
level. 

Ore  was  taken  out  of  this  mine  by  the  les- 
sees and  shipped  to  the  Grant  smelter  at 
Denver,  that  was  almost  pure  silver.  Chunks 
of  ruby  ore  were  taken  out  that  were  worth 
their  weight  in  coin.  The  writer  was  informed 
by  an  old  miner  who  worked  there  at  the  time 
that  ore  shipped  to  the  smelter  yielded  from 
$20,000  to  §22,000  per  ton. 

After  Downs  &  Allen  threw  up  their  lease, 
Kennedy  worked  the  mine  himself  for  a  short 
time,  taking  out  an  immense  sum  of  money. 
When  the  depreciation  of  silver  came,  Ken- 
nedy shut  down  the  property,  and  it  has  re- 
mained idle  ever  since. 

There  are  several  mines  in  the  Kennedy 
group,  all  of  which  are  patented.  On  one  of 
them  a  shaft  was  sunk  250  feet.  The  property 
is  now  in  litigation,  a  mortgage  on  it  being 
held  by  Thomas  Cruse  of  Helena.  It  would 
be  a  great  addition  to  the  camp  if  the  miue 
could  be  again  put  on  a  producing  basis. 
UTAH. 

The  Billion-Beck  and  A.iax.  —  Tintic 
Miner:  Samuel  Mclntyve,  the  new  general 
manager  of  the  Ajax  Company,  took  charge  of 
the  property  on  last  Saturday  and  immedi- 
ately laid  off  all  men  employed  there  aftd 
ceased  ore  shipments.  It  is  proposed  to  at 
once  sink  a  shaft  from  the  end  of  the  tunnel 
level,  which  is  in  200  feet,  to  a  depth  of  fifty 
feet,  and  drift  from  that  point.  To  that  end 
a  contract  was  let  to  C.  S.  Johnson  of  Eureka 
for  sinking  the  shaft  at  the  rate  of  $10  per 
foot,  that  being  the  lowest  bid,  and  the  work 
to  commence  at  once.  The  shaft  is  to  be  6x12 
feet,  and  by  sinkirg  the  50  feet  proposed  they 
will  be  about  185  feet  below  the  surface. 

The  Bullion-Beck  Company  has  finished 
laying  the  new  five-inch  pipe  line  from  the 
reservoir  on  the  divide  to  the  mill  and  closed 
up  the  ditch.  The  main  portion  of  the  mill 
will  be  up  and  under  cover  by  the  end  of  this 
week,  and  the  work  of  placing  the  boilers 
and  heavy  machinery  will  commence  at  once. 
Work  will  commence  on  the  tramway  next 
week.  Since  the  commencement  of  opera- 
tions at  the  Eureka  Hill  mill  no  concentrates 
have  been  shipped,  and  it  is  estimated  that 
there  are  on  hand  over  100  carloads.  A  few 
cars  are  now  being  loaded  and  will  be  ship- 
ped in  a  few  days.  Tuesday  was  pay  day  at 
the  Beck,  about  §10,500  being  distributed  by 
that  conflpany. 


The  plans  for  torpedo-boats  Nos.  3, 
4  and  5  have  been  received  by  the  Iowa 
Iron  Works,  at  Dubuque,  which  is  pre- 
paring to  bid  on  them.  The  faults  in 
design  and  the  placing  of  machinery, 
to  which  the  builders  attribute  the 
mishaps  attending  the.  Ericsson's  trial 
trips,  are  avoided  in  the  plans  for  the 
new  boats.  Their  speed  will  be  24$ 
knots,  and  the  cost  of  all,  including 
armament,  is  not  to  exceed  $250,000. 
The  Ericsson  cost  $113,000  without 
armament,  and  her  speed  requirement 
is  twenty-four  knots.  Her  trial  trip 
will  not  be  witnessed  until  late  in 
March. 

The  heavy  seas  rolling  over  the  bar 
last  Sunday  played  sad  havoc  with  the' 
north  jetty  trestle,  and  in  a  few 
minutes  destroyed  the  labor  of  weeks. 
Thirty -one  bents,  representing  496 
lineal  feet  of  double-track  trestle,  with 
railroad  iron,  piling  and  everything, 
were  carried  away  by  the  huge  rollers. 
The  breach  was  made  by  the  sea  end, 
leaving  five  lone  bents  standing  out  in 
the  ocean,  which  threaten  to  go  out 
also.  Considerable  of  the  wreckage 
has  come  ashore  along  the  ocean  beach 
and  will  be  saved,  but  it  will  be  im- 
possible to  replace  the  trestle  work  be- 
fore spring. — Humboldt  Times. 

A  Swedish  engineer  proposes  to  do 
away  with  rifling  in  cannon  by  supply- 
ing each  projectile  with  a  gas-check  to 
prevent  any  of  the  gas  escaping  past 
it.  And  then  he  would  impart  to  the 
gun  itself  a  rotary  motion,  at  the  in- 
stant of  firing,  which  would  give  the 
projectile  the  necessary  twist,  The 
benefits  thus  derived,  he  intimates, 
would  be  I'eduuecl  post-  of  yoiifitructio 
ond  longer  life, 


February  2,  1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


76 


Coast    Industrial    Notes. 


—The  Victoria seallag  fleet  took 94,474 skins 
i„  L8(U  i    red  with  70,883  In  189&, 

—The  British  Columbia  salmon  pacta  in  L8W 
was  404,47(Joai  leases  in  1898. 

— Th<  of   the  Boche  harbor  lime 

works,  on  Ban  Joan  Island,  is  1500  barrels  per 

•—There  are  twelv<  loading  at  the 

Port  Blakely,  Wash.,  mill,  and  the  big  plant 
d  running  ulghte. 

The  Sacrum  torn    I  !oal  Company 

will  soon  go  out  ol  existence.    Their  mine  at 
Angels  has  been  worked  out, 

The  1000,000  a 
have  b.->  Rudolph  Kleyboll  &  Co.,  of  ; 

Cincinnati,  for  95  and  aoui*ued  Interest, 

—A  Line  of  steamers  i»  to  be  eatablial 
tween  Victoria  and  Mexico,     i  ii«-  s.'s,  Danube 
ol  the  C.  P.  N.  '   •  will  make  the  ursl  voyage. 

—The  $5,uou,ihx>   Lake    Washington   Canal  ! 
bonds   b  i    in  St.  Louis,  Mu., 

and  Seattle  men  expect  to  begin  work  thereon  | 
lot  li  prox. 

—The    ChuokanUt    stone    quarry    at    Fail- 
Wash.,  which  has  furnished    stone  for  ' 

a  targe  number  of  buildings  in  tin-  Pacific 
Northwest,  has  a  producing  capacity  or  10,000 

tons  monthly. 

—Robert  Chabot,  who  recently  purchased 
eighty  acres  of  swamp  at  Long  Beach,  Wash., 

:;  .  Qgaglng  In  oran  berry  cul- 

ture, ha  480  acres  mure,  with 

the  intention  of  still   further  broadening  out 
in  the  industry. 

—Under  the  income  tax  Law  an  unmarried 
-  woman  with  an  estate  worth  ^oUOU  a  year  will 
be  allowed  tho  exemption  of  ?4iX)U,  but  if  she 
marries  she  will  have  to  pay  the  income  tax 
on  all,  which  is  equivalent  to  taxing  her  ^sU  a 
year  for  getting  married 

—There  is  a  proposition  on  hand  to  let  the 
State  printing  to  the  lowest  bidder.  During 
the  past  two  years  the  printing  bills  footed 
.  .■  > ,87,  and  a  San  Francisco  publishing 
house  has  made  au  offer  to  do  the  same  work 
for  the  next  two  years  for  $5U,000. 

—During  "iH  there  were  shipped  by  cargo 
fromTacoma,  Wash.,  55,063,000  feet  of  lumber, 
a  decrease  of  7,uuo,UUO  feet  compared  to  '1*8. 
Of  the  above  this  city  took  l«,95'3,U0O  feet, 
s.ni  Pedro,  lo,o47,U00feet.  The  valuation  of 
the  lumber  shipped  was  about  $570,000. 

—A  cable,  forty  miles  in  length  is  being  run 
through  the  snowsheds  in  the  Sierras,  for  the 
use  of  the  telegraph  service.  It  will  be  an 
improvement  over  the  old  system  of  stringing 
the  wires  on  poles.  Nothing  short  of  a  land- 
slide will  interfere  with  or  cause  a  break  in  it. 

—During  the  week  the  proposed  San  Fran- 
ciscoandSan  Joaquin  Railroad  has  received 
big  impel  us  by  substantial  subscriptions  of 
stock  '■>  prominent  residents  of  this  City,  ag- 
gregal  ing  $1,300,000.  It  is  considered  certain 
Dial  the  project  will  now  be  pushed  tosuecess- 
ful  completion. 

—The  new  water  works  at  Astoria,  Or.,  will 
cost  $150,000.  The  Pacific  Paving  Co.  have 
the  contract  for  grading  and  clearing,  build- 
ing bridges  and  culverts,  digging  and.  cover- 
ing the  pipe  trenches  and  excavating  the 
reservoir,  for  $19,740;  lining  the  latter  and 
building  gate  and  power  house,  $16,207.  The 
work  begins  March  1st. 

—The  valuation  of  foreign  exports  at  Port 
Townsend  last  month  was  $0S»,501,  and  that 
Of  imports  $124,343.  The  customs  receipts 
from  all  sources  were  $1(5,890.45.  The  value 
of  goods  from  British  Columbia  and  Oriental 
countries  passing  through  the  district  in  bond 
and  destined  to  Kastern  cities  was  $522, 335. 13, 
of  which  amount  goods,  consisting  principally 
of  tea,  to  the  value  of  $423,970.85  were  ad- 
mitted 1'rce  of  duty. 


Our  Pipe 
Is  For  Sale. 


For  Hydraulic  Mining  and  Irri- 
gation Purposes  Our  Sheet 
Iron  and  Sheet  Steel  Riveted 
Water  Pipe  Is  Unexcelled. 

We  Have  Also  a  Large  Line  of 
the  MATHES0N  JOINT  (Lap- 
Welded)  Pipe,  for  Which  We 
Are  Agents. 

Our  Prices  Are  Low;  Our  Pipe 
Is  Superior,  and  We  Want 
More  Business.  May  We 
Quote  You  Prices? 


PIPE    FITTINGS,  TOO. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

SMIN       FRANCISCO,       CAL. 


A  shark  story  has  recently  been 
given  out  by  the  house  of  Grace  &  Co., 
of  New  York.  It  is  in  regard  to  a 
package  of  important  papers  that 
were  lost  overboard  from  the  steamer 
Capac  at  Rio  Janeiro,  a  considerable 
time  ago,  when  she  was  on  fire  at  that 
port.  The  papers  were  given  up  for 
lost,  but  quite  recently  some  one  killed 
a  giant  shark  at  Terre  de  Bas  les 
Saintes,  and  among  the  bric-a-brac  in 
his  interior  were  the  Capac's  papers. 
They  were  turned  over  to  a  French 
resident,  who  sent  them  to  the  London 
Board  of  Trade,  which  delivered  them 
to  M.  P.  Grace,  of  the  firm's  London 
house,  who  advised  the  people  here  of 
their  recovery.  The  fact  that  Terre 
de  Bas  les  Saintes  is  up  in  the  West 
Indies,  some  three  thousand  miles  from 
Rio,  makes  the  story  all  the  more  in- 
teresting. 

The  TJ.  S.  Supreme  Court  has  de- 
cided that  the  statute  of  limitations 
applies  to  claims  growing  out  of  pat- 
ents' the  same  as  any  other  claims'. 


ROR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  Iron,  lead  lined. 
1  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time,    For  sale 
aheap.    AddresB       L.  C.  $.,  Box  A,, 

Mining  upfl  5eientm«  PWM  Pffl«f  *»  F, 


Attention    fliners  ! 
W.  W.  liL4GUE&  CO. 

ABE    MANUFACTURERS    OP 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining:,  Mills  and  Power  Plants. 

IRON.  (JUT.  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PD?E  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  riarket  Street,  San  Francisco. 
FRANCIS    SMITH     &     CO., 

MANUFACTURERS  OK 


SHEET IRON  WSmkPlPW 


F="OR     TO\A/N     \A/ATER     \A/ORK.S. 

Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes. 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of  Pipes 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


CURS 


"Success  brings  success." 

Did  you  ever  stop  to  think  what  this  means?  Did  you 
ever  notice  how  the  "successful"  firm  transacts  Its  business? 
It  does  It  through  "  successful  "  channels.  The  Lunkenheimer 
Company  Is  said  to  be  a  "  successful  "  firm ;  that  their  special- 
ties area  "success;"  that  the  name  "Lunkenheimer"  on 
Brass  Goods  means  *'  success."  You  can  judge  for  yourself 
by  sending  for  their  new  Catalogue.  No  steam  user  should 
be  without  one.  Gratis  upon  request.  We  don't  want  all 
your  trade,  only  a  share. 

WE  HAVE  COME  TO  STAY. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  ot  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  tho  above  con- 
ditions.   When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.    Send  rot 

Illustrated  Circular,  ■       „      ,  ,        „  „ 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N,  Y, 

B,  D,  MORRIS  &  CO,,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco, 
Special  attention  glyen  to  tSs  purphase  oi.Mtse  as<3  MUI  Bupjrttsj. 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.  N,  JEHU.     -    -    -    -     Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

\  B88    Monteouury   Street,  San   Francisco. 

Rooms  48  and  47  Montgomery  Bloob. 

I  Ore   Assays,  Analyses  or  Minerals,   Metals 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GrVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


j  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  J 

Electrical  and  Mining:  Engineering-. 

)  Surveying.  Architecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying, ' 

733  Market  St.,  San  Franclcpo,  Cal. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR. 

A.  VAN  DEK  NAILLEN.  President. 

i  Assaying  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorlnation  I 

AsBay.  $25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  110,    Pull  Course  i 

of  Assaying,  $5U.    Established  IStW. 

B3T"  Send  for  Circular. 


Almarin  B.  Paul,  M.   E.t 
Mining:  Operator, 

ROOM  6,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
{  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sta..  San  Francisco. 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
1  ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the 
1  procuring  of  (suitable  Machinery  for  Interest 
i  in  Developed  Mines. 

i  Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED 
i  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent 
t  Instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
i  practical  scale. 


;  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works,  I 

No.  ".'■'■  Stevenson  Street, 

'  Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LTJCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

OreB  Sampled. 

i  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
I  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)    MADE. 

i  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 

i  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
^lining;  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


!  Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

!  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

'Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "Title  and 
I  Exact  Value'1  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Coppor, 
Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
p  relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street, 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

A  Third  Edition  of  Selected  Portions    of  the 
'•Explorers',  Miners'  and  Metal- 
lurgists' Companion." 

By  J.  S.  PHILLLPS,  M.  E. 

A  practical  exposition  of  the  various  departments 
of  Geologv,  Exploration,  Mining,  Engineering,  As- 
saying and  Metallurgy. 

The  work  is  divided  into  four  parts— Rocks. VelnB. 
Testing  and  Assaying.  The  geological  chapters  are 
Intended  to  give  miners  a  practical  Idea  of  the 
various-  formations.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins 
are  derived  from  long  observation,  and  the  section 
on  exploration  has  been  carefully  considered.  All 
that  relates  to  discrimination  and  assay  has  been 
kept  as  free  from  formulas  as  possible.  The  work 
Is  written  for  practical  men,  and  all  the  explana- 
tions and  discretions  are  clear  and  to  the  point.  It 
is  so  prepared  that  It  is  useful  to  uneducated  men 

*  Price1  Sfofpo«paid.    Sold  by  THE  MINING  AND 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Market  St..  San  Francisco 


Stamp  Cam, 


W.    H.    BirCh    &    CO.   (Incorporated) 

Manufacturers  of 
Passenger  and  Freight  Elevators, 
Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Improved  Corliss  Engines, 
Mining  Machinery, 

Cahle  Railway  Machinery. 

119  BEALE  STREET.   SAN  PKANCISCO,  CAL. 


Back  Piles  of  the  mining  and  Scientific 
Pbess  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  oaten*  binder.  SO  cent?  a-rldtHonal  per 

nnllima 


76 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Febiuary  2     189.V 


Electrical  Progress. 


What  Is    Electricity? 


It  is  often  easier  to  name  the  sources 
from  which  a  well-known  thing  is  de- 
rived, and  the  effects  it  is  capable  of 
producing,  than  to  explain  what  it 
really  is.  Hence  the  difficulties  which 
have  attended  all  attempts  to  define 
electricity  are  not  without  precedent 
or  parallel.  Faraday,  Franklin,  Max- 
well, Hertz  and  others  have  contributed 
largely  to  our  knowledge  in  this  field, 
and  our  impressions  of  the  sub- 
ject have  undergone  more  or  less 
change;  but  to-day  we  are  apparently 
as  far  as  ever  from  a  distinct,  positive 
understanding  of  the  true  nature  of 
this  mysterious  agent.  Professor  Row- 
land discusses  "Modern  Theories  of 
Electricity"  in  Engineering  Magazine  in 
an  intelligent,  if  not  satisfactory,  way; 
but  the  best  he  can  do  is  to  offer  us 
negative  and  fresh  problems. 

Recognizing  the  trammels  of  tradi- 
tion, and  realizing  that  he  cannot  offer 
anything  very  tangible  in  the  place  of 
what  he  takes  away,  he  confesses  that 
"  we  cannot  free  ourselves  from  these 
old  theories,  aud  exactly  suit  our  words 
to  our  meaning."  At  the  very  outset, 
he  insists  that  "  there  is  nothing  more 
certain  to-da}r  than  that  electricity  is 
not  a  fluid,"  and  pronounces  the  term 
■electric  currents"  ''unfortunate." 
And  then  he  shows  that  just  as  New- 
ton required  the  existence  of  an  ether, 
filling  all  space,  to  accouut  for  the  force 
of  gravitation,  so  we  must  join  Fara- 
day in  presupposing  that  same  medium 
as  a  means  for  all  the  electric  aud  mag- 
netic actions  we  witness.  That  these 
actions  occur  along  what  we  call  "lines 
of  force"  or  "tubes  of  force"  has  long 
been  known.  Maxwell's  calculations 
as  to  the  electro-magnetic  nature  of 
light  and  its  transmission  in  waves, 
wonderfully  confirmed  by  the  demon- 
strations of  Hertz,  render  the  ether 
still  more  necessary  to  the  solution  of 
the  problem.  But  the  question  then 
arises,  how  can  "lines  of  force  "  arise 
in  the  ether  ?  What  is  the  ether,  any- 
how '!  Swift  as  light  and  electricity 
are  in  their  movement  through  space, 
their  journey  from  the  sun  to  the  earth 
requires  appreciable  time — eight  min- 
utes, at  least;  while  gravitation  acts 
instantaneously.  That  is  an  inexplica- 
ble inconsistency.  Moreover,  the  ether 
does  not  retard  the  progress  of  heav- 
enly bodies  moving  through  it,  nor  im- 
pede the  light  rays  from  more  distant 
objects  which  pass  near  to  planets  that 
might  be  supposed  to  attract  it,  in 
layers  denser  than  the  average,  around 
them.  Apparently,  then,  the  ether  is 
without  weight,  and  we  are  forced  to 
conclude:  "  Ether,  then,  is  not  matter, 
but  something  upon  which  many  of  the 
properties  of  matter  depend. 
Where  is  the  genius  who  will  give  us 
an  ether  that  will  reconcile  all  the  phe- 
nomena with  one  another?" 


Tesla's   "Oscillator." 


Tesla's  latest  invention,  the  "Oscil- 
lator," is  described  as  one  of  the  most 
remarkable  appliances  of  the  age,  con- 
sisting of  "  the  core  of  a  steam  engine 
and  the  core  of  a  dynamo  combined, 
making  a  harmonious  mechanical  ad- 
justment," This  combination,  says  an 
enthusiastic  admirer,  constitutes  a  ma- 
chine which  has  in  it  the  potentiality 
of  reducing  to  the  rank  of  old  bell 
metal  half  the  machinery  at  present 
moving  on  the  face  of  the  globe.  It 
may  come  to  do  the,  entire  work  of  the 
engines  of  an  ocean  steamship  within 
the  small  space  they  occupy  and  at  a 
fraction  of  their  cost,  both  of  construc- 
tion and  operation.  It  will  do  this 
work  without  jar  or  pounding,  and  will 
reduce  to  a  minimum  the  risk  of  de- 
rangement or  breakage.  There  is 
nothing  in  the  whole  range  of  mechan- 
ical construction,  from  railway  loco- 
motives to  stamp  mills,  which  such  an 
invention  may  not  revolutionize.  The 
essential  characteristic  of  the  machine 
is  the  application  of  the  pressure  of 
steam  to  produce  the  extremely  rapid 
vibration  of  a  bar  of  steel,  or  piston, 
which,  in  turn,  is  so  adapted  to  a  set 
of  magnets  that  the  mechanical  energy 


of  the  vibration  is  converted  into  elec- 
tricity. The  extraordinary  result  is 
that  practically  an  absolutely  constant 
vibration  is  established,  and  a  power  is 
obtained  greatly  beyond  that  obtain- 
able in  the  most  costly  expansion  en- 
gines using  a  similar  amount  of  steam. 
'  Besides,  it  is  said,  saving  in  mechan- 
ical friction  the  thirty-five  per  cent  of 
loss  in  the  working  of  the  engine,  the 
fifteen  per  cent  of  loss  in  belt  friction, 
and  the  ten  per  cent  of  loss  wasted  in 
the  dynamo,  making  altogether  an  ad- 
dition of  sixty  per  cent  to  the  available 
energy  obtained  from  the  steam  for  the 
purpose  of  producing  electricity,  it  is 
simpler,  lighter  and  smaller  than  the 
mechanism  it  is  designed  to  replace, 
absolutely  constant  in  its  action,  auto- 
matically regulated  and  subject  to  the 
least  possible  amount  of  wear  and  tear. 
The  utilization  of  this  machine  in  any 
branch  of  industry  would,  it  is  claimed, 
result  in  an  appreciable  loweriug  in  the 
cost  of  production,  and  it  is  thought 
quite  possible  that  its  first  general  em- 
ployment may  be  in  electric  lighting. 


Mining  Machinery. 


STAMP   BATTERIES. 

Corliss  and  Meyer  Cut-off 

Steam    Engines. 

■ Improved 

Blake  Rock  Breakers. 

Amalgamating  Pans 
and  Settlers. 

CHLORIMATION  BARRELS. 

BRUCKNER    ROASTING    CYLINDERS. 

-f  VULCAN  -f 

WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


Recent  Tests  of  the  Telautograph.       VUlCail  IlM  WOfkS, 


For  reasons  not  obvious.  Dr.  Gray's 
telautograph  is  attracting  more  atten- 
tion abroad  than  in  the  inventor's  own 
country-  This  is  the  apparatus  by 
means  of  which  writing  or  outline  draw- 
ing on  the  tablet  of  a  sending  instru- 
ment is  reproduced  in  fac-simile,  on  a 
corresponding  instrument,  electrically 
operated,  at  a  distance.  Each  stroke, 
dot  aud  dash  is  repeated  automatically 
by  a  pen  which  follows  the  movements 
of  the  sender's  stylus,  and  the  likeness 
is  so  accurate  that  the  chirography  of 
a  person  at  one  end  of  the  line  may  be 
recognized  at  the  other  by  any  oue  al- 
ready familiar  with  it.  Detailed  re- 
ports are  received  of  a  recent  test 
made  between  Paris  and  London,  over 
a.  line  312  miles  long,  and  including 
twenty-three  miles  of  submarine  cable 
(across  the  English  channel)  and  five 
and  a  half  miles  of  buried  conductor  (in 
the  city  of  Paris).  In  England  over- 
head wires  were  used.  "  Bichromate" 
batteries  supplied  the  needed  current 
at  the  northern  terminus  and  Cal  land 
cells  and  storage  batteries  at  the 
southern.  Excellent  results  were  se- 
cured. The  highest  speed  attained 
was  at  the  rate  of  thirty-three  words  a  j 
minute,  and  the  writing  was  then 
rather  ragged,  though  legible.  This 
was  slower  work  than  is  possible  in  or- 
dinary hand  telegraphy,  to  say  nothing 
of  automatic  sending.  But  something 
else  was  gained  instead  of  speed.  The 
special  value  of  this  system  is  that  it 
does  not  require  a  trained  operator  to 
use  it.  Fallible  human  intermediaries 
may  therefore  be  eliminated,  and  abso-  . 
lutely  faithful  repetitions  of  a  message 
or  signal  be  guaranteed.  A  business  ; 
manager,  public  official  of  high  station, 
any  one  in  a  responsible  position,  in 
fact,  may  indite  with  his  own  hand  a 
communication  with  the  certainty  that  j 
"  what  he  says  goes;"  and  the  recipient 
has  a  faithful  record  to  preserve,  if  i 
necessary,  for  his  own  protection. 


135  to  145  Fremont  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


%Wi^y]M£&&±&»%%^ 


y 


II  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rook  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  hand.soLuely  Illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  11  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  fret  on 
application. 

It"    you     arii    111  to  rested     in^ 
Rock      Drilling;    Correspond 
with    us. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'gT  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


Or.  Address  the  Company  nl    its 


iver  Office. 


Electric  lights  may  now  be  shut  off 
automatically  at  any  hour  in  the  night, 
and  each  one  at  a  different  hour,  if  nec- 
essary, by  means  of  switches  operated 
by  alarm  clocks  in  the  hollow  parts 
that  sustain  the  lights.  The  alarm  disc  j 
is  set  for  the  proper  time.  It  is  neces-  I 
sary,  however,  for  a  man  to  go  around  I 
every  day  and  wind  up  the  clocks. 


On  the  railways  in  Denmark,  the  cars 
are  lighted  by  electricity  supplied  by 
storage  batteries.  These  latter  are 
charged  onh'  at  terminal  stations.  As 
the  country  is  so  small  that  the  slowest 
trains  only  require  about  four  hours  to 
go  from  end  to  end  of  a  road,  this  plan 
is  quite  feasible.  It  would  not  be  so  in 
this  country. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted,  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  "Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&C0.8pringfield,0hio,U.S.A. 

^IMPROVED  FORM   OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS.^ 


A    METHOD    OF    SILVERING    GLASS   has 

been  invented  in  Germany,  by  means  of 
which  light  is  reflected  from  one  sur- 
face, but  is  transmitted  when  falling  on 
the  other.  In  fact,  it  produces  a 
transparent  mirror.  Such  glass  is  ad- 
mirably adapted  for  use  in  office  win- 
dows on  the  street  level. 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  nur  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


February  2,    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


77 


The    Whirl    of    Fortune's    Wheel. 

In  connection  «  itli  the  gold  si  i 
■     li.   Dennis  gives  Bi 
■  under  bis  own  observation 
recently  in  the   East    which  illustrates 
the  strange  ups  and  downs  of  mining 
life.   Fifteen  years  ago  an  acquaintance 
.if  his  was  at  the  head  of  a  mining  com- 
pany then  operating  al  Leadville.  This 
i  considerable  development 

:ured  patents  to  a  number 

of  claims,  but  as  success  did  not  crown 
ickboldcrs  became  dis- 
;ed  and  the  claims   were  aban 
doned 

A  short  time  ago  this  gentleman  n 
ceived  a  letter  from  Leadville,  in  which 

he  was  offered  -" ■  ■  n I  these  old 

claims.    Tim  set  him  to  thinking,  and 
he  made  up  his  m  ml  I  o  I  iead 

ville,  taken  look  over  his  old  stamping 
ground  and  sn-  what  was  up.    As  .1  re- 
suit    he  discovered   that    the  claim  in 
■  in  adjoined  tin1  Little  Johnny. 

The  title  tn  his  old  claim  was  in  bud 

ape  and  he  discovered  that  it  would 

require  $8000  to  clear  it  up,    He  called 

a  meeting  of  the  stockholders,  laid  the 

Facts   before  them,  and   expressed   his 

willingness  to  contribute  bis  share  of 

the  money  necessary  to  clear  the  title 

and  develop  the  property,  but  when  he 

informed  them  thai  $100  000  might  be 

development    work    tbey 

declined  to  undertake  the  hazard.     He 

then  bought  them  out    for   small    sums 

and  went  ahead    willi    the  development 

1      A   short   time  ago  be  had  a 

i a  fide  oiler  of  $1,260,000   for   that 

abandoned  mine,  and  refused  it. 

[t  is  incidents  like  this  that  keep 
men  trailing  over  the  Western  moun- 
tains from  youth  to  age. 


...The  Comet  Crusher  ' 

FRASER  &  CHALMERS  is  brought  again  to  the 
POkKOKOllNI)  by  the  decision  of  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court,  May  19, 
1H04,  concluding  a  long  course  of  litigation  between  makers  of  the 
Gates  Crusher  and  Fraser  &  Chalmers  in  favor  of  Fraser  <&  Chalmers, 
and    all    costs    and    expenses    to    the    makers  of    the  Gates  Crushers. 


The   Inventor. 


FRASER    &    CHALMERS. 
CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.S.A. 

43  ThreadneedleSt.,  E.  C,  LONDON,  LlNG. 
WORKS  AT 

Chicago,  III.  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 

OFFICES: 

City  of  Mexico,    Mex.; 
527 


BRANCH 
2  Wall  Street,   N.    Y. 
5alt  Lake  City,   Utah;   Helena 
17th  Street,   Denver,   Colorado 


Montana: 


In  a  recent  address  Alexander  Sie- 
mens said  that  it  is  a  popular  supersti- 
tion that  the  inventors  are  heaven- 
made,  and  that  they  can  produce  useful 
lOvelties  to  order  in  any  branch  of 
manufacture  where  a  want  exists,  if 
mil  their  attention  is  drawn  to  it. 
'  The  history  of  the  invention  of  the 
ii-.un  engine,  he  said,  "is  a  well- 
known  illustration  of  the  point  I  wish 
to  emphasize.  According  to  the  popu- 
lar version,  Walt,  a  small  boy,  saw  the 
lid  of  a  teakettle  moving  up  and  down, 
when  the  water  was  boiling,  and  this 
suggested  to  him  the  construction  of  a 
steam  engine.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
U'atl  made  himself  acquainted  with 
what  had  been  clone  before  (a  point 
altogether  ignored  in  the  popular  ver- 
sion), and  had  lo  work  very  hard  be- 
fore he  brought  his  invention  to  a  suc- 
cessful issue.  His  example  is  typical 
of  the  true  method  of  progress,  and  we 
may  generally  say  that  in  order  to  ap- 
proach a  problem  with  the  most  cer- 
tain prospect  of  success  it  is  necessary: 

"1.  To  define,  as  accurately  as  pos- 
sible, the  want  that  exists,  or  the  par- 
ticular object  that  is  to  be  attained. 

"2.  To  be  well  acquainted  with  the 
scientific  principles  which  come  into 
play. 

"  li.  To  know  how  the  want  is  met, 
or  the  object  attained  in   practical  life. 

"4.  To  find  out  what  proposals  have 
been  made  by  others  in  the  same,  or  in 
a  similar  case. 

•'A  careful  attention  to  these  re- 
quirements will  prevent  much  disap- 
pointment and  waste  of  energy,  as  will 
be  obvious  to  all  of  you  without  further 
explanation." 

"  It  is  to  be  noticed."  writes  a  cor- 
respondent of  Industries  <tti<)  Iron, 
"that  the  gas  press  organs  become 
much  elated  on  the  occurrence  of  any 
small  hitch  or  accident  in  connection 
with  electric  lighting,  the  account  of 
which  is  eagerly  pounced  upon  and 
magnified  in  every  way  possible.  I 
think  that,  the  electrical  papers  might, 
||  with  equal  justice  and  expediency,  pub- 
lish for  the  benefit  of  the  electric  light- 
ing public  the  accounts  of  those  gas 
catastrophes  which  one  rarely  passes  a 
week  without  seeing  in  the  papers.  I 
will  undertake  to  say  that  the  accidents 
in  connection  with  gas,  involving  loss 
of  life  and  injury  to  property,  occurring 
in  a  month,  are  more  numerous  and 
disastrous    than     the    accidents    with 


MINING  AND  ORE  TREATING  MACHINERY 
OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

HUNTINGTON  CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER  MILLS, 
ROOTS  BLOWERS,  SMELTING  FURNACES,  etc. 


RIEDLER  PUMPS  AND  AIR  COMPRESSORS 
CORLISS  ENGINES,  BOILERS,  ETC. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


MA  N  U  FA  ITU  K  E  tiS    OP 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required, 

+++*    SPECIALTY.  -f-f+ 
OFFICE     MIND     \A/ORKS:       34     and     3<5     Main     Street,      San     Francisco,     Cal. 


electricity  in  a  year.  A  '  Gas  Accident 
Calendar,'  if  once  entered  on,  would,  in 
my  opinion,  rapidly  assume  imposing 
dimensions." 


A  Year's  Quicksilver  Product. 


The  estimated  production  of  quick- 
silver in  California  for  the  year  18H4  is 
as  follows: 


Mil,,. 
New  AlDiuduu  . 

Napa  Consolidated 
Great  Western 
Great  Eastern 

Standard  

Newldria.- 

.'Etna  Consolidated. 

Sulphur  Bants 

Bedington 

Other  sources 

Product,  181M 

Product,  1893 

Product,  1892 
Product,  1891 


Flmht. 
7.2:15 

4,93(1 

.       5,341   I 

1,368  1 

4,214   1 

I.UU5 

. .   3.575 

348 

.    1,209  I 

1,354 

30,579 

:tn,55[ 

27,993 
22,880 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

i«*  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  PtW  *-- 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS   and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F>.  Sc  B.  ROOFING. 


Send   for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  !£!S«£2J£&££ 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        40  First  St..  Portland,  Or. 


A  new  process  of  extracting  gold 
from  auriferous  ores,  by  means  of 
bromine,  is  reported  elaborated  by  C. 
Lot-sen.  The  difficulty  hitherto  associ- 
ated with  the  use  of  bromine  for  this 
purpose  has  been  the  obstacle  in  the 
way  of  its  recovery,  and  the  process, 
therefore,  has  been  too  expensive  for 
practical  use.  Herr  Lorsen,  however, 
now  electrolyses  a  solution  of  potassium 
bromide,  and  obtains  an  alkaline  solu- 
tion which  contains  hypobromide  and 
bromate,  which  is  capable  of  dissolving 
gold.  The  ore  is  treated  with  excess 
of  this  solution  by  rotating  cylinders; 
the  solution  is  then  filtered,  the  gold 
precipitated  by  passage  over  a  mixture 
of  iron  and  coal,  and  the  solution, 
which  now  mainly  contains  potassium 
bromide,  is  electrolyzed  once  more, 
and  again  used  for  extraction. 


ill 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 


23  Park  Place, 


New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


If  RANCH  OFFICES: 


Monadnock  Building  . . 

Ishpeming 

1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

Sherbrooli  P.  O 

Apartado830 


Chicago 

...  Michigan 

Denver 

Canada 

.  City  of  Mexico 


-78 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  2,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  31,  1S95. 
-  A  fraction  over  59  was  the  silver  quotation 
till  the  30th,  when  the  60  mark  was  again 
reached.  Little  if  any  change  is  reported  in 
any  of  the  metal  quotations,  except  copper, 
which  shows  a  small  advance. 

THE  SILVER  PRICE,  RATIO  OF  SILVER  TO  GOLD,  AND 
INTRINSIC  VALUE  OF  THE  SILVER  DOLLAR, 
FROM  1851  TO  1894,  INCLUSIVE. 

Intrinsic 

Price  of  Ratio  of  value  of  the 

silver,  silver  to  silver  dol~ 

Years.                      cents.  gold.     lav.  cents. 

1851 133.7  15.46  103.4 

1852 132.6  15.59  102.6 

1853 134.8  15.33  104.3 

1854 134.8  15.33  104.2 

1855 134.4  15.38  104.0 

1856 134.4  15.38  104.0 

1857 135.3  15.27  104.7 

1858 134.4  15.38  104.0 

1859 136.0  15.19  105.2 

1860 135.2  15.29  104.6 

1861 133.3  15.50  103.1 

1862 134.6  15.35  IC4.1 

1863 134.5  15.37  104.0 

1864 134.5  15.37  104.0 

1865 133.8  15.44  '03.4 

1866 133  9  15.43  104.6 

1867 132.8  15.57  102.7 

1868 132.6  15.59  102.6 

1869 132.5  15.60  102.5 

1870        132.8  15.57  102.7 

1871 132.6  15.57  102.6 

1872 132.2  15.63  102.2 

1873 129.8  15.92  100.4 

1874 127.8  16.17  98.8 

1875 124.6  16.59  96.4 

1876 115.6  17.88  89.4 

1877 120.1  17.22  92.9 

1878 115.2  17.94  89.1 

1879 112.3  18.40  86.9 

1880 114.5  18.05  88.5 

1881 113.8  18.16  88.0 

1882 113.6  18.19  87.9 

1883 111.0  18.64  85  9 

1884 111.8  18.57  86.1 

1885    106.5  19.41  82.3 

1886 99  5  20.78  76.9 

1887 97.8  21.13  757 

1888 94.0  21.99  73.7 

1889      93.6  22.10  72.4 

1890  104.6  19.77  80.9 

1891 98.8  20.92  76.4 

1892 87.1  23.72  67.4 

1893      78.0  26.49  60.4 

1894  60.4  34.25  46.7 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,   Jan.  31.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@13.50c. 

COPPER— Brokers',  10.05c:  exchange,9.95c. 

LEAD— Brokers',  S3.02%  ;  exchange,  f3.'12$£. 

TIN— Straits,  13.80c;  plates, c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  S3. 25. 
New  York  Prices. 

New  York,  Jan.  24. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week: 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Complied  Every  Thursday  frnm  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  anA  Other  San  Francisco  Journals. 


Company  and  Location.  No.    Amt. 

Bullion  M  Co,  Nev 44 10c. 

BuhverConM  Co,  Cal 10....  5c. 

Confidence  S  M  Co,  Nev 25 30c. 

Crescent  M  Co,  Cal 1....10O. 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev 1 15o. 

Gould  &  Curry  3  M  Co,  Nev.. .  .75.. .  .15c. 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 26 10c. 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 64 25c. 

Potosi  M  Co,  Nevada 43 25c. 

ReedM&MCo,  Nev 1....  2c. 

Sierra  Nevada  S  M  Co,  Nev...  108 25c. 

Company  and  Location. 
ConM&M  Co 


ASSESSMENTS. 

Levied,  Delinq't  and  Site.  Secretwy. 

..Jan   21,  Feb  36,  Mar  21 R  R  Grayson.  331  Pine 

.  .Dec    11,  Jan    16,  Feb  15 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

..Jan     9,  Feb  13,  Mar    6 .  .A  S  Groth,  414  California 

..Jan    15,  Feb  16,  Mar  11 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..Jan    8,Feb    28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

..Jan    17,  Feb  19,  Mar  12 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

.  .Jan   21,  Mar    6,  April  5 .W  W  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

.  .Dec    10,  Jan    14,  Feb  *  4 R  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

..Dec    11,  Jan    14,  Feb    5 C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery 

..Dec  31,  Feb    11,  April  3. .John  H  Isham,  room  33,  Mills  Bldg. 
..Jan    16,  Feb  20,  Mar  11 E  E  Parker, 309  Montgomery 

MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

. .  C  E  Elliot,  309  Montgomery Feb    6 


Assessment  Notices. 


Mining  Share  Market. 


Copper. 
10  00 
10  05 


Lead. 
3  00 
3  am 


10  05 


10 

5* 
5% 
5 


17 


I  5  50 


©16  00 
®18  00 


-Silver  in , 

London.    N.  T. 

Friday Sl%       59% 

Saturday 27%       59S 

Monday 27S4       59y. 

Tuesday 27%       59S 

Wednesday 27%       60 

Thursday 27?i       60 

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime .6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7(q  8 

Call  Loans, mixed  securities 7(y8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  bv  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 17J4C 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 20c 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.89 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.90 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 60 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 49t/£@50 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 
ANTIMONY. 

Per  lb — 

BOKAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots — 

Powdered,         "      — 

Concentrated,  "      — 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20 

Sheathing 21 

Ingot,  jobbing — 

Ingot,  wholesale 13 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 5  25 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 

LEAD. 

gig 

Bar 

Sheet 

Pipe 

SHUT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  lhan  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs. 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes, 
Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do.      " 
QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    ® ' 

COAL. 

SPOT   FROM    YARD— PKK  TON. 

Wellington $  7  50 

Greta 7  50 

Nanaimo 6  25  ] 

Oilman 5  75 

Seattle 6  00 

Coos  Bay 5  50 

Caunel 8  00 

Egg,  bard 12  50 

Wallsend 7  00  ' 

Scotch  Splint 8  00 

"Srymbo 7  50 

.Vest  Hartley 8  50 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00 

Scotch  Splint 6  50 

Cardiff 6  50 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00 

Cumberland 12  00 

Egg,  hard 12  00 

West  Hartley 7  00 

COKE. 

English,  to  load 9  00 

"        spot,  in  bulk 

"        in  sacks 

Cumberland 9  00 


16 


17 


(5). 

3  90 

fa) 

4  20 

(a 

5  25 

<e> 

4  75 

s.. 

$1  20 

1  45 

1  45 

San  Francisco,  Jan.  31,  1895. 

The  week  was  a  good  one  on  the  street,  the 
market  in  the  main  being  strong  and  active. 
The  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.  assays  show  an  improve- 
ment of  $2  per  ton.  But  653  shares  were 
delinquent  at  the  Savage  assessment  sale. 
The  Alta  mill  was  started  on  Monday. 
Heavy  snow  in  the  Sierras  in  the  early  part 
of  the  week  cut  off  mail  communication. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Belcher  71,867 
shares  were  represented  and  the  following 
officers  elected :  President,  James  Newlands ; 
vice-president,  A.  K.  P.  Harmon;  trustees, 
J.  P.  Martin,  George  D.  Edwards,  James 
Newlands  Jr.  C.  L.  Perkins  was  re-elected 
secretary  and  W.  E.  Sharon  superintendent. 
The  secretary's  financial  statement  showed 
a  credit  December  31st  of  $2816,  with  Decem- 
ber mining  expenses  not  paid. 

During  the  year  685  tons  of  ore  were  worked 
at  the  Brunswick  mill,  which  netted  614,929. 

The  Homestake  Mining  Company  paid  a  25- 
cent  dividend  on  the  25th.  Previous  divi- 
dends were  20  cents  a  share. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 


Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie , 

Bullion , 

Challenge 

Chollar , 

Confidence , 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point , 

Exchequer '. 

Gould  &,  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi « 

Savage 

Sierra  Nevada 

Union 

Utah     

Yellow  Jacket 


24 


1  70 
16 
49 
47 
46 
55 

"54 


31 


34 
7& 
19 
88 
1  65 
17 


San   Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


100  Alpha. 
100  Alta.. 


San  Francisco,  Jan.  31,  1895. 

9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

lOilOOKentuck 04 

">ll00  Mexican 88 

150  Ophir 1  65 

50  Savage 42 

200  Sierra  Nevada ....  45 

50  Union 52 

50 53 

200  Utah 05 


lOOBelcher 42 

50  Best  &  Belcher 
100 87 

50  Challenge 34 

200  C.C.  V 3  40 

100  Hale  &  Norcross . .     78 

1100  Justice 19 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:  30  P.  M. 

200  Andes 32  200  Gould  &  Curry. ...    34 

100     .  ...       31 250  33 

50  Belcher 41  500  Hale  &  Norcross..    75 

200  Best  &  Belcher.. . .     86  100  Mexican 86 

100  Bullion 12  100  Overman 17 

500  Bulwer 15  100  Seg  Belcher 11 

50  Challenge 34  100  Sierra  Nevada. ...    42 

290  Con  Cal  &Va 3  30|  50  Union 53 

10 3  25  200  Yellow  Jacket....     49 

450  Crown  Point 46l 


List  of   U.  S.    Patents  for    Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported   by   Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


FOR  THE  WEEK  ENDING    JANUARY  22,   1895. 

532,869.— Gas  Engine— Covey  &  Haines,  Stockton, 

Cal 
532,959.— Closet  Seat,  Etc.— F.  G.  High,  S.  F. 
532,898.— Buckle— W.  A.  CVBar,  Everett,  Wash. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
niBhed  by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 
by  mail  or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  For- 
eign patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  businesB 
for  Pacific  Coast  inventors  transacted  with  perfect 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  in  the  shortest 
possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


@ 


@  -- 


10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


.imong  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention : 

Hair  Clipping  Machine.  —  Charles  W. 
Babcock,  Portland,  Or.  No.  523,628.  Dated 
Jan.  15,  1895.  This  invention  relates  to  im- 
provements in  hair-clipping  machines  of  that 
class  in  which  a  toothed  cutter  plate  is 
adapted  to  be  reciprocated  over  a  fixed  comb 
plate.  The  object  of  the  invention  is  to  pro- 
vide a  machine  which  can  be  placed  flat  upon 
any  part  of  the  head  and  operated  by  means 
of  handles  without  the  necessity  of  any  rotary 
joint  to  change  the  position  of  the  clipper  with 
relation  to  the  handles,  and  to  so  construct  the 
machine  that  the  plates  may  be  separated 
from  each  other,  the  different  parts  easily 
adjusted,  taken  out  or  replaced.    It  consists 


of  the  comb  plate  fixed  to  one  of  the  pair  of 
handles,  and  channels  transversely  upon  the 
upper  surface,  a  cutter  plate,  a  tongue  ex- 
tending transversely  between  the  cutter  and 
comb  plates  lying  within  the  channel  having 
its  front  and  rear  edges  adapted  to  form  a 
tongue  and  groove  engagement  with  the 
cutter  plate,  and  a  shank  or  spindle  connect- 
ing with  the  other  handle  having  a  rocker 
arm  fixed  to  it  and  engaging  the  cutter  plate. 


P.  T.  Taylor  &  Co. 

Successors  to  Van  Drake  &  Taylor. 

Van  Drake  &  Taylor,  general  machinists  of 
this  city,  have  dissolved  partnership.  P.  T. 
Taylor,  having  purchased  the  interest  of  A.  J. 
Van  Drake,  will  continue  the  business  at  the 
old  place,  No.  523  Mission  street.  This  shop  is 
one  of  the  best  equipped  on  the  coast  for  doing 
fine  and  experimental  work  of  all  kinds.  In- 
ventors will  find  this  an  excellent  place  in 
which  to  work  out  and  perfect  their  ideas, 
while  manufacturers  generally  will  find  it  ad- 
vantageous to  avail  themselves  of  the  fine 
working  machinery  in  use  here.  Particularly 
will  this  be  the  case  with  those  having  gears 
to  cut,  as  a  new  Gould  &  Eberhardt  gear  cut- 
ter of  large  capacity  is  at  their  service  at 
very  moderate  rates.  * 


Every  Inventor  Wants  a  Good  Patent 

Or  none  at  all.    To  secure  the  best  patents 
Inventors  have  only  to  address  Dewey  &  Co 
Pioneer  Patent  Agents,  No.  220  Market  St., 
San  Francisco. 

TJiere  are  many  good  reasons  why  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  should  patronize  this  Home  Agency. 

It  is  the  ablest,  largest,  best,  most  con- 
venient, economical  and  speedy  for  all  Pacific 
Coast  patrons. 

It  is  the  oldest  on  this  side  of  the  American 
continent,  most  experienced,  and  in  every  wav 
reliable. 

Conducted  from  1S63  by  its  present  owners 
(A.  T.  Dewey,  W.  B.  Ewer  and  Geo.  H. 
Strong),  this  agency  has  the  best  knowledge 
of  patents  already  issued  and  of  the  slate  of 
the  arts  in  all  lines  of  inventions  most  com- 
mon on  this  coast. 

Patents  secured  in  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Mexico,  all  British  colonies  and 
provinces,  England  and  other  civilized  coun- 
tries throughout  the  globe. 

Caveats  filed,  assignments  duly  prepared, 
examinations  made,  and  a  general  Patent 
Agency  business  conducted. 

Established  and  successfully  and  popularly 
conducted  for  nearly  thirty  years,  our  patrons 
number  many  thousands,  to  whom  we  refer 
with  confidence,  as  men  of  influence  and  re- 
liability. Old  and  new  inventors  are  cordially 
offered  the  complimentary  use  of  our  library 
and  free  advice,  etc.  No  other  agency  can 
afford  Pacific  States  Inventors  half  the  ad- 
vantages possessed  by  this  old,  well-tried  and 
experienced  firm. 


20-Stamp  Mill    for  Sale. 

In  Southern  California,  a  20-stamp  Gold  Quartz  I 
Mill,  with  engine,  boiler,  self-feeders,  rock-  \ 
breaker,  etc. 

As  the  premises  are  adjacent  to  Railroad,  the  ! 
Mill  could  be  conveniently   removed.    Can  be  had 
at  low  price  for  cash.    Address:    "Quartz  Mill,"  | 
care  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  San  Fran-  i 
cisco. 


GOULD  &  CURRY  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY- 
Locatioa  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.;  location  of  works,  Virginia.  Storey 
county,  Nev. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  lTth  day  of  January, 
1SU5.  an  assessment  (No.  75)  of  fifteen  cents  (15c)  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  StateB  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  09,  Nevada  block.  30'.)  Montgomery  street,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  19th  day  of  February,  1805.  will 
be  delinquent,  and    advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
i  sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  12th  day  of  March,  1895,  to 
I  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
|  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.    Bv  order  of 
,  the  Board  of  Directors. 

ALFKED  K.  DURBROW,  Secretary. 
I      Office— Room  69,  Nevada  block,  ;(09  Montgomery 
'  street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

|  REED  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY— Location 
i  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  Oali- 
I  fornla.  Location  of  works,  Ferguson  Mining  Dls- 
|  triet,  Helene.  Lincoln  County,  Nevada. 
I  Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
j  Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  ;Ust  day  of  Decem- 
|  ber,  1894,  an  assessment  (No.  1)  of  two  (2>  cents  per 
|  share,  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
j  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
i  room  33.  tenth  floor,  Mills  Building-.  San  Francisco, 

California. 
\      Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment   shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the    28th    day    of    February,    1895, 
will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at' public 
auction,  and   unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  3d  day  of  April,  1S95, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
I  cost  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  aaJe. 
By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

JOHN  H.  ISHAM.  S.vretary. 
Office,    Room    gH,    tenth    floor.  Mills  Building-,  San 
Francisco,  California. 

BULLION  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  of  prin- 
cipal place  of  business,  San  Francisco.  California. 
Location  of  works.  Virginia  district.  Storey  county. 
Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  21st  day  of  January 
I  1895,  an  assessment.  iNu.44)  of  10  cents  per  share  was 
sold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21  Bt  day  Of  March,  1895. 
levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corporation, 
payable  Immediately  In  United  Stales  gold  coin  to 
the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company,  Room 
■  21,  No.  331  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  2(ith  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  aale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

R.  R.  GRAYSON,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  21,  No.  331  Pine  slreet,  San  Francisco, 
California. 

INYO  MARBLE  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA.— 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works,  Inyo,  Inyo 
County,  California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  21st  dav  of  January, 
1895.  an  assessment  (No.  2lS)  of  ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
Room  No.  13,  third  floor,  Mills  Building,  San  Fran- 
elsco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  ou  the  Olh  day  of  March,  1S95.  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction:  and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  5th  day  of  April,  1895,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  coats  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  Bale.  Bv  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

W.  W.  SARGEANT.  Secretary- 

Office— Room  13.  third  floor,  Mills  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California. 


DUMBARTON  LAND  AND  IMPROVEMENT  COM- 
PANY.—^.oeaiion  of  principal  place  of  busineBB. 
San  Francisco.  California.  Location  of  works,  in 
the  counties  of  Alameda  and  Santa  Clara,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  22d  day  of  January 
1895.  an  assessment  (No.  7)  of  12>t  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  Immediately  in  Untied  Slates  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
No.  214  Pine  street,  room  55,  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  28th  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  adverllsed  for  sale  at  puolle  auc- 
tion, and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  of  March.  1895.  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  Bv  order  of 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

JABEZ  HOWES,  Secretary. 
Office,  Room  55,  214  Pine  Street,  San   Franclaco. 
California. 


SImonds  Saws  and  Machine 
Knives. 

Rubber  Belting,  Rubber  Hose, 
Cotton  Hose,  Packing. 

Leather  Belting. 

Dodge  Wood  Split  Pulleys. 

Emery  Wheels,  Files. 

Graphite  and  Graphite  Grease. 

Covel  Belt  Hooks. 

SIMONDS  SAW  CO., 

No.  31    Alain   Street,   San   Francisco,  and 
85  First  St.,  Portland,  Or, 


NEW  METHODS. 


STORAGE  BATTERIES. 


NEW    RESULTS. 


By  the  use  of  illuminating  gas  for  power,  in  connection  with  our  Batteries,    twice  the  number  of 
lights  can  be  produced  than  by  burning  gas  direct. 

Our  Electric  Hand  Lamp  now  perfected  and  ready  for  the  market.    Write  us  or  call  for  full  par- 
ticulars. 


EUREKA 

645  MISSIOH  STREET 


ELECTRIC     CO., 

SAIf  FRAHCISC0,  CAL. 


February  2,  18«5. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


79 


Steadily    Sinking. 


Col.  K.  .1    Corthell,  who  is  now  maV- 

irveys   for    a  $5,000,000    bridge 

across  the   Mississippi,  near  New  Or- 

says   thai    tbe  citj    is  steadily 

sinking      He  says  that  there  is  a  move- 

at  on  fool  among  eminent  engineers 

to  bave  an  investigation  made  into  the 
delta  country,  with  ,i  view  to  ascertain 
how  much  sinking  there  has  been 
during  the  last  thirty  years.  It  is  a 
fact  that  the  entire  delta  country  is 
gradually  sinking.  Prom  a  number  ol 
tench  marks  made  by  surveyors  years 
ago  on  trees,  etc.,  on  the  gulf  coast. 
and  a  comparison  of  the  mean  level  of 
the  gulf  now  with  what  it  was  tweutj 
years  ago,  in  connection  with  the 
present  bench  marks,  the  fact  has  de- 


veloped that  the  delta  coast  has  sunken 
at  least  a  foot  in  the  past  thirty  or 
forty  years.  There  is  no  doubt  that 
the  city  of  New  Orleans  is  some  six 
inches  lower  now  than  it  was  forty 
years  ago.  The  intention  is  to  ascer- 
tain the  exact  sinking  of  the  earth  and 
to  investigate  the  causes  which  bave 
produced  i1 


METAL  JTINING 


i/.  pliattlcsi    Mechanti 

lh  rutin  ,,,/ ;     I/,. 

.,,,  /.,..  ,„,.., r;,;  ,„■  m,„ Hail, I  Kiuj i :Bridg,  frtaiueertng";  iftlAll 

i/..„, ,,/,„/  a,,,,,,,, .,,„,,.-  i'i„i„i„,„i  ,i,„i  n.Miii„i:  i  „„i  \t, ,,;„,,:  i  ,,,„,  //„   /.■„„/,;/,  :MUII 

Uranrnn.    A  blowpipe  outfit  and  case  or  mineral  specimens   rm    to  students     Senator  ■■JSS5!* 

l- re.-  utroulur,  Biattng  the  subject  rou  wish  to  Btudj    to  ^tftoRoui 


Dratrinu:    glecfrtcttv;     {,,/>,/.,/>■,-;    ArehStfctural   Hnnri, 
irprntry  </>■<'  Jolnn  .//  Ornamental  ana  structural  froti  Work: 


Tiik  figures  show  that  the  two 
cruisers,  the  "Cincinnati"  and  the 
"  Raleigh,"  which  were  built  by  the 
Government,  cosl  $1,227,565.94  more 
than  contractors  offered  to  build  them 
for.     In   other   words,    three  cruisers 

Could  have  been    built    by   contract   for 

whal  two  cost  when  thi'  Government 
tried  to  do  its  own  work,  and  they 
could  have  beet)  completed  in  less  time. 


The  International  Correspondence  Schools,  SCRANTON,  PA. 


The  Ideal  Steam  Oil  Refiner 


FOR    STEAM     TOWER     PLANTS 


The  Purity  Oil  Filter 

FOE     WATER    POWER     PLANTS. 

Will  reclaim  your  waste  oil  and  make  ii  equal  and  often  better  than  new  oil.    Will  reduce  y>ur  ull 
hill*  .Mi  jut  oeni  hlui  save  your  bearings,    in  use  with  thr  Inrgc&i  and  dori  plants  everywhere 
L?or  prices  and  particulars^  address 

O.    /v\.    DOUB.    137  First  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address!     "RISDOIN'S"     San     Francisco. 

-^ss^TlANUFACTURERS     OF^az^* 

Johjiston^sj^  Bryan  Mills, 

Challenge  OreJP^ders,  Air  Compressors, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 

The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  I860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 


Sun  Francisco.  Cal. 


.:il  Main  Street. 


Denver,  (ill. 


D.  B.  HANSON.  Manager. 

13.10  Klgliteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL.  Agenl. 

New  York  City 'ill    CortlaiKlt   Street. 

P.  A.  LARKIN.  Manager. 

Chicago,  111 509  Home  Ins.  Building:. 

J.  B.  ALLAN.  Manager. 

.Minneapolis,  .Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  F.  Harrison.  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  HACHINERY. 


LJnion   Iron  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST     AND     MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-/VIAINUFMCTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  C^ueirtx.  /Wills, 

Manty  CHili   mills.  Rolls  and  Concentrating  flVachinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  Water  Wheel. 

PU/VVPS  -Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and   Lead    Furnaces,        f\\l  Classes  of  Marine  U/ork. 


IP  BUILDERS.      *       BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *       HYDRAULIC  LIFT  D0CK.<^ss^ 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE;     I  A-  5    QRO/A  D  VA/rt  "V. 


CAIU.K  AIH>KKNK:      * '  %J  IN  I  O  N.* 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPF.R. 

.«n«n   AT    REDUCED    PRICES.  — ■ ' 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  aud  bv  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  or  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plales 
reflated,  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

■nirnTf7773?^  Incorporated.  -^SSSS&bw*--'' 

w-  send  fob  circulars.  68,  TO  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,  ^t 

5Hi  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ifci 
Mining  riaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 


-AGENT  FOR- 


Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  2,  1896. 


4000     UN     ACTUAL     USE.^*^ 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


For  any  iu formation,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 

(Successor   to  Adams  &  Carter,) 

AGENT  FOR  THE 


FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co..  Cal,  t 
Dec.  11  ISyi.     f 


of  4-foot  wide  Plain  Frue  Vanner 

"       Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner 
G-foot     "        Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner 


tfr.OO,  f. 
uOO,  f. 
GOO,  f. 


o.  1>. 
o.  b. 
o.  b. 


GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY, 

C.  J.  Ciark.  M.  E..  Gen'l,  Supt. 
MESSRS.  ADAMS  &  CARTER.  San  Francisco.  Cal.— Dk.au  Sins:  During  my  experience  in 
mining-  and  milling',  I  have  used  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vannera  on  different 
kinds  of  ore.  both  jrold  and  silver.  I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  with  other 
widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Pkue  in  first  place,  When  I 
built  this  mill  (2U  stamps).  1  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  in  ovdev  to  save  space  and 
machinery.  I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 
TwelveMonths.  They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  'id  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 
tons  per  day.  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.  They  require  no  more  attention 
than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.  I  have  run  them  up  to 
SO  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.  They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as 
rmTtr.  nnn  flAttfinvmniiflftii  the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  bearings  and 
FRI  F,  IlKK  (ION!  KNIKAIOn  wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil,  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 
inuu  unii  wiivuniiinivii,  My  repair  account  for  the  past  six  mouths  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.  In  order  to 
give  an  idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing  here,  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 
from  95  to  $20  per  ton  and  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  (it)  cts.  per  ton.  I  will  conclude  by 
saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  Is  the  only  table 
that  Iwould  have  in  mv  mill.  C.  J.  CLARK.  Gen'l  Supt. 


132  MARKET  ST., 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


******  THE     PRICES  ****** 

Ingcrsoll-Sargcant  «&  brills  and  Compressors 


HAVE     BEEN     REDUCED. 


SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  AND  ESTIMATE  TO 


PARKE  <5c   LACY  CO.,   Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

.21    and    ;23     F"remont    Street,    San    Francisco,    Cal. 


T!L!McGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 

patented  September  in.  im.       CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      fkank  BARREKE,.secretavyand  Manager. 


Can  be  seen  in  operation  at  ttie  Company's  works.  13'i 
.Hitiu  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Office,  116  Davis  Street. 


NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 

SrtVED 

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 


A  MARVKL  of  Simplicity.  Durability  and  Effectiveness, 
combining  both  Side  and  End  Motion  with  a  Bumping 
Belt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  belt  and  amount  of  PER- 
CUSSION easily  and  Quickly  regulated,  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  tons.  Only  one-tenth  horse  poww 
required.    Adapted  tor  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

IMiM'B S350  EACH 

Including  prepared  canvas  belt  -!  i'l.  (j  ins.  wide. 


FALL*  Mink,  Ego,  Shasta  Co..  Cai,..  Mav  &*)th,  1393, 

Ttlt:  MCGLEW  Co.NTKNTKATOlt   COM  PAX  V  ;  —  I    lalii-    JUUCll 

pleasure  iu  endorsing  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. Wlu'n  I  was  requested  to  examine  your  concen- 
trator, I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring  that  I  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Frue.  as  after  many  years'  experience 
with  different  concentrators,  i  believed  them  to  be  the 
best. 

Now.  after  a  thorough  trial  of  the  McGlew  i  >re  Concen- 
trator, on  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I  emphatically 
pronounce  It  the  best  concentrator  of  any  l  have  ever 
used  iu  haiulMue  my  ores.  It  is  doing  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  cou- 


ld p 


1  tailings,  taken   eve-i 

ur'.ir..  per  ci 

It.      Tl: 

slight 

irand 

id  ilea 


ixed  and  a 
,ving  by  yoi 

dgo,     *     '     *    a  saving  ot'.}2 1 
ms  very  easy  and   requires  bn 
an  attfiitlH  lo  ruck  hn-aki'i*.  cri» 
You  have  a  good  concentrator,  a 
handle  any  ore  thai  will  concentrate.     I 
conimerid  it  to  the  mining  public.    Yours  r 
E.  L.  BALLOU.  Prdpr.  Ballon  RedUCti 


y    hour,   drie- 
Wesi    ge, 


THE  WOODBURY  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  WITH  IMPROVED  BELTS  58&TS5&  %8o8t$t&g%Eigi&$ 


the  spaee  of  any  other  concentrator.  Buill  of  best  Sleel  and  Wrought  In 
The  annexed  cut  shows  the  belt  in  its  improved  form,  which  consists  oi'^orrugati-d  edges,  to  fo 
HAS  THE  FOLLOWING  MERITS:  First— The  Improved  belts,  which  consist  Of  seven,  are  coi 
portion  of  the  pulp  in  such  a  manner  as  to  relieve  the  machine  of  its  load,  thereby  giving  it  twi 

work  from  12  to  15  tons  of  ore  per  day.    £ 
partments,  thereby  working  mure  regula 


Geo.  E.  Woodbury, 

Manufacturer, 
141  lot  43 

First  St 
San    Fran-  jr, 
eiseo.  Cal.  V 


other  concentrators  using  wide  belts.    Each  of  the  bells  t 
is  allowed  i.u  it— in  this  way  preventing  the  pulp  from  nil 


S575  f. 
u  expanding 
cted  and  arrai 
le  capacity  oi 

d-  The  uiaelii 
id  with  i 


Te 
THE  IMPROVED  MACHINI- 
to  allow  each  bell  lo  receive  : 
iicentrators.  and  enabling  it  t< 

zes  the  load   by  several  com 
uliuii  than  is  necessary  10  glv 

iue  takes  '-are  of  the  pulp  ilia 

lower  Sid 


Premium  at  Mecl 
ilh  one-half  less  po 


■>'  Institute, 
nd  occupying 


ISiK)   and    1801. 

less  than  one-half 


wide  belts  are 
perfect  line,  ni 
their  running  t 


ut 


Third-  Tl 
no  ad j  u 


le 


el    Wl 


Fifth 

edges, 

e  ft"  ce- 


ll lly 


:  hell: 
atment  to   . 
le.  as  in  other  < 
It  surfaces  are 
ind     corrugatl 
lo    save    fine 
ud    perform  c 
-  fluted  or  CO 

ided  top 


from 


Sixth  -  The  feed  arrangement  is  perfect. 
Seventh— The  machine  is  constructed  of  iron. 
with  sleel  crank-shaft  self-oiling  boxes,  and 
everything  made  in  the  most  thorough  manner, 
enabling  it  to  run  with  very  little  attention  or 

This  Concentrator  took  the  1st  prize  at 
the  San  Francisco  mechanics'  Institute  in 
1890,  1801  aiu!  1H93,  and  at  the  Califor- 
nia State  Fair  in  1893;  it  took  the  1st 
prize  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  1803,  and  at  tin*  S; 


midwinter  Fair,  1894. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  riachinery 

-For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity.  ^ 


ELECTRIC     POWER     TRAINSMISSIOIN  ! 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  running  every  station  of  this  character  in  the  entire  West.    An  experience  of  more  than  12  years  in  planning  and  executing  water  power  plants  affords  assurance  that  all  work 
furnished  will  he  adapted  lo  the  requirements  of  the  case,  and  give  the  best  possible  results  under  existing  conditions. 

^^aaflSZ^*-  CATALOGUES  FURNISH  ED  UPON  APPLICATION.  -^TSwirrm..    ^ 

THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


fUNE  m  BELL  ®  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force   in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 


P"OR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OP  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  12  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
■  the  Voorhies  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March  8,  1893.  The  law  is  entitled  "  Ad  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  of  Mine  Bell  Signals  to  Be  Used  in  All  Mines  Operated  in  the 
State  of  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Miners."  Wc  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  cloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  50  cents  a  copy.  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market 
Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


IttNINg 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOIJMK    I    \\. 
Number  «. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  9,  1895. 


THREE    DOLLARS    PER    ANNUM. 
sinKl«>  Copies,  Ten  CentB. 


The   "Lancaster' 


'  Hoister  at   Rocky  Bar, 
Idaho. 


The  "Lancaster"  combination  hoisting  ma- 
chine, shown  at  work  as  a  steam  crane  on  the 
accompanying  cut,  taken  from  a  photograph, 
is  one  recently  designed  and  built  by  James  H. 
Lancaster,  39  and  41  Cortlandt  street,  New 
York,  for  the  Rear  Creek  Alluvial  (lold  Com- 
pany  <>f  Rocky  Bar,  Idaho. 

It  is  there  used  chiefly  for  raising  boulders 
and  rock  from  the  creek  fifty  feet  below  the 
track  on  which  it  travels  and  works.  The 
illuNtration  shows  the  machine  with  a  load  of 
boulders  and  rock  weighing  four  tons  on  a 
platform  six  feet  square  and  five  feet  high. 

The  boulders  are  lifted  from  the  creek  and 
then  run  back  on  the  track  200  feet,  swung 
completely  around  and  automatically  dumped 
by  tipping  one  side  of  the  platform  by  a  chain 
connected  to  and  operated  by  the  second  drum 
of  this  double  drum  hoister. 

The  hoister  is  self-propelling   in   both  direc- 
tions on  a  4-foot  8*-inch,    8  or   10  foot   gauge 
track,    and     has    eight    adjustable    traveling 
wheels  to  suit  the  gauge.     It  rotates  the  plat- 
form carrying  the   engine,  boiler  and   loaded 
boom  completely  around  upon   a  7-foot   6-inch 
turntable  mounted  on   the  steel   truck.     The 
machine  travels  about  four  miles  an  hour,  der- 
ricks the  loaded  30-foot  steel  boom  in  and  out 
and  swings  it  around  the  entire  circle  in  thirty 
seconds.     The  swinging  or  slewing,  derricking 
and  traveling  motions  of  the  ma- 
chine are   simultaneously    oper- 
ated and  independently  reversi- 
ble, and  it  is   so  balanced   that 
no  perceptible  jarring  or   rock- 
ing of  the  platform  occurs  while 
rapidly  picking  up  or  dropping 
the  heaviest  load  at  the  extreme 
radius. 

This  1895  combination  "Lan- 
caster" hoister,  handled  by  one 
man,  automatically  works  a 
grapple  of  14  cubic  yards  on  a 
25-foot  boom,  a  1}  yard  on  a 
30-foot  hoom  and  a  1  cubic  yard 
grapple  on  a  35-foot  boom,  re- 
spectively, and  makes  seven  de- 
liveries of  a  well-filled  bucket 
from  a  sand,  gravel  or  mud  pit 
thirty  feet  deep  to  cars  or  scows 
at  any  point  or  position  within 
the  entire  radius  every  five 
n-.inutes. 

A  steam  shovel  of  the  ' '  Lan- 
caster" patent  steam-actuated, 
double-speeded  construction  of  1 
or  1i  cubic  yard  capacity  can 
also  be  connected  to  and  be 
rapidly  operated  by  one  man 
with  the  same  hoister  and 
changed  from  or  to  a  steam 
crane,  shovel  or  grapple  (clam 
shell  or  other  style)  inside  of  thirty  minutes.  This 
combination  machine  can  also  be  "readily  detached 
from  the  steel  car-frame  shown  and  transferred  to 
and  fixed  upon  the  deck  of  a  scow  or  barge  and 
rapidly  operated  from  it  and  used  either  as  a  crane 
or  for  working  a  grapple  or  a  dipper. 


arms  or  lateral  supports  are  carried  at  both 
front  and  rear  ends  of  the  truck,  which  slide 
in  flush  when  not  in  use,  and  outwardly  as 
needed  up  to  fourteen  feet  in  width.  These 
four  adjustable  steadying  accessories  are 
available  in  case  of  any  tendency  to  tip,  when 
rapidly  lifting  and  swinging  excessive  loads 
at  a  great  radius.  Winch-heads  are  placed  on 
each  side  of  the  machine  for  general  hauling 
purposes. 

These  hoisting  and  digging  machines  are 
also  operated  in  connection  with  the  new 
"Lancaster"  placer  gold  amalgamator  and 
concentrator  which  treat  low-grade  placer 
diggings,  tailings  or  pulverized  ore  from  either 
stamp  mills  or  rolls  at  the  rate  of  one  cubic 
yard  and  upward  a  minute,  at  low  cost 
with  a  minimum  supply  of  water  or  com- 
pressed air. 


THE     LANCASTER     "  1895  "     HOISTER. 
Seven  tons'  load,  thirty-foot  boom. 


A  miner,  who  owns  a  three-fourths  interest 
in  a  claim  that  he  wants  patented,  writes, 
saying  that  the  owner  of  the  other  one-fourth 
doesn't  want  the  claim  patented  and  refuses 
consent.  He  wants  to  know  the  best  thing  to  do. 
lio  ahead,  and  get  your  claim  patented  in  the 
joint  name  of  yourself  and  the  owner  of  the  one- 
fourth.  He  may  or  may  not  pay  his  pro  rata 
of  the  expense,  but  that  is  the  only  way  you 
can  get  a  patent.  The  Government  won't 
issue  a  patent  for  an  individual  interest  and 
neither  you  nor  it  can  compel  your  partner  to 
join  you  in  an  application.  But  he  can't  pre- 
vent you  getting  a  patent  in 
your  name  and  his. 


In  a  communication  in  another 
column,  J.  E.  Bell,  of  Shasta, 
emphasizes  the  fact  recently 
pointed  out  in  these  columns 
that  unless  prompt  and  effective 
action  be  taken  the  thus  far 
unpatented  mineral  lands  of  the 
State  will  be  controlled  by  a 
trust.  The  facts  have  been 
given  in  these  columns  from 
week  to  week,  our  Senators  and 
Congressmen  are  acquainted 
with  them,  a  committee  in  this 
city  is  doing  all  possible  to  push 
the  people's  side  of  the  case,  and 
every  reader  of  the  PRESS  can 
aid  in  the  work. 


Elsewhere  "A  Miner"  voices 
the  sentiment  of  every  mining 
man  in  the  State  in  a  protest 
against  the  proposed  transfer  of 
the  State  Mining  Bureau  to  the 
State  •  University.  His  argu- 
ments are  unanswerable. 


THE     "  LANCASTER  "     HOISTER     AT     ROCKY     EAR,     IDAHO 


The  engines  are  reversible  and  set  at  a  slight 
angle  to  permit  the  compact  arrangement  shown  of 
gears  and  frictions  and  the  center-pin  or  steadying 
post,  around  which  the  whole  machine  rotates.  The 
pair  of  engine  cylinders  are  9  inches  in  diameter  by 
12-inch  stroke  and  mounted  on  a  frame.     Extension 


MiNiN'ii  has  done  much  for  this 
State,  but  the  State  has  never 
done  much  for  mining.  All  that 
it  is  asked  to  do  now  is  to  let  matters  alone;  let  the 
Mining  Bureau  go  on  with  its  present  good  work, 
and  don't  cripple  intelligent  effort  by  any  wrong 
ideas  of  "  economy."  The  good  of  the  State, 
should  not  be  made  to  yield  a  personal  vindictive- 
ness. 


82 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  9,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


OJice,  jVo.  230  Market.  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Francisco. 
B^~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Frmit  Street. 


AnmiMl  Subscription $o  00 


Chicago  Office CHAS.  Dr.  SPALDING,  i 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoffice  aB  second-class  mail  matter. 


.1.  F.  HALLORAN General  Manager 

San  Francisco,  February  9,  1895. 

TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


Statements  Versus  Facts. 


ILLUSTRATIONS —The  Lancaster  "1895"  Hoister;  The  "Lan 
caster"  Hoister  at  Rocky  Bar,  Idaho,  81.  Incandescent  Night 
Lamp;  Photographers'  Incandescent  Lamp,  83. 

EDITORIALS— The  "Lancaster"  Hoister  at  Rocky  Bar,  Idaho; 
Miscellaneous,  81.  Statements  Versus  Facts;  Sale  of  a  Shasta 
County  Mine;  A  Blow  at  the  Mining  Interests;  A  Strong  Pro- 
test, 82." 

CORRESPONDENCE.— An  Impending  Danger;  An  Earnest  Pro- 
test, 84. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— The  Simplon  Tunnel;  Machinery  in 
Business;  A  320  H.  P.  Gas  Engine;  Gas  Motor  on  Shipboard;  Pipe 
Bending,  89. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS— Electrical  Rapping  and  Talking 
Table;  Replace  Lamps  Often;  Miscellaneous,  92. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— Prom  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  90-91. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets,  etc.,  94. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates;  Personal,  83.  Mineral  Re- 
sources and  Industry  of  Corea;  Eureka  Company;*  Portable 
Electric  Lamp,  84.  The  Refining  of  Gold  Sulphides;  Arizona  Gold 
Ores,  85.  Ore  Production  Without  Profit;  Mexican  Industrial  Ex- 
position; Edison's  Forecasts;  Silver  for  Oriental  Markets,  86. 
Gold  Mining  in  California,  87.  The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons;  To 
Operate  California  Mines,  88.  New  Land  Office  Rulings;  Irriga- 
tion Run  Wild,  93.  Patents;  Coast  Industrial  Notes,  95.  A  Word 
of  Caution;  South  Africa's  Gold  Output;  Electric  Elevators,  94. 


The  annual  report  of  the  Ontario  Mining  Bureau  is 
received,  containing  200  pages  of  practical  informa- 
tion regarding  the  mineral  wealth  of  that  Dominion. 
It  is  to  be  hoped  the  Dominion  government  appre- 
ciates the  value  of  the  institution,  and,  unlike  the 
California  government,  will  not  have  any  proffered 
measures  for  the  annihilation  of  its  Mining  Bureau. 


A  press  dispatch  of  the  5th  from  Sacramento  says 
that  Prof.  Hilgard,  the  head  of  the  agricultural  de- 
partment of  the  University  of  California,  is  prepar- 
ing a  bill  to  abolish  the  State  Mining  Bureau.  We 
have  the  best  authority  for  saying  that  there  is  no 
truth  in  the  statement.  Among  other  sensible  at- 
tributes of  Prof.  Hilgard  is  the  capacity  for  minding 
his  own  business. 


A  bill  passed  the  Assembly  last  Monday  that  will 
afford  some  cessation  from  the  harassing  of  hydraulic 
miners  so  common  heretofore.  As  at  present,  any 
inadvertent  violation  of  the  legal  technicalities  re- 
garding the  disposition  of  debris  is  punishable  as 
contempt  of  court — the  assumption  being  that  the 
miner  is  a  quasi-criminal  existing  only  through  suf- 
ferance and  presumed  to  be  a  law-breaker.  The  bill 
permits  appeal  from  findings  for  contempt  and  gives 
the  hydraulic  miners  the  same  equitable  rights  pos- 
sessed by  other  citizens.  There  were  only  eighteen 
opposing  votes.  Its  provisions  apply  to  any  citizen 
of  any  occupation  and  permit  appeal  from  findings  for 
contempt  not  committed  in  the  presence  of  the  court. 

The  recent  national  convention  of  manufacturers 
at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  was  well  attended.  It  was 
unanimously  resolved  to  form  a  "National  Associa- 
tion of  Manufacturers  of  the  United  States."  A 
second  meeting  will  be  held  in  Philadelphia  toward 
the  close  of  the  year.  Each  State  is  entitled  to  five 
delegates,  and  one  additional  delegate  for  every 
$50,000,000  output  of  manufactured  product,  as  ap- 
pearing in  the  census  of  '90.  The  matter  of  foreign 
markets  was  given  wide  discussion,  the  sentiment 
being  that  "no  matter  how  much  our  consumption  of 
various  things  is  compared  to  the  consumption  of 
the  same  things  by  the  rest  of  the  world,  our  pro- 
ductive powers  outstrip  our  consumptive  demand 
and  we  therefore  need  outside  markets." 

The  efforts  of  the  committee  on  the  exemption  of 
mineral  lands  are  bearing  fruit.  Mr.  McGee,  "Chief 
of  Division  P,"  has  seen  a  great  light,  and  discovers 
that  he  cannot  continue  to  be  so  high-handed  in  his 
actions  as  he  started  out  to  be.  "Clear  List  54" 
contained  nearly  134,000  acres  of  land  calculated  to 
be  absorbed  by  the  railway  company.  It  was  certi- 
fied in  the  General  Land  Office  as  having  been  ad- 
judged agricultural,  and  the  commissioner  made  a 
report  thereon,  recommending  approval.  Investiga- 
tion, however,  has  shown  a  multitude  of  mineral  sur- 
veys and  entries  in  the  "  clear  list,"  and  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior  has  decided  that  lands  embraced 
in  List  54  selected  by  the  Central  Pacific  railroad, 
are  within  a  clearly  defined  mineral  belt,  and  has  ac- 
cordingly postponed  the  issuance  of  the  patent  pend- 
ing a  publication  notice. 


Discussing  "The  Silver  Dollar,"  the  Louisville 
Courier- Journal,  to  hand,  "in  a  powerful  editorial," 
says: 

"The  purchasing  power  of  the  silver  dollar,  which 
is  now  equal  to  that  of  the  gold  dollar,  would  be  re- 
duced if  the  present  policy  of  the  treasury  were 
abandoned.  The  different  kinds  of  dollars  are  kept 
at  a  parity  by  the  policy  of  the  treasury  depart- 
ment, which  gives  to  the  citizen  the  sort  of  a  dollar 
he  desires.  The  law  requires  that  a  note  which  calls 
for  coin  be  paid  in  either  gold  or  silver  at  the  option 
of  the  holder." 

The  facts  are  in  direct  opposition  to  the  state- 
ment. The  Kentucky  editor's  zeal  in  defense  of  the 
Kentucky  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  does  not  justify 
such  distortion  of  fact. 

The  laws  of  the  United  States  give  the  treasury 
department  power  to  redeem  notes  calling  for  coin 
in  gold  or  silver  at  the  option  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury.  The  holder  of  the  notes  has  nothing  to 
say  in  the  matter.  The  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
may  redeem  all  such  notes  presented  in  silver,  if  he 
chooses,  and  the  holder  of  the  note  cannot  object, 
nor  can  he  refuse  to  take  silver. 
Again  Mr.  Watterson  says: 

"  Free  coinage  means  the  government  shall  take 
.371}  grains  of  silver,  worth  about  fifty  cents,  and 
give  a  dollar  for  it." 

It  means  nothing  of  the  kind.  Free  coinage  means 
that  the  government  shall  take  371}  grains  of  silver, 
mix  with  it  41}  grains  of  alloy,  put  the  government 
stamp  on  it,  and  give  it  back  to  its  owner,  the  gov- 
ernment receiving  41}  grains  of  silver  as  pay  for  its 
trouble  and  the  government  stamp. 

The  same  article  contains  a  third  misstatement. 
It  says: 

"  The  passage  of  the  Sherman  act  in  1890  put  up 
the  price  of  silver  to  $1.21  in  about  a  month.  Then 
it  began  to  recede  and  is  now  worth  from  59  to  60 
cents  an  ounce." 

The  Courier-Journal  is  as  mistaken  in  its  deduc- 
tions as  in  its  direct  statements.  As  a  matter  of 
fact,  in  1890  it  was  thought  that  a  free  coinage  law 
would  be  passed.  Under  expectation  of  this  the 
price  of  silver  bullion  rose  to  11.21.  Then,  when  the 
Sherman  law  was  passed — as  a  compromise  in  place 
of  free  coinage — the  price  gradually  declined  again. 
The  reason  for  this  is  plain. 

The  Sherman  law  treated  silver  as  a  commodity. 
Like  other  commodities  its  price  was  governed  by 
the  law  of  supply  and  demand,  and,  this  being  the 
case,  the  price  of  the  whole  was  regulated  by  the 
price  of  the  surplus,  over  and  above  the  54,000,000 
ounces  bought  each  year  by  the  government.  This 
surplus,  although  small,  being  excluded  from  our 
mints  and  those  of  Europe,  sold  at  a  low  valuation, 
thus  keeping  the  price  of  the  whole  product 
down. 
Tote  fa; 


transfer  and  accompanying  activity  another  instance 
of  profitable  investment  of  foreign  capital  in  Cali- 
fornia mining  enterprises. 

A  Blow  at  the  /lining    Interests. 

Not  since  State  Senator  Kelley  of  Solano  intro 
duced  a  bill  into  the  Legislature  declaring  hydraulic 
mining  in  California  "  a  public  nuisance  "  has  there 
been  so  absurd  a  proposition  affecting  the  mining 
interests  of  this  State  as  State  Senator  Langford's 
bill,  which  is  herewith  presented  in  full  : 

(SENATE  BILL  NO.  369.) 

Introduced  by  Mr.  Langford  in  the  Senate,  January  18, 1895. 
Referred  to  Committee  on  Mines,  Drainage  and  Mining  Debris. 

An  Act 

To  repeal  an  Act  entitled ''An  Act  to  Provide  for  the  Establish- 
ment and  Maintenance  of  a  Mining  Bureau,"  approved  April, 
1880,  and  to  transfer  the  museum,  library,  laboratory  and  all 
other  property  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  together  with  the 
fund  provided  jfar.the  maintenance,  to  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia. 

The  people  of  the  State  of  California,  represented  in  Senate 
and  Assembly,  do  enact  as  follows :  ■  - 

Section  1.  The  Act  to  provide  for  the  establishment  and 
maintenance  of  a  Mining  Bureau,  approved  April  16,  1880, 
is  hereby  repealed.  ■ 

Section  3.  The  Act  supplementary  to  u  An  Act  to  Provide 
for  the  Establishment  and  Maintenance  of  a  Mining  Bureau 
approved  April  16,  1S80,"  approved  March  31,  1885,  is  hereby 
repealed. 

Section  3.  The  museum,  librarj',  laboratory,  and  all  other 
property  whatsoever  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  shall  be  and 
is  hereby  transferred  to  the  custody  and  care  of  the  Regents 
of  the  University  of  California,  to  be  administered  by  them 
for  the  State  of  California,  as  part  of  said  University. 

Section  4.  The  Regents  of  the  University  of  California 
may,  in  their  administration  of  the  museum,  authorize  the 
Department  of-Geolbgy  and  Mineralogy  of  the  University  of 
California  to  carry  out  any  investigations  in  the  field  or  other- 
wise which  may  be  deemed  necessary  for  the  elucidation  of 
the  geology  and' mineralogy  of  the  State,  or  to  complete  the 
geological  and  mineralogical  history  of  California. 

Sections.  For  the  purpose  of  maintaining  the  Museum  of 
Geology  and  Mineralogy  in  the  city  of  San  Francisco  the  fund 
known  as  the  Mining  Bureau  fund,  as  described  in  Section  5 
of  the  Act  herein  repealed,  entitled  "An  Act  for  the  Estab- 
lishment and  Maintenance  of  a  Mining  Bureau,"  approved 
April  10,  1880,  is  hereby  continued  in  force  and  shall  be  known 
as  the  ''Geological  and  Mineralogical  Fund,"  and  the  tax 
upon  certificates  of  stock  corporations  shall  continue  to  be 
levied  in  the  samemanner  as  heretofore,  as  provided  by  the 
Act  entitled  An  Act  Imposing  a  Tax  on  the  issue  of  Certifi- 
cates of  Stock  Corporations,  approved  April  1,  1878,  and  shall 
be  covered  into  the  "Geological  and  Mineralogical  Museum 
Fund  "  in  the  same  manner  as  heretofore  it  was  placed  to  the 
credit  of  the  "  Mining  Bureau  Fund  "  as  provided  by  Section  5 
of  an  Act  entitled  "An  Act  to  Provide  for  the  Establish- 
ment and  Maintenance  of  a  Mining  Bureau  "  hereby  repealed, 
and  the  said  "  Geological  and  Mineralogical  museum  Fund  " 
shall  be  applied  by  the  Regents  of  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia, to  the  maintenance  and  support  of  the  said  museum, 
and  to  the  prosecution  of  such  investigations  into  the  geology 
and  mineralogy  of  the  State  as  may  be  authorized  by  the  said 
Regents. 

Section  0.    This  Act  shall  take  effect  and  be  in  force  imme- 
diately after  its  passage. 


A  Strong  Protest. 


Brudder  Watterson,  tote  fail-.  Nothing 
is  gained  by  misstatement  of  such  patent  facts  as 
those  discussed. 


Sale  of  a  Shasta  County  nine. 


The  Iron  Mountain  group  of  mines  near  Redding 
was  sold  last  week  to  a  London  syndicate,  repre- 
sented by  C.  W.  Fielding,  for  $300,000.  The  prop- 
erty comprises  1300  acres,  and  has  yielded  silver, 
gold  and  copper  to  the  value  of  over  half  a  million. 
A.  Hill,  consulting  engineer  of  the  Rio  Tinto,  who 
examined  and  reported  on  the  mine,  is  quoted  as  de- 
claring that  the  Iron  Mountain  will  be  worked  chiefly 
for  its  copper — something  new  in  Shasta  county.  He 
considers  the  Rio  Tinto  to  have  been  worked  4000 
years  ago  by  the  Phoenicians.  That  mine  has  yielded 
over  $25,000,000  since  '85;  and  though -so  ancient  an 
opening  is  only  400  feet  deep.  Mr.  Hill  reports  it 
as  a  huge  deposit  of  sulphide  of  iron  running  two  and 
one-half  per  cent  copper,  and  that  the  Iron  Mountain 
is  the  nearest  thing  like  it  he  has  seen  in  any  part  of 
the  world. 

It  is  the  reported  intention  of  the  new  owners  of 
the  Iron  Mountain  to  displace  the  twenty-stamp  mill 
now  there  by  a  large  capacity  smelter,  treating  1000 
tons  daily,  and  employing  in  all  between  800  and  1000 
men.  The  ore  of  the  mine  forms  a  smelting  base  and 
the  silicious  gold  <res  may  be  used  as  a  flux.  .  . 

The    proposition  is    of  tangible    merit,   and  the 


The  Sundry  Civil  Service  bill  contemplates  a  cessa- 
tion of  part  of  the  regular  and  necessary  work  of 
the  U.  S.  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey,  that  would 
be  destructive  to  the  best  interests  of  the  work. 
The  present  field  force  is  an  excellent  one;  the  work 
being  done  is  important  and  necessary,  and  any 
change  in  the  personnel  would  be  subversive  of  pres- 
ent requirements.  Recognizing  this  fact,  the  Geo- 
graphical Society  of  the  Pacific  has  forwarded  the 
following  protest  to  the  California  Congressional 
delegation: 

To  the  Senators  and  Representatives  of"  California: — Senators 
White  and  Perkins,  and  Representatives  Magnire,  Loud,  tlnglisli, 
Botcers,  Geary,  Cannon  antt  Caminetti,  Washington,  D.  0. — The 
council  of  the  Geographical  Society  of  the  Pacific  has  learned 
with  much  astonishment  that  the  Sundry  Civil  Service  bill 
presented  to  Congress  contains  estimates  which  propose  a  re- 
duction of  the  field  officers  of  the  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey. 
This  council  knows  that  a  very  large  part  of  the  triangula- 
tion  of  the  combined  coasts  of  California,  Oregon  and  Wasli- 
I  ington  has  not  been  executed.  There  is  more  than  ten  years' 
work  of  triangulation  and  topography  for  all  the  available 
field  officers  of  the  survey,  with  a  liberal  appropriation  each 
vear. 

Moreover,  the  whole  coast  of  Alaska,  exceeding  20,000  miles 
of  shore  line,  has  hardly  been  touched,  except  by  preliminary 
work  and  examination  for  the  pressing  demands  of  navigation. 
Recent  urgent  demands  have  been  made  for  accurate  deter- 
minations of  latitudes  and  longitudes  and  measures  of  trian- 
gulation in  the  Aleutian  chain  of  islands,  as  a  basis  for  sur- 
veys that  will  give  to  navigators  reliable  charts  of  harbors, 
headlands,  channels  and  dangers. 

No  triganometrical  or  topographical  survey  has  been  inaugu- 
rated on  the  whole  outer  coast  of  Alaska,  as  the  base  work  for 
hydrography,  except  a  small  section  connected  with  the 
boundarv  line  near  Mount  St.  Elias. 

The  important  chain  of  the  Aleutian  islands,  the  island 
groups  under  the  peninsula  of  Alaska,  and  the  outer  shores 
from  50°  10'  to  the  Arctic,  are  now  visited  annually  by  fleets 
of  fur  sealers,  whalers,  traders,  fishermen,  and  by  the  naval 
and  revenue  vessels,  and  these  vessels  are,  in  the  main,  still 
using  old  Russian  and  English  charts,  or  charts  compiled  from 
those  authorities  with  slight  additions. 

This  council  therefore  urges  upon  the  Senators  and  Repre- 
sentatives from  California  the  necessity  for  maintaining  the 
present  Held  force  of  the  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey,  which 
comprises  men  of  large  experience  and  exceptional  skill. 
Adolph  Sutho, 

Mayor  of  San  Francisco. 
James  F.  Houghton. 
.  1  C.  L.  Taylor. 

.    Ihvino  M.  Scott. 
Ralph  C.  Harrison. 
John  Partridge,  Secretary. 


February  9,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


83 


Concentrates. 


may  not  be  able  to  get  back  as  good  money  as  they  gave.  He 
says  thai  do  change  in  this  state  of  affairs  may  be  expected 
uutil   the  Government   goes  out  <>r  the  banking  business  ami 

we  have  a  more-  elastic  currency. " 


The   two  mining  towns  of  Grass  Valley  and    Nevada  City, 

evada  Co.,  Cal..  use  9»i  telephones. 

THE  rainfall  at  the  Kennedy  mine,  Amador  Co.,  foots  up 
nearly  thirty-six  inches  so  far  this  season. 

I'm:  Texas  mine  in  Willow  valley,  near  Nevada  City,  has 
been  bonded  by  European  capitalists,  who  will  develop  the 
property. 

At  New  Years  diggings,  Mariposa  county,  several  strikes 
are  reported.  Talk  is  made  of  stamp  mills  and  kindred  im- 
provements. 

Tiik  sale  ol   the    Golden    Wonder    mine,   near  Pay  son,  in 
Ton  to  Basin,  Arizona,  for  *4ii.imm>  la  reported,  the  buver.s  being     method  of  working,  ventilation,  and  general  advantages 
Colorado  men  best  mine  in  the  camp  got  one  vote,  and  a  "mine"  tha 

Rvo&Tfl  from  Montana  indicate  that  hundreds  of  thousands 
of  dollars  worth  of  mining  machinery  will  be  needed  in  that 
State  '  his  year. 

1  oi  i.i  is  hardly  an  unclaimed  piece  of  mining  ground  left  on 

Elliot!   creek,  Or.,  now,  and    that  section  will   be  one  of  the 

amps  In  southern  Oregon  when  spring  opens. 

Tin:  ••  Lost  Frenchmen  "  mine  near  Palomas,    in    tbo  8.    11. 

mountains,  Arizona,    has   been   found  again.     If  it   will  only 

stay  found,  it  will  be  unusual  in  the  annals  of  lost  mines. 

PlFTT-VOUH  ihi'isaxi'  i.i  \i  i>  of  gold  were  recovered  at  the 
Eland t  and  BOOOouoo  mother  districts;  total,  62,000  ounces 
during  December.    The  November  total  was  (15,000  ounces. 

Tin:  silver  product  of  the  U.  S.  in  »98  approximated  00,000,- 
000  ounces.  It  is  thought  that  the  aggregate  for  ".M  shows  a 
reduction  of  about  K.OOO.OOO  ounces  from  that  of  the  preceding 
year. 

The  Austiu  RevetlU  says  Mark  Wiggins,  and  those  inter- 
ested with  him,  received  over  $11,000  for  the  forty  or  fifty 
tons  of  ore  recently  shipjK'd  by  them  from  Kennedy  to  San 
Fm  nei  sco. 

h  is  said  that  S.  T.  God  be  has  leased,  for  two  years,  all  of 
the  Pioohe  Consolidated  property,  and  active  work  is  soon  to 
be  resumed  in  some  of  the  most  important  mines,  princi- 
pally the  Half  Moon  group. 

Last  Saturday,  while  retorting  115  ounces  of  amalgam  at 
t  he  Blrney  nunc,  near  Angels,  the  retort  exploded,  scattering 
and  losing  the  amalgam  and  seriously  injuring  the  mill  man, 
Jones,  in  the  eyes  and  face. 

A  new  concentrator,  with  a  capacity  of  eight  tons  per  day 
has  been  put  in  at  Z.  A.  Moody's  quartz  mill  near  Ashland, 
Or.  The  ore  from  the  Mattern  mine  will  be  run  through  it 
when  it  is  ready  for  business. 

The  Gold  Nugget  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  in  this 
city.  Directors— G.  M.  Spencer,  H.  L.  Johnson,  John  Gamags, 
John  A.  Day  and  E.  W.  Strange:  capital  stock  §1,000,000.  Of 
this  magnificent  sum  £2500  has  been  subscribed. 

W.  S.  Stkattux  has  shipped  from  his  Independence  mine  in 
the  Cripple  Creek  district  100  tons  of  ore,  which  is  expected  to 
yield  #1,000,000  at  the  Denver  smelter.  Some  of  the  ore  is 
rich  tellurium,  which  runs  $30,0011  in  gold  per  ton. 

In  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  for  the  week  ended  Jan.  3d, 
10,27  l  tons  of  ore  were  treated,  yielding  858  tons  of  lead,  con- 
taining 22(1,010  ounces  silver;  also  80S  tons  treated  by  amalga- 
mating and  leaching  plants,  pruducing  10,107  ounces  silver. 

The  San  Diego  Union  is  authority  for  the  statement  that 
within  seventeen  miles  of  that  city  there  is  a  gold  mine  with 
a  fine  quartz  ledge  twenty  feet  wide,  the  ore  of  which  runs 
from  *10  to  $25  per  ton.    That,  if  so,  is  worth  development. 

The  Tiger-Poorman  mines  on  Canyon  creek  in  the  Coeur 
d'Alene  are  reported  sold  to  an  English  company  which  has 
capitalized  the  property  for  $1,850,000,  The  mines  have  been 
large  and  profitable  producers,  since  their  first  location  nearly 
ten  years  ago. 

Three  years  ago,  says  the  Mining  Industry,  every  promoter 
in  Denver  advised  investors  to  let  mining  alone  and  touch 
nothing  but  real  estate.  Investors  got  the  worst  of  it.  Now 
the  whole  crowd  are  working  the  mining  racket  as  the  only 
good  thing.  AThey  are  correct  this  time. 

The  official  statement  showing  that  the  net  proceeds  of  the 
Midwinter  Fair  amount  to  over  ¥32,000  causes  the  Grass  Valley 
Telegraph  to  reflect  that  the  managers  could  have  well  afforded 
to  give  to  Nevada  county  a  gold  medal  instead  of  the  bronze 
one  for  her  fine  mineral  exhibit  at  the  Pair. 

A  bill  in  the  Montana  Legislature  fixes  a  standard  of 
water  measurement  and  the  equivalent  of  a  miner's  inch.  A 
cubic  foot  of  water,  7.48  gallons,  is  declared  the  legal  standard 
of  measurement.  One  hundred  miuer's  inches  are  equivalent 
to  a  How  of  2%  cubic  feet,  18.7  gallons  per  second. 

A  new  30-stamp  mill  Is  to  be  built  at  the  Silver  Peak  mine, 
Walker  Lake  district,  Nevada,  and  in  a  few  months  the  forty 
stamps  now  at  Gold  Mountain  are  to  be  added.  Two  steam 
traction  engines  of  100  tons  capacity  each  will  haul  ore  from 
the  mine  to  the  mill.  The  first  $L00,000  of  the  $500,000  pur- 
chase price  has  been  paid. 

It  is  reported  at  Cornucopia,  Or.,  that  the  O.  G.  M.  Co.'s 
100-stamp  quartz  mill  is  in  danger  of  collapsing  from  the  enor- 
mous weight  of  snow  now  lying  upon  its  roof.  Snow  is  be- 
tween seven  and  eight  feet  deep  there.  It  is  customary  to 
remove  the  snow  as  fast  as  it  falls,  but  this  winter,  the  prop- 
erty being  in  litigation,  the  matter  has  been  neglected. 


The  suggestion  is  made  that  the  miners  of  California  adopt 
a  plan  followed  in  Colorado,  where  each  miner  pays  $1  per 
month,  which  amount  is  used  in  the  maintenance  of  a 
hospital  for  the  treatment  of  all  who  are  injured  while  at 
work.  The  plan  is  already  in  force  in  a  limited  manner  by 
several  of  the  mines  in  the  Grass  Valley  district. 

A  company  with  a  million  dollars'  capital  was  incorporated 
in  Omaha  last  week  to  work  the  recently  discovered  grind- 
stone deposits  at  Edgemont,  S.  D.  Five  hundred  men  will  be 
employed  at  the  quarries.  The  deposit  is  said  to  be  inex- 
haustible and  the  enterprise  is  expected  to  prevent  further 
importations  of  Bavarian  grindstone  into  the  United  States. 

In  the  February  Forum  A.  S.  Heidelbach  explains  "Why 
Gold  is  Exported."  He  says  it  is  because  "disgust  of  foreign 
investors  because  of  recent  developments  in  our  railroad  man- 
agement; dismay  at  the  condition  of  the  Treasury  and  our 
currency,  and  the  fear  tfiat  if  they  invest  money  here  they 


The  Shasta  Courier  says  more  snow  is  stacked  up  in  the 
mountains  than  has  been  known  since  1861,  ami  when  the 
spring  rains  and  thaws  come  there  will  probably  he  consider- 
able damage  to  property  by  rushing  Hoods.  The  cleposll  on 
Mt.  Shasta  and  all  the  country  abou  its  base  is  the  deepest 
known  for  years,  and  when  the  snow  melts  in  the  spring  the 
Sacramento  and  nfoClbucI  will  boom. 

The  hinho  Avaianehe recently  announced  a  "popular  mine" 
scheme,  a  prize  to  go  to  the  mine  having  the  moal  rotes  In  its 
favor  for  the  productive  quality  ol  ihe  mine,  its  management, 

The 
mp  got  one  vote,  and  a  "mine"  that  has 
never  produced  a  pound  of  ore  got  105.  At  this  juncture  the 
Avalanetn  disgustedly  announced  the  contest  off. 

It  is  reported  in  Grass  Valley  that  the  Osborn  Hill  Co.  has 
bought  the  Orleans  mine  for  $100,000;  that  there  will  be  no 
spot  cash  payment,  but  the  Orleans  Co.  will  receive  $50,000  at 
the  end  of  the  first  year  and  the  other  $50,000  at  the  end  of 
the  second  year,  with  an  additional  ten  per  rent  of  the  net 
revenue  from  the  Orleans  mine  during  the  term  lor  which 
payments  are  pending. 

Tii  k  recent  closing  of  the  Everett,  Wash.,  smelter,  is  the 
unsatisfactory  outcome  of  a  $3,000,000  investment  by  Standard 
Oil  millionaires  in  it  and  the  Monte  Ghristo  gold  quartz  mines, 
which  proved  too  rebellious  even  as  a  smelting  proposition. 
Mr.  W.  E.  Everette,  of  Tacoma,  long  since  reported  adversely 
on  the  proposition,  but  an  Eastern  expert  reported  favorably, 
the  investment  resulting  therefrom. 

In  compliance  with  the  requestof  Representative  Caminetti, 
who  has  a  bill  pending  to  classify  mineral  lands,  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior  has  sent  the  railroad  land  List  No.  54,  embracing 
130,000  acres  of  Central  Pacific  selections  in  El  Dorado,  Placer 
and  Nevada  counties,  to  the  local  office  to  be  posted  for  twenty 
days,  so  that  contestants  shall  have  notice  and  may  tile  any 
protest  alleging  mineral  in  any  of  these  lauds. 

The  Zantgraf  mine,  in  El  Dorado  county,  was  sold 
last  week  to  a  company  of  Chicago  men  known  as 
Eggleston,  Mollett  &  Co.,  for  $100,000.  The  new 
company  will  take  charge  immediately  and  will  put  in  a 
tweuty-stamp  mill  and  improved  machinery.  Work  was 
begun  last  week  at  the  mine,  and  it  is  proposed  to  sink  a 
main  shaft  300  feet  and  run  drift  levels  of  100  feet  each. 

The  Clipper  Creek,  Col.,  Times  says  that  an  entirely  new 
manner  of  treating  ores  has  been  found  at  a  cost  that  is 
simply  nominal.  The  Time*  suggests  that  it  may  be  a  little 
too  early  to  become  enthusiastic  over  the  process,  but  "a  few 
of  the  very  best  men  in  the  county  are  convinced  that  the 
method  is  all  that  the  inventor  claims  fur  it.  Should  present 
hopes  be  realized,  where  there  is  one  miner  working  now 
there  will  be  twenty  within  a  year." 

Pkom  a  private  letter  to  a  well-known  resident  of  Butte, 
the  Mining  and  Railway  Review  learns  that  Montana  mining 
properties  are  in  great  disfavor  in  London,  caused,  it  is  said, 
to  a  large  extent,  by  misrepresentation.  Mining  brokers  and 
middlemen  too  often  greatly  exaggerate  the  value  of  their 
claims,  which  nearly  always  results  not  alone  in  the  loss  of  a 
sale,  but  queers  the  operator  with  the  speculator.  Montana 
properties  are  all  right  and  do  not.  deserve  the  restriction 
above  noted. 

It  is  not  many  years  since  there  were  no  places  on  the  globe 
less  immediately  connected  in  trade  than  South  America  and 
California.  Now  it  is  a  familiar  sight  among  the  Andes  to  see 
a  pack  train.  Each  donkey  bears  a  load  of  two  packages,  each 
of  which  contains  forty  gallons  of  the  wine  of  California, 
which  is  growing  constantly  more  popular  in  the  interior  of 
the  continent.  The  animal  so  laden  can  climb  the  mountains 
with  ease,  and  the  distribution  is  thus  readily  effected  to  dis- 
tant points. 

In  a  letter  from  Paris,  Win.  H.  Townseud  says  :  "There  is 
now  a  considerable  boom  here  in  Paris,  in  London  and  in  Ber- 
lin in  gold  mines.  At  present  it  is  confined  entirely  to  South 
Africa,  but  I  believe  that  before  midsummer  it  will  extend  so 
as  to  take  in  the  newer  gold  districts  of  the  United  States. 
The  center  of  the  movement  is  in  London,  but  Paris  is  rapidly 
warming  up  and  Berlin  is  just  beginning.  During  the  last 
four  months  the  Frenchmen  have  sent  over  200,000,000  francs 
to  London  for  the  purchase  of  mining  shares." 

TnERE  is  a  big  party  of  men  prospecting  for  a  lost  mine  in 
the  Pinacate  mountains  on  the  coast  along  the  gulf  of  Sonora. 
The  head  of  the  party  is  Mr.  Brewster  of  San  Diego,  the 
builder  of  the  Brewster  house  there.  He  has  forty  burros 
and  eleven  mules,  with  provisions  enough  to  last  for  months. 
He  has  been  in  that  country  with  his  outfit  since  last  October, 
and  expects  to  remain  for  several  months  yet  before  giving  up 
his  search.  If  success  attends  this  expedition  it  will  have 
broken  the  record,  for  who  ever  heard  of  a  lost  mine  being 
found  T 

In  his  decision  in  the  case  of  Dibble  vs.  the  Castle  Chief 
Mining  Company  et  al.,  Judge  Gardner  of  South  Dakota, 
facetiously  says:  "  For  the  purpose  of  enabling  myself  to 
more  intelligently  weigh  the  testimony  in  the  case  1  have 
visited  the  premises  in  controversy.  And  while  there  is  much 
testimony  to  show  that  the  value  of  the  labor  performed  on 
each  of  said  claims  for  the  year  1892  exceeded  $100,  since  in- 
specting said  claims  I  am  quite  clearly  of  the  opinion  that  if 
said  testimony  is  true,  the  labor  of  miners  at  that  time  com- 
manded a  much  higher  compensation  than  does  the  labor  of 
lawyers  or  circuit  judges." 

A  puzzle  is  unconsciously  furnished  by  an  Arizona  pros- 
pector, in  a  mining  location  sent  to  the  recorder.  The  dimen- 
sions read  as  follows  :  "Commencing  at  a  monument,  of  stones, 
being  the  center  of  the  S.  E.  end  of  claim ;  thence  E.  300  feet ; 
thence  W.  300  feet;  thence  N.  W.  1500,  being  the  center  of 
N.  W.  end  of  claim;  thence  S.  E.  300  feet;  thence  N.  W.  300 
feet;  thence  S.  E.  1500  feet  to  place  of  beginning."  The 
conundrum  is,  How  much  land  does  he  locate  i  This  may  be 
learned  by  taking  a  piece  of  paper  and  making  in  their  proper 
position  the  points  north,  east,  south  and  west;  and  then  fol- 
lowing out  the  directions  given  by  the  location  notice. 

M.  Grady,  the  discoverer  of  the  group  of  mines  on 
"Four  Mile,"  B.  C,  which  bear  his  name,  is  reported  to  have 
said  the  Alpha  and  Black  Bear  claims,  which  were  sold  to 
Seattle  capitalists  fifteen  month?  ago  for  $70,000,  were   being 


successfully  worked  by  the  new  company, and  thai  the  former 
mine  had  already  yielded  Bull  or  UOO  ions  of  ore  which  'an 
ftboul  ISO  ounces  per  ton.    He  and  his  partners   bad   BtiU   the 

freehold  itf  live  uther  similar  claims.  Several  rich  finds  had 
been  made  during  the  past  year  at  Pour,  Eight  and  Ten  Mile 
creeks  on  Slocan  lake,  the  ore  containing:  a  good  deal  of  ruby 
and  natural  silver.  Some  gold-bearim:  ledges,  containing 
from  $40  tO  $300  to  the  tun,   were    discuvereil    near    Hie    fo 

the  lake.    The  find,  however,   was  made   late   in  the  fall  and 

the  claims  have  not  yet  been  developed. 

Pboh  Omaha  comes  a  fairy  story  >•(  a  wonderful  gold  mine 
neap  Bannock,  Mont-ana.  The  legend  is  as  follows;  Manj 
years  ago  P.  Vandervool,  J.  M.  Thurston,  of  Omaha,  and  K. 
A.  Alger  of  Detroit,  grubstaked  a  prospector,  Several  claims 
were  located  which  assayed  rich  in  gold.  Since  they  were 
located  the  title  has  been  kept  good  by  tiling  certificates  and 
by  t  lie  performance  of  assessment  work.  A  mining  engineer 
made  a  report  from  an  investigation  he  had  made  that  the 
property  will  open  up  an  enormous  vein  of  mineral.  The  ore 
is  sulphide  with  quartz  wliich  carries  heavily  in  gold.  It  is 
free  milling  and  can  be  handled  easily.  The  ore  is  a  network 
of  veins  and  covers  300  acres.  The  gold  belt  is  about  fifteen 
miles  wide  and  twenty- five  long.  A  stock  company  has 
already  been  formed,  of  which  Alger  is  president  and  Thurs- 
ton is  vice-president,  and  active  development  will  commence 
immediately. 


The  Marysville  Tunnel  and  QuarU  Co.  has  a  claim  on  the 
Yuba  river  opposite  Timbuotoo.  extending  two  miles  up  to  the 
mouth  of  Deer  creek,  embracing  the  Narrows  and  the  old 
dumping  grounds  or  tailings  from  the  hydraulic  mines  in  the 
vicinity  of  Smartsville.  The  difficulty  in  successfully  work- 
ing the  mine  heretofore Jias  been  the  handling  of  the  inflow  of 
water,  but  arrangements  are  now  tinder  way  and  nearly  com- 
pleted for  a  plant  of  machinery  of  sufficient  capacity  to  handle 
any  amount  of  water  that  may  flow  into  the  works  by  percola- 
tion or  otherwise.  It  is  the  intention  of  the  company  to  go 
down  to  the  original  bedrock  of  the  river.  The  Yuba  river  is 
claimed  and  operated  under  the  United  States  mining  laws, 
by  various  companies,  for  a  continuous  stretch  of  more  than 
twenty  miles,  many  of  them  meeting  with  flattering  success, 
the  result  of  which  has  been  to  create  quite  an  excitement  in 
river  mining  and  to  turn  the  attention  of  capital  in  that  direc- 
tion. No  doubt  the  gold  is  there  in  abundant  quantities  and 
all  that  is  required  is  the  application  of  capital  and  skill  to 
possess  it. 

The  Good  Hope  Mining  Company  will  apply  another  method 
to  the  Colorado  river  bars.  Thousands  ol  dollars  have  been 
spent  in  pumping  plants  for  these  placers,  and,  although  the 
gravel  was  rich  in  gold,  it  could  not  be  worked  at  a  profit. 
The  Good  Hope  Company  will  use  the  old  irrigation  wheel 
method  of  raising  water,  but  instead  of  placing  stationary 
wheels  on  the  bank  of  the  stream  they  Will  be  operated  on 
boats.  The  barges  will  be  used  fastened  together,  with . 
enough  space  between  to  permit  the  operation  of  the  wheels. 
Two  wheels,  with  a  diameter  of  thirty-two  feet,  will  revolve 
between  the  barges,  the  shaft  running  across  from  one  boat 
to  the  other.  Each  wheel  will  have  twenty-two  arms,  and  to 
each  arm  will  be  fastened  a  ten-gallon  bucket.  The  wheels 
will  be  revolved  by  the  force  of  the  current  and  the  buckets 
be  emptied  when  they  are  turned  over  at  the  top.  It  is 
claimed  that  the  water  can  easily  be  raised  to  the  height  of 
twenty-eight  feet,  which  will  be  sufficient  to  reach  the  whole 
bar.  It  is  estimated  that  the  Good  Hope  bar  contains  from 
3,000,000  to  5,000,000  cubic  yards  of  gravel,  yielding  from  00 
cents  to  §y  per  yard.  Two  of  the  above  described  wheels,  it 
is  said,  will  wash  from  700  to  1000  yards  per  day,  and  can  be 
operated  by  three  or  four  men. 

"Why  Are  Good  Mines  for  Sale  '.  "—The  semi-monthly  bul- 
letin of  the  Colorado  Gold  Mines  Investment  Company  a^ks 
this  question  and  then  proceeds  to  answer  it  by  telling  why 
owners  of  good  properties  are  often  eager  to  sell.  It  says : 
"The  answer  may  be  found  in  a  simple  statement  of  fact.  In 
a  great  many  instances  the  owners  are  men  whose  lives  have 
been  spent  in  poverty  and  a  daily  struggle  for  existence. 
They  know  they  have  a  fortune;  they  have  had  enough  of 
battle  and  strife.  They  want  to  enjoy  life.  They  have 
dreamed  of  a  'good  time,'  and  they  want  to  realize  their 
dreams.  The  man,  no  matter  whether  young  or  old,  who 
never  before  had  a  dollar,  who  suddenly  finds  himself  the 
owner  of  property  worth  many  thousands,  has  an  uncon- 
trollable desire  to  see  his  fortune  in  shining  gold  or  crisp 
bank  notes.  He  wants  to  take  life  easy.  He  wants  to  move 
out  of  a  miner's  cabin  into  a  home  provided  with  the  luxuries 
of  life  and  he  doesn't  want  to  wait.  He  has  not  been  wealthy 
long  enough  to  want  more.  He  feels  that  he  never  will  want 
more,  but  what  he  has  in  the  way  of  property  he  wants  to 
convert  at  once  into  cash.  It  may  be  added  that  there  are 
now  many  prospectors  climbing  the  mountain  sides,  searching 
for  gold,  who  have  owned  great  mines,  sold  them  and  wasted 
their  fortunes  having  a  good  time." 


Personal. 

Mk.  Wishaht  has  assumed  the  superin tendency  of  the  Rose 
Hill  mine  at  Grass  Valley. 

Clarence  King  is  inspecting  mines  at  Colville,  Wash. 
Prom  there  he  goes  to  Mexico. 

P.  W.  Medlin  is  the  new  superintendent  of  the  Eureka 
mine  at  West  Point,  Calaveras  Co. 

A.  &  C.  Mai.tm.in  and  .1.  McKLeok  have  gonetoGold  Valley, 
Sierra  Co.,  to  start  the  Empire  mine  chlorination  works. 

Dn.  Boyson  is  in  the  city.  Rumor  credits  him  with  an  in- 
tention to  turn  the  management  of  the  Pioneer  mine  at  Ply- 
mouth into  a  stock  company. 

A.  S.  Smith  leaves  this  week  for  the  Phillippiue  Islands, 
where  he  will  superintend  a  loo-stamp  mill,  now  building  by 
English  gold  mine  owners  there. 

Ralph  Nichols,  superintendent  of  the  Sutro  Tunnel  at  Vir- 
ginia City,  will  resign  the  first  of  next  month  and  go  to  De 
Lamar,  Lincoln  Co.,  Nevada,  where  he  will  be  superintendent 
of  the  DeLamar  mines  and  mills. 

Robert  Laiolaw,  president  of  the  Laidlaw-Dunn-Gordon 
Pump  Co.  of  Cincinnati,  was  elected  treasurer  of  the  National 
Association  of  Manufacturers,  which  convened  at  Cincinnati 
the  third  week  in  January.  Mr.  Laidlaw  was  one  of  the  lead- 
ing spirits  in  organizing  the  association,  and  much  of  the  suc- 
cess of  the  convention  was  due  to  his  superior  executive  skill 
and  untiring  energy.  The  delegation  was  banqueted  at.  .the 
new  plant  of  the  Laidlaw-Dunn-Gordon  Pump  Co. 


84 


Mining  and  Scientific 


February  9,  1895. 


An   Impending  Danger. 


At  the  Mansfield  copper  mines  in  Germany,  im- 
mense reservoirs  for  compressed  air  are  cut  out  of 
the  rock,  near  the  machinery  to  be  operated  thereby, 
and  lined  with  cement.  There  are  eight  of  these  re- 
ceivers, from  1235  to  3950  cubic  feet  capacity.  A 
rock  chamber  of  2200  cubic  feet  capacity  costs,  it  is 
stated,  only  one-third  as  much  as  an  iron  receiver  of 
equal  size. 


To  the  Editor: — If  this  controversy  as  to  what  is 
mineral  and  what  is  agricultural  land  is  continued 
much  longer  it  will  be  useless,  as  the  railroad  com- 
pany will  have  all  the  mineral  land  patented  and 
sold.  There  are  now  600  sections  being  patented 
through  the  Redding  Land  Office.  An  examination 
would  show  a  small  part  of  this  land  to  be  agricul- 
tural. All  railroad  land  in  their  grant  to  the  Oregon 
line,  whether  mineral  or  non-mineral  land,  is  mort- 
gaged to  a  Loan  and  Trust  Co.  in  New  York  city, 
and  there  is  every  reason  to  believe  that  it  is  being 
patented  for  them;  if  so,  there  will  be  three  or  four 
thousand  square  miles  of  the  richest  mineral  laud  in 
California  owned  by  a  trust  company. 

There  is  proof  that  the  Land  Department  is  going 
to  give  patents  to  all  lands  on  the  Oregon  railroad 
whether  mineral  or  not.  Two  .years  ago  the  writer 
was  one  of  several  parties  who  filed  a  complaint  be- 
fore the  Land  Department  at  Washington,  accom- 
panying the  same  with  maps  and  affidavits  in  regard 
to  the  mineral  character  of  the  land  in  the  railroad 
grant  from  Middle  Creek  station  in  Shasta  county  to 
the  Oregon  State  line.  This  complaint  includes  land 
100  miles  long  by  60  miles  wide,  including  railroad 
indemnity  land.  Affidavits  were  made  to  these  facts, 
and  they  are  just  as  true  now  as  they  were  then,  viz: 
That  there  were  not  forty  acres  of  agricultural  land, 
not  already  taken,  in  the  entire  tract;  that  there 
is  not  more  than  one  acre  in  10,000  that  is  agricul- 
tural; that  all  of  the  land  was  more  valuable  for  min- 
eral than  for  agriculture;  that  it  was  well-known 
mineral  land  and  had  been  known  as  such  for  thirty 
years. 

These  facts  were  embodied  in  the  complaint  sent, 
with  a  request  that  they  be  investigated,  and,  if  the 
•affidavits  were  found  to  be  true,  that  the  land  be  de- 
clared mineral.  After  a  time  a  long  answer  was  re- 
ceived, which  was  in  substance  as  follows:  Com- 
plaint received,  filed,  investigated,  and  dismissed  for 
the  reason  that  there  are  non-mineral  affidavits  on 
the  laud  referred  to.  So  we  find  that  this  moun- 
tainous country,  rich  in  gold,  silver,  copper  and 
quicksilver  is  covered  by  non-mineral  affidavits  and 
can  be  patented  as  farming  land  !  Who  made  those 
affidavits  ?  What  men  perjured  themselves  for  this 
corporation  ?  is  a  secret  that  the  Land  Department 
is  strictly  guarding. 

Orders  have  been  received  at  the  Redding  Land 
Office  to  cancel  all  mineral  affidavits.  No  notice  will 
be  given  the  miners  who  filed  them  before  patent  is 
issued  to  the  railroad  company.  Most  of  the  pro- 
ducing mines  of  Shasta  county,  on  odd  sections,  have 
first  been  purchased  from  the  railroad  company  and 
then  patented  from  the  Government. 

If  the  Caminetti  bill,  now  before  Congress,  to  ap- 
point commissioners  to  classify  mineral  and  agricul- 
tural land  fails  to  pass,  or  if  passed  and  the  commis- 
sioners fail  to  do  their  duty,,  every  odd  section  of 
mineral  land  in  this  State  will  be  owned  by  a  trust. 

This  commission  should  consist  of  one  practical 
miner  who  understands  quartz  and  placer  mining 
and  is  trained  in  prospecting  for  mineral,  one  farmer 
and  one  lawyer,  and  selected  from  the  three  political 
parties.  Unless  there  is  great  care  taken  in  select- 
ing these  men,  California  will  have  another  "special " 
commission  as  useless  as  the  past  Railroad  Commis- 
sion. 

All  the  railroad  land  from  Redding  to  the  Oregon 
line  is  being  listed  for  patent  regardless  of  mineral 
land.  If  Congress  adjourns  without  assisting  the 
miners,  this  land  will  be  lost  to  them. 

The  attention  of  the  legislators  should  be  called  to 
this  grab.  The  miners  want  the  land  examined,  and 
it  will  be  found  to  be  mineral  and  not  such  land  as 
the  railroad  is  entitled  to.  To  enter  contest  before 
the  Land  Office  is  hopeless,  as  the  miner  is  compelled 
to  prove  the  existence  of  mineral  in  paying  quanti- 
ties on  each  and  every  one  of  the  smallest  legal  sub- 
divisions. The  magnitude  of  this  steal  cannot  be 
estimated.  Millions  of  dollars  will  be  taken  out  of 
these  mountains  every  year,  if  they  are  open  to  ex- 
ploration and  possession  by  the  miner. 

The  attention  of  our  members  in  Congress  and  our 
Senators  should  be  called  to  this  injustice. 

The  scheme  is  to  have  a  trust  own  and  control  the 
mineral  land  of  California,  as  that  is  about  the  only 
industry  not  controlled  in  that  wav.  As  to  the  rul- 
ings of  the  United  States  Land  Department,  the 
less  the  miners  have  of  them  the  better,  as  each  suc- 
ceeding one  only  increases  the  difficulties  of  the 
miner. 

Give  the  miners  the  Caminetti  bill  and  these  classi- 
fying commissioners  not  appointed  by  a  political 
"  pull,"  and  they  will  get  justice.  J.   E.   Belt.. 

Shasta.  Feb  4,  1895. 


An  Earnest  Protest. 


To  the  Editor: — The  sentiments  you  expressed  in 
the  last  issue  of  the  Press  in  regard  to  the  proposed 
transfer  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau  to  the  State 
University  at  Berkeley  are  just  those  of  every  miner 
who  has  had  an  opportunity  of  experiencing  the 
benefits  of  the  Bureau,  which  has  now  become  the 
source  to  which  we  look  for  instruction  and  informa- 
tion and  has  in  fact  become  the  educator  of  the 
miner.  It  is  as  you  say  the  only  representative  in- 
stitution of  the  miners  of  the  State. 

I  have  met  with  the  reports  and  bulletins  issued 
by  it  in  every  mining  camp  in  my  travels,  and  their 
well-worn  pages  illustrate  the  interest  with  which 
they  have  been  read,  as  they  have  been  passed  from 
hand  to  hand  and  have  served  to  teach  the  wielders 
of  the  pick  and  shovel  much  that  was  useful  and  bene- 
ficial in  their  work. 

During  the  past  two  months,  .while  passing  a 
period  of  inactivity  in  the  city  awaitiug  the  advent 
of  spring  to  permit  of  the  resumption  of  work  on 
my  mining  property,  I  have  resorted  to  the  Mining 
Bureau  on  Fourth  street,  where  I  have  had  resource 
to  its  file  of  mining  papers  and  library  of  valuable 
books,  and  reaped  benefit  and  instruction  that  will 
be  of  great  use  to  me  in  the  future.  I  meet  at  the 
Bureau  many  miners,  like  myself,  in  pursuit  of  in- 
formation, freely  given,  and  experience  the  utmost 
courtesy  and  attention. 

Aside  from  its  valuable  reports,  the  bulletins  is- 
sued on  "Methods  of  Mining.  Timbering,"  "  Loca- 
tion of  Mines."  instructing  the  miner  how  to  take 
up  claims,  etc.,  the  bulletin  on  "Gas  and  Petro- 
leum," and  the  last  and  most  valuable  pamphlet  on 
the  "Cyanide  Process,"  which  gives  information 
long  sought  and  never  before  obtainable.  The  eager- 
ness with  which  these  reports  and  bulletins  are 
sought  for  is  illustrated  by  the  hundreds  of  people  in- 
terested in  mining  calling  to  obtain  them.  Again,  it 
is  not  only  those  who  call  at  the  Bureau,  but  -the 
hundreds  of  applications  by  letter  from  miners  in 
the  interior.  Copies  of  the  reports  and  bulletins  are 
sent  to  every  mining  superintendent  throughout  the 
State  and  are  gratefully  received. 

The  idea  of  transferring  the  Bureau  in  part,,  or  as 
a  whole,  to  the  State  University  is  tantamount  to  its 
entire  wiping  out.  for  how  many  miners  seeking  in- 
formation from  its  books  or  orally  would  go  to  Ber- 
keley or  to  the  Park  to  study  the  mineral  exhibit 
and  compare  the  character  of  its  ores  as  an  educator  ? 
The  scheme  is  absurd,  so  far  as  the  Bureau  ever 
being  of  an\' further  use  to  the  miners  of  the  State 
is  concerned.  Again,  on  the  score  of  economy,  a 
staff  of  experts  must  be  engaged  all  the  same  and 
paid  all  the  same,  for  it  is  ridiculous  to  suppose 
there  is  any  material  at  the  University  to  do  this 
duty.  Where  has  it  had  its  experience  ?  The  idea 
of  its  being  converted  into  an  instructor  to  the  stu- 
dents is  equally  absurd.  Of  what  value  would  the 
examination,  of  a  mine  by  one  of  the  University  stu- 
dents be  to  the  miner  or  investor  ?  It  would  be 
placing  the  whole  objects  of  the  Bureau  out  of  reach 
of  the  miner  to  remove  either  its  library  or  its  min- 
eral exhibit  from  the  city;  and  as  a  miner,  and  as  I 
believe  expressing  the  views  of  the  many  thousand 
miners  of  the  State.  I  protest  against  the  removal 
of  this  our  only  school  of  instruction,  and.  if  done, 
will  arouse  the  indignation  of  this  class  of  men  who 
are  the  source  of  the  prosperity  of  the  country. 
Our  views  would  be  unmistakably  expressed"  at  the 
ballot  box  when  the  names  of  our  representatives 
who  vote  for  it  come  again  before  the  people  for  their 
suffrage. 

We  as  miners  are  entitled  to  recognition  and  de- 
mand that  our  interests  shall  not  be  trifled  with  on 
this  miserable  plea  of  economy,  when  ten  times  the 
cost  of  sustaining  the  Mining  Bureau  can  be  saved  in 
doing  away  with  useless  institutions  that  <x¥e  useless 
The  Mining  Bureau  is  not  one  of  them. 
San  Francisco,  Feb.  4,  1895.  A  Miner. 


Mineral     Resources    and     Industry   of    Corea. 


Written  tor  the  Mining  and  Scientific  PltESSby  I.  B.  Storctt,  M.  E. 
Very  few  of  our  California  miners  are  acquainted 
with  the  fact  that  Corea  is  a  rich  mineral  country 
and  waiting  for  its  development,  which  is  but  a  ques- 
tion of  time,  pending  on  the  conclusion  of  the  present 
war.  Rock  salt,  iron,  copper,  silver,  gold  and  coal 
are  the  mineral  resources  discovered  to  date,  but 
mining  is  limited  to  gold,  gravel  washing  on  small 
scale,  and  iron  ore,  while  copper  and  tin  are  im- 
ported  from   Japan.      Tin  is    used   for  coining  and 


household  utensils. 

The  Government  taxes  received  from   gravel  min- 
ing are  estimated  to  be  about  $15,000  per  annum. 

The  mint  of  Corea  was  constructed  by  German 
engineers  some  time  ago.  It  consists  of  the  latest 
modern  and  complete  machinery  for  coining  silver 
dollars,  but  is  not  in  operation — they  seem  to 
prefer  the  old  primitive  straw-covered  institution, 
which  is  kept  in  hill  "blast  all-  the  time  coining  the 
current  ' '  pashs  ' '  or  ' '  sapasks. ",  The  coin  is  .  round, . 
T;ff  to  yf  inch  diameter,  with  a  hole  in  its  center  T*5  to 


r%  inch  square,  strung  on  a  thread  and  worth  about 
is  of  our  cent. 

'  In  the  mountain  range  Shanalin  or  Tshang- 
peshan,  dividing  Corea  from  Manchooria  and  run- 
ning almost  north  and  south  through  the  whole 
peninsula,  the  prospector  will  meet  with  a  rough 
climate  between  latitude  34°  to  43°  north.  The 
southwesterly  slope  is  favored  with  a  fine  climate, 
where  semi-tropical  products  are  raised,  such  as 
cotton,  tobacco,  rice,  sesam,  ricinos,  black  and 
chili  pepper.  The  means  of  transportation  in  the 
interior  are  poor.  There  is  only  one  wagon  road 
from  Seoul  to  the  China  line,  used  for  ox  carts; 
the  communication  with  the  rest  of  the  country 
takes  place  by  trails  and  pack  animals.  The  interior 
trade  is  almost  entirely  in  the  hands  of  wandering 
peddlers. 

Manufacturing  is  yet  in  its  infancy,  except  straw- 
ware  and  paper.  The  latter  is  of  incomparable 
quality  and  made  of  hemp  and  wild  silk.  It  is  much 
superior  to  the  Japanese  fabricate.  Fine  and 
durable  blanquetts,  water-proof  coats,  umbrellas, 
etc.,  are  made  of  this  paper  by  saturating  with  oil. 

Corea  will  open  a  great  field  to  enterprising  in- 
dustry and  mining  within  a  short  time. 


Eureka  Company's    Portable    Electric    Lamp. 


This  lamp  consists  of  an  outside  metal  case,  nickel 
plated  and  fitted  with  a  switch  on  the  handle. 

The  battery  is  of  the  "  Hough  "  type  and  gives  an 
electro-motive  force  of  six  volts.  The  capacity  (use- 
ful) in   ampere   hours   is   four.     The  cells   are   well 


INCANDESCENT    NIGHT    LAMP. 

sealed  and  fitted   with   hard   rubber   valves,    which, 

although  allowing  the  gas   formed   in   changing   the 

plates  to  escape,  effectually  prevent  leakage  of  acid. 

The  incandescent  lamp  is  of  a  special  type,  and  is 


PHOTOftKAPHERS'     INCANDESCENT    LAMP. 

so  constructed  as  to  take  a  current  of  .5  ampere — 
which  therefore  gives  a  run  of  eight  hours  or  there- 
about. 

The  manufacturers  issue  a  suitable  primary  bat- 
tery which,  with  one  charge  of  the  chemicals,  will  re- 
charge the  lamp  battery  some  twenty  or  twenty-five 
times. 

All  wires  and  terminals  are  marked  in  such  a  man- 
ner that  no  mistake  can  possibly  happen  in  making 
the  necessary  connections  between  the  lamp  and 
primary  battery. 


The  total  production  of  copper  in  the  United  States 
in  1S94  was  159,623  tons,  against  142,480  tons  in 
1893— a  gain  of  twelve  per  cent.  The  total  exports 
from  this,  country  in  189i  were  76,297  against.  80,392. 
tons  in  1S93. 


Fcbrtia>y  0,  1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


The  Refining  of  Gold  Sulphides 


Produced    '■>    "'•'    Precipitation   «r  tiold    from  Chlorlna  <n- 

Uromlno   Solution    with    Sulphurous  -\.  i.l  und 

Hydrogen  Sulphide. 


Bj  Wkkneh  Lakcquth    Portland,  Oregon 

Bince  the  introduction  of  the  improved  method  of 
precipitating  gold  from  chlorine  solution  SO„  and 
II  S  at  the  Golden  Reward  Chlorination  Works. 
Dead  wood,  S,  I).,  this  modern  method  has  been  fur- 
ther adopted  in  the  chlorination  works  of  the  Port 
land  Consolidated  Company  at  Deadwood,  and  in 
those  of  the  Black  Hills  Mining  and  Smelting  Com 
pany  al  Rapid  City,  S  D.  it  has  proved  practically 
must  successful  in  the  handling  of  targe  quantities  of 

gold   solul ,  and  constitutes  up  to  date,  with  Mr. 

.John  K.  Rothwell's  most  important  improvement 
namely,  barrel  leaching  under  hydraulic  pressure 
the  principal  progress  made  in  gold  chlorination. 

The  method  of  refining  the  gold  sulphides,  which 
result  from  this  method  of  precipitation  was  intro- 
duced by  me  in  lsi»i  at  the  Golden  Reward  Works. 
and  in  1K02  at  those  of  the  Black  Hills  Company.  It 
has  not  suffered  any  changes  during  the  last  three 
years,  and  is  substantially  as  described  below: 

The  gold  sulphides  collected    arc    dried    already  as 

far  as  practicable  in  the  filter  press  by  passing  com- 
pressed air  through  them,  and  are  then  transferred 
(care  being  taken  to  avoid  loss  in  handling)  to  light 
sheet  iron  pans,  twenty  inches  wide,  thirty-six  inches 
long  and  four  incites  high.  Precipitate  and  filter 
cloth  are  kepi  separate  as  much  as  possible.  If 
dried  well  in  the  press,  the  precipitate  is  easily  de 
t ached  from  the  filter  cloth  in  pretty  hard  black- 
brown  cakes.  The  pans,  with  precipitate  and  filter 
cloth,  are  now  introduced  into  the  muffles  of  the 
roasting  furnace.  In  the  latter  plant,  constructed 
by  the  writer  in  1892  for  the  Black"  Hills  Company, 
the  roasting  pans  are  two  by  four  feet  in  area,  with 
sides  four  inches  high.  The  melting  furnace  is  round, 
and  three  feel  in  diameter.  At  these  works  the 
dried  precipitate  and  the  filter  cloth  are  transferred 
to  the  open  cast-iron  pans;  the  muffle  is  done  away 
with,  and  the  furnace  is,  in  consequence,  much  sim- 
plified. Here  the  roasting  gases  escape  by  the  tele- 
scope-shaped  stack  or  gas  catcher  through  the  roof. 
The  gas  catcher  is  balanced  by  counter-weights.  Its 
lower  part  is  enlarged,  and  is  lowered  to  about  four 
inches  from  the  top  of  the  roasting  pans  as  soon  as 
the  furnace  has  been  charged,  to  allow  sufficient  free 
access  of  air  from  all  sides.  If  the  draft  is  too 
strong,  the  gas  catcher  is  moved  higher,  andean  thus 
be  regulated  to  get  the  best  condition  for  roasting. 
When  the  muffle  or  roasting  pans  are  charged,  the 
heat  in  the  furnace  is  kept  gentle  at  first  to  drive  off 
the  moisture,  and  is  raised  little  by  little  to  a  dark 
red  heat.  Sulphur,  arsenic  and  antimony  are  oxi- 
dized and  driven  off,  and  the  filter  cloth  quickly 
burns  to  ashes  when  detached  from  the  precipitate. 
The  whole  treatment  of  a  charge  can  be  conducted 
within  two  or  three  hours.  The  mass  now  invariably 
presents  a  red  brown  or  yellow  appearance,  and  only 
a  very  small  percentage  of  arsenic  and  sulphur  ought 
to  be  left.  Some  care  has  to  be  exercised,  during  the 
whole  operation  of  roasting,  not  to  lose  any  of  the 
fine  precipitate.  The  draft  must  be  well  regulated 
and  stirring  almost  completely  avoided.  Steam  dry- 
ing before  roasting  is  unnecessary,  and  only  adds  to 
cost  and  labor. 

When  sufficiently  cooled,  the  roasted  sulphides  are 
carefully  transferred  by  means  of  a  hand  scoop  and 
brush  from  the  muffle  or  the  pans  into  the  pulveriz- 
ing drum,  a  cylindrical  sheet-iron  barrel,  three  feet 
in  diameter  and  four  feet  long,  running  on  trunnions, 
provided  with  an  airtight  manhole,  and  revolved  by 
means  of  a  crank  or  pulley.  Some  good-sized  cobble 
stones  put  into  it  greatly  assist  pulverization.  A 
little  borax,  soda  and  niter  is  now  added,  according 
to  the  composition  of  the  sulphides.  Sometimes  the 
solution  from  leaching  has  not  been  quite,  clear,  and 
a  perceptible  amount  of  slimes  (ore)  has  accumulated 
with  the  sulphides  in  the  precipitating  tank;  or  the 
roasting  before  chlorination  has  not  been  as  thorough 
as  it  might  have  been,  and  considerable  quantities  of 
arsenic  and  antimony  have  gone  into  solution  with 
the  gold  in  chlorination,  and  have  been  precipitated 
with  SO;,  and  H.;S,  and  not  all  eliminated  in  roasting 
the  sulphides.  All  such  circumstances  have  to  be 
considered,  and  the  necessary  fluxes  added,  to  secure 
a  fusible  slag  of  light  specific  gravity  that  will  ren- 
der possible  the  collection  of  the  gold  and  a  clear 
slag.  If  the  ore  treated  in  this  mill  is  siliceous,  the 
dux  will  have  to  be  in  general  an  alkaline  one,  such 
as  soda,  potash,  etc.  If,  on  the  contrary,  the  ore  is 
a  basic  one,  a  siliceous  flux,  such  as  glass  or  sand, 
etc.,  has  to  be  added.  If  sulphur,  arsenic  or  anti- 
mony has  remained,  niter  or  metallic  iron  may  be 
added.  Niter,  however,  must  always  be  employed 
with  caution,  as  it  occasions  violent  action  during 
fusion.  As  the  conditions  are  always  varying,  the 
fluxing  in  each  case  has  to  be  left  to  the  discretion  of 
the  chemist  or  manipulator.  The  fluxes  are  added 
direct  to  the  sulphides  in  the  pulverizing  drum,  and 
become  well  mixed  during  pulverization.  They 
should,    at  all  times,  be  perfectly  dry.     Moisture  in 

*A-paper  read  at  the  Virginia  Beacu  meeting  of  the  American 
Institute  or  Mining  Engineers. 


the  llux,  anywhere,  will  surely  occasion  loss  during 
fusion,  gold  being  carried  away  in  the  form  of  fine 
dust  with  the  steam  out  of  the  crucible.  Borax  glass 
is  to  be  recommended  instead  of  common  crystallized 
■borax.  The  pulverizing  drum  has  proved  bo  be  the 
very  best  machine  for  this  purpose;  since,  if  it  is 
carefully  closed,  no  dusting  and  consequent    loss    are 

experienced. 

The  gold  is  now  metallic,  being    reduced  by  heat,  in 

roasting  \u.s        heal       2Au       3S,  and  3S      tiO  = 

3SO«.  In  melting  the  fluxed  and  roasted  sulphides  a 
crucible  of  good  capacity,  and  yet  easily  handled,  is 
of  great  importance.  No.  lull,  Dixon's  plumbago, 
has  proved  a  suitable  size.  A  little  borax  glass  or 
slag  is  first  put  into  the  crucibles,  each  of  which  is 
filled  to  about  two  to  four  inches  front  the  top,  and  a 
covering  is  given  of  borax  glass    or    rich    slag    from 

previous  meltings,  which  will  prevent  loss  by  dust 
ing  while  the  contents  are  fusing.  The  crucibles  are 
now  placed  in  the  furnaces  with  the  assistance  ol  a 
pair  of  blocks  and  tackles  and  a  basket  tongs.  A 
lid  is  placed  on  the  crucible,  and  the  steadily  increas- 
ing temperature  soon  fuses  the  contents  without  any 
boiling  or  violent  action.  After  fusion  the  heat  has 
to  be  kept  at  very  high  temperature  lor  some  time 
to  effect  a  complete  collection  of  the  smaller  gold 
globules.  The  crucible  is  then  taken  out  and  quickly 
poured  into  a  conical  mold  of  suitable  capacity. 

The  bullion  separates  from  the  slag  in  conical 
buttons.  Bach  crucible  melt  of  good  sulphides  pro- 
duces from  Kill  to  lad  ounces  of  bullion,  from  .SOU  to 
.950  line.  Arsenic,  antimony,  copper,  platinum  and 
silver  are  the  principal  impurities.  The  buttons  are 
remelted,  as  usual,  and  cast  into  a  bullion  mold  to  be 
ready  for  shipment.  The  resulting  slags  are  still 
comparatively  rich  in  gold.  They  are  crushed  and 
pulverized,  and  the  gold  shots  are  panned  out  and 
added  to  the  next  melting.  The  tailings  from  this 
panning  are  dried  and  mixed  with  the  slags  of  assays 
from  the  assay  office,  or  other  lead-containing  sub- 
stances. Metallic  iron  is  added,  and  the  mixture  is 
melted  in  crucibles  which  have  served  for  sulphide 
meltings  a  good  many  times  already,  but  are  consid- 
ered not  any  longer  quite  as  sound  as  is  desired  for 
this  most  important  operation.  The  resulting  lead 
bullion  is  cupelled,  yielding  the  remainder  of  the  gold. 
The  slags  resulting  from  this  second  melting  are  too 
poor  to  be  rehandled. 

The  losses  in  refining  by  this  method  arc  almost 
entirely  mechanical,  and  depend,  therefore,  to  a 
great  extent  on  the  care  and  skill  of  the  operator. 
The  Hue  dust  from  the  roasting  as  well  as  th.?  melt- 
ing furnaces  has  been  assayed  at  different,  times 
after  continued  operations,  but  has  shown  compara- 
tively little  gold.  There  is,  of  course,  some  loss  by 
volatilization  in  melting,  but  it  is  small,  and  only 
noticeable  when  arsenic  or  antimony  is  present  in 
large  quantity.  I  have  once  observed  on  1he  iron 
cover  of  the  melting  furuace  a  white  sublimate  of 
arsenic,  which  showed  in  some,  places  a  beautiful 
pink  color.  Some  of  this  pink  sublimate  was  care- 
fully gathered  and  assayed,  and  proved  to  contain 
considerable  gold.  Experience  has  shown  me  that 
this  loss  only  occurs  at  very  high  temperatures 
(above  the  melting  point  of  gold)  and  in  the  presence 
of  a  large  percentage  of  volatile  metals,  such  as 
arsenic  and  antimony,  and  can  be.  avoided  altogether 
by  careful  roasting  and  fluxing. 

The  chemical  fact  that  bromine  dissolves  and  ex- 
tracts gold  from  ores  is  in  itself  nothing  new,  but 
that  several  thousand  tons  of  gold  ore  have  been 
treated  with,  technical  as  well  as  financial  success, 
and  the  gold  has  been  extracted  not  less  easily — in 
fact,  better  and  more  cheaply — with  bromine  than 
with  chlorine  solution,  is  surely  worth  knowing. 
Last  year  the  Asiatic  cholera  invaded  Europe,  and  the 
price  of  chloride  of  lime  advanced  materially  in  con- 
sequence. I  then  employed  bromine  instead  of  chloride 
of  lime  and  sulphuric  acid,  and  practiced  barrel 
bromination  at  the  Black  Hills  Works  in  Rapid  City, 
S.  D.  The  cost  of  bromine  was  at  first  35  cents  per 
pound,  but  we  received  it  later  from  the  manu- 
facturer on  contract  for  2(1  cents  per  pound.  One 
to  one  and  a  half  pounds  was  all  that  was  needed  per 
ton  of  ore  that  had  been  roasted  fairly  well.  On 
well  roasted  ore  less  than  one  pound  was  quite  suffi- 
cient. The  outlay  of  2(i  to  40  cents  for  bromine  per 
ton  of  ore  compared  very  favorably  with  80  cents  to 
$1  for  chloride  of  lime  and  sulphuric  acid;  besides 
which,  the  handling  was  more  convenient,  and  the 
extraction  was  from  50  cents  to  $1  better  on  ore 
that  was  not  roasted  as  well  as  it  ought  to  have 
been.  We  consequently  changed  altogether  over  to 
bromination.  Thousands  of  tons  have  been  bromi- 
nated  since,  and  I  believe  we  have  fully  demon- 
strated, on  a  large  scale,  the  technical  and  financial 
practicability  of  this  branch  of  metallurgy.  The 
methods  of  precipitation  with  the  H.2S  and  SO»,  and 
the  refining  of  the  gold  sulphides,  as  described 
above,  worked  as  well  on  bromine  solution  as  it  had 
done  before  on  chlorine  solution,  and  made  no 
changes  of  plant  necessary. 


Arizona  Gold  Ores. 


Dr.  Theo   i;  Comstock,  in  his  capacity  as  director 

ol  the  bureau  of  mines  and  geologist,  has  several 
tests  of  Arizona  gold  ores.  He  finds,  as  stated  in 
hi-  report  to  the  board  of  regents  of  the  university, 
that  the  Territory  has  three  classes  of  such  ores:  (1) 
Those  which  are  really  "free''  ores;  (2)  An  interme- 
diate class,  partly  "free"  and  partly  •■  sulphuret ;" 
and  (3)  The  " sulphuret "  ores.  Many  miners,  who 
get  colors  in  the  pan  or  horn  spoon  and  who  after- 
ward get  good  assays  from  their  ore,  are  disap- 
pointed at  the  low  percentage  saved  in  the  milling 
process.  This  is  usually  because  they  have  over- 
looked fine-grained  black  sulphide  which  forms  a  eon 
siderable  portion  of  the  ore,  although  it  may  not  !„• 
visible  in  the  rock.  Dr.  Comstock  is  satisfied,  from 
his  investigations,  that  the  working  of  gold  ores  in 
Arizona  is  yet  in  its  initial  stages,  for  there  are  de- 
posits  enough,  rich  enough  and  extensive  enough  to 
tempt  the  Investment  of  capital,  guided  by  thought- 
ful and  economical  engineering  talent,  when  once  the 
ores  are  understood. 


The  Anaconda,  Montana,  coal  properties  are  soon 
to  be  put  in  operation.  One  hundred  coke  ovens  are 
already  finished  and  the  coal  washing  plant  is  in 
operation  and  working  well.  Within  a  few  days  the 
ovens  will  be  charged  and  the  manufacture  of  coke 
commenced. 


The  use  of  malleable  iron  in  car  construction  is 
spreading  rapidly  and  railroad  men  are  realizing 
that  it  is  a  material  thoroughly  adapted  for  that 
purpose.  Nearly  all  of  the  castings  employed  in  car 
work  are  used  without  any  finish,  and  the  smooth 
castings  of  uniform  dimensions  obtainable  in  malle- 
able iron,  and  the  greater  strength,  combined  in 
most  cases  with  a  considerable  saving  in  weight, 
makes  this  material  particularly  suitable  for  car 
construction.  In  5011  cars  for  which  a  Chicago  firm 
has  recently  contracted,  more  malleable  iron  is  em- 
ployed than  in  any  other  cars  thus  far  constructed. 
For  some  years  past  an  important  American  line  has 
employed  malleable  iron  in  the  construction  of  its  re- 
frigerator cars,  and  the  extensive  use  of  malleable 
eastings  has  been  with  this  company  a  matter  of 
several  years'  growth.  On  the  cars  just  ordered, 
even  the  journal  boxes  are  of  malleable  iron.  A  list 
of  the  parts  which  are  cast  in  malleable  iron,  to- 
gether with  their  weights,  shows  that  there  are 
nearly  1500  pounds  of  such  iron  in  each  car. 

Recorder  Shibell,  of  Pima  Co.,  Arizona,  fur 
nishes  some  figures  on  the  working  of  mines  by  lead 
pencil  done  in  189-1  through  the  exemption  act  of 
Congress,  setting  aside  the  requirements  of  #100 
worth  of  work  ou  each  mine  annually.  During  1894 
1200  mines  in  Pima  county  were  exempted,  the  filing 
j  with  the  recorder  being  done  ou  300  blanks.  These 
300  notices  cost  $450  to  file,  and  that  was  all  the  ex- 
pense. Thus  $450  did  all  what  in  other  years  would 
require  $120,000  to  do.  On  the  1200  mines  thus  re- 
corded, work  would  have  been  done  to  the  extent  of 
at  least  $50,000.  Many  mine  owners  are  well-to-do, 
and  the  poorer  men,  who  would  have  done  the  work, 
are  thus  kept  out  of  $50,000,  in  Pima  county. 

A  New  York  piivsician  writes  to  the  Electrical 
Recfeic,  saying:  "A  watchman  or  janitor  in  the 
Thomson-Houston  electric  light  station,  425  East 
Twenty-fourth  street,  New  York  city,  a  man  about 
sixty  years  of  age,  recently  told  me  that  he  had  been 
for  thirty  years  a  sufferer  from  rheumatism.  He 
had  been  employed  in  the  electric  light  station,  how- 
ever, for  the  last  three  years,  and  for  nearly  all  this 
time  he  had  been  free  from  rheumatism.  *  He  also 
stated  that  not  a  man  in  the  station  had  rheumatism, 
and  he  considered  the  imtnuuity  due  to  the  elec- 
tricity." 

The  first  passenger  steamer  in  the  world  to  be 
lighted  by  electric  lights  was  the  Columbia,  plying 
between  here  and  the  Columbia  river.  The  first  sail- 
ing vessel  to  be  lighted  by  electricity  is  said  to  have 
been  the  Spanish  bark  La  Vigusea,  a  bulk-oil  and 
general  cargo  carrier.  She  is  fitted  throughout  with 
incandescent  lights,  the  power  for  the  dynamo  beiug 
furnished  by  a  small  oil  engine,  which  also  furnishes 
power  to  pump  her  oil  cargo  when  she  is  loading  or 
unloading. 

What  is  believed  to  be  the  biggest  gas  engine  in 
the  world  is  in  operation  at  Pantin,  France,  where 
it  drives  a  flour  mill,  ft  is  capable  of  indicating 
450  horse  power,  but  the  maximum  load  on  it  is 
only  280.  It  is  operated  with  gas  made  on  the 
premises,  and  the.  plant  yields  one  horse  power  to 
each  nine-tenths  of  a  pound  of  coal  consumed  by  the 
gas  producer.  Most  steam  engines  require  from 
one  and  one-half  to  three  pounds  of  coal  per  horse 
power. 

The  latest  use  for  pulp  is  in  the  manufacture  of 
paper  pneumatic  bicycle  saddles.  Bicycle  mechanics 
have  long  since  striven  to  invent  an  easier  riding 
saddle  for  modern  safeties.  Well  subdued  pulp  is 
compounded  with  certain  ingredients  and  the  saddle 
cast  in  parts.  The  two  parts  are  the  top  and  bot- 
tom, around  the  edges  of  which  are  ridges,  which 
are  lapped,  sewed  together  and  cemented. 

Though  gold  is  not  officially  at  a  premium,  gold  re- 
fineries are  now  shipping  gold  bars  to  the  East,  and 
to  brokers,  instead  of  depositing  in  the  mint,  where, 
without  any  expense  for  expressage,  they  could  get 
its  coinage  value. 


^86 


: Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  9, 1895. 


Ore  Production  Without  Profit. 


In  noting  that  meetings  of  prominent  iron-ore 
producers  have  been  held  in  Cleveland  during  the 
past  few  days  to  endeavor  to  arrange  some  plan  of 
securing  better  prices  nest  season,  Iron  Ore  gives 
the  following  account  of  the  financial  results  at 
several  of  the  largest  "workings  in  the  Lake  Superior 
region  during  the  past  two  years: 

The  big  Minnesota  Iron  Company,  with  its  -vast 
stores  of  ore,  its  fine  equipment  and  thorough  sys- 
tems, with  its  magnificent  carriers  on  the  -lakes j fend 
its  own  railroad,  has  been  unable  to  pay  a  single 
cent' in  dividends  to  its  shareholders.  For  two  years 
it  has  nothing  to  credit  in  the  line. of  earnings,  and 
those  who  have  money  invested  in  this  giant  corpora- 
tion have  received  nothing  therefor  in  the  shape  of 
earnings.  The  investment  reaches  well  into  the 
millions,  and  there  must  be  a  paying  market  in 
order  to  give  return  for  these  vast  amounts.  With 
all  its  many  advantages,  it  has  not  been  able  to  de- 
clare a  dividend. 

-  The  Cleveland-Cliffs,  with  no  royalties  to  pay,  with 
abundant  capital,  with  properties  well  located  with 
reference  to  market,  and  with  long  experience  in 
the  business  of  mining,  has  failed  to  pay  its  share- 
holders a  cent  in  the  past  two  years. 

The  Lake  Superior,  with  its  fine  possessions,  can- 
not earn  a  dollar  more  than  the  cost  of  operating, 
and  it  has  every  advantage  to  carry  on  its  affairs 
economically. 

The  big  Tilden  mine,  of  the  Gogebic,  is  something 
like  $50.0,000  in  debt,  and  its  affairs  are  in  the  hands 
of  a  receiver. 

The  Norrie  finds  no  profit  in  the  business,  not- 
withstanding the  fact  that  it  sends  out  about  a  mil- 
lion of  tons  annually.  -.. 

-  The  Oliver,  mining  over  half  a  million  tons:  Jast 
year,  lost  anywhere  from  820,000  to  §75,000.  Its  ore 
was  secured  by  steam  shovel,  and  as  cheaply  as  at 
any  other  Mesaba  property.     It  is  a  royalty-payer. 

The  Chapin,  the  largest  producer  on  the  Menom- 
inee range,  has. been  worked  for  several  years  with- 
out profit. 

These  concerns  possess  the  most  valuable  proper- 
ties in  the  different  Lake  Superior  fields.  The  best 
machinery  is  employed  in  the  working  of  the  different 
mines..  No  other  iron-ore  producing  region  in  the 
world  is  so  progressive  in  this  feature.  Special 
attention  has  ever  been  given  to  a  securing  of  the 
best,  and  calculated  to  cheapen  the  cost  of  mining. 
We  secure  our  mine  timber  cheaply,  explosives  are 
very  low,  supplies  of  all  kinds  are  reasonable,  and 
still  we  are  without  profit. 


Mexican  Industrial    Exposition. 


An  international  exposition  of  industries  and  fine 
arts,  authorized  by  the  Federal  Government  of 
Mexico,  by  decree  dated  January  9,  1895,  will  be  in- 
augurated in  the  city  of  Mexico  on  the  2d  of  April, 
1896,  and  will  remain  open  for  a  period  of  at  least 
six  months.  This  will  be  Mexico's  first  exposition, 
and  will  include  all  kinds  of  industrial,  scientific, 
commercial  and  artistic  productions. 

The  exposition  will  comprise  a  national  and  a 
foreign  department,  to  which  latter  all  natious  may 
contribute,  the  Mexican  Government  granting  the 
following  privileges : 

All  goods  and  articles  imported  from  abroad  for 
the  exposition  will  be  treated  by  the  Mexican  Gov- 
ernment as  imported  "in  bond,"  and  import  duties 
will  have  to  be  paid  only  in  case  of  sale.  The  ma- 
terials and  machinery  for  any  buildings  to  be  erected 
on  the  exposition  grounds,  or  the  entire  buildings 
imported  for  erection  there,  are  to  be  allowed  to 
come  in  free  of  any  duty. 

The  exhibitors  and  concessionaires — foreigners — 
those  who  sell  foreign  objects,  or  have  shows  in  the 
foreign  section,  are  exempt  of  all  federal  taxes. 

The  Mexican  Government  will  use  its  influence 
with  the  railway  and  steamship  companies  to  get 
the  utmost  facilities  and  the  greatest  possible  re- 
ductions in  the  rates  of  freight  on  all  goods  and  on 
rates  of  passage  moneys  for  all  persons  connected 
with  the  exposition  and  visitors. 

Those  interested  should  address  A.  K.  Coitfy, 
Consul-General  of  Mexico,  604  Clay  street,  San 
Francisco,  California. 


Edison's  Forecasts. 


Mr.  Edison,  in  his  speculations  regarding  the  de- 
velopments of  the  future,  designates  the  greatest 
coming  revolution  to  be  that  following  on  the  yet  un- 
made discovery  how  to  generate  electricity  directly 
from  coal.  When  science  is  able  to  do  away  with 
the  intervention  of  steam  boilers  and  engines  in  pro- 
ducing electrical  energy,  there  will  be  a  vast  en- 
largement of  the  capabilities  of  electromotion,  and 
an  immense  enhancement  of  the  efficiency  of  coal  as 
an  industrial  agency.  It  is  worth  noticing,  adds  an 
Eastern  scientific  journal,  that  the  disposition  to  en- 
courage a  popular  idea  that  electricity  can  relegate 
coal  to  use.lessness  is  distinctly  disavowed  by  Edison's 
v  lew,  Coal  will  remain  the  fuel  of  the  future  and  the 
parent  of  all  motion.     Water  may  furnish  some  elec- 


tric power;  wind  and  sun  power  may  do  a  little  in 
addition,  but  coal  will  be  the  source  of  motion,  and 
power  in  the  coming  age.  And  the  expansion  of  its- 
utility  in  the  manner  suggested  will  increase  its-  im- 
portance as  an  industrial  factor.  Beyond  that,  Mr. 
Edison  thinks  that  the  flying  machine  will  come  be- 
fore long;  that  telegraphing  between  ships  without 
wires  is  already  practicable,  and  that  new  foods 
drawn  from  inorganic  elements  are  among  the  possi- 
bilities. The  first  two  developments  will  be  anxiously 
awaited;  but  conservative  mankind  will  be  content 
to  go  on  for  a  long  time  in  the  consolation  that  beef- 
steaks, fruits  and  other  foods  furnished  by  the  chem- 
istry of  nature  are  good  enough  for  this  generation, 
if  not  for  several  of  its  successors. ' 


Silver  for  Oriental    flarkets. 


Several  years  ago,  on  his  return  from  a"  trip  around 
the  world,  the  late  ex-Governor  Low,  at  that  time 
one  of  the  managers  of  the  Anglo-California  Bank  of 
this  city,  was  enthused  over  the  possibility  of  divert- 
ing some  of  the  silver  intended  for  Oriental  markets 
from  London  to  San  Francisco.  It  was  known  that 
England  had  enjoyed  a  monopoly  of  this  trade  for 
many  years,  even  before  silver  became  known  as  a 
product  of  any  importance  in  the  United  States. 
Mr.  Low  expressed  to  the  commercial  editor  of  the 
Bulletin  very  decided  opinions  upon  this  subject,  and 
requested  of  him  a  statement  of  the  movements  of 
silver  from  this  port  to  those  markets  for  a  number 
of  years.  It  was  clearly  demonstrated  at  the  time 
that  San  Francisco  had  a  natural  right  to  handle  a 
larger  share  of  this  trade  than  had  been  previously 
vouchsafed  to  her,  in  view  of  her  proximity  to  the 
chief  sources  of  supply  in  the  Pacific  States  and  Ter- 
ritories and  Mexico,  and  her  direct  and  frequent 
steam  communication  with  the  markets  of  consump- 
tion. 

But  Mr.  Low  found  there  were  barriers  to  the 
realization  of  his  hopes,  first  in  the  breaking  of  long 
established  commercial  relations  with  England,  and 
also  in  the  matter  of  charges.  Though  it  was  a 
more  roundabout  way  of  reaching  the  Oriental 
markets  to  send  silver  first  to  London  and  thence  to 
India,  China  and  Japan,  than  by  way  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, it  was  found  that  the  metal  could  be  laid  down 
there  at  less  cost,  or  at  least  more  satisfactorily,  all 
things  considered  It  is  known  that  for  many  years 
the  countries  just  named  have  been  the  largest  con- 
sumers of  silver  in  the  world.  Up  to  the  stoppage 
of  silver  coinage  in  India,  in  June,  1893;  that  country 
was  a  particularly  large  absorber  of  silver,  so  much 
so  that  it  had  received  the  designation  as  the  "Silver 
Sink  '  of  the  world.  No  one  has  ever  been  able  to 
tell  what  has  become  of  all  the  silver  shipped  to 
Oriental  markets  during  the  present  century.  For 
the  past  six  years  alone  these  shipments  from 
England  and  San  Francisco  have  been  as  follows  : 

1889 857,654,712 

1890 47,974,309 

1S91 : 41,379,445 

1S92 67,342,524 

1S93 67,715,485 

1S94 60,233,858 

Here  we  have  a  total  of  $342,289,533  in  six  years, 
or  nearly  the  total  amount  produced  in  this  country, 
though  much  of  the  total  was  obtained  from  Mexico 
aud  other  foreign  sources.  About  80  per  cent  of  this 
silver  was  shipped  from  London,  most  of  which  was 
probably  first  sent  from  this  country  to  England, 
thus  leaving  San  Francisco  only  about  20  per  cent  of 
the  trade.  This  unequal  and  unnatural  condition  of 
affairs  was  again  recently  brought  to  the  attention  of 
the  parties  interested,' and  a  move  was  at  once  made 
to  see  if  a  remedy  could  not  be  found  to  bring  about 
a  more  normal  condition  of  affairs.  California  has 
little  direct  interest  in  the  raw  silver  trade,  because 
she  has  no  strictly  silver  mines,  but  she  has  consider- 
able capital  invested  in  silver  mines  in  adjoining 
States  and  Territories,  and  a  direct  interest  in  the 
smelting  of  silver  ores  and  in  the  refining  of  crude 
and  dore  silver.  It  was  found  that  if  more  of  the 
silver  intended  for  the  Oriental  markets  could  be 
shipped  from  San  Francisco,  it  would  be  of  much  ad- 
vantage to  all  conerned. 

The  chief  obstacle  lay  in  the  matter  of  transpor- 
tation expenses,  including  insurance  and  interest. 
These  items  of  cost  to  the  shipper  by  way  of  London 
were  ascertained  to  a  nicety,  and  then  an  appeal  was 
made  to  the  carriers  by  way  of  San  Francisco. 
Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.  's  Express  and  the  steamship 
lines  out  of  this  port  were  the  parties  consulted,  and 
they  met  the  demands  of  shippers  and  refiners  in  a 
friendly  spirit.  Without  going  further  into  the  par- 
ticulars, it  may  be  stated  that  silver  bullion  can  now 
be  sent  to  Japan  and  China  from  Colorado  and  inter- 
mediate points  on  more  favorable  terms  to  the 
producers  than  by  way  of  New  York  and  Lon- 
don. The  new  arrangement  has  been  in  operation 
only  a  few  months,  but  is  being  patronized  by  some 
of  the  largest  producers  at  Denver  and  Pueblo, 
Colorado,  and  also  at  Omaha,  although  from  the  lat- 
ter place  only  fine  silver  has  been  received  for  ship- 
ment. Colorado,  on  the  other  hand,  is  sending  fair 
quantities  of  crude  silver,  which  is  refined  here,  thus 
giving  us  the  benefit  of  that  part  of  the  work  and 
the  gold  that  is  extracted  from  the  same.  Great 
credit  is  clue  to  the  parties  who  have  combined  to 


bring  about  this  change.  The  silver  shipments  from 
San  Francisco  to  the  Orient  since  1875  have  been  as 
follows: 

,'J  Silver  Bai-s.  Mex.  Dollars 

1875... 1281,373  S>1,S20,647 

1876 2,537,286  3,848,447 

1877 5,562,123  2,619,527 

1878 !:.-. 8,048,485  2,189,070 

1879 5,908,819  2,347,911 

1SS0. ..:..- 2,401,359  3,311,574 

1881 .'...  2,530,542  2,205,459 

1882  : 3,017,290  2,399,930 

18S3 ". 5,505,578  4,197,370 

1884...  Of. 5,993,67S  8,049,496 

1885..... 7,489,091  9,934,058 

1880 7,700,771  9,230,725 

18S7,. 8,049,465  0,292,779 

1S88 7,902,700  5,f 

i889 8,627,253  9,i 

1890...., 302,300  6,813,997 

1891....;;.". ' 583,219  7,105,806 

1892..... •: .'.  3,020,450  10,569,945 

1893.  ..-:..- 2,511,956  9,281,760 

1894.... ; 7,210,950  5,369,891 


0,292,779  I 
5,641,328  I 
9,894,712 


Totals. : $97,164,489 


*Ul,923,4:-!2 


In  addition  to  the  fine  silver  and  Mexican  dollars, 
as  aboye  set  forth,  there  was  also  shipped  from 
January  1,  1875,  to  December  31,  1889,  the  sum  of 
$20,340,344  in  trade  dollars,  made  expressly  for  this 
trade  at  the  United  States  Mint  in  this  city.  All 
but  $18,550  of  these  dollars  were  shipped  from  1875 
to  1879  inclusive.  The  trade  dollar  was  authorized 
in  February,  1873,  and  the  shipments  hence  in  1873 
and  1874  were  $5,406,969,  so  that  altogether  these 
shipments  amounted  to  $25,747,313. 

The  movement  of  silver  from  Colorado  to  China 
and  Japan  by  way  of  San  Francisco  began  in  the  last 
half  of  1894.  The  total  cost  of  shipping  $1000  in 
fine  silver  from  Omaha  or  Kansas  City  to  Hongkong 
via  New  York  and  London  is  $17.31  and  from  Denver 
$19.06,  while  to  Yokohama  the  charges  are  $18.81 
and  $20.56  respectively.  These  figures  include  in- 
terest and  insurance.  The  cost  by  way  of  San 
Francisco  to  Hongkong  is  $14  from  Omaha  and 
Kansas  City  and  $12.50  from  Denver  and  to  Yoko- 
hama $13.50  and  $12.50  respectively.  Through  bills 
of  lading  from  Colorado  to  Japan  and  China,  with 
stop-over  privileges  at  San  Francisco,  are  allowed 
on  all  silver  that  needs  to  be  refined  here. 


A  Protest. 


The  miners  are  entering  a  vigorous  protest  against 
the  removal  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  and  here  in 
Nevada  City' the  following  memorial  to  the  Legisla- 
ture is  being  circulated  and  numerously  signed  :- 

"We,  the  undersigned,  interested  in  mining  in 
Nevada  City,  Nevada  county,  enter  a  vigorous  pro- 
test against  the  abolition  of  the  State  Mining  Bu- 
reau, or  its  transfer  to  the  State  University. 

' '  The  Mining  Bureau  is  the  only  State  institution 
maintained  in  the  interests  of  the  miners  of  Cali- 
fornia, and  is  doing  useful  and  satisfactory  work.  It 
should  be  continued  as  it  is  and  a  liberal  appropria- 
tion given,  to  still  further  help  the  mining  interests 
of  California,  which  need  fostering  just  as  much  as 
those  of  an  agricultural  nature." — Nevada  City 
Herald. 

A  similar  protest  is  being  circulated  and  signed  in 
every  mining  county  in  the  State. 


Messrs.  T.  D.  F.  Andrews  &  Co.,  of  London,  Eng- 
land, have  made  some  experiments  upon  the  induct- 
ance of  sheathed  cables.  The  results  show  that, 
whether  the  sheath  or  outer  concentric  covering  be 
of  iron  or  copper,  the  inductance  is  practically  the 
same;  and  if  an  ordinary  copper  concentric  cable  be 
used  in  place  of  the  iron  armored  cable  of  the  same 
cross-section,  the  results  are  the  same  in  every  case. 
This  is  interesting  so  far  as  it  goes,  but  a  little  in- 
formation regarding  the  periodicity  at  which  the 
tests  were  made  would  add  to  the  value  of  these  ob- 
servations. 

The  Plata  Reina  Mining  Co.,  an  American  com- 
pany, which  operated  the  Pancha  de  Plata  mine  at 
Sonora,  having  lost  possession  by  neglect  to  comply 
with  the  Mexican  mining  laws,  it  was  "denounced'' 
and  operated  by  Ignacio  A.  Pesuira  and  associates, 
who  have  been  successful,  having  extracted  and 
shipped  600  to  800  tons  of  silver  ore,  worth  $200  per 
ton.  The  Plata  Reina  Mining  Co.  are  endeavoring 
to  get  the  Mexican  Secretary  of  the  Interior  to  dis- 
possess -Senor  Pesquira  and  award  them  the  prop- 
erty. . 

The  Debris  Commission  have  issued  hydraulic-min- 
ing permits  to  the  Kentucky  Flat  Company  of  El 
Dorado  county,  and  the  New  York  Mining  Company 
and  the  Dutra  Wilder  Company  of  Yuba  county. 


The  Lady  Emma  Mining  Company  has  incor- 
porated in  this  city.  Capital  stock,  $100,000.  C.  E. 
Brown,  W.  B.  Roberts,  M.  Otey,  W.  H.  Hamilton, 
N.  L.  Beel  are  directors. 


A  five-cent  stamp  now  will  carry  a  letter  to  any 
country  in  the  world  that  maintains  postoffiees. 


The  Jackson,  Sonoma  Co.,    mine   produced   J5J8 
flasksof  quicksilver  in  January. 


February  9,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


87 


Gold  Mining  in    California. 


Discoursing  ol  gold  mining  in  this  State,  Geo. 
Partridge  writes  to   the  Denver   Mining   /heard  as 

follow  > 

There  is  every  symptom  of  a  great  revival  of  min- 
ing in  California.  The  little  village  of  Jackson,  in 
Inoador  county,  which  has  been  in  a  comatose  condi- 
tion for  years,  has  now  scarcely  room  for  the  new- 
comers,  and  Coulterville,  in  Mariposa,  since  the 
advent  of  the  Boston  and  Montana  Company,  which 
is  resurrecting  the  famous  Cook  property,  is  putting 
on  airs,  ami  talks  of  $400  a  front  foot  for  village  lots. 
Prospectors  are  also  talking  many  thousands  for 
their  claims  all  along  the  belt;  similar  activity  toward 
it  came  too  late  to  affect  last  year's  output,  but  will 
no  doubt  largely  increase  the  output  of  1895. 

It  may  be  truly  said  that  our  mountains  have  been 
scarcely  more  than  scratched,  and  it  can  be  said  also 
that  failures  to  succeed,  when  they  occurred,  have 
been  from  reasons  that  would  have  broken  any  busi- 
ness in  the  world.  The  quartz  is  here  in  great 
abundance,  but  it  takes  good  mining  and  good  honest 
will  to  turn  it  into  gold.  It  is  quite  as  much  a  ques- 
tion of  will  as  of  quartz.  We  consider  $8  ore,  with  a 
three  to  four  foot  ledge,  a  good  bank  to  draw  on,  yet 
many  ledges  go  higher  as  well  as  lower.     There   are 

• twenty  to  thirty  feet  wide  that  mill    $H    to   $4, 

and  some  that  are  of  greater  width  that, yield  $2  a 
ton.  and  such  veins  have  been  worked  a  long  time  at 
a  cost  of  lil'ty  rents  a  ton  for  mining  arid  milling. 
The  ore  is  soft  and  broken  and  forty  tons,  is  put 
through  a  ten-ton  roller  mill.  With  the  large  ledges 
of  $.'!  to  $4  rock  a  large  mill  is  the  factor  of  success. 
The  Qtica  mine  of  Hayward  &  Hobart  at  Angel's 
Camp  began  with  $3  ore,  but  it  got  better,  and  with 
240  stamps  now  yields  about  $160,000  monthly. 

The  Kennedy  mine,  in  Amador,  nets  about  $50,000 
monthly,  with  30  stamps.  There  are  thousands  of 
live  and  ten  stamp  mills  in  the  State,  but  as  all  are 
in  private  hands  and  close  corporations  little  can  be 
learned  of  individual  profits.  No  gold  mines  are 
listed  on  our  stock  exchange.  The  ground  cost  of 
mining  and  milling  in  "going  "  mines  is  but  $3.50  per 
ton.     Many  a  mine  would    pay   all  cost  of  develop- 


ment from  the  grass  roots  with  a  little  two-stamp 
mill  that  costs  here  but  $500  without  power,  and 
mills  five  to  six  tons  daily.  The  prospector  needs 
about  $1500  to  set  up  such  a  mill,  and  there's  the  rub. 

About  live  years  agoa  miner  offered  a  mine  he  had 
bonded  and  put  a  five-stamp  mill  on  at  an  incon- 
venient distance,  so  that  he  could  only  about  meet 
expenses  from  an  eight-foot  ledge  of  $s  quartz.  He 
was  in  debt  and  offered  to  sell  for  $25,01111,  but  he 
could  get  no  buyer.  So  he  pegged  away,  and  in  two 
years  he  had  twenty  stamps  and  a  monthly  income  of 
$8000  net;  then  capitalists  wanted  to  give  him  $200,- 
000  for  it,  but  he  concluded  it  was  worth  that  to 
keep. 

This  suggests  the  apparent  mistake  that  capital- 
ists make  in  trying  to  buy  a  paying  proposition  at  a 
big  price,  based  on  its  current  output  and  what  is  in 
sight.  The  late  George  Hearst  used  to  tell  the  boys: 
"  I'll  give  you  what  you  have  in  sight  and  take  my 
chances  on  tho  rest  for  profit,"  but  estimates  gener- 
ally disagreed.  When  a  mine  is  equipped  with  a  mill 
the  owner  is  independent,  and  as  a  prominent  expert 
here  says,  asks  a  price  that  will  pay  about  four  per 
cent  on  the  investment.  When  he  has  no  mill  he  is 
on  his  knees  and  the  buyer  can  purchase  and  equip 
for  a  fraction  of  what  the  equipped  mine  would  cost. 

The  mountains  are  full  of  partially  developed  pros- 
pects that  can  be  had  for  a  pittance  in  comparison, 
with  safe  evidence  of  a  good  ledge.  Half-interests 
arc  plentiful  for  a  mill  and  working  capital,  and  an 
option  for  a  year  on  the  other  half. 

The  free-milling  character  of  all  our  ores  makes 
milling  cheap.  Gold  is  saved  over  concentrators  at 
a  cost  of  about  $1  per  ton.  Mining  is  safe  for  a  good 
profit  with  a  three-foot  ledge  of  $5  ore.  Tunnel 
mines  give  the  minimum  for  mining  expense,  of 
course,  but  our  deepest  shaft  mines  require  no  costly 
pumps  to  keep  down  the  water.  It  seems  foolish  for 
miners  to  go  to  Africa  or  Coolgardie  with  the  best  of 
conditions  at  home,  and  only  a  few  days'  ride  from 
the  city;  but  distance  lends  enchantment.  Some  of 
our  capitalists  have  worked  in  Mexico,  but  with  poor 
returns,  with  a  few  notable  exceptions.  A  brilliant 
success  has  lately  been  achieved  in  Lower  California, 
forty  miles  inland  from  the  Pacific  coast.  With  ten 
stamps  $125,000  was   made   last   year,    and   twenty 


more  stamps  are  now  being  placed.  The  grade  of 
ore  is  over  $100,  and  there  is  enough  in  sight  for 
years.  It  has  been  developed  400  feet.  A  pros- 
pector has  recently  located  sixteen  claims  iu  another 
locality,  showing  outcrop  from  three  to  forty  feet 
wide  that  mills  from  $20  to  $30,  and  offers  half  for 
working  capital.  There  is  little  silver  in  California; 
she  therefore  cares  little  what  becomes  of  silver, 
though  nine-tenths  of  the  people  favor  giving  silver 
the  old  chance  at  free  coinage.  The  diversion  of 
mining  in  Colorado  to  gold  will  make  many  of  your 
people  lukewarm  about  silver  ere  long,  but  after  all 
the  agony  over  gold,  what  is  the  aggregate  gain  ? 
In  a  year  there  is  about  as  much  produced  as  goes 
abroad  in  a  few  days,  and  the  goldbugs  think  that 
tho  single  standard  can  be  sustained  on  this. 


After  a  session  of  ten  days  the  coroners  inquest 
into  the  causes  of  the  terrible  explosion  in  Butto  has 
resulted  in  a  verdict  charging  that  the  deaths  caused 
by  that  dire  event  were  due  to  the  explosions  of 
dynamite  iu  the  warehouses  of  the  Kenyon-Connell 
Commercial  Company  and  the  Butte  Hardware  Com- 
pamy;  that  the  fire  started  in  the  Kenyon-Connell 
warehouse;  that  the  first  large  explosion  occurred 
there;  that  the  second  large  explosion  took  place  in 
the  Butte  Hardware  Company's  warehouse;  that  the 
two  companies  have  been  criminally  negligent  and 
careless  in  carrying  in  their  warehouses  quantities  of 
powder  in  excess  of  the  amount  allowed  by  law,  and 
that  the  two  companies  are  responsible  for  the 
deaths  of  the  victims  of  the  explosion. 


•  We  are  in  receipt  of  the  report  of  Messrs.  Grun- 
eky  &  Manson,  consulting  engineers,  with  accom- 
panying maps,  regarding  the  proposed  system  of 
drainage  and  protection  works  for  the  valley  of  the 
Sacramento.  It  is  comprehensive  and  feasible.  The 
report  estimates  a  total  cost  of  $9,287,000.  While 
this  appears  a  large  amount,  it  must  be  remembered 
that  the  expenditure  would  furnish  drainage  and 
permanent  protection  to  a  region  that  has  already 
unsatisfactorily  expended  $17,000,000  for  similar 
purposes.  The  report  is  an  exhaustive  one  and  is 
the  result  of  tbe  steady  detail  work  of  over  a  year. 


PLACER 

An^ajnajto^  :  DjMl^  :  Sll2I£k; 

CopaplelQ  '•Litm-iiNiri-"  tinkl  Am&letimathig,  ConcBDt.ru.ting  and  Hoistiug  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  <i uantitles  of  low  crude  placer  grouud  at.  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of  water  or 
.■-impressed  air.     Highest  possible  Gold  yield  Insured. 

Outfits  Inolu.de  "Lancaster"  1895  Land  or  River-Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Sleara  Shovels  and 
Canlewiivs  of  the  most  approved  construe! ion.  Sueoess  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required.  Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other  machinery  also 
built.    Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee,  39  Cortlandt  St.,  NEW  YORK. 

*  PLACER  AMALGAMATORS  * 

Combined  with  Steam  Shovel  or  Dredge. 

BUCVRUS     SYSTEM, 

NEW  METHOD  OF  PLACER  MINING. 

Saves  ;iii  the  Gold.    Uses  very  little  Water.    Treats  large  quantities  at  Low  Cost' 

Built  solely  by  the 

BUCYRUS  STEAM  SHOVEL  AND  DREDGE  COMPANY, 

South   Milwaukee,  W/ls.,  U.  S.  f\. 


THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


,^ 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  ono 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If    yuu    are    interested     in 
Rock      Drilling    Correspond 
•^ ;      with   us. 

5s?  WE  CAN  SAYE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

O  *,    Address  the  Company  at  its   Denver  OtHce. 


MINING,  IRON  AND  WOODWORKING 

MACHINERY  AND  SUPPLIES 

INGERSOLL-SERGEANT  PISTON  INLET  AIR  COMPRESSORS  AND   ROCK  DRILLS 

ENGINES  AND  BOILERS 


21  AND  23  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


fllNE  m  BELL  •  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and   In  Force  in  Accordance 
with  State  Law. 


C^OR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OK  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE   PRINT   IN   LEGAL   SIZE,    IS  X  38  INCHES.  THE  MINE  HELL  S1CNALU  ANU  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
*     the  Voorhlee  Aot,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  Marob  6,  1893.    The  law  Is  entitled  "  An  Aot  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  or  Mine  Boll  Htfuuls  to  He  u«ou  lu  All  Mines  Operated  In  the 

tate  of  California,  for  the  Proteptlpn  of  Miners."   We  oan  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  oloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  60  cents  a  oopy.    MINING  AND  SOIENTH'IC  PRESS,  380  Martel 

treet,  San  Franoisoo,  Cal. 


88 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  9,  1895. 


The  Mineral   Hydrocarbons. 


Their  History,  Geography,  Geology,  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uses. 


NUMBER  XXI. 

1880. — There  were  produced  10,552 
barrels  of  •  crude  oil  in  1880,  bringing 
the  total  yield  up  to  275,637  barrels. 

1881. — Oil  produced  in  the  State  this 
year  amounted  to  99,862  barrels;  total 
to  date,  375,499  barrels. 

A.  C.  Dietz  &  Co.  established  the 
Berkeley  Lubricating  Oil  Works  for 
the  manufacture  of  lubricating  oil  from 
California  material,  brought  from  Ven- 
tura county.  He  turned  out  100  barrels 
per  day,  so  published.  In  February 
there  were  seven  new  wells  being 
drilled  in  the  State,  and  the  last  year's 
output  was  doubled.  The  oil  business 
in  California  was  at  that  time  of 
greater  magnitude  than  was  generally 
known.  Citizens  of  Los  Angeles,  Ven- 
tura and  Santa  Barbara  counties 
signed  a  petition  asking  the  United 
States  Government  to  instruct  Clar- 
ence King,  then  Government  Geologist, 
to  make  special  surveys  of  the  oil  re- 
gions and  to  note  the  development 
since  1865.  They  represented  that  a 
belt  of  oil  shale  extended  for  eighty 
miles  in  length,  from  the  San  Fernando 
district  in  Los  Angeles  county  through 
Sespe,  Santa  Paula,  Ojai  and  Sulphur 
mountain  in  Ventura  county  and  the 
Carpinteria  and  Santa  Barbara  dis- 
tricts, terminating  in  the  Pacific  ocean 
at  Goleta,  in  Santa  Barbara  county; 
that  though  the  indications  were  en- 
couraging, yet  the  work  had  been  done 
somewhat  blindly  and  without  scientific 
guidance.  Much  money  had  for  this 
reason  been  lost — believed  to  be  as 
much  as  $1,000,000 — with  unsatisfac- 
tory results.  Practical  oil  men  and 
capitalists  familiar  with  the  subject 
were  of  the  opinion  that  the  results  of 
their  work  indicated  that  a  large  quan- 
tity of  petroleum  of  good  quality  ex- 
isted, but  they  feared  to  progress  with- 
out scientific  investigation.  In  con- 
sideration of  the  importance  to  the 
whole  country  of  the  vast  interests  in- 
volved, they  felt  that  they  bad  a  right 
to  ask  aid  from  the  General  Govern- 
ment. 

1882. — Oil  produced  in  the  State, 
128,636  barrels;  total  to  date,  504,135 

1883.— Oil  yield  of  the  State,  142,857 
barrels;  total  production  to  date, 
646,992  barrels. 

1884. — Maltha  and  crude  brea  were 
known  in  San  Luis  Obispo  county  in 
1874;  in  1884  samples  of  each  were 
brought  to  the  State  Mining  Bureau, 
also  from  Steele's  ranch,  which  were 
described  as  rising  from  a  natural  well 
100  feet  deep  "from  which  it  over- 
flowed and  became  solid  asphaltum." 
This  specimen  is  marked  No.  5058  in 
the  museum  catalogue. 

In  1884  the  annual  production  and 
consumption  of  asphaltum  in  the  State 
was  estimated  at  3500  tons,  and  the 
price  in  San  Francisco  was  from  $9  to 
■111  per  ton,  according  to  quality. 

Mr.  Lyman  Stewart,  of  the  firm  of 
Harrison  &  Stewart,  stated  to  me  that 
the  Pennsylvania  company,  of  which  he 
was  a  member,  had  invested  in  Pico 
canyon  and  elsewhere  in  Los  Angeles 
and  other  counties  $130,000,  a  large 
portion  of  which  was  a  loss.  They 
sank  six  wells  in  Pico  canyon  and  one 
in  Santa  Paula,  all  of  which  were  "dry 
holes."  Mr.  Stewart  came  to  Cali- 
fornia from  Titusville,  Pennsylvania. 
He  brought  out  thirty  men,  all  of 
whom  were  skilled  workmen.  Some  of 
the  wells  sunk  by  them  were  deep.  He 
said  if  he  could  obtain  one  well  the 
company  would  soon  make  up  the  loss. 
They  were  then  drilling  in  Pico  canyon 
near  the  Pico  well. 

On  the  19th  of  September  the  Ven- 
tura Free  Press  published  the  following: 
"At  last  the  long-looked  for  oil  began 
to  flow  through  the  pipe  line  from 
Santa  Paula;  the  pure  oil  began  to 
flow  yesterday  at  two  o'clock." 

The  Pacific  Coast  Oil  Company  pro- 
duced twelve  barrels  of  crude  oil  daily 
from  the  Santa  Cruz  mountains, 
eighteen  miles  from  San  Jose,  and  from 
ten  to  twelve  barrels  daily  from  near 


Pescadero,  San  Mateo  county.  Crude 
oil  was  largely  used  for  making  steam 
in  various  parts  of  the  State. 

The  San  Fernando  district  produced 
625  barrels  and  the  Ventura  wells  700 
barrels  daily  for  a  portion  of  the  year. 
The  total  yield  for  the  State  for  the 
year  was  262,000  barrels  and  the  grand 
total  to  date  908,992  barrels. 

1885. — During  this  year  companies 
were  organized  and  were  prospecting 
for  oil  in  Alameda  and  San  Mateo 
counties.  The  State  production  of 
oil  was  325,000  barrels,  making  the 
total  to  date  1,233,992  barrels. 

1886. — There  was  considerable  pros- 
pecting for  oil  during  this  year.  Crude 
petroleum  was  largely  used  in  Los 
Angeles,  Santa  Monica,  Pasadena, 
Monrovia,  Santa  Ana  and  other  towns. 
It  was  found  to  possess  all  the  require- 
ments for  fuel  in  numerous  manufac- 
turing establishments  in  southern  Cali- 
fornia. At  Los  Angeles  the  monthly 
consumption  was  said  to  be  3000 
barrels;  some  large  establishments  re- 
quired as  much  as  500  barrels  monthly. 
The  price  per  barrel  was   about  $2.31. 

At  Sycamore  Grove,  near  San  Louis 
Obispo,  A.  Walker,  F.  Adams  and  Dr. 
G.  R.  Nichols  commenced  sinking  a 
well  for  oil.  At  936  feet  hot  sulphur 
water  rose,  holding  in  mechanical  sus- 
pension a  considerable  quantity  of 
natural  gas,  much  like  the  wells  in 
Stockton.  All  hope  of  obtaining  oil 
being  abandoned,  and  the  water  flow- 
ing iu  abundance,  a  health  resort  was 
established,  which  met  with  encourage- 
ment. It  is  now  known  as  the  "Syca- 
more Hot  Sulphur  Springs."  The 
water  has  a  temperature  of  103°  F.  and 
a  distinctly  mineral  taste.  It  is  situ- 
ated on  the  railroad,  about  seven  miles 
from  San  Luis  Obispo  and  three  from 
Port  Harford.  I  visited  the  locality  in 
May,  1893. 

Sespe  canyon  is  credited  with  the 
yield  of  700  barrels  of  oil  daily,  New- 
hall  with  450,  Puente  with  100,  and 
other  districts  with  50 — a  total  of  1300 
per  day.  This  is  evidently  an  over- 
estimate, for  the  production  of  the 
State  for  1886  was  but  377,145  barrels, 
instead  of  474,500  by  the  first-stated 
estimate. 

The  total  State  production  to  this 
date  was  1,611,137  barrels. 

1887. — The  largest  producing  oil  well 
in  the  State,  situated  six  miles  from 
Santa  Paula,  Ventura  county,  flowed 
for  a  time  600  barrels  daily  without 
pumping.  Several  pumping  wells  in 
the  same  neighborhood  produced  from 
100  to  200  barrels  per  day. 

There  was  much  prospecting  during 
this  year  but  no  new  districts  were 
discovered.  Crude  oil  was  more  largely 
used  in  San  Francisco,  and  the  con- 
sumption in  the  southern  part  of  the 
State  continued.  Three  barrels  of 
crude  oil  were  considered  equivalent 
to  one  ton  of  the  best  steam  coal.  The 
New  Almaden  quicksilver  mine  and 
Clark's  potteries  in  Alameda  used  it 
for  making  steam.  The  Pacific  Gas 
Improvement  Company  used  seventy- 
five  barrels  daily  in  making  gas.  The 
San  Francisco  and  the  Los  Angeles  gas 
companies  altered  their  plants,  or  were 
about  to  do  so,  that  oil  might  be  sub- 
stituted for  the  more  expensive  coal  in 
the  manufacture  of  illuminating  gas. 

Crude  petroleum  of  California  pro- 
duction was  sold  in  carload  lots  for 
$1.50  to  $1.75  per  barrel,  and  there 
was  an  increased  demand  for  the  new 
fuel  in  the  State. 

A  new  refinery  was  being  built  in 
Santa  Paula,  Ventura  county,  and 
Newhall  oil,  refined  at  Alameda  Point, 
began  to  be  considered  the  best  illumi- 
nating oil  produced  iu  the  State. 

The  chief  producing  counties  were 
Los  Angeles,  Ventura  and  Santa  Clara. 
The  annual  yield  had  increased  to  678,- 
572  barrels,  and  the  total  State  pro- 
duction to  that  date  was  2,289,709 
barrels. 

Bituminous  rock  in  large  quantity 
was  discovered  on  the  Coral  de  Piedra 
ranch,  six  miles  south  of  San  Luis 
Obispo,  in  January,  by  Mr.  James 
Cormack.  During  the  year  3600  tons 
were  extracted  and  sold.  The  San 
Luis  Obispo  Bituminous  Rock  Com- 
pany was  incorporated. 

1888. — During  this  year,  by  news- 
paper  accounts,    twelve   counties    in 


California  produced  oil,  as  follows: 
Alameda,  Colusa,  Humboldt,  Los  An- 
geles (420,000  barrels),  Monterey,' San 
Benito,  San  Luis  Obispo,  San  Mateo, 
Santa  Barbara,  Santa  Clara,  Santa 
Cruz  and  Ventura  (237,000  barrels). 
This  probably  includes  asphaltum  as 
well  as  petroleum. 

By  this  estimate  Los  Angeles  and 
Ventura  counties  produced  jointly  657,- 
000  barrels.  United  States  statistics 
credit  the  State  with  690,333  barrels, 
leaving  33,333  or  its  equivalent  to  be 
divided  between  the  other  counties 
mentioned.  The  total  product  of  Cali- 
fornia, including  this  year,  was  2,980,- 
042  barrels.  The  principal  oil-pro- 
ducing wells  were  at  Puente  and  Pico, 
Los  Angeles  county,  and  at  Sespe,  in 
Ventura  county. 

In  December,  in  Adams  canyon, 
Sespe,  a  well  being  drilled  spouted  oil 
seventy  feet  high,  from  a  reservoir 
tapped  by  the  drill  700  or  800  feet  be- 
low the  surface;  the  well  began  to 
yield  at  the  rate  of  800  barrels  per 
day.  Two  wells  in  San  Mateo  county 
each  yielded  a  small  quantity  of  oil.     . 

A  San  Francisco  newspaper  pub- 
lished the  following: 

An  Oil  Flow. — A  Los  Angeles  paper  says  : 
Reports  from  a  most  reliable  source  reach  this 
city  to  the  effect  that  the  oil  borers  in  Adams 
canyon,  in  the  Sespe  country,  Ventura  county, 
have  struck  it  rich.  The  flow,  as  Dame  Rumor 
represents,  equals  1100  barrels  a  daj'  for  the 
last  well  sunk.  It  is  said,  moreover,  that  the 
well  is  capped,  as  well  as  they  can  cap  it,  to 
keep  the  oil  from  flowing  in  even  larger  meas- 
ure. As  it  is,  there  is  no  means  at  hand  to 
take  care  of  such  a  Pactolean  stream  and  this 
richness  is  runniDg  wild  all  over  the  country. 
They  are  leading  it  into  all  sorts  of  natural 
receptacles  to  prevent  an  oleaginous  flood.  If 
this  is  true,  as  it  most  likely  is,  the  good 
news  is  of  the  highest  importance  to  this  sec- 
tion. 

The  Union  well,  .at  Buena  Vista, 
Kern  county,  one  and  a  half  miles  from 
the  Columbia,  was  drilled  in  1888  or 
1889.  At  720  feet,  while  driving  a 
pipe,  a  series  of  pulsations  began, 
which  caused  an  eruption  of  rocks  and 
an  escape  of  gas,  "  which  raged  and 
roared  for  half  a  day."  This  statement 
was  made  to  me  by  Mr.  Hambleton, 
who  was  there  at  the  time.  Some  of 
the  stones  ejected  might  have  weighed 
five  pounds.  Considered  as  ruined,  the 
well  was  abandoned.  Mr.  W.  E.  Youle, 
who  was  superintendent  in  1889,  thinks 
this  phenomenon  was  caused  by  the 
rising  of  water  in  the  pipe,  and  not  by 
gas.  He  has  had  a  similar  experience. 
He  thinks  that  if  the  eruption  had  been 
caused  by  gas,  it  should  have  occurred 
while  the  tools  were  still  penetrating 
the  earth  at  the  bottom  of  the  well. 
On  the  other  hand,  a  person  consider- 
ing the  matter  would  be  loath  to  admit 
that  a  rise  of  water  could  produce  a 
sufficient  rush  of  gas  to  eject. stones, 
or  would  have  continued  for  half  a  day, 
"  with  a  roaring  sound,  as  described. 
Mr.  Hambleton  was  quite  convinced 
that  there  was  a  genuine  escape  of 
gas. 

Deposits  of  gas  were  discovered  in 
Canyon  Diablo,  San  Miguellito,  the 
property  of  the  Ventura  Asphalt  Com- 
pany. 

■  A  large  deposit  of  bituminous  rock — 
so  called  —  was  discovered  in  Santa 
Cruz  county  during  the  winter. 

1889. — The  yield  for  this  year  was 
30  ,220  barrels,  making  a  total  of 
3.283,262  barrels  produced  so  far  in  the 
State. 

(To  be  Continued.) 


To  Operate  California  Mines. 


The  Nebraska  Gold  Mining  Company 
filed  articles  of  incorporation.  Its 
capital  stock  is  fixed  at  $500,000,  di- 
vided into  25,000  shares  of  the  par 
value  of  $20  each.  The  officers  and 
incorporators  are  Henry  W.  Brown, 
president;  John  Heimrich,  vice-presi- 
dent; John  Dern,  treasurer;  E.  H. 
Aires,  secretary,,  and  William  S. 
Brown,  the  same  persons  constituting 
the  board  of  directors,  and  all  of  Salt 
Lake  City  excepting  John  Heimrich 
and  William  S.  Brown,  who  are  resi- 
dents of  Nebraska.  The  property  of 
the  company  is  described  as  the  Ohio 
and  Mountain  Lion  Mining  claims, 
situated  in  Cottonwood  mining  district, 
Siskiyou  county,  California.  The  gen- 
eral offices  of  the  company  are  located 
at  Salt  Lake  City.— Salt  Lake  Tribune, 


Selby  Smelting 

nHiftL-and>iiiii 

Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

f\ssei-y    Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES    PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 


Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN     CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberltn  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/Wine  and  mill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &,  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 

Ay*-^  We  would  call  the  attention 
ii  of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-i 
lng  Companies,  Milling  Com- 
panies, Prospectors,  etc.,  to 
our  full  stock  of  Balances, 
Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scorifiers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  CJay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  K.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated.  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


■Jfi+ 

f       * 


t 


f 


J9   CARBONS'  t 

9   BLACK    DIAMONDS]% 
'  FOK  ~ 

DIAMOND  DRILLS. 


8K 


S.  D.  DESSAU, 

*  IMPORTER,  a 

*    -4 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILS0N  &  C0.,<©> 

— Manufacturers  of — 

STEAn   ENGINES,  BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 
•f    -f    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flour  MiUs,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IN  ««=  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


W.    H.    Birch    &    CO.   (Incorporated) 

Manufacturers  of 
Passenger  and  Freight  Elevators, 
Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Improved  Corlis3  Engines, 
Mining:  Machinery, 

Cable  Railway  Machinery. 
119  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FEANCISCO,  CAL, 


Febiuary  9,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Mechanical  Progress. 

The  Simplon  Tunnel. 


At  a  resent  meeting  of  the  Pacific 
Techni  al  Society,  at  their  rooms 
in  the  Academy  of  Sciences,  some  in- 
teresting notes  wore  read  on  the  great 
l  under  the  Simplon  between 
Switzerland  and  Italy.  This  will,  when 
completed,  be  the  longest  tunnel  in  the 
world  -1-1  miles,  as  against  !lj  miles 
for  i  lie  St.  Gothard,  nearly  8  miles  for 
the  .Mount  Cenis  and  -l,  miles  for  the 
ic.  As  proposed  by  the  report 
of  engineers  in  charge  of  the  prelimin- 
ary work,  the  two  tracks  will  not  be 
carried  in  a  single  large  tunnel,  but  in 
two  Bmaller  parallel  one-,,  58  feet  apart 
between  centers,  and  connected  every 
660  feet  by  crosscuts.  The  average 
area  of  the  section  of  each  of  the  tun- 
nels is  to  Ijr  about  250  square  feet,  the 
width  16  feet  5  inches  and  the  height 
18  feet.  Theplans  "f  the  contractors 
are  explained  at  length  in  a  recent 
issue  of  the  organ   of   the  Swiss   En- 

gin -s' Society,  and  are  quite  different 

from  the  methods  generally  adopted 
heretofore.  As  the  contract  calls  for 
the  completion  of  one  of  the  tunnels 
and  the  construction  of  a  working  gal- 
lery along  the  line  of  the  second  as  the 
first  portion  of  the  undertaking,  the 
contractors,  Brandt,  Brandau  &  Co., 
of  Hamburg,  have  decided  to  drive 
two  galleries  From  each  end  as  the 
basis  of  the  two  tunnels  and  to  connect 
these  every  660  feet  by  the  crosscuts, 
which  the  contract  calls  for.  One  gal- 
lery will  be  enlarged  immediately  to 
the  full  cross  section  to  form  tunnel  I. 
while  tunnel  II  will  be  completed  only 
when  the  first  no  longer  suffices  for 
the  traffic.  The  clear  section  of  gal- 
lery II  will  be  used  for  ventilation,  and 
as  it  has  an  area  of  8fi  square  feet,  it 
is  believed  to  be  ample  for  the  pur- 
pose. Its  entrance  will  be  closed  by 
doors  and  air  will  be  blown  into  it  by 
powerful  fans.  The  crosscuts  are  to 
be  closed,  except  the  two  end  ones,  so 
that  the  air  must  pass  in  through  gal- 
lery II  and  out  through  gallery  I,  thus 
maintaining  a  current  which  is  ex- 
pected to  ventilate  the  workings  suf- 
ficiently. The  material  excavated  in 
tunnel  I  is  to  be  taken  out  through  the 
same  tunnel  in  trains  drawn  by  steam 
engines,  which  will  go  back  to  the 
workings  through  gallery  II  and  the 
crosscuts.  Both  galleries  will  be 
driven  by  Brandt  hydraulic  drills, 
three  or  four  at  each. heading,  and  it  is 
expected  that  the  progress  made  with 
them  will  be  at  the  rate  of  19  feet  a 
day.  Recent  improvements  in  the 
drills  have  materially  shortened  the 
time  required  to  make  the  holes  for 
one  blast,  and  the  efficiency  of  the 
latter  is  increased  by  reason  of  im- 
provements in  explosives.  The  con- 
tractors also  expect  to  make  a  con- 
siderable saving  of  time  by  throwing 
the  blasted  rock  backward  with  hy- 
draulic power  at  the  moment  of  the  ex- 
plosion. Thus  the  rock,  instead  of 
lying  within  a  few  feet  of  the  face,  is 
scattered  back  for  some  distance,  and 
the  drills  can  be  set  up  again  in  a 
shorter  time.  The  tracks  laid  for 
carrying  rock  and  supplies  in  and  out 
of  the  galleries  are  connected  through 
each  crosscut,  and  have  a  gauge  of 
2  feet  7J  inches.  The  air  for  ventila- 
tion is  to  be  forced  into  the  tunnels  by 
two  18-foot  fans  at  each  portal,  and  a 
number  of  devices  are  to  be  employed 
to  make  the  progress  of  the  air 
through  the  workings  conform  to  the 
plan  laid  out.  For  doing  this  work  the 
contractors  are  to  receive  the  sum  of 
$9,040,000  when  the  tunnel  I  and  the 
gallery  II  are  complete,  and  if  this 
part  of  the  undertaking  is  not  com- 
pleted in  oi  years,  they  are  to  be  fined 
$1000  a  day  for  the  remainder  of  the 
working  period.  There  is  a  previous 
payment  of  SI, 251, 000  when  the  power 
plant  and  other  apparatus  for  working 
are  set  up,  but  the  large  payments  are 
not  due  until  the  first  tunnel  is  ready 
for  regular  traffic. 


Now  that  photographs  are  taken  of 
the  underground  workings  of  mines, 
the  proposition  of  Professor  Glusmatt 
to  use  aluminum  powder,  instead   of 


magnesium  wire,  for  producing  the 
necessary  light  will  be  found  of  inter- 
est, especially  as  aluminum  is  far 
cheaper  than  magnesium.  The  mixture 
recommended  is  the  following:  Alumi- 
num powder,  21.7  per  cent;  sulphate 
of  antimony,  13.8  per  cent,  and  chlorate 
of  potash,  114.5  percent.  The  combus- 
tion of  this  powder,  in  effecting  which 
great  precaution  is  necessary,  is  ex- 
cessively rapid — only  one-seventeenth 
of  a  second;  but  the  duration  may  be  in- 
creased to  one-fifth  of  a  second  by  mix- 
ing thirty  parts  of  aluminum  powder 
with  seventy  of  chlorate  of  potash. 

fTachinery  in    Business. 


"  The  desk  of  a  business  man  nowa- 
days is  quite  a  mass  of  machinery," 
says  the  manager  of  a  firm  of  engineers 
to  a  representative  of  Mmliin, n/. 
"Just  look  at  this  one  of  mine,  for 
example.  To  begin  with,  here  is 
a  phonograph,  into  which  I  dic- 
tate all  my  letters.  Afterwards  a 
young  woman,  who  acts  as  my  amanu- 
ensis, takes  the  cylinders  and  copies 
them  off.  For  communication  other- 
wise than  by  writing,  I  have  at  my 
hand  a  small  stand  which  supports  a 
telephone.  It  is  ornamental  and  mov- 
able. I  put  it  out  of  the  way  or  set  it 
in  front  of  me,  according  to  my  con- 
venience. With  this  little  instrument 
I  can  talk  from  my  desk  with  all  the 
world.  It  is  a  long-distance  telephone, 
and  with  it  I  can  call  up  Paris  as  well 
as  Liverpool.  Besides,  I  have  at  my 
other  elbow  a  similar  contrivance  for 
communicating  with  the  various  rooms 
under  my  superintendence  in  this  build- 
ing. At  a  moment's  notice  I  can  make 
connection  with  any  one  of  them  by 
sticking  the  plug  into  the  proper  place 
in  this  circuit  board.  My  desk  is  a 
center  to  which  ever  so  many  wires 
run  for  a  score  of  different  purposes. 
Some  of  them  furnish  me  with  electric 
lights,  others  give  power  to  my  elec- 
tric fan.  Overhead  you  notice  a  clock, 
which  at  noon  every  day  is  corrected 
by  electricity  from  the  Royal  Observa- 
tory. My  office  is  a  nest  of  machines 
and  wires,  the  latter  reaching  out  to 
the  uttermost  ends  of  the  earth.  For, 
by  means  of  this  telegraph  sounder  at 
my  left  hand,  I  can  transmit  intelli- 
gence to  America,  to  India,  to  New 
Zealand  or  to  Hongkong.  It  is  not 
without  reason  that  this  is  called  the 
age  of  mechanical  civilization." 


A  320-H.  P.  Gas  Engine. 


The  flour  mills  of  M.  Leblanc,  at  Pan- 
tin,  France,  have  been  provided  with  a 
320-horse  power  fuel-gas  engine  of  the 
Simplex  type.  The  machinery  and  gas 
generators  are  arranged  for  continuous 
working,  day  and  night.  The  gas  is 
washed  and  scrubbed  and  run  into  a 
gas  holder.  There  is  no  india  rubber 
in  the  apparatus.  With  coal  gas  the 
machine  gives  450-horse  power.  There 
is  one  cylinder,  34.8  inches  in  diameter; 
the  piston  stroke  is  40  inches,  and  the 
speed  100  revolutions  per  minute. 
Special  arrangements  have  had  to  be 
devised  in  order  to  keep  the  different 
parts  of  the  machine  at  appropriate 
temperatures.  The  coal  used  is  0.812 
lb.  per  indicated,  or  1.03  lb.  per  brake 
horse  power.  The  water  used  is  8f- 
gallons  per  brake  horse  power  per 
hour.  After  a  three-months'  run  the 
tests  were  repeated  and  then  gave 
even  more  favorable  results.  Every- 
thing is  done  by  machinery  in  these 
mills,  and  the  gas  engine  also  runs  the 
pumps  and  300  glow  lamps.  The  con- 
sumption of  coal  is  remarkably  small  as 
compared  with  that  of  steam  engines 
of  the  same  power.  Anthracite  is  un- 
necessary, for  the  new  generators  de- 
vised by  the  Buire-Lencauchez  need 
only  poor  coal,  at  half  the  price  of 
anthracite.  Better  coal  yields  too 
much  tar,  which  is  difficult  to  deal 
with;  and  the  problem  of  the  future  is 
to  use  small  coal  and  coal  dust. 


Gas  Motor  on  Shipboard. 


A  novel  method  of  using  coal  gas  in 
navigation  has  been  successfully  tried 
at  Havre,  France,  for  a  syndicate  of 
capitalists.  An  iron  boat  of  350  tons 
was  built,  a  vertical 'gas  motor  oi  forty 


H.  P.  furnishing  the  power.  Coal  gas 
compressed  to  a  pressure  of  1400 
pounds  per  square  inch  is  stored  in 
steel  tubes  placed  between  decks,  and 
a  regulator  situated  between  the  gas 
reservoir  and  the  motor  reduces  the 
pressure  of  the  gas  entering  the  motor 
to  the  flow  ordinarily  required.  Trials 
have  been  made  with  this  boat  in  pres- 
ence of  the  mayor  of  Havre  and  the 
harbor  officials,  and  the  result  was 
absolutely  conclusive.  This  new  boat, 
christened  L'Idee  (The  Idea),  has  been 
over  the  course  from  Harfleur  to  Rouen 
and  behaved  perfectly.  It  was  a  source 
of  wonder  to  all  to  see  her  wending  her 
way  among  the  large  vessels  in  port  at 
full  speed  without  noise  and  without 
smoke.  The  captain  has  full  control 
over  his  vessel  from  the  bridge.  He 
can  change  her  course,  slacken  or  in- 
crease her  speed,  and  stop  or  even  go 
backward  almost  instantaneously, 
thanks  to  the  reversible  screw.  Before 
long  a  flotilla  of  sixty  similar  boats  will 
perform  a  regular  service  between 
Paris  and  Havre  and  Paris  and  Creil. 
Gas  works  are  building  along  these 
routes,  and  will  supply  the  gas  accord- 
ing to  the  needs  of  the  service.  The 
cost  of  power  will  be  more  economical 
than  any  other,  but  the  chief  saving 
will  be  effected  in  the  comparatively 
small  room  taken  up  by  the  motor, 
allowing  considerable  more  freight  to 
be  taken  in.  A  remarkable  fact,  worthy 
of  notice,  is  that  pure  coal  gas,  com- 
pressed to  a  pressure  of  as  high  as  2000 
pounds  per  square  inch,  does  not  show 
an  appreciable  condensation. 

Pipe  Bending. 


Small  iron  pipes,  up  to  one  inch  in 
diameter,  may  be  bent  cold  and  even 
coiled  by  winding  them  around  a  man- 
drel in  a  lathe,  provided  the  diameter 
of  the  coil  is  at  least  nine  or  ten  times 
the  diameter  of  the  pipe  to  be  bent. 
Short  bends  in  iron,  brass  and  lead 
pipes  are  apt  to  flatten  at  the  bend. 
This  is  frequently  prevented  by  filling 
the  pipe  with  lead,  which  must  be 
melted  out  after  the  bending  has  been 
completed.  A  set  of  "bending  coils" 
can  be  easily  made  by  any  machinist 
for  use  when  occasion  demands.  A 
separate  coil  is  needed  for  each  size  of 
pipe  to  be  operated  upon.  Steel  wire  is 
wound  into  a  coil,  which  will  slide  easily 
inside  of  the  pipe  to  be  bent.  One  end 
of  the  coil  should  be  tapered  to  allow 
it  to  enter  the  pipe  easily.  The  other 
end  ought  to  be  fitted  with  an  eye 
turned  in  the  end  of  the  wire.  Into 
this  eye  a  cord  or  chain  must  be  fas- 
tened, so  the  coil  may  be  pulled  out  of 
the  pipe  after  bending.  The  pulling 
out  of  the  coil  does  not  require  as  much 
power,  after  the  bending,  as  would  be 
supposed,  because  the  pulling  of  the 
coil  lengthwise  causes  a  decrease  in  the 
diameter  of  the  coil,  which  permits  it 
to  be  drawn  easily  out  of  the  bent  pipe. 
Wire  one-eighth  of  an  inch  in  diameter 
should  be  used  for  a  bending  coil  for  a 
pipe  one  inch  in  diameter;  for  one  and 
one-half  inch  pipes,  one-quarter  inch 
should  be  used. 


The  most  powerful  dynamo  ever  con- 
structed in  the  world  has  been  shipped 
to  the  Niagara  Falls  Power  Company 
and  the  Cataract  Construction  Com- 
pany. This  mammoth  electrical  gen- 
erator is  one  of  three  to  be  attached  to 
the  monster  5000-horse  power  turbines 
built  and  placed  in  the  wheel  pits  of 
the  power  company. 

Judge  Grosscup,  in  the  U.  S.  Cir- 
cuit Court  at  Chicago,  has  declared  the 
Thomson-Houston  Regulator  patent  in- 
valid. 


20-Stamp  Mill   for  Sale. 

In  Southern  California,  a  20-stamp  Gold  Quartz 
Mill,  with  engine,  holier,  self-feeders,  rock- 
breaker,  etc. 

As  the  premises  are  adjacent  to  Railroad,  the 
Mill  could  be  conveniently  removed.  Can  be  had 
at  low  price  for  cash.  Address:  "Quartz  Mill," 
care  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  San  Fran- 
oisco. 


F^OR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnaoe. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  Iron,  lead  lined, 
1  set  Krom  Rolls, 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time.    For  sale 
c»sap.    Address       L.  C.  5.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Pr«s  Ollice,  s,  F, 


Founded  by  Afathew  Carey,  1785. 
HKNKY     C.VKKY     IIAIRD     &     CO., 

Industrial  Publishers,  Booksellers  and 
Importers. 
8io  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  1T.  s.  a. 
*S"OurNewand  Revis.-d  Catalogue  of  Practu-nl 
and  Scientific  Hooks.  KfcPupes.  8vo.,  and  our  other 
Catalogues  uod  Circulars,  the  whole  cover  iuj;  every 
branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and 
free  of  postage  to  uny  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 

THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

TBAOI    MARK. 


<M?ARTHUR-F0RRESr  MOSUO 

MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -        £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  unbeatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  aDd  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  S  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  new  York. 


Trade  Mark. 


CYANIDE 


POTASSIUM, 

Ferrlcyanlde  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  Other  Chemicals. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


Pioneer  Screen  Works! 
JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  "Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel,  RuBBia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

**♦ MIKING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

221  and  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  1 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron.  Zinc.  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


Business    College, 
24  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY -FIVE    DOLLARS 

ThiB  College  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type- Writing 
Bookkeeping.  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing-, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  Bix  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering: 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


IMussell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


INVENTORS,      TaKe>       Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

226  Market  St..  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasswprk.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  wnfldrntinl 


90 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  9,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 


Mining  Items.— Record:  South  Eureka— 
The  contract  for  sinking  the  shaft  150  feet 
deeper,  more  or  less,  was  let  last  Monday. 
There  were  about  twenty  bids  received.  The 
following-named  persons  constitute  the  crew 
to  whom  the  contract  was  awarded,  they  being 
the  lowest  bidders:  John  A.  Bennetts,  Nick 
Baleovich,  S.  H.  Hoskius,  John  Cheuoweth, 
.lames  Dabb,  Amos  Treloar,  Thomas  Trevana, 
John  Rodda,  John  Marchetti.  The  contract 
price  is  $11  per  foot,  contractors  to  furnish 
powder,  candles,  caps  and  fuse.  While  this 
is  considered  a  low  figure,  it  is  claimed  that 
thev  can  make  small  wages—  from  §2.25  to  $2.50 
per'day.  The  shaft  is  down  1)00  feet,  and  this 
sinking  will  carry  it  to  about  1050  feet.  The 
total  cost  of  sinking  to  the  company  will  ex- 
ceed §20  per  foot.  It  is  pleasing  to  he  able  to 
state  that  the  prospects  are  flattering  that 
the  South  Eureka  will  prove  one  of  the  best 
paying  mines  in  tbe  county  in  a  year  or  two. 
One  level  at  750  feet  has  been  opened,  showing 
a  flue  ore  body.  It  is  the  intention  to  open  up 
another  level  at  a  great  depth,  and  this 
development  is  expected  to  be  equal  to  keep  a 
mill  running  steadily.  It  is  the  intention  to 
erect  a  mill  this  spring,  of  what  capacity  we 
have  not  heard. 

Kennedy.— This  mine  continues  to  yield  its 
usual  generous  quantity  of  the  precious  metal 
monthly.  Notwithstanding  the  heavy  flow  of 
water,  consequent  upon  the  unusually  heavy 
rainfall,  no  difficulty  has  been  experienced  in 
handling  it,  thanks  to  the  existence  of  two 
working  shafts.  The  lowest  drift  is  at  the 
1750  foot  level,  hut  nostopinghas  been  done 
there  as  yet,  and  it  is  not  probable  that  any 
will  be  done  tor  a  year  or  more  yet.  A  station 
has  been  cut  at  the  1S50  level.  The  south 
shaft  is  down  1050  feet  and  the  north  shaft  is 
now  being  sunk  to  the  same  depth. 
-MiscELLANKors. — The  steam  whistle  of  the 
Anita  mine  was  heard  for  the  first  time  this 
week.  This  makes  five  mine  whistles  within 
hearing  of  Jackson,  namely,  Kenuedy,  Zeile, 
Alma,  Argonaut,  and  Anita.  The  draining  of 
the  Anita  shaft  is  in  progress,  and  sinking  will 
be  resumed  in  a  few  days. 

The  water  in  the  Zeile  shaft  has  slacked  up 
since  the  heavy  rains  ceased.  It  is  still  very 
strong,  however,  requiring  the  constant  ac- 
tivity of  the  pumps  to  control  it.  The  repair- 
ing of  the  shaft  has  reached  the  700  level, 
about  one-third  of  the  entire  distance.  It  will 
be  two  months  before  mining  can  be  resumed.  | 

J.  Benardis  is  operating  the  Maximillian  j 
quartz  claim,  near  Sutter  Creek.  He  keeps  a  i 
three-stamp  mill  at  work,  and  is  feeling  his"  j 
way  cautiously  to  a  bigger  venture.  The  prop-  j 
erty  is  on  the  east  vein  of  the  mother  lode—  | 
low  grade  rock,  but  vast  quantities  of  it. 

The  case  of  Amador  Gold  Mine  vs.  Amador 
Gold  Mine  Limited,  is  on  appeal  before  the 
Supreme  Court.  The  transcript  on  appeal  was 
filed  in  the  higher  court  last  week. 

Pipe  laying  to  convey  water  from  the  Oneida 
Hill  to  the  Argonaut  mine  was  resumed  last 
week. 

Inyo. 

At  Mountain  Spring,  on  the  east  side  of 
Salt  Wells  valley,  on  thR  old  Darwin  stage 
road,  about  twenty  miles  from  Indian  Wells, 
there  are  about  fifty  men  in  the  new  camp  and 
more  are  goiug  there.  There  has  also  been  a 
revival  of  the  old  mines  about  fifteen  miles 
west  of  the  stage  station  at  Red  Rock.  These 
mines  were  worked  many  years  ago  and 
abandoned.  The  old  tunnels  have  been 
cleared  out  and  good  strikes  of  ore  are  re- 
ported. P.  Fitzgerald  and  W.  Smith  have 
struck  a  good  mine  about  two  miles  west  of 
Modock,  which  will  yield  a  large  quantity  of 
good  ore  carrying  both  gold  and  silver.  The 
Sorba  mine,  at  Darwin,  owned  by  D.  C.  Lane, 
is  being  exclusively  developed  and  put  in  con- 
dition to  be  worked  on  a  large  scale.  It  is 
said  that  J.  J.  Morton  has  an  excellent  prop- 
erty at  Snows  Canyon,  a  rich  strike  having 
been  recently  made.  There  is  a  good  deal  of 
activity  in  mining  interests  all  over  southern 
Inyo  and  1S05  will  undoubtedly  be  a  pros- 
perous year. 

Placer. 

The  Marguerite  Mine.— Republican:  Some 
very  fine  rock  from  the  Marguerite  mine  is  ex- 
hibited by  its  president,  Geo.  Schmitt.  The 
owners  of  this  mine  are  much  encouraged 
from  the  present  development.  A  new  pump 
will  immediately  be  put  in  to  clear  the  mine 
of  water,  and  soon  a  chlorination  works  will  be 
erected  to  reduce  the  ore.  The  right  kind  of 
men  have  hold  of  this  mine,  and  if  there  is 
anything  in  it  they  will  find  it  out. 

Not  Consistent.—  Herald:  The  anti-debris 
men  of  the  valley  are  doing  everything  in 
their  power  to  prevent  the  Legislature  from 
making  an  appropriation  to  construct  dams  for 
the  impounding  of  debris  from  the  hydraulic 
mines.  We  have  heard  of  hogs  but  they  take 
the  cake.  They  claim  it  a  private  industry 
and  that  the  proposition  has  no  right  to  receive 
financial  support  from  the  Goverment.  They 
lose  sight  if  the  fact  that  the  dams  are  for 
their  own  protection  and  not  the  miner's ;  that 
it  is  to  keep  the  debris  from  ruining  ( i)  their 
land  and  filling  the  river  beds.  Why  not 
"live  and  let  live  ? »'  Why  do  the  valley  peo- 
ple keep  agitating  this  question  when  they 
know— if  they  would  admit  the  truth— that  bv 
construction  of  dams  their  lands  and  river's 
are  safe  ?  Come,  neighbors  of  the  valley, 
give  the  miner  a  chance. 

Sierra. 

At  Alleuuanv.— Tidings:  Matters  are  at  a 
comparative  standstill  in  camp  at  present  on 
account  of  the  storm.  Snow  is  still  about  ten 
feet  deep  at  Kanaka  creek,  where  are  located 
Beveral  mines  and  mills,  The  Gold  King  mine, 


the  Rising  Sun  and  the  El  Dorado,  have  each 
erected  a  ten-stamp  mill  -during  the  past  year, 
the  two  former  running  by  steam  power,  the 
latter  by  water.  The  Mariposa,  on  the  same 
creek,  has  no  mill,  hut  the  owners  have  been 
working  quite  a  force  of  men  in  developing 
the  mine,  with  bright  prospects  ahead.  The 
El  Dorado  has  sufficient  ore  on  its  dump  to 
keep  the  mill  running  for  four  or  five  months. 
The  Gold  King  and  Rising  Sun  are  also  taking 
enough  good  rock  from  their  properties  to  keep 
their  mills  at  work.  The  last  storm  continued 
without  cessation  for  eight  or  nine  days,  and 
by  recent  slides  the  water  ditches  became 
blocked.  It  is  thought  that  the  prospects 
about  Alleghany  for  the  coming  season  are  ex- 
cellent. The  mills  now  in  operation  will  prove 
that  profitable  workings  are  possible,  and 
this  will  stimulate  development  work  in  other 
mines,  and  prospecting  on  all  sides  will  be  re- 
sumed. 

The  Lake  "Valley  mine  did  a  great  deal  of 
preparatory  work  last  fall  and  summer.  A 
sawmill  and  a  roaster  were  erected.  The 
framework  of  a  20-stamp  mill  is  up  and  an 
electric  power  plant  on  the  ground,  but  not  in 
position. 

San  liernardino. 

C.  O.  Barker  of  Banning  and  J.  C.  Fish  are 
the  owners  of  the  Somerfield  gold  mine  near 
Salton  on  the  Colorado  desert.  This  property 
has  been  developed  by  a  shaft  300  feet  deep, 
and  at  that  depth  a  drift  is  being  run,  all 
in  ore. 

Mr.  Stewart,  who  formerly  owned  the  store 
at  Keystone,  has  bought*  the  rive-stamp 
Shadow  Mountain  mill,  and  as  soon  as  a  few 
alterations  are  made  will  start  up  the  mill  on 
ores  of  that  district.  The  mill  is  eight  miles 
distant  from  the  principal  mines. 

Both  the  Bronze  and  Boomerang  mines  at 
Vanderbilt  reduced  their  force  of  miners 
during  Christmas  and  New  Year  weeks,  and 
have  put  very  few  of  them  back  to  work  again. 
There  are  several  idle  men  in  camp  and  more 
coming  in  daily,  most  of  them  needing  work 
very  badly. 

The  Holcomb  Valley  Gold  Company  has  had 
supplies  cut  short  by  the  storms,  the  road  to 
Holcomb  being  completely  blocked  by  large 
piles  of  snow.  The  company  expected  to  get 
in  all  their  new  machinery  this  winter,  to 
make  an  early  start  in  the  spring,  but  it  is 
doubtful  now  if  they  will  be  able  to  accom- 
plish it.  They  are  sinking  several  shafts,  a 
large  one  for  water  and  another  (the  Nelson) 
for  bedrock.  When  they  reach  the  deep  bed- 
rock you  may  expect  to  see  the  yellow  metal 
at  a  discount. 

Metzger  Bros,  have  been  working  their  two- 
stamp  mill  successfully,  now  having  plenty  of 
water. 

" Lucky"  Baldwin  and  the  Budd  Doble 
Company  have  split  on  terms.  Doble  has  dis- 
solved his  company  and  will  haul  away  what 
preliminary  machinery  they  had  on  the 
ground.  Baldwin  is  said  to  be  forming  a  com- 
pany of  his  own,  to  start  the  old  Gold  Moun- 
tain mines  again  in  the  spring. 

The  Black  Hawk  gold  district  is  coming  to 
the  front  again.  Two  important  strikes  have 
been  made  within  the  past  few  weeks. 

Joseph  Zanini  and  brother  have  a  chloriding 
contract  on  one  of  the  Black  Hawk  Company's 
mines  (the 'Santa  Fe);.      They  have  struck  a: 
large,  rich  body  of  gold  ore  and  are  now  arras-  I 
traing  some  of  the  richer  rock.      The  strike  is  [ 
of  considerable  importance,  as  it   is  in  a  good,  i 
solid  formation  and  the  highest  point  on  the  j 
company's  ground.      The  ore  runs  from  §20  to 
$100  per  ton. 

O.  C.  Leach  has  made  another  rich  strike 
on  his  Opera  mine,  the  eastern  extension  of 
the  Black  Hawk  group.  He  has  uncovered  a 
vein  of  considerable  width,  two  feet  of  which 
is  high-grade  gold  ore,  perfectly  free  milling 
and  soft.  The  foot  wall  has  a  nice  clay  wall 
and  gives  every  indication  of  a  permanent 
body.  The  ore  has  not  yet  been  assayed,  but 
from  panning,  tests  would  indicate  $50  per 
ton. 

The  Morongo  Gold  Company,  Moron  go  min- 
ing district,  have  settled  their  difficulties  and 
paid  up.  Judge  Campbell  has  now  the  man- 
agement. The  company  have  let  a  contract  to 
run  a  tunnel  some  400  feet  to  connect  with 
two  shafts  now  down  170  feet  each.  This  will 
give  good  air,  and  at  the  same  time  develop 
the  mine.  They  expect  to  start  up  their  ten- 
stamp  mill  in  the  spring. 

The,  Altuma  Gold  Company  of  the  same  dis- 
have  also  let  a  contract  to  strike  their  ore 
ledge  at  the  depth  of  300  feet  by  running  a 
tunnel  some  200  feet.  They  then  intend  to 
upraise  on  the  vein  to  the  100-foot  level.  They 
think  this  will  open  up  enough  ore  bodies  to 
justify  good  reduction  works. 

The  Rose  mine  people  were  about  to  start 
up  their  mill  on  their  new  strike  at  425  feet 
in  depth,  when  the  snow  intervened.  F.  A. 
Reed  has  been  appointed  mill  superintendent. 
The  snow  did  not  fall  so  heavily  in  this  part  of 
the  county,  and  they  expect  to  commence 
operations  in  a  few  days. 

NEVADA. 

The  following  is  condensed  from  official 
weekly  reports:  Consolidated  California  & 
Virginia— 1050  level— Have  continued  to  stope 
out  ore  from  the  new  ore  body  above  and  be- 
low the  sill  floor  of  this  level  from  the  sixth 
floor  up  to  the  twelfth  floor.  On  the  twelfth 
floor  a  south  drift  started  at  the  south  end  of 
the  stopes  has  been  advanced  1(1  feet  in  a 
quartz  formation  which  assays  §15  per  ton. 
On  the  ninth  floor,  which  is*  the  first  floor 
above  the  sill  floor  of  this  level,  the  south 
drift  has  been  advanced  15  feet;  total  length, 
65  feet;  face  in  porphyry  and.  quartz  of  low 
grade.  At  a  point  in  this  south  drift  10  feet 
back  from  its  face  have  excavated  out  on  the 
east  side  in  ore  averaging  §40  per  ton.  1750 
level— Have  stoped  ore  from  both  sides  of  the 
winze  sunk  from  the  1700  level  north  and 
south,  from  the  second  floor  up  to  the  seventh 
floor.  The  ore  in  this  range  has  depreciated 
in  value.  On  the  fourth  floor  a  north  drift 
started  at  the  north  end  of  the  stopes  has 
been  advanced  15  feet  to  a  point  30  feet  north 
from  the  winze,   running   in  quart/,   of  low 


grade.  Have  extracted  during  the  week  350 
tons  of  ore,  the  average  value  of  which  per 
mine  car  samples  was  §43. S9  per  ton.  Have 
resumed  shipping  ore  to  the  Morgan '  mill, 
.  which  resumed  running  February  0th. 

In  the  Opb.ir  mine  some  quartz  carrying  a 
low  assay  is  still  being  cut  while  prospecting 
above  the  1465-foot  level.  In  the  Central 
tunnel  workings  of  the  mine  work  in  the  face 
of  the  northeast  drift  No.  3,  from  the  south- 
east drift,  on  the  250-foot  level,  has  cut 
through  clay  and  tapped  a  flow  of  about  five 
miner's  inches  of  water,  which  has  tempo- 
rarily stopped  work  at  this  point.  At  a  point 
in  this  drift,  46  feet  in  from  its  mouth,  a  north 
drift  has  been  advanced  17  feet,  and  its  face 
is  in  an  old  stope  showing  fillings  assaying  §H 
per  ton.  The  work  117  feet  above  the  tunnel 
level  in  the  northwestern  part  of  the  Ophir 
ground  has  been  confined  to  the  repairing  of 
drifts  and  other  openings.  On  and  above  the 
1405  level  of  the  Mexican  mine  there  have 
been  no  changes  during  the  week.  As  joint 
work  with  the  Ophir  Company,  are  making 
repairs  in  the  Ophir  shaft  at  the  1100-foot 
level  and  upward. 

In  the  Hale  &  Norcross  mine,  on  the  975- 
foot  level,  the  streak  of  good  ore  in  the  face 
of  the  south  drift  from  No.  1  west  crosscut 
continues  the  same  as  previously  reported. 
Have  opened  a  small  station  30  feet  below  the 
075-foot  level,  in  the  upraise  from  the  1100- 
foot  level,  and  have  started  a  west  crosscut 
for  the  purpose  of  intersecting  this  ore  streak 
at  the  additional  depth.  This  crosscut  was 
out  10  feet  at  the  close  of  last  week,  and  its 
face  was  in  porphyry  and  stringers  of  quartz. 
During  the  week  have  extracted  from  the  075 
level  of  the  Norcross  seven  cars  of  ore,  which 
averaged,  per  car  sample,  §54. 2S  per  ton.  In 
the  Best  &  Belcher  mine,  on  the  250-foot 
level,  the  north  drift  from  the  bottom  of  the 
joint  Gould  &  Curry  winze  is  out  56  feet, 
passing  through  porphyry  aud  quartz,  and  the 
south  drift,  which  the  Gould  &  Curry  Com- 
pany is  running  from  the  same  point*  is  out 
38  feet  in  the  same  material. 

In  the  Sierra  Nevada  mine  the  northwest 
lateral  drift  from  the  Lay  ton  tunnel  has 
reached  the  footwall,  and  at  a  point  340  feet 
from  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel  a  southwest 
drift  has  been  started,  with  the  face  in  low- 
grade  quartz. 

On  the  000-foot  level  of  the  Union  shaft  the 
joint  west  crosscut  from  the  south  lateral 
drift,  1520  feet  west  of  the  shaft,  is  in  469 
feet,  with  the  face  in  clay,  quartz,  porphyry 
and  a  little  water. 

In  the  Chollar  during  the  week  extracted 
221  tons  of  ore :  average  value  per  battery 
sample,  §29.64.  The  south  drift  on  the  third 
floor  above  the  550  level  is  out  61  feet.  It  has 
cut  in  its  course  a  length  of  15  feet  of  fair- 
grade  ore  abput  two  feet  wide.  Shipped  to 
Carsou  Mint  bullion  of  the  par  value  of 
§66.54.76,  giving  coin  returns  of  §3924.10. 

In  the  Bullion  mine  the  west  drift,  S20  sta- 
tion, Ward  shaft,  has  been  extended  15  feet 
during  the  week;  total  length,  1359  feet:  face 
in  hard  porphyry. 

Id  the  Alpha  Con.  mine,  have  advanced  the 
north  lateral  drift  on  the  450  level  15  feet; 
total  length,  115  feet;  face  in  porphyry  and 
quartz. 

In  the  Justice  mine  the  header  in  branch 
'drift  from  the  main  tunnel  was  advanced  25 
feet.  Have  broken  in  the  mine  and  have 
ready  for  shipment  about  125  tons  of  ore.  The 
Washoe  mill  resumed  crushing  ore  on  January 
29th. 

In  the  Occidental,  from  the  west  ledge 
above  the  400  level  they  have  extracted  about 
six  tons  of  ore  of  the  average  assay  value  of 
§27  per  tou,  as  per  car  sample.  The  west 
crosscut  on  the  500  level,  at  a  point  105  feet 
west  of  main  ledge,  has  developed  a  new 
ledge  showing  about  two  feet  of  ore,  which 
gives  average  assays  of  about  §30  per  ton. 
Have  commenced  to  drift  on  the  new  find 
both  north  and  south. 

In  the  Alta  they  have  hoisted  and  delivered 
to  the  mill  55  cars  of  ore  from  the  S25  level, 
the  average  value  of  which,  according  to  car 
samples,  is  §30. 2S  per  ton.  The  ore  body  is 
extending  south  and  looking  well.  Started 
the  mill  on  the  28th  ult.  Battery  samples 
average  §28.86. 

On  ttie  Comstock, — Dan  DeQuille  writes: 
There  is  little  change  in  the  mining  outlook. 
Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia  is  still  in  the  lead  and 
is  yielding  about  the  usual  quantity  and  qual- 
ity of  ore. 

The  Savage  mine  is  showing  improvement 
above  the  1050  level,  where  ore  assaying 
§2S.7S  is  being  obtained. 

The  Crown  Point  is  yielding  nearly  600  tons 
of  gold  quartz  per  week.  This  ore  pays  very 
regularly  a  little  over  §9  a  ton. 

The  Alta  mill  has  started  up  on  ore,  the 
average  assays  of  which  are  over  §32  a  ton. 
All  the  ore  bins  are  full  to  overflowing. 

The  Justice  mine  is  now  yielding  over  100 
tons  a  week  of  ore  that  pays  §10  a  ton. 

The  Hale  &  Norcross,  Chollar,  Potosi,  Occi- 
dental and  other  mines  that  are  producing  ore 
are  yielding  about  as  usual.  Exploration 
work  in  other  mines  gives  employment  to  a 
considerable  number  of  men.  Still  there  are 
on  the  lode  a  great  number  of  idle  mines. 
There  is  little  chance  of  these  finding  work 
here,  though  many  among  them  are  old  and 
experienced  miners.  Occasionally  some  of 
these  men  are  sent  for  to  fill  good  positions  in 
Mexico  aud  other  mining  countries.  Com- 
stockeis  in  other  lands  who  are  in  a  position 
to  employ  men  do  not  forget  old  friends  on  the 
mother  lode. 

TheDeLamar,  Monkey  Wrench  or  Fergu- 
son district  has  become  celebrated  for  its  rich 
gold  mines  during  the  past  two  years.  It  is  a 
young  gold  field,  not  being  over  two  or  three 
years  old,  but  it  is  one  of  the  most  promising 
regions  in  the  State.  The  town  of  DeLamar 
is  located  among  the  mines  and  is  a  flourish- 
ing camp.  It  is  probably  100  miles  from 
Pioche,  and  is  only  reached  after  a  long  stage 
journey.  There  are  something  like  800  men 
in  the  district  of  DeLamar  at  present.  The 
April  Fool  and  Jim  Crow  are  two  of  the  lead- 
ing mines  in  the  district. 


The  Lane-Hayward-Campbell  Company  are 
talking  strongly  of  putting  up  a  100-stamp 
mill  on  their  Silver  Bow  Basin  property.  The 
handsome  little  fortune  which  has  partly  been 
taken  and  partly  now  lies  revealed  in  Fuller 
First,  demonstrates  the  great  value  of  this 
group  of  claims,  and  the  proprietors  do  not  in- 
tend that  the  §500,000  recently  paid  for  them 
shall  very  long  remain  there  uncovered. 

N.  S.  Trowbridge,  superintendent  of  the 
Bald  Eagle  Mining  Company  at  Sum  Dum.  in 
his  report  to  the  company,  has  recommended 
the  construction  of  a  ten-stamp  mill  on  the 
property,  and  preparations  are  now  being 
made  for  its  erection  as  early  in  the  spring  as 
the  weather  will  permit.  The  returns  on  the 
ore  shipped  by  this  company  to  the  smelter  at 
San  Francisco  last  summer  were  very  satis- 
factory, and  it  is  from  this  and  the  superin- 
tendent's report  that  the  company  has  de- 
cided to  put  up  a  mill. 

ARIZONA. 

The  Antelope  mine,  situated  in  Pinal 
county,  and  belonging  to  Tucson  parties,  is 
now  about  in  order  for  making  money  for  its 
owners.  The  assays  have  always  been  rich 
enough  and  the  deposits  of  extent  to  gratify 
the  possessors.  The  gold  is  so  fine,  however, 
that  it  has  been  saved  with  difficulty,  and  a 
good  deal  was  lost  in  the  slimes.  It  is  said 
that  by  the  present  process  of  cyanide  work- 
ings, with  steel  Cornish  rolls,  that  eighty  per 
cent  of  the  gold  can  be  saved.  Two  cyanide 
tanks  are  now  in  process  of  construction  in 
Prescott.  Iron  rolls  were  tried  at  the  mill, 
but  they  did  not  prove  a  success.  They  will 
therefore  be  replaced  with  steel  rolls  as  soon 
as  the  latter  arrive. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

A  Gold    Bonanza.— Butte  Tnter-Mountain: 
There  is  a  mine  located  in  the  West  Kootenai 
district,    British  Columbia,  which  has  a  won- 
derful history— the   War  Eagle.     It  is  owned 
by  P.  Clark  of  Spokane  and  some  Montana  men. 
It  was  bonded  hy  Mr.  Clark  in  May  last  year 
for  §23,750,  developed  by  him  by  a  series  of  (tun- 
nels and  paid  for  before  the  bond  expired.  Since 
that   time   it  has  developed  a  wonderful  rich- 
ness, and  promises  to  be  a  producer  for  years. 
It  is  already  a  steady  shipper,  and  is  now  pro- 
ducing fifty  tons  a  day,  which  are  shipped  over 
the  Spokane  &  Northern  and  Great  Northern 
to  Great  Falls,  where  the  smelter  runs  -show 
it  to  average  §43  in  gold,  §5  in  copper  aud  §2  in 
silver.    There  are  sevenfeetof  that  sort  bf  ore 
in  the  mine.     So  far  the  total  cost  of  mining, 
hauling  and   reduction  is  §20  per  ton,  which 
leaves  a  net  profit  of  §30,  so  that  on  the  present 
j  output  of   fifty   tons  per  day  there  is  a  clear 
I  dividend  of  §1,500  a  day  for  the  stockholders. 
I  There  is  no  stock  deal  on,  the  gentlemen  who 
J  own  the  shares  are  on  Easy  street.  The  history 
I  of  the  transaction,    viewed   in   the    light    of 
|  results,   is  wonderful.     Mr.   Clark   knew  the 
ground  was  rich,  but  he  had  to  wait  Eon  over  a 
I  year  till  the  former  holders  of  the  boud  on  the 
property  threw  it  up  as  a  losing  venture.    The 
pay  ore  was  a  little  farther  up  the  hill,  and  at. 
the  proper  time  Clark  went  straight  to   the 
spot  and   began   taking  out  gold.     He  struck 
the  Poorman  ledge  in  Canyon  creek  the  same 
way. 

Tkail  Cheek  District. — The  Le  Koi  is  pro- 
ducing aud  shipping  an  average  of  thirty  tons 
of  ore  a  day.  The  main  shaft  is  down  355  feet 
and  the  company  is  pushing  the  work  on  the 
300  and  350  foot  levels,  with  a  force  of  fifty 
men. 

The  ore  from  the  Le  Roi  at  present  comes 
down  over  the  Spokane  Falls  &  Northern  rail- 
road and  goes  to  the  United  Smelting  and 
Refining  Company's  works  at  Helena,  netting 
a  satisfactory  profit. 

COLORADO. 

Yosemite Placer  Mines.—  At  the  Yosemito, 
on  the  line  of  Gilpin  and  Boulder  counties,  27 
miles  from  Denver,  last  season  they  ran  two 
streams  from  a  four-inch  and  a*  five-inch 
nozzle,  under  125-foot  head  of  water.  The 
Denver  Republican  says : 

"While  California  is  looking  to  it  that 
Colorado  does  not  pass  it  in  the  quantity  of 
gold  produced  this  year,  Colorado  miners  are 
beginning  to  employ  the  methods  of  the  Cali- 
fornia placer  miner  in  working  the  gold- 
bearing  bars.  While  Colorado  teaches  the 
world  how  to  mine  and  smelt  silver  and  gold 
when  found  together  in  lode  ores,  California 
has  best  learned  the  value  of  placer  ground 
and  how  best  to  work  it.  Her  miners  know 
that  the  few  cents'  worth  of  gold  in  a  yard  of 
dirt  cannot  he  shoveled  into  a  sluice  and 
washed  with  any  degree  of  profit,  and  appre- 
ciate the  importance  of  first  making  large  ex- 
penditures for  hydraulics,  and  they  have  built 
great  plants  of  this  nature  in  great  number. 
Colorado,  on  the  other  hand,  has  attended  to 
advancing  the  silver  industry,  and  few  hy- 
draulic plants  worthy  of  the  name  have  been 
put  in.  That  the  change  is  coming  is  evident 
in  the  work  now  being  done  in  Clear  Creek 
canyon,  in  the  Tarry  all  district,  Alma,  Fair- 
play,  Montgomery,  Breckenridge,  and  espe- 
cially on  South  Boulder  creek,  where  of  late 
years  much  attention  is  being  paid  to  the  old 
bars  that  in  the  early  sixties  were  washed  by 
pan,  rocker  and  sluice  miners. 

"The  Yosemite  Hydraulic  and  Mining  Com- 
pany has  for  three  seasons  been  operating  in 
South  Boulder,  on  the  glacially  deposited 
bars  brought  down  in  the  ages  of  which  there 
are  no  record  from  the  lodes  of  Perigo  moun- 
tain and  its  neighbors  in  the  Gilpin  county 
belt.  T.  B.  Ludlum,  a  mining  engineer  of 
wide  experience  in  the  Dutch  Flat  and  Gold 
Run  districts  of  California,  has  directed  the 
putting  in  of  a  plant  that  has  cpst  many 
thousand  dollars,  though  no  more  than  is  often 
spent  in  equipping  and  developing  a  lode 
mine,  and  the  result  is  one  of  the  best  adapted 
plants  to  placer  washing  that  has  ever  been 
constructed  in  the  State. 

"To  draw  the  waters  of  South  Boulder 
creek  away  from  the  natural  channel,  the 
Yosemito  Company  has  a  channel  flume  1300 


February  9,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


91 


feet  long,  ft  teet  wide  on  the  bottom  an-l  [eel 
high;  ai-hanuel  1100  feet  long  is  being  <-ut 
through  a  hill  to  connect  with  this.  Tu  fur- 
nish hydraulic  for«  for  washing  the  bare,  a 
ditch  a  mile  and  a  half  lone:  has  been  built  to 
bring  the  water  Into  a  penstock  with  double 
compartments  13x12  feel  and  it  foet  high, 
giving  a  neai  i  '  and   Row '"-  :"HM) 

miner's  Inches  of  water.  The  washing  flume 
is  1120  feet  lone,  on  a  ."  ..-in.-h  grade,  and  is 
made  up  of  13-foot  sluice  boxes,  tH  inches  wide 
Inches  high,  and  9-Inch  deck  boards 
run  the  full  length,  These  are  lined  through- 
out with  block  riffles  8  inches  high  and  from 
10  to  26  inches  In  length,  after  the  pattern 
in  use  in  t  lalifprnia.  A I  i  he  lower  end  of  the 
flume  a  novel  construction  to  save  the  Hour 
bioh  lias  escaped  the  blooh  riffles  is 
made  in  effeel  an  unaercurrenl  whiebcarries 
the  dirt  under  and  drops  it  into  a  lower  box 
12x80  inches  In  size  and  u  inches  high.  In 
this  im»  rifflesl%x8  inches  wide  are  set  on 
edge  and  covered  by  strap  iron  three-fourths 
of  an  inch  apart,  and  the  sand  passing  over 
that,  the  smallest  globules  of  toe  amalgam 
are  precipitated  in  quiet  water  and  lodged, 
while  the  washings  that  may  have  carried 
them  I  ba1  far  slip  away, 

S\n  Jia.n  Placers.— Denver  News:  Major 
.!.  \V.  Hannn  is  froinMontezuraacounty,  where 
he  has  been  testing  various  machines,  each  of 
which  was  warranted  to  bo  the  best  machine 
ever  invented  ror  separating  gold  from  placer 
ilirt.  After  spending  a  great  deal  of  time  in 
the  work.  Major  Hanna  has  decided  to  make 
a  thorough  test  of  the  electrical  process,  and 
has  broughl  with  him  to  Denver  a  quantity  of 
gravel  from  the  bed  of  the  San  Juan  river. 
if  the  tests  are  successful  a  carload  of  gravel 
will  be  brought  to  the  city  and  a  final  result 
reached  in  regard  to  the  process. 

••  I  never  get  excited  over  mining  ventures,11 
remarked  tna  Major  yesterday,  "but  after 
yean  of  practical  experience  along  the  San 
Juan  iiver,  1  am  convinced  that  the  region 
will  become  the  greatest  gold-producing  dis- 
trict in  the  United  States.  1  have  500  acres 
of  placer  that  assays  £J  to  the  cubic  yard,  and 
in  many  spots  much  higher.  The  highest 
amount  1  have  been  able  to  extract  by  pro- 
cesses attempted  on  the  spot  is  sixty  cents  a 
yard.  I  have  fully  tested  eight  different 
machines,  but  not  one  of  them  meets  the 
demand.  If  the  electrical  process  will  do  the 
work,  there  is  no  limit  to  the  wealth  that  can 
be  taken  from  the  placers  of  the  San  Juan  riv- 
er," 

in  the  opinion  of  Major  Hanna,  the  gold  is 
contained  in  small  particles  of  quartz,  and 
while  it  is  chemically  free  it  is  not  mechanic- 
ally Tree.  The  successful  process  requires 
that  the  quartz  shall  be  pulverized,  and  it  is 
upon  this  plan  that  the  experiments  will  be 
made  this  week  in  Denver. 

The  visitor  states  that  100  to  150  men  are 
washing  the  sands  of  the  San  Juan  river  this 
winter  and  are  realizing  S3  to  S5  a  day  for 
their  work.  Ordinary  hand  rockers  are  used. 
The  sand  is  fifteen  to  twenty  feet  deep,  and 
the  chcr  for  100 miles  below  Durango  presents 
an  inviting  fiel  1  for  men  who  are  willing  to 
labor.  Major  Hanna  says  that  his  faith  in 
the  San  Juan  placers  increases  steadily  as  he 
learns  more  of  the  gold  values  in  the  sand. 

Grant  Bros.,  of  Salt  Lake,  have  staked 
nearly  4000  acres  of  land  on  Sand  and  Bear 
creeks,  near  Garrison,  for  placer.  They  are 
there  now  testing  a  machine  with  which  they 
expect  to  work  it.  If  the  test  is  satisfactory 
they  will  put  in  a  §175,000  plant. 

ID^HO. 

A  Guld  Stkike, — Emmett  Index:  A  three- 
foot  ledge  of  free  gold  quartz  was  recently 
discovered  about  three  miles  from  Marsh 
postoffice  that  promises  to  be  the  most  valu- 
able strike  made  in  this  part  of  the  country 
in  years.  The  discovery  was  made  by  Messrs. 
Austin  and  Hall,  and  assays  of  samples  of  the 
rock  show  as  high  as  $231  to  the  ton  in  gold. 
The  ledge  was  found  on  the  hill  directly  above 
the  rich  placer  mines  of  A.  G.  Church,  and  it 
is  believed  the  strike  solves  the  question  as 
to  where  the  gold  came  from  that  these  rich 
mines  have  yielded  for  the  last  score  or  more 
of  years.  The  ledge  consists  of  bard  iron  rock 
in  which  the  yellow  metal  is  visible  to  the 
naked  eye.  There  will  doubtless  be  consider- 
able activity  in  mining  in  and  around  Marsh 
the  coming  season. 

MEXICO. 

The  miuing  scheme  in  Sonora  in  which  are 
interested  Messrs.  Williams,  Howell  and 
Clawson  of  Bisbee  and  W.  C.  Green  of  Fair- 
bank,  is  reported  to  be  one  of  the  most  promis- 
ing projects  anywhere  in  the  country.  Then- 
workings  are  on  the  San  Miguel  river  about 
sixty  miles  east  of  Magdalena,  and  can  also  be 
reached  from  Imuris.  The  placers  are  very 
rich  and  will  be  worked  on  an  extensive  scale 
by  hydraulicking. 

MONTANA. 

A  Great  Placer  Enterprise.  — Mining  Re- 
porter: Henry  Albertson  &.  Co.  are  the  lucky 
owners  of  a  valuable  placer  property  at  the 
head  of  Bilk  gulch,  on  the  line  between  Deer 
Lodge  and  Granite  counties.  They  are  erect- 
ing a  pumping  plant,  the  like  of  which  has  not 
been  heretofore  attempted  by  any  other  com- 
pany in  Montana.  The  pipe  throws  950  inches 
of  water  per  minute,  through  a  nine-inch 
pump  800  feet  in  height,  covering  a  vertical 
distance  of  3600  feet  to  an  immense  box  reser- 
voir. This  water  is  to  be  used  for  hydraulics 
on  ground  that  averages  from  ten  to  fifteen 
cents  to  the  pan,  and  can  be  worked  six 
months  out  of  a  year.  There  are  no  heavy 
boulders  in  the  bar,  and  the  property  is  con- 
sidered very  rich  when  once  controlled  by  a 
sufficient  head  of  water. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Record:  Since  last  summer  a  Kansas  City 
syndicate  has  had  a  force  of  men  making  tests 
on  500  acres  of  placer  ground  on  the  Galesteo 
creek  in  south  Santa  Fe  county.  Three  thou- 
sand dollars  were  invested  in  a  prospect- 
ing   plant    consisting    of    &n  engine  and  a 


boiler,  steam  hoisting  apparatus,  pump,  der- 
ricks and  an  air  caisson  twenty-nine  feet  leug, 
in  two  sections,  similar  to  that  used  in  laying 
the  foundation  of  bridges.  Two  tests  have 
shown  from  5  cents  to$3.50  in  gold  per  cubic 
yard.  That  three  feet  above  bedrock  ran  $11.7* 
in  gold,  and  P,  K.  Nettleton,  mining  engineer 
in  charge,  states  that  a  plant  to  operate  on  a 
targe  scale  will  be  put  in  at  once. 
This  plant  will  be  capable  of  handling   i|hHl 

cubic  yards  of  earth  ami  gra\  el    per    day.  and 

w  ill  have  sufficient  power  to  lift  up  six  Inches 
of  the  bedrock.  The  estimated  cos1  of  hand- 
ling the  material  is  IS  cents  per  cubic  yard. 

Cerillos  Rust  tor:  The  sale  "f  the  *  tood  Hope, 
at  Allertou,  has  been  made  to  a  Denver  com 
pany  that  will  develop  it-  The  consideration 
is  reported  at  423,000. 

A  GuMen  correspondent  writes:  We  have 
gold,  silver  and  copper  ores,  the  copper  ©res 
also  carrying  considerable  gold,  which  makes 
such  very  desirable.  While  we  have  high 
and  low  grade  free-milling  ores,  we  have  also 
a  great  deal  of  refractory  gold  ore.  which  can 
not  be  treated  on  a  stamp  mill. 

OREGON. 

Ashland  Tidings :  The  miners  wore  all 
down  from  the  Ashland  mine  Saturday,  and 
$1500  which  had  just  been  cleaned  up  from  the 
plates  at  the  mill  in  town  was  divided  among 
them,  giving  them  about  $40  each,  and  put- 
ting them  in  considerably  better  humor.  This 
cleanup  was  the  result  of  only  a  short  run. 
Some  splendid  rock  has  been  sent  down  from 
the  mine  lately,  and  the  men  say  there  is 
plenty  of  it  in  sight  to  bring  the  owners  of 
the  mine  out  all  right. 


SISKIYOU 

QUARTZ  AND  PLACER 

Gold  Mines. 


Parties  desiring  t<>  luvesl   in  paying  quartz  or 
placer  gold  mines  or  in   undeveloped   mines  of 

demonstrated  merit,  in  Siskiyou  county,  will  learn 
of  several  excellent  chances  for  safe  and  profitable 
Investment  by  addressing 

G.  B.  ROBERTSON,  Attorney-at-Lai, 


Professional  Cards. 


YREKA,  CAL. 


Reference  by  permission  to 


Siskiyou  County  Muuk      

Hon.  John  Daggett,  Supt.  Mint. 


Yreka.Cal. 

San  Francisco. 


tKTIWELLMftCHINERYworu. 

All  kimlH  of  (  iuiK  Fun  ii in-  for  I  lit? driller  by  using  mir 
A  damn nt Ine  prOGCtfff;  vi\n  rako ucore.  Perfected  Ecom-tti 
icnl  Artesian  I'nnininir  Win*  to  W..rk  bv  Steam,  Air,  Hir 
L<-I  iiMhelpv  U.  Till:  AMERICAN  WELL  WOKKN. 
4«ror»,    III  i     fhlrMvo,    Ul.i     l>ull»«.  Tex- 


In 


Our  Lap- 


WELDED  PIPE  (MATHESON  JOINT,  for  which  we  are  agents) 
we  are  supplying  an  article  of  known"  excellence.  A  large  line 
always  In  stock.  We  also  make  all  kinds  and  sizes  of  SHEET 
IRON  and  SHEET  STEEL  riveted  WATER  PIPE  for  hydraulic 
mining,  irrigation  and  other  purposes.  We  want  business — at 
least  the  way  we  make  our  pipe,  the  way  we  sell  it  and  the  way 
we  treat  customers  would  make  you  think  so.  Quotations 
and  information  furnished  promptly. 


IRON 

WORKS, 


S.  E.  HOWARD  AND  BEALE  STS.,  SAH  FRANCISCO 


Attention    fliners  ! 

W.  W.  MONTAGUE I  CO. 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OP 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Milling,  M  ills  ;nnl  I'ow  <t  •  Flail)  s. 

IRON,  CUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  Harket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


Mining    F*ipe  ! 


STEEL  OR  IRON.— We  make  pipe  of  either,  but  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  many 

particulars  and  inferior  in  none. 
COATING.— We  use  great  cure  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Refined  Asphaltum 

and  Maltha. 
COMPETITORS.— Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


NEW  METHODS. 


STORAGE  BATTERIES. 


NEW    RESULTS. 


By  the  use  of  illuminating  gas  for  power,  iu  connection  with  our  Batteries,  twice  the  number  of 
lights  can  he  produced  than  by  burning  gas  direct. 

Our  Electric  Hand  fcawp  now  perfected  and  ready  for  the  market,  Write  us  op  pall  for  full  par- 
ticulars, 

EUREKA    ELECTRIC    CO., 

643  MISSI9B  STRSBTf .    SAIf  FRASfClSCO,  CAL, 


mi,  i.II.KKUT 

1:.  S..   M: 

iriirrr^^'^^C 

I    PRACTI 

ENGINEERING     SCHOOL.     < 

/       so 

">  1- 

ugh  It 

IoVk,  Po 

rlhui.l.  Or.       : 

>  civil 

El lei 

).     SUM 

n      Mini 

Assaying.) 

lUcbarre 

ol  plan 

taught. 

Circular.         ? 

The  Evans  Assay  Office. ! 

W.  N.  JEHU.    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

|  <»•:*   Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Rooms  -16  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

1  Ore  Assays,   Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


!  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical, 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering:. 
^  Surveying.  Architecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying. 
723  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
OPEN  ALT,  VKAlt. 
A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN.  President, 
i  Absaylng  of  OreB,  $26;  Bullion  and  Chlorlnatlon 
Assay.  $25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.    Pull  Course 
of  Assaying*.  ?50.    Established  l&M. 
,  B3T"  Send  for  Circular. 


Almarin  B.   Paul,  M.   E., 
Mining  Operator, 

ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
J  COr.  Market  and  Montgomery  St  b.,  San  Francisco.  J 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  reporl- 
'  ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  < 
1  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest  * 
'  in  Developed  Mines.  i 

t      Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  ( 
i  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent  < 
i  Instruction   for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
,  practical  scale. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 
ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists' 


Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

i  "Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and 
,  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
,  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
,  relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street, 

Tacoma.  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


Krogh  M'f  g  Co., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Mining    Pinups,  Pan   Staves,  Leaching  Tanks 

and  also  the  famous 


Krogh   Mining    Hoist  ! 

The  best  and  cheapest  on  the  market,  and  for 

strength  and  durability  unsurpassed. 

Send  for  Catalogue.      51  Beale  St.,  San  Francisco. 

QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

OF  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

Room  l.      -      426  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etp,,  etc.  fi®*Extra 
sizes  anfl  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notloe 

m  »n&  §18  FRONT  ST,,  $»n  FrasclsfiQ,  Cale 


92 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  9,  1895 


Electrical  Progress. 

Electrical     Rapping    and    Talking 
Table. 


In  a  recent  number  of  Der  Stein  der 
Wrisni.  Vienna,  is  described  an  ingen- 
ious piece  of  electrical  apparatus  that 
is  within  the  power  of  any  clever  work- 
man to  construct.  The  following  trans- 
lation of  the  description  is  from  the 
Literary  Digest : 

The  varied  applications  of  electricity 
in  the  present  day  surely  put  to  the 
blush  the  deeds  of  wonder  of  the  old 
magicians,  as  well  as  those  of  the  mod- 
ern prestidigitator.  In  the  following 
paragraphs  a  piece  of  electric  appa- 
ratus for  an  entertainment  in  parlor- 
magic  will  be  described,  namely,  a  rap- 
ping and  talking  table.  It  is  an  ordi- 
nary small  table  or  stand  with  a  rather 
strong  top,  having  in  the  middle  a  cir- 
cular hollow  surrounded  by  a  ring- 
shaped  one.  The  whole  is  covered 
with  a  plate  of  wood  about  oue-eighth 
of  an  inch  thick.  The  foot  of  the  table 
is  hollow,  and  has  at  its  lower  end  a 
little  chamber  in  which  is  hidden  a  Le- 
clanche  element,  and  which  is  access- 
ible by  means  of  a  lid.  Prom  the  bat- 
tery two  wires  lead  to  two  springs; 
these  again  press  against  two  half 
rings  of  metal,  which  are  so  fastened 
inside  the  top  of  the  chamber  that  when 
the  element  is  in  action  there  will  be  an 
electrical  contact  with  them.  They  are 
in  connection  with  two  wires  that  lead 
from  the  foot  of  the  table,  upward.  One 
of  these  wires  is  conuected  to  a  notched 
metal  ring  that  lies  in  the  ring-shaped 
hollow  on  the  table-top;  the  other  con- 
nects with  one  end  of  an  electro-magnet 
coil  in  the  middle  of  the  table-top.  The 
other  end  of  this  coil  is  in  electrical 
contact  with  a  flat  metal  ring  that  is 
fastened  to  the  thin  wooden  cover  of 
the  table-top  directly  over  the  notched 
ring,  without  touching  it.  If  the  open 
hand  be  now  placed  on  the  thin  wooden 
layer  directly  over  the  two  rings,  the 
electric  current  will  be  closed  and  the 
electro-magnet  will  attract  its  arma- 
ture, which  is  fastened  to  the  thin 
layer.  This  makes  a  loud  rap,  and 
when  the  current  is  broken  there  is  an- 
other rap.  Of  course  the  movement  of 
the  hand  must  not  be  perceptible. 

Each  of  the  wires  that  lead  upward 
through  the  leg  of  the  table  is  also  con- 
nected with  a  longer  wire  that  leads 
through  the  lower  end  of  the  leg. 
Both  of  these  are  so  arranged  that 
they  may  be  led  underneath  a  carpet  or 
rag  and  connected  to  a  telephonic 
transmitter  in  another  room.  If  the 
transmitter  be  now  spoken  to,  the 
table  will  serve  as  a  telephone  receiver 
and  reproduce  the  words,  of  course, 
much  to  the  mystification  of  the  unin- 
itiated. 

Replace  Lamps  Often. 


Users  of  the  incandescent  electric 
light  should  avoid  the  idea  entertained 
by  many  people  that  the  value  of  lamps 
depends  entirely  upon  the  number  of 
hours  they  will  burn.  Some  lamps  last 
a  long  time  beyond  their  allotted  life, 
and  it  is  economy  to  promptly  break 
all  incandescent  lamps  after  they  have 
burned  for  a  certain  number  of  hours. 
A  "  three-watt-per-candle  "  lamp  of 
recent  construction  may  be  started  at 
a  voltage  sufficient  to  derive  16  c.  p.; 
and,  after  burning  from  50  to  100  hours, 
the  c.  p.  will  increase  with  the  same 
pressure,  or  voltage,  to  seventeen 
candles  or  over.  From  this  point — say 
ninety  hours — the  c.  p.  of  a  lamp  de- 
creases gradually  until,  after  burning 
500  hours,  it  has  probably  fallen  to 
about  eleven  caudles.  This  decrease 
in  c.  p.  is  not  due  to  blackening  of  the 
bulb,  which  sometimes  takes  place,  but 
to  entirely  different  causes.  If  the 
voltage  be  increased  to  obtain  an  illu- 
mination of  twenty  to  twenty-five 
candles  from  a  16  c.  p.  lamp,  the  prob- 
ability is  that  the  lamp  started  at  20, 
will  rise  to  21  c.  p.  in  about  fifty  hours, 
then  gradually  falls  to  eleven  candles 
in  450  hours,  and  will  probably  give  out 
altogether  in  about  that  length  of  time. 
The  lamp  started  at  twenty-four 
caudles,  will  rise  to  twenty-live  in 
i.IkiuI  twenty-five   hours,    then   fail   to 


seventeen  candles  in  100  hours  and  to 
thirteen  candles  and  fail  in  200  hours. 
A  voltage  not  above  the  capacity  of  a 
lamp  is  then  the  most  economical,  and 
it  is  better  to  break  a  lamp  at  300 
hours  when  it  gives  13  c.  p.  than  to 
run  it  200  hours  longer  and  have  the 
light  fall  from  thirteen  to  eleven 
caudles.  The  expenditure  for  power 
thus  wasted  would  much  more  than  pay 
the  increased  cost  of  a  liberal  use  of 
lamps.  

The  ordnance  department  of  the 
United  States  Navy  has,  it  is  said, 
practically  determined  to  operate  the 
guns  and  turrets  of  some  of  its  ships 
by  means  of  electricity  for  the  future. 
It  is  not  yet  intended  to  actually  dis- 
place steam  by  the  new  motive  power, 
but  to  so  place  it  that  in  ease  of  acci- 
dent it  may  be  switched  on ,  and  thus 
prevent  the  gun  being  thrown  out  of 
action.  It  is  a  wise  step  to  make 
electricity  at  first  only  accessory  to 
steam;  but  that,  on  the  whole,  electric 
motors  are  a  preferable  means  of  work- 
ing guns  has  been  determined  after  a 
series  of  experiments,  the  stringency 
of  which  was  intended  to  bring  out 
weak  points  if  such  existed.  The  ad- 
vantages-of  the  system  are  considered 
to  lie  in  the  greater  simplicity  of  elec- 
tric conductors  compared  with  steam 
pipes,  both  as  regards  the  ease  of  car- 
rying them  round  bulkheads  and  the 
smaller  surface  exposed  to  injury, 
together  with  the  facility  with 
which  they  can  be  repaired.  Chief  of 
all  advantages  is  considered  the 
greater  simplicity  of  manipulating  the 
controlliusr  switch  as  against  steam 
valves.  A  single  lever,  according  to 
the  system  devised  by  Captain  Samson, 
effects  the  operations  of  training  and 
elevating. 


Sunlight  can  be  produced  on  the 
earth  at  will,  according  to  Nicola  Tesla, 
the  eminent  electrician.  He  says  that 
the  light  of  the  suu  is  the  result  of  elec- 
trical vibrations  in  the  04,000,000  miles 
of  ether  which  separate  us  from  that 
great  luminary,  and  does  not  proceed 
from  a  great  central  fire,  as  the  scien- 
tists have  all  along  held.  If  these 
vibrations  can  be  produced  the  light 
will  follow.  The  rapidity  of  the  vibra- 
tions in  a  second  necessary  to  produce 
desired  result  is,  he  says,  expressed 
by  the  figure  five  with  fourteen  ciphers 
annexed;  and  he  is  now  trying  to  build 
a  machine  which  will  produce  these 
vibrations.  The  attempt  will  be  of 
considerable  scientific  interest,  whether 
carried  to  a  successful  issue  or  not. 


The  Chicago  Times  says:  "More 
than  one-half  of  the  jangling  of  tele- 
phone bells  will  be  silenced  in  Chicago 
during  the  next  six  months.  Within 
that  time  the  Chicago  Telephone  Com- 
pany will  have  placed  in  operation  its 
new  system  of  signals.  A  person  using 
a  telephone  will  be  able  to  reach  the 
one  with  whom  he  desires  to  talk,  say 
what  he  wants  to  and  end  the  conver- 
sation, all  without  the  jangling  of  a 
bell.  The  signal  to  the  operator  in  the 
exchange  will  be  given  by  flash  lights 
from  an  electric  lamp." 


A  paper  recently  read  by  J.  A.  Bay- 
lis  before  the  Can.  Elec.  Association 
deals  entirely  with  the  electrolytic  cor- 
rosion of  underground  pipes  and  elec- 
trical conductors  by  stray  earth  cur- 
rents. The  remedies  which  Mr.  Baylis 
suggests  are:  Grounding  positive  pole 
of  dynamo  and  putting  the  negative  to 
the  line;' breaking  metallic  continuity 
of  the  pipes  and  cables;  frequent  re- 
versals of  polarity  of  the  stree,t  railway 
current.  But  even  these  are  not 
thought  to  prove  wholly  corrective  of 
the  trouble. 


Electricity  has  now  beaten  the  rec- 
ord of  the  goldbeater,  and  can  produce 
a  foil  of  the  metal  from  five  to  ten 
times  thinner  than  ordinary  gold  leaf. 
Joseph  Wilson  Swan,  the  well-known 
chemist  of  electric-lighting  fame,  has 
presented  to  the  Royal  Society  speci- 
mens of  this  wonderfully  thin  foil  made, 
by  depositing  gold  on  copper  with  the 
electric  current  and  then  dissolving 
away  the  copper  from  it  with  per- 
'■liluridc  of  iron. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN   A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USEDTHAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH. 

CAPACITIES  ISO  TONS  |    DIFFERENT 
WHrMU,,ll-U    PER  HOUR.)        SIZES. 


-*» — irTfO  __   a>fOr     fir  a  we-  iH  *^  ^— **-^ 


stO"  ficAjvrsf*1 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF  EVERY   DESCRIPTION. 

TREMfllN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,  King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinery. 

Dept.  "M,"  50  S.  Clinton  St. 

CHICAGO,  ILLS..  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS 


NEW    YORK. 
136     LIBERTY     ST. 


LONDON.   E.   C, 
73    A    QUEEN    VICTORIA    ST. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO. 
B    CALLE    DE    GANTE. 


I 


CaSCADEWATERWNEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  "Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL& C0.Springfield,0hio,U.S A 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  tilled. 

Twenty-tive  Medals  Awarded. 

fcwwras*        SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 


653  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


E.  G.  DENNISTON, Proprietor. 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHRO/V\E     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO,,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies. 


Stamp  Cam 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


February   9,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


9:i 


New   Land  Office   Rulings. 


Tin-  Secretary  of  the  interior  has  re 
cently  rendered  the  following  new  de 

ClSiOllfl 

first  l.aml  embraced  within  the 
claim  of  a  qualified  aettler  at  the  dale  a 
railroad  grant  becomes  effective  and  i» 
excepted  by  such  claim  from  the  opera- 
tion of  tin-  grant. 

Second — Evidence  of  voting  will  raise 
a  presumption  of  citizenship,  as  fraud 
on  the  part  of  the  voter  is  not  to  be 
mod. 

Third  The  sale  of  a  soldier's  addi- 
tional homestead  right  and  attempted 
transfer  thereof  by  power  of  attorney, 

toJocatc  the  right  of  said  certificate,  is 
made  good  in  the  hands  of  the  pur 
■  haser  by  the  act  of  August  is.  1894, 
and  such  purchaser  is  accordingly  en- 
titled to  the  possession  of  the  certifi- 
cate. 

Fourth — Timber    and    land    entries 

!c    for    speculative     purposes    are 

fraudulent  and  will  be  canceled. 

Fifth— In  the  investigation  of  a  case 
where  fraud  is  alleged  against  an  entry- 
man,  proof  of  other  acts  of  similar  na- 
ture done  contemporaneously,  or  about 
the  same  time,  is  permissible  to  show 
Mich  extent. 

Sixth  Repayment  of  fees  and  com- 
mission may  be  allowed  where  the  en- 
Iryman,  to  avoid  conflict  resulting 
from  an  error  in  the  local  office,  in  good 
faith,  relinquishes  his  entry  and  takes 
another  tract. 

Seventh — A  deserted  wife  may  make 
a  homestead  entry,  with  credit  for  pre- 
vious residence  on  the  land,  where  her 
husband's  entry  thereof  is  canceled  for 
failure  to  make  final  proof  within  the 
statutory  period. 

Eighth — A  joint  entry  caDnot  be  al- 
lowed where  there  is  but  one  residence 
and  set  of  improvements  maintained 
and  occupied  in  common  by  the  parties, 
with  the  intention  to  take  separate 
tracts  when   the  land  is  open  to  entry. 

Ninth — The  possession  and  occupancy 
of  a  tract  by  a  qualified  settler  at  a 
definite  location  of  a  railroad  grant, 
serve  to  except  the  laud  covered  there- 
by from  the  operation  of  the  grant, 
even  though  the  settler  at  such  time 
supposed  the  land  belonged  to  the  rail- 
road company. 

Tenth — The  expiration  of  a  pre-emp- 
liou  tiling  without  final  proof  and  pay- 
ment, will  not  alone  be  accepted  as 
proof  of  abandonment  of  the  settlement 
claim  at  such  time  so  as  to  relieve  a 
railroad  grant  therefrom. 


Irrigation   Run   Wild. 


The  Irrigation  Age  contains  some 
entertaining  correspondence.  It  ap- 
pears that  a  Mr.  Young  wrote  an 
article  for  the  above  paper  under 
the  title  of  "The  Mighty  Colorado 
and  Its  Irrigation  Possibilities,'' 
which  article  contained  some  state- 
ments remarkable  enough  to  stir  up 
R.  li.  Stanton,  who  happens  to  know 
something  about  the  Colorado,  as  well 
as  the  country  in  question,  and  Mr. 
Stanton  replies  to  Mr.  Young  at  some 
length.  Mr.  Young  says  that  there 
are  millions  of  acres  awaiting  irriga- 
tion and  suggests  that  where  this  land 
is  shut  in  by  high  ground,  tunnels  and 
siphons  could  be  used,  which  is  a  simple 
suggestion  to  make.  He  proposes  that 
a  dam  should  be  built  somewhere  along 
the  course  of  the  Colorado  and  its 
waters  diverted  into  Death  valley,  fill- 
ing that  valley  and  reclaiming  the  sur- 
rounding desert.  A  map  given  by  Mr. 
Young  locates  definitely  the  position 
for  the  dam,  and  the  course  of  the 
canal  and  the  country  to  be  irrigated. 
An  examination  of  the  contour  maps  of 
the  United  States  Geological  Survey 
discloses  some  interesting  facts.  It 
shows  that  the  proposed  canal  would 
be  150  miles  long,  and  that,  as  high 
land  with  several  mountain  ranges  lies 
between  the  Colorado  river  and  Death 
valley,  the  canal  may  be  made  with 
only  one  through  cut.  This,  however, 
would  be  150  miles  long  and  have  a 
maximum  depth  of  2500  feet.  Mr. 
Young  suggests,  however,  that  a  tun- 
nel might  be  used  which  would  be  only 
125  miles  long.  To  get  the  water  from 
Death  valley  to  the  various  tracts  to 
be  irrigated   would   require  only   two 


No.  •> 


•   • 


FRASER-&-fHAkftlERS 


Works  at  Chicago,    111.,    U.  S.  A.    A"d  «  ToENrNEEBNaLASNTni- 

CHICAGO,    ILL.  U.  S.  A.,  and  ERITH,  KENT,  ENGLAND. 


Examine 
this  List  and 
write  for 
the  issues  in 
which  you 
are 
interested. 


SOA1R  OF  FRASER  &  CHALMERS'  CATALOGUES  AND  PUBLICATIONS. 


i  I mi-im.  -  nnd  Boiler*. 

•i.  IIoTkUiik  Machinery 

;;.  -imi-u int:  Purnncc 

i  Gold  nnd  Silver  Mm- 

5  Pipe  nnd  I'lpe  Hi  tin k« 


I'. 


Ihiuili 

Mull, 


tiled  Mi-mi. 
•i>  mid  Pulver 
u  mi  Ion  Mu<  hi 


\li   I 


i  ■  rj 


in    Mill-. 

CorllsH  KtiElnen, 

Tin-  Krnr  Vnuner. 

"Adcmitinrlnc! "  Slw  ■-  nnd  [)li  ■ 

Win'  ('Mill. 

Automatic  Ore  Feeder*  for 
Stumps,  Rolls  mid  Hunting- 
ton  Mills, 


;:<i. 


Ore  '  -H-.  Mci  imkcll   \\  heels, 

mid  \  \  I'  - 
Jin.-'  i  mint. h  Sj  I-  in,  Pan 

tinulguimitloi). 
■  ■  t  i  urnnreg. 
Safet)     Vppllnncefl  for  Milieu, 

ltur. .in-    K Metrical    Omlr 

I  r». n .  ,  i . ■  i  - 
I  . .tin-it  pumping  Endues. 

Uni'l iv   roi   PiilM  Proei    - 

Rledlcr  Pumping  EnglneH. 
\m iv   Oillllt. 

Pr 'M»e8  nf  Ore  Treatment. 

i mi or  Smelting  Ore. 

Gold  Mtlllngln  the  Black  Hill-, 
Lohkcs  in  Gold  Ainnlgniurttlon. 

Cyanide  Process, 
Knowles  Pumps. 


3!       Bl  ike  I- p  . 

;Ka.    [trldgiiuiuV  Pnten 

Ilni:  Mm  I 

-;  !b      A  Svn   &)  -i.  m  ..i  <  ire-Samp 

■ 
AS.    Leflfel  Water  Wheel 

::i.     i; [{lowers, 

:;<;,    Rielelicrl  Trnmways, 
an.    Mine  Vend rs, 

I  •      Hie  <  omlilnni  Ion  Process. 

in     Mi     t;  faring 

II.    "  From  Copper  i<>  Diamonds." 

IS.    Rlcdler  Ah-  Compressors. 

i;      Brov  ti  Horseshoe  Kttrmu-ce 


Cr-2,  shapes  for  Crushing  Members.  F-l,  Copper  Moulds,  F-S,  Davles  Slag  Escape.  F-4,  PyritlcSinoltlng.  v-i;. 
Copper  Converters,  mi.  Prospectors'  Stamp  Mill.  M-2,  Ai:tsk:i  Mexican  Mill.  M  3,  BlaoUiu  run,-  \i  ,;,  Barrj 
Searle  on  Stamp  ^tniiN.  M-9,  Eurekn  Hill  Combination  Mill.  M-10,  How  *'1i>-j,|i  can  Gold  <  ire  he  Worked  ?  P  2, 
[)c Beers'  Engines.     R-5,  RIedler  15-MllIIon  Gnllon  Pump.     R-7,  Alaska  Mexican  Compressor.     R-6,  Horn  Silver 

C pressor.    R-9,  Milwaukee  M.  Co.  Compressor.    St.-l.  Jones  Underfeed  Stokcra.    st. n.  Muunshti  Teat  ol  Jones 

Stokers. 

Leading  Catalogues  also  in  French  and  Spanish. 


BRANCH 

OFFICES: 

2  Wall  Street, 

New  York. 

City  of  Mexico, 

Mexico. 

527  17th  Street, 
Denver, 

Colorado. 


Helena, 


Montana. 


Salt  Lake  City, 

Utah. 


MINING  AND  ORE  TREATING    MACHINERY 
OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 


RIEDLER  PUMPS  AND  AIR   COMPRESSORS, 
CORLISS  ENGINES,  BOILERS,  ETC. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


-  MANITF.UTU  K  ERS     OF 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  Hotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

♦♦♦  A     SPECIALTY,  -f-f  ♦ 

OFFICE    /\IND     1A/ORKS:       34     and     3^     Alain     Street,     San     Francisco,     Cal. 


more  open  cuts,  one  of  50  miles  and 
another  of  150.  Mr.  Stanton  suggests 
that  it  would  be  folly  to  stop  there, 
but  the  canal  should  go  straight  on 
through  the  Sierra  Nevadas  and  turn 
the  surplus  water  into  the  San  Joaquin 
valley,  which  would  take  only  one  more 
tunnel  about  125  miles  long. 


Every  Inventor  Wants  a  Good  Patent 

Or  none  at  all.  To  secure  the  best  patents 
Inventors  have  only  to  address  Dewey  &  Co., 
Pioneer  Patent  Agents,  No.  220  Market  St., 
San  Francisco. 

There  are  many  good  remans  why  Pacific  Coast  \ 
Inventtns  should  patronize  this  Home  Agency. 

It  is   the  ablest,   largest,   best,   most  con-  I 
venient,  economical  and  speedy  for  all  Pacific 
Coast  patrons. 

It  is  the  oldest  on  this  side  of  the  American 
continent,  most  experienced,  and  in  every  way 
reliable. 

Conducted  from  1863  by  its  present  owners 
(A.  T.  Dewey,  W.  B.  Ewer  and  Geo.  H. 
Strong),  this  agency  has  the  best  knowledge 
of  patents  already  issued  and  of  the  state  of 
the  arts  in  all  lines  of  inventions  most  com- 
mon on  this  coast. 

Patents  secured  in  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Mexico,  all  British  colonies  and 
provinces,  England  and  other  civilized  coun- 
tries throughout  the  globe. 

Caveats  filed,  assignments  duly  prepared, 
examinations  made,  and  a  general  Patent 
Agency  business  conducted. 

Established  and  successfully  and  popularly 
conducted  for  nearly  thirty  years,  our  patrons 
number  many  thousands,  to  whom  we  refer 
with  confidence,  as  men  of  influence  and  re- 
liability. Old  and  new  inventors  are  cordially 
offered  the  complimentary  use  of  our  library 
and  free  advice,  etc.  No  other  agency  can 
afford  Pacific  States  inventors  half  the  ad- 
vantages possessed  by  this  old,  well-tried  and 
experienced  firm. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

.— ^kjVbsolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof.  <*■ 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS   and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 

F».  Sc  B.  ROOFINC. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  Jil^HLitreet  J 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 


Unitarian  literature  sent  free  by  the 
Channing  Auxiliary  of  the  First  Unitarian 
Church,  cor.  Geary  and  Franklin  Sts.,  San 
Francisco.  Address  as  above.  Mention  this 
paper.  * 


23  Park  Place, 


New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


BRANCH  OFFICES: 


Monadnock  Building  ,, 

Ishpeming 

1316  Eighteenth  Street, 
Sherbrook  P.  0.. 


Chicago 

. . .  Michigan 

Denver 

Canada 


Apartado  830 City  of  Mexico 


94 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  9,   1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Fkancisco,  Feb.  7,  1895. 

The  prophesy  that  "  silver  will  advance  be- 
fore long"  is  still  deferred  in  fulfillment, 
though  the  trend  of  events  and  the  working  of 
natural  laws  insure  its  realization.  Free 
coinage  of  silver — the  new  British  trade  dol- 
lar—is reported  from  Bombay,  and  it  is  pre- 
dicted that  the  East  Indian  mintage  will  sup- 
plant the  rupee.  Meanwhile,  another  bond 
issue  is  announced  from  "Washington,  the 
pouring  of  water  through  a  sieve  being  still 
considered  statesmanship  there. 

There  was  a  slight  decrease  in  metal  prices 
during  the  week,  as  shown  below. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  Yoke,  Feb.  7.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@13.50e. 

COPPER— Brokers',  9%e;  exchange,  9.S0c. 

LEAD— Brokers',  S3. 0&%;  exchange,  &.12%. 

TIN— Straits,  lS%a ;  plates, c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  S3. 20. 
New  York  Prices. 

New  Yokk,  Feb.  7. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, — Silver  in . 

London.    N.  Y.     Copper.      Lead. 

Friday Zl%       9»%  10  00         3  00 

Saturday 27>/s       60  10  05         SWA 

Monday 2754        60%  

Tuesday 21%       60  

Wednesday 27%       597J         10  05        3  02 

Thursday 27*b       60  

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows  : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7®8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 1254c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 15c 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.86 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.90 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 60 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 4854@49 

■San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 
Peril) —    ©     10 

BOBAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots —    @       554 

Powdered,         "      —    @       554 

Concentrated,  "     —    @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @      — 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 21 

Ingot,  jobbing — 

Ingot,  wholesale 13 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  hx. 5  25    @ 

IRON. 

American  Sott 14  00    @: 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00   ®: 

STEEL. 
English.lb 14    @ 

NAILS. 

Wire 

Cut 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 17    @ 

ZINC. 
Sheet 8S4<» 

LEAD. 

Pig —    @ 

Bar —    @ 

Sheet —    @ 

Pipe —    @ 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs . . 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "     . 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,      "  "     .. 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    @ 

COAL. 
SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington 

Greta 

Nanaimo 

Oilman 

Seattle 

Coos  Bay 

Cannel 

Egg,  hard 

Wallsend 

Scotch  Splint 

3rymbo 

tVest  Hartley 

TO  ARRIVE — PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @ 

Liverpool  Steam 700  @ 

Scotch  Splint 650  @ 

Cardiff 6  50  @ 

LehighLump 16  00  @ 

Cumberland 12  00  @ 

Egg.hard 12  00  @ 

West  Hartley 7  00  @ 

English,  to  load " ' 9  00  @    10  00 

spot,  inbuilt @    11  50 

"        in  sacks ©12  50 

Cumberland 900  @ 

LUMBER. 
SAN  FRANCISCO  — WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00  © 

Pine 13  00  ©    18  00 

Spruce 25  00  ©30  00 


®      16 


i  00 
i  00 


3  90 

4  20 

5  25 
4  75 

.$1  20 
.   1  45 
.   1  45 

$  7  50 

7  50 

6  25 
5  75 
600 
5  50 

8  00 
12  50 

7  00 

8  00 

7  50 

8  50 


Mining  Share  Market. 

San  Francisco,  Feb.  7,  1895. 

A  drop  in  the  early  part  of  the  week,  caused 
in  part  by  the  unfavorable  weekly  report, 
temporarily  satisfied  the  bears,  the  market 
beirg  at  the  mercy  of  any  determined  in- 
fluence either  way.  At  the  delinquent 
assessment  sale  of  the  Ophir  but  120  shares 
were  offered  for  sale. 

The  Standard  Con.  M.  Co.  holds  its  annual 
meeting  on  the  18th.  The  Bulwer  Con.  as- 
sessment is  delinquent  next  Friday.  The 
Con.  Cal.  &  Va.  declares  a  §54,000  dividend 
to-day.  The  De  Lamar  Mining  Company  of 
Idaho,  owned  and  operated  by  English  capital, 
has  paid  a  dividend  of  Is  per  share  in  London. 
The  amount  is  8100,000,  and  is  at  the  rate  of 
20  per  cent  per  annum. 

During  the  month  of  January  the  sales  of 
mining  stocks  at  the  San  Francisco  Board 
amounted  to  041,000  shares. 

Mining  assessments  falling  delinquent  this 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Every  Thursday  from.  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  awl  Other  San  Francisco  Journals. 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Amt.        Levied,  Deling'/ and  Site.  Secretary. 

..10c...  Jan   21,  Feb  26,  Mar  21 R  R  Grayson.  331  Pine 

.  5c Dec    11,  Jan    16,  Feb  15 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

,30c Jan     9,  Feb  13,  Mar     6 A  S  Groth,  414  California 

.10c Jan    15,  Feb  16,  Mar  11 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

15c Jan    8,  Feb   28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  3U9  Montgomery 

..15c.  ..Jan    17,Feb  19,  Mar  12 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..10c... Jan   21, Mar    6,April5 W  W  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

.  2c Dec  31,  Feb    11,  April  3.  .John  H  Isham,  room  33.  Mills  Bldg. 

..25c. ..Jan   16,  Feb  20,  Mar  11 E  L  Parker, 309  Montgomery 

.12c.  ..Jan    25,  Mar    4,  Mar  22 W  H  Schmidt,  207  East 

.25c. ...Dec    10,  Jan    10,  Feb  20 W  H  Blauvelt 

MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 
J  W  Pew,  310  Pine Feb  18 


Company  and  Location.  No. 

Bullion  M  Co,  Nev 44.. 

Bulwer  Con  M  Co,  Cal 10.. 

Confidence  S  M  Co,  Nev 25.. 

Crescent  M  Co,  Cal 1.. 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev 1 . . 

Gould  &  Curry  S  M  Co,  Nev 75. . 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 26. . 

Reed  M  &  M  Co,  Nev 1. . 

Sierra  Nevada  S  M  Co,  Nev...  108. . 

Standard  Gravel  Co,  Cal 1. . 

Yellow  Jacket  M  Co,  Nev 58. . 

Company  and  Location. 
Standard  Con  M  Co 


month  amount  to  $73,608,  of  which  Nevada 
mines  want  $60,10S,  California  S8500,  and  Mex- 
ican mines  £5000. 

The  following  shows  the  cash  balances  of 
some  of  the  mining  companies  on  the  4thinst. : 


Alpha $7,275 

5,982 
6,703 
3,007 
18,134 
2,713 
3,090 
1-1,640 
3,477 
670 


Hale&  Norcross.. $24,401 


Justice 668 

Kentuck 4,404 

Lady  Wash'n 2,335 

Mono 4,935 

Mexican 19,423 

Navajo 3 

Nevada  Queen....       233 

Occidental 155 

Ophir :..   13,910 

Overman 8,548 

Potosi 22,522 

Savage  ...  . .  10,118 


i  Scorpion 

!  Seg.  Belcher. . 

i  Silver  Hill 

236:SilverKing. ... 
2,618  Sierra  Nevada 
1,315  Standard  Con.. 

971  Union  Con 16,932 

1,377'Utah 2,605 


1,132 
409 
1,915 
1,047 
1,975 
48,713 


Alta. . . 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bullion 

Bulwer 

Bodie 

Caledonia 

Challenge 

Chollar 6,853 

Church 8,697 

Con.  Imperial 1,139 

Confidence 776 

Con.  New  York. . . .     1,002 

Con.  Cal 137,323 

E.  Sierra  Nevada 

Exchequer  

Gould  &  Curry 

Grand  Prize 

Gray  Eagle 

During  January  there  were  disbursed  to 
employes  in  Virginia  City  sums  as  follows : 
Hale  &  Norcross,  S2til(i.50;  Andes,  §900;  Con. 
Cal.  Va.,  810,595;  Mexican,  S2133. 75;  Ophir, 
§8677.75";  Best  &  Belcher,  $2379;  Gould  & 
Curry,  41432 ;  G.  &  C.  and  B.  &  B.  shaft,  S124 ; 
Alta,  $2223.75;  Savage,  S2754;  Justice,  $1300; 
Crown  Point,  $7798.110;  Yellow  Jacket,  $2733; 
Confidenee,$90 ,  Challenge,  $90 ;  Belcher,  $3198 ; 
Seg.  Belcher,  $590;  Chollar,  $5059;  Potosi, 
$2476;  Union  Shaft,  $2841;  Ward  Shaft  and 
Bullion,  $714;  Sierra  Nevada,  $811;  Alpha 
and  Exchequer,  $726;  Occidental,  $900;  Silver 
Hill,  $245;  West  Con.  (estimated),  $1800; 
Nevada  Mill  (estimated),  $2500;  Electric 
Light  (estimated),  $500;  Water  Company 
(estimated)  $3000;  Quartz  Mills  (estimated), 
$10,000;  total,  $77,158.41. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


MINES. 

31 

7 

$       10 
39 
32 
42 

88 

38 

39 

38 

85 

12 
34 

39 

7U 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

3  40 

2  95 

46 

04 

34 

78 
19 
88 
1  65 
17 

30 

76 

74 

1  4U 

45 

47 
45 
53 
05 
49 

46 

A  Word  of  Caution. 


The  necessity  of  keeping  close  watch 
over  mining  claims  and  of  taking  all 
legal  steps  to  perfect  title  has  been 
shown  in  the  Coulterville  district  lately. 
In  one  instance  a  mine  (patented,  we 
believe),  upon  which  a  mill  was  in  oper- 
ation, was  jumped,  and  several  in- 
stances are  reported  where  claims 
have  been  "  appropriated."  There  are 
men  who  will  resort  to  almost  any 
means  to  secure  desirable  claims;  and 
even  though  their  efforts  do  not  win, 
the  owners  are  put  to  considerable  ex- 
pense. A  claim  is  never  safe  until  it  is 
patented;  and  if  a  claim  is  worth  hold- 
ing, it  is  worth  patenting.  It  is  a 
matter  of  neglect  with  most  men  that 
they  have  not  secured  patents,  but  it 
is  liable  to  prove  a  dangerous  over- 
sight. Now  that  so  many  new  men 
are  in  the  country,  the  likelihood  of 
trouble  from  this  source  is  increased. 
It  will  prove  the  part  of  wisdom  for 
every  man  who  has  a  good  mine  to  se- 
cure a  patent  as  soon  as  possible. — 
Mariposa  Gazette. 

South  Africa's  Gold  Output. 

The  December  output  of  the  Rand 
was  182,104  ounces,  the  highest  on 
record,  beating  that  of  September  (the 
previous  best)  by  5,397  ounces,  and 
that  of  December,  1893,  by  35,747 
ounces.  The  year's  production  is 
2,024,159  ounces,  an  increase  of  545,686 
ounces  over  1893.  The  magnitude  of 
the  December  output  is  partially  ex- 
plained by  the  inclusion  of  "sweep- 
ings," due  to  the  annual  cleaning  up  of 
i  chlorination  plants,  and  so-forth,  which 
made  an  addition  of  close  on  2500 
ounces  to  the  production  of  the  Robin- 
son alone.  The  output  of  January  will 
probably  show  a  reduction  in  conse- 
quence of  the  absence  of  these  "  sweep- 
ings," and,  besides,  the  Geldenhuis 
estate,  yielding  over  6000  ounces  a 
month,  has  suspended  crushing  in 
order  to  add  to  its  battery  power.  On 
the  other  hand,  one  or  two  other  mines 
are  now  crushing  with  an  increased 
number  of  stamps. 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


400  Alpha 08 

500  Alta 38 

100  Andes 29 

300  Belcher 38 

600  Con  Cal  &  Va 2  95 


San  Francisco,  Feb.  7, 1895. 
9:30  a.  m.  session. 

08!400Ophir 1  40 

~"100Potosi 45 

500  Seg  Belcher 06 

100 07 

200  Union 46 


second  session — 2 

100  Alta 37  100  Confidence 

100  Andes 29 

50  Benton 

100  Bodie 

1350  C.  C  V 2  90 

20 2  95 

100  Chollar 39 

1000  Con.  Imperial. ...    01 


1000  Exchequer 04 

100  Gould  &  Curry 30 

100  Hale  &  Norcross. .  76 

100 75 

150  Mexican 74 

100  Occidental 05 

600  Ophir 1  40 


List  of  U.   S.  Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported   by  Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


fob.  week  ending  January  29, 1895. 
533,344. — Vehicle  Spring — A.  W.  Burdick,  Fresno, 

Cal. 
533,056. — Scaffold— Cruson  &  Dobkins,  Lebanon, 

Ogn. 
533.168.—LAMP   Stove— Furrey  &   Hellman,   Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 
533,124.— Sawmill  Offset— D.  B.  Hanson,  S.  F. 
533,195—  Dentists'   Tool— A.  P.  Hays,  Los   An- 

533,367.— Sprat    Nozzle— J.    McBoyle,   Oakland, 

533,142.— Telephone— Sabin  &  Hampton,  S.  F. 
533,400.— AIR  Injector — J.  W.  Stanley,  Oakland, 

Cal. 
533,380.— Sewing  Machine— G.  W.  Stewart,  Che- 

halis,  Wash. 
533,102. — Game— Mary  Thomson,  Los  Angeles.  Cal. 
23,962.— Design— Pin  Holder— E.  H.  Ellis,  Pasa- 
dena, Cal-I 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 
tby  mall  for  telegraphic  order).  American  and 
Foreign  patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  busi- 
ness for  Pacific  Coast  inventors  transacted  with 
perfect  security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the 
shortest  posBlble  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


iimong  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
LT„  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are.  worthy  of  special  mention : 

Air  Injector  and  Oil  Burner. — James  W. 
Stanley,  Oakland,  Cal.  No.  533,400.  Dated 
Jan.  29,  1895.  This  invention  relates  to  a  de- 
vice for  burning  oil  and  combining  with  it 
jets  of  air  and  steam.  It  consists  of  a  series 
of  independent  separable  air-supply  nozzles,  a 
jet  tube  through  which  steam  is  delivered 
centrally  through  said  nozzles  and  an  oil-sup- 
ply device,  with  a  means  for  heating  the  same 
before  it  is  delivered  into  the  injector.  The 
nozzles  have  their  bases  enlarged  at  right 
angles  to  the  line  of  their  projection,  each  of 
said  chambers  having  a  rearward  extension 
by  which  it  is  fitted  into  the  next  adjacent 
one.  A  cap  cr  casing  is  fitted  to  the  rear  of 
the  nozzle,  haying  a  central  steam  pipe  and 
discharge  nozzle  and  an  annular  oil  chamber 
is  fitted  within  the  cap  around  the  steam 
pipe,  having  a  passage  through  which  .oil  is 
admitted  to  one  side  and  a  discharge  pipe  on 
the  other  through  which  oil  is  delivered  into 
the  line  of  the  steam-discharge  jet.  The  oil 
is  heated  by  the  steam  and  is  discharged 
with  the  steam,  while  the  air  admitted 
through  the  series  of  nozzles  assists  in  the 
perfect  combustion  of  the  whole. 

Sprat  Attachment  for  Nozzles. — Joseph 
McBoyle,  Oakland,  Cal.  No.  533,307.  Dated 
Jan.  29,  1895.  This  device  is  an  attachment 
for  water-discharge  nozzles  and  is  used  to 
produce  a  spray  especially  adapted  for  irri- 
gating purposes.  It  consists  of  a  perforated 
plate  adapted  to  slip  over  the  end  of  the  noz- 
zle, having  the  lower  part  bent  at  right 
angles  with  the  perforated  portion,  a  spring 
clasp  projecting  upwardly  from  this  part  in 
line  with  the  perforation,  so  as  to  clasp  the 
end  of  the  nozzle,  a  plate  adjustably  attached 
to  the  outer  end  so  as  to  be  turned  more  or 
less  to  intercept  the  stream  of  water  dis- 


charged from  the  nozzle.  This  plate  has  a 
rounded  end  and  the  surface  of  it  is  grooved 
or  corrugated  so  that  when  the  water  strikes 
it  it  will  be  dispersed  in  a  fine  spray.  The 
plate  may  be  raised'  or  depressed  to  change 
its  angle  and  the  device  is  provided  with  a 
means  for  holding  the  plate  in  auy  desired 
position. 


Assessment  Notices. 


GOULD  &  CURRY  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY— 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.;  location  of  works,  Virginia.  Storev 
county,  Nev. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting-  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  17th  day  of  January 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  70)  of  fifteen  cents  (15c)  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  ihe  office  of  tlie  company 
room  09,  Nevada  block,  H09  Montgomery  street,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  l'Jth  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  s;ile  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  la  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  12£h  day  of  March,  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs. 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW.  Secretary. 

Office— Room  09,  Nevada  block,  309  Montgomery 
street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


REED  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works,  Ferguson  Mining  Dis- 
trict, Helen e.  Lincoln  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  blst  day  of  Decem- 
ber, 1894,  an  assessment  (No.  1)  of  two  (2)  cents  per- 
share,  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  S3,  tenth  floor,  Mills  Building,  San  Francisco. 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  28th  day  of  February,  1895. 
will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction,  and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  3d  day  of  April,  1895. 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
cost  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Hoard  of  Directors. 

JOHN  H.  ISHAM,  Secretary. 
Office,    Room    83,    tenth    floor.  Mills  Building,  San 

Francisco,  California. 


BULLION  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  of  prin- 
cipal place  of  business,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Location  of  works,  Virginia  district.  Storey  county, 
Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  21st  day  of  January, 
W95,  an  assessment.  (No.  44)  of  10  cents  per  share  was 
sold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  of  March,  1895. 
levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corporation, 
payable  immediately  in  United  states  gold  coin  to 
the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company,  Room 
21,  No.  831  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  26th  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

R.  11.  GRAYSON,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  21,  No.  331  Pine  street,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


iNYO  MARBLE  COMPANY    OF    CALIFORNIA.— 

Location  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works,  Inyo,  Inyo 
County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  21st  day  of  January, 
ls95.  an  assessment  (No.  2(1)  of  ten  cents  per  Bhare 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  Immediately  In  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  No.  l;i.  third  floor.  Mills  Building.  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  thiB  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  tiih  day  of  March,  1895.  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction:  and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  5th  day  of  April,  1895,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

W.  W.  SARGEANT,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  13.  third  floor,  Mills  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California. 


DUMBARTON  LAND  AND  IMPROVEMENT  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  principal  place  of  business, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Location  of  works,  in 
the  counties  of  Alameda  and  Santa  Clara,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  22d  day  of  January. 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  7)  of  12^  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
No.  214  Pine  street,  room  55,  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  2dth  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  puolic  auc- 
tiou.  and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  of  March.  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costB 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of 
the  Hoard  of  Directors. 

JABEZ  HOWES,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  55,  21-i  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic- 
process  from  W.  Thomas  et  al.,  In  the  Central  Hill 
Mine,  Douglas  Flat,  Calaveras  Co..  Cal..  to  Impound 
tailings  behind  stone  dams  in  ravines;  from  Gio- 
vanni Rossi,  in  the  Kate  Gray  Mine,  near  Volcano, 
Amador  Co.,  Cal.,  to  Impound  tailings  behind  log 
and  brush  dams  below  mine;  from  J.  E.  Newsoiu, 
in  the  Sbealur  Mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co.,  Cal., 
to  Impound  tailings  benlnd  log,  rock  and  brush 
dam  In  Sutter  Creek;  from  Gianl  Demartlni  et  al..  In 
the  Rail  Road  Hill  Gravel  Mine,  near  Fourth  Cross- 
ing. Calaveras  Co.,  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  behind 
a  dam  on  flat  ground;  and  from  John  Slater,  in  his 
mine  near  Brownsville,  Yuba  Co..  Cal.,  to  impound 
tailings  behind  York  Mining  Co.'s  dam.  gives  notice 
that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  Room  No.  92.  Flood 
Building.  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  Feb.  25th,  1895.  at 
1:30  P.  M. 


■♦-  -the:  -f 

Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J    F.  KEMP,  A.  B.,  E.  M.,  Professorof  Geology, 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 

Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  New 
Illustrations. 

A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coast,  dent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $4.00.    Address 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press*, 

320  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


February  9,    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


96 


Coast   Industrial   Notes. 


Duriug  '1M  1,168,482  tons  of  «x»l  were 
mined  in  the  State  of  Washington. 

The  Bay  Ulty  Iron  Works  Ua  has  incor- 
porated wUnacapltaJ  stock  "i  $10,000. 

TheBUdon  Iron  Works  are  placing  a  100- 
oorae  power  boiler  on  the  Osborn  Hill  mine  at 
t  ;russ  Valh  v. 

Taooma,  Wasli  .  figures  having  sai 
000  iii  *'4  by  municipal  ownership  "i  light  ami 
.-,  Bter  Furnished. 

The  subscriptions  to  the  San  r^ranclsco  inn! 
Sao  Joaquin  railroad  twherae  now  aggrt 
nearly  f^OOO.OOfl  in  this  city. 

\v.  <;    Dodd,  of  the  Union  Iron  Works,  has 
designed  and  will  shortly  put  on  the  market 
l  ore  crusher  aud   the  Onion  ooncen- 
i  rator. 

TJx   i  Telephone  and  Construe* 

tlon-Cu.  lias  filed  articles  of  incorporal  ion  at 

Sin  Jose,  with  U  puld-lip  Capital  sl.n-k  of. 
*.MnUMNr. 

A  syndicate  "f  capitalists  is  reported  t<> 
have  offered  the  Government  133,000,000  for 
its  entire  claim  against  tin-  Onion  Pacific 
Railroad. 

Bight  Hendy-Norbom  concentrators  were 
last  w--.  n    I  trend  Victory   mine  in 

El  i  "oradn  i  !o  .  and  two  '<»  the  Bald  Eagle, 
Alaska,  mine. 

The  sale  of  $42,000  bonds  for  a  water  sys- 
tem for  Ballard,  Wash.,  lias  been  completed 
\,\    iti--  city  00  :epting  ilie  <>lTer  of  a 

BOStOn  hoiisr. 

There  an-  now  in  California  075,000  tuns  uf 
The  loss  in  the  State  bj  the  depreoi- 
ution  in  ill'-  priii-  <>r  wheat  for  the  last  three 
years  aggregates  £22,500,000. 

'i  be  Hedlands  Ele  trie  L.  .v  I*.  Co.  will 
issue  >=inii.iHHi  in  bonds,  using  one- half  the  pro- 
ng up  the  original  issue  and  the 
othei  one-hull  In  improving  the  plant. 

The  Mendocino  Lumber  c>>.  have  cut  the 
wages  ol  their  employes  twenty  per  cent. 
This,  they  claim,  puts  the  wages  they  pay 
I'Mimi  \<>  the  rate  paid  during  '94  by  other 
cuuipanies. 

The  uew  '*Gold  King"  amalgamator, 
manufactured  by  the  Midas  Gold-Saving 
Machinery  Company  "f  this  city,  is  attracting 
much  attention  from  pracl  ical  mining  men. 
Their  headquarters  are  at  1  U  First  street. 

The  largesl  drydocfc  in  the  world  is  now 
under  construction  al  Tort  Orchard,  Wash. 
A  large  trad  of  land  on  Puget  Sound,  sixteen 
miles  from  Seattle,  has  b,een  bought  fur  the 
purpose*,  and  the  work  of  building  is  well  un- 
der way. 

The  .-nasi  line  of  I  he  S.  P.  H.  K.  lias 
reached  a  point  on  the  coast.  The  track  has 
reached  Pismo  beach  at  the  towns! te  of 
*  Irover    the  first  place  south  <>f  San  Francisco 

where  tin-    imiiI     aeliiallv  mines    iluwn     to    the 

ocean  frpnl .  The  work  will  be  pushed  for- 
ward wfthout  delay  under  the  present  con- 
tract, ami  through  connection  between  San 
Francisco  aud  Los  Angeles  will  be  made  dur- 
ing '  he  coming  year. 


PROSPECTING 


|/, 


al    /-,, 


I 
"'  mi  ■  at  I,..,,   ii ,,,{.:   Sttatn 

«"  ■'/•  .   ttri-l'/,   /■/.  ■ 

■       and  Ntatingi    '■>,,!  ..         i. 
UlowpipiDH  "tit hi  and  mini  ral  Kiwolmcns  frr<    to  students     Send  for  Free  Olr 
uulurs,  stating  thesunjeol  you  v.  Ista  to  study, 


■    ■  : 

■ 


THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranion,  Pa. 


TAUGHT 

PL 


JrThe  Ideal  Steam  Oil  Refiner 


5TBAM     POWEH 


The  Purity  Oil  Filter 

FOB      WATKK     IMW'KI!      I'LAXTS 

Will  reclaim  your  waste  oil  and  make  U  equal  and  often  better  than  new  oil.    Will  reduce  your  oil 
mlU  SU  percent  and  Bave  your  bearings,    [n  us.-  with  the  largesl  and  best  plants  everywhere, 
for  prices  and  particulars,  address 

O.    /v\.    DOUO,    137  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 


ck  machines,  ami 


\\ 'c  keep  hi  siur i;  belts  suitable  for  the  Prue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  'l 

make  all  lengths  aud  widths  to  order. 
,      Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  en  or  any  other. 
First,  the  Manges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
inward   the   center,    therefore  readily    con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
iuguviT  the  unci  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
Ranges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically     iivrr- 
/->  come. 

Again,  in  the 

surXape  of  the 

belt  trans- 
versely two 
/  1  eet  apart, 
1  li  e  r  e  is  a 
space  of  one 
inch,  contain- 
, , ,       iug      Iweuty 


iffles  1-32  of 
an    inch     iu 

— —        depth.    This 

tends     to 

iqualize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it   from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
Hue  sulphurets  and  i|iiicksilvcr  that   would   escape  with   the   tailings   from   a    belt    with   an  entirely 


I  RUPTURE! 

IX    has    bean    considered    bj    the   medical 
profeHHtoo  timt  hernia— commonly  called 
rupture-wax  locnrable,  except  by  sorgl- 
r»l  operation,  which  1*  both  dangeroun 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.    Bnt 

DB.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  or  HV,  mi, I  S7  (  IIKOM- 
CI.K  HtlLDINC,  Iihh  Opened  a   new   Held    for 

research,  and  for  the  paKt  year  has  been  mak- 
ing Home  remarkable  cures.    He   causes  the 

patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  uot  lose  any  time  only  while  In  tilm  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
cane  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  u 
dollar  unless  he  cure*  him,  so  there  ean  he  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
in  a  graduate  of   Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 

College,  of  New  York  City. 

Rooks  on  Assaying. 

By  C.  H.  AARON. 


1  smooth  surface. 


H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 


41}t  California  Street.  lliiywitrils  Ituilding; San  Francisco. 


Electric   Elevators. 


The  Sprague  Electric  Elevator  Com- 
pany has  just  closed  a  contract  with 
the  Parrott  Estate  for  the  installation 
ol  fifteen  electric  elevators  in  the  Par- 
rott Building  now  being  erected  on 
Market  street.  Eleven  of  these  ele- 
vators are  high  speed,  and  four  are 
slow  speed  sidewalk  elevators. 

This  contract  is  notable  as  being  for 
the  most  extensive  elevator  plant  in 
America,  if  not  in  the  world.  The  se- 
lection of  this  type  of  elevator  was 
based  upon  the  highly  successful  results 
of  six  that  were  placed  in  the  new 
Postal  Telegraph  Building,  in  New 
York  City. 

San  Francisco  has  been  slow  in  ac- 
cepting the  electric  elevator,  but  con- 
fidence in  it  having  been  established, 
it.  bids  fair  to  replace  the  more  expen- 
sive elevators  now  in  general  use. 


*  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

110  &  113  I1EA1.K  STREET,  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps,    -f    Steam  Engines. 

All  Kinds  of  MACHINERY.     .     . 

•-d 


Hcndric  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co., 

DENVER,     COLOR/ADO. 

LATEST    IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 


ggy! '      ""   IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 


General  Mining;  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


Part  I.— GOLD  AND  SILVER  ORES. 


SECOND  EDITION— PRICE  $1. 


This  work  le  written  by  an  experienced  metallur- 
gist who  has  devoted  many  years  to  assaying  aud 
working  preciaus  ores  on  the  Pacific  side  of  the 
American  Continent.  He  writes  wherof  lie  knows 
from  personal  practice,  and  in  such  plain  ami  com- 
prehensive terms  that  neither  the  scientist  or  the 
practical  miner  can  mistake  his  meaning. 

The  work,  like  Mi-.  Aaron's  former  publications 
("Testing  and  Working-  Silver  Ores."  "Leaching 
Gold  and  Silver  Ores")  that  have  been  ••successfully 
popular."  is  written  in  a  condensed  form,  which 
renders  his  information  more  readily  available  than 
that  of  move  wordy  and  less  conscientious  Writers. 
The  wan!  of  such  a  work  has  loner  been  felt.  It  will 
be  very  desirable  in  the  hands  of  many. 

Table  "'  Contents:— Preface;  Introduction;  Imple- 
ments: Assay  Balance:  Materials;  Tin- Assay  Office: 
Preparation  of  the  Ore:  Weighing  the  Charge;  Mix- 
ing and  Charging;  Assay  Litharge;  Systems  of  the 
Crucible  Assay;  Preliminary  Assay:  Dressing  the 
Crucible  Assays:  Examples  of  Dressing;  The  Melt- 
ing in  Crucibles:  Scorlncaiion:  ("upellation:  Weigh - 
ingthe  Bead;  Parting;  Calculating  the  Assav:  Assav 
of  Ore  Containing  Coarse  Metal;  Assay  of  Roasted 
Ore  for  Solubility:  To  Assay  a  Cupel;  Assay  by 
Amalgamation:  To  Find  the  Value  of  a  Specimen; 
Tests  for  Ores;  A  few  Special  Minerals;  Solubility 
of  Metals:  Substitutes  and  Expedients;  Assav 
Tables. 

The  volume  embraces  lilt)  12-nio  pages,  with  illus- 
trations, well  bound  in  cloth;  1S89.  Price  #l.OO 
postpaid.  Sold  by  Hhe  Mining:  ami  Scientific 
Press,  220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


Ports  II  and  III. — Gold  and  Silver 
Bullion,  Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Etc, 


SECOND     EDITION—PRICE    $1.76. 


RE  GRIN  DING-   VALVES 


"LUNKENUEIMER'S"  Is  the  best  Globe  or  Angle  Valve  on 
the  market.  If  leaky,  can  be  re£round  without  disconnecting; 
from  pipes,  making  same  as  good  as  new. 

Onoe  Used,  Always  Used. 

Also  heavy  pattern  for  marine  purposes,  in  long  tried  use  on 
Steamboats.  Locomotives,  Refineries,  Rolling  Mills,  U.  S. 
Cruisers.  None  genuine  without  oar  name,  which  is  cast  in 
the  shell.  Specify  and  insist  upon  getting  "  Lunkenheimer's." 
New  Catalogue  of  Superior  Steam  Specialties  will  Interest  you. 
Gratis  upon  request. 

909 


This  book  is  entitled  "Assaying— Parts  II  and  III," 
and  is  separate  from  part  I,  and  treats  of  Gold  and 
Silver  Bullion.  Lead.  Copper.  Tin.  Mercury,  Zinc. 
Nlckle.  Cobalt,  ete. 

Tabtv  of  Contents:— Gold  and  Silver  Bullion;  Appu- 
tus:  Melting  Bullion:  Assaying  Bullion:  Humid  As 
say  of  Silver;  Gay  Lussac's  Me! hod:  Volharl's 
Method:  Manipulation;  Lead  Ores;  Copper  Ores: 
Tin  Ores:  Mercury  Ores:  Zinc  ores:  Nlckle  and  Co- 
balt: Chromium;  Bismuth:  Arsenic:  Antimony; 
Sulphur;  Salt;  Note. 

One  of  the  methods  given  for  the  Assay  of  Copper 
Is  new.  original  and  exact,  as  is  also  one  of  the 
processes  for  Zinc. 

The  book  contains  Kil  pages  with  illustrations, 
and  is  strongly  bound  in  cloth.  Much  of  Hie  original 


xt  i 


epl 


'  mailer. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 


220  Market  St, 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


NT  SOLICITORS. 


ORGEXTS 
A  WEEK, 

Ai  borne.  u;iioK  or  Hclliug  Gray 
Plater,  or  collecting  goods  for  in 
[O  plnte.  We  do  all  kindH  or  plat- 
ing at  our  works,  manufacture  the 
materials  and  ouiQls,  and  teach 
too  art.  Wo  sell  the  only  complei-' 
outfit,  including  lathe  .wheel  r,  tool  H 
and  materials  Tor  polishing,  prepar- 
ing, plating  and  finishing  every- 
thing. Circulars  and  prlcei  free. 
Gray  &  Co..  Plutlnc  W.»rk«, 
Dep't4,  OolumbuB,  Ohio. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific;  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  I'ssociates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  bur-office,  we  h  ive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home 1  inventors  by;  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
1  practice  before  the  Office,  and'  the  rretjuent'-'eramiiaf  ion  of  -patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of  , 
I  deternflaj.hg  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought_before  u.<  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  iuventois  the  expense  oi"  applviug  lor  paiehts  upon  inventions  "Which  are  uot  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO. ,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St. ,  S.F.  ' 


Price,  postpaid,  l»1.7fi.  Sold  by  the  M  tuin-  ;m.l 
Scientific  Press,  820  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 

Books   on  Working  Ores. 

BY  GUIDO  KUSTEL.  M.  E. 
Roasting  of 'Gold  and  Su/veh  Ores  (Second  Edi- 
tion)   and    the    Extraction   of    their  Respective 
Metala  Without   Quicksilver.     By  Giiixi  KUSTKI, 
M.  E. 

This  rare  book  on  the  treatment  of  firold  and  silver 
ore  without  quicksilver  is  liberally  illustrated 
and  crammed  full  of  facts.  It  gives  short  and  con- 
cise descriptions  of  various  processes  aud  appara- 
tus employed  in  this  country  and  [h  Europe  and  the 
why  and  wherefore.  It  contains  15(1  pages,  embrac- 
ing Illustrations  of  furnaces,  supplements  and  work- 
ing apparatus.  It  is  a  work  ofgreal  merit,  by  an 
author  whose  reputation  is  unsurpassed  iu  his 
specialty.  Price.  $3,  postpaid.  For  sale  by  THE 
MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Market  St., 
San  Francisco. 

BY  C.  H.  AARON. 
Aauoxs  Leaching  Gold  and  Silver  Okes.  the 
most  complete  hand-book  on  the  subject  extant; 
1(>4  pages,  octavo.  Illustrated  by  twelve  lithographic 
engravings  and  four  wood  cuts.  Fully  indexed. 
Plainly  written  for  practical  men.  In  cloth.  $3.  Sold 
by  THE  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PREPS,  M0 
Market  St..  San  Francisco. 

Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  50  cents  additional  per 
volume. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press.  February  9,  im. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable    Addressi    "RISDON'S"    San    Francisco. 

<^ssB"TIANUFACTURERS    OP^*^" 

Johnston's  Concentrator,       Bry^nJ^lls, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 

The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Established  1860.  Reliance  Works. 

„         .  BRANCH   OFFICES:  „    .   2 

Crushers,  Hoists, 

San  Francisco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

■-»     , ,  D.  B.  HANSON,  Manager.  ~ 

Rolls,  Pumps, 

Denver,  Ool 1316  Eighteenth  Street.  v     ' 

CO.      _,  W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent.  ,_, 

Stamps,  Fans, 

r  NewVorkClty 36   Cortlandt  Street.  ' 

T.  F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager.  _ 

JlSs>  ch.cago,iu 5«9  Home  m8.  BuU<iinS.     Compressors, 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

Concentrators,      MInneapoIls>  MInn 416  Corn  Exoliange.     Boilers, 

J.  F.  HARBISON,  Manager. 

Screens,  _____ Etc.,  Etc. 

Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 

mining,  milling  and  smelting  hachinery. 
LJinion   Iron  Works, 

CORNER    FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS,         -  SAN     FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

mnNUPACTURERS      OF 

MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  Mills, 

/Vlanty  Chili  /Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Slgmoldal  Water  Wheel, 

PUMPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead  Furnaces,        All  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^22^>SHIP  BUILDERS.     *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.     *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  D0CK.<^s__^ 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     I4SBF-,    /»D\A/.»"V.  CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION." 

"t 

. ^   


notice/to  GOLD  MINERS! 


Justinian  Caire,A^t 

Silver -Plmed  Amalgamated  Plates   «**»*****+**»*». 


-DEALER  IN- 


For  Saving  Gold  Assayers'  and. 

OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER.  " 

at  reduced  PRicEs.mi  Mining  naterial. 

ur  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 

replatedr  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED.  MANUFACTURER  OF 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works  MTTERY  mm  m  WIRE  CL0TH 

v*-   iiiirnffrY:/^!*'  Incorporated.  •*?grWWTrTni»    ^ 

send  for  circulars.  68,  TO  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Hoskins' Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  flachinery 

/-"^^^►For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity.-^^,^-^ 
ELECTRIC     POWER     TRANSMISSION  ! 

.urnish™.^"^!  S^^tSSS^^^T»^^r^^^^t^^^^'£^S^"  "  ""*  *  P'ann'ng  "*  eXe°Ut'ng  """  P°W6r  Pla°tS  a"°rdS  aSSm'aDCe  *""  ^  ""* 


CATALOGUES  FURNISHED  UPON  APPLICATION. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


**TNIr 


A.N   D 


-r-.  '  .  '  .  '  _._!_«_L«_!-».  '»'•'»'»'»'.  '«'.'.'.'»'.'.'.'.'.' 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL     &  ^REVIEW. 


,«■»■».»■• 


■«-*-*  l-«-JL^"^J^_l_^«/«  .    »  ."VfVt 


M.I   I    Ml      1    \\ 
Number  7. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  16,  1895. 


THRKE    DOLLARS    PER    ASM    >l . 
Single  Copies.  Ten  Cento. 


Dredging  at    Dayton 


lt>  the  Carson  Rlrcr  I'Lt.  er   Mining  and  Oretlg lug  Company  — 
Recent  Development*. 


After  some  eight  years  o.'  experiment,  and  at  a 
cost  of  more  than  one  hundred  and  twenty  thousand 
dollars,  the  "Carson  River  Placer  Mining  and  Dredg- 
ing Company'  has  at  last  demonstrated   that    river 

dredging  for  gold  and  silver  bearing  sulphurets.  free 

metals — including  gold,  silver  aud  quicksilver — metal 

_  :        -  from  the  mills,  etc..  is  no  longer  an 


C. linstock  lode,  considerable  quantities  of  very  rich 
and  complex  ores  occurred,  anil  these  were  treated 
by  washing  and  barrel  amalgamation.  Later,  the 
ores  became  more  facile,  and  the  system  of  pan 
amalgamation  was  developed  and  applied  with  suc- 
cess. For  many  years  it  has  been  found  practical 
to  beneficiate  all  ores  met  with  by  this  process,  with 
the  aid  of  bluestone  (euprus  sulphate)  and  salt. 

"The  success  of  the  process  is  unquestionably  due 
in  a  large  measure  to  the  chemical  action  of  the  iron. 
Formerlv  the  mills  guaranteed  a  return  of  sixty-five 


"  It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  one-third  of  the  ore 
product,  during  the  early  years  of  mining  on  the 
lode,  was  lost  in  the  production  through  careless- 
ness, ignorance  and  reckless  competition. 

In  the  spring  of  1893  the  company,  tired  of  years 
of  expensive  mismanagement  and  failures  and  of 
promises  expensively  broken,  sent  to  Dayton  the 
general  manager,  Dr.  O.  H.  Warren,  of  Syracuse,  N. 
Y.j  a  gentleman  well  versed  in  mechanics,  prudent 
and  thoroughly  competent  to  master  the  task  before 
him,  i.  e..  to  determine,    beyond   the   question   of  a 


• 


PLANT     OF    THE     CARSON     RIVEIi     PLACER     MINING     AND     DREDGING     COMPANY,     AT     DAYTON,     NEVADA. 


experiment,  but.  from  a  financial  point  of  view,  a 
decided  success.  The  profits  of  labor  to  save  these 
values  by  means  of  dredging,  screening  and  concen- 
tration  depend  upon  several  factors,  principally  the 
following: 

1.  The  number  of  tons  of  sand,  or  "pulp,"  that 
each  concentrator  will  treat  per  day. 

"2.     The   number   of    concentrators  used:  the   per  I 
cent  of  concentrates   obtained   from   the   pulp;  the  i 
assay  value  of  these  concentrates,  and  the  per  cent 
of  this  value  recoverable  by  milling  or  other   proc-  I 
esses  of  reduction. 

3.  The  amount  of  free  metal  obtainable  by  amal- 
gamation or  other  process,  and  the  expense  of  the 
whole  process  of  treatment. 

The  project  of  the  Carson  River  Placer  Mining  and 
Dredging  Company  originally  had  for  its  object  an 
effort  to  recover  simply  the  quicksilver  carried  into 
the  Carson  river  from  the  many  mills  that  worked 
the  ores  of  the  famous  Comstock  lode.  The  follow- 
ing, taken  from  Vol.  4.  page  117,  U.  S.  Geological 
Survey,  explains  clearly  the  origin  of  the  company: 

"Milling. — In  the   early  days  of   mining  on   the. 


per  cent  of  the  assay  value  of  the  ores,  but  of  late 
years  seventy-two  per  cent  is  guaranteed,  and  above 
eighty  per  cent  is  often  returned. 

"On  the  whole,  however,  it  is  improbable  that 
more  than  seventy-five  per  cent  of  the  bullion  con- 
tained in  the  ore  has  been  recovered  from  it.  and  it 
is  therefore  fair  to  estimate  that  the  ore  received 
has  contained  at  least  1400,000,000,  of  which  about 
three-quarters  has  reached  the  market. 

"Competition  aggravated  the  evils  of  scarcity, 
for  as  a  fixed  sum  per  ton  was  paid  for  milling,  it 
was  to  the  interests  of  the  custom  mills  to  reduce  as 
many  tons  per  day,  however  imperfectly,  in  order  to 
compete  with  one  another  at  a  profit.  Guarantees 
of  any  arbitrary  percentage  of  returns,  based  on  the 
assay  value  of  the  ore,  were  rarely  given,  and  unless 
the  customer  became  disgusted  with  the  scanty  yield 
of  bullion  aud  withdrew  his  patronage,  the  mill 
owner  cared  little  for  the  constant  waste  of  metal  in 
the  slimes  or  tailings  which  were  washed  away  di- 
rectly or  indirectly  into  the  river.  Thus  the  Carson 
flowed  like  Paetolus  over  precious  sand,  and  its  bed 
is  lined  with  ores  of  varying  thickness. 


doubt,  if  the  values  were  in  the  river  in  sufficient 
quantities  to  pay.  and,  if  so,  could  they  be  success- 
full}'  recovered. 

Dr.  Warren's  experiments  showed  that  amalgama- 
tion was  practically  impossible,  because  of  the 
amount  of  quicksilver  contained  in  the  river  mate- 
rial, keeping  the  plates  too  moist,  and  that,  for 
other  reasons,  blanket  sluices  were  impracticable: 
so,  one  by  one.  all  devices  commonly  used  were  dis- 
carded, until  nothing  in  use  in  ordinary  milling  and 
mining  methods  was  found  practical  in  this  peculiar 
proposition  except  the  single  one  of  concentration. 
Then  followed  a  long  and  exhaustive  series  of  experi- 
ments and  practical  tests  with  the  Woodbury  and 
other  standard  concentrators.  Upon  the  results  of 
these  carefully  conducted  tests  the  estimate  of  the 
output  of  a  plant  of  given  capacity  was  computed, 
and  it  was  shown,  beyond  a  doubt,  that  a  plant  of 
sufficient  capacity  would  pay  enormous  profits.  The 
Western  department  of  the  company  was  then  en- 
tirely changed  and  reorganized,  by  the  appointment 


(Continued  on  page   103.) 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  16,  1895, 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

utfin    \o    >'«  Market  street.  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Francisco. 
1&~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  street. 


Annual  Subscription.. 


Chicago  Office CHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 


The   Debris  Commission. 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoffiee  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thurs 


.  F.  HALIOBAX General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  February  16,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTEXTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS— Plant  ot  the  Carson  River  Placer  Mining  and 
Dredging  Company,  at  Dayton,  Nevada,  97.  The  Lick  Statuary 
Recently  Completed  in  San  Francisco.  11)1. 

EDITORIALS.— Dredging  at  Dayton,  97-103.  The  Debris  Commis- 
sion; Miscellaneous,  98. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS— The  Age  01  the  Earth,  104. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS— Tesla's  Steam  Engine.  105. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— Electricity  from  Sunlight;  Erratic 
Electric-  Engine  Governing.  108. 

MIXING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  106. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market:  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  110. 

MISCELLANEOUS— Concentrates;  Personal,  99.  The  Great  East 
Lode  of  California;  On  the  Choice  of  a  Career;  Automatic  Water 
Tanks,  100.  The  Lick  Statuary;  Times  Have  Changed,  101.  Dia- 
monds; Lunkenheimer's  Reminding  Valves,  10-2.  Coast  Industrial 
Notes,  107.  The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons,  1U9.  Patents,  HO.  Re- 
port on  the  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.,  111. 


Strong  and  numerously  signed  protests  are  being 
presented  in  the  Legislature  against  the  proposed 
tampering  with  the  State  Mining  Bureau. 


Nothing  is  ever  settled  till  it  is  settled  right,  and 
so  long  as  the  price  of  silver  is  set  in  London,  so  long 
will  be  delayed  the  proper  adjustment  of  the  silver 
question.  There  is  a  proposed  combination  of 
American  interests  to  handle  the  silver  product  of 
the  country  in  New  York,  which  is  a  step  in  the 
right  direction.  It  is  anomalous  and  absurd  if  al- 
lowed to  continue,  that  the  country  producing  no 
silver  should  control  the  world's  price  of  that  metal. 
Of  course,  we  are  not  unmindful  of  the  causes,  nor 
the  facts;  it  is  understood  that  the  big  purchasers  of 
silver  buy  in  London,  and  because  of  that  it  is  in 
London  the  price  is  made.  The  system  must  be 
overturned,  and  the  sales  made  and  the  price  main- 
tained in  the  country  and  by  the  country  that  pro- 
duces the  largest  percentage  of  the  white  metal. 


Washington  papers  are  trying  hard  to  have  a 
State  Mining  Bureau  for  that  commonwealth,  and 
point  to  this  State  as  indicative  of  the  value  of  such 
an  institution.  A  Tacoma  paper  says:  "  The  work 
now  being  done  under  the  State  Mineralogist  of  Cali- 
fornia, and  in  fact  all  the  work  done  so  far  in  that 
State  by  the  State  survey  or  State  Mining  Bureau, 
has  been  the  greatest  aud  most  remunerative  adver- 
tising which  has  ever  been  accomplished  there.  The 
annual  report  and  the  bulletins  of  recent  publication 
are  of  the  greatest  value  in  advertising  the  mineral 
resources  of  that  famous  State."  These  and  hun- 
dreds of  other  utterances  are  respectfully  com- 
mended to  the  shortsighted  statesmen  or  countys- 
men  at  Sacramento,  who  seek  to  destroy  the  only 
institution  the  California  miner  has,  in  the  name  of 
"economy." 


Senator  Teller,  of  Colorado,  has  introduced  a 
bill  in  the  Senate  to  suspend  that  portion  of  the 
U.  S.  Mining  law  requiring  the  annual  expenditure 
of  at  least  $100  on  a  claim  for  the  current  year — a 
repetition  of  the  "  suspension  of  assessment  "  of  '93 
and  '94.  The  Press  favored  such  a  law  in  '93,  the 
first  time  it  was  proposed,  it  being  represented  that 
there  was  so  universal  a  demand  for  such  relief  that 
it  was  in  every  sense  a  public  measure.  There  was 
some  opposition  to  it  then,  but  it  went,  through."  In 
'94  it  went  through  again,  though  the  Press  and 
other  mining  papers  pointed  out  how  one-sided  and 
detrimental  the  result  of  the  suspension  was.  It  is 
ouly  by  results  that  laws  or  their  suspension  can  be 
judged.  The  "  suspension  of  assessment  "  has  had  a 
trial.  It  is  a  failure  in  the  original  intent,  a  detri- 
ment to  the  development  of  mining  industry  and  an 
injury  to  every  man  who  is  in  earnest  as  to  the 
working  or  life  of  his  claim.  For  these  reasons  the 
Press  opposes  any  suspension  of  assessment,  believ- 
ing such  legislation  to  be  against  the  real  interests 
of  the  real  miner.  It  would  be  against  public  policy 
aud  the  public  good  to  repeat  in  '95  the  mistake  of 
94  and  '93. 


CFroni  the  tune  of  the  adverse  decision  till 
March,  '93,  hydraulic  mining  in  California,  except  on 
tributaries  of  unnavigable  streams,  was  under  a 
ban.  After  years  of  effort  and  untiring  struggle  a 
bill  was  passed  by  Congress  two  years  ago  legalizing 
hydraulic  mining  in  this  State  and  prescribing  the 
conditions  and  requirements  under  which  it  could  be 
carried  on.  The  bill  which  thus  legalized  the  rehabili- 
tation of  one  of  California's  greatest  industries  was 
a  compromise  measure,  and,  as  passed,  was  not 
wholly  satisfactory.  Some  of  the  hydraulic  miners, 
from  the  tone  of  court  decisions  in '92,  thought  they 
could  get  along  without  such  a  law.  Some  of  the 
valley  residents  wanted  to  see  no  dams,  no  hj'draulie 
mining.  But  the  passage  of  the  law  was  of  great 
benefit  to  all  classes  alike;  it  settled  a  long  continued 
dispute;  it  made  easy  way  for  the  working  of  the 
mines;  it  allowed  renewed  output  of  gold;  and,  above 
all,  it  put  the  control  of  the  matter  into  the  hands  of 
men  above  local,  sectional  or  personal  prejudice — 
men  skilled,  impartial  and  exact,  unbiased  and  inde- 
pendent; the  provisions  and  enforcement  of  the  law 
being  vested  in  a  U.  S.  Government  Debris  Com- 
mission, composed  of  distinguished  members  of  the 
United  States  Engineering  Corps. 

In  '88  U.  S.  engineers  made  a  report  to  Congress 
on  hydraulic  mining  in  California;  on  the  basis  of  that 
report  the  Cal.  Miners'  Association  worked  for  the 
passage  of  a  bill,  and  when  the  act  of  '93  passed, 
United  States  engineers  thoroughly  familiar  with  the 
subject  were  appointed.  Col.  Mendell,  Lieut. -Col. 
Benyaurd  and  Major  Heuer,  members  of  the  original 
Debris  Commission,  were  constituted  the  United 
States  Debris  Commission  with  power  to  interpret 
and  enforce  the  law  regarding  hydraulic  mining  in 
this  State. 

It  may  be  said  here,  parenthetically,  that  shortly 
after  the  passage  by  Congress  of  the  bill  creating 
the  U.  S.  Debris  Commission,  the  Legislature  of  this 
State  passed  a  bill  authorizing  the  Governor  to  ap- 
point a  State  Debris  Commissioner,  and  appropriat- 
ing $250,000  to  be  used  in  the  construction  of  re- 
straining works  for  the  purpose  of  restraining  min- 
ing debris,  such  appropriation,  however,  not  to  be 
available  till  Congress  appropriate  at  least  an  equal 
amount.  Gov.  Markham  appointed  a  State  Debris 
Commissioner,  but  the  failure  or  neglect  of  the  gen- 
eral Government  so  far  to  appropriate  money  for 
the  purpose  indicated  has  made  the  State  appropria- 
tion inoperative. 

The  State  and  general  Government  having  thus 
been  formally  and  almost  unanimously  committed  to 
the  policy  of  rehabilitating  hydraulic  mining  in  the 
State,  the  work  began.  The  gentlemen  comprising 
the  board  were  given  in  such  appointment  consider- 
able extra  work,  without  any  increase  in  compensa- 
tion. After  some  correspondence  with  the  Secretary 
of  War,  and  it  being  apparent  that  the  appointments 
were  not  civil  commissions,  but  under  the  head  of 
"army  regulations,"  the  Commission  organized  June 
8,  '93,  established  headquarters,  elected  officers,  and 
promulgated  its  rules.  Though  the  additional  duty 
was  unsought,  onerous  and  manifest!}'  unwelcome, 
the  members  of  the  U.  S.  Debris  Commission  have 
promptly,  cheerfully  and  indefatigably  performed  all 
duty  pertaining  to  the  position,  and  have  done  a 
great  deal  of  hard  work.  The  bill  creating  the  Com- 
mission appropriated  $15,000  for  its  maintenance. 
Out  of  this  meager  amount  the  Commission  has  paid 
its  expenses  since  its  creation ;  but  though  an  appro- 
priation has  been  suggested  more  than  once  by  the 
Commission,  none  is  forthcoming,  and  unless  such 
appropriation  is  made  by  Congress  the  active  work 
of  the  Commission  cannot  continue. 

The  matter  has  been  referred  to   in   the   above   to  , 
place  the  salient  facts  in  the  case  before   the   public. 
It  goes  without  saj'ing  that  the  Commission  has  been 
of  material  benefit  to  California.     It  is  a  continuous  j 
bodv.  the  act  creating  it  places  no  limit  to  its  dura- 
tion.  and  the  $15,000  appropriated  was  merel}'  meant 
for  its  immediate  and  initial  expenses.     The  $15,000 
was  manifestly  intended   to   tide  over  temporary  re-  | 
quirements,  but  the  continuous  financial  needs  of  the 
Commission  have  evidently  been  overlooked. 

Congress  adjourns  by  limitation  on  March  4th,  and 
if  anything  is  done  before  adjournment  it  must  be 
projected  at  once.  The  Cal.  Miners'  Association,  to 
whose  unremitting  efforts  the  existence  of   the  Com- 


mission is  largely  due,  has  barely  time  to  effective!- 
direct  the  attention  of  Congress  through  our  Stat 
delegation  to  the  possibility  of  getting  an  adequate 
amount  in  the  general  appropriation  bill. 

During  '94  the  Commission  received  over  one  hun- 
dred petitions  for  permission  to  resume  hydraulic 
mining,  about  three-fourths  of  which  were  acted  on 
affirmatively;  the  gold  yield  from  those  so  reopened 
should  aggregate  over  half  a  million  annually.  The 
one  hundred  petitions  received  do  not  represent  one- 
fourth  the  number  of  hydraulic  mines  operating  in 
the  State  when  the  Sawyer  decision  shut  them  down, 
nor  one-tenth  the  number  that  can  and  will  operate 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Commission  and  by  reason 
of  its  authority.  While  the  Commission  cannot 
perish  or  be  abrogated  except  by  Congressional  ac- 
tion, yet  without  Congressional  appropriation  it 
would  be  powerless  to  perform  the  work  assigned  to 
it.  This  is  a  matter  of  such  manifest  importance  to 
the  mining  industry  of  the  State  that  it  demands  im- 
mediate and  earnest  attention. 

California  has  always  been  modest,  too  modest,  in 
its  requests  of  the  federal  Government.  In  the 
thirty  years  between  '48  and  "78  California  gave  to 
the  world  $1,185,550,000  in  gold;  since  then  she  has 
contributed  $224,000,000  more.  It  would  be  simple 
justice  for  the  United  States  Government  to  appro- 
priate the  meager  amount  required  to  properly  and 
permanently  place  the  hydraulic  mines  of  the  State 
in  position  to  pour  out  a  perennial  stream  i if  gold 
aggregating  more  than  the  thousands  of  millions 
already  yielded;  it  would  be  in  order  to  place  for  im- 
mediate use  the  $250.1100  contingent  upon  which  an 
appropriation  of  that  amount  for  that  purpose  was 
made  by  the  State,  and  it  is  certain  that  if  the  few 
paltry  thousands  needed  to  keep  the  Debris  Com- 
mission up  to  its  present  high  state  of  efficiency  In- 
asked  for  it  will  be  promptly  forthcoming.  Tt  is 
evidently  more  a  matter  of  negligence  than  intent 
to  withhold  that  has  occasioned  the  present  prob- 
ability of  a  check  to  the  usefulness  of  that  bodv. 
No  State  in  the  Union  has  given  so  much  or  got.  so 
little. 

On  this  topic  U.  S.  Senator  Perkins  says:  We 
have  not  been  fairly  dealt  with.  In  the  dark  days 
of  this  country,  when  we  did  not  know  whether  out- 
Government  was  to  be  maintained  or  not,  it  was  the 
gold  dug  from  the  mines  by  California  miners  that 
maintained  the  credit  of  the  nation." 

Ex-Congressman  Clunie  says:  "In  war  times, 
when  the  lamented  Lincoln  presided  over  the  des- 
tinies of  this  great  nation,  he  called  upon  California, 
which  responded  with  millions  of  dollars  taken  from 
our  State  treasury  and  given  to  the  nation,  to  be  re- 
turned at  the  close  of  the  war.  I  found  that  upwards 
of  $3,000,000  had  been  advanced  by  this  State  for 
that  purpose,  and  that  not  one  dollar  had  ever  been 
returned  to  this  State.  I  gave  a  year's  time  to 
this;  went  over  all  the  vouchers,  and  every  public 
official  that  examined  them  agreed  that  they  owed 
this  State  upwards  of  $3,000,000,  not  counting  any 
interest.  I  prepared  a  bill;  it  was  submitted  to  the 
committee,  unanimously  approved  and  reported,  but 
the  appropriations  were  already  made  up  and  if  had 
to  go  over  to  another  Congress. " 

That  is  as  far  as  it  ever  got.  The  money  is  still 
due.  Anything  that  California  asks  from  Congress 
is  but  a  small  percentage  of  what  is  rightly  her  own. 
The  United  States  concedes  it  owes  this  State  $3,- 
000.000,  and  has  owed  it  for  over  thirty  years.  This 
is  a  question  that  transcends  the  limits  of  this  article, 
but  enough  has  been  said  to  illustrate  the  necessity 
aud  justice  of  immediate  appropriation  for  the  sup- 
port of  the  United  States  Debris  Commission. 

A  Denver  paper  says  that  the  assayer  in  charge 
of  the  mint  at  Denver,  to  whom  was  assigned  the 
duty  of  collecting  the  statistics  of  the  Colorado  pro- 
duction of  gold  aud  silver  for  1894,  in  his  report  to 
the  directors  of  the  mint,  places  the  production  of 
gold  at  $10,616,400,  and  silver  23,748,000  ounces, 
which,  at  the  average  price  of  silver  for  the  year — 63 
cents  per  ounce — was  worth  $14,961,000.  the  coinage 
value  of  the  same  being  $30,704,500.  The  increase  in 
gold  production  for  the  year  over  '93  was  $3,000,000, 
which  illustrates  the  great  mineral  wealth  of  Colo- 
rado and  the  unusual  attention  given  to  gold  pro- 
duction. The  gold  statistics  of  California  for  '94  are 
not  yet  complete,  but  it  is  thought  the  aggregate 
will  not  be  far  short  of  $14,000,000. 


,te 


February  16,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


99 


Concentrates. 


AMTiMONTora  Is  being shipped  ><•  this  city  from  Havllah, 
Keni  Co. 

Nk\  4jDi  i"iNn  papers  say  the  reported  Osborn  lliiu  irleans 
deal  1m  off. 

Thi  Courier says  thai  Insideof  ten  years  Presuotl  will  be  a 
second  Denver. 

Thb  Bullion- Beck   (Utah)   mine    declared    another    I 
dividend  on  t be  5tta. 

A  LOO-tos  <  M'M  m  -Mi;  riNti  works  bi  to  be  shortly  bulltat 
Allerton,  New  Mexico. 

Tim  i  ■      hi  Amador  Co  .  is  to  be  sold,  and    the   In- 

debtedness paid  this  month. 

a  Carrigah,  of  Dunham,  Carrlgan  &  Co.,  is  developing  the 
.  Mill,  Nevada  Co.,  mine. 

K.  it.  ' :  koi  is  Exported  to  nave  bought  the  Congress  mine  at 
Congress,  Arlsona,  r<»r  *i,uoo,ooo. 

B.  Beckham,  of  Santa  Barbara,  isabonl  to  build  a  mill  on 
tin-  property  at  Bland,  New  Mexico. 

Dp  to  date  Capt,  Bradford,  of  Utah,  ami  his  wonderful  new 
gold  pi  qi  <t  materialised. 

H.  C.  Hihink  has  bonded  his  mining  claims  at  Carlisle,  Ari- 
zona, to  an  English  syndicate,  tor  180,000. 

Orb  in  BDkkd  msn  air  employed  at  the  Virtue  mine.  Baker 
Co.,  Oregon.    The  monthly  output  is  $30,000. 

Soiru  Dakota  prospectors  say  that  "every  ore  chute  or 
deposit  (other  than  gravel)  lias  its  vertical." 

Two  new  gold  quail/  mills  are  talked  of  at  Can- Pork,  King- 
hum  district.  Utah,  t<>  be  built  as  soon  as  weather  per- 
mit s. 

Tin;  Boston  ami  Montana  Co.  propose  to  put  up  the  largest 
quart/,  mill  in  the  Stair  300  stamps— on  their  Mariposa  county 
property. 

TnK  West  Fork  Placer  Gold  Mining  Company,  Madison 
county.  Montana,  will  expend  $50,000  in  development  work  in 
the  spring. 

Work  at  the  Gianl  King  mine,  near  Washington,  Cal.,  is 
reported  suspended  till  the  rock  can  be  tested  for  its  value  by 
mill  process. 

A  HaRQUA  llu.\  miner  says:  What  we  ought  to  do  is  to 
survey  all  our  claims  because  things  are  getting  badly  mixed 
in  this  camp. 

Tin:  Lakeview  Consolidated  Gold  and  Silver  Mining  Com- 
pany, Beaverhead  county,  Montana,  has  incorporated;  capital 
stock,  $500,000. 

The  Alaska  M.  &  M.  Company,  of  Pike  City,  Sierra  Co.,  has 
bought  i  lie  I  Irizzly  quartz  claim  and  will  work  it  in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  Alaska. 

The  Cariboo  Mining,  Milling  and  Smelting  Company,  of 
Spokane,  Wash.,  has  increased  its  capital  stock  to  $800,000  and 
declared  an  $8000  dividend. 

Pinacatb  district,  Riverside  Co.,  is  reported  producing 
from  $30,000  to  $50,000  in  gold,  and  paying  out  for  labor  and 
supplies  $10,000  per  month. 

Tue  Record  hears  that  a  half  interest  in  the  Tom  Boy  Gold 
Mines  Company  of  Telluride,  Col.,  is  about  to  be  placed  with 
English  capitalists  at  $750,000. 

The  Argus  Gold  Mining  Co.,  of  Cleveland,  O.,  have  bought 
several  locations  in  Snows  canyon,  Modoc  district,  Inyo  Co., 
and  propose  building  a  20-stamp  mill. 

The  total  ore  shipments,  up  to  January  24th,  from  Kootenay, 
were  1302  tons,  value  $171, '. iuu.  In  Trail  creek  two  mines  are 
shipping  at  the  rate  of  $150,000  a  month. 

Chicago  men  have  bought  the  Mountain  View  mine,  forty 
miles  from  Fresno,  for  §100,000,  A  20-stamp  mill,  concentrators 
and  complete  chlorination  plant  will  be  put  in. 

The  fact  that,  as  depth  is  attained  the  Clear  Creek,  Colorado, 
silver  mines  are  changing  into  gold  mines  is  another  illustra- 
tion of  the  fact  that  "  History  repeats  itself." 

A  mining  revival  is  reported  from  the  Panamint  mines, 
southern  Inyo  Co.,  which  have  been  sold  to  W.  Remsen,  P.  A. 
Graff  and  Y.  D.  Dechert,  of  New  York  city. 

Miners  and  others  living  at  Picacho,  on  the  Colorado  river, 
have  in  public  meeting  organized  and  furmed  the  old  Picacho 
mining  district,  opposite  Eureka  on  the  Colorado  river. 

The  Spokane,  Wash.,  Hydraulic  Placer  Mining  Company 
have  elected  a  new  set  of  officers  and  will  resume  work  on 
their  ground  near  Murray,  Idaho,  at  an  early  date  in  the 
spring. 

Jack  Rouse,  who  with  two  partners  located  a  quartz  mine 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  Alaska-Tread  well  mine  ou  Douglas 
island,  Alaska,  is  reported  to  have  been  offered  $75,000  for  the 
property. 

The  Jones  Creek  Mill  and  Mining  Co.  has  incorporated  at 
Crescent  City  with  an  §80,000  capital.  .1.  McLaughlin,  E. 
Courmesford,  W.  Smith,  E.  A.  Work  and  P.  Emetsburg  are 
directors. 

The  Pinon  Mining  and  Milling  Co.  incorporated  in  this  city 
this  week  with  a  capital  stock  of  §20,000,000.  W.  [M.  Sent,  A. 
K.  Durbrow,  J.  F.  Millner,  J.  Fay  and  W.  C.  Stadtfield,  in- 
corporators. 

The  adobe  bricks,  of  which  an  old  building  in  Sonora,  Tuol- 
umne Co.,  was  constructed,  are  being  pulverized  and  washed 
in  sluice  boxes  for  the  gold  th,ey  contain.  The  Democrat  says 
good  pay  is  realized. 

Mr.  W.  G.  Rifenburg,  of  San  Diego,  is  in  the  city  buying 
machinery  for  his  placer  mines  in  southeastern  Nevada,  near 
El  Dorado  canyon.  It  will  be  freighted  from  Kingman,  Ari- 
zona, 100  miles  from  the  mines. 

The  Evening  Star  Mining  Co.,  of  Grass  Valley,  are  discuss- 
ing whether  to  put  in  new  and  heavier  machinery  or  cease  de- 
velopment. The  present  indications  in  the  mine  warrant  a 
continuance  of  work. 

The  Silver  Plume,  Col.,  Standard  reminds  the  local  chroni- 
clers that  the  sending  out  of  exaggerated  reports  is  not  the 
best  way  to  boom  a  camp.     It  may  fool  somebody  for  a  time, 


out  a  nail  3  the  camp  comes  to  be  regarded  with  suspicion,  and  ' 
M  anj  thing  really  good  i^  found  h  i^  hard  Lo convince  the  pub 

lie  that  such  iv  a  fad      n  the  truth  i^  not  sufficient  t..  attract 
attention  it  Is  better  not  to  say  any  thing. 

Tin:  Montana  iffaMoufian  asserts  solemnly  thai  ••Montana 
produced  118,000,000  in  gold  lasl  year.*1  An  alleged  mining 
paper  published  in  Los  Ai  <  iolorado'a  gold  .  leld  was 

greater  than  that  of  California  in  '94. 

With  favorable  silver  legislation  Butte,  Montana,  would 
In  operation  800  paying  mines.    Their  are  a  greal  many 

mines   being    Worked    at     present,     hut    the    larger    portion    Of 

them  art    opper  a        old  properties. 

Tin:  statement  "i  the  San  Diego  correspondent  ol  the  Los 
Angeles  Time*  that  the  Golden  Gross  mine  had  been  sold  for 
$1,000,000 is  denied  in  Yuma,  where  it  is  said  the  mine  is 
worth  vastly  mure  than  that  amount. 

A  COMPANY  has  been  organized  in  Montana  to  work  placer 
mines  on  the  Yahk  river.    The  company  owns  ground   about 

halfway  from  the  falls  to  Snipe  town  and    on    a   bar  above  the 
mouth  of  the  Yahk  on  the  Kootenai  river 

Tin:  Grass  Vallej  Union  says  !•:.  E.  Matteson,  whom  it 
styles  "  the  inventor  of  hydraulic  mining,"  is  an   inmate  of 

the  Nevada  Co.  hospital.     It  says  he  was   the    flrsl    person    to 
us«-  a  canvas  hose  and  nozzle  in  hydraulicking  gravel  claim-. 

A  ■  LBLOAD  of  pi£  tin,  amounting  to  822  bars,  passed  through 
San  Antonio,  Texas,  last  Sunday,  consigned  lo  N.-w  York 
from  mines  near  Durango,  Mexico,  and  said  to  he  the  second 
shipment  of  tin  ore  ever  mined  on  the  American  continent. 

J.  I>.  in:  Lam  ut  is  reported  to  have  sold  his  mines  in  south- 
western Idaho  for  .*-j,ono,oO(t  to  Paris  capitalists,  the  proceeds 
to  be  used  in  developing  his  mines  at  De  Lamar,  Nevada,  and 
aiding  in  the  construction  of  the  pending  railway  through 
Lincoln  Co.,  Nevada. 

Tub  Buttes  mine,  near  Sierra  City,  is  reported  shut  down 
on  account  of  lack  of  water.  Superintendent  Thomas  has 
given  a  crew  of  men  a  contract  for  $500  to  bring  the  water  in 
to  the  mine.  There  are  about  five  miles  of  Hume  and  one  mile 
of  ditch  to  shovel  out. 

Thos.  Jones,  of  Henley,  tells  the  Journal  he  can't  keep 
enough  mining  location  blanks  on  hand,  from  the  constant  lo- 
cations made,  since  the  discovery  of  the  great  porphyry  dyke 
extending  from  the  mouth  of  the  Shasta  river  almost  up  to 
the  Oregon  boundary. 

The  usually  correct  "Ores  and  Metals,"  of  Denver,  reports 
a  find  of  platinum  at  Laramie,  Wyoming,  as  "the  first  plati- 
num discovered  in  this  country."  Platinum  was  long  since 
discovered  in  this  State,  it  being  a  not  uncommon  placer 
product.     It  has  also  been  found  in  Oregon. 

TnE  Yreka  Journal  says  the  miners  at  Cherry  creek  are  pre- 
pared for  ground  sluicing  as  soon  as  the  snow  melts.  They 
expect  a  good  opportunity  of  day  supply  until  late  in  the 
summer,  by  means  of  the  self  shooters,  an  automatic  device 
for  opening  the  taps  when  reservoirs  are  full. 

Austin  &  Co.  of  the  blue  gravel  mine  on  Greenhorn  creek, 
near  Yreka,  continue  to  take  out  from  seven  to  nine  ounces  a 
day,  and  will  do  much  better  when  the  weather  gets  warmer, 
or  warm  rains  occur  to  furnish  sufficient  water  to  wash  the 
tailings.  The  total  cleanup  for  last  week  amounted  to 
$1300. 

Last  Monday,  while  a  cage  was  being  lowered  in  the  Crown 
Point  mine,  at  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  the  breaking  of  cogs  in 
the  pinion  wheel  of  the  hoist  engine  caused  the  wreckage  of 
the  entire  hoisting  plant,  the  cage  and  the  cable  dropping  to 
the  sump  on  the  1100-foot  level.  No  one  was  hurt.  The  dam- 
age was  between  §2000  and  -S3000. 

The  usual  order  of  things  is  reported  reversed  at  the  Sunny 
South  mine,  Placer  Co.,  where  the  white  miners  accepted  a 
recent  cut  in  wages  from  §3  to  §2.50  per  day,  while  the  Chi- 
nese, who  were  cut  from  SI. 75  to  SI. 50  laid  down  their  tools 
and  refused  to  work  at  the  reduced  wages.  Supt.  Power  is 
putting  on  white  men  in  their  places. 

Comparing  results  of  operations  at  the  Silver  King  and  the. 
Number  One,  Ainsworth  camp,  the  Tribune  points  out  that, 
with  the  expenditure  of  labor  equal  to  14,000  ten-hour  days, 
the  Silver  King  shipped  700  tons.  From  the  Number  One, 
with  1200  ten-hour  days'  work,  an  equal  amount  has  been 
shipped.  The  Silver  King  had  a  superintendent  from  West 
Africa.     The  Number  One  is  managed  by  a  Mr.  McViear. 

TnE  Jones  &  Ready  mine,  adjoining  the  De  Lamar  (Idaho) 
mine  on  the  north,  was  sold  this  week  to  the  McKinley  Bros., 
of  Wisconsin,  for  $80,000.  The  purchase  includes  the  Jones 
quartz  mill  and  site  located  below  the  De  Lamar  mill  on  Jordan 
creek.  The  new  owners  will  put  thirty  men  at  work  opening 
up  the  mine  and  getting  the  mill  in  shape  to  work  the  ore. 

The  report  of  John  Hays  Hammond  on  the  gold  fields  of 
Masuonaland  and  Matabeleland  is  to  hand.  It  is  compre- 
hensive, and,  though  conservative,  inclines  to  be  favorable. 
The  conclusion  is  that  wealthy  corporations  would  do  well, 
but  that  individuals  would  not  prosper.  Everything  is  cheap 
but  transportation,  and  railroads  now  heading  for  thai  region 
will  soon  make  that  cheap,  too. 

The  placer  ground  of  eastern  Oregon  covers  the  greater  por- 
tion of  Baker,  Grant,  Union  and  a  part  of  Malheur  aud  Uma- 
tilla counties.  The  same  districts  are  also  seamed  with  veins 
of  gold-bearing  rock  of  greater  or  less  value,  but  a  large  num- 
ber of  them  are  sufficiently  rich  as  to  be  profitably  worked. 
Regular  deposits  are  made  weekly  from  some  of  the  mines, 
and  it  is  an  unusual  thing  to  find  the  Baker  City  bank  with- 
out several  large  gold  bricks  on  its  counters. 

Of  a  published  total  of  331  mining  companies  representing  a 
capital  of  §103,000,000,  sixty-eight  were  controlled  iu  Great 
Britain  last  year.  Eighteen  companies,  representing  £1,221,- 
500  were  registered  for  operations  in  Europe;  10  in  Asia, 
having  £332,007  capital;  79  in  Africa,  with  £fi,230, 780  capital; 
25  in  North  America,  with  £1,0S5,700  capital;  IS  in  South 
America,  with  £2,200,220  capital ;  and  113  in  Australia,  repre- 
senting £7,430,014  capital,  the  latter  country  claiming  over 
one-third  of  the  total  British  capital  so  represented. 

The  Lemhi  Gold  Mining  Company,  with  a  capital  stock  of 
§5,000,000,  divided  into  500,000  shares  of  the  par  value  of  §10 
each,  has  filed  articles  of  incorporation  in  Salt  Lake.  The 
board  of  directors  under  oath— a  formality  exacted  by  law- 
testified  that  they  believed  the  Grand  Central,  Annex,  Shy- 
lock,  Lemhi,  Silver  Queen,   Gold  Creek,   Crown  Point,  Gold 


and  other  claims  in  Lemhi  county. 
<[>oii  which  the  capitalisation  is  based,  were  worth 
now  and  prospectively  that  much.  The  officers  of  theoompauj 
ait*  ex-Congivssman  G.  W.  E.  Dorsej  ol  Nebraska,  president'; 
D.  D.  Johnson,  rice-president;  l.  a.  Benton,  secretary  and 
treasurer.  These,  with  S.  J.  Welgel,  T.  P,  DeQroat,  w  m 
Goss  and  Truman  Schenck,  constitute  th--  hoard  of  di- 
rectors. 

A  member  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange  writes  to  the  New 

Vork  Financial  Record  as  follows      ■■The   space   formerly  de 

oted  to  the  American  market  is  deserted,  but   we  are  better 

off  than  the  brokers  of  the  New   York  stock   Exchange,     We 

have  a  new  pack  of  cards  to  play  with  South  African  proper 
ties.  At  this  moment  the  game  is  lively  and.  so  far,  profit- 
able to  brokers  and  customers,  Can  you  not  give  us  a  new- 
pack  of  Americans  :    The  old  one  is  worn  out." 

TnE  Pilot  Bay,  B.  C,  smelter  burns  thirty  cords  of  wood  a 
day,  and  soon  expects  to  use  eighty  cords  when  tin-  charcoal 
kilns  are  in  operation.  Six  months  ago  the  partially  completed 
smelter  buildings  at  Pilol  Hay  were  surrounded  by  the  wreck- 
age ol  the  high  water  of  last  June.  A  300-ton  concentrator  is 
in  operation,  four  roasters  have  been  built  and  two  of  them 
put  in  use,  an  80-ton  stack  is  almost  ready  to  be  blown  in, 
machinery  is  being  placed  in  iwsition  far  sampling  works,  and 
every  barge  on  Kootenay  lake  is  being  used  to  transpon  either 
ore  or  fuel. 

Tin:  following  are  recent  incorporations;  The  Lake  View 
Consolidated  Gold&Silver  Mining  <'o..at  Dillon,  .Montana. 
.  capital  stock,  1500,000.  Slocan  Surprise  Co.,  "i  Chicago,  Til., 
|  at  Victoria,  B.  C.  :  capital  stock,  $225,000,  with  shares  at  §100 
each.  Bellingham  Bay  Hydraulic  Mining  Co.,  at  Fairhaven, 
Wash.,  registered  at  Victoria,  B.C.:  capital  stock,  §30,000, 
with  shares  at  §50  each.  ^  ahk  River  Placer  Mining  &  Devel- 
opment Co.,  at  Phillipsburg,  Montana;  capital  stock,  §suu,00u. 
Incorporators,  John  Ainslie,  Chas.  Glass,  Dr.  I.  W.  Power,  T. 
T.  Grant,  Vernon  Curtis. 

It  was  recently  claimed  in  the  San  Francisco  Chronicle  and 
Colfax  Sentinel  that  Fred  Howell  of  the  Hidden  Treasure 
mine,  in  Placer  Co.,  was  and  is  the  oldest  miner  in  the  State, 
he  having  mined  right  along  for  sixty  years.  A  brief  but  in- 
teresting biography  was  given  of  the  aged  gentleman  who 
has  spent  sixty  years  in  the  active  work  of  mining.  But 
there  are  fifty-six  other  counties  to  hear  from;  and  calling 
the  roll — Alpiue,  Alameda — we  come  to  Butte,  which  comes 
up  with  a  miner  named  Joseph  Glines,  who  has  been  mining 
sixty-one  years.  He  is  at  present  developing  the  Willard 
mine  near  Magalia.  Mr.  G.  was  born  in  Marietta,  Ohio, 
duly  10.  1815.  In  1S34  he  went  West  in  company  with  his 
father  to  the  lead  mining  district  in  northwestern  Illinois, 
Jo  Davies  county,  and  commenced  his  mining  career  near  the 
town  of  Galena.  After  spending  a  few  years  there  he  went 
to  a  mining  section  in  what  was  then  Michigan  territory,  but 
is  now  the  southwestern  corner  of  Wisconsin,  where  he  con- 
tinued mining  till  the  spring  of .  I  s50,  making  sixteen  years. 
On  the  23d  of  May  of  the  last-mentioned  year  he  left  the  town 
of  Shullsburg,  Lafayette  county,  with  the  pack  train  of  Capt. 
Al.  Townseud,  who  struck  the  gold  mines  at  Rough  and  Ready, 
Nevada  county,  in  1S40,  returned  to  the  States  and  crossed 
the  plains  again  in  1S50.  This  company  reached  Grass  Valley, 
in  Nevada  county,  then  a  mining  camp  of  three  houses,  on  the 
9th  of  September— Admission  Day.  He  spent  twenty  years 
at  mining  in  Nevada  county  and  twenty-five  to  date  in  Butte, 
making  sixty-one  years,  in  all.  He  lived  a  widower  thirty- 
eight  years,  but  last  fall  married  again.  If  there  beany 
older  miner  than  he  in  the  State,  it  is  not  noised  around  much. 


Personal. 

State  Mxneraxogust  Crawford  has  returned  from  a  trip  to 
Placer  county. 

C.  M.  Kenney  has  been  elected  general  manager  of  the 
Pacific  Rolling  Mills. 

H.  W.  Clinton,  a  brother-in-law  of  Adolph  Sutro,  is  to  have 
the  superin tendency  of  the  Sutro  tunnel. 

John  A.  KiKttv,  a  practical  miner,  has  been  given  the  suner- 
inteiidency  of  the  Bullion-Beck,  Utah,  mill  and  mine. 

P.  B.  Pleby,  a  mining  expert,  is  visiting  Metlahtkatla  and 
other  Alaskan  points  in  the  interest  of  Senator  Jno.  P.  Jones. 

Dr.  G.  M.  Dawson,  C.  M.  G.,  F.  R.  S.,  has  been  appointed 
Director  of  the  Geological  Survey  of  Canada,  in  succession  to 
Dr.  A.  R.  C.  Selwyn,  who  has  been  superannuated. 


It  is  the  paper  that  is  most  carefully  read  that 
gives  the  advertiser  the  best  returns  for  the  money 
expeuded.  There  is  probably  no  paper  in  the  coun- 
try that  is  more  closely  read  by  its  intelligent  sub- 
scribers than  this  one,  and  in  every  mining  com- 
munity in  the  west  half  of  America  thousands  of 
readers  weekly  note  every  line  in  its  columns  before 
filing  it  away  for  future  reference.  Since  the  recent 
revival  in  gold  mining  in  this  and  other  States,  the 
already  large  number  of  readers  has  greatly  in- 
creased, and  the  increasing  number  of  inquiries  daily 
received  regarding  matters,  new  and  otherwise,  dis- 
cussed therein,  evinces  the  interest  felt  throughout 
the  mining  world  in  the  Miniwj  and  Scientific' 
Press — the  oldest  of  its  class  in  the  nation. 


The  singular  discrepancies  in  bids  for  work,  so 
often  noted,  appear  in  electrical  as  in  other  lines. 
Recently  the  Interior  Department  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  called  for  bids  for  the  construction  of  a  tele- 
phone system.  A  Philadelphia  company  bid  $2,996; 
its  instruments  made  an  average  of  97?  per  cent  in 
the  test.  There  were  six  bids.  A  Chicago  company, 
whose  instruments  made  an  average  of  95  per  cent, 
got  the  contract,  its  bid  being  the  highest — $5,565.76, 
nearly  twice  that  of  the  Philadelphia  company. 


100 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  l(i,  1895. 


The  Great  East  Lode  of  California. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  W.  H.  Storms. 
All  are  familiar  with  the  term  "  mother  lode  "  in 
California.  It  is  generally  understood  to  comprise 
all  of  those  mines  extending  from  the  vicinity  of  the 
old  town  of  Bridgeport,  in  Mariposa  county,  in  a 
direction  somewhat  west  of  north  entirely  through 
Mariposa,  Tuolumne,  Calaveras  and  Amador  counties, 
and  extending  into  El  Dorado.  The  principal  points 
along  this  great  mineral  zone  are  the  Pine  Tree  and 
Josephine  mines,  near  Bear  Valley,  Coulterville, 
Jacksonville,  Jamestown,  Robinson's  Ferry,  Carson 
Hill,  Angels,  San  Andreas,  Jackson,  Sutter  Creek, 
Amador  City  and  Plymouth.  These  points  are 
directly  on  the  line  of  the  so-called  "mother  lode," 
and  will  serve  to  assist  in  fixing  the  geographical 
location  of  other  mines  to  be  referred  to. 

The  "mother  lode"  has  a  remarkably  straight 
course,  as  a  glance  at  the  State  map  will  prove. 
Lying  to  the  eastward  of  the  "mother  lode,"  at 
distances  varying  from  five  to  fifteen  or  more  miles, 
is  another  gold  belt  second  only  to  the  more  famous 
"mother  lode"  in  importance.  The  course  of  this 
east  lode  is  also  remarkably  straight.  Its  mines 
are  disconnected,  it  is  true,  and  there  is  no  great 
dike  of  ankerite  to  distinguish  it  through  county 
after  county,  yet  there  is  a  persistence  in  the  man- 
ner of  the  occurrence  of  shoot  after  shoot  in  rocks 
of  distinctly  different  character. 

In  Mariposa  couuty  the  east  lode  is  about  fifteen 
miles  east  of  the  "mother  lode."  Opposite  Coulter- 
ville it  is  twelve  to  thirteen  miles  distant.  At  a  point 
east  of  Jamestown  the  distance  is  about  ten  miles. 
When  opposite  Angels  the  east  lode  is  eight  miles 
from  the  center  of  the  "mother  lode,"  the  mineral 
belt  of  the  latter  being  here  three  miles  wide.  In 
Amador  county  the  east  lode  is  but  six  miles  dis- 
tant from  Jackson. 

Thus  it  will  be  seeu  that  the  east  lode  has  a  more 
westerly  trend  than  the  "mother  lode,"  and  ap- 
parently would  intersect  it.  Before  this  convergence 
occurs,  however,  the  country  is  so  much  disturbed  in 
El  Dorado  as  to  render  it  impossible  at  present  to 
say  whether  these  two  great  vein  systems  converge 
or  not.     They  are  not  known  to,  at  any  rate. 

The  mines  of  the  east  lode  do  not  occupy  a  single 
great  fissure,  but  along  a  certain  line  of  disturbance 
we  find  many  fissures,  all  of  which  have  a  decided 
branching  tendency.  The  great  veins  send  out 
many  spurs,  chiefly  into  the  hanging-wall,  though 
they  often  occur  in  the  footwall.  Great  movement, 
which  has  resulted  in  well-marked  striations,  are 
common  and  prominent  features  of  this  belt.  The 
chief  and  most  striking  characteristics  of  this  vein 
system  are  their  branching  habit;  the  overlapping  of 
the  walls;  the  deep  striatum  of  the  planes  of  the 
fissures,  the  grooves  being  sometimes  mere  scratches, 
at  others  a  foot  wide;  and  again  they  occur  in  great 
swells  six  or  eight  feet  across;  the  crushed  and 
broken  condition  of  the  rocks  adjacent  to  the  walls; 
the  frequent  mixture  of  quartz  and  wall  rock  in  the 
pay  shoots;  the  occurrence  of  massive  quartz  free 
from  these  slaty  inclusions  and  usually  very  low  grade 
in  gold;  and  the  universal  presence  of  eruptive  dike 
rocks  with  the  fissures  often  in  direct  contact  with 
pay  shoots. 

The  general  direction  of  the  lode,  as  has  been 
stated,  is  northwest,  but  the  mines  strike  at  all  con- 
ceivable angles  from  east  around  to  west,  though 
most  of  them  strike  in  a  northwesterly  direction.  It 
should  be  noted  also  that  these  mines  usually  conform 
with  the  strike  of  the  enclosing  slates,  though  not 
with  the  dip.  The  quartz  from  those  mines  which 
conform  to  the  strike  of  the  enclosing  rocks  (the 
slates)  always  contains  more  or  less  slaty  material 
and  bears  a  marked  similarity,  but  that  from  those 
fissures  which  cross  the  strike  of  the  slates  is  usually 
more  massive  and  easily  distinguished  from  the 
former,  and  contains  less  of  the  slaty  wall  rock.  This 
condition  is  also  noticeable  in  the  veins  of  the 
"  mother  lode." 

Where  there  has  been  great  movement  since  the 
formation  of  the  vein,  the  tremendous  pressure  re- 
sulting in  crushing  and  granulating  the  quartz,  the 
rock  from  one  mine  can  scarcely  be  distinguished 
from  another.  A  brecciated  condition  is  often  found 
in  these  veins. 

The  direction  of  the  pay  shoots  may  always  be  in- 
ferred from  the  striations  on  the  wall.  They  almost 
invariably  pitch  in  the  direction  indicated  by  the 
grooves. 

Nearly  all  of  those  veins  which  strike  north,  and 
from  there  around  to  the  east,  are  more  massive 
than  those  striking  west  of  north.  This  is  due,  as 
has  already  been  indicated,  to  the  fact  that  the  gen- 
eral trend  of  the  formation  is  west  of  north.  Prom  a 
geological  standpoint  T  consider  the  entire  fissure 
system  as  one  great  lode,  due  to  a  common  oro- 
graphic movement  of  the  western  base  of  the  Sierra 
Nevada. 

The  fissures  cut  everything  in  their  course — gran- 
ites,  slates,   schists,  diorite  and  diabase — and  also, 
isually,  the  later  acid  eruptive  rocks,  which  always 
company   these   veins.     These    light-colored    dike 
cks  wfyich  cut  through  the  older  diorites  and  dia- 


bases, are  found  in  the  bottoms  of  the  deepest  can- 
yons and  on  the  summits  of  the  highest  hills.  They 
are  all  of  the  granitic  type  and  range  from  a  granite 
of  very  coarse  crystallization  (pegmatite),  as  in  the 
North  Pork  mine  in  Tuolumne  county,  or  at  the  Dead 
Horse  mine  near  Summersville,  to  granulite  in  the 
Bandarita,  east  of  Coulterville,  and  felsite  at  Hite's 
mine  and  in  the  Keltz,  north  of  Soulsbyville. 

The  geological  indications  all  point  to  the  fact  that 
these  acid  eruptives  were  first  injected  into  the 
planes  of  weakness  caused  by  a  stress  and  movement 
of  the  mountain  masses,  and  that  the  formation  of 
the  veins  was  altogether  subsequent  to  this  period. 

A  continued  movement  of  the  rocks  on  the  frac- 
tured planes  formed  the  conditions  so  essential  for 
the  infiltration  of  mineral  waters  bearing  the  silica, 
gold  and  several  sulphide  minerals.  These  move- 
ments were  doubtless  continued  from  time  to  time 
during  the  formation  of  the  veins,  and  in  many 
places  long  after  their  formation  was  complete,  un- 
less, indeed,  as  some  suppose,  they  are  still  forming. 
Perhaps  they  are.  I  am  not  prepared  to  dispute  it, 
though  I  doubt  such  being  the  case  at  any  point 
above  the  drainage  level,  by  which  I  mean  that  level 
where  subterranean  waters  pass  upward  from  pres- 
sure and  not  downward  by  gravity. 

The.  masses  of  quartz  present  several  phases  of 
formation.  The  frequent  occurrence  of  a  banded 
structure  (ribbon  rock)  suggests  that  the  rim  was 
formed  largely  by  the  infiltration  of  mineral  solutions 
into  a  mass  of  foliated,  crushed  slate.  In  some  cases 
this  banded  appearance  may  be  due  to  the  original 
structure  of  the  slaty  material,  and  in  others  to 
numerous  parallel  fissures  occurring  side  by  side, 
but  in  the  majority  of  instances  it  seems  to  have 
been  occasioned  simply  by  the  slaty  or  schistose 
structure  of  the  rocks  forming  the  walls,  this  struc- 
ture being  still  preserved. 

Those  portions  of  the  lode  occurring  entirely  within 
granite  are  usually  more  massive  than  elsewhere, 
though  a  banded  structure  is  also  sometimes  noticed 
in  these  mines.  But  I  apprehend  that  in  such  cases 
the  structure  is  due  almost  entirely  to  movement 
and  pressure. 

There  are  occurrences  of  crystallized  quartz  in 
some  of  these  mines,  indicating  that  the  vein  was  de- 
posited in  an  open  crevice.  These  cases  are  not 
common,  however,  on  this  lode. 

The  great  masses  of  white  quartz  sometimes  found 
containing  no  slaty  or  other  inclusions,  I  am  at  a 
loss  to  understand,  unless  it  be  that  the  mineral  solu- 
tions concentrating  at  these  points  from  some  un- 
known cause,  resulted  in  a  complete  dissolution  of 
the  fractured  country  rock  and  its  entire  replace- 
ment by  silica.  In  other  regions  I  have  seen  masses 
of  snow-white  quartz  so  large  and  free  from  all  other 
material  as  to  lead  me  to  believe  that  they  may  pos- 
sibly be  of  eruptive  origin,  altered  somewhat — subse- 
quently, no  doubt. 

The  dike  rocks,  already  referred  to,  occur  in  con- 
nection with  every  mine  along  the  lode.  By  inquiry 
and  investigation  it  was  learned  that  almost  invari- 
ably the  near  presence  to  or  direct  contact  with  a 
dike  resulted  in  an  enrichment  of  the  ore.  I  cannot 
doubt  that  these  dikes  have  had  a  beneficial  effect  on 
ore  deposition.  Just  what  the  nature  of  this  influ- 
ence has  been,  it  appears  difficult  to  determine. 
This  question  has  already  been  the  subject  of  much 
discussion,  and  well-known  authorities  are. 
far  from  an  agreement.  Many  believe  that  the  min 
erals  of  veins  and  ore  deposits  are  derived  directly 
from  neighboring  eruptive  rocks;  others  contend 
that  these  dikes  are  simply  channels  along  which 
mineral  waters  have  found  a  passage,  and  that  the 
solutions  have  deposited  their  contents  in  the  places 
best  prepared  for  their  reception.  It  is  a  well- 
known  fact  that  valuable  ore  deposits  do  occur  where 
there  are  no  dikes,  as  in  the  Missouri  lead  and  zinc 
mines;  but  there  are  fissures,  evidently  having  great 
depth,  through  which  the  mineral  solutions  ascended. 

We  know  of  profound  faults  which  must  extend  to 
very  great  depths,  and  yet  no  ore  deposits  occur 
along  the  plane  of  fracture.  Still,  this  would  not 
disprove  the  hypothesis  that  mineral  solutions  came 
up  from  great  depths  along  channels  afforded  by  the 
fissure  planes  of  an  eruptive  dike.  There  can  be 
no  doubt  of  the  deep-seated  origin  of  the  dike  rock, 
while  there  is  doubt  as  to  the  depth  to  which  the 
most  profound  faults  may  extend. 

The  influence  of  dike  rocks  upon  ore  shoots  and 
pockets  should  be  more  carefully  studied  by  miners 
themselves,  as  a  more  complete  knowledge  of  the  re- 
lation of  ore  bodies  to  the  adjacent  rocks  may  lead  to 
many  important  results.  By  comparison -I  find  that 
many  of  the  most  valuable  mines  of  the  past  and 
present  in  this  State  are  accompanied  by  dike  rocks 
of  marked  similarity,  not  only  on  the  east  lode,  but 
elsewhere. 

The  principal  mines  on  the  east  lode  are  the  Hite, 
Ferguson,  Comet,  Kanaka,  Bandarita,  Hasloe  and 
Red  Cloud,  in  Mariposa  county;  the  Buchanan,  Con- 
suella,  Hunter,  Dead  Horse,  Eureka,  Louisiana. 
Puerto  Fino,  Laura,  North  Star,  Soulsby,  Black  Oak 
and  Keltz,  in  Tuolumne  county;  the  mines  of  the 
American  camp,  Collierville,  Sheep  Ranche,  Railroad 
Flat  and  West  Point  district,  in  Calaveras  county; 
and  those  at  Weiland,  Pine  Grove  and  the  belt  east 
of  Volcono,  in  Amador  county. 

The  total  production  of  these    mines    I   do  not 


know,  but  it  is  a  large  amount,  considerably  exceed- 
ing $10,000,000. 

The  mines  in  the  vicinity  of  Murphys,  in  Tuolumne 
county,  are  not  properly  on  this  belt,  but  are  situ- 
ated between  the  "  mother  lode  "  and  the  east  lode. 
The  Confidence  mine  and  those  near  it,  in  Tuolumne 
county,  lie  east  of  the  east  lode;  and  there  are  many 
others  in  this  eastern  belt,  lying  between  the  east 
lode  and  the  Sierras,  of  which  little  is  known.  At- 
tention is  being  directed  to  that  region,  and  these 
prospects,  so  long  idle,  are  likely  to  take  a  promi- 
nent place  in  the  active  mines  of  the  State. 

There  is  now  considerable  activity  all  along  the1 
east  lode,  and  this  is  destined  to  continue  with  en- 
couraging and  substantial  results. 

The  Comet  mine  in  Devil's  gulch,  in  Mariposa 
county,  is  a  new  enterprise  on  this  lode.  Several  old 
mines  are  being  reopened  near  Summersville,  and 
also  in  the  vicinity  of  Volcano. 


On  the  Choice  of  a  Career. 


,  to  the 
and  the 
his   way 


The  profession  of  a  mechanical  engineer 
uninitiated,  holds  forth  big  inducements, 
young  man  who  starts  in  college  works 
along,  graduates  and  nine  cases  in  ten  is  assigned  a 
position  over  the  drawing  board.  Draughting,  in 
its  higher  forms,  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  sub- 
jects in  existeuce,  especially  when  other  conditions 
are  such  as  to  promote  the  interest.  It  rests  in  the 
hands  of  the  draughtsman  whether  the  machine  will 
be  pulled  down  several  times  in  order  to  correct  mis- 
takes, and  in  many  cases  whether  the  machine  goes 
to  the  "  scrap  heap  "  or  is  shipped  away  a  success. 

One  of  the  first  conditions  oF  good  work  is  a  com- 
fortable place  to  work  in.  How  many  concerns  in 
the  country,  manufacturing  machinery,  have  even  a 
decent  place  for  their  draughtsmen  ?  The  average 
is  a  dirty,  badly  ventilated,  dimly  lighted  room  with- 
out proper  heat  in  the  winter,  frightfully  hot  in  the 
summer;  yet  educated  men  are  supposed  to  go  there, 
use  their  brains,  avoid  mistakes,  and  rush  through 
their  work,  turning  out  machine  after  machine,  hav- 
ing a  highly  heated  gas  jet  within  two  inches  of  the 
top  of  their  heads;  yet,  invariably,  if  a  man  be  taken 
ill — may  be  from  standing  in  a  draught  strong 
enough  to  blow  a  tracing  off  a  table — he  is  "docked  " 
for  the  time  he  is  away.  It  would  be  interesting  to 
obtain  a  list  of  the  firms  that  give  their  men  a  holiday 
without  talcing  a  day's  pay  from  their  already  mag- 
nificent  remuneration. 

The  draughting  profession  at  present  is  a  delusion 
and  a  snare,  as  regards  the  general  machinery  busi- 
ness, and  the  old  plea  that  a  man  is  "learning  some- 
thing" is  no  excuse  for  a  firm  paying  its  head 
draughtsman  $18  per  week.  A  man  can  keep  on 
"learning  something"  until  he  is  ready  to  die  of 
old  age,  living  on  small  pay.  So  many  people  say, 
"It  is  so  hard  to  find  a  good  draughtsman."  Why, 
most  men  who  arrive  at  the  age  of  thirty  either  get 
away  from  the  board  or  out  of  the  business,  driven 
to  desperation  by  the  "learning  something"  basis 
of  pay.  Suppose,  through  nothing  but  competency, 
he  secures  a  very  remunerative  position.  Invariably 
he  is  obliged  to  isolate  himself  from  civilization  in 
some  small  country  village,  or  in  some  swamp,  where 
as  yet,  j. many  concerns  locate  their  works;  and  once  there, 
he  stands  a  good  chance  of  staying  there  unless  he 
is  "  tired."  Some  companies,  heaven  bless  them, 
realize  that  draughtsmen  are  human  beings,  and  a 
roll  of  honor  should  be  trained  for  them.  There 
should  also  be  a  list  of  firms  that  should  be  avoided 
by  any  man  who  has  any  regard  for  fair  treatment 
and  health.  Long  hours,  rushing,  driving  work, 
contemptible  pay  and  hopeless  prospects  take  away 
all  interest  in  the  profession,  which  is  certainly  on 
thedecline. — "Condensation  "  in  Scientific  American. 


Automatic  Water  Tanks. 


During  the  past  year,  says  the  Railway  Ayr,  the 
railways  of  the  United  States  paid  $7,000,000  to 
maintain  the  10,000  water  stations  in  this  country. 
This  expense,  it  is  claimed,  will  be  saved  by  the  auto- 
matic tank  now  coming  into  use.  This  tank  is  actu- 
ated by  steam  from  each  locomotive  as  it  stops  for 
water — steam  that  would  otherwise  be  wasted,  as 
almost  every  locomotive  while  taking  water  blows  off 
steam  representing  more  than  sufficient  power  to 
elevate  a  tenderful  of  water.  There  is  nothing  to  do 
in  operating  the  tank  but  for  the  fireman  to  turn  on 
steam,  which  starts  the  flow  of  water  into  the  tender, 
and  to  shut  it  off  when  the  tender  is  filled.  Thenext 
locomotive  may  be  brought  Vo  the  tank  at  once,  a 
full  supply  of  water  being  always  ready. 


The  American  Shipbuilder  says  the  large  ship- 
builders. Harland  &  Wolff,  Belfast,  Ireland,  who 
built  the  Majestic  and  Teutonic,  pay  riveters  $7.54 
per  week;  patternmakers,  $8.27  per  week;  platers 
the  same;  and  fitters  $6.57  to  $8.  More  than  twice 
these  sums  are  paid  in  this  country  to  the  same 
trades,  and  it  is  no  wonder  that  merchant  ships  are 
built  abroad  iustead  of  this  country,  with  such  a  wide 
discrepancy  in  the  cost  for  labor. 


February  16,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


101 


The   Lick  Statuary. 


O f  the  newest  and  most    notable  of   the  city's 

attractions  is  the  Lick  Statuary  in  front  of  the  City 
Hall.  It  i»  the  result  of  a  provision  in  the  will  of 
James  I, irk  by  which  $100,000  has  been  expended  to 
commemorate  notable  features  of  the  history  of  Cali- 
fornia. <>f  twenty-eight  competing  designs,  that  of 
Prank  Happersberger  was  chosen,  and  the  engrav- 
ing shows  iis  form  and  characters. 

The  monument  consists  of  one  central,  spherical 
structure  of  Rocklin  granite,  47  feet  in   height  from 


many  ways,  represents  the  miner,  the  character- 
istics <>f  which  are  well  portrayed  in  the  illustration. 
The  discoverer  of  sundry  gold  nuggets  is  showing 
them  and  where  he  got  them  from  to  his  two  com 

panions. .who  seem  imbued  with  the  realization  of 
what  that  gold  discovery  meant  to  California  and 
the  world.  The  statuary  constitutes  one  of  the 
sights  of  the  city. 

Times  Have  Changed. 


lint  a  few  vears  ago,  --ays    the   Cos polls.   Wash.. 

RiitiTj>rise,  all   that   was   necessary  bo  coin  m \  in 


grades,  either  of  large  dimensions  for  bridge 
building  or  of  the  smaller  dimensions.  It  is  impossi- 
ble to  pav  the  freight  on  common  lumber  and  sell  it 
in  the  Eastern  market.  The  price  tin-  consumer 
would  have  to  pay  would  be  out  of  proportion  to  that 
asked  for  common  lumber  brought  from  other  places, 
and  there  would  be  no  sale  for  common  lumber  from 
Washing 

Every  mil!  when  running  turns  out  a  certain  per 
centage  of  low-grade  lumber,  for  which  a  market 
must  be  found.  With  the  local  demand  limited  and 
the  Easl  most  effectually  bat-red,  recourse  must    !«■ 

had  to  a   market   opened    to    the    lumbermen  of  this 


THE    LICK    STATUARY    RECENTLY    COMPLETED    IN    SAN    FRANCISCO. 


the  ground  to  the  tip  of  the  spear  of  the  bronze 
figure  on  top.  This  center  structure  is  approached 
by  a  flight  of  steps,  and  wing-like  pedestals  extend 
from  the  main  structure  on  four  sides.  The  main 
figure,  and  the  one  that  first  attracts  the  eye,  is  a 
bronze  figure  of  Eureka,  12  feet  6  inches  high  and 
weighing  8000  pounds.  The  four  side  pedestals  each 
uphold  bronze  figures  of  heroic  size.  Upon  and 
around  the  center  structure  are  bronze  alto-reliefs, 
typifying  California  productions,  and  portraits 
and  names  of  men  who  have  made  California  history. 
The  four  lower  pedestals  each  support  elaborate 
bronze  designs  representing  mining,  commerce  and 
agriculture. 
The  south  group,    and    the    most   prominent,   in 


the  manufacture  of  lumber  in  western  Washington 
was  to  place  a  mill  almost  anywhere,  get  a  crew  of 
loggers  and  mill  men,  and  begin  operations.  There 
was  no  necessity  of  hunting  a  market  for  the  product, 
as  customers  were  anxious  and  waiting. 

But  times  have  changed.  The  home  market  has 
ceased  to  be  much  of  a  factor,  and  the  strong  com- 
petition has  reduced  prices  so  that  only  the  mills 
that  are  favorably  located  and  equipped  with  the 
latest  improved  machinery  are  in  the  race.  A  good 
location  is  absolutely  necessary,  if  success  is  desired; 
aud  such  a  location  must  include  a  convenient  and 
abundant  supply  of  suitable  logs,  and  ample  facilities 
for  shipping  both  by  water  and  rail. 

Eastern  buyers  of  Washington  lumber  demand  the 


State  by  the  use  of  deep-water  vessels.  In  put- 
ting up  a  new  mill,  then,  or  moving  a  plant  that 
has  been  in  use,  the  promoters  of  the  business 
enterprise  would  select  for  a  location  none  other 
than  a  seaport  town.  They  want  a  point  as  near 
their  common-lumber  market  as  possible,  a  point 
where  the  best  harbor  and  docks  can  be,  had,  a  point 
where  all  the  logs  needed  can  be  obtained  easily  and 
safely  held  until  wanted  for  use,  a  point  connected 
with  the  great  railway  systems  of  this  country. 


As  an  indication  of  how  the  slave  trade  sur- 
vives in  Africa,  it  is  stated  that  last  summer  a 
caravan  of  10,000  camels  and  4000  slaves  left  Tim- 
buctoo  for  Morocco. 


102 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February   16,  1895. 


Diamonds. 


The  El  Dorado  Republican  of  recent  dates  has  two 
accounts  of  the  finding  of  diamonds  in  that  vicinity. 
The  more  recent  is  as  follows,  clipped  from  that 
paper  of  issues  Dec.  6  and  20,  '94: 

FOLND   A   DIAMOND. 

Bert  Carpender,  sou  of  Justice  W.  F.  Carpeuder  of  this  city, 
while  panning  some  tailings  from  the  deep  gravel  channels  at 
Smith's  Flat  one  day  last  week,  found  a  very  handsome  and 
perfectly  formed  diamond,  though  not  a  very  large  gem.  He 
picked  it  out  of  his  mining  pan  after  washing  its  contents 
nearly  out.  The  stone  weighs  nearly  two  carats,  and  is  about 
the  size  of  an  ordinary  pea.  The  exact  value  of  diamonds  de- 
pends very  much  on  the  fancy  of  the  purchaser,  but  this  one 
is  probably  worth  anywhere  from  Sod  to  $150,  and  Mr.  Carpen- 
der does  not  appear  to  be  anxious  to  sell  it  for  3100,  as  he 
thinks  of  having  it  set  iu  a  ring.  A  number  of  other  diamonds 
have  been  found  in  the  same  vicinity,  the  most  valuable  speci- 
men being  sold  for  S300,  although  it  is  now  believed  that  it 
was  worth  five  times  that  price. 


ANOTHER     DIAMOND. 

We  recently  announced  that  Bert  Carpeuder  had  found  a 
diamond  at  Smith's  Flat  while  working  some  tailings  from 
the  ancient  river  channels  passing  under  this  place.  This 
week  he  found  another  in  the  same  place.  The  first  weighed 
nearly  two  carats,  and  the  last  more  than  one  and  a  half 
carats.  His  unusual  good  fortune  has  attracted  considerable 
attention,  and  may  lead  to  further  discoveries,  as  so  many 
diamonds  have  been  found  in  this  locality  that  it  seems  proba- 
ble that  they  are  more  numerous  than  has  been  supposed. 
Hundreds  of  them  have  been  probably  crushed  in  the  gravel 
mills,  as  fragments  have  been  detected  in  the  tailings.  It 
seems  probable  that  the  origin  of  these  diamonds  is  in  the 
lava  which  caps  all  the  ancient  river  channels  iu  this  part  of 
California,  for,  except  in  color,  it  appears  similar  to  the  vol- 
canic cement  in  which  they  are  imbedded  in  South  Africa. 


This  is  not  the  first  time  that  attention  has  been 
directed  to  the  fact  that  diamonds  are  a  California 
product,  though  a  rare  one.  It  may  be  that  some 
prospector  may  strike  a  diamond  mine.  Inquiries 
are  occasionally  made  by  placer  miners  and  diamond 
prospectors,  for  some  simple  way  by  which,  without 
the  possibility  of  mistake,  they  can  tell  when  they 
find  diamonds  in  the  working  of  their  placers.  The 
books  on  the  subject  of  precious  stones  do  not  give 
plain  directions  for  that  purpose.  One  often  hears 
of  stones,  supposed  to  be  diamonds,  being  sent  to 
London,  Paris  and  other  places  for  determination, 
denoting  that  there  is  much  attention  being  paid  to 
this  matter.  Melville  Attwood,  F.  G.  S. ,  has  been  in 
the  diamond  mines  of  Brazil,  and  says: 

"I  think  that  the  gold  and  diamond  placers  of 
Brazil,  like  those  of  California,  may  properly  be  di- 
vided into  three  classes: 

"1st.  The  sm-f ace  washings  and  the  ravine  dig- 
gings, which  have  derived  their  gold  principally  from 
the  degradation  or  breaking  up  by  atmospheric  and 
aqueous  agencies  of  the  croppings  of  the  auriferous 
veins.  The  gold  found  in  these  placers  is  mostly 
augular.  with  pieces  of  quartz  adhering  to  it.  This 
class,  to  a  certain  extent,  has  been  the  most  impor- 
tant of  the  three,  as  nearly  all  our  richest  quartz 
.  veins  were  discovered  by  working  them.  For  in- 
stance, in  the  Grass  Valley  district,  at  Rhode  Island 
Ravine  diggings,  the  first  gold  vein  was  uncovered — 
the  Gold  Hill.  Then  the  Boston  Ravine  diggings, 
the  Massachusetts  Hill  mines,  the  Allison  Ranch  dig- 
gings, the  Allison  Ranch  mine,  the  Lamarque  dig- 
gings, near  the  north  branch  of  Wolf  creek,  which 
uncovered  the  Eureka,  Idaho,  etc. 

"2d  class  consists  of  the  recent  river  beds,  from 
which  the  water  has  been  diverted,  and  the  present 
river  beds.  In  this  class  most  of  the  Brazilian  dia- 
monds are  met  with. 

''3d  class,  the  ancient  river  beds,  iu  which  dia- 
monds are  also  found. 

"The  Brazilian  miners  distinguish  the  various 
diamond  placers  by  the  following  names:  Grupiara, 
an  alluvial  deposit  whose  surface  shows  it  to  be  the 
unused  bed  of  a  stream  or  river;  burgalhao, 
small  fragments  of  rock  bestrewing  the  surface  of 
the  ground;  cascalho,  fragments  and  pebbles  of 
quartz,  or  rock  and  sand  mixed  with  clay,  forming 
the  bed  of  a  river;  takoa  carza,  which  consists  of 
the  above  materials  cemented  together,  forms  a 
conglomerate  mass.  All,  however,  are  known  by 
the  generic  name  of  '  Cascalho.' 

"The  diamond  prospector's  outfit  should  consist  of 
a  light  pick,  a  shovel,  and  two  riddles,  one  having 
three-fourths  of  an  inch  apertures  and  eighteen 
inches  in  diameter,  the  other  having  eight  holes  to 
the  linear  inch;  a  miner's  wallet,  which  is  a  bag  four 
feet  eight  inches  long  by  eighteen  inches  wide,  with 
an  opening  in  the  middle — it  can  be  carried  over  the 
shoulder  or  used  as  a  saddle-bag,  and  in  it  a  miner 
can  pack  forty  pounds  or  more  of  gravel  for  a  long 
distance;  a  tub  for  washing  the  gravel  in — this 
may  be  got  by  cutting  a  wine  or  beer  barrel  in  two 
(a  rubber  bath-tub  will  also  answer  the  purpose);  a 
piece  of  rubber  cloth,  to  be  used  for  sorting  the 
gravel  on;  a  watchmaker's  lens  of  two  powers, 
fitted  into  a  spectacle  frame;  and  a  placer  miner's  scale 
of  hardness,  consisting  of  fragments  of  diamonds, 
sapphires  and  quartz,  mounted  at  the  ends  of 
pencils.  This  outfit,  with  the  scale  of  hardness,  can 
be  obtained  of  John  Taylor  &  Co.,  San  Francisco. 
The  scale  of  hardness  can  be  easily  made  by  taking 
the  rubber  from  the  end  of  a  pencil  and  filling 
the  space  with  lapidary's  cement,  which  melts  at  a 
very  low  temperature.  '"Warm  the  fragments  of  dia- 
monds or  sapphires  over  a  small  spirit-lamp,  and, 
while  hot,  Insert  them   In  the  oement.     By  wetting 

[•bo  fingers  and  robbing  the  eomont,  II  can  t) oldoc] 


into   any   shape   desired,    and,   when  cold,  it  will  be 
as  firm  as  if  soldered. 

"  The  sample  of  gravel  to  be  examined  must  be 
first  put  into  the  coarse  riddle  and  that  fastened 
above  the  finer  one.  Then  immerse  both  riddles  in 
a  tub  of  water,  and,  with  a  half-rotary  motion,  wash 
all  the  fine  gravel  into  the  lower  one,  the  dirt  and 
sand  passing  through  into  the  tub.  Then  throw  away 
what  was  collected  in  the  coarse  riddle,  unfasten  it 
from  the  finer  one,  immerse  the  latter  in  the  tub  of 
water,  and- use  a  jigging  motion  till  all  the  heavier 
portions  of  the  gravel  have  settled  at  the  bottom. 
Continue  the  jigging,  and  by  raising  the  riddle  a  lit- 
tle at  one  side  you  can  get  all  the  gravel  to  the  oppo- 
site one.  Then,  with  a  very  quick  motion,  turn  the 
contents  onto  the  sorting  cloth  or  board,  which 
should  be  placed  near  the  tub.  The  heaviest  gravel 
will  then  be  at  the  top,  and  can  easily  be  examined 
and  tested.  Take  the  pencil  with  the  fragment 
of  diamond  mounted  at  the  end  of  it,  and,  pressing 
lightly,  try  to  scratch  the  suspected  stone,  at  the 
same  time  looking  at  it  through  the  lens.  If  no  mark 
or  scratch  is  found  upon  it,  it  must  be  a  diamond,  no 
matter  what  the  shape  or  color. 

"The  fragments  of  diamond  may  be  protected 
from  injury  by  the  metal  covering  used  to  cover  the 
sharpened  end  of  pencils.  In  Brazil,  as  yet,  no  mines 
have  been  discovered  like  those  in  South  Africa,  such 
as  Kimberly,  De  Beer's.  Du  Tort's  Pan,  and  Bultfon- 
tein,  where  the  diamonds  may  be  said  to  be  found  in 
place." 

E.  I.  Dunn,  in  a  paper  read  before  the  London 
Geographical  Society  on  the  African  diamond  mines, 
says:  "  That  the  old  mines  are  '  volcanic  pipes,'  and 
that  they  have  burst  through  these  carbonaceous 
shales,  is  evident.  Is  it  not  reasonable  to  infer  that 
the  carbon,  indispensable  in  one  form  or  another  to 
the  formation  of  the  diamond,  was  supplied  by  these 
shales  ?  " 

The  chances  are  good  that  we  may  yet  find 
in  California  one  of  these  "  volcanic  pipes." 

Johu  G.  Brady,  of  Alaska,  proposes  to  explore 
Mount  Edgecombe  with  a  diamond  expert  and  search 
for  diamonds,  which  are  thought  to  exist  there. 

Late  last  fall  a  hunter  and  prospector  brought  in 
some  brilliant-looking  lava  ashes  to  Sitka,  and 
showed  them  to  Mr.  Brady.  The  latter  sent  them  to 
an  expert  iu  San  Francisco,  who  returned  word  that 
an  investigation  should  be  made  at  the  earliest  op- 
portunity. The  contents  of  that  letter  contained 
astounding  information — pumice  stone  and  scoria 
had  all  the  elements  for  the  presence  of  diamonds. 
Mr.  Brady  has  perfected  plans  to  reach  the  extinct 
crater  of  Mount  Edgecombe,  as  soon  as  the  snow  and 
weather  will  permit. 

For  many  years  mineralogists  have  scrutinized 
the  sides  of  Mount  Edgecombe  with  a  professional 
curiosity,  because  the  lava  scoria,  ashes  and  pumice 
stone  lead  these  men  to  conjecture  that  perhaps  the 
conditions  are  favorable  for  the  lodgment  of  the 
treasures  for  which  Kimberly,  South  Africa,  is 
known  the  world  over. 

The  diamond  is  one  of  the  things  that  the  public  is 
never  tired  hearing  about,  and  is  ever  anxious  to 
see,  discuss,  and,  above  all,  to  possess;  but  few  have 
any  idea  of  the  tedious  and  laborious  process  by 
which  the  precious  gem  is  mined  and  brought  to  the 
light  of  day.  At  the  Kimberly  mines  all  the  en- 
trances are  rigidly  guarded,  and  only  the  written 
permit  of  the  manager  will  enable  the  visitor  to  de- 
scend the  huge  shaft  which  pierces  the  working 
level,  say  1000  feet  below.  In  the  tunnels  of  the 
mine,  which  are  about  seven  feet  high,  the  miners 
are  hard  at  work  drilling  holes  in  the  adamant 
ground  with  a  large  crowbar,  which  they  use  with 
both  hands.  After  making  six  holes  each,  which 
may  take  three  hours,  or  six,  or  longer,  according 
to  the  hardness  of  the  stratum  they  are  working  in, 
they  are  allowed  to  retire  to  their  homes  in  the  com- 
pound and  rest  for  the  remainder  of  the  day.  Dyna- 
mite cartridges  are  placed  in  the  drilled  holes  and 
exploded,  and  the  blue  ground  which  has  been  dis- 
lodged is  shoveled  into  trucks,  each  of  which  holds  a 
ton,  ruu  along  the  level  and  taken  up  the  shaft.  It 
is  taken  in  large  lumps  as  hard  as  granite  to  "  the 
floors,''  where  it  is  spread  out  and  left  from  three  to 
six  months  to  be  pulverized  by  the  action  of  the  sun, 
air  and  rain,  a  steam  harrow  being  run  over  it  from 
time  to  time  to  assist  the  process  of  disintegration. 
In  due  time  it  is  taken  to  the  washing  machine, 
the  work  of  which  is  to  sift  out  all  the  light  deposit, 
called  "  tailings,"  in  which  no  diamonds  are  found, 
and  to  clean  the  "ground,"  which  is  then  placed  in  a 
hopper  and  carried  by  revolving  buckets  to  the  top 
of  an  elevator,  whence  it  is  dropped  into- a  cylindrical 
pan.  As  the  pan  is  rotated  water  is  thrown  on  its 
contents,  and  the  mass  is  chipped  and  sliced  by  iron 
knives,  the  light  mud  overflowing  in  the  center,  and 
the  heavy  deposits  containing  the  diamonds  passing 
into  a  pulsating  receiver,  from  which  it  is  graded 
into  three  different  sized  sieves.  Water  is  then 
pumped  through  the  bottom  and  the  light  deposit  is 
forced  over  the  top,  the  heavier  substance  falling 
through  the  sieves.  It  is  then  passed  by  means  of 
valves  into  tubs,  and  the  important  work  of  search- 
ing for  the  diamond  commences.  Four  times  do  the 
searchers  examine  every  particle  of  the  material, 
and  so  carefully  and  thoroughly  is  their  work  done 
Hint   It  is  said  that  n  balf-carat  diamoiid  might  be 


mixed  with  a  couple  of  hundred-weight  of  earth  in 
the  hopper  at  the  upper  end  of  the  sifting  machine 
with  .perfect  assurance  that  it  would  ultimately 
come  into  the  hands  of  the  sorters. 

Such  vast  quantities  of  gems  are  consumed  in  this 
country  that  the  United  States  Geological  Survey 
has  thought  it  worth  while  to  prepare  a  monograph 
on  the  subject,  which  will  soon  be  issued. 

The  fact  has  been  established  that  the  supposed 
diamonds  found  in  meteorites  near  the  canyon  Diablo 
in  Arizona  are  actually  such.  This  is  a  matter  of 
profound  interest,  indicating  as  it  does  that  such 
stones  exist  on  other  planets.  Some  authorities 
assert  that  diamonds,  like  coal,  which  is  so  nearly  of 
the  same  chemical  composition,  could  not  possibly 
come  into  existence  without  previous  vegetable 
growths  to  generate  their  material.  For  this°reason 
they  infer  that  the  finding  of  the  gems  in  the 
meteorites  proves  that  there  must  have  been  veg- 
etable life  in  the  place  whence  the  meteorites  came. 
If  there  was  vegetable  life  there  is  a  fair  presump- 
tion that  there  was  animal  life  also.  All  this  may  be 
untrue,  but  it  affords  the  first  guess  glimpse  ever 
obtained  into  the  greatest  problem  that  mankind 
has  attempted  to  handle,  namely,  the  question 
whether  life  exists  in  other  worlds  than  ours. 

It  seems  strange  to  take  a  couple  of  ounces  of 
charcoal  in  one's  hand  and  to  consider  that  one  is 
handling  the  pure  material  of  the  diamond.  If  one 
could  transform  into  crystalline  form,  he  could  sell 
these  few  pinches  of  stuff  for  $1000  perhaps.  No 
wonder  that  chemists  are  eager  to  discover  the 
secret  of  effecting  this  change.  To  assert  that  they 
will  never  learn  how  to  make,  crystals  of  carbon 
would  be  absurd.  By  means  of  the  voltaic  battery 
real  diamonds  of  almost  microscopic  size  have  been 
deposited  upon  threads  of  platinum.  But,  even  if  a 
successful  process  should  be  discovered,  it  might  be 
that  the  cost  of  making  a  diamond  by  it  would  be 
bigger  than  the  price  of  a  stone  of  equal  size  and 
purity  from  the  mines.  One  recalls  the  experi- 
ments of  Professor  Sage,  who  turned  out  gold  pieces 
in  his  laboratory  from  gold  extracted  from  the  ashes 
of  certain  buried  vegetable  substances.  The  resul  fc 
was  beautiful,  scientifically  speaking,  but  the  ex- 
pense of  making  in  this  way  one  $5  piece  was 
about  $25. 

The  value  of  rough  gems  of  all  sorts  produced  in 
this  country  in  1894  was  $47,000  less  than  the  output 
for  the  year  before,  amounting  to  only  $237,000.  The 
decrease  was  mainly  owing  to  the  industrial  depres- 
sion. The  precious  stones  of  the  United  States  are 
sold  in  large  part  to  tourists,  who  purchase  them  as 
souvenirs  of  localities  visited. 

Under  date  of  the  1st  inst.,  writing  from  Cripple 
Creek.  Col.,  Mr.  Alfred  H.  Hale,  regarding  a  recent 
article  entitled  "African  Diamond  Mines  "  and  the 
"  Law  of  the  Dutch  Republic,"  calls  attention  to  the 
fact  that  the  Kimberly  mines  are  situated  in  Cape 
Colony  and  are  governed  by  the  laws  of  that  country. 
One  can  readily  see  how  strange  it  would  look  were 
a  person  who  has  speut  some  time  iu  traveling 
through  the  United  States  to  locate  Denver,  Col.,  in  ■ 
California. 

Some  of  the  South  African  diamond  mines  are 
situated  in  the  Orange  Free  State,  but  they  only 
produce  about  seven  per  cent  of  the  diamonds  of  the 
country. 

Lunkenheimer's  Regrinding  Valves. 


We  present  herewith  a  view  of  Lunkenheimer's  re- 
grinding  globe  valve,  which  possesses  some  features 
of  special  merit.  Instead  of  the  hub  being  threaded 
direct  to  the  body  of  the  valve  it  is  merely  fitted  into 
it  plain,  and  rests  upon  a  flange  which  fits  upon  the 
upper  edge  of  the  opening,  as 
shown  in  anuexed  cut.  The 
hub  is  then  secured  by  a  nut 
which  fits  over  the  flange,  and 
is  threaded  to  the  outside  of 
the  body  of  the  valve.  The  re- 
sult of  this  arrangement  is 
that  the  valve  can  be  re- 
ground  at  any  time  with  the 
greatest  facility,  because  all 
that  is  necessary  is  to  loosen 
the  nut, 
a  little 
the  disk 
leaving 
is  free 


remove  the  bub,  place 
sand   and  soap   under 
,  and  replace  the   hub. 
the  nut  loose  so  the  hub 
to  turn  with  the   stem 
during  the  re-grinding. 
SECTIONAL.  A   piece  of   wire  or  nail  is 

passed  through  a  hole  pro- 
vided for  that  jurpose  in  the  lower  end  of  the 
stem  of  the  disk,  %->  that  the  disk  will  turn  with  the 
stem  during  the  n  grinding,  which  of  course  it  does 
not  necessarily  do  when  the  stem  is  in  use. 

The  bub,  being  in  place  when  the  grinding  is  done, 
effectually  centers  ,the  stem  and  holds  it  in  proper 
place,  so  that  the  -egrinding  is  done  correctly.  The 
valve  can  thus  be  readily  ground  while  in  position, 
and  in  many  cases  this  does  away  with  the  necessity 
for  breaking  connections.  The  disk  is  also,  of  course, 
easily  replaced  when  required,  These  valves  (on 
account  of  having  an  outside  thread  and  union  con. 
nection  for  holding  the  hub  to  the  valve  shell)  are 
always  easily  taken    apart,    as    the    bub    [7111   nOl 


Fobruaiy   16,  1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


inS 


. ,  ,,  .  -i  into  ihc  shell,  as  is  thi>  rase  with  all  other 
makes. 

Thei  ■■'  '-i1'"    ,al    throughout, 

tested  and  inspected  before  leaving  the  works,  and. 

as  a  proof  of  their  superiority,  are  extensively  used 

ling  mills,   refineries,   on   locomotives,    steam 

ami  in  the   United  states   navy  on  cruisers, 

where  the  requiremente  are  very  severe     They  are 

made  by  the  Liunkenheimer  Company,  Cincinnati,  O., 

who  will  be  pleased  to  hear  from  any  members  of  the 

trade.     They  have   catalogues   on    brass   goods   for 

which  they  will  send  to  any  address. 

Dredging    at   Dayton. 

1 1  \mtitnu tl  1 1 •'in   /<"•/• 

of  Mr  J.  (  Pierson  of  Sacramento  as  manager,  and 
Captain  Herman  l>n\i*.  a  marine  engineer  of  note, 
to  the  position  of  superintendent,  at  Dayton. 

Early  in  May.  1894,  i struotion  of  the  new  plant 

was  commenced  from  plans  designed  and  drawn  i>y 
Manager  Pierson  and  Captain  Davis,  and  all 
work    was  doni der  the  immediate    supervision 

and  inspection  of  Captain  Davis.  Most  parts 
of  thr  machinery  are  original  in  design  and  were 
perfected  for  this  particular  pro  posit  ion.  The  labor- 
saving  devices  are  many  and   ingenious,    and   the 

ter  found  upon  recent  inspection  that  every- 
thing had  beeu  constructed  in  a  very  substantial 
manner,  The  plant  consists  of  a  large  and  powerful 
clam  shell  dredger,  with  a  two-yard  bucket,  capable 
■  i~ily  handling  from  1600  to  4' " >0  tons  per  day  of 
the  river  material,  The  amount  varies  with  the  eon- 
ditionsofthe  riverbed  and  tln>  proportion  of  rock, 
grave]  and  sand  to  be  handled.  The  dredger  is  run 
by  steam  and  has  engines  amounting  to  150  II.  P. 

The  Becond  pari  ol  the  floating  plant  consists  of  a 
barge  40x85  feet  on  wliieh  is  the  machinery  for 
screening  the  sand  from  rocks,  gravel,  etc.  This 
barge  also  contains  agitators,    quicksilver    traps. 

ces  and  riffles  for  separating  the  amalgam,  quick- 
silver and  gold  from  the  other  materials.      Power    is 

furnished    to  the   barge  machinery  by  one  double 

nozzle  six-fool  I'ollon  wheel  of  80  II.  1'..  working 
under  56  feet  pressure,  and  one  I  loot  double  nozzle 
of  the  same  make  of  30  II.  I',  under  the  same  pres- 
sure. Water  for  these  wheels  is  conducted  from  the 
shore  through  a  twenty-inch  canvas  hose  attached 
to  a  conduit  several  miles  in  length  which  obtains 
supply  from  the  river  above. 

The  third  part    of    the  apparatus    consists    of    the 


Shore  plant,  a  strongly  built  and  double  deck  mill  ill  i 
which  are  a  six-foot  double  nozzle  Pelton  wheel,  a 
six-inch  centrifugal  pump,  ten  Woodbury  concen 
trators  on  the  lower  deck,  and  twelve  Warren  concen- 
trators OB  the  upper-  deek;  and  above  them,  on  a 
third  deck,  a  distributor  for  the  equal  and  even  dis- 
tribution of  the  pulp  to  the  twenty-two  machines 

The  fourth  part  ol  the  plant  consists  of  the  mill  for 

working  the  Sulphurets. 

The  general  operation  of  the  plant  is  as  follows:! 
The  material  is  taken  up  from  the  river  by  the  : 
dredger,  and  dumped  into  the  hopper  on  the  end  of 

ill.  barge,  where  the  large  rocks,  cobbles  and  gravel 
are  separated  from  the  liner  sand  by  means  of 
grizzlies.  The  liner  material  passes  into  revolving 
grizzlies  that  further  separate  the  liner  material 
from  the  coarser,    and    eventually    it     passes    into    a 

large  revolving  thirty-mesh  screen,  eight  feet  in 
diameter  and  eighteen  feel  long.  All  sand  and  pulp 
(which  contains  the  sulphurets)  line  enough   to  pass 

through  this  screen  fall  into  a  tank  beneath,  and 
pass  into  a  centrifugal  pump.  The  proportion  of 
this  pulp  to  the  material  hoisted  from  the  river  bed 
continually  varies;  sometimes  seventy  live  per  cent 
of  the  material  will  pass  through  the  linal  thirty- 
mesh  screen,  ami  at  other  times  not  more  than  ten 
per  cent.  The  average  is  reported  as  about  twenty- 
five  per  cent. 

Prom  the  centrifugal  pump  the  pulp  is  forced 
ashore  through  a  pipe  to  a  pump  on  the  lower  deck 
of  the  short-  plant,  by  which  it  is  elevated  to  the  dis- 
tributor on  the  third  deck  and  from  thence  to  the 
concentrators  below.  The  barren  sand,  or  tailings 
from  the  concentrators,  are  carried  into  the  tail-race 
of  the  Pelton  wheel  that  drives  the  shore  plant,  and 
by  its  current  are  carried  away.  The  sulphurets 
are  carried  up  and  over  the  heads  of  the  machines, 
and  into  their  proper  receptacles.  The  timbers  of 
the  shore  plant  are  of  12x12  pine,  and  the  whole  is 
so  constructed  that  ,as  the  work  progresses  up  or 
down  the  river  the  shore  plant  may  be  moved  in 
pace  with  the  barge  and  dredger.  Returning  again 
to  the  barge;  such  material  as  enters  the  thirty- 
mesh  screen  and  is  too  coarse  to  pass  through  its 
meshes  is  carried  on  and  discharged  at  the  tail  end 
of  the  screen  and  the  peculiar  design  of  its  helix. 
The  material  then  travels  onward  and  into  a  twelve- 
mesh  screen,  where  it  is  again  revolved  and 
screened,  or  sized,  and  from  there  into  agitators, 
thence  through  riffle  sluices  to  the  dump. 

The  distance  through  which   the   material   travels 


and  the  process  of  continually  extracting  the  barren 
sand  and  gravel  affords  conditions  favorable  for  the 
recovery  of  quicksilver,  amalgam  and  free  material. 
This  recovery  begins  the  moment  the  material  falls 
into  the  hopper  from  the  dredger,  and  continues  by 
various  devices,  including  riffles,  traps,  sumps. 
amalgamating  plates  and  settling  pans,  all  -u 
modified  and  distributed  at  various  points  as  to  suit 
thein  to  the  different  conditions  under  which  the  free 
metal  is  presented  for  recovery. 

In  conversation  with  the  writer  Captain  Mavis 
said:  "The  working  of  this  plant  thus  far  has 
shown  that  each  concentrator  will  handle  from  fifteen 
to  twenty-four  tons  of  this  pulp  each  twenty-four 
hours,  and  the  pulp  or  screened  sand  yields  from 
three  to  forty  per  cent  sulphurets.  These 
sulphurets  assay  from  $10  to  £1011  per  ton.  All 
of  the  factors  are  Continually  changing  each 
minute  of  time  that  the  machinery  is  running. 
For  the  short  time  in  which  the  plant  has  been  run- 
ning since  its  completion,  before  the  ice  and  cold 
weather  stopped  operations  until  wanner  weather, 
the  output  was  forty  and  one-half  tons  per  twenty- 
four  hours,  averaging  in  assay  value  of  sulphurets 
alone  twelve  hundred  and  sixteen  dollars.  The  factors 
for  free  material,  quicksilver  and  amalgam  vary 
greatly.  They  vary  from  a  few  cents  to  several 
dollars  per  ton  of  the  material  hoisted  from  the  river. 
The  actual  practical  results  can  only  be  determined 
by  longer  practical  work  with  the  complete  plant. 
Thus  far  the  only  actual  known  returns  of  quick- 
silver, free  material  and  amalgam  have  been  at  the 
rate  of  twenty  cents  per  ton  for  each  ton  of  material 
hoisted  from  the  river.  In  many  places  in  the  river 
the  returns  will  go  far  above  this  figure,  and  at  other 
places  the  returns  for  quicksilver,  amalgam,  etc., 
may  go  far  below  and  amount  to  practically 
nothing." 

The  plant  is  at  present  closed  down,  on  account  of 
the  cold  weather,  ice  and  snow,  but  the  climate  at 
Dayton  will  permit  of  at  least  2(i(l  days'  work  during 
the  year.  Not  including  the  men  in  the  mills  for 
working  sulphurets,  it  requires  eighteen  men  to  run 
the  plant  day  and  night.  These  men  are  paid  $2.50 
per  day  for  laborers,  and  $5  and  $6  per  day  for  ex- 
perts in  the  different  branches,  the  payroll  amount- 
ing to  some  $2500  per  month.  Work  will  be  re- 
sumed as  soon  as  the  weather  permits. 

If  this  be  true  of  the  Carson,  why  not  equally  true 
of  the  Sacramento  and  other  rivers  which  receive 
the  tailings  of  the  various  mines.      A.  C.  Robhins. 


LJinioin    Iroin  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST     AND     MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-mflNUFACTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY,^-- 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed   Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  /Wills, 

Manty  Onili  /Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  U/ater  Wheel, 

PUMPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and   Lead   F~urnaces,        Mil  Classes  of  Marine  lA/ork, 

S^^^»SHIP  BUILDERS.      *       BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *       HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^ss^ 


NEW  VOKK  OKF1CE:     I  4  5    BRO«  D\A/rt  "V. 


CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

San  Francisco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON.  Manager. 

Denver,  Col 13 Hi  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL.  Agent. 

New  York  City 36    Cortland  t  Street. 

P.  A.  LARK1N,  Manager. 

Chicago,  III 50!)  Hume  Ins.  Building. 

J.  B.  ALLAN.  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 41G  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  P.  HARRISON.  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 

The  Gates  Ore  and  Rock  Breaker 

Gives  a  finer  product  than  any  other  crusher  made,  Adding  by  this  means  35  to3i)u0  lo  the  output  of  any  mill,  beside  saving  the  wear  of  the  more  costly  machinery.    It  will  reduce  a  given  amount  of  ore  at  one- 
third  the  cast  In  wear  of  any  other  crusher  on  the  market.    It  requires  also  much  less  power  for  the  same  amount  of  work. 


is  now  being  adopted  by  the  progressive  Mining  companies  in  all  parts  of  the  world.    More  than  3000  of  them  now  rimning, 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Company,  General  weetemAg©nt@, 

121  /Wain  ^Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


104 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  16,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 

The  Age  of  the  Earth. 


Scientists  have  differed  greatly 
among  themselves  as  to  the  probable 
length  of  time  which  the  earth  has 
taken  to  get  into  its  present  condition. 
Professor  Guthrie  Tait,  having  in  view 
the  rate  at  which  the  sun  is  supposed 
to  be  cooling,  concludes  that  only  about 
10,000  years  can  be  allowed  to  the 
earth  since  it  was  capable  of  retaining 
water  on  its  surface  in  a  liquid  state. 
That,  however,  would  presuppose  a 
considerably  longer  period  anterior  to 
the  other,  when  the  globe  was  much 
hotter.  Newcomb  was  disposed  to  fix 
the  outside  limit  of  the  age  of  the 
whole  solar  system  at  20,000,000.  Clar- 
ence King  computed,  from  experiments 
on  volcanic  rocks,  that  the  whole  dura- 
tion of  our  globe  had  not  exceeded  24,- 
000,000.  George  Darwin  figures  out 
the  interval  that  has  elapsed  since  the 
molten  mass  composing  the  earth  threw 
off  the  moon  at  57,000,000.  His  calcu- 
lations start  with  the  influence  of  tidal 
friction  in  retarding  the  earth's  rota- 
tion. Few  estimates,  however,  have 
received  quite  the  same  respect 
from  scientific  men  without  a  special 
theory  of  their  own  as  Lord  Kelvin's. 
Judging  by  the  present  temperature 
gradient  in  the  earth's  crust,  as  one 
goes  downward,  he  thought  that  the 
whole  mass  could  hardly  have  taken 
more  than  100,000,000  years  to  cool 
down  to  its  present  stage. 

Geologists,  however,  while  not  agree- 
ing among  themselves,  have  been  dis- 
posed to  demand  still  more  time. 
Haughton  made  200,000,000  his  mini- 
mum; Sir  Ai-chibald  Geikio's  maximum 
is  680,000,000.  In  view  of  the  very 
slow  rate,  at  which  animal  and  vege- 
table species  change,  in  the  progress 
of  evolution,  biologists  have  favored 
the  longer  rather  than  the  shorter 
periods  here  indicated;  so  that  Lord 
Kelvin  and  some  of  his  adherents  have 
taken  issue  with  those  authorities  as 
claiming  altogether  too  much. 

Such  is  this  distinguished  physicist's 
standing  in  the  scientific  world  to-day 
that  it  has  for  years  been  considered 
rather  audacious  to  question  his  con- 
clusions on  any  point  whatever.  Never- 
theless, within  a  few  weeks,  Professor 
John  Perry,  who  occupies  the  chair  of 
mechanical  engineering  and  applied 
mathematics  at  Finsbury  Technical 
College  has  made  public  his  reasons  for 
greatly  extending  our  estimate  of  the 
earth's  age.  Like  Kelvin,  he  assumes 
a  sphere  with  a  smooth  surface,  and  a 
uniform  heat  of  7000  degrees  Fahr. 
Taking  it  for  granted,  also,  that  the 
conductivity  of  the  interior  portion  is 
the  same  as  that  of  the  crust,  Perry 
gets  the  same  answer  as  Kelvin, 
namely,  about  100,000,000.  But  on  the 
hypothesis  that  the  internal  mass  had 
a  higher  rate  of  conductivity  than  the 
outer  shell,  this  latest  dissenter  de- 
clares that  a  much  longer  time  would 
be  needed  to  bring  the  earth  to  its 
present  state.  On  the  basis  of  ten 
times  greater  conductivity  within  than 
without,  Perry  figures  out'  a  result 
fifty-six  times  as  gi'eat  as  Kelvin's, 
while  he  regards  it  easily  imaginable 
that  290  times  as  many  years  may  have 
been  necessary.  Some  excuse  for  sup- 
posing the  inner  materials  of  the  globe 
to  be  the  best  conductors  is  found  in 
works  of  Dr.  Robert  Weber  and  Pro- 
fessor Joseph  David  Everett,  well- 
known  authorities  on  temperatures  at 
various  depths  in  the  earth's  crust. 
These  experts  are  quoted  by  Perry  to 
show  that  certain  rocks  greatly  in- 
crease in  conductivity  with  increase  of 
temperature.  This,  with  schists  and 
micaceous  gneiss,  averages  about  75 
per  cent  for  every  100  degrees  centi- 
grade; and  at  that  rate  Perry  gets  for 
an  even  earth  perfectly  solid  at  the 
start  (to  say  nothing  of  a  previous 
liquid  or  gaseous  state),  a  result  1300 
times  as  great  as  Kelvin. 

At  last  accounts,  the  latter  gentle- 
man had  agreed  to  look  up  Everett 
and  Weber,  and  to  consider  the  sub- 
ject afresh. 


Ai.van  G.  Clark,  speaking  of  "The 
Making    of    Large    Lenses,"    makes 


special  reference  to  one  forty  inches  in 
diameter  that  he  is  finishing.  The 
polishing  is  done  by  hand,  and  Mr. 
Clark  is  reported  to  have  said  that  the 
heat  of  the  "hand"  so  distorted  the 
focus  of  the  lens  by  expansion  that  it 
required  three  hours  to  cool  it  suffi- 
ciently for  testing. 

Lord  Rayleioh  and  Prof.  Ramsey 
claim  to  have  discovered  a  new  element 
in  the  atmosphere,  an  "inert  gas," 
with  its  own  boiling  point,  freezing 
point,  critical  temperature  and  critical 
pressure — all  different  from  those  of 
any  other  element.  One  of  its  prop- 
erties is  its  invincible  reluctance  to 
combine  with  anything  else.  It  will 
have  nothing  to  do  with  oxygen,  chlor- 
ine, phosphorus,  sodium,  platinum  or 
various  other  substances.  Even  the 
electric  arc  does  not  make  it  take  com- 
panionship with  anything.  One  im- 
portant quality  is  a  great  puzzle.  All 
the  heat  given  to  the  new  substance 
produces  only  the  motion  of  transla- 
tion. In  another  respect  argon  pre- 
sents difficulties.  The  great  Russian 
chemist,  Mendelejeff,  has  discovered  an 
empirical  law  which  associated  the 
properties  of  the  elements  with  their 
automatic  weights.  Now  the  new 
element  has  a  density  of  thirty-nine  or 
forty,  which  does  not  fit  this  law. 
"  Argon,"  which  is  the  name  given  the 
"new  element,"  gives  two  spectra, 
the  red  and  the  blue,  and  it  is  this 
which  raises  doubt  whether  the  investi- 
gators are  dealing  with  one  or  two 
substances.  If  the  latter  should  prove 
true,  then  there  is  a  new  vista  opened 
up,  and  it  is  suggested  that  perhaps 
one  of  the  substances  will  prove  to  be 
Professor  Crooke's  ideal  protyle,  the 
ultimate  basis  of  matter  from  which  all 
others  are  only  combinations. 


The  chemists  of  America,  who  have 
just  held  a  general  meeting  in  Boston, 
do  not  think  chemical  beefsteaks  and 
other  foods  in  sight  for  the  human  race 
just  at  present,  though  chemistry  has 
done  much  to  develop  the  science  of 
cookery,  and  given  great  variety  to 
food  and  drink  by  the  many  essences  of 
flowers  and  fruits  that  have  been 
elaborated  in  the  laboratory.  The  col- 
leges of  agriculture,  and  the  agronomic 
experiment  stations,  of  which  there 
are  now  fifty-seven,  have  done  so  much 
to  increase  the  productiveness  of  the 
the  soil,  and  so  reclaim  unproductive 
lands,  that  Dr.  Wiley,  the  retiring 
president  of  the  Chemical  Association, 
thinks  that  there  is  no  economic  reason 
for  looking  outside  of  scientific  agricul- 
ture for  the  production  of  human  food. 
On  the  other  hand,  Berthelot,  an 
eminent  European  chemist,  publicly 
proclaims  his  theory  that  artificial 
foods  are  in  time  to  suppress  those  of 
nature;  a  time  when  the  covering  of 
the  earth  will  be  for  beauty,  as  in  a 
pleasure-park,  and  not  "defaced  by 
agriculture." 


*  * PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 


Dredgers, 

J  Shovels. 


Complete  "  Lancaster11  Gold  Amalgamating, 
Concentrating  arid  Hoisting  plants  rurnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer 
ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of 
water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outfits  include  "  Lancaster"  1805  Land  or  River 
Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction. 
Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required. 
Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 
machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

39  CORTLANDT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


ROR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  iron,  lead  lined. 
1  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time.    For  sale 
PlJpap.    Address        L.  C.  S.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Office,  S.  F. 


Stamp  Mills! 

VULCAN  WIRE  ROPEWAY 

For  Conveying  Ore,  Cordwood,  Etc. 


Snyder  Mine 

Kennett,  C 

In    reply    lo 

qulry  as    to    1 

Tramwa 

ingr,  am  prepared    r. 
to    state     thai     li 
has  given  ENTIRE 

It  will  give  us  grei 
your  Company  as 
erecting  Ropewa: 


^iTiifiWT,,  ,/i  tf:~,  -     - 

3N  IN  EVERY  PARTICULAR. 

AMWAY  CO.,  POMEUOY,  WASH, 
your  Ropeway  and 
lay  be  thinking  of. 


San  Anoue/ 

I  desire  by  this  letter  to  t 

furnished  lo  this  Cutnpauv 

engineer,  B.  Mclmitv,  Is  o 

entire  satisfaction  since  its  Installation 

ANTONIO  H.  PAREDES,  Ui 


,  Durango,  Mexico,  March,  20, 1894. 

Ilfy  that  the  Vulcan  Wire  Ropeway 
,'  your  Works,  and  erec'    "' 
;he  very  best  class,  and  h 


3Ctor  S.  A.  delaS.  M.  Co 


S32S  Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135 -145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANTKBLL. 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 

N.  W.  Cor.  Main  &  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND    F0RGINGS 

OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

All   work   tested   and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  Hills. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  more  advantageous 
terms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  tor  the  manufacture  of  his 
Patenl  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
iind  sold  these  mills  for  the  past  14  years,  we  know 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
tory testimonials  prove.  We  feel  confident,  therefore, 
that  at  the  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 
there  is  placed  within  the  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL. 
Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OP  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


NEW  METHODS. 


STORAGE  BATTERIES 


NEW    RESULTS. 


By  the  use  of  illuminating  gas  for  power,  in  connection  with  our  Batteries,  twice  the  number  of 
lights  can  be  produced  than  by  burning  gas  direct. 

Our  Electric  Hand  Lamp  now  perfected  and  ready  for  the  market.  Write  us  or  call  for  full  par- 
ticulars, 

EUREKA     ELECTRIC     CO., 

645  MISSIOB  STREET SAIf  TRAHCISCO,  CAL. 


February  16,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


105 


Mechanical  Progress. 


Tesla's  Steam   Engine. 


Much  lias  appeared  in  techuical 
journals  concerning  this  engine,  and 
considerable  speculation  has  been  in- 
dulged in  regarding  its  practicability. 
The  engine  is  a  vibratory  direct-gene- 
rating one,  or  steam  dynamo.  The 
scheme  is  to  produce  electric  current 
without  rotary  movement,  friction  or 
moving  joints  even,  except  of  a  steam 
piston,  which  directly  vibrates  or  re- 
ciprocates— an  armature  between  mag- 
nets. Mr.  Tesla  gives  out  the  follow- 
ing particulars  of  his  direct  steam 
engine: 

I  had  gone  considerably  into  the 
study  of  the  practical  aspects  of  the 
work  which  I  was  to  present,  and  my 
notion  was  that  I  was  touching  upon 
something  which  would  lay  the  founda- 
tions of  a  novel  industry,  perhaps  of 
more  than  one  industry.  I  dwelt 
chiefly  on  those  features  which  pos- 
sessed a  purely  scientific  interest,  my 
desire  being  to  present  the  subject  very 
modestly,  as  I  was  not  quite  sure  of 
some  of  the  questions  involved.  A 
prominent  engineer  came  to  me  and. 
said:  'Mr.  Tesla,  1  want  to  tell  you 
something,  but  1  fear  1  may  offend  you. ' 
I  knew  what  was  coming,  and  so  I 
asked  what  it  was.  He  said:  'Well, 
don't  you  work  on  steam  engines.  You 
have  done  some  work  in  electricity.  If 
you  stick  to  it  you  will  do  some  good 
work,  but  if  you  work  on  steam  en- 
gines you  are  bound  to  fail.'  Another, 
to  whom  1  showed  the  advantage  of  do- 
ing away  with  complicated  mechanism, 
and  generating  electricity  directly, 
said,  after  he  had  watched  it  for  a  long 
time,  '  Couldn't  you  apply  this  to  rotat- 
ing motion  ?  ' 

One  of  the  first  impulses  which 
guided  me  was  to  produce  an  absolutely 
constant  motion,  which  would  be  inde- 
pendent of  any  friction  losses,  or  grav- 
ity, or  temperature  changes  within 
very  minute  limits.  I  wanted  to  pro- 
duce a  positive  motion,  so  that  I  might 
operate  what  I  called  a  disruptive  dis- 
charge coil.  With  a  device  which  I  in- 
vented, I  was  able  to  maintain  a  vibra- 
tion with  perfect  constancy.  The  de- 
vice consisted  of  a  spring  which  re- 
quired several  tons  of  force  to  spring  a 
certain  distance,  and  which  was  con- 
stantly kept  in  vibration  by  steam 
pressure  or  air  pressure.  In  the  be- 
ginning I  used  springs  of  tempered 
steel.  These  steel  springs  would  break, 
though  they  had  a  section  of  two  or 
three  square  inches.  So  I  resorted  to 
air  springs.  The  air  springs  would  not 
break,  but  they  had  no  constant  re- 
sistance. Then  I  made  the  chambers 
of  the  air  springs  communicate  with 
the  outer  air.  This  device  yields  a 
constant  vibration;  and  as  the  force 
which  is  driving  it  is  many  tons,  and 
the  friction  but  a  very  small  matter,  it 
is  unaffected  by  the  pressure,  so  I  have 
a  constant  vibration.  This  is  the  de- 
vice which  I  believe  will  be  used  for 
many  purposes — for  instance,  for  gov- 
erning all  sorts  of  mechanisms,  engines 
and  so  on.  It  contains  much  of  interest 
for  scientific  men,  because  with  it  I  am 
now  able  to  produce  currents  of  per- 
fectly constant  frequency. 

"  When  we  look  at  a  steam  engine, 
and  inquire  where  the  power  comes 
from  that  drives  the  steam  engine,  we 
will  always  find  that  the  power  comes 
from  a  little  box,  a  cylinder  with  a 
piston  in  it,  and  all  the  other  appurte- 
nances are  really  but  to  keep  it  going. 
My  first  idea  was  to  apply  the  motion 
of  the  piston,  which  is  freely  movable, 
to  a  magnetic  field,  to  move  a  magnet 
or  coil  in  a  magnetic  field,  and  so  gene- 
rate currents  by  this  direct  motion. 
We  can  reduce  the  weight  of  the  engine 
for  the  same  pressure  and  the  same 
piston  speed  to  &  or  ^  if  not  EV  of  its 
weight.  We  do  away  with  all  me- 
chanical frictions. 

''The  engine  designed  according  to 
my  ideas  has  a  mechanical  efficiency  of 
99J  per  cent.  In  my  construction  the 
dynamo  may  consist  of  a  simple  coil  of 
the  maguet  and  a  simpler  coil,  which  is 
all  immersed  in  the  magnetic  field. 
There  is  no  useless  wire,  consequently 
dynamo  and   engine,    if    they  are.  re- 


duced considerably  in  weight,  increase 
in  efficiency.  There  is  only  one  engine 
that  can  equal  it  in  output,  and  that  is 
the  turbine.  With  the  steam  turbine 
we  can  obtain  an  enormous  output,  and 
that  is  the  reason  why  the  steam  tur- 
bine in  my  opinion,  may  be  found  a 
valuable  adaptation  for  driving  dy- 
namos. In  reciprocating  mechanisms 
we  can  expand  the  steam  at  an  enor- 
mous rate.  It  is  perfectly  practicable 
in  these  mechanisms,  which  I  have  been 
working  up  to  obtain,  if  you  want,  a 
speed  of  100  metres  a  second;  and 
while  I  do  not  contemplate  producing 
such  speeds,  yet  it  is  quite  possible  to 
do  it.  As  I  am  enabled  now  to  work- 
without  a  packing,  the  expansion  oc- 
curs at  an  enormous  rate;  and  the  en- 
gine being  of  such  character  that  the 
exhaust  can  be  readily  reduced  to 
pretty  nearly  the  atmospheric  pressure 
and  the  mechanical  friction  is  reduced 
to  such  a  small  figure  that  we  can  raise 
the  temperature  of  the  steam  very 
considerably. 

"  I  am  now  preparing  a  boiler  which 
will  give  me  up  to  350  pounds  pressure. 
If  we  want  to  drive  motors  we  must 
have  a  long  stroke  and  a  slow  fre- 
quency; if  we  want  to  light  lamps  then 
we  want  a  very  short  stroke  and  a  very 
rapid  motion.  It  is  very  important  in 
this  mechanism,  in  which  the  power 
depends  on  the  square,  to  obtain  as 
high  a  pressure  as  possible.  It  is  more 
economical  to  produce  rapid  vibrations 
than  low  vibrations.  But,  so  far  as 
the  economy  of  the  dynamo  and  of  the 
engine  is  concerned,  it  is  better  to 
produce  a  long  stroke,  because  a  long 
stroke  means  a  high  velocity.  I  think 
I  am  not  mistaken  in  believing  that  we 
are  going  very  shortly  to  have  a  means 
at  hand  of  producing  twice  as  much 
electricity  from  coal  as  we  can  produce 
at  the  present  time.  This  is  subject, 
of  course,  to  a  test,  but  I  am  quite  con- 
fident it  can  be  done." 


Discoursing  on  the  weathering  of 
fuels,  Wm.  White,  Jr.,  gives  informa- 
tion on  the  loss  of  value  in  fuel  by  ex- 
posure to  the  weather.  Bituminous 
coals  are  stated  to  lose  fifteen  to 
twenty  per  cent  of  their  volatile  prod- 
ucts during  the  first  twenty  days  after 
mining.  Exposed  to  a  temperature  of 
281°  they  lose  all  their  hydrocarbons. 
W.  E.  Koch  gives  the  following  illus- 
tration of  the  loss  in  value  from  stor- 
age: "About  twenty  years  ago  we 
had  some  labor  troubles,  and  in  antici- 
pation of  a  strike  our  firm  laid  in  a 
large  quantity  of  coal,  the  bulk  of  it 
being  under  cover.  The  strike  came 
on  about  a  year  afterward.  An  analy- 
sis showed  that  the  coal  when  first  put 
there  contained  about  six  per  cent  of 
ash  and  about  thirty-one  per  cent  of 
volatile  matter.  At  the  end  of  twelve 
months  an  analysis  gave,  ash  sixteen 
per  cent  and  about  twenty-one  per 
cent  volatile  matter.  The  coal  being 
put  under  a  producer  to  make  gas  put 
the  producer  out,  and  we  had  to  shut 
down.  I  think  that  is  the  best  instance 
I  ever  saw  of  weathered  coal.  An- 
other case  came  under  my  observation. 
We  had  some  coal  sent  over  from  the 
East  Indies  to  England,  it  being 
shipped  from  Bombay.  There  were 
two  lots,  and  both  put  on  the  ship  at 
about  the  same  time,  one  deep  down 
and  the  other  high  up  in  the  hold.  The 
coal  high  up  came  through  in  good 
order.  A  chemical  analysis  showed 
this  to  have  about  thirty  per  cent  vola- 
tile matter  and  the  other  twenty  per 
cent.  The  one  lot  of  coal  made  very 
good  gas  and  good  steel,  while  the 
other  put  the  producer  out.  We  had  a 
similar  experience  with  blast  furnaces. 
We  had  an  old  bank  of  coke  that  had 
been  lying  undisturbed  for  a  great 
many  years.  They  said:  'This  is  all 
right.'  So  we  put  it  into  the  furnaces, 
and  it  cost  us  about  $6000  to  get  it  out 


INVENTORS,      Take      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

22<i  MARKET  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  SlatrB),  SAN 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasBWork.  All  eommunlea- 
tlons  atricUu  confidential. 


Back  Piles  of  the  Misting  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  hg4  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  mouths,  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
In  Dawes's  patent  Wilder,  50  csnui  »ddt|,|pna)  per 

vohime: 


*  »?r  FOR  ALL  PURPOSES  3.  "^ 

Wl  r\  L  r\0  PE  Tf\AM W/\VS . 

MNTON-M-Cl 

*  TRENTON,  N.  J.  ^ 

N.v.orricE  I 

CO0PER.HEWITT&CO.-I7BURLINC  SLIP  I 

CHICAGO     OFFICE      <."  > IT*  MI4MOKUM0CKB'tD'Cl 


SISKIYOU 

QUARTZ  AND  PLACER 

Gold  Mines. 


Parties  desiring  to  invest  in  paying  quartz  or 
placer  gold  mines  or  in  undeveloped  mines  of 
demonstrated  merit,  in  Siskiyou  county,  will  learn 
of  several  excellent  chances  for  safe  and  profitable 
investment  by  addressing 

G.  B.  ROBERTSON,  Attorney-at-Law, 


YREKA,  CAL. 


Reference  by  permission  to 

Siskiyou  County  Bank Yreka,  Cal. 

Hon.  John  Daggett,  Supt.  Mint San  Francisco. 


Selby  Smelting 

i— » in  i «— ■ 

Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay    Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES  PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 


Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,     LEAD    PIPE,     SHEET     LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

7V\ine>  etncl  TWill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  mission,  San  Francisco. 


of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-  ^_ 

ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  sWvTnisEA/ 

panies,  Prospectors,  etc.,   to     \^}^l£/ 

our   full    stock   of   Balances, 

Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scoriflers,  etc., 

including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  tirsL  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<O> 

— MANUFACTUBEBS  OF— 

STEAIl  ENGINES,  BOILERS, 

And  alt  kinds  of 
♦    -f    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IV  tfc  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 

ISrWELLMflCHINERYw  ^ 

All  ktmlB  of  tool..  Fortune  for  thedriller  by  Dslner  our 
Adamantine  prooewi; can  take  aoore.  Perfected  Et'onom 
(cut  Artefllao  Pumolnif  RiKfl  to  work  by  Bt*.m,  Alr.etr. 
Let  an  help  you.  TRE  AMERICAN  WEJ.L  WORKS, 

♦  ewe,  IJM  P»lo»»o,  W->  P»li»».  Turn. 


Founded  t»j  Mathea  Oarty, 

III   SKY     CAI5KY     H.\IK1>     St     CO., 

Industrial    Publishers,     Bookskxebs     am* 

Importers. 

Rio  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  0.  s.  \. 

•y-Our  Now  and   Revlsril  Cmm.ikuo  .it  l'nn-tk-al 
and  Soi.-ntlflo  Books,  8S  Pages.  8vo„  and  our  other 
i  StalOgues  and  Circulars,  llu-wliolorovorlngevery 
brunch  of  Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent    ■ 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  o[  lh. 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 


LIMITED. 

T.AOE   MArtK. 


IM'ARTHUR-FORREST  PftOKMO 

MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -         £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MAOARTHUR-KORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution ol  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  At  torne?  ;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhek  Building,  Dknvkr.  Colohadi  i. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


^^7~  Pioneer  Screen  Works! 
~  JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals,  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  UseB. 

*** MHOWG  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

221  and  333  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


teSRtfl 


^S? 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


■  A  specially.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel, Cast  i 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron.  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


Busin 

24  Post  Street, 


College, 

San  Francisco. 


FOR    SEVENTY -FIVE    DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type-Writing 
Bookkeeping1,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining- 
to  business,  for  full  six  mouths.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  Is  thorouplily  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


HENDRIE& 
BQLTH0FF 

Mfftcft. 

DENVER 
COLO. 


MINING, 
MILLING 

SMELTING 
SUPPLIES 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOK  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 
of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.      -      426  California  Street, 
san  francisco. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hapd  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Ropp,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc,  etc.  4®*Extra 
sizflg  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

(*11  »BS*  0J3  ymW?  STr,  0»O  muwtvca,V»i. 


106 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  16,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 


SITTER    CREEK    DISTRICT. 

The  Mahoxey.— Record:  A  pump  has  been 
put  in  the  Maboney  mine  which  handles  the 
surface  water  from  the  200-foot  level.  This 
addition  to  the  water-hoisting  power  is  a 
great  help,  as  the  skips  can  now  easily  control 
the  water  below  that  point  and  steadily  lower 
it  in  any  weather.  The  shaft  is  drained  to 
near  the  550-foot  level. 

PLYMOUTH    DISTRICT. 

The  Philadelphia. — Ledger:  The  Phila- 
delphia is  one  of  the  properties  being  worked 
by  the  English  syndicate.  They  have  just  in- 
stalled ten  stamps  of  their  twenty-stamp  mill, 
and  started  up.  The  rock  they  are  putting 
through  is  taken  from  an  open  cut,  making  the 
cost  of  milling  per  ton  very  little.  W.H. 
Kroning,  under  whose  supervision  the  mining 
and  milling  is  being  done,  estimates  that 
when  the  twenty  stamps  are  running,  the 
cost  per  ton  will  not  exceed  fifty  cents.  By 
spring  the  mill  will  be  supplied  with  concen- 
trators and  a  blanket  plant  for  saving  sul- 
phurets. 

Calaveras- 

Sold  Hek  Mike.— Mrs.  J.  J.  McSorley  has 
sold  her  mine  in  Chili  Gulch  to  a  capitalist, 
who  proposes  to  develop  it. 

Empire  Mill.— Calaveras  Prospect  :  The 
new  mill  on  the  Empire  mine,  adjoining  the 
Pine  Log,  started  up  this  week  on  first-class 
rock.  The  indications  are  good  for  a  first-rate 
mine. 

The  Boston  Mink— The  old  Esperanza,  or 
Boston  mine,  of  Buckeye  Gulch,  Mokelumne 
Hill,  is  being  thoroughly  prospected  after 
lying  idle  for  fourteen  years. 

The  Birney  Mine.— By  a  voluntary  ar- 
rangement between  the  owners  and  the 
employes  of  the  Birney  mine  the  latter  have 
taken  charge  of  the  mine  until  such  time  as 
sufficient  gold  is  taken  out  to  settle  their  sev- 
eral claims.  The  men  agree  incidentally  to 
sink  the  shaft  100  feet,  and  do  other  necessary 
development  work.  Mr.  Poor  is  the  new 
superintendent  of  the  property  and  James 
Denny  foreman  of  the  mine. 
El  Dorado. 

Sold  for  $6000. — Democrat:  Joseph  and 
Wm.  Rupeley  were  in  town  Wednesday  last, 
closing  up  the  sale  of  the  Lone  Star  mine. 
The  mine  is  situated  above  Smith's  Flat,  and 
was  sold  by  Marshall  Hughes  and  Wm.  Rup- 
eley to  a  San  Francisco  company,  the  consider- 
ation being  $6000. 

Kern. 

Havilah  and  Vicinity. —Havilah,  at  one 
time  the  most  flourishing  mining  camp  in 
Kern  county,  lies  six  miles  north  of  Keyes- 
ville  and  in  the  center  of  one  of  the  principal 
gold-bearing  regions.  Most  of  the  mines  are 
located  in  the  granite,  just  west  of  a  belt  of 
metamorphosed  slate  and  limestone,  which 
stretches  for  a  considerable  distance  in  a  gen- 
eral northerly  and  southerly  direction  along 
the  slopes  of  the  mountains  west  of  the  town. 

As  late  as  1SS7  a  number  of  mines  were 
worked  regularly  and  in  good  ore.  and  several 
ten  and  twenty-stamp  mills  were  running. 
After  these  were  destroyed  by  fire  on  the 
13th  of  November  of  that  year,  the  people 
seemed  to  have  become  discouraged,  and  to- 
day most  of  the  old  mines,  among  them  several 
that  produced  rich  ore  to  the  very  last,  are 
lying  idle  and  have  caved  in.  Among  these 
are  the  Oriental,  the  Warrington,  the  Roche- 
fort,  St.  Charles,  Surprise,  Eustacia,  Confi- 
dence. Relief,  Sovereign,  New  World  and 
Claybank.  Work  is  done  from  time  to  time 
on  some  of  the  old  claims  and  new  prospects 
are  opened  up;  but  it  requires  capital  and  its 
judicious  expenditure  to  reopen  these  mines 
and  extract  the  gold  which  still  remains  in 
unquestionably  large  quantities.  It  is  the 
unanimous  opinion  of  men  who  have  worked  in 
these  mines  that  the  supply  of  pay  ore  is  by 
no  means  exhausted.  Mr.  Charles  E.  Sher- 
man, a  gentleman  who  for  years  was  superin- 
tendent of  several  of  these  properties,  states 
that  work  on  the  Warrington  mine  was 
stopped  in  $16  ore,  while  the  Rochefort  aver- 
aged §40  a  ton  to  the  very  last.  The  ore  con- 
tained from  one  to  two  per  cent  of  sulphurets 
which  ran  $400  a  ton  in  the  Rochefort  and 
Warrington  and  §S0  in  the  Claybank. 

The  proper  way  to  reopen  these  ore  bodies 
would  be  by  means  of  a  drain  tunnel,  which 
would  have  to  be  about  1200  feet  long,  and  to 
cost  So  a  foot.  Kern  river,  only  five  miles  dis- 
tant, might  be  harnessed  and  would  furnish 
electromotive  power  for  all  necessary  work. 

On  Bald  Eagle  mountain,  northeast  of 
Havilah,  are  several  good  prospects.  There  is 
also  in  this  locality  an  antimony  mine — the 
Black  Jack.  Ore  is  shipped  regularly  from 
here  to  the  reduction  works  in  San  Francisco, 
and  brings  $20  a  ton  on  the  dump. 
Nevada. 

The  Deruec  Mine. — Herald:  The  Derbec 
mine  will  resume  operations  in  a  few  days. 
The  mules,  which  are  down  on  the  ranch, 
have  been  sent  for,  and  when  they  arrive  the 
men  will  be  put  on  again.  The  mine  employed 
about  thirty  men  when  it  closed  down,  several 
months  ago".  The  cause  of  the  shut-down  was 
on  account  of  the  ditch  being  blocked  with 
snow. 

Star  op  the  West.— Mrs.  Paul  Richards  has 
sold  the  Star  of  the  West  claim  to  W.  W. 
Waggoner.  It  is  a  quartz  ledge  and  lies  just 
west  of  the  Providence  and  the  Home  mines. 
The  price  paid  is  withheld.' 

The  Noramhagua.-  Tidings:  Work  has 
been  going  on  at  this  mine  for  over  a  year  upon 
a  tunnel,  now  about  1100  feet  long,  "to  reach 
the  former  workings.  The  employes  broke 
through  lately  into  the  old,   worjea,  between 


the  fifth  and  sixth  levels.  This  will  lower  the 
water  in  the  mine,  so  that  it  will  be  practi- 
cable to  at  once  begin  operations  upon  a  por- 
tion of  the  ledge  which  has  never  been  worked 
out.  Wm.  Campbell,  the  owner  of  the  Noram- 
bagua,  will  soon  put  a  gcod  force  of  men  at 
work  in  the  mine,  and  ft  will  be  made  an  ore 
producer.  The  mine  adjoins  the  Pen-in' s  and 
is  located  about  five  miles  south  of  Grass  Val- 
ley, near  Forest  Springs. 

The  Eaole  Bird.— The  Eagle  Bird  mine 
started  up  last  week.  Twenty  stamps  are  in 
operation. 

WASHINGTON    DISTRICT. 

The  Giant  King. — Herald:  The  Giant  King 
mine,  in  the  Washington  district,  upon  which 
C.  D.  Lane  had  a  bond  for  about  six  months, 
is  to  be  worked  by  the  owners  hereafter. 

Within  the  last  six  months  the  tunnel  which 
taps  the  ledge  has  been  driven  ahead  about 
300  feet  through  very  hard  rock.  It  is  now 
over  500  feet  long  and  is  in  on  the  ledge, 
which  is  a  mammoth  one,  about  fifty-five  feet, 
and  the  hanging  wall  has  not  yet  been 
reached. 

By  the  terms  that  have  been  made,  William- 
son &  Cole,  the  owners  of  the  mine,  have  full 
possession  from  this  time  on.  They  intend  to 
run  the  tunnel  ahead  until  they  reach  the 
hanging  wall,  when  they  will  drift  to  the 
north,  where  they  expect  to  encounter  the 
pay  shoot.  This  is  believed  to  be  the  mother 
lode,  which  has  paid  well  in  various  places 
where  it  has  been  worked.  The  ore  is  of  a  low 
grade,  but  it  is  in  a  condition  to  be  worked 
economically.  To  the  owners,  or  to  anybody 
who  will  be  satisfied  with  reasonable  profits 
and  is  willing  to  figure  closely,  it  is  a  valuable 
property. 

Riverside. 

New  Life. — Till  recently  the  mines  in  the 
western  part  of  Riverside  county  have  been 
worked  on  a  par  with  the  pick,  shovel  and  pan 
plan  of  the  avei'age  Mexican  minei1,  operating 
in  this  State  and  Lower  California,  in  which  a 
living  only  was  secured,  and  all  that  was 
wanted.  But  there  is  new  life  and  blood  in 
and  about  these  mines,  and  many  of  the  camps 
remind  one  of  early  California  days,  with  the 
added  improvement  of  machinery.  Many  of 
the  best-paying  mines  have  recently  passed 
into  the  hands  of  Eastern  capitalists,  and  the 
stamp  mill  is  heard  on  every  hand.  As  an  ex- 
ample of  the  development  and  progress  made, 
Good  Hope  has  growu  from  a  miner's  cabin  or 
two  to  a  nice  little  village,  with  a  fine  new 
schoolhouse,  boarding-houses,  etc.,  in  a  few 
short  months. 

The  great  value  of  these  mines  is  evidenced 
in  the  sale  of  the  Good  Hope  mine  recently, 
for  £500,000.  With  the  exception  of  a  few  days 
during  the  recent  heavy  rains,  when  coal 
could  not  be  hauled,  the  twenty-stamp  mill, 
put  in  by  the  new  owners  several  months  ago, 
has  been  running  day  and  night,  with  two 
shifts  of  thirty  men  each.  But  little  is  said 
by  those  managing  this  mine  as  to  the  amount 
of  gold  being  taken  out,  they,  perhaps,  think- 
ing this  their  own  business.  However,  when 
it  is  considered  that  this  mill,  with  a  capacity 
of  twenty  tons  per  day,  is  running  continually 
on  $20  ore,  and  that  the  men  have  been  paid 
regularly  from  $8  to  $4  per  day  for  months,  is 
pretty  fair  proof  that  some  gold  is  being  taken 
out.  The  forty  or  more  mines  are  now  delving 
away  at  a  depth  of  500  feet,  with  plenty  of  ore 
in  sight. 

The  Alice,  which  lies  thirteen  miles  to  the 
east  of  the  Good  Hope,  has  passed  into  the 
possession  of  a  stock  company,  the  principal 
members  of  which  are  J .  M.  S.  Egan,  until 
recently  superintendent  of  the  Good  Hope :  W. 
H.  Griffith  and  M.  Cantan,  all  recently  of  Col- 
orado. A  new  five-stamp  mill  is  being  put  in, 
with  machinery  of  a  capacity  of  ten  stamps. 
The  plant  will  be  ready  to  commence  pound- 
ing out  the  metal  within  two  weeks.  The 
shaft  is  only  down  eighty-five  feet,  but  there 
is  insight  enough  $18  to  $20  ore  to  keep  the 
mill  running  for  two  years.  There  are  on  the 
dumps  500  tons  of  ore  ready  for  the  mill.  The 
locators  of  this  valuable  mine  were  J.  R. 
Cheatham,  L.  M.  Wilson  and  L.  Crain,  the 
former  still  retaining  an  intei'est.  Mr.  Cheat- 
ham was  formerly  night  superintendant  of 
the  Good  Hope. 

The  Rosalia,  or  more  familiarly  known  as 
the  Santa  Rosa,  one  of  the  oldest  mines  of  the 
group,  has  a  ten-stamp  mill  in  operation,  run- 
ning night  and  day,  on  $15  ore.  the  ledge 
growing  more  valuable  as  greater  depth  is 
reached.  This  mine  is  largely  owned  by 
Massachusetts  men.  Messrs.  Egan,  Griffith 
and  Cantan  have  interests,  however.  The 
output  of  this  mine  is  bringing  good  money  on 
the  investment. 

A  new  company  has  been  formed  to  control 
the  Santa  Fe  mine,  and  most  of  the  stock  hav- 
ing been  sold,  the  mine  has  been  lifted  out  of 
the  financial  embarrassments  which  have 
impeded  its  development  heretofore.  Work 
will  be  resumed  on  the  mine  in  a  few  days,  or 
just  as  soon  as  the  details  can  be  arranged. 
The  grade  of  ore  is  on  a  par  with  that  of 
neighboring  mines.  It  is  proposed  to  sink  a 
shaft  at  the  end  of  the  big  tunnel  to  a  depth 
500  feet  below  its  present  level. 

The  old  Menifee  mine  continues  to  be  oper- 
ated day  and  night,  and  is  making  good  money 
for  its  owners,  with  a  five-stamp  mill  running 
on  $10  to  $12  ore.  There  is  good  profit  in  $S 
ore. 

The  little  Maggie  has  a  ledge  of  only  eigh- 
teen inches  in  thickness,  but  the  ore  is  of 
high  grade,  yielding  $00  to  the  ton.  The  mine 
is  being  rapidly  developed. 

The  Gold  Prince,  a  mine  but  a  few  hundred 
yards  from  the  Good  Hope,  and  which  has  been 
lying  idle  for  the  past  two  years,  for  want  of 
capital  to  develop  it,  is  considered  equally  as 
valuable  as  its  big  neighbor. 
Siskiyou. 

Guttinu  Ready.  —A  Henley  correspondent 
of  the  Yreka  Journal  furnishes  the  following: 

The  fine  weather  of  the  last  two  weeks  has 
stimulated  business.  The  gulch  miners  are 
bringing  in  small  vials  of  gold  dust.  Ditch 
cleaners  are  at  work,  and  prospeotors  are 
getting  ready  for  an  parly  start.  Our  4epot  is 


full  of  machinery,  and  it  will  not  be  long  until 
we  can  hear  the  stamp  of  two  mills  at  work 
on  blue  gravel,  one  at  Jillson  &  Co.'s  mine, 
the  other  at  the  Black  Jack  mine. 

It  looks  now  as  though  little  will  be  done  by 
the  Porphyry  Dyke  men  this  season.  They 
are  still  buying  up  property  in  that  vicinity, 
and  it  is  not  likely  they  will  do  any  work  that 
will  improve  adjoining  property,  until  they 
have  secured  all  they  want  of  it ;  then  look 
out  for  the  biggest  plant  in  the  county. 

San  Diego. 

Cargo  Mcchacho. — Thomas  Wiltyer  has 
sold  to  Z.  H.  Lowman,  for  $3000,  the  Fail- 
West,  Eastern  Extension,  Homestake, 
American  Girl  and  Black  Quartz  mines,  in  the 
Cargo  Muchacho  mining  district. 

NEVADA. 

Lander  Co. 

The  Clifton  Tunnel.— The  Austin  Reveille 
is  informed  that  the  Clifton  tunnel  is  now  be- 
ing run  through  ledge  matter  and  everything 
looks  favorable  to  the  uncovering  of  a  body  of 

ARIZONA. 

Copper  Property  Sold.—  Miner:  John  W. 
Gerritt,  the  mining  man  of  Mineral  Park,  this 
week  closed  the  deal  for  the  Redenour  copper 
property  near  the  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colo- 
rado. The  price  named  is  away  up  in  the 
thousands.  One-third  of  the  purchase  price 
has  been  paid  down,  and  the  balance  will  fol- 
low shortly.  The  purchasers  are  John  R. 
White,  of  the  Ninety-three  Mining  Company, 
Mineral  Park,  and  the  Graphic-Cai'bonate, 
Kelly,  New  Mexico ;  Howard  R.  Deacon, 
wholesale  lumber  merchant,  Philadelphia, 
Pa. ;  Howard  L.  Haines,  capitalist  of  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. :  Jo  Davidson,  wholesale  jeweler 
of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  treasurer  of  the 
famous  Utica  mine  of  Colorado;  Mr.  Nealy, 
a  wholesale  lumberman  of  Philadelphia.  The 
new  company  will  begin  work  immediately. 
This  sale  was  accomplished  in  less  than  a 
month  from  the  time  the  parties  first  began 
negotiations. 

Tyson  Miners  Happy. — Gazette:  Word 
comes  from  Tyson  mining  district  that  miners 
there  are  jubilant  over  the  late  rains.  Dry 
washing  has  stopped  in  consequence,  and 
prospectors  are  scattered  between  Harqua 
Hala  and  Ehrenburg.  In  the  intervening  val- 
ley, thirty  miles  by  sixty,  placering  has  gone 
on  many  years.  Quartz  mines  yield  gold  in 
arrastras.  G.  W.  Ingersoll  of  Colorado  has  a 
steam  arrastra  running.  In  Plomosa,  east  of 
Tyson,  there  is  considerable  activity ;  also  in 
New  Weber,  south  of  there.  The  Gray  ce- 
ment-crushing mill  is  about  to  start  near 
there,  to  treat  the  placer  cement  beds.  John 
Agard  and  George  Wilder  are  about  to  sell 
their  mines  at  Chloride  to  Eastern  parties. 
Every  mine  explored  seems  to  justify  a  mill. 
Some  200  men  are  in  the  bills.  Colorado  par- 
ties will  soon  start  a  40-stamp  mill  at  Frost's 
claim  near  Tyson.  Water  has  to  be  hauled  to 
some  of  the  camps  and  costs  four  cents  per 
gallon.  It  is  struck  at  a  depth  of  twenty- 
eight  feet  in  Tyson.  Gaietta  grass  is  in  bloom 
and  stock  are  doing  well.  Mountain  sheep 
furnish  fine  meat.  Tyson  postoffice  is  fifty 
miles  west  of  Harqua  Hala,  and  twenty-two 
miles  east  of  Ehrenburg. 

Need  of  a  Mining  Law. — Phuenix  Gazette: 
The  bill  introduced  by  Mr.  Marshall  in  rela- 
tion to  our  mines  and  mining  is  one  that 
should  receive  the  approbation  of  the  Legis- 
lature without  delay.  For  years  Arizona  has 
needed  a  statute  regulating  and  governing 
the  location  and  holding  of  mining  claims. 
Under  our  present  practice  a  man  or  party  of 
men  can  start  out  with  a  burro  and  a  lead 
pencil,  and  by  reason  of  their  priority  in  a 
section  containing  evidence  of  mineral,  locate 
and  hold  a  whole  township  of  territory  to  the 
exclusion  of  others.  It  is  a  fact  that  in  many 
of  the  mineral  districts  of  Arizona  a  certain 
class  of  so-called  mining  men  make  it  a  busi- 
ness year  after  year  to  locate  and  relocate 
scores  of  mining  claims  upon  which  they  are 
unable  and  unwilling  to  perform  one  dollar's 
worth  of  development  work.  The  United 
States  law  is  evaded,  and,  as  far  as  Arizona  is 
concerned,  is  a  dead  letter  with  the  average 
prospector.  Now  that  our  gold  districts  are 
attracting  the  attention  of  the  investor,  a 
law  should  be  enacted  protecting  and  encour- 
aging the  bona  fide  prospector,  and  putting  a 
quietus  on  the  pencil  artist  of  the  mining  re- 
gions. 

COLORADO. 

Big  Mining  Deal. — John  F.  Smith  has  sold 
his  oue-fourth  interest  in  the  Moose  mine  at 
Cripple  Creek  to  J.  F.  Maynard  of  Utica, 
N.  Y.  The  amount  of  stock  held  by  Smith 
was  102,000  shares  and  the  price  paid  was  at 
the  rate  of  50  cents  a  share,  or  $81,000  cash. 
The  experts  who  examined  the  property  for 
Mr.  Maynard  placed  the  value  of  the  mineral 
in  sight  at  $250,000.  Dividends  to  the  amount 
of  $S4,000  have  been  declared  in  the  past 
twelve  months.  This  sale  was  the  largest 
spot  cash  mining  deal  ever  made  in  Cripple 
Creek. 

An  Annual  Statement. — The  Colorado  Cen- 
tral Consolidated  Mining  Company,  in  its  an- 
nual statement,  savs  its  debts  amount  to 
$125.000— $500  for  labor.  $100  for  office  ex- 
penses, $0000  for -legal  services.  $110,500  con- 
tested judgment  iu  favor  of  John  Turck  and 
other  debts  that  will  not  amount  to  more 
than  $2000. 

IDAHO. 

Warrens  Placer  Deal. — Boise  Statesman: 
George  Riebold,  from  Warrens,  says  the  sale 
of  a  tract  of  Warrens  placer  ground,  owned  by 
himself,  ex-Governor  Willey  and  others,  has 
been  consummated,  the  purchasers  being 
Philadelphia  capitalists.  The  tract  embraces 
about  200  acres  of  ground,  some  of  which  has 
been  worked  and  found  to  be  very  rich.  The 
consideration,  it  is  understood,  was  $20,000. 

Mr.  Riebold  says  one  mau  took  forty-five 
ounces  of  gold  from  one  of  the  claims  Included 
in  the  sale  in  eight  hours,  Chinese  who  own 
placers  a  ehort  distance  down  the  creek  have 
taken  out  *2,5pO,000  in  tbe  pant  ton  years, 


Mr.  Riebold  says  it  is  a  fact  that  two  of  the 
Chinese  took  out  $1000  in  one  day. 

The  Philadelphiaus  have  purchased  a  dredg- 
ing machine  with  which  to  work  the  ground. 
The  machine  is  now  at  Pocatello.  It  will  be 
shipped  in  as  soon  as  spring  opens. 

The  William  B.  Knott  mine,  recently  sold 
by  ex-Governor  Willey  to  E.  B.  True  for 
§10,000,  is  being  worked  with  good  results. 

Camas  No.  2.— Hailey  Times:  Supt.  Wood 
of  the  Camas  No.  2  mine  and  mill  came  to 
town  to-day,  bringing  a  gold  brick  that 
weighed  exactly  17M  pounds.  At  $10  per 
ounce  Troy,  the  brick  is  worth  about  $4000. 
This  was  the  result  of  fifteen  days1  run  on 
fifteen  stamps. 

Another  brick  worth  about  $1500  having 
been  brought  in  a  couple  of  weeks  ago,  this 
makes  about  $5500  worth  of  bullion  brought  in. 
A  cleanup  is  now  going  on  at  the  mill,  which 
will  doubtless  result  in  $1500  worth  of  gold 
additional. 

In  addition  to  the  gold,  sixty  tons  of  con- 
centrates have  been  shipped  since  the  mill 
started  up.  These  are  worth  $80  per  ton,  and 
amount  to  $4800.  WTe  thus  have  a  total  of 
about  $12,000  for  about  twenty-five  days'  run 
of  fifteen  stamps.  Mr.  Wood  says  that  during 
that  time  he  ran  500  tons  of  ore  through  the 
mill.  His  expenses  avei'age  $100  per  day.  He 
expects  to  do  much  better  the  current  month 
than  he  did  last,  especially  as  he  will  run 
twenty  stamps  instead  of  fifteen. 

Yellow  Jacket  G.  M.  Co.— The  Yellow 
Jacket  Gold  Mining  Company,  a  Denver-New 
York  combination,  has  its  new  twenty-stamp 
mill  in  operation  and  will  add  ten  more  stamps 
within  sixty  days.  This  mill  was  purchased 
last  fall  to  replace  the  plant  which  was  dc- 
stroved  by  fire. 

MONTANA. 

General  Mining  Notes. — Butte  Inter 
Mountain:  W.  E.  Hall,  formerly  superin- 
tendent of  the  Alice,  is  engaged  in  putting  the 
Poulin  mine  in  good  condition,  and  the  rumor 
is  again  revived  that  the  Poulin,  Pacific  and 
other  properties  in  that  locality  are  to  be  con- 
solidated in  one  company,  with  Mr.  Hall  as 
superintendent.  The  people  of  Butte  hope 
that  the  rumor  is  correct. 

L.  A.  Dunham  came  in  from  Richmond  Flat 
yesterday,  bringing  with  him  two  bars  of 
gold  bullion — worth  about  $0500 — from  the 
Revenue  mine.  Mr.  Dunham  says  that  the 
prospects  for  the  future  of  the  Richmond  Flat 
district  are  very  bright,  but  all  of  the  mining 
ground  in  the  district  is  patented.  No  work 
had  been  done  there  for  years  until  the  Rev- 
enue people  proved,  by  development,  the  value 
of  that  vein.  The  Revenue  is  now  down  to  a 
depth  of  300  feet,  and  with  a  milling  capacity 
of  from  40  to  45  tons  a  day  will  produce  about 
$30,000  a  month.  The  Revenue  was  recently 
sold  to  the  present  owners  for  $100,000  by  the 
Turner  Bros,  and  others.  S.  K.  Knoxj  the 
owner  of  the  Monitor,  is  sinking  a  vertical 
shaft  on  that  property,  and  at  the  same  time 
working  in  such  a  way  as  to  make  the  ground 
pay  all  of  the  expenses.  A  recent  shipment  or 
ore  from  the  Monitor  assayed  $150  to  the  ton. 
In  the  same  shipment  was  a  sample  «iT  500 
pounds  that  assayed  $2000  to  the  ton.  The 
owners  of  the  Flat  mine,  in  this  district,  are 
also  preparing  for  active  work  in  the  future, 
as  are  the  owners  of  various  other  properties 
in  that  locality. 

NKW  MEXICO. 

Hanover.  —Silver  City  Enterprise:  The 
new  smelting  plant  of  the  New  Mexico  and 
Arizona  Smelting  Company  was  started  on 
the  first  of  this  month.  The  smelter  is 
handling  63  tons  of  ore  per  day  on  an  average. 

OREGON. 

Josephine  Comity. 

A  Reported  Strike. — A  strike  in  the  old 
Dry  Diggings  mine,  three  miles  east  of 
Grants  Pass,  is  reported.  This  is  one  of  the 
oldest  mines  in  southern  Oregon,  large 
amounts  of  gold  having  been  taken  out  of  it 
in  early  days,  and  it  is  still  being  mined 
every  winter  with  good  results.  The  main 
ledge  has  never  been  found,  though  it  has 
been  hunted  for  for  many  years.  Two  giants 
have  been  at  work  this  winter  on  the  prop- 
erty. Two  years  ago  two  young  men  found  a 
pocket  far  up  the  hill,  above  any  work  which 
had  ever  been  done  on  the  property  before, 
and  took  out  sixteen  ounces  of  gold  from  it. 
Taking  up  that  clue,  three  miners  begun  look- 
ing for  the  source  of  the  lead  this  winter, 
with  the  result  of  finding  a  leader  to  what  is 
supposed  to  be  the  main  lead  to  the  Dry  Dig- 
gings mine.  Some  very  rich  quartz  and  dirt 
has  been  taken  out,  as  high  as  $7  per  pan  be- 
ing realized. 

WASHINGTON. 

Gold  Claims  in  Demand. — Review:  A  re- 
port is  in  circulation  among  mining  men  that 
the  famous  "Eureka'1  claim  on  Slate  creek, 
in  the  Cascade  range,  has  been  bonded  to  a 
coast  syndicate  for  $100,000.  The  Eureka  is 
the  remarkable  ledge  of  rotten  quartz  from 
which  it  is  claimed  §12,000  in  golden  nuggets 
was  taken  by  its  discoverers  last  fall  before 
the  snow  came.  If  it  is  anything  more  than  a 
big  pocket  the  general  idea  is  that  $100,000  is 
a  beggarly  sum  to  offer  for  it. 

While  Slate  creek  is  certain  to  be  dammed 
by  the  stampede  of  gold-seekers  in  the  spring, 
it  willBnot  be  the  only  part  of  the  Cascades 
that  will  be  explored  pretty  thoroughly  this 
yeaz\  All  along  the  Methow  valley  there  will 
be  dozens  of  them.  Some  are  going  farther 
up  the  country,  near  the  boundary  line,  where 
few  white  men  have  ever  left  their  foot- 
prints. It  is  claimed  that  one  mau,  who  was 
iu  there  last  autumn,  took  out  §14,000  in  a 
single  month  from  a  rotten  quartz  ledge. 

Letters  received  from  Everett,  Tacoma  and 
Seattle  say  that  many  of  the  mining  men  on 
the  Sound  are  getting  the  Alaska  craze. 
Spokane  prospectoi's  do  not  seem  to  be 
tempted  in  that  way.  So  far  as  is  known, 
none  of  them  have  yet  decided  to  go.  They 
say  it  is  too  expensive  a  trip  and  too  hard  a 
country  to  work.  As  a  business  proposition 
they  prefer  hunting  gold  in  central  Iduho,  the 
Okapogan  country  or  the  Cascades. 


February  16,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


107 


Coast   Industrial  Notes. 

The  Pair  executors  will  prosecute  the 
work  of  reclamation  of  the  North  Beach  prop- 
erty. 

_Th»  •'-  says  that  the  story  that 

Debs  is  going  to  San  Francisco  is  "  pure  hum- 
bug." 

-New  Westminster  is  manufacturing  pipes 
for  the  Cariboo  and  Horsefly  companies'  hy- 
draulics 

The  ooasl    steamship  war   makes  £-4    the 
i  possible  passage  price   from  this  city 
to  Seattle. 

—The  Chinese  Six  Companies  are   getting 
Chinese  on  the  coast  to  draw  their  mom 
ship  i!  to  China. 

Che  electrical   workers  of  San   Francisco 
organize  1   under  the  auspices  of  the   Labor 
i  last  week. 

A  tri-weekly  line  of  steamers  between 
Oakland  and  the  Sacramento  and  San  Joaquin 
river  ports  is  projected. 

-The  Southern  Pacific  Company  has  con- 
tracted for  700  ventilated  fruit  cars  for  use 
next  season.  They  will  not  require  the  use  of 
[ce. 

The  Currie  Iron  Works  at  New  West- 
minster were  sold  for  $5000,  and  the  book 
debts  for  nine  cents  on  the  dollar.  The  works 
were  assessed  for  $10,000. 

— Kedo&  Co.  are  reported  about  to  put  on  a 
line  of  freight  steamers  between  Mexican  and 
South  American  ports  in  opposition  to  the 
Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Co. 

— D.  B,  Hansmi,  Pacific  coast  representative 
P  the  Edward  1*.  AUis  Co.,  Milwaukee,  has 
Secured  letters  patent  on  an  offsetting  saw- 
mill carriage  -  a  clever  device. 

—The  Republican  hears  that  the  employes 
of  the  Truckee  Lumber  Company  are  to  have 
their  wages  reduced  twenty  percent.  The 
report  is  denied  by  the  company. 

—Grain  freights  out  of  San  Francisco  are 
quoted  at  21  shillings.  There  are  now  83,767 
tons  of  disengaged  bottoms  in  port,  as  against 
48,983  tons  at  the  same  time  last  year. 

—The  Northern  Pacific  receiver's  report  for 
November  shows  balance  for  October,  $1,378,- 
017;  receipts,  $8,896,338;  disbursements,  $2,- 
100,577;  balance  to  December,  $1,735,760. 

— F.  G.  Cartwright  is  overseeing  the  in- 
stallation of  a  2500  H.  P.  transmission  electric 
plant  at  Bakersfield,  power  being  secured 
from  the  Kern  river,  twelve  miles  distant. 

—Active  arrangements  are  in  progress  for  a 
steamship  line  between  Portland  and  the 
Orient,  to  be  operated  in  connection  with  the 
O.  R.  and  N.  Company  and  the  Great  North- 
ern railroad. 

—The  Pacific  Storage  Battery  Company  has 
been  incorporated  in  this  city;  directors — 
Thomas  Addison,  Robert  B.  Elder,  Fred  F. 
Barbour,  F.  M.  Ray  and  Samuel  E.  Kearney. 
Capital  stock,  $20,000,  all  subscribed. 

— The  ico  crop  in  the  Truckee  river,  repre- 
senting a  present  invested  capital  of  $600,000, 
is  now  being  "harvested.''  It  is  Truckee's 
only  winter  industry  and  gives  employment 
to  a  large  number  of  men. 

— The  Monarch  Consolidated  Gold  Mining 
Company  has  filed  articles  of  incorporation  in 
Oakland.  Capital  stock,  $500,000,  with  P.  C. 
Gayetty,  J.  W.  Woodward,  F.  C.  Watson,  A. 
M.  Benham  and  W.  R.  Thomas  of  Oakland  as 
directors. 

— The  new  J.  J.  Cousin's  drydoek  was  suc- 
cessfully launched  at  the  foot  of  Devisadero 
street,  this  city,  last  week.  It  is  180  feet  in 
length,  61  feet  "wide  and  27  feet  high,  contains 
24  watertight  compartments  and  is  of  unusual 
lifting  power.  It  is  a  California  construction 
throughout. 

—On  the  Mexican  international  railway 
construction  has  commenced  on  the  branch 
from  Monclova  west  to  the  mining  town  of 
Sierra  Mojada,  about  160  miles.  The  line  was 
partially  graded  in  1892.  Work  has  also  been 
commenced  on  the  branch  from  Riata  south- 
east to  Monterey,  60  miles. 

-Three  forty-foot  guns  are  en  route  for 
Fort  Point  and  Lime  Point.  They  weigh 
fifty-seven  tons  each,  have  a  diameter  of  46 
inches,  and  a  circumference  of  12  ft.  2  in.  at 
the  greatest  point.  They  are  expected  to 
furnish  adequate  defense  against  any  marine 
foe  that  would  elude  the  new  mortar  bat- 
teries. 

—The  total  expenditure  of  the  Escondido 
irrigation  system  to  date  has  been  $136,408.10. 
The  cash  receipts  from  the  sale  of  bonds  have 
been  $151,070,  leaving  a  balance  of  $14,661.90 
on  hand.  There  is  $76,440  due  on  bonds,  and 
this,  with  the  amount  on  hand,  leaves  $91,- 
101.90  as  the  sum  available  for  completion  of 
the  system. 

— The  Santa  Clara  Valley  Railroad  Company 
has  incorporated  with  a  capital  stock  of  $300*- 
000.  Directors— F.  Smith,  president;  L.  A. 
Sage,  P.  R.  Sterne,  W.  O.  Watson  and  W.  P. 
Hen  try.  The  company  proposes  to  build 
sixteen  miles  of  standard  gauge  road  from 
San  Jose  to  Saratoga  and  to  Santa  Leland. 

— There  are  sixty-six  hot  springs  in  Nevada, 
and  a  belt  of  hot  water  underneath  the  State, 
which,  if  tapped  by  artesian  wells,  would 
prove  of  great  commercial  benefit  to  the 
State.  Past  legislatures  have  attempted  to 
foster  the  enterprise  by  paying  bounties  to 
successful  artesian  well  sinking,  but  they 
were  too  small  to  be  of  any  practical  good. 

—By  a  vote  of  36  to  25  the  United  States 
Senate  voted  last  Saturday  to  inaugurate  the 
project  of  laying  a  cable  from  the  Pacific 
coast  to  Hawaii.  An  amendment  to  the 
Diplomatic  and  Consular  Appropriation  bill 
was  made,  giving  $500,000  for  beginning  work 
on  the  cable  and  authorizing  the  President  to 
contract  for  the  entire  work,  estimated  to 
cost  $3,000,000. 

—The  Californian  Water  Works  and  Irrl- 
£&,UonCo.,  Lt'd.,  }s  an  English  corporation 


operating  in  Inyo  Co.  About  eight  miles  of 
canal  are  now  under  active  construct  inn,  of 
which  several  miles  are  completed.  The 
total  length  of  canal  will  be  eighty-three 
miles,  and  it  is  estimated  that,  it  will  irrigate 
882,000  acres  of  laud.  It  is  expected  that 
eighteen  miles  of  the  canal  will  be  finished 
by  next  spring. 

—The  scheme  to  tap  and  partially  drain 
Goose  lake,  which  is  situated  in  this  State 
and  in  Oregon  has  several   tiiw 

and  met  by  strong  opposition,  Mow  it 
comes  up  in  the  shape  of  a  bill  introduced  by 
Congressman  Geary,  granting  the  right  of 
way  tooonstrucl  a  canal  from  the  lower  end 
oJ  the  lake,  in  a  southeasterly  and  south- 
westerly direction  to  Upper  Pitt  river,  for 
irrigation  and  other  purposes. 

— Jas.  S.  Brownell,  Western  agent  Frue 
Vanning  Machine  Company,  i:t"J  Market  St., 
San  Francisco,  reports  the  following  sales: 
Osborn  Hill  mine,  Grass  Valley,  Cal.,  three 
4-foot  patent  lip  belt  vanners;  Virginia  City, 
three  4-foot  plain  belt  machines;  Eureka  & 
Excelsior  mine,  Sumpter,  Baker  Co.,  Or.,  one 
patent  Mp  belt  vanner:  Mazatlan,  Mexico, 
eight  4-foot  plain  belt  vanners;  Australia, 
three  4-foot  plain  belt  vanners. 

— The  extension  of  electric  railways  in  the 
past  year  in  San  Francisco  is  noticeable.  On 
Mission  and  Kearny  streets,  two  prominent 
thoroughfares,  electric  cars  have  been  re- 
cently placed,  aud  in  the  western  part  of  the 
city  two  more  lines  are  in  process  of  construc- 
tion. This  week  a  fifth  new  electrical  rail- 
way project  will  be  begun,  to  be  completed 
next  July.  This  road  will  be  over  four  miles 
in  length,  beginning  at  Bay  St.  and  extend- 
ing through  the  southwestern  part  of  the 
city. 

—The  Colorado  River  Irrigation  Co.  has  a 
mammoth  scheme  to  reclaim  an  arid  region  of 
1,000,000  acres  in  southern  California  and 
500,000  acres  in  Baja  California,  reaching 
from  Indio,  San  Bernardino  Co.,  to  the  Gulf. 
It  is  proposed  to  begin  work  on  the  main  canal 
next  week.  It  will  be  250  miles  long,  and  for 
the  first  twelve  miles  will  be  156  feet  wide, 
carrying  ten  feet  of  water.  The  initial  point 
is  "Pot  Holes,"  about  ten  miles  from  Yuma. 
The  water  to  be  used  is  from  the  Colorado 
river. 

— During  the  season  of  '94  the  Cutting  Fruit 
Packing  Co.  of  Colton,  Cal.,  bought  of  the 
fruit  growers  2,955,553  pounds  of  green  fruit, 
for  which  they  paid  out  $25,116.74,  or  an  aver- 
age of  nearly  $20  per  ton.  For  labor  in  hand- 
ling this  fruit  they  paid  out  $19,335.20,  most 
of  which  was  kept  right  at  home  and  was  dis- 
tributed where  it  would  do  the  most  good. 
The  company  packed  for  the  season  1,083,000 
cans  of  fruit  and  their  shipments  for  the  sea- 
son up  to  date  are  181  carloads  of  dried  and 
canned  fruits. 

— The  Renton,  Wash.,"  coal  mines  are  to  be 
reorganized  on  the  co-operative  plan.  The 
capital  stock  of  the  company  is  to  be  $100,000, 
divided  into  1000  shares  of  $100  each,  payable 
in  monthly  installments  of  $10,  or  in  full, 
whichever  the  subscriber  prefers.  One  of 
the  prime  features  of  the  enterprise  is  right 
of  employment  to  shareholders,  limitation  of 
number  of  shares,  steady  employment  to 
those  who  perform  their  duty  faithfully.  In 
addition,  the  company  will  aim  to  have  eight 
hours  constitute  a  day's  work  and  pay  a  full 
day's  wages. 

— Articles  of  incorporation  of  the  San  Fran- 
cisco and  San  Joaquin  Railroad  have  been 
prepared  by  the  secretary  of  the  committee  of 
promoters  of  the  road.  The  capital  stock  is 
placed  at  $6,000,000,  divided  into  60,000  shares 
of  the  par  value  of  $100  each.  The  length  of 
the  road  is  estimated  at  350  miles,  and  it  is 
set  forth  that  $350,000  have  been  subscribed,  to 
meet  the  legal  requirement  of  $1000  per  mile 
subscribed,  of  which  ten  per  cent  has  been  ac- 
tually paid  in.  The  total  amount  of  subscrip- 
tions has  reached  $2,200,000. 

— The  Spokane  Chronicle  says  that  the  coun- 
try extending  from  Spokane  to  the  Sound  has 
been  hard  hit  by  the  dull  times.  At  Spokane 
former  millionaires  are  penniless,  with 
nothing  to  do.  It  is  said  of  one  man,  who 
owned  a  brick  block,  that  he  is  now  glad  to 
get  the  janitorship  of  the  building  he  for- 
merly owned.  Another  man,  who  had  a 
salary  of  $500  per  month  and  owned  a  vast 
deal  of  property,  is  without  a  cent  and  keeps 
himself  employed  by  keeping  books,  without 
pay.  One  informant  said  that  one  man  was 
especially  happy  because  he  owed  only  $5000. 

— The  record  of  the  steamer  Flyer,  plying 
between  Tacoma  and  Seattle,  for  the  year 
1S94,  is  probably  without  a  parallel  in' the 
United  States.  Her  running  time,  from 
wharf  to  wharf,  is  one  hour  and  twenty-five 
minutes,  and  she  makes  four  round  trips  a 
day,  six  days  in  the  week.  During  the  past 
year  she  made  1249  round  trips,  covering  a 
distance  of  68,695  miles.  Not  a  single  trip 
was  lost,  not  an  accident  of  any  kind  occurred, 
and  the  total  time  lost  during  the  year  was 
forty-three  minutes,  showing  that  her 
arrivals  and  departures  were  like  clockwork. 

—The  Edward  P.  Allis  Co.  branch  office,  31 
Main  St.,  this  city,  have  received  an  order  for 
a  cross-compound  condensing  engine  of  the 
Girder  frame  horizontal  type,  with  Reynolds- 
Corliss  valve  gear.  Cylinders  are  to  be  14 
and  26  inches  in  diameter  by  36-inch  stroke ; 
drive  wheel,  16  feet  diameter  by  30-inch  face; 
weight,  14,500  lbs.  They  are  putting  in  a 
36"xl20"  water  jacketed  furnace  for  the 
Standard  Smelting  and  Refining  Company,  of 
Durango,  Colo. ,  and  two  36^x120"  water 
jacketed  copper  furnaces,  with  complete  Rey- 
nolds-Corliss engine  outfit  for  the  Detroit 
Copper  Mining  Co.,  at  Morenci,  Arizona. 

— Judgments  in  the  Superior  Court  in  Seat- 
tle, Wash.,  are  still  piling  up  against  D.  T. 
Denny  and  his  sons.  Recently  defaults  were 
signed,  in  two  actions  by  the  Northwest  Gen- 
eral Eleirtrio  Company  apd  one  by  W.  J. 
Granjbs  on  assigned  promissory  no£es  aggre- 
gating $84,701.  apd  a  cqnfessjpn  was  madp  in  a 
suit  on  a  69000  promissory  note  exeoutea  to 
George  F.  Gund.    Tfte  notes  held  by  the  elec: 


trie  company  are  dated  March  i.  L89K,  and  are  ! 

as  follows:  Northwest  General  Electric 
Company,  ©4,000;  L.  H.  Griffith  (920,000,  US. 
ooo,    $10,000.    I  ,      150,000;    F     T 

Blunek,  $4,i:;i.;;,:  Jacob  Furth,  1656.35:  total, 
•84,791.  The  amount  with  Interest  and  attor- 
neys' fees  is  now  in  the  three  former  cases 
£97,208.52,  and  in  the  Gund  ease  19,455.62, 
bringing  the  grand  total  to  1106,753. 12,  This 
sum,  together  with  the  confession  in  the  cases 
of  the  Pugot  Sound  National  Hank  and  F  T 
Blunek,  makes  a  total  <>f  1409,872  58. 

—The  follow i u^.  furnished  bv  the  secretan 
of  the  Tacoma,  Wash..  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
isastatemcnt  of  up'  Tacoma  smelter  for  the 
month  of  January,  1895:    Number  of  men  em 

ployed,  rti     ,,.m    mil.    -  ,.-,.-,,;  ic     ,,. |  ,.|I(I|I|K,,.S 

ami   teams.  $w ;   total,   $5860.16,    Product 
-UXK)  bars  bullion    weighing  412,884    pounds; 
copper  man.'   weighing  l*2,:iuo  pounds     Con 
'■■His.      2,059.40     ounces     gold      at 
142,667.80;  46,288.62  ounces  silver  at  60  cents 

■^:,w:;.i;  ikk;  ,..,mi.K  i...„i  ,,t  .-  :,.■.».•  i»  - 
eut.    $13,567.05;  12,174  pounds  copper  at  '.<'.. 

•'flits  !"''    I I        r.,S5ti.5U.      Total,    S'.IU,  ,■■'  .,  , 

—The  two  largest  locomotives  in  America 
go  into  the  service  of  the  Southern  Pacific  ! 
Co.  on  the  mountain  division  next  week.  The 
weight  of  each  engine  without  the  tender  is 
169,000  pounds;  the  total  weight,  ready  for 
service,  is  250,000  pounds.  The  driving 
wheels,  of  which  there  are  four  pairs,  are 
nfty-oue  inches  in  diameter.  The  boilers  are 
seventy-two  inches  in  diameter,  the  steam 
cylinders  twenty-two  inches,  with  a  twenty- 
six-inch  stroke.  The  locomotives  exceed  in 
size  and  strength  the  "de  capods"  used  on 
the  "switchback  "  division  of  the  N.  P.  R.  R. 
some  years  ago,  and  will  be  used  in  the  Te- 
hachapi  and  Sierra  Nevadas. 


!  RUPTURE! 

IT    hu8    been    connltlereri     by    the    medical 
profession  th»t  hernia^- commonly called 
rupture— was  limirnldf.  exe*-|il    by   *urgi- 
oal  operation,  which  In   both   dangerou* 
to   life  Mtid   very   rurely    ever  BUOOttBSfttX     But 

DR.  J.C.  ANTHONY,  of  86  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE IH  II. DING,  huK  opened  ;»  new  field  for 

research,  and  for  the  jm«t  year  ban  been  mak- 
ing    »■    remarkable   cureB.     He    causes  the 

patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  his  Office 
once  or  twice  weekly,  lie  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cares  hlni,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
U  a  graduate  of  llellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


Our  Pipe 


For  Hydraulic  Mining  and  Irri- 
gation Purposes  Our  Sheet 
Iron  and  Sheet  Steel  Riveted 
Water  Pipe  Is  Unexcelled. 

We  Have  Also  a  Large  Line  of 
the  MATHES0N  JOINT  (Lap- 


Is  For  Sale. 


Welded)  Pipe,  for  Which  We 
Are  Agents. 
Our  Prices  Are  Low;  Our  Pipe 
Is  Superior,  and  We  Want 
More  Business.  May  We 
Quote  You  Prices? 

PIPE    FITTINGS,  TOO. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

S/\IV       FRANCISCO,       C/\L. 


Attention    Miners ! 
W.WJliTAGm&CO. 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OP 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  mining:,  Mills  and  Power  Fiants.  '^^ 

IRON,  OUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  flarket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


FRANCIS     SMITH     &     CO., 


SHEEF  IRON  8r  STOE 


FOR     TOWN     U/rtTER     W/ORKS. 

Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes. 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of  Pipes 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Aspnaltum. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  aud  653  Mission  Street*  San  Francisco,  *',,* 

E,  G,  pENNIBTON,     .-..,....,     Proprietor 
Every  description  of  worlf  plated,    Send  tor  OjroVlftFt 


108 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  16,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


Electricity  from  Sunlight. 


That  which  persuades  the  compass 
to  point  northward  and  a  "dipping 
needle "  to  incline  its  northern  end 
downward  is  the  magnetism  resident 
in  the  earth  itself;  and  this  is  probably 
permanent.  There  are,  however,  cer- 
tain deflecting  forces  which  operate 
either  regularly  or  irregularly  to  cause 
both  of  these  instruments  to  vary  in 
their  indications.  There  is  similar  in- 
terference with  other  magnets,  ar- 
ranged to  test  the  strength  rather  than 
the  polarity  of  the  earth's  magnetism. 
Some  of  these  disturbances,  Professor 
Bigelow  thinks,  are  due  to  an  influence 
proceeding  along  curved  lines  from  the 
polar  regions  of  the  sun,  and  impinging 
on  our  globe  at  right  angles  to  the 
plane  of  the  earth's  orbit.  But  it  has 
been  strongly  suspected  by  various 
authorities  that  certain  other  effects, 
such  as  the  diurnal  oscillation  of  the 
needles,  are  produced  by  a  thermal  or 
electric  influence,  following  a  straight 
line  from  the  sun  to  the  earth,  and 
hence  parallel  with  the  solar  light  rays. 
That  the  eastward  swing  of  the  com- 
pass every  morning  should  begin  at  an 
earlier  hour  in  summer  than  in  winter, 
and  that  the  range  from  the  most 
easterly  position  to  the  most  westerly 
(which  latter  is  usually  attained  be- 
tween noon  and  2  p.  m.)  should,  in  our 
hemisphere,  be  more  ample  when  the 
sun  is  north  of  the  equator  than  when 
it  is  south,  has  lent  strength  to  that 
suspicion.  The  notion  that  this  oscilla- 
tion was  caused  by  electricity  excited 
in  our  atmosphere  by  "  convection  cur- 
rents"— that  is,  air  set  in  motion  by 
the  sun's  heat — has  been  widely  enter- 
tained, and  still  has  its  advocates;  but 
since  Hertz  confirmed  Maxwell's  elec- 
tro-magnetic theory  of  light  there  has 
beeu  a  growing  disposition  to  think 
that  the  diurnal  swing  of  a  declination 
needle  resulted  from  a  direct  electric 
radiance,  nearly  or  quite  identical  with 
the  luminous  radiance. 

The  instrument  known  as  an  acti- 
nometer  formerly  employed  only  chem- 
ical means  for  detecting  the  intensity 
of  the  sun's  rays,  and  only  chemical  or 
actinic  effects  were  thus  measured. 
But  a  long  series  of  experiments  in 
this  particular  field  has  led  Messrs. 
Rigollot  and  Marechal  to  invent  an  ac- 
tinometer  in  which  a  perceptible  elec- 
tric current  is  set  flowing  by  solar  ac- 
tion through  a  copper  strip  from  the 
end  of  the  instrument  which  is  exposed 
to  strong  sunlight  toward  the  other, 
which  is  shielded  from  light.  This  in- 
strument has  been  developed  suffi- 
ciently to  transmit  signals  over  a  wire 
for  more  than  six  miles.  When  lumi- 
nous rays  were  focussed  on  the  sensitive 
plate  of  the  apparatus  at  one  point,  a 
galvanometer  in  the  circuit  at  another 
point  was  instantly  deflected;  and  as 
soon  as  the  light  was  turned  off,  the 
needle  returned  to  its  normal  position. 
If  the  air,  or  the  earth,  is  similarly  in- 
fluenced, then,  it  is  argued  by  M.  Mare- 
chal, there  should  be  a  system  of  elec- 
tric currents  always  flowing  from  the 
darker  regions  of  the  earth's  surface 
toward  that  area  which  is  most  bril- 
liantly illuminated;  an  area  which  is 
continually  shifting  through  the  earth's 
axial  rotations.  Whether  the  observed 
facts  fit  this  theory  closely  is  perhaps 
open  to  question.  But  the  phenomena 
here  described  are  highly  interesting  in 
themselves,  even  if  they  do  not  directly 
explain  the  diurnal  swing  of  the  mag- 
nets. Indeed,  they  may  have  a  more 
practical  value,  either  in  establishing  a 
new  system  of  telegraphy  or  the  stor- 
age of  free  energy  for  commercial  pur- 
poses, or  both.  There  is  a  strong  ap- 
peal to  inventive  genius  here. 


Mascaet  found  that  an  electric  glow 
lamp  of  thirty-two  candles  set  fire  to 
cotton  wool  saturated  with  India  rub- 
ber, and  packed  around  it,  in  two  min- 
utes, to  black  silk  in  six  minutes,  and 
to  a  double  layer  of  cotton  cloth  in  two 
minutes,  says  the  Gas  World.  The 
same  materials  not  saturated  with 
India  rubber  did  not  take  fire.  Capt. 
Exler  of  the  Austrian  army  now  finds 
that  a  sixteen-candle  lamp,   sunk    in 


paraffine,  reaches  a  maximum  tem- 
perature of  94°  C;  one  of  twenty-five 
candles  101°  C.  A  layer  of  gunpowder, 
ecrasite  or  pulverulent  pyroxyline  is 
not  set  on  fire  by  this;  the  ecrasite 
melted  and  the  gunpowder  lost  all  of 
its  sulphur.  If  the  material  be  spread 
on  a  substance — for  instance,  wood — 
which  is  opaque  to  heat  rays,  the  ac- 
tion is  more  marked  when  the  lamp  is 
brought  very  near  to  it;  the  ecrasite 
melts,  the  pyroxyline  darkens,  the  gun- 
powder loses  its  sulphur,  and  the  niter 
melts  and  the  wood  chars.  Two  lamps 
in  a  cavity  of  wood  get  up  a  tempera- 
ture of  2i5°C,  but  the  explosives  did 
not  go  off,  though  they  decomposed. 
When  the  cavity  was  filled  with  water 
it  boiled  in  fifteen  minutes.  The  spark 
produced  on  turning  off  the  flame  only 
kindles  these  explosives  when  they 
have  become  very  dry,  but  the  spark 
produced  on  switching  off  a  feeble  re 
sistance  between  two  lamp  wires  can 
do  so  readily.  If  the  lamp  breaks, 
pyroxyline  or  gunpowder  does  not  ig- 
nite, but  an  explosive  gaseous  mixture 
will;  whence,  in  dangerous  surround- 
ings, the  lamp  wall  should  be  thick,  and 
the  lamp  should  never  be  brought  loo 
near  combustible  material. 


Erratic  Electric    Engine  Gov- 
erning. 


The  Electrical  Engineer  notes  that 
the  time  and  ingenuity  which  have 
been  expended  in  the  designing  of  gov- 
ernors for  regulating  the  speed  of  elec- 
tric lighting  engines  have  resulted  in 
a  number  of  very  sensitive  types.  But 
if  all  the  care  bestowed  on  them  is  to 
be  nullified  by  extraneous  conditions 
not  contemplated  in  their  design, 
much  of  their  value  will  be  lost.  A 
case  of  this  nature  was  recently 
brought  to  our  attention,  which,  we 
think,  merits  further  inquiry,  and 
which  we  deem  of  interest  to  all  those 
operating  direct  connected  engines. 

The  engine  and  the  dynaiu  >  in  ques- 
tion are  directly  connected,  ar.d  when 
the  plant  was  installed  and  started  the 
engine  performed  in  a  satisfactory 
manner  both  to  the  purcnaser  and  to 
the  maker's  representative.  After  a 
time'  complaints  were  m  eived  because 
of  unsatisfactory  regulation.  From 
the  character  of  these  complaints  it 
was  concluded  that  there  might  be 
some  defect  in  the  governor,  and  the 
manufacturer  incurred  the  expense  of 
sending  a  complete  new  governor,  re- 
questing that  the  old  one  be  returned. 
The  new  governor  was  placed,  adjusted 
and  the  plant  started,  and  the  report 
came  back  that  the  regulation  was 
perfect.  _  In  the  course  of  a  week  or 
ten  days  complaints  were  again  en- 
tered on  the  score  of  unsatisfactory 
regulation  of  the  governor.  The 
thought  then  occurred  to  the  engine 
builders  that  possibly  the  governor 
was  affected  by  magnetism.  They  con- 
ferred with  the  makers  of  the  dynamo 
and  were  told  that  in  their  judgment 
such  could  not  possibly  be.  the  case. 

It  has  since  been  learned  that  a 
monkey  wrench  will  be  held  fast  to 
the  rim  of  the  governor  wheel  when 
the  engine  is  under  full  speed.  The 
speed  of  the  periphery  of  this  wheel 
is  about  5400  feet  per  minute.  When 
the  engine  is  in  service  the  force  is 
sufficiently  strong  to  pull  a  man,  stand- 
ing at  the  front  or  crank  end  with  a 
wrench  held  out  within  two  feet,  into 
the  engine.  Any  magnetic  substance, 
such  as  iron  or  steel,  if  placed  on  the 
throttle  or  valve  wheel,  is  held  firmly. 
The  distance  between  the  center  of  the 
dynamo  and  the  eccentric  is  about 
forty-eight  inches. 

The  question  therefore  arises  whether 
the  governor  can  be  affected  by  the 
stray  magnetism  of  the  dynamo,  and 
whether  such  a  condition  in  a  plant  as 
indicated  above  may  not  materially 
effect  the  cost  of  light. 


W.    H.    BirCh    &     CO.    (Incorporated) 

Manufacturers  of 
Passenger  and  Freight  Elevators, 
Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Improved  Corliss  Engines, 
Mining  Machinery, 

Cable  Railway  Machinery. 
1 19  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


■ 


^liSWSl^^'i)^!^^^ 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  ouo 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect- 
or in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If  you  are  Interested  In 
Rock  Drilling  Correspond 
with  us. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  Wtf  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  its  Denver  Office. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN   A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USED  THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  

CAPACITIES  £i?J°"sj  o'^REf 

PER  HOUR.'        SIZES. 


*^° &Q.  -nmzr  St°     PUNTS  if^^-^~s> 


^S&r 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY   DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STUMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,  King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinery. 

Dept.  "M,"  50  S.  Glinton  St. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS 


CHICAGO,  ILLS.,  U.S.A. 


NEW    YORK, 
136    LIBERTY    ST. 


LONDON,   E.  C, 
T3   A   QUEEN    VICTORIA   ST. 


BUTTE. 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO. 
S   CALLE    DE   GANTE. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


220  Market  St, 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  OD  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO, ,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St. ,  S.F. 


February  1C,  1896, 


The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons. 

Their  History .  Ocour.phy.  Ucolofcy.  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uaes. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


109 


M   Mhi.K  AMI. 

Wrlttenfor  the  Mimm.  UM>&  iimiii,   PRBSSODd 
copyrighted  iwi.  oj  H.-ury  O.  Hanks,  P.G  s 

1890. — The  total  capital  invested  in 
tin-  petroleum  business  in  California 
was  $2,186,958,  Total  number  of  pro- 
ducing wells,  89.  illuminating. oil  sold 
for    fci..-)")    and    fuel    oil    for    $1.43    per 

barrel. 

A  new  oil  field  was  developed  in  Los 
Angeles  county,  two  and  a  half  miles 
southeast  of  Newball.  The  new  dis- 
tricl  was  named  "EUesmere,"  referred 

to  in  the  following  newspaper  clipping: 

"The  Newball  oil  district  is  situated 

thirty   miles  west  of  Los  Angeles,  on 

the  main  line  of  the  Southern  Pacific 
Railroad.  The  main  oil  belt  extends 
for  about  eight  miles  through  the  San 

Fernando  mountains,  in  a  southeasterly 
anil  northwesterly  direction,  the  forma- 
tion being  entirely  of  sandstones  and 
oil-bearing  shales.  Developments  have 
recently  been  commenced  on  the  east 
Side  of  Newhall  in  what  is  known  as 
tin'  K.llesmere  district.  The  remark- 
able depth  of  the  oil-producing  sand 
has  not  been  excelled  anywhere,  rang- 
ing in  thickness  from  350  to  785  feet. 
'Phi'  first  wells  bored,  fifteen  years  ago, 
still  yield  large  quantities  of  oil,  with 
no  signs  of  failing.  At  Pico  canyon 
there  is  a  strip  of  land  S40  feet  wide 
and  3800  feet  long  which  has  yielded 
more  than  one  million anda half  barrels 
of  oil  and  still  produces,  without  any 
appearance  of  giving  out.  There  are 
now  fifty  wills  in  this  section  with  a 
daily  aggregate  production  of  900  bar- 
rels, which  amounts  is  steadily  in- 
creasing." 

The  year's  yield  of  California  petro- 
leum was  307,360  barrels,  and  the  total 
State  production  was  3,59(1,022  barrels. 

1891. — There  was  an  oil  excitement 
this  year  in  Humboldt  county  at  the 
old  Petrolia  and  Mattole  districts.  On 
the  1  ."111 i  of  April  a  company  was  or- 
ganized with  a  capital  of  $200,000.  A 
well  was  soon  commenced,  but  at  last 
accounts  no  material  success  had  been 
met  with. 

The  State  yield  for  the  year  was  474,- 
500  barrels,  and  the  grand  total  since 
the  commencement  in  IStiO  was  4,065, - 
122  barrels. 

While  this  is  but  a  small  yield  as 
compared  with  that  of  Pennsylvania 
and  New  York,  still  it  is  very  import- 
ant to  our  State,  so  deficient  in  fuel. 

In  April,  1894,  the  British  tank 
steamer  Bawnmore  arrived  in  San 
Francisco  with  her  first  cargo  of  crude 
Peruvian  mineral  oil,  amounting  to  20,- 
000  barrels. 

A  full  shipload  would  seem  to  be  a 
very  considerable  quantity,  but  to 
equal  the  output  of  California  for  six- 
teen years  she  would  have  to  make  203 
full  voyages,  and  there  would  still  be  a 
deficiency  of  5126  barrels.  To  accom- 
plish this  she  must  make  nearly  thir- 
teen full  voyages  a  year,  which  is  an 
impossibility;  that  is  to  say,  if  she  had 
been  employed  during  sixteen  years  to 
her  full  capacity  in  conveying  Califor- 
nia petroleum  to  Peru,  she  would  have 
fallen  far  short  of  the  task. 

These  calculations  will  convey  a  good 
idea  of  the  magnitude  and  importance 
of  the  petroleum  production  of  Califor- 
nia. What  it  may  become  in  the  future, 
who  shall  predict  ? 

The  estimated  State  production  of 
asphaltum  was  50,000  tons,  and  the 
capital  invested  in  mining,  transporta- 
tion and  application  was  $2,500,000. 

1892. — A  special  train  of  eleven  cars 
loaded  with  150  tons  of  refined  Buena 
Vista  asphalt,  refined  at  Asphalto,  was 
sent  to  Sedalia,  Missouri,  where  it  was 
used  for  pavements.  Shipments  were 
made  during  the  same  year  to  Port- 
land, Denver,  Ogden,  Kansas  City,  Los 
Angeles  and  elsewhere. 

1893. — Of  the  numerous  State  locali- 
ties only  five  counties  were  producing 
asphaltum,  as  follows:  Kern,  San  Luis 
Obispo,  Santa  Barbara,  Santa  Cruz 
and  Ventura. 


Great  Britain's  net  imports  of  gold 
amounted  to  $59,586,875  in  1894,  as 
compared  to  $26,662,270  in  1893,  That's 
where  a  lot  of  our  gold  has  gone. 


FRASER&  CHALMERS    «^<0~~>  ©V 


Call  attention  to  this  fac  simile  letter. 
They  have  others  equally  stronpt'tes- 
tifying  to  the  unqualified  success  of 
the  Rielder  System. 


Co. 


Fraser  &  Chalmers 

Chicago,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A.,  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London 

Works  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A 
and  Erith,  Kent,  England. 

Branch  Offices: 

a  Wall  St.,  New  York. 

City  of  Mexico,  Mexico. 

Helena,  Montana. 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colorado. 


RLBSKfi  rRtfl^0SS^\lWNC  COUPMV 

"^Kydu  C&l£»J  CS2w6]  July  31st. 

William  J.  Chalmers  Esqr. 

Pres.    PYaser  k  Chalmers. 
Chicago.       111. 


"%.• 


Mining  and  Ore-Treating  Machinery 
of  every  description,  Huntington  Cen- 
trifugal Roller  Mills,  Riedler  Pumping 
Engines  and  Air  Compressors,  Corliss 
Engines,  Boilers,  etc 


Dear  Sir:- 

Vour  letter  of  July  7th.    is  duly  received. 

In  regard   to  your  enquiry  regarding  our  Riedler  Compre- 
ssor,supplied  by  your  Coy.over  eight  months  ago, I  must   say, that 
the  Compressor  is  giving  excellent  results, and  every  satisfaction, 
while   running  either   by  steam, or  water  power. 

During  the  last  twelve  years, I  have   seen  spEKafcsot.ani 
have  operated, many  difiertnt  makes  of  air  Compressors, including 
the  Eclipse, Reliance, Burleigh, National, Rix.i  Firth, I nger soil 
Sargent.etc.etc.ard    in  no  instance, have  any  of  the  above  given  the 
results  of  the  Riedler.     Therefore,  I  have   no  hesitation  in  saying 
that  the   Riedler,  is   the   best, and  most  economical  Compressor  on  the 
market  today.     We  have  made  comparitive  tests  here, of  the   Ingersol 
Sargent, aid  Riedler.which  show, greatly  in  favour  of  the  Riedler. 
Yours  very  truly. 


add-zL-^/** 


&^ 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


-  MANUFACTURERS    OF  - 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  wbere  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 


A    SPECIALTY.  ■ 
OFFICE    /\IND     UlORKSi       34-     einci     3<5     Main     Street.      San     Francisco,    Cat. 


Secretary  Herbert  will  ask   Coi  - 
gress  for  authority  to  transfer   to   the 
Interior    Department   all   the   wooded 
lands  not  needed   for  naval  purposes. 
Live  oak   timber   was   once   the  chief 
material  employed   for  our   warships, 
and  to  insure  a  supply  of  it  the  govern- 
ment set  apart  large   tracts   covered 
with   trees   in   some   of    the   Southern  I 
States.     In  these   days  of  steel  hulls  : 
the  need  of  this   provision  has   ceased,  j 
and,  in  fact,    there  are  now   lyfcg  at  I 
the  various  navy   yards   thousands   of  i 
feet  of  ■  seasoned    live    oak    that    can  j 
neither  be   used  or  sold.     Naturally, 
the  Navy  Department  long  ago  ceased 
to  concern  itself  with  washing  its  live 
oak   tracts,  and  there  is   no  evidence 
to  show  that  trespassers  and  squatters 
take  advantage  of  this   fact,    while   in 
some  cases   the   reservations   may  ob- 
struct settlement. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

«*  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof,  m*    . 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS   and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


The  public  revenues  of  a  State  can- 
not be  better  employed  than  in  the  ex- 
ploration of  her  mineral  resourees  by 
the  best  equipped  geologists  and  min- 
eralogists that  can  be  secured  for  the 
service.  And,  in  addition,  an  appro- 
priation should  be  made  to  build  up 
a  State  mineralogical,  geological  and 
archaeological  museum,  while  yet  there 
is  material. — Black  Hills  Mining  Re- 
view. 


T?.sRussell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  liceuse, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


F\  &  B.  ROOFINC. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  i!t^E!2JE£^ 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.       4°  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 

RandDrlilCo. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

MonadnocU  Building Chicago 

Ishpemlng Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Shcrbrooli  P.  O Canada 

Aparlado  83U ■ ■ City  of  Mexico 


110 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  16,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


Sax  Francisco,  Feb.  14,  1895. 
A  little  weakening  in  lead  and  copper  and  a 
hovering  of  silver  around  the  5934  mark  char- 
acterize the  week  in  those  metals.  There  is 
a  heavy  movement  from  all  quarters  of  gold  to 
New  York.  Over  S5,000,000  left  London  for 
New  York  this  week  and  about  half  that 
amount  has  been  called  for  from  this  city, 
the  local  supply  being  principally  shipments 
direct  from  the  Sub-treasury.  Gold  is  coming 
into  the  United  States  mint  here  at  the  rate 
of  S50,000  daily.  The  present  movement  is  re- 
sponsive to  the  proposed  placing  of  a  new  issue 
of  $65, 000, 000  government  bonds. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,   Feb.   14.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@12.50c. 
COPPER— Brokers',  934c;  exchange,  9.90c. 
LEAD— Brokers',  S3. 021.;;  exchange,  S3. 12}'. 

TIN— Straits,  13%c;  plates, c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  S3.20. 

New  York  Prices. 

New  York,  Feb.  14. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for.  the  week : 

, — Silver  in 

London.    N.  Y. 
Friday S7?S 


59'/; 


Copper. 
9  75 
10  00 


Lead. 
300 

3  uiy. 


59iU 


9  75 


3  02 


Saturday 27« 

Monday..  2754 

Tuesday 27?i 

Wednesday 279s 

Thursday 27Sb       ay;8 

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows  : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Dralt 10O 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 12^0 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.88 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.89 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 59% 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 


—  @  10 

—  @       544 

—  <a  by2 

—  @  5 


San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 
Per  lb 

BOBAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots 

Powdered,        "      

Concentrated,  "      

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @     — 

Lake  Superior  Shea  thing 21    @      — 

Ingot,  jobbing —    @     16 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @     14 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 5  25    @  6  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00    @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00   @18  00 

STEEL. 
English.lb 14    ia     16 

NAILS. 

Wire $2  90 

Cut 2  65 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb. 15    @    16  00 

ZINC. 
Sheet 8K@ 

LEAD. 

Pig -    g 

Bar —   <f 

Sheet —   <§ 

Pipe —    (6 

SHOT. 
Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  " 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do, 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    d 

COAL. 

SPOT  FROM  YARD — PER  TON. 

Wellington 

Greta 

Nanaimo 

Gilman 

Seattle 

Coos  Bay 

Cannel 

Egg,  hard 

Wallsend 

Scotch  Splint 

3rymbo 

West  Hartley 


3  90 

4  20 

5  25 
4  75 

$1  20 
1  45 
1  45 

6  8  00 

7  50 
6  25 

5  75 

6  00 
5  50 

8  00 
12  50 

7  00 

8  00 

7  50 

8  50 


TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00 

Scotch  Splint 6  50 

Cardiff 6  50 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00 

Cumberland 12  00 

Egg,  hard 12  00 

West  Hartley 7  00 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 7 

English,  lo  load 9  00 

"        spot,  in  bulk 

"        in  sacks 

Cumberland 9  00 

LUMBER. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  —  WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00 

Pine 13  00 

Spruce 25  00 


9  bbl 

10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


la  00 
30  00 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  Feb.  14,  1895. 

Comstocks  were  firmer  during  the  week; 
the  amount  of  business  was  limited.  The 
Holmes  Mining  Co.  is  about  to  sell  the  tail- 
ings at  its  Belleville  mills,  and  the  quantity 
of  low-grade  ores  accumulated.  Supt.  Leg- 
gett  of  Bodie  will  attend  the  meeting  of  the 
Standard  Con.  next  Monday.  The  Standard 
people  are  preparing  to  put  in  a  new  gener- 
ator, which  will  run  the  pumps  aud  hoist,  the 
power  being  carried  through  the  tunnel.  The 
pump  at  the  cyanide  plant  will  also  be  worked 
by  electricity  and  an  electric  motor  will  raise 
the  cars  loaded  with  tailings  to  their  present 
level,  by  means  of  a  cable  and  temporary 
tracks,  after  which  they  will  be  pushed  into 
place  by  the  men,  as  they  were  last  summer. 

The  sixty-four  men  working  at  the  Crown 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

OompUed  Every  Thursday  from  Advertisements  in  tlie  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Francisco  Journals. 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Amt.         Levied,  Deling* t  and  Site.  Secretary. 

..10c...  Jan   21,  Feb  26,  Mar  21 R  R  Grayson. 331  Pine 

..30c...  Jan     9,  Feb  13,  Mar    6 A  S  Groth,  414  California 

,.10c.  ..Jan    15,Feb   16,  Mar  11 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..15c. ..Jan     8,  Feb    28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

..15c Jan    17,  Feb  19,  Mar  12 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..  10c...  Jan   21,  Mar    6,  April  5 WW  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

. .  5c . .  .Feb    13,  Mar  20,  Apr  10 J  Stadtfeld,  Jr.,  309  Montgomery 

. .  10c  . .  .Feb     9,  Mar  14,  Apr    3 RE  Kelly  309  Mootgomerv 

..  2c... Dec  31,  Feb    H,  April  3..  John  H  Isham,  room  33,  Mills  Bldg. 

..25c Jan    16,  Feb  20,  Mar  11 E  L  Parker,  309  Montgomery 

..12c... .Jan    25,Mar    4,  Mar  22 W  H  Schmidt,  207  East 

.  .25c .  .Dec    10,  Jan    10,  Feb  20 W  H  Blauvelt 

MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date, 
J  W  Pew,  310  Pine Feb  18 


Company  and  Location.  No. 

BullionMCo,  Nev 44. 

Confidence  S  M  Co,  Nev 25. 

Crescent  M  Co,  Cal 1 . 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev 1. 

Gould  &  Curry  S  M  Co,  Nev. . .  .75. 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 26. 

Julia  Con  M  Co,  Nev 26. 

Justice  M  Co,  Nev 58. 

ReedM&MCo,  Nev 1. 

Sierra  Nevada  S  M  Co,  Nev. . .  108. 

Standard  Gravel  Co,  Cal 1 . 

Yellow  Jacket  M  Co,  Nev 58. 

Company  and  Location. 
Standard  Con  M  Co 


Point  will  have  an  enforced  vacation  the  rest 
of  the  month,  waiting  for  repairs  to  the  hoist- 
ing machinery,  which  was  badly  smashed  last 
Monday.  Bullion  valued  at  §2Q,  000  has  been 
received  from  that  mine  on  January  account. 

The  Enterprise  reports  a  strike  of  some  im- 
portance in  the  ChoLlar  mine.  The  new  ore 
body  is  about  40  feet  below  the  550  level.  The 
last  official  letter  from  the  Chollar  said  "  the 
winze  below  the  550  level  is  down  37  feet. 
The  east  side  is  in  quartz  of  fair  assays,  value 
samples  running  from  §20  to  830  per  ton." 

Since  that  publication  the  vein  of  quartz 
was  working  toward  the  east.  A  drift  was 
started  and  extended  fifteen  feet.  The  face 
of  the  drift  is  in  ten  feet  of  ore,  which,  it  is 
thought,  will  average  between  $30  and  §40 
per  ton  at  the  battery. 

The  vein  contains  some  rich  places,  although 
it  is  not  pockety  in  its  nature.  It  is  thought 
that  there  are  no  old  workings  in  the  neigh- 
borhood to  interfere  with  the  vein  now  being 
followed.  The  find  is  within  twenty-eight 
feet  of  the  Hale  &  Norcross  line. 

The  bullion  statement  of  the  Chollar  for  the 
month  of  January  is  as  follows :  Worked  at 
the  Nevada  mill^O  tons  of  ore.  Gross  pro- 
ceeds in  bullion,  $23,580.53.  Cost  of  reducing, 
$5760.  Net  proceeds  in  bullion,  §17,820.53. 
Assay  value  per  ton,  S33.49.  Gross  average 
per  ton,  $24'.'56.  Net  average  per  ton,  §18.50. 
Mill  worked  up  to  73.3  per  cent. 

In  the  Savage,  on  the  950  level,  the  last 
crosscut  from  the  fourth  floor  of  the  north  up- 
raise is  advanced  thirty-seven  feet;  face  in 
quartz  assaying  §7  per  ton.  On  the  1100  level, 
in  the  north  drift  from  the  east  drift,  they 
continue  to  extract  fair-grade  ore  from  the 
sill  floor  up  to  the  tenth  floor. 

On  the  1050  level  in  the  south  drift  from  the 
east  drift  they  are  extracting  ore  of  good 
quality  and  the  grade  of  the  ore  has  improved 
in  stoping  upward  from  this  level.  In  drifting 
south  from  the  east  crosscut  they  are  also 
finding  streaks  of  good  ore.  From  the  face  of 
the  south  drift  on  this  level  they  have  ad- 
vanced a  crosscut  west  fifteen  feet,  and  the 
last  three,  feet  are  in  ore  of  good  quality. 
During  the  week  they  have  hoisted  120  cars  of 
ore.     Car  samples  average  §35  per  ton. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 

7 

14 

$      08 
38 
39 
38 

$      35 

39 

72 

85 

91 

10 

39 

70 

2  95 

50 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

2  80 

04 

30 

76 

09 

74 
1  40 

1  45 

45 

.       52 

40 

32 

46 

45 

45 

List  of   U.  S.   Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported  by  Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


FOR  WEEK  ENDING  FEBRUARY  5,  1895. 

533,521.— Petroleum  Furnace— Wm.  Booth,  S.  F. 

533,788.— Ruler— A.   S.    Cooper,    Santa     Barbara, 

.  Cal. 

533,792.— Button-Hole  Guide— C.  Donovan,  S.  F. 

533,587.— Preserving  Timber— J.  S.  George,  New- 
port. Ogn. 

533,642.— Can  Opener— J.  Gould  Jr.,  S.  F. 

533,803.— Boiler  Feeder— M.  Greg  son,  Philomath, 
Ogn. 

533,534— Sawmill  Set  Works— D.B.Hanson,  S.F. 

533,645.— Caramel  Box— W.  E.  Henry,  S.  F. 

533,646.— Rotary  Engine— R.  Hewson,  S.  F. 

533.466.— Cutter  Guide— Howard  &  Scoggan,  Ore- 
gon City,  Ogn. 

533,716.— FRUIT  Grader— Luce  &  Barngrover,  Los 
Gatos,  Cal. 

533,823.— Bootjack— J.  I.  E.  Nelson,  Cedar  Home, 
Wash. 

533,666.— Paint  Remover— Pf a llie  &  North,  S.  F. 

533,739.— Dredger   Spud   Gear  —  w.   B.   Pless 
Stockton,  Cal. 

533.740.— Dredger— W.  B.  Pless,  Stockton,  Cal 

533,741.— Dredger   Hose   Guard  — W.   B.   Pless, 
Stockton,  Cal. 

533,667.— Fire  Escape— H.  F.  &  L.  Pokorny,  Seat- 
tle, Wash. 

533,669.— Hoisting  Apparatus— L.  Rosenfeld,  S.  F. 

533,610.— Electric  Railway— A.  Rosenholz,  S.  F. 

533.687.— Barrel  Support— R.  Walker,  Oakland, 
Cal. 

533,768.— Horse  Power— E.   J.  Wood,   Beckwith, 
Cal. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 

by  mail   or  telegraphic  order).     American  and  For- 
eign patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  business 

for  Pacific  Coast  inventors  transacted  with  perfect 

security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  in  the  shortest 

possible  time. 


San   Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  Feb.  \4, 

9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 


lOOAlta 35 

1100 

100 32 

100  Andes 27 

100  Belcher 39 

50  Bodie 91 

25  C.  C.  V 2  80 

100  Chollar 49 

100 48 

300 gQ 

100 Gould &  Curry ...'.  28 

SECOND  SESSION- 

50  Best  &  Belcher....  72 

100 71 

400  Bullion 10 

500  Con  Cal  &  Va 2  70 

1000  Chollar 45 

200G  &C 27 

100  Hale  &  Norcross . .  78 

300  Justice 

400 


200  Hale  &  Norcross. .  82 

100 81 

300  Occidental 06 

lOOOphir 1  45 

lOOPotosi 51 

500 52 

100  Savage 40 

50  Seg  Belcher 05 

100  Union 45 

400  Yellow  Jacket....  45 


-2:  30  p.  M. 

600Ophir 1  40 

1100  Occidental 05 

400  Overman 14 

100  Savage 37 

400  Sierra  Nevada ....  32 

200  Seg  Belcher 05 

100  Union 43 

300  Yellow  Jacket....  40 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Q.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention : 

Caramel  Box  Partition  and  Machine. — 
William  E.  Henry,  San  Francisco, Cal.  No.  533,- 
645.  Dated  Feb.  5,  1895.  The  object  of  this 
invention  is  to  provide  a  movable  partition 
which  is  especially  adapted  to  be  employed  in 
boxes  in  which  caramels  are  sold  and  shipped. 
These  boxes  are  made  of  pasteboard,  or  other 
suitable  material,  and  each  individual  rect- 
angular caramel  is  wrapped  in  a  thin  waxed 
paper  to  prevent  their  sticking  to  the  sides  of 
the  box.  In  my  invention,  paititions  are 
made  for  these  boxes  consisting  of  single 
strips  of  metal  formed  into  longitudinal  strips 
with  integral  transversely  projecting  arms 
upon  opposite  sides.  To  make  these  strips  I 
employ  a  machine,  consisting  of  blocks  sepa- 
rated from  each  other  to  form  a  narrow  chan- 
nel for  the  reception  of  a  strip  of  metal  and 
levers  fulcrumed  at  opposite  sides  with  bars 
connected  therewith  adapted  to  slide  in  slots 
or  guides  at  right  angles  to  the  strip  of  metal, 
so  that  by  moving  the  levers  the  strips  are 
folded  into  the  shape  desired  to  form  the  par- 
titions. 

Adjustable  Barrel  Support.  —  Robert 
Walker,  Oakland,  Cal.,  assignor  of  one-half  to 
Jacob  Kornahrens.  No.  533,687.  Dated  Feb.  5, 
1895.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  pro- 
vide a  support  for  barrels  from  which  the  con- 
tents are  being  drawn  whereby  the  barrel  is 
gradually  tilted  as  the  contents  are  reduced, 
and  brought  into  position  to  discharge  the 
whole  of  the  contents  without  agitating  or 
shaking.  It  consists  of  a  stationary  support 
having  segmental  depressions  upon  opposite 
sides  to  receive  and  support  the  keg  or  barrel, 
and  a  spring-actuated  arm  having  one  fixed 
end,  and  the  other  end  inclined  upwardly 
with  a  segment  fixed  to  it  and  adapted  to  fit 
the  end  of  the  keg  or  barrel,  together  with  a 
rod  or  bar  with  notches  so  that  the  spring 
may  be  drawn  down  by  means  of  this  bar  and 
the"  notches  engage  a  suitable  catch  to  hold  it 
down  until  the  barrel  is  in  place.  After  this 
the  notched  bar  is  released,  and  the  spring 
acting  against  the  upper  end  of  the  barrel, 
will  gradually  raise  it  as  the  contents  de- 
crease, so  that  the  liquid  can  be  drawn  from 
the  spigot  at  the  other  end. 

Rotary  Engine.  —  Robert  Hewson,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  No.  533,646.  Dated  Feb.  5, 
1895.  This  invention  consists  of  a  wheel  with 
a  series  of  concentric  annular  chambers  or 
buckets  into  which  the  propelling  medium  is 
admitted  under  pressure  and  conducted  suc- 
cessively from  one  series  of  chambers  to  the 
next,  operating  expansively  from  each  cham- 
ber to  the  following  one.  The  wheel  is 
mounted  upon  a  shaft  and  adapted  to  rotate 
within  a  closed  casing.  It  has  two  or  more 
series  of  concentrically  arranged  buckets, 
open  at  one  side  only.  This  side  moves  in 
contact  with  a  fiat  disk  or  diaphragm,  which 
forms  a  constant  wall  for  the  open  side  of  the 
buckets.  A  steam  chamber  is  located  upon 
the  opposite  "side  of  the  diaphragm  in  line 
with  the  outer  row  of  buckets,  and  passages 
are  made  through  which  steam  is  delivered 
against  the  front  wall  of  the  buckets,  to  impel 
the  wheel.  Slotted  openings  are  made  diag- 
onally through  the  disk  or  diaphragm  opening 
from  the  steam  chambers  into  the  chamber 
where  the  wheel  rotates.  The  arrangement 
of  these  passages  is  such  that  the  steam  is  ex- 
hausted from  each  exterior  bucket  into  the 
next  interior  steam  chamber,  and  thence  into 
the  adjacent  series  of  buckets,  so  as  to  act  ex- 
pansively in  each  case,  the  steam  being  finally 
allowed  to  escape  through  an  exhaust  passage. 

Can  Opener.— James  Gould  Jr.,  San  Fran- 
cisco. No.  533,642.  Dated  Feb.  5,  1895.  This 
invention  relates  to  a  device  for  opening  cans. 
It  consists  of  a  shank  having  an  attachment 
for  the  application  of  power,  a  flattened  hook 


at  the  opposite  end,  formed  with  a  sharpened 
convex  outer  curvature,  a  sharpened  con- 
caved curvature  on  the  inner  side,  and  an  ex- 
panded or  thickened  point  which  is  adapted  to 
engage  the  inner  wall  of  the  can  to  serve  as 
a  stop  and  prevent  the  hook  from  being  drawn 
out  while  cutting.  The  convex  outer  edge  or 
point  is  first  forced  through  the  metal  so  as 
to  bring  the  hook  portion  inside ;  then,  by 
pulling  upon  the  hook,  the  inner  edge  cuts  the 
tin  in  the  line  in  which  it  is  drawn  until  the 
can  is  properly  opened. 

Bucyrus  Steam  Shovel  and 
Dredge  Co. 

South  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  Jan.  28,  1895. 

To  Whom  It  May  Concern.— The  undersigned 
have  to-day  been  appointed  receivers  of  the 
Bucyrus  Steam  Shovel  and  Dredge  Co.,  and, 
as  such,  have  taken  possession  of  all  property, 
assets  and  business  of  the  company.  You  are 
hereby  notified  that  all  payments  should  be 
made  to  us. 

Under  the  orders  of  the  court,  the  business 
of  the  company  will  be  prosecuted  as  usual.  Ex- 
isting contracts  will  be  executed,  unless  no- 
tice to  the  contrary  shall  be  given,  and  orders 
for  new  machinery,  repairs,  supplies,  etc.,  will 
be  received  on  behalf  of  the  receivers  and 
promptly  attended  to. 

All  supplies  and  material  which  may  come 
in  subsequent  to  this  date  will  be  for  account 
of  the  receivers.    Soliciting  your  continued 
patronage,  we  are  very  respectfully  yours, 
John  S.  George, 
Howard  P.  Eells, 
Receivers. 

The  above  is  self-explanatory.  The  busi- 
ness continues  without  interruption,  there  be- 
ing no  check  nor  delay  in  the  filling  of  orders, 
etc. 


Assessment  Notices. 


GOULD  &  CURRY  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY- 
Locatlou  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.;  location  of  works,  Virginia.  Storey 
county,  Nev. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  17th  day  of  January, 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  75)  of  fifteen  cents  (15c)  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company 
room  69,  Nevada  block.  3U9  Montgomery  street,  San 
FranclBeo,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  lyth  day  of  February,  1895  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale'  at  public 
auction:  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  12th  day  of  March.  1895.  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  Bv  order  of 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW.  Secretary. 

Office— Room  69,  Nevada  block,  309  Montgomery 
street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


BULLION  MINING  COMPANY.-Locatlon  of  prin- 
cipal place  of  business,  San  Eranolsooj  California. 
Location  of  works.  Virginia  district.  Storey  county, 
Nevada. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  21st  day  of  January, 
1895,  an  assessment,  iNo.  -i-n  of  10  cents  per  share  was 
sold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  ot  Mareh,  1895. 
levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corporation, 
payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold  coin  to 
the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company,  Room 
21,  No.  331  Pine  Street.  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  26th  day  of  February,  18yo.  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  wlil  be 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

R.  R.  GRAYSON.  Secretary. 

Ofllee,  Room  21,  No.  331  Pine  street,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


INYO  MARBLE  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA.— 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works,  Inyo,  Inyo 
County,  California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  21st  day  of  January. 
1895.  an  assessment  (No.  26)  of  ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  In  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  .the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  No.  13,  third  floor,  Mills  Building,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  od  the  6th  day  of  March.  1895.  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction:  and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  5th  day  of  April.  1895,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

W.  W.  SARGEANT.  Secretary. 

Office— Room  33.  third  floor.  Mills  Building,  San 
Francisco.  California. 


DUMBARTON  LAND  AND  IMPROVEMENT  COM- 
PANY-.—Location  of  principal  place  of  business, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Location  of  works.  In 
the  counties  of  Alameda  and  Santa  Clara,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  22d  day  of  January. 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  7)  of  12Mi  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  Immediately  in  United  Stales  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
No.  214  Pine  street,  room  55,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  28th  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  pu  olic  auc- 
tion, and  uniess  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
Bold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  of  March.  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of 
the  Board  of  Directors, 

JABEZ  HOWES,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  55.  214  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco. 
California. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  W.  Thomas  et  al.,  in  the  Central  Hill 
Mine,  Douglas  Flat,  Calaveras  Co.,  Cal..  to  Impound 
tailings  behind  stone  dams  in  ravines;  from  Gio- 
vanni Rossi,  in  the  Kate  Gray  Mine,  near  Volcano, 
Amador  Co.,  Cal..  to  impound  tailings  behind  log 
and  brush  dams  below  mine;  from  J.  E.  Newsom, 
In  the  Shealor  Mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co.,  Cal., 
to  impound  tailings  benlnd  log.  rock  and  brush 
dam  in  Suiter  Creek:  from  Glani  Demartini  et  al..  In 
the  Rail  Road  Hill  Gravel  Mine,  near  Fourth  Cross- 
ing, Calaveras  Co.,  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  behind 
a  dam  on  flat  ground;  and  from  James  Slater.  In  his 
mine  near  Brownsville.  Yuba  Co..  Cal..  to  Impound 
tailings  behind  York  Mining  Co.'s  dam.  gives  notice 
that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  Room  No.  92,  Flood 
Building.  San  Francisco.  Cal..  on  Feb.  25th.  1895  at 
1:30  p.m. 


February  10,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


111 


Report    on    the    Con.   Cal.    &    Va. 


In  a  recent  report  t"  the  dii tors  of 

the   Consolidated  California  iS  Virginia 
mine,  K.  S.  Spring  says 

A^  yon  were  good  enough  to  listen 
to  my  account  of  the  condition  of  the 
mine  ascertained   during  an  examina- 

li tade  by  me  on  January  26th  ami 

UTtli.  1  pointed  out  ut  your  meeting 
the  exact  situation  of  the  mine  as  it 
appeared  to  me,  which  was  this  :  That 
the  reserves  of  good  ore  contained  in 
the  body  which  we  have  been  working 
in  for  the  lasf  i-inlit  months  had  been 
greatly  diminished  and  there  remained 
ittle  rich  ore,  although  there  is 
much  of  what  we  would  call  fair  grade. 

I  would  say  thai  the  policy  of  icon 
ouiv  which  has  ever  been  adopted  by 
Ibis  company  has  been  carried  out  too 
strictly  to  the  letter  in  this  case,  and 
our  very  efficient  superintendent,  Mr. 
Lyman,  in  wishing  to  save  every  dollar 
for  us  he  could,  has  endeavored  to  do 
all  his  prospecting  in  ore.  This  has 
been  a  very  commendable  policy  on  his. 
part,  for  in  running  drifts,  sinking 
winzes  and  making  other  openings  he 
has  made  the  work  pay  for  itself, 
besides  earning  a  profit  tor  the  com 
pany:  hut  by  adhering  too  closely  to 
this  poli.y  he  has  linally  reached  the 
limit  of  (lie  pay  ore  in  nearly  all  direc- 
tions. It  is  very  fortunate  that  we 
have  at  the  present  time  a  very  large 
surplus,  amounting  to  about  $137,000, 
in  our  treasury,  and  it  is  fortunate 
besides  that  we  can  immediately  start 
mil  with  a  targe  proportion  of  this 
money  to  bring  our  mine  into  a  more 
prosperous  condition. 

Now.  I  would  recommend  to  the  board, 
leaving  always  to  the  discretion  of  our 
very  din  ient.  superintendent  to  use  his 
hest  judgment  in  carrying  out  the 
plan,  that  a  more  energetic  prospect- 
ing of  the  ground  out  and  around  var- 
ious floors  of  stopes  be  inaugurated. 
The  body  of  ore  upon  which  we  have 
subsisted  is  a  footwall  body  of  ore; 
that  is,  it  lies  immediately  upon  the 
west  wall  of  the  ('.unstuck  lode  in  the 
Consolidated  California  and  Virginia 
mine.  I  think  the  footwall  should  be 
our  guide  in  explorations,  and  I  believe 
that  to  the  north  and  the  south  of 
where  we  have  been  stoping  ore  there 
are  other  ore  bodies  of  equal  size  and 
richness.  1  therefore  suggest  as  a 
quick,  easy  and  economical  means  of 
solving  the  problem  that  six  prospect- 
ing drifts  be  started  in  the.  mine,  two 
of  them  north  and  soiith  from  the  bot- 
tom of  the  winze  on  the  1750-foot  level, 
two  of  them  north  and  south  from  the 
present  workingson  the  1700-foot  level, 
and  two  of  them  north  and  south  from 
one  of  the  floors  above  the  1050-foot 
level,  which  Superintendent  Lyman 
may  deem  to  be  the  best  point  and  that 
these  drifts  be  run  along  the  footwall, 
always  keeping  it  in  sight,  and  these 
openings  all  be  carried  north  and  south 
as  far  as  possible,  and,  at  proper 
intervals,  as  Mr.  Lyman  may  deem  best, 
east  crosscuts  be  started  therefrom  ou 
the  several  levels  and  should  any  in- 
dications of  a  favorable  character  he 
encountered,  that  they  be  prospected 
in  the  directions  where  they  Iook  the 
most  promising. 

1  also  recommend  to  the  board  that 
Superintendent  Lyman  be  permitted 
to  increase  the  working  force  of  the 
mine  to  any  reasonable  extent  that  be 
may  think  proper  in  carrying  out  this 
work.  It  may  be  possible  for  him  to 
accomplish  this  with  his  present  force, 
but  to  facilitate  the  operations  which  I 
have  outlined  be  is  to  be  permitted  to 
take  on  the  number  of  men  that  he 
may  require,  in  addition  to  the  present 

force. 

It  is  my  firm  belief  from  a  most  care- 
ful examination  of  the  mine  that  the 
plan  which  I  have  recommended  to  you 
will,  within  a  reasonable  time,  bring 
the  property  into  another  state  of 
prosperity.  The  Consolidated  Cal- 
ifornia and  Virginia  mine  is  a  prolific 
piece  of  mining  property:  it  has  been 
given  up  as  "  petered  out  "  by  super- 
intendents and  managers  many  times, 
but  as  the  work  of  exploration  has 
continued  the  mine  has  repeatedly  come 
into  bonanza  again.  I  have  no  fear 
but  that  with  a  more  energetic  pros- 


pecting of  the  mine  it  can  be  brought 
into  another  state  of  prosperity. 

I    would  also  suggest  thai   when  any 
ore  body  is  discovered  of  the  same   im 

pCftance  as  that  in  which  we  have 
been  working  the  prospecting  of  the 
mine  be  kept  well  in  advance  of  the  ore 

extraction.   The  mine  deserves  ■< 

deal  of  development  work.     The  ore 

bodies  occur  in  kidneys  in  the  vein,  and 
it  is  well  to  keep  one  or  two  of  them  in 
sight. 


Professional  Cards. 


STEAM  ENGINEERING 


/.'     Kin  /,,'., 7, 

'"'"/..'  Are/lit,,  I  in  ill  il<,.„„,„;    Carprntry  ;,,.!  J .. 

'  Iran   Work;  h  .,..,,„.,;     Ilriila,     /■„.„„,,,  ;,„,.•     1/ 

,,„r;  Humtiing  unit  Heating,   Coal  and   \letal  )l, „,„,/:  /',,,*/„, ,,,,,,    unit  tin     ' 
sin, i. ins  make  rapid  progress  In  learning  id  Dra*   aid   Latter.    Tlii   - 
ESuglneurlDK  course  ts  (mended  to  qua  Ineers  !>•  seoure   Lloenses.    Seed  for  Free 

Circular,  stating  the  subject  you  wish  10  study,  to 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scrantou,  Pa. 


I  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  J 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 
roying.  ArcliUecture,  Drawing  and  Ahhh 
7";:t  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  t'ni 

OPEN    All.    YK.Wl. 
A.  VAN   DEE  NAUjLEN.  President. 
Ass;i.\  lug  of  Or«B.$2d:  Ltiilil.ni  and  Clilorlnii 


Almarin   B.   Paul,  M.   E., 

Mining  Operator, 

ROOM  .1.  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
Cor.  Market  and  Mon  igromery  Sis.,  San  Francisco. 

Will  give  attention  to  the  Hale  of  and  report- 
in  g  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  tlie 
procuring  uf  suitable  Machinery  for  interest 
in  Developed  Mines. 

Plana  ami  EsttmateB  made  for  IMPROVED 
CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent 
instruction  for  working  tin.-  .same  on  a  large, 
(radical  scale. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, ! 

No.  3tt  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 
ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  t 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  t 
ores. 

SPECIAL  xVTTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Hulin  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Ofllce  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS,  I 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

'Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at  < 

Law." 

Will  examine  and   report  upon   "Title  and  \ 
i  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper 

Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  J 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any  , 
,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 

relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources  ] 
]  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will   be  hon- 
st  ly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 
131K  E  Street, 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph.  Johnston  and  Tullook  machines  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  In  Order. 
Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glanoe 
tho  advantage  ol  our  belts  over  any  other, 
First,  the  Bftnges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readllj  con- 
form to  the  change  of  dlrec    on  while  pass- 
Ingover  the  em)  rollers,    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequeni   breaking  of  the 
as  Ik  the  ease  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tical 1$     over- 
come. 

Again, in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt  trans- 
\  its  e  ly  two 
feet     apart, 

then-  is  a 
space  of  one 
inch,  contain- 

,      int.'      twenty 

"%       i-ilTles  l-.tJ  ol 
an     iueh     in 

i1"'^       depth.    This 

tends  to 
equalize  ihe  pulp  and  prevents  It  Trom  banking  ou  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.  This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  aud  quicksilver  thai  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a  belt  with  au  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

41  i)  Calif  urn  ia  Street,  If  iiy  wards  Kuildhig San  Francisco. 


i&Di 


fw»  ^ 


A      . 

Y  IN   ADJUOSTMtNr, 


\ 


■9.      '■'r y  of  A       .if 


/ 


Simonds  Saws 

and  flachine  Knives. 
,  RUBBER  BELTING,  RUBBER  HOSE, 

\  COTTON  HOSE,  PACKING. 

^     Leather  Belting,  Dodge  Wood  Split  Pulleys, 
Emery  Wheels,  Files. 

GRAPHITE  AND  GRAPHITE  GREASE. 
COVEL  BELT  HOOKS. 


Simonds  Saw/  Co., 


>'o.  :il  Main  Street,  Sail 


.85   First  Street.   1'ortland,  Or. 


LUNKENHEIM 


WHY  do  some  people  use  the  LUNKENHEinER   ► 
-     -     *    Goods,  and  continue  to  use  them ? 

BECAUSE,  they  have  used  and  tested  them;  they  have  always 
given  satisfaction,  and  are  never  misrepresented.  Such  being 
the  case,  do  vou  blame  them?  Some  know  and  appreciate  a 
good  thing  when  they  see  it.    DO  LIKEWISE. 

Our  new  Catalogue  of  superior  Valves,  Whistles,  Lu- 
bricators, Glass  Oil  Cups,  Grease  Cups,  Oil  Pumps,  Loose 
Pulley  Oilers,  etc.,  will  interest  you.    Sent  for  the  asking. 

Your  dealer  can  supply  you-  In  ordering  specify  "  LUN- 
KENHEIMER"  make,  and  you  will  get  the  best.  All  goods 
hear  our  name, none  genuine  without. 


♦  THE  ♦ 

Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J.  F.  KEMP,  A.  B.,  E.  M.T  Professor  of  Geology, 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 

Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  New 
Illustrations. 

A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coast,  oent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $4.00.    Address 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 

2SO  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  50  cents  additional  per 
volume. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 


Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  "Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&C0.8pringfield,0hio,U.SA 


1T4  MP  OIC 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CFKST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  ot  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions.   When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.    Send  for 

IllUSManeuracturedrby  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D,  MORRIS  &  CO,,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  or  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies         Stamp  Cam. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  ]6,  1895. 


--  .  §« 


Price  of  -i-foot  wide  Plain  Frue  Tanner 

"           "           "        Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner. 
"      6-foot     "       iPlain  Belt  Frue  Vanner 


.$500,  f.  o.  b. 
.  600,  f.  o.  b. 
.     600,  f.  o.  b. 


4000     IN     ACTUAL     USE.**^^ 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 

GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY,  FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal,  I 

C.  J.  Clark,  M.  E.,  Gen'l,  Supt.  Dec.  12.  1891.     f 

MESSRS.  ADAMS  A:  CARTER,  San  Pranclaco.  Cal.— Dear  Sirs:    During  my  experience  in 

mining'  and  milling,  I  have  used  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  ou  different 

kinds  of  ore,  both  gold  and  silver.    I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  with  other 

widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Frue  in  first  place.    When  I 

built  this  mill  (20  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  in  order  to  save  space  and 

machinery.    I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 

Twelve  Months.    They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 

tons  per  day.  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.    They  require  no  more  attention 

than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.    I  have  run  them  up  to 

80  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.    They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as 

TiTiTin      Ann      /inv/imTmnimnn     the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  bearing-sand 

rKUti      UKcj       LUHLEiNTiiA  I  UK     wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil,  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 

""""v*  ]   My  repair  account  for  the  past  six  months  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.    In  order  to 

give  an  idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing  here,  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 

from  $5  to  $20  per  ton  and  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  CO  cts.  per  ton.    I  will  conclude  by 

saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  Is  the  only  table 

that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.  C.  J.  CLARK,  Gen'l  Supt. 


For  any  information,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 

{Successor   to  Adams  &  Carter,) 

AGENT  FOR  THE 


132  7Vl/\RK.E:Tr  ST. 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 


Cable.     Address:     "RISDOIN'S"     San     Francisco. 


-^ssss^riANUFACTURERS    OF^z^> 

Johnston's  Concentrator,      ^X^}J^}^ 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS.  \ 

T.h„!McGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 

patented  September  H,  isB.       CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      frank  barrebe,  secretary  and  Manage 


Can  be  seen  In  operation  at  the  Company' 
Main  Street,  San  Francisco. 


works,  132 


Office,  116  Davis  Street. 


NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 
ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 


A  MARVEL  of  Simplicity,  Durability  and  Effectiveness, 
combining  both  Side  and  End  Motion  with  a  Bumping 
Belt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  belt  and  amount  of  PER- 
CUSSION easily  and  quieklv  regulated,  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  tons.  Only  one-tenth  horsepower 
required.    Adapted  for  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PRICE SS350  EACH 

Including-  prepared  canvas  belt  4  ft.  6  ins.  wide. 


Falls  Mine,  Igo,  Shasta  Co..  Cal.,  May  25th.  1893. 

The  McGlbw  Concextratob  Company:— I  take  much 
pleasure  In  endorsing  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. When  I  was  requested  to  examine  your  concen- 
trator, I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring  that  I  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Frue,  as  after  many  years' experience 
with  different  concentrators,  I  believed  them  to  be  the 
best. 

Now.  after  a  thorough  trial  of  the  McGlew  Ore  Concen- 
trator, ou  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I  emphatically 
pronounce  it  the  best  concentrator  of  any  I  have  ever 
used  In  handling  my  ores.  It  Is  doing  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  every  hour,  dried, 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  *  *  '  from  West  ledge,  a 
saving  by  your  concentrator  of  SMMj  per  cent;  from  East 
ledge,  *  *  *  a  saving  of  92  per  cent.  The  concentrator 
runs  very  easy  and  requires  but  slight  attention.  One 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

You  have  a  good  concentrator,  and  it  can  be  relied  upon 
to  handle  any  ore  that  will  concentrate.  I  most  heartily 
ecommend  U  to  the  mlnhig  public.  Yours  respectfully, 
E.  L.  BALLOU.  Propr.  Ballou  Reduction  Works. 


HAVE   YOU   A   niNE?     If  so  do  not  fail  to  see 

Parked  Lacy  Co/s  Stock  of 

MININGS  MACHINERY 


SOLD  AT  LOW  PRICES. 


21  and  :23  Rremont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


NOTICE   XO   GOLD   TWINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■  ■m   J\T   REDUCED   PRICES.  — ■' 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

N-    ■imrfff"5??'**  Incorporated.  -J^KSSBni^-^'' 

*s-  send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,Al^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ** 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


//  % 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLUME   LXX. 

.Nil  in  her  H. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  23,  1895. 


THREE    l)OI,l,AKS    PER   A\\l  M. 
single  CoplcQi  Ten  Cent*. 


A  Clear  Title. 


The  United  States  mining  laws  recognize  three  dis- 
tiru  t  titles:  Title  in  fee  simple,  title  by  possession, 
complete  ei|uitable  title.  The  first  vests  in  the 
grantee  an  indefeasible  title;  the  second  is  only  in  the 
nature  of  an  easement.  The  first  being  an  absolute 
grant  by  purchase  and  patent  without  condition  is 
not  defeasible;  the  second  is  a  mere  right  of  posses- 
sion and  enjoyment  of  profits  without  purchase,  and 
may  at  any  time  be  abrogated  by  failure  of  the  occu- 
pier to  comply  with  the  requirements  necessary  to 
hold  it.  The  equitable  title  accrues  immediately 
upon  purchase,  for  the  entry  entitles  the  purchaser 
to  a  patent,  and  the  right  to  a  patent  once  vested  is 
equivalent  to  one  actually  issued.  Sec. 
2324  of  the  Revised  Statutes  refers 
solely  to  titles  by  right  of  possession, 
and  in  no  way  conflicts  with  title  ac- 
quired by  purchase.  The  latter  is  the 
lowest  grade  of  title  known  to  the  min- 
ing laws:  the  next  is  the  equitable 
title,  which  accrues  upon  purchase  and 
entry;  the  third  and  final  grade  is  the 
fee  simple,  acquired  by  patent,  evi- 
dencing the  legal  title  and  merging  it  in 
both  the  possessory  and  equitable  titles. 
Under  the  pre-emption  laws  it  may 
occur  that  the  legal  title  may  be  in  one 
person  and  a  superior  equity  in  an- 
other; this  cannot  exist  under  the 
operation  of  the  mining  laws,  as  all 
legal  and  equitable  adverse  claims  and 
titles  must  be  presented  and  passed  on 
before  the  patent  issues,  or  be  con- 
sidered lapsed  and  abandoned. 

The  above  is  intended  to  emphasize 
a  trite  fact — that  a  mining  claim  should 
be  patented.  There  is  a  variety  of 
reasons,  foremost  among  them  being 
that  if  it  is  desired  to  sell  the  claim, 
the  possession  of  a  patent  is  a  great 
deal.  If  the  owner  of  the  claim  can 
say  ''I  have  a  United  States  patent," 
he  is  in  vastly  better  position  before 
the  prospective  purchasers  than  if  he 
cannot.  Many  a  good  opportunity  to  sell 
a  good  mine  has  been  lost  through  in- 
ability to  produce  a  Government  patent.  That  is  al- 
ways a  guarantee  of  title;  there  is  no  going  back  of  it  or 
behind  it.  Before  it  can  be  had,  certain  forms  must  be 
observed  and  everything  proved  up  beyond  a  possi- 
bility of  legal  entanglement.  None  know  this  better 
than  the  men  who  have  to  pass  upon  the  purchase, 
and  when  a  man  does  buy  an  unpatented  mine,  it  is 
very  often  with  the  proviso  that  a  good  part  of  the 
purchase  money  shall  be  withheld  until  a  patent  to 
the  property  can  be  secured.  That  is  only  fair,  for, 
if  there  be  any  flaw  or  hitch,  it  will  be  developed  dur- 
ing the  patent-application  proceedings,  although  un- 
disturbed and  uninterrupted  possession  may  have 
been  enjoyed  for  years.  Purchasers  must  protect 
themselves;  and  the  best  way  for  sellers  to  do  like- 
wise is  to  secure  a  patent.  In  general,  if  a  claim  is 
worth  working  or  selling,  it  is  worth  patenting.  A 
good  mine  with  a  poor  title  is  not  so  readily  available 
as  a  mine  not  so  good,  but  with  a  clear  title.  Negli- 
gence, delay,  carelessness,  should  not  occasion  lapse 
of  self-interest,  and  in  the  general  demand  for  good 
gold  properties  throughout  the  State  it  is  well  for 
every  claim  owner  to  bear  these  facts  in  mind. 


The  Best  Gas  Engine. 


Herewith  is  depicted  the  Daniel   Best   gas  engine 
with  generator  attached.     This  generator  is  part  of 

Hi igine.     It  is  the  upright  cylinder  and  connected 

by  pipes  to  the  main  cylinder  of  the  engine.  By 
utilizing  the  heat  from  the  exhaust  is  generated  gas 
from  a  class  of  cheap,  heavy  oils,  which  could  not 
otherwise  be  used  in  gas  engines.  From  oils  thus 
used  is  secured  an  over-product  in  the  shape  of  a 
lubricating  oil,  the  value  of  which — whatever  it  may 
be — is  of  course  deducted  from  the  first  cost  of  the 
crude  oil,  which  is  explained  in  the  table  below  of  a 
test  made  recently  of  a  Best  five  H.  P.  gas  en- 
gine based  upon  a  ten-hour  run. 


duces  lli.'  rust  to  a  minimum- -crude  petroleum 
at  ,'„<■  per  hour  per  horse  power,  Santa  Paulu  nil 
about  lc  per  hour  per  horse  power,  domestic  coal  oil 
lie  per  hour  per  horse  power,  and  on  gasoline  '-"  < 
per  hour  per  horse  power. 


THE    BEST    (JAS    ENGINE. 

This  table  also  shows  the  test  made  on  other  oils 
as  well  as  coal  or  city  gas.  By  reference  to  this 
table,  it  will  be  seen  the  economical  discrimination 
in  favor  of  gas  engines  using  crude  oils.  As  crude 
oil  will  not  explode  from  any  cause  except  When  set 
on  fire  like  any  ordinary  oil,  there  is  further  merit 
from  an  insurance  standpoint.  It  is  claimed  that 
even  if  the  over-products  could  not  be  disposed  of,  it 
is  still  one-half  cheaper  to  use  crude  oil  than 
gasoline. 

Following  is  a  test  of    one  of    these   five   H.  P. 

gas  engines,   running   ten   hours   on   different  oils, 

using  the  generator,  the  results  showing  a  reduction 

in  the  cost  of  operating  a  gas   engine  to  a  minimum: 

Coal  or  city  gas,  1000  reet $2  00 

Gasoline  (74  test),  8J£  gallons,  at  He 1  23 

Domestic  coal  oil,  7lA  gallons,  at  10c 7ft 

Santa  Paula  crude  oil  (alphaltum  base),  16  gallon*,  at  .1c   ,. ,  48 

From  this  there  is  an  overproduct  of  seven  gallons,  which 

is  in  the  shape  of  asphaltum,  valued  at  3c 21 

Crude  petroleum  (paramne  base),  13  gallons,  at  5c 65 

From  this  there  isanoverproduct  of  three  gallons  of  good 
lubricating  oil,  which  we  consider  equal  to  any  we 
have  ever  used,  but  we  will  estimate  its  value  con- 
servatively at  20c 60 

According  to  these  figures  furnished  by  Mr.  Best, 

the   operation  of  these   engines  with  crude  oils  re- 


"  What  does  it  cost  to  produce  an  ounce  of  silver  " 
is  a  question  that  has  again  been   started   going   the 
rounds.     An  English  authority  gives    the    indefinite 
data    of    "over    four    shillings    an    ounce."     That, 
certainly,  appears  to  be  sufficiently  obscure   to  pass 
uncontradicted.     Still,  in  extenuation  of   that  vague 
transatlantic  estimate,  it  must  be  confessed  that  an 
exact  answer  to  the  question    is    difficult    lo  give,  as 
fio  many  factors   enter   into   the.   equation,   some  of 
them  extremely  difficult   to  determine. 
Where  silver  and   silver   alone  is  pro- 
duced;  where   the   ore   yields  a  large 
percentage  of  gold,  where    "the  lead 
pays  for  the  mining,"   there  must  be 
large  allowances  for  the  necessary  dif- 
ference in  cost  of  production.     Then, 
too,  is  to  be  taken   into  consideration 
the  amount   of  necessary  dead  work, 
the   investment  in  machinery,  varying 
cost  of  sundries,  all  of  which  enter  into 
the  question.     The   fact  that  so  many 
straight  silver  propositions   have  shut 
down     emphasizes     that     at     present 
quotations      they     have      ceased     to 
pay.      This    is    probably      the     most 
practical    evidence    of  cost   that    can 
be  furnished.     Where   silver  has   been 
merely     a     "by-product"      its      cost 
has  been  reckoned  as  low  as  five  cents 
an    ounce.      Where   it  has   been  pro- 
duced from  an   assessed,   non -dividend 
paying  mine   it  has  been  shown  to  cost 
over  $2.25  an   ounce.     In  the  old  days 
on   that  part  of    the   Comstock  work- 
ing in  bonanza  an  ounce  of  fine  silver 
was  reckoned  to  cost  thirty-eight  cents; 
the  mines  working   in  barrasca    made 
the   silver    they    yielded    cost    $2    an 
ounce.     It  is  believed   that  during  '91 
the  average  cost  of  an  ounce  of  silver 
mined  in  this  country  was  about  eighty- 
four  cents.     The  improvement  in  silver 
processes    has    not  kept     pace    with   that  in  gold 
methods.      Taken    all  through,  it   is  probable   that 
anj'thing  short  of  eighty-five  cents  an  ounce  for  fine 
silver   makes   it's  mining,  in  general,  an  unprofitable 
pursuit. 

The  taxation  of  mining  claims  in  Colorado  is  being 
discussed.  It  is  in  order  to  observe  that  unpatented 
mining  claims  are  now  "taxed"  annually  $100,  ex- 
cept when  that  law  is  suspended.  The  tax  does  not 
go  to  the  government,  but  the  principle  is  virtually 
the  same. 

The  Siberian  newspapers  announce  the  discovery 
of  rich  and  extensive  gold  fields  along  the  upper 
reaches  of  the  rivers  Neya,  Nina  and  Uibat,  in  the 
province  of  Yeniseisk,  East  Siberia. 

The  war  over  railroad  transportation  rates  from 
the  coal  fields  to  Chicago  is  the  means  of  landing 
soft  coal  in  that  city  at  a  lower  cost  than  ever 
before — $2  per  ton. 

'.' Everything  is  cheaper  these  times,"  says  a  city 
contemporary.     How  about  gold  ? 


114 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  23,  1896, 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Office,  Xo.  220  Market,  street.  Northeast  corner  Front,  San  Francisco, 
S&~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  street. 


Annual  Subscription.. 


Chicago  Office CHAS.  D.  SPALDING, 


189  La  Salle  St. 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoflice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Our  latest  farms  go  to  prem  nit  Thursday  eveaiau. 
.1.  P.  HALLORAN General  illanag 


San  Francisco,  February  23,  1895. 


TABLE    OP    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS— The  Best  Gas  Engine.  113.  An  Aged  Sequoia 
in  a  Pine  Forest:  The  Ghost  ol  the  Forest  on  Cypress  Point.  117. 

EDITORIALS.— A  Clear  Title;  The  Best  Gas  Engine:  Miscellane- 
ous, 113.  As  to  California:  The  Jones  Bill;  Well,  Well!;  Miscella- 
neous, 114. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS— Advice  to  Inventors;  Freezing  a  Soap 
Bubble:  Astronomical  Laboratory  uear  Pasadena,  120. 

CORRESPONDENCE.— The  Executive  and  the  Mining  Rureau, 
118.    Colorado  Mining  Stocks,  119. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— New  Uses  for  Babbitt  Metal;  Da 
mascus  Tempering;  Another  Serious  Blow  to  the  Steam  Eugiue: 
Miscellaneous.  121. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS— A  Kansas  City  Electric  Carriage;  A 
Tremendous  Light:  Miscellaneous.  124. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories.  133. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  aud 
Coke:  Mining  Share  Market:  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board  ; 
Notices  of  Meetings:  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc..  126. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Reports  of  Two  Experts.  114.  Concentrates; 
Personal;  Obituary,  115.  A  Paternal  Scheme;  Unemployed  Iron- 
workers: Enlivened  by  Gold:  Wagon  Bows.  116.  Specters  of  the 
Forest:  Senator  Jones'  Luck,  117.  As  Told  by  Judge  Gibson:  Tried 
the  Experiment ;  Structure  of  Gold  Nuggets:  To  Save  Fine  Gold; 
What  Colorado  Miners  Want:  The  Boot  on  tut  Other  Leg,  119. 
What  a  Cannon  Ball  Can  Do.  130.  Earnings  of  Labor  in  1890.  Rus. 
sia's  Metal  Resources,  124.  Where  Cash  is  Scarce:  Market  for 
American  Woods,  125. 


Regarding  the  proposed  suspension  of  assessment 
for  '95,  the  general  consensus  of  the  mining  com- 
munity is  against  it.  It  would  be  a  mistake  to  re- 
peat the  suspension  act  of  '93  and  '94. 

The  Colorado  smelting  combine  has  gone  to  pieces, 
and  hereafter  each  smelter  will  act  independently, 
the  constant  contest  between  the  ore  seller  and  ore 
buyer  assuming  a  phase  more  favorable  to  the 
former. 


ously  contemplate  going  there.  Of  course,  brains 
are  never  at  a  discount  auywhere,  and  a  clever  man 
will  ultimately  get  a  foothold;  but.the  same  expendi- 
ture of  skill,  knowledge  and  energy  that  would  admit 
of  his  making  a  meager  living  there  would  give  him 
a  far  better  mode  of  existence  in  California — the 
most  favored  gold  mining  region  on  the  globe.  The 
Press  early  received  positive  evidence  regarding  the 
undesirability  of  indiscriminate  migration  to  the 
South  African  gold  fields,  and  has  reiterated  the  in- 
formation. A  multitude  of  interior  papers  have 
steadily  advertised  the  cheap  passage  rates  an- 
nounced by  a  shipping  firm  in  this  city;  and  this, 
with  the  glamour  cast  over  the  fact  that  a  few  first- 
class  California  miners  who  had  considerable  State 
reputation  have  got  princely  salaries  there,  has 
naturally  acted  as  an  incentive  to  many  to  try  their 
luck  there  too.  But  the  facts  are  as  so  often  stated  in 
these  columns,  and  time  tends  more  and  more  to  con- 
firm them. 


the.  Manhattan  and  Chemical  banks  of  New  York 
being  the  intermediary  in  one  $450,000  transaction 
in  Sierra  Co.  Besides  "Eastern  men",  the  past 
year  saw  considerable  capital  from  Colorado,  Mon- 
tana and  Utah  judiciously  invested  in  California  gold 
mines,  yielding  and  to  yield  a  handsome  return. 
British  and  French  capital  to  the  extent  of  at  least 
a  million  dollars  also  found  investment  in  this  State 
in  gold  mines  in  '94. 


Reference  was  made  last  week  to  the  injunction 
bill  in  the  State  Legislature,  which  gave  hydraulic 
miners  the  same  stauding  in  law  enjoyed  by  other 
people  in  other  pursuits — no  more,  no  less.  It  passed 
the  Senate,  was  beaten  in  the  Assembly,  but  was  re- 
considered and  passed  to  second  reading;  hence  will 
now  in  all  probability  become  a  law.  The  success  of 
this  measure  is  largely  due  to  State  Senator  Ford 
and  Assemblyman  Thomas. 


A  Montana  Congressman  has  discovered  an  un- 
repealed law  passed  in  '57,  ordaining  that  certain 
denominations  of  Mexican  silver  money  be  received 
at  the  United  States  Treasury  at  fixed 'valuations, 
aud  hopes  to  make  it  possible  by  legislation  to  send 
silver  to  Mexico  for  coinage,  bring  it  back  here  and 
get  the  value  for  it  under  the  law  at  the  United 
States  Treasury,  thus  indirectly  securing  free  coin- 
age of  silver.  The  validity  of  the  law  is  beyond  dis- 
pute, but  the  official  cessation  of  Mexican  mintage  of 
the  coins  designated  in  the  statute,  will  render  nuga- 
tory the  attempt.  The  dies  for  those  coins  were 
destroyed  ten  years  ago. 

Reciprocity  with  Mexico  is  of  present  importance 
to  the  United  States.  The  productions  of  the  coun- 
try are  different.  Mexico  is  a  country  of  raw  mater- 
ial; ours  is  a  manufacturing  country.  Mexico  has 
15.000,000  people  engaged  in  silver  mining,  sugar 
growing,  coffee  growing,  etc.,  who  have  money  to 
pay  for  improved  mining  and  other  machinery,  and 
manufactured  articles  of  every  kind.  Mexico  is  not 
naturally  a  manufacturing  country,  but  it  is  a  natural 
market  for  the  United  States.  It  must  be  cultivated: 
the  needs,  tastes,  even  whims  of  the  people  should  be 
catered  to;  what  is  worth  having  is  worth  asking. 
And  because  of  this,  the  approaching  Mexican  Expo- 
sition is  of  considerable  commercial  importance  to 
this  city  and  State.  There  is  a  good  feeling  between 
the  two  countries;  our  southern  neighbor  is  rich  and 
prosperous,  and  anything  aud  everything  that  can 
create  and   continue  commercial  relations  and   good 

will  should  lie  put  into  operation. 

__ ^_ 

Another  detachment  of  the  California  party  that 
left  here  last  May  for  the  .South  African  mines  has 
returned.  They  tell  the  same  story:  poverty,  ex- 
tortion, very  low  wages,  scarcity  of  work,  inferiority 
of  the  country  as  compared  with  California  for  min- 
ing and  woeful  privation  of  mauy  there.  It  is  the 
universal  verdict  of  all-W4?-4vave-seeii  w-he— have  been 
there  that,  unless -a  man  -has  assurance  of- a  good 
position  at  a  very  large  salary,  he  is  -unwise  to  seri- 


How  opinions  change  with  changing  circumstances 
is  well  illustrated    in    the    case   of   certain    editorial 
writers   in   Colorado.     Eighteen    months    ago    they 
wept  over  the  silver  depreciation  and  declared  the 
bottom  had  fallen  out  of   that  State.     According  to 
them  one  of  the  greatest  of  our  American  common- 
wealths was  doomed  to  depletion,   and  nothing  was 
left  but  to  mourn  over  the  grandeur  of  the  past. 
But.  the  sturdy  miners   of   the   Centennial   State   un- 
covered its  golden  treasure,  and,  finding  no  profit  in 
silver  mining,    developed   the  gold   mining  industry. 
Now.  the  same  men  who  talked  so  dolefully  over  the 
i  silver  outlook  have  gone  clear  over  on  the  other  side, 
ard  say   silver  is   no  good   anyway;  that  gold  is  the 
thing,  and  that  Colorado  would  be  a  loser  by  the  free 
coinage  of  silver.     Of  course,  the  truth  lies  between. 
Nothing  but  the  indomitable  spirit  characteristic  of 
the  miner  could  have   redeemed   Colorado   from   the 
depression  of  '93,  but  because  the  gold  yield  of  that 
State   so   far   exceeds   their   anticipation    does  not 
justify  Colorado  writers  in   decrying  silver.     Apart 
from  other  considerations  there  is  a  requisite  con- 
sistency in  expressed  thought  that   fails   to  sanction 
such    complete    change    in    opinion.     But  had    any 
writer  outside  of  the  State  in  '93  said  half  as  much 
about  the  relative  value  of  gold  and  silver  mines  as 
those  alluded  to  are  saying  now.  how  he  would  have 
been  held  up  as  an   enemy   of  mankind   in   general, 
and    the   foe    of   silver   in   particular.     The  State  of 
Colorado  is  tp  be  congratulated  on  her  happy  solu- 
tion of  the  industrial  problem  more  than  upon  the 
vacillating  policy  of  some  of  her  citizens,  who  exem- 
plify by  their    published    statements    the   difference 
be1  ween  those  who  work  and  those  who  only  talk. 


The  Jones  Bill. 


The  Jones  bill  is  manifestly  unsatisfactory  to  those 
who  favor  the  coinage  of  silver  at  the  ratio  of  16  to 
1.  It  provides  that  holders  of  silver  may  have  it 
coined  into  standard  silver  dollars,  receiving  its 
equivalent  therefor,  measured  by  the  metal's  market 
price  in  New  York  at  the  time  of  its  deposit  in  the 
mint.  At  60  cents  an  ounce  that  would  mean  a 
ratio  of  about  34  to  1,  which  from  a  free  coinage 
of  silver  point  of  view  is  absurd. 

In  discussing  the  question  a  usually  astute  Utah 
contemporary  declares  that  the  passage  of  the  law 
would  immediately  send  the  price  of  silver  up  to 
$1.29  per  ounce.  "  'Tis  a  consummation  devoutly  to 
be  wished."  But  will  it?  Experience  says  "  No." 
The  gentlemen  who,  when  silver  was  being  bouo-ht 
and- coined  to  the  extent  of  54.000.000  ounces  a  year, 
were  able  to  hammer  the  prices  down  from  $1.18  to 
81  cents  an  ounce,  would  be  able  to  make  or  mar  the 
market  at  their  selfish  pleasure  under  the  Jones  bill. 
As  a  constant  and  consistent  advocate  of  silver  the 
Press  believes  that  the  Jones  bill  would  not  open  an 
American  silver  mine  nor  aid  in  solving  the  present 
financial  difficulty.  Paltering,  subterfuge  or  evasion 
has  about  worn  out  the  patience  of  the  country. 
There  should  be  no  half-way  measures.  It  must  and 
will  come  to  free  coinage  of  silver  at  the  ratio  of 
sixteen  to  one,  and  nothing  else  will  satisfy  the 
country  or  afford  necessary  relief. 


Well,   Well  ! 


Although  California  is  the  oldest  miuiug  camp  in  the  west 
it  is  way  behind  the  times  in  improved  methods  ol'  mining  and 
milling. — Deadwnrid  Pioneer,  Feb.  IS. 


As  To  California. 


With  all  the  talk  about  the  sales  of  mines  to  Eastern  syndi- 
cates, who  knows  of  any  considerable  sum  of  money  actually 
paid  by  the  Eastern  men  last  year.?  We  venture  to  say  the 
total  paid  for  Western  mines — not  stocks — did  not  exceed  a 
quarter  million  dollars.  The  present  year  promises  to  do  much 
better.  It  starts  off  with  one  cash  sale  we  know  is  made — 
the  Iron  Mountain  group  of  California.  Among  others  who 
were  interested  in  the  sale,  were  N.  F.  Cleary,  formerly  of 
Leadyille,  and  Hugh  McDonnell,  of  Montana,  who  is  well 
known  in  Denver.  A  good,  nice  part  of  the  purchase  price  of 
$300,000  was  paid  in  cash  last  Thursday.  Boston  and  New 
York  parties  were  the  purchasers. — Dearer  Mutiny  Industry 
ami  Tradesman,  Feb.  14. 

Eastern  men  put  a  good  deal  of  money  into  Cali- 
fornia gold  mines  last  year.  The  excerpt  above  is 
not  in  accord  with  the  facts.  Among  the  large  sales 
of  California  gold  mines  reported  made  in  '94  to 
"  Eastern  men  ",  may  be  cited  the  Somerville  Con.. 
Gold  mines,  consisting  of  the  Lena,  Bell  flower, 
Young  America,  Seminole,  George  Worcester  and 
Buckeye,  in  Tuolumne  Co.,  sold  to  T).  H.  Cole,  of 
New  York  City,  for  $1,000,000;  the  Burton  group, 
on  the  Robinson  Ferry  road,  one  mile  north  of  Tut- 
tletown,  Tuolumne  Co.,  sold  to  Montreal  men  for 
$140,000;  the  Mountain  Yiew  in  Fresno  Co.,_sold  by 
A.  Wambold  to  Chicago  men  (Chicago  is  reckoned 
''  East  "  outhere.)  for$40,000;  the  Gold  Ridge  Consol- 
idated, comprising  four  quartz  mines,  and  1000  acres 
hydraulic  ground  to  E.  Barstow  and  W.  Pumfort  of 
New  York,  for  $35,000,  the  Chapparall  mines  near 
Angels  Camp,  Calaveras  Co.,  sold  to  Mathers  & 
Jackson  of  New  York,  for  $400,000. 

Besides  these  there  were  numerous  other  sales, 
principally  in  central  and  northern  California,  of 
mining  properties,  drift,  placer  aud  quartz,  involving 
sums  from  $5,000  to '$2  10.000;  wherein  a  large  part' of 
the  purchase  money  was  furnished    by   Eastern  men; 


The  author  of  the  above  omits  to  state  whether 
he  knows  the  assertion  to  be  a  fact,  or  whether  it  is 
just  his  own  private  opinion.  If  he  assumes  it  is  a 
fact,  he  will  please  establish  proof.  If  it  be  simply 
his  belief,  while  he  has,  in  general,  the  right  to  be 
wrong,  yet  in  this  case  he  abuses  the  privilege. 
As  the  pioneer  in  gold  mining  and  milling  methods, 
California  has  originated  about  all  the  successful 
principles  in  actual  practice;  the  miners  of  this 
State  are  in  all  respects  fully  up  to  and  in  several 
respects  ahead  in  modes  and  methods  of  mining  aud 
milling  gold  ore;  the  latest,  up-to-date  processes  are 
in  use  all  over  the  State,  many  of  them  California 
productions,  and  when  a  competent  man  is  needed  in 
any  part  of  the  world  to  superintend  or  successfully 
manage  large  mining  enterprises  it  is  to  California 
that  the  owners  or  directors  turn — and  they  usually 
find  the  talent,  skill,  experience  and  ability  needed. 
For  these  men  they  pay  from  $5000  to  $60,000  a 
year.  "  They  come  high,  but  they  must  have  'em." 
The  South  Dakota  scribe  who  got  off  the  above 
squib  might  be  pardoned  for  his  ignorance,  but  his 
:  stupidity  cannot  be  condoned. 


The  Committee  on  Mineral  Lands,  appointed  at 
the  last  session  of  the  California  Miners'  Associa- 
tion, report  very  satisfactory  progress.  The  famous 
or  infamous  '' clear  list  54,"  covering  nearly  134,000 
acres  of  valuable  California  land,  and  once  certified 
to  as  correct  by  the  Government  examiners,  is  to  In- 
published,  and  miners  will  have  a  chance  to  file  pro- 
tests. This  list  embraces  lands  in  Nevada,  Placer 
and  El  Dorado  counties,  and  is  of  interest  to  every 
miner  in  those  counties.  List  22  in  the  Los  Angeles 
district  and  list  25  in  the  Redding  and  Marysville 
land  district  have  also  been  withdrawn,  and  there  is 
a  general  suspension  of  Government  haste  in  patent- 
ing lands  to  the  railroad  companies.  The  Hartman 
bill  leaves  California  out,  but  a  bill  forfeiting  all 
lands  granted  to  bond-aided  railroads  has  been  re- 
ported favorably  by  the  committee  to  whom  it  was 
referred,  and  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  the 
Interior?  As  usual,  Senator  Stewart,  of  Nevada, 
is. righting  the  effort  to  secure  justice  for  the  miners 
and  trying  to  aid  the  railroad  side  of  the  case. 


February  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Concentrates. 

Gold  comma  premium. 

Tin;  Morning  Stat-  Mining  <  la  has  declared  a  $4  dividend. 
Thk  Mammoth  [Arizona)  mill  and  mine  start  up  this  week. 
bhak   ft  Ti  i'.m.i   have    boughl   the  Angel's   mine,   al 
Angela. 
Tin   PobtlamdG.  M  Co.,  ol  Victor,  Colorado,  has  declared 

Taunts  are  upwards  ol  it"'  men,  including  teamsters  end 
rawfa  d  •'  i'i  I  he  Slocan. 

Thk  i  ■  ■■  I "  Hi"  Kit  tie  Johnny, ( 'olorado, 

mine  Ib!  output  230  tons  daily. 

Ryan  Bko»  ol  Chi  renne,  have  boughl  a  hulf  interest  in 
■    near  Indio,  I  'ai. 

Tin:  only  mine  now  in  operation  at  Mullan,  Idaho,  is  the 
.    .<ii  n  hlch  but  thr  employed. 

Tin.  mill  "ii  the  Empire  mine  near  Copperopolts  has  been 
completed,  and  in  a  Bhorl  time  will  be  started  up. 

During  January  twenty-seven  mining  companies  in  the 
Rocky  Mountain  regi  I   38,000  in  dividends, 

I'm  Brho  wants  it  understood  that  Angel's  Camp,  and  not 
is  the  nami  d  where  it  is  published. 

T.J.  Ki\'i  v  has  Leased  the  borax  works  In  Saline  valley, 
Nevada,  abandoned  bj  Messrs.  Stoutenborough.  &  Mllner. 

Thb  Anaconda  company  will  begin  next  month  the  erection 
ofarefln  at  Great   Fails,   Montana,  to  cost  $2,000,000. 

Accord  in  a  to  the  Leaven  worl  h,  Wash.,  Journal,  "con- 
siderable platinum"  is  washed  in  the  gold  gravel  thereabouts. 

Bxohtxbh  ported  making  good  wages  on  their 

own  account  al  Montgomery,  Ivanpah district,  San  Bernardino 
Co 

.mi  minim  bus  been  discovered  again,  this  time  in  Utah, 
"in  volcanic  slag,"  which  is  a  decided  metallurgical  phe- 
m 

At  the  new  gold  camp  six  miles  from  El  Dorado  canyon, 
Nevada,  Flood  and  Mackay  have  thirty  men  developing  their 
property.    A  mill  will  Bhortly  be  built. 

Fbom  Vanderbilt,  Cal.,  comes  a  description  of  a  unique 
mill,  built  by  Mr.  Brown,  entirely  of  wood  except  bosses 
and  shoes,  and  operated  by  horse  power. 

Dividend  No.  1  of  the  War  Eagle  Mining  Company  has  been 
able  ftt  the  offices  Ol  the  company  iu  Spokane, 
Wash.      Aim  urn  t  $80,000;  six  cents  per  share. 

Evkkv  conceivable  method  ol  placer  work,  from  the  rocker 
and  snipe  to  l  be  Kem  w  asher  and  sluice,  is  being  utilized  in 
getting  gold  from  the  bars  in  Colorado  canyon. 

Toe  Old  Glory  mill  at  Oro  Blanco,  Arizona,  is  said  to  be 
taking  $100  off  from  the  plates  every  twelve  hours,  and  $100 
in  cooceul  rales,  making  a  total  daily  yield  of  $400. 

Thb Golden  Valley  Mining  Company  has  been  incorporated 
at  Portland,  Maine,  for  the  purpose  of  engaging  in  gold  mining 
in  Lhe  i  ces  district  in  Sonora.    The  capital  is  $100,000. 

The  Green  Mountain  mine,  in  the  Murchie  ravine,  Nevada 
Co.,  lias  been  bonded  by  J.  VV.  Straw,  late  foreman  of  the 
English  Mountain  mine,  who  is  backed  by  a  Colorado  company. 

Foi  H  in  NDRED  tuoi  band  dollars  is  the  announced  price 
paid  for  the  Blair  mine  to  J.  J.  &  Wm.  Smadeke  at  Smith's 
Plat,  near  Angels    $50,000  down,  and  the  remainder  later  on. 

It  is  said  that  the  Tacoma  smelter  is  now  guaranteeing 
mine  owners  that  payments  for  ore  will  be  made  in  gold,  pro- 
vided the  yellow  metal  sells  at  a  premium  before  the  end 
-,i  i si.:,, 

Uain  bas  evidently  fallen  in  Arizona.  The  Prospector  says : 
"This  is  a  splendid  year  for  ducks  and  placer  miners;  placer 
gold  is  coming  in  from  every  quarter  and  ducks  from  every 
valley." 

The  Prince  mine,  in  the  heart  of  the  town  of  Altaville,  Cal., 
shows  a  four  and  a  half  foot  vein,  and  is  reported  to  yield  well 
in  free  gold.  No  accurate  value  of  the  rock  has  yet  been 
secured. 

A  bill  bas  been  introduced  in  the  Montana  State  Senate 
providing  for  the  establishment  of  a  uniform  system  of  signals 
lor  use  in  all  mines  where  the  shaft  is  seventy-five  feet  or 
more  deep. 

The  Somerfield  mine,  owned  by  C.  U.  Barker  of  Bauniug 
and  Fish  &  Son  of  San  Bernardino,  near  the  old  Dos  Palmos 
stage  line  station,  San  Bernardino  Co.,  has  been  bonded 
for  $125,000. 

W.  C.  Wynkoop  of  Denver,  last  week  closed  a  sale  on  which 
he  had  been  engaged  a  year,  of  mining  property  in  Calico 
district,  San  Bernardino  county,  for  $75,000.  Boston  men  are 
the  purchasers. 

Extensive  sulphur  mines  situated  in  Lower  California  have 
been  located  by  Anthony  Godbe,  the  claims  having  been 
accepted  by  the  proper  department  of  mines  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior. 

Colorado  Springs  reports  that  the  Mollie  Gibson  company 
will  pass  its  February  dividend.  The  mine  is  only  producing 
40-ounce  ore  at  this  time,  and  expenses  of  the  past  month  con- 
sumed all  the  output. 

The  Nevada  Sentinel  says  "there  is  not  a  man  in  Eureka 
county  who  has  an  income  of  $4,000  a  year."  The  income  tax 
does  not  affect  the  people  of  the  Base  Range.  The  price  of 
silver  is  too  low  for  that. 

The  Ec/tO  hears  that  the  Sawyer  claim,  situated  on  the 
Dead  Horse  lead,  Angel's  Camp,  has  been  bonded  by  theUtica 
Mining  Co.  for  $34,000,  and  that  a  deed  will  issue  for  the 
property  in  June  next. 

At  Sonora  last  Monday,  in  the  Golden  Gate  mine  suit,  the 
ninety-one  special  issues  were  all  decided  by  a  jury  in  favor  of 
E.  C.  Loftus,  the  plaintiff,  thus  deciding  that  the  mine  was 
not  a  corporation  but  a  copartnership  concern. 

A  Tacoma  dispatch  says :  "If  all  indications  are  uot  at  fault 
the  famous  Lost  Rocker  mine  of  Alaska  has  been  found."  All 
famous  "lost"  mines  in  all  localities  are  always  "found"  when 
the  snow  lies  the  deepest,  but  the  find  rarely  materializes 
later  in  the  year. 

»  The  Seattle  Press-Times  says:  "Already  there  are  many 
more  men  in  Juneau  and  on  Douglas  Island,  immediately  op- 
posite, than  can  be  given  employment  at  the  Treadwell,  Bos- 
ton or  Nowell  mines,  vacancies  in  any  of  the  three  companies 


116 


rarely  .-curring  among  the  white  operatives.     This  is   .; 
the  fact  that  all  through  Alaska,  at  both  mines  and  canneries, 
the    "siwashes" — native   Indians— are  employed    to    do    the 
rough  and  more  laborious  work,    white  men  only    being  em- 
ployed when  skill  or  technical  knowledge  is  necessary." 

As  a  matter  of  urgent  necessity,  a  bill  was  Introduced  In 
the  House  last  Thursday  appropriating  $90,000  topay  the  ex- 
penses of  the  United  States  Debris  Commission.     It  is  possible 
that  this  session  it  will  be  appended  to  the  civil  appropl 
bill,  and  so  go  through. 

WITH  surprise  not  unmixed  with  doubt  it  is  read  in  the 
Yuma  Prospector  that  the  heirs  of  the  late  Senator  Fair  have 
sent  to  Yuma  a  detective  to  hunt  up  information  detrimental 
to  their  father's  eharaetcr  during  his  visits  their  in  the  fall 
Of  1803 and  winter  of  1893. 

Fou  the  month  ending  December  1st,  UM,  the  gold  yield  of 
Western  Australia  was  as  follows:  Coolgardie,  14,01*3  ounces; 
Murchison,  7,3(11  ounces;  Yilgarn,  1,310  ounces;  Kimberley, 
VM  ounces;  Dundas,  100  ounces;  Pilbarru,  20  ounces;  total, 
33,6S8ounces;  value,  £89,787. 

Tin;  American  company  which  recently  bought  the  Santo 
Domingo  gold  placers,  in  the  Magdaleua  district  of  Sonora, 
have  already  spent  $100,000  in  road  making,  machinery  pur- 
ohases  and  other  preliminary  work.  The  ground  to  he  ex- 
ploited comprises  200  claims  of  a  hectare  each. 

Tui:  Crosscut  Gold  Mining  Company  has  filed  articles  of  in- 
corporation with  the  Montana  Secretary  of  State.  The  capital 
stock  is  $250,000.  The  incorporators  are  R.  B.  Henderson,  J. 
S.  Sherburn  and  W.  E.  Horton.  The  company  will  operate 
the  Crosscut  mine,  in  Park  district,  Jefferson  county. 

It  is  no  uncommon  thing,  says  the  Echo,  to  hear  of  parties 
receiving  a  patent  for  a  homestead  and  then  in  a  short  time 
thereafter  developing  a  mine  on  the  laud,  or  leasing  a  portion 
of  it  for  mining  purposes.  There  are  a  few  such  cases  in 
Calaveras  county,  and,  probably,  iu  Tuolumne  and  Amador. 

A.  Hanaiek  has  nearly  completed  his  annual  report  for  the 
government  of  the  mineral  output  of  Utah  for  1894.  The  re- 
port shows,  contrary  to  all  prophecies,  that  the  silver  produc- 
tion did  not  increase  duriug  the  year,  but  was  substantially 
the  same  as  that  of  1893.  The  gold  production  was  heavily  in- 
creased. 

Tue  Tucson,  Arizona,  School  of  Mines  is  about  to  put  in  a 
car-load  of  mining  machinery,  including  a  crusher  for  fine 
work;  a  5-stamp  mill,  with  000-pound  stamps,  feeder,  plates 
and  all  appurtenances;  a  3-stamp  mill,  with  250-pound  stamps, 
for  treating  small  lots;  a  sample  grinder  and  automatic 
sampler. 

Chicago  firms  have  offered  to  provide  the  capital  necessary 
to  bring  water  on  to  the  gold  bearing  benehes  of  the  Anglo- 
American  gold  mine  claim  on  the  Similkameen  river,  provide 
all  the  machinery  and  put  the  enterprise  on  a  sound  footing. 
The  Anglo-American  company  are  considering  the  proposition 
and  conditions. 

The'  War  Eagle  mine,  Trail  Creek,  cleared  §25,000  last 
month,  after  paying  all  expenses,  including  new  buildings, 
etc.  The  War  Eagle  people  were  inconvenienced  on  account 
of  there  being  no  custom  officer  in  Rossland,  so  they  made 
application  for  one,  and  guaranteed  his  pay.  Already  the 
office  is  self-sustaining. 

Criticising  a  recent  article  about  South  African  mines,  a 
Colorado  subscriber  says  that  Mr.  Webber,  the  superintend- 
ent of  the  Crown  Reef  would  not  exaggerate  the  value  or 
amount  of  the  ore  therein,  and  that  the  ore  in  the  Little 
Jonny  will  average  §50  per  ton,  and  stating  that  the  way  it  is 
here  spelled  is  the  correct  orthography. 

It  is  reported  that  the  London  &  Cripple  Creek  Reduction 
Co.  has  been  organized  to  build  a  smelter  at  Colorado  City 
with  a  paid-up  capital  of  $650,000,  and  that  the  company  has 
secured  an  option  on  fifty-four  acres  adjoining  Colorado  City, 
including  the  iron  furnace  and  glass  works,  the  former  of 
which  is  to  be  turned  into  a  smelter. 

An  Arizona  miner  is  reported  at  work  near  the  summit  of 
Mt.  Union,  one  of  the  highest  mountains  in  that  section,  with 
a  rocker  taking  out  placer  gold.  Water  from  snow  is  to  be  had 
sufficient  for  rocker  work  there  at  this  season  of  the  year.  It 
is  an  Arizona  peculiarity  that  placer  gold  is  as  liable  to  be 
found  on  top  of  a  mountain  as  iu  the  bed  of  a  creek. 

Flattering  reports  are  being  received  from  a  new  gold 
find  on  the  line  of  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  road,  about  three 
miles  west  of  Ibex.  The  croppings  were  hauled  to  the  Ibex 
mill,  where  it  yielded  §12  per  ton.  From  these  prospect  holes 
they  are  now  taking  out  ore  that  runs  860  in  gold  to  the  ton. 
The  owners  of  the  Ibex  property  are  chiefly  interested  in  the 
new  find. 

John  Popevale,  a  miner  employed  at  the  Rawhide  mine, 
Tuolumne  Co.,  last  Tuesday  fell  from  the  skip  at  the  500- 
foot  level,  and  was  instantly  killed.  He  and  another  were  in 
the  skip  at  the  400-foot  level.  One  of  them  gave  the  engineer 
the  wrong  signal  and  he  sent  the  skip  into  the  sump.  As  he 
was  signaled  to  hoist,  the  unfortunate  man  fell  off,  his  head 
being  crushed  and  his  neck  broken. 

The  Washington  State  land  officers  have  received  a  decision 
from  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land  Office  affirming 
the  local  officer's  decision  in  favor  of  McBride  in  the  famous 
contest  case  of  the  State  of  Washington  against  John  G. 
McBride,  involving  a  valuable  school  section  in  the  city  of 
Tacoma.  McBride  based  a  claim  to  the  section  on  the  alleged 
mineral  character  of  the  land,  in  which  he  has  been  sustained. 

The  Juneau,  Alaska,  Record  figures  that  the  Treadwell 
stamps  crush,  each,  110  tons  every  twenty-four  hours.  They 
each  weigh  850  pounds,  and  make  ninety  blows  per  minute. 
Were  mechanism  devised  to  make  them  strike  900  blows  per 
minute  they  couldn't  each  work  110  tons  daily.  A  stamp  mill 
that  crushes  three  and  a  half  tons  to  the  stamp  every  day  is 
doing  more  than  the  average.  Probably  110  tons  per  month  is 
meant. 

Pumping  the  water  out  of  the  Oro  Fino,  Cal.,  mine,  begun 
in  December,  has  just  been  completed.  The  mine  has  been 
worked  to  a  depth  of  somewhat  more  than  300  feet,  and  the 
work  of  pumping  out  has  been  a  big  job.  There  is  a  good-sized 
ledge  exposed,  and  some  of  the  rock  is  very  rich.  The  first 
mill  on  this  ledge  was  built  in  1862.  In  1866  the  property  was 
purchased  by  Virginia  City  parties,  and  was  worked  for  sev- 
eral years  with  good  results. 

The  case  of  Silas  F.  King  vs.  the  Amy  and  Silversmith 
Mining  Company  has  been  sent  back  to  the  district  court  of 
Silver  county,  Montana,  on  a  remittur  from  the  United  States 


Supreme    t\.url.      The    ease    was    tried    in    the    district    court 

there  two  years  ago,  and  a  decision  rendered  In  favor  ol 
plaintiff.     It  was  then  appealed   to  the  State  Supreme  Court 
with  a  like  result,  and  from  there  to  the  Dnlted  State 
preme  Court,  with  the  above  outc 

Tim    American  Falls  Canal  and  Power  Company  has  incor 
poruted  at  Boise,  Idaho,  capital  stock  1500,000,   to  build  and 
operate  a  canal   near  American  Falls,  In  Idaho,   for  node 
milling  and  agricultural  purposes,  to  be  sixty   feet  broad,  and 
carry  Tour   reel  of  water,   about   fifty    miles  long.    The  pre 

limiuury  surveys  have  bee ade,  a  practical  i.  and 

the  final  location  will  be  made  al  once,  and  the  work  ol  con- 
struction commenced  as  mm.h  as  1  he  weather  will  permit. 

Georob  Webber,  who  since  '88  i,.lH  been  superintending 
operations  at  the  EX  Callado  gold  mine  in  south-eastern  Vem 
ZUela,  is  off  via  this  city  for  the  South  African  gold  fields.  He 
says  that  when  the  Rothschilds  bought  the  mine  in  ■*::  I'm- 
15,000,000,  it  had  already  yielded  $1S,IKXI,000,  and  since  then 
has  produced  (7,000,000,  besides  the  millions  that  he  says  have 
been  stolen  by  the  Jamaican  natives  working  in  the  mine. 
This  gold  mine,  which,  if  all  asserted  be  true,  is  the  richest 
gold  mine  in  the  world,  is  considered  to  be  about  exhausted. 

Tue  Colorado  or  Minas  Prietas  camp  in  Sonera,  Mexico,  is 
reported  by  F.  A.  Drake,  to  be  one  of  the  greatest  gold  camps 
in  the  world.  He  says  that  the  camp  has  seven  mills,  running 
day  and  night.  Some  of  the  ore  is  exceedingly  rich.  The 
Yaqui  miners  had  stored  away  a  total  of  twenty-six  pounds 
iu  the  Colorado  mine,  which  they  were  trying  to  bring  to 
the  surface.  They  were  caught  with  it  The  value  of  the 
ore  was  $00  a  pound.  The  company  are  now  said  to  be  contem- 
plating building  a  branch  railroad  to  Torres,  a  distance  of 
seventeen  miles. 

Baxta&Wink,  Port Orford, Or., claim  tohave  successfully 

solved  the  problem  of  separating  the  gold  from  magnetic  black 
sand  by  means  of  a  system  of  sluice  boxes  "saturated  with  a 
chemical  crystal  that  attracts  and  holds  the  gold,"  the  solu- 
tion being  "charged  with  a  magnet  invented  by  us,  the 
crystals  being  repulsive  to  iron.*'  They  say:  "We  save  90 
per  cent  of  all  gold  in  black  sand  or  gravel,  no  matter  how  fine 
the  gold  maybe."  These  are  very  sweeping  claims,  and,  if 
substantiated,  will  be  of  surpassing  importance  to  many  who 
have  long  been  baffled  in  attempts  to  successfully  work  black 
sand  deposits. 

The  Idaho  Statesman's  Silver  City  correspondent  mentions 
the  fact  that  in  one  of  the  mines  there  the  exhaust  plan  of 
ventilation  has  been  adopted.  This  is  the  only  method  of 
ventilation  where  ventilation  has  to  be  produced  by  artificial 
pi'ocesses.  The  old  idea  was  to  drive  fresh  air  into  the  face  to 
supply  the  men  working  there,  but  this  resulted  in  filling  the 
works  with  the  smoke  and  gases.  By  the  exhaust  process  the 
gases  are  drawn  into  pipes  at  the  face  and  taken  out  of  the 
mine,  leaving  nature  to  fill  the  vacuum  with  pure  air.  This 
method  is  particularly  useful  in  running  a  long  tunnel.  Under 
the  old  method  men  were  sickened  by  walking  through  the 
gases  driven  back  from  the  face,  but,  with  the  gases  and  foul 
air  taken  away  from  the  face  and  carried  out  through  pipes, 
there  is  no  part  of  the  tunnel  where  the  air  is  not  perfectly 
pure.  The  wonder  is  that  this  mode  of  ventilation  should  not 
have  been  devised  sooner  than  it  was;  aud  now  that  it  is  in 
use  there  is  no  excuse  for  continuation  anywhere  of  the  old 
man-killing  method. 

In  southern  Oregon,  where  most  of  the  mines  of  the  State 
are  located,  the  bill  introduced  by  Representative  Smith  of 
Josephine,  to  change  the  mining  laws  of  the  State,  is  unpop- 
ular. It  is  claimed  it  would  unnecessarily  place  many  impedi- 
ments in  the  way  of  the  development  of  Oregon'splacer  mines 
and  seriously  injure  that  important  industry.  The  impound- 
ing of  tailings,  which  is  required  by  the  measure,  is  one  of  its 
specially  obnoxious  features.  The  miners  say  Representative 
Smith's  bill  will  probably  suit  R.  D.  Hume  and  some  farmers 
living  along  the  streams  in  which  the  farmers  run  their  tail- 
ings. Hume  threatened  to  shut  down  mining  iu  southern 
Oregon  because  the  people  objected  to  him  capturing  all  the 
fish  that  wanted  to  go  up  the  river.  He  said  the  miners  were 
shoaling  the  mouth  of  Rogue  river.  The  miners  do  not 
want  any  such  bill,  and  it  will  be  the  beginning  of  endless 
litigation  and  the  shutting  down  of  gravel  mines  in  Jackson 
and  Josephine  counties. 


Personal. 

H.  B.  Murray  is  back  from  a  two  years'  trip  through  Mexico. 

Thus.  T.  LANEhas  returned  from  this  city  to  the  Utica  mine 
much  improved  in  health. 

Mr.  D.  W.  Balch,  formerly  assayer  in  the  United  States 
Mint,  is  at  Sydney,  Australia. 

E.\-Gov.  Willev  has  sold  his  extensive  mining  interests  in 
Idaho,  and  will  locate  in  this  State. 

Geo.  R.  Smith,  former  president  of  the  Gold  Hill,  Nev., 
Miners'  Union,  is  reported  dying  at  Reno  from  miner's  con- 
sumption. 

Ralph  Nichols  denies  the  statement  so  generally  circulated 
that  he  has  been  appointed  superintendent  of  the  De  Lamar 
mines,  Nevada. 

Thos.  Couch,  of  the  Boston  aud  Montana  Mining  [Co.,  and 
principal  owner  of  the  Merced  Gold  Mining  Co.  property,  is 
visiting  Coulterville,  Cal. 

W.  H.  James,  manager  of  the  Omaha  &  Grant  smelter,  de- 
nies that  his  company  has  any  intentions  of  erecting  a  smelt- 
ing plant  at  Guaymas,  Mexico,  or  Vancouver,  Wash. 

E.  R.  Abaihe,  formerly  superintendent  of  the  North  Star 
mine  at  Grass  Valley,  is  now  superintendent  of  a  gold  mine  ai 
Johannesburg,  South  Africa,  at  a  salary  of  $10,000  a  year. 

Mr.  I.  B.  Hammond,  of  Portland,  Or.,  is  in  the  city.  He 
has  completed  arrangements  with  the  Fulton  Engineering  and 
Ship-Building  Works  to  build  his  new  five-stamp  mill,  which 
he  is  introducing. 

J.  R.  De  Lamar,  the  "Monte  Cristo'1  oT  Idaho,  is  a  native  of 
Holland.  He  is  sized  up  by  a  local  newspaper  as  small  in 
stature,  with  large  features  and  red  hair,  and  has  been  a 
sailor,  a  glue  workman,  a  bartender  and  a  butcher.  As  he  is 
now  a  millionaire  he  has  given  up  the  other  jobs. 


Obituary. 

Wm.  Gwinn,  Sr.,  died  recently  at  the  Vacas  silver  mine, 
near  Muleros,  Mexico,  where  he  had  superintended  affairs  for 
the  last  eight  years.  He  was  a  California  pioneer,  well  and 
widely  known,  and  built  the  telegraph  lines  in  this  State  be- 
tween Auburn  and  Grass  Valley. 


110 


Mining  and. Scientific  Press. 


February  23,  1895 


A  Paternal  Scheme. 


Shall  the  Government  Own  Ock  Railways 
D.  Mann.  Pamphlet,  10  pp.  Price,  21)  cents. 
Publishing  Company,  New  York. 


;    By  Eugene 
Town  Topics 


The  author  answers  his  own  question  in  the 
affirmative,  and  after  disposing  of  all  objections  to 
governmental  ownership,  although  seeing  some 
financial  difficulties  in  the  way  of  raising  the  six  or 
seven  billions  cash  which  he  fixes  as  the  value  of  the 
$10,500,000,000  of  railway  securities,  he  elaborates 
the  following  plan  for  acquiring  the  nearly  180,000 
miles  of  railway  now  in  the  United  States: 

Let  all  the  railways,  either  voluntarily  or  by  gov- 
ernment compulsion,  unite  in  a  common  trust,  with 
the  government,  represented  by  a  commission,  as 
trustee.  In  order  to  effect  this  union  upon  an 
equitable  basis,  the  President,  the  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  and  a  practical  railway 
man  to  be  chosen  by  these  two  shall  act  as  a  com- 
mittee to  select  and  name  a  "  commission  of  apraise- 
ment."  This  commission  shall  consist  of  twenty-five 
members,  chosen  as  follows:  Five  railway  men,  five 
bankers,  five  merchants,  five  lawyers  and  five  expert 
accountants,  each  to  be  thoroughly  representative 
of  his  class.  They  shall  serve  for  the  period  of  one 
year,  in  which  time  it  is  expected  that  they  shall 
complete  their  work,  at  a  salary  of  $25,000  each. 
Each  member  shall  be  entitled  to  one  able  clerical 
assistant,  at  a  salary  of  $4000.  This  will  cost  for  the 
year  $725,000,  and  the  government  shall  be  reim- 
bursed later  on  by  the  consolidated  railways. 

The  commission  shall  divide  itself,  by  lot,  into  five 
sections  of  five  members  each  (one  banker,  one  rail- 
way man,  one  lawyer,  one  merchant  and  one 
accountant  to  each  section).  It  shall  also  divide  the 
country  into  five  sections,  corresponding  with  the 
number  and  extent  of  railways.  Then,  again  by  lot, 
a  section  of  the  country  shall  be  assigned  to  each 
section  of  the  commission  as  its  field  of  work. 

An  exhaustive  examination  of  all  railways  shall 
thereupon  be  made,  with  the  view  of  ascertaining 
their  rightful  value.  The  extent  and  condition  of 
material  property  shall  be  carefully  inventoried. 
Debts,  funded  and  unfunded,  as  well  as  accumulated 
surplus  and  sinking  funds,  will  be  scheduled.  Past 
business  and  future  prospects  will  be  fully  taken 
into  account,  in  order  that  their  earning  capacity 
may  be  justly  estimated.  All  the  elements  that 
tend  to  determine  or  influence  railways'  assets,  both 
present  and  prospective,  shall  be  given  considera- 
tion and  proper  weight. 

It  is  reasonable  to  infer  that  in  this  manner  the 
real  selling  value  of  a  railway  may,  without  preju- 
dice to  either  seller  or  buyer,  be  arrived  at.  A  com- 
parison of  this  appraisement  with  the  outstanding 
securities  of  each  railway  will,  in  due  time,  enable 
the  commission  to  set  a  correct  exchange  value  upon 
the  latter. 

The  findings  of  this  commission  of  appraisement 
shall  be  accepted  as  final  by  both  the  government 
and  the  railways.  We  will  assume  that  the  total 
valuation  thus  obtained  will  amount  to  $7,000,000,000. 
The  government  will  then  prepare  and  issue,  as 
trustees,  its  certificates  of  future  participation  in  a 
total  of  this  amount.  The  owners  of  previous  rail- 
way securities,  according  as  the  value  of  each  has 
been  fixed,  will  receive,  in  lieu  thereof,  these  new 
certificates  pro  rata  of  their  holdings.  The  charac- 
ter and  denominations  of  these  certificates  will  have 
been  determined  by  the  commission  of  appraisement. 
They  shall  be  freely  negotiable,  being  made  to 
bearer,  with  a  provision  for  registry  if  desired. 
This,  it  may  be  incidentally  remarked,  would  doubt- 
less put  the  larger  share  of  them,  sooner  or  later, 
into  easy  circulation  and  make  them  as  available  for 
currency  as  greenbacks,  and  with  an  equally  sound 
and  acceptable  basis. 

The  government  would  assume  no  obligation  of  re- 
demption other  than  the  duty  to,  at  any  time, 
through  its  treasury  and  sub-treasuries,  issue  new 
certificates  in  place  of  old  or  mutilated  ones.  The 
knowledge  that  they  represented  such  vast,  perma- 
nent and  profitable  wealth,  administered  by  an  abso- 
lutely responsible  trustee,  would  be  all  the  guaran- 
tee the  public  would  demand.  The  property  would 
exist  and  be  maintained  forever;  the  trustee  never 
dies,  and  the  business  and  earnings  would  go  on  as 
long  as  the  nation  survives.  Neither  bonds  or 
greenbacks  present  better  credentials. 

Having  thus  placed  itself  in  possession  of  all  rail- 
ways, the  government  will  proceed  to  operate  them, 
as  trustee  for  the  certificate  holders,  upon  a  plan 
outlined  in  the  following  pages. 

The  net  earnings,  after  providing  for  maintenance 
and  repairs,  shall,  to  the  limit  of  five  per  cent  upon 
the  whole  issue  of  certificates,  be  paid  over  semi- 
annually upon  presentation  as  a  dividend  to  the  cer- 
tificate holders.  All  earnings  in  excess  of  five  per 
cent  shall  belong  to  the  government  as  compensation 
for  its  services  as  trustee,  thus  acting  as  an  addi- 
tional incentive  to  profitable  management. 

It  is  expected  thai  the  ship  canal  between  the 
Baltic  and  the  Black  sea,  which  is  one  of  the 
greatest  modern  strategic  and  commercial  works, 
will  be  opened  for  traffic  by  the  close  of  the  present 
year. 


Unemployed   Ironworkers. 


It  is  possible  there  are  more  iron  men  with  nothing 
to  do  in  Chicago  than  idle  mechanics  in  any  other 
trade.  All  over  the  city  the  grim  buildings  whose 
funnels  have  been  scorched  and  eaten  by  the  blast 
flames  are  half  deserted,  and  the  white  sands  which 
shape  the  pillars  and  engines  and  pigs  and  rails  and 
bars  have  not  felt  the  sting  of  the  yellow  metal  for  a 
year.  The  weird  places  with  shambling  roofs  and 
blackened  sides,  where  have  worked  big  armies  of 
bare-armed  vulcans,  are  now  silent  save  for  the  clash 
of  a  few  hammers  that  tinker  on  custom  orders,  or 
the  songs  of  the  polishers  who  oil  and  brush  the  rust 
on  the  rollers  that  have  nothing  to  roll  and  the  cranes 
that  have  nothing  to  lift.  The  molders  and  machin- 
ists, the  big  honest  fellows  who  have  skill  in  guiding 
intricate  contrivances  and  have  a  sure  knowledge  of 
all  the  possibilities  of  iron,  find  their  occupation  half 
gone,  and  they  join  the  sailors  in  the  lament  for  the 
good  old  times  of  long  ago,  when  the  trades  were 
young  and  the  people  few. 

It  is  an  undeniable  fact  that  the  ironworkers  are 
having  a  hard  row.  The  products  of  the  foundry 
and  machine  shops  are  only  in  demand  in  the  seasons 
when  the  factories  are  crowded  and  capital  is  fever- 
ish to  venture  into  new  fields,  with  new  inventions. 
This  demand  fires  the  blast,  puts  all  the  pattern 
makers  into  activity,  drives  the  machinery  men  into 
the  night,  and  the  trade  finds  itself  rich  and  prosper- 
ous. This  is  not  its  condition  this  winter.  The  sum- 
mer trouble  closed  many  foundries,  it  checked  in- 
vestment, it  canceled  many  contracts  already  upon 
the  blue  prints  in  the  drafting  room,  and  now  that 
winter  is  here  only  a  fraction  of  the  employes  is 
turning  the  lathe  or  heaving  at  the  giant  pots  before 
the  spouts  of  the  ovens.  Placards  are  nailed  to  the 
office  doors,  in  plain  black  letters,  that  no  molders 
are  wanted  under  any  consideration,  and  the  door- 
keepers demand  a  card  to  assure  that  the  caller  does 
not  seek  the  master  machinist  in  search  of  work. 

One  of  the  most  promising  features  in  the  pros- 
pect of  the  ironworker  is  the  increase  in  the  foreign 
work  in  this  town.  It  has  only  recently  been  devel- 
oped that  the  Chicago  foundries  can  teach  all  the 
world  a  few  tricks,  and  in  consequence  their  products 
are  being  shipped  around  the  globe.  Ocean  boats 
are  chartered  outright,  and  deep  ■  in  their  holds  are 
sunk  beams  to  hold  up  the  sides  of  the  mountains 
over  the  Russian  mines,  or  pumps  and  crushers  and 
diggers  for  the  diamond  fields  on  the  end  of  Africa. 
They  land  engines  and  presses  in  Australia,  and 
pumps  and  mills  for  ores  in  Brazil.  They  do  this 
readily,  giving  the  item  of  competition  far  less  con- 
sideration than  European  ingenuity,  which  quickly 
imitates  the  American  notion.  They  dread  more 
the  e}'es  of  the  curious  German,  who  wonders  at  the 
new  wrinkles  the  Yankees  are  setting  up  in  his  own 
country,  and  his  speed  in  reproduction,  than  they  do 
the  tariff  on  or  off. 

This  branching  out  was  one  result  of  the  World's 
Fair.  The  exposition  filled  the  city  last  winter  with 
men  who  were  piteously  unable  to  help  themselves, 
but  this  year  it  has  proved  the  salvation  of  the  men 
who  live  by  iron.  It  told  the  story  of  Chicago's  pos- 
sibilities to  all  countries,  and  all  the  foundrymcn  who 
made  exhibits  find  their  territory  has  been  enlarged 
from  city  and  county  to  State  and  nation,  and  then 
to  the  world.  But  for  this,  half  the  men  now  at 
work  in  this  trade  would  be  idle,  and  the  poverty 
twice  as  great.  There  are  eleven  hundred  men  in  a 
single  shop  across  the  river  who  are  heaving  and 
tugging  at  mammoth  castings  that  go  into  the  mines 
in  the  Zulu  country,  and  this  is  but  a  sample. 
Charles  E.  Billin  declares  such  contracts  have  been 
the  salvation  of  the  local  business,  godsends  to  the 
mechanics.  They  have  kept  one  thousand  men  in 
places  ample  for  two  thousand,  and  have  made 
places  for  one  man  in  the  four.  There  has  been  a 
dearth  of  city  work,  and  until  Mayor  Hopkins  took 
charge,  the  Eastern  firms  had  the  preference  in  the 
bidding.  It  thus  happened  that  with  the  army  of 
machinists  and  molders  empty-handed  at  home,  the 
engines,  pumps  and  bridges  and  structures  of  iron 
and  steel,  directly  and  indirectly  built  by  municipal 
authority,  have  drawn  their  material  from  other  cen- 
ters.— Chicago  Herald. 


To  Tax  Mining  Claims. 


Enlivened  by  Gold. 

Eighteen  months  ago,  says  the  Denver  Republican, 
it  was  thought  by  many  persons  that  Leadville  would 
be  ruined  by  the  decline  in  silver  mining  which  was 
then  seen  inevitable.  It  was  feared  the  famous 
camp  would  soon  become  almost  dead  and  that  prop- 
erty in  general  would  depreciate  in  consequence  of 
closing  the  mines.  To-day  Leadville  is  one  of  the  best 
mining  camps  in  the  United  States,  and  probably 
the  most  prosperous  town  in  Colorado.  Instead  of 
depression,  prosperity  characterizes  every  line  of 
business  except  it  be  some  form  of  silver  mining. 
The  people  are  full  of  hope,  and  confidence  is  ex- 
pressed in  every  countenance.  There  are  no  men  in 
Leadville  who  grumble  at  its  condition.  All  are 
confident  of  the  future  and  assert  with  pride  that 
they  have  the  best  town  in  the  West.  This  wonder- 
ful condition  of  affairs  is  due  to  the  working  of  gold 
mines  and  the  sinking  of  shafts  insearchof  more  ore. 


"A  prominent  mining  man"  tells  the  Denver 
News  he  has  discovered  a  remedy  for  the  financial 
stress  under  which  the  Legislature  is  laboring.  His 
idea  is  to  tax  mining  claimants  $2  per  year  upon 
each  claim  held  by  the  individual  or  company.  A 
man  holding  five  claims  would  be  assessed  $10  a  year 
and  the  individual  holding  twenty-five  claims  would 
be  obliged  to  pay  $50  a  year. 

"I  have  been  looking  up  the  matter,'' said  he, 
"  and  it  is  astonishing  what  a  great  source  of  rev- 
enue the  State  has  been  overlooking.  At  a  moderate 
estimate  there  are  500,000  mineral  locations  in  Colo- 
rado, which  escape  taxation.  Each  mineral  claim  is 
300x1500  feet  in  area  and  embraces  10J  acres.  The 
claimant,  in  fifty  cases  out  of  one  hundred,  does  not 
live  in  Colorado,  but  is  simply  holding  on  in  hopes 
that  somebody  else  will  spend  money  in  development 
in  the  region,  and  thus  make  the  property  valuable. 
It  is  possible  that  a  man  may  do  five  or  ten  days' 
work  on  a  claim  in  the  course  of  a  year,  and  an- 
nounce that  he  has  performed  the  requisite  develop- 
ment work.  In  many  cases  no  work  is  done  at  all, 
and  yet  the  claimant  will  stand  any  bona  fide  pros- 
pector off  with  a  shotgun  if  he  enters  upon  the 
property.  Why,  I  know  of  a  group  of  claims  that 
have  been  held  for  ten  years  as  a  speculation  and 
practically  no  development  at  all  has  been  made." 

Somebody  suggested  that  people  of  the  mining 
counties  would  indignantly  protest  against  any  tax 
on  prospects. 

"  Let  them  protest,"  was  the  reply. 
"  It  is  nothing  but  absolute  justice,  that  the  prop- 
erties should  be  worked  or  they  should  be  thrown 
open  to  new  comers.  The  farmer  with  his  little 
patch  in  the  valley  is  taxed  for  every  dollar  of  im- 
provement. The  bona  fide  miner  is  taxed  on  the  out- 
put of  his  mine  or  on  the  surface  improvements,  but 
the  fellow  with  a  shotgun  is  never  touched.  A  man 
should  be  obliged  to  carry  on  business  or  quit.  Many 
of  the  mining  counties  are  asking  for  appropriations 
to  build  road  or  bridges.  Let  them  assess  the  hold- 
ers of  mining  claims  and  they  will  have  money  to 
build  all  the  roads  they  want.  Why,  these  people 
actually  levy  tribute  oil  Denver  to  put  into  roads 
and  bridges." 

A  listener,  who  evidently  sympathized  with  the 
speaker,  called  attention  to  a  reform  which  he  de- 
sired to  see  carried  out.  "There  is  a  tract  of  laud 
in  Costilla  county,"  said  he,  "  known  as  the  Trinchera 
estate.  It  is  owned  by  Dr.  Bell,  of  Manitou,  General 
Palmer,  of  New  York,  the  heirs  of  the  late  Governor 
Gilpin  and  others.  The  tract  has  many  valuable 
gold  placers;  it  has  iron  mines,  timber  and  stone.  In 
1881,  10,000  tons  of  magnetic  iron  were  shipped 
from  the  estate  to  Pueblo,  upon  which  the  owners  of 
the  grant  got  a  royalty  of  fifty  cents  a  ton.  Gentle- 
men, if  you  want  to  be  treated  to  a  surprise  look  up 
the  reports  of  Costilla  county  and  see  how  much  this 
land  grant  contributes  in  taxes  to  the  county." 

An  old  timer  from  the  Black  Hills  region  told  how 
the  camp  was  made  prosperous  years  ago.  "  At  the 
very  start,"  said  he,  "  the  miners  held  a  meeting  and 
discussed  at  length  the  amount  of  land  that  any  man 
or  company  should  be  allowed  to  locate.  The  plan 
that  was  adopted  proved  to  be  the  wisest  action  ever 
inaugurated  in  the  district.  It  was  the  vote  of  the 
assembly  that  a  man  jadio  discovered  a  lode  could 
have  the  right  to  file  two  claims — one  upon  the  lode 
and  one  as  a  reward  for  the  discovery.  All  future 
comers  were  limited  to  one.  claim.  There  was  no  law 
for  the  action,  but  no  man  dared  to  run  counter  to 
the  will  of  the  community  and  gobble  up  an  entire 
mountain." 

The  Black  Hills  man  said  further  that  in  those 
days  there  were  no  disputes  over  apexes  and  side 
lines.  A  miner's  claim  extended  straight  down 
toward  the  center  of  the  earth. 


Wagon  Bows. 


The  manufacture  of  wagon  bows,  such  as  are  used 
for  stretching  canvas  over  wagons,  is  quite  a  little 
industry  of  itself.  St.  Louis  can  boast  of  turning- 
out  more  of  this  product  than  any  other  place  in  the 
country.  Lloyd  G.  Harris,  president  of  the  Lum- 
bermen's Exchange,  said  recently  that  the  fall  had 
been  a  particularly  good  season  for  trade  in  wagon 
bows.  The  failure  of  crops  in  several  Western 
States  last  summer  on  account  of  the  drouth  caused 
a  boom  in  this  trade.  In  fact,  the  emigration  move- 
ment can  be  measured  by  the  orders  for  wagon  bows. 
Mr.  Harris  sold  about  $50,000  worth  of  bows  this 
season,  which  is  enough  to  equip  10,000  wagons. 
Speaking  of  the  emigrating  movement,  caused  by 
the  drouth,  Mr.  Harris  said  that  Arkansas  and  Texas 
have  received  many  new  settlers  by  it.  The  people 
of  Texas  have  begun  to  realize  that  the  best  emi- 
grants do  not  come  from  foreign  countries,  but  from 
among  dissatisfied  citizens  in  the  North  and  West. 
They  have,  consequently,  turned  their  attention 
more  to  that  class. — St.  Louis  Globe-Democrat. 


Telegraph  lines  throughout  the  world  aggregate 
1,069,123  miles;  of  these  America  has  more  than  half, 
548,822  miles;  Europe,  382,937;  Asia,  B7,875;  Austra- 
lasia, 47,S12;  and  Africa,  21,687  miles. 


February   2:i    1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


117 


Specters  of  the  Forest. 


I'ii mi  the  earliest  written  words  the  forest  lias  fur- 
nished a  symbolry  for  the  various  stages  of  human 
existence  and  tor  the  various  attributes  thereof.    The 
pliancy  of  youth,  the  exuberant  strength  of 
perfect  maturity,  the  decay  of  age — all  these 
anil  their  innumerable  accompaniments  have 
suggested   parallels    between  man  ami   the 
tree.    The  greatest  poets  ami  the  barbarous 
denizens  of  the  un tracked  forest  have  risen 
together  to  the  same  height  of  imagery  ami 
thr  same  tokens  of  emotion  ami  sentiment 
Evidently  the  tree  appeals  directly  to  the 

miml    of    man    ami    conveys    a    lesson    which 

needs  no  interpretation  by  culture  or  erudi 

lion. 

Tie-  marks  of  age  ami  approaching  dissolu 

tion  iii  the  tree  ami  in  tin-  man  have  perhaps 

been  most  widely  noted.        I  am  like  an  old 

Br  tree— dead  at  the  top,"  said  a  decrepit 

il  the  ( tneidas  as  he  conversed  with  the 

pale  face  and  showed  his  silvery  looks.  Male 
old  age  has  been    brought    to    look    upon    the 

old  monarch  of  the   forest    in   these  word.-: 

"  His  own  bald  head    ami    grizzled  locks — his 

own  top  with  its  decaying  foliage — will  make 
him  feel  a  secret  sympathy  for  some  grizzled 
giant  of  the  forest,  old  and  decaying,  but 
.still  strong  and  self-reliant.'' 

Our  engravings  on  this  page  suggest  such 
thoughts  as  these.     We   have  shown  many 

11  their  prime  and    in    their  youth,  but 
lew  in  their  old  age  and  in   the  spectral  form 
which    some    trees    assume  after  the  sap  has 
.  eased  to  Bow  and  foliage  no  longer  shields 
their  stems  from  the  bleaching  sun.    A  dying 
sequoia  giginil"!  \s  one  of   the   themes  of  our 
engraver  this  week.    It  has  reached  its  mas- 
sive  growth  and  its  stature  can  be  estimated 
by  the   pigmy-like  men   at  its  base.     Death 
and   decay   have    stricken   it  sorely.      Storms 
have  wrested  from  their   places    many   of  its 
spreading   arms,    and    yet    from     the    dying 
-tumps   there  come    a    few    foliage-bearing 
boughs  to  betoken  its  possession  of  life,  even 
though   Strength  and    vigor   have   departed. 
It-   majesty,  even   in    death,   over   the  full- 
grown    and  vigorous    pines  which  surround  it 
is  hut  a  symbol  that  some  men.  even  in  their 
death,    are    greater    than    I  lie   most   vigorous 
humanity   which  bustles  about    during  their 
declining  years.     Such  have  been  some  of  the 
world's  heroes     those  in  whom  noble  purpose 
bas  led  to  lofty  thoughts  and  peerless  deeds. 
But     I  here  is  a  step  beyond    the  symbolry 
of  real  life  in  the    forest.      The  mystic  and  ap- 
palling are  there  as  well,  and  how  amid  active 
life  the  specter  stands  both  among  men  and 
among  trees.     Could  there  lie  a  more  forcible 
reminder  of  this  fact  than  the  ghostly  form  of 
a  cypress  of  other  days,  which  the  engraving 
shows  beside  a  roadway  on  Cypress  point,  in 
Monterey  county  ?    Very  impress- 
ive  are    these  bleached  skeletons 
of  the  cypress.     Oinarled  and  bent 
are  they  in  old  age,  after  a  cen- 
tury perhaps  of  endurance  of  the 
ocean  blasts  upon  a  bleak  promon- 
tory, but  the  strength  gained  by 
such  knitting  of  fibers  during  dec- 
ades of  resistance  will  not  permit 
them  to  seek  rest  prone  along  up- 
on the  welcoming  breast  of  mother 
earth.       Still    must    they    stand, 
bleached  by  sun    and   beaten    by 
rain  and  buffeted  by  winds,  lead- 
ing a  spectral  existence  when  the 
remains  of  other  trees  have  silently 
sunken  to  rest   and    are    indistin- 
guishable in    substance    from    the 
soil  from  which  they  sprang. 


platinum  is  worth  about  thirty-three  shillings  per 
ounce.  Once,  owing  to  the  speculations  of  certain 
brokers,  it  reached  a  top  figure  of  about  sixty  shil- 
lings per  ounce,  but   soon    fell    back    to   the   normal. 


Senator  Jones'   Luck. 


Major  M.  P.  Handy,  in  the  New    York    Mail  and 


Express,  gives  a  conversation  with  a  Texas  Congress 
and  ha      D  recent  years    been   as   low   as   twenty  Inc     man,  who  makes  the  following   reference    to   John  P. 

Jon  -      "  Senator  Jones,"  said   the  men 

from  Texas,  while  lie  is  a  man  of  great  native 

ability  ami  has  a  mind  enriched  by  reading, 
travel  and  experience,  had  his  wealth  come 
to  him  at  lirst  by  a  verj  slender  chance.  He 
was,  by  the  way.  although  most  people  have 
forgotten  it,  the  Brst  of  the  multi-millionaires 
who  came  out  of  the  Pacific  coast   mines   to 

dazzle  the  Mast  with  their  wealth.  The  first 
time  he  came  to  New  Yuri,  after  making  his 
great  strike  in  the  Crown  Point  mine,  I  came 
with  him.  We  went  to  the  Grand  Opera 
House,  on  Twenty-third  street,  to  see  Charles 
Fletcher  play  ' Monte Cristo.'  It  was  a  great 
performance  and  impressed  Senator  Jones 
very    much.      When     I    commented   upon    the 

audacious  improbability  of  tin-  ifory  of  Ed- 
mund Dant.es,  he  challenged  the  comment  h\ 
the  only  reference  to  his  own  wealth  which  I 
ever  heard  him  make. 

'  '  Why,  -aid  he.  '  the  story  can  be  almost 
matched  in  my  own  career.  Three  years  ago 
1  was  a  miner  with  pick  in  hand  and  a  Davy 
lamp  on  my  hat,  spending  eighteen  hours 
out  of  twenty-four  in  the  bowels  of  I  he  earth. 
Now  I  am  a  United  States  Senator  and  the 
owner  of  $10,000,000.  Neither  Dumas  or  the 
author  of  the  Arabian  Nights  Entertain 
ments  could  invent  a  story  more  wildly  im- 
probable to  the  commonplace  imagination.' 

"  I  asked  the  Senator  then,"  continued  the 
member  from  Texas,  "  the  very  question 
that  we  are  considering — how  much  luck 
had   to  do  with  his  amassing  such  a  fortune  '. 

"  '  I  won't  say  everything.'  was  the  reply, 
'  but  you  may  judge  for  yourself  how  much 
when  I  tell  you.  that  if  I  had  not  taken  a  cer- 
tain side  of  the  street  one  day  I  probably 
would  have  been  back  at  this  moment  on  an 
Ohio  farm  tilling  the  soil  with  my  own  hands. 
It  happened  in  this  way:  I  had  made  some 
money  during  flush  times  in  California,  but 
struck  a  bad  streak  of  luck  and  lost  it  all, 
Worse  than  that,  1  owed  about  $4000,  with- 
out any  prospect  whatever  of  being  able  to 
pay.  Being  discouraged,  I  determined  to  go 
back  to  the  States  and  try  to  make  a  quiet 
living  in  my  old  home.  With  that  view  1 
bought  a  ticket  to  New  York  by  the  Pacific 
Mail  line  and  had  actually  gone  aboard  the 
vessel  when  1  remembered  that  1  had  left 
some  of  my  luggage  at  the  hotel.  I  hurried 
back  after  it,  and  in  doing  so,  by  mere 
chance,  perhaps  because  it  was  sunny  on 
the  other,  took  a  side  street  upon  which  1  had 
never  walked  before  in  my  life.  In  my  hurry 
1  ran  against  an  old  friend,  Alvinza  Hayward 


AN    AGED    SEQUOIA    IN    A    PINE    FOREST' 


by  name! 


According  to  the  engineers   of 
the     Hydrographic     Bureau,     the 
level  of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  is  one 
foot  higher  than  it   was  in  1850, 
and,   of  course,    the  encroachment 
on  the  surrounding  coasts  has  been 
greater  or  less,  depending  on  their 
character.     In  some  places,  where 
the  marginal  lands  are  composed        ,1 
of  high,  rocky  bluffs,   this  change 
of  level  has  gone  on  from  year  to 
year  without  attracting  attention. 
On  the  other  hand,  many  low-lying  points  (some,  that 
were  once  inhabited  by  the   pioneer   white  settlers) 
are  entirely  submerged. 


He  asked  me  where  1  was  going 
I  told  him,  and  he  begged  me  to 
reconsider.  I  was  the  very  man 
he  wanted  to  see.  He  wanted  me 
to  go  and  take  the  superintend- 
ence of  a  mine  that  he  thought 
might  have  a  good  stake  in  it.  He 
offered  me  a  fair  salary,  which 
I  accepted.  I  ran  and  got  my 
things  off  the  boat,  and  in  a  week 
was  at  work  again  in  the  mines. 
Before  the  year  was  out  I  was  a 
millionaire.  All  the  results  of  my 
forgetfulness  in  leaving  a  piece  of 
baggage,  and  because  I  went  up 
one  side  of  the  street  instead  of 
the  other.'  " 


THE    GHOST    OF    THE    FOREST    ON    CYPRESS    POINT. 


In  a  recent  issue  we  commented  upon  the  high 
price  asked  for  platinum.  An  American  technical 
journal  takes  us  to  task  on  this  point,  and  although 
we  do  not  see  any  reason  to  alter  the  opinion  ex- 
pressed; we  are  quite  ready  to  listen  to  the  other 
side  of  the  question.  It  is  stated  that  popular  opin- 
ion concerning  the  great  value  of  platinum  is  largely 
at  fault.  One  frequently  hears  the  statement  that 
platinum  is  more  valuable  than  gold.  Nothing,  we 
are  informed,  could  be  further  from  the  truth,    Pure 


shillings.  Pure  gold  all  over  the  world  has  never 
been  less  than  an  average  of  four  pounds  per  ounce. 
About  three  tons  of  platinum  are  annually  consumed 
in  America  in  the  manufacture  of  incandescent  lamps 
and  for  electrical  purposes,  while  another  ton  is  used 
for  the  more  prosaic  but  no  less  useful  purpose  of  be- 
ing made  into  parts  of  artificial  teeth. — Industries 
and  Iron,  London,  Eng. 

The  latest  dictionary  contains  349,333  words.  The 
old  unabridged  had  only  135,000,  Times  are  getting 
harder  every  year  for  the  man  who  does  not  know 
how  to  spell',  but  life  is  getting  easier  all  the  time  for 
the  people  who  want  to  conceal  their  thoughts, 


saving  of   eighty 


The  gold-beating  industry  is 
threatened  with  extinction  by  the 
Swan  process  of  preparing  gold 
leaf.  This  consists  of  depositing 
a  thin  coating  of  gold  upon  a  cop- 
per base,  and  then  dissolving  the 
base  by  submission  to  perchloride 
of  iron.  It  is  stated  that  the  leaf 
may  by  this  means  be  made  of  the 

thickness  of  j,,,,,' of    an    inch. 

The  copper  being  ultimately  re- 
coverable, the  process  is  reported 
to  be  in  every  way  econom- 
ical, the  reduction  in  weight 
in  the  leaf  effecting  a  further 
per  cent   of  the   precious  metal. 


A  London  journal  says  that  since  the  introduc- 
tion of  the  electric  light  public  performers  are  able 
to  preserve  their  voices  in  better  condition,  and  are 
fifty  per  cent  more  often  in  good  voice.  They  are 
cooler,  do  not  perspire,  and  are  not  husky  while 
singing  or  acting.  The  atmosphere  is  better,  and 
the  equal  temperature  of  the  whole  building  has 
greatly  diminished  the  risk  of  taking  cold.  Their 
throats  are  not  parched  and  their  voices  not 
injured  so  much  as  in  hous-ps  where  gaslight  is 
used, 


118 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  23,  1895. 


The  Executive  and  the  riining  Bureau. 


To  the  Editor  : — Your  able  defense  of  the  Mining 
Bureau,  in  the  attack  upon  it  recently  made  in  the 
Legislature,  enlists  the  sympathy  and  will  receive 
the  cordial  support  of  the  whole  mining  community  of 
California.  Periodical  as  these  attacks  have  been,  and 
due  to  sectional  prejudices  and  the  ignorance  of  the 
best  interests  of  the  State,  the  present  attack  ap- 
pears in  a  different  light  and  from  a  source  least  ex- 
pected by  the  miners  of  California.  Senator  Lang- 
ford's  bill  is  but  a  natural  sequence  of  the  utter- 
ances contained  in  Governor  Budd's  inaugural 
address,  in  which  his  sweeping  scheme  of  retrench- 
ment and  reform  was  promulgated,  and  its  methods 
now  become  apparent  in  the  effort  to  destroy  the 
usefulness  of  the  only  State  institution  in  California 
conducted  in  the  interest  of  and  for  the  benefit  of 
our  mining  industry. 

I  sincerely  hope  that  but  few  of  our  representa- 
tives will  find,  as  Governor  Budd  fondly  imagines,  a 
panacea  for  present  extravagance  and  mismanage- 
ment in  his  hobby  to  incorporate  with  the  State 
University  the  most  of  our  'State  commissions,  so- 
cieties and  bureaus;  but  whatever  policy  may  be 
found  to  defend  such  action,  it  cannot  be  said  to  exist 
in  the  case  of  the  Mining  Bureau. 

Every  citizen  of  California,  familiar,  like  the  writer, 
with  this  institution,  from  the  time  when  Henry  G. 
Hanks  and  his  solitary  assistant  struggled  to  obtain 
its  recognition  until  the  present  day,  can  trace  its 
growth  and  development  and  bear  testimony  to  its 
usefulness  and  freedom  from  the  control  of  cliques 
and  of  the  political  machine.  To-day  we  find  its  well- 
arranged  but  somewhat  confined  museum  presenting 
to  citizens  and  strangers  alike  an  epitome  of  the 
mineral  wealth  of  our  State;  its  small  but  useful  li- 
brary offers  information  to  our  miners;  its  labora- 
tory gives  its  services  to  investigate  our  minerals; 
and  its  chief  and  his  staff  respond  courteously  to  any 
reasonable  demand  of  the  public.  A  criticism  of  its 
activity  can  only  find  fault  with  a  short  period  during 
Mr.  Irelan's  administration,  when  the  redundancy  of 
its  reports  in  extraneous  matter  was  justly  objected 
to.  With  the  means  at  its  command,  the  last 
(twelfth)  report  may  be  said  to  be  a  model  of  its 
kind,  and  contains  many  valuable  papers,  such  as 
"  Electric  Transmissions  in  Mining  Operations  "  and 
"  Auriferous  Conglomerates  of  California,"  while  its 
bulletins  lately  issued  on  "Mine  Timbering,"  "Gas 
and  Petroleum  Formations"  and  "The  Cyanide 
Process  "  furnish  practical  information  of  the  great- 
est value  to  the  whole  State.  The  reports  of  the 
Bureau  are  highly  valued  by  mining  men  all  the 
world  over,  and  have  been  absorbed  with  avidity,  so 
that  the  older  issues  can  scarcely  be  had  at  any 
price — a  striking  contrast  to  other  reports  issued  by 
our  State  institutions. 

During  the  present  period  of  financial  and  indus- 
trial depression,  when  our  mining  industry  is  about 
the  only  one  enjoying  any  prosperity  and  giving  a 
fair  promise  of  further  and  healthful  expansion,  due 
largely  to  the  activity  of  the  Bureau,  it  becomes  not 
only  injudicious  but  highly  reprehensible  to  discard 
the  services  or  decry  the  usefulness  of  a  faithful  and 
efficient  State,  institution,  on  the  score  of  a  false 
economy  which  lavishes  millions  while  it  denies 
thousands.  In  so  doing  it  is  proposed  to  enter  upon 
an  experiment  tried  time  and  again  in  all  civilized 
countries  and  always  found  wanting. 

As  Mr.  Langford's  bill  proposes  to  merge  the 
Mining  Bureau  into  the  State  University,  it  will  not 
be  out  of  place  to  review  the  history  of  that  institu- 
tion and  its  influence  upon  the  mining  iudustry  of 
California,  and  in  so  doing  the  writer  disclaims  any 
hostility  to  the  University  and  its  faculty,  whose 
scientific  abilities  and  standing  are  well  known  and 
acknowledged  by  our  citizens  of  all  classes. 

Founded  in  1869,  and  liberally  endowed  by  the 
State  and  the  general  Government,  and  constantly 
enlarged  and  extended  by  liberal  and  seldom  grudged 
appropriations,  it  possesses  all  the  elements  of  large 
and  extended  usefulness  within  its  particular  domain. 
At  this  session  it  is  an  applicant  for  appropriations 
aggregating  $750,000,  and  so  far  our  Executive  has 
not  raised  his  voice  against  this  expenditure.  Its 
collections  in  natural  history  are  large  and  con- 
stantly increasing,  and  comprise  all  the  material 
collected  by  the  State  Geological  Survey  under  Pro- 
fessor Whitney;  its  laboratories  and  workshops  are 
large  and  generally  well  supplied  with  tools  and  in- 
struments; it  has  its  own  press,  its  experimental 
grounds,  and  its  own  football  club.  Contrasted  with 
all  this  wealth  of  material,  the  resources  of  our  Min- 
ing Bureau  appear  ridiculously  small  and  insignifi- 
cant, even  to  its  oldest  friends. 

Among  its  many  and  varied  departments,  the 
University  maintains  a  College  of  Mining,   in  which 


Prof.  Samuel  B.  Christy  is  an  eminent  and  able  in- 
structor. This  college  has  been  in  active  operation 
for  at  least  fifteen  years,  and  its  equipment  will  soon 
be  complete,  a  full  complement  of  milling  machinery 
only  being  lacking. 

The  University  issues  from  time  to  time  bulletins 
of  the  special  work  done  by  its  faculty  and  its 
students,  but  no  effort  is  made  for  their  distribution, 
with  the  result  that  they  are  but  little  known  to  the 
press  or  the  people  of  this  State,  no  matter  what 
their  scope  or  importance  may  be.  Every  year  the 
graduates  of  the  University  go  forth  into  active  life, 
well  prepared  for  their  duties,  and  to  illustrate  in 
their  lives  the  teachings,  the  precepts,  the  methods 
and  the  spirit  of  progress  that  animates  their  "alma 
mater"  in  the  quiet  shades  of  Berkeley. 

With  all  this  wealth  of  expenditure,  of  preparation 
and  of  labor,  what  has  been  its  influence  intellectually, 
morally,  and  industrially,  on  the  progress  of  this 
State  during  the  twenty-five  years  of  the  life  of  the 
University  ? — and  I  pause  here  to  ask  the  members 
of  our  Legislature  and  our  Executive  that  simple 
question. 

In  all  that  relates  to  Letters,  Agriculture,  Law, 
Medicine,  and  perhaps  even  to  Chemistry,  Mechanics 
and  Engineering,  I  leave  the  answer  to  abler  voices 
than  my  own.  But  in  the  department  of  Mining,  a 
life  work  spent  in  the  industry,  may  perhaps  entitle 
the  writer  to  form  a  fair  judgment. 

Underlying  nearly  all  the  practical  operations  of 
mining  and  milling  as  practiced  in  California,  and 
governing  or  influencing  their  results,  exist  various 
physical  forces  but  little  known  and  quite  obscure 
even  to  the  average  man  of  intelligence  and  educa- 
tion. Practical  experiment  will  occasionally  indi- 
cate the  laws  governing  such  forces  and  lead  to 
economic  success,  but  more  frequently  they  remain 
unsolved  enigmas,  and  the  work  done  under  such 
conditions  is  but  a  groping  in  the  dark  for  approx- 
imate results. 

The  recognized  improvements  in  the  treatment  of 
ores  in  California  generally  resolve  themselves  into 
perfected  mechanical  appliances.  As  instances  of 
but  imperfectly  understood  metallurgical  operations 
may  be  quoted  :  The  amalgamation  of  gold  and 
silver,  the  laws  of  which  are  as  little  known  to-day 
as  they  were  a  hundred  years  ago;  the  laws  gov- 
erning wet  and  dry  ore  concentration;  the  chemistry 
of  the  application  of  chemical  solvents  to  ores  and 
ore  products,  especially  in  the  cyanide  process;  and 
last,  but  not  least,  the  physical  condition  of  our  gold- 
bearing  gravels.  Confronted  with  such  obscure 
questions  in  his  daily  work  and  not  finding  any  infor- 
mation in  standard  works  of  science  or  aid  from  the 
teachings  of  our  universities,  the  investigator 
pursues  his  way  slowly  and  laboriously,  chiefly  for 
want  of  means,  of  instruments  and  apparatus,  and 
perhaps  spends  half  a  lifetime  to  attain  his  object,  if 
he  succeeds  at  all.  It  is  by  emperieal  methods  alone 
that  nearly  all  our  mining  and  metallurgical  opera- 
tions have  attained  their  present  status,  among 
which  the  economic  application  of  the  chlorination  of 
gold  ores  may  be  mentioned  and  in  which  the  names 
of  Deetken  and  Theiss  will  always  be  remembered. 
It  is  true  that  honoris  due  to  the  work  done  by  Prof. 
Christy  in  his  researches  on  the  volatility  of  gold  in 
chlorination,  but  the  very  methods  of  the  University 
prevented  for  years  this  knowledge  from  bearing 
fruit,  as  it  was  not  given  to  the  public  press  directly, 
but  just  became  known  in  the  transactions  of  the 
American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers — a  record 
which,  containing  as  it  does  the  most  valuable  and 
important  observations  on  subjects  of  mining  engi- 
neering, cannot  be  said  to  be  available  for  the  gen- 
eral public. 

An  intimate  knowledge  of  the  condition  and  dis- 
tribution of  gold  in  our  gravels,  to  be  gained  only  by 
microscopical  investigation,  would,  years  ago,  have 
modified  the  methods  of  hydraulic  mining  to  such 
extent  as  to  have  prevented  the  injury  to  our  valley 
lands;  it  would  have  saved  more  than  one-half  of  the 
waste  in  gold  now  incidental  to  the  method,  and 
would  have  healed  the  distrust  and  the  dissensions 
now  so  unfortunately  preventing  our  farmers  and 
miners  from  joining  in  mutual  efforts  for  the  common 
weal. 

Our  vast  fields  of  placer  mines  yet  remaining  in- 
tact and  generally  overlooked  by  the  professional 
geologist  in  his  investigations  in  systematic  geology, 
will  yet  tell  a  wondrous  story  of  later  geological  eras 
when  the  evidences  of  our  auriferous  conglomerates, 
lately  studied  by  Mr.  It.  L.  Dunn  for  the  Mining 
Bureau,  have  been  interpreted  and  his  deductions, 
as  supported  by  the  writer's  experience,  have  been 
confirmed,  in  which  case  these  formations  would  be 
analogous  with  the  South  African  reefs  in'the  Trans- 
vaal. 

The  writer  will  not  attempt  to  define  the  scope  of 
a  State  University  or  the  duties  of  its  faculty;  its 
regents,  if  they  represent  the  needs  and  aspirations 
of  Californians,  should  determine  these;  but  if  such 
an  institution,  absorbing  much  of  the  wealth  of  the 
State,  and  ambitious  of  still  greater  power,  should 
be  more  than  a  great  high  school,  and  should  give 
part  of  its  work  to  original  scientific  research  and  to 
the  solution  of  important  economic  problems,  the 
foregoing  instances  will  serve  to  show  but  a  few  of 
the  lines  on  which  such  research  could  be  prosecuted 
for  the  advancement   of  mining  and   metallurgy  in 


California.  What,  then,  has  the  State  University 
done  in  these  or  kindred  fields  pertaining  to  its  Col- 
lege of  Mining  ? 

To  the  reports  of  the  United  States  Government;  to  the 
Geological  Surveys,  State  and  governmental;  to  tin- 
transactions  of  technical,  engineering  and  scientific  so- 
cieties on  this  coast  and  elsewhere;  to  the  Mining  Bureau: 
to  tireless,  independent  investigators;  and  to  the  untiring 
energy,  industry  and  perseverance  of  our  mining  men,  do 
we  owe  what  progress  we  have  made  in  the  mining  in- 
dustry, hut  not  in  any  perceptible  degree  to  the  labors  or 
the  progressive  spirit  of  our  State  University  ! 

This  lack  of  interest  in  the  application  of  scientific 
research  to  practical  industrial  problems  can  hardly 
be  blamed  on  the  faculty  of  the  University;  it  is  more 
to  be  ascribed  to  the  system,  or  to  the  general  tend- 
encies that  apparently  control  nearly  all  the  larger 
and  wealthier  American  universities  and  colleges, 
which,  once  secure  in  wealth,  influence  and  respect- 
ability, fall  into  the  common  rut  of  indolence  and 
exclusiveness,  and  generally  repudiate  or  fail  to  recog- 
nize merit  in  any  original  work  done  by  investiga- 
tors outside  of    their   own  collegiate  limits. 

But  apart  from  this  the  University  has  its  mission, 
distinct  and  divergent  from  that  of  a  Mining  Bureau, 
which,  like  our  own,  as  defined  under  the  Act  of 
1893,  has  its  special  province  which  the  State  Uni- 
versity can  never  fill,;  The  experience  of  older 
communities  and  nations  in  this  respect  is  too  well 
known  to  be  disregarded,  and  is  recommended  to  our 
Executive  for  his  serious  consideration.  All  the  pro- 
gressive nations  of  Europe,  while  possessing  or 
claiming  the  oldest,  wealthiest  and  best  equipped 
collegiate  institutions  of  the  world,  have  long  ago 
severed  the  connection  between  their  universities 
and  their  mining  schools,  their  technological  insti- 
tutes, their  agricultural  schools,  and  their  museums 
aud  bureaus  of  applied  science.  Such  is  the  case  in 
England,  France,  Germany  (famed  for  its  universi- 
ties as  well  as  its  mining  schools),  Belgium.  Russia, 
Sweden  and  Norway.  Such  is  also  generally  the 
practice  in  the  eastern  and  middle  States,  where  the 
most  useful  agricultural  and  technical  schools  have 
with  manifest  advantage  been  divorced  from  their 
colleges,  and  where  more  will  follow,  to  meet  the 
common  sense  demands  of  the  American  people. 

It  has  been  left  to  the  Governor  of  California  to 
propose  a  retrograde  movement  and  to  attempt  to 
sacrifice  usefulness  to  prestige  and  privilege  under 
the  alluring  watchword  of  retrenchment  and  reform, 
and  in  oblivion  of  the  fundamental  principles  of  true 
democracy;  but  the  writer  believes  that  the  unbiased 
common  sense  and  justice  of  our  legislators  will  pre- 
vent this  injury  to  our  mining  interest,  and  instead 
of  crippling  the  Mining  Bureau  or  of  allowing  its  ab 
sorption  by  our  ambitious  and  powerfully  supported 
University,  they  will  provide  more  liberally  than 
usual  for  our  one  popular  institution,  to  the  end  that 
its  usefulness  may  be  extended  and  that  the  Mining 
Bureau  may  long  remain  as  an  aid  and  encourage- 
ment to  that  intrepid,  patient  and  well-deserving 
part  of  our  citizens — the  California  miners. 

In  conclusion,  Mr.  Editor,  I  would  suggest  that 
the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  should  publish  in 
an  early  issue,  for  public  information,  a  compre- 
hensive table  of  the  endowments,  incomes  and  appro- 
priations in  aid  of  the  State  Universitj',  from  all 
sources,  from  its  first  foundation,  and  also  its  yearly 
expenditures,  together  with  a  full  list  of  its  ex-officio 
and  appointed  regents,  who  so  far  have  withheld 
such  information.  In  conjunction  with  this,  the 
munificent  appropriations  for  the  Mining  Bureau 
may  be  given  as  a  parallel,  so  that  the  expenses  in- 
curred by  the  State  for  the  so-called  higher  educa- 
tion may  be  contrasted  by  our  economists  with  the 
sum  allowed  for  the  technical  instruction  of  the  com- 
mon people.  J.  A.  Edman. 

Meadow  Valley,  Cal.,  Feb.  14,  1895. 


Reports  of   Two  Experts. 


Regarding  the  recent  sale  of  the  Poorman  and 
Tiger  mines,  P.  C.  Bunn,  sent  from  London  to  ex- 
amine the  mines,  says: 

The  Poorman  and  Tiger  claims  are  both  located  upon  the 
same  fissure.  The  profits  from  the  Poorman  during  the  last 
five  years  have  been  §790,682.  The  Tiger  mine,  having  been 
run  by  a  private  individual,  it  is  impossible  to  get  the  gross 
production  accurately,  but  for  the  present  year,  during  which 
it  has  been  worked  103  days,  the  net  profit  was  §60,933.  The 
railroad  strikes  and  a  serious  washout  of  the  railroad  track 
prevented  work  being  carried  on  for  a  longer  period  this  year. 
The  amalgamation  of  the  properties  would  effect  a  great  sav- 
ing in  the  management  and  operating  expenses.  There  is  no 
doubt  but  that  the  mines  can  be  worked  to  such  depth  as  ma- 
chinery can  properly  handle  the  product,  aud  more  than  the 
present  rate  of  production  can  be  maintained  for  a  great  many 
years  to  come. 

J.  L.  M.  Fraser,  the  other  expert   from   Loudon, 

says: 

The  reserves  of  the  Poorman  mine  above  the  uinth  level  are 
135,700  tons;  the  stopes  in  these  reserves  produce  1590  tons  of 
shipping  ore  per  month.  In  the  Tiger  mine  the  eighth  level 
is  being  driven  in  the  rich  shoot  of  ore  which,  for  the  first  115 
feet,  was  ten  feet  wide — the  present  end  is  30  feet— of  ore; 
the  stopes  in  these  reserves  produce  12S2  tons  of  shipping  ore 
per  month.  I  value  the  plant  and  machinery  at  $516,000 
(£104,000).  Bv  the  amalgamation  of  the  two  mines  I  estimate 
a  saving  will  be  effected  of  850,000  per  annum,  and  a  further 
saving  by  using  the  combined  water  powers.  The  output  of 
the  two  mines  should  be  35,000  tons  of  shipping  ore  per  year, 
which,  at  the  present  low  prices,  would  produce  a  profit  of 
$399,350  per  year. 


February  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


119 


Colorado  Mining  .Stocks. 


As  Told   by  Judge  Goodwin. 


Colorado  Spbinos,  Colo.,  Feb.  9,  1896. 
Dissatisfaction  and  stagnation  apparent!}    n 

supre so  iar  as  mining    Btocks  are  concerned.  I 

A  rgentum-Juniata  and  Mollie  Gibson  appear  to  be 
i-ntirely  responsible.  Rumored  litigation  emanating 
iniiii  the  old  Josephine  company  against  the  latter  is 

having  a  depressing  effect   a -  rtain  class 

The  authenticity  of  this  it  is  impossible  to  trace. 
There  are  also  rumors  in  circulation  thai  the  former 
company  is  liable  to  have  trouble,  to  the  effect  thai 
other  parties  have  secured  a  patent  upon  a  portion 
rritory  supposed  to  in-  operated  bj  tin'  coni- 
cal.'.        Until  of  these  arc  absolutely  rumors  and  can 

en  for  what  they  arc  worth,   as   it    i>  exc i 

ingly  difficult  to  trace  them  to  a  reliable  source. 
I  believe  there  will  be  an  early   reaction  in   silver 
-  very  short iv.  although  Mollie  Gibson  may  be 

selling  at  nearly  its  market  value.  I  truly  believe 
A rgentum-Juniata  is  a  good  purchase,  as  it  is  prac- 
tically an  unexplored  virgin  mine.  But  regardless 
of  this,  silver  stocks  are  not  in  high  favor,  not  ex- 
cepting I  lie  ( reedes  which  heretofore  have  been  very 
Strong,  but  they  arc  now  generally  weakening,  as 
the  offered  price  of  United  Mines  will  attest.  Hap- 
pily, such  slocks  as  Anaconda.  Portland  and  Union 
are  having  a  stimulating  effect  upon  the  market, 
which,  in  a  way.  has  a  tendency  to  overcome  the  in- 
jurious effect  occasioned  by  silvers. 

In  order  to  insure  permanency  to  mining  stock 
speculation  and  retain  public  confidence,  the  man- 
umit of  companies  must  be  more  economical. 
honest  and  intelligent,  and  until  such  a  state  of 
affairs  is  effected,  the  business  will  be,  as  it  now  is. 
invariably  looked  upon  with  more  or  less  distrust, 
.mil  the  experience  of  the  ordinary  outside  investor 
can  only  be  of  a  disastrous  nature.  In  many  organ- 
ization.-, like  Portland.  Victor,  Moose,  Nugget  and 
others,  principally  close  corporations,  there  is  evi- 
dence of  reform,  but  unfortunately  the  outsider  is 
either  not  attracted  toward  them,  or  given  an 
opportunity  to  share  in  these  mining  plums.  The 
avariciousness  for  quick"  returns,  disinclination  of 
brokers  to  recommend  anything  but  listed  stocks,  is 
principally  responsible  for  this. 

The  chief  disadvantage  of  unlisted  stocks  is  the 
difficulty  of  immediately  realizing  at  a  moment's 
notice  without  materially  sacrificing  them,  but  this 
•  generally  counteracted  by  the  regular  reception 
of  dividends.  If  investors  would  give  more  attention 
to  permanent  investments  and  less  consideration  to 
what  cannot  be  considered  anything  but  petty  gam- 
bling, they  would  soon  look  upon  mining  with  more 
favor,  and  if  brokers  would  carefully  consider  the 
possible  result  in  legitimate  mining  and  not  give  so 
much  attention  to  stock  manipulation,  it  would  be 
better  for  all.      Very  respectfully, 

F.   H.  Petttngbll. 


Tried  the   Experiment. 

In  the  winter  of   |i::  4    and  again   in    '94  .">.    it    was 

suggested  thai  relief  could   be  a  i  ol   the 

indigent  unemployed,  who  annually  crowd  into  this 
city,  if  they  wrv  furnished  with  mining  implements 
en t>  to  the  foothills  to  try  their   luck   at    placer 
mining.       The  plan    met    with'  a    good    deal    of    well 
grounded  opposition    but  ■  man.   1".  M.  McKaddcn, 

prominent  as  an  "organizer"  of   the   unemplo 
thought  be  would  try  the  experiment.     He  claim    to 
have  made  a  success  of  it.     Here  is  his  all 
perience: 

"1  first   went     to    Folsom    and    there    got    a    little 

work  on  a  gravel  train.  I  saw  hundreds  oi  Chinese 
doing  placer  mining   the  old-fashioned   way.   and    I 

followed  their  example.      After  live   months'    work     I 

can  say  that  it  pays  much  better  than  cleaning   the 

streets,  and  that  there  is  c tor  thousands  in  this 

State  to  do  this  work.  I  located  a  claim  on  the 
Natoma grant,   near   Folsoin.     Five  dollars  bought 

uie  a  rocker  and  pick  and  I  rented  the  water  privi- 
lege for  $3  a  month.  I  had  never  done  mining  be- 
fore, but  I  made  til)  cents  a  day  from  the  start,  and 
after  a  little  advice  from  experts  1  readily  earned  *2 
lo  s:i  a  day-      Once  1  earned  Sail  in  a  few  hours. 

''The  land  around  Kolsom  is  owned  by  a  large 
company,  which  allows  mining  on  its  ground  and 
charges  miners  for  use  of  water  out  of  the  ditch. 
My  expenses  were  seldom  over  $2  a  week,  and  one 
can  fare  very  well  at  that— flour,  bacon  and  pota- 
toes, with  a  little  fresh  meat  once  or  twice,  a  week. 
There  are  plenty  of  empty  cabins  around  that  one 
can  use,  and  no  one  will  object. 

"There  are  twenty  men  on  the  Natoma  grant 
working  just  as  1  did,  and  all  are  making  more  than 
a  living.  There  is  room  there  for  hundreds,  and  all 
over  the  State  there  are  good  placer  districts  where 
thousands  of  the  unemployed  can  find  work." 


To  .Save   Fine  Gold. 


Judge  Goodwin,  who  so  ably  fills  the  editorial  chair 
of  the  Salt  Lake  Tribww,  occasionally  unbends  to  the 
extent  of  putting  in  articles  not  wholly  statistic  or 
didactic  in  his  leaded  columns.  In  the  issue  to  hand 
he  narrates  the  following: 

A  Nevada  man  once  went  to  Europe  to  sell  a  mine. 
When  he  got  his  fare  paid  in  New  York  he  had  the 
bond  of  the  mine  and  $30  in  his  pocket.  He  found 
some  soft  Englishmen  aboard  who  thought  they  could 
play  poker.  When  he  reached  Liverpool  he  had  the 
bond  and  $12(10  in  his  pocket.  He  had  not  a  vast 
amount  of  intellect,  but  he  had  an  unlimited  supply 
of  that  article  called  gall.  In  two  months  he  had 
£8000  in  the  bank  and  had  himself  elected  superin- 
tendent of  the  company  in  Nevada  at  a  generous 
salary.  He  was  feeling  well.  Going  up  street  he 
saw  some  strawberries  in  a  window.  He  did  not  re- 
member that  it  was  in  the  winter  time,  and  that 
possibly  strawberries  were  a  little  expensive,  so  he 
went  in  and  ordered  a  plate  of  strawberries.  The 
waiter  stared  at  him  and  said:  "  1  beg  your  pardon." 
'■  Don't  you  understand  English  ?  "  asked  the  Nevada 
man,  "I  want  a  dish  of  strawberries."  The  waiter 
bowed  and  went  out.  Two  English  gentlemen  were 
sitting  at  a  table  near  by,  and  the  Nevada  man 
heard  one  of  them  say  in  a  low  tone  to  the  other: 
"  Upon  my  soul,  I  think  when  that  Yank  comes  to 
pay  for  his  strawberries  he  will  never  order  any 
more  in  the  Kingdom."  The  waiter  brought  a  few 
sickly-looking  berries,  which  were  quickly  disposed 
of,  and  then  asked  the  amount  of  the  bill.  The  waiter 
replied:  "One  guinea,  if  you  please."  "What!" 
said  the  Nevada  man.     "  One  guinea,  if  you  please," 

answered   the   waiter.     "Why, ,"  said  the 

Nevada  man.  "T  thought  strawberries  were  scarce 
and  high.  Bring  me  another  plate."  His  gall  still 
triumphed.  When  he  returned  he  told  the  story, 
and  a  friend  asked  him  if  after  he  disposed  of  the 
second  plate  he  ever  did  buy  any  more  strawberries 

in   the  Kingdom.     "  Not  a one,"  was  the  reply; 

"  that  last  one  was  all  for  the  American  eagle. " 


Structure  of  Gold   Nuggets. 


The  structure  of  gold  nuggets  is  the  subject  of  a 
paper  recently  contributed  to  the  New  South  Wales 
Royal  Society  by  Professor  Liverbridge.  Gold  nug- 
gets, on  being  cut  through,  or  sliced  and  polished, 
and  then  etched  by  chlorine  water,  were  found  to 
exhibit  a  well  marked  crystalline  structure,  closely 
resembling  the  figures  shown  by  most  metallic 
meteorites.  On  heating  the  nuggets  in  a  Bunsen 
burner,  blebs  or  blisters  form,  on  both  the  polished 
and  unpolished  surfaces;  and,  on  still  more  strongly 
heating,  these,  in  some  cases,  burst  with  sharp  re- 
ports, and  pieces  of  gold  are  projected  with  consid- 
erable violence.  As  no  explosions  have  been  ob- 
served on  dissolving  or  eating  away  the  crusts  of 
these  blisters  by  chlorine  water,  it  would  appear 
that  the.  blebs  are  probably  due  to  the  vaporization 
of  some  liquid  or  solid  substance.  As  soon  as  a  fresh 
supply  of  nuggets  is  obtained,  experiments  will  be 
proceeded  with  to  ascertain  definitely  whether  gold 
nuggets  contain  occluded  gases,  or  liquids,  or  solids 
which  are  vaporizable.  In  slicing  some  nuggets, 
scattered  granules  of  quartz  were  met  with  inside, 
although  quite  invisible  outside,  and  at  first  it  was 
thought  that  the  explosions  might  be  due  to  the 
quartz,  but  the  gas,  in  some  cases,  continued  to  issue 
from  the  burst  bleb — where  the  aperture  formed  was 
small — and  forced  the  Bunsen  flame  out  into  lateral 
jets,  just  as  if  urged  by  a  blowpipe. 


"Why  does  a  bicycle  stand  up?"  is  a  question 
which  has  been  quite  thoroughly  discussed.  But 
what  the  average  amateur  wants  to  know  is.  why  a 
bicycle  doesn't  stand  up. 


Not  many  days  ago,  says  the  New  York  Herald,  a 
few  gentlemen  connected  with  the  telegraphic  or 
electric  business  were  assembled  in  a  room  in  the 
eleventh  story  of  the  new  Postal  building  on  Broad- 
way. They  had  not  been  there  very  long  when 
astonishment  was  depicted  on  their  faces;  and  by  and 
by  found  expression  in  words.  A  book  on  the  table 
about  which  they  stood  or  sat  was  speaking.  "Is  it 
possible,"  exclaimed  Mr.  Chandler  of  the  Commercial 
Cable  Company,  "  that  those  spoken  words  can  come 
from  that  book?"  "Yes  it  is,"  said  Mr.  Francis 
W.  Jones,  the  electrician  of  the  company;  "that  is 
Mr.  Marshall's  telephone."  W.  Marshall,  of  709 
Lexington  Ave.,  had  prepared  this  remarkable  feat 
for  the  electricians.  He  began  by  taking  up  an  or- 
dinary book  and  placing  in  the  leaves  several  slips 
of  tin  foil,  about  one  and  a  half  inches  wide  and  four 
inches  long.  Then  he  attached  a  couple  of  fine  wires 
to  another  room,  where  they  were  attached  to  the 
transmitter  of  a  telephone.  Then  a  conversation 
began,  with  Mr.  Marshall  in  one  room,  and  one  of 
the  persons  in  the  room  where  the  book  lay.  Each 
word  that  came  from  the  book  could  be  distinctly 
heard  in  every  corner  of  the  room.  The  visitors  had 
never  experienced  anything  of  the  kind  before,  and 
they  said  it  would  eventually  revolutionize  teleg- 
raphy. 

A  pui.seomkter  has  been  invented  with  which  it  is 
claimed  it  is  possible  to  tell  to  a  fraction  the  exact 
condition  of  the  heart  beat.  An  electric  pen  traces 
on  prepared  paper  the  ongoings,  haltings  and  per- 
egrinations of  the  blood,  showing  with  the  fidelity  of 
science  the  weakness  of  the  telltale  pulse.  This 
should,  it  is  considered,  be  of  special  advantage  to 
life-insurance  doctors,  as  well  as  to  the  profession  at 
large. 


It.  91  Whiting  of  Spokane.  Wash.,  is  making  a 
ma  bine  h,r  saving  fiDe  g0y.  The  principal  new 
teat  ire  is  a  revolving  perforated  cylinder,  set  at  a 

slight  inclination  downward  from  the  hopper.  This 
is  encased  in  a  revolving  drum  and  set  in  a  box, 
equipped  with  riffles.      There  are  two  sets  of    copper 

tes  and  quicksilver  riffles,  and  so   constructed   a 
nevet   t"   clog        Within    the   drum   and   outside  the 
cylinder  are  three  copper  ball.-,   quicksilvered,  kept 

ic  motion  by  the  revolutions  of  the  drum.  an. I  de 
signed  to  pick  up  any  straying  particles  of  gold  not 
caught  in  the  other  process.  The  dirt  passes 
direi  tly  into  the  cylinder  from  the  hopper,  the  water 
and  all  the  line  substances  passing  through  the  per 
forations  and  not  permitted  to  escape  without  com 
inginto  contact  in  passing  over  the  system  of  plates. 
The  gravel  and  all  coarse  stuff,  alter  being  thor- 
oughly washed,  is  expelled  at  the  end  of  the  cylinder 
and  sluiced  out  of  the  way.  The  weight  of  the  drum 
and  cylinder  in  the  largest  machine  is  about  forty 
five  pounds. 

This  machine  is  designed  In  treat  twenty-four 
yards  of  dirt  in  a  day  of  ten  hours.  It  requires' 
Gfteen  inches  of  water,  necessitating  a  six-inch 
pump  at  thirty-five  revolutions  a  minute  to  raise  the 
water  ten  feet,  which  is  deemed  sufficient  on  ordi- 
nary placer  ground,  as  the  height  of  the  machine  is 
only  three  feet..  The  machine  itself  is  easily  oper- 
ated by  hand,  and  the  inventor  claims  that  in  actual 
service  on  the  ground  it  will  require  less  than  a  half- 
hovse  power,  while  the  smaller  sizes,  intended  for 
prospecting,  can  be  worked  by  two  men,  one  to 
shovel  in  the  dirt  and  the  other  to  turn  the  crank. 
It  is  so  constructed  that  a  cleanup  can  be  made  every 
day,  or  as  often  as  desired. 

If  the  machine  performs  as  successfully  in  the 
field  as  it  does  on  dress  parade  in  the  factory,  it  will 
largely  revolutionize  placer  mining  on  the  Columbia 
and  tributary  streams. 

What  Colorado  Hiners  Want. 


The  Rocky  Mountain  News  prints  an  open  letter, 
which  it  states  was  signed  by  ninety-six  working 
miners  and  addressed  to  the  Tenth  General  Assem- 
bly of  Colorado,  in  which  they  suggest  amendments 
to  the  laws,  as  follows,  so  as  to  make  : 

1.  Eight  hours  a  legal  day's  work  for  all  men 
working  under  ground. 

2.  Require  all  mines  100  or  more  feet  deep  to 
have  at  least  two  exits. 

3.  To  forbid  storage  of  powder  or  caps  in  or 
within  fifty  feet  of  shaft  house. 

4.  To  prohibit  the  employmen  t  of  coolie  labor  in 
mines. 

5.  To  require  all  incorporated  companies  to  pay 
their  laborers  at  least  semi-monthly. 

6.  To  compel  all  mining  corporations  ofiering 
stock  for  sale,  or  those  whose  stock  is  held  by  any 
person  other  than  the  directors  of  said  company,  to 
publish  semi-annually,  in  some  newspaper  of  general 
circulation  in  the  county  where  they  operate,  a  full 
statement  showing  assets  and  liabilities,  income  and 
expenditures,  this  statement  to  be  signed  under  oath 
by  at  least  two  of  the  company's  directors. 

The   Boot  on   the  Other  Leg. 


California,  Colorado  and  Montana  all  seem  to  be 
deriving  benefit  from  the  increased  activitj'  in  gold 
mining,  aud  our  exchanges  unanimously  speak  of  the 
unusual  amount  of  gold  coming  into  the  local  mints. 
In  the  first-named  State  there  is  reported  to  be  a 
very  good  and  brisk  demand  for  gold  mining  prop 
erties.  People  are  commencing  to  have  a  fuller  ap- 
preciation of  the  industry,  and  they  are  on  the  look- 
out for  profitable  investments.  The  San  Francisco 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press  complains,  however 
that  "  the  only  difficulty  is  these  people  want  de- 
veloped claims  which  are  paying  or  about  ready  to 
pay,  and  these  the  miners  want  good  prices  for. 
A  good  many  people  in  search  of  mines  want  devel- 
oped ones  at  the  price  of  prospects."  In  Australia 
the  boot  is  on  the  other  leg.  Generally  speaking, 
those  who  have  mines  to  dispose  of  try — and  in  the 
case  of  West  Australia  have  succeeded  to  a  remark- 
able degree — to  get  for  prospects  the  prices  of  de- 
veloped properties. — Australia  Mining  Standard. 

Physical  deterioration  has  been  increasing 
steadily  in  the  British  army  in  the  last  twenty  years. 
In  1875  there  were  only  65  soldiers  in  a  thousand 
under  five  foot  five;  last  year  there  were  127.  The 
008  in  a  thousand  measuring  less  than  37  inches 
round  the  chest  has  grown  to  085.  The  proportion 
of  enlisted  men  under  20  years  of  age  has  increased 
from  97  in  a  thousand  to  170,  while  that  of  men  over 
30  has  decreased  from  340  to  88  in  a  thousand. 


The  Tacoma  chamber  of  commerce  has  forwarded 
to  Washington  city  a  vigorous  protest  against  the 
provision  of  the  sundry  civil  bill  by  which  a  portion 
of  the  coast  and  geodetic  survey  force  is  to  be 
dropped. 


120 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  23,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 


Advice  to  Inventors. 


Inventors  may  be  roughly  divided 
into  three  classes:  (1)  Those  who,  as 
the  result  of  accident  and  momentary 
inspiration,  think  out  one  or  two  de- 
vices having  no  special  relation  to  their 
ordinary  pursuits  or  needs;  (2)  persons 
who  have  a  well-defined  mechanical 
genius,  and  are  regularly  employed  in 
some  manufacturing  trade,  and  a  good 
deal  given  to  the  use  of  tools  and  the 
study  of  problems  incidental  to  me- 
chanics; and  (3)  experts  in  electricity, 
steam  engineering,  steel  and  iron 
works,  or  some  other  industry,  who 
are  constantly  employed  by  some  one 
else  at  a  salary  to  improve  existing 
methods  and  appliances.  The  first 
two  of  these  classes,  together  consti- 
tuting ninety-nine  per  cent  of  the 
whole,  may  be  called,  without  disre- 
spect or  disparagement,  amateur  in- 
ventors. Those  constituting  the  third 
set  are  really  ' '  professional  inventors. " 
Some  excellent  suggestions,  offered  to 
the  latter  in  the  Engineering  Magazine 
for  February,  by  Henry  Harrison 
Suplee,  deserve  consideration  by  the 
former. 

This  writer's  first  recommendation  is 
that  when  a  man  gets  an  idea  he  should 
go  to  work  and  fi.id  out  what  others 
have  done  in  the  same  direction.,  so 
that  he  will  not  discover,  after  throw- 
ing away  a  lot  of  labor  and  time  and 
perhaps  money,  that  some  one  else  has 
tried  the  same,  thing  and  succeeded,  or 
has  tried  and  failed.  All  failures  should 
be  carefully  studied,  so  that  the  rea- 
sons therefor  can  be  detected  and  a 
repetition  avoided.  It  is  well  to  col- 
lect facts,  either  in  the  form  of  clip- 
pings or  written  memoranda,  copies  of 
patents  or  manufacturers'  catalogues, 
about  other  devices  like  that  which  the 
inventor  has  in  mind.  Above  all,  it  is 
important  that  a  man,  before  trying  to 
solve  a  problem,  carefully  inquire 
whether  it  is  worth  solving.  Mer- 
chants, manufacturers  and  consumers 
should  be  consulted  to  see  whether  a 
thing  would  sell  if  perfected  and  put 
on  the  market.  Finally,  mechanical 
laws,  means  of  accomplishing  an  end 
simply  without  waste  of  power  or  ma- 
terial and  fundamental  principles 
should  be  eagerly  and  thoroughly 
studied  in  books,  by  personal  observa- 
tion and  by  inquiry.  It  is  the  inventor 
who  works  along  these  lines  and  looks 
upon  invention  as  a  science  and  not  as 
a  haphazard  affair  who  makes  the 
greatest  hits  commercially. 

Freezing  a  Soap    Bubble. 


One  of  the  most  wonderful  achieve- 
ments in  recent  scientific,  progress  is 
the  liquefaction  of  air.  A  remarkable 
story  of  this  curious  substance  and  a 
soap  bubble  experiment  is  told  in  a 
late  review  of   scientific   experiments: 

"A  frozen  soap  bubble,  broken  in 
•  two,  and  floating  like  an  iridescent, 
transparent  egg  shell  on  the  surface,  of 
a  vessel  of  liquid  ah-  was  one  of  the 
marvels  exhibited  by  Professor  Dewar 
in  a  recent  lecture  before  the  Royal  In- 
stitute of  Great  Britain.  The  lecture 
was  on  atmosphere  and  the  curious 
effects  of  intense  cold,  the  liquid  air 
and  the  soap  bubble  being  adjuncts  in- 
troduced to  facilitate  some  explana- 
tions. A  few  spoonfuls  of  the  liquid 
air  were  poured  into  a  vessel  and  the 
intense  cold  caused  by  evaporation  im- 
mediately induced  a  miniature  snow- 
storm in  the  atmosphere  directly  above 
the  vessel. 

"  A  soap  bubble  was  then  lowered 
into  the  freezing  stratum  above  the 
liquid  air.  Almost  instantly  there  was 
a  change  in  the  color  of  the  transparent 
globe,  the  bubble  becoming  much 
darker;  the  movements  of  the  rainbow 
film  grew  slower;  it  contracted  some- 
what in  size  and  a  moment  later  froze. 

"A  slight  but  dexterous  movement 
of  the  rod  upon  which  the  bubble  was 
suspended  broke  the  latter  in  two 
pieces,  which  fell,  cup  side  up,  upon 
the  liquid  air  and  there  floated  for  an 
hour,  gradually  accumulating  a  tinv 
snow  drift  from  the  almost  impeivep 


tible  precipitation  constantly  going  on 
in  the  freezing  atmosphere  above." 

The  astronomical  observatory  erect- 
ed by  Professor  T.  S.  C.  Lowe,  is  seven 
miles  by  rail  north  of  Pasadena  and  six- 
teen miles  northeast  of  Los  Angeles. 
The  Sierra  Madre  mountains,  upon 
which  the  observatory  has  been  placed, 
have  an  east  and  west  trend,  and  rise 
abruptly  from  the  San  Gabriel  valley 
on  the  south  to  an  altitude  exceeding 
6000  feet  above  sea  level.  The  observ- 
atory is  built  upon  a  southern  spur  of 
these  mountains.  Its  altitude  is  about 
3600  feet  above  the  sea,  and  2000  feet 
above  the  hills  at  the  base  of  the  moun- 
tains, which  are  very  steep  at  this 
point.  While  the  crest  of  the  range 
rises  high  above  the  observatory  and 
shelters  it  on  the  north,  leaving,  how- 
ever, the  north  star  visible,  the  entire 
southern  horizon  is  unobstructed,  ex- 
tending to  the  rim  of  a  large  segment 
of  the  ocean.  Astronomically  it  is 
nearly  at  the  intersection  of  the  34th 
parallel  of  north  latitude  witl\ the  118th 
meridian  of  W.  longitude.  The  new 
observatory  is  well  equipped  with  the 
great  sixteen-inch  Clark  reflector. 
Among  the  other  instruments  are  many 
which  have  done  notable  work  in  the 
Warner  observatory  at  Rochester  un- 
der the  directorship  of  Dr.  Lewis 
Swift,  the  eminent  American  astron- 
omer, who  now  superintends  the  Lowe 
observatory.  The  buildings  consist  of 
a  central  tower  thirty-two  feet  in  diam- 
eter, surrounded  by  a  light  dome,  and 
two  unequal  wings,  the  smaller  one  con- 
taining a  dark  room  for  photographic 
work,  and  the  larger  being  furnished 
with  cases  for  the  extensive  astronom- 
ical library  of  reference  gathered  by 
Dr.  Swift  in  the  course  of  his  profes- 
sional career. 


What   a   Cannon    Ball    Can   Do. 


Indwelling  upon  the  wonderful  power 
of  the  guns  of  the  Indiana,  Albert  Frank- 
lin Matthews,  in  an  article,  on  "The 
Evolution  of  a  Battleship  "  in  the  Cen- 
tury, gives  illustration  from  the  recent 
Chilean  civil  war,  showing  the  effective- 
ness of  the  smaller  sizes  of  breechload- 
ing  rifle  guns. 

A  shot  weighing  250  pounds  from  an 
eight-inch  gun  of  Fort  Valdivavia,  in 
Valparaiso  harbor,  struck  the  cruiser 
Blanco  Encalada  above  the  armor  belt, 
passed  through  the  thin  steel  plate  on 
the  side,  went  through  the  captain's 
cabin,  took  the  pillow  from  under  his 
head,  dropped  his  head  on  the  mattress 
with  a  thump  but  without  injuring  a  hair, 
passed  through  the  open  door  into  the 
messroom,  where  it  struck  the  floor  and 
then  glanced  to  the  ceiling.  Then  it 
went  through  a  wooden  bulkhead  an 
inch  thick  into  a  room  twenty-five  by 
forty-two  feet,  where  forty  men  'were 
sleeping  in  hammocks.  It  killed  six  of 
them  outright  and  wounded  six  others, 
three  of  whom  died,  after  which  it  pass- 
ed through  a  steel  bulkhead  five  inches 
thick  and  ended  its  course  by  striking 
a  battery  outside,  in  which  it  made  a 
dent  nearly  two  inches  deep.  It  was 
filled  with  sand.  Had  it  released  dead- 
ly gases  no  one  knows  what  damage  it 
might  have  done. 

A  450-pound  missile  from  a  ten-inch 
gun  in  the  same  fort  struck  the  same 
vessel  on  its  eight-inch  armor.  It  hit 
square,  on  a  bolt.  The  shell  did  not 
pierce  the  armor  but  burst  outside  the 
vessel.  It  drove,  the.  bolt  clear  through, 
and  in  its  flight  the  bolt  struck  an  eight 
inch  gun,  completely  disabling  it.  Such 
is  the  power  of  the  smaller  sized  guns. 


The  Turkish  Ministry  of  Public- 
Works  has  determined  upon  the  recon- 
struction of  the  ancient  water  conduits 
of  Jerusalem,  dating  from  the  age  of 
King  Solomon.  By  this  means  it  would 
be  possible  to  convey  2500  cubic  meters 
of  water  daily  to  the  Holy  City.  Of 
this  it  is  proposed  to  give  1000  meters 
away  free  of  charge  to  the  poor  of 
Jerusalem,  the  distribution  to  take 
place  at  the  Mosque  of  Omar,  the  Holy 
Sepulcher,  and  other  places  frequented 
by  pilgrims.  The  new  conduits  are  to 
be  joined  to  the  ancient  aqueducts  of 
Arob,  and  are  to  be  carried  through  a 
tunnel  3570  yards  in  length.  The  total 
outlay  In  connection  with  these  works 
is  estimated  at  8,000,000  francs, 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Fr'ue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 
Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt    trans- 
versely two 
feet     apart, 
there    is    a 
space    of    one 
inch,   contain- 
ing    twenty 
riffles  1-33  of 
an    inch    in 
depth.    This 
tends    to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a    belt   with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Building San  Francisco. 

Hendrie  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co., 

DENUER,  COLORADO. 

LATEST   IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 


I  IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 


General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


* 


■* 


PLACER  AMALGAMATORS 

*■-     —  -* 

Combined  with  Steam  Shovel  or  Dredge. 

BUCYRUS     SYSTEM. 

NEW  METHOD  OF  PLACER  MINING. 

Saves  all  the  Gold.    Uses  very  little  Water.    Treats  large  quantities  at  Low  Cost 

Built  solely  by  the 

BUCYRUS  STEAM  SHOVEL  AND  DREDGE  COMPANY, 

South  /nilu/aukee,  Y/V/ls.,  U.  S.  f\. 

^maigamat^  :  Dj^^I^  :  S!l9I£l5: 

Complete  "Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating,  Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer  ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of  water  or 
compressed  air.    Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outfits  include  ''Lancaster"  1895  Land  or  River  Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction.  Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required.  Crushing,  Pulverizine,  Concentrating  and  other  machinery  also 
built.     Investigation  snli cited, 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee,  39  Cortlandt  St.,  NEW  YORK. 


cascadFwateFwheeL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  •wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  •water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  -wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

J  AM  ESLEFFEL&  CO.  Springfield,  Ohio.  U.S.  A. 
DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS. 

,?20  Market  St.,  S«n  Frenetero,  Cal. 


February  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


121 


Mechanical  Progress. 

New   Uses  for  Babbitt    Hetal. 


1  shall  attempt  in  this  article  to  give 

nf   the  numerous   uses  to  which 

babbitt  metal   eac    be  applied  around 
the  mill  and  workshop  outside  of  its 
accustomed    place    in    journal    boxes. 
The  writer   ol    this   was   employed   to 
Hre  a  sawmill,  and  when    1  went  and 
barge  ol  the  machinery  1  nol  iced 
thai  the  shaft  of  the  rival  pump   that 
■  boilers  with  water  was  sprung, 
d    by    tin-'    plunger     unscrewing 
from   ab  equentlj  lengt  bening 

it  till  it  struck  the  bottom  in  running; 
the  result  was  that  when  we  started 
up,  the  wabble  of  the  eccentric  soon 
broke  thai  nni  in  two.  As  it  was 
thirty  miles  to  a  machine  shop  we  were 
in  a  dilemma.  I  took  the  broken  parts 
ami  shaft  out  and  carried  them  to  the 
proprietor  and  told  him  I  would  take 
them  to  the  blacksmith's,  and  perhaps 
they  could  fix  it.  I  also  told  him  that  if 
they  could  not,  1  thought  1  could  make 
.■lie  mil  of  babbitt  metal.  1  took  them 
in  the  hop  and  had  the  shaft  straight- 
ened, but  when  they  commenced  work 
on  the  eccentric  rod  they  broke  it  and 
it  could  not  be  repaired  there.  I  then 
took  the  pieces  with  me  and  got  a 
keyhole  saw  and  made  my  molds  out  of 
wood.  1  then  cast  the  broken  parts 
out  of  the  babbitt  metal  and  got  back 
to  tin  mill  in  I  ime  to  put  them  together 
and  be  ready  for  sawing  the  next  day. 
I  ran  that  mill  two  years,  and  that 
babbitt  machinery  was  just  as  good 
when  I  quit  as  when  I  first  put  it  on. 

I  iln  not  advise  the  use  of  babbitt 
metal  in  every  case,  nor  where  a  per- 
son is  close  to  a  machine  shop,  but  in 
■  uses  like  the  above  where  it  would 
take  a  week  or  longer  to  get  the  re- 
pairs from  the  shop. 

If  you  have  a  shaft  to  put  up  and 
have  no  cast  bearings  for  it  you  can 
make  them  out  of  babbitt  metal.  I 
put  up  a  two  and  one-quarter  inch 
shaft  and  made  the  whole  bearings  out 
of  babbitt  metal.  It  has  been  run- 
ning six  years,  and  the  bearings  are 
apparently  as  good  as  when  first  made. 
1  first  made  my  bents  and  put  them  in 
place,  having  the  top  of  the  bents 
about  one  inch  lower  than  the  bottom 
of  the  shaft,  when  it  was  in  place.  I 
then  put  my  shaft  in  place  and  got 
a  cap  block  and  cut  a  square  notch  in 
it  about  two  inches  larger  than  the  di- 
ameter of  the  shaft.  I  placed  this 
notch  down  over  the  shaft,  the  cap 
block  resting  on  the  bent  with  the 
shaft  in  the  center  of  the  notch.  I 
then  pinned  the  cap  block  solid  to  the 
bent,  and  bored  a  hole  through 
the  cap  block  to  the  notch  to 
put  a  pin  down  against  the  shaft  in 
order  to  have  an  oil  hole  when  the  box 
was  run.  We  now  fix  the  shaft  in  the 
center  of  the  notch  resting  on  outside 
supports.  Get  some  good  clay 
and  pasteboard  to  fix  the  ends  of 
the  notch  ready  to  run,  leaving  a  place 
at  the  top  to  pour  the  metal.  If  you 
have  been  careful  you  will  get  a  good 
boxing. 

If  your  shafting  is  not  perfectly 
round,  it  is  best  to  tie  one  thickness  of 
paper  around  the  shaft  and  run  the 
metal  around  that,  turning  the  shaft  a 
few  rounds  by  hand,  when  the  babbitt 
gets  nearly  cold. — H.  N.  Payton  in  the 
Tradesman. 


Damascus  Tempering. 


reciting  the  prayer  to  the  god  Bal-hal, 
until  the  steel  be  of  the  color  of  the  red 
of  the  rising  sun  when  he  comes  up  o\  er 
the  desert  toward  the  east;  and  then 
with  a  quick  motion  pass  the  same  from 
the  heel  thereof  to  the  point  six  times 
through  the  most  fleshy  portion  of  the 
Slave's    back   and  thights,  when  it  shall 

have   become  the  color  of  the  purple  of 

the  king.  Then,  if  with  one  swing  and 
one  stroke  of  the  right  arm  of  the  mas- 
ter workman  it  sever  the  head  of  the 
slave  from  his  body  and  display  not  a 
nick  nor  crack  along  the  edge,  and  the 
blade  may  be  bent  round  about  the 
body  of  a  man  and  break  not,  it  shall 
be  accepted  as  a  perfect  weapon, 
sacred  to  the  service  of  the  god  Bal- 
hal,  and  the  owner  thereof  may  thrust 
it  into  a  scabbard  of  ass's  skin,  brazen 
with  brass,  and  hung  to  a  girdle  of 
camel's  wool  dyed  in  the  royal  purple.'' 
—  Blacksmith  and  Wheelwright. 


A  manuscript  lately  discovered  gives 
in  detail  the  method  employed  in  mak- 
ing the  famous  Damascus  blades.  The 
manner  of  tempering  is  something 
almost  too  horrible  to  relate:  "Let 
the  high  dignitary  furnish  an  Ethiop  of 
fair  frame,"  the  description  runs,  "and 
let  him  be  bouud  down,  shoulders  up- 
ward, upon  the  block  of  the  god  Bal- 
hal,  his  arms  fastened  underneath  with 
thongs;  a  strap  of  goat  skin  over  his 
back  and  wound  twice  around  the  block; 
his  feet  close  together,  lashed  to  a  dowel 
of  wood,  and  his  head  and  neck  pro- 
jecting over  and  beyond  the  block. 
Then  let  the  master  workman,  having 
cold  hammered  the  blade  to  a  smooth 
and  thin  edge,  thrust  it  into  the  fire  of 
cedar  wood  coals,  in  and  out,  the  while 


Another  Serious   Blow  to  the 
Steam  Engine. 


With  cruel  "sarkazzum"  the  Ameri- 
can   Machinist  says: 

A  number  of  imaginative  persons  are 
looking  eagerly  forward  to  the  near 
future  when,  it  is  asserted,  a  certain 
vibrating  device  is  to  thrust  aside  our 
old  and  reliable  friend,  the  steam  en- 
gine, as  a  general  agent  for  the  de- 
velopment of  power. 

The  invention,  which,  to  quote  the 
bulletins,  "consists  of  the  core  of  a 
steam  engine  and  the  core  of  a 
dynamo,''  is  to  develop  far  greater 
power  per  pound  of  fuel  than  even  the 
best  of  our  present  engines,  and  is  to 
save  thirty-five  per  cent  in  initial  me- 
chanical friction,  fifteen  per  cent  in 
outside  connection  losses,  and  where 
electricity  is  to  be  produced,  an  added 
trifle  of  ten  per  cent  for  conversion,  or 
a  total  of  not  less  than  sixty  per  cent 
over  present  practice. 

Last,  but  not  least,  the  improved 
motor  is  to  occupy  but  a  trifling  space, 
the  machine  for  a'  fair  sized  ocean 
steamer  being  stowable  within  an 
ordinary  silk  hat  of  the  dimensions 
worn  by,  say,  one  of  our  vindicated 
police  justices;  and  such  being  the 
case,  the  regular  greyhounds  can  carry 
power  enough  to  make  the  ocean 
passage  in  a  couple  of  days  at  most. 

Just  what  connection  is  to  be  made 
between  the  vibrator  and  the  screw,  or 
other  shafting,  does  not  appear. 

Possibly  it  is  considered  that  such  a 
trifling  problem  requires  no  particular 
consideration  from  those  who  soar 
above  the  clouds  in  scientific  contem- 
plation, and  who  usually  leave  the  un- 
poetic  practical  designer  to  wrestle 
alone  with  the  questions  that  arise  in 
forcing  the  coarse  materials  of  nature 
to  conform  to  the  requirements  of 
geniustic  theory. 

It  is  hardly  probable  that  the  new 
device  will  very  greatly  interfere  with 
the  coming  spring  trade  in  the  regular 
type  of  steam  machinery. 


"Among  the  November  boiler  explo- 
sions," says  the  Locomotive,  "we  note 
one  that  is  particularly  distressing. 
The  gentleman  owning  the  plant,  whom 
we  will  call  Mr.  Brown,  had  been  re- 
peatedly solicited  to  insure  his  boiler, 
but  had  steadily  declined  to  do  so.  He 
had  a  good  engineer,  he  said,  and  a 
good  boiler,  and  he  didn't  need  insur- 
ance. Once,  when  our  agent  visited 
him,  he  was  a  little  petulant,  and  his 
conversation  was,  perhaps,  more  em- 
phatic than  polite.  But  within  a  week 
from  that  day  bis  boiler  blew  up  and 
destroyed  the  entire  plant.  He  felt 
differently  about  the  insurance  after 
that;  but  when  he  had  rebuilt  his  mill 
and  saw  everything  running  in  good 
shape  once  more,  he  changed  his  mind 
again  and  said  '  Lightning  never  strikes 
twice  in  the  same  place.'  Last  month 
the  new  boiler  exploded,  with  disas- 
trous results,  and  Mr.  Brown  was  him- 
self among  the  killed." 


At  the  time  the  Pennsylvania  com- 
pany placed  its  recent  30,000-ton  order 
for  steel  rails,  at  $22,  it  was  believed 
that  the  lowest  possible  figure  was 
reached,  and  that  the  mills  would  lose 
money   on   the   contract.     The    Wall 


Street  News,  however,  has  found  "one 
of  the  most  prominent  iron  workers  of 
Pittsburg,"  who  says  that  the  mills 
could  have  taken  the  order  at  $20,  and 
made  money  on  it.  In  the  interview, 
iitleman  said:  "Present  prices 
will  rule  untilJuly,  I  think,  unless  Tom 
Johnson  completes  his  plant  at  Lorain, 
Ohio,  and  jumps  into  the  market.  He 
will  pull  rails  down  to  sis.  We  have 
been  doing  a  great  deal  of  work  for 
him,  and  his  place  is  nearly  done.  He 
will  have  a  magnificent  plant — one  of 
the  largest  in  the  country.'' 


Earnings  of  Labor  in    1890. 


Some  idea  of  the  enormous  interest 
of  laborers  and  mechanics  in  this  coun- 
try's commerce  is  shown  by  the  re- 
marks of  the  Governor  of  Ohio,  at  the 
recent  meeting  of  the  National  Associa- 
tion of  Manufacturers  in  Cincinnati. 
"  Do  you  know  the  amount  of  wages 
paid  to  the  labor  of  this  country  in 
1890  (the  last  census  year)?"  said  Mr. 
MeKinley.  "The  stupendous  sum  of 
$1,221,170,454,  or  $3,914,000  to  each 
working  day,  or  $391,400  for  every 
working  hour  of  every  working  day  in 
that  busy  year. 

"As  showing  the  advance  of  our 
manufactures,  we  had  exactly  950,000 
more  persons  employed  in  the  year  1890 
than  in  1880,  and  more  in  1892  than  in 
either  period,  and  the  aggregate  of 
wages  of  1892  was  more  than  double 
the  amount  paid  in  1880.  No  people  of 
any  other  country  ever  had  so  large  a 
share  in  so  great  a  product  as  the 
working  people  of  the  United  States 
then  enjoyed.  The  value  of  the  prod- 
uct of  our  manufactures  in  1890  was 
more  than  100  per  cent  greater  than 
those  of  1890.  When  the  manufactur- 
ers in  1890  were  prosperous  the  wage 
earners  were  equally  prosperous;  agri- 
culture was  profitable;  railroads  were 
actively  employed,  aud  merchants  were 
doing  a  satisfactory  business.  Why, 
in  1891,  the  amount  of  the  deposits  in 
the  savings  banks  of  the  country  was 
$1,623,079,749,  and  it  is  estimated  that 
ninety  per  cent  of  these  deposits  were 
the  earnings  of  our  wage  earners  re- 
ceived from  our  home  manufacturers." 

Selby  Smelting 

i  i —it   and   H>iiii 

Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Qold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES  PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,     LEAD    PIPE,     SHEET     LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  arid  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

mine  and  /VVill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 

£y~^  "We  would  call  the  attention 
it  of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-i* 
ing  Companies,  Milling  Com- 
panies, Prospectors,  etc.,  to 
our  full  stock  of  Balances, 
Furnaces, Muffles,  Crucibles, Scorlflers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
6  JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


Founded  by  Mathttv  C&fVy,  j;s.',. 
HEXKY     CAUKV     IIAI1U>     &     CO., 

Industrial    Publishers,     Booksellers     and 
&cportbhs. 
810  Walnut  St..  PhlUul.-li.hhi.  Pa.,  V.  S.  A. 
*»-OurNew  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Praotica) 
aud  Scientific  Books,  K*  Put-'-.-*,  Bvo.,  and  our  other 
Catalogues  and  Circulars,  the  whole  oo  vert] 
branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  iirts,  sent  freeanil 
frei   Ol  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  ad<  I 


THE  GOLD  ana  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 


LIMITED. 

TRADE!     UAHK. 


'ARTHUR-FOHREST  PROQUg) 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -■       -         -         £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Bdilding,  Denver,  Colorado. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO- 


loneer  Screen  Works! 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals,  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  UseB. 

,*, MIHIHG  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. «** 

381  and  3S3  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  bad  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  fUml  filmier,  5fl  cunts  additional  per 

volume, 


i^Siai 


vm? 


QUARTZ SCREENS 4 

A  specially.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  i 
'Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc.  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


fflMJB 


Business     College, 

24  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY  -  PIVE     DOLLARS 

ThiB  College  instructs  In  Shorthand,  Type-Writing 
Bookkeeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  Blxteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  Instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  O.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


Practical  Hydraulics. 

A  Book  for  Civil  Engineers,  miners,  Mill- 
men,  Hydraulicians,  Mining  En- 
gineers and  Irrigators. 

By  P.  M.  Randall. 

This  new  work  is  by  one  of  the  most  experienced 
hydranlicians  of  the  country.  It  abounds  with  use- 
ful tableB  for  ready  reference,  in  which  the  resultB 
of  abstruse  calculations  are  all  placed  in  a  form  so 
that  one  can  find  what  he  wants  in  a  moment.  For 
the  engineer  the  principles,  formulas,  coefficients, 
etc.,  are  given;  and  for  those  not  familiar  with 
higher  mathematics,  examples,  rules  and  tables  are 
prepared.  Thus  the  needs  of  the  scientist  and  the 
practical  miner  or  milhnau  are  each  met.  It  is  the 
most  complete  work  on  the  subject  yet  published, 
and  is  specially  applicable  to  the  Pacific  Coast. 

TABLE   OF   CONTENTS. 

The  following  brief  abstract  of  the  contents  will 
give  an  idea  of  the  branches  of  the  subject  treated: 

General  Plan;  Discussion  of  the  Principles  of 
Hydraulics;  Rules  Deduced  from  Formulas  Ob- 
tained; Examples  and  Calculations;  Extensive 
Tables  for  Ready  Reference;  Fundamental  Laws  of 
Hydraulics  Demonstrated  and  Expressed  in  For- 
mulas and  Ruies;  Flow  of  Water  Through  Open- 
ings; Weir  Coefficients;  Triangular  Weirs;  Flow 
of  Water  over  Quadrant  Weir  (tabulated);  Applica- 
tion of  Tallies;  Submerged  Orifices;  Flow  Through 
Orifices  in  Thin  Partitions;  Tables  and  Applica- 
tions; Miners'  Inches;  Tables  and  Calculations; 
Flow  of  Water  Through  Short  Tubes  and  Compound 
Tubes;  Flow  of  Water  Through  Pipes;  Tables  of 
Velocities  and  Cubic  Feet  Flows  for  Given  Fall  per 
Mile  and  Diameter  of  Pipe;  Coefficient  fpr  Bend— 
Circular  and  Angular;  Flow  Through  Nozzles;  In- 
verted Siphons;  Flow  of  Water  in  Open  Channels, 
Extensive  Tables;  Rough  ftpd  PP&dy  Notes;  Hipta 
for  Speedy  and  Approximate  .Kstimates,  etc. 

Prloe  MM  postpaid,    Sold  oy  THE  MINING  ANp 


122 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  23,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following:  Is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Chicago  Gold  Mining  Syndicate.— Repub- 
lican: At  the  old  Bunker  Hill  and  Original 
Amador  claims,  near  Amador  City,  operated 
by  the  Chicago  Gold  Mining  Syndicate,  the 
wages  and  other  liabilities  have  got  ahead  of 
the  premises.  It  has  been  arranged  that  the 
proceeds  of  the  mines,  as  well  as  the  remit- 
tances from  the  East,  should  be  divided  pro 
rata  among  all  the  creditors.  Under  this  ar- 
rangement, the  work  is  now  proceeding. 

The  Ben  Hur. — Hydraullcking  at  the  Ben 
Hur  placer  claim  at  Pine  Grove  is  in  full  blast. 
This  was  formerly  known  as  the  Wheeler 
claim,  and,  according  to  all  accounts,  it  prom- 
ises to  have  a  long  and  prosperous  run.  The 
auriferous  ground  is  sufficient  to  last  for 
many  years. 

Anita. — At  this  mine  sinking  is  progressing 
at  a  satisfactory  rate.  Last  week  they  put  in 
four  sets  of  timbers,  lowering  the  shaft  "20 
feet.  The  formation  is  slate,  near  the  foot- 
wall,  and  is  excellent  working  ground.  The 
new  hoisting  works  run  smoothly.  The  shaft 
is  now  120  feet  deep.  The  water  is  trouble- 
some, especially  since  the  heavy  rains  of  the 
past  few  days  f  but  the  machinery  is  able  to 
handle  it  without  seriously  interfering  with 
the  sinking. 

The  Median  Mine.— Record;  At  the  Me- 
dian mine,  John  R.  Tregloau,  superintendent, 
a  tramway  is  just  finished  which  takes  the 
ore  from  that  mine  to  the  mill  of  the  South 
Spring  Hill  mine.  Heretofore  it  cost  the  com- 
pany about  80  cents  per  ton  to  get  the  ore  to 
the  mill.  With  the  finishing  of  the  new  tram- 
way the  cost  is  less  than  eight  cents  per  ton. 

DRTTOWN    DISTRICT. 

The  Gover.—  Ledger:  The  lien  holders' 
cases  against  the  Gover  Mining  Company 
have  been  continued  to  Mai'ch  4th.  W.  J. 
McGee,  attorney  for  the  company,  says  that 
negotiations  are  still  pending  for  the  sale  of 
the  property,  and  if  the  sale  can  be  affected, 
all  the  creditors  will  be  paid  in  full.  Jasper 
McDonald  of  the  Keystone  Company  is  still 
keeping  the  water  out  of  the  Gover  under 
his  option  of  purchase,  which  has  not  yet  ex- 
pired. 

JACKSON     DISTRICT. 

The  Zeila.— The  Zeila  chlorination  works 
have  been  running  ever  since  the  mine  and 
mill  shut  down  on  sulphurets  on  hand,  but  the 
supply  has  all  been  chlorinated  and  the  works 
have  shut  down  until  the  mill  is  again  run- 
ning. 

Calaveras. 
The  Hexter  Mine  Sold. — Chronicle:  The 
Hexter  mine,  situated  half-way  between 
Mokelumne  Hill  aud  Middle  Bar,  has  been 
sold  to  Col.  W.  T.  Robinson,  who  has  already 
commenced  the  work  of  prospecting  for  an  ore 
body.  Some  thirty  years  ago  this  property 
was  worked  with  a  five-stamp  mill.  Exceed- 
ingly rich  quartz  was  taken  from  the  mine, 
but,  for  causes  unknown,  the  mill  was  re- 
moved from  the  mine,  and  for  many  years  the 
property  has  been  idle.  It  is  the  opinion  of 
Col.  Robinson,  who  has  carefully  examined 
the  property,  that  the  original  owners  went 
through  the  apex  of  the  ore  shoot  and  then 
drifted  the  opposite  way  from  the  paj7  ore, 
and  not  finding  any  more  good  quartz  they 
supposed  the  mine  was  played  out.  This  is 
only  one  of  many  paying  mines  that  were 
abandoned  by  mine  operators  thirty  years  ago, 
subsequently  to  be  opened  and  made  to  pay 
dividends.  The  Kennedy  mine  of  Jackson 
and  many  others  could  be  cited  to  back  up 
this  statement. 

The  Hexter  mine  is  situated  between 
Mokelumne  and  Campo  Seco  canal,  and  water 
under  a  200-foot  pressure  can  be  had  for  the 
purpose  of  running  all  machinery  necessary 
for  cheap  and  economical  working.  The  county 
road  passes  over  the  lode,  so  it  is  at  once  ac- 
cessible for  large  teams.  The  formation  is 
porphyry  on  the  hanging-wall  and  diabase  and 
greenstone  on  the  footwall.  The  fissure  is 
five  feet  wide  and  chiefly  filled  with  quartz 
carrying  a  small  per  cent  of  sulphurets  and  a 
record  of  §20  per  ton  in  free  gold.  It  is  to  be 
hoped  that  the  future  workings  may  develop 
a  paying  property,  and  once  more  demonstrate 
to  the  miner  of  to-day  that  old  abandoned 
mines  are  worthy  of  his  investigation. 

Changed  Hands. — Chronicle:  The  Birney 
mine  has  virtually  been  sold  to  Colonel  Wood- 
row  and  other  capitalists  of  Salt  Lake  City. 
Colonel  Woodrow  is  now  en  route  to  the 
Mormon  city,  and  as  soon  as  he  arrives  there 
he  will  probably  forward  the  money  for  the 
first  payment,  although  he  has  until  the  1st 
of  April  in  which  to  do  this.  The  deed  to  the 
property  has  been  made  out  and  placed  in 
escrow  with  Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.  until  such 
a  time  as  the  second  payment  is  made,  the 
purchasers  having  six  months  from  the  1st  of 
April  in  which  to  make  it. 

The  principal  creditors  of  the  Birney  Com- 
pany held  a  meeting  Wednesday  evening  and 
agreed  to  accept  one-third  of  their  claims 
when  Col.  Woodrow  makes  the  first  payment, 
and  the  balance  when  the  second  payment  is 
made.  The  Colonel  will  reach  his  destination 
on  the  21st  inst.,  and  expects  to  forward  the 
money  immediately.  He  is  a  wealthy  mining 
expert  and  there  is  no  doubt  about  his  sin- 
cerity in  the  matter.  Like  all  others  who 
have  examined  the  Birney,  he  considers  it  a 
very  valuable  property.  His  personal  repre- 
sentative, Mr.  McCreight,  remained  here  to 
take  charge  of  the  property  as  soon  as  the 
first  installment  ar*rives. 

The  negotiations  for  the  sale  were  con- 
ducted by  W.  H.  Routledge,  who  had  an 
option  on  the  property,  on  behalf  of  the  Birney 
Company,  and  J.  T.  Wall  and  Mr.  McCreight 
on  behalf  of  the  Salt  Lake  City  men.  The 
transfer  of   the  mine  will  prove 'beneficial  to 


Angels,  as  it  will  be  developed  on  an  exten- 
sive scale  and  there  will  be  ample  means  with 
which  to  prosecute  the  work. 

The  Missouri  mine  at  Carson  Hill  has  also 
been  sold  to  the  Salt  Lake  City  parties  for 
§10,000,  the  payments  to  be  made  on  the  same 
basis  as  those  for  the  Birney.  The  property 
belonged  to  Joseph  Peirano  and  Domingo 
Rolleri. 

We  understand  that  Mr.  Routledge  has  a 
bond  on  the  Raspberry  property  and  is  negoti- 
ating for  its  sale. 

Reports  come  to  us  of  improvements  being 
made  in  the  mill  at  the  Mosser  mine,  near 
Mokelumne  Hill,  and  also  of  the  building  of 
new  hoisting  works  on  the  shaft.  People  re- 
siding in  that  locality  have  great  faith  in  the 
future  of  the  Mosser  mine.  It  is  a  continua- 
tion of  the  old  Lamphere  lead. 

The  Boston  Mine. — ChronicU:  The  Boston 
mine,  situated  near  Mokelumne  Hill,  and 
owned  by  Louis  Davidson  &  Co.,  will  shortly 
be  re-opened. 

Del  Norte. 

An  Offer  Refused. — Record:  Work  on  the 
ditch  being  built  by  the  Del  Norte  Mining, 
Milling  and  Irrigation  Company  in  the  Big 
Flat  country  is  progressing  rapidly.  It  is  now 
thought  by  those  interested  that  the  water 
can  be  brought  on  the  claims  at  an  expense 
considerably  less  than  was  first  estimated. 
The  company  has  received  an  offer  of  §3000  for 
their  property,  from  a  Chicago  man,  which 
they  refused."  The  members  of  the  company 
will  develop  the  mines  themselves,  and  be- 
lieve when  water  is  put  on  the  claim  they 
will  have  a  bonanza. 

Kl  Dorado. 

Grand  Victory  Mine.  —  Republican:  The 
Grand  Victory  mine  is  the  scene  of  active 
operations  at  present.  The  mill  is  being  en- 
larged to  a  capacity  of  fifty  stamps,  and  three 
rock  breakers  are  at  work  reducing  ore  from 
the  mine  to  a  size  adapted  for  work  by  the 
stamps.  It  is  said  that  a  recent  discovery  has 
been  made  of  ore  much  better  than  any 
hitherto  worked. 

Inyo. 

Ma  rule  Quarry.  —  C.  B.  Derby  is  now 
superintendent  of  the  Inyo  marble  quarry. 
The  Index  says  the  shipment  of  marble  will 
soon  be  resumed,  and  a  number  of  additional 
men  have  been  put  to  work. 

Mariposa. 

Gene  rax  Mining  Notes. — Gazette-:  The  man 
who  recently  bonded  the  Daisy,  Jubilee  and 
Steveson  quartz  mine  north  of  the  river,  has 
men  at  woi*k,  and  from  the  Daisy  and  Jubilee 
comes  news  of  the  finding  of  an  exceptionally 
rich  body  of  gold  ore  in  each. 

The  work  of  the  Sierra-Butte  company  at 
the  Whitlock  mine  is  progressing  favorably. 
The  fine  three-compartment  shaft  is  now  down 
over  two  hundred  feet,  and  seventy- five  men 
are  employed  in  and  arouud  the  mine.  The 
first  consignment  of  machinery  for  the  50- 
stamp  mill  arrived  this  week  and  is  being 
placed  in  position.  The  carpen  ter  work  on  the 
mill  and  other  buildings  is  being  forwarded 
as  fast  as  circumstances  will  permit. 

Several  loads  of  mining  supplies,  track  iron, 
ore  cars,  pipe,  tools,  etc.,  for  the  Heaton  mine 
in  Devil's  Gulch,  have  been  sent  up  this  week. 
Mr.  Chapman  has  a  number  of  men  at  work 
and  is  pushing  things. 

The  grant  people  have  the  tunnels  aud  drifts 
on  the  Pine  Tree  mine  nearly  all  cleaned  out, 
and  now  have  a  similar  work  in  view  on  the 
Princeton  mine,  both  old-time  bonanza  prop- 
erties. 

Mono. 

A  Reported  Strike. — It  is  reported  that  a 
strike  has  been  made  in  the  Standard  mine  at 
Bodie,  Cal.,  running  through  the  Jupiter  into 
Bodie  ground,  says  the  A7irginia  City  Enter- 
prise. 

Nevada. 

Mine  Bonded. — Tidings:  Prof.  Geo.  A. 
Treadwell  has  taken  a  bond  on  the  Fountain 
Head  gravel  mine,  in  this  district,  and  will 
endeavor  to  raise  a  working  capital  in  Eng- 
land for  the  exploitation  of  the  property.  He 
will  form  an  English  company  and  raise  suffi- 
cient working  capital,  in  the  beginning,  to 
fully  develop  the  claim,  so  that  the  stock  will 
be  unassessable.  This  is  in  accordance  with 
English  law,  as  in  that  country  assessments 
cannot  be  levied  upon  the  stock  of  a  corpora- 
tion. 

willow  valley  district. 

Herald:  Considerable  prospecting  is  being 
done.  Several  claims  have  been  bonded  and 
leased,  and  companies  are  being  organized  to 
work  them. 

The  Alice  Belle,  at  which  the  Murchie  com- 
pany is  doing  its  principal  work,  is  progress- 
ing rapidly  and  giving  up  good  ore. 

The  company  now  works  three  shifts  in  the 
old  Murchie  drain  tunnel.  The  little  four- 
stamp  mill  has  plenty  of  rock  to  work  on  now. 

At  the  Belle  Fontaine  work  goes  steadily 
on,  and  the  ore  taken  out  is  high  grade. 

The  Federal  Loan  is  said  to  be  in  excellent 
ore  still.  It  was,  no  doubt,  the  success  of  the 
Federal  Loan  that  stimulated  mining  in  that 
district. 

New  Mining  Company.— The  Cadmus  Min- 
ing Company  is  soon  to  be  incorporated,  and 
will  immediately  commence  the  erection  of 
hoisting  works  and  begin  developing  the 
claim.  This  is  the  McHugh  location,  adjoin- 
ing the  Home  and  Providence  on  the  west. 
Charles  Kaehle,  formerly  a  foreman  at  the 
Providence,  is  to  be  superintendent. 

Shasta. 

Trouble  at  Quartz  Hill.— Z*Yce  Vresx;  The 
Kosciusco  mine,  at  Quartz  hill,  is  owned  by  a 
Polish  company,  and  the  stockholders  or 
directors  are  having  trouble  among  them- 
selves. The  company  has  expended  about 
§90,000  on  the  mine  so  far  and  the  ore  has  paid 
fairly  well  by  the  common  mill  process.  No 
doubt,  however,  a  percentage,  and  perhaps  a 
large  percentage,  of  the  gold  has  escaped. 
Anyhow,  from  this  or  some  other  cause,  there 
has  been  and  is  trouble.  Recently  a  Polish 
priest    and    the    secretary    of    the    company 


arrived  from  the  East,  and  there  is  an  effort 
being  made  to  patch  up  a  peace. 

A  Growing  Demand. — Redding  Fret'  Press: 
There  seems  to  be  a  growing  .demand 
in  Shasta  county  for  mining  properties, 
which  ought  certainly  be  encouraging  to 
our  poor  mine  owners,  and  spur  them  on 
in  the  development  of  their  mines.  Show 
the  capitalist  that  you  have  something  to  sell, 
and  there  will  be  little  trouble  in  disposing  of 
your  property.  The  recent  sale  of  the  Iron 
Mountain  mine  for  $300,000  will  increase  the 
demand  for  development  properties. 

San  Diego. 

BANNER    DISTRICT. 

New  Gold  Discovery. — A  new  gold  discov- 
ery is  reported  east  of  Banner.  The  ore 
shows  free  gold  and  prospects  well.  Bacon  Jk 
Coffman's  mine  is  reported  very  rich,  and  the 
ledge  maintains  its  width  as  the  shaft  is 
pushed  down. 

Sierra. 

Dangerous  at  Present.  —  Messenger:  The 
contractors  who  are  ruuning  the  tunnel  at  the 
Slug  Canyon  mine  have  been  unable  to  work 
the  most  of  the  week.  Slug  canyon  is  one 
solid  mass  of  snow  slides  and  it  is  dangerous 
for  men  to  go  up  to  the  mine. 
Placer. 

The  Gem  Mine.—  Sentinel:  Work  at  the 
Gem  mine  at  Humbug  is  being  pushed.  The 
lower  tunnel  is  in  about  200  feet  and  the 
upper  tunnel  not  quite  that  distance.  The 
miue  is  excellently  situated  for  the  building 
of  a  mill ;  and  if  the  ledge  proves  to  be  what 
is  expected  from  previous  prospecting,  a  large 
mill  will  go  up  ou  the  site.  The  ledge  is  only 
a  few  miles  from  the  famous  Pioneer,  which  is 
paying  better  now  than  at  any  time  pre- 
viouslv. 

Tuolumne. 

Tue  Golden  Rule. — Independent :  Ou  Tues- 
day, two-thirds  of  the  Golden  Rule  quartz 
mine  was  sold  to  a  San  Francisco  syndicate, 
by  the  owner,  Mr.  McGinn — Mr.  O.  S.  Cressy 
retaining  the  other  third  of  the  claim.  The 
whole  property  being  valued  at  §100,000,  the 
two-thirds  was  sold  at  that  rate  of  valuation. 
The  Golden  Rule  is  located  about  one  mile 
south  of  Quartz  Mountain,  and  bids  fair  to  be- 
come one  of  the  most  noted  in  Tuolumne. 

NEVADA. 

Storey. 

The  Comstock  Mines. — At  present,  says 
Dan  De  Quiile,  most  of  the  ore  that  is  being 
milled  by  the  Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia  Company 
is  being  taken  from  the  new  body  of  ore 
recently  discovered  to  the  southward  on  the 
1050  level.  Though  this  is  good  milling  ore,  it 
is  not  so  rich  as  that  in  the  main  chimney 
through  which  the  incline  was  sunk.  During 
the  past  week  the  mill  worked  175  tons  of  the 
new  ore,  the  yield  of  which  was  §37.60  a  ton. 
Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  the  new  body  was 
not  a  bad  find.  In  the  new  deposit  an  opening 
has  been  made  that  is  now  fifteen  feet  long 
and  twelve  feet  wide. 

The  Hale  &  Norcross  is  yielding  some  ore, 
but  most  of  the  work  is  exploratory.  On  the 
975  level  a  small  streak  of  ore  was  passed 
through  in  a  crosscut,  from  which  were  taken 
six  cars  of  ore  that  averaged  §47.SS  a  ton. 
This  is  a  very  promising  prospect. 

The  Alta  is  becoming  a  steady  producer. 
The  yield  last  week  was  124  cars  of  ore,  worth 
843.38  a  ton. 

The  Crown  Point  is  yielding  nearly  600  tons 
a  week  of  gold  quartz,  which  averages  over 
§!-t  a  ton. 

Both  the  Belcher  and  the  Seg.  Belcher  are 
now  beginning  to  yield  small  lots  of  fair-grade 
ore,  which  is  quite  encouraging. 

The  Potosi,  Chollar  and  Occidental  are 
yielding  about  as  usual. 

To  the  west  of  the  main  line  of  the  crop- 
pings  of  the  Comstock  lode  lies  a  region  that 
is  unexplored.  Though  immense  sums  have 
been  expended  in  prospecting  to  the  north  and 
south  along  the  course  of  the  Comstock,  no 
work  worthy  of  the  name  has  ever  been  done 
to  the  westward.  Many  large  veins  crop  out 
in  the  unexplored  western  country,  most  of 
which  yield  good  prospects  in  gold,  but  on 
none  of  these  has  anything  but  surface 
scratching  been  done.  It  seems  strange  that 
this  promising  section  should  have  been 
allowed  to  lie  unprospected  for  over  thirty-five 
years,  yet  such  is  the  fact.  All  the  time,  too, 
our  oldest  and  best  miners  have  thought  well 
of  this  region,  but  the  majority  have  been 
afraid  of  the  water  it  is  supposed  to  contain.  ! 
It  is  supposed  that  a  great  body  of  water  is  T 
held  back  behind  the  footwall  of  the  Comstock 
lode.  Some  accidental  tappings  indicate  that 
this  is  probably  the  case,  but  any  water  found 
would  now  be  easily  disposed  of  by  sending  it 
out  through  the  Sutro  drain  tunnel. 

In  this  way  the  west  country  could  be 
cheaply  drained  to  the  depth  of  over  1000  feet. 
At  last  one  company  is  pushing  out  into  this 
undeveloped  section.  This  is  the  West  Con. 
Virginia  &  California  Company.  They  are 
running  west  from  the  1100  level  of  the 
bonanza  mines,  and,  after  passing  through 
much  hard  and  solid  rock  in  the  footwall  of 
the  Comstock  lode,  seem  to  be  entering  the 
confines  of  the  west  country.  They  have 
tapped  quite  a  heavy  flow  of  hot  water,  which 
shows  a  change  of  formation  near  at  hand. 
The  hot  water  at  the.  face  of  the  drift  caused 
a  suspension  of  work,  but  the  flow  is  gradually 
decreasing.  As  the  flow  diminishes  the  water 
becomes  cooler,  and  soon  woi'k  may  be  resumed 
in  the  drift.  It  te  thought  that  some  develop- 
ment of  interest  will  soon  be  made  in  this 
drift.  It  is  the  first  venture  at  depth  into 
the  west  country,  and  by  means  of  it  a  dis- 
covery may  be  made  that  will  give  the  Com- 
stock a  new  lease  of  life,  if  not  a  rousing 
boom.  The  hot  water  is  a  sure  sign  of  ore,  or 
at  least  vein  material,  somewhere  ahead. 
Lyon. 
Silver  City  Notes. — Time*:  A.  A.  Pollard 
is  having  a  new  flume  built  from  his  reservoir 
in  American  canyon  to  the  Pollard  mil!. 
Everybody  is  working — some  on  leases  and 


some  on  their  own  claims — and   all  are  meet- 
ing with  success. 

All  of  the  old  mines  are  looking  well,  par- 
ticularly the  Oest,  Haywood,  Great  Western, 
Succor,  Overland  and  Brodek. 

There  are  three  mills  now  running—the 
Pollard,  Foot  and  French.  The  others  will 
start  up  very  soon  if  good  weather  continues. 
There  is  a  large  amount  of  ore  out  at  the 
different  dumps  awaiting  hauling  to  the  mills. 
It  will  be  hauled  as  soon  as  the  roads  are  in  a 
condition  for  teams  to  move. 

Mill  for  Pine  Nut.— Genoa  Courier:    The 
San  Francisco  parties  who  became  interested^ 
in  the  Zirn  &  Sohultz  claims   will   begin  the 
erection  of  a  mill  on  or  before  the  1st  of  May, 
and  have  agreed  to  have  it  completed  and  run- 
ning by  the  1st  of  August.    The  mill  is  to  be  I 
of  sufficient  capacity  to  crush  from  twenty  to  \ 
forty  tons  a  day,   according  to  the  character  1 
of  the  rock.     These  parties  have  also  agreed 
to  procure  a  supply  of  water  for   the   camp. 
The  water  will  have  to  be  piped  a  distance  of 
five  miles.     The   total  outlay  for  .these   im- 
provements, it  is  estimated,  will   be   not  less 
than  §10,000. 

ARIZONA. 
The  Vulture  Tailings.  —  Courier:  The 
Helm  Bros.,  now  operating  on  the  old  Vulture 
tailings,  are  completing  the  erection  of 
cyanide  tanks,  which  process,  it  is  said,  is 
perfectly  adapted  to  successfully  handle  this 
product.  There  are  many  hundreds  of  tons  of 
these  tailings  which  have  lain  idle  for  over 
twenty-five  years;  and,  strange  as  it  may 
appear,  no  interest  was  taken  in  the  reducing 
them  to  metal  until  these  mining  men  com- 
menced to  determine  their  real  value.  These 
tailings  will  run  about  §15  per  ton;  and  from 
the  cheapness  of  the  method  adopted  to  handle 
them,  a  fortune  will  be  made  by  it,  so  many 
miners  say  who  have  recently  been  there. 

Goldfield  Notes.— Phoenix  Herald:  At  the 
Mammoth  mine,  no  ore  is  being  taken  out  at 
present.  The  main  shaft  has  been  sunk  350 
feet,  at  which  point  drifts  are  being  run  to 
tap  the  vein.  Everything  is  in  readiness,  and 
it  is  said  active  operations  will  be  resumed 
soon,  and  ore  will  be  taken  out  and  the  mill 
started  up. 

Some  new  and  exceedingly  rich  ore  has  been 
struck  on  the  Bull  Dog  property,  which  is  be- 
ing thoroughly  developed.  The  Pomeroy  mill 
is  working  steadily  on  the  150  tons  of  ore  from 
this  property,  and  the  plates  show  that  the 
ore  will  average  at  least  §25  per  ton.  This 
property  is  owned  by  Phoenix  people,  who 
have  already  expended  about  §12,000  and  who 
now  see  their  way  clear  to  a  good-sized  for- 
tune. 

The  Fairstakc  and  Sunset  properties  arc 
being  worked  and  show  up  finely.  A  sensa- 
tional story  is  promised  regarding  these 
claims  in  the  near  future. 

H.  J.  Allen,  of  Jerome,  said  the  report  of  the 
recent  cave  in  the  United  Verde  Copper  Co.'s 
mines  was  a  most  cavernous  fabrication,  or 
words  to  that  effect. 

In  Copper  Basin.  —  Tombstone  Kjjt'fau/B 
Four  men  with  two  teams  are  at  work  in  Cop- 
per Basin  ground  sluicing,  and  are  said  to  be- 
taking out  *10  each  per  day  of  clean-looking 
gold  dust.  Another  man  was  seen  at  work  in 
the  same  locality  with  a  rocker.  He  stated 
that  he  was  making  a  good  living. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Quarried  Out. — Midway  Advance:  A  visitor 
to  Fairview  at  the  present  time  can  see  one  of 
the  greatest  "snaps"  in  quartz  mining  to  be 
seen  anywhere.  The  quartz  is  being  literally 
quarried  out  by  fourmen,  who  manage  to  keep 
the  ten-stamp  mill  supplied  with  ore. 
COLORADO. 

Some  Colorado  Phoduobrs. — Ores  and  Met- 
als: The  Golden  Wedge,  near  Central,  re- 
turned on  1,700  pounds  of  first  class  ore,  34.69 
ozs.  gold,  16.4  ozs.  silver,  and  15  per  cent  cop- 
per per  ton,  total  commercial  value  $66S.6ra. 
4,675  pounds  of  second  class  ore  gave  6.40  ozs. 
gold,  6  1-5  ozs.  silver,  and  7lB  per  cent  copper 
per  ton,  value  §117.  S4  per  ton. 

The  Mollie  Gibson,  the  world's  famous  silver 
producer,  will  pay  no  dividend  this  month. 
Last  month's  receipts  were  only  120,000,  barn- 
]y  enough  to  pay  expenses.  The  mine  is  now 
in  40-ounce  ore,  which  is  a  very  low  grade  for 
the  Mollie,  but  it  is  confidently  expected  that 
rich  ore  will  be  found  again  soon. 

The  North  Star  mine  on  Sultan  Mountain, 
Col.,  has  an  almost  phenomenal  record  in  that 
it  has  not  been  shut  down  a  day  in  eleven 
years.  During  that  time  it  has  shipped  36,000 
tons  of  ore,  and  5,000  tons  of  concentrates, 
which  produced  2,000,000  ounces  of  silver,  108,- 
000  ounces  of  gold,  and  S,000  tons  of  lead.  The 
average  value  of  the  ore  in  gold,  silver,  lead 
and  copper  is  §62  a  ton. 

The  Star  mine  at  Ward,  equipped  only  with 
rattletrap  machinery,  with  not  a  drift  below 
300  feet,  is  shipping  daily  a  carload  of  ore 
worth  $2,000.  The  Giles,  another  mine,  keeps 
every  available  stamp  in  town  steadily  pound- 
ing;  "the  Utica  has  16  feet  of  ore  running  into 
the  hundreds:  the  Modoc  and  Humboldt  are 
each  pounding  out  50  tons  a  day,  with  good 
returns,  while  the  great  Columbia  out-cripples 
Cripple  Creek,  with  its  daily  output  reaching 
toward  §2,000— §60,000  a  month.  But  they  say 
there's  a  bigger  mine  than  this  near  Ward — 
the  Dew  Drop,  over  in  California  gulch.  The 
operators  of  the  Columbia  say  it  themselves 
and  they  arc  in  position  to  know. 
Custer  Co. 

The  Geyser  Mine.— Stiver  (  liff  Rustler:  The 
Geyser  mine  is  better  than  ever.  A  new  min- 
eral known  as  prousite  has  been  found.  It  is  a 
crystallized  ruby  silver  aud  assays  16,000 
ounces  silver  per  ton.  Late  assays  have  shown 
as  much  as  §86  in  gold,  and  21  assays  made 
from  the  _2, 100-foot  level  gave  an  average  of 
4,500  ounces  in  silver. 

Mineral  Co. 

In  Creede  Dist. — Crcede  Candle:  At  least 
S00  men  are  employed  in  and  about  the  mines 
in  this  district.  "The  pay  roll  for  the  last 
month  is  the  largest  since  the  slump  in  silver, 
and   the  force  on  several  properties   is  con 


February  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


123 


stantlv  being  increased.    With  the  opening  of 
spring  at  least  1,000  men  will  find  employment 
in  and  around  Creede  camp. 
IDAHO. 

koh  $30,000.— The  Salmon  City  /«•- 
carder  learns  tbat  the  Hughes  Creek  placer 
property,  near  Gibbonsville,  has  been  sold  to 
St.  Paul  capitalists  for  130,000,  a  small  sum 
paid  now  and  the  balance  to  be  made  in 
regular  payments  within  a  year.  This  prop- 
erty was  owned  bv  Messrs.  Pahey,  Hunt, 
u  and  others  *>f  <  \Vo\ sville. 

The  Tip-Top.  Silver  Cltj  Avalaneha  The 
mill  has  started  up  again  with  forty  stumps, 
and  will  be  run  steadily  on  half  time  (twelve 
Forty  tons  per  day  can  be  treated  in 
this  manner,  and  it  is  impossible  t"  keep  ore 
at  the  mill  when  running  its  full  capacity 
Shelton  &  Eastwood,  ore  haulers,  have  about 
two  hundred  tons  at  the  mill,  ami  arc  hauling 
steadily  with  tivotcums. 

World:  Superintendent  Wood  "i  tin- Camas 
Nit.  S  mine  and  mill  came  '"  town  to-day 
bringing  a  gold   bv'u-u  thai  weighed 

en    and    a    half    pounds.      At     fill   per 
ounce  troj    the  briofe   is  worth  about  jM.ikmi. 
This  was'  the    resUli    Of    LS   tlays'     run   of    15 
■   ■ 

Another  brick  worth  aboul  11,500  having 
been  brought  in  a  eoupK-  of  weeks  ago,  this 
makes  about  $o,r>oo  worth  of  bullion  brought 
in.  A  .-It-an-up  is  now  going  on  at  the  mill, 
which  will  doubtless  result  in  *1,.MH>  worth  of 
gold  additional. 

In  addition  to  the  gold  60  tons  "i  concen- 
trates have  been  shipped  since  the  mill  start- 
Bd  up.  These  an-  worth  180  per  ton,  and 
MuOU.n1   to  $1,800. 

\\  .  thus  have  a  total  of  about  >1-J,ihhi  for 
aboul  25  i.i\  s'  run  of  15  stamps. 

Mr.  Wood    -ays    ili.u    during    that  time  he 
■  >  tons  Of  ore  through  the  mill. 

His  expenses  average  $100  per  day. 

He  expects  to  do  much   better  the  current 

it. ..lit  1 1  Mi, i  ii  I  if  did     last,    esjieciiilly   as  he  will 
run  30  stamps  instead  of  l">. 

r  \uii:  In  DIC  ai  IONS.-  -  \\  Viser  SttfHO.1: 
The  prospects  are  that  mining  operations  in 
Warrens  the  coming  season  will  be  more  ex- 
tensive than  for  many  years.  The  number  of 
heavy  mining  operators  who  are  turning  their 
,ii  trnTiou  to  the  camp  bespeaks  a  leading  posi- 
tion in  the  mining  world.  This  is  well  for 
Warrens  and  well  for  Weiser. 

LOWER  CALIFORNIA. 

An  Awakening. — Lower  California/ix  -  The 
I  of  mining  interests  in  California  and 
the  renewed  impetus  in  that  great  industry, 
which  for  years  has  been  sadly  neglected,  is 
already  having  its  effect  upon  Lower  Cali- 
fornia." Mining  men  are  again  awakening  to 
the  fact  that  there  are  rich  mineral  deposits 
throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  this 
great  peninsula,  much  of  which  is  even  unex- 
plored. The  prosperous  condi  tion  of  the 
Ibarra  Mining  Company  at  Calmihi  is  appar- 
ent, and  they  are  now  employing  some  300  men 
and.  expanding  their  facilities  with  improved 
machinery.  In  this  section  several  mines  are 
hi  profitable  operation,  and  everything  indi- 
cates a  revival  in  mining  interests.  That  the 
gold  is  here  is  self-evident,  and  pluck  and 
<;apital  are  only  necessary  to  open  up  many 
mines  now  lying  idle  and  to  put  them  on  a 
good  paying  basis. 

Cedros  Island  Mines. — H.  A.  Howard,  rep- 
resenting Eastern  capitalists,  on  the  5th  inst. 
purchased  a  controlling  interest  of  fifty-one 
shares  in  the  Cedros  Island  Mining  and  Mill- 
ing Company,  and  was  installed  again  as  gen- 
eral manager  of  the  company.  Mr.  Howard 
says  the  deal  means  the  immediate  reopening 
of  the  work  on  the  mines  and  the  shipment  of 
ore.  During  his  managementof  the  properties 
some  years  ago,  the  mines  yielded  a  large 
amount  of  ore,  much  of  which  was  handled 
through  the  port  of  San  Diego.  The  new  in- 
vestors are  also  interested  in  Mr.  Howard's 
gold  mines  at  Jacalitos,  on  the  peninsula,  and 
machinery  will  be  shipped  there  for  develop- 
ment of  the  prospects. 

MONTANA. 

Reeking  Investment  and  Occupation. — 
Butte  Mining  Review.  There  are  many 
strangers  in  town — mining  experts,  mill  men, 
contractors,  miners  and  speculators — all  of 
whom  are  actively  seeking  investment  or  oc- 
cupation in  their  various  lines.  The  mines 
about  here  are  improvingand  the  mineral  out- 
put increasing,  and  the  time  is  shortcoming 
when  mining  matters  will  be  pushed  forward 
with  vigor. 

NEW  MEXICO. 
Grant  Co. 

White  Signal. —Enterprise:  The  new  strike 
in  this  district  is  a  porphyritic-syenitic  ledge, 
varying  from  five  to  seven  feet  in  width, 
and,  it  is  claimed,  assays  ranging  from  $5  to 
§45  per  ton  have  been  obtained. 

This  comparatively  new  gold  mining  district 
began  its  production  and  shipment  of  gold  ore 
less  than  a  year  aero.  To-day  a  fifty- ton  mill 
is  in  course  of  erection,  and  will  be  in  opera- 
tion within  forty  days.  John  Brockman  and 
company  are  putting  in  a  Jannisch  mill  which 
will  crush  fifty  tons  of  ore  per  day.  The  com- 
pany have  purchased  several  mines  and  have 
sufficient  ore  exposed  on  their  own  ground  to 
keep  the  mill  running. 

Pinos  Altos.  —  Spiller  and  McLean  are 
working  eighteen  men  on  the  Pacific  Gold 
Company's  claim,  the  Pacific.  The  ore  is 
hauled  to  the  company's  mill,  north  of  Silver 
City,  for  reduction. 

OREGON. 

The  Ashland  Mine. — Tidings:  The  miners 
and  other  creditors  of  the  Ashland  mine, 
which  has  not  been  managed  to  suit  many  of 
them  for  some  time  past,  have  been  in  Ash- 
land consulting,  aud  it  is  understood  that  a 
number  of  additional  liens  against  the  prop- 
erty will  be  filed  at  once  and  Judge  Hanna 
petitioned  to  appoint  a  receiver  for  the  prop- 
erty. The  mine  is  advertised  to  be  sold  upon 
execution  on  the  23d,  but  it  is  not  likely  that 
the  sale  will  take  place.  The  mine  was  never 
in  a  more  promising  condition,    it  is  said,   as 


far  as  showing   up  good   paying   rook   is  con- 
cerned. 

•larkiioii  Co. 

The  San  Francisco  parties  who  had  the 
Mountain  Lion  mine,  on  Missouri  flat,  bonded, 
have  given  it  up  and  Bailey  Bros,  are  again  in 
possession. 

The  Hammerslv  mine  is  gradually  bringing 
its  owners  out  of  deep  water.  The  mine  has 
already  cleared  off  some  $13,000  indebtedness, 
and  is  only  partly  opened  as  yet. 

Jennie  Bros.,  who  have'  purchased  the 
placer  claims  of  Kenney,  Benson  and  Ander- 
son, on  Sardine  creek,  have  pui  in  two  giants 
with  eleven-inch  pipe,  and  expect  to  make  a 
good  showing  during  the  season. 
I  TAIL 

Another  Gui,i>  Mine.  —The  Bullion-Beck 
places  itself  on  record  as  a  gold  mine,  a  rich 
strike  having  just  been  made  on  the  700-foot 
level.  It  is  the  first  time  gold  in  paying 
quantities  lias  been  discovered  in  the  Beck, 
all  of  the  previous  assays  showing  simply 
traces  of  the  yellow  metal.  The  body  of  ore 
just  uncovered  shows  average  returns  of  $40 
in  gold,  over  100  ounces  of  silver  and  the  usual 
amount  of  lead  and  copper.  Members  of  the 
directory  report  it  as  making  a  splendid  show- 
ing and  increasing  in  magnitude  with  every 
foot  of  development  work.  The  presence  of 
gold  in  such  quantities  in  the  lower  workings 
of  the  property  is  a  most  encouraging  sign 
and  indicates  that  the  richest  portions  of  the 
mine  have  not  yet  been  reached.  Some  ship- 
ments of  ore  from  the  new  deposit  are  to  be 
made  at  once.  It  is  stated  that  the  property 
nevei  Looked  better  in  its  history,  and,  with 
112  men  on  the  payroll,  the  output  of  ores  is 
extremely  heavy. 

Camp  Floyd  District, 

The  Eagle  Company. — Tribune:  The  Eagle 
Gold  Mining  Company,  with  a  capital  stock  of 
£150,000,  and  as  many  shares  of  a  par  value  nf 
$1  each,  yesterday  filed  articles  of  incorpora- 
tion, which  recite  that  it  is  the  intention  of 
the  incorporators  to  proceed  at  once  with  the 
exploration  and  development  of  a  group  of 
claims  situated  in  Camp  Floyd  mining  dis- 
trict, and  consisting  of  the  American  Eagle, 
Bald  Eagle,  Eagle's  Nest  and  Gray  Eagle. 
The  board  of  directors  and  officers  consist  of 
C.  C.  Goodwin,  president;  Edward  E.  Clark, 
vice-president ;  W.  E.  Hubbard,  secretary 
and  treasurer,  and  George  L.  Korner. 

WASHINGTON. 

Okanogan  Will  Make  Things  Hum. — Out- 
look: Supt.  Wheeler  of  the  Bridgeport  Min- 
ing and  Milling  Company,  who  went  East  last 
fall  to  raise  money  for  mining  purposes,  has 
written  back  that  he  will  return  the  1st  of 
April  prepared  to  "make  things  hum"  on 
Mineral  Hill.  This  is  good  news,  as  the  re- 
sumption of  operations  on  the  promising  group 
of  mines  owned  by  that  company  will  un- 
doubtedly encourage  other  companies  to  move 
in  the  same  direction. 

Won  from  the  Sand". — Chelan  Leader:  Gold 
in  paying  quantities  has  been  taken  from  the 
Columbia  river  sand  on  the  Abercrombie  bar 
above  LaChapelle's  by  the  use  of  the  gold- 
saving  machine  invented  by  his  brother,  J. 
Porter  Nicols,  and  we  were  shown  the  results 
of  two  cleanups,  one  of  five  hours,  bringing 
$50,  and  the  other  of  three  hours,  showing 
about  $25. 

WYOMING. 

Laramie  Times:  There  is  considerable  ex- 
citement at  the  Big  Laramie,  Wyoming, 
placer  fields  over  a  big  strike  that  was  .made 
a  few  days  ago.  A  prospect  hole  was  sunk  on 
one  of  the  claims  belonging  to  the  Dodge  City 
Placer  Company  to  bedrock.  They  panned 
out  from  75  cents  to  SI  per  pan.  The  gold  is 
different  from  any  other  that  has  been  panned 
since  the  discovery  in  the  camp,  all  of  it  be- 
ing round  or  block  pieces.  In  fact,  it  is  the 
only  place  where  bedrock  has  bpen  struck, 
and  it  pans  out  beyond  all  expectations.  If 
the  weather  continues  to  be  pleasant,  the 
Iron  Mountain  Company  will  send  a  gang  of 
men  there  to  work  on  its  claims,  preparatory 
to  putting  in  a  $30,000  plant. 

W.    H.    Birch    &     CO.   (Incorporated) 

Manufacturers  of 
Passenger  and  Freight  Elevators, 
Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Improved  Corliss  Engines, 
Mining  Machinery, 

Cable  Railway  Machinery. 
119  BEAI.E  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL. 


QUICKSILVER! 


The? 


-FOR  SALE  BY. 

Eureka    Company, 


OF  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

Room  1.       -       426  California  Street, 
san  francisco 


15 Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  nf  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  urui  terms  of  liceuse, 
applv  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Parle  City.  Utah. 
INVENTORS,      Tal-ce      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

22fi  Ma uk et  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  \U\>  Stairs),  Sa> 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  rmtl  all  kind* 
of  models.  Tin  and  brass  work.  All  communica- 
tions mMcHv  cmAdentiul, 


IKTfWELLMACHINERYworb 

All  kinds  of  tools.    Fori  unc  for  the  driller  by  using  ou- 
Adamantine  process;  can  takeacore.    Perfected  Ecotif" 

leal  Artesian  Pn 

f^st  ub  help  you.  '.. ,.    .   .   .. 

4nror«y    .11  ;    Chicago,   JM.i    Pallai,  Ten. 


In 


Our  Lap= 


I 


WELDED  PIPE  iMATHESON  JOINT,  lor  which  we  are  agents) 
we  are  supplying  an  article  of  known  excellence.  A  large  line 
always  In  stock.  We  also  make  all  kinds  and  sizes  of  SHEET 
IRON  and  SHEET  STEEL  riveted  WATER  PIPE  lor  hydraulic 
mining.  Irrigation  and  other  purposes.  We  want  business— at 
least  the  way  we  make  our  pipe,  the  way  we  sell  it  and  the  way 
we  treat  customers  would  make  you  think  so.  Quotations 
and  Information  furnished  promptly. 


RISDON 

IRON 

WORKS, 


S.  E.  HOWARD  AND  BEA1E  STS.,  SAW  FRANCISCO 


Mining    F*ipe ! 


STEEL  OR  IRON. —We  make  pipe  of  either,  hut  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  many 

particulars  and  inferior  in  none. 
COATINO.— We  use  great  care  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Refined  Asphaltum 

and  Maltha. 
COMPETITORS.— Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO.  CAL. 

the" Jones  rock  drill 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect- 
or in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If  you  are  Interested  In 
Rock  Drilling  Correspond 
with   us. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'gr  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  its  Denver  Office, 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

>™X6-^V%     E.  G.  DENNISTON, Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.     Send  for  Circular. 


LEVER  THROTTLE  VALVES 


"Lunkenheimer's"  is  admirably  adapted  for 
Traction,  Hoisting  and  Yacht  Engines,  Steam 
Shovels,  Saw  Mills,  Pile  Drivers,  Steam  Hammers, 
etc  Adopted  and  endorsed  by  Engine  Builders 
throughout  the  United  States.  Warranted  and 
satisfaction  guaranteed.  Specify  and  insist  upon 
"  Lunkenheimer's."  None  genuine  without  our 
name.  Our  new  Catalogue  of  superior  steam 
specialties.  "  up  to  date,"  gratis  upon  request.  Con- 
sult dealer. 


124 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  23,  1895 


Electrical  Progress. 


A  Kansas  City   Electric  Carriage. 


A  recent  dispatch  from  Kansas  City, 
Mo. ,  said  that  a  horseless  carriage  went 
skimming  along  the  smooth  asphalt  of 
Fourteenth  street  in  the  vicinity  of 
Cherry  street,  fulfilling  Mother  Ship- 
ton's  prophecy  that  "  Carriages  with- 
out horses  shall  run,"  and  terrifying 
two  negroes,  who  saw  sparks,  and, 
apparently,  sulphurous  flames  issuing 
from  under  it. 

The  vehicle  was  an  electric  carriage, 
of  Kansas  City  invention  and  manufac- 
ture, and  is  the  only  one  of  its  kind 
in  the  United  States.  There  are  sev- 
eral electrical  carriages  in  New  York 
city.  The  machine  worked  perfectly. 
A  speed  of  eleven  miles  an  hour  was 
obtained. 

The  carriage  is  about  the  size  of  an 
ordinary  vehicle.  One  seat  faces  the 
front  and  another  one  faces  to  the  rear. 
A  storage  battery,  composed  of  five 
series  of  five  cells  each,  furnishes  a 
current  of  sixty-seven  and  one  half 
ohms,  and  the  cells  are  arranged  in 
three  tiers  beneath  the  seats.  The 
wheels  are  of  wood,  with  India  rubber 
cushions  on  the  tires.  The  hind  wheels, 
which  are  three  feet  two  inches  in  di- 
ameter, have  on  their  inner  sides  a 
cast-iron  flange  twenty-six  inches  m 
diameter  and  five  inches  wide.  Power 
from  the  batteries  is  communicated  to 
the  flange  by  a  rawhide  friction  pulley, 
revolving  from  six  hundred  to  one 
thousand  times  a  minute,  and  is  capable 
of  being  elevated  or  depressed  at  will 
by  the  driver  by  means  of  divers,  on 
which  he  places  his  feet.  The  steering 
is  done  by  a  tooth  segment  and  attach- 
ed to  the  axle  of  the  fore  wheels  and 
handled  by  a  steering  post,  manipulat- 
ed by  the  driver  with  his  hands. 
The  carriage  can  make  quick,  short 
turns.  The  storage  batteries  will  run 
the  machine  about  seven  or  eight  hours. 
The  carriage  weighs  about  two  thous- 
and pounds,  and  is  quicker  and  lighter 
than  the  European  coaches. 


A  Tremendous  Light. 


The  idea  of  an  electric  light  which, 
fed  by  a  current  from  a  dynamo 
actuated  by  a  forty-horse  power  en- 
gine, and  giving  7000-candle  power, 
can  have  its  illuminating  power  intensi- 
fied 35,000  times,  is  not  easy  to  grasp. 
It  means  the  production  of  a  stream  of 
light  of  about  250,000,000-candle  power, 
and  it  is  no  wonder  that  the  announce- 
ment that  such  a  light  is  about  to  be  used 
in  this  country  has  been  received  with 
some  incredulity  in  Europe.  Yet,  says 
the  Press,  this  is  the  efficiency  of  the 
light  which  will  be  shortly  erected  at 
Fire  Island  for  the  illumination  of  the 
adjacent  coast  and  the  protection  of 
the  fleet  of  ships  entering  New  York 
harbor.  A  remote  suggestion  of  the 
power  of  this  lamp  may  be  arrived  at 
by  bearing  in  mind  that  an  ordinary  oil 
lamp  is  about  38  or  40-candle  power, 
and  then  trying  to  imagine  the  com- 
bined beam  of  3,000,000  lamps.  The 
ordinary  electric  street  light  may  be 
put  down  at  100-candle  power,  and 
250,000  of  these  would  about  repre- 
sent the  strength  of  the  Fire  Island 
light. 

The  most  powerful  oil  lamp  yet  made 
is  supposed  to  shine  out  on  a  clear 
night  for  a  distance  of  35  or  40  miles, 
but  the  new  light  will  flash  its  welcome 
rays  to  the  incoming  European  liners 
when  they  are  120  miles  away.  The 
light  revolves  rapidly  and  throws  out 
its  beams  with  the  intensity  of  speed 
of  lightning.  The  motive  power  which 
actuates  it  is  a  simple  clockwork  ar- 
rangement contained  in  a  box  two  feet 
square,  and  although  the  revolving  por- 
tion of  the  light  weighs  fifteen  tons, 
the  mechanism  controlling  it  is  so 
delicate  that  the  pressure  of  two 
fingers  will  turn  it.  The  value  of  this 
marvelous  lamp  can  only  be  determined 
by  practical  working,  but  it  promises 
to  represent  an  immense  stride  in  the 
science  of  coast  lighthouse  illumina- 
tion. 

In  his  address  at  the  recent  conven- 
tion of   the   Northwestern  Electrical 


Association  in  Milwaukee,  Mr.  C.  E. 
Gregory,  of  Chicago,  said:  ''As  the 
electrical  business  takes  on  age  we 
find  ourselves  very  near  to  the  plane 
upon  which  we  find  the  iron  and  wood- 
working industries.  There  was  a  time 
when  we  paid  $100  for  a  series  arc 
lamp,  $800  a  thousand  for  carbons, 
and  charged  $1  per  night  for  com- 
mercial arc  lights.  We  were  then 
nursing  the  infant,  but  we  have  now  on 
hand  a  giant  who  requires  at  least 
$600,000,000  per  annum  for  supplies 
and  expenses." 

The  Walker-Wilkins  voltaic  battery 
comprises  a  split  cylinder  of  amalgam- 
ated zinc  immersed  in  a  solution  of 
caustic  potash  contained  in  a  porous 
pot.  This  pot  is  placed  inside  a  cylin- 
drical vessel  having  very  numerous 
holes  perforated  through  its  wall.  The 
intervening  space  between  the  porous 
pot  and  the  containing  vessel  is  packed 
with  granulated  carbon,  that  nearest 
the  porous  pot  being  powdered,  and 
that  nearest  the  perforated  containing 
vessel  in  larger  pieces.  The  current  is 
collected  by  a  perforated  sheet  nickel 
cylinder  imbedded  in  the  granular  car- 
bon. This  cell  has  been  tested  by 
Professor  Andrew  Jamieson,  who  re- 
ports that  it  is  the  best  of  its  kind  he 
has  ever  tested.  A  two-pint  cell, 
weighing  nineteen  pounds  and  meas- 
uring 14x8:1  inches  gave  1.457  volt  on 
open  circuit,  1.324  volt  when  .467  am- 
pere was  flowing,  and  1.264  volt  when 
1.346  ampere  was  flowing.  The  output 
of  a  cell  was  kept  at  1.1  ampere  by 
varyiug  the  resistance,  and  the  poten- 
tial difference  fell  from  1.173  volt  to 
1.015  volt  in  226.5  hours.  The  cell  was 
then  allowed  to  rest,  and  the  electro- 
motive force  measured  every  twenty 
minutes  to  test  its  power  of  recupera- 
tion. At  the  end  of  one  hour  it  gave 
1.260  volt:  at  the  end  of  two  hours, 
1.285  volt;  at  three  hours,  1.318  volt. 
The  mean  internal  resistance  of  the 
cells  varied  from  .112  to  .161  ohm. 


Russia's  Metal  Resources. 


The  Glasgow  Herald  says:  "  In  the 
province  of  Daghestan,  in  the  Russian 
Caucasus,  rich  deposits  of  quicksilver 
have  recently  been  discovered,  extend- 
ing almost  throughout  the  district  of 
Kjurinsk.  The  mercury  is  found  im- 
bedded in  large  sandstone  blocks,  and 
is  of  great  purity.  In  different  parts 
of  the  district  other  metals — such  as 
lead,  zinc,  copper,  sulphur  and  cobalt — 
have  been  met  with,  and  the  natives 
have  found  at  various  places  sand  con- 
taining a  large  percentage  of  gold  and 
a  kind  of  yellow  enamel  color.  Samples 
of  these  minerals  have  been  sent  to  St. 
Petersburg  for  analysis.  Russia  also 
contains  about  ten  districts,  mostly 
situate  in  the  Ural  mountains,  where 
the  gold-washers  find  diamonds  every 
now  and  then.  The  Ministry  of  Agri- 
culture have  sent  to  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope  for  the  supply  of  thirty-nine 
crude  diamonds  in  the  matrix,  it 
being  assumed  that  if  the  miners  knew 
how  the  crude  stones  look  diamond 
finds  would  be  much  more  numerous." 


The  man  who  deliberately  takes 
work  below  cost  for  the  sake  of  hand- 
ling money  is  dishonest,  and  he  who 
does  the  same  through  ignorance  may 
be  forgiven  for  the  first  offense;  but  if 
he  cannot  help  making  such  a  mistake 
a  second  time  he  should  get  out  of 
business.  Durin  g  the  dull  times  through 
which  we  have  been  passing  I  can  quite 
understand  how  a  man  might  be 
tempted  to  estimate  low  for  the  pur- 
pose of  keeping  things  moving.  The 
great  trouble  of  this  practice,  how- 
ever, is  that  customers  will  want  these 
low  prices  continued  when  times  get 
better  and  presses  are  needed  for  more 
profitable  work.  Cutting  prices  is 
easy,  but  restoring  them  is  a  harder 
matter,  even  if  it  can  be  accomplished 
at  all. — American  Bookmaker. 


The  most  extensive  salt  miues  in  the 
world  are  located  at  Wieliczka,  nine 
miles  from  Cracow,  an  Austrian  city,  in 
the  crown  land  of  Galicia.  These 
mines  are  worked  on  four  different  lev- 
els and  have  a  total  length  of  forty  to 
fifty  mjles, 


!  RUPTURE! 

IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia — commonly  called 
rupture — was  incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  is  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  86  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  cauges  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  auy  time  only  while  in  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


-♦  THE  -f- 


Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J.  F.  KEMP.A.  B.,E.  M.,  Professor  of  Geology, 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 

Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  Hew 

Illustrations. 

A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coasi.  Sent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $4.00.    Address 

Mining;  and  Scientific  Press, 

230  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN  A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  H0R5E  POWER  USEDTHAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  — «— ' 

CAPACITIES  £f°  J°"s)  d'^eiTent 

PER  HOUR.  )        SIZES. 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY    DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,   King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 


Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinery . 

GATES  IRON  WORKS  Sc^.^S: 


St. 

A. 


NEW    YORK.  LONDON,   E.   C. 

136    LIBERTY   ST.  73   A    QUEEN    VICTORIA    ST. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO, 
B    CALLE    OE    GANTE. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,    -    -    -    -    New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming -    Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado  830 City  of  Mexico 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


February  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


blacksmith   entei 
returns   with    u 


the 
long 
It  is  covered 


Where  Cash   is  Scarce. 

Scene,  A  village  blacksmith  simp  in 
Bergen  i  ounty,  X.  J.,  up  near  the  New 
York  Stair  line. 

The  village  blacksmith  and  1 1  i  —  helper 
have  just  finished  their  day's  work. 
The  latter  stops  to  lock  the  shop, 
while  the  Eormer  proceeds  homeward. 
He  has  disappeared  around  the  corner, 

when   he    suddenly    reappears,    mi    tin- 
dead   run.     "Hi.     there,      he    Bhouts, 
Don't  lurk  up  yet  '    Wail  a  minute  ! 
"Forgot     something?"     asks     the 
helper. 
•■  Yes." 
What?" 
'The  safe. 
■•in,  ! 

The    brawny 

shop  and  soon 

board   on    his   shoulder 

with  chalk  marks. 

"  What  is  thai  for  ?  "  I  ask. 
My  safe." 

"  Your  what  ?  ' 

"  My  safe 

I  know  him  well,  and  I  accompany 
him  towards  his  home,     On  the  way  he 

i".  plains. 

He    has    shod    and    ■'  sharpened,"  he 

and  his  helper,  thirty-eight  horses  dur- 
ing the  day  Been  on  the  jump  from 
.aily  dawn  until  nightfall.  Had  work 
h  to  keep  him  in  the  shop  all 
night,  but  he  needs  rest.  Now  is  the 
busy  season.  Cold  weather  always 
brings  a  rush.  Horses  must  be  shod 
and  old  shoes  sharpened  to  guard 
against  the  slipperiness  of  the  roads. 

"  Ynii  should  grow  wealthy,"  I  ven- 
ture.  "  How  much  do  you  charge  per 
horse '.'  " 

■■  l-'r *-'    to    *1.')<)    for    the    four 

shoes." 

"  According  to  that  you  have  made 
in  the  neighborhood  of  a  hundred  dol- 
lars to-day." 

"  Yes,"  says  he,  "and  it's  all  on  that 
board.  I  chalk  it  there  to  save  time 
and  then  transcribe  it  into  my  books 
when  I  get  home." 

"  Nobody  pay  you  ?  " 

He  looked  startled. 

"  One  man  wanted  to  pay  me,"  he 
said,  "but  it's  Friday,  and  I  was 
afraid  to  take  the  money.  I  didn't 
dare  to  break  in  on  the  monotony  of  the 
.lavs  proceedings." 

"  Will  they  ever  pay  you  ?  "  T  ask. 

"  ( ih.  1  suppose  so.  Some  are  good, 
some  bad.  We  take  their  word  for  it. 
Everybody  does  hereabouts." 

1  ascertained  these  assertions  to  be 
true  by  interviewing  the  tradesmen. 
(  me  merchant  showed  me  his  books, 
which  proved  that  he  had  $10,000  out- 
standing. 

"  I  get  it  in  driblets,"  said  he.  "  Tn 
some  eases  I  let  the  people  work  it 
out.  In  others  I  take  butter,  eggs, 
milk,  etc.,  in  part  payment  of  the 
debt. 

"  Some  of  our  people  never  think  of 
paying  for  anything  they  get.  When 
one  tradesman  shuts  down  on  them 
they  go  to  another,  and  thus  run 
through  the  whole  gamut.  When  they 
have  exhausted  their  credit  in  this 
town  they  go  to  the  next  town,  and  so 
on.  By  the  time  they  have  run 
through  all  the  adjoining  towns  the 
local  merchants  have  been  compelled 
to  sell  out,  and  the  '  free  traders ' 
strike  the  newcomers  and  begin  it  all 
over  again. 

"  There  is  very  little  money  in  circu- 
lation in  any  of  these  country  towns," 
continued  the  speaker.  "Some  time 
ago  I  marked  a  ten-dollar  note  and  got 
it  changed  at  the  store  of  one  of  my 
neighbors.  The  butcher,  the  baker, 
the  saloonkeeper,  and  so  on,  brought 
that  bill  to  me  at  frequent  intervals  ta- 
me to  change.  It  remained  in  town 
for  several  months,  and  then  I  finally 
banked  it.  Blamed  if  it  didn't  come 
back  even  then.  A  citizen  here  paid  it 
to  me.  He  had  received  it  in  change 
in  a  New  York  clothing  store.  I  have 
framed  it  now." 


Market  for  American   Woods. 


Eugene  Germain,  United  States  con- 
sul at  Zurich,  has  been  collecting  a 
mass  of  information  from  Swiss  manu- 
facturers, builders  and  shipwrights  as 
to  the  possibilities  for  American  woods 


Power, 
/lining,    Hilling, 
Smelting,    Concentration 
and  Leaching  Hachinery;  Re= 
turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me= 
chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines, 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried= 
ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines 
Cornish  Pumps,   Roots   Blowers,  Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,  Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers 
Crushing   Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes  ' 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional' 
machinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 
Concrete  Mixers,   Heavy  Ha= 
chinery  and   Mine    Sup= 
plies.  -  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 

Branch  Offices:   2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Mex.; 

527  17th  St.,  Denver,   Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

♦♦♦  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦+♦ 
OFFICE    /\IND     \A/ORKS:      34     and     3<5    Main     Street,     San     Francisco,    Cal. 


in  Switzerland,  and  this  he  has  em- 
bodied in  a  report  to  the  State  Depart- 
ment, giving  in  great  detail  the  needs 
of  each  trade,  prices  current  and  other 
facts,  all  tending  to  establish  his  con- 
clusion that  there  is  an  excellent  open- 
ing in  that  country  for  American 
woods,  provided  they  are  of  the  first 
quality.  The  consul  gives  the  names  of 
Swiss  importing  houses  that  would  be 
willing  to  undertake  this  business  upon 
commission,  and  thus  displace  the 
woods  now  received  from  Hungary, 
Oermany  and  England. 

Without  the  power  of  attaching 
other  men  to  his  interests,  a  foreman 
cannot  successfully  regulate  his  work- 
shop. In  such  cases  he  comes  to  be 
regarded  as  a  mere  task  maker — an  en- 
emy to  be  beaten  rather  than  a  friend 
to  be  assisted,  and  the  employer  suffers 
from  his  moral  defects.  The  possession 
of  the  attribute  named,  above  and  be- 
yond the  practical  skill  and  scientific 
requirements  previously  referred  to, 
will,  in  ninety-nine  cases  out  of  the 
hundred,  gain  the  friendship  of  the  em- 
ployer as  well  as  of  the  work-people, 
and  thus  the  life  of  the  foreman  will  be 
made  not  only  endurable,  but  happy. 
No  sadder  picture  can  be  imagined 
than  that  of  an  unprincipled  man  in- 
trusted with  absolute  power. —  Jos. 
Newton. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

I  Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  4®"Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

611   and  013  FRONT  ST.,  San  Franolfico,  Cal. 


P.  &  B.  PAINT. 

— *  *h™i"*»'y  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof.  **. 

For  CHLORINATION  WORKS  and    Preserving  Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


R.  &  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  Hi^&iES^£ 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 


220  Market  St., 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of 'the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with,  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary and  record  of  original  eases  in  our  office,  we  hive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  uf  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free-on  receipt  of  postage,    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.F, 


12(> 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


February  23,  1896. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  Feb.  21,  1895. 

Silver  again  passed  beyond  the  60  cent  limit 
during  the  week,  a  dullness  in  the  foreign  cop- 
per market  interfering  with  sales.  During 
last  month  copper  -was  so  much  cheaper  in 
London  than  in  New  York,  that  one  French 
company  bought  1200  tons  in  the  latter  city. 
Lead  is  unchanged. 

At  last  a  premium  is  announced  on  gold — 
three-eighths  of  one  per  cent.  This  was  on 
Monday,  and  was  occasioned  by  the  scarcity 
caused  by  the  demaDd  for  the  new  U.  S.  bonds. 
The  premium  is  not  likely  to  be  permanent. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,   Feb.   21.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 

19@20c;  American,  9.50@12.50c. 

COPPER— Brokers',  9%c;  exchange,    9.90c. 

LEAD— Brokers',  S3. 02%;    exchange,    $3.10. 

TIN— Straits,  13%c;  plates, c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  S3.20. 

New  York  Prices. 

New  York,  Feb. 21. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week: 


-Silver  in , 

London.    N.  Y. 

my, 

59  Yi 

m% 

60% 
6054 
60'/s 


Copper. 

9  75 

10  00 


Lead. 
3  02/4 
3  02>4 


9  75 


3  02 


Friday 27% 

Saturday 27M 

Monday 27VS 

Tuesday S7M 

Wednesday Zt%. 

Thursday 27% 

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 5c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 7^c 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.88 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.89 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 60}4 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 


San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY, 
eilb —    ©      10 

BORAX. 

ReHned,  in  car  lots —    @       5^ 

Powdered,         "     —    @       hy2 

Concentrated,  "      —    @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @     — 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 21    @     — 

Ingot,  jobbing —    @      16 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @      14 

TIN  PLATE. 

Par  bx 5  25    ©6  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00   ©16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00   ©18  00 

STEEL. 
English,  lb 14    ©      16 

NAILS. 

Wire $2  90 

Cut 2  65 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 15    @    16  00 

ZINC. 
Sheet 8M@ 

LEAD. 

Pig —    ©      390 

Bar —    @     4  20 

Sheet —    ©     5  25 

Pipe —    ©     4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs.  ..$1  20 

Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "...  145 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,      "  "...  145 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    © 

COAL. 

SPOT  PROM   YARD— PER  TON. 


7  50 


TO  ARRIVE: — PER  TO 

N. 

7  00 

6  50 

7  00 
9  00 

ESALE. 
17  00 

© 
© 
@ 
® 
© 
© 
@ 

50  \ 
© 
@ 

CardiU 

COKE. 

© 

@ 
® 
© 

LUMBER. 
SAN  FRANCISCO  —  WHOL 

Redwood,  Fluming 

Pine 

6  25 

5  75 

6  00 
5  50 
8  00 

13  50 

7  00 

8  00 

7  50 

8  50 


H  bbl 

10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


18  00 
30  00 


Mining  Share  Market. 

San  Francisco,  Feb.  21,  1895. 

The  stocks  were  stronger  during  the  early 
part  of  the  week,  the  demand  exceeding  the 
supply.  On  Wednesday  prices  fell  off  again, 
the  shorts  making  the  usual  effort,  despising 
not  the  day  of  small  things. 

For  the  first  time  since  June,  'S9,  the  Eu- 
reka Con.  levies  an  assessment.  It  used  to  be 
a  good  dividend  producer,  having  paid  ten 
dollars  in  dividends  to  one  dollar  it  has  ever 
assessed. 

The  remote  probability  of  the  Hale  &  Nor- 
cross  mine  getting  some  money  from  a  judg- 
ment in  one  of  the  Fox  suits  gave  the  stock  a 
lift  early  in  the  week.  Work  in  the  mine  has 
been  resumed. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Standard  Con- 
solidated Mining  Company  of  Bodie,  last 
Monday,  7(5,641  shares  of  the  capital  stock 
were  represented. 

The  following  directors  were  elected: 
Thomas  H.  Leggett,  William  Borrowe,  P.  M. 
Lilienlhai,  A.  P.    Brayton  and  J.  W.  Pew  of 


San  Francisco,  and  W.  H.  Oscanyon  and  C.  H. 
Badeau  of  New  York. 

During  the  past  year  the  receipts  of  the 
Standard  Consolidated,  including  balances 
carried  over,  aggregated  S259, 790. 53;  disburse- 
ments, §206,605.44,  four  quarterly  dividends 
of  ten  cents  each,  amounting  to  $37,805.60  in- 
cluded; balance  on  hand,  §53,185.09.  Another 
quarterly  dividend  of  ten  cents  per  share  was 
declared,  payable  March  20th. 

C.  H.  Fish,  president  Con.  California  &  Vir- 
ginia, is  visiting  the  Comstock.  It  is  ex- 
pected when  the  new  survey  of  the  late  work- 
ings is  finished  that  an  increase  in  the  force 
in  the  mine  will  be  made  and  active  prospect- 
ing carried  on. 

D.  C.  Bates  has  been  elected  director  of  the 
Con.  New  York  Mining  Company,  vice  C.  C. 
Harvey,  deceased. 

Superintendent  Boyle  of  the  Alta  announces 
the  shipment  of  bullion  valued  at  $10,500, 
being  the  cleanup  of  the  recent  run  of  the 
mill. 

The  directors  of  the  National  Lead  Company 
declared  a  quarterly  dividend  of  1%  per  cent 
on  the  preferred  stock,  payable  March  15th. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 


Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion 

Challenge » 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point 

Exchequer 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 


Sierra  Nevada.. 

Union 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket.. 


50 
255 


74 
1  45 


42 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  Feb.  21, 1895 
9:30  a.  m.  session. 

250  Alpha  Con 07 

300Alta 31 

100  Belcher 37 

50  Benton  Con 60 

100  Best  &  Belcher. . .    77 

300Bodie 85 

200  Chollar 50 

150  C.  C.  V 2  55 

300  Crown  Point 40 

20 42 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:  30  P.  M, 


100  Gould  &  Curry.... 
500  Hale  &  Norcross. . 

100  Mexican 

1000  Occidental 

50  Ophir 

100  Savage 

100  Seg  Belcher 

60  Sierra  Nevada 

200  Yellow  Jacket 


400  Alpha  Con  07 

300  Andes 23 

100  Belcher. 

100 

300  Best  &  Belcher. 

100  Bodie. 

100  Bonanza 

200 

150  Bullion 08 

500  Chollar 49 

400 50 


400ConCal  &  Va 2 

120 2 

200  Crown  Point 

500H&  N 

100  Mexican 

50 

50  Ophir 1 

100  Savage 

100  Seg  Belcher 

200  Sierra  Nevada... . 

50I7nionCon 


List  of  U.   S.  Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported   by  Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  CoaBt. 


FOR  WEEK  ENDING  FEBRUARY  12,  1895. 

534,196.— Amalgamator— A.  &  J.  W.  Carlson,  La- 

grande,  Ogn. 
533,870.— Pipe  Fastener— H.  N.  Davies,  Rockford, 

Wash. 
533,886.— Straw  Burner— F.  Girtanner,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 
533,891.— Sash    Fastener— J.  E.    Hartmann.   Ta- 

coma,  Wash. 
533,901.— Plant  Support— J.  E.  Hutchinson,  S.  F. 
534,119.— Lathe—  Matthew    &   Collier,    Tacoma, 

Wash. 
534,226.— Bill  File,  Etc.— T.  F.  McGarry,  Pasa- 
dena, Cal. 
534,002.— Bo ilee—D.  J.  Perkins,  Truckee,  Cal. 
534,014.— Animal  Trap— J.  Sherrett,  Norfolk,  Ogn. 
24,041.— Design  — Hame  Hook  — N.    S.  Wilson, 
Meridian,  Cal. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  In  the  shortest  time  possible 
(by  mall  for  telegraphic  order).  American  and 
Foreign  patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  busi- 
ness for  Pacific  Coast  Inventors  transacted  with 
perfect  security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the 
shortest  possible  time. 


Justinian  Caire. 


The  above  is  a  name  familiar  to  many  miners 
on  this  coast  who  for  years  have  had  him  pro- 
vide them  with  mining  and  milling  suppLies 
for  placer,  quartz  or  drift  mining,  operations, 
years  of  successful  experience  enabling  him 
to  supply  everything  in  that  line  of  a  guar- 
anteed quality  and  at  a  low  rate.  One  of  his 
specialties  is  the  silver  plated  amalgamating 
plate,  which  is  in  such  high  favor  among  mill 
men.  Each  plate  is  made  of  the  best  soft 
Lake  Superior  copper,  guaranteed  to  have  full 
weight  of  silver,  and  made  throughout  in  the 
best  manner. 

In  assayers'  and  chemists'  supplies  his  stock 
is  complete.  Among  other  things  he  furnishes 
a  §90  outfit  for  prospectors,  comprising  all 
requisite  chemical  apparatus  for  ordinary  re- 
quirements. Besides  being  agent  of  the  San 
Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works,  he  also 
has  on  hand  a  large  stock  of  the  latest  im- 
proved drawing  instruments,  carries  a  full 
supply  of  brass,  steel  and  iron  wire  screens, 
optical  instruments,  chemicals,  reagents,  bone 
ash,  commercial  acids,  copperas,  bluestone, 
litharge,  etc.,  and  makes  a  specialty  of  cy- 
anide of  potassium.  Furnaces,  cupels,  Eng- 
lish, French  and  German  glass  and  porcelain 
ware,  crucibles,  assay  weights  and  balances, 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Every  Tlmrsdav  from  Advertisements  in  toe  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Francisco  Journals. 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Levied,  Delinq't  and  Slle.  Secretary. 

.  .Feb    18,  Mar  ■£>,  Apr  17 Geo  R  Spinney,  310  Pine 

. .  Jan   31,  Feb  26,  Mar  21 R  R  Grayson.  331  Pine 

.  Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  16 CL  McCoy,  Mills  Building 

..Jan     9  Feb  13,  Mar    6 A  S  Grotb,  414  California 

.  .Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  17 Chas  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

..Jan   15,Feb  16,  Mar  11 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  11 H  P Bush,  134  Market 

..Jan    8,  Feb  28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

..Jan    17,  Feb  19,  Mar  12 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..Jan  21,  Mar    6,  April  5 W  W  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

.  .Feb   13,  Mar  20,  Apr  10 J  Stadtfeld,  Jr.,  309  Montgomery 

..Feb     9,  Mar  14,  Apr    3 R  E  Kelly,  309  Mootgomery 

..Dec  31,  Feb   11,  April  3. .John  H  Isham,  room  33.  Mills  Bldg. 

..Jan    16,  Feb  20,  Mar  11 E  L  Parker. 309  Montgomery 

..Jan    25,Mar    4.  Mar  22 "W  H  Schmidt,  207  East 


Company  and  Location.  No.    Amt. 

Booth  G  M  Co,  Cal 5. . . .  2c. . 

Bullion  M  Co,  Ney 44. . .  10c. . 

Challenge  Con,  Nev 18. . . .  5c. . 

Confidence  S  M  Co,  Nev 25. . .  .30c. . 

Con  New  York,  Nev 13 5c. 

Crescent  M  Co,  Cal 1 ....  10c. . 

Eureka  Con,  Nev 13 25c. . 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev 1. ...  15c. . 

Gould  &  Curry  S  M  Co,  Nev. . .  .75. . .  .16c. . 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 26 10c. . 

Julia  Con  M  Co,  Nev 26. . . .  5c. . 

Justice  M  Co,  Nev 58. ...  10c. . 

Reed  M  &  M  Co,  Nev 1....  2c. 

Sierra  Nevada  S  M  Co,  Nev. .  .108. . .  .25c. . 
Standard  Gravel  Co,  Cal 1....12C. 


ELECTRICITY 

Mechanics;  Mechanical  Drawing;  Architecture;  Architectural  Drawing  and  Designing; 
Masonry;  Carpentry  and  Joinery;  Ornamental  and  Structural  Iron  Work;  Steam  Engineer- 
ina  (Stationary,  Locomotive  or  Marine);  Railway  Engineering;  Bridge  Engineering;  Munici- 
pal Engineering;  Plumbing  and  Heating;  Coed  and  Metal  Mxning;  Prospecting,  and  the 
English  Branches.  Until  further  notice  experimental  apparatus  will  he  furnished  free  to 
students.    Send  for  Free  Circular,  stating  the  subject  you  wish  to  study,  to 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranton,  Pa, 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates, 

These  castings  aijfe  extensively  used  In  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


Stamp  Cnm 


retorts,  etc.,  are  kept  in  full  stock.  The 
latest  and  most  reliable  text  hooks  on  chemi- 
cal and  metallurgical  subjects  are  kept  in 
stock.  His  place  of  business,  521  and  523 
Market  street,  San  Francisco,  is  headquarters 
for  the  trade,  and  the  purchasing  public  get 
the  benefit  of  the  closest  quotations  on  all 
articles  kept  in  stock. 


Assessment  Notices. 


FAIRFAX  VILLA  COMPANY.  —  Location  of 
principal  place  of  buBtnesB.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  workB,  Fairfax,  Marin  county, 
California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  thai  at  a  meeting-  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  19th  day  of  February. 
1895,  an  assessment,  No.  2,  of  one  hundred  dollars 
(S100)  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Stock 
of  the  Corporation,  payable  Immediately  in  United 
States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the 
Company,  Room  56,  No.  HUH  Montgomery  street,  San 
Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  26th  day  of  March,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  pavmenl  Is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TDESDAY,  the  16th  day  of  April,  1S95,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising1  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

J.  STADTFELD.  Jr..  Secretary. 

Office — Room  No.  5tf.  No  309  Montgomery  street. 
San  Francisco,  California. 


CHALLENGE  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  principal  place  of  business. 
San  Francisco.  California:  location  of  works,  Gold 
Hill,  Nevada. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  nineteenth  ilHth)  day 
of  February,  1S95.  an  assessment  (No.  18)  of  Five 
Cents  (5c)  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital 
stock  of  the  corporation,  payable  Immediately  In 
United  States  gold  coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office 
of  the  company.  Room  35,  third  floor.  Mills  Building, 
corner  Bush  and  Montgomery  streets,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  twenty-sixth  (26th)  day  of 
March.  1SH5,  will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for 
sale  at  public  auction,  and  unless  payment  is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  sixteenth 
(16th)  day  of  April,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent 
assessment,  together  with  cost  of  advertising  and 
expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

C.  L.  McCOY.  Secretary. 

Office— Room  35,  third  floor.  Mills  Building,  corner 
Bush  and  Montgomery  streets,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 


INYO  MARBLE  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA  - 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works  Invo  Invn 
County,  California.  '        ' 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  tin- 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  21at  day  of  January 
1895.  anasBeBSment  (No.  26)  of  ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  Immediately  In  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company 
Room  No.  13,  third  floor,  Mills  Building  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  6th  day  of  March,  1HH5.  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction:  and  imleBS  payment  is  made  before  will 
be  sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  5th  day  of  April,  1895,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  Bv  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

nffl»o_-prtrt      n>    HZ\  W.  SARGEANT.  Secretary. 
PiTn?ltc"?C?lifornlS.  '  MiUS  BulUlln^  San 

t>?£v  B^RT°N  LAND  AND  IMPROVEMENT  COM- 
PANY .-Location  of  principal  place  of  business 
San  Francisco,  California.  Location  of  works  In 
the  counties  of  Alameda  and  Santa  Clara  California 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  22d  dav  of  January 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  T)  of  12^  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  Slates  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company 
No.  214  Pine  street,  room  55.  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  28th  day  of  February  1895  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  al'puolic  auc- 
tion, and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
Bold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  dav  of  March  1895  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  n  l' 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

rr    ,„.JABEZ  HOWES,  Secretary. 

Office.  Room  55,  214  Pine  Street,  San  Franelsen 
California. 


BOOTH  GOLD  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  of 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Location  of  works.  Auburn,  Placer  county, 
California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  eighteenth  day  of 
February,  1895,  an  assessment  (No.  5)  of  Two  (2c) 
cents  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stoek 
of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United 
States  gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the 
company.  No.  310  Pine  street.  Room  No.  28,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  twenty-fifth  day  of  March.  1895, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  Is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  seventeenth  day  of 
April,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
sale.    Bv  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY.  Secretary. 

Office— No.  310  Pine  street,  Room  No.  28,  San  Fran- 
cisco. California. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION  hav- 
ing received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulie 
process  from  W.  Thomas  el  al.,  in  the  Central  Hill 
Mine,  Douglas  Flat.  Calaveras  Co.,  Cal..  to  Impound 
tailings  behind  stone  dams  in  ravines;  from  Gio- 
vanni Rossi,  in  the  Kate  Gray  Mine,  near  Volcano 
Amador  Co.,  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  behind  log 
and  brush  dams  below  mine;  from  J.  E  Newsom 
in  the  Shealor  Mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co  Cal ' 
to  Impound  tailings  benlnd  log,  rock  and  brush 
dam  in  Sutter  Creek;  from  Giani  Denmrtlnl  et  al  in 
the  Rail  Road  Hill  Gravel  Mine,  near  Fourth  Cross- 
ing. Calaveras  Co..  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  behind 
a  dam  on  flat  ground;  and  from  James  Slater,  in  his 
mine  near  Brownsville,  Yuba  Co..  Cal.,  to  impound 
tailings  behind  York  Mining  Co. 'a  dam.  gives  notice 
that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  Room  No.  92  Flood 
Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  Feb.  25th    18%    at 


U/ANTI 


f="0*R     G/ASH, 


BULLION  MINING  COMPANY.-Location  of  prin- 
cipal place  of  business,  San  Francisco.  California. 
Location  of  works,  Virginia  district,  Storey  county, 
Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  21sl  da.\  of  January, 
1895,  an  assessment.  iNo.  44)  of  10  cents  per  share  was 
sold  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  of  March,  1895. 
levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corporation, 
payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold  coin  to 
the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company,  Room 
21,  No.  331  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main uupaid  on  the  26th  day  of  February,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

R.  R.  GRAYSON.  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  21,  No.  331  Pine  street,  San  Francisco, 
California, 


Second-Hand  3 14 -Foot 

HUNTINGTON  MILL 

IN  GOOD  CONDITION. 

C,  Box  A,  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

A  Third  Edition  of  Selected  Portions    of  the 
"  Explorers',  Miners'  and  Metal- 
lurgists* Companion." 

By  J.  S.  PHILLLPS,  M.  E. 

A  practical  exposition  of  the  various  departments 
of  Geology.  Exploration,  Mining.  Engineerine  As- 
saying and  Metallurgy. 

The  work  is  divided  into  four  parts— Rocks  Veins 
Testing  and  Assaying.  The  geological  chapters  are 
intended  to  give  miners  a  practical  idea  of  the 
various  formations.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins 
are  derived  from  long  observation,  and  the  section 
on  exploration  has  been  carefully  considered.  Ali 
that  relates  to  discrimination  and  assay  has  been 
kept  as  free  from  formula  as  possible.  The  work 
Is  written  for  practical  men,  and  all  the  explana- 
tions and  dlacrlptlons  are  clear  and  to  the  point  It 
Is  bo  prepared  that  it  is  useful  to  uneducated  men 
as  well  as  scientists. 

Price  $0.00  postpaid.  Sold  by  THE  MINING  AND 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 


February   28     1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pr^ss. 


127 


Coast    Industrial    Notes. 


The  fity  savings  banks  hold  deposits  ag- 
gregating $11)0,000,000. 

A  carload  ol   salmon   la   being   daily   senl 

.  i .  -  .i       i  [arbor,  Wasb. 
vVatsonville,  Santa  Crux  *'<>.,  bas shipped 

►plea  t.»  England. 
The  Western  iron  and  Steal  Co.  Isaboul 
up  lis  Lake  View,  Wash.,  rolling  mill 
a  ii  it  136  men  at  work. 

ud  shipment  ol  a  cargo  ol  000,000  reel 

ol  lumber  to  Hawaii  has  beeu  made  fr Pari 

Angeles  for  the  Honolulu  Railroad. 

Dp  to  last  Tuesday  14,441  names  were  on 
the  registered  list  ol  the  unemployed  ui  the 
Bureau,  ttO  Eighth  street,  this  city. 

mbia  river   fishermen   will   hereafter 

pay  an  annual  License  <>(  from 

1200,  according  t<>  the  manner  ol  catching  fish. 

An    electric   line    bet weeu   Taooma   and 

Seattle  is   projected.    Between   tin*  railroad 

and  Sound  steamers   the  new  line  will  hardly 

munerutive. 

itor    While    lasl    Monday    presented 

rial    from   20,000  citizens  ol  southern 

California  requesting  the  earl]   construction 

i k ■.. at  er  al  San  Pedro. 

h    i     reported   in  Victoria  that  IS, 000, 000 

■i ■  ■.  'h    subscribed   in   Montreal   towards 

melter  ai    Naksup,  and   that  the 

cheme  is  backed  by  the  C.  lJ.  It. 

The  Canadian   Pacific   earnings    for    the 

ndlng    Febrimrj    7th,    were   1331,000 

agatnsl   1384,000  for  the  corresponding  period 

■  ■  rease  ol  158,000. 

,\  cumpaio  baa  been  organized  in  this  city, 

|]  inKi.MKt  L*apitaJ  stock,  with  a  view  to 

lull  represeniation  ol  California  manufactures 

;  I  ion  in  the  City  of  Mexico. 

■■  The  lumber  market  is  booming.     Sugar 

piue  la  uow  worl  b  aboul  $60  a  i  bousand  and  is 

-.tin   on   the   rl         Other  classes  of  Lumber 

,    too,"  says  the  Dunsmuir  News. 

\\.  L.  KeeneJE   Co.,  of  Vancouver,  have 

.i  for  a  line  of  sailing  vessels  to   leave 

1  every  fortnight,  carrying  non- 

uds    t"   Voncouver   and    B.    C. 

The   Suit  hern    California   Railway  Co., 
ago  changed  from  wood  to 

coal,  hi      al completed    arrangements    for 

locomotive  steam   making   by    burning  crude 
petroleum. 

-ii  is  estimated  by  hotel  and  railroad  men 
i  hut  there  are  20,000  visitors  already  in  south- 
ern California,  and  that  the  present  severity 
m|  Eastern  weather  will  nearly  if  not  quite 
double  that   number. 

One  hundred  thousand  negroes  will  leave 
Uabama,  Georgia  and  Louisiana  tor  northern 
Mexico  in  the  next  few  months.  A  colony 
has  been  rounded  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Mexican  '  lovernment. 

ii.  annual  Piesta  or  Carnival  at  Los  An- 
geles, Cal.,  will  take  place  this  year  from  the 
loth  to  bhe20thof  April,  comparingin  splendor 
and  interest  with  the  Carnival  of  Home  or 
the  New  Orleans  Mardi  Gras. 

The  Seattle   &  Lake  Washington  VVater- 
i    impany  will  mass  its  excavating  plant. 
The  dredger  now  in  use  at  Olympia  and   the 

at  Portland  will  be  brought  into  requisi- 
tion. The  latter  machine  was  built  at  a  cost 
t  S124,000. 

The  San  Francisco  owners  of  the  big  Port 
Discovery,  Wash.,  mill,  whose  machinery  has 
beeu  idle  fur  several  years,  have  arranged  for 
the  outlay  of  $100,000  in  improvements  and 
working  capital,  and  the  mill  will  soon  be  oper- 
ated at  its  full  capacity  of  300,000  feet  "daily. 

—Surveyor-General  W.  S.  Green  calls  for 
bida  tor  the  resurvey  of  three  southern  Cali- 
fornia forest  reserves— 173  miles  to  establish 
the  lines  of  the  San  Bernardino  forest  reserve, 
154  miles  for  the  San  Gabriel  and  forty  miles 
for  the  Trabuco  Canyon  reserve— according  to 
executive  proclamation. 

—San  Francisco  is  soon  to  inaugurate  an 
industry  that  has  hitherto  been  confined  in 
this  country  to  New  York  City— ttaatof  whale- 
bone  cutting.  While  much  of  the  world's 
supply  of  whalebone  is  landed  here  from  the 
whaling  ships,  it  has  hitherto  all  been  sent  to 
New  York  and  London  to  be  cut  for  use. 

—The  White  River  Water  Power  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  in  New  Jersey,  with  a  $2,- 
lil)ll,000  capital  stock,  to  build  an  immense 
electric  power  plant  in  northwestern  Wash- 
ington.    It  is  intended  to  tap  the  White  river 


near  Buckley,  and  carry  the  water  in  an  open 
ditch  to  Lake  Tapps,  near  Sumner,  where  a 
storage  reservoir  will  he  built.  From  there 
the  water  will  have  a  450-foot  fall  to  the 
power  house,  where  it  is  intended  to  have  a 
generator  capable  of  developing  35,000-horse 
power. 

The  Treasury  Department  decides  that  on 
the  exportation  of  steel  rails  measuring 
twenty  feet  in  length  and  weighing  twelve 
pounds  to  the  running  yard,  manufactured  by 
the  racitic  Rolling  Mills  wholly  from  imported 

steel  blooms,  a  drawback  will  he  allow  i,i  .  hi;,!: 

In  amount  to  the  duty  paid   on   the  Imported 

material  used  in  the  manufacture,  less  the 
Legal  deduction  of  one  percent.  The  quantity 

of  the  material  SO  used  may  be  determined  bv 

adding  to  the  net  weight  of  the  exported  rails 

I  ten  per  cent  of  such  weight. 

Lasl  Tuesday  the  California  Wine 
Makers-  Corporation  sold  to  the  California 
Wine  Association  19,000,000  gallons  of  wine  at 
twelve  and  one-half  oents  per  gallon— the 
largest  transaction  of  the  kind  in  the  history 
of  the  country.  The  wine  dealers  also  bought 
six  large  wineries,  situated  at  St.  Helena, 
Napa,  Livermore,  San  .Jose,  Glen  Ellen  and 
Esparto.  Bv  the  terms  of  the  contract  4.000, - 
000  gallons  are  to  be  delivered  and  paid  for 
this  year,  at  the  price  named,  and  5,000,000 
gallons  in  each  of  the  succeeding  three  years, 
at  the  then  ruling  rate. 

Evidence  of  the  extent  to  which  our 
wheat  trade  with  Germany  has  suffered  by 
the  competition  of  the  Argentine  Republic  is 
contained  in  a  report  to  the  State  Department 
by  Frank  H.  Mason,  United  States  consul- 
general  at  Frankfort,  uixni  the  German  wheat 
Imports  for  the  past  three  years.  In  1892  the 
United  States  shipped  to  Germany  6,303,130 
tons  of  wheat.  The  next  year  this  dropped  to 
8,149,282  tons,  and  in  ls*.M  the  imports  were 
but  3,054,069  tons.  Meanwhile  Argentine 
seemed  to  have  gained  about  what  we  lost  of 
th  s  trade,  for  the  imports  of  wheat  from  that 
country  into  Germany,  amounting  in  1892  to 
but  661,697  tons,  had  swelled  in  1898  to  1,513, 
961  tons  and  in  ism  to  3,196,190  tons. 

—  W.  F.  de  Lund,  who  is  connected  with 
the  Lower  California  Pearl  Fishing  Company, 
reports  that  the  past  season  has  been  quite 
successful.  The  company  has  a  number  of 
schooners  and  forty  launches,  each  of  the  latter 
being  equipped  with  machinery  and  diving  ap- 
paratus. About  h"00  men  are  employed  by  the 
company,  and  they  fish  for  1000  miles  along 
the  border  line  of  Guatemala,  around  the 
coast  of  Oaxaca  and  Guerrero,  and  up  to  the 
mouth  of  the  Colorado  river  in  the  Gulf  of 
California.  Quite  a  number  of  pearls  were 
found  this  year,  seme  of  them  being  very 
large.  One  weighed  17  carats,  another  15, 
another  12  and  still  another  10.  The  pearls 
are  white,  black,  and  different  shades  of  green 
and  blue— the  green  and  blue  pearls  being 
found  in  no  other  fisheries  in  the  world,  and 
they  are  very  valuable. 

— John  S.  Morgan  of  Selby,  gave  an  exhibi- 
tion on  the  bay  this  week,  of  his  new  device 
of  driving  a  vessel  over  the  surface  of  the 
water  without  paddles,  sails,  wheels  or  pro- 
peller. His  launch,  the  Eleanor,  has  a  gaso- 
line 0  H.  P.  engine,  and  steams  seven 
knots  an  hour.  Water  is  injected  through 
valves  in  the  bottom  of  the  boat  amidships, 
and  forced  out  through  an  inch  and  a  quarter 
pipe  in  the  stern.  The  delivery  tube  is  below 
the  surface,  and  the  resistance  which  the  re- 
jected stream  meets  when  it  encounters  the 
dead  water  outside  pushes  the  boat  ahead. 
Mr.  Morgan  claims  that  his  method  of  ejecting 
the  water  by  a  single-action  pump,  in  a  suc- 
cession of  separate  strokes,  is  au  improvement 
over  the  continuous  stream  experimented  upon 
by  the  marine  engineers  who  have  been  at- 
tempting this  new  means  of  propulsion.  The 
boat  can  be  stopped  or  backed  by  reversing 
the  current  passing  through  the  hull  and  driv- 
ing it  out  through  the  bottom  valves,  the  di- 
rection of  their  insertion  being  such  that  the 
ejected  water  is  driven  toward  the  boat's 
head. 


ROR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  iron,  lead  lined. 
1  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time.    For  sale 
cheap.    Address       L.  C.  S.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Office,  S.  P. 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.N.JEHU,     -     -     •     -     Proprietor. 

Successor  io  .li-liu  3t  Ogden. 

.  688   Montgomery  Street)  Ban  Francisco. 

Rooms  t\\  and  17  Montgomery  Block. 

>  Ore    Assays.    Analyses    ol    .Minerals,   Melals  ( 
and  their  Alloys,  Kte. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


J  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  j 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 
}  Surveying-.  Architecture,  Drawing  and  AaBaylng. 
723  Murki't  St.,  Sun  Francisco,  Cal. 
OFHK  Al,l,  VtiAtt. 
A.  VAN  DEB  NAILLEN,  President. 
i  Assaying  of  Oivt).  ¥25;  Bullion  iind  Clilorinatlon 
Assay.  ¥"~';"i;   liluW)>i|M'  Ahkiiv,  fill.     Pull  Course 
of  ABsayhuT.  Ml).    Established  l.mvi, 
— "  Send  for  Circular. 


J    JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor!    J 


upon 


itmhmtion,  Siirv . ,. 
(  EUlneff,  Draiimgi 

\  Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes- 
(  tic  use.  irrigation,  and  the  production  of 
C  power.  General  Surveying  of  ;iil  kinds,  and 
(  pl:ins  prepared.  Construction  work  superln- 
<  tended,  Correspondence  solicited. 
Ren.- ©£S  Linden, Kj.,  Oakland 


<  ) 


Cal. 


Almarin  B.   Paul,  M.   E., 
Mining;  Operator, 

ROOM  ft.  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sta.,  San  Francisco.] 

Will  give  attention  io  the  sale  of  and  report- 
ing on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  * 
procuring  of  suitable   Machinery  for  Interest  * 
in  Developed  Mines. 

Plans  and    Estimates   made    for   IMPROVED  ( 
CYANIDE    PROCESS    PLANTS,  and  competent  ■ 

istruction    for   working  the  same  on  a  large, 
practical  scale 


No.  ~IS  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and   Market  fits.,  Sao  Francisco.  ( 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  18W. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

ASSAYING     IN      ALL     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)    MADE. 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  rurnished  i 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  i 
ores. 

SPECIAL    ATTENTION    paid    to  examina-  t 
lions     of    mines;     plans    and    reports    fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


!  Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Paciiic  Northwest.) 

'  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

»  "Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at  < 

Law.'1 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "Title  and  [ 
Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper,  ( 
Coal,  iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  , 
IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know,  ( 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources  , 
of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
estly given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street, 

Tacoma.  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


SISKIYOU 

QUARTZ  AND  PLACER 

Gold  Mines. 


Parties  desiring  to  Invest   [n  paying   quart?  or 
placer  Kohl  mines  or  iu    undeveloped    mines   ol 

demonstrated  merit,  in  Si-.kiv.iii  county,  will  learn 
ol  several  excel  leu  i  chances  for  safe  and  profitable 
investment  by  addressing 

G.  B.  ROBERTSON,  Attorney-at-Law, 


YREKA.  CAL. 


Reference  by  permission  in 


Siskiyou  Count  v  Hank 

Hon.  John  Daggett,  Supt.  Mint. 


Yrelta,  Cal 
Sau  Frauolsoo 


The  Oriental  Gas  Engine 

is  THE  BEST  be- 
cause    i>     combines 

simplicity  of  con- 
struction with  power 
and  economy  of  space. 
It  can  be  run  with 
natural  or  manufac- 
tured gas  or  gasoline 
ai  a  cost  ol  80  to  95 

cents  per  horse  power 
per  day. 

it  can  be  used  ror 

pumping  purposes,  as 
well  as  for  all  pur- 
poses where  a  perfect 
engine  is  required, 
with  the  advantage 
of  lessening  the  risk 
of  explosions,  No 
licensed  engineer  at 
a  high  salary  needed 
to  operate  it. 

Send  for  circulars 
and  prices  if  a  good 
safe  engine  is  w  hal 
you  need. 

The  Oriental  Launch  is  Perfection. 
M.  A.   GRAHAM, 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer, 
105  Heale  Street San  Francisco, 


*  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

1  IO  A  112  BKALE  STREET,  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps.    +    Steam  Engines. 
.     .     All  Kind*  of  MACHINERY.     .     , 


Krogh  M'f  g  Co., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 
Milling    Pumps.    Pan    Staves,  Leaching;  Tanks 


tnd  a1«c>  the  famous 


Krogh  Mining   Hoist  ! 

The  best  and  cheapest  on  the  market,  and  for 

strength  and  durability  unsurpassed. 

Send  for  Catalogue.       51  Beale  St.,  San  Prancisco. 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

-    IT   REDUCED    PRICES.  — ■  ■ 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
eplaled.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OP  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

^-^aaaS^^^  Incorporated.  -^^SSSBm^-^' 

«-  send  for  circulars.  68,  ro  and  ?2  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,  a^i 

521  aud  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 


-DEALER  IN- 


Assayers'  and. 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH, 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


HINE  m  bell  m  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force   in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 


ROR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  12  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  F OR  IN 
the  Voorhies  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March  8,  1893.  The  law  is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniterm  System  of  Mine  Bell  Signalsto  Be  Used  m  All  Mines  Opera  ed  in  the 
Slate  or  California,  tor  the  Protection  of  Miners."  We  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  cloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  50  cents  a  copy.  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market 
Street,  Sau  Francisco.  Cal. 


128  Mining  and  Scientific  Press;  February  23,  ms. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Addressi     "RISDO>'S"     San     Francisco. 

<^ss^riANUFACTURERS    0FS^^^- 

Johnston's  Concentrator,      ^y^L^^\^ 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  Air  Compressors, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 

******  THE     PRICES  ****** 


Ingcrsoll-Sargcant »  Drills  and  Compressors 

HAVE     BEEN     REDUCED.  I 

^^aaBBS^f^  SEND  FOE  CATALOGUE  AND  ESTIMATE  TO  -"^SBsno— ^ 

PARKE  &   LACY  CO.,   Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  CoastJ 

21    and    ;23     Fremont    Street,    Satin    Francisco,    Cal. 

The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Established  I860.  Reliance  Works. 

BRANCH    OFFICES: 

Crushers,  Hoists, 

San  Francisco,  Cal SI  Main  Street. 

D     1 1  D-  B-  HANSON,  Manager.  D 

K°"S»  Denver,  Col 1316  Eighteenth  Street  "UITipS, 

_  ,  W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent.  „ 

"     '  New  York  City 26    Cortlandt  Street.  '        ' 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

J'SS.  Chicago,  111 509  Home  Ins.  Building.         COITipreSSOrS, 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

COnCenTTaTOrS,  Minneapolis,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange.        DOUeTS, 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Screens,  ■. . Etc.,  Etc. 

Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 

MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  HACHINERY 


Unioin   Iron  Works, 

CORNER    FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS,         =  SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 

maiNUFACTURERS      Of 

MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY,^ 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  Mills. 

Manty  Chili  Mills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  Water  Wheel, 

PUflfVPS-Cornish  and  Other,        C<       Iper  and  Lead  Eurnaces,        All  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^az^>SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDF      j  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  D0CK.<^sss^ 

NEW  YOKK  OFFICE:     I4S    OR    ^DYA/M-V.  CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNIOIN." 


THE  PELTW*  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  flachinery 

/^"^^^►For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity. -^^^^^"\ 
ELECTRIC     POWER     TRAINSTVUSSIOIN  ! 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  running  every  station  of  this  character  in  the  entire  West.    An  experience  of  more   than  12  years  in  planning  and  executing  water  power  plants  affords  assurance  that  all  work 
furnished  will  be  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  the  case,  and  give  the  best  possible  results  under  existing  conditions. 

^^anOSS^^  CATALOGUES  FURNISHED  UPON  APPLICATION.  ^KKyrrm,.    ^ 

THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


#>^j A  TsJ  13 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLUME   1..W. 

Number  '.'. 


Largest    Freight    Wagons 
World. 


in    the 


The  wagon  shown  herewith  was  de- 
signed and  made  by  the  Best  Manu- 
facturing Company,  San  Leandro, 
Cal.,  and  was  built  especially  for  steam 
freighting  in  connection  with  the  com- 
pany's traction  engine.  The  capacity 
of  these  wagons  is  sixteen  tons  each, 
and  they  have  sufficient  wheel  surface 
t.i  sustain  that  amount  without  injury 
to  the  roads — in  fact,  they  pack  the 
road.  The  dimensions  and  description 
in  detail  are  as  follows:  Size  of  axles, 
four  inches  in  diameter;  front  wheels, 
four  feet  ten  inches  high — tire,  sixteen 
inches  in  width;  rear  wheels,  six  feet 
high — width  of  tire  the  same  as  front 
wheels;  length  of  bed,  nineteen  feet  six 
inches;  width  of  bed,  four  feet  six 
inches;  height  of  bed,  six  feet.  They 
are  made  wholly  of  'iron  and  steel,  ex- 
cept the  bed  which  is  of  wood.  The 
front  wheels  track  somewhat  wider 
than  the  rear  ones,  for  this  reason : 
The  continual  hauling  over  the  road 
and  the  wagons  always  running  in  the 
same  tracks  naturally  cuts  down  the 
road  into  ruts  to  a  certain  extent  and 
makes  it  uneven.  This  the  makers 
wished   to  overcome,  and  as  the  engine 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  SATURDAY,  MARCH  2,  1895. 


THREE   DOLLARS   I'll;    ANNUM. 
Btngle  CopleBi  Ten  Cents, 


Triplex  Power    Pump. 


DOW'S     IMPROVED    TRIPLEX     POWER     PUM1 


The  DOM  St, Miu  Pump  Works.  Ill 
11U  Beale  St..  have  issued  a  handsome 
catalogue  of  their  improved  power 
pumping  and  hydraulic  machinery 
which  present  data  of  value  to  those 
interested  in  steam  and  hydraulic  en- 
gineering. Herewith  is  illustrated  one 
of  their  improved  triplex  power  pumps 
of  vertical  mining  pattern,  for  mine 
station  pumping  with  electric  motor. 
as  successfully  applied  to  mine  station 
pumping,  and  for  situations  where 
water  power  is  available  for  generat- 
ing electricity. 

The  crank  shaft  and  connecting  rods 
are  operated  in  a  closed  chamber  in 
which  oil  is  retained  and  the  connec- 
tions made  self-lubricating.  A  high 
rate  of  speed  can  be  obtained  without 
pounding  or  detrimental  wear,  thus 
obviating  constant  and  careful  adjust- 
ment. 

They  have  patterns  for  this  class  of 
pump  up  to  a  capacity  of  30(1  gallons 
per  miuute,  and  height  of  300  feet. 

They  can  furnish  pumps  with  or 
without   electric  motors. 

The  Dow  pumps  have  been  endorsed 
by  the  United  States  Government  by 
ordering   them   in    the  construction   of 


I 


FREIOHT     WAOON     B 


TLT     BY    THE    BEST     MANUFACTURING     COMPANY. 


wheels  are  twenty-six  inches  wide  they  designed 
the  front  wheels  of  the  wagons  so  that  the  tire 
tracks  would  lop  one-half  the  width  of  the  engine 
wheels  on  the  inside.  The  rear  wheels  of  the  wagons 
travel  so  as  to  lop  one-half  the  width  of  the  inside  of 
the  track  of  the  front  wheels,  thus  packing  the  road 


smooth  and  firm  and  always  clear  of  ruts  where  the 

wheels  travel. 

It  is  almost  a  forgotten  fact  that  from  1793  to  1873 
American  silver  dollars  were  at  a  three  per  cent 
premium  in  Europe,  and  went  eastward  almost  as 
soon  as  coined.     Times  change. 


battleships   and   cruisers,    and  are  of  acknowledged 
value. 

Nearly  eight  per  cent  of  the  union  workmen 
in  Glasgow,  and  eighteen  per  cent  of  the  union 
shipbuilders  there,  are  out  of  employment,  owing 
to  dull  times. 


130 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  2,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Office,  No.  830  Market  Street,  Northeast  Vomer  Front,  San  Francisco. 
B^"  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


Annual  Subscription.. 


Chicago  Office OHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Posloffiee  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 


J.  F.  HAILOKAN General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  March  2,  1895. 


New  Qold  Processes. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS— Dow's  Improved  Triplex  Power  Pump;  Freight 
Wagon  Built  by  the  Best  Manufacturing  Company.  139. 

EDITORIALS.— Largest  Freight  Wagons  in  the  World;  Triplex 
Power  Pump,  129.  New  Gold  Processes;  Dividend-Paying  Mines; 
Miscellaneous,  130. 

CORRESPONDENCE.— Pocket  Mining  in  California,  132.  "Some 
Miuing  Experts:1'  "  Repotting  on  Mines,"  Etc.,  133. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS— Economy  of  Power-House  Operation  ; 
Three-Cylinder  Simple  Locomotives,  137. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— A  Huge  Alternator;  Electrical  Pow- 
er Transmission  for  Mines;  Miscellaneous,  140. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  138. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  142. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates.  130.  Telephones  in  Mining; 
Prospecting  Enterprises  in  Nevada,  132.  An  Old-Time  Mine 
Hoisting  Apparatus,  133.  Men  Whose  Labor  is  Slowly  Fatal; 
About  Gold  Mining;  Personal;  Obituary;  Protecting  Mineral 
Lands;  Book  Review,  134.  The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons,  136.  Tre- 
mendous Power;  Hot  Salt  Solution  for  Relief  of  Short  Hemor- 
rhage, 141.    Recent.  Patents,    142.    Coast  Industrial  Notes,  143. 


With  the  advent  of  the  new  railroad  comes 
promise  of  increased  business  for  the  wood-workers 
and  iron-workers  of  the  State.  It  goes  without  say- 
ing that  everything  in  iron  or  steel  from  a  spike  to  a 
locomotive  can  be  made  and  should  be  furnished 
here. 

The  coming  Mexican  International  Exposition 
affords  opportunity  to  San  Francisco  manufacturers 
of  mining  machinery  to  enlarge  their  market.  There 
is  a  splendid  fiell  in  Mexico  for  mining  machinery  of 
approved  make,  a  fact  which  our  local  manufac- 
turers should  not  be  backward  in  realizing. 


The  State  Manufacturers'  Convention,  on  the  19th 
inst.,  at  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  in  this  city,  is  an 
important  and  necessary  move.  The  main  proposition 
is  union  and  organization,  the  fostering  of  new 
industries,  and,  in  general,  the  industrial  emancipa- 
tion of  the  State.  Under  rightly  related  conditions 
there  is  no  valid  reason  against  such  consummation, 
which  must  manifestly  result  in  mutual   prosperity. 


Under  "  the  Timber  Land  act,"  any  one  may  take 
up  160  acres  government  land,  valuable  chiefly  for 
stone,  complying  with  all  provisions  just  as  in  the 
taking  up  of  land  for  the  timber  on  it — the  payment 
of  $2.50  per  acre,  publication  of  the  required  notice, 
filing  of  the  affidavit  of  publication,  appearance 
with  two  disinterested  witnesses  before  the  local  land 
office  register,  etc.  In  such  cases  the  non-mineral 
character  of  the  land  must  be  sworn  to. 


That  gigantic  gold  mine  referred  to  in  these  col- 
umns some  time  ago,  enabled  its  directors  and  stock- 
holders to  declare  a  $7,000,000  dividend  last  month. 
It  is  too  good  a  thing  to  let  get  this  far  west,  the 
opportunity  to  invest  being  limited  by  Messrs.  Cleve- 
land and  Carlisle  solely  to  Wall  Street  and  English 
buyers.  The  whole  business  discredits  the  nation, 
but  that  is  of  minor  importance.  California  stock 
deals  sound  slim  and  meager  alongside  such  transac- 
tions, whereby  a  profit  of  seven  millions  is  made  cer- 
tain in  a  gold  mine  without  even  one  assessment. 


A  Los  Angeles  subscriber  questions  the  state- 
ment last  week  in  "  Concentrates  "  that  gold  during 
the  week  had  commanded  a  premium  of  J  of  \%. 
Here  are  the  facts  in  detail:  On  Friday,  in  New 
York  City,  there  was  a  draft  on  the  depleted  gold 
reserve  of  $665,000.  Of  that  sum  Eussell  Sage  with- 
drew $550,000.  He  had  uo  use  for  it  for  export  pur- 
chases, but  put  it  in  a  storage  vault.  He  had  gold 
bullion  additional  amounting  to  $450,000.  A  sub- 
scriber to  the  bond  syndicate  wanted  the  gold,  and, 
seeing  a  good  profit,  paid  2  of  \%,  or  $3750  premium 
to  Sage  for  the  million  to  buy  bonds  with.  The  fact 
is  of  common  report  in  the  New  York  papers.  The 
Press  draws  no  political,  that  is  partisan,  conclu- 
sion. The  matter  was  boiled  down  to  a  one-line 
statement,  but  was  and  is  actually  true. 


Nearly  ninety  years  ago  it  was  observed  that  gold 
was  soluble  in  cyanide  of  potassium,  but  for  more 
than  half  a  century  the  fact  was  a  chemical  curiosity, 
a  laboratory  demonstration,  with  no  practical  ap- 
plication. In  later  years  the  matter  has  received 
world-wide  attention  among  metallurgists,  and  for 
the  last  five  years  "the  cyanide  process"  has  in 
some  instances  revolutionized  gold-saving  methods. 
In  the  last  few  weeks  from  London  and  Arizona 
come,  accounts  of  gold  extraction  processes  based  on 
the  cyanide  system,  with,  it  is  claimed,  such  im- 
provements as  will  result  in  its  more  extended 
efficiency.  The  importance  of  the  interests  involved 
and  the  widespread  interest  in  the  subject  justify 
notice. 

Assuming  that  our  readers  are  in  general  con- 
versant with  the  principles  of  the  MacArthur-For- 
rest  system,  which  may  be  considered  the  standard, 
it  may  be  said  of  the  process  now  being  tested  in 
two  Arizona  mines  that  it  is  an  elaboration  of  that 
treatment.  There  the  ore  is  crushed  to  a  certain 
fineness,  depending  on  the  character  of  the  gangue, 
then  placed  in  leaching  vats,  having  the  usual  false 
bottoms  for  filtration,  and  a  solution  of  cyanide  of 
potassium  and  other  chemicals  of  determined  solu- 
tion is  run  over  the  pulp  and  is  left  to  stand  for 
some  hours.  It  is  then  drained  off,  and  another 
charge  is  used  of  less  strength,  which  is  in  turn  also 
drained  off.  The  pulp  is  then  washed  with  clean 
water,  which  leaches  all  the  gold  and  silver,  and 
leaves  the  tailings  ready  for  discharge  either  in  cars 
or  to  be  sluiced  away.  The  filtered  solutions  and 
washings  from  the  leaching  vats  are  passed  through 
a  precipitating  box,  which  is  practically  an  electric 
cell,  the  positive  plate  of  lead  and  the  cathode  or 
negative  pole  being  mercury.  A  dynamo  supplies 
the  current,  which  is  of  sufficient  pressure  to  de- 
compose electrolytic  liquid,  a  circulation  being  thus 
kept  up.  The  solution  formed  of  the  double  cyanide 
of  gold  and  silver,  as  it  goes  along  yields  up  these 
metals  under  the  action  of  the  current,  and  is 
gathered  on  strips  of  copper  connected  with  the 
mercury.  The  solution  can  be  used  over  and  over 
again  by  re-enforcing  it  to  the  desired  percentage, 
and  it  is  asserted  by  the  experimenters  that  by  this 
electro-chemical  cyanide  process  a  capacity  for 
handling  10,000  tons  of  pulp  per  month  will  run  at  a 
cost  of  about  $2  per  ton.  Bullion  recovered  by  this 
method  is  claimed  to  be  in  fineness  in  excess  of  that 
which  is  zinc  precipitated. 

The  London  process  is  being  praised  at  unusual 
length  in  sundry  London  journals.  The  originator  of 
this  latest  announcement  in  the  gold-mining  world  is 
H.  Livingstone  Sulman,  an  analytical  chemist,  who, 
though  he  never  saw  a  gold  mine,  is  confident  he  has 
a  discovery  that  is  of  the  greatest  practical  merit. 
This  confidence  seems  largely  shared  by  his  con- 
freres. 

He  denies  the  necessity  of  oxygenation,  hitherto 
considered  so  essential  a  part  of  the  cyanide  system. 
He  asserts  that  he  can  dispense  with  oxygen  alto- 
gether, and  make  the  cyanogen  all  potential.  Dis- 
carding that  factor  in  the  MacArthur-Forrest  equa- 
tion he  uses  a  haloid  salt,  a  bromide  of  cyanogen, 
and  adding  a  small  quantity  of  this  to  the  ordinary 
cyanide  solution,  claims  to  thus  secure  unprece- 
dented rapidity  in  the  desired  result.  Concentrates 
ordinarily  requiring  two  weeks  can,  it  is  asserted,  be 
successfully  treated  by  the  Sulman  process  in  less 
than  forty-eight  hours,  no  matter  what  the  quality 
of  the  ore,  and  the  slimes,  hitherto'  found  so  recal- 
citrant, can,  he  asserts,  be  leached  with  success. 
His  process  for  slimes  is  to  add  a  soap  solution,  stir 
vigorously  and  clot  with  lime,  thus  making  the  mud 
granular  and  susceptible  of  leaching.  When  it  is 
borne  in  mind  that  while  600,000  ounces  of  gold  were 
produced  from  battery  tailings  in  the  Witwatersrand 
district,  South  Africa,  in  '94,  an  estimated  value  of 
$1,500,000  was  lost  in  the  slimes  during  the  same 
time  by  inability  to  treat  them,  it  will  be  seen  what 
success  in  that  direction  means.  Mr.  Vautin,  a  col- 
league of  Sulman's,  asserts  that  the  extraction  of 
gold  from  slimes  in  this^manner  is  successfully  dem- 
onstrated. This  matter  of  securing  the  gold  from 
slimes  has  been  given  practical  attention  at  the 
mines.  Attempts  have  been,  made  to  prevent  or 
obviate  their  formation;  or  by  substitution  of  air  for 


water  at  the  stamps.  It  has  been  tried  to  work 
slimes  holding  over  one-half  an  ounce  to  the  ton,  and 
persistent  disintegration  has  with  such  rich  slimes 
extracted  the  gold  at  a  cost  about  equaling  in  value 
the  output,  being  poor  inducement  for  experiment 
with  slimes  carrying  but  one-half  or  one-third  such 
quantity  of  gold.  The  Sulman-Vautin  process  would 
with  slimes  alone,  if  successful,  make  every  such 
mine  worth  far  more  than  at  present. 

Beside  discarding  the  oxygen  of  the  present  proc- 
ess, the  London  chemists  claim  to  have  also  done 
away  with  the  necessity  of  the  zinc  shavings,  substi- 
tuting an  emulsion  of  zinc  fumes,  saving,  according 
to  their  view,  the  expense  of  smelting. 

A  minor  point,  not  wholly  devoid  of  interest,  is  the 
assertion  of  Mr.  Sulman  that  the  reason  that  "  float 
gold"  floats  on  water  is  the  "surface  tension". 
Were  this  "  surface  tension  "  counteracted  or  neu- 
tralized, he  claims  that  annoying  feature,  would  dis- 
appear. This  also  he  claims  to  be  able  to  overcome. 
He  says  "a  morsel  of  common  soap"  will  destroy 
this  surface  tension. 

The  greatest  interest  is  manifested  in  British  min- 
ing circles  over  this  new  announcement.  One  com- 
pany has  already  bought  patent  rights  for  South 
Africa;  another  for  Australia,  and  a  third  corpora- 
tion has  secured  similar  rights  in  Mexico.  If  the 
discoverers  and  the  believers  in  them  be  not  egregi- 
ously  deceived,  the  problem  of  cheap  extraction  of 
gold  in  the  class  of  ores  most  susceptible  of  treat- 
ment by  that  general  process  is  nearer  solution  than 
ever  before. 

The  idea  is  not  wholly  original.  Less  than  six 
months  ago  an  assayer  in  northeastern  Washington 
wrote  to  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  that  he 
had  discovered  that  bromine  could  be  substituted  in 
the  cyanide  process,  with  a  request  that  nothing  be 
said  about  it  till  he  had  practically  demonstrated 
and  secured  his  claim.  In  other  quarters  the  same 
chemical  possibility  has  also  been  noted.  Englehardt 
has  a  bromine  process  claimed  to'  be  successful.  Nor 
is  bromine  the  only  substitute  for  oxygen  in  this  oxi- 
dizing process.  Sodium  peroxide  has  given  similar 
satisfactory  result  in  laboratory  experiments.  But 
it  were  invidious  to  withhold  a  single  laurel  from  the 
wreath  that  will  crown  the  successful  discoverer  in 
practical  fields  of  science,  whoever  or  wherever  he 
may  be.  The  London  announcement,  briefly  synop- 
sized  above,  is  making  tremendous  stir,  and  upon 
the  proven  results  of  rigid  tests  and  practical  ex- 
perience will  depend  its  outcome. 

How  the  threatened  legislative  attack  on  the 
California  State  Mining  Bureau  is  viewed  elsewhere 
is  well  exemplified  by  the  following,  which  is  but  one 
of  such  letters  recently  received: 


THE 


—  OFFICE  <>F  — 

MIXSELL    MTLL. 


Philip  Mixsei.l,   Mo 


One  of  the 

Also  Manager  of 

t  ComiUete  Concentrating  and 

Several  Producing  Mines 

Stamp  Mills  in  the  Stuff. 

___ 

Idaho  Skrinqs,  Colo.,  Feb.  23,  1895, 
Mr.  J.  F.  Halloran: — Enclosed  and  §3.00  for  another  year  of 
your  most  excellent  journal.  If  your  State  Legislature  repeals 
the  State  Mining  Bureau  bill  it  will  be  taking  a  step  back- 
wards. The  reports  from  that  Bureau  are  of  the  utmost  value, 
and  I  know  it  has  been  through  those  reports  that  California 
has  secured  so  many  Colorado  mining  meu  of  means.  Yours 
very  truly,  Philip  Mixsell. 


The  articles  in  the  Press  last  July  on  the  mines 
and  mineral  possibilities  of  Mariposa,  are  bearing- 
abundant  fruit  in  the  renewed  attention  given  that 
raining  region.  No  part  of  California  promises  more 
immediate  activity  than  the  Coulterville  district, 
and  the  preparations  are  on  a  scale  commensurate 
with  the  interests  involved.  A  300-stamp  mill,  a 
railway  from  it  to  the  different  mines  owned  by  the 
new  company,  electrical  generators,  etc.,  evince  the 
change  from  the  sleepy  old  inertness  to  the  new  era 
when  from  600  to  800  meu  will  be  busy  adding  mil- 
lions from  Mariposa  to  the  world's  golden  wealth. 


Several  inquiries  have  recently  been  received  as 
to  whether  gypsum  is  or  is  not  considered  a  mineral 
under  the  mining  law.  In  answer  it  may  be  said  that 
gypsum  can  be  located  in  the  same,  general  manner 
as  a  placer  claim — twenty  acres — the  Commissioner 
of  the  General  Land  Office  so  interpreting  the 
matter.  The  most  recent  location  of  a  gypsum  claim 
that  has  came  under  our  observation  is  that  of  Chas. 
King,  of  San  Benito. 


March  2,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


131 


Concentrates. 


Toe  Keystone  mill,  at  Amador  City,  is  again  in  operation. 
The  Standard  Con.  Mining  Co.  pays  a  io-eeut  dlvidei 
the  20th  [net. 

A  sk«  -Tim i*  mill  is  about  completed  on  the  Oro  Pino  (Mon- 
tana) gold  mine. 

A  m  -in  KB  '-fruit  is  making  tO  develop  the  Eutopia,  Laic  Co., 
quicksilver  mine. 

Thb  new  forty-stamp  mill  at  the  New  London,  Plymouth, 
Amador  Co.,  Is  about  finished. 

Tin  Hay  den  Hill  Mining  Co.,  Hayden  Hill,  Lassen  Co.,  are 
about   to  put  in  a  ten-stamp  mill. 

Labor  troubles  have  closed  up  the  Morning  Glory  mine 
ami  mill  on  Turkey  Creek,  Arizona. 

Tiik  Alaska-Mexican  Gold  Mining  Company  will  shortly  add 
sixty  stamps  i"  its  mill  on  Douglas  Island. 

1 1  is  reported  in  Presoott  that  G.  W.  Hull,  of  Gerome,  has 
bonded  hia  mining  properties  in  that  camp  for  $100,000. 

Dk.  SCBLOBSSBB,  of  Chicago,  has  bought  a  controlling  inter- 
est in  the  Evening  Star  mill  and  mine  near  Susanville 

in  i  \n\  -  ::oihi  and  $4000  in  gold  has  been  taken  by  sluicing 
from  ( told  an. i  1 I 1] i  creeks,  Alaska,  since  December  1st. 

.1.  a.  MAXPiKLDta  well-known Comstock  miner,  was  recently 
killed  by  an  exploding  blast  in  a  mine  at  San  Miguel,  Mexico. 

Tiik  Delano  Mining  and  Milling  Company  has  filed  articles 
mi  incorporation;  capital  stock,  1500,000;  principal  office, 
Boulder,  Col. 

Tiik  January  output  of  the  Butte  &  Boston  (Montana)  mine 
was  1,950,800  pounds  of  copper,  103,404)  ounces  of  silver  and  '205 
ounces  of  gold. 

A  Sam  Lake  company  is  getting  ready  to  work  the  tailings 
at  the  Voorhei'9  &  Barney  sulphuret  works,  in  Drytown,  by 
cyanide  process. 

Tiik  Arizona  Copper  Company  has  been  incorporated  iu 
Philadelphia;  capital,  $50,000;  to  operate  in  Boulder  county, 
Col.,  and  Arizona. 

!\  the  Alaska  mine,  at  Pike  City,  Sierra  Co.,  last  week,  a 
large  ledge  of  line  ore  was  uncovered.  The  quartz  shows 
plenty  of  free  gold. 

TukAk  Era  reports  that  a  San  Francisco  miuiug  expert 
has  leased  the  Jenkins  mill  at  Kennedy,  Nev.,  and  intends  to 
put  it  in  operation. 

THB new  owners  of  the  Silver  Bow  Basin  mines,  Alaska, 
have  decided  On  the  building  Of  a  mining  plant  to  rival  the 
Treadwell  in  size. 

Ii  is  again  asserted  that  the  Mammoth  and  Collins  mines, 
Arizona,  are  to  be  sold  to  an  English  company  who  will  oper- 
ate  I  hem  on  a  big  scale. 

B.  McCORMIOK,  employed  at  the  Providence  mine,  Nevada 
City,  was  killed  last  Sunday  by  being  caught  in  the  spur 
wheel  of  the  hoisting  rig. 

Tiik  Octopus  Cold  Mining  and  Milling  Co.  has  finished  a 
twenty-stamp  mill  iu  Bruno  district,,  Elko  Co.,  Nevada.  It 
will  be  run  by  water  power. 

Mkssks.  Ckeen  &  Ryan,  Saginaw,  Mich.,  lumbermen,  have 
bought  three  claims,  the  Eureka  group,  in  the  Slocan  district, 
for  the  reported  price  of  $50,000. 

Tub  coal  output  in  the  different  mines  of  Wyoming  for  the 
past  year  was  3,203,000  tons.  The  number  of  fatal  accidents 
was  t  hirteen,  out  of  3468  men  employed. 

"  In  general,"  says  the  Denver  Mining  Industry^  "it  may 
be  presumed  that  no  part  of  the  United  States  has  better 
facilities  for  cheap  mining  than  California.-1 

To  date  the  Hope  mine  of  Montana  has  paid  $593,250  in  divi- 
dends. The  latest  was  a  $10,000  dividend  January  33d, 
Nearly  100  men  are  now  employed  in  the  mine. 

The  Home  mine  on  Deer  creek,  Nevada  county,  which  lay 
idle  for  nearly  fifteen  years,  is  now  being  worked  with  very 
flattering  prospect  for  a  resumption  of  dividends. 

The  De  Lamar  Mining  Company  of  Idaho  is  now  putting  in 
a  complete  arc  light  plant  in  addition  to  the  incandescent 
plant,  to  light  their  mills  and  the  streets  of  the  city. 

The  War  Eagle,  Trail  creek,  B.  C,  was  jumped  last  week 
because  the  foreign  company,  now  the  owners,  had  not  regis- 
tered in  British  Columbia.     Costly  litigation  may  follow. 

At  Slate  creek,  Wash.,  the  Excelsior  group,  owned  by 
Garish,  Temply  and  Beuson,  of  Anacortes,  have  been  bonded 
to  a  New  York  syndicate  for  $40,000  and  cash  paymentof  $2500. 

There  is  a  bill  before  the  Nevada  Legislature  which  pro- 
vides for  the  removal  of  the  State  capital  to  auy  city  or  town 
in  the  State  which  will  contribute  $100,000  into  the  State 
treasury. 

The  Excelsior  Company  have  suspended  hydraulic  opera- 
tions at  Sraartsville.  They  will  probably  dig  a  considei*able 
piece  of  ditch,  aud  move  several  hundred  feet  of  water  pipe 
before  resuming. 

The  cyanide  tanks  at  Wickenburg,  Arizona,  are  reducing 
Vulture  tailings,  two  bars  of  gold  of  the  value  of  65  and  72 
ounces  each  being  recently  received  inPrescott.  The  tailings 
average  $5  per  ton. 

At  Juneau,  Alaska,  N.  H.  Caddis  has  been  acquitted  of 
stealing  $1000  worth  of  amalgam  from  Thorp  &  Bounifield's 
mill  last  August,  and  $3500  from  the  Ebner  mill  in  October 
and  November  last. 

The  Gem  (Idaho)  mine  laid  off  about  forty-five  men  recently. 
But  little  more  work  than  sinking  the  shaft  and  other  de- 
velopment work  below  the  tunnel  level  will  be  prosecuted  for 
the  next  four  months. 

A  strike  is  reported  in  the  O.  &  C.  mine,  at  Henley,  Siski- 
you Co.  Twenty-seven  tons  of  ore  are  being  treated  at  the 
Selby  Works.  Some  of  the  ore  runs  $300  to  the  ton.  A  five- 
stamp  mill  is  being  built. 

The  Kootenay  Water  Supply  Company  are  putting  in  a  dam 
at  Waneta  to  supply  water  power  to  pump  a  thousand  inches 
into  the  main  ditch  of  the  Kootenay  Hydraulic  Company  for 
use  in  washing  their  gravel  banks. 

The  Mountain  View  Mining  Co.,  which  recently  bought  the 
Star  and  Roebuck  mines,  near  Fine  Gold,  Madera,  propose  em- 
ploying about  fifty  men  when  their  new  twenty-stamp  mill, 
now  being  contracted  for,  is  in  operation. 

The  passage  of  the  bill  for  establishing  a  coinage   mint  iu 


Denver,  to  take  the  pla i"   it    presenl  purch  i  dug  mint,  ami 

■•oin  the  gold  where  it  is  produced,  reooguirea  Colorado's  Im- 
portance as  a  producer  or  the  monetary  metals. 

J   n   Nur.  of  Placer  Co.,   learning  thai  the  funds  of  the 
Miners1  Association  would  nol    warrant  the  publication  ol  the 
proceeding  ol  the  Last  convention,  became  personally  n 
aible  tor  tin-  payment  "i  the  bill,  and  the  worfc  is  goii 

Tbb  follow  h  ,i  lucorpornl  ions:    The  Plnon  Mi  nine 

ami  Milling  Co.,  San  Pranalsco,  capital  stock,  S30,ouo,uo0;  one 
Joni  Creek  Mill  and  Mining  Co.,  Crescent  City,  $80,000; 
Northwestern  Mining  Bureau,  Seattle,  150,000. 

i  in  Morning  Star  Company,  low  a  Hill,  has  declared  another 

dividend  of  $:t  per  share  on  tin-  capital  stock.    This  makes  the 

ad  dividend  in  a  month  bj  that  mining  company,  the  first 

one  being  *i  per  share,     Most  of  the  stock  is  owned   In  Grass 

Valley, 

Last  Tuesday  Senator  Perkins  presented  In  the  I".  S.  Sen- 
ate the  Joint  resolution  of  the   Legislature  of  California   for 

i' Winage  of  silver:  also  the  resolution  urging  the  immediate 

appropriation  ol  180,000  for  the  support  of  thfe  California  Debris 

Commission. 

Tin:  Alaska-Treadwell  Company  makes  the  following  report 
for  the  month  of  December,  1894:  Ore  milled,  19,807  ions. 
sulphurets  treated,  345  tons:  bullion  from  sulphurets,  $14,025; 
bullion  shipped,  $44,3-47;  bullion  yield  per  ton  of  ore 
crushed,  $2.24. 

Tiik  Denver  smelters  and  large  producers  of  gold  have  been 
sending  their  gold  East  in  bars  the  past  month  on  account  of 
receiving  one-half  percent  higher  price  than  the  Government 
pays  for  coinage  purposes  there  and  at  Philadelphia,  making 
gold  a  comiueivial  commodity. 

Governor  BODTt  has  transmitted  t.o  the  California  Senators 
and  Representatives  in  Congress,  in  accordance  with  the  re- 
quest of  the  Legislature,  Assembly  Joint  Resolution  No.  20, 
relative  to  securing  immediate  attention  from  Congress  to  the 
United  Slates  Debris  Commission. 

The  proprietor  of  the  Golden  Shaft  mine,  at  Dutch  Plat, 
has  been  notified  by  the  California  Debris  Commission  to 
cease  hydraulic  mining.  In  answer  it  is  asserted  that  the 
Golden  Shaft  is  a  drift  mine  pure  and  simple,  the  gravel 
being  taken  out  of  a  ninety-foot  shaft. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  officers  of  the  County  Miners' Associ- 
ation in  Auburn  last  Saturday,  it  was  decided  to  take  such 
steps  as  would  be  necessary  to  obtain  funds  for  the  support  of 
the  State  Association.  Two  hundred  dollars  was  ordered  sent 
to  the  treasurer  of  the  State  Association. 

J.  M.  Bi'ffington  has  made  arrangements  at  the  State 
Board  of  Trade  rooms,  in  this  city,  for  the  display  of  minerals 
from  Nevada  county.  It  is  the  desire  to  have  each  mine  in 
the  county  represented.  From  ten  to  fifteen  pounds  of  ore 
is  as  much  as  is  desired  from  any  one  mine. 

It  is  reported  that  a  syndicate  of  San  Francisco  capitalists 
are  negotiating  for  the  purchase  of  the  Sterling  mines,  in 
Josephine  Co.,  Oregon.  This  report  has  been  circulated  so 
often  that  not  much  dependence  is  placed  upon  it.  The  mine 
is  a  rich  placer  and  is  equipped  for  good  work. 

The  English  company  which  recently  bought,  the  Iron 
Mountain  mine,  iu  Shasta,  are  surveying  for  a  twelve-mile 
railroad  from  the  mine  to  the  S.  P.  track.  They  have  not  yet 
decided  whether  to  work  the  ore  there  or  ship  to  Selby,  though 
the  railroad  proposition  would  imply  the  latter. 

Utah's  production  of  silver  for  the  year  1894  was  0,534,182 
fine  ouuees,  of  a  coinage  value  of  $S, 458,200,  and  an  actual 
market  value  of  §4,114,573.40,  figured  with  silver-at  an  aver- 
age quotation  of  02.97  cents.  Of  gold  the  territory  produced 
54,570  fine  ounces,  with  an  actual  value  of  $1,128,100. 

The  concession  granted  last  June  for  the  construction  of  a 
railway  in  Lower  California  from  the  port  of  La  Paz  to  the 
mining  camp  of  El  Triunfo,  with  a  right  to  extend  the  line  to 
Ensenada  or  Pescadero  del  Pacifico,  has  been  declared  null 
and  void,  owing  to  the  failure  of  the  concessionaire  to  deposit 
the  required  guarantee. 

The  Green  Mountain  Gold  Mining  Co.  has  secured  control  of 
the  Green  Mountain  cement  gravel  mines  in  Chili  Gulch  dis- 
trict, Calaveras  Co.,  comprising  about  150  acres  through  which 
run  gold-bearing  channels,  which  are  to  be  worked  to  the 
fullest  possible  extent.  Considerable  machinery  and  material 
went  with  the  purchase. 

The  Alaska-Mexican  Company  reports  its  cleanup  as  follows 
for  the  month  of  November,  1S94  :  Period  since  last  return,  30 
days;  ore  milled,  0058  tons;  sulphurets  treated,  137  tons; 
bullion  from  sulphurets,  §4431 ;  bullion  shipped,  $13,804  ;  work- 
ing expenses,  $11,819;  balance,  $2045;  average  total  return  pet- 
ton,  $2.29;  expenses  per  ton  of  ore  milled,  $1.05. 

The  Eureka  Tellurium  Gold  Mining  Company  have  elected 
the  following  directors:  W.  P.  Sweezey,  president;  Geo.  C. 
Jones,  vice-president;  J.  S.  Ludlum,  secretary  and  treasurer; 
Anna  M.  Ludlum,  Peter  Scherer.  The  Redding  Democrat 
says  the  company  has  an  entire  new  process  by  which  they 
will  work  the  ore  of  the  mine,     ft  is  a  dry  process. 

In  the  Sacramento  office  is  being  argued  a  suit  which  in- 
volves the  possession  of  land  claimed  in  the  Mammoth  aud  St. 
George  quartz  claims  in  Amador  county.  The  question  is 
whether  it  is  most  valuable  for  mineral  or  agricultural  pur- 
poses. In  any  other  State  than  California  the  production  of 
gold  would  definitely  determine  the  question,  but  'tis  differ- 
ent here. 

Geo.  W.  Edwards,  of  Indiana,  has  bought  the  Spanish  Hill 
placer  mine,  one  mile  from  Placerville,  El  Dorado  Co.,  and  has 
commenced  preparations  for  work  on  an,  extensive  scale.  This 
mine  in  days  past  was  a  large  producer  of  gold,  and  C.  W. 
Brewster  is  said  to  have  purchased  from  the  original  locators 
of  the  claim— three  in  number— gold  dust  amounting  to  over 

$1,500,000. 

A  rich  vein  of  quartz  has  been  struck  in  the  La  Marque 
mine,  Nevada  Co.,  at  a  depth  of  eighty-five  feet,  and  the 
quartz  taken  from  it  is  of  high  grade.  The  mine  is  situated 
in  the  neighborhood  of  the  North  Star  and  is  being  worked  by 
Maltman  &  Thompson,  who  obtained  a  bond  on  the  property 
several  months  ago.  It  is  an  old  mine  and  has  been  worked 
in  a  small  way  for  many  years  past. 

The  mining  share  excitement  in  London  and  Paris,  with 
shares  of  properties  in  the  Witwatersrand  district  of  South 
Africa  as  its  object,  says  Bradstreet's,  has  had  a  limited  but 
very  necessary  set-back.  Prices  for  some  of  the  low-priced 
shares  which  depended  to  a  considerable  extent  upon  constant 
puffing  and  advertising  have  had  a  material  drop,  aud  new  is- 


sues,  particularly  of  West  Australian  properties,  find  Less 
favor  with  the  public.  In  the  opinion  of  the  most  candid 
servers  ol  the  situation,  the  movement  has  been  overdone, 
ami.  as  most  of  tin-  public  buying  has  been  of  an  outrighl 
kind,  the  lockup  ol  funds  for  this  purpose  has  exhausted  the 
available  supply  and  caused  the  London  mining  oiarkel  boa 
sume  a  tired  appearance. 

The  property  of  the  Oregon  Gold  Mining  Company,  at 
Cornucopia,  Union  county,  Oregon,  was  las!  week  sold   bj   the 

sheriff,  under  foreclosure.  I  hi  i-  opi  i  ty  sold  includes  se\  i  ral 
mines,  among  whie(1  is  the  Red  Jacket,  a  good  gold  properl  j . 
and  Q  quartz  mill  which  was  built  several  years  ago  al   a  oos1 

1,1  $450, i.    There  were  only  three  bidders,     n   was  bid  In  "■■ 

l'.  Basohe,  of  Baker  City,  for  the  sum  of  $9000,  Itls  under- 
stood that  the  bid  was  made  on  behalf  of  the  Oregon  Mining 
Company  itself. 

Tin:  Gold  Ore  Treatment  Co.  has  been  organized  iu  London, 
to  take  up  commercially  the  matter  of  the  new   gold   solvent, 

recently  reported  to  have  been  produced  experimental  I  \  l.y  II. 

L.  Sulman.  It  is  a  modification  of  the  cyanide  process:  Toa 
solution  of  potassium  cyanide  is  added  bromide  of  cyanogen;  it 
is  claimed  with  very  satisfactory  results.  An  economical 
process  of  producing  the  bromide  of  cyanogen,  by  which  its 
cost  need  not  exceed  seventy  rents  per  pound,  is  also  reported 
to  have  been  found  by  Mr.  Sulman. 

Senator  Whitb  has  introduced  a  bill  providing  that  in  all 
entries  of  placer  mines  made  under  the  provisions  of  the  Re- 
vised Statutes  by  associations,  or  persons,  or  their  assigns. 
proof  of  discovery  of  minerals  on  each  twenty  aires  of  land 
embraced  by  the  entries  shall  not  be  required,  but  proofs  of 
discovery  of  minerals  and  development  thereof  ou  any  part  of 
the  entire  laud  shall  be  deemed  sufficient.  H  is  provided, 
however,  that  the  full  amount  of  $500  must  be  expended  for 
the  development  of  each  claim,  as  now  required  by  law. 

"The  Golden  Star  Gold  Mining  Company  of  Montana  has  a 
capital  of  #300,000  divided  into  300,000  shares  of  a  par  value  of 
SI  each.  The  company  has  ore  in  sight  worth  8100  to  the  ton, 
but  in  order  to  improve  the  property  the  directors  have  de- 
cided to  put  on  the  market  a  limited  amount  of  stock  which 
will  be  sold  at  40  cents  per  share.  As  soon  as  the.  shaft  is 
completed,  the  sale  of  shares  at  this  price  is  to  be  discon- 
tinued," etc.  So  says  the  prospectus.  The  whole  thing  is  a 
fraud,  aud,  like  other  fake  schemes,  tends  to  injure  legitimate 
mining  interests. 

The  case  which  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land 
Office  has  decided  in  favor  of  .fno.  McBride,  by  which  he  is 
awarded  120  acres  of  Section  10  of  Tacoma,  as  a  placer  mineral 
claimant,  has  cost  the  State  of  Washington  aboul  $45,000,  and 
Mr.  McBride  has  expended  about  $17,000.  The  testimony 
taken  occupies  8000  close  type-written  pages.  The  value  of 
the  land  is  estimated  at  from  $3,000,ouu  to  $5,000,000.  The  Sec- 
retary of  the  Interior  has  made  the  case  special  and  it  takes 
precedence  over  any  actions,  so  that  a  final  decision  may  be 
looked  for  within  ninety  days. 

Representative  Caminetti's  resolution  to  suspend  the 
patenting  of  land  within  grants  to  Government-aided  rail- 
roads until  January  1,  1890,  having  been  unanimously  reported 
from  the  Public  Lands  Committee,  is  a  privileged  question 
and  can  be  called  up  at  any  time.  Caminetti  is  watching  his 
opportunity  and  will  try  to  get  this  measure  through  before 
the  close  of  the  session.  Senator  White  will  take  care  of  it  in 
the  Senate  where  the  principal  opponent  of  the  resolution  is, 
of  course,  Senator  Stewart,  of  Nevada.  He  has  already  an- 
nounced that  he  is  opposed  to  taking  this  action. 

London  men  are  investigating  the  California  Water  and 
Mining  Co. 's  ditch  property  in  El  Dorado  county,  with  the 
idea  of  purchasing  and  developing  it  into  a  paying  proposition. 
The  Eastern  owners  are  "conservative,"  and  don't  care  to 
spend  the  necessary  money  to  develop  it.  Chas.  BUgburn,  an 
English  engineer  who  has  been  examining  the  property,  be- 
lieves that  the  expenditure  of  between  $300,000  and  8400,000 
would  result  in  business  netting  $75,000  or  $80,000  annually. 
The  property  is  a  valuable  one,  including  water  rights,  ditches 
from  Loon  lake,  etc.,  and  properly  developed  would  be  of 
value  to  quartz  miners  and  fruit  lands  on  the  Georgetown 
divide. 

Recent  local  mining  incorporations  are  the  San  Francisco 
and  Cripple  Creek  Gold  Mining  Company.  Principal  place 
of  business.  San  Francisco.  Capital  stock,  $1,500,000,  with 
T.  N.  Handy,  W.  K.  Flint,  H.  A.  Moss,  D.  E.  Besecker  aud 
E.  L.  Ligget  as  directors.  The  Potosi  Mining  Company  of 
Shasta.  Principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco.  Capital 
stock,  $300,000,  with  F.  Wieland,  F.  L.  Rahn,  R.  Slump,  H. 
.Tung  and  F.  H.  Jung  as  directors.  The  Mountain  Chief  Min- 
ing Company— Principal  place  of  business,  Willows,  Glenn 
county.  Capital  stock,  $30,000,  with  G.  W.  Grayson,  Jr.,  G. 
L.  Donahoe,  J.  F.  Sersanous,  W.  H.  Sale  and  J.  H.  Graves,  all 
of  Willows,  as  directors. 

The  miner's  bill  has  passed  both  Houses  of  the  Legislature, 
and  now  only  needs  Gov.  Budd's  signature  to  be  a  law.  It 
amends  Sec.  1322  as  follows:  "The  judgment  and  orders  of 
the  court  or  judge  made  in  cases  of  contempt,  where  the  con- 
tempt is  committed  in  the  immediate  view  aud  presence  of 
the  court  or  the  judge  at  chambers,  are  final  and  conclusive. 
Tn  all  other  cases  of  contempt  the  judgment  aud  orders  given 
or  made  in  relation  thereto  are  subject  to  review  by  motion 
for  a  new  trial  and  by  appeal,  in  the  same  manner  in  which 
other  judgments  and  orders  are  so  reviewed,"  That  means 
that  the  hydraulic  miner  in  this  State  has  the  same  protec- 
tion against  arbitrary  arrest  that  any  other  citizen  has. 

The  January  cleanup  of  the  Alaska-Treadwell  shows :  Ship- 
ment of  bullion,  $55,095;  tons  of  ore  milled,  20,491;  tons  of 
sulphurets  treated,  377;  of  bullion  there  came  from  sul- 
phurets, §20,405.  For  the  six  months  ending  Nov.  30,  1894,  the 
working  expenses  were  $1.38  per  tou,  or  nearly  the  same  as 
during  the  two  previous  years.  This  cost  includes  many  un- 
usual charges  in  connection  with  new  machinery  and  with  a 
theft  of  amalgam,  recovery  of  the  same  and  arrest  of  the  de- 
linquents. It  is  expected  that,  owing  to  new  crushers,  the 
cost  of  working  will  be  further  reduced.  During  the  period 
under  review,  122,283  tons  were  crushed  and  $307,02]  realized, 
an  average  yield  of  §2.51  per  ton  as  against  $3.20  for  the 
previous  year.  The  sinking  of  a  new  shaft  and  the  construc- 
tion of  new  hoisting  works  prevented  hoisting  any  large 
quantity  of  the  higher  grade  ore  from  the  110-foot  level.  It  is 
expected  that  from  now  on  more  ore  from  that  Jevel  will  be 
crushed,  and  that  the  receipts  will  again  become  equal  to 
those  of  the  last  fiscal  year.  The  profits  for  the  half-year 
were  $13S,3S3. 


132 


Miming  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  2,  1895. 


Pocket  Mining  in    California. 


Written    for   the   Mining    and   Scientific   Press  by 
W.  H.  Storms,  M.  e. 

The  business  of  hunting  gold  pockets  is  a  distinct 
branch  of  the  mining  industry  in  California.  That, 
in  order  to  be  successful  as  a  pocket  hunter,  one 
must  possess  a  most  sanguine  temperament,  rare 
perseverance  and  energy,  and  abundant  self-reliance, 
no  one  who  knows  anything  of  the  methods,  the  suc- 
cesses and  disappointments  of  a  pocket  hunter's  life 
will  deny. 

Mariposa  and  Tuolumne  counties  are  the  sections 
where  pocket  mining  is  followed  more  extensively 
than  in  other  sections  of  the  State,  though  pocket 
mines  are  not  unknown  elsewhere.  In  Calaveras 
county,  in  early  days,  pockets  of  fabulous  richness 
were  mined  on  Carson  hill,  where  is  situated  the 
famous  Morgan  mine.  This  was  one  of  the  first 
pocket  mines  discovered  in  the  State.  It  was 
located  in  185U,  and  it  is  stated  that  from  February, 
1850,  to  December,  1851,  less  than  two  years, 
$2,800,000  were  taken  from  this  wonderful  mine. 
People  came  from  miles  around  to  visit  it,  situated 
on  the  highest  point  of  Carson  hid.  Robinson's 
ferry  took  in  over  $10,000  in  six  weeks  as  a  result  of 
the  stampede.  On  the  south  slope  of  Carson  hill 
a  town  sprang  up,  like  a  mushroom,  having  from 
3000  to  5000  population,  no  trace  of  which  remains 
to-day. 

The  Morgan  mine  excelled  in  richness  anything 
ever  found  before  or  since.  At  times,  so  it  is  said, 
the  gold  occurred  so  abundantly  in  the  rock  that 
blasting  was  impracticable  and  cold  chisels  had  to  be 
employed  to  cut  out  the  masses  of  yellow  glistening 
metal. 

The  fame  of  the  Morgan  mill  stili  clings  to  it,  but 
in  this  age  of  new  things  it  has  become  ancient  his- 
tory, and  Calaveras  county  is  no  longer  looked  upon 
as  a  pocket  mining  section,  though  doubtless  many 
undiscovered  thousands  still  remain. 

There  are  a  large  number  of  pocket  mines  located 
in  Mariposa  and  Tuolumne  counties,  and  some  un- 
informed persons  seem  to  entertain  the  opinion  that 
pocket  mining  is  exclusively  engaged  in  in  those 
counties.  This  is  a  mistake,  however,  for  both  of 
these  counties  have  produced  many  millions  of 
dollars  from  vein  mines  as  distinctly  different  from 
pocket  mines  as  those  of  Amador  county,  and  there 
are  many  mines  in  operation  there  to-day  employing 
a  large  number  of  men  and  producing  in  the  aggre- 
gate much  more  than  the  pocket  mines. 

The  Famous  Bonanza  Mine.  —  The  most  famous 
pocket  mine  of  late  years  in  this  State  is  the 
Bonanza,  at  Sonora,  in  Tuolumne  county.  It  is  situ- 
ated in  the  northern  suburbs  of  the  town  on  a  smooth 
sloping  hill. 

This  mine,  with  a  record  exceeding  $2,000,000,  is  a 
very  peculiar  one,  and  while  really  not  unlike  other 
pocket  mines  in  some  important  features,  is  never- 
theless a  most  remarkable  mine  for  many  reasons. 
The  pockets  have  ranged  in  value  from  about  $4000 
to  over  $300,000.  One  pocket,  the  largest,  yielded 
gold  weighing  over  1000  pounds  avoirdupois,  a  glit- 
tering mass  of  bright  virgin  gold  with  a  consider- 
able quantity  of  telluride  of  gold  (petzite). 

The  total  cuttings  in  the  mine,  including  shafts, 
tunnels,  winzes,  levels,  stopes,  etc.,  are  about  5000 
feet.  The  deepest  point  reached  in  the  mine  is 
something  more  than  1300  feet  below  the  eroppings 
on  the  incline  (about  20"). 

The  surface  plant  consists  of  a  hoisting  and  pump- 
ing plant,  an  air  compressor  used  to  run  drills, 
pumps  and  hoists  underground,  and  a  mill  of  two 
stamps.  Prior  to  the  erection  of  the  mill  about  a 
million  and  a  half  had  been  obtained  by  using  haud 
mortars.  It  has  not  infrequently  occurred  since  the 
introduction  of  the  mill  that,  when  making  a  run,  it 
has  been  necessary  to  hang  up  the  stamps  every 
1iour-oc  so  to  remove  the  gold  from  the  batterv, 
which  had  become  too  much  loaded  with  the  precious 
metal  to  permit  further  successful  operation. 

The  value  is  chiefly  in  the  metallic  gold,  most  of 
which  is  visible  to  the  unaided  eye.  Tellurides  of 
gold  and  silver  (petzite  and  sylvanite)  also  commonly 
occur.  A  small  amount  of  iron  sulphuret  is  fre- 
quently present. 

It  is  a  notable  fact  that  the  rock  at  a  few  feet,  or 
even  a  few  inches,  from  a  pocket  of  gold,  no  matter 
how  large,  is  entirely  destitute  of  precious  metal, 
merely  a  trace  being  obtainable  by  lire  assay.  The 
pockets  ordinarily  ranged  from  $20,000  to  $50,000. 
I  was  told  a  few  months  ago  that  $4000  were  ob- 
tained by  sorting  over  the  old  dumps  on  Bonanza 
hill,  where  the  early  excavations  were  made.  The 
gutter-like  depression  now  marked  by  the  main 
street  of  the  pretty  little  town  of  Sonora,  headed  on 
Bonanza  hill,  and  a  golden  harvest  resulted  from 
washing  the  gravel  of  this  depression.  It  was  this, 
in  fact,  that  led  to  the  discovery  of  the  Bonanza 
mine.  The  method  of  "surfacing"  for  pockets  will 
be  described  later. 

GE0L0OY  OF  THE   BONANZA    MINE. 

The  Bonanza  "vein,"  as  it  may  be  termed,  though 
really  a  misnomer,  is  a  dike  of  eruptive  rock  of  light 
ashy-gray  color,  through  which  is  disseminated 
greenish  scales  of  chloritic  mineral.     Having  never 


made  a  chemical  or  microscopic  examination  of  the 
rock,  I  cau  only  describe  its  physical  appearance.  It 
may  be  a  fact  worthy  of  note  that  greenish  scales  are 
found  in  the  dikes  of  many  rich  mines  of  California, 
and  in  some  other  pocket  mines.  Near  the  surface 
the  rock  is  much  altered,  stained  with  iron  oxide, 
and  banded  in  peculiar  waving  lines.  It  might  easily 
be  mistaken  for  a  rotten  sandstone,  having  agranular 
texture  quite  similar  to  sandstones.  Specimens  of 
this  dike,  both  altered  and  fresh,  may  be  seen  in  the 
museum  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau. 

The  Bonanza  dike  is  from  eight  to  sixteen  feet  in 
thickness,  striking  north,  30°  east,  and  dipping  20°  to 
25J  north,  60°  west.  It  cuts  all  the  metamorphic 
rocks  (slates,  schists,  limestones,  etc.),  and  the  older 
crystalline  eruptives  (diorite). 

The  strike  of  the  general  country  rock  at  this  place 
is  north  30  west,  with  a  uniform  dip  to  the  north 
eastward  at  05°  to  70°.  It  will  be  noticed  that 
the  dip  of  the  dike  is  not  parallel  to  the  strike  of  the 
slates,  but  in  a  direction  30"  more  to  the  westward. 
The  country  rock  which  forms  the  foot  and  hang- 
ing walls  of  the  dike  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the 
pay  chute  are  as  follows,  passing  from  west  to  east: 
a  firm  argillaceous  rock,  known  among  miners  as 
"block  slates:"  and  having  a  decided  tendency  to 
break  up  in  triangular  masses  with  smooth  faces. 
This  is  succeeded  by  a  strip  of  black  slate 
four  to  twelve  feet  wide  and  containing  an 
abundance  of  pyrite  (iron  sulpburets).  This  rock 
has  a  well-marked  slaty  cleavage.  It  is  sepa- 
rated from  the  block  slate  by  a  narrow  fissure, 
which  has  been  persistently  followed  for  hun- 
dreds of  feet  in  the  mine  workings,  the  guide, 
as  it  were,  to  the  treasure  spots  of  this  wonderful 
mine.  This  fissure  is  sometimes  an  open  crevise  an 
inch  or  two  wide,  again  it  contains  a  narrow  seam  of 
quartz,  and  here  and  there  a  peculiar,  much  decom- 
posed material  is  seen  which  I  believe  to  be  the  re- 
mains of  a  thin  sheetof  intrusive  rock.  A  soft  black 
mineral  substance  commonly  occurs  in  the  fissure.  I 
made  no  test  of  it.  though  it  is  probably  iron  and 
manganese.  This  fissure,  in  the  language  of  the 
pocket  miner,  is  called  a  "crossing,"  and  is  the 
strongest  and  best  defined  of  a  series  of  four  fissures 
which  occur  here,  having  a  general  parallelism,  and 
separated  from  each  other  by  two  to  five  feet  of  the 
pyri tous  slate.  These  fissures  or  "crossings"  are 
usually  within  the  limits  of  the  pyritous  slate  belt. 

Lying  to  the  eastward  of  the  pyritous  slate  is 
found  a  hard,  dense  silicious  rock,  having  a  semi-slaty 
structure.  This  rock  is  from  twelve  to  twenty  feet  in 
thickness,  and  is  succeeded  by  a  thin  strip  of  black 
slate,  beyond  which  is  found  the  crystalline  lime- 
stone, which  is  a  mile  or  more  broad.  It  has  a  de- 
cided schistose  structure  near  its  contact  with  the 
clay  slate. 

The  country  rock  is  traversed  by  numerous  large 
dikes  of  green  rock  (diorite)  which  have  a  strike 
usually  about  north.  65s  east.  These  dikes  are 
mostly  older  than  the  Bonanza  dike  which  cuts  them 
(the  exception  will  be  noted  later),  though  sometimes 
appearing  to  be  disturbed  at  the  contact. 

The  Bonanza  dike,  as  has  been  stated,  is  from 
eight  to  sixteen  feet  wide.  Within  this  mass  of  in- 
trusive rock  there  occurs,  usually  in  the  upper  por- 
tion of  the  mine,  three  veins  of  quartz  -one  lying 
along  the  upper  or  hanging-wall  side,  one  on  or  near 
footwall  and  the  third  in  the  center  of  the  dike.  The 
longitudinal  extent  of  these  veins  has  never  been  de- 
termined, as  the  workings  have  been  confined  almost 
exclusively  to  that  portion  of  the  formation  along 
and  adjacent  to  the  four  "crossings  "  and  the  black 
pyritous  slate;  therefore  little  is  known  of  the 
Bonanza  dike  outside  the  limits  of  this  richly  spotted 
pay  shoot,  for  it  is  a  remarkable  fact  that  the  gold  is 
found  only  within  the  limits  of  the  pyritous  slate 
zone,  and  then  only  along  the  fissures  (crossings)  at 
such  points  as  will  be  explained. 

In  addition  to  the  "crossings"  is  found  another 
system  of  fissures,  mere  knife-blade  veinlets,  called 
"  gold  seams."  It  is  at  the  intersection  of  a  "  cross- 
ing "  and  a  "gold  seam "  that  the  pocket  hunter 
hopes  to  find  his  reward,  and  he  often  does— a  most 
substantial  one.  These  "  gold  seams  "  lie  out  in  the 
country  rock — in  this  case,  in  the  slates  both  above 
and  below  the  dike.  Their  strike  is  quite  uniformly 
60°  east  of  north,  directly  at  a  right  angle  to  the 
strike  of  the  slates.  They  all  have  a  southeasterly 
pitch,  but  at  greatly  varying  angles,  ranging  from 
about  the  plane  of  the  horizon  to  nearly  perpendicu- 
lar. Strange  to  say,  however,  those  found  with  an 
inclination  of  about  45°,  seem  to  have  been  attended 
with  the  best  results. 

These  "gold  seams  "  cut  down  through  the  slates 
and  other  rocks  reaching  the  hanging-wall,  side  of 
the  dike.  They  do  not  pass  directly  through  the 
dike,  but  are  usually  found  coursing  in  a  more  or  less 
erratic  manner  on  their  downward  trend  through 
the  dike  to  the  footwall  side,  where  the  regular 
course  is  resumed  in  the  slates.  The  gold  seams 
within  the  limits  of  the  dike  are  represented  by  nar- 
row seams  of  quartz.  Within  the  slate  areas  they 
are  merely  cracks. 

The  footwall  and  hanging-wall  of  the  Bonanza  dike 
are  planes  of  displacement;  a  movement  of  about  six- 
teen feet  has  taken  place.  It  is  a  "thrust"  fault, 
with  a  side  throw  of  about  equal  distance — that  is, 
sixteen  feet.     To  make  this  more  intelligible,  we  will 


assume  the  footwall  slates,  etc.,  to  have  remained 
stationary;  the  hanging- wall  country  has  moved  up- 
ward relatively  to  this  footwall,  a  distance  of  sixteen 
feet  and  about  the  same  distance  to  the  westward, 
the  dike  simply  separating  the  two  massess.  All  of 
the  rock  strata,  the  crossings  and  gold  seams  seen  in 
the  hanging-wall  country  are  found  repeated  in  the 
footwall  side,  but  with  the  displacement  stated. 

The  pockets  of  gold  in  the  Bonanza  mine  have  al- 
ways been  found  at  the  point  of  intersection  of  a 
"crossing"  and  a  "gold  seam,"  on  the  plane  of  the 
quartz  vein  forming  the  upper  one  of  the  series  of 
three.  This  only  obtains  when  the  quartz  was  found 
in  direct  contact  with  the  slates  and  not  separated 
from  them  by  a  strip  of  dike  material.  This  condi- 
tion also  applies  to  the  footwall  side  of  the  dike. 
Some  gold  has  been  found  in  the  central  quartz  vein, 
at  the  intersection  of  "gold  seams"  and  "cross- 
ings," though  far  less  than  at  the  slate  contacts. 
Perhaps  the  most  remark  able  feature  of  this  wonder- 
ful mine  is  in  the  mechanical  regularity  with  which 
gold  pockets  appear  to  have  been  distributed.  I 
was  told  by  Mr.  Oliver,  who  for  years  superintended 
this  mine  and  who  knew  its  peculiarities  well,  that 
the  pockets  were  found  at  alternate  favorable  points. 
Having  found  a  pocket  at  the  proper  intersection  of 
seams  and  crossings,  etc.,  the  next  crossing  would 
apparently  have  all  the  requisite  conditions  while  no 
gold  was  found,  but  the  next  would  be  found  to  be 
the  nucleus  of  a  pocket.  This  peculiar  fact  has 
never  been  accounted  for  satisfactorily.  The  miners 
were  satisfied  to  find  a  pocket,  and  they  didn't 
trouble  themselves  about  how  it  came  there. 

In  the  lower  levels  of  the  mine  the  three  quartz 
veins  found  in  the  dike  above  appear  to  have  united 
and  formed  a  single  vein  two  to  four  feet  thick  near 
the  center  of  the  dike,  being  separated  from  the 
slates  above  and  below  by  six  to  ten  feet  of  dike 
material,  and,  as  a  consequence,  pockets  of  late  have 
been  both  few  and  small. 

The  country  rock  has  been  greatly  disturbed  by 
the  intrusion  of  a  number  of  large  diorite  dikes,  one 
of  which  is  evidently  younger  than  the  Bonanza  dike. 
The  hope  has  been  that  by  sinking  deeper  this  dis- 
turbed region  may  be  passed  and  that  the  same  con- 
ditions found  above  may  be  discovered  beyond  with 
the  rich  deposits  of  gold. 


Telephones  for  Mining. 


Many  difficulties  attach  to  the  use  of  the  telephone 
in  mining  operations,  not  the  least  of  which  is  the 
liability  of  the  wires  to  be  broken  by'falling  rock  or 
shattered  in  blasts.  The  apparatus  itself  is  also 
attacked  by  many  troubles  peculiar  to  the  situation. 
Yet  the  advantages  of  telephonic  communication  in  a 
mine  are  numerous,  and  the  service  is  now  frequently 
resorted  to.  In  the  telephone  sets  thus  used  as  little 
metal  as  possible  is  employed,  and  that  little  is  care- 
fully protected  from  exposure  to  the  air.  It  has 
been  found  that  for  a  set  to  be  used  in  a  mine,  wood 
is  the  best  material  It  is  creosoted  and  thoroughly 
covered  with  a  waterproof  paint.  As  far  as  possible 
all  joints  are  dovetailed,  or  elaborately  packed.  As 
it  is  necessary  to  have  the  gongs  for  the  bells  on  the 
outside  of  the  box,  as  well  as  the  haudle  of  the  mag- 
neto generator,  the  familiar  crank  and  the  little 
hammer  between  the  bells  enter  the  box  through 
glands  that  are  water-tight.  The  transmitter  and 
receiver  are  also  cooped  up  within  the  box,  and  con- 
nected with  the  outside  by  means  of  long  flexible 
tubes,  the  interiors  of  which  are  of  metal.  It  has 
been  found  that  in  this  way  the  moisture  is  condensed 
on  the  sides  of  the  long  tubes,  and  little  or  none  on 
the  diaphragms.  If  exposed,  the  iron  diaphragms 
would  last  but  a  few  weeks;  as  it  is,  they  have  been 
made  in  this  way  to  last  an  indefinite  time. 


Prospecting  Enterprises  in  Nevada. 


Some  of  our  people,  says  Dan  De  Quille,  are  talk- 
ing of  striking  out  into  the  central  and  eastern  parts 
of  the  State  in  April  or  May  to  prospect  for  gold. 
They  will  not  look  for  or  try  to  do  anything  with 
silver-bearing  veius,  unless  they  find  pure  metal  on 
the  surface.  The  miners  who  have  small  gold  veins 
in  the  vicinity  of  Hawthorn,  Silver  Star  and  other 
gold-bearing  sections  are  "making  a  live  of  it,"  and 
that  is  more  than  men  are  doing  here  who  cannot  get 
a  place  in  one  of  the  mines.  It  is  seen  that  those  of 
our  people  who  go  to  these  little  goltl  camps  seldom 
come  back  to  the  Comstock.  As  soon  as  they  be- 
come acquainted  with  the  nature  of  the  veins  they 
get  a  hold  somewhere  and  stay.  In  all  the  gold  bells 
where  paying  mines  have  been  found  there  is  a  chance 
of  finding  other  veins  that  will  pay;  besides,  there 
are  vast  tracts  of  country  that  still  remain  to  be  ex- 
plored. In  many  sections  where  there  are  mountains 
there  are  metals  of  some  kind.  This  State  offers  a 
fine  gold  field  for  prospectors.  There  are  prob- 
ably veins  here  rich  in  gold  that  our  prospectors 
would  hardly  look  at.  We  here  know  nothing 
about  any  "gold  ores,"  and  pay  no  attention  to 
any  kind  of  quartz  that  does  not  show  "free  gold." 
There  are  probably  ores  here  in  many  places  that 
would  pay  well  if  worked  by  the  new  processes  now 
l?eing  used. 


March  2     1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


13a 


■  Some  Mining   Experts. 


tVhtll 


To  in  k  Editor: — Nature  has  shown  what  may 
bo  done  under  favorable  climatic  conditions  in 
this  far-western  country  of  ours,  not  alone  in 
the  vegetable  and  animal  kingdom,  in  forests 
unpqualed  elsewhere  for  individual  growth  and 
numeral  extent,  oitrus  fruits  and  garden  truck, 
fasi    horses    and    handsome    women,    but     another 

most  prolific  crop,  not  wholly   indigei s  to  the  soil, 

has  not  received  the   recognition  duo  its  attainments 
and    unworth.     This  is  the  abundant   herd    of   home 
made,  sell  appointed  ''mining experts,"  who,  within 

a  few  short  months  or  years,  without  study  or  prac- 
tice in  scl I  or  field,    are    possessed    of    a    depth    of 

learning  and  a  knack  of  reading  the  "great  stone 
book  of  nature."  truly  marvelous  to  less  gifted 
lifetime  plodders  in  the  mineral  world. 

Not  alone  is  the  layman  in  mining  affairs,  who  is 
looking  for  an  investment  of  his  surplus  coin  taken 
in.  for  the  shrewdest  of  men,  having  no  knowledge 
ning.  may  be  persuaded  by  the  suave  bearing 
and  stock  technicalitcs  of  the  operator,  but  the 
profound  indifference — to  call  it  kindly — with  which 
the  mining  public  have  acquired  the  faculty  of  ab- 
sorbing any  and  all  kinds  of  traveling  "mining  ex- 
perts "  passes  belief.  Given  a  high  per  cent  of  gall, 
an  agreeable  presence  and  conversational  power — 
the  stock  in  trade — they  just  drop  in  on  a  mining 
community  either  to  expert  (?)  a  mine  or  something 
with  dollars  in  view,  do  a  judicious  amount  of  chin 
work  and  the  native  is  captured.  Now,  to  a  tree- 
roosting  Zaccheus,  this  is  all  very  amusing  and  re- 
freshing, but  it  becomes  most  monotonous  when  these 
people  again  and  again — knowing  they  have  been 
"  done  up  " — keep  on  "  kissing  the  rod."  I  doubt  if 
a  single  mining  camp  of  the  West  can  claim  freedom 
from  this  charge.  Strange,  isn't  it,  this  Jonah's 
gourd  variety  of  experts  never  gravitate  to  or  care 
to  know  the  leading  mine  superintendents  or  repu- 
table mining  men  of  known  standing  in  a  com- 
munity, rather  airing  themselves  on  other  subjects, 
barely  touching  on  mining,  with  a  half-concealed, 
half-revealed  reserve  of  information  that  seldom  fails 
to  complete  the  capture  of  the  unsophisticated 
listener  in  hotels  and  bar-rooms.  Several  known  to 
the  writer  have  acquired  lungs  and  mining  lore  in 
this  most  delectable  clime,  possessing  neither  of 
moment  when  they  got  here. 

The  most  delicious  part  of  the  whole  affair  is  the 
bland  affability  of  these  ex-Counts,  bee-herders,  bar- 
keepers, and  what  not,  toward  their  admiring  con- 
stituency and  generally  lack-lustcr-mentally  ad- 
mirers. Tim  subject  is  very  provocative  of  sarcasm 
and  ridicule,  hurtful  as  it  is  to  legitimate  mining, 
but  where's  the  use;  the  general  public  mayor  might 
appreciate  such  a  straying  from  the  trail  of  mine 
correspondence,  yet  those  for  whom  it  is  intended 
would  smilingly  and  kindly  pat  themselves  on  the 
back  and  thank  their  precious  God,  "They  were  not 
as  other  men  !  "  and  apply  it  to  the  other  fellow. 
Hence  the  casual  reader  will  appreciate  the  difficul- 
ties under  which  the  writer  labors. 

From  where  come  these  warts  on  the  face  of  the 
mining  industry,  neither  ornamental  nor  useful  ? 
All  fields  of  business  and  grades  of  idleness  are  rep- 
resented, though  they  are  largely  recruited  from 
the  whisky  men;  barkeepers  probably  have  the  first 
call.  Generally  the  only  public  resort  in  a  mining 
camp  is  the  saloon.  It  is  there  men  bring  their  ore 
samples  to  show  improvement  in  development  or 
talk  over  some  new  find.  The  "  barkeep  " — "fly" 
fellows  as  a  rule,  chronically  opposed  to  manual 
labor — naturally  gleans  considerable  information  of 
the  local  conditions  of  ore  deposits.  He,  if  any  one, 
sees  through  the  veneer  of  the  galvanized,  itinerant 
mining  expert,  with  the  natural  inference:  "If  that 
fellow  is  an  expert  I'll  just  try  it  a  jolt  myself."  So 
he  hies  himself  to  some  distant  point  and  proclaims 
himself,  and  with  his  knowledge  of  human  nature, 
acquired  in  "  setting 'em  up,"  and  control  of  nerve 
and  countenance  in  "standing  pat  on  a  four-card 
flush,"  he  is  apt  to  make  it  win. 

A  close  second  are  store  clerks  from  mining 
camps.  What  affinity  there  is  between  soap  and 
sugar  and  the  science  of  mining  is  beyond  my  feeble 
ken.  Yet  it  must  exist,  else  why  so  many  graduates 
from  behind  the  counter.  Due  credit  should  be  given 
to  the  large  contingent  reaching  from  the  saw-log 
expert  of  the  Puget  Sound  to  the  bee  vaquero  and 
alfalfa  brother  of  California  and  Arizona.  The  ma- 
jority of  this  latter  constituency  simply  mine-expert 
as  a  pastime,  as  a  sort  of  lesser  side  issue  to  herding 
the  festive  bee  or  wrestling  with  the  alfalfa  or  ruta- 
baga broblem. 

Let  us  not  forget  the  "Broker  "  and  "Mine  Pro- 
moter." These  are  slick  talkers  to  people  not 
familiar  with  mining.  The  "Counts"  and  "Dukes" 
of  kindly  advice  (for  coin  of  the  realm),  with  a  goodly 
(no  pun)  quota  of  ex-parsons,  who  certainly,  having 
full  power  to  down  the  devil,  are  qualified  to  best 
any  earthly  foe.  They  rank  as  generals,  colonels 
and  majors,  never  a  lower  rank,  with  a  scattering  of 
professors. 

Now,  many  of  these  are  bawling,  noisy  creatures, 
the  loud-voiced  recitals  of  their  mining  exploits,  con- 
veniently in  some  distant  field,  are  in  continual  evi- 
dence.    The  whole  matter  of   talk   revolves   around 


one  central  nucleus,  i.  v.,  the  first  persona]  pronoun. 
They  toot  their  horn  with  a  vim  and  continuity 
Mattering  to  the  lung-building  power  of  our  ozone- 
charged  atmosphere.    And.  do  you  know,  this  brazen 

mouthing  is  really  convincing  to  some  otherwise  sane 
people.  Again  others  do  the  whispering  act.  They 
are  the  most  dangerous,  for.  keeping  their  mouths 
shut  and  looking  wise,  they  gather  all  the  informa- 
tion possible  in  camp  and  build  their  reports  ther 

All  work  any  secret  orders  they  may  he  member!  Ol 
for  all  that  is  in  them,  and  it  is  a  very  strong  card, 
you  may  be  assured. 

It  would  be  well  not  to  refer  to  the  civil   engil I 

who  think,  because  they  are  familiar  with  the  work 
ing   of    a    surveying    instrument,    they    are    thereby 

qualified  to  write  themselves  "  mining  engineers." 

A  civil  engineer  is  m re  a  mining  engineer  than 

an  ordinary  engine  driver  is  a  machinist.  A  mining 
engineer,  or  •■expert,'  presupposes  an  intimate 
knowledge,  in  the  licld.  of  mineralogy  and  mining 
geology,  the  method  of  attacking  and  actual  de- 
velopment of  any  class  of  mines,  a  further  practical 
acquaintance  with  mining  chemistry,  in  fact,  from 
underground  surveying,  the  assaying  and  analysis  of 
ores,  to  the  brittling  or  tempering  of  drill  or  pick, 
and  the  placing  of  any  or  all  mine  timbers. 

For  this,  a  wide  and  practical  field  knowledge, 
added  to  thorough  and  constant  study  in  books  and 
leading  mining  journals,  to  keep  abreast  of  the  im- 
provements and  experiences  of  others,  is  essential. 

In  view  of  these  varieties,  and  granting  there  are 
bright  men  interested  in  legitimate  mining,  grown 
gray  in  the  service,  who  are  often  in  doubt  and  hesi- 
tate to  pass  on  the  value  of  a  mine,  does  it  appear 
reasonable  that  others,  having  but  a  superficial 
knowledge  of  the  business,  probably  acquired  as 
manager,  should  be  able  to  read  the  riddle  of  a  min- 
ing proposition's  future,  if  indeed  of  its  present 
value.  The  following  quotation  is  true  to  the  letter: 
"  There  are  belts  and  lodes  of  mineral  in  the  earth 
that  have  certain  limit,  sure  and  certain  manner  of 
occurrence  and  regular  deposition.  Here  the  min- 
eralogist and  geologist  step  in  and  define  them, 
toiling  away  until  the  rocks  tell  their  own  story  of 
hidden  treasure.  By  deductions  the  geologist 
locates  mineral  belts,  natural  gas,  oil,  marble  and 
minerals."  It  is  not  to  be  forgotten  that  his  theories 
have  to  be  tried  in  the  crucible  of  experience.  Min- 
ing is  expensive  at  best,  and  where  wise,  careful  and 
competent  advice  is  not  had  the  chances  are  all  in 
favor  of  failure  and  consequent  harm  to  an  entire 
community.  Particularly  is  this  incompetent  advice 
disastrous  in  the  inception  of  a  mining  enterprise  in 
an  untried  field,  where  the  highest  degree  of 
efficiency  and  experience  is  required.  Just  one  bad 
break  in  a  struggling  young  camp  and  its  growth  is 
retarded  for  years,  if  not  damned  eternally.  In 
support  of  this  assertion  I  refer  the  reader  to  his 
own  or  his  neighbor's  experience,  if  a  miner. 

Taylor  D.  MacIjEod. 

Yuma,  Arizona,  Feb.  23d,  '95. 


An  Old-Time  Mine  Hoisting  Apparatus. 


The  man  engine,  familiar  enough  to  underground 
miners  of  a  generation  or  two  ago,  is  fast  becoming 
a  relic,  and  many  engineers  there  are  to-day  who 
have  never  seen  one,  nor  even  an  illustration  of  one. 
With  but  few  exceptions,  in  fact,  at  the  famous 
Calumet  and  Hecla  mines  in  the  United  States,  for 
example,  and  in  some  of  the  old  European  mining 
districts,  the  man  engine  has  long  since  been  aban- 
doned for  the  modern  hoisting  plant,  and  the  ex- 
perience of  ascending  or  descending  a  mine  shaft, 
platform  by  platform,  or  the  steadily  up  and  down 
going  rods  of  the  old-fashion  apparatus,  is  one  for 
which  all  opportunity  will  soon  have  gone.  To  the 
many  who  do  not  know  the  man  engine,  even  by 
name,  it  may  be  interesting  to  be  told  that  it  con- 
sists of  little  more  than  a  rod,  vertical  generally, 
though  sometimes  inclined,  depending  upon  the  run 
of  the  shaft,  extending  from  the  surface  to  the  bot- 
tom of  the  mine,  and  moved  up  and  down  like  a 
pump  rod  by  means  of  a  steam  engine  or  a  water- 
wheel.  The  length  of  travel  of  the  rod  commonly 
adopted  is  twelve  feet,  and  at  intervals,  equal  to  the 
length  of  the  stroke,  small  platforms  are  fastened  to 
the  rod,  while  corresponding  platforms  are  fixed  to 
the  walls  of  the  shaft  on  either  side  of  the  rod,  and 
at  points  corresponding  to  the  limits  of  the  stroke, 
both  up  and  down. 

A  miner  in  descending,  say,  steps  on  a  platform 
on  the  rod  just  as  the  down  stroke  begins,  and  steps 
off  onto  the  platform  in  the  shaft  which  he  reaches 
at  the  lower  end  of  the  stroke,  repeating  the  opera- 
tion till  he  reaches  his  destination.  In  ascending, 
similarly,  a  miner  steps  onto  a  platform  on  the  rod 
as  the  upward  stroke  begins  and  leaves  it  at  the  end 
of  the  stroke.  Ascent  and  descent,  as  will  readily 
be  understood,  may  proceed  simultaneously  without 
interruption,  the  fixed  platform  on  one  side  of  the 
shaft  being  reserved  for  the  men  ascending,  and 
those  on  the  other  side  for  the  men  descending,  each 
man  stepping  on  his  proper  platform  on  the  recipro- 
cating rod  as  it  is  vacated,  at  the  moment  of  rest  be- 
tween the  strokes,  by  the  men  going  in  the  opposite 
direction.  This  form  of  single-rod  man  engine  is 
even  now  in  use  in  Cornwall,  and  in  Scotland.  In 
the  Harz  mines,  in  Germany,    the   birthplace  of  the 


man  engine,  the  double-roil  engine  is  in  use,  the  two 
moving  up  and  down  alternately,   in  opposite 

directions,  and.  accordingly,  carrying  the  men  at 
twice  the  speed  that  can  be'  attained  with  the  single- 
rod  kind.  The  apparatus  corresponds  practically  to 
a  ladder  with  movable  steps,  the  miner  having 
nothing  to  do  but  to  move  slightly  side  wise  in  order 

lo  phe  c  himself  on  the  step  about   to  go   up  or  down. 

according  as  he  wishes  to  ascend  or  descend,     fas 
sier's  Magazine. 

••  Reporting  on  Mines,"   Etc. 


Toiuk  Editor:  Discussing  this  subject  in  a  re- 
cent issue  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  Mr. 

E.  I''.  Scbaeffle  has  a  good  word  to  say  for  the  ordi- 
nary miner's  report,  while  slightly  reflei  ting  on  the 

more  elaborate  ones  made   by    experts.      Personally, 

1  have  very  little  use  for  the  latter,  but  it  does  not 
follow  that  the  average  miner  is  a  luminary  on  the 
subject  of  his  own  mine.  Put  au  advertisement  in  a 
paper  for  a  mine  and  see  what  descriptions  you  will 
receive  from  owners. 

Most  of  them  will  consist  of  a  few  lines  on  a  page 
or  two  of  note  paper,  giving  no  information  what- 
ever, and  asking  you  to  ''  come  and  see  for  yourself." 
Mr.  Schaeffie  says,  truthfully:  The  average  buyer 
requires  the  "location  of  a  mine;  its  situation  as  to 
roads  and  water  power;  the  character  of  the  ore, 
average  width  of  the  vein;  length  of  the  'shoot, 
with  sketch  showing  developments;  average  sample 
of  the  vein,  etc."  If  he  has  succeeded  in  getting 
these  few  simple  requirements  from  owners,  he  has 
been  more  fortunate  than  I  have  ever  been.  One 
would  think  that  a  man  living  on  his  property  for 
years  should  be  able  to  enlighten  you  on  these 
points,  but  my  experience  has  been  that  he  is  not. 
In  many  cases  1  admit  he  has  good  reason  not  to  tell 
the  exact  truth,  but  much  of  his  reticence  is  also  due 
to  innocent  ignorance.  One  who  has  been  about 
mines  much  knows  well  how  infatuated  some  owners 
become  with  their  properties.  1  know  of  a  case 
where  a  miner  has  been  at  work  for  nineteen  years 
on  a  tunnel  which  he  has  driven  in  nearly  1000  feet 
on  a  broken  or  almost  barren  vein.  Some  time  ago 
I  visited  a  mine  whose  owner  made  a  boast  that  it 
had  been  condemned  by  ten .  experts.  I  carefully 
sampled  the  twenty-nine-foot  vein,  with  the  assist- 
ance of  that  very  owner,  and  found  that  the  ore  did 
not  go  seventy-five  cents  to  the  ton,  and  I  have  no 
doubt  that  the  said  owner  has  ever  since  been  con- 
sidering me  as  big  a  fool  as  the  others. 

The  ordinary  miner,  even  when  acting  in  good 
faith,  does  not  happen  to  be  an  authority  on  the 
quality  of  his  own  mine;  but,  unfortunately,  his  more 
intelligent  and  successful  brother  is  hardly  more 
satisfactory  in  this  respect.  If  you  ask  the  owner 
of  a  producing  mine  for  data  concerning  his  property, 
he  will  often  demand  a  large  sum  of  money  to  be  put 
up  as  a  forfeit  before  he  will  even  talk.  This  is 
foolish.  There  are  mine  owners  and  mine  buyers; 
these  are  thousands  of  miles  apart,  as  a  rule,  and 
have  rarely  heard  of  one  another.  A  party  chances 
to  be  in  California  who  might  be  the  missing  link  be- 
tween the  two.  He  hears  of  a  certain  mine  with  a 
big  (newspaper)  reputation,  and  thinks  it  might  be 
acceptable  to  certain  bankers  or  syndicates  he  knows 
in  New  York  and  London.  He  applies  to  the  owner 
in  the  way  of  business,  and  he  is  told  to  put  up  a  de- 
posit if  he  wauts  to  negotiate.  Why  should  he  put 
up  money  on  something  he  does  not  know  anything 
about  ?  People,  do  not  want  a  mine  until  they  know 
what  it  is,  and  how  can  they  know  what  it  is  unless 
the  owner  gives  them  the  information  or  permits  an 
expert's  examination  ?  Owners  seem  to  think  a 
mine  is  bought  like  a  horse  or  a  pair  of  blankets. 

This  is  never  the  case  in  operations  on  a  large 
scale,  at  least.  There  is  no  one  single  man  who  is 
ready  to  pay  $500,000  or  $1,000,000  for  a  mine.  A 
large  mine  is  always  taken  by  companies,  and  to  or- 
ganize companies  requires  months  of  hard  work, 
high  financial  influence,  and  a  vast  outlay  of  diplo- 
matic skill.  The  usual  history  of  a  successful  mining 
deal  is  something  that  people  here  know  very  little 
about,  and  is  simply  this:  A  promoter,  middleman, 
or  whatever  you  choose  to  call  him,  gets  a  report 
and  an  option  (generally  from  sixty  to  ninety  days) 
on  a  mine,  and  sends  the  proposition  to  his  syndicate 
in  the  East  or  abroad.  These  proceed  to  expert  the 
property  and,  if  all  right,  make  a  partial  payment  for 
an  extension  of  time,  and  then  begin  to  work  up  a 
deal  which  will  cost  them  from  $25,000  to  $75,000  be- 
fore they  get  through.  If  it  is  not  a  "  go,"  they  are 
out  this  sum;  and  it  is  the  expense  that  must  be  in- 
curred in  every  venture  of  this  character  that  makes 
it  so  difficult  to  get  mines  considered  by  capitalists. 

There  are  no  exceptions  to  this  rule.  The  Jose- 
phine, the  Union,  the  Ilex,  the  Valley  Gold,  the 
Sierra  Buttes,  and  recently  the  Elkhorn,  the  De 
Lamar  and  Harqua  Hala  were  all  sold  in  this  manner. 
It  is  amusing  to  read  in  the  newspapers  or  to  hear 
owners  talk  of  the  million  or  two  millions  they  have 
been  just  offered  outright  for  their  properties  and 
which  they  "refused,"  of  course. 

Mr.  Schaeffie  has  done  well  to  moot  this  topic,  for 
it  is  one  concerning  which  there  is  a  great  deal  to  be 
learned  by  miners,  both  obscure  and  conspicuous  — 
especially  the  latter.  Alpha, 


134 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  2,  1895. 


Men  Whose  Labor  is  Slowly  Fatal. 


That  the  conditions  surrounding  some  of  the 
trades  known  as  unhealthy  or  dangerous  have  been 
mitigated  by  the  appliances  of  science,  is  an  un- 
doubted fact.  Still  these  cases  are  few,  and  in  many 
instances,  through  the  cupidity  of  employers,  the 
safeguards  which  science  has  provided  is  neglected. 
Very  often  the  workers  themselves  are  the  victims 
of  their  own  recklessness. 

Of  the  trades  which  tend  to  shorten  life,  the  pol- 
ishing and  grinding  trades  have  probably  the  most 
victims.  Formerly  the  mortality  of  people  who  used 
to  work  in  the  needle  factories  was  so  great  that 
special  legislation  had  to  be  invoked. 

The  wages  of  these  people  were  considered  high. 
In  fact,  people  are  tempted  by  high  wages  to  engage 
in  them,  with  a  full  knowledge  that  their  span  of  life 
would  be  shortened. 

The  whirring,  grinding  machinery  filled  the  air 
with  metallic  dust,  which  entered  the  lungs,  no  mat- 
ter what  precautions  were  taken.  All  kinds  of 
guards  were  tried  and  proved  failures,  until  a  frame- 
work of  magnets  to  fit  around  the  mouth  and  nos- 
trils of  the  workers  was  invented. 

This  attracted  the  metallic  particles  and  obviated 
the  evil.  The  apparatus  has  been  improved  and 
modified  until  the  trade  is  a  fairly  healthy  one. 

Brass  workers  are  subject  to  the  same  evil,  but  not 
to  the  same  extent.  Steel  or  iron  being  shorter  in 
"  grain  "  than  brass,  sends  more  minute  and  impal- 
pable clouds  of  dust  in  the  air  when  ground  than 
brass.  Magnets,  however,  will  not  attract  brass 
dust,  so'  that  brass  workers  are  short  lived.  In 
emery  factories,  where  there  is  a  constant  cloud  of 
emery  dust,  various  plans  have  been  adopted  to 
prevent  the  dust  from  entering  the  lungs.  None  of 
them  has  proved  more  than  partially  successful. 

Knife  and  scissors  grinders  live  short  lives.  Even 
if  appliances  are  provided  to  reduce  to  a  minimum 
the  quantity  of  dust  which  enters  their  lungs,  the 
workers  grow  careless  themselves,  just  as  people 
who  are  accustomed  to  walk  on  high  scaffoldings  be- 
come reckless  and  fall  victims  to  carelessness. 

Stone  cutting  and  stone  polishing,  when  the  latter 
is  dry  polishing,  comes  under  the  head  of  the  danger- 
ous trades.  Though  not  as  bad  as  knife  or  scissors 
grinding,  still  particles  of  the  stone  dust  find  their 
way  into  the  lungs,  which  means  consumption  sooner 
or  later. 

The  trades  connected  with  the  manufacture  of 
chemicals,  paints,  the  use  of  paints  and  the  grinding 
of  colors  carry  thousands  of  victims  away  every  year. 
A  labor  leader  who  has  given  years  to  the  subject  of 
these  trades,  says:  "Few  people  can  realize  the 
enormous  number  of  deaths  all  over  the  world  of  peo- 
ple engaged  in  just  such  trades.  No  statistics  that 
were  ever  collected  could  do  justice  to  the  fact.  Why 
do  they  choose  such  trades  ?  you  ask.  All  I  can  say  is 
that  '  all  men  think  all  men  mortal  but  themselves.' 

"  In  some  of  these  trades  the  wages  are  not  even 
tempting,  but  people  have  an  idea  that  they  will  be 
all  right.  All  lead  trades  are  bad;  they  poison  the 
blood,  but  some  people  are  more  susceptible  to  lead 
poisoning  than  others.  Printers  all  know  what 
'  printer's  colic  '  is,  coming  from  handling  the  type. 

"I  have  known  of  men  particularly  susceptible  to 
lead  poisoning  who  have  been  paralyzed  in  one  or 
both  arms  from  handling  types.  This  is  not  a  very 
common  case  however. 

"  Minerals  which  are  liquid  or  semi-liquid  are  the 
worst,"  he  continued.  "They  are  breathed  and 
taken  into  the  lungs  and  carried  through  the  blood. 
Arsenical  paints,  through  their  vapor,  find  their 
way  into  the  lungs  and  stomach.  The  wearing  of 
wet  sponges  before  the  mouth  and  nose  somewhat 
obviates  this." 

One  of  the  most  terrible  trades  in  its  effects  is  the 
making  of  matches,  or  work  in  which  phosphorus 
and  sulphur  are  used.  Efforts  have  been  made  to 
render  it  less  dangerous,  but  science  can  do  little, 
though  the  increased  use  of  machinery  has  rendered 
the  evil  less  than  it  was.  A  man  seen  on  the  sub- 
ject, who  was  once  superintendent  of  a  match  factory, 
said  the  fumes  of  the  phosphorus  act  on  the  teeth 
and  jaws  so  that  the  teeth  loosen  and  fall  out.  Then 
the  jaw  swells  and  the  gums  dry  up.  The  bones  of 
the  jaw  become  brittle,  and  at  last  the  bones  begin 
to  drop  out  in  pieces.  Occasionally  the  skin  swells 
and  the  bones  drop  out  through  the  skin.  Some 
can  stand  it  better  than  others. 

Asked  if  there  was  any  safeguard,  he  said:  "  The 
only  safeguard  is  care.  It  is  a  dangerous  trade,  but 
people  can  make  it  less  dangerous  by  avoiding  the 
inhalation  of  the  fumes.  Some  people  used  to  die'  in 
five  years,  but  more  care  is  taken  now." 

Another  trade  which  used  to  carry  off  many  vic- 
tims is  glass  blowing.  Glass  blowers  inhale  hot  air, 
which  gradually  wears  away  the  delicate  mucous 
covering  of  the  throat  and  lungs  and  death  ensues. 

Dye  works  also  contribute  their  quota  of  victims 
from  lives  shortened  by  inhaling  chemicals. 

It  might  be  asked  how  it  is  that  so  many  healthy 
people  can  be  found  in  these  callings.  The  answer 
is  that  there  are  people  who  are  less  susceptible  to 
such  poisoning  than  others. 

Recklessness  is   the  great  destroyer   of  life.     A 


little  common  sense  makes  some  dangerous  trades 
measurably  safe,  and  the  want  of  it  increases  the 
danger. 

In  the  building  trades  the  housesmiths  take  the 
greater  risks.  There  is  nothing  in  the  work  to 
necessarily  shorten  life  except  that  accidents  occur, 
but  they  are  so  frequent  that  the  trade  is  dangerous. 

Any  one  who  looks  up  at  the  iron  skeletons  of  any 
of  our  great  sky-scraping  buildings  in  process  of 
construction  can  realize  this.  Men  on  giddy  heights 
are  stepping  from  beam  to  beam  when  a  single  false 
step  would  mean  iustant  death.  So  slight  is  the 
balance  sometimes  that  a  sudden  gust  of  wind  or  a 
wet,  slippery  spot  trodden  would  cause  a  worker  to 
lose  his  balance,  and  a  terrible  death  is  his  fate. 

The  list  could  be  lengthened  indefinitely.  In  nearly 
all  trades  which  could  be  called  dangerous  independ- 
ently of  those  which  would  be  called  unhealthy,  the 
habits  of  the  worker  have  a  good  deal  to  do  with  his 
chance  of  longevity. 

Carelessness  and  recklessness  have  caused  more 
deaths  than  all  the  primary  causes  combined  in  the 
dangerous  and  unhealthy  diseases  named. 


About  Gold   flining. 


A  Denver  mining  man,  in  a  letter  to  an  Eastern 
paper,  makes  a  few  pertinent  remarks  on  the  busi- 
ness of  gold  mining  in  his  State,  which  applies  in 
general.  In  giving  emphasis  to  his  statement  that 
success  in  legitimate  mining  depends  as  much,  if  not 
more,  on  business  ability  than  science,  he  says  : 

Occasionally  there  will  be  met  with  a  rich  gold 
mine  which  will  stand  for  a  brief  period  that  kind  of 
reckless  and  extravagant  management  that  would 
send  the  chills  down  the  back  of  a  conservative 
Boston  busiuess  man.  These  mines  are  few  and  far 
between,  but  their  very  existence  does  more  harm 
than  good  from  the  fact  that  the  methods  applied  in 
their  management  are  also  tried  on  other  properties, 
which,  while  possessing  large  wealth  in  gold,  are  not 
of  such  a  nature  as  to  stand  this  kind  of  ' '  kid  glove 
and  champagne  "  management,  and  hence  the  enter- 
prise invariably  ends  disastrously,  and  a  valuable 
mine  is  abandoned  as  worthless. 

All  over  the  western  mining  country  there  are  old 
gold  mines  with  millions  of  dollars  in  low-grade  ores, 
which  were  abandoned  years  ago  at  the  time  the 
silver  excitement  spread  its  allurements  to  the 
miner.  At  the  present  time  our  conservative  and 
wide-awake  mining  men  are  quietly  securing  control 
of  such  properties  as  these.  They  are  equipping 
them  with  modern  plants  of  machinery  and  erecting 
works  for  the  reduction  of  their  ores  by  the  process 
or  processes  which  have  proven  to  be  the  most 
adaptable  to  the  business  of  extracting  gold  from 
just  that  class  of  ores. 

They  are  not  earning  fabulous  dividends  nor  are 
they  losing  anything,  but  they  are  earning  those  div- 
idends which  could  reasonably  be  expected  from  any 
legitimate  manufacturing  enterprise.  This  is  mining 
and  business  combined — the  kind  of  mining  that  fur- 
nishes employment  for  competent  mine  superin- 
tendents, business  men  and  metallurgists,  who  take 
large  interest  in  their  work  of  producing  gold  for 
Uncle  Sam  without  question  of  loss  or  chance.  In 
this  kind  of  mining  you  will  not  find  the  speculator  or 
expert. 

So  now  if  your  Boston  or  New  York  capitalists 
want  to  make  mining  investments,  not  speculations, 
go  to  the  experienced  western  mining  man,  tell  him 
what  you  have  to  invest,  and  above  all,  impress  on 
him  the  fact  that  you  have  no  money  for  speculation, 
but  wish  to  engage  in  some  legitimate  enterprise  as 
a  business  venture  with  as  little  of  that  element 
"chance"  to  enter  into  the  transaction  as  is  possible. 
If  your  mining  man  (don't  call  him  "expert,"  the 
name  applies  too  much  that  is  not  complimentary  in 
this  western  country)  understands  his  business  he 
will  get  you  a  mine  with  ore  in  it,  but  probably  of 
such  low  grade  that  it  will  take  considerable  money 
to  place  it  on  a  paying  basis.  There  are  hundreds 
of  such  mines  in  the  West  whose  owners  know  the 
value  of  their  properties,  but  are  too  poor  to  work 
them  themselves,  and  seldom  find  an  opportunity  to 
sell,  for  the  majority  of  buyers  are  speculators  only 
and  are  frightened  away  by  the  preliminary  outlay 
necessary  to  "  open  up  "  the  mine.  When  you  have 
your  mine  in  view  it  is  no  difficult  matter  to  estimate 
its  real  value,  the  amount  to  be  expended  for  devel- 
opment and  the  value  of  the  ore  bodies,  working, 
costs,  etc. 

The  only  actual  risk  run  is  the  sudden  '  '-playing 
out "  of  the  ores  in  the  mine,  due  to  more  or  less 
geological  peculiarities  for  which  our  Creator  is  alone 
responsible. 

The  register  and  receiver  of  the  Bedding  Land 
Office  publish  a  notice  to  miners  that  the  C.  &  O. 
R.  B.  intends  applying  for  patents  to  the  SEA  of 
section  3,  and  all  of  section  11,  in  township  33  north, 
range  7  west,  and  Si  of  NES,  section  1,  township 
32  north,  range  8  west.  Parties  interested  have  60 
days  in  which  to  protest.  It's  only  a  little  matter 
of  a  million  acres.  The  California  Miners'  Associa- 
tion will  file  a  protest  this  week, 


Protecting  Mineral  Lands. 


Earnest  effort  on  the  part  of  the  Committee  to 
Protect  Mineral  Lands,  appointed  at  the  recent  con- 
vention of  the  California  State  Miners'  Association, 
has  checked  the  process  of  wholesale  transfer  of 
mineral  land  to  the  railway  companies.  The  latest 
attempted  grab  is  reported  from  Redding,  where 
about  1,000,000  acres  are  involved.  The  committee 
is  hard  at  work,  and  their  labor  is  for  the  public 
good  in  preserving  the  public  domain  from  unjust 
absorption.  The  following  address  is  issued,  which 
tersely  sets  forth  the  facts: 

To  the  People  of  California: — The  efforts  of  the  California 
Miners'  Association  to  protect  the  mineral  land  within  the 
railroad  grants  in  this  State  from  being  patented  as  agricul- 
tural lands  under  the  rules  of  the  Department  of  the  Interior, 
dated  July  9,  1894,  require  the  expenditure  of  large  sums  of 
money.  Maps  intended  to  show  graphically  the  relative  posi- 
tion of  mineral  belts,  mineral  entries  and  locations  and  the 
railroad  lands  are  being  prepared.  An  agent  of  the  Associa- 
tion is  employed  at  Washington  to  further  its  interests  and 
to  secure  favorable  action  in  Congress  and  the  Land  Depart- 
ment in  the  matter  of  the  preservation  of  the  mineral  lands 
to  the  miner  and  the  prospector.  The  Committee  on  the  Pro- 
tection of  the  Mineral  Lands  is  compelled  to  gather  about  it  a 
corps  of  assistants,  which  must  be  paid  for  its  services. 

So  far  this  committee  has  filed,  or  is  about  to  file,  protests 
against  railroad  selections  in  this  State  involving  more  than 
1,500,000  acres  of  land,  all  not  necessarily  mineral,  but  all  of 
which,  in  the  absence  of  protest,  would  be  patented  to  the 
railroad  companies  as  agricultural  land,  irrespective  of  their 
true  character  and  the  possessory  rights  of  mineral  claimants 
thereto.  Hearings  to  determine  the  issues  raised  by  these 
protests  will  shortly  be  ordered  in  the  respective  land  offices 
wherever  such  lands  may  be  situate,  and  unless  such  protests 
are  supported  by  proof  made  at  the  proper  time,  the  whole 
matter  will  go  by  default,  and  title  to  these  lands  pass  to  the 
railroad  companies. 

The  orderly  presentation  of  the  cases  will  demand  consider- 
able outlay  of  money ;  it  can  be  obtained  only  by  voluntary 
subscriptions,  and  the  California  Miners'  Association  now  ap- 
peals to  the  people  of  California  to  give  it  substantial  pecuni- 
ary aid  in  maintaining  this,  the  first  systematic  and  effective 
effort  to  protect  the  mineral  lands  within  this  State  for  the 
uses  of  the  prospector  and  the  miner. 

The  Association  does  not  seek  to  deprive  any  railroad  com- 
pany of  any  lands  granted  to  it,  but  it  denies  that  mineral 
lands  are  included  in  such  grants,  or  that  the  Department  of 
the  Interior  can  properly  promulgate  rules  to  arbitrarily  de- 
termine the  character  of  lands  lying  therein,  and  by  so  doing 
abrogated  the  laws  of  Congress  and  the  decisions  of  the 
courts.  But  mere  denial  is  one  thing;  to  substantiate  these 
rights  is  quite  another  thing.  For  the  latter  the  money  is 
needed.  To  the  end,  therefore,  that  full  justice  may  be  done 
in  the  premises,  the  California  Miners'  Association  respect- 
fullv  asks  for  contributions  to  this  cause. 

San  Francisco,  March  1,  1895.  A.  H.  Ricketts, 

Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Protection  of  the  Mineral 

Lands,  California  Miners'  Association. 

The  Press  has  had  so  much  to  say  about  this  matter 
that  it  can  only  reiterate  the  manifest  necessity  for 
the  present  movement  and  urge  immediate  and  sub- 
stantial response  to  the  above  appeal.  This  is  no 
charity  matter.  Miners'  rights,  the  public  good,  are 
endangered;  it  is  for  miners  and  the  public  generally 
to  supply  with  the  sinews  of  war  those  who  are 
making  the  fight.  If  they  fail  it  is  the  public's  loss. 
To  be  successful  they  must  have  money,  not  for 
salaries  or  fees,  but  necessary  expenses  incurred. 


Personal. 

Patrick  Kehvin  has  gone  to  Sonora,  Mexico,  to  examine 
some  gold  properties  for  Jno.  W.  Mackay. 

S.  S.  Burt,  a  Chicago  man  who  has  been  looking  for  South 
American  gold  mines,  is  in  the  city  with  alleged  desire  to  buy 
a  California  gold  mine  for  some  capitalists  of  his  city. 

Doctok  Thomas  Addison,  manager  of  the  General  Electric 
Company,  sailed  for  Honolulu  on  the  18th  ult.  for  a  brief  busi- 
ness trip.    He  is  expected  back  the  first  part  of  next  month. 

Captain  Alex.  Thompson  has  purchased  the  Alaska  Weirs, 
published  at  Juneau,  of  W.  H.  Carpenter.  Mr.  Carpenter 
has  the  gold  fever  and  will  soon  go  up  the  Yukon  river  in 
search  of  the  yellow  metal. 

The  Bigsby  medal  has  been  presented  to  Prof.  C.  D. 
Walcott,  Director  of  the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  by 
the  London  Geological  Society  for  his  valuable  contributions 
to  geology  and  paleontology. 

Jos.  Clark,  who  recently  resigned  the  superin  tendency  of  the 
Poorman  mine,  has  taken  charge  of  his  brothers'  property  at 
Trail  Creek.  The  Le  Roi  Mining  Company,  at  Trail  Creek, 
has  secured  the  services  as  superintendent  of  Geo.  Bent, 
recently  in  charge  of  the  Bunker  Hill  and  Sullivan  mines  at 
Wardner,  Idaho. 

Obituary. 

H.  A.  Adams,  a  native  of  Grass  Valley,  and  a  well-known 
California  miner,  died  Jan.  25  at  Johannesburg,  South  Africa, 
where  he  had  for  some  time  been  resident  accountant  at  the 
Simmer  and  Jack  mine. 

Book  Review. 


Scientific  Lectcres,  by  Ernst  Mach,  Professor  of  Physics  in 
the  University  of  Prague ;  translated  by  Thos.  J.  McCor- 
mack.  The  Open  Court  Publishing  Co.,  Chicago. 
The  "popular  science  "  idea  does  not  receive  customary  rec- 
ognition in  this  book  of  300  pages.  Yet  those  who  seek  popular 
science,  which  is  simply  organized  knowledge  simply  set 
forth,  could  find  much  to  interest  and  instruct  in  this  admir- 
able translation  of  twelve  fine  lectures  on  sundry  scientific 
subjects.  Two  of  the  twelve— The  Conservation  of  Energy, 
and,  On  Transformation  and  Adaptation  in  Scientific  Thought 
—are  good  examples  of  abstract  reasoning,  of  surprising  origin- 
ality. Such  subjects  as  "  Why  Has  Man  Two  Eyes  i  "  "The 
Velocity  of  Light,"  and  "The  Fibres  of  Corti,"  clearly  and 
pleasantly  discuss  more  concrete  phenomena.  The  book  is 
worthy  a  "place  in  any  scientific  library,  and  the  translator  de- 
serves* a  word  of  praise  for  his  idiomatic  skill  in  rendering  the 
German  expression  into  our  English  form  of  speech. 


March  2,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press! 


135 


IMPROVED   FORM   OF   HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


METAL  illNINQ 

\h ■>!•!,. •  -,     )/■  haat*  ■■'/>■  ■     ■  •■  <i'j:    ArchUet  tun  :      I 

Dttigning,    U 

itulumary   Locotn  Jtaiiroad  Engineering;  Bridgt  Eiujin«*ringi    [j 

I  p     Hbing  and  Heating;  Coat  Minimi;  Pro*]ncting,  and  tlu   & 

nil   Bpootmeiia  ><■■   to  students.    & 
}■'<■>■<■  Circular,  stating  tbo  rabjeol  you  wish  to  study,  to 

The  International  Correspondence  Schools,  SCRANTON,  PA. 


.  ,t rates  Ibo  IMPROVED  bX)KM  OF  DOUBLE  JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
nufaoture, and  wnloh  edfa      uperlor  to  the  SINGLE-JOUTTED  style     Th« 

i    vre  furnish  when  requested.     Prions,  Discount,-.  ;unl  t'uuilocurs  m  nui 

dnchloory  sunt  upon  application, 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


•TAMP   SHOES 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CZfKST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  eastings  ;tcr  extensively  used  in  nil  the  mining  States  ;iud 
Territories  of  North  nnd  South  Aniertrii.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.    Orders  solicited  BUbJBOl  to  thl    ftbovt    DOE 

tliitons.    When  ordering)  semi  sbetob  with  exact  dimensions     Si  ad  tor 

Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  bj  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  HI  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco.  ? 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mfll  Supplies  Stamp  Cam 


The  Edward  P.  AULs  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  I860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

Sim  Francisco,  cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  iianson.  Manager. 

Denver,  Col. 1316  eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANIIKL,  Atom. 

New  York  City 2B   Cortland!  street. 

V.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  III 50!)  Home  Ins.  Building. 

J.  D.  ALLAN.  Manager. 

Mliiiiea|n»llH,  31  inn 4  111  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


mining,  milling  and  smelting  flachinery. 
Union    Iron  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST    AND     MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-/VIrtlNUF'MCTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

fliilomatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed   Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  /Wills, 

Parity  CHili  /Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidai  U/ater  U/heel, 

PUJViPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and   Lead   Eurnaces,        f\\\  Classes  of  Marine  W/ork. 

^—z^>SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  D0CK.<^sa»^ 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE:      I -♦  S    ORO«DW/«-V. 


CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION. 


MINING,  IRON  AND  WOODWORKING 

MACHINERY  AND  SUPPLIES 

INGERSOLL-SERGEANT  PISTON  INLET  AIR  COMPRESSORS  AND  ROCK  DRILLS 

ENGINES  AND  BOILERS 


.•±S>0 


21  AND  23  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


The  Gates  Ore  and  Rock  Breaker 

Gives  11  liner  pri  duct  than  any  other  crusher  matle,  adding  by  this  means  25  to  30%  to  the  output  of  any  mill,  beside  saving  the  wear  of  the  more  costly  machinery.    It  will  reduce  a  given  amount  of  ore  at  ono. 

third  the  cost  in  wear  of  any  other  crusher  on  the  market.    It  requires  also  much  less  power  for  the  same  amount  of  work. 


Is  now  being  adopted  by  the  progressive  Mining  Companies  in  all  parts  of  the  world.    More  than  3000  of  them  now  running. 

The  F*eltori  Water  Wheel  Company,  General  westemAgents, 

121  /Wain  Street,  San  Erancisco,  Cal. 


niNE  m  bell  m  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force   in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 


R OR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  12  X  36  INCHES,  THE  M  NK  I  I.I,  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
the  Voorhu-s  Act,  passcl  hv  lh.-  Stair  Legislature  and  approved  March  8,  1893.  The  law  is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  of  Mine  Hell  Signals  to  Be  Used  in  Al  Mines  Operated  in  the 
state  of  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Mi  uers."  Wc  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  cloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  Tor  50  cents  a  copy.  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market 
Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


136 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  2  1895. 


The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons. 


Their  History,  Geography,  Geology,  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uses. 


NUMBER  XX1I1. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and 
copyrighted  1894,  by  Henry  G.  Hanks.  F.  G.  S. 


Natural  gas  in  California  was  known 
to  the  Indians  before  the  coming  of  the 
whites.  The  gas  spring  at  Sulphur 
Creek,  Colusa  county,  and  a  similar 
one  in  Mendocino  county  burned  at 
intervals,  lighted  by  accident  from 
their  fires,  and  continued  to  flame 
until  another  accident  extinguished 
them.  It  is  not  known  that  the  In- 
dians regarded  this  natural  phenom- 
enon with  superstitious  or  religious  in- 
terest. 

The  first  account  of  inflammable  gas 
below  the  earth's  surface  in  California, 
I  have  found  recorded,  dates  back  to 
1872.  It  states  that  a  man  named 
Cook  was  working  in  a  mining  shaft 
near  Sutter  City,  Sutter  county,  pros- 
pecting for  coal.  A  blow  from  his  pick- 
was  followed  by  a  flow  of  gas,  which, 
igniting  from  his  candle,  exploded  -with 
great  violence.  The  shaft  was  filled 
with  flame,  which  rose  to  the  surface 
of  the  ground.  The  windlass  was 
blown  away  and  Cook  was  with  great 
difficulty  rescued  by  his  mates.  (Marys- 
ville  Appeal,  quoted  by  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press.) 

Emanations  of  natural  gas  are  com- 
mon in  California.  Those  most  fre- 
quently met  with  are  carbonic  acid, 
hydrosulphuric  acid  and  carburetted 
hydrogen.  The  first  is  abundant  in  the 
solfataric  regions,  and  is  generally 
associated  with  ores  of  mercury. 
Hydrocarbons  are  also  found  in  some 
form  in  nearly  all  known  quicksilver 
mines.  In  California  their  presence 
interferes  very  materially  with  the 
metallurgy  of  mercury.  Being  volatile 
like  that  metal,  they  sublime  with  it 
and  are  found  difficult  to  separate. 
During  the  first  workings  of  the  great 
"  sulphur  bank  "  near  Clear  Lake,  the 
greatest  difficulty  encountered  in  re- 
fining was  the  presence  of  mercury, 
which  blackened  the  sulphur  when  at- 
tempts were  made  to  purify  it. 

Owing  to  the  solfataric  energy  the 
heat  in  some  of  the  California  quick- 
silver mines  is  oppressive,  and  the 
gases  generated  are  dangerous.  Ray- 
nal  has  called  attention  to  the  same 
peculiarity  in  the  Idria  mine  in  Aus- 
tralia. "  There  are  places  where  it  is 
so  hot  that  if  one  stops  ever  so  short  a 
time  one  is  in  a  profuse  sweat.  It  is 
from  these  subterranean  caverns  that 
mercury  is  drawn."  (History  of  Set- 
tlements and  Trade  in  the  East  and 
West  Indies,  vol.  II,  fol.  540.) 

Carbonic  acid  gas  is  so  abundant  in 
some  of  the  quicksilver  mines  iu  Cali- 
fornia, notably  in  Napa,  Lake  and 
Sonoma  counties,  that  exhaust  appa- 
ratus is  employed  to  clear  the  galleries 
and  shafts  so  that  the  miners  can 
work.  Small  animals  have  been  known 
to  die  from  the  effects  of  this  gas  over- 
flowing from  the  shafts  of  the  mines. 
Bubbling  gas  may  be  noticed  in  the 
beds  of  streams  and  shallow  basins  of 
water.  It  no  doubt  escapes  in  the 
same  manner  on  the  dry  land  but  is  not 
noticed.  Over  the  entire  surface  of 
Clear  Lake  bubbles  of  rising  gas  may 
be  seen,  and  the  great  gas  fountain  at 
Soda  Bay  causes  the  water  to  boil  like 
a  cauldron.  This  gas,  without  proof, 
has  been  assumed  to  be  carbonic  acid, 
which  most  likely  it  is,  but  it  may  be 
carburetted  hydrogen  or  illuminating 
gas. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the 
agencies  which  have  produced  older 
deposits  of  mercury  are  still  in  active 
operation  here.  In  Pope  valley,  Napa 
county,  a  small  stream  passes  very 
close  to  old  workings;  and  in  shallow 
pools,  caused  by  slight  obstructions  in 
the  bed  of  the  stream,  the  bubbling  of 
gases  may  at  any  time  be  seen.  This 
locality  has  recently  gained  quite  a 
celebrity  as  a  source  of  a  valuable 
mineral  water,  and  the  shaft  of  the  old 
"  Valley  quicksilver  mine  "  is  now  the 
''.Etna  springs."  I  have  frequently 
been  many  feet  below  the  level  of  the 
present  surface  of  this  now  well-known 
mineral  spring. 

There  are  about  one  hundred  known 


mineral  springs  in  California  to  which 
more  or  less  attention  has  been  drawn. 
All  are  engaged  in  geological  and 
chemical  work.  The  peculiar  condi- 
tions under  which  they  exist  give  them 
the  character  which  distinguishes  them 
from  others,  and  the  waters  always 
hold  in  solution  a  large  percentage  of 
mineral  constituents,  some  of  which 
are  made  more  soluble  by  the  presence 
of  absorbed  gases.  They  are  frequently 
saturated  and  sometimes  supersatu- 
rated. At  one  point  in  their  passage 
through  earthy  strata  they  take  part 
in  the  decomposition  of  older  rocks,  a 
portion  of  which  they  convey  in  solu- 
tion, and  deposit  minerals  of  a  different 
character  at  another  far  distant.  The 
labor  of  this  active  agent  is  seldom  re- 
alized even  by  the  practical  geologist, 
much  less  by  the  casual  observer.  Not 
ouly  do  these  waters  deposit  vast  quan- 
tities of  distinctive  minerals,  but  they 
furnish  cement  to  form  elastic  rocks, 
which  are  thus  changed  from  loose 
fragments  and  sediments  to  solid  rock 
masses. 

There  is  a  mineral  spring  two  miles 
south  of  Salmon  creek,  in  Monterey 
county,  which  is  sour.  It  is  said  to  be 
the  custom  of  those  who  reside  near  to 
add  sugar  to  the  water  and  drink  it  as 
lemonade.  A  mineral  spring  on  town- 
ship 24  south,  range  5  east,  in  the 
same  county  is  called  "  the  Devil's 
spring"  and  "the  Poison  spring" — 
the  latter  because  small  animals  are 
frequently  found  dead  on  its  margin. 
It  has  been  discovered  that  the  water 
is  not  really  noxious,  but  that  animals 
die  from  inhaling  carbonic  acid  gas, 
which  is  evolved  in  large  quantities. 
This  is  illustrated  by  an  experiment 
frequently  made.  A  large  bundle  of 
dry  wild-oat  straw  is  ignited,  and, 
while  burning  fiercely,  is  held  over  the 
spring,  when  it  is  immediately  extin- 
guished. Like  most  of  the  mineral 
springs  in  California,  this  one  is  near  a 
quicksilver  mine,  and  is  itself  an  active 
solfatara. 

There  is  said  to  be  a  poison  spring  in 
Mendocino  county,  which  is  described 
in  a  recent  newspaper  article,  from 
which  I  quote  without  responsibility 
for  its  truth. 

"  The  spring  is  situated  about  three 
miles  from  Hoplaud  in  a  clump  of 
stunted  trees.  The  water  is  clear  and 
colorless  and  makes  a  hissing  noise  as 
it  issues  from  the  ground.  The  bodies 
of  many  small  animals  lie  near  its 
margin.  There  rises  constantly  from 
the  spring  a  gas  so  noxious  and  deadly 
that  one  whiff  is  sufficient  to  extinguish 
life.  On  one  occasion  a  girl  of  six 
years  wandered  from  home  and  was 
found  dead  at  the  spring  with  the  dead 
body  of  a  bird  in  her  hand.  She  had 
probably  seen  the  bird  at  the  margin 
of  the  spring,  and,  stooping  to  pick  it 
up,  had  been  overcome  by  the  gas. 
There  is  also  a  story  of  an  Indian  squaw 
who  lost  her  life  while  stooping  to  drink 
the  waters.  The  writer  complains  that 
there  is  no  fence  built  around  the  spring 
or  warning  notice  posted." 

It  is  generally  assumed  by  chemists 
that  all  carbonic  acid  has  at  one  time 
been  combined  chemically  with  other 
elements  or  compounds,  and  that  it  is 
the  result  of  this  that  those  eternal 
changes  are  continually  taking  place  in 
nature  to  which  all  life  and  energy  are 
due.  It  has  been  set  free,  in  the 
language  of  the  chemist.  Whether 
this  is  universally  the  case  or  not,  it 
cannot  be  doubted  that  when  it  escapes 
from  the  surface,  as  it  does  iu  Califor- 
nia, it  results  from  decomposition  of 
minerals  in  subterranean  rocks. 

Issues  of  carbonic  acid  gas  are  com- 
mon in  the  vicinity  of  volcanoes,  and 
where  volcanic  rocks  exist  it  is  sup- 
posed (perhaps  erroneously)  to  be  the 
result  of  the  remains  of  extinct  volca- 
noes. Grotto  del  Cane,  near  Naples, 
is  a  noted  example. 

This  is  a  small  cavern  between 
Naples  and  Pozzuoli,  in  Italy.  It  is  so 
named  because  if  a  small  dog  is 
brought  in  he  soon  becomes  insensible, 
but  soon  recovers  on  being  taken  with- 
out delay  into  the  fresh  air.  or  deluged 
with  water.  The  grotto  in  artificial, 
having  been  excavated  in  mining  for 
pozzuolana.  It  is  only  twelve  feet  in 
length  and  four  or  five  feet  wide.  An 
average  man  can  stand  iu  it  without 


bending;  the  lavas  forming  its  walls 
are  compact,  of  a  dark  gray  color; 
they  are  somewhat  magnetic. 

The  grotto  lies  near  Lago  d'Agnano; 
it  probably  existed  in  Pliny's  time. 
The  waters  of  this  lake  were  formerly 
agitated  by  emanations  of  bubbling 
gases,  but  this  had  ceased  in  1788; 
near  by  were  the  "stoves  of  St.  Ger- 
mano  "  and  the  ruins  of  bathing  houses, 
with  tubes  of  terra  cotta  for  conveying 
hot  water  and  hydro-sulphuric  acid 
gas,  called  "  hepatic  vapors,"  still  in 
place.  The  mephistis  in  the  grotto  of 
Del  Cane  is  so  mixed  with  atmospheric 
air  that  phosphorus  and  gunpowder 
burned  in  it,  as  proved  by  Breislak's 
experiments  in  1788.  Spallanzani  came 
to  the  conclusion  that  the  carbonic 
acid  was  generated  by  the  action  of 
volcanic  heat  on  decomposing  lime 
rocks  below  the  surface. 

That  author  and  traveler  also  visited 
the  grotto  in  1788;  in  1790  Abbe  Breis- 
lak  sent  him  a  communication,  which, 
quoted  in  full  iu  the  first  volume  of  his 
travels,  recites  a  series  of  experiments 
made  in  the  grotto.  The  depth  of  the 
gas  (called  by  him  also  "mephistis") 
on  the  floor  of  the  cavern  was  found  to 
be  eight  Paris  inches.  He  also  con- 
vinced himself  that  the  gas  was  car- 
bonic acid  gas  mixed  with  atmospheric 
air. — (Travels  in  the  Two  Sicilies,  Vol. 
I,  fol.  90.) 

Daubeny  thus  refers  to  the  nature  of 
the  emanations  in  Grotto  del  Cane: 
"  The  sensation  I  experienced  in  stoop- 
ing my  head  for  a  moment  to  the  bot- 
tom resembled  that  of  which  we  are 
sometimes  sensible  on  drinking  a  large 
glass  of  soda  water  in  a  brisk  state  of 
effervescence;  the  cause  of  which  in 
both  cases  is  plainly  the  same." — (De- 
scription of  Active  and  Extinct  Volca- 
noes, fol.  173.) 

Grotto  del  Cane  is  specially  inter- 
esting only  because  it  was  the  first  ex- 
ample known,  and  because  it  has  been 
so  often  described  and  referred  to  in 
history.  The  conditions  found  in  Italy 
are  not  rare,  but  exist  in  numerous 
places  in  other  parts  of  the  world,  in- 
cluding California. 

There  is  an  engraving  of  Grotto  del 
Cane  in  "  Observations  Upon  the  An- 
tiquities of  Herculaneum,"  by  M.  Belli- 
card,  1753,  planche  27,  and  also  a  full 
description  on  folio  122  of  the  same 
work. 

(To  be  continued.) 


SISKIYOU 

QUARTZ  AND  PLACER 

Gold  Mines. 


Parties  desiring  to  invest  in  paying  quartz  or 
placer  gold  mines  or  in  undeveloped  mines  of 
demonstrated  merit,  in  Siskiyou  county,  will  learn 
of  several  excellent  chances  for  safe  and  profitable 
investment  oy  addressing 

G.  B.  ROBERTSON,  Attomey-at-Law, 

YREKA,  CAL. 


Reference  by  permission  to 

Siskiyou  County  Bank Yreka,  Cal. 

Hon.  John  Daggett,  Supt.  Mint San  Francisco. 


VWrtNTED     F="OR     CrtSH, 

Second- Hand  S^-Foot 

HUNTINGTON  MILL 

IN  GOOD  CONDITION. 

C,  Box  A,  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


POR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  iron,  lead  lined. 
1  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time.    For  sale 
cheap.    Address       L.  C.  5.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Office,  S.  F. 


INVENTORS,      Take.      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

226  Market  St..  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  braaswork,  AH  communica- 
tions stritHv  confident  inl. 


Professional  Cards. 


I  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  > 

Electrical  and  Mining-  Engineering:.  \ 

£  Surveying,  Architecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying.  I 

723  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  ( 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR.  \ 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN.  President.  £ 

i  Assaying  of  Ores,  525;  Bullion  and  Chlorinatlon  c 

Assay,  $25;  Blowpipe  Assay.  $10.    Full  Course  f 

of  Assaying,  $50.    Established  1864. 

J^~  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

Examination,  Surveys,  and  Reports  upon 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes- 
tic  use,    irrigation,    and    the    production   of 
'  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and 
plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superin- 
'  tended.    Correspondence  solicited. 

Res — 923  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


Almarin   B.   Paul,   M.   E., 
Mining:  Operator, 

ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sis.,  San  Francisco.  | 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
ing on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  < 
procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest  < 
in  Developed  Mines.  < 

Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  i 
CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent  | 
Instruction   for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
practical  scale. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LTJCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 

SPECIAI  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines ;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

'Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and 
\  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street, 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

OF  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

Boom  1.       -       426  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


KRussell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  prooess 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


tEH  WELL  MACHINERY?^ 

All  kinds  of  tools.  Fori  uiie  fori  hi- driller  by  using  cur 
Adamantine  process;  can  t alto  a  core.  Perfected  Econt.m 
leal  Artesian  PumninR  Rtirs  to  work  bv  Steam,  Air,  (■'■■ 
l.-tushelpTMU.  THE  AMEIMCAN  WELLWOBH*. 
*wrera.  til  i    Cbl^Bsu,  ill.;    D»Um>  Tex* 


March  2.  180.5 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


137 


Mechanical   P 


rogress. 


Economy   of  Power-House  Opera- 
tion. 


By  J.  B    Ckavkv 

"  Economy  ol  Power-House  Opera 
tion  "  im~  been  so  often  and  so  thor- 
oughly discussed  that  1  do  not  know 
that  1  can  sty  much  that  is  new  on  the 

i.  ami  vt  being  one  that  must 
ever  come  up  before  the  management 
of  a  street  railway  system.  Starting 
from  the  boiler  room,  we  emne  at  once 
to  the  place  where,    in    must   eases,  the 

greatest  waste  will   he  found.     It  has 

been  -aid  that  i lie  waste  due  in  im- 
proper Bring  is  often  of  greater  conse- 
quence than  any  other  loss  which  is 
produced  in  the  operating  of  a  steam 
plant.  There  are  two  causes  for  this: 
First,  poor  construction  of  the  boiler; 
second,  poor  tiring  and  lack  of  care  of 
the  boilers.  Most  of  us  think  that  any 
man  can  fire  a  boiler;  and  while  look- 
ing with  awe  and  wonder  at  the  engine 
and  generator,  forget  that  all  the 
power  comes  from  the  coal  pile,  and 
pay  little  attention  as  to  the  economy 
in  transmitting  that  power  from  the 
coal  '•'  the  engine.  No  greater  mis- 
take is  made  than  to  place  the  care  of 
ps  in  incompetent  hands,  for  they 
require  the  highest  degree  of  care, 
conscientiousness  and  constant  at- 
tention. 

The  tireman  must  be  ever  on  the 
watch  to  see  that,  the  water  is  kept  at 
the  proper  level  to  keep  an  even  si  ram 
pressure  and  to  show  by  his  steam, 
coal  and  water  records  that  he  is  get- 
ting just  as  good  cards  as  the  engineer 
can  show  by  the  manipulation  of  the 
strain  he  uses  in  his  engine.  He  must 
see  that  the  fires  are  spread  evenly 
over  the  grates  and  are  of  an  even 
thickness,  that  the  proper  amount  of 
air  is  admitted  into  the  furnace  to  ob- 
tain good  combustion. 

If  you  could  realize  how  easily  from 
one  to  twenty  per  cent  of  coal  can  be 
shoveled  into  the  furnace  and  up  the 
chimney  without  generating  any  more 
power,  you  would  see  how  essential  it 
is  to  have  something  more  than  mere 
machines  shoveling  coal  into  a  furnace. 
Another  point  of  importance  is  to  see 
that  boilers  are  kept  clean  and  free 
from  scale,  which  is  simply  the  result 
of  improper  attention. 

If  for  a  moment  you  will  stop  and 
think  that  in  the  construction  of  the 
boiler  the  maker  has  reduced  the 
thickness  of  the  tubes  as  much  as  pos- 
sible consistent  with  safety,  and  then 
look  at  a  tube  with  from  one-eighth  to 
one-half  an  inch  of  scale  on  it,  you  will 
at  once  see  how  great  the  loss  must  be 
transmitting  the  heat  through  this 
scale.  Not  only  that,  but  it  leaves  the 
iron  exposed  to  the  effects  of  the  heat 
without  the  proper  circulation  of  water 
back  of  it,  which  causes  rapid  deterio- 
ration, and  in  some  cases  is  liable  to 
cause  an  explosion.  I  have  used  quite 
a  number  of  boiler  compounds  for  the 
prevention  of  scale,  but  have  found  the 
best  to  be  plain  coal  oil.  "We  have 
used  it  in  Buffalo  for  the  past  two 
years  with  success,  putting  about  one 
pint  a  day  into  each  boiler  and  let- 
ting it  enter  with  the  feed  water  by 
means  of  a  sight-feed  lubricator.  How- 
ever, no  one  remedy  will  fill  all  cases, 
and  each  must  be  the  subject  of  some 
experiment. 

Another  source  of  loss  comes  from  in- 
sufficiently covered  boilers  and  pipes. 
See  that  all  exposed  parts,  that  pos- 
sibly can  be,  are  covered  with  some 
good  non-conducting  material,  and  pre- 
vent as  much  as  possible  radiation  and 
condensation.  The  steam  pipes  should 
be  kept  tight  and  all  leaks  followed  up 
at  once  and  stopped,  and  in  this  way 
have  as  little  loss  as  possible  between 
the  boilers  and  engines.  See  that  the 
piping  is  well  drained,  so  that  water 
will  not  carry  over  the  cylinder  of  the 
engine.  This  is  accomplished  by  sepa- 
rators placed  as  near  to  the  engine  as 
possible,  and  the  water  thus  separated 
is  returned  to  the  boilers.  In  a  good 
many  cases  this  water  is  allowed  to  go 
to  waste;  if  this  is  found  to  be  the  case, 
it  should  be  remedied,  as  this  water  is 
separated  at  a  very  high  temperature, 
and  requires  very  little  beat  to  turn  it 


again  into  steam.  Before  entering  the 
engine-room  1  would  like  to  say  some- 
thing on  the  subject  of  feed-water 
heaters.  If  your  engines  are  running 
non-condensing,  the  question  is  very 
easily  settled  -V.  however,  thi 
jority  of  steam  plants  are  run  condens 

ing,  other  factors  ale  brought  in.  In 
the  power-house  of  the  Buffalo  Railway 
Company,  one-seventh  of  the  engine 
capacity  is  run  high  pressure.  In  this 
way.  taking  the  feed  water  from  the 
hot  well  at  an  initial  temperature  of 
110°,  and  passing  it  through  two 
heaters  in  the  exhaust  line  of  the  high- 
pressure  system,  we  get  a  final  tein 
perature  of  1!>4°  before  the  water 
enters  the  boilers.  It  is  claimed  by 
some  that  this  method  of  taking  the 
water  from  the  hot  well  is  not  right,  on 
account  of  the  oil  to  be  found  in  this 
water.  But  so  small  a  portion  of  the 
hot  well  water  is  used  that  the  amount 
of  oil  in  it  is  small,  and  by  this  method 
we  do  away  with  secondary  heaters  in 
the  exhaust  line,  between  the  engine 
and  condenser,  and  not  only  save  in  the 
first  cost,  but  I  think  obtain  slightly 
better  results.  However,  one  thing  is 
important — whatever  means  are  used 
to  heat  the  feed  water,  it  should  be 
done,  for  not  only  will  there  be  a  great 
saving  in  fuel,  but  the  straining  of  the 
boilers  due  to  putting  cold  water  in  will 
be  done  away  with. 

Passing  from  the  boiler  room  we 
come  to  the  engines  and  generators, 
and  the  types  seen  here  will  be  many 
and  varied,  from  the  high-speed,  belt- 
driven  machine  to  the  slow-speed, 
direct-connected  machine  of  large  units. 
As  you  all  know,  the  tendency  of  late 
has  inclined  to  the  use  of  the  latter 
type.  In  my  mind  there  is  no  doubt  of 
the  efficiency  of  the  direct-connected 
unit  over  the  belted  one.  It  is  evident 
to  all  that  where  space  is  valuable  it 
has  the  advantage  of  taking  up  less 
room.  They  can  be  thrown  in  and  out 
of  service  with  as  much  rapidity  as  the 
belt-driven  machine;  there  is  a  saving 
of  one  and  one-half  to  three  per  cent, 
due  to  the  slipping  of  belts,  very  little 
in  itself,  but  when  figured  up  at  the 
end  of  a  year  in  a  plant  of  any  size  will 
amount  to  considerable. 

Added  to  this  there  is  the  saving  in 
labor  and  the  decreased  expense  due 
to  wear  and  tear,  as  this  item  is  less  in 
slow-speed  than  in  high-speed  machin- 
ery. For  the  above  reasons  I  have 
drawn  the  conclusion  that  direct-con- 
nected units  are  more  economical  than 
high-speed  ones.  Regarding  the  size 
of  units  used,  it  depends  entirely  on  the 
output  of  the  plant.  I  would  advocate 
as  large  as  possible,  yet  not  so  large 
that  the  breaking  down  of  one  would 
cripple  the  output.  However,  in  plants 
that  have  not  these  latest  types  of  ma- 
chines, great  saving  may  be  made  in 
the  operating  of  the  engines.  In  many 
cases,  after  the  constructing  engineer 
has  left,  engines  are  ofttimes  supposed 
to  look  after  themselves,  those  in 
charge  simply  supplying  them  with 
steam  and  oil.  What  I  said  in  refer- 
ence to  the  man  in  charge  of  the  boiler 
room  applies  with  equal  force  here.  Put 
a  thoroughly  competent  man  in  charge 
and  you  will  find  it  a  paying  invest- 
ment. Intelligence  and  experience  are 
the  best  safeguards  and  the  real  insur- 
ance against  accidents.  Fifty  dollars 
a  month  more  to  a  capable  engineer  will 
probably  be  repaid  a  hundred  times  by 
the  care  taken  and  the  high  state  of 
efficiency  at  which  the  machinery  is 
kept.  In  such  a  state  an  engine  is  a 
reliable  piece  of  mechanism.  If  neg- 
lected it  is  liable  to  fail  at  any  time, 
causing  delays  and  worries,  and  not 
only  adding  to  the  expense  in  the  cost 
of  repairs,  but  a  loss  in  the  receipts 
outside. 

A  capable  engineer  will  see  that  his 
engines  are  indicated  at  least  once  a 
month,  to  see  that  the  valves  are  prop- 
erly set,  and  so  keep  the  steam  con- 
sumption down  to  a  minimum.  All 
pounding,  knocking  and  leaks  should 
be  followed  up  and  remedied  at  once, 
and  the  engines  kept  in  such  a  state 
as  at  all  times  to  be  ready  to  perform 
the  severest  service  exacted  of  them. 
Always  keep  the  load  as  near  the  nor- 
mal capacity  of  the  engines  as  possible, 
as  engines  at  that  point  are  most  eco- 
npmjcjil;  besides,  you  will  have  fewer 


machines  in  service,  and  thus  save  in 
tin-  oil  supply.  Here  I  will  say  a  little 
on  the  subject  of  oil.  as  I  think  quite  a 
saving  may  be  made  at  this  point.  In 
fart,  I  have  had  one  engineer  use  (640 
worth  of  oil  more  in  six  months  than 
.mot  her    engineer    used     in     the     same 

time,  and  the  engine  capacity  was  in- 
creased during  lh<>  time  the  last  man 
was  in  charge.  The  lowest-priced  oil 
i-  not  always  the  cheapest;  sum,  nil- 
will  go  much  further  than  others 
the  question  of  what  to  use  should  be 
settled  only  by  careful  examination. 
After  being  used  once  it  can  be  filtered 
and  used  again  on  the  lighter  parts  of 
the  machinery.  If  rags  are  used  for 
wiping  instead  of  waste  they  can  be 
washed  and  used  again,  and  the  grease 
and  oil  extracted  will  be  found  useful 
in  some  part  of  the  system.  Bv  wash 
ing  the  rags  eighty  per  cent 'can  be 
saved  over  what  the  cost  would  be  if 
only  \ised  once  and  thrown  away.  Com- 
ing to  the  generator,  we  find  a  machine 
that  is  usually  well  made  and  efficient. 
Keep  them  dry  and  thoroughly  clean, 
and  have  the  commutator  kept  as 
smooth  as  possible.  The  principal 
trouble  will  be  found  in  the  sparking  of 
the  brushes  and  the  heating  of  the 
armature  and  the  field  coils.  The 
causes  of  these  troubles  are  too  many 
to  enter  into  here,  but  on  the  appear- 
ance of  trouble  the  machine  should  be 
stopped  as  soon  as  possible,  for  the  old 
maxim  "A  stitch  in  time  saves  nine" 
can  be  applied  here.  Keep  the  minor 
electrical  apparatus  in  a  station. 
Everything,  such  as  switches,  connec- 
tions and  all  instruments,  should  be 
kept  clean  and  in  working  order,  es- 
pecially in  the  case  of  lightning  arrest- 
ers, as  they  may  be  the  means  of  saving 
an  armature. 


Three.Cylinder   Simple  Loco- 
motives. 


The  use  of  a  third  cylinder  on  a  loco- 
motive, where  the  latter  is  a  compound 
engine  and  the  steam  has  two  chances 
to  expand,  is  no  novelty.  Such  a  plan 
is  quite  common  in  Europe,  but  a  three- 
cylinder  locomotive  of  the  single  ex- 
pansion type  is  much  more  unusual, 
and,  indeed,  was  unknown  until  quite 
recently.  It  is  an  American  invention, 
too.  About  ten  years  ago  it  was  found 
that  stationary  engines  in  the  coal 
regions,  employed  to  haul  cars  up  a 
steep  grade  on  short  inclined  planes, 
would  pull  more  steadily  if  three  cylin- 
ders, working  cranks  120  degrees  apart, 
were  resorted  to  than  would  those  with 
only  two.  The  idea  was  conceived  by 
the  late  John  B.  Smith,  president  of  the 
Erie  and  Wyoming  Valley  Railroad 
Company,  and  was  put  into  practice 
by  him.  He  did  not  expect  to  get 
more  power  from  the  same  steam,  but 
to  apply  the  power  more  evenly.  The 
work  of  a  piston  depends  on  the  lever- 
age which  it  gets  on  the  crank,  and 
this  varies  during  the  stroke.  By  the 
proposed  change  it  was  hoped  to  get 
a  better  distribution  in  the  general  re- 
sult. The  experiment  so  fully  justified 
Mr.  Smith's  expectations  that  the 
principle  was  applied  to  several  small 
locomotives.  These,  too,  developed 
the  same  qualities  as  the  stationary 
engines;  and  now,  within  two  or  three 
years,  six  large  engines,  mostly  for 
freight  service,  have  been  built  with 
three  cylinders. 


NENDRIE& 
B0LTH0FF 
MFfJXO. 
DENVER 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope.  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  4®~Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

0U  and  613  FRONT  ST„  San  Francisco,  CaL 


Foutuied  by  '■■  1785, 

lit   SKY     (AKKV     HAIKU     &     CO.. 

UAL      I'l'llI.ISHERS,       BOOKSELLERS       AM' 

iMPOini  BE 

BIO  u.in.it  st.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  r.  s.  \. 

«r-OurNewuud  Revised  Catalogue  ol  Praotloal 

■  Dtfflo  ii.-i.Ijs.  38  Pages,  Bvo  .  and  ou 
catalogues  and  Circulars,  tnowholi  i 

ioo  applied  to  the  ;.ns,Mm  tree  and 

me  in  any  purl  of  u.. 
who  will  furnish  his  address 


** PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 
Dredgers, 
MK  Shovels. 


Complete    "  Lancaster"    Gold    Amalgamating 
Concentrating    and   Hoisting  plains    furnished  fur 

treat  i  lit.-    large     quantities     m     |,,w     grade     phu-e. 
ground   at  a  small    cost    wild   minimum   Supply  ol 

water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Gold  yield  Insured. 

Outfits  include  "  Lancaster"  1805  Land  or  River 
Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction 
Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required. 
Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 
machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

39CORTLANDT  ST..  NEW  YORK. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 


LIMITED. 

TRADE   MARK. 


>M?ARTHUR-FORREST  PROGCftf) 

MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  -  £110,000  STERLING 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac 
tory  Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  Ma^ARTHU R-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,   San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhbe  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


FMoneer  Screen  Works! 
JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel,  RusbIs  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screen*) 

for  All  Uses. 

*** MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

231  and  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ  SCREENS 


.A  specially.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  RuBsia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel  .Cast  { 
'Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron.  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


msm 


Business    College, 

24  Post  Street,       -  San  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY -FIVE     DOLLARS 

This  College  Instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type- Writing1 
Bookkeeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing-, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering; 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  coni'Be  Ib  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  pfttept  binder,  50  oentfi  additional  per 
volume. 


138 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  2    1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Govek. — Republican:  The  water  is  still  be- 
ing kept  out  by  means  of  the  electric  pump. 
W.  T.  Hale,  of  the  Keystone,  resigned  his 
position  as  superintendent  on  the  ground  that 
he  was  not  able  to  attend  to  it.  Wales 
Palmer  is  now  in  charge  of  tbe  property  for 
J.  M.  McDonald.  The  sheriff's  keepers  are 
still  in  charge  under  the  attachment  suit. 
Word  was  sent  up  to  the  superintendent  last 
week  to  start  up  the  mine.  This  can  hardly 
be  done  without  settling  the  indebtedness, 
and  from  these  instructions  the  inference  is 
that  there  is  some  prospect  of  a  settlement. 

Anita.— The  miners  are  again  laid  off;  too 
much  water,  which  cannot  be  controlled  by 
present  facilities.  The  superintendent  pro- 
poses putting  iu  a  steam  pump. 

Alma. — The  new  hoisting  machinery  from 
the  Risdon  Iron  Works  is  all  on  the  ground, 
and,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  pieces,  is  all 
in  place.  It  is  a  double-cylinder  engine,  100- 
horse  power.  Everything  in  connection  there- 
with has  been  done  in  the  most  substantial 
manner. 

The  Keystone. — The  Keystone  mill  was 
started  yesterday  morning,  after  an  idletiess 
of  only  seven  weeks  as  a  result  of  the  tire. 
This  is  the  quickest  resuscitation  for  a  quartz 
mill  on  record  in  this  county,  especially  con- 
sidering that  the  work  had  to  be  done  in  the 
dead  of  winter,  when  material  is  difficult  to 
get. 

Inyo. 

Dry  Placers. — Placer  gold  was  discovered 
near  Independence  in  paying  quantities 
twenty  years  ago,  but  at  that  time  the 
miners,  where  they  could  not  obtain  water, 
had  to  haul  or  pack  their  dirt,  but  with  the 
dry  washer  those  diggings  are  now  being 
worked.  Gold  was  discovered  last  May  in 
Mazourka  canyon  by  some  Mexicans,  and 
about  thirty  men  have  been  engaged  in  min- 
ing there  ever  since.  This  discovery  led  to 
others,  and  now  there  are  a  number  of  places 
where  gold  has  been  found  in  paying  quan- 
tities. The  gold  is  found  in  the  Inyo  range 
of  mountains,  although  not  very  rich  or  very 
extensive,  yet  in  the  aggregate  a  consider- 
able quantity  has  been  taken  out,  and  from 
present  indications  more  will  be  taken  out  the 
coming  season  than  there  was  last.  The  sea- 
son for  dry  washing  will  commence  in  May 
and  last  until  the  first  raius  in  the  fall,  prob- 
ably November,  when  it  must  cease,  as  the 
ground  gets  too  wet  to  be  worked  by  that 
process. 

E.  C.  Garlick,  superintendent  of  the  Argus 
group  of  mines,  has  concluded  all  the  arrange- 
ments for  water  and  mill  sites  and  has  gone 
out  to  Snow's  Canyon  with  a  supply  of  pro- 
visions and  tools. 

Nevada. 

Rich  Quartz.— Some  remarkably  rich 
quartz  is  being  taken  from  the  Trevaskis 
ledge  near  Indian  Flat.  Eight  pans  of  rock, 
weighing  in  all  about  160  pounds,  was  pounded 
up  a  .few  days  ago  and  yielded  §219.43,  the 
gold  being  worth  $17.09  per  ounce.  This  is 
the  mine  on  which  Prof.  George  A.  Treadwell 
has  a  bond,  and  is  endeavoring  to  get  English 
capitalists  to  buy  the  property.  A  Transcript 
reporter  was  shown  a  pan  containing  a  pros- 
pect obtained  from  nine  pounds  of  quartz. 
The  bottom  of  the  pan  was  covered  with  gold, 
scattered  all  through  the  fine  dirt  and  sand. 
It  was  estimated  that  there  was  about  $40 
worth  of  gold  in  the  pan.  Mr.  Treadwell  in- 
tends sending  this  prospect  to  England  with- 
out removing  the  dirt  or  small  pieces  of  rock 
that  were  left,  in  order  that  the  parties  who 
are  thinking  of  buying  the  mine  may  get  a 
better  idea  of  what  the  rock  contains.  The 
quartz  was  taken  out  about  eight  feet  below 
the  surface,  and  the  vein  matter  is  about 
eighteen  inches  thick. 

Dkift  Mixing.— At  the  Odin  drift  mine,  a 
short  distance  north  of  Nevada  City,  the 
tunnel  has  been  driven  through  96  feet  of 
granite,  and  it  is  calculated  that  about  100 
fee  t  more  will  have  to  be  run  before  the  chan- 
nel is  reached.  The  indications  are  encour- 
aging, and  it  is  believed  that  a  large  deposit 
of  rich  gravel  will  be  found  when  the  channel 
is  struck.  The  tunnel  at  the  East  Harmonv 
has  been  exteuded  100  feet,  and  a  raise  of  40 
feet  made.  Some  splendid  gravel  is  being 
taken  out. 

The  Rich  Maryland.—  Telegraph:  The 
Maryland  Mining  Company  has  been  having 
considerable  trouble  with  water  and  pumps  of 
late,  but  now  all  is  serene  and  the  men  all 
went  to  work.  The  new  find  iu  the  10-foot 
level  is  proviug  to  be  exceptiouallv  rich.  Men 
who  have  been  working  there  for  years  sav 
that  they  never  saw  anything  like  it  before. 

Hague's  Big  Enteki-kise.  —  Herald:  On 
Monday  began  the  survey  for  the  proposed 
pipe  line  from  the  Empire  mine  to  Massachu- 
setts hill,  in  Grass  Valley  district.  Mi- 
Hague's  contemplated  operations  in  that  dis- 
trict will  involve  an  outlay  of  at  least  $100,000, 
and  it  is  said  that  the  work  will  surelv  be 
commenced  this  spring. 

Ridge  Mine. -Richard  Phelan,  the  superin- 
tendent of  the  Gold  Ridge  Con.  Minin^  Co 
whose  property  is  located  on  the  San  Juan 
ridge,  writes  to  the  Herald  that  the  company 
owns  200  acres  of  ground ;  that  thev  have  a 
good  natural  dumping  ground  which  can  be 
prepared  at  moderate  expense  to  hold  their 
debris  for  three  years,  and  that  they  will  be 
ready  to  hydraulic  bv  next  June  'The  com- 
pany will  also  erect  a  quartz  mill,  as  the  prop- 
erty includes  four  quartz  claims.  The  gold 
m  the  gravel  claims  comes  up  to  the  °rass 
roots,  and  there  is  no  foreign  rock  or  anything 
else  but  blue  gravel,   apparently   with  very 


little  cement.     Such  a  mine  ought  to  prove  a 
fine  gold  producer. 

Shasta. 
A  Glowing  Anticipation.— From  Redding 
it  is  asserted  that  ''the  new  company  which 
recently  bought  the  Iron  Mountain  mine  are 
straining  every  energy  in  the  preliminary 
work,  preparatory  to  building  a  broad-gauge 
railroad  to  the  mine  and  securing  a  site  for 
the  great  copper-matting  smelter — the  largest 
on  the  American  continent— which  they  hope 
to  have  in  operation  before  the  1st  of  October. 
The  capacity  of  their  plant  will  not  be  less 
than  1000  tons  daily ;  maybe  1500  tons  of  Iron 
Mountain  ore.  That  will  give  a  local  market 
for  250  to  300  tons  of  silicious  ores  that  other 
mines  will  produce. 

"It  will  put  from  12,000  to  15,000  men  to 
work  in  the  hills  around  Redding,  and  give 
her  fruit-growers  a  splendid  local  market  for 
their  orchard  products.  In  three  years,  or 
less,  Redding  will  be  leading  Butte,  Montana. 
This  is  no  fancy  dream,  but  it  is  a  reality 
which  this  great  reduction  plant  guarantees. 
"The  company's  attorney,  who  came  out 
from  New  York  to  attend  to  the  legal  mat- 
ters, says  Shasta  will  be  the  greatest  metal 
producer  of  the  Pacific  coast  inside  of  three 
years.  Just  think  of  a  mine  showing  a  breast 
of  ore  TOO  feet  wide,  that  will  average  from 
ten  to  thirty  per  cent  copper,  thirty  ounces  in 
silver  and  §3  in  gold !  That  is  Iron  Mountain.1" 
Siskiyou. 
Mining  Notes.  —  Yreka  Journal:  The 
Greenhorn  blue  gravel  mine,  about  a  mile 
south  of  Yreka,  seems  to  be  improving  in  its 
gold  yield,  by  the  drifters  reaching  richer 
gravel,  and  obtaining  a  greater  abundance  of 
water  for  more  successful  operation  in  sluic- 
ing, since  the  weather  has  become  warmer  to 
melt  the  snow  on  the  mountains.  The  cleanup 
last  week  amounted  to  §1326,  and  will  proba- 
bly average  that  amount  steadily  from  now 
on,  the  greatest  drawback  heretofore  being 
the  scarcity  of  water  for  washing. 

The  river  miners  in  the  Honolulu  district, 
of  Klamath  river,  will  soon  commence  getting 
timbers  and  lumber  ready  for  wing-damming, 
but  it  will  be  some  time  yet  before  anything 
can  be  done  in  this  respect  at  Oak  Bar  and 
Hamburg,  farther  down,  in  the  vicinity  of 
Scott  river. 

Great  preparations  are  in  progress  for  ex- 
tensive mining  operations  at  South  Fork  of 
Scott  river,  and  around  Callahan's.  The  En- 
terprise Co.  is  building  a  ditch  two  miles  in 
length  to  their  claim  on  Wild  Cat,  and  the 
Scott  River  Mining  Co.,  at  South  Fork,  is  also 
busy  getting  ready.  Other  mine  owners  are 
doing  likewise.  When  under  full  headway, 
many  men  will  be  employed,  as  the  great 
amount  of  snow  on  Scott  mountain,  to  keep  up 
the  water  supply,  will  enable  the  companies 
to  work  full  handed  in  sluicing  down  the 
great  banks  of  auriferous  gravel  in  that  rich 
mining  district. 

Mine  Bonded. — Journal:  Messrs.  Hunter 
and  Nolton  have  bonded  the  mining  ground  of 
Quinue  &  Simmons  at  Hawldnsville  for  $20,- 
000,  and  are  to  pay  Quinne  §2000  additional  for 
an  equal  share  in  his  electric  light  plant 
ditch,  for  extension  of  same  farther  down 
Shasta  river,  iu  obtaining  greater  fall  as 
pswer  in  operating  a  200-horse  power  pump. 
This  pump  will  be  used  in  raising  water  some 
400  feet,  for  supplying  a  ditch  with  300  inches 
of  water,  which  will  be  built  from  a  reservoir 
at  top  of  the  hill  above  the  electric  light 
works  down  to  the  diggings  at  Hawkiusville. 
The  Blue  Gravel  Mine.— The  Blue  Gravel 
mine,  Greenhorn,  has  twenty-five  men  at 
work.  They  clean  up  from  §1300  to  §1500  a 
week. 

Trinity. 
New  River. — This  camp  needs  transporta- 
tion facilities.  The  nearest  point  of  supplies 
is  Callahan's,  forty-five  miles  distant.  The 
Denny  &  Bar  Co.,  during  the  summer  season, 
keep  a  pack  train  between  Callahan1  s  and  New 
River,  which  last  year  made  12  trips  to  New 
River,  carrying  100,000  pounds  of  freight. 

Probably  the  best  mining  property  in  the 
quartz  line  is  a  new  discovery,  known  as  the 
Surprise,  made  a  year  ago  by  A.  O.  Fulmore 
&  Co.  They  have  made  only  one  crushing  of 
about  forty  tons  of  quartz,  which  proved  im- 
mensely rich. 

The  Mountain  Boomer,  which  a  few  years 
ago  had  been  almost  sold  to  John  Daggett  for 
§50,000,  has,  since  its  discovery  in  1SS5,  as 
mint  receipts  will  show,  yielded  an  aggregate 
of  §200,000,  and  is  still  in  good  paying  condition. 
The  Sherwood  mine,  which  at  present  is  in 
the  hands  of  the  Probate  Court  at  Weaver- 
ville,  has  also  since  1SS5  produced  not  less 
than  §150,000. 

The  Hard  Tack,  Tough  Nut  and  Excelsior 
are  three  more  mines  of  the  old  discoveries 
made  when  the  camp  was  in  its  infancy  in  '85, 
which  come  next  in  gold  production. 

Trinity  Center.— At  Trinity  Center  there 
is  twelve  feet  of  snow  on  the  summit  of  the 
mountain,  necessitating  about  six  miles  of 
snowshoeing  to  travelers.  The  Center  and 
vicinity  expect  a  boom.  Besides  the  Strode 
and  other  properties  that  are  paying  well, 
new  developments  are  being  made*  The  old 
Nash  mine  on  Coffee  creek,  which  has  changed 
hands,  has  been  paying  §10  per  man  to  the 
force  employed  in  drifting  and  prospecting, 
and  it  is  the  intention  to  put  about  200  men 
at  work  in  the  near  future.  Wm.  Volmers  is 
about  to  build  a  mill  on  his  location  eight 
miles  from  the  Center. 

NEVADA. 

Panaca  District. 

Lode:  The  recent  sale  of  some  mining  prop- 
erty in  Panaca  disti'ict  is  directing  attention 
that  way.  This  district,  until  about  a  year 
ago,  was  known  as  Chief  district,  and  con- 
siderable mining  and  prospecting  was  done 
there  about  twenty  years  ago.  When  it  was 
an  active  little  place  silver  was  worth  some- 
thing, and  the  only  mining  done  was  for  this 
metal.  During  the  past  few  years  only  gold 
has  been  sought  after,  but  this  section  was 
given  very  little  attention,  and  while  it  was 
generally  known  that  a  sample  could  occasion- 


ally be  found  that  would  return  a  couple  of 
ounces  in  gold,  it  was  also  supposed  that  only 
a  sample  could  be  found.  But  this  state  of 
affairs  only  proves  that  mining  and  prospecting 
may  be  well  and  thoroughly  understood  by 
many  and  practiced  only  by  a  few.  The  thor- 
ough investigation  of  the  district  and  the  Ad- 
vance property  in  particular,  made  by  the  re- 
cent investors  (Messrs.  H.  W.  Lawrence,  P. 
Sheahan  and  Wm.  Lloyd)  has  caused  the  at- 
tention that  is  being  given  this  section,  and 
we  understand  that  preparations  are  being 
made  for  active  work  immediately. 

Our  best  information  on  the  Advance  is  that 
a  shaft  105  feet  in  depth  has  a  well-defined 
ledge  from  the  surface  to  the  bottom,  with  a 
two-foot  streak  of  ore  for  the  entire  distance, 
giving  §41  in  gold  and  twelve  ounces  silver. 
Those  who  are  best  acquainted  with  the  dis- 
trict believe  it  is  a  continuation  on  the  north 
of  the  famous  Ferguson  district,  about  thirty 
miles  distant. 

The  formation  is  principally  quartzite.  It 
is  located  eleven  miles  south  of  Bullionville, 
where  W.  S.  Godbe's  great  reduction  plant  is 
situated.  Everything  appears  favorable  and 
undoubtedly,  with  the  early  opening  of  spring, 
a  lively  camp  will  come  into  prominence  in  the 
district.  We  learn  that  many  prospectors 
from  Pioche  and  Panaca  are  already  in  the 
field,  and  many  of  the  boys  "have  greater 
bonanzas  than  can  be  found  in  Ferguson  dis- 
trict." 

ALASKA. 

Winter  Gravel  Sluicing. — News:  Since 
the  sluice  mining  commenced  on  Gold  and 
Lemon  creeks,  for  the  past  two  months  be- 
tween §3000  and  §4000  in  gold  dust  has  been 
shipped  through  the  Juneau  bank  and  by  pri- 
vate parties.  This  winter  more  attention  has 
been  paid  to  ground  sluicing,  as  the  mild 
weather  has  permitted  the  work,  whereas 
during  other  winters  the  weather  was  too 
severe  for  its  continuance.  The  gang  of  men 
at  Lemon  creek  is  doing  much  better  than 
was  expected  by  the  old-timers,  who  have 
previously  examined  the  creek  bottom. 

In  Sum  Dum  Bay. — On  her  way  up  the  To- 
peka  called  into  Sum  Dum  bay  and  unloaded  a 
stamp  mill  at  the  Bald  Eagle  mine,  and  also 
dropped  off  N.  S.  Trowbridge  and  P.  Maul, 
the  superintendent  and  foreman  of  the  mine, 
and  a  gang  of  workmen.  The  plant  will  be 
sledded  on  the  snow  to  a  point  about  two 
miles  back  from  the  beach  and  near  the  mine, 
and  its  erection  will  go  forward  as  fast  as 
possible.  This  spring  another  quartz  mill  will 
be  crushing  out  the  gold  from  Alaska  ores. 

ARIZONA. 

The  Montana  mill  at  Oro  Blanco  has  begun 
operations  again. 

John  J.  Dodds  and  F.  J.  Lyon,  of  the  Eu- 
gene Mining  Company  of  Phoenix,  are  work- 
ing their  gold  properties  at  Canon.  This  min- 
ing company  is  composed  entirely  of  Prescott 
and  Phoenix  men. 

The  Ryland  Property.  — Journal-Miner: 
The  Ryland  mine  and  mill  on  Minnehaha  Flat 
is  daily  in  operation,  and  the  fact  of  its  being 
so  is  the  best  argument  that  Mr.  Ritchie  is 
making  a  success  of  it.  Heretofore  under 
every  management  it  has  proven  a  failure. 
The  reason  for  this  can  be  easily  proven. 
Theory  may  be  all  right  on  top  of  the  ground ; 
but  when  you  go  down  into  an  Arizona  mine, 
the  only  assistance  you  need  is  a  little  prac- 
tical judgment. 

The  Vulture  Mine.— The  Phoenix  Review 
learns  that  the  Vulture  mine  will  shortly  be 
worked.  New  machinery  will  be  put  in,  the 
pipe  line  repaired  and  the  mine  worked  for  all 
it  is  worth.  This  is  gratifying  news,  for  this 
mine,  though  long  lying  idle,  is  one  of  the 
best  gold  properties  in  Arizona.  It  has  been 
badly  managed ;  but  under  the  new  manage- 
ment this  will  be  changed.  Mr.  Sydney 
Kempton  will  have  charge  of  the  mill. 

This  famous  mine,  according  to  the  com- 
pany's books,  has  produced  §9,000,000  already. 
It  will  take  some  money,  perhaps  §150,000,  to 
put  the  property  in  good  running  order,  after 
which  the  mine  will  be  just  as  big  a  producer 
as  ever.  Aside  from  the  amount  of  gold  taken 
from  the  Vulture  mine  as  indicated  by  the 
books  of  the  company,  an  equal  amount  has 
been  stolen  by  the  men  working  the  claim. 
All  the  old-timers  of  Phoenix  remember  the 
good  times  when  the  Vulture  was  running. 
It  will  run  again,  and  that  in  the  near  future. 
BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Product  of  a  Run  in  the  Cariboo  Mine. — 
Chrrmicle:  Three  gold  bricks,  containing  a 
small  percentage  of  silver,  and  weighing  720 
Troy  ounces,  or  60  pounds,  and  valued  at 
nearly  §10,000,  were  on  exhibition  at  the 
Traders'  bank  yesterday.  They  were  from 
the  Cariboo  mine,  owned  by  James  Monaghan 
and  other  Spokanites,  in  the  Rock  Creek  dis- 
trict, British  Columbia. 

The  bricks  are  only  worth  §13.50  per  ounce, 
owing  to  the  presence  of  silver.  They  are  the 
result  of  twenty-one  days'  run  of  the  Cariboo 
Company's  ten-stamp  mill. 

"The  mine  is  going  to  make  the  owners  all 
rich,"  said  M.  M.  Cowley.  "The  company 
declared  its  first  dividend  to-day  and  it 
amounted  to  §8000,  after  deducting  the  cost  of 
the  mill  and  other  improvements.  Who 
brought  the  bricks  down;  Well,  we  don't 
care  to  say  much  about  that.  Nobody  on  the 
outside  ever  knows-when  the  bricks  are  com- 
ing, what  way  they  come,  or  who  brings 
them.  Otherwise  they  might  be  intercepted 
on  the  way." 

General  Notes, — The  Antoine,  Slocan,  is 
a  new  shipping  mine,  sending  five  cars  for- 
ward this  year.     Three  of  those  netted  §S000. 

Big  strikes  are  reported  on  the  Wonderful 
and  Ivanhoe,  Slocan.  The  rawhide  trails  are 
being  prepared  for  hauling. 

On  the  Little  Phil,  Ainsworth,  the  ore  does 
not  occur  in  a  solid  vein,  but  in  the  shape  of 
solid  galena:  a  most  unusual  formation. 

The  Nelson  Hydraulic  Mining  Company  is 
getting  ready  to  resume  work  at  the  earliest 
possible  date.     Two  monitors  will  be  worked. 

A  number  of  business  men   of  Nelson   are 


offering  §100,000  in  land  and  money  for  the 
erection  and  operation  of  a  smelter  in  that 
town. 

The  Center  Star,  which  adjoins  the  Le  Roi, 
Trail  Creek,  will  be  ready  to  ship  ore  shortly. 
Upwards  of  500  feet  of'  tunnel  have  been 
pierced. 

At  sixty-seven  feet  in  the  Goodenough, 
Slocan,  the  vein,  which  carries  about  six 
inches  of  high-grade  carbonates,  was  struck 
120  feet  from  the  surface.  From  this  mine 
twenty-two  tons  netted  $5435.12. 

The  Kootenay  "Mail  gives  ore  shipments 
from  Slocan  by  way  of  Revelstoke,  from  Feb- 
9th  to  15th,  as  follows :  Slocan  Star,  370,000 
lbs. ;  Noble  Five,  260,000  lbs. ;  Idaho,  120,000 
lbs. ;  Reco,  70,000  lbs.  ;  total,  1,820,000  lbs. 

The  Humphries  -  Moore  concentrator  at 
Three  Forks  has  started  running,  chiefly  on 
Alamo  and  Idaho  ores,  and  all  available  teams 
are  engaged  hauling.  Probably  Mountain 
Chief  ore  will  be  run  through  in  the  spring. 

COLORADO. 

A  Ckeede  Consolidation. — At  Creede  a 
consolidation  has  been  formed  of  the  famous 
Ridge  group  of  mines,  Solomon,  Ethel  and 
Holy  Moses.  Large  reduction  works  will  be 
erected,  and  all  the  ore  from  these  mines 
treated  in  one  mill. 

Sales  op  Mining  Property.—  Republican  : 
Four  mining  deals  in  Colorado  properties 
were  recently  closed,  so  far  as  bonding  the 
properties,  and  are  in  a  fair  way  to  be  quickly 
consummated.  Two  of  the  sales  were  well 
known  mines  of  Gilpin  county,  one  for  a  mine 
and  mill  in  the  Holy  Cross  district  of  Eagle 
county,  and  the  other  is  a  working  proposition 
for  the  handling  of  a  large  group  on  the 
Spanish  Peaks. 

The  Topeka  mine,  near  Central  City,  was 
placed  for  the  Argyll  Mining  Company  with 
H.  C.  Woodworth  &  Son,  investment  bankers, 
for  a  price  exceeding  §300,000.  It  is  one  of  the 
great  gold  producers  of  the  "Little  King- 
dom," and  is  known  to  hold  in  reserve  great 
bodies  of  ore. 

The  New  Centennial  is  being  bought  by  a 
Denver  mining  man  who  is  always  on  the 
lookout  for  investments.  The  price  is  not 
known. 

The  Polar  Star  mine  of  Eagle  countv  is 
being  sold  by  F.  D.  Kiefer,  of  Grand  Junction, 
to  Denver  parties  for  §175,000.  With  the 
property,  which  has  produced  largely  in  the 
past,  is  a  25-stamp  mill,  and  the  sale  means  a 
resumption  of  work  to  the  full  capacity  of  the 
mine. 

IDAHO. 

The  Standard  Mine.— The  Union  mill  has 
been  put  in  condition  for  service  the  past 
week  for  the  treatment  of  ore  from  the  Stand- 
ard mine,  which  now  employs  fifty  men.  A 
new. ore  bin  and  other  improvements  have 
just  been  completed  at  the  mouth  of  the  main 
tunnel.  The  ore  is  of  better  grade  than  the 
average  Cceur  d'Alene  ore.  It  is  directlv 
tributary  to  the  town  of  Burke,  but  Wallace 
receives  the  industrial  benciit  of  the  Union 
concentrator,  which  is  situated  at  the  mouth 
of  Canyon  creek.  Messrs.  Finch  and  Camp- 
bell are  the  principal  owners  of  the  property. 
The  Banner  tunnel,  which  is  the  principal 
avenue  into  the  mine,  is  over  2000  feet  in 
length. 

Bound  to  Get  the  Gold. — The  Kootenai 
Hydraulic  Company  is  bound  to  get  some  gold 
this  year,  after  its  many  disappointing  ex- 
peiiences  along  the  Pend  d'Oreille.  Reports 
received  from  Seven  Mile,  via  Waneta,  state 
that  the  company  has  sixty  men  at  work  on 
the  foundations  for  the  big  pumps  which  are 
to  take  the  place  of  the  enormous  ditch  and 
flume  originally  designed  to  carry  water  on 
to  the  bars.  By  the  time  high  water  comes, 
the  work  will  be  well  advanced,  and  it  is 
understood  that  the  entire  work  is  to  be  fin- 
ished as  soon  as  possible.  Heavy  machinery 
has  been  ordered  from  the  East,'  and  before 
midsummer  the  managers  hope  to  begin  har- 
vesting the  gold  which  they  know  is  scattered 
all  through  the  big  gravel  banks. 

Along  the  Salmon  river  times  will  be  pretty 
brisk  next  summer  too.  It  will  probably  be 
six  weeks  or  more  before  the  season  fairly  be- 
gids,  but  already  men  who  own  claims  are 
perfecting  their  plans  for  the  season's  work. 
A  new  element  will  add  activity  to  that  dis- 
trict this  summer — a  class  of  men  who  don't 
happen  to  have  cash  enough  to  buy  placer 
mines,  but  are  willing  to  labor,  and  have  ar- 
ranged with  the  owners  to  work  the  claims  on 
shares— a  plan  which  is  of  benefit  to  both 
parties,  as  few  of  the  owners  are  exactly  pre- 
pared to  hire  any  large  gangs  of  men  to  work 
their  claims. 

MONTANA. 

The  Rakus  Deal. — Inter-Mountain:  A 
United  States  patent  to  the  Rarus  mine, 
granted  in  1894  to  S.  E.  Hirbour  et  al.,  was 
filed  for  record  lately  with  the  county 
recorder.  It  is  rumored  that  negotiations  are 
about  completed  for  the  sale  of  this  property 
for  a  sum  variously  estimated  at  from  §300,000 
to  §400,000.  The  purchaser  whose  name  is 
mentioned  in  connectionwith  the  deal  is  F.  A. 
Heinze.  The  latter  at  one  time  had  a  lease 
on  the  property,  and  worked  it  for  about  a 
year.  He  had  the  mine  bonded  then  for  $350,- 
000,  and  it  was  said  made  an  offer  of  §250,000 
for  it,  which  was  refused.  It  is  known  that 
Mr.  Heinze  has  been  anxious  to  secure  an- 
other good  property  in  order  to  keep  his 
smelter  running  to  its  full  capacity,  and  min- 
ing men  are  of  the  opinion  that  the  purchase 
of  the  Rarus  would  be  a  good  investment. 

To  Work  Rich  Placers. — A  new  plan  to 
handle  fiat  placer  ground  has  been  adopted  by 
the  Gold  Dredging  Company,  to  handle  the 
bed  sand  of  Grasshopper  creek  in  Beaver 
Head  county.  The  company  has  paid  in  $75,- 
000  to  put  on  the  plant,  and  start  the  work. 
Three  and  a  half  miles  of  creek  bed  and  a 
large  acreage  of  bars  have  been  secured.  The 
ground  is  some  of  the  best  known  washings  of 
Montana  and  has  produced  much  money  in  the 
past.  The  great  difficulty  in  working  it  has 
always  been  to  find  dumping  ground,  the  fall 
of  the  creek  not  being  sufficient   to  carry  off 


March  2,  l»ys. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


1  9 


the  tuiiiogb  fnun  the  sluice.     To  remedy  this 

managers  pui 
to  raUe  (he  sand,  gravel  Rod   irater 
elevated  si  alee  thai  gives  <is  much  full  us  may 
be  wanted 

There  is  a  slxty-flve-mUe  ditch  ooi 
with  th<  hlch  gives  a  500-foot  head 

ut  (be  end  and  furnishes  a  supply  <>f  000 
with  £50  pounds  presaure  (or  tti<'  oper 
at  ion  of  un  Injector  Lo  empty  the  working  pit. 
After  carrying  off  (he  water  <>t  thi 
with  a  diton  along  the  side,  'ii<-  company  drat 
band  .i  targe  pit,  which  [b  then  washed 
h\  bedrock  sluicing  ng   (he   richer 

■and  near  ll ,      While  this  is  being  doi 

the  pit  dammed  ofl  Is  flooded  with  wa 
bar  and   the   Boating   dredge    placed   on   it. 
:  ink  t.-  bank  el 
an  ■  ■!•■■■  i'   "it  pulleys  a  swinging 

sluice  box,  which  i>  made  i«.  move  either  waj 
as  (he  dredge   Follows   up   the   bar  or  moves 
-  ek.    The  sluice  empl  i-1  -  In  i  he 

Sit.    which    baa    been   cleaned,   and    ;i  -    the 
the   working 
i  i,    the  cleaned   bedrock  refilled 
ami  the   Entermed  i  ihoveled 

and  sluiced  off  by  a  I 

OKI.'. on 

Tin.  Asm  w  n  M  i    i  Opou  appll- 

i  i  udge  Hanna  at  Jack- 
sonville, this  afternoon  appointed  Jos.  Dame 
it  oi  the  Ashland  mine,  with  hi. mis 
placed  at  120,000.  it  is  expected  that  work 
win  go  righl  ahead  al  the  mine  as  soon  as  the 
papers  are  completed.  Tin-  total  claims  rep- 
Led  in  liens  filed  upon  the  property 
amount  bo  nearly  tOOOO,  14800  of  which  are 
wages  due  the  miners  and  the  remainder  ma- 
tei  iai  clauins  held  In  A  shland. 


I  RUPTURE! 

IT  i  i.i  -  bean  oonatdered  i>y  i  '"■  naedleal 
profession  n.«i  liaiala  inmimmilj  mil  ml 
rupture— was  laoorabto,  axeepl  by  Hurgi- 
<*h1  oparatlon,  wbJeb  Is  both  <iunj;er<>un 

lO    lift*   hih!    Vary    rarely    ever  sniHWSflll       li<it 
DB.  J.O.  ANTHONY,  of  Hit  hihI  87   CIIKOM- 

cik  in  rXOINO,  baa  opened  a  new  Held  fur 
roaeareb.  and  for  (he  paa1  year  im«  i»«*«n  •  ■ ,  >  i. 
Ing  some  rt*niark»blo  rurcn.  1I««  chumcm  thf 
patient  no  palii.  and  tho*e  living  near  enough 
Un  not  (out)  uny  time  only  while  In  lain  ofttee 
uuce  or  txvlce  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
oase  be  treats,  and  doe*  not  auk  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  be  cores  him,  ho  there  can  be  uu 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
la  a  graduate  of  Hellevue  Honpltal  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


Our  Pipe 
Is  For  Sale. 


For  Hydraulic  Mining:  and  Irri- 
gation Purposes  Our  Sheet 
Iron  and  Sheet  Steel  Riveted 
Water  Pipe  Is  Unexcelled. 

We  Have  Also  a  Large  Line  of 
the  MATHES0N  JOINT  (Lap- 
Welded)  Pipe,  for  Which  We 
Are  Agents. 

Our  Prices  Are  Low;  Our  Pipe 
Is  Superior,  and  We  Want 
More  Business.  May  We 
Quote  You  Prices? 

PIPE    FITTINGS,  TOO. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS, 

SAN       FRANCISCO,       C/\L. 


Attention    Miners ! 

W.  W.  MONTAGUE  &  CO. 

ARE     MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining.  Mills  and  Power  Plants. 

IRON,  CUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  Harket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


FR/\ING1S     SMITH     &     CO., 

MANUFACTURERS  OIF 


FOR     TOWN     WATER     W/ORK.S. 


Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes. 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN    FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of  Pipes 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 


IS     THE 


Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


it  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 

simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
b&ndled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rook  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  Illustrated 
poekel  oatalogue  rully  explains 
the  features  una  woi  k 
ihe  drill.  it  should  tjo  to  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
l<  :i-,  ,  .  oininu-tor  ami  prospect 
or  In  the  \\'i  st 
application. 

If   you    are  Interested    in 
Rock      Drilling    Correspond 

With     UN. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


.  IS>L3K1  fS^0^^^^mf^ 

FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,    Address  the  Company  at  Its  Denver  Office. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Bel  t 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  TullocU  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 
Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,   therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 

Again,  In  the 
surface  of  the 
belt    trans- 
versely two 
feet    apart, 
there    Is    a 
space    of   one 
inch,   contain- 
ing    twenty 
riffles  1-33  of 
an    inch    in 
depth.    This 
tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a   belt  with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Building San  Francisco. 


/Wining    F*ipe ! 


STEEL  OR  IRON.— We  make  pipe  of  either,  but  recommend  STEEL,  It  being  superior  to  Iron  in  many 

particulars  and  inferior  in  none. 
COATING.— We  use  great  care  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Refined  Asphaltum 

and  Maltha.  _ 

COMPETITORS.— Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO.  CAL. 


CHIME    WHI 


A  thing  of  beauty  is  a  joy  forever. 
"  LUNKENHEIMER'S  "  Single  Bell  Chime 
Whistles  are  warranted  to  please.  Constructed  on 
practical  principles,  producing  harmonious  sounds. 
Made  in  sizes  from  2-in.  to  10-in.  in  diameter,  with 
'or  without  valve.    Also  style  for  Locomotives. 

New  Catatoeue  of   superior  steam  specialties  gratis 
upon  request.    Consult  dealer. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REFLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

^'^rl^fc  653  and  655  mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

^•Al*.    E.  G.  DENNISTON, Proprietor 

ktYVMl_».  Every  description  or  work  plated.    Send  [or  Circular, 


1*0 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  2,  1805. 


Electrical  Progress. 

A  project  is  under  way  to  dam  the 
Chatahoochee  river  near  Atlanta,  Ga., 
and  to  electrically  transmit  some  30,000 
horse  power  therefrom  to  that  city. 

Original  contributions  to  this  de- 
partment of  the  paper,  of  general  in- 
terest, will  be  welcomed.  No  anony- 
mous communication  will  receive  at- 
tention.      

In  Norway,  electrical  treatment  is 
being  adopted  in  bleaching  pulp.  The 
pulp  being  placed  in  the  chloride  solu- 
tion, the  electric  current  is  turned  on, 
ami  the  operation  is  completed  in  from 
twenty  to  forty  minutes. — London 
Electricity. 

English  patent  number  850,  dated 
January  14th,  has  been  granted  to 
Frederick  J.  Beaumont  and  Frederick 
Hallows  of  London  for  an  improved 
registering  meter  for  direct  or  alter- 
nating polyphase,  triphase  or  quad- 
ruplephase  currents. 


At  Reno,  Nevada,  the  Truckee  river 
is  wasting  thousands  of  horse  power  of 
reliable  water  power  which  could  be 
used  to  advantage  at  Virginia  City, 
twenty  miles  distant.  There  is  also  a 
good  opening  for  an  electric  road  for 
both  freight  and  passenger  traffic  be- 
tween the  two  cities.  Most  of  the 
freight  is  now  transported  by  wagons. 


Herman  Aerberts,  of  Schenectady, 
N.  Y.,  has  produced  an  improvement 
in  electrical  measuring  instruments, 
the  principle  upon  which  his  instru- 
ments are  based  beiug  to  send  the  cur- 
rent to  be  measured  in  two  electrically 
parallel  branches  of  circuits  round  the 
needle  or  armature  of  the  instrument, 
thus  exciting  in  the  latter  two  distinct 
polarites. 

Mr.  L.  W.  Storror,  superintendent 
of  the  Pacific  Postal  Telegraph  Com- 
pany, in  this  city,  is  one  of  the  ablest 
men  in  the  business.  He  is  business 
all  through,  and  although  burdened 
with  greater  responsibility  than  any 
other  telegraph  man  on  the  coast,  his 
attention  is  readily  secured  for  the 
most  trivial  detail  of  the  business. 
With  such  men  at  the  lead  any  business 
is  bound  to  succeed. 


A  new  mode  of  lighting  has  been  in- 
troduced by  Mr.  Lester  Betts,  the 
manager  of  the  Calcutta  branch  of  the 
Oriental  Telephone  and  Electrical 
Company,  Limited,  in  the  case  of  the 
Empress  of  India  Cotton  Mills  at  Budge- 
Budge,  India,  which  are  entirely  lighted 
from  the  outside,  special  zinc  fittings 
with  fifty  candle  power  lamps  being 
fitted  to  each  window.  This  system, 
which  has  proved  a  complete  success, 
saves  the  extra  premium  for  fire  in- 
surance.— Electrical  Review. 


The  Electrical  Engineering  Company 
of  this  city  has  the  contract  for  the 
electrical  plant  for  the  three  new 
pneumatic  guns  at  the  Presidio.  There 
was  heavy  competition  on  this  con- 
tract. The  plant  consists  of  a  35 
K.  W.  generator,  underground  conduit 
to  each  gun,  and  a  switchboard.  The 
equipment  for  each  gun  consists  of 
three  electric  motors,  each  of  18  H.  P., 
and  is  used  for  loading  and  moving  the 
huge  gun.  This  firm  has  just  shipped 
three  direct  electric  elevator  plants  to 
Los  Angeles  for  use  in  the  Whittier 
Block.  They  report  business  steadily 
increasing  in  their  line. 


Under  the  heading  of  "  A  Worthy 
Task  for  Electrical  Inventors,"  the 
Electrical  Review  publishes  the  follow- 
ing taken  from  the  New  York  Sun: 
"Building  water-tight  compartment 
ships  like  the  'Elbe,'  or  much  better 
than  the  '  Elbe,'  won't  prevent  some  of 
them  from  being  sunk  by  collisions.  If 
the  'Lucania,'  for  example — the  last 
and  finest  from  the  shipbuilder's  hands 
— should  hit  her  sister,  the  'Campania,' 
square  amidships,  the  latter  would  be 
lost  as  surely  as  she  would  be  hurt. 
The  only  safeguard  for  ships  at   sea  is 


in  the  faithful  use  of  some  more  pene- 
trating sound  than  that  of  the  fog 
horn,  or  the  invention  of  some  delicate 
electrical  contrivance  which  shall  al- 
ways tell  of  another  ship's  presence  in 
the  neighborhood.  Where  are  the  wits 
of  our  ingenious  brothers,  the  elec- 
tricians ?  "  Cannot  some  of  our  Pacific 
coast  electricians  solve   this   problem  ? 

According  to  Nature,  trials  have 
been  made  in  London  of  a  new  appa- 
ratus for  extracting  teeth  by  elec- 
tricity. It  consists  of  an  induction  coil 
of  extremely  fine  wire,  having  an  inter- 
rupter capable  of  vibration  at  the  rate 
of  450  times  a  second.  The  patient  sits 
in  the  traditional  armchair  and  takes 
the  negative  electrode  in  his  left  hand 
and  the  positive  in  his  right.  At  this 
moment  the  operator  turns  on  a  cur- 
rent, of  which  the  intensity  is  gradually 
increased  till  it  has  attained  the  utmost 
limit  that  the  patient  can  support. 
The  extractor  is  then  put  in  circuit 
and  fastened  on  the  tooth,  which, 
under  the  action  of  the  vibration,  is 
loosened  at  once.  The  operation  is 
performed  very  quickly,  and  the  patient 
feels  no  other  sensation  than  the  prick- 
ing produced  in  the  hands  and  fore- 
arms by  the  current.  [This  was  simi- 
larly reported  ten  years  ago,  but  the 
difference  between  theory  and  practice 
was  such  as  to  exclude  the  operation 
from  general  use.] 

A  Huge  Alternator. 


A  big  alternator  is  now  being  built 
by  the  General  Electric  Company.  It 
is  to  be  installed  for  the  Edison  Elec- 
tric Illuminating  Company  at  St.  Louis. 
Mo.,  and  will  supply  current  for  incan- 
descent and  arc  lighting  and  power, 
and  is  being  constructed  on  the  mono- 
cyclic system,  employing  low  frequency 
of  alternations,  the  armatures  of  the 
generators  having  special  windings 
adaptiug  them  for  use  on  circuits  with 
self-starting  current  motors.  The  al- 
ternator is  of  800  kilowatts  capacity, 
has  80  poles,  and  will  be  driven  at  90 
revolutions  per  minute.  The  frame 
casting  weighs  35  tons  and  measures 
24  feet  over  all.  The  armature  is  iron- 
clad and  is  16  feet  in  diameter,  weigh- 
ing nearly  45  tons.  The  armature  will 
be  supported  on  a  22-inch  shaft.  The 
generator  will  be  able  to  supply,  at 
full  load,  667  amperes  at  1200  volts,  or 
the  equivalent  of  16,000  sixteen  c.  p. 
lamps. 

Electric   Power  Transmission    for 
Mines. 


Probably  no  other  application  of 
transmission  of  electric  power  is  more 
appreciated  than  in  mining.  In  some 
instances  the  geological  location  of  the 
mine  renders  a  supply  of  fuel  either  en- 
tirely out  of  the  question  or  very  ex- 
pensive; but  the  principal  reason  in 
favor  of  such  application  appears  to  be 
that  in  almost  every  instance  ample 
water  power — cheapest  of  all  known 
sources  of  power — is  within  available 
distance  from  the  mines,  where,  with  a 
single  source  of  power  from  one  gener- 
ator operated  by  a  water  wheel,  trans- 
mission is  readily  and  economically 
made  not  only  to  one,  but  to  any  de- 
sired number  of  locations  in  and  about 
the  mines,  as  is  best  suited  to  the  re- 
quirements of  the  work  to  be  per- 
formed. 

A  splendid  illustration  of  such  appli- 
cation is  in  operation  at  the  Mammoth 
mine,  situated  in  Nevada  county,  Cali- 
fornia. This  plant  is  reported  to  have 
been  run  continuously  day  and  night 
for  the  past  year,  stopping  onty  for 
"cleanups,"  and  without  the  expend- 
iture of  a  cent  for  repairs  or  renewals,  j 
or  the  loss  of  a  moment  of  time.  Such  ! 
a  record  would,  of  course,  be  an  impos-  ' 
sibility  ordinarily;  and  in  some  cases 
as,  for  instance,  in  the  operation  of 
mine  pumps,  it  presents  important 
features  for  consideration. 

At  the  Mammoth  mine  the  power 
station  is  located  at  the  base  of  a 
ravine  on  the  headwaters  of  the  Fresno 
river,  where  a  short  ditch  only  was 
necessary  to  obtain  a  fall  of  sixty-three 
feet.  From  the  end  of  the  ditch  the 
water  is  conducted  to  the  wheel  through 
a  twenty-eight-inch  pipe,  230  feet  long. 


The  power  station  consists  of  a  three- 
nozzle,  sixty-seven-inch  Pelton  water 
wheel  running  under  a  head  of  sixty- 
three  feet  at  109  revolutions  per 
minute,  and  having  a  maximum  capa- 
city of  175-horse  power. 

The  power  is  transmitted  from  the 
wheel  to  a  countershaft  by  seventeen 
one  and  one-half-iuch  manilla  ropes, 
giving  the  countershaft  a  speed  of  300 
revolutions,  from  which  is  driven  by 
belt  connection  an  Electrical  Engineer- 
ing Co.'s  type  C  generator  of  125-horse 
power.  The  current  is  carried  to  the 
mine,  8000  feet  distant,  by  bare  copper 
wires  at  a  pressure  of  1000  volts  aud 
supplies  four  separate  and  independent 
motors  which  operate  a  twenty-stamp 
mill  and  rock  breaker,  concentrator 
pump  on  central  lift  and  a  set  of  hoist- 
ing works.  As  the  hoisting  works  re- 
quire about  fifty  per  cent  of  the  power 
generated  and  are  continually  starting 
and  stopping,  throwing  the  current  on 
and  off  instantly,  regulation  at  such 
high  pressure  and  under  such  great 
variations  of  load  proved  one  of  the 
most  trying  propositions  encountered. 
This,  however,  has  been  successfully 
accomplished  by  use  of  the  Pelton  dif- 
ferential governor  on  the  water  wheel, 
which,  it  is  said,  maintains  a  uniform 
voltage  under  any  and  all  of  the  varia- 
tions incident  to  the  operation  of  such 
a  variety  of  machinery  in  an  intermit- 
tent and  irregular  way.  On  account 
of  the  peculiar  local  conditions,  this 
plant  has  attracted  no  small  amount  of 
attention  from  capitalists  and  from 
scientists,  and  its  complete  success  has 
demonstrated  that  a  comparatively 
large  amount  of  power  can  be  procured 
by  this  means,  and  run  at  a  merely 
nominal  cost  as  compared  to  steam,  and 
without  the  inevitable  delays  incident 
to  steam-power  systems. 

It  is  predicted  that  the  day  is  not  far 
distant  when  every  large  mine  in  the 
country  will  have  adopted  electric 
power,  and  that  such  adoption,  in 
view  of  superior  advantages  for  con- 
tinuous service,  as  shown  in  the  record 
of  the  Mammoth  mine  outfit,  will  result 
in  the  more  general  use  of  convenient 
water  power. 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Mssay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 


Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


^liOMARKET.ST.S.F., 
V_£LEVATOR  12   FR0NT.5T.S.F Jf> 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

Mine-  and  7V\ill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

«a  &  «5  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  Shu  Fraiiclsco 

Ay-^     Wc  would  call  the  attention       -=--  ■  -^- 
i  l     of  Assayers,  Chemists,  M i a-  C^M-C-gtSy 
ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  \s,Kxrvvistfy 
panics,   Prospectors,  etc.,   to    \^      ^y 
our    full    stock   of    Balances, 
Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scoriflers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  K.  G.  Dennlston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -    New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado  830 CI  ty  of  Mexico 


r  SEAMLESS  TUBE 


""j^™™"    Simonds    Saws 


AND  MACHINE  KNIVES. 
RUBBER   BELTING 

RUBBER  HOSE,  COTTON  HOSE, 

PACKING. 

LEATHER     BELTING. 

DODGE  WOOD  SPLIT  PULLEYS. 

EHERY    WHEELS,    FILES, 

GRAPHITE  and  GRAPHITE  GREASE. 


SEAMLESS  TUBE  HOSE. 

Our  patented  Seamless  Tube  Hose  is  the  most  valuable 
improvement  made  in  hose  in  recent  years.  In  the  old  way 
the  tube  is  formed  from  a  sheet  of  rubber,  fifty  feet  long,  of  a 
width  to  encircle  the  hose  pole,  lapped  and  cemented  imany 
times  imperfectly),  and  the  water  gets  through  to  the  can- 
vas and  rots  it,  and  the  hose  bursts.  Our  seamless  tube  is 
run  the  same  as  lead  pipe  is  made  and  is  free 
from  defects.  This  process  is  employed  in  all  sizes  from 
one-half  inch  to  the  largest  fire  hose.  Buy  these  goods  and 
you  are  sure  to  get  the  worth  of  your  money. 


SIMONDS  SAW  CO., 

No. 31  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  and 

tio  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


March  2,  1  v  ' 


A  wonderful  machine,  which  is  not 
prodigious  and  terrible  piece  of 
enginery,  but  an  allegory,  is  called  a 
testing  machine,  and  is  used  u<  ascer- 
tain the  resisting  power  of  various  ma 
terials.  It  is  not  contenl  with  Hnding 
oul  that  abeam  of  <>ak.  fur-  instance, 
will  bear  without  breaking  a  pressure 
on  one  Bpol  of  160,000  pounds;  the 
i, ram  must  be  utterly  crushed  each 
time  the  test  is  mode,  and  note  must 
in  nf  tin-  exact  weighl  thai  lay 
upon  it  at  the  moment  <>f  its  final  dis- 
solution. Kay  after  day  this 
machine  heaves  and  strains  itself  and 
bears  down  with  slow  and  awful  force 
upon  some  tough  beam  or  Mori,  ol 
wood,  and  whether  the  timber  is  placed 
flatwise  and  needs,  say,  hut  a  paltry 
seventy-five  ton-,  to  crush  it, or  whether 
ii  i„.  placed  endwise  like  a  pillar,  and 
will  hold  up  twice  as  much  weighl 
before  it  cries  out    ami   gives   up  the 

ghost,  it  must  yield  just  the   same    and 

oder  its  pitiful  crushed  frame  to 
he  photographed  and  studied  and 
picked  t<>  pieces  for  the  benefit  of 
science.    Thai  is   the  machinery;  the 

allegory  lies  in  the  thine  by  the  force 
of  which  this  monstrous  pressure  is  ex- 
erted. It  is  oil.  nothing  hut  suave. 
.  yielding  oil,  the  emblem  ol  soft- 
ness and  agreeableness. 

There  is  ;i  certain  piston  in  this 
mechanism  which,  pressing  against  a 
tity  of  oil  in  a  confined  spare, 
forces  this  oil  against  another  iron  sur- 
face, which  in  turn  presses  forward 
i  he  timber,  so  that  all  this  crush- 
ing power  is  exerted  by  the  medium  of 
nothing  but  oil.  It  is  the  oil  that  dors 
it.  The  foreman  stands  over  Ins  great 
machine,  his  pupils  grouped  about, 
lies  down  Hat  on  its  great  hark,  like  a 
giant  bracing  his  shoulders  against  a 
rock  to  push  with  his  feet.  The  tiling 
which  he  is  pushing  against  is  a  beam 
of  seasoned  oak.  about  ten  inches 
square,  and  the  thing  with  which  he  is 
pushing  is  another  and  lengthwise 
square  drain  of  oak,  the  end  of  which 
is  directly  against  the  side  of  the  beam 
to  be  crushed.  Off  at  one  side,  appar- 
ently unconnected  with  the  machine, 
but  in  reality  connecting  with  it,  is  an 
apparatus  where  there  are  levers,  com- 
parable to  the  throttle  valve  of  a  loco- 
motive, and  a  gauge  which  registers 
accurately  the  pressure  that  is  being 
exerted.  A  young  learner  stands  at 
these  levers  and  this  gauge,  and  when 
in,  foreman  says,  "Turn  on  more  oil." 
he  moves  a  lever  and  the  pressure 
rises.  Seventy  thousand  pounds.  80,- 
000 pounds,  it  rises  rapidly.  The  length- 
wise beam  is  sinking  itself  deep  into  the 
side  of  the  victim  timber,  but  this  still 
holds  out  bravely.  The  pressure  rises 
to  90,000—100,000  pounds.  The  watch- 
ers all  gather  around  the  center  of  the 
pressure  in  anticipation  of  the  catas- 
trophe;  the  lengthwise  timber  is  squeez- 
ing into  the  solid  oak  of  the  other  one 
as  one's  thumb  might  be  driven  into  a 
piece  of  cheese. 

But  still  it  holds.  Little  by  little  the 
power  is  turned  on.  The  young  man  at 
the  gauge  calls  "  120,000,"  "  130,000," 
-'140.11110."  "150,000;"  you  hear  the 
snapping  of  a  myriad  of  tendons  within 
the  beam,  and  ail  these  sounds  join  in 
a  sort  of  low  buzzing  roar  or  cry, 
which  suggest  an  elemental  agony. 
One  hundred  and  sixty  thousand 
pounds — the  beam  sinks  deeper  into 
the  Hesh  of  its  victim— 170,000— "More 
oil!"  and  now  the  crackle  rises — the 
lengthwise  beam  itself  begins  to  crack, 
and  the  other  beam,  yielding  at  last, 
goes  to  pieces  all  at  once:  and  when 
the  pressure  is  removed  it  is  taken  out, 
twisted,  contorted,  riven,  pierced, 
crushed. 

It  is  useful  service,  after  all,  though 
it  seems  but  an  exhibition  of  the 
brutality  of  mere  mechanism,  that  the 
testing  machine  and  its  bed  of  oil  have 
done;  for  since  it  began  the  work  it 
has  proved  that  timbers  will  stand 
about  one  half  the  weight  which  the 
accepted  authorities  said  they  would 
stand;  and  by  introducing  a  more  con- 
servative weighting  of  wood  has  doubt- 
less saved  many  human  lives  from  de- 
struction by  the  collapse  of  timbered 
structures. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Tremendous  Pressure. 


141 


Power, 
/lining,    Hilling, 
Smelting,    Concentration 
and   Leaching  Hachinery;  Re> 
turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me 
chanical    Stokers,    Moisting    Engines, 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried  = 
ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines, 
Cornish   Pumps,   Roots   Blowers,  Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,   Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers, 
Crushing    Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes, 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional 
Hachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 
Concrete  Mixers,   Heavy  Ha 
chinery  and    Mine    Sup 
plies.  -  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Mex.; 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOB  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


OFFICE     /\IND     IJUORKSi       34 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

♦»  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦>♦ 
ci     36     Main     Street,     San     Francisco,    Cal, 


Hot    Salt    Solution    for     Relief    of 
Short  Hemorrhage. 


Dr.  Wyeth,  speaking  at  the  meeting 
of  the  New  York  State  Association  of 
Railway  Surgeons,  strongly  recom- 
mended the  injection  into  the  circula- 
tion, through  a  vein,  of  hot  salt  solu- 
tion to  take  the  place,  in  part,  of  the 
volume  of  blood  which  has  been  lost  as 
a  result  of  accident.  "The  solution 
which  I  have  employed,  running  in  as 
much  as  five  points' in  a  single  opera- 
tion, is  composed  of  clean  water,  which 
has  been  boiled  and  allowed  to  cool  to 
110° or  120°  P.,  or  just  as  hot  as  the 
hand  can  bear,  to  every  pint  of  which 
a  teaspoonful  of  common  salt  is  added. 
I  have  seen  the  pulse  go  from  140,  in 
cases  of  tremendous  hemorrhage, 
steadily  down  to  70  to  the  minute  within 
two  minutes  of  the  injection  of  a  pint 
of  this  solution.  While  it  may  be  used 
cooler  than  110°  F..  and  in  some  emer- 
gencies this  may  be  necessary,  it  is  safer 
to  give  it  as  hot  as  110°  to  120°,  because 
the  cold  solution  robs  the  body  of  its 
heat,  while  the  hot  solution  carries 
heat  with  it,  and  thus  adds  to  the 
maintenance  of  the  normal  temper- 
ature. The  apparatus  is  simple,  a 
metal  or  glass  pipette  to  go  into  the 
vein,  a  rubber  tube  three  or  four  feet 
long  and  an  irrigator  bag  or  vessel." 

The  Boxer,  the  latest  torpedo  boat 
built  for  the. British  Admiralty,  is  2014 
feet  long,  19  feet  beam;  draught, 
loaded,  7  feet  2  inches.  On  a  recent 
trial  trip  the  mean  speed  on  six  runs 
over  the  measured  mile  was  29.814 
knots,   or  33*   statute  miles,  per  hour. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

— *  *^ni„tPiy  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof,  m* 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS  and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F>.  Sc  B-  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  )}t™£ZJZ^*; 

22l^ocitlrBroadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 


220  Market  St, 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  a"eucy  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
ta t  ri  lies  oil  lie  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary and  record  ol' original  cases  in  our  office,  we  hive  other  advantages  f ar beyoud  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
nne I  ice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
datennininB  the  ■patentability  of  inventions  brought  before- us-  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  ou  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St. ,S. F. 


142 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  2,  18&5. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  Feb.  28,  1895. 

Silver  appreciated  a  trifle  during  the  week. 
It  is  believed  that  it  will  not  again  go  below 
the  Mu  mark.  The  story  is  again  told,  with 
considerable  semblance  of  truth,  that  the  rea- 
son British  capitalists  are  now  inspecting  and 
securing  promising  silver  properties  in  the 
northwest  is  the  prevalent  British  belief  that 
favorable  British  legislation  toward  the  white 
metal  is  one  of  the  assured  events  of  the  near 
future,  and  that  inside  of  a  year  the  British 
parliament  will  tacitly  recognize  every  claim 
put  forward  by  the  friends  of  silver  or  the  po- 
litical economists  who  recognize  the  necessity 
of  a  bimetallic  policy. 

In  18154  the  price  of  bar  copper  in  New  York 
City  was  55  cents  per  pound.  Despite  the 
enormous  consumption  of  copper  occasioned  by 
the  great  advance  in  electrical  equipment, 
copper  is  quoted  to-day  at  9%  cents,  with  a 
downward  tendency.  In  the  same  year  galena 
sold  for  S225  per  ton  and  lead  for  25  cents  per 
pound :  to-day  it  is  slow  of  sale,  in  New  York, 
at  3'4. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,  Feb.  28.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19"@20c ;  American,  9.50@12.50c. 

COPPER— Brokers',  93<Jc;  exchange,    9.90c. 

LEAD— Brokers',  S3.02X;    exchange,    $3.10. 

TIN -Straits,  13%c;  plates, c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  $3.20. 
New  York  Prices. 

New  York,  Feb.  28. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week: 

, Silver  in . 

London.    N.  Y.     Copper.      Lead. 

Friday 27W       60  9  75         3  02H 

Saturday 27M       60  9  75        3  02^ 

Monday Zl%       60«  

Tuesday 87J£       60%         

Wednesday 27S£       60%  9  75        3  02 

Thursday 27%       60)4  

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 12KaO 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 7&o 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.88 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.89H 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 60^ 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 


San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 
Perlb —    @      10 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots —    @       5H 

Powdered,         "      —    @       by3 

Concentrated,  "      —    @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @      — 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 21    @     — 

Ingot,  jobbing —    @      16 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @     14 

TIN  PLATE. 

Pur  bx 5  25    @  6  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00    @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton. 15  00    @18  00 

STEEL. 
English.lb 14    @      16 

NAILS. 

Wire «2  90 

Cut 2  65 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 15    @    16  00 

ZINC. 

Sheet 8X@ 

LEAD. 

Pig —    @      3  90 

Bar —    @      4  20 

Sheet —    @     5  25 

Pipe —    @      4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs . .  .$1  20 

Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "...  145 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,     "  "...  145 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 3700   <a 

COAL. 

SPOT  PROM   YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $  7  75 

Ureta 7  50 

Nanatmo.. 6  25 

Oilman 575 

Seattle. 6  00 

Coos  Bay 5  50 

Cannel 8  00 

Egg,  hard 12  50 

Wallsend 7  00 

Scotch  Splint 8  00 

Irymbo 7  50 

tVest  Hartley 8  50 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85    @ 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00    @ 

Scotch  Splint 650    @ 

Cardiff 650    <S> 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00    @ 

Cumberland 1100    @ 

Egg,  hard 12  00   @ 

West  Hartley 7  00    @ 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c  $4  bbl 

English,  to  load 9  00  @    10  00 

spot,  in  bulk ©1150 

in  sacks ©12  50 

Cumberland 900   @ 

LUMBER. 

SAN   FRANCISCO —  WHOLESALE. 

Redwood ,  Pluming 17  00    @ 

Pine 1300    ©    18  00 

Spruce 25  00    ©30  00 


Mining  Share  Market. 

San  Francisco,  Feb.  28,  1S95. 

Last  week  the  little  bears  had  things  their 
own  way.  This  week  there  was  an  upward 
tendency,  prices  holding  strong  through  the 
week,  particularly  on  the  north  end  stocks. 

The  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.'s  bullion  output  for 
February  was  851,081.84,  on  which  there  was 
a  $10,000  profit  for  the  company.  Supt.  Lyman 
gives  very  good  reports  of  the  mine  during 
the  week.  General  reports  from  the  Corn- 
stock  are  favorable. 

The  following  mining  companies  have  been 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Every  Thursday  from  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  Sun  Francisco  Journals. 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Levied,  Deling't  and  Site.  Secretary. 

.Feb    18,  Mar  25,  Apr  17 Geo  R  Spinney,  310  Pine 

.Jan   21,  Feb  26,  Mar  21 R  R  Grayson.  331  Pine 

.Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  25 C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building 

.Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  16 CL  McCoy,  Mills  Building 

Jan     9,  Feb  13,  Mar     6 AS  Groth,  414  California 

.Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  17 Cbas  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

.Jan    15,  Feb  16,  Mar  11 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

.Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  11 H  P  Bush,  134  Market 

.Jan     8,  Feb    28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

.Jan    17,  Feb  19,  Mar  12 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

.Jan      2,  Mar     9,  Apr    6 WmSchaw 

.Jan   21,  Mar    6,  April  5 WW  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

.Feb    13,  Mar  20,  Apr  10 J  Stadtfeld,  Jr.,  309  Montgomery 

.Feb     9, Mar  14,  Apr    3 RE  Kelly,  309  Mootgomery 

.Jan    28,  Mar     8,  Mar  27 ,H  W  Morris,  143  First 

.Dec    31,  Feb   11,  April  3..  Jobn  H  Ishatn,  room  33,  Mills  Bldg. 

.Jan    16,  Feb  20,  Mar  11 E  L  Parker,  309  Montgomery 

.Feb    20,  Apr     1,  Apr  22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

.Jan    25,Mar    4,  Mar  22 W  H  Schmidt,  207  East 

.Feb    11,  Mar  18,  Apr    8 H  R  Williar,  214  Pine 


Company  and  Location.  No. 

Booth  G  M  Co,  Cal 5, . . 

Bullion  M  Co,  Nev 44.. 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal 1... 

Challenge  Con,  Nev 18... 

Confidences  M  Co,  Nev 25... 

Con  New  York,  Nev 13. . 

Crescent  M  Co,  Cal 1 . . 

Eureka  Con,  Nev 13, . 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev 1.. 

Gould  &  Curry  S  M  Co,  Nev. . .  .75. . 

Granite  G  M  Co,  Cal 2... 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 26.. 

Julia  Con  M  Co,  Nev 26.. 

Justice  M  Co,  Nev 58. . 

North  San  Juan  G  M  Co 1... 

ReedM&MCo,  Nev 1... 

Sierra  Nevada  S  M  Co,  Nev . . .  108. . 

South  Eureka  M  Co,  Cal 17.. 

Standard  Gravel  Co,  Cal 1 . . . 

Starlight  Mining  Co,  Cal 5... 


.  2c.. 
.10c.. 
.10c. 
.5c. 
.30c. 
.5c. 
.10c. 
.25c . 
.15c. 
.15c. 

■  mc 

.10c. 
.  5c. 
.10c. 
.12c. 
.  2C. 
.25c. 
.  lc. 
. 12c . . 
.10c. 


Company  and  Location. 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co 

Hale  &  Norcross,  Nev 

Potosi  M  Co,  Nev 


MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

.  ..C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building March   9 

. . .  A  B  Thompson,  26  Nevada  Block March  13 

...CE  Elliott,  309  Montgomery March  13 


dropped  from  the  list  of  the  San  Francisco 
Stock  Exchange  for  non-payment  of  the  ar- 
nual  dues:  Baltimore,  Grand  Prize,  Navajo, 
Belle  Isle,  Commonwealth  and  Mayflower. 

The  auction  sale  of  the  delinquent  stock  of 
the  Yellow  Jacket  mine  was  held  by  Sheriff 
Quirk  at  the  office  of  the  company  in  Gold  Hill 
Wednesday  afternoon,  says  the  Virginia 
Enterprise.  Out'of  the  capital  stock  of  the 
company  only  37d  shares  were  delinquent,  the 
assessment  of  twenty-five  cents  per  share 
having  been  collected  on  the  balance.  The 
highest  bidder  was  H.  S.  Beck,  who  bought 
the  forfeited  stock  at  37%  cents  per  share. 

The  new  commission  rates  adopted  by  the 
Denver  Exchange  go  into  effect  this  week. 
On  stocks  selling  at  2  cents  and  under  the 
broker  is  allowed  %  cent  a  share;  from  2  to  10, 
%  cent ;  from  10  to  25,  %  cent ;   from  25  to  50, 

1  cent ;  from  60  to  75,  1%  cents ;  from  75  to  $1, 

2  cents ;  from  $1  to  $2,  2%  cents,  and  above  S2, 
1  per  cent  on  the  money  handled — a  little 
difference  from  the  Pine  street  tariff. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 


Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point 

Exchequer 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale  &.  Norcross 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 


Sierra  Nevada., 

Union 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket.. 


21 


74 

1  45 


40 
54 

1  35 

2  55 

""47 


74 
1  55 
15 
50 
44 
61 
44 
06 


San   Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco, 
9:30  a.  m.  session. 


Feb.  28,  1895. 


150  Andes 24)500  Kentuck 

1 1  u  1  u.-.  1  ..1,....  in  .vm  x ; 


lOOBelcher 42 

500 

150  Best  &  Belcher....  77 

50 78 

100  Bonanza 05 

100  Chollar 51 

450  Con  Cal  &  Va 2  50 

500  Crown  Point 42 

150  Gould  &  Curry 45 

300  Hale  &  Norcross. .  95 


...  04 

200  Mexican 74 

1000  Occidental 09 

500  Ophir 1  50 

100  Potosi 49 

200  Savage 42 

100  Sierra  Nevada. ...  61 

50  Union 44 

700  Utah 06 

100  Yellow  Jacket ....  53 


SECOND  SESSION— 2:  30  P.  M. 


200Alta 33 

50  Andes 

200  Belcher 46 

100  Bodie 82 

100 81 

450  Chollar 53 

450    54 

300  Challenge 40 

300  C.  C.  V 2  55 

100  Confidence 1  35 


600  Crown  Point 47 

100  G.  &C 49 

2MH4  N 98 

700  Ophir 1  55 

100  Overman 15 

350 16 

350Potosi 50 

50  Savage 44 

600 Yellow  Jacket....  59 


Successive  strikes  of  miners  in 
England  and  Scotland  are  said  to  be 
rapidly  developing  the  coal  production 
of  India. 

The  Kongo  railroad  has  cost  $62,000 
per  mile,  which  is  just  double  the  esti- 
mate. 

About  five-eighths  of  the  steamers 
in  the  world  are  under  the  British  flag. 


A  short  time  ago  the  mill  of  Smith  Bros.  & 
Co.,  at  Portland,  Or.,  made  the  largest  cut 
ever  made  at  the  mill,  running  on  spruce 
stuff.  Simonds'  "B"  pattern  saws  were 
used.  The  foreman,  Mr.  Flood,  believes  the 
Simonds  saws  have  no  equal. — West  Coast 
Lumberman. 


J.  Henry  Searles, 

Formerly  of  New  Hampshire, 

Please  write  to  the  undersigned. 

FIVE  DOLLARS  REWARD 

For  first  information  of  his  present  residence. 

Address 

A.   A.   H1BBARD.     602     Market    Street.    San 

Francisco. 


List  of   U.   S.  Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported    by    Dewey    &    Co.,    Pioneer    Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


FOR  WEEK  ENDING  FEBRUARY  19,  1895. 

534,593.— Checking  Device— J.  Arnott  Jr.,  Camp- 

tonville,  Cal. 
534,465.— Leather  Loop  Machine— F.   J.  Bring- 

ham,  S.  F. 
534,249.— Thresher— T.  A.  Bryerley,  Stocluon,  Cal. 
534,549.— Air  Cooler— J.  R.  Cook.  Pioche,  Nev. 
534,363. — Fly  Screen— Deacon  &  Lotspeich,  Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 
534,471.— Cultivator— R.  Franken,  Los  Angeles, 

Cal. 
534,507.— Rod  Coupling— E.  M.  Hoagland,  Salina, 

Cal 
534,331.— Bolt— J.  Hodgson,  S.  F. 
534,564.— Gas  Pipe— D.  J.  Maephersou,  Pasadena, 

Cal. 
534,443.— Blacking   Case—  L.    Mauguin,   Cottage 

Grove,  Ogn. 
534,278.— Sack  Holder— I.  G.  Moon,  John  Day,  Ogn. 
534,516.— Magazine  Gun— B,   F.  Pettit,   San   Luis 

Obispo,  Cal. 
534,374.— Dental  Tool— O.  H.  &  A.  F.  Piper,  San 

Jose,  Cal. 
534,519.— Electric  Railway— A.  RoseDholz,  S,  F. 
534,527.— Riveting  Machine— J.  I.  Smith,  Chieo. 

Cal. 
534.452.— Key- Ring— J.  C.  Schlarbaum,  S.  F. 
534, 285.^ Vehicle   Seat— T.    C.    Shankland.    Oak- 
land, Cal. 
534,591.— Lubricator— Wlble  &  Pressev,  Areata, 

Cal. 
534,309.— Collar   Button— G.   H.  Williams,  Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nlBhed  by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 
(by  mail  for  telegraphic  order).  American  and 
Foreign  patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  busi- 
ness for  Pacific  Coast  Inventors  transacted  with 
perfect  security,  at  reasonable  rains,  and  in  the 
shortest  possible  lime. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
IT.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention : 

Conduit  Electric  Railway.  —  Alfred 
Rosenholz,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  assiguor  of 
one-half  to  Samuel  J.  Clarke  and  Harvey  S. 
Brown.  No.  533,610.  Dated  Feb.  5,  1S95. 
This  invention  relates  to  improvements  in 
conduit  electric  railways.  It  consists  of  a 
slotted  tube  or  tunnel ;  a  main'  conductor  or 
conductors  extending  parallel  therewith  and 
having  branch  wires  leading  from  the  main 
conductors  into  the  tube  or  tunnel ;  tilting 
arms  with  which  these  wires  connect,  the 
arms  acting  as  switches  to  turn  on  or  cut  off 
the  current.  A  conducting  wire  is  stretched 
between  automatically  adjustable  arms  which 
project  through  the  slot  into  the  tube  or  tun- 
nel from  opposite  ends  of  each  car.  This  wire 
forms  contact  with  rollers  over  which  it 
passes  at  each  of  these  switches,  and  when 
this  contact  is  formed,  a  current  of  electricity 
will  pass  through  the  wire  to  the  motor  mech- 
anism on  the  car.  As  soon  as  the  car  has 
passed  the  switch,  the  latter  instantly  cuts 
off  the  current,  while  the  car  forms  contact 
with  the  next  successive  switch,  and  so  on 
from  one  end  to  the  other,  a  new  supply  of 
electricity  passing  in  at  each  successive  con- 
tact. The  main  conductors  passing  through 
a  sealed  and  insulated-containing  tube,  all 
leakage  and  loss  of  electricity  is  thus  pre- 
vented. 

Hoisting  and  Conveying  Apparatus. — 
Louis  Rosenf eld,  New  York,  N.  Y.  No.  533,- 
669.  Dated  Feb.  5,  1895.  The  object  of  this 
apparatus  is  to  effect  the  forward  and  back 
travel  of  the  load  while  being  suspended  at 
any  height  without  the  use  of  latches,  and  to 
enable  the  load  to  be  raised  or  lowered  at  any 
point.  The  apparatus  consists  of  a  sheave 
carrier,  by  which  is  meant  a  frame  containing 
a  pair  of  sheaves;  means  whereby  the  sheave 
carrier  is  causeel  to  travel  forward  and  back- 
ward, a  load  rope,  the  ends  of  which  are 
guided  to  the  load  by  the  sheaves  of  the  car- 
rier, and  whose  bight  passes  freely  through  a 
running  block,  and  a  hoisting  line  connected 
with  the  running  block. 


FOR    SALE. 

The  Whole  or  Half  Interest  in  a  good  quartz 
mine  (last  assay  $70.34  per  ton).  Three  immense 
ledges  of  4000  feet  long,  600  feet  wide,  crosscut 
showing  thirty  feet  of  quartz;  plenty  water  and 
timber  on  the  ground;  only  three  miles  from  melt- 
ing works;  good  reason  for  selling.  Selling 
price,  $30,000  for  whole  mine.    Address 

E.  R>.  1405  Bush  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Assessment  Notices. 


FAIRFAX  VILLA  COMPANY.  -  Location  of 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works,  Fairfax,  Marin  county, 
California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  liU.li  day  of  February. 
181*5,  an  assessment,  No.  2,  of  one  hundred  dollars 
($100)  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Stock 
of  the  Corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United 
States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary,  -'ii  the  office  of  the 
Company,  Room  5t;,  No.  ;ioil  Montgomery  street,  San 
Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  2tith  day  of  March.  1SH5,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  wale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  16th  day  of  April,  1895,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  Bv  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

J.  STADTFELD.  Jr.,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  No.  56,  No  309  Montgomery  street, 
San  Francisco,  California. 


CHALLENGE  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  principal  place  of  business, 
San  Francisco.  California;  location  of  works,  Gold 
Hill,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  nineteenth  (lath)  day 
of  February,  1895,  an  assessment  (No.  18)  of  Five 
Cents  (5e)  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital 
stock  of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately  in 
United  States  gold  coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office 
of  the  company.  Room  35,  third  floor,  Mills  Building 
corner  Bush  and  Montgomery  streets,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  twenty-sixth  (2(Sth)  day  of 
March,  1SH5,  will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for 
sale  at  public  auction,  and  unless  payment  is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  sixteenth 
(16th)  day  of  April.  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent 
assessment,  together  with  cost  of  advertising  and 
expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

C.  L.  McCOY.  Secretary. 

Office— Room  35,  third  floor.  Mills  Building,  corner 
Bush  and  Montgomery  Streets,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 


BOOTH  GOLD  MINING  COMPANY.-Location  of 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Location  of  works.  Auburn.  Placer  county, 
California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  Of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  eighteenth  day  of 
February,  1895,  an  assessment  (No.  5)  of  Two  (2c) 
cents  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock 
of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately  In  United 
States  gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the 
company.  No.  310  Pine  street,  Room  No.  28,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  i be  twenty-fifth  dav  of  March,  1895, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  seventeenth  day  of 
April,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- J 
gether  with  costs  of  advertising;  and  expenses  ofJ 
sale.    By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  It.  SPINNEY,  Secretary. 

Office— No.  H10  Pine  street,  Room  No.  88,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing received  applications  to  mine  bv  the  hydraulic 
process  from  A.  Blair,  in  the  American  House  Mine, 
near  La  Porte.  Plumas  Co.,  Cal..  to  Impound  tailings 
behind  dams  in  the  American  House  Ravine;  from 
Jay  E.  Russell.  In  the  Spring  Tunnel  and  Spring 
Canyon  Mines,  near  Mount  Gregory,  El  Dorado  Co., 
Cat.  lu  Impound  tailings  behind  brush  dams  in 
Spring  Canyon;  from  Porter  PhlllipB,  In  the  Mount 
Gregory  Gold  Mine,  near  Georgetown,  EI  Dorado- 
Co..  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  behind  brush  and  logM 
dams  In  a  ravine  below  the  mine;  From  Wulff  Bros.,M 
in  the  Deer  Valley  Mine,  near  Green  Valley,  El  I 
Dorado  Co..  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  in  an  old 
hydraulic  pit:  from  John  Euoa.  in  the  Strawberry 
Placer  Mine,  near  Valllclta.  Calaveras  Co..  Cal.,  to  • 
Impound  tailings  behind  rock  dam  in  a  gulch  below 
the  mine:  from  Geo.  it.  Evans  el  al.,  In  the  Red  Hill 
and  Telegraph  Hill  Mines,  near  Rnueheria.  Amador 
Co..  Cal..  to  impound  tailings  behind  log  dam  in 
Chili  Gulch;  and  from  Moy  Jin  Mun.  In  the  Grizzly 
Hill  Mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co.,  Cal..  to  im- 
pound tailings  behind  brush  dam  in  a  ravine  below 
the  mine,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at 
Room  No. !'"!.  Flood  Building,  San  Francisco.  Cal..  on 
March  18th,  1895,  al  1:30  P.  M. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 

a*. 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

1A/7VV.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
Gary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin 


ery,  Boilers,  Eng 
Cag 
1^    Beale    St.,    San    Francisco. 


ines,  Ore  Buckets.  Ore  Cars, 
,  Hoists,  etc. 


UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,«» 

—Manufacturers  of— 
STEAri   ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 
♦     ♦     MACHINERY  FOR    MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  B«st.  IN  <Xz  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  50  cents  additional  per 
volume. 


March  2,   L895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


143 


Coast  Industrial   Notes. 


The  advent  of    pennies 
Seattle,  Wash. 


trip  \a  due  i-i  the  bet  thai  tin-  Reaper's  cargo 
of  barley  was  deatroyad  in  the  Portland  Bre  of 
September  'i*4,  and   ihr  vessel   im. I   tn  take 
reported     in     wheat  instead. 


-  The  Ureal  Northern  in  Washington  State 
nos  contracted  tbr35O,00U  ties  to  be  delivered 

e  i*t. 

The   revenue  steamer  Rush  is  to  have  an 
Light  plant.     Bids  close  at  the  Custom 
Huns. ■  next  Monday. 

During  18M  the  Arizona  I  lompany  at  Flag- 
staff, Ai-i/niia.  shipped  1  (v  carloads  <>f  pine 
lumber  to  Los  Angeles, 

—Lumber  exports  from  the  Puget  sound 
district  in  the  mouth  of  January  amounted  t.< 
4,971,000  feet,  valued  al  141,105. 

— Centraliu,  Wash.,  has  voted  in  favor  of 
issuing  bonds  to  purchase  an  electric  light  plant 
for  $t:t,oiio,  the  bonds  to  run  twenty  years, 

The    (''nisi     anil  (leudel  it- Survey  steamer 

rXassler.  now  at  Taooma,  is  ordered  sold.  She 
was  built  twenty-five  years  ago,  and  cost 
170,000. 

The  Sunset  Telephone  Co.,  has  about 
completed  arrangements  to  connect  this  city, 
Stockton,  Sonora,  Angels,  San  Andreas  and 
Intermediate  p 

A  carload  of  eggs  Laid  on  the  Pacific  Coast 
was  sold  to  a  Chicago  dealer  this  week.  This 
lathe  Brst  time  California  eggs  \\vn_-  cvit 
sold  east  of  the  Missouri  river. 

There  are  said  to  be  nearly  ion  steam 
Vessels  in  Alaskan  waters  thai  arc  never  in- 
spected,  says  Supervising  inspector  Birming- 
ham. It  is  practically  impossible  to  do  so,  by 
reason  of  i Daccessibili t  v. 

The    owners  Of   the  steamer  Aliee  Blaneh- 

ard,  are  negotiating  for  the  purchase  of  a 
Largs  steamer  which  is  to  be  pul  on  the  route 

ii  Alaska  aud  San  PranclSCO,  calling  in 
at   Portland.  COOS  Hay  and  Kureka. 

The  Market  Street  Railway  Co,  are  push- 
ing their  electric  railway  schemes,  and  pro- 
pose displacing  the  table  system  on  Market 
street  by  electric  ears.  They  are  also  build- 
ing two  elect  lie  roads  from  First  avenue  to  the 
ocean. 

it  is  seriously  announced  that  the  Great 
Northern  Railway  is  preparing  as  rapidly  as 
possible  lo  extend  its  coastline  from  Seattle 
south  to  Tacoma  and  Portland,  and  at  the 
latter  city  it  is  to  conned  with  the  Southern 
Pacific  for  this  city. 

—Sixteen  more  miles  of  track  will  complete 
the  line  of  the  Santa  J^e,  Prescott  &  Phoenix 
Railway  Company.  It  will  he  in  operation  in 
three  weeks.  The  new  road  is  lit?  miles  in 
length,  extending  from  Ash  Fork,  via 
Prescott,    to  PhceniXj  Arizona. 

-  Tin*  Pacific  Coast  Steamship  Company 
has  reduced  freight  rates  between  this  port 
and  Alaska  from  $11  to #:t  per  ton  ou  general 
merchandise,  subject  to  a  further  reduction 
to  parties  having  freight  contracts  with  the 
company,  being  the   result  of  competition. 

-—President  Palmer,  of  the  Golden  State 
and  Miners'  Iron  Works,  has  finished  the  300- 
ii.  P.  engine,  previously  reported,  which  goes 
to  the  Casper  Lumber  Co.,  of  Mendocino.  The 
Works  has  also  turned  out  a  tandem  compound 
engine  for  a  stern-wheel  steamer  in  Alaskan 
waters. 

—The  Felts  Electric  Light  and  Power  Co. 
has  incorporated.  Principal  place  of  buisness, 
Colusa.  Capital  stock,  91,000,000,  with  W.  W. 
Pelts,  E.  F.  Peart,  G.  T.  Scott,  .1.  K.  Bar- 
tholomew, C.  C.  Felts,  C.  B.  Harden,  E.  E. 
Sett.  \v.  F.  Ford,  and  U.  W.  Brown  as  di- 
pectors. 

—The  Sacramento  Electric  Light  and  Pow- 
er Co.  have  begun  the  erection  of  their  pole 
line  between  Folsom  and  Sacramento.  The 
first  of  the  Kmmj-H.  P.  electric  generators  will 
be  at  the  power  house  in  Folsom  about  May 
loth.  The  company  expects  to  have  the  pow- 
er in  Sacramento  aud  available  for  use  by 
June  5th. 

—The  articles  of  incorporation  of  the  San 
Francisco  and  San  Joaquin  Valley  Railroad 
were  filed  this  week.  They  provide  for  the 
construction  of  a  railroad  from  a  point  on  San 
Francisco  Bay  to  Bakersfield,  the  distance  be- 
ing, approximately,  350  miles.  The  capital 
stock  is  set  at  $6,000,000,  and  $1,746,500,  re- 
presenting ten  per  cent  of  17, 465  shares,  has 
already  been  subscribed. 

—The  first  cargo  of  wheat  that  has  gone 
around  Cape  Horn  in  thirty  years,  or  since  the 
transcontinental  railroads  monopolized  the 
trade,  has  arrived  in  New  York  on  the  ship 
Reaper.  It  consists  of  2000  tons,  from  Astoria, 
Or.    The  wheat  will  be  sold  at  a  loss,  but  the 


Tin-    Union    <  >aa    Engine     Co,     lis 
shipped  to  the  Margaritte  Mining  aud  Milling 
Co.  a  new  form  of  sinking    pump  and 

to bined.  it  Is  ail  self-contained  and 
will  be  used  in  sinking  a  new  SftO-foOl  Bhaft 
On  the  mine. 

Grace  &  Co'a  chartered  steamer  the 
:  Bawumore  is  back  form  Talara  Hay  with  2600 
tons  crude  oil.  Captain  Woodside  reports  hav- 
ing used  liquid  fuel  all  the  way  up,  and 
found  it  satisfactory.  The  Hues  were  clean, 
and  there  was  no  ash.  The  return  trip  was 
made  in  twenty  days. 

On  the  Mexican  International  railway  con- 
struction has  commenced  on  the  branch  from 
Monolova  west  to  the  mining  town  of  Sierra 
Mojada,  about  160  miles.  The  line  was  partial- 
ly graded  Id  1893.  Work  has  also  been  com- 
menced on  the  branch  from  Riata  southeast 
to  Monterey,  sixty  miles. 
—The    West  Side  Canal  aud  Land  Company 

has  Incorporated  with  acapital  of  $5,000,000,  oi 

which  (35,000  have  been  subscribed.  The  pur- 
pose of  the  company  is  to  irrigate  Fresno, 
Kings.  Merced  and  Stanislaus  counties. 
Directors-   William  Strader,  B,    W.Gray,  T. 

I.,  Orr,  A.  B.  Dobbins  ami  Wm.  .1.  Smith. 

The  Ontario  Electric  Company  lias  incor- 
porated wild  ii  capital  stock  of*  $100,00<),  of 
which  $95,000  has  been  actually  subscribed. 
Work  will  shortly  be  commenced  on  the 
Kuclid-avenue  elect ric  railway,  which  will  be 
seven  miles  long.  Electric  lights  and  a  tower 
arc   also  lobe  furnished  by  the  new  company. 

— A  syndicate  of  wealthy  Chinese  of  this 
city,  composed  of  mehibers  of  the  Six  Compa- 
nies, has  secured  a  lease  of  the  fruit  ranch  own- 
ed by  General  John  Bidwell,  the  Chicd  mil- 
lion;! ire  Bid  well's  orchard  was  for  many. years 
the  most  exteusive  in  the  State,  and  still 
ranks  second,  containing  between  4,uim  and 
5,000  acres  planted  in  deciduous  fruits. 

— Covernor  Budd  hasappointed  the  following 
to  act  as  commissioners  for  California  at  the 
Mexican  International  Exposition  next  year: 
Colonel  A.  Andrews,  Irving  Scott  and  .lames 
Cross  of  this  city,  Colonel  H.  Weinstock  of 
Sacramento,  S.  J.  Del  Valle  of  Los  Augeles, 
and  Daniel  Murphy  Jr.  of  San  Jose.  These 
commissioners  will  act  in  conjunction  with  the 
local  Mexican  Consul. 

—The  hill  which  was  introduced  in  the  State 
Senate  providing  for  the  formation  of  a  Sacra- 
mento Valley  Drainage  District,  has  been 
withdrawn,  Senator  Hart  explains  that  he 
had  introduced  the  bill  as  the  request  of  Hon. 
A.  H.  Rose,  Commissioner  of  Public  Works, 
but  had  not  agreed  to  support  it.  While  he 
believed  some  plan  of  reclamation  similar  to 
that  proposed  by  Mr.  Rose  would  be  adopted 
at  a  future  time,  he. did  not.  think  the  people 
were  ready  for  it  yet. 

— The  San  Francisco  and  San  Joaquin  Coal 
Company  has  incorporated  to  purchase  and 
deal  in  lands  containing  coal  and  coal  deposits 
in  the  counties  of  Alemada  and  San  Joaquin 
aud  elsewhere,  to  buy  and  build  wharves, 
warehouses,  etc.  ;  manufacture  lime ;  bore 
for  natural  gas  and  oil;  to  build,  open  and 
conduct  hotels,  stores;  to  manufacture  machin- 
ery, and  for  various  other  busiuess  purposes- 
The  directors  are  James  Treadwell,  John  W. 
Coleman,  J.  D.  Fry,  J.  G.  Johnson,  R.  D.  Fry 
and  H.  A.  Williams.  The  capital  stock  is 
$5,000,000,  of  which  $0,000  has  been  subscribed. 

— Eight  establishments  submitted  bids  for 
the  construction  of  the  three  torpedo  boats  au- 
thorized by  Congress.  The  bid  of  the  Union  Iron 
Works  was:  department  plan,  one  boat,  $135,- 
000;  two  boats,  $129,000  each;  three  boats, 
$120,000  each;  total,  $360,000.  Modified  plan: 
one  boat,  $125,000;  two  boats,  $120,000  each; 
three  boats,  $110,000  ea-h;  total,  $348,000. 
Modified  plan,  larger  boat,  240  tons  displace- 
ment, and  twenty-eight  knots  speed :  one  boat, 
$243,000.  The  Fulton  Engineering  and  Ship- 
building Works  bid :  department  plan,  one  boat, 
$148,000;  two  boats,  $145,000  each.  The  boats 
must  have  a  speed  of  24. 5  knots;  there  is  no  pre- 
mium for  extra  speed,  but  there  is  a  penalty 
of  $10,000  per  knot  for  failure  to  reach  the  re- 
quirement. "The  department  plan"  is  on 
plans  furnished  by  the  government :  the 
"modified  plan"  is  on  plans  submitted  in- 
dividually by  the  several  bidders.  It  will  be 
probably  April  10th  before  it  can  be  determin- 
ed which  is  the  bid  to  be  accepted. 


The  Mount  Bischoff  mine,  in 
Tasmania,  has  paid  over  $6,000,000  in 
dividends. 


GEAR  CUTTING 

A     SPECIALTY. 

Fine  Work  at  Bedrock  Rates. 

SPUR,  BEVEL,  and  WORM  GEARS  of  any 
pitch  or  size  up  lo  50  Inches. 

(<<(    TAPS  AND  REAMERS  (WOUND.    >>)> 

i     ■  ■■■■'   i'   '  ill  Uinds. 

P.  T.  TAYLOR  &   CO., 


523  Hlailon  >t  r«-i-[. 


Ran  Francisco,  Cal 


Mining  Machinery. 


STAMP   BATTERIES. 

Corliss  and  Meyer  Cut-off 

Steam    Engines. 

Improved 

Blake  Rock  Breakers. 

Amalgamating  Pans 
and  Settlers. 

CHLORINATION  BARRELS. 

BRUCKNER    ROASTING    CYLINDERS. 


-♦  VULCAN  ♦— 


WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135  to  145  Fremont  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN  A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USED THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  -—'■—' 

CAPACITIES  lso  tons'!  different 

.""""""        PER  HOUR.  >        SIZES. 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY    DESCRIPTION. 

TREMAIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,  King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinery.  . 

Dent.  "M."  50  S.  Clinton  St. 

CHICAGO,  ILLS..  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS 


NEW    YORK, 
136    LIBERTY    ST. 


LONDON.   E.   C, 
T3    A    QUEEN    VICTORIA    ST. 


BUTTE. 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO, 
6    CALLE    DE    GANTE. 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted,  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  °ur  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  iu  the  water  •wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 


ROASTIN 

tl. mi-  a 
Metals 
M.  E. 

This  1:1 


By  J.  S.  PHILLIPS.  M.  B. 
A  practical  exposition  of  the  various  departments 
of  Geology.  Exploration,  Mining1,   Engineering,  As- 
aaaing  and  Metallurgy. 

The  work  is  divided  into  tour  pari*     Rucks. Wins. 

Testing-  and  Assaying.  The  geological  chapters  are 
intended  lo  give  miners  a  practical  idea  Of  the 
various  formations.  The  chapters  On  mineral  veins 
are  derived  from  lout:  observation,  aud  the  section 
on  exploration  has  been  carefully  eoiiBidered.  All 
that  relates  to  discrimination  and  assay  lias  been 
kept  as  free  from  formula  as  possible.  Tin- work 
Is  written  for  practical  men.  and  all  the  explana- 
tions and  discrlptionsare  clear  and  lo  the  point.  It 
Is  bo  prepared  that  It   is  useful  to  uneducated  men 

''VriceSfflOposMiaW.     Sold  by   THE   MINING  AND   |  MINING  AND   SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.   221 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Market  St..  San  Francisco.  '  San  Francisco. 


Books    on   Working  Ores. 


By  GUIDO  kcstel.  M.  e. 


;  ov  Gold  and  Sii,vkh  Ohes  (Sec 
iid  the  Extraction  of  their  ll< 
without  Quicksilver.    By  GriDu 

•!■  book  en  the  treatment  of  gold  » 

out    quicksilver    is     liberally     It 

f  facts.    It  gives  short 


ond   Edi- 
■spectlve 

Kl'STEL, 

mi  silver 
lustrated 


scrlpth 


efore 


IK 


bag  apparatus,  it  is  a  \u 
an  ih or  whose  reputation 
specially.     Price.   S3,   postpaid. 


■d  in  bis 
■  by  THE 
larkel  St.. 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS. 

■Z2.Q  market  St.,  Stan  Francisco,  Cal. 


144 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  2    1895. 


OVER     4000     IIN     ACTUAL     USE. 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


For  any  information,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 

(Successor   to   Adams  &  Carter,) 


FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.  I 
Dec.  12.  1891.     f 


Price  of  4-ioot  wide  nam  Jb'rue  Vanjier SB500,  f.  o.  b. 

"  "  "       Improved  Belt  Frue  Vauner 600,  f.  o.  b. 

"      6-foot     "       Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner 600,  f.  o.  b. 


GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY, 

C.  J.  Ciark,  M.  E.,  Gen'l,  Supt. 
MESSRS.  ADAMS  &  CARTER,  San  FranctBeo.  Cal.— Dear  Sins:    During-  my  experience  in 
mining  and  milling',  I  have  used  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  on  different 
kinds  of  ore,  both  gold  and  silver.    I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  with  other 
widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Fuue  in  first  place.    When  I 
built  this  mill  (20  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  Bix-foot  Frues  in  order  to  save  space  and 
machinery.    I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 
TwelveMonths.    They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 
tons  per  day,  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.    Thev  require  no  more  attention 
than  a  four- foot  table  and  handle  at  leaBt  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.    I  have  run  them  up  to 
80  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.    They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as 
mvTin      Ann      finwnmmmimnTi     the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  bearings  and 
rtiUEi     UllCi      LUflLcilH  I  KA  1  UK     wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil,  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 
'  "        "  '  My  repair  account  for  the  past  six  months  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.    In  order  to 

give  an  idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing  here,  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 
from  $5  to  $20  per  ton  and  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  60  cts.  per  ton.  I  will  conclude  by 
saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  Bix-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  is  the  only  table 
that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.  '  C.  J.  CLARK.  Gen'l  Supt. 


AGENT  FOR  THE 


132  MARKET  ST. 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Addressi    "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 

<^^as^riANUFACTURERS    0F^=8Z^> 

Johnston's  Concentrator,       BryunJ^dlls, 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  Air  Compressors, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 


THE  WOODBURY  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  WITH  IMPROVED  BELTS  So^™ an  &6uf^T&r^A»^ 

Hie  space  of  any  other  concentrator.    Built  of  best  Steel  and  Wrought  Iron.    Strong  and  durable.  Price  $575  f.  o.  b.  Send  for  Catalogue  ami  Testimonials.  __.-•*—-, *__ 

The  annexed  out  sliuws  Hie  belt  in  Ha  improved  form,  which  consists  of  oorrngati-'d  edges,  to  form  an  expanding  top  edge.  THE  IMPROVED  MACHINE 
11  AS  THE  FOLLOWING  MERITS:  First— The  Improved  belts,  which  consist  of  seven,  are  constructed  and  arranged  so  as  to  allow  each  belt  to  receive  a 
portion  of  the  pulp  in  such  a  manner  as  to  relieve  the  machine  of  Its  load,  thereby  giving  it  twice  the  capacity  of  other  concentrators,  and  enabling"  it  to 

work  from  12  to  IS  tons  of  ore  per  day.    Second— The  machine  equalizes  the  load   by  several  com- 
TljjJ            partments,  thereby  working  more  regularly  and  with  much  less  attention  than  is  necessary  tu  give 
|i(|M          other- concentrators  using  wide  belts.   Each  of  the  belts  on  thin  machine  takes  care  of  i lie  pulp  that 
is  allowed  to  tt— in  this  way  preventing  the  pulp  fi 


181)0  and    1891. 

less  than  one-half 


Geo.  E.  Woodbury, 

Manufacturer, 
141  to  143       ^=^ 

First  St., 
San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal, 


when  a  machine  becomes  out  of  level  \s 

wide  belly  arc  uned.     Third— The  bells  run 

perfect  line,  needing  no  adjustment  to  prevent 

their  running  from  side  to  side,  as  in  other  con- 
centrators. Fourth—The  belt  surfaces  are  Im- 
proved by  indentations  and  corrugations. 
causing  the  Concentrator  to  save  fine  snl- 
phurets  and  quicksilver,  and  perform  close 
work.  Fifth— The  belts  have  tluted  or  corru- 
gated edges,  to  form  an  expanded  top  edge, 
which  effectually  prevents  from  cracking. 
Sixth  —  The  feed  arrangement  Is  perfect. 
Seventh— The  machine  is  constructed  of  Iron. 
with  steel  crank-shaft  self-olllng  boxes,  and 
everything  made  In  the  most  thorough  manner, 
enabling  It  to  run  with  very  little  attention  or 
wear. 

This  Concentrator  took -the  1st  prize  at 
the  San  Francisco  Mechanics'  Institute  in 
18»0,  1891  and  189'J,  and  at  the  Califor- 
nia State  Fair  in  1892;  it  took  the  1st 
prize  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition.  1893,  and  at  the  San  Francisco  Mldw 


PATENTED, 

Aug.  19.  1890. 

Inter  Fair,  1894 


T!l!McGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 

patented  September  w,  ism.       CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      frank  barrere,  secretary  and  Manager. 


Can  be  seen  in  operation  at  the  Company's  works,  132 
Main  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Office,  116  Davis  Street. 


NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  C  ^ 

SMVED \^-' 

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCEr^TE. 

A  MARVEL  of  Simplicity.  Durability  inn'  ^  ulveness. 
combining  both   Side    mul    End    Motion    -\     ©    -   Bunipl 

Melt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  belt  a-nd  amount  of  PER- 
CUSSION easily  and  quickly  regulated,  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  tons.  Only  one-tenth  horse  power 
required.    Adapted  for  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PRICE «350  EACH 

Including  prepared  canvas  belt  4  ft.  (1  ins.  wide. 


Falls  Mine,  Igo,  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  Mav  25th,  18H3. 

The  McGi.ew  CONCENTRATOB  Company:— I  take  much 
pleasure  in  endorsing  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. When  I  was  requested  to  examine  your  concen- 
trator, I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring  that  I  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Erne,  as  after  many  years'  experience 
with  different  concentrators,  I  believed  them  to  be  the 
best. 

Now,  after  a  thorough  trial  of  the  McGlew  Ore  Concen- 
trator, on  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I  emphatically 
pronounce  It  the  best  concentrator  of  any  I  have  ever 
used  In  handling  my  ores.  It  is  doing  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  every  hour,  dried, 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  *  *  *  from  Wewi  ledge,  a 
saving  by  your  concentrator  of  944  per  cent:  from  East 
ledge.  *  *  *  a  saving  of  92  per  cent  Tina  concentrator 
runs  very  easy  and  requires  but  slight  attention.  One 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

You  have  a  good  concentrator,  and  It  can  be  relied  upon 
to  handle  any  ore  that  will  concentrate.  I  most  heartily 
ecommend  It  to  the  mining  public.  Yours  respectfully, 
E.  L.  BALLOU,  Propr.  Ballou  Reduction  Works. 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■m  /\T   REDUCED   PRICES,*!- 

nur  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
splated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OP  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

^maotSZEESP'  Incorporated.  -^aKaSBanw— -' 

»-  send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  **■ 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hosklns'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL     «>  Y  REVIEW. 


VOLIMI      1   \\. 
Number  lO. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  9,  1895. 


THREE  DOLLABS   PEB   AWIM. 
single  Coplofl,  Ti-ii  Cent  i. 


Traction     Engine    and    Train     for    5team 
Freighting. 


At  no  work  does  a  high-power  traction  engine 
show  to  better  advantage  than  in  steam  freighting, 
which  is  now  so  extensively  and  profitably  used  in 
this  State. 

With  suitable  wagons,  a  reasonably  good  road,  and 
with  water  and  fuel  stations  properly  located,  the 
cosl  <>f  moving  grain,  logs,  lumber,  coal,  ore,  etc.,  by 
the  use  of  these  wagons  is  not  more  than  one-third  as 
much  as  by  the  use  of  animal  power. 

The  engine,  as  shown  herewith,  is  of  fifty-horse 
power,  built  by  Daniel  Best,  of  San  Leandro,  especi- 
ally for  steam  freighting  over  any  ordinarily  good 
road.  It  can  ascend  and  descend  grades,  as  is  prac- 
tically done 
with  horse 
or  mule 
teams  when 
i  n  hauling 
freight. 

These  en- 
gines are 
capable 
of  hauling 
twenty -five 
to  forty 
tons,  ex- 
clusive of 
weight  of 
train,  over 
grades  of  as 
much  as  500 
feet  to  the 
mile,  and, 
in  a  pinch, 
much  steep- 
er grades; 
and  on  com- 
paratively 
level  roads 
the  load 
may  be  in- 
creased fif- 
teen tons  or 
more. 

This  train  is  now  in  use  in  hauling  salt  a  distance 
of  thirty  miles  over  the  desert  in  San  Bernardino 
county  in  this  State,  fron  the  mines  of  the  "Crystal 
Salt  Go."  to  Danby,  a  point  on  the  Atlantic  and  Pa- 
cific railroad,  to  be  shipped  to  different  points.  This 
route  is  somewhat  sandy;  the  train,  however,  makes 
the  round  trip  (sixty  miles)  in  one  day  and  a  half,  in- 
cluding loading  and  unloading.  The  cargo  averages 
about  forty  tons  at  each  load. 

That  is  a  very  trying  place  to  operate  a  train,  ow- 
ing to  the  loose  sand  to  be  contended  with  and  the 
scarcity  of  water  for  the  engine — the  water  being 
hauled  in  sufficient  quantity  from  one  end  of  the  road 
by  the  engine  to  supply  it  for  the  round  trip. 

However,  the  train  is  a  success  there  and  makes  it 
possible  to  market  one  of  the  great  resources  of  this 
State  that  otherwise  would  lie  dormant  for  want  of 
way  of  getting  it  to  a  shipping  point  on  the  railroad. 

These  engines  are  also  extensively  used  in  this 
State  for  hauling  logs  to  the  mills  and  lumber  to  the 
market,  some  large  firms  owning  as  many  as  three 
and  four  each,  and  at  a  profit  considerably  over  ani- 
mals which  were  formerly  used  by  them,  the 
engines  doing  the   work  much  more   satisfactorily. 


As  in  the  case  of  cable  and  electric  roads  and 
bicycles,  it  would  seem  that  the  raising  of  horses  as 
beasts  of  burden  is  to  dwindle  as  fast  as  the  whale 
fisheries.  Such  machines  as  those  herewith  depicted 
will  revolutionize  land  carriage.  One  Mendocino 
firm  write  that  they  have  but  two  horses  where  two 
years  ago  they  had  150.  The  lumber  men  "  run  up 
grades  of  80(1  feet  to  the  mile  in  going  after  logs. 
When  they  get  to  the  point  where  they  can  go  no 
farther  without  inconvenience,  a  horseman  carries  a 
light  cable  through  the  woods  for  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
if  necessary  and  attaches  it  to  a  tree;  then  the  engine 
on  the  wagon  is  set  to  work.  It  having  a  heavy  cable 
and  reel,  it  draws  in  the  small  cable,  and  in  doing  so 
the  heavy  one  is  paid  out,  and  by  the  horseman 
attached  to  a  log.     Then  the  engine   is  set   to  work 


TRACTTON     ENCITNE     AND     WACIONS     KOlt     HAULINI  i      FREIGOT 


again  and  winds  up  the  cable  on  the  reel,  and  in  doing 
so  brings  the  log  along  with  it.  Then  the  engine  is 
set  to  work  again  and  loads  the  logs  on  the  trucks, 
and  so  they  build  up  fift3'-ton  loads  and  deliver  them 
at  the  mill.  They  cut  down,  no  brush  because  they 
run  over  it.  If  a  stump  is  in  the  way  they  simply 
take  hold  and  pull  it  up  and  drag  it  out  of  the  road." 
In  the  great  wheat  fields  of  the  State  the  traction 
engine  finds  as  useful  a  place.  By  their  use  grain  is 
cut  and  thrashed,  and  sixty  acres  can  be  plowed  in 
twenty-four  hours.  They  will  pump  water,  clear 
land,  make  roads,  and  will  come  in  of  use  around  a 
mine.  "Say  a  railroad  passes  within  thirty  miles 
of  a  great  mine.  The  traction  wagon  can  go  to  the 
mine,  making  its  own  road,  and  can  haul  in  at  one 
time  sixty  tons  of  ore,  and  all  the  expense  is  the 
little  coal  it  burns  and  the  labor  of  two  men.  It 
would  bring  sixty  tons  of  ore  thirty  miles  in  seven 
hours.  It  could  go  to  the  mine,  load  the  ore  and 
bring  it  back  between  sun  and  sun,  and,  if  necessary, 
could  return  and  do  the  same  thing  over  in  the  night, 
because  it  is  not  like  an  animal;  it  does  not  get 
tired;  it  is  not  particular  about  its  food;  all  it  wants 
is  a  little  carbon  in  the  shape  of  soft  coal.".  West 


Australian  gold  miners  who  depend  on  camels 
for  freight  are  taking  up  this  matter.  D.  W. 
Balch,  now  near  Coolgardie,  says  these  camels  cost 
1250  at  Premantle,  They  cany  about  TllO  pounds 
each,  and  can  travel  three  miles  an  hour  for  eight 
hours.  They  require  food  and  fifty  pounds  of  water 
daily.  On  the  route  is  employed  142  camels.  The 
owners  of  the  freight  contract  propose  supplanting 
the  camels  by  something  similar  to  that  herein 
illustrated. 

Considerable  of  our  correspondence  relates  to 
"  mining  experts."  Some  of  it  is  published,  illustra- 
ting the  general  trend  of  opinion.  The  writer  re- 
members twenty  years  ago  fixing  up,  with  the  help 
of  an  assayer,  a  "specimen"  and  submitting  it  to 

Prof.  Frank 
Stewart, 
who  grave- 
ly descant- 
ed on  the 
componen  t 
parts  there- 
of, and  join- 
e d  in  the 
laugh  on 
himself 
when  its 
composition 
was  told 
him.  He  was 
a  "  mining 
expert, " 
but  not  in- 
fallible. In- 
laliibility  is 
an  attribute 
ordi  n  aril  y 
denied  poor 
humanity  in 
any  walk  of 
life.  Butbe- 
cause  min- 
ing experts 
sometim  es 
make  mis- 
takes; be- 
cause a  good  man}'  "mining  experts"  don't 
know  anything  more  about  mining  than  mining 
knows  about  them,  it  does  not  follow  that  the 
expert  is  to  be  condemned  or  derided.  An  experi- 
enced miner  gifted  with  intelligent  observation,  with 
actual  knowledge  and  careful  speech,  possessing  an 
earned  reputation  for  honesty,  "  unawed  by  influence 
and  unbribed  by  gain,"  is  not  wholly  an  imaginary 
creation.  Few  mining  transactions  of  any  magni- 
tude can  be  negotiated  without  the  employment  of 
what  is  deemed  a  reliable  man,  and  the  fact  that 
the  term  "  mining  expert"  is  prostituted  by  numer- 
ous frauds  should  not  justly  detract  from  any  indi- 
vidual who  possesses  the  qualifications  justifying  him 
in  claim  to  the  title,  though,  in  general,  the  real 
"  mining  expert  "  is  in  no  haste  to  loudly  proclaim 
his  right  to  be  so  called. 

The  newest  thing  in  chemical  attainment  is  acety- 
lene— the  commercial  synthesis  of  hydrogen  and  car- 
bon. It  is  a  veritable  triumph,  and  was  achieved  by 
means  of  the  electric  furnace.  The  carbide  of  calcium 
is  an  illuminant  of  the  first  class,  and  as  a  foundry 
factor  it  is  of  almost- equal  importance. 


14' 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  9    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Office,  No.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Francisco. 
i&~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


Annual  Subscription S3  00 

Chicago  Office CHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postofflce  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


The  Newly-Found  Constituent  of  Air. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 


J.  F.  HALLORAN General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  March  9,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  —Traction  Engine  and  Wagons  for  Hauling 
Freight,  145.  Scene  on  Pall  River:  A  Glimpse  of  the  Tuolumne 
Rfver,  148.    The  Lightner  Mill,  149. 

EDITORIALS.— Traction  Engine  and  Train  for  Steam  Freighting: 
Miscellaneous,  145.  The  Newly-Found  Constituent  of  Air:  Gold 
From  Black  Sands;  Railroad  Claims  to  Mineral  Lands;  Dividend- 
Paving  Mines:  Miscellaneous.  146. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS— The  Origin  of  Kerosene  Oil;  Produc- 
tioaof  Ozone;  Paper  as  an  Insulator;  Miscel  laeous,  152. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— A  New  Electric  Locomotive:  How  to 
Make  an  Engineer;  Miscellaneous,  153. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— Electrical  Portable  Fire  Engine; 
Electrical  Transmission  of  Water  Power;  Miscellaneous,  158. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  154-55. 

THE  MARKETS— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  158. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates,  147.  California  Scenery;  En- 
gineers Are  Officers;  Prices  for  Armor  Plate,  148.  Australian 
Gold;  Building  Guns  More  Cheaply;  The  Lightner  Mill;  In  a  Ton 
of  Coal;  The  Curse  of  Official  Endors  ement:  A  Candid  Concession: 
Wood  in  Warships;  Ship  Building  Wages,  149.  En  Passant; 
A  Sweeping  Decision:  Colorado  Mining  Stocks;  Obituary,  Recent 
Additions  to  the  Collection  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau.  15U.  The 
Mineral  Hydrocarbons,  151.  What  a  Man's  Life  is  Worth;  A  New 
Launch,  157.    Recent  Patents,  158.    Coast  Industrial  Notes,  159. 


It  is  the  province  of  every  well-wisher  of  California 
mining  interests  to  expose  and  oppose  every  fraudu- 
lent mining  scheme  wherever  it  shows  up.  One 
fraud  hurts  the  county  or  district  more  than  positive 
evidence  of  ten  good  claims  can  help  it.  Of  course, 
the  man  or  the  paper  doing  this  must  expect  to  be 
abused  and  lied  about,  but  eventually  the  truth  will 
win. 

Without  any  desire  to  deter  determined  men  from 
going  toward  the  Arctic  circle  in  search  of  gold,  it  is 
in  order  to  suggest  to  those  who  are  contemplating 
departure  to  Alaska  that  the  present  cheap  fares  to 
Juneau  should  not  too  strongly  influence  them.  It  is 
pleasant  as  far  as  Juneau.  Then  the  real  journey 
and  the  real  expense  begins. 


The  form  of  industry  whose  latest  development  is 
illustrated  by  Scheunert  et.  al.  cannot  be  eom- 
meuded.  These  enterprising  men  bonded  a  mine  at 
Brown's  Valley,  incorporated,  disposed  of  stock,  and 
when  the  "  innocent  purchasers  "  of  the  stock,  who 
claim  to  have  believed  that  the  issuers  and  sellers  of 
the  stock  owned  the  miue,  found  such  was  not  the 
case,  trouble  naturally  resulted. 


Twiggs'  steam  boiler  inspection  bill,  which  among 
other  things  provides  for  a  corps  of  inspectors  of 
the  manufacture  of  stationary  steam  boilers  in  this 
State,  may  be  good  in  its  original  intent,  but  it  is 
believed,  were  it  to  become  a  law,  that  its  practical 
working  would  be  to  put  every  manufacturer  of 
such  machinery  at  the  mercy  of  men  who  could  use 
their  official  position  to  extort  money.  The  fact 
that  steam  engineers  are  expressly  precluded  from 
eligibility  for  members  of  the.  corps  of  inspectors 
makes  the  proposed  law  still  more  objectionable.  It 
is  a  good  bill  to  smother. 


Both  houses  of  the  Legislature  have  passed  the 
appropriation  for  the  State  Mining  Bureau  of  $50,000 
for  the  coming  two  years'  expenses — sixty  per  cent 
of  it  being  stipulated  shall  be  devoted  to  field  work. 
The  bill  only  requires  the  signature  of  the  Governor 
to  be  effective.  He  will  in  all  probability  sign  it  as 
a  proper  and  deserved  recognition  of  the  miners  and 
mining  interests  of  California,  in  which  direction  the 
Bureau  is  doing  much  good  and  directing  the  atten- 
tion of  capitalists  outside  of  the  State  to  its  mines. 
The  Bureau  will  proceed  with  the  publication  of  the 
several  bulletins  that  have  been  held  in  abeyance 
pending  the  action  of  the  Legislature.  These 
bulletins  will  treat  of  the  following  subjects  :  Miue 
Drainage,  Mine  Ventilation,  Mine  Pumps,  Method  of 
Quarrying  and  Preparing  Slate  for  Market,  Elec- 
tric Power  for  Hoists,  Mill  Drills,  etc.  The  demand 
for  the  bulletins  on  Mine  Timbering,  Cyanide  Process, 
etc.,  has  been  unprecedented  and  they  have  been  of 
great  value  to  the  miners  of  the  State. 


"Argon,"  the  newly-discovered  constituent  of  the 
air,  is  the  latest  sensation  in  the  scientific  world. 
Two  years  ago  Lord  Rayleigh  found  that  nitrogen 
obtained  from  the  air  is  slightly  heavier  than  that 
obtained  from  chemical  substances.  This  fact  led 
him  to  undertake  experiments,  in  connection  with 
Prof.  Ramsey,  on  the  nature  of  atmospheric  nitro- 
gen. In  the  course  of  their  work  they  found  that 
when  the  atmospheric  nitrogen  is  passed  over  highly 
heated  magnesium  the  nitrogen  is  absorbed,  and 
still  something  is  left.  This  residue  will  not  com- 
bine with  the  magnesium,  nor  have  they  been  able  to 
make  it  combine  with  anything  else. 

They  have  devised  several  methods  for  the  prepa- 
ration of  the  substance,  they  have  studied  it  with 
great  care,  and  have  established  beyond  any  ques- 
tion, as  it  appears,  that  it  is  a  substance  which  has 
not  hitherto  beeu  known  to  exist..  It  is  present  in 
the  air  to  the  extent  of  somewhat  less  than  one  per 
cent.  The  substance  is  extremely  inactive,  and  it  is 
due  to  this  fact  that  it  was  not  discovered  earlier. 
It  has  always  beeu  mixed  with  the  nitrogen  obtained 
from  the  atmosphere,  and,  being  in  some  respects 
similar  to  nitrogen,  it  has  escaped  detection. 
i  The  name  given  to  it,  "argon,"  is  formed  from 
two  Greek  words  signifying  "  no  work,"  and  refer- 
ring, of  course,  to  its  inactivity. 

The  substance  has  been  studied,  not  only  by  the 
discoverers,  but  also  03'  Mr.  Crookes,  who  is  an 
authority  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  spectro- 
scope. The  latter's  conclusion  is  that  argon  is  dif- 
ferent from  all  other  substauces  that  have  hitherto 
been  studied,  and  he  is  somewhat  inclined  to  believe 
that  it  is  a  mixture  of  two  things,  both  of  which  are 
elements.  Prof.  Olszewski,  of  the  University  of 
Cracow,  Russia,  an  authority  on  the  liquefaction  of 
gases,  has  determined  the  point  at  which  argon 
liquefies,  and  has  shown  that  it  solidifies  at  an  ex- 
tremely low  temperature,  forming  a  mass  that  looks 
like  ice.  He  thinks  the  substance  an  element  and 
not  a  mixture. 

Taking  the  sum  total  of  evidence  into  considera- 
tion, it  may  be  said  that  the  balance  seems  to  point 
to  the  conclusion  that  argon  is  an  element. 


from  $1.50  to  $2.50  per  month  to  supply.  If  these 
gentlemen  can  anywhere  near  approximate  their  as- 
sertions in  actual  practice,  they  are  to  be  congratu- 
lated. It  is  possible  they  have  succeeded  where  so 
many  have  failed,  and  for  every  reason  it  is  to  be 
hoped  that  such  is  the  case. 


Dividend=Paying  /"lines. 


Gold  from   Black  Sands. 


The  usual  number  of  new  processes  to  successfully 
extract  gold  from  black  sand  is  reported.  Recent 
research  shows  nearly  a  hundred  different  machines 
reported  in  these  columns,  many  of  them  of  theoreti- 
cal merit,  but  scarcely  one  of  sufficient  practical 
value  to  continue  in  permanent  and  .satisfactory  use. 
The  problem  seems  so  far  an  unsolved  one.  The  most 
recent  efforts,  each  one  being  claimed  to  be  success- 
ful, are  reported  from  Oregon  and  Utah.  The  latter 
is  purely  a  quicksilver  process,  the  sand  being  forced 
twice  through  the  mercury,  with  the  alleged  result 
of  saving  sufficient  of  the  fine  gold  to  make  the  opera- 
tion profitable.  Of  this  it  may  be  said  that  if  the 
pi-ojector  secures  success  by  the  use  of  quicksilver, 
he  has  achieved  results  hitherto  denied  the  most 
persistent  operators  in  this  line  of  practical  metal- 
lurgy. 

The  second  claim  to  the  attention  of  the  mining 
world  comes  from  the  north.  Under  date  of  Febru- 
ary 20th,  '95,  the  men  owning  and  operating  the  sys- 
tem write  to  the  Press: 

"We  have  a  chemical  process  of  saving  fine  gold, 
and  have  thoroughly  tested  it  in  mining  on  this  beach 
and  on  the  bars  of  the  Colunibia  river,  and  are  ready 
to  guarantee  that  we  can  save  ninety-eight  per  cent 
of  the  free  gold  contained  in  any  kind  of  sand  or 
gravel,  and  wash  with  either  fresh  or  salt  water. 
We  use  no  quicksilver  and  can  demonstrate  that  we 
can  save  more  gold  by  our  system  from  the  same 
gravel  pit  than  any  other  process  now  in  use,  with 
the  same  labor  and  water.  We  are  not  the  owners 
of  any  mines  that  are  rich  in  auriferous  gravel  or 
sand,  but  have  ground  leased  here.  We  save  gold 
that  would  float  away  011  the  water  by  any  other 
method,  and  no  matter  how  rusty  or  greasy  or  fine 
the  gold  is  we  save  it." 

The  claim  that  98  per  cent  of  the  gold  can  be  saved 
is  a  common  one,  and,  in  this  case,  is  probably  as 
much  an  exaggeration  as  heretofore.  They  say  they 
use  boxes  charged  with   certain   chemicals,  costing 


The  item  "Dividend-Paying  Mines  "  always  makes 
interesting  reading  to  Eastern  people;   yet,  if   they 
imagine  that  the  published  lists   represent   all   the 
dividend-paying  mines  of  the   country,    the   informa- 
tion is  misleading.   The  tabulated  lists  give  only  part 
of  the  incorporated  company  dividends,  several  of 
whom  advertise  the  fact  of  having  declared  a  divi- 
dend.    But  they  do  represent  only  a  moiety  of  the 
mines  that  pay  a  dividend,  or  a  profit,  for  a  profit- 
paying  mine  is  a  dividend-paying  mine,  though  some 
mines   that  declare   dividends   are    not    thoroughly 
profitable  all  around.     It  is  impossible  for  this  paper 
or    any    other    paper    to    publish    a     correct    lis!. 
or   even   an  approximately  correct  list,    of    "divi- 
dend-paying mines,"  because,  just   as   in    auy  other 
branch  of  trade,  the  owners  do  not  consider  it  is  any- 
body's business  but  their  own  how  much  or  how  little 
their  mine  nets  them.     In  this  they  are  right,  for  no 
man  cares  to  proclaim  the  profits   of  his   business 
purely  as  a  matter  of  current  information,  whether 
he  run  a  mine  or  a  store,  a  boat  or  a  foundry,  a  saw- 
mill or  a  factory.     Mining  people  are  no  more  reti- 
cent regarding  their  financial  affairs  than  any  other 
class.     In  general,  any  mine  that  represents  an  an- 
nual net  sum  after  paying  expenses   is  a  dividend- 
paying  mine,   the  same  as  any  other  business.     In 
this  way  there  are  several  thousand  dividend-paying 
mines.     "  Up  a  hollow,"  or  "over  in  the  gulch,"  or 
"on  the  other  side  of  the  divide,"  may   be   found 
mines— quartz,    drift   and   hydraulic — whose   annual 
net  oulput  makes  up  the  life  of  the  vicinity.     Their 
owners  have  no  brass  band;   the  aggregate  yield  is 
rarely  seen  in  print,  but  the  result  is  noticeable  in 
the  securing  of  the  comforts  of  life,   the  acquisition 
of   property,    and  the    further   development   of   the 
mine.     These  unnoticed  mines  are  the  real  support  of 
the  country  and   of  at    least  equal    value    with    the 
much-advertised  dividend-paying  properties.   Besides 
these  are  the  mines  that  are  yielding   princely    for- 
tunes, the  amounts  of  which  arc  known  to  no  one  but 
the  owners.     The  best-paying  gold  mine  in  this  State 
to-day  gives  out  no  figures,  but  is  generally  credited 
with  a  daily  net  return  of  $7500. 


Railroad   Claims  to  flineral   Lands. 


The  famous  "  Clear  List  No.  51 "  has  been  exploit- 
ed, and  it  has  been  shown  that  133,590,  acres  in  Sac- 
ramento and  Susanville  land  districts  are  not  to  be 
allowed  to  pass  without  protest  from  miners  owning 
unpatented  claims  therein. 

There  is  another  similar  attempt  at  secrecy  that 
needs  ventilation.  In  a  little  paper  in  Scott  valley 
appears  the  following  innocent  little  notice: 

TO  WHOM  IT  MAY  CONCERN :  Notice  is  hereby  given  that  the 
Central  Pacific,  (successor  to  the  California  A  Oregon)  R.  R.  Co.,  has 
filed  in  tliis  office  a  list  of  lands,  situated  in  the  townships  describ- 
ed below,  and  has  applied  for  a  patent  for  said  lands;  that  the  list 
is  opeu  to  the  public  for  inspection,  and  a  copy  thereof,  by  descrip- 
tive subdivisions,  has  been  posted  in  a  convenient  place  in  this 
office  for  the  inspection  of  alt  persons  interested,  and  the  public  gen- 
erally, viz :  Townships  38.  39  and  40  north,  range  8  wesl :  townships 
37,  39.  39  4U.  45  and  46  north,  range  9  west :  and  townships  Nos.  37.  43. 
44.  45,  46  and  47  north,  range  lu  west.  Mount  Diablo  Meridian. 
Within  the  next  sixty  days  following  the  date  of  this  notice,  pro- 
tests, or  ceutesls  against  the  claim  of  the  tailroad  company  to  auy 
tract  or  subdivision  described  on  the  list,  on  the  ground  that  the 
same  is  more  valuable  for  mineral  than  agricultural  purposes,  win 
be  received  and  noted  for  report  to  the  General  Land  Office  at 
Washington,  D.  C.  SYLVESTER  HULL.  Register.  LAFAYETTE 
S.  BARNES,  Receiver. 

That  unpretending  little  paragraph  covers,  tech- 
nically, all  that  the  railroad  company  is  obliged  to 
do  to  absorb  unpatented  mineral  land  in  fifteen 
townships  in  Trinity,  Shasta  and  Siskiyou  counties. 
Sixteen  other  townships  come  in  the  same  cate- 
gory. 

Evei-y  miner  who  has  an  unpatented  claim  in  the 
territory  referred  to  is  interested  in  this  matter. 
The  time  for  filing  a  protest  expires  three  weeks 
from  to-day.  Unless  a  miner  visits  the  Redding 
Land  Office  and  sees  if  the  mining  claim  that  he 
holds  is  within  the  limits  set  forth  above,  and  if  so 
makes  protest  against  the  issuance  of  title,  he  is 
liable  to  lose  any  right  that  he  possesses  and  be  com- 
pelled to  make  subsequent,  purchase  from  the  railroad 
company. 


March  0,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


147 


Concentrates. 


work  automatically.    The  ore  win  beoooveyed  from  l  he  mine   tion.    The  time  for  recording  is  extended  to  ninety  .lay.  after 


The  Alice  mine  in  Riverside  Co.  started  up  last  Monday  on 
$Ui  ore. 

An  electric  plant  is  to  be  put  in  at  the  Eastlick  mine,  Sis- 
kiyou Co. 

•k  placer  property  near GibbonsviUe,  Idaho, 
has  been  sold  to  St.  Paul  men  for  *30,00u. 

'I'm:  Supreme  Court  of  Arizona  has  Hied  an  opinion  to  the 
effect  that  ore  on  the  dump  is  subject  to  taxation. 

Tin: '  Irani  ft  Omaha  Reduction  Works  are  reported  contem- 
plating the  erection  of  a  reduction  plant  at  tluaymas. 

C.  L,  Yovsa  claims  to  have  discovered  a  40-foot  ledge  of 
cinnabar  two  miles  from  the  Cleveland  mine,  near  Davenport, 
Wash. 

The  output  from  the  leachiug  process  at  the  Hi-Metallic 
mill  at  Granite,  Montana,  for  January  was  78,000  ounces  of 
stiver. 

It  is  report. -ii  from  Georgetown,  El  Dorado  Co.,  that  a  roller 
mill  is  about  to  be  added  to  the  Taylor  mine  plant;  capacity, 
forty  stamps. 

Pekris  is  pleased  over  the  discovery  of  a  gold  mine  in  the 
Cavilun  district,  thought  to  be  a  continuation  of  the  paying 
lead  in  that  section. 

II.  A.  HOWARD,  now  interested  iu  the  Cedros  Island  mines, 
has  bonded  several  properties  twenty  miles  east  of  Albu- 
querque for  1200,000. 

The  completion  of  the  railroad  from  Ash  Fork,  on  the  A.  & 
P.  road,  to  Phcenix,  Arizona,  via  Prescott,  will  give  Phoenix 
"a  boom"  this  summer. 

Tbk  Marysville  appeal  asserts  that  the  Anti-Debris  Com- 
mission will  shortly  enjoin  the  North  Bloomfield  Mining  Com- 
pany from  pursuing  its  mining  operations. 

i  be  he  are  seventy  hydraulic  mines  in  operation  in  Jose- 

phii ounty,  Oregon,  now,  and  the  number  will   be  greatly 

Increased  before  opening  up  for  another  season. 

The  property  of  the  Lureka  Mining  Co.,  of  Grass  Valley,  was 
recently  sold  at  sheriff 's  sale  in  Nevada  City  to  J.  V.  Hunter, 
formerly  of  the  Providence  Mining  Co.,  for  $13,739.97. 

r.  A.  Hf.isze  has  bought  a  half  interest  in  the  Rarus  mine 
i..i  150,000.  It  is  considered  one  of  the  best  silver-copper 
pnp.-it  ks  in  Unite.     It  is  developed  to  the  GOO-foot  level. 

The  Calmatli  Mining  and  Milling  Company,  operating  the 
Ibara  gold  mines  in  Lower  California,  have  put  on  the  gasoline 
schooner  Anita  between  San  Francisco  and  San  Domingo. 

The  company  that  recently  purchased  the  McHugh  mine  on 
Deer  creek  below  the  Home  mine,  Nevada  Co.,  have  a  crew  of 
men  at  work  excavating  a  place  upon  which  to  erect  a  first- 
class  mill. 

The  California  mineral  land  classification  bill  was  one  of 
the  bills  Congress  did  not  pass  before  adjournment  last 
Monday.  The  Montana  bill  passed  and  was  signed  by  the 
President. 

None  of  the  bills  introduced  in  the  Oregon  Legislature, 
affecting  the  mining  industry  of  that  State,  passed.  This  is 
as  it  should  be,  as  most  of  the  measures  proposed  would  have 
demoralized  the  industry. 

The  steamship  Willapa  left  Port  Townsend  on  her  first  sea- 
son trip  last  Monday  for  Alaska  with  eighty  passengers. 
Every  steamer  going  north  is  filled  with  miners  and  adven- 
turers for  the  Yukon  gold  fields. 

Two  men  with  the  machine  so  long  on  exhibition  at  the 
Board  of  Trade  rooms  in  this  city  are  working  the  beach  sands 
about  six  miles  below  the  Cliff  House,  and,  it  is  reported, 
are  making  from  $5  to  £15  per  day. 

Fire  in  the  No.  13  mine  at  Black  Diamond,  Wash.,  about 
1300  feet  from  the  surface,  last  Monday,  gained  such  headway 
as  to  drive  the  men  out.  The  head  of  the  stope  has  been 
sealed,  and  steam  is  being  forced  into  the  mine  to  smother  the 
fire. 

Boston*  parties  are  negotiating  for  the  sale  of  the  Florence 
ft  Cripple  Creek  railway.  The  price  to  be  paid  is  said  to  be 
$2,000,000.  The  line  was  built  by  Denver  capital  and  cost  over 
$1,000,000,  and  is  paid  for,  the  owners  claiming  not  to  owe  a 
dollar. 

Col.  I.  N.  Muncy,  he  of  Pasco,  and  later  of  Osburn  and  Co- 
lumbia river  fame,  has  again  appeared  on  earth— this  time  on 
the  Coquille  river,  near  the  dividing  line  between  Oregon  and 
California.  He  is  working  a  sand  bar  near  the  mouth  of  the 
above  river. 

The  silver  mines  south  of  Nogales,  in  Sonora,  are  reported 
running  in  full  blast,  and  hundreds  of  tons  of  ore  pass  through 
there  every  month,  consigned  to  Colorado  smelters  for  treat- 
ment. Most  of  the  ore  is  rich  in  silver  and  carries  a  heavy 
per  cent  of  lead. 

The  coinage  executed  at  the  mints  of  the  United  States 
during  the  mouth  of  February  was  as  follows :  Gold,  $6,143,- 
800;  silver,  §391,000;  minor  coin,  §57,300;  total,  $6,692,100.  Of 
the  silver  coined.  $200  was  in  standard  silver  dollars,  the  same 
as  during  January. 

From  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  the  report  for  the  week 
ending  February  14th  says  :  $570  tons  of  ore  were  treated, 
yielding  830  tons  of  lead,  containing  218,980  ozs.  of  silver;  also 
1306  tons  treated  by  amalgamating  and  leaching  plants,  pro- 
ducing 15,838 ozs.  of  silver. 

The  American  Developing  and  Mining  Company  will  build 
a  thirty-stamp  gold  mill  on  its  property  at  GibbonsviUe,  Idaho. 
The  mill  is  to  be  double  discharge  mortars  for  rapid  crushing, 
the  amalgamation  being  a  secondary  consideration.  The  ore 
is  to  be  crushed  to  thirty  mesh. 

Within  a  radius  of  twenty  miles  of  Perris  there  are  five 
mills,  and  forty-five  stamps  at  work  crushing  ore.  These  do 
not  include  two  prospectors'  mills,  rotary  mills  and  arrastras, 
which  cut  quite  a  figure.  Two  years  ago  the  section  was 
scarcely  known  as  a  mineral  district. 

The  Pass  Mining  Company  near  Hailey,  Idaho,  are  about  to 
build  a  new  concentrating  mill  upon  ground  owned  by  the 
Narrow  Gauge  Mining  Company  to  have  a  daily  capacity  of 
fifty  tons  of  ore  that  will  yield  about  seven  and  one-half  tons 
of  concentrates.    It  will  be  operated  by  a  gasoline  engine  and 


i"  the  mill  upon  a  gravity  tramway  that  will  bring  down 

and  haul  up  supplies  and  o 

Tob Tombstone  Prospector  thinks  it  is  of  no  use   to 
English  capitalists  to  go  Into  mining  In  tin*  West,  or   rai 
building  or  manufacturing  anywhere,   when  they  can   h 
their  money  in  American  gold  bonds  and  bj  u  little  manlpula- 
i  ion  get  eight  per  cent  profit  out  ->r  them, 

KvM  lyor  Cinni  w.  <>i  Oakland,  Ea  credited  with  the 
statement  that  on  bid  tract  at  the  headwaters  of  Suisun  bav 
lie  huge  dep  -sits  .»f  gold-hearing  sand  which  he  is  going  to  ex- 
bract  by  electrical  process.  His  theory  is  that  the  Sacra- 
mento has  deposited  gold  there  for  manv  centuries. 

Thk  Anaconda  Company  is  negotiating  for  a    hoisting  engine 

that  will  be  capable  of  raising  the  regulation  weight  from  a 
depth  of  .'iiHki  feet.  It  is  to  he  placed  on  one  of  the  hill  proper- 
ties belonging  to  the  company.  The  contract  tnr  thifl  Colossal 
piece  of  machinery  will  not  be  closed  lor  thirty  days  yet. 

The  permit  for  the  Hustler  mine,  Nevada  eounty,  has  been 
suspended  indefinitely  by  the  California  Debris  Commis- 
sioners, the  broken  dam  not  being  able  to  retain  the  debris. 
Permits  were  granted  to  the  Shealor  mine  and  the  Kat.t-  i  iray 
mine,  near  Volcano,  Amador  county,  and  the  Fine  ( iold  mine, 
near  Vailed ta,  Calaveras  county. 

San  Diego  county  is  putting  up  sign  posts  in  different  parts 
of  the  desert  in  that  county,  which  give  directions  as  to  dis- 
tance and  position  of  springs  and  principal  places.  If  this 
were  done  on  the  Mojave  desert  several  lives  would  be  saved. 
The  miner  who  risks  his  life  in  the  search  of  mines,  which  are 
afterward  a  benefit  to  many,  deserves  such  consideration. 

Captain  Cakroll  recently  purchased  an  interest  in  a  min- 
ing claim  on  Annette  Island,  where  trie  Metlakahlla  Indians 
are  located,  and  will  commence  development  work  upon  the 
same  next  spring,  although  under  strong  protest  from  Rev. 
Duncan,  who  is  afraid  that  contact  with  civilization  will 
corrupt  his  charges. 

The  American  company  which  recently  bought  the  Santo 
Domingo  gold  placers,  in  the  Magdalena  district,  of  Sonora, 
have  already  spent  $100,000  in  road-making,  machinery  pur- 
chases and  other  preliminary  work.  The  ground  to  be  ex- 
ploited comprises  200  claims  of  a  hectare  each.  The  hydraulic 
method  is  to  be  employed. 

William  Woodbuko,  prospector,  returned  from  a  900-mile 
trip  from  San  Bernardino,  ranging  across  the  Mojave  Desert 
to  Death  Valley  and  down  through  the  San  Jacinto  mountains 
and  across  the  Colorado  desert.  He  located  seven  ledges. 
He  says  that  iu  Pinon  valley  a  two-stamp  mill  pounds  out  $4 
an  hour,  some  of  the  quartz  yielding  $1000  per  ton  in  gold. 

The  Senator  Consolidated  Gold  Mining  Company  has  under 
consideration  a  proposition  to  issue  bonds  and  pay  off  the  in- 
debtedness of  the  company,  amounting  to  nearly  510,000. 
Mining  Industry,  of  Denver,  speaks  of  the  mine  as  one  of  the 
prettiest  propositions  in  the  country  with  which  to  fool  a  com- 
pany, as  the  ore  is  rich  on  top  and  lower  grade  as  depth  is  ob- 
tained. 

The  success  of  the  new  reduction  plants  at  and  in  the 
vicinity  of  Cripple  Creek,  for  the  handling  of  low-grade  ores, 
is  giving  a  market  value  to  a  class  of  material  which  hereto- 
fore has  been  unprofitable  and  either  left  in  the  mine  or 
thrown  on  the  dump,  but  which  equals  or  exceeds  in  tonnage 
the  high-grade  or  former  shipping  ores  of  the  mines;  this  ap- 
plies to  all  the  low-grade  ores  of  the  gold  mines  of  Colorado. 

Col.  Casey  killed  the  appropriation  bill  tor  the  Cal.  Debris 
Commission  in  his  report  to  the  River  and  Harbor  Committee, 
wherein  he  said :  "There  was  an  uuexpended  balance  on 
hand  on  January  31,  1895,  for  the  purposes  of  this  Commission, 
amounting  to  $7893,  The  expenses  of  the  Commission  from 
May  3,  1893,  to  January  31,  1S95,  amounted  to  §7107".  I  see  no 
reason  at  present  for  making  a  special  appropriation  for  the 
Commission." 

The  new  British  Columbia  mining  law  not  only  does  not  in- 
clude the  alien  clause,  but  restores  to  the  miner  a  privilege 
that  he  has  long  contended  for,  the  surface  right  and  timber 
privilege  with  each  mining  location.  Heretofore  the  right  to 
the  surface  has  been  denied  to  a  British  Columbia  miner,  even 
under  a  crown  grant.  A  railroad  could  come  along  and  cut  off 
the  trees  and  the  miner  would  be  obliged  to  go  miles,  some- 
times, for  timbers  for  his  improvements. 

The  Revenue  mine  in  Madison  county,  Montana,  one  of  the 
richest  gold  mines  in  the  State,  was  sold  last  week  by  Butte 
parties  to  a  Denver  syndicate  for  $50,000,  and,  directly  after 
the  sale  was  perfected,  it  was  announced  that  the  Denver 
people  had  sold  the  mine  to  an  English  syndicate  for  $250,000. 
The  mine  originally  belonged  to  Boston  parties  and  was  sold 
at  sheriff's  sale  a  year  ago  for  $11,000.  The  mine  has  yielded 
handsome  returns  under  a  lease  the  past  six  months. 

M.  P.  Campbell,  of  the  Guusight  mine,  near  the  line  of 
southern  Arizona,  says  the  camels  of  the.  desert,  introduced 
many  years  ago  by  Ben  Butterworth  and  now  grown  wild,  are 
increasing  rapidly,  now  numbering  three  or  four  hundred. 
The  camels  roam  on  lands  between  the  Gila  and  Colorado 
rivers.  They  are  kept  in  good  condition  by  the  fine  hunch 
grass,  and  are  often  killed  and  palmed  off  for  beef.  They  are 
often  captured  for  circus  purposes,  and  are  easily  trained. 

The  Coeur  d'Alene  Miner  says  that  the  reported  sale  of  the 
Tiger  and  Poorman  mines  to  an  English  syndicate  is  utterly 
without  foundation.  Negotiations  have  been  pending  for 
many  months  between  the  owners  of  the  four  principal  mines 
on  Canyon  creek  and  the  English  syndicate  in  question,  but 
about  two  months  ago,  says  Mr.  Clark,  manager  of  the  Poor- 
man,  they  came  to  an  end  simply  because  the  terms  of  sale 
of  the  properties  could  not  be  agreed  upon  by  all  concerned. 

There  has  been  presented  to  the  Academy  of  Sciences,  in 
this  city,  a  fine  collection  of  Japanese  rock  crystals,  consisting 
of  many  beautiful  specimens  in  various  shapes.  Some  are 
beautifully  carved  in  fantastic  designs.  The  gem  of  the  col- 
lection is  a  large  crystal  sphere,  seven  inches  in  diameter. 
An  idea  of  the  immense  power  of  the  crystal  can  be  formed 
when  it  is  understood  that,  if  the  rays  of  the  sun  were 
focused  through  it  on  gunpowder,  an  explosion  would  occur  in 
the  fiftieth  part  of  a  second. 

The  new  Montana  mining  code  makes  some  changes  in  the 
method  of  making  quartz  and  placer  locations.  A  shaft  or 
tunnel  ten  feet  deep  must  be  dug  before  the  location  notice 
can  be  recorded ;  this  shaft  must  always  reach  to  solid  forma- 


ad  ot  tw.-nt>  days,  as  at  present,     in  case  of  re- 

n    if  the  old  .lis,-,, very  is  used,  it  must   be  sunk  ten  feet 

deeper.    Anew  provision  Is  thai    the  locator  may,   if   lit 

aires,  have  a  United  States  deputy  mineral  surveyor  make  a 

survey  o  before  location  notioe  is  recorded,   and,   if 

the  Held  ■■■■  ol  I  tie  .  the  recorded  no- 

the  truth  ol  the  mat  i 
ned  therein. 
At  5:48  last  Sunday  morning  an  immense  aerolite  shut  out 
of  the  northern  heavens  ami  seemingly  passed  over  Reno, 
Nev.  It  exploded  with  terrific  force,  shaking  buildings  and 
awakening  people,  Those  whosaw  il  describe  11  as  a  magnifi- 
cent Sight,  lighting  up  the  heavens  and  earth  in  all  divert  ions. 

"  was;, impauied  by  a  whirring  noise,  like  a   tornado.    The 

poop] i  the  street  involuntarily  dodged.     11  was  probably  at 

a  great  distance,  as   the  explosion   "was  not   beard  tor  two 
minutes  after  il   dropped.1' 

Tbtb Debris  Commission  last  week  gave  permission  to  the 
Following  persons  to  operate  hydraulic  mines:  .lames  Slater, 
mine  near  Brownsville,  in  Yuba  county,  Giani  D.  Martini  and 
others,  Railroad  Hill  mine,  near  Fort.  Crossing,  '"  Calaveras 
county;  George  11.  Pease  and  J.  H.  Col  well,  North  Rim  mine, 
near  Yankee  Jim's,  in  Placer  county,  the  applicants  having 
agreed  to  construct  dame  to  bar  the  exit  of  debris  or  to  use 
dams  adjoining  the  mini's.  About,  twenty  more  applications 
are  to  be  considered. 

In  order  to  make  room  for  minerals,  several  of  the  noted  ob- 
jects of  the  museum  of  the  Mining  Bureau  on  Fourth  street 
in  this  city  are  being  sent  out  to  the  Golden  Gate  Park 
museum,  vizi  The  marble  figure  of  Rebecca  at  the  well,  be- 
longing to  .1.  Z.  Davis;  the  Egyptian  mummy  lias  also  gone  to 
the  park  for  a  more  salubrious  atmosphere;  the  baboon  that 
has  so  long  grinned  at  Rebecca  from  his  glass  case  that  he 
now  misses  her  society,  will  soon  follow,  as  will  several  more 
large  objects  that  occupy  space  which  will  hereafter  be  de- 
voted to  additional  minerals. 

There  is  now  being  advertised  in  the  Redding  Democrat 
land  claimed  by  the  railroad,  and  unless  action  is  taken  in  the 
shape  of  a  protest  by  the  80th  inst.,  patents  will  issue,  not- 
withstanding that  it  comprises  a  large  amount  of  mineral 
land.  Five  townships  are  in  Trinity  Co.— townships  34  and  35 
N.,  R.  7  W.,  31  and  33  N.,  R.  8  W.,  and  32  N.,  R.  0  W.  The 
fact  that  the  lain!  is  mineral  makes  no  difference.  The  miners 
interested  should  file  a  protest  at  Redding  before  the  30th,  or 
expect,  unless  they  already  have  patented  claims,  to  be  called 
upon  to  get  title  from  the  railroad  company  later  on. 

Location  NOTICES  written  in  lead  pencil  last  longer  than 
those  written  in  ink.  A  notice  written  in  ink,  and  posted  at 
a  mining  location  on  paper,  will  last  about  one  year,  while  a 
pencil  notice  will  last  as  long  and  be  as  plain  as  the  paper 
upon  which  it  is  written  and  will  stand  the  elements  of  the 
weather.  A  notice  written  on  a  board  or  the  smooth  side  of  a 
stake  in  pencil  has  been  known  to  last  for  fifteen  years.  For 
some  reason  or  other  a  notice  written  in  ink  soon  becomes  ob- 
literated by  snows  and  stormy  weather  and  is  soon  unintelli- 
gible, while  pencil  writing  is  not  defaceable  by  anything 
other  than  intentional  destruction. 

In  Missouri  in  '1)4  the  average  price  of  zinc  ore  was  S5.57  per 
ton  less  than  in  '93,  while  the  price  of  lead  dropped  $1.S6  per 
ton.  Lead  and  zinc  ore  is  produced  in  ten  counties  in  that 
State  and  in  all  503  shafts  are  operated.  The  number  of  tons 
of  lead  ore  miued  during  the  year  was  52,003,  valued  at 
$1,949,568,  and  of  zinc  ore,  89,150  tons,  valued  at  §1,337,910, 
making  a  total  for  the  two  of  £;v.2s7,-'7s.  The  average  price 
per  ton  paid  for  zinc  ore  was  $15,  and  for  lead  ore,  $37. 4S. 
There  were  5065  men  employed  during  the  year,  of  which  3421 
were  metiers.  Seventeen  miners  were  killed  during  the  year 
and  twenty-nine  non-fatal  accidents  occurred. 

In  a  decision  on  appeal  of  the  Silver  King  Mining  Company^ 
from  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  it  is  decided  that  a  certified 
copy  of  the  certificate  of  incorporation  of  a  mining  company  is 
sufficient  to  file  with  an  application  fur  patent,  and  not  a  copy 
of  the  articles  of  incorporation.  The  Commissioner  of  the 
General  Land  Office  has  been  in  the  habit  of  calling  for  copies 
of  such  articles  from  time  to  time,  in  the  face  of  the  law,  thus 
putting  applicants  to  much  useless  delay  and  expense.  Copies 
of  such  articles  generally  cost  from  $10  to  £15,  whereas  the 
copy  of  a  certificate  of  incorporation  only  costs  51.50.  This  de- 
cision settles  the  point  definitely. 

A  Melbourne,  Australia,  paper  tells  a  story  about  Cool- 
gardie  which  may  not  be  true.  A  party  struck  it  very  rich, 
and  one  of  their  number  was  dispatched  to  London  with  the 
specimens,  upon  the  strength  of  which  a  company  was  floated 
with  a  large  capital,  a  fine  slice  of  which  went  to  the  vendors. 
The  legal  managers  telegraphed  out  to  the  man  in. charge  to 
start  crushing  at  once.  He  waited  patiently  for  results,  but 
received  no  reply.  Several  times  he  wired  to  the  same  effect, 
with  no  better  results.  Then  he  sent  a  more  urgent  message, 
as  follows;  "Shareholders  indignant  that  no  report  received 
from  you.  Acknowledge. this,  and  commence  crushing  imme- 
diately." This  elicited  a  reply,  as  follows:  u  Your  wires 
duly  received.  Cannot  commence  crushing  till  you  send  back 
the  reef." 

A  good  oeai,  is  said  in  mining  items  from  the  Slocan  coun- 
try, B.  C,  about  "rawhidiug"  ore  and  other  freight.  The 
"rawhiders"  take  cowhides  just  as  they  are  skinned  from 
the  slaughtered  animal.  Any  rough  edges  may  be  trimmed 
off.  Holes  about  one  inch  in  diameter  are  cut  about  one  foot 
apart  around  the  edges,  the  hide  is  laid  fiat  on  the  ground  and 
the  sacks  of  ore  piled  thereon.  Some  rawhiders  place  two 
sacks  side  by  side  and  some  three.  After  the  hide  is  loaded 
the  ends  and  sides  are  drawn  together  by  a  rope  passed 
through  the  holes  as  described  above.  In  this  manner  the 
load  is  laced  tightly  in  the  hide.  The  neck  of  the  hide  is  al- 
ways the  front  and  to  it  is  fastened  the  whiffletree,  If  the 
trail  is  very  steep,  one  or  more  loads  of  sacked  ore  are  hitched 
one  behind  the  other  and  the  mule  started  down  the  trail  on 
the  run.  For  extra  steep  pitches  in  the.  trail  a  rough  lock, 
consisting  of  a  steel  chain,  is  fastened  around  the  load.  All 
supplies  for  the  miners  are  hauled  up  the  trail  by  rawhide 
transportation.  So  expert  do  the  rawhiders  become  that  they 
balance  themselves  standing  on  top  a  loaded  hide  while  the 
mule  is  going  down  a  steep  mountain  side  on  the  dead  run. 
The  mules  themselves  soon  learn  where  to  stop  for  the  rough 
lock  to  be  applied,  and  it  is  said  by  various  chroniclers  of  the 
Slocan  that  some  rawhiders  have  their  mules  so  well  trained 
that  they  sit  down  on  the  load  and  shoot  over  .the  steepest 
places,  thus  making  rough  locking  unnecessary.** 


1+8 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  9,  1895. 


California  Scenery. 


The  engravings  on  this  page  display  two  widely 
different  features  of  Pacific  coast  sceuery.  One  is  of 
Kail  river — a  mouutain  stream  in  the  extreme  north 
— which  pours  its  waters  into  Pitt  river  and  thus 
makes  its  contribution  to  our  great  Sacramento.  An 
appreciative  writer  speaks  of  its  region  in  these 
words : 

"  Fifty  miles  southeast  from  the  upper  McCloud 
Falls,  across  measureless  earthquake  upheavals, 
traversed  in  midwinter  on  snowshoes,  the  road 
steeply  descends  into  Fall  River  valley.  A  serene 
panorama  of  vernal  plain  and  slow-creeping  rivers 
greets  the  eye  restfully  after  the  exciting  exag- 
geration of  mountain  landscape  beheld  for  a  fort- 
night. To  the  right,  beyond  leagues  of  bright 
meadow,  a  cluster  of  lakelets  bubble  out  of  the  loose 
lava  crust  which  covers  the  northeastern  corner  of 
California.  These  small,  brimming  basins  are  the 
terminal  flowers  of  brauching  stems  of  the  Fall,  Bear 
and  Tule  rivers.  Fall  river  is  the  longest  in  view, 
dropping  its  unrippled  coils  down  an  emerald  space 
of  valley  until,  coming  suddenly  upon  the  dark,  slug- 
gish Pitt,  it  leaps  to  that  sullen  current  in  a  deliri- 
ous frenzy  of  shrilling,  foaming  cascades.  The 
quickening  is  instantaneous.  The  Pitt  is  trans- 
formed into  a  roaring  torrent,  speeding  straight  ior 
an  austere  line  of  ashen  cliffs." 

That  treats  of  Fall  river  in  its  wilder  aspects. 
The  photographer  whose  view  we  present  caught  it 
in  its  milder  moods,  where  it  turns  mills  and  minis- 
ters to  the  service  of  cultivation. 

The  other  engraving  on  this  page  presents  an- 
other river  scene  in  central  California.  The  hard, 
smooth  roadway  amid  rocks  and  trees  and  wooded 
slopes,  with  vistas  of  the  river  below,  suggest  to  the 
denizen  of  coast  or  valley  the  pleasures  of  summer- 
ing in  these  higher  altitudes.  The  river  in  this  case 
is  the  Tuolumne,  as  it  leaves  that  county's  borders; 
but  the  view  is  merely  typical  of  hundreds  in  the  foot- 
hills of  the  Sierra  Nevada  on  the  California  side,  and 
all  who  have  enjoyed  them  will  find  their  impres- 
sions reflected  in  these  lines  of  one  who  evidently  ap- 
preciates such  scenes: 

"  The  landscape  spread  before  us  always  was,  from 
an  artistic  point  of  view,  beautiful.  Continually  we 
get  glimpses  of  the  distant  Sierra  covered  well  with 
snow,  and  the  effect  upon  the  more  quiet  aspect  of 
the  near  landscape  was  to  lend  a  feeling  of  expanse 
and  dignity  to  it  all,  which  is  scarcely  to  be  conveyed 
by  words.  There  is  a  sense  of  vastness  about  all 
California  landscape  which  takes  quiet  possession  of 
an  appreciative  be- 
holder, in  a  way 
that  is  somewhat 
remarkable.  The  * 
long,  dry  summers 
fill  our  air  with 
a  tremulous,  lilac- 
toned  haze  that 
gives  an  air  of 
mystery  and  dis- 
tance which  I  have 
never  seen  in  any 
other  land.  This 
is  aided  by  the 
openness  of  the 
skies  day  by  day, 
their  rich,  warm 
blue  and  violet 
tones  only  ac- 
cented by  an  occa- 
sional streak  or 
tuft  of  wandering 
cloud  that  appears 
to  be  at  an  im- 
mense distance 
aloft.  The  eye 
wanders  over  a 
vast  wealth  of  de- 
tail in  hill,  moun- 
tain and  woodland, 
diversified  by  a 
great  variety  of 
tree  growth  and 
flora." 


Prices  for  Armor  Plate. 


The  prices  paid  for  armor  plate,  according  to  a  re- 
cent communication  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  are  as  follows:  For  Amer- 
ican ordinary  armor  plate,  $500  to  $575  per  ton ;  for 
"  special  "  armor,  $600  to  $725;  cost  of  treating  by 
Harvey  process,  $61.60  per  ton  additional.  The 
"compound"  armor,  purchased  at  Sheffield,  Eng- 
land, for  the  Miantonomoh,  is  said  to  have  cost  $535 


Engineers  Are  Officers. 


SCENE    ON    FALL     RIVER. 


A    SATISFACTORY 

balance  to  the  credit  of  the  Patent  Office  appears 
in  the  annual  report  of  that  branch  of  the  Govern- 
ment for  the  year  189-t.  The  excess  of  receipts 
over  expenditures  for  the  year  amounted  to  $87,-. 
392,  which,  added  to  the  amount  of  previous  bal- 
ances, shows  a  total  of  $4,369,135.  During  the 
year  36.987  applications  for  patents  were  received 
and  20,803  patents  were  granted.  It  appears  that 
in  proportion  to  population  more  patents  were 
issued  to  citizens  of  Connecticut  than  to  those  of  any 
other  State — one  to  every  993  inhabitants;  and 
next  in  order  came  Massachusetts,  with  one  to  every 
1335  inhabitants,  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  with 
one  to  every  1379  inhabitants.  New  Jersey,  Mon- 
tana, Rhode  island,  New  York  and  Colorado  followed 
in  the  order  named.  The  smallest  number  of  patents 
in  proportion  to  the  number  of  inhabitants  were  is- 
sued to  citizens  of  South  Carolina,  Mississippi,  North 
Carolina,  Arkansas  and  Georgia,  following  in  that 
order. 


A    GLIMPSE    OF    THE    TUOLUMNE    RIVER. 

per  ton.  The  nickel-steel  armor  made  in  the  United 
States  contains  3.25  per  cent  of  nickel;  that  made 
abroad  contains  from  2  to  2.25  per  cent.  The  Secre- 
tary calls  attention  to  the  fact  that  foreign  armor  is 
made  in  various  grades  and  of  various  prices,  and 
that  the  bids  of  English  and  French  armor  manufac- 
turers for  armor  for  foreign  use  are  much  lower  than 
for  armor  for  ships  of  their  own  nationality.  ~  The 
contracts  with  the  United  States  makers  are  more 
severe  in  many  respects  in  their  requirements  for 
acceptance  than  those  abroad. 

A  peculiar  fatality  is  reported  from  the  East 
Norrie  iron  mine,  near  Irouwood,  Mich.  The  mine  is 
lighted  by  electricity,  and  the  wires  are  usually  car- 
ried through  iron  pipes.  A  timberman  named 
Jacobson,  while  working  in  a  shaft,  sat  on  one  of 
these  conduits,  and  placing  his  hands  on  the  conduit, 
received  a  shock  causing  his  instant  death. — Ameri- 
can Gas  Light  and  Coal  Journal,  Feb.  16th. 


Geo.  W.  Melville,  Engineer-in-Chief  of  the  U.  S. 
Navy,  has  this  to  say  on  the  mooted  question  of  the 
right  of  engineers  to  the  title  of  "officer"  : 

The  Ciiil urn  Dictionary,  regarded  as  the  best  mod- 
ern authority  on  the  meaning  of  words,   defines  an 
officer  to  be  "  One  who  holds  an  office,    or   to   whom 
has  been  intrusted  a  share  in  the  management  or  di- 
rection of  some  business  or  undertaking,   such  as  a 
society,  corporation,  company,  etc.,  or  who  fills  some 
position   involving   responsibility,  to   which   he  has 
been  formally  appointed."  Is,  or  is  not,  the  engineer 
of  a  steamship  an  officer  within  the  meaning  of  this 
definition  ?     His  position  unquestionably  fulfills  both 
J  of  the  requirements  of  the  definition,  for  he  is  cer- 
1  tainly  intrusted  with  a  share  in  the  management   of 
j  the  undertaking,  i.  e.,  the  steamer,  and  in  the  second 
|  place,  no  one  who  has  ever  been  on  board  a  steamer 
at  sea  can  deny  that  the  engineer's  position  does  nut 
involve  responsibility. 

The  claim  of  the  deck,  or  sailor,  officer  to  being  an 
officer  is  based  upon  inheritance  from  a  condition  of 
things  now  obsolete  rather  than  upon  any  real  im- 
portance or  responsibility  involved  in  his  present  po- 
sition. In  olden  times,  and  on  sailing-vessels  to-day, 
|  the  master  and  mates  held  a  position  of  serious  rc- 
j  sponsibility,  and  were  charged  with  the  sole  manage- 
ment of  their  ships,  but  that  condition  does  not  now 
exist  on  the  steamers  that  are  now  eugaged  in  carry- 
ing on  the  world's  commerce.  The  finest  example  of 
modern  steamships,  notably  the  Atlantic  "grey- 
hounds," and  the  swift  mail  steamers  of  the  East 
India  trade,  are  absolutely  without  sail  power,  and 
even  without  masts,  except  for  signaling  purposes,  a 
development  that  has  removed  a  heavy  load  of  re- 
sponsibility from  the  deck  officer,  and  has  reduced 
him  in  practice  to  the  status  of  a  watchman  or  look- 
out. He  no  longer  has  to  scan  the  horizon  in  fear  of 
being  knocked  down  by  a  sudden  squall,  nor  is  he  re- 
quired to  be  constantly  vigilant  and  worried  lest  the 
change  in  the  wind  or  an  unequal  press  of  canvas 
bring  his  masts  and  spars  down  about  his  head,  pos- 
sibly to  the  peril  of  the  ship  itself.  Heating  through 
a  crowded  harbor,  clawing  off  a  lee  shore  in  a  gale, 
or  skillfully  bracing  his  yards  to  avoid  collision,  are 
all  dangers  and  cares  From  which  he  is  relieved,  and 
of  which  he  may  have  no  knowledge  except  that  ac- 
quired by  reading  old  sea  tales.  In  this  day  of  steam, 
the  engine-room  telegraph  is  his  panacea  for  all 
troubles,  and  if  he  knows  how  to  throw  its  pointer  in 
the  right  direction,  another  more  responsible  than 
himself  comes  to  the  rescue.       Literally,  he  touches 

the  button  and  the 
engineer  does  the 
rest.  Instead  of 
nervously  and 
carefully  watch- 
ing the  rigging 
and  spars  and  the 
ship's  course,  his 
responsibilities  arc 
now  reduced  to  an 
occasional  admoni- 
tion to  the  mac  at 
the  wheel,  and  to 
keeping  a  lookout 
ahead.  If  he  sees 
a  vessel,  iceberg, 
or  other  obstacle 
in  his  path,  he 
rings  the  engine- 
room  bell  and  is 
safe.  A  pilot  takes 
him  in  and  out  of 
port,  and  is  re- 
sponsible while  on 
board. 

On  the  other 
hand,  the  respon- 
sibility which 
once  haunted  the 
watcher  on  deck- 
has  now  found  a 
place  below,  and 
the  engineer  goes 
through  his  watch 
oppressed  with 
a  load  of  cares 
fully  as  heavy  as  that  once  borne  by  the  deck 
officer.  Instead  of  overpressed  sails  and  bending 
masts,  he  has  to  regard  a  battery  of  huge  boilers, 
each  charged  almost  to  distortion  with  a  tremendous 
pressure  of  steam,  and  each  in  itself  a  magazine 
whose  explosion  would  rend  the  ship  in  pieces,  and  a 
set  of  great  engines  equally  overcharged  and  carry 
on  them  a  multitude  of  details  infinitely  more  com- 
plex and  vital  than  ever  was  the  network"  of  rigging 
by  which  the  sailing  ship  was  controlled.  I  re- 
member seeing  in  print  once  a  letter  from  a  sailor 
officer,  sadly  descanting  upon  the  decadence  of  the 
times  and  announcing,  with  a  show  of  anger,  that 
the  claim  of  the  new-comers  to  the  rank  of  officers 
was  an  insult  to  the  "sea  profession."  The  "sea 
profession,"  indeed  !  What  is  it  at  this  close  of  Hie 
nineteenth  century,  but.  marine  engineering  ! 


Gold  is  coming  into  the  mint  from  mines  of  this 
State  at  the  rate  of  a  million  dollars  a  month. 


M*.eh   9.    I8»>5 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ur> 


Australian   Gold. 


I>  W.  Bulcb,  formerly  a  well-known  Comstock 
assayer,  is  now  among  the  Australian  gold  Melds. 
In  a  letter  written  from  Sydney.  N.  S.  W.,  to  an  old 
friend  in  Virginia,  Mr.  Balch describes  the  prospects 
and  methods  of  thai  country  in  a  highly  interesting 
manner.     The  letter  in  part  is  as  follows: 

"  Bratnover  and  Callighan  were  sent  out  heir  by 
au  English  mining  gang  and  they  have  been  oul  to 
Murcbison,  Coolgardie  way,  For  the  past  three 
months,  but  are  here  now.  They  speak  well  of  the 
country,  bul  say  that  at  present  they  ask  too  much 
For  their  claims;  besides,  just  al  present  it  is  very 
hot  and  sickly  there.  They  both  say  they  never  saw 
such  a  country  for  ledges  there  are  thousands  of 
them.    Some  of  them  stand  up  from  twenty  to  fifty 

feet  high.      Some  of   them   are    vt-ry    remarkable    for 
(heir  phenomenal  richness. 

"There  is  a  man  here  in  the  city  now  by  the  name 
of  Mills  wdio  found  the  I.ondondery.  It  was  sold  the 
Other  day  lor  $11110.11110.  He  got.  $300,000  as  his 
share.  He  is  an  Irishman,  who  never  mined  before 
in  his  life,  can't  read  or  write,  but  they  say  is  quite 
shrewd.  All  the  old  prospectors  warned  them  not 
to  go  where  they  did,  as  they  knew  there,  was 
nothing  there.  As  they  were  all  dead  broke  and 
could  not  get  away  from  Coolgardie,  they  had  to 
prospeel  within  a  mile  of  the  city.  I  don't  know 
how  much  they  took  out  in  a  few  days,  but  it  was  a 
very  large  amount.  As  they  could  not  agree  about 
working  the  mine,  none  of  them  ever  having  mined, 
they  sold  the  claim. 

New  finds  are  being  made  all  the  time,  and  now 
the  prospectors  are  in  places  loo  miles  from  Cool- 
gardie. The  country  is  without  water, 
except  salt  lakes,  and  the  water  in  the 
shafts  is  brackish  when  found.  Con- 
densers  are  run  all  over  the  country, 
.ind  the  whole  country  is  covered  with 
a  thick  low  brush,  called  "mallee 
scrub."  People  are  getting  lost  all 
the  time,  and  you  hardly  take  up  a 
paper  without  reading  of  some  one  be- 
ing lost  in  the  brush.  The  country 
is  all  gold  bearing  from  the  Murchi- 
sou  to  Coolgardie,  500  miles,  and  it  is 
thought  it  will  take  five  or  ten  years 
to  prospect  it.  In  fact,  they  have 
not  yet  begun  to  prospect  Australia,  as 
gold  is  found  all  around  thecontinent — 
8000  miles-  and  they  have  only  pros- 
pected about  500  miles  in  from  the 
coast. 

"  All  around  it  leaves  about  1200 
miles  of  unprospected  country  in  the 
interior.  I  had  always  thought  thai 
the  interior  was  a  sand  desert,  but 
such  is  not  the  case.  Very  few  sand 
deserts  are  in  the  country,  but  the  in- 
terior is  covered  with  this  dense  scrub 
and  water  holes  are  scarce;  but  all 
over  the  country  water  can  be  found 
by  digging  wells  from  30  to  200  feet 
deep.  As  a  sample  of  what  is  in  the 
interior  and  at  present  undeveloped, 
1  heard  of  a  prospecting  party  of  ten, 
with  eleven  camels,  which  left  Ade- 
laide, Southern  Australia,  about  a 
year  ago.  They  paid  out  $7500  and 
brought  back  400  ounces  of  gold  that 
they  knocked  off  ledges  that  they  found. 

"  All  the  mines  that  have  been  sold  so  far  at  Cool- 
gardie have  been  sold  on  their  report.  Prom  what  I 
can  hear  I  think  this  excitement  will  keep  up  for  a 
long  time  yet,  as  all  persons  who  come  back  that 
know  anything  about  mines  agree  that  the  country 
is  good,  but  it  will  take  lots  of  money  to  develop  it- 
It  is  time  to  go  there  in  a  year  or  so  from  now.  It 
is  about,  3000  miles  from  Coolgardie  to  here,  2500  by 
steamer  to  Fremantle  and  500  from  there  by  rail  and 
stage.  Go  as  fast  as  you  can  and  it  takes  over  two 
weeks  to  get  there  and  costs  all  of  £100." 


tically  impossible  for  any  gases  to  rush  past  them. 
In  order  to  convey  to  the  projectile  an  axiallv  rotary 
motion,  such  as  is  at  present  conveyed  to  it  bj 
action  of  the  rilling,  he  has  invented  a  mechanical 
arrangement  which,  at  the  instant  of  firing,  gives  to 
the  gun  itself  the  rotary  motion.  This  may  be  either 
constant  or  increased.  Me  has  satisfied  himself 
thai  the  effect  upon  the  projectile  is  e- 
Hie  sauie  as  is  produced  by  the  constant  or  in- 
creasing twist  of  an  ordinary  rilled  gun,  and  he  is  of 
opinion  that  the  adoption  of  his  system,  while  giving 
equal  or  even  improved  accuracy  of  fire,  win  reduce 
the  cost  of  heavy  guns  by  one  lull f  and  add  enor- 
mously to  their  endurance.' 

The  Lightner  Hill. 

The  Lightner  quartz  crushing  and  grinding  mill  is 
herewith  illustrated,  giving  a  sectional  view.  The 
operation  of  the  mill  is  as  follows:  The  rock  is  fed 
from  an  automatic  ore  feeder  into  the  hopper  which 
surrounds  the  gyrating  muller,  from  which  it  passes 
through  ports  or  holes  to  the  inside  of  the 
muller,  where  it  is  crushed  between  the  muller 
and  the  central  cone  in  the  mortar,  then,  dropping 
to  the  bottom  of  the  muller,  is  ground  between  the 
muller  shoe  and  die  in  the  mortar.  The  water  is  fed 
in  with  the  rock  and  Hows  from  the  center,  carrying 
the  finely  ground  materials  with  it  towards  the  dis- 
charge screens,  which  are  all  around  the  outside  of 
the  mortar.  The  motion  of  the  muller  causes  a 
strong  waye-like  splash  against  the  screens, 
securing  a  quick  discharge.  Amalgamating 
plates  are  secured  on  the  slope  between  the 
die  and  the  discharge,  and  the  peculiar 
motion  of  the  pulp,    washing   to   and   fro  over   the 


The  Curse  of  Official   Indorsement. 


Building  Guns  More  Cheaply. 


The  very  heavy  cost  of  modern  guns  is  largely  due 
to  the  time  and  labor  which  are  necessarily  expended 
upon  the  operation  of  rifling  them.  The  material 
itself  is  relatively  cheap,  and  a  rifled  gun,  besides 
being  much  more  costly,  is,  other  things  being  equal, 
more  short  lived  than  a  smoothbore.  It  is  almost 
impossible  so  to  make  the  gun  and  the  projectile 
that  the  soft  driving  bands  of  the  latter  shall,  at  the 
moment  of  discharge,  accurately  fit  into  the  grooves 
and  lands  of  the  bore  and  allow  no  gases  to  pass 
ahead.  When  these  gases  do  pass  ahead  of  the  pro- 
jectile, they  score  and  damage  the  interior  of  the 
gun,  and  where  the  new  powders  are  used  and  the 
gases  of  combustion  attaiu  an  enormous  degree  oE 
heat,  the  pi-ocess  of  deterioration,  especially  in 
weapons  of  large  caliber,  is  often  very  rapid. 

A  Swedish  engineer,  W.  T.  Unge,  has  devised  a 
method  whereby  he  hopes  to  save  not  only  the  cost 
of  rifling,  but  also  the  interior  wear  and  tear  for 
which  rifling  is  responsible.  He  proposes  to  con- 
struct all  guns  with  smoothbores  and  to  fit  the  pro- 
;ectiles  with  gas  checks,  which  shall  render   it   prac- 


THE     LIC4HTNER     MILL. 

plates,  makes  the  mill  a  first-class  amalgamator.  In 
addition  to  the  gyrating  motion,  the  muller  has  a 
rotary  traveling  motion  and  a  side-slip  radial 
motion  on  the  die.  These  mills  run  at  a  speed  of 
from  80  to  130  or  more  revolutions  per  minute  and  will 
work  any  kind  of  hard  rock  or  dirt,  to  any  degree  of 
fineness,  depending  on  the  screens. 

The  advantages  claimed  are:  Cheapness  of  first 
cost  and  operation,  slight  cost  of  wearing  parts, 
slight  cost  of  future  maintenance,  slight  wear  of 
metal  to  quantity  of  rock  crushed,  ease  with  which 
it  can  be  cleaned  up;  automatic  feed  can  be  applied; 
no  large  rocks  can  be  thrown  against  screens;  two 
places  requiring  oil;  quick  discharge,  preventing 
sliming;  the  large  percentage  of  gold  saved  in  the 
mortar,  making  an  extreme  area  of  outside  plates 
unnecessary;  damage  to  mill  impossible  from  in- 
crease of  speed;  no  oil  cau  reach  pulp;  requires  very 
little  power  to  drive  mill. 


In  a  Ton  of  Coal. 


From  one  ton  of  ordinary  gas  coal  may  be  pro- 
duced 1500  pounds  of  coke,  20  gallons  of  ammonia 
water  and  140  pounds  of  coal  tar.  By  destructive 
distillation  the  coal  tar  will  yield  69.6  pounds  of 
pitch,  17  pounds  of  creosote,  14  pounds  of  heavy  oils, 
9.5  pounds  of  naphtha  yellow,  6.3  pounds  of  naphtha- 
line, 4.75  pounds  of  naphthol,  2.25  pounds  of  solvent 
naphtha,  1.5  pouuds  of  phenol,  1.2  pounds  of  aurine, 
1.1  pounds  of  benzine,  1.1  pounds  of  analine,  0.77 
of  a  pound  of  toludine,  0.46  of  a  pound  of  anthracine 
and  0.9  of  a  pound  of  toluene. 

From  the  latter  is  obtained  the  new  substance 
known  as  saccharine,  which  is  530  times  as  sweet  as 
the  best  cane  sugar,  one  part  of  it  giving  a  very 
sweet  taste  to  a  thousand  parts  of  water. 


If  there  is  any  one  thing  which  public  officials  of 
all  cla-  fj  avoid,  in  their  capacity  as  officers, 

it  is  the  practice  of  indorsing  certain  enterprises  and 
schemes.  .Many  a  wildcat  financial  scheme  has  been 
foisted  on  the  public  through  the  intentional  or  un- 
intentional indorsement  of  some  man  holding  a 
public  office. 

Men  with  fertile  brains  will  incorporate  some  in- 
vestment or  other  kind  of  company,  and  the  fust 
thing  they  do  is  to  get  the  indorsemenl  ■'!  some  man 
in  public  life.  This  is  often  done  by  securing  his 
name  as  a  stockholder,  which  is  done  bv  presenting 
him  with  a  lew  shares  of  the  stock.  With  this  ap- 
parent indorsement  they  sally  forth  and  soon  the 
public  is  persuaded  to  invest  in  the  new  concern,  one 

of  the  great  arguments  used  being  that  Mr.  So-and- 
so,  high  in  official  circles,  has  enough  confidence  in 
it  to  take  stock. 

Men  in  public  life,  it  matters  not  what  position 
they  occupy,  owe  a  duty  to  the  people  they  repre- 
sent, and  when  they,  intentionally  or  unintention- 
ally, lend  their  names  to  enterprises  which  they  do 
not  know  to  be  absolutely  legitimate,  they  are  Cer- 
tainly derelict  as  public  officials.-  The  Investor. 


A  Candid  Concession. 


"  Can  Americans  tin  their  own  plates  now  '!  "  was 
the  significant  inquiry  recently  made  by  a  reporter 
of  one  of  the  Welsh  newspapers  to  T.  Phillips,  secre- 
tary of  the  Welsh  Tin  Makers'  Association.  ''  Yes," 
was  the  reply.  ''They  manage  all  the  processes. 
On  the  other  side  of  the  Atlantic  they  are  apparently 
laying  down  heavy  machinery.  For  example,  their 
standards  in  the  mills  weigh  thirteen  tons  as  com- 
pared with  four  tons  in  Wales.  Evidently  they  think 
it  will  pay  to  have  the  machinery  well  laid  down." 
Here  in  truth  is  testimony  to  the  superior  design  of 
American  tin-plate  rolling  mills  out  of  the  mouth  of 
a  Welsh  official  which  deserves  to  be  recorded,  and 
upon  which  Americau  makers  may  fairly  flatter 
themselves  without  laying  themselves  open  to  any 
of  the  charges  of  boasting  which  Britishers  are  still 
so  fond  of  bringing  against  transatlantic  cousins. 
"  What  do  you  think,  Mr.  Phillips,  is  the  prospect  of 
the  future  manufacture  of  tin  plates  in  America  ?  " 
was  the  interviewer's  next  inquiry.  "The  Yankee 
will  probably  make  2,000,000  boxes  and  then  he  will 
stop  and  look  around  to  see  what  profit  he  has 
made,"  was  the  answer  of  this  master's  secretary. 


Wood  in  War  Ships. 


The  board  convened  by  Secretary  Herbert  to  con- 
sider the  subject  of  dispensing  with  wood  in  the  con- 
struction of  the  naval  ships  now  building,  and  also 
for  the  purpose  of  finding  some  suitable  substitute 
for  wood  in  places  where  it  is  impracticable  to  use 
metal,  of  which  board  Commander  Bradford  is  senior 
member,  is  said  by  the  Philadelphia  Ledger  to  be 
making  fair  progress.  Since  the  naval  action  fought 
off  the  mouth  of  the  Yalu  river  between  the  Chinese 
and  the  Japanese  fleets,  during  which  several  ships 
were  disabled  and  thrown  out  of  action  by  serious 
fires  on  board,  the  matter  has  received  much  atten- 
tion at  home  and  abroad.  The  German  admiralty 
has  convened  a  board  to  find  some  proper  substitute 
for  wood.  In  the  meantime  the  use  of  wood  has 
ceased  altogether,  even  the  furniture  being  made  of 
iron,  and  cork  used  where  a  nou-conductor  is  abso- 
lutely necessary.  The  English  have  not  yet  taken 
any  definite  action,  but  are  casting  about  for  some 
substitute  for  wood.  The  French  have  for  a  long 
time  used  a  minimum  of  wood,  and  in  all  foreign  ships 
less  wood  has  probably  been  used  than  in  those  of 
our  service. 

Ship  Building  Wages. 


C.  H.  Cramp  gives  the  following  comparative  table 
of  current  wages  here  and  in  Great  Britain  in  ship- 
building : 

UiiUedStai.es,  (treat  Britain, 

per  week.  per  week. 

Pattern  makers $18  (X)  *!>  00 

Machinists 15  00  8  50 

Boilermakers 15  00  8  50  to  0  00 

Clippers  and  ealkers 15  00  7  80 

Riveters 12  00  to  14  00  7  50  to  8  00 

Beam  and  angle  smiths 15  00  8  40 

Fitters  up 15  00  7  80 

Ship  carpenters 18  00  0  60 

Joiners 16  50  3  00 

Painters 18  00  II  60 

Coppersmiths : 18  00  8  60to9t>ll 

Shipshed  machinemen 15  00  7  20 

Furnacemen 1 1  00  6  00 

Holders  on 0  00  4  20  to  4  HI 

Riggers 1 1  00  7  00  to  7  20 

Plumbers 18  00  to  19  00  (I  00  to  9  60 

Drillers 1100  6  40 

Sheet  iron  workers 15  00  8  50 

Molders,  iron 14  50  9  00 

Molders.  brass 15  00  9  00 

Laborers,  as  helpers 9  00  5  20 

Laborers,  as  handlers 8  00  4  20 


Cobalt  nitrate  is  found  by  Dr.  Johann  Antal,  a 
chemist  of  Hungary,  to  be  an  antidote  to  prussic 
acid  and  cyanide  poisoning.  First  he  tried  the  cobalt 
on  animals,  and  then,  presumably  at  different  times, 
on  forty  living  persons  who  had  been  accidentally 
poisoned  by  prussic  acid,  and  in  all  cases  the  results 
are  reported  to  have  been  satisfactory. 


150 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  9,  1895. 


The  Mineral   Hydrocarbons. 


Their  History,  Geography,  Geology,  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uses. 


NUMBER  XXIV. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and 
copyrighted  1894,  by  Henry  G.  Hanks.  F.  G.  S. 

Sir  William  Hamilton  mentions  the 
lake  Mare  Morto,  Fol.  150,  near  Point 
of  Misenum.  "  Under  the  ruins  of  an 
ancient  building,  in  a  vault,  there  is  a 
vapor  or  '  mosete  '  exactly  similar  in 
its  effects  to  that  of  the  G-rotto  del 
Cane,  as  I  have  often  experienced." 
Referring  to  Mount  iEtna,  he  says  : 
"A  very  powerful  mosete  has  recently 
manifested  itself  in  the  neighborhood  of 
.■Etna,  and  near  the  spot  whence  it 
rises  animals,  birds  and  insects  are 
found  dead,  and  the  stronger  sort  of 
shrubs  blasted. "  (Fol.  166,  Observations 
on  Mount  Vesuvius,  1782). 

In  a  paper  read  before  the  Royal 
Society,  Jan.  15,  1795,  the  same  author 
treats  more  fully  the  subject  of 
"  mephitic  vapors,"  from  which  the 
following  are  extracts  :  "After  every 
eruption  of  Vesuvius/we  read  of  dam- 
age done  by  mephitic  vapors,  which, 
coming  from  under  the  ancient  lavas, 
insinuates  itself  into  such  low  places  as 
cellars  and  wells  of  houses  situated  at 
the  foot  of  the  volcano.  After  the 
eruption  of  1767  I  remember  that  there 
were  several  instances,  as  in  this:  of 
people  going  into  cellars  as  in  Portici 
and  other  parts  of  that  neighborhood, 
having  been  struck  down  by  this  vapor 
and  would  have  expired  had  they  not 
been  hastily  removed.  These  occa- 
sional vapors,  and  which  are  here 
called  '  mosete,'  are  of  the  same  quality 
as  that  permanent  one  in  the  Grotto 
del  Cane,  near  the  lake  of  Agnano,  and 
which  has  been  proved  to  be  chiefly 
fixed  air  (carbonic  acid  gas)  (Pol.  106). 

' '  The  vapors  which  in  the  volcanic 
language  of  the  country  are  called 
'  fumaroli '  are  of  another  nature,  and 
issue  from  spots  all  over  the  fresh  and 
hot  lavas  while  they  are  cooling.  They 
are  sulphurous  and  suffocating,  so  much 
so  that  birds  that  are  flying  over  them 
are  overpowered  and  fall  down  dead. 
*  *  *  The  first  appearance  of  the 
mosete  after  the  late  eruption  was  on 
the  17th  of  June,  when  a  peasant,  going 
with  an  ass  to  •  his  vineyard,  a  little 
above  the  village  of  Resina,  in  a  narrow 
way,  the  ass  dropped  down  and  seemed 
to  be  expiring.  The  peasant  was  soon 
sensible  of  the  mephitic  vapors  himself, 
and  well  knowing  its  fatal  effects, 
dragged  the  animal  out  of  itsinflueuce 
and  it  soon  recovered.  Prom  that 
time  these  vapors  have  greatly  in- 
creased and  extended  themselves. 
There  are  to  this  day  many  cellars  and 
wells  all  the  way  from  Portici  to  Torre 
del  Annunziata  greatly  affected  by 
them. 

"This  heavy  vapor,  when  exposed  to 
the  open  air,  does  not  rise  much  above 
a  foot  from  the  surface  of  the  earth, 
but  when  it  gets  into  confined  places 
like  a  cellar  or  well  it  rises  and  fills 
them  as  any  other  fluid  would  do. 
Having  filled  a  well,  it  rises  above  it 
about  a  foot,  and  then,  bending  over, 
falls  to  the  earth,  on  which  it  spreads, 
always  possessing  its  usual  level. 

"  Wherever  this  vapor  issues  a 
wavering  in  the  air  is  perceptible  like 
that  which  is  produced  by  the  burning 
of  charcoal,  and  when  it  issues  from  a 
fissure  near  any  plants  or  vegetables 
the  leaves  of  those  plants  are  seen  to 
move  as  if  they  were  agitated  by  a 
gentle  wind. 

"  It  is  extraordinary  that,  although 
there  does  not  appear  to  be  any  poison- 
ous quality  in  this  vapor,  which  in  every 
respect  resembles  fixed  air,  it  should 
prove  so  very  fatal  to  the  vineyards, 
some  thousands  of  acres  of  which  have 
been  destroyed  by  it  since  the  last 
eruption.  When  it  penetrates  to  the 
roots  of  the  vines  it  dries  them  up  and 
kills  the  plants. 

"A  peasant  in  the  neighborhood  of 
Resina,  having  suffered  by  the  mosete, 
which  destroyed  his  vineyards  in  the 
year  1767,  and  having  observed  that 
the  vapors  followed  the  laws  of  all 
fluids,  made  a  narrow,  deep  ditch  all 
around  his  vineyard  which  communi- 
cated with  ancient  lavas,  and  also  a 
deep  cavern  under  one  of  them.    The 


consequence  of  his  well  reasoned  opera- 
tion has  been  that,  although  surrounded 
at  present  by  these  noxious  vapors 
which  lie  constantly  at  the  bottom  of 
his  ditch,  they  have  never  entered  bis 
vineyard  and  his  vines  are  now  in  a 
flourishing  state,  while  those  of  his 
neighbors  are  perishing.  Upward  of 
thirteen  hundred  hares  and  many 
pheasants  and  partridges,  overtaken 
by  this  vapor,  have  been  found  dead 
within  his  Sicilian  Majesty's  reserves, 
aud  also  many  domestic  cats,  which,  in 
their  pursuit  of  game,  fell  victims  to 
the  mosete. 

"A  few  days  ago  a  shoal  of  fish  of 
several  hundred  pounds  weight,  having 
been  observed  by  some 'fishermen  at 
Resina  in  great  agitation  on  the  sur- 
face of  the  sea  near  some  rocks  of  an 
ancient  lava  that  had  run  into  the  sea, 
they  surrounded  them  with  their  nets, 
and  afterward  discovered  that  they 
had  been  stunned  by  the  mephitic 
vapors  which  at  that  time  issued 
forcibly  from  underneath  the  ancient 
lava  into  the  sea." 

{To  he  continued.) 


The  Solar  Eclipse  of  '93. 


Professor  J.  M.  Schaeberle,  of  the 
Lick  Observatory,  gave  an  interesting 
account  last  week,  before  the  Geo- 
graphical Society  of  the  Pacific,  of  his 
expedition  to  Chili  two  years  ago,  to 
observe  the  total  eclipse  of  the  sun.  Of 
all  the  parties  sent  out  to  different 
parts  of  the  world,  this  one  obtained 
the  best  negatives.  The  story  of  the 
toilsome  advance  up  the  rugged  Cor- 
dilleras, the  difficulty  of  transporting 
the  instruments  as  the  men  panted  in 
the  rarified  air,  and  the  suffering  in 
the  icy  blasts  of  the  high  altitudes, 
where  the  wind  was  almost  a  hurri- 
cane, were  described  by  the  lecturer 
with  a  force  and  vivid  earnestness  that 
held  the  large  audience  closely  atten- 
tive till  the  end.  The  camera  slides, 
illustrating  the  eclipse  and  many  land- 
scapes among  the  Andes,  were  well 
done  and  gave  great  enjoyment.  It  is 
the  professor's  judgment  that  neither 
magnetism  nor  electric  force  has  any- 
thing to  do  with  the  coronal  display. 


Books  Received. 


The  Heating  Power  of  Wyoming  Coal  and 
Oil,  by  E.  E.  Slosson  :  from  the  University  of 
Wyoming. 

The  Discovery  of  Mineral  Deposits  in  the 
Lake  Superior  Region,  by  H.  V.JWinchell. 

The  Twenty-third  Annual  Report  of  the 
State  Geologist  of  Minnesota,  by  JST.  H.  Wiu- 
chell. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  A.  Blair,  in  the  American  House  Mine, 
near  La  Porte.  Plumas  Co..  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings 
behind  dams  in  the  American  House  Ravine;  from 
Jay  E.  Russell,  in  Ihe  Spring  Tunnel  and  Spring 
Canyon  Mines,  near  Mount  Gregory.  El  Dorado  Co.. 
Cal..  to  impound  tailings  behind  brush  dams  in 
Spring  Canyon;  from  Porter  Phillips,  in  the  Mount 
Gregory  Gold  Mine,  near  Georgetown.  El  Dorado 
Co..  Cat.  to  impound  tailings  behind  brush  aud  log 
dams  in  a  ravine  below  the  mine:  from  Wulff  Bros., 
in  the  Deer  Valley  Mine,  near  Green  Valley.  El 
Dorado  Co..  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  in  an  old 
hydraulic  pit;  from  John  Enos.  in  the  Strawberry 
Placer  Mine,  near  Vallicila.  Calaveras  Co..  Cal.,  to 
impound  tailings  behind  rock  dam  in  a  gulch  below 
the  mine:  from  Geo.  R.  Evans  et  al.,  ill  the  Red  Hill 
and  Telegraph  Hill  Mines,  near  Rancheria,  Amadoi 


Cal.. 


ch; 


impound  tailings  behind  log  dam  in 
1  from  Moy  Jin  Hun.  in  Ihe  Grizzlv 
Hill  Mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co.,  Cal..  to  im- 
pound tailings  behind  brush  dam  in  a  ravine  below 
the  mine,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at 
Room  No.  '?!.  Flood  Building.  San  Francisco,  Cal..  on 


March  ISlli,  1895,  at  1:30  J 


.v. 


ED\A//\RD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 
S     Tests  and  Estimates  for  the  improvement  of  { 
%  Pumping.  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants.  \ 

\  Will  supervise  the  Construction.  Shipment  < 
\  or  Erection  of  Machinery.  Will  make  Draw-  * 
C  ings.  Estimates  or  Specifications.  ] 

V     Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de-  . 

Dplion.    T-wenty  year's  experience. 
2:i  California  St.,  Sau  Francisco,  Cal. 


TWINE      OUl/NERS  ! 

An  Electric  Engineer  with  limited  capital  de- 
sires to  correspond  with  mine  owners  who  are  now 
handicapped  by  the  high  cost  of  power,  with  a  view 
to  installing  an  electric  power  transmission 
plant  on  the  property  for  an  interest  in  the  same. 

This  applies  to  mines  located  within  ten  or 
twelve  miles  of  available  water  power. 

Address  ELECTRIC  ENQINEER, 

Care  /lining  and  Scientific  Press. 


WANTED ! 

Mining  superintendent  to  take  charge  of  a  silver 
mine  in  Mexico.  Must  be  of  good  habits  and 
thoroughly  reliable  in  every  respect,  and  have  a 
practical  knowledge  of  mining  and  milling  silver 
ores  and  able  to  speak  Spanish.  No  other  need 
apply.    Address  BOX  J, 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 
220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


PROSPECTING 


Mechanics;    Mechanical   Drawing;    Electricity;    Architecture;    Architectural    Drawing  and 
Designing;  Masonry;  'Carpentry  ana 'Joinery ;  Ornamental  and  Structural  Iron  Work;  Steam    Hi      BY 
Engineer'tnq (Stationary,  Locomotive  or  Marine);  Railroad  Engineering;  Bridge  Engineering; 
Municipal  Engineering;  Plumbing  and  Heating;    Coal  and  Metal   Mining,   and  the  English 
Branches.    Blowpiping  outfit  and  mineral  specimens  free  to  students     Send  for  Free  Cir-     fc  ■..,  ...-.,-, 
culars,  stating  the  subject  you  wish  to  study,  to  Wxc  ®  Sa^ 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranton,  Pa. 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


S^j 


1l>jlp^S®lfet>^^^S- 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If  you  are  interested  In 
Kock  Drilling:  Correspond 
with  us. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,   Address  the  Company  at  its  Denver  Office. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph.  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 
Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,   therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation   and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically     over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt  trans- 
versely two 
feet  apart, 
there  is  a 
space  of  one 
inch,   contain- 

__ — . — , , ing     twenty 

■i  •   ■;    „ '-'\*  t-^W    riffles  1-33  of 
■     ■  ■     .         an     ini'li     in 

■ — — -J^-^--^.^3-'       depth.    This 

tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on   the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
tine  sulphurels  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a   belt  with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Building San  Francisco. 


PLACER 


malgamators, :  Dredgers, :  Shovels. 


Complete  "Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating,  Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer  ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of  water  or 
compressed  air.    Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outlits  include  "Lancaster"  1895  Land  or  River  Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  SLeam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction.  Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required.  Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other  machinery  also 
built!    Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee,  39  Cortlandt  St.,  NEW  YORK. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

B.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco, 

Special  attention  giveD  to  the  purchase  or  Mine  and  MU1  Supplies 


tamp  Cam- 


\l  irch   9   18»5 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


151 


En   Passant. 


A  meeting  has  been  called  under  the  patronage  of 
the-  Board  ol  Trade,  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and 
the  Mechanics' Institute,  to  consider  the  matter  of 
manufactures. 

This  movement  proceeds  from  motives  un<iuestion- 
ably  good.  One  way  to  create  home  manufactures  is 
in  withdraw  from  the  banks  some  of  the  money  there 
lying  idle  and  put  it  iutn  shoe-making  simps,  imple- 
ment   factories,   cloth-making  and  clothing-tnaktng 

establishn ts,  etc.,  etc.     The  masses  do  not   Deed 

to  be  educated  so  much  as  the  capitalists.  The 
masses  arc  the  buyers  and  they  will  buy  where  they 
tan  buy  cheapest,  and  no  system  of  "  education  "  will 
make  them  do  otherwise,  Let  capital  do  its  part 
and  the  consuming  masses  will  do  theirs. 

This  regeneration  of  San  Francisco  is  chiefly 
to  be  hoped  for  at  the  hands  of  her  capitalists. 
Whatever  has  been  accomplished  in  California  in  the 
past  forty  years  has  largely  been  absorbed  by  them. 
They  are  not,  as  capitalists  go,  a  bad  set  of  men, 
but  they  are  deficient  in  just  the  sort  of 
skill  Deeded  at  this  time.  They  are  not.  as  a  rule, 
men  trained  in  business.  Their  wealth  has  very 
largely  been  acquired  by  inheritance,  in  speculation. 
by  increase  in  the  value  of  real  property  and  by  min- 
ing operations.  So  far- as  we  know,  there  is  not  a 
good  mechanic  in  the  whole  list  of  millionaires;  and 
it  is  a  very  unfortunate  fact.  Just  think  what  it 
would  mean  for  California  if  her  younger  million- 
aires— leaving  out  of  the  question  the  older  men, 
who  are  past  an  active  life — had  each  some  speeial 
business  equipment  '  If  Fred  Sharon  were  a  leather 
maker  we  should  probably  have  the  biggest  and  best 
tannery  in  the  world.  If  young  Phelan  had  been 
trained  in  the  machine  trade  we  might  have  an 
establishment  which  would  build  those  forty-two 
locomotives  fm-  the  S.  1'.  If  Charley  Fair  were  an 
expert  miner,  it  would  set  a  thousand  stamps  to 
dropping.  If  .limiu.y  Flood  were  a  shoemaker,  the 
hide  product  of  California  would  be  consumed  at 
home  and  "the  masses"  would  walk  in  California- 
made  si s.    Generally  speaking,  our  great  fortunes 

are  employed  in  land  speculations,  in  banking-  or  in 
Other  ways  which  contribute  little  or  nothing  to  the 
welfare  of  the  city  and  State.  The  capitalists  of 
San  Francisco  also  need  to  be  educated.  And  that 
the  process  is  well  in  progress,  and  that  it  promises 
the  best  results,  nobody  can  doubt  who  watches  the 
movements  of  the  times. 


Obituary. 


A  Sweeping  Decision. 

An  absolute  removal  to  all  bars  to  the  use  of  the 
carbon  telephone  transmitter;  the  destruction  of  ex- 
clusive rights  to  manufacture  ami  sell  the  incandes- 
cent light;  the  denial  of  right,  alleged  under  an  Edi- 
son patent,  to  impose  a  royalty  upon  every  street 
railroad  or  any  other  enterprise  using  electricity  for 
power  or  light,  the  collapse  of  claims  for  royalty  for 
the  use  of  machinery  in  the  rubber  industry  and 
probably  in  numerous  other  industries;  the  probable 
beginning  of  suits  for  the  recovery  of  royalties  paid 
under  patents  now  decided  to  have  expired — these 
are  some  of  the  results  of  the  decision  handed  down 
by  Justice  Harlan  last  Monday  in  the  Bate-Sulz- 
berger  ease. 

The  Bate-Sulzberger  ease  was  made  up  in  New 
York  by  counsel  representing  the  American  Bell 
Telephone,  the  General  Electric  and  the  Western 
Union  Telegraph  Companies  on  one  side  and  the 
Westinghouse  Company  on  the  other. 

The  Supreme  Court  affirms  all  that  was  claimed 
by  Shult/.berger  and  settles  forever  what  constitutes 
the  life  of  an  American  patent.  As  to  its  effect,  it 
first  of  all  removes  completely  all  proprietary  rights 
to  the  patents  covering  the  carbon  or  battery  tele- 
phone transmitter.  The  Bell  Company  claimed  this 
enuneiator  under  the  Berliner  patent,  which  was  de- 
cided against  the  company  by  Judge  Carpenter  in 
the  lower  United  States  Court  in  Boston  several 
months  ago.  The  Supreme  Court  decision  and  that 
of  Judge  Carpenter  makes  it  possible  for  any  one  to 
use  the  carbon  transmitter.  The  Bell  Company  still 
holds  numerous  small  devices,  but  its  fundamental 
grip  is  gone  and  now  the  way  is  clear  for  rivals. 

Another  great  electrical  patent  which  is  de- 
stroyed is  that  issued  to  Edison  in  1887,  known  as 
No.  369,280,  covering  a  dynamo  with  translating  de- 
vices in  a  multiple  arc.  Little  has  been  said  about 
it  in  the  newspapers.  It  was  a  patent  broad  enough 
to  cover  every  device  for  transforming  electrical 
energy  into  mechanical  energy.  The  company  which 
holds  it  began  suits  under  it  in  the  winter  of  1893-4 
to  enforce  payment  of  royalties.  The  institution  of 
the  Bate-Sulzberger  case  caused  those  suits  to  be 
continued. 

There  are  other  minor  patents  involved.  The 
capital  which  is  interested  runs  possibly  to  $300,000,- 
000.  The  decision  affects  not  only  the  electrical  in- 
dustries, but  throughout  mechanical  industries  the 
effects  of  the  decision  are  felt.  The  rubber  industry 
is  heavily  involved  and  a  number  of  others. 


L.  Seager;  gold  quartz  with  telluride  of  gold  from 
Siskiyou  Co.,  Cal.,  B.  S.  Thomas:  fosssil  fish  from  the 
foundation  of  the  Courthouse  at  Los  Angeles  T. 
Shooter;  a  number  of  new  fossils  from  the  Los  An- 
geles and  Puente  oil  districts  and  also  numerous 
specimens  of  gold  quartz,  silver  and  other  ores,  rocks 
and  minerals,  etc.  Hkmiv  S.  DuKDEN,  Sec'v. 


Colorado  /lining  Stocks. 


B.  K.  Bai  mman.  an  early  pioneer  of  Los  Gatos,  who  died 
last  week,  was  one  of  the  parly  that  discovered  the  Yoscmite 
valley  in  March,  ISM. 

Phed  Oest,  owner  of  the  famous  Oest  mine  at  Silver  City, 
died  in  this  city  last  week.  His  mine  has  produced  over  ¥500,- 
000  in  gold,  and  at  the  World's  Fair  took  first  prize  for  gold 
specimens.  At  the  time  of  his  death  Mr.  Oest  owned  a  half- 
inlei est  in  the  mine. 

JOHN  J.  Devine,  one  of  the  best-known  mining  men  in 
southern  Arizona,  was  found  dead  in  bed  at  a  hotel  in  Flor- 
■  mi  .  Arizona,  on  the  lsts  He  made  and  lost  several  fortunes 
in  the  mining  business  in  the  Territory,  and  at  the  time  of  his 
death  was  superintendent  of  a  enmpany  which  controls  rich 
gold  properties. 

K.  A.  Denison,  a  prominent  assayer  and  mining  man,  of 
Leadvillc,  (Jolo.,  died  February  26th  from  accidental  poison- 
ing. While  taking  lunch  in  his  office  he  filled  a  tumbler  with 
water,  thinking  it  was.eleatL.  It  contained  four  or  five  drops 
of  cyanide  of  potassium,  and  he  died  in  an  hour.  Mr.  Denison 
was  a  popular  mau,  and  was  to  have  been  married  in  a  month. 
His  mother  resides  in  Genesco,  N.  Y. 


Recent    Additions    to    the    Collection 
State  Mining  Bureau. 


of    the 


Dumortierite  from  Ogilby,  Cal. ;  selenite  from 
Utah;  aragonite  from  Arizona;  arfvedsonite  in  mi- 
crocline  from  Colorado;  white  and  yellow  topaz  in 
matrix  from  Utah;  albite  and  microcline  from  Amelia 
Courthouse,  Virginia;  celestite,  fluorite  and  siderite 
from  England;  cerussite  from  Broken  Hill,  Australia, 
and  from  Bohemia;  corumdum,  rutile  and  kyanite 
from  North  Carolina;  epsomite  from  the  New  Al- 
maden  mine,  C.  C.  Derby;  beryl  from  Siberia,  J.  Z. 
Davis;  fluorite  from  New  York,  J.  Z.  Davis;  pink 
crystals  of  apatite,  J.  Z.  Davis:  polished  specimens 
of  travertine,  Verde  antique  and  other  marbles,  A. 


Colorado  Springs,  Colo.,  March 'J.  1895. 

To  the  Editor: — Universal  indifference  towards 
every  class  of  mining-stock  speculation  prevails  with 
little  evidence  of  any  change.  What  little  activity 
remains  emanates  either  from  some  contemplated 
reorganization  or  various  schemes  to  secure  controls, 
etc.,  and  possible  professional  speculation.  There 
is  no  investment  interests  apparent. 

1 1  may  appear  ridiculous  to  pose  as  a  bear  at  this 
time,  although  general  opinion  is  that  everything  is 
cheap;  but  with  very  few  exceptions,  everything 
will  probably  be  cheaper.  One  of  the  chief  reasons 
for  this  is  that  mining-stock  traders  invariably  rep- 
resent the  high-pressure  class  of  businessmen,  carry- 
ing more  than  their  circumstances  warrant  and  al- 
ways being  forced  to  realize  at  short  notice,  thereby 
creating  many  advantageous  opportunities  to  invest. 

If  the  Denver  and  local  exchanges  would  co-operate 
and  take  pattern'  after  the  New  York  Stock  Ex- 
change and  other  institutions  of  the  same  class  and 
insist  that  the  stock  books  of  the  listed  companies 
should  be  subject  to  the  inspection  of  the  stock- 
holders at  reasonable  times,  there  would  be  more 
confidence,  and  ordinary  speculators  would  receive 
at  least  a  portion  of  the  consideration  they  are  un- 
questionably entitled  to.  Besides,  there  would  be 
less  likelihood  of  over-issues,  exorbitant  salaries  and 
various  other  dishonest  complications  that  are  be- 
coming altogether  too  frequent.  A  shareholder  in 
a  stock  company  is  a  partner  in  the  concern,  and 
there  is  no  other  way  of  defining  his  position. 

I  have  in  mind  several  well-known  mining  com- 
panies, the  value  of  whose  stock  has  recently  de- 
preciated very  much.  The  books  of  these  organiza- 
tions are  peculiarly  difficult  to  inspect  and  reliable 
information  an  impossibility,  and  those  supposed  to 
have  the  reputation  of  conscientiously  directing 
their  affairs  are  particularly  sensitive  to  comment  of 
any  nature  whatever.  This  in  itself  shows  that 
there  is'material  for  reform.  If  a  few  of  the  indi- 
viduals connected  with  certain  companies  which  have 
accomplished  a  great  deal  of  questionable  manipula- 
tion are  to  govern  the  entire  mining  stock  market, 
the  sooner  the  business  is  abandoned  by  those  who 
desire  to  retain  a  respectable  reputation  the  better. 

There  are  undoubtedly  many  attractive  purchases 
in  the  Cripple  Creeks,  but  what  recommends  some 
of  the  silver  propositions  to  the  investor,  few  at- 
tempt to  explain.  One  pleasing  feature  is  that 
more  attention  is  being  given  to  legitimate  mining 
than  ever  before,  and  the  good  results  are  daily  in- 
creasing.  Very  respectfully,         P.  H.  Pettingetx. 


The  S.  P.  Co.  has  placed  an  order  for  forty-two 
locomotives  with  Eastern  firms.  The  fact  empha- 
sizes the  industrial  condition  of  the  city  and  State. 
This  half-million-dollar-order  would  be  a  fine  thing 
for  a  California  establishment. 


LJinioin    Iron  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-maNUFACTDRERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

ftutomatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed   Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz:  mills. 

rttanty  Chili  /Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Dodd  SIgmoIdal  Water  Wheel, 

PUMPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and   Lead   Eurnaces,        fKll  Classes  of  Marine  U/ork. 

^=a*z^>SHIP  BUILDERS.      *       BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *       HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.-^sss^ 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     I  -4-  ! 


QROMD\A/«-V. 


CABLE  ADDRESS: 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  flachinery 

^"^^^►For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity. -^|^^^-^ 
ELECTRIC     ROWER     TRANSMISSION  ! 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  running  every  station  of  tbis  chaiacter  in  the  entire  West.    An  experience  of  more  than  12  years  in  planning  and  executing  water  power  plants  affords  assurance  that  all  work 
furnished  will  be  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  the  case,  and  give  the  best  possible  results  under  existing  conditions. 

-  CATALOGUES  FURNISHED  UPON  APPLICATION. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


152 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  9,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 

The  Origin  of  Kerosene  Oil. 


Mr.  John  W.  Eock,  writing  in  the 
Australian  Mining  Standard,  says:  The 
eminent  French  microscopists,  MM. 
Bertraud  and  Renault,  have  by  their 
reseai-ches  settled  the  vexed  question 
of  the  origin  of  kerosene  shale. 

The  writer  is  very  sanguine  and  be- 
lieves that  these  great  Frenchmen 
have  disposed  of  all  the  previous 
theories  claiming  to  establish  for  the 
prime  cause,  all  kinds  of  organisms 
"ranging  from  forest  tree  to  jelly 
fish." 

It  is  allowed,  '  however,  that  Pro- 
fessor David  was  right  in  the  theory 
he  set  up,  because  it  is  in  line  with  the 
deductions  of  Messrs.  Bertrand  and 
Renault. 

The  co-relation  of  the  microscopic 
observations,  according  to  Mr.  Rock 
lead  to  the  conclusion  that  at  the  close 
of  the  carboniferous  period  there  ex-' 
isted  in  the  now  known  oil  regions  "  a 
series  of  shallow  lakes  fed  by  streams 
which  carried  sediment  in  their  waters 
and  deposited  it,  in  greater  or  less 
measure,  on  the  bottom  of  the  pools, 
mingled  with  innumerable  leaves  of  the 
gloss-opteris  (tree  fern),  which  floated 
down  with  the  current. 

But  the  remarkable  feature  of  this 
discovery  of  the  origin  of  kerosene, 
traces  it  to  the  fecundating  pollen  of 
the  prevailing  plant  family  Filices,  or 
fern  family,  that  are  known  not  to 
shed  their  pollen  from  stamens  like  the 
phanerogamous  order  of  plants  but 
like  true  cryptogamia  or  non-flowering 
plants,  for  in  the  past,  even  much 
more  so  than  now,  they  cast  off  their 
pollen  as  spores  out  of  their  spore- 
cases,  called  sporangia,  and  as  the 
spores  of  the  fern  are  not  seeds,  but 
fecundating  germs,  a  fern  plant  is  the 
second  growth  from  the  spore;  there- 
fore nature  has  made  the  fern  to  pro- 
duce in  prodigious  quantities  the 
spores  that  seldom  germinate,  because, 
under  the  most  favorable  conditions  of 
climate,  few  find  a  suitable  matrix 
favorable  to  their  biogenesis.  We  need 
not  wonder  then  when  we  are  told 
that  this  family  of  plants  sometimes 
cast  off  spores  sufficient  to  cover  the 
floor  of  a  forest  to  the  depth  of  an  inch 
in  one  year. 

Mr.  Rock  next  proceeds  to  say:  ''All 
arouud  were  forests  of  coidaites,  from 
which,  in  common  with  large  areas  of 
country,  a  ceaseless  rain  of  pollen  fell 
upon  the  surface  of  the  lakes,  each 
particle  becoming  macerated  and 
finally  mingling  with  the  mud  at  the 
bottom,  forming  the  bituminous  shales 
which  exist  in  varying  thickness  below 
and  above  the  kerosene  bands." 

He  finds  the  coincident  productions 
and  conditions  necessary  for  natm-e  to 
furnish  her  supply  of  kerosene  to  be: 

1st.  The  presence  of  shallow  lakes 
fed  by  the  waters  of  numerous  streams 
that  traverse  the  neighboring  forests. 

2d.  A  hot  damp  climate,  and  large 
forests  of  tree  ferns  that  throw  off  im- 
mense showers  of  pollen  or  sporangia. 

3d.  The  waters  of  the  stream  must 
contain  a  peculiar  vegetable  matter 
called  ulmic  acid. 

4th.  The  surface  of  the  lakes  must 
be  covered  with  a  minute  genus  of  alga?, 
of  rapid  growth  and  ephemeral  exist- 
ence. 

The  writer  further  proceeds:  "At 
the  same  time  the  waters  became  im- 
pregnated with  a  peculiar  bi-ownish 
vegetable  matter,  known  as  ulmic  acid, 
such  as  is  to-day  found  in  the  rivers 
Amazon  and  Orinoco  in  South  America. 

"Still  the  pollen  from  the  forests 
fell  upon  the  surface  of  the  lakes  and 
became  water-logged,  and  sank  to  the 
bottom,  mingling  with  the  brown  ma- 
terial that  yielded  the  ulmic  acid. 

"But  now  a  new  phenomenon  oc- 
curred. All  over  the  surface  there 
appeared  a  growth  of  minute  plants  of 
the  genus  of  algte,  each  consisting  of  a 
gelatinous,  sac-like  plant,  floating  free 
and  containing  many  hundred  cells. 
Each  as  it  disappeared  below  the  sur- 
face was  replaced  by  another,  to  follow 
in  its  turn  and  descend  slowly  and 
gently  to  the  bed  of  the  lake,  where 
rank  on  rank   was  deposited  until,  in 


some  cases,  40,000  layers  were  piled  up 
in  a  semi-fluid  mass  about  twelve  feet 
in  thickness." 

The  mass  then  evidently  dried  up 
and  the  thickness  mentioned  above 
would  shrink  to  about  .four  feet  six 
inches,  forming  one  of  our  most  valu- 
able kerosene  deposits. 


Production  of  Ozone. 


According  to  foreign  chemical  jour- 
nals, the  most  recent  method  of  pro- 
ducing ozone  is  that  of  Lieut.  Poulsen, 
a  Danish  officer,  and  is  based  upon  the 
oxidation  of  phosphorus  in  a  special 
apparatus.  A  wide-neck  glass  jar  is 
closed  with  a  finely  perforated  porce- 
lain plate,  and  two  iuches  below  this 
there  is  a  similar  plate  inside  the  jar. 
Through  the  center  of  each  passes  a 
rod,  which  is  curved  upward  at  the 
lower  end  and  terminates  in  a  small 
cup  for  holding  a  piece  of  phosphorus. 
The  jar  contains  sufficient  acidulated 
water  to  submerge  the  phosphorus 
when  the  apparatus  is  not  in  uso,  and, 
when  ozone  is  required,  a  small  quan- 
tity of  potassium  permanganate  is 
added  to  this,  and  the  phosphorus 
raised  by  means  of  the  glass  rod  above 
the  surface  of  the  liquid.  Phosphorus 
acid  is  formed  by  contact  of  the  phos- 
phorus with  the  air,  and  converted 
into  phosphoric  acid  by  the  action  of 
the  permanganate,  while  ozone  is  pro- 
duced simultaneously  and  escapes 
through  the  perforations  in  the  porce- 
lain plates. 

Paper  as  an  Insulator. 

For  many  purposes  paper  is  an  ex- 
cellent insulation,  and  has  come  into 
use  in  telephone  and  other  cables. 
Such  an  insulation  has  been  tried 
under  water.  One  such  cable  is  now 
at  the  bottom  of  the  Hudson  river  at 
New  York,  in  the  track  of  all  domestic 
and  sea-bound  traffic.  The  cable  is 
lead-covered  and  otherwise  protected, 
but  depends  for  its  insulation,  elec- 
trically, on  thin  spirals  of  paper 
around  each  stranded  interior  wire. 
The  laying  of  such  a  cable  iu  such  a 
place  might,  a  few  years  ago,  have 
been  considered  little  short  of  suicidal, 
but  experience  has  demonstrated  the 
practicability  of  the  scheme.  A  100- 
pair,  paper  -  insulated,  lead  -  covered 
cable  can  be  bought  for  fifty  cents  a 
foot,  while  the  rubber-insulated  cable 
would  probably  cost  not  less  than  $3 
per  foot. 

Recent  experiments  show  that  glass 
is  more  porous  than  has  been  before 
thought.  A  vessel  was  partitioned  into 
two  parts  by  a  light  of  glass,  and  on 
one  side  the  vessel  was  filled  with 
sodium  amalgam  and  on  the  other  with 
pure  mercury.  The  whole  was  heated 
to  a  temperature  of  200°,  where  glass 
begins  to  be  very  conductive.  The  two 
sides  were  then  connected  with  the 
positive  and  negative  wires  of  a  bat- 
tery and  a  current  of  electricity  passed 
through  for  about  thirty  hours.  At 
the  end  of  this  time  it  was  found  that 
quite  considerable  sodium  had  found  its 
way  through  the  glass  into  the  mer- 
cury on  the  other  side.  Neither  the 
original  weight  of  the  glass  nor  its 
transparency  was  in  any  way  changed. 

The  Government  is  testing  a  new 
plan  for  sigualing  at  sea,  which  has 
already  yielded  remarkable  results.  It 
consists  merely  of  an  ordinary  gong 
fastened  to  the  bow  of  the  ship  below 
the  water  line.  This  acts  as  a  trans- 
mitter, and  the  receivers  are  gongs  of 
exactly  similar  tone  and  rate  of  vibra- 
tion, one  on  each  side  of  the  ship  below 
the  water  line.  The  receiving  gong 
will  take  up  and  produce  the  sound  of 
the  sending  gong  from  a  long  distance. 
Signals  already  have  been  clearly 
transmitted  ten  miles. 


M.  Debois,  of  Reuleaux,  France,  has 
patented  a  new  mixture,  which,  when 
burned,  will  withstand  the  highest 
temperatures.  The  mixture  is  com- 
posed of  quartz  or  flint  and  sulphate  of 
borium.  The  proportions  are  varied 
according  to  the  needed  resistance  of 
the  material,  in  some  cases,  ground. 
Pudding  stone  is  also  added  to  the 
"mix."    The  moss,    when  moistened, 


will  take  any  shape  like  ordinary  fire 
clay,  and  is  dried  and  burned  in  the 
same  manner. 


Lord  Kelvin  says  that  the  earth 
might  be  white  hot  two  thousand  feet 
below  the  surface,  or  as  cold  as  ice 
fifty  feet  below,  without  changing  our 
present  climate.  He  attributes  the  in- 
tensely hot  climate  of  an  earlier  age  to 
greater  heat  of  the  sun. 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

/Assay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

BLDESTONE,     LEAD    PIPE,     SHEET     LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 


Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

mine  and  7WHI    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco 

We  would  call  the  attention 


^--^     We  would  call  the  attention ■- 

^    [     of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-  CCLM-C^gS^y 

ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  \^.___r7e^ 

panies,  Prospectors,  etc.,  to    X^l^-^' 

our   full    stock   of   Balances, 

Furnaces, Muffles,  Crucibles, Scoriflers,  etc., 

including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILS0N  &  C0.,<O> 

—Manufacturers  of— 
STEAn   ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  alt  kinds  of 
♦    -f    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING.  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 

FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  N  <fc  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


FXDR    SALE. 

1  Latest  Improved  Bruckner  Furnace. 

2  Chlorinating  Cylinders  of  cast  iron,  lead  lined. 
1  set  Krom  Rolls. 

The  above  in  use  but  a  short  time.    For  sale 
cheap.    Address       L.  C.  S.,  Box  A., 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press  Office,  S.  F. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 


Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  -flS-Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notioe 

611  and  613  FRONT  ST.,  San  Francisco,  Cai. 


Professional  Cards. 


WM.  GILBERT.  B.  S..  Manager. 

PRACTICAL     ENGINEERING     SCHOOL. 

205  Goodnough  B'ld'g,  Portland,  Or. 

t  Civil,    Electrical,    Steam,    Mining-.    Assaying-, 
t  Full  charge  of  plant  taught.    Circular. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office.  \ 

W.  N.  JEHU,    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

j  628   Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco.  , 

Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

1  Ore  Assays,  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  < 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  j 

Electrical  and.  Mining  Engineering. 

1  Surveying1,  Architecture,  Drawing-  and  Assaying,  i 
723  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR. 
i  A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President.  \ 

S  Assaying  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  C 
V      Assay.  $25;  Blowpipe  ABaay,  $10.    Full  CourBe  f 
of  Assaying,  $50,    Established  1864. 
Send  for  Circular. 


P 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

Examination,  Surveys,  and  Reports  upon  ' 
i  Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

)  Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes-  j 
I  tic  use.  irrigation,  and  the  production  of  , 
C  power.  General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and  J 
c  planB  prepared.  Construction  work  superln-  ! 
I  tended.    Correspondence  solicited.  ' 

Kes.— 923  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


<  K 


Almarin   B.   Paul,   M.   E., 
Mining:  Operator, 

ROOM  5.  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  FranciBCO. 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
ing on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the 
procuring. of  suitable  Machinery  forlntereBt 
in  Developed  Mines. 

Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED 
CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent 
instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
practical  scale. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, ' 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Franoisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  ) 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  ( 
ores. 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines ;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


!  Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

I  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and 
\  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
,  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
(  relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1318  E  Street, 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  TJ.  S.  A. 


msm 


Business     College, 
24  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY -FIVE    DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type-Writing 
Bookkeeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  Bixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  Qualified 
instructor.  The  course  Is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


tEH  WELL  MACHINERY™* 

All  kinds  of  t  vol-.  Foriuno  for  ( be  driller  by  uaiiiR  our 
Adamantine  process;  can  take  aoore.  Perfected  Ecooom 
leal  Artesian  Pumping:  Rles  to  work  by  8te»m,  Air,  etc 
LetiiBhfllpT.nl.  THE  AMERICAN  WELL  WORKS, 
tai-ors,   111. |    Chicago,  lll.i    D filial,  Tax. 


March  9,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


is  3 


Mechanical   Progress. 

A  New  Electric  Locomotive. 

A  unique  electric  locomotive  is  build- 
in-;  ut  Boston,  Mass.  The  distinctive 
feature  of  the  invention  is  the  substitu- 
tion of  a  piston  and  cylinder  instead  of 
the  usual  rotary  power.  The  cylinder 
is  much  longer  than  for  steam  pur- 
poses, and  has  in  its  interior  a  series 
of  uiLignets.  The  piston  passes  entirely 
through  the  cylinder,  with  crossheads 
at  either  end.  ( >n  the  piston  within 
the  cylinder  is  a  series  of  armatures  of 
peculiar  construction. 

On  the  axle  of  the  driving  wheels  are 
commutators,  whose  function  is  to 
apply  and  cut  off  the  eliM-tric  current, 
just  as  the  eccentrics  control  the 
steam  of  the  steam  engine.  The  princi- 
ple of  the  machine,  which  is  of  8-H.  P., 
is  the  admission  of  the  current  to  the 
magnets  in  the  cylinder,  which  are  in 
advance  of  the  piston  rod,  and  by  their 
action  on  the  armatures  the  piston  rod 
is  moved  forward.  As  the  stroke  is 
ended,  the  current  is  shut  otf  from  the 
magnet  first  charged  and  applied  to 
those  at  the  rear  of  the  piston,  giving 
it  a  reverse  motion,  thus  maintaining  a 
strong,  regular  motion.  There  is  abso- 
lutely no  back  pressure  from  the  elec- 
tric current,  while  in  a  rotary  motor 
this  is  estimated  at  twenty  per  cent  of 
the  force  applied. 

It  is  practicable  to  run  the  machine 
at  200  revolutions  of  the  axle  per  miu- 
ute,  and  with  a  driving  wheel  eight 
and  one-half  feet  in  diameter,  and  the 
crank  pin  three  feet  from  the  center, 
there  would  be  a  six-foot  stroke  under 
a  full  head  of  power.  The  machine  is 
adapted  to  receive  the  electric  current 
either  by  a  trolley  wire,  a  third  rail  in 
the  track,  or  from  a   storage  battery. 

How  To  Make  an  Engineer. 


Speaking  at  a  meeting  of  the  Leeds 
Association  of  Engineers,  on  the  1st  of 
December,  Mr.  W.  Clayton,  M.  Inst. 
C.  E.,  who  presided,  said  that  we  were 
told  we  were  not  to  compete  with  for- 
eign rivals,  because  Continental  people 
had  superior  technical  education.  It 
was  nothing  of  the  kind.  Continental 
nations  were  able  to  compete  with  us 
because  they  could  supply  at  lower 
prices,  and  that,  in  turn,  was  because 
men  worked  longer  hours  for  less 
money.  Technical  education  was  a 
good  servant,  but  a .  bad  master,  and 
conducted  on  the  Hues  at  present  pur- 
sued in  this  country,  would  lead  to  noth- 
ing but  disaster.  It  was  no  use  sending 
a  lad  for  three  years  to  a  technical 
school,  and  then  at  nineteen  or  twenty 
years  of  age  giving  him  a  few  months' 
experience  in  a  workshop.  To  make  a 
good  engineer,  the  good  old  plan  of  ap- 
prenticeship must  be  adopted.  Let  a 
boy  get  used  to  his  work,  and  then  let 
him  learn,  what  he  could  never  do  at  a 
college,  business  habits.  This  was  the 
only  way  to  make  an  engineer,  and  no 
other  way  would  be  successful. — Scien- 
tific American. 


In  the  great  majority  of  cases  it  pays 
to  do  things  the  best  you  are  capable 
of,  regardless  of  the  expense  of  time 
and  material  required.  The  mechanic 
often  meets  with  conditions  under 
which  he  is  tempted  to  "  rush  things  " 
to  a  degree  which  forbids  anything  but 
the  shabbiest  work.  It  may  seem  at 
the  time  that  the  circumstances  justify 
it,  but  he  generally  finds  afterwards,  if 
he  has  yielded  to  the  temptation,  that 
palpable  loss  resulted  from  his  haste. 
The  circumstances  are  rare  which 
really  recommend  makeshift  work.  The 
mere  fact  that  a  man  has  underesti- 
mated the  price  of  a  piece  of  work,  or 
the  time  in  which  it  could  be  finished,  is 
of  itself  no  reason  for  shoddy  execution 
— in  nine  cases  out  of  ten. 


Those  who  have  traveled  much  by 
rail  are  more  or  less  acquainted  with 
the  hot  box.  A  hot  box,  as  it  is  com- 
monly called,  really  means  a  hot  journal 
bearing  on  a  hot  journal,  or  both.  It 
arises  sometimes  from  the  use  of  poor 
material  in  the  bearing,  sometimes  on 
account  of  imperfect  casting  and  some- 
times from  too  great  weight  upon  the 


bearing,  producing  friction  and  heat. 
There  are  now  fewer  hot  boxes  than 
formerly.  Some  of  the  heaviest  cars 
arc  now  carried  upon  six-wheeled 
trucks,  thus  distributing  the  weight  of 
each  end  of  the  car  upon  six  journal 
bearings  instead  of  four,  and  reducing 
the  danger  of  excessive  friction.  Bet- 
ter materials  are  used,  and  the  work- 
manship upon  them  is  better;  weights 
to  be  carried  are  calculated  more  nicely 
and  greater  care  is  exercised  in  opera- 
tion, so  that  the  hot  box  is  not  what  it 
once  was.  A  man  thoroughly  familiar 
with  railroading,  who  made,  not  long 
ago,  a  trip  of  10,000  miles,  which  in- 
cluded points  as  far  apart  as  the  City 
of  Mexico,  San  Francisco  and  Chicago, 
said  he  did  not  encounter  a  hot  box  un- 
til he  was  within  twenty  miles  of  New 
York  on  his  return. 


SOME  ENGINEERS  do  not  clearly  under- 
stand why  an  engine  is  so  wasteful  of 
the  heat  units  derived  from  coal  com- 
bustion. We  are  told  by  the  scientists 
that  only  about  six  or  eight  per  cent  of 
the  total  heat  value  of  coal  is  utilized  in 
the  engine  by  heating  transformed  into 
power.  In  tracing  up  this  loss  the  en- 
gineer is  told  that  it  requires  1202°  of 
heat  or  heat  units  (not  degrees  of  tem- 
perature) to  change  one  pound  of  wa- 
ter into  steam.  During  the  absorption 
of  this  amount  of  heat  the  temperature 
of  the  water  remains  at  212°.  This  im- 
mense amount  of  steam  is  rendered 
latent,  and  does  not  sensibly  affect  the 
thermometer.  The  cause  of  the  loss  in 
the  steam  engine  is  then,  that  the  990° 
absorbed  by  water  in  being  transformed 
into  steam  (212°  are  apparent  upon  a 
thermometer,  which  added  to  990°  make 
up  the  1202°  mentioned  above)  go  into 
the  engine  unindicated  by  the  ther- 
mometer and  they  leave  in  the  same 
manner,  and  go  to  waste.  This,  then, 
is  the  main  cause  of  the  heat  loss  in 
steam  engines. 

In  handling  heavy  machinery  it  is 
necessary  to  take  every  possible  ad- 
vantage. If  three  sticks  of  timber  can 
be  procured  and  set  up  at  an  angle, 
with  the  upper  ends  lashed  tightly  to- 
gether, a  support  is  thus  formed  for 
the  hoisting  tackle,  with  which  almost 
any  machine  can  be  quickly  unloaded 
from  wagon  or  railroad  car.  Some- 
times two  sticks  of  timber  are  avail- 
able when  three  cannot  be  had.  The 
two  may  then  be  lashed  together  and 
erected,  being  held  in  place  by  two  guy 
ropes.  Sometimes  even  two  sticks 
cannot  be  had  and  the  work  must  be 
done  with  one.  When  reduced  to  the 
use  of  a  single  mast  at  least  three,  and 
better  four,  guy  ropes  are  necessary. 
The  guys  may  be  quickly  tightened  by 
the  use  of  a  small  rope  tackle,  and 
when  once  in  place,  machines  can  be 
easily  handled  by  a  heavy  tackle  sus- 
pended from  the  top  of  the  mast. 


The  journal  La  MetaHurgie  describes 
a  steam  hammer  patented  during  the 
past  year,  in  which  the  hammer  proper 
constitutes  an  air  cylinder.  In  this 
cylinder  moves  a  piston  actuated  by  a 
crank,  connecting  rod  and  lever  from 
the  driving  shaft  of  the  machine;  and 
the  cylinder  is  pierced  by  holes,  con- 
nected interiorly  one  with  another  and 
placed  equidistant  from  its  ends,  allow- 
ing a  free  entrance  and  exit  of  air.  By 
virtue  of  the  movements  of  the  piston 
and  of  the  cylinder  or  hammer,  which 
at  certain  instants  are  opposed,  the 
holes  are  closed  by  the  piston  and  the 
air  remaining  below  or  above  serves  to 
give  elasticity  to  the  movements  of  the 
hammer. 

When  large  boxes  are  filled  with 
babbitt  metal  the  lining  is  frequently 
found  loose.  This  is  caused  by  contrac- 
tion of  the  metal  during  solidification. 
It  is  necessary  to  tighten  such  a  lining 
by  hammering  the  entire  surface  of  the 
soft  metal.  A  ball  pene  hammer  should 
be  used,  and  the  entire  surface  of  the 
babbitt  hammered  over,  after  which 
the  box  should  be  bored  out  in  the  lathe 
to  the  required  size. 

Commodore  Melville.  U.  S.  N.,  ex- 
presses the  opinion  that  not  only  speed 
but  maximum  economy  in  fuel  will  be 
attained  through  the  use  of  the  triple 


screw  in  steamships,  each  acting  inde- 
pendently of  the  others,  the  center  one 
alone  being  used  for  slow  cruising. 
Other  expert  naval  engineers  concur 
in  this  opinion. 


Ti i k  trade  winds  are  the  prime 
motors  of  ocean  currents.  They  cause 
a  surface  drift  of  no  great  velocity 
over  vast  areas  of  water  in  the 
same  general  direction  as  that  in 
which  they  blow.  These  drifts,  after 
meeting  and  combining  their  forces, 
eventually  impinge  on  the  land.  They 
are  diverted  and  concentrated  and  in- 
creased in  speed.  They  either  pour 
through  passages  between  islands,  as 
in  the  Caribbean  sea,  or  are  pressed  up 
by  the  land  and  escape  by  the  only 
outlet  possible,  as,  for  example,  the 
Strait  of  Florida,  and  form  a  great 
ocean  current  like  the  Gulf  Steram. 


Engineers  have  figured  out  that 
Niagara  would  continue  to  pour  for  100 
years  if  the  sources  of  supply  of  the 
Great  Lakes  should  be  dried  up.  Other 
engineers  calculate  that  when  the  Chi- 
cago canal  is  finished  and  in  operation, 
the  water  level  in  the  lakes  will  be 
lowered  nine  inches — perhaps  much 
more. 


i  RUPTURE! 

IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  horn  In — commonly  called 
rupture — was  Incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  Is  both  dangerous 
to  life  aud  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  SO  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  haB  been  mak- 
ing gome  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  i  h»me  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  his  office 
ouce  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
1b  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


*  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

110  £  112  HKAI.K  STREET,  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps,    -f    Steam  Engines. 

.     .    AU  Kinds  of  MACHINERY.    . 


$ 


Founded  by  Mat  fate  Caret/,  1785. 

HENRY    CAREY    BAIRD    &     CO.. 

Industrial    Publishers.     Booksellers     and 

Importers. 

810  Walnut  St..  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 

*9"OurNew  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientitlc  Boohs.  88  Pages,  8vo.,  and  our  othor 
Catalogues  and  Circulars,  tbe  whole  covering  every 
branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  freeand 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  In  any  pan  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 

THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

THADE   HARK. 


<M*WtTHUR-FOm»T  PKOCUO 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -         £110.000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  proflt,  the  MacARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney:  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPree  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Oood  and  Cheap. 


manufactured  by 
\A/m.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO. 

AIbo  Manufacturers  of 

Gary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin 

ery,  Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 

Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 

MQ    Beale-    St.,    San   Francisco. 


EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 

SAN  FRANCISCO^ 

Pioneer  Screen  Vl/orks! 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals,  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  PlanlBh.  Zinc.  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

»*♦ MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. V 

22  t  and  233  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


SSK'gSSl  Agents.  $75 

■  week.  Exclusive  territory.    The 

llajiW  DIahWuher.  Washes  alllbe 

dishes  for  a  Tamil;  Id  one  minute. 

Waahea,   rimes  and  drica  them 

v.ithoui  wetting  Hi"  banda.     You 

pusb  the  button,  tbemachlncdoea 

tbe  rest.  Bright,  polished  dlsbea, 

and  cheerful  wlvea.     No  scalded 

^fingers, Dosoiledhandaor  clothing. 

ftlo  broken  dlahea,nomuBa.  Cheap. 

durable,  warranted.  Circulars  free 

W.  P.  HARRISON  .1-  CO.,  Clerk  No.  13,  Col  urn  bum  O. 


FOR    SALE. 

The  Whole  or  Half  Interest  in  a  good  quartz 
mine  (last  assay  $70.34  per  ton).  Three  immense 
ledges  of  4000  feet  long,  600  feet  wide,  crosscut 
showing  thirty  feet  of  quartz;  plenty  water  and 
timber  on  the  ground;  only  three  miles  from  melt- 
ing works ;  good  reason  for  selling.  Selling 
price.  $30,000  for  whole  mine.    Address 

E.  R.,  1405  Bush  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


INVENTORS,       Take       Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

226  Market  St.,  N,  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  braBBwork.  All  communica- 
tions itrictly  confident iul. 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specialty,  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  steel. Cast  { 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron.  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Scheen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

OF  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

Room  1.       -       426  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


T?5Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City.  Utah. 


154 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  9,  1896. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals! 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 

mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 
MIXING    ITEMS. 

GrOVEB. — Record:  Another  change  has  taken 
place  in  the  affairs  of  this  mine.  J.  M.  Mc- 
Donald, at  whose  expense  the  mine  has  been 
kept  free  from  water  for  the  past  five  months, 
has  withdrawn  from  the  undertaking,  and 
notified  all  parties  concerned  that  he  will  no 
longer  he  responsible.  An  agreement  has 
been  entered  into  between  the  company  and 
C.  E.  Purington,  by  the  terms  of  which  the 
latter  is  to  take "  immediate  charge  of  the 
Gover  property,  and,  it  is  said,  proceed  to 
work  it.  He  wishes  to  make  arrangements 
with  the  creditors  to  enable  him  to  work  the 
property,  and  is  expected  to  be  up  here 
shortly  for  that  purpose. 

Zeila.— All  the  heavy  work  in  the  repairing 
of  the  mill  is  through  with  except  placing  the 
mortars  and  stamps  in  position.  Two  of  the 
mortars  were  on  the  ground  the  first  of  the 
week,  and  another  was  expected  Tuesday. 
The  concentrator  floor  is  being  renewed.  It 
is  expected  that  another  month  will  find  the 
entire  works— mill,  mine  and  reduction  plant- 
ready  for  entering  upon  another  protracted 
era  of  gold  production. 

Zeila  Chlorination  Works.  —  After  the 
longest  life  probably  on  record  for  such  works, 
the  furnaces  of  the  Zeila  chlorination  works 
are  being  rebuilt.  The  furnaces  lasted 
fourteen  years — in  fact,  ever  since  the  re- 
sumption of  work  at  the  mine  by  the  present 
company.  For  five  years  and  fifteen  days  from 
the  commencement  of  operations  the  fires 
were  never  extinguished,  and  at  the  expira- 
tion of  this  protracted  period  of  service  the 
doors  only  had  to  be  renewed — not  that  they 
were  actually  worn  out,  but  had  become  so 
uueven  as  to* give  the  employes  considerable 
trouble  in  scraping  out  thesulphurets.  After 
repairs  the  works  ran  until  the  present  time. 
The  furnaces,  notwithstanding  the  unparal- 
leled record  of  longevity,  were  not  completely 
worn  out.  It  was  not  absolutely  necessary  to 
rebuild  them.  They  would  doubtless  have 
done  good  service  for  years  yet,  with  slight 
repairing.  But  inasmuch  as  a  cessation  for 
over  a  month  was  inevitable,  and  as  the  ca- 
pacity of  the  old  works  was  unequal  to  keep- 
ing pace  with  the  product  of  the  mine,  it  was 
deemed  advisable  to  rebuild  on  a  larger  scale. 
The  old  furnaces  were  of  three  tons  capacity, 
aud  somewhat  overworked  at  that.  The  new 
furnaces  will  be  of  from  8%  to  4  tons  capacity. 
With  a  practically  new  mill,  it  is  expected 
that  considerable  more  rock  will  be  crushed 
per  day  by  the  forty  stamps  than  of  late  years, 
and  even  with  the  increased  size  of  the  chlor- 
ination works,  it  is  expected  that  enough 
sulphurets  will  be  turned  out  to  keep  them 
steadily  running  to  theirfullestcapacity.  The 
extended  life  of  the  Zeila  reduction  plant  is 
deserving  of  special  note.  Ex-State  Mineralo- 
gist Irelan  is  reported  to  have  stated  that  he 
believed  the  experience  of  the  Zeila  was  with-  ! 
out  a  parallel  in  any  mining  region  on  the 
globe.  Mr.  Detert,  when  the  old  works  were 
first  started,  said  he  would  make  them  last 
without  repairs  for  five  years,  and  this  limit 
was  exceeded  by  fifteen  days.  Bat  a  life  of 
fourteen  years  without  complete  renewal 
would  have  been  laughed  at  as  utterly  un- 
attainable. 

The  five-stamp  mill  of  the  Smith  Bros.,  on 
the  Clough  claim,  came  to  a  stoppage  for  a 
week  owing  to  a  break-down,  which  necessi- 
tated sending  to  San  Francisco  to  replace  the 
broken  machinery.  The  mill  is  again  running. 
No  cleanup  has  yet  been  made. 

Twenty  stamps  of  the  Keystone  mine  are 
running. 

Another  strike  of  rich  ore  is  reported  in  the 
Mayflower  mine.  Rock  heavily  charged  with 
free  gold  has  been  lately  taken  out. 


Loss  of  Gold. — The  loss  of  gold  in  quartz 
and  other  forms  of  mining  is  much  greater 
than  most  people  imagine.  T.  W.  Reesce 
says  that  sixteen  years  ago  at  Cherokee  an 
undercurrent  was  placed  at  the  end  of  the 
tail  race  a  mile  and  a  quarter  below  the  head 
of  the  flume.  Twenty-four  of  these  under- 
i-urrents  were  placed  along  the  upper  part  of 
the  big  flume,  and  these  were  supposed  to 
save  every  pennyweight  of  ore  from  the  mine. 
This  last  undercurrent  was  put  in  simply  as 
an  experiment,  hut  in  six  months  when  it  was 
cleaned  up,  between  six  and  seven  hundred 
dollars  were  obtained. 

Calaveras. 

Has  sot  Closed  Dows.-A'c/m:    The  Pros- 
pect of  last  week  had  some  grievous  errors  in 
regard  to  the  Central   Hill  mine  at  Douglas 
Flat.      That    paper  stated   that    the  Debris 
Commissioners  had  ordered  that  operations  he  ! 
suspended    at    the    mine.     On   the  contrary,  j 
Messrs.  Kidder  and  Huer,  the  Commissioners  i 
who  inspected  the  property  a  couple  of  weeks  j 
ago,  authorized  the  owners  to  begin  hydraul-  j 
icking  when  a  restraining  dam  is  constructed,  i 
The  site  selected  for   the   dam  is  about  200 
yards    from   the  mouth  of  the   tunnel.    The 
dam  will  be  ten  feet  high,   but,   of  course,  it 
will  be  added  to  from  time  to  time   as  it  fills 
up.     It  will  be  finished  in  a  couple  of  weeks, 
when  the  Commissioners  will  again  inspect  it 
and  determiue  whether  it  was  built  according 
to  specifications.     Meantime,  the  companv  is 
sluicing  as  usual. 

A  Hydraulic  Mix  e  Closed.  —Prosper/;  Mur- 
phys  seems  to  be  out  of  luck,  and  now  has  re- 
ceived another  black  eye  by  the  closing  down 
of  the  Bisbee,  McCormick  &  Thomas  hydraulic 
mine  at  Central  Hill.  This  mine,  after  the  ex- 
penditure of  thousands  of  dollars  in  running  a 
tunnel  to  tap  the  mine,  is  forced  to  suspend 
operations  just  as  the  owners  were  about  to 
realize  some  return   for   their  expenditure. 


Though  the  debris  from  this  mine  is  carried 
over  land,  and  the  right  of  way  owned  by  the 
owners  of  the  mine  for  many  miles,  before  it 
reaches  the  upper  course  of  the  Stanislaus, 
which  is  not  a  navigable  stream,  all  opera- 
tions most  be  stopped  for  want  of  restraining 
dams.  Hon.  John  F.  Kidder  and  Major  W.  H. 
Huer,  Debris  Commissioners,  went  up  Friday, 
and  after  visiting  the  ground  ordered  opera- 
tions to  cease.  It  is  thought  that  dams  can 
be  built  at  small  expense  that  will  enable  the 
mine  to  resume.  Meanwhile  the  season  for 
hydraul  icking  passes  away  and  the  owners 
must  go  down  in  their  pockets  for  coin. 
Del  Norte. 

The  Usual  Claim. —Record;  We  learn 
there  are  parties  from  Portland  here  who 
have  a  black-sand  mining  machine  of  their  in- 
vention, which  will  be  put  up  and  thoroughly 
tested  on  the  beach  below  town.  The  owners 
of  this  machine,  like  those  in  the  past  who 
have  been  here  with  devices  of  the  same 
kind,  claim  that  it  will  save  all  the  gold  in  the 
sand  without  a  doubt. 


The  North  Bloomfield  Mine.— The  ditch 
of  the  North  Bloomfield  gravel  mine  has  been 
closed  for  over  two  months,  with  small  pros- 
pects of  getting  it  open  again  before  early 
summer,  owing  to  landslides  and  destruction 
of  flumes  by  heavy  snows.  The  company  has 
had  some  "way  water"  for  a  short  time,  but 
a  large  landslide  above  Relief  Hill  has  cut 
that  off  and  effectually  closed  the  ditch  for 
some  time  to  come.  The  company,  it  is  said, 
will  make  no  effort  to  open  the  ditch  until  the 
snow  melts. 

The  Harmony  Mines. — Herald:  The  Har- 
mony mines  have  resumed  operations.  The 
mines  have  been  suspended  for  several  weeks, 
but  will  probably  not  be  troubled  any  more 
this  season. 

Electric  Mine. — The  Electric  mine,  which 
has  had  some  trouble  with  water  the  past 
winter,  is  gaining  on  this  difficulty  at  pres- 
ent, says  the  Telegraph.  There  are  still  two 
levels  submerged,  but  by  freeing  one  of  the 
levels  recently  an  additional  force  of  men  has 
gone  to  work."  Supt.  Coffin  states  that  there 
are  now  about  thirty  miners  engaged  at  the 
Electric. 

The  Yuba, — It  is  rumored  that  the  Yuba 
mine,  Maybert,  will  begin  operations  again 
soon.  The  Yuba  is  a  good  property,  and  if 
properly  developed  would  make  a  paying  mine 
again. 

Incorporation  Articles  Filed.—  Tran- 
sc-ript:  Articles  of  incorporation  of  the  Red 
Dog  Mining  Company  were  filed  in  the  county 
clerk's  office.  Principal  place  of  business, 
Nevada  City.  The  object  of  the  company  is 
to  purchase,  locate,  acquire  aud  operate  min- 
ing ground,  and  to  lease,  purchase  aud  acquire 
water  rights  and  ditches.  Amount  of  capital 
stock,  $30,000,  at  §1  a  share.  The  following 
are  the  directors:  John  Spaulding,  W.  F. 
Englebright,  J.  S.  Goodwin,  Martin  Law- 
rence, R.  E.  Linder  and  F.  Coding,  all  of 
whom  subscribe  for  5000  shares  each. 

Mine  Bonded. — Telegraph:  Timothy  Hur- 
ley and  others  have  bonded  the  General 
Grant  mine.  The  mine  is  located  about  half 
a  mile  southwest  of  Forest  Springs  and  is 
owned  by  Martiu  Ford,  John  Tierney  aud 
Alfred  Pemn.  There  are  two  tunnels  on  the 
mine;  one  of  them  is  about  1000  feet  in 
length.  The  ledge  is  fully  eight  inches  in 
thickness  and  the  ore  yields  §6*5  per  ton.  The 
last  work  done  on  this  mine  was  in  1S72,  and 
during  the  active  operation  of  the  mine  some 
$50,000  were  extracted  from  the  ledge.  At  a 
very  early  day  suitable  machinery  will  be 
placed  on  the  claim. 

Rich  Ore.— At  the  Champion  mine  the  rock 
is  of  extra  good  quality;  many  beautiful  and 
valuable  specimens  are  daily  extracted.  The 
mine  is  running  at  full  blast,  the  entire  thirty 
stamps  being  constantly  in  use. 

General  Notes.— The  Culverson  mine  at 
Graniteville,  which  has  been  shut  down  on 
account  of  the  water  ditch  being  blocked,  has 
started  up  again. 

The  National  resumes  operation  this  week 
under  the  supervision  of  D.  T.  Powers.  It 
will  take  about  a  month  to  pump  the  water 
out,  after  which  the  full  crew  will  be  put  to 
work  again. 

The  ten-stamp  mill  at  the  Erie  mine  will 
soon  be  remodeled  and  started  crushing  rock 
in  about  a  month.  The  tunnel  will  tap  the 
ledge  at  a  depth  of  about  700  feet. 


Mini  no  Items.  —  National-  Bulletin :  The 
Lucky  S.  mine  will  start  work  as  soon  as  the 
weather  will  permit. 

Joseph  Gruss,  superintendent  of  the  Gen- 
essee  mine,  will  shortly  resume  operations. 

At  Gopher  Hill  the  Quiucy  Mining  and 
Water  Co.  is  ready  for  a  big  season's  work. 
At  the  head  of  their  extensive  water  system 
there  is  now  probably  fifteen  feet  of  solid 
snow,  capable  of  maintaining  an  effective 
water  supply  till  late  in  the  summer.  The 
company  will  operate  on  a  large  scale. 

Pitner  Trayner,  the  superintendent  of  the 
Northern  Placer,  will  return  from  below  in  a 
few  days.  As  the  snow  is  beginning  to  melt  | 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  mine,  the  washing  of 
the  gravel  will  soon  begin.  The  iniue  is  fully 
equipped  for  active  work. 

At  Mills'  shaft  the  rain  last  week  and  the 
rapidly  melting  snows  produced  such  a  volume 
of  water  at  the  mine  as  to  cause  a  suspension 
of  work  until  there  shall  be  less  to  contend 
with.  It  is  probable  that  work  will  be  re- 
sumed underground  in  a  short  time. 

Much  activity  is  expected  at  Granite  basin 
during  the  coming  summer,  though  operations 
cannot  be  resumed  at  a  date  as  early  as  usual, 
on  account  of  the  heavy  snowfall  in"  that  sec- 
tion during  tn^e  pajst  winter.  Last  fall  that 
mining  camp  was  Visited  by  numerous  mining 
men  seeking  investment  or  hunting  for  pros- 
pects to  develop.  Several  locations  and  in- 
vestments were  made,  and  ftoubtless  more 


will  follow  during  the  coming  season.  That 
country  has  numerous  small  and  rich  veins  of 
quartz. 

Placer. 

The  Gold  Ring.— Sentinel:  The  Gold  Ring 
gravel  drift  mine  at  Green  valley,  three  miles 
south  of  Dutch  Flat,  is  at  present  doing  bet- 
ter than  at  any  time  in  its  history.  During 
the  past  month  some  fine  nuggets,  ranging 
from  §4  to  $10,  have  been  found.  Supt.  Ames 
employs  twenty-four  men.  There  are  a  num- 
ber of  promising  claims  in  Green  valley. 

The  Black  Hawk.— The  Black  Hawk  mine 
at  Forest  Hill,  formerly  the  Kirk  property, 
was  bonded  this  week  to  J.  P.  Mallette,  of 
Chicago,  for  $40,000.  He  is  the  recent  pur- 
chaser of  the  Zantgraf  mine  for  $150,000. 

Ophir  District. — The  Boulder  and  Hatha- 
way mines  at  Ophir  bid  fair  to  be  dividend- 
paying  mines.  The  Hathaway  is  owned  by 
Colgate,  the  soap  king.  At  the  Boulder 
fourteen  men  are  engaged  in  sloping,  breast- 
ing out,  and  getting  the  mine  in  shape  for 
working.  A  seservoir  has  been  cut  out  off 
from  the  main  drift,  into  which  all  the  water 
(mostly  surface)  will  be  run. 

The  Gold  Blossom.— The  Gold  Blossom  is 
at  present  at  a  standstill,  until  larger  ma- 
chinery is  put  in.  The  company  now  running 
it  under  bond  claim  that  it  will  pay,  and  pay 
big,  with  larger  machinery  capacity.  The  ore 
is  being  worked  by  the  Hopper  drying  process, 
and  it  is  claimed  that  $3  rock  will  produce 
$30,  but  it  takes  too  long  to  work  a  ton. 

The  Marguerite. — At  the  Marguerite  a 
six-horse  power  engine  and  pump  are  being 
erected,  and  in  another  week  the  working 
force  will  be  increased  to  fifteen  men. 

Riverside. 

Progress  at  Pekkis. — A  year  ago  there 
were  but  two  mills  at  work  in  the  Perris  dis- 
trict— one  a  diminutive  !  five-stamp  pros- 
pector's mill  and  the  other  an  antiquated  ro- 
tary, which  for  several  years  had  been  worked 
on  the  Good  Hope.  There  was  also  a  five- 
stamp  mill  lying  idle  on  the  Menifee  mine  at 
Menifee.  Since  then  a  twenty-stamp  mill 
has  been  erected  on  the  Good  Hope,  a  ten- 
stamp  on  the  Santa  Rosa,  a  five-stamp  on  the 
Santa  Fe  and  a  five-stamp  on  the  Alice  mine. 
Besides  these,  mills  have  been  put  up  on  the 
Infidel  and  Briggs  mines,  and  all  are  bringing 
in  fair  returns  to  their  owners. 

San  Bernardino. 

Rich  Gold  Strike.— McHanly  Bros,  report 
locating  a  ledge  in  the  Pinon  district,  sixty 
miles  east  of  Banning,  on  the  borders  of  River- 
side and  San  Bernardino  counties,  which  gave 
$015  gold  from  three  tons  worked  at  Ting- 
man's  mill. 

San  Diego. 

Thomas  Kaine  has  sold  to  Amanda  J.  Page 
for  $400  the  Bonanza  quartz  mine  and  the 
Golden  Deposit  placer  claim  in  Mesquite  min- 
ing district. 

Sierra. 

Mining  Activity. — Messenger:  Five  stamps 
are  runuing  at  the  Wm,  Tell  mill,  and  the 
quartz  is  said  to  pay  very  well.  Forty  stamps 
are  running  at  the  Bonanza  mine  and  fifty- 
five  men  are  working  there,  many  of  whom 
are  from  Downieville.  The  Sierra  Buttes 
miners  have  been  clearing  the  company's 
large  flume  of  snow  to  bring  in  water,  and  are 
now  ence  more  working  in  the  mine.  It  is  re- 
ported on  good  authority  that  the  Bigelow 
ledge  will  be  reopened  this  coming  summer 
and  operated  on  an  extensive  scale.  Many 
men  are  unemployed,  but  will  soon  be  busy 
again. 

Siskiyou. 

Mixing  Notes. — A  company  from  Oregon, 
Messrs.  Fulton,  Espy,  Denio  and  Hunter, 
have  bought  from  Quinne  &  Simmons  forty 
acres  of  mining  ground  on  Rocky  Gulch,  to  be 
worked  by  hydraulic  process.  A  200-horse 
power  pump  is  to  be  placed  at  Shasta  river, 
and  operated  by  water  power  in  extending 
the  electric  light  plant  ditch  500  feet  farther 
down  the  river  for  securing  sufficient  pressure 
upon  a  large  wheel.  The  water  from  the 
river  is  to  be  forced  through  1100  feet  of  pipe, 
to  an  elevation  400  feet  above  the  river,  then 
carried  through  a  flume  three-quarters  of  a 
mile  to  the  diggings.  The  water  will  flow 
down  into  Yreka  creek,  and  thence  back  to 
Shasta  river  again,  nearly  two  miles  above 
where  it  is  taken  out,  and  if  extended  to 
Greenhorn,  across  Yreka  flats,  would  run 
back  into  the  river  just  the  same  by  reaching 
Yreka  creek,  of  which  Greenhorn  is  a  tribu- 
tary. The  cost  will  approximate  $25,000.  It 
will  take  about  $15,000  more  to  place  it  in 
working  order,  by  using  a  wheel,  pump,  build- 
ing flume,  etc.  It  is  expected  everything 
will  be  in  readiness  to  commence  taking  out 
gold  in  about  ninety  days.  The  claim  is  two 
miles  north  of  Yreka. 

The  hydraulic  mines  at  Oro  Fino  are  being 
worked ;  there  is  an  abundance  of  water  to 
keep  the  giants  well  supplied  for  continuous 
piping.  The  water  supply,  owing  to  the  great 
quantity  of  snow  on  the  mountains,  will  last 
until  very  late  in  the  season,  giving  assurance 
of  the  greatest  yield  of  gold  ever  realized  in 
that  rich  mining  camp. 

At  Little  Humbug  and  Horse  Creek,  on  the 
Klamath  river,  above  and  below  Oak  Bar,  the 
miners  are  at  work  in  their  placer  claims. 

The  miners  at  Indian  Creek  are  commencing 
to  get  ready  for  mining,  now  that  the  snow  is 
melting  rapidly  to  furnish  plenty  of  water. 

The  Red  Hill  hydraulic  mine,  in  Black  Bear 
district,  Salmon  river,  is  being  worked  on  an 
extensive  scale.  A  large  yield  of  gold  is  an- 
ticipated this  season. 

The  mining  companies  at  Cottonwood  are 
making  preparations  for  extensive  operations. 
Jillson  &  Co.  and  the  Black  Jack  Co.  will 
start  their  new  quartz  mills  in  a  few  days,  to 
crush  the  blue  gravel  cement  from  their 
claims,  which  prospect  very  rich. 

Tuolumne. 

The  Lady  Washington  Mine.— This  mine 
adjoinn  the  Eureka  and  Dead  Horse  mines  to 


the  north,  and  is  located  on  the  west  side  of 
the  mountain  slope,  that  rises  from  the  north 
fork  of  the  Tuolumne  river  2500  feet  to  apex. 
It  is  further  situated  in  the  Summersville 
mining  district.  A  very  rich  strike  of  un- 
usual importance  has  just  taken  place  in  the 
above  mine  which  demands  more  than  a  pass- 
ing or  casual  notice  from  the  fact  that  this 
particular  vein  has  heretofore  escaped  the  ob- 
servation of  the  past  owners  of  the  mine.  The 
Messrs.  Rule  and  Doe  have,  during  the  last 
few  months,  spent  considerable  money  pros- 
pecting and  developing  the  property.  Their 
work  was  confined  to  the  east  vein  principally 
but  about  three  weeks  ago.  The  Messrs. 
Rule  made  a  careful  examination  of  the  sur- 
face surroundings  to  try  and  find  another  vein 
that  was  known  to  exist,  and  known  as  the 
west  vein,  being  on  the  true  footwall,  and  is 
granite.  Tlie  hanging  is  slate,  hence  a  con- 
tact vein.  Having  thoroughly  explored  the 
mountain  side,  they  were  rewarded  by  finding 
some  croppings  and  a  sign  of  a  footwall.  De- 
termined to  enter  a  tunnel  at  that  site,  which 
is  200  feet  below  any  of  the  works  on  the  east 
vein,  they  quickly  struck  quartz.  The  tunnel 
is  now  entered  18  feet,  disclosing  a  12-foot 
solid  lode  which  shows  free  gold  disseminated 
through  the  whole  mass  from  wall  to  wall. 
The  gold  is  fine,  but  in  such  quantities  that 
is  easily  visible  to  the  naked  eye.  This  rock 
will  mill,  on  a  most  conservative  estimate, 
S100  per  ton.  They  have  already  passed 
through  several  feet  of  this  rich  ore  body. 
The  rock  in  the  breast  is  of  the  same  bonanza 
character.  To  what  distance  this  shoot  will 
run  is  only  a  matter  of  conjecture.  From  the 
floor  of  this  tunnel  to  apex  of  lode  gives  1100 
feet  of  backs,  or  from  their  lowest  tunnel 
level  will  give  2300  feet.  Hence  it  will  be 
seen  that  this  rich  find  is  of  the  greatest  im- 
portance. This  development  actually  makes 
a  new  mine  of  the  Lady  Washington.  This 
discovery  has  infused  untold  encouragement 
to  all  the  mines  in  the  vicinity.  Prospecting 
in  every  direction  is  the  result  of  the  impetus 
given  by  this  new  find.  I  am  pleased  to  be 
able  to  state  that  the  Seminole  group  of 
mines  are  looking  exceedingly  well!  Their 
present  mill  of  ten  stamps  is  pounding  away 
day  and  night  on  good  ore.  This  company 
proposes,  in  the  near  future,  to  erect  another 
mill  of  twenty  or  more  stamps  at  their  low 
tunnel  level  on  the  north  fork  of  the  Tuolumne 
river,  which  will  be  a  crosscut  to  open  up  and 
develop  the  whole  group  at  a  great  depth. 
This  step  is  a  wise  one,  as  it  will  enable  the 
management  to  work  this  ore  most  economic- 
ally. This  group  of  mines  lie  to  the  south- 
west of  the  Lady  Washington,  Eureka  and 
Dead  Horse  veins,  but  not  on  the  same  lode, 
but  may  be  found  of  equal  value  when  de- 
veloped. From  the  present  outlook  that  fact 
seems  to  be  assured.  

ALASKA. 

Juneau  to  Forty  MiLE.—Thcre  arc  sixteen 
to  eighteen  saloons  at  Juneau  and  about  the 
same  number  at  Douglas  City,  one  mile  away, 
across  the  channel.  There  arc  about  1500 
people  at  Juneau  and  about  750  at.  Douglas, 
and  400  or  500  men  out  of  emylopmcnt.  After 
reaching  Juneau  it  requires  between  $200  and 
£300  to  get  to  Forty  Mile,  which  is  about  S00 
miles  northeast,  with  bad  mountain  roads, 
rapid  streams  and  portages  to  overcome  on  the 
way.  The  placer  mines  are  about  as  far 
from  Juneau  as  Billings,  Montana,  is  from 
Seattle.  Town  lots  at  Juneau  and  Douglas 
are  held  at  high  figures. 

ARIZONA. 

Another  Mining  Deal.—  Herald;  One  of 
the  most  considerable  mining  deals  ever  con- 
summated in  this  place  was  brought  to  a  close 
yesterday  when  Major  W.  A.  Rowe  sold  to 
H.  J.  Sisty  and  W.  A.  Clark,  of  Colorado 
Springs,  the  celebrated  Shelton  group  of  gold 
mines  situated  on  Lynx  creek,  fifteen  miles 
from  Prescott.  The  purchasers  are  well 
known  in  mining  circles,  having,  not  a  great 
while  ago,  sold  the  King  Darrow  mine  in 
Cripple  Creek  district.  They  propose  to  com- 
mence work  on  an  extensive  sacle,  and  will 
erect  a  new  twenty-stamp  mill  on  the  Shelton 
properties.  The  group  consists  of  thirteen 
claims,  five  of  which  are  the  personal  prop- 
erty of  Major  Rowe,  who  regards  Lynx  creek 
as  the  coming  gold-producing  section  of  Ari- 
zona. A  year  ago  when  he  commenced  work 
there  he  says  not  a  blast  could  be  heard  going 
off.  Now  one  mill  is  running  steadily,  another 
is  about  to  start  up,  and  the  twenty-stamp 
mill  for  the  Shelton  group  wi'l  make  the  third. 
While  the  purchase  price  is  not  given,  the  re- 
porter was  assured  that  "it  is  one  of  the 
biggest  deals  for  years."  An  excursion  party 
of  Colorado  capitalists,  who  are  also  in  the 
deal,  will  soon  visit  this  section  and  the 
mines. 

The  Mammoth. — The  Mammoth  mill  is  in 
constant  operation.  About  sixty-five  men  arc 
employed.  Fifty  stamps  are  crushing  ore 
from  the  Collins  group. 

The  Del  Pasco. — Courier:  In  the  Del  Pasco 
mine,  at  a  depth  of  400  feet  in  the  700-foot 
crosscut  tunnel,  four  inches  of  solid  metal  has 
been  struck,  in  contact  between  porphyry* 
and  slate.  There  is  two  feet  of  ledge  matter 
in  the  drift  to  the  north.  The  mine  is  now 
worked  by  J.  A.  York  and  Wm.  Vauderbilt. 
It  is  a  famous  property,  which  has  produced 
§2,000,000  in  gold.  Lester  Jackson  at  one  time 
leased  it  to  Gobin  &,  Robbins,  and  they  took 
from  it  in  six  mouths  §40,000. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Concenthatok  Wohking.— The  concentrator 
of  the  Slocan  Milling  Company  below  Three 
Forks  is  running.  In  the  experimental  run 
500  tons  of  Alamo  ore  was  put  through,  yield- 
ing 200  tons  of  concentrates,  averaging  100 
ounces  silver  and  72  per  cent  lead.  In  less 
than  a  year,  since  Captain  N.  W.  Moore,  who 
is  at  the  head  of  all  the  Duluth  syndicates 
operating  here,  they  have  acquired  title  to 
over  $500,000  worth  of  mining  property,  con- 
sisting in  part  of  the  Ivauhoe  and  Elgin,  the 
Idaho  mines  (of  which  George  VV.  Hughes 
owns  one-third),  the  Alamo  and  St.  John,  and 


March  9,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


155 


last,  the  Cumberland.     Outside  of   this  is  the 

now  i-onL-entrator  of   1(H)  tons  daily  capacity, 

which    oosl .   for   superstructure,   machinery, 

10,000. 

rhe  reopening  of  the  Comfqueal  Eaalo  lias 

taken  the  rounder  elemeut  rroni  Three  Forks 

and  left  tin-  town  much    quieter.     All    winter 

long  there  has  been  w  much  bustle  and   rush 

here  that  the  busy  Three  Porker  spelled   the 

name  of  his  town  "3  4x,"   but   now   the  mer- 

;.in  has   more  time  ut   his 

disposal. 

idaiio. 

[dauo  Mines  Bonded. —  The  Aspen  and 
Mammoth  gold  mines,  near  the  Yellow  Jacket 

in    Lemhi    county,  owned    bj    D.    U 
I  !o]     N.   J.   Sharp  and   A.  J.   Pierce, 

have  I n  bonded  to  W.  n.  Savidge  and  J.  M. 

Clark,  representing  New  York  capitalists,  tor 
180,000,  payable  in  quarterly  installments  of 
16000  each  after  July  15th,  The  ore  averages 
$16  per  ton.  The  owners  will  put  a  Force  oJ 
men  at  work  and  it  is  expected  in  a  few  weeks 
the  mini  i  □   full  operation.     Within 

two  miles  of  the  property   two  10-stamp  mills 
a  ted,  where  the  quartz  will   be  milled 
for  the  present.     It  is  the   intention    to   build 
a  stump  mill  with  modern  improvements. 

A  copper  miue  ou  Lost  river,  in  Custer 
county,  lias  been  bonded  to  Loudon  and  Now 
York  capitalists,  by  Colonel  N.  J.  Sharp,  A.  J. 
\i.  M.  Davidson  and  A.  B.  Reed,  for 
(75,000.  A  forty-ton  smelter  win  be  erected 
Por  the  present  the  ore  will  be  treated  in  the 
i  smelt'-r  near  the  property.  The  mine 
is  said  bo  be  one  of  the  best  copper  propositions 
in  the  state,  li  is  estimated  that  there  are 
at  least  15,000  ton's  of  ore  in  sight. 

ThbTip-Top  Property. — Idaho  Nugget:  Col. 
Bryan  is  again  back  in  Silver  City  and  the 
Tip-Top  mine  is  now  being  examined  by  ex- 
perts in  I  he  interest    of  San  PrancisCO  pari  its 

with  whom  a  deal  is  pending  for  the  organiza- 
tion of  a  stock  company,  which  will  probably 
take  charge  of  the  property.  In  the  bottom  of 
the  shaft  the  miners  are  now  encountering 
ore  quite  different  from  that  found  nearer  the 
surface.  The  ore  is  extremely  rich  in  silver, 
similiir  in  character  to  the  silver-leads  in  the 
De  Lamar  mines.  Specimens  are  being  shown 
in  Silver  City  which  run  up  to  several  thou- 
sand ounces  in  value.  These  are  not  small 
specimens,  but  great  masses.  This  rich  ore 
having  beeu  encountered  since  the  arrival  of 
the  experts,  leaves  hut  little  doubt  as  to  the 
nature  of  the  report  made  on  this  famous 
proper!  v. 

MONTANA. 

RlCD  Stkike  Reported. — The  Tribune  says: 
Thomas  Carmin,  of  Pony,  Madison  county,  re- 
ports that  he  has  struck  a  ten-inch  vein  of 
gold  ore  which  runs  $400  to  the  ton  in  the 
White  Pine  Lead. 

Thomas  Reynolds  and  other  New  York  men 
have  put  up  a  large  capital  to  control  the 
Somerset  Mining  and  Milling  Company 
groups  of  properties  on  the  Spanish  Peaks  in 
Huerfano  county,  and  will  work  them  exten- 
sively.  The  negotiations  were  made  by  Col. 
John  T.  Deweese,  and  the  bond  is  for  $800,000. 
Money  for  the  work  is  up  and  the  purchasers 
mean  business.  Work  is  to  be  commenced 
March  1st  on  a  tunnel  to  be  driven  to  great 
length  on  YVahatoya  ground  and  cut  a  number 
of  veins  which  show  good  ore  at  the  surface. 

NEVADA. 

Silver  Stab.—  There  are  about  125  men  at 
work  at  the  Silver  Star,  aDd  cabins  are  going 
up  on  the  hillsides.  The  Hardscrabble  has 
two  shafts  about  150  feet  deep,  and  claims  to 
have  4000  tons  of  $100  ore  in  sight.  There 
will  be  a  great  deal  of  prospect  work  done 
there  when  the  snow  melts. 

OREGON. 

Josephine  Go. 

ALTHotsE  District, — The  Griffin  ledge  of 
quartz  lies  on  the  ridge  between  Althouse 
and  Sucker  creeks,  three  miles  from  Brown- 
town,  and  is  being  put  in  position  to  grind  its 
ore  by  a  ten-stamp  mill.  A  wagon-road  on 
Democrat  gulch  will  be  built  this  year  at  a 
cost  of  $3000,  and  the  distance  covered  will  be 
about  eighteen  miles. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Thkee  Hundreh  Ounces.— Deadvvood  Pio- 
neer: The  cleanup  at  the  Holy  Terror,  which 
was  made  Wednesday,  netted  300  ounces  of 
gold.  This  was  only  five  days'  run  with  five 
stamps  and  is  a  very  successful  one.  The 
streak  of  ore  from  which  this  run  was  made 
still  continues  in  the  shaft  and  the  amount  cf 
the  find  cannot  be  estimated  as  yet.  Stoping 
will  commence  as  soon  as  the  100-foot  station 
is  completed.  Keystone  people  are  feeling 
very  good  about  the  result  of  the  cleanup,  and 
a  good  camp  is  an  assured  fact. 

UTAH. 

Interesting  Mining  Statistics.— Tribune: 
The  statistics  now  being  collected  and  com- 
piled under  the  direction  of  Colonel  George  B. 
Squires,  chief  of  the  Salt  Lake  County  Bureau, 
will  contain  an  interesting  and  important 
feature  concerning  the  mining  industry  and 
the  amount  of  money  that  has  been  invested 
without  return.  The  opinion  prevails  among 
the  Eastern  goldites  that  the  mountains  of 
the  West  are  solid  silver,  and  that  it  costs 
comparatively  nothing  to  produce  the  white 
metal.  Colonel  Squire's  statistics  will  show 
the  amounts  that  have  been  spent  in  develop- 
ing mines  in  the  West  Mountain  district,  and 
the  totals  are  astonishing.  Por  instance,  on 
one  group  $250,000  has  been  expended  in  de- 
velopment work,  and  on  another  $150,000,  and 
this  on  properties  that  have  not  been  pro- 
ducers. 

The  Mercuh.—  At  the  Mercur  Gold  Mining 
and  Milling  Company  two  shipments  have 
been  made.  Between  125  and  150  tons  of  ore 
are  now  being  treated  by  the  mill,  which 
takes  everything  as  it  comes  from  the  mines, 
there  being  no  waste  dump.  Assays  of  the 
tailings  from  the  plant  show  that  the  values 
are  being  saved  in  the  tanks  and  tbe  general 


operation  of  the  machinery  is  extremely  satis- 
factory. 

The  Mammi.tu. — Official  returns  received 
from  the  first  carload  of  ore  taken  from  the 
ore  bodies  recently  uncovered  ou  the  LOOO-fool 
aud  other  lower  levels  of  the  Mammoth  mine 
sIimu  that  the  strikes  just  made  are  fully  as 
important  as  the  famous  one  on  the  800-fool 
level,  out  of  which  the  company  paid  the 
greater  portion  of  its  dividends.  They  give 
an  average  of  80.6  ounces  in  gold,  8.66  ounces 
in  silver  and  a  slight  percentage  in  cnppernnd 
lead.  The  tests  having  been  made  by  three 
local  oasayers  Saturday  on  a  lot  of  nineteen 
tons  of  ore,  which  was  sold  to  the  valley 
era  during  the  afternoon.  Jt  is  under- 
Btood  that  regular  shipments  of  this  class  of 
ore  are  to  be  made  as  loug  as  the  new  deposits 
holdout.    The  value oi  this  carload  was $12,366. 

ThbGold  Mountain.— The  Gold  Mountain 
mining  district  is  to  he  equipped  with  its  first 
cyanide  plant  soon,  the  recent  tests  of  the 
ores  from  the  properties  of  the  Deseret  Min- 
iii.lt  ami  Milling  Company  having  shown  eon. 
clusively  that  the  chemicals  will  take  care  of 
the  values,  and  the  treatment  by  the  cyanide 
process  result  in  the  saving  of  practically  all 
of  the  gold  in  tbe  ores.  Average  assays  from 
the  ore  bodies  recently  opened  up  in  the  Silver 
King  give  returns  of  §35  in  gold  and  a  healthy 
showing  of  silver,  for  which  metal  the  prop- 
erty and  the  others  of  the  group  were  for- 
merly worked. 

New  Cottonwood  Company, — Tribune;  The 
Gold  Point  Mining  &  Milling  Company  with  a 
capital  stock  of  $1,500,000,  divided  into  150,000 
shares  of  the  par  value  of  §10  each,  has  filed 
articles  of  incorporation.  The  incorporators 
consist  of  1.  N.  Parker,  A.  E.  Short,  J.  L. 
May,  II.  T.  Duke,  VV.  B.  Short,  L.  P.  Palmer, 
C.  A.  Short  and  James  Y.  Smith,  each  of 
whom  have  subscribed  for  15,000  shares,  and 
all  of  whom  constitute  the  board  of  directors. 
Harry  T.  Duke  is  president;  I.-  N.  Parker, 
vice-president;  L.  B.  Palmer,  secretary,  and 
C.  A.  Short,  treasurer.  The  property  of  the 
consists  of  the  Gold  Point,  North  Bend,  Won- 
der, Standard  and  Gold  Dust,  situated  be- 
tween Big  and  Little  Cottonwood  canyons. 

Twenty  feet  of  work  upon  a  tunnel  is  said 
to  have  disclosed  three  feet  of  gold-bearing 
quartz  lying  between  the  trachyte  and 
granite,  which  shows  from  §15  to  §50  gold. 
Secretary  Palmer  states  that  the  ore  shows 
very  marked  improvement  as  proceeded  upon, 
and  that  the  development  of  the  property  will 
be  upon  a  most  energetic  scale. 

WASHINGTON. 

At  Evekett. — A  refinery  and  shot  tower 
are  contemplated  at  Everett.  The  concen- 
trator at  Monte  Cristo  will  be  started  as 
soon  as  the^  better  machinery  can  be  put  in. 
Two  large  contracts  have  been  let  for  tunnel- 
ing and  development  work  in  the  Pride  of  the 
Mountains  and  Mystery  mines,  208  men  being 
employed.  More  machinery  is  being  added 
to  the  concentrator  because  it  was  not  big 
enough  to  take  care  of  the  ore  coming  from 
the  mines  and  to  keep  a  sufficient  supply 
ahead  for  the  Everett  smelter.  President 
McBride  of  the  Monte  Cristo  Mining  Com- 
pany says  that  the  concentrator  will  ship  five 
times  as  much  ore  to  the  smelter  in  the  future 
as  it  has  in  the  past. 

WYOMING. 

A  Big  Enterprise.— J.  B.  Adams  has  com- 
pleted the  sale  of  placer  gold  mining  claims 
below  Boggs  to  New  York  and  Rhode  Island 
capitalists,  and  the  money  is  being  paid  at 
present,  says  the  Cheyenne  Sun.  This  is  a 
great  enterprise,  as  over  forty  miles  of  ditch 
may  be  constructed,  costing  about  §150,000. 
H.  B.  Gillespie,  who  has  other  property  in  the 
same  locality,  says  he  has  secured  the  neces- 
sary funds  to  build  the  Slater  and  Elk  Head 
ditches,  which  it  is  estimated  will  cost  §250,- 
000.  

Chapman  Hand   Drill. 


Realizing  the  extensive  sale  a  first-class 
hand  drill  would  have  and  the  demand  there 
was  for  a  machine  of  this  character  that 
would  give  satisfaction,  Mr.  T.  W.  Chapman, 
formerly  of  Denver,  went  to  work  in  a  sys- 
tematic manner  to  construct  a  drill  which 
would  be  light  enough  for  one  man  to  handle 
and  at  the  same  time  be  compact  and  strong. 
By  a  series  of  experiments  and  a  number  of 
years  experience  with  mining  machinery,  Mr. 
Chapman  has  at  last  secured  what  he  con- 
siders the  most  perfect  hand  drill  ever  in- 
vented, comprising  both  simplicity  and 
efficiency.  The  machine  works  upon  a  tripod 
with  the  "plunger  movement,"  and  the  drill 
is  withdrawn  from  the  breast  of  the  hole 
about  two  and  one-quarter  inches  after  each 
stroke  and  then  turns  partly  around  just  be- 
fore the  next  blow  is  given.  The  force  of  the 
blow  can  be  regulated  from  sixty  to  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  pounds,  and  it  is  claimed  one 
man  with  this  machine  can  do  more  work 
than  three  men  can  do  by  hand.  The  Chap- 
man Drill  and  Machine  Co.,  of  Chicago,  111., 
are  now  putting  this  drill  upon  the  market.  * 


The  Russian  courts  have  reversed 
the  assumption  of  the  American  tri- 
bunals that  when  a  husband  and  wife 
are  drowned  in  the  same  disaster  the 
wife  dies  first.  The  Russian  doctors 
have  testified  unanimously  that  the 
man  would  be  the  first  to  die,  because 
the  woman  is  more  agile  aud  keeps 
herself  longer  above  water. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ.  T.  Q,  CANTRELL. 

NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 

N.  W.  Cor.  Main  <$  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND   FORGINGS 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

All   work  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  ot 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  Hills. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  morp  advantageous 
terms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  for  the  manufacture  of  bis 
Patent  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
and  sold  these  mills  for  tbe  past  14  years,  we  know 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
tory testimonials  prove.  We  feel  confident,  therefore, 
that  at  tbe  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 
there  is  placed  within  tbe  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL. 

Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  LiBt. 


Hendrie  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co., 

DENVER,  COLORADO. 

LATEST   IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 


My  Eastern  Clients  will  Equip  Prospects 

For  an  interest  or  put  cush  and  good  Eastern 
property  Into  good  mineB  that  are  desirable.  Give 
full  details  and  fair  prices  and  terms,  CHARLES 
G,  BARNP,  Atty.,  Box  SOW,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


"'      -   IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 


General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


AUTOMATIC  CYLINDER  C0CK5 


"LUNKENHEinER'S"  Automatic  Cylinder  Cock  auto- 
matically drains  the  cylinder  at  each  stroke  of  the  piston, 
without  loss  of  live  steam.  It  is  intended  for  SLIDE  VALVE 
engines  and  PUMPS  only. 

This  device  will  save  its  cost  within  a  short  time. 

Simple  and  positive  in  operation.  You  cannot  afford  to  be  with- 
out it.  It  will  pay  you  to  investigate.  Get  our  Catalogue 
of  "up  to  date"  steam  specialties.  It  will  interest  you. 
Gratis  upon  request.  Specify  and  insist  on  "Lunkenheimer's." 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving;  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

;  SAM  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

vV"  Xil  803  and  655  MlBSion  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E,  G,  DENNISTON, Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated,   Send  (or  Circular, 


156 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Maich  9,  1895 


Electrical 


Progress. 


Electricity  appears  in  "full  dress" 
array  this  week  in  honor  of  the 
National  Electric  Light  Convention  at 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  The  issue  is  a  work 
of  art  and  highly  creditable  to  the  pro- 
fession.  

Motormen  on  the  Mission  street  line 
commend  the  glass  front  cars  built  by 
Hammond  &  Co.  of  this  city.  As,  com- 
pared to  the  open  cars  they  are  said  to 
be  a  great  protection  to  the  health  of 
motormen. 


It  is  said  that  the  Market  Street 
Railway  Company  conte,n plate  an  en- 
largement of  their  power-house  to 
three  times  the  present  capacity  at  an 
early  date.  This  company's  lines  will 
soon  be  entirely  electric  except  on  the 
high-grade  routes. 


The  Selby  Smelting  and  Lead  Com- 
pany are  making  a  special  grade  of 
lead  plates  for  storage-battery  pur- 
poses. The  demand  for  these  goods  is 
said  to  be  gradually  increasing,  and 
they  are  receiving  a  number  of  in- 
quiries from  different  parts  of  the 
coast  concerning  the  same. 


The  question  of  underground  con- 
duits for  electric  railway  trolley  wires 
is  again  brought  up  in  a  lengthy  article 
in  a  recent  issue  of  the  Chronicle.  In 
this  climate,  and  with  more  than  half 
of  the  routes  already  conduited  for 
cables,  this  should  not  prove  a  difficult 
task  to  successfully  accomplish. 


The  holders  of  the  franchise  for  the 
new  electric  street  railway  in  Berkeley 
intend  to  commence  work  at  once.  A 
system  of  transfers  will  be  used  in  con- 
nection with  the  Grove  street  and  Tele- 
graph Avenue  lines,  which  will  prac- 
tically provide  transportation  to  all 
parts  of  Oakland. 


The  Electrical  Review,  published  at 
"13  Park  Row,  New  York,  was  13 
years  old  last  week,  February  13th." 
Here's  a  trio  of  thirteens  that's  sure  to 
continue  good  luck  for  the  Electrical 
Review.  Long  life,  continued  success 
and  prosperity  to  you.  May  your 
light  continue  to  shine  up  to  full 
standard. 

The  unit  used  in  measuring  the 
strength  of  electric  currents  was  first 
called  "an  ampere"  by  the  French 
Electric  Congress  of  1881,  the  name 
being  given  to  it  in  honor  of  Andre 
Marie  Ampere,  the  French  scientist, 
who  elucidated  the  theory  that  the 
magnetism  of  the  earth  is  the  result  of 
electric  currents  circulating  around  it 
from  east  to  west. 


One  of  the  most  interesting  features 
of  the  N.  E.  L.  A.  Convention,  held  at 
Cleveland  last  week,  was  an  informal 
address  by  Mr.  Charles  F.  Bush,  the 
well  known  pioneer  in  high-tension 
currents  for  light  and  power  purposes. 
To  those  present  who  were  familiar 
with  the  obstacles  which  Mr.  Bush  had 
to  overcome  before  achieving  his  bril- 
liant success  this  address  must  have 
proven  of  more  than  passing  interest. 


Messrs.  Whyte  and  He  Roue,  the 
bronze  and  brass  founders  of  this  city, 
are  doing  a  large  amount  of  casting  for 
the  various  electrical  companies  and 
electric  railways.  They  are  having  a 
special  demand  at  this  time  for  their 
bronze  castings.  This  Arm  manufac- 
tured the  castings  for  the  famous  Lick 
historical  statuary  recently  erected  at 
the  City  Hall  plaza.  Their  electrical 
sales  agents  are  Messrs.  Reager  and 
Atwater  of  No.  2M  Pine  street. 


The  Eureka  Electric  Company  of 
this  city  are  making  a  special  feature 
of  their  new  electric  hand  lamp.  This 
lamp  consists  of  a  two-candle  power 
lamp  and  a  storage  battery  of  about 
the  size  of  an  ordinary  dark  lantern, 
having  a  capacity  of  from  four  to  five 
ampere  hours.  The  lamp  is  lighted  by 
the  compression  of  a  spring  circuit- 
closer  operated  by  the   thumb,  and  the 


whole  makes  a  neat  and  convenient  ap- 
paratus. Primary  batteries  are  pro- 
vided for  re-charging  the  cell  when  ex- 
hausted. 

.  During  the  Electrical  Congress  held 
at  the  Chicago  Exposition  a  committee 
was  appointed  to  consider  the  estab- 
lishment of  a  system  of  units  of  elec- 
trical measurement,  and  the  work,  in 
the  main,  was  left  with  the  celebrated 
German  physicist,  Helmholtz.  The 
death  of  this  savant  delayed  the  con- 
clusion of  the  work.  Not  until  the  last 
week  have  the  standards  been  agreed 
upon.  Now  the  matter  is  in  the  hands 
of  Prof.  O.  C.  Marsh,  of  Yale,  and  he 
will  forward  his  report  to  Washington. 

R.  Dunsmuir  &  Sons,  coal  dealers  of 
this  city,  are  now  operating  their  coal 
docks  entirely  by  electricity,  with  the 
single  exception  of  a  hoist  for  screen- 
ings, which  is  required  at  all  hours. 
The  plant  consists  of  two  90  K.  W. 
generators;  two  locomotives  of  15  H.  P. 
each;  and  three  coal  hoists  of  80  H.  P. 
each.  The  combined  capacity  of  the 
hoists  is  more  than  1000  tons  of  coal 
per  day.  The  electrical  plant  was  pro- 
vided by  the  General  Electric  Company 
and  the  steam  power  by  H.  P.  Gregory 
&  Co.  of  this  city. 

The  substitute  for  the  ordinary 
forge,  as  proposed  by  George  D.  Bur- 
ton of  Boston,  consists  of  a  method  of 
heating  by  plunging  the  metal  into  a 
vessel  of  water  and  passing  a  strong- 
current  of  electricity  through  it,  the 
apparatus  comprising  a  wooden  bucket 
containing  a  large  sheet  of  lead,  which 
forms  the  positive  pole,  and  an  iron  bar 
laid  across  the  bucket,  forming  the 
negative  pole.  The  metal  to  be  heated 
is  held  in  the  tongs,  which  are  rested 
on  this  iron  cross-piece  and  dipped  into 
the  liquid  as  desired,  thus  avoiding  all 
flexible  connections  with  the  tongs. 
Two  ordinary  nails  held  in  the  tongs 
and  dipped  in  the  liquid  are  found  to  be 
heated  to  a  welding  heat  in  a  few 
seconds,  so  as  afterward  to  be  welded 
on  an  anvil  with  a  few  blows  of  the 
hammer,  or  they  may  be  welded  by 
simply  allowing  them  to  fuse  together. 
The  solution  which  has  been  found  best 
adapted  to  this  purpose  is  a  solution  of 
ten  parts  carbonate  of  soda  and  one  of 
borax  dissolved  in  water  until  the  spe- 
cific gravity  at  70°  is  1.150. 


Excellent  reports  of  development 
and  continuous  working  are  received 
from  the  old  Empire  mine  in  Gold 
valley,  Sierra  county,  California.  The 
mine  was  bought  last  summer  by  the 
Gold  Valley  Mining  Company,  consist- 
ing of  local  and  English  capitalists.  A 
thirty-stamp  mill,  hoisting  works,  etc., 
and  a  150  h.  p.  electric  plant  were  or- 
dered in  August.  Snow  began  to  fall 
early  in  November  and  very  much  in- 
terfered with  the  hauling  of  machinery 
and  supplies.  But  by  January  1st, 
notwithstanding  the  snow  was  ten  feet 
deep,  the  electric  plant  was  completed 
and  started  up  operating  the  hoist  and 
large  air  compressor.  Ever  since 
starting,  the  machinery  has  been  in 
constant  operation  without  a  single 
stoppage  of  any  kind.  The  electric 
machinery  is  said  to  be  the  finest  ever 
erected  on  the  coast,  and  was  built 
specially  for  this  work  by  the  Elec- 
trical Engineering  Company  of  34  and 
36  Main  street,  San  Francisco.  We 
are  pleased  to  note  the  great  amount 
of  electric  work  the  Engineering  Com- 
pany has  done  in  mining  apparatus  on 
the  coast  and  the  unqualified  success 
it  has  had  in  each  instance.  The  com- 
pany has  in  its  employ  first-class  elec- 
trical and  mining  engineers,  and,  with 
its  increased  shop  facilities,  has  a  ca- 
pacity for  a  large  output  on  short 
notice. 

The  Practical  Engineer,  in  an  editorial 
on  economy  of  electricity  in  the  scat- 
tered distribution  of  power,  makes  the 
statement  that  in  using  electricity  as  a 
means  of  conveying  power,  regard  must 
always  be  had  to  the  nature  of  the 
power  it  is  to  replace.  We  are  all  fa- 
miliar with  shops  of  one  sort  and  an- 
other in  which  from  one  or  two  sets  of 
boilers  there  are  steam  pipes  carried 
long  distances  and  individual  machines 
driven  each  by  its  own   small   engine. 


Now  it  is  not  simply  that  small  engines 
in  themselves  are  so  very  wasteful; 
they  rarely  have  the  chance  of  showing 
what  they  can  do  with  good  dry  steam 
and  they  are  rarely  indicated  to  show 
what  amount  of  fuel  they  are  really 
consuming.  It  is,  however,  to  the  use 
in  them  of  steam  cooled  by  exposure  in 
long  lengths  of  pipe  that  a  large  pro- 
portion of  their  inefficiency  is  due. 
They  are  employed  because  steam  pipes 
can  be  run  easier  than  shafting,  and, 
once  fixed,  require  no  attention,  where- 
as a  shaft  calls  for  continual  attention 
in  oiling  and  maintenance.  As  between 
a  high-class  steam  engine  and  short, 
well  protected  pipes,  and  an  electric 
motor  taking  current  from  a  distant 
dynamo,  it  is  held  that  no  one  would 
doubt  the  superiority  of  the  engine. 
But  when  the  superior  engine  drives  a 
dynamo,  and  current  is  led  off  to 
motors  at  a  distance,  there  is  no  ques- 
tion but  that  this  is  superior  to  the  use 
of  small  steam  engines. — Electricity. 


Electric  Portable  Fire  Engine. 

There  can  be  little  question  that  an 
electric  portable  fire  engine  would  be 
efficient  and  thoroughly  practical  were 
the  question  of  current  supply  settled, 
and  were  it  not  that  this  part  of  the 
outfit,  if  properly  installed  and  used 
for  its  special  purpose  only,  would 
necessitate  so  great  an  outlay  of 
money.  But  it  is  not  absolutely  neces- 
sary that  a  separate  plant  should  be 
installed  for  the  electric  engine  system. 
Where  a  city  or  district  is  well  sup- 
plied with  electric  lighting,  railway  or 
power  mains,  distributed  fairly  well, 
and  all  of  the  same  nature  and  voltage, 
these  could  be  used  for  current  supply 
by  connecting  them  at  intervals  with 
suitable  taps  or  switch  boxes,  which 
would  be  easily  accessible,  and  to 
which  the  engine  motor  could  be  con- 
nected. It  would  not  be  ne.cessary  to 
have  these  switch  boxes  very  close  to 
the  water  plugs;  they  could  be  some 
distance  away,  and  the  cable,  carried 
by  the  engine,  would  be  attached  to 
the  nearest  one.  The  electric  supply 
mains  and  switch  plugs  or  boxes  would 
thus  have  to  be  only  in  the  principal 
streets  and  avenues.  The  engine  could 
be  connected  to  any  water  plug  with- 
out any  regard  to  the  location  of  the 
connection  boxes,  as  enough  flexible 
cable  could  always  be  carried  on  the 
engine  to  permit  operating  the  engines 
at  quite  some  distance  from  the  dis- 
tributing mains. — Cassier's  Magazine. 


Electrical  Transmission  of  Water 
Power. 


The  utilization  of  water  power  elec- 
trically transmitted  for  mine  operation 
is  becoming  more  popular  among  min- 
ing men,  as  each  installation  demon- 
strates not  only  the  feasibility  of  the 
system  but  also  the  economy  which 
every  such  installation  shows  when 
compared  with  pre-existing  systems 
which  it  displaces  or  which  are  in  simi- 
lar operation  elsewhere. 

A  notable  water  power  will  shortly 
be  utilized  by  the  Ontario  Silver  Min- 
ing Co.,  of  Park  City,  Utah.  This 
company  has  recently  completed  a 
drain  tunnel,  said  to  be  one  of  the 
greatest  and  most  expensive  under- 
takings ever  carried  out  by  a  mining 
company,  not  even  excepting  the  Sutro 
tunnel.  It  is  three  miles  long  and  is 
now  discharging  from  its  mouth  nearly 
1000  cubic  feet  of  water  per  minute. 
This  water,  under  a  head  of  120  feet, 
will  shortly  be  driving  large  low-fre- 
quency alternating  current  generators 
for  power  and  light — the  three-phase 
system  of  the  General  Electric  Com- 
pany being  employed.  The  three- 
phase  current  generated  from  these 
machines  will  be  transmitted  round 
the  mountain  to  the  Ontario  and  Daly 
mines,  five  and  a  half  miles  from  the 
generating  station,  and  be  used  to 
drive  the  mills  and  to  light  the  sur- 
rounding buildings.  A  portion  of  the 
current  will  also  be  taken  to  furnish 
light  to  the  neighboring  town  of  Park 
City.  The  voltage  of  the  transmitted 
current  is  2500  volts. 

At  Silverton,  Colorado,  the  motive 
power  is  also   derived   from   a  distant 


water  course.  Three  miles  away  a 
special  double-nozzle  Pelton  wheel,  four 
feet  in  diameter,  running  at  225  revo- 
lutions per  minute  under  a  head  of  ISO 
feet,  has  been  installed.  This  drives  a 
150  kilowatt  2300  volt  General  Electric- 
three-phase  generator.  The  greater 
part  of  the  current  is  taken  to  a  125- 
horse  power  induction  motor,  which 
operates  the  mill,  and  which,  wound  for 
2000  volts,  is  used  without  trans- 
formers. The  balance  of  the  current 
is  utilized  at  the  mines  for  the  opera- 
tion of  arc  and  incandescent  lamps, 
and  the  driving  of  smaller  motors 
operating  pumps,  ventilators,  etc.,  the 
pressure  of  the  secondary  current  for 
these  motors  being  reduced,  by  step- 
down  transformers,  down  to  220  volts. 
This  plant  is  a  model  three-phase 
transmission,  and  in  its  operation  since 
its  installation  has  proven  both  eco- 
nomical and  fully  satisfactory. 


At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Technical 
Society  Mr.  Medina,  of  the  Postal  Tele- 
graph Co.,  delivered  a  very  interesting 
address  on  the  "  Transmission  of  Intelli- 
gence by  Electricity,"  among  other 
things  lucidly  explaining  the  theory 
and  workings  of  the  quadruplex. 

DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 


DUMBARTON  LAND  AND  IMPROVEMENT 
COMPANY.— Location  of  principal  pkice  of  busi- 
ness, San  Francisco.  California;  location  of  works, 
in  the  counties  of  Alameda  and  Santa  Clara,  Cali- 
fornia. 

NOTICE. — There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing described  stock,  on  account,  of  assessment 
(No.  7)  levied  on  the  22d  day  of  January.  1895,  the 
several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
spective shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name  Certilicate.  Shares.  Ami. 

Charles  L.  Henton 597         200       $25  (K) 

Charles  L.  Benton 5fSS>  100         12  50 

Mrs.  Ellen  Dwycr 124  100  12  50  ) 

Edward  Fox 524  400         50  00 

Mrs.  Elma  Glover 413  no  7  50 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 450       1,200       150  00 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 487  667         83  38 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 494         5011        62  50 

Jabez  Howes.  Trustee 495         500        62  5.1 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 512  50  6  25 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 533  125         15  62 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 58(1  175         2188 

Patrick  Holland 137  50  6  25 

D.  E.  Hayes 156  40  5  00 

n.  E.  Haves 499        1 .000        125  00 

D.  B.  Hinckley 497        1.(01        125"" 

A.  Kappenman 24S  400  50  00 

Mrs.  Annie  A.  Pri (chard.  (20  50  fi  25 

Mrs.  Annie  A.  Pritchard . ...       122  Km  12  50 

H.  VV.  Quitzow 129  100  12  50 

H.  W.  Quitzow 130  ion         12  SO 

H.  W.  Quitzow 131  Km         12  50 

H.  W.  Quitzow 132  25  3  12 

H.  W.  Quitzow 133  25  3  13 

H.  W.  Quitzow 134  25  3  12 

H.  W.  Quitzow 135  50  6  25 

Mrs.  Catherine  Riminton —    216  20  2  50 

James  Spiers 498        1,000        125  00 

Mrs.  Fannie  L.  Waller 140  50  6  25 

E.  L.  Wagner 227       1,000       125  00 

L.  P.  F.Waller 525  220  27  50 

L.  P.  F.Waller 5311  1(0         12  50 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  au  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  (he  22d  day  of  Janu- 
ary, 1895,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such 
stock  as  may  be  necessary  will  be  sold  at  public 
auction,  at  the  ofllce  of  the  Company,  No.  214  Pine 
street,  on  THURSDAY,  the  21st  day  of  March, 
1895,  at  the  hour  of  2  o'clock  P.  M.  of  said  day,  to 
pay  said  Delinquent  Assessment  thereon,  together 
with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

JABEZ  HOWES,  Secretary. 
Office— 214  Pine  street,  Room  No.  5,  San  Francisco, 

California. 

NOTICE    OF    POSTPONEMENT. 

In  accordance  with  an  order  of  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  Dumbarton  Land  and  Improve- 
ment Company,  adopted  at  a  regular  meeting, 
held  on  the  26th  day  of  February,  1895,  the  day  of 
sale  for  unpaid  Assessment  No.  7  is  postponed  lo 
THURSDAY',  March  28th,  1895,  at  2  p.  M. 

JABEZ  HOWES.  Secretary. 
Oflice— 214  Pine  street,   Room  55.   San  Francisco, 

California. 


DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 

REED  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY.— Lo- 
cution of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works,  Ferguson  Min- 
ing District,  Helene,  Lincoln  county,  Nevada. 

NOTICE. — There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing described  stock,  on  account  of  assessment  No. 
1,  levied  on  the  31st  day  of  December,  189-1,  the 
several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
spective shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name.  Certificate.  Shares.  Amt. 

J.  H.  Isham,  Trustee 6  500        J 10  00 

J.  H.  Isham,  Trustee 7       2,500         50  00 

J.  H.  Isham,  Trustee 8  50  I  00 

J  H.  Isham,  Trustee SI  50  1  0(1 

J  H.  Isham,  Trustee 14      33,400       668  00 

J.  H.  Isham,  Trustee 13      73,000     1,460  00 

J.  H.  Isham,  Trustee 18      75,000     1,500  00 

Geo.  G.  Reed 15      12,857        257  14 

Geo.  G.  Reed 17       2,143         42  86 

And  in  accordance  with  law.  and  an  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  31st  day  of  Decem- 
ber, 1894,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such 
stock  as  may  be  necessary,  will  be  sold  at  public 
auction,  at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  33. 
Tenth  Floor.  Mills  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia, on  WEDNESDAY,  the  third  (3d)  dav  of 
April,  1895,  at  the  hour  of  11  o'clock  a.m.  of  said 
day.  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assessment  thereon, 
together  with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
the  sale.  J.  H.  ISHAM.  Secretary. 

Office— Room  33,  Tenth  Floor,  Mills  Building. 
San  Francisco,  California. 

Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
In  Dewey's  patent  binder,  50  cents  additional  per 
volume. 


March  9,   1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


What    a     Man's     Life     is    Worth. 

Decisions  in  two  damage  suits  against 
the  Ann  Arbor  railway  for  the  deaths 
of  William  Beaulien  ami  George  Al- 
employes  of  the  road,  were  ren- 
dered at  Toledo,  <>lii",  last  week,  by 
Judge  Ricks.  They  are  of  unusual  im- 
portance because  of  determining  the 
maximum  sum  to  be  recovered  in  fed 
eral  courts  in  cases  of  this  kind.  Judge 
Kicks  said  :  "  One  of  the  most  dillieult 
questions  I'm-  a  court  to  determine  is 
for  a  correct  and  just  measure  fur 
damages  in  a  case  of  this  kind.  Tt  is 
hard  to  say  that  a  human  life  is  not 
worth  such  a  sum  as  the  master  has  | 
given  in  this  cause,  because  tin-  rec- 
ords show  these  men  were  of  excellent 
habits,  fond  ami  affectionate  husbands 
and  in  every  way  a  help  ami  comfort  to 
their  families  and  useful  to  the  public. 
In  a  large  number  of  stains  where  the 

limit  for  I  he  loss  of  lib'   lias   been    lixed 

by  the  Legislature,  the  sum  of  $10,000 

bas  l fixed  as  I  lie  maximum  allow- 
ance to  be  made.  This  is  a  legislative 
construction  of  a  fair  maximum  sum  to 
be  awarded  in  such  case.  1  think  the 
court  may  properly,  therefore,  accept 
tliis  concordant  judgment  of  so  many 
different  stain  Legislatures  as  justify- 
ing it  in  saying  that  the  maximum 
Ought  not  in  iim  one  of    these   eases    to 

exceed  thai  sum. 


A  new  i. aim  ii  i  "Satellite  "  )  is  now 
in  the  Union  Has  Engine  Co.'s  works 
being  fitted  with  motive  power.  The 
motor  is  a  twelve  II.  IJ.  marine  gasen- 

L'ii f  new  pattern,  low  and  compact. 

Tin-  reverse  gear  is  also  a  new  design. 
and  built  expressly  for  the  purpose. 
She  will  use  a  thirty-inch  four-blade 
propeller,  and  is  expected  to  attain  a 

I d  of  leu   or    twelve    knots    in   good 

water.  The  boat  was  designed  and 
buill  in  Seattle,  and  her  model  is  said 
to  be  upon  liner  lines  than  any  launch 
heretofore  designed  on  the  coast.  The 
hull  is  of  oak  and  cedar,  staunchly 
built  in  every  way.  The  dimensions 
are  35  feet  ii  inches  in  length  and  (i 
feet  8  inches  beam,  and  she  will  draw, 
when  loaded,  about  fourteen  inches  for- 
ward and  three  feet  aft.  Her  cabin  is 
twenty-three  feet  in  length,  divided 
into  three  compartments,  all  enclosed 
by  large  plate-glass  panels.  The  in- 
terior of  the  cabin  is  handsomely  fin- 
ished in  curled  maple  and  ash,  and  is 
provided  with  every  modern  conveni- 
ence that  ingenuity  can  devise  to  as- 
sure the  comfort  of  half  a  dozen  pas- 
sengers, including  a  fifty  candle  power 
searchlight  and  incandescent  lamps  fed 
from  storage  batteries  concealed  in 
lockers.  The  "Satellite,"  when  com- 
plete, will  cost  about  $25(10.  The 
owner — Dr.  V.  P.  Buckley — will  use 
her  as  a  pleasure  craft  on  the  bay  of 
San  Francisco.  She  will  be  launched 
about  the  1st  of  April. 

The  requisites  of  protective  paint- 
ing for  structural  iron  work  have  been 
made  the  subject  of  careful  investiga- 
tion by  Mr.  Wallis,  of  the  Association 
of  Engineers,  Virginia,  and  the  results 
of  his  studies  in  this  direction  have  now 
been  published.  He  recommends,  as 
essential,  that  the  first  coat  be  of  red 
lead  ground  in  raw  linseed  oil,  and  used 
within  two  or  three  weeks  after  mix- 
ing, being  also  kept  thoroughly  mixed 
while  in  use,  this  coat  drying  in  from 
twenty-four  to  thirty  hours.  If  the 
finish  is  to  be  black  the  next  two  coats 
should  be  made  up  from  a  paste  com- 
posed of  sixty-five  per  cent  of  pigment 
and  thirty-five  per  cent  of  raw  oil,  the 
pigment  to  consist  of  sixty-five  per 
cent  of  sulphate  of  lime,  thirty  per  cent 
of  lampblack,  and  five  per  cent  of  red 
lead  as  a  drier,  the  whole  being  thinned 
to  a  proper  consistency  with  pure 
boiled  oil.  If  the  finish  is  to  be  of  red 
or  brown  the  paste  should  be  composed 
of  seventy-five  per  cent  of  pigment 
and  twenty-five  per  cent  of  pure  raw 
oil,  the  pigment  to  consist  of  fifty-five 
per  cent  of  sulphate,  of  lime,  forty  per 
cent  of  oxide  of  iron,  free  from  sulphur 
and  caustic  substances,  and  five  per 
cent  of  carbonate  of  lime  as  a  drier, 
the  sulphate  of  lime  to  be  fully  hy- 
drated.  The  estimated  cost  of  such 
paint,  ready  for  use,  is  about  sixty 
cents  per  gallon. 


Power, 
Hilling,    Hilling, 
Smelting,   Concentration 
and  Leaching  riachinery;  Re 
turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me 
chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting   Engines, 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried'= 
ler    Pumping    and    Blowing    Engines, 
Cornish  Pumps,   Roots  Blowers,  Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,  Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers 
Crushing   Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes,' 
Dies,    Perforated    fletals,    Sectional 
machinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 
Concrete  Mixers,  Heavy  Ha= 
chinery  and   Mine   Sup- 
plies. -  -  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch  Offices:   2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Alex.;  ' 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAGO,  ILL..  U.  S.  A.  and 

A3  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


11 


% 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


■MANUFACTUKKRS    OF 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIRUTION  OF  POWER 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

♦♦♦  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦♦  -f 
OFFICE    AND     \A/ORKS:      34    and     3«5     /Wain     Street,      Stan     Francisco,     Cal. 


Ax  English  court  has  decided  re- 
garding property  rights  in  photo- 
graphic portraits,  that  the  copyright 
belongs  to  the  sitters  when  they  order 
the  portrait  and  pay  for  its  being 
taken.  The  only  claim  for  copyright 
by  the  photographer  is  when  he  invites 
sitters  to  have  their  likeness  taken, 
and  when  they  assent  to  sit  without 
payment,  doing  so  for  purposes  of  pub- 
licity or  advertisement. 


"  There  is  no  use  of  walking  the  floor 
with  a  felon,"  says  a  gentleman  who 
has  had  some  experience  in  that  direc- 
tion. "Wrap  a  cloth  loosely  around 
the  felon,  leaving  the  end  open.  Pour 
gunpowder  in  the  end  and  shake  it 
down  until  the  felon  is  covered,  then 
keep  it  wet  with  camphor.  In  two 
hours  the  pain  will  be  relieved,  and  a 
perfect  cure  will  be  sure  to  follow." 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

■ift  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof,  i* 

For  CHLORINATION  WORKS  and    Preserving  Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F».  &  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


Dr.  Pashkiff,  of  Russia,  advocates 
the  dressing  of  recently  received 
wounds  with  a  thin  layer  of  ashes  pre- 
pared by  incinerating  some  cotton 
stuff  or  linen.  The  blood  mingles  with 
the  ashes  and  forms  a  protecting  sur- 
face, under  which  the  lesion  heals 
rapidly.    

San  Francisco  spent  nearly  $40,000,- 
000  for  imported  merchandise  in  '94. 
One-third  of  that  sum  could  be  kept  at 
home  under  improved  and  legitimate 
industrial  conditions. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  iil^HLStreet 

221  Soulh  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


220  Market  St 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


Greenwich  records  show  that  for 
fourteen  years  there  has  been  an  aver- 
age of  but  twenty  hours  of  sunshine  in 
London  in  December. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  -with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  hive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  bv  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  uf  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  £.F. 


158 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  9,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  March  7,  1895. 

There  was  no  change  of  note  during  the 
week.  Silver  has  settled  down  to  a  steady 
"60%  "  day  after  day.  The  suggestion  made 
in  this  column  a  few  weeks  ago  that  the  sil- 
ver market  should  be  here  and  not  in  London, 
has  been  copied  approvingly  in  nearly  every 
mining  journal  of  any  importance  all  over  the 
country.  On  this  subject  the  following  re- 
garding the  manipulation  of  the  silver  market 
is  of  interest : 

The  bulk  of  the  silver  bullion  business  done  in 
London  passes  through  five  brokerage  firms. 
These  are  the  houses  of  Samuel  Montague  & 
Co.,  Sharpe  &  Wilkins,  Mocatta  &  Gold- 
smidt,  Pixley  &  Abell  and  H.  A.  Hertz.  The 
second,  third  and  fourth-named  firms  abso- 
lutely and  arbitrarily  fix  the  daily  price .  of 
silver.  The  first  and  fifth  named  firms  could 
doubtless  be  members  of  the  combination,  but 
for  reasons  of  their  own  prefer  not  to  be 
bound  by  its  rules.  They  accede  ordinarily, 
however,  to  the  price  as  fixed.  Representa- 
tives of  these  three  firms  meet  every  day  in 
the  office  of  Sharpe  &  Wilkins,  and,  at  2  p.  m., 
give  out  the  price  for  the  day  to  the  waiting 
crowd.  This  is  telegraphed  at  once  to  the  ex- 
changes of  the  world.  The  price,  however,  is 
really  fixed  by  foreign  banks  which  purchase 
silver,  and  with  which  these  brokers  have 
previously  been  in  consultation. 

Except' for  an  abortive  attempt  by  American 
producers  a  few  years  ago,  no  serious  effort 
seems  ever  to  have  been  made  to  resist  this 
arbitrator?  rate.  London  purchases  about 
about  two-thirds  of  the  entire  silver  product 
of  the  world,  and  of  the  remaining  third 
America  consumes  the  larger  part.  These 
five  firms  thus  represent  the  purchasers  of 
practically  two-thirds  of  the  product. 

Until  a  few  years  ago  the  first  four  named 
firms  did  practically  all  the  business,  but  the 
London  clearing-house,  through  which  the 
Rothschilds  and  other  large  firms  operate, 
added  silver  to  its  transactions,  and  is  now  a 
large  purchaser.  Last  year  its  transactions 
were  23,000,000  ounces.  Its  representative  is 
H.  A.  Hertz.  Inquiries  made  in  several  most 
influential  quarters  by  a  World  representa- 
tive would  seem  to  indicate  that,  while  the 
arbitrary  action  of  these  firms  is  much  re- 
sented by  the  producers,  the  remedy  is  really 
in  the  hands  of  the  mining  companies,  if  they 
should  combine  against  the  solid  combination 
of  the  chief  buyers.  It  is  stated  by  the 
brokers  themselves  that  their  only  clients  are 
these  purchasers,  and  that  the  American  pro- 
ducers do  not  employ  them,  and  that  there- 
fore their  sole  interest  is  to  fix  the  lowest 
priee  possible.  Buyers  are  united,  while 
sellers  are  supine  and  divided.  Only  Chile 
and  the  South  American  States  send  their 
silver  product  directly  to  London  for  sale  by 
brokers  acting  in  behalf  of  producers,  and  are 
therefore  anxious  to  get  the  best  price  pos- 
sible for  their  clients.  Producers  in  the 
United  States,  on  the  contrary,  keep  their 
product  at  home  until  it  is  sold  at  the  price 
fixed  in  London,  with  no  effort  apparently  and 
no  concerted  action  to  make  it  to  the  interest 
of  brokers  here  to  get  higher  prices.  It  is  the 
opinion  of  at  least  one  of  the  firms  above 
named  that  the  price  of  silver  would  be  ma- 
terially enhanced,  but  of  course  only  after  a 
severe  struggle,  if  American  producers  should, 
acting  in  concert,  -ship  their  silver  here  in  ad- 
vance of  sale,  as  do  the  South  American 
States,  and  make  it  to  the  interest  of  London 
brokers  to  get  the  highest  instead  of,  as  now, 
the  lowest  price. 

The  San  Francisco  agents  of  China  and 
Japan  bankers  are  checking  the  flow  of  silver 
from  Colorado,  Utah  and  Nevada  to  the  Orient 
by  way  of  New  York  and  are  shipping  bullion 
to  Hongkong  and  Yokohama  from  this  port. 
These  silver  shipments  are  increasing 
monthly. 

The  Selbys  separate  the  gold  and  silver  in 
the  bullion,  after  which  the  silver  is  re- 
shipped  abroad  in  solid  bars.  The  cost  of 
shipping  one  thousand  dollars  in  fine  silver 
from  Denver  to  Hongkong  via  New  York  and 
London  is  §18.06,  and  by  way  of  San  Francisco 
$14.  The  Bank  of  California  and  the  French 
bank  here  have  in  a  large  measure  changed 
the  flow  of  the  immense  silver  output,  which 
is  a  commercial  triumph  for  San  Francisco. 

China,  Japan,  India  and  other  Oriental 
countries  have  for  years  been  the  largest  con- 
sumers of  silver  in  the  world,  having  received 
through  San  Francisco  and  London  during  the 
past  six  years  8343,000,000. 

In  the  nine  years  ending  December  31st,  '94, 
the  shipments  from  San  Francisco  to  China 
and  Japan  amounted  to  897,164,480  in  silver 
bars,  and  111,023,432  Mexican  dollars. 

For  some  months  past  the  silver  product  of 
the  many  big  properties  in  Utah  ard  Colorado 
has  been  marketed  here,  for  direct  shipment 
to  the  silver-using  countries  of  the  Orient. 
The  Ontario  and  Daly  mines  are  among  the 
Utah  producers  which  have  disposed  of  their 
output  in  this  manner.  The  San  Francisco 
market  rules  a  few  points  higher  than  the 
New  York  quotations,  and  there  is  an  advan- 
tage in  the  cost  of  transportation. 

Owing  to  the  relations  existing  between 
England  and  India  it  is  not  probable  that  sil- 
ver consigned  to  India  will  be  sent  by  way  of 
San  Francisco.  London  merchants  and  bank- 
ers have  a  monopoly  of  that  business  and  will 
retain  it  as  long  as  they  can,  as  the  English 
Government  coins  the  silver  sent  to  India  in- 
to rupees  and  of  course  makes  a  large  profit 
on  the  coinage. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,   March  7.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50®12.50c. 
COPPER— Brokers',  9.60c;  exchange,  9.S0C 
LEAD— Brokers',  $3.02%;  exchange,  $3.07%. 

TIN— Straits,  13%c ;  plates, c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  $3.20. 


New  York  Prices. 

New  York,  Mar.  7.— Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

■Silver  in 


Copper. 

9  60 

9  60 


Lead. 
3  02V4 
3  02V4 


9  60         3  02^4 


5 ',4 
5K 
5 


14 


London.. 

Friday 27«        60» 

Saturday XIH       60^4 

Monday 2?&       60>/2 

Tuesday 27S£       6054 

Wednesday 27JS       60% 

Thursday 27J£       60V4         

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows ; 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged. 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 12>/sc 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 7%o 

London  Bankers'  60  days S4.88 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.89)4 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 60i£ 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 49@49^ 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 
ANTIMONY. 

Perlb —    (Si      10 

BOKAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots —    @ 

Powdered,         "      —    @ 

Concentrated,  "      —    @ 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    © 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 21    (& 

Ingot,  jobbing —    @ 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @ 

TIN  PLATE. 

Par  bx 5  25    @  6  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00    @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00    @18  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14    ffl      16 

ZINC. 

Sheet 8«@ 

LEAD. 

Pig..: 

Bar 

Sheet 

Pipe 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  £ 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  " 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do. 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    <3> 

COAL. 

SPOT  PROM    YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $  7  75 

Greta 7  50 

6  25 

5  75 

6  00 

5  50 

8  00 

12  50 

7  00 

8  00 

7  50 

i 8  50 


3  90 

4  20 

5  25 
4  75 

$1  20 
1  45 
1  45 

Nanalmo. 

Gilman 

Seattle 

Coos  Bay 

Cannel 

Egg,  hard 

Wall  send 

Scotch  Splint 

^rymbo ,  — 

tVest  Hartley — 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON.: 

Australian '5  85 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00 

Scotch  Splint 6  50 

Cardiff 6  50 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00 

Cumberland 11  00 

Egg,  hard 12  00 

West  Hartley 7  00 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c 

English,  to  load 9  00    @ 

"        spot,  in  bulk @ 

"        in  saoks @ 

Cumberland 900    @ 

LUMBER. 
SAN  FRANCISCO  —  WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00    @ 

Pine 13  00    @ 

Spruce 2500    <g 


@ 


® 


«  bbl 

10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


18  00 
30  00 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  March  7, 
9 :30  a.  m.  session. 

200  Alpha  Con 09 

100  Belcher 44 

600  Best  &  Belcher.. . .    91 

200Bullion 24 

200  Caledonia 11 

150  Challenge 44 

lOOChollar 59 

350 58 

400ConCal  &  Va 2 

30  Confidence 1 

150 1  50 

400  Crown  Point 48 


200  Gould  &  Curry.... 
100  Hale  &  Norcross. . 

100 

200Mexioan 

250Ophir 

200  Overman 

300Potosi 

100  Seg  Belcher 

100  Sierra  Nevada — 

5  Union 

600  Yellow  Jacket.... 


SECOND  SESSION— 2:  30  P.  M. 

200  Julia. 


500 Alpha  Con.. 

50  Alta 32 

300  Belcher 47 


200  Mexican  . 


200  Best  &  Belcher. . .    94 

300 95 

SOOBodie 92 

100 91 

200 90 

400  Caledonia 12 

800  Chollar. 

700  C.  C.  V 2  90 

15 2  95 

550  Crown  Point 

1150  H&  N 1  25 


400 

1000  Occidental 

700Ophir 1 

200  Overman 

200Potosi 

100  Savage 

100  Sierra  Nevada 

650  Union  Con 

400 

700  Yellow  Jacket.... 


List  of   U.  S.    Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported   by    Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  FEBRUARY  26,   1895. 

534,776.— Prune  Pricker— A.  L.  Bancroft,  S.  F. 
534,777. —  Amalgamator  —  Bandouin  &  Southern, 

Grass  Valley,  Cal. 
534,737.— Propeller— J.  J.  Brandt,  S.  F. 
534,783.— Fruit  Grader— A.  Cerruti.  S.  F. 
534,866.— Pulverizer— W.  E.  Downs,  Sutter  Creek, 

534,875.— Dust  Pan— K.  W.  Gress,  S.  F. 

534,644.— Sawmill  Carriage— D.  B.  Hanson,  S.  F. 

534.904.— Power  Transmitter — J.  W.  I.  Morris, 

Summerland,  Cal. 
534,915.  —  Gear    Protector  —  W.     Richardson, 

Truckee,  Cal. 
534,667. — Belt  Guide— M.  G.  Ring,  Sherman,  Cal. 
531,983.—  Dredger— A.  W.  von  Schmidt,  S.  F. 
534,922.— Sickle  Bar— J.  Shenett.  Gardiner,  Or 
584,772.— Hydraulic  Motor— S.  J.  Tutthill,  Ash- 
land, Or. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  In  the  shortest  time  possible 
by  mail  or  telegraphic  order).  Amei-iean  and  For- 
eign patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  business 
for  Pacific  Coast  inventors  transacted  with  perfect 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the  shortest 
possible  time. 


MINING:  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Cam-piled  Every  Tlmrsday  from  Advertisements  in  the  Miming  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Franeisca  Journals. 

ASSESSMENTS. 


Company  and  Location.  No.    Amt. 

Belcher  S  M  Co,  Nev 50. . .  .25c. . 

Booth  G  M  Co,  Cal 5. . . .  2c. 

Bullion  M  Co,  Nev 44 ....  10c. . 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal 1....10C. 

Challenge  Con,  Nev 18. . . .  5c. . 

Con  New  York,  Nev 13 —  5c. 

Crescent  M  Co,  Cal 1 ....  10c. . 

Eureka  Con, Nev 13. . .  .25c. . 

Golden  Eagle  M  Co,  Nev 1....15C. 

Gould  &  Curry  S  M  Co,  Nev. . .  .75. .  ..15c. . 

Granite  G  M  Co, Cal 2....  lV4c 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 26. . .  .10c. . 

Iowa  M  Co,  Nev 20....  5c. 

Julia  Con  M  Co,  Nev 26. . . .  5c . 

JusticeMCo,  Nev 58. ...10c. 

La  Grange  H  M  Co,  Cal 10. . .  .35c  . 

North  San  Juan  G  M  Co 1. . .  .12c  . 

Osborn  Hill  G  M  Co,  Cal 4. . .  .25c. . 

ReedM&MCo,  Nev 1....  2c. 

Sierra  Nevada  S  M  Co,  Nev... 108. ..  .25c  . 

South  Eureka  M  Co,  Cal 17 —  lc  . 

Standard  Gravel  Co,  Cal ■.   1....12C. 

Starlight  Mining  Co,  Cal 5.  ...10c. 

Company  and  Location. 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co 

Chollar  M  Co,  Nev 

Hale  &  Norcross,  Nev 

Potosi  M  Co,  Nev 


Levied,  Delimit  and  fide.  Secretary. 

..Mar  5,  Apr    9.  Apr  30 C  L  Perkins,  309  Montgomery 

..Feb    18,  Mar  25,  Apr  17 Geo  R  Spinney,  310  Pine 

.  .Jan   21,  Feb  26,  Mar  21 R  R  Grayson.  331  Pine 

..Feb   19,  Mar  25,  Apr  25 C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building 

.  Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  16 C  L  McCoy,  Mills  Building 

.  .Feb   19,  Mar  26,  Apr  17 Chas  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

..Jan   15,  Feb  16,  Mar  11 A  K  Dur  brow,  309  Montgomery 

..Feb   19,  Mar  25,  Apr  11 H  P  Bush,  134  Market 

.  .Jan    8,  Feb   28,  Mar    4 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

...Jan    17,  Feb  19,  Mar  12 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

..Jan     2,  Mar    9,  Apr    6 WmSchaw 

..Jan  21, Mar    6,  April  5 W  W  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

..Mar   8,  Apr    9,  Apr   27 R  L  Thomas,  419  California 

.  .Feb    13,  Mar  20,  Apr  10 J  Stadtfeld,  Jr.,  309  Montgomery 

.  .Feb     8,  Mar  14,  Apr    3 RE  Kelly,  309  Mootgomery 

,  .Feb  23,  Apr     1,  Apr   22 A  Halsev,  328  Montgomery 

..Jan    28,  Mar    8,  Mar  27 H  W  Morris,  143  First 

.  .Feb  27,  Apr    4,  Apr   24 R  R  Grayson,  331  Pine 

..Dec    31,  Feb  11,  April  3..  John  HIsham,  room  33,  Mills  Bldg. 

..Jan    16,  Feb  20,  Mar  11 E  L  Parker, 309  Montgomery 

..Feb   20,  Apr      1,  Apr  22 A  Halsev,  328  Montgomery 

..Jan    25,  Mar    4,  Mar  22 W  H  Schmidt,  207  East 

..Feb    11,  Mar  18,  Apr    8 H  R  Williar,  214  Pine 

MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

. .  C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building March   9 

, .  C  E  Elliott,  79  Nevada  Block March  20 

.A  B  Thompson,  26  Nevada  Block March  13 

.  ,C  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery March  13 


Mining  Share  Market. 

San  Francisco,  March  7,  1895. 

Favorable  news  was  received  from  the.  Corn- 
stock  during  the  week,  and  there  was  in- 
creased business  at  stronger  prices. 

Money  paid  for  labor  on  and  around  the 
Comstock  in  February  aggregated  $68,501.66. 
The  pay  roll  of  the  Con.  Cal.  andVa.  mine  was 
$9403,  the  Ophir  $3389,  Chollar  $4948,  Hale  & 
Norcross  $2168.50,  Yellow  Jacket  $2727,  Crown 
Point  $4298,  Belcher  $3046  and  Alta  $2414. 

Following  is  a  statement  of  the  cash,  bal- 
ances of  certain  mining  companies  on  the  first 
Monday  of  March  as  required  by  law. 
bodie  mines. 

Bodie $11,611 

Bulwer 2,473 

Mono 4,158 

Syndicate 

WASHOE  MINES. 

Alpha $6,143 

Alta 10,612 

Andes 5,494 

Belcher 2,453 

Beat  &  Belcher. . . .  14,418 

BOTlion 8,671 

Caledonia./ 3,222 

Challenge 106 

Chollar 6,358 

Con.  Cal&  Va 94,520 

Con.  Imperial 841 

Confidence 7,225 

The  delinquent  assessment  sale  of  the  Con- 
fidence took  place  yesterday.  Less  than  100 
shares  were  sold  for  non-payment. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Con.  New  York. . . 

510 

Crown  Point 

295 

Exchequer  

.    2,486 

Gould  &  Curry.-  -  ■ 

.   13,451 

Hale  &  Norcross. 

.    19,243 

Justice 

160 

Kentuck 

.    3,671 

.     2,104 

Mexican 

15,0517 

Ophir : 

8,078 

Overman 

6,759 

Occidental 

466 

.  20,460 

Savage  

3,568 

Sierra  Nevada. . . 

20,915 

Silver  Hill 

.     1,294 

Utah 

2,162 

Mines. 

28 

7 

$      09 

$      33 
26 
46 
77 
82 

"  "46 

54 

1  35 

2  55 

32 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion 

47 
95 
92 
24 

44 

59 

1  60 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

2  95 

47 

49 

49 
98 

55 

1  25 

74 
1  55 
15 
50 
44 
61 
44 
06 
59 

94 

1  90 

17 

56 

47 

71 

56 

67 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention : 

Concentrator  and  Amalgamator. — Henri 
Baudouin  and  Joseph  Southern,  Grass  Valley, 
Cal.  No.  534,777.  Dated  Feb.  26,  1895.  This 
invention  relates  to  an  apparatus  for  working 
the  ores  of  precious  metals.  It  consists  of  a 
band  journaled  upon  a  vertical  shaft  and  hav- 
ing a  crank  or  cam  connection  by  which  it  is 
caused  to  oscillate  backward  dnd  forward 
around  this  shaft.  The  pan  has  an  inclined 
bottom  with  annular  overflow  channels  to 
contain  quicksilver,  and  a  correspondingly 
channeled  disk  supported  above  the  bottom, 
having  its  inner  side  inclined  with  relation  to 
the  bottom  in  a  horizontal  plane.  A  central 
receiver  around  the  top  of  the  shaft  serves  to 
receive  the  pulp,  and  from  holes  around  the 
bottom  of  the  receiver  this  pulp  is  distributed 
outwardly  over  plates  or  screens,  falling 
thence  through  upon  the  inclined  and  chan- 
nelled disk  where  it  encounters  the  quick- 
silver upon  the  surface  of  the  disk  and  passes 
thence  to  the  corresponding  quicksilver  chan- 
nels in  the  bottom  of  the  pan.  Above  the 
plate  are  copper  and  zinc  hoops  suitably  ar- 
ranged to  produce  an  electrical  action  when 
thev  dip  into  the  current  of  passing  pulp. 
The  hoops  and  battery  elements  are  properly 
supported  by  arms  above  the  plates  and  bot- 
tom. A  suitable  discharge  is  arranged  for 
the  waste  pulp,  either  at  the  periphery  or 
center  of  the  pan,  according  to  the  angle  at 
which  the  bottom  is  formed. 

Rod  Coupling. — Ellery  M.  Hoagland,  Sa- 
linas, Cal.  No.  534,507.  Dated  Feb.  19,  1895. 
The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a 
coupling  for  rods,  which  can  be  quickly  made 
and  broken,  and  while  coupled  will  remain 
absolutely  secure,   thereby  especially   adapt- 


ing the  device  for  the  joining  of  all  rods,  and 
particularly  the  rods  used  in  well  boring.  In 
well  boring  it  is  required  that  the  tool  below 
be  often  withdrawn  to  discharge  and  to  clear 
it.  This,  after  it  has  gone  down  a  consider- 
able depth,  is  a  matter  of  time,  as  it  is  neces- 
sary to  uncouple  the  section  of  the  rod  as  the 
device  is  hauled  up,  and  as  it  is  put  down 
again  to  couple  the  sections  together  once 
more.  It  is  therefore  of  the  greatest  im- 
portance that  the  coupling  and  uncoupling  be 
done  with  great  facility  and  rapidity;  but  at 
the  same  time  the  coupling  should  be  an  ac- 
curate and  positive  one,  precluding  all  danger 
of  becoming  accidentally  uncoupled,  and  one 
which  will  permit  both  the  churning  action 
and.  the  rotary  movement  without  lost  mo- 
tion or  without  yielding  or  giving  in  the 
slightest.  These  results  are  all  reached  by 
this  coupling,  which  consists  of  a  section  hav- 
ing a  shank  reduced  in  thickness  and  pro- 
vided with  a  notch  in  one  of  its  edges,  a 
second  section  having  a  hollowed  or  recessed 
body  portion  open  at  both  sides  with  a  direct- 
ing wall  closing  a  portion  of  the  opening  at 
one  side  and  a  stop  wall  closing  a  portion  of 
the  opening  at  the  opposite  side,  ana  disposed 
in  a  plane  below  that  of  the  directing  wall, 
said  stop  wall  adapted  to  engage  the  notched 
portion  of  the  first  named  section. 


FAIRFAX  VILLA  COMPANY.  -  Location  of 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works.  Fairfax.  Marin  county. 
California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting:  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  19th  day  of  February. 
1895,  an  assessment,  No.  2,  of  one  hundred  dollars 
(¥100)  per  Bhare  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Stock 
of  the  Corporation,  payable  Immediately  in  United 
States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary,  ai  (In- offiee  of  the 
Company,  Room  5li.  No.  SOU  Montgomery  street,  San 
Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  26th  day  of  Mareli,  181)5,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
aold  on  TUESDAY,  the  Kith  day  of  April.  1H95,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

J.  STADTFELD,  Jr.,  Secretary. 

Office—Room  No.  5(i.  No  309  Montgomery  street, 
San  Francisco,  California. 


CHALLENGE  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  principal  place  of  business. 
San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works,  Gold 
Hill.  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  nineteenth  (19th)  day 
of  February,  1895,  an  assessment  (No.  18)  of  Five 
Cents  (5c)  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital 
stock  of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately  in 
United  States  gold  coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office 
of  the  company.  Room  35,  third  floor,  Mills  Building, 
corner  Bush  and  Montgomery  streets,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Anv  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  twenty-sixth  (26th)  day  of 
March,  1895,  will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for 
sale  at  public  auction,  and  unless  payment  Is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  sixteenth 
(lfith)  day  of  April,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent 
assessment,  together  with  cost  of  advertising  and 
expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

C.  L.  McCOY.  Secretary. 

Office— Room  35,  third  floor.  Mills  Building,  corner 
Bush  and  Montgomery  streets,  Ran  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 

BOOTH  GOLD  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  of 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  Califor- 
nia. Location  of  works.  Auburn.  Placer  county. 
California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at. a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  eighteenth  day  of 
.February,  1895,  an  assessment  (No.  5)  of  Two  (2c) 
cents  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock 
of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United 
States  gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the 
company.  No.  310  Pine  street.  Room  No.  2S,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re 
main  unpaid  on  the  twenty-fifth  day  of  March.  1895. 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  seventeenth  day  of 
April,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
sale.    Bv  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY.  Secretary. 

Office— No.  310  Pine  street.  Room  No.  28,  San  Fran- 
cisco. California. 


IOWA  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  of  princi- 
pal place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  California. 
Location  of  works,  Virginia  City,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  Huh  day  of  March, 
1895,  an  assessment.  (No.  20)  of  Five  Cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  2,  419  California  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  9th  day  of  April.  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  SATURDAY,  the  27th  day  of  Apiil.  1895. 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

R.  L.  THOMAS.  Secretary. 
Office— Room  2,  419  California  Street,  San  Francisco, 

California. 


March  9  1895. 


Mining  and  Sci 


Press 


Coast   Industrial   Notes. 


The  siumiuni  Con.  Mining  Co.  is  having 
a  Dow  pump  imili  for  the  main  shaft. 

Tin-  Los  Angelas  Consolidated  Electric 
Kail  way  Company  bondholders  will  take  eon 
trol,  improve  the  plant,  and  place  the  road 
upon  a  paying  basis. 

The  annual    report    ol    »  lharles   Sleeper, 

r  ol  the  San  Francisco  Clearing  bouse, 

gives   the  clearings   in    1894   at    W5t*,536  306, 

against    $899,285,778    in    1893    .1    decrease   ol 

$10,  ;>.'.»;•». 

The  Mexican  government  has  pledged  itself 
to  admit  free  of  duty  all  materials  and  ma- 
chinery in  be  erected  on  the  grounds  of  the 
international  exposition  to  be  held  al  the  City 
of  Mexico  In  IStiti  Greatly  reduced  i 
rates  are  also  promised. 

— H.  A  Robertson,  of  this  city,  one  of  the 
owners  of  the  big  pile  raft  that  went  to  pieces 
'.iii.'  months  ago  while  being  Lowed  here  has 
i,. 'I'll  ..ii  another  one  near  Astoria,  *  >re- 
gon,  which,  when  completed,  will  coal  < '■"- 
nun.  No  attempt  will  be  mode  to  tow  il  to 
Ran  Pranci 900  unt  il  summer. 

The  contra  t  for  the  Say  ward  mill  at  Sil- 
ver Bow  Basin,  Juneau,  Alaska,  has  been 
given  the  Union  Iron  Works.  it  will  be  :m 
stamps,  and  svill  cast  In  place,  ready  for  work, 
ah  ui  $54,000.  The  mill  is  to  be  delivered 
May  1st.,  ami  SO  days  after  i  he  company  will 
be  able  i"  begin  crushing  n«>  tons  a  day. 

The  i  talon  Iron  Works  is  pal  iently  awaiting 
tit.'  arrival  frou  the  Bast  of  the  nelt armor 
for  the  battle-ship  Oregon,  n  was  scheduled 
to  reach  here  as  far  bach  as  1893.  It  was  sub- 
oquently  ordered  in  1894,  and  Is  now  expected 
:  arrl  -  i»ij  day.  When  the  armor  is  placed 
:  ,i,  the  ii.it  tle-sbip  will    be  completed. 

W.  B.  M  meyman,  of  the  Portlaud  linseed 
nil  works,  ha>  made  cont  racts  with  Linn 
county  furinei-s,    in   Oregon,    for  3000  acres  of 

flaxseed,  for  which    he  has  i tracted   to  pay 

$1.80  per  hundred.      This   will    bring   t.i  the 
■■■  vers   something   upward  of  $30,000.     Mr. 
i  loneyman  furnishes  the  seed  to  sow  the  2000 
acres. 

The  colossal  figure  of  Progress,  whicbwill 
surmount  the  dome  "f  the  City  Hall,  has  been 

i lolled  I'v  Marion    Wells,  tin-   sculptor,  and 

will  be  soon  cast,  it  is  22%  feet  high,  and 
represents  n  winged  reraale  holding  aloft,  a 
torch.  Al  nigh.1  this  torch  will  be  brilliantly 
Illuminated,      it.   will   be  over  800  feel  above 

I  In-  sea  level. 

—The  New  England  Pish  Company,  whose 
headquarters  are  at  Boston,  and  who  have 
been  tlshiug  for  halibut  in  British  Columbia 
waters  all  winter,  have  closed  the  season's 
operations.  The  total  catch  for  the  season 
amounted  to  900,000  pounds,  and  the  price 
realized  was  about  seven  cents  per  fish. 
Twenty-five  cars  were  shipped  east. 

A  i  So-operative  Company  has  been  organized 
to  reopen  the  llenton  coal  mine,  ten  miles 
south  of  Seattle,  Wash.,  which  has  been  dosed 
for  the  lost  eight  years.  It  was  last  operated 
by  Mi.  Simpson  of  San  Francisco,  but  when 
his  miners  struck  he  closed  it  and  has  never 
reopened  it.  The  company,  with  $100,000 
capital  stuck,  will  he  composed  of  miners  and 
consumers,  none  of  whom  will  be  allowed  to 
vote  more  than  ten  shares,  and  expects  to  em- 
ploy about  300  men. 

The  new  west-bound  freight  tariff  from 
Chicago  and  common  points,  and  from  Mis- 
sissippi ami  Missouri  River  common  points, 
went  into  effeel  last  Tuesday.  The  new  rates 
do  not  effect  California  consumers  very  materi- 
ally save  in  the  case  of  iron  and  iron  commodi- 
ties, which  arc  raised  from  thirty  cents  to 
fifty  cents,  as  the  minimum  rate.  The  rates 
do  not  apply  to  points  in  California  south  of 
Lathrop,  Stockton  or  San  .lose,  on  shipments 
routed  via  Portland,  Or. 

—A  syndicate  of  well-to  do  Italians  have  hit 
upon  a  novel  plan  to  supply  the  Sau  Francisco 
market  with  fresh  halibut.  They  have  pur- 
chased the  once  famous  racing  yacht  Cyclone, 
and  intend  putting  in  a  large  well  amidship 
capable  of  holding  many  thousands  of  gallons 
Of  water.  In  this  way  a  whole  cargo  of  fish, 
caught  on  the  halibut  banks,  can  be  kept 
alive  unt  il  delivered  at  the  city  markets.  By 
this  means  they  expect  a  much  higher  price 
for  their  product  than  do  the  fiishermeu  who 
bring  in  their  product  dead. 

-  , lames  Treadwell,  president  of  the  San 
Francisco  and  Sau  .Joaquin  Coal  C.impany, 
says :  lL  There  are  twenty  million  tons  of 
coal  in  sight  near  Livermore.  The  location  is 
eight  miles  southeast  of  Livermore,  and  the 
seam  lias  been  traced  six  and  a  half  miles  in 
length  and  a  mile  in  width.  This  coal  is  so 
abundant,  and  is  extracted  so  cheaply,  that 
it  can  be  mined  and  shipped  to  Oakland  with 
a  profit  at  $1.50  a  ton.;'  If  so,  this  would  rev- 
olutionize manufacturing  methods  of  this  city, 
where  cheap  fuel  is  the  one  gr-eat  lack. 

—The  largest  wooden  drydock  on  the  coast 
was  launched  yesterday,  at  Benicia,  for  the 
California  Drydock  Company,   at  the  foot  of 


Spear  street,  this  city.  Over  L50  men  worked 
on  it  fur  six  months,  and  a  million  and  q  half 
i  hrogon  lumber,  100  tons  of  Iron.  10 
i.ms  of  copper  and  29,000  pounds  of  yellow 
metal  have  been  used  in  building  it.  Its 
length  is  801  feet ;  depth  .a  hold, 
Inches,  Th.-  pumping  pianl  ol  eight  pumps,  la 
guaranteed  to  llf{  2,250,000  gallons  ol  water  lit 
two  hours.  The  est  of  the  dock,  which  will 
accommodate  a  steamer  300  feel  in  length,  is 
eat   ■   B2O0,000, 

Traffic    relations     with    the  Santa  rV     pres- 

cotl  and  Phu  nix  road  have  been  opened  bj  the 

Santa  l'V,  and  it  is  anticipated  that  after  the 
formal  opening  next  Monday  there  will  be 
considerable   i  ravel   in   that   direct  inn.     The 

['.»ad  runs  from    Ash  Pork,  On  the  Atlantic  and 

Pacific  division  of  the  Santa  l-'e  system,  to 
I'hu-nix,    the  entire   length  of  the  line  being 

100  miles.      Among  Other  of  the   principal  on  n- 

ers  of  the  road  are  reported  to  be  the  following 
capitalists:  N  K  Fairbanks,  Chicago;  Dex- 
ter M.  Ferry,  W.  Bowen  and  S.  Murphy,  De- 
troit ;  C.  Alius.  Youngs  town,  O.  ;  and  \V.  Had- 
ley,  Los  Vegas,  N.  M. 

A  new  industry  has  been  added  to  Califor- 
nia's many  sources  of  wealth.  This  is  the 
cultivation  of  the  yellow  dock,  botanical ly 
known  as  the  canaigrc.  the  root  of  which  is 
used  in  tunning  leather.  This  root  contains 
t  hiity-l  wo  per  cent  of  Strong  tannic  acid.  The 
wild  dock  grows  all  through  the  San  Joaquin 
Valley,  and  with  cultivation  the  root  may  be 
increased  fourfold.  As  the  supply  of  oak  for 
tanning  is  running  low,  both  here  and  abroad, 
the  importance  of  this  despised  weed  may  be 
estimated.  A  company  has  been  organized 
to  plant  live  thousand  acres  of  the  dock  in 
Merced,  and  a  big  tannery  will  be  built. 

The  battle-ship  Olympia,  built  by  the 
Union  Iron  Works,  has  heeu  finally  accepted 
by  Secretary  Herbert.  The  Naval  Board  of 
Examiners  in  their  report  take  occasion  to 
justly  compliment  the  San  Francisco  builders, 
and  say;  "The  board  congratulates  the  de- 
partment on  t  he  additiun  of  the  Olympia  to 
the  Navy  of  the  United  States,  which,  with 
its  great  fighting  power,  speed  and  elegant 
appearance,  is  a  credit  to  the  navy  and  Amer- 
ican mechanical  skill.  It  is  with  great  pleas- 
ure that  the  hoard  calls  attention  of  the  de- 
partment to  the  excellent  work  done  by  the 
Union  Iron  Works,  their  care  in  all  the  details 
of  construction  and  the  clean  and  finished  con- 
dition of  the  vessel." 

— The  work  of  constructing  branch  lines  of 
the  Mexican  International  railroad,  from  Mon- 
clova,  Mexico,  to  Sierra  Mojada,  and  from 
Reatea  to  Monterey,  has  been  suspended,  the 
order  coming  from  C.  P.  Huntington  uot  to 
construct  the  branches  at  the  present  time. 
It  is  said  he  and  his  associates  have  been  try- 
ing to  get  control  df  or  to  purchase  or  lease  the 
Monterey  and  Mexican  and  Gulf  railroad, 
which  is  one  of  the  most  profitable  railroad 
properties  in  Mexico,,  and  it  is  hiuted  that 
the  building  of  the  proposed  extensive  joint 
lines  of  the  Mexican  International  was  an  at- 
tempt to  bluff  the  owners  of  the  Monterey 
and  Mexican  aud  Gulf  into  making  a  deal. 
The  proposed  branches  would  be  competing 
lines  against  the  Gulf  Coast. 

— The  new  whaleback  steamer  City  of  Ev- 
erett arrived  here  last  Monday,  sixty-two 
hours  from  Port  Townsend.  She  brought 
down  twenty-three  passengers,  among  whom 
was  ■Captain  McDougall,  the  inventor.  She 
carries  3800  tons  of  coal  on  a  mean  draft  of  19 
feet  (")  inches.  On  the  deck  are  four  big  tur- 
rets, each  containing  two  hoisting  engines. 
The  vessel  has  eight  hatches,  which  open 
nearly  the  entire  length  of  the  ship.  Her  en- 
gines are  triple  expansion.  The  deck  is  pro- 
tected by  heavy  wire  cables  stretched  from 
iron  stanchions  at  intervals  of  fifteen  feet. 
The  main  house  rests  on  two  turrets  set  on 
the  after  part  of  the  deck,  from  which  two 
gangways  run  forward  to  the  bridge,  on  which 
is  the  captain's  room,  pilot  and  chart  house. 
Steam  steering-gear  is  used.  The  Everett 
will  discharge  at  Port  Costa  and  return  to 
Comax,  B.  0.,  in  ballast. 


Books    on   Working  Ores. 

Bv  GUIDO  KUSTEL,  M.  E. 
ROASTINO  OP  (tOI.Ii  ANJ)  SlLVBU   OllKS    (Second    Edi- 
tion i    ;imi    the     Extraction    of    their   Respective 
Metals   Willionl    Quicksilver.     Hv  Grino  Kisiki. 
M.  E. 

Tins  rare  book  on  Hie  treatment  of  m)h\  and  silver 
ore   wit)  i  unt   ci  nick  silver  Is    liberally    Illustrated 
and  crammed  full  of  facts.    It  gives  short  and  con- 
cise descriptions  of  various  processes  and    appara- 
tus employed  in  this  country  and  in  Europe  and  the 
I  why  and  wherefore.    It  contains  l">t;  pages,  i-nibrac- 
!  Ing  Illustrations  of  furnaces,  supplements  and  work- 
ing apparatus.      I'    Is  a    work  of  great  merit,  by  an 
I  author  whose    reputation    1h    unsurpassed    in    bis 
•specialty.     Price.   S3,    postpaid.      For   sale   by  THE 
MINING  AND   SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.   220  Market  St.. 
'  San  Francisco. 

BY  C.  H.  AARON. 
I  AAitox's  Lkaciiino  Gold  and  Sm.vek  Ohks.  the 
most  complete  hand-book  on  the  subject  extant; 
I  lfi4  pages,  octavo.  Illustrated  by  twelve  lithographic 
I  engravings  and  four  wood  cuts.  Fully  indexed. 
i  Plainly  written  for  practical  men,  In  cloth,  S3.  Sold 
by  THE  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220 
I  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN  A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USED  THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  - 

CAPACITIES  Ss™"8!-  AFFERENT 

PER  HOUR.'        SIZES. 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY    DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,   King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinerj . 

GATES  IRON  WORKS  &#ff£?K5 

NEW   YORK,  LONDON.   E.   C,  BUTTE,  CITY  OF  MEXICO, 

136   LIBERTY   ST.  T3   A   QUEEN    VICTORIA   ST.  MONTANA.  8   CALLE    DE   GANTE. 


Reind  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,    -    -    -    -    New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canad  n 

Aoartado830 Citv  of  Mexi'-o 


casgadewateFwheeL 

Adapted  to  ah  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  "Water. 

J  AM  ESLEFFEL&  CO.  Springfield.  Ohio,  U.S  A, 

Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experii  tired, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washing'ton  and  the  i-ani- 
tal  cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  have  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
lie  offered  borne  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  aud  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us,  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
have  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  aud 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.     Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St..  5.  F. 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■mi   MX   REDUCED    PRICES.  — ■ 

Our   plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.     THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

^   ■■imTTffgzgPl>'  incorpoi*ated."*^SsSBn^^' 

«-  send  for  circulars.  68,  to  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  Ifci 
Mining;  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


160 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  9,  1896. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Addressi     "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 


Johnston's  Concentrator,      ^O^J^l^ 
Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  AirJ^om^ 

MINIlTfl^^  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 

DOW    STEAM     F>U7VYF>    WORKS, 

OFFICE  AND  WORKS,        =         =         -       ,- 


114  AND  116  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

^~^aIati8BZ&>~    Manufacturers    of    <^ -^ 


Dow's  Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Single  or  Duplex,  for  Every  Possible  Duty. 

Mining  Pumps, 


Irrigation  Pumps, 


m 


Artesian  Well  Engines 

Etc.,  Etc. 


INDEPENDENT  AIR  PUMP  AND  CONDENSER 

For  Stationary  Engines  or  Steam  Pumps. 

POVA/ER      PUMPING      MACHINERY, 

Speed  Governors. 


m 


BALANCE  VALVES  AND  PRESSURE  REGULATORS 

FOR  STEAn  PUMPS. 
Etc.,    Etc.,    Etc. 


Correspondence  Solicited.    Send  for  Catalogue. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 


San  FraneiRco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON,  Manager. 

Denver,  Col 1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent. 

New  York  City 26    Cortlandt  Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  111 509  Home  Ins.  Building. 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 


HAVE   YOU   A   J*j*INE?     If  so  do  not  fail  to  see 

Parke  &iacy  Co/s  Stock  of 

MINING  MACHINERY 


SOLD  AT  LOW  PRICES. 


21  and  23  FVemont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


fllNE  $  BELL  m  SIGNALS.  Adopted-  Used. 


and    In  Force  in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 

C^OR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  12  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
■^  the  Voorhies  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March  8,  1893.  The  law  is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  of  Mine  Bell  Signals  to  Be  Used  in  All  Mines  Operated  In  the 
State  of  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Miners."  We  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  oloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  SO  cents  a  copy.  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market 
Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


:VIEW. 


VOLIME    LXX. 
Number    1  1* 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  16,  1895. 


THKKE  DOLLARS    PER   ANMM. 
Single  Copies,  Tew  Cent*. 


De  Beers  Con.  Mine  Report. 


From  Gardner  F.  Williams,  head  manager,  is  re- 
ceived the  sixth  annual  report  of  the  De  Beers  con- 
solidated mines,  of  Kimberly,  South  Africa.  During 
the  year  the  diamonds  produced  realized  £2,820,172; 
the  expenditure  was  £1,690,584,  leaving  a  profit  of 
£1.129,588— about  $5,645,000  on  a  capital  of  $19,750,- 
000.  The  magnitude  of  the  scope  of  this  great  com- 
pany is  illustrated  by  their  reserve  fund  of  £726,000; 
their  £300.000  investment  in  the  British  South  Africa 
Co.  and  their  large  holdings  in  colonial  railway  and 
coal  companies. 

The  average  number  employed  in  the  De  Beers- 
Kimberly  mines  during  the 
year  was  8113—1507  whites 
and  6606  blacks. 

The   "nationality  of   em- 
ployes" table  is  interesting: 


density  of  the  material.  The  product  can  be  drawn, 
wrought  and  soldered  just  like  gold,  which  it  almost 
exactly  resembles  on  being  polished.  Even  when  ex- 
posed to  the  action  of  ammoniacal  salts  or  nitrous 
vapors  it  preserves  its  color.  The  cost  of  making  it 
is  about  twenty-four  cents  a  pound  avoirdupois. 


An   Electric   Elevator. 


The  accompanying  cut  represents  a  double-worm, 
direct-connected  electric  elevator,  one  of  three  re- 
cently made  and  erected  by  the  Electrical  Engineer- 
ing Company,  of  34  and  36  Main  street,  this  city,  for 
the  Whittier  Block,  Los  Angeles.       They  are  said  to 


English  . 
Scotch 

Irish 

Colonial 

European 

Other  nations. 


//,   <ll:<l  About 

Al  (In 

tit?  Milieu 

Work- 

and floors. 

shops. 

52.2 

41.5 

8.2 

23.S 

4.8 

2.4 

33.1 

27.1 

1.8 

4.2 

1.9 

1.5 

Total. 


Accompanying  the  de- 
tailed financial  report  are 
elaborate  plates  illustrating 
the  plan  and  workings  of 
the  mine  and  plant. 

At   the   general  meeting 
Cecil  J.    Rhodes    presided.      : 
Among  other  things  he  said: 

"Gentlemen,  we  made  an 
effort  in  America  to  show  «R 
our  diamonds  to  the  Ameri- 
cans during  the  great 
World's  Fair  at  Chicago, 
and  we  spent  £10,000  upon 
our  exhibit.  Brother  Jona- 
than, with  his  usual  clever- 
ness, as  soon  as  he  had  seen 
our  diamonds  and  was  grati- 
fied by  our  expenditure,  at- 
tempted to  put  a  prohibit- 
ive duty  upon  them.     T  do 

not  blame  Brother  Jonathan,  but  one  of  the  amusing 
things  about  it  is  that,  having  promoted  a  big  show, 
and  having  invited  the  world  to  that  show,  as  soon 
as  it  is  over,  be  says:  'I  don't  want  to  see  you 
again.'  I  do  not  know  if  we  would  be  wise  in  retali- 
ating. I  believe  in  free  trade,  but  1  also  believe  in 
reciprocity;  and  at  the  same  time  1  think  if  we  were 
to  shut  our  doors  to  Brother  Jonathan  it  would  bring 
him  to  his  senses,  so  far  as  regards  his  raw  products. 
At  any  rate,  the  company  will  not  ask  you  again  to 
spend  £10,000  on  such  an  undertaking;  for  I  fully  be- 
lieve that  the  next  time  he  has  a  big  show,  and  we 
were  to  spend  a  further  £10,000,  Brother  Jonathan 
would  pass  a  law  by  which  on  no  account  would  he 
allow  diamonds  into  the  United  States,  so  that  it  will 
be  better  in  future  to  leave  Brother  Jonathan  alone.'' 


Idaho's  Mining  Bill. 

The  new  Idaho  mining  bill  has  become  a  law.  It  is 
in  brief  the  general  law  with  some  changes  to  suit 
the  mining  conditions  in  that  State. 

Mining  claims  may  extend  to  300  feet  on  each  side 
of  the  middle  of  the  vein  or  lode.  The  locator  must 
locate  by  posting  on  the  surface  a  plain  and  perma- 
nent sign  or  notice  containing  the  name  of  the  locator, 
the  name  of  the  claim,  length  and  width  and  date 
when  the  location  is  made,  and  by  marking  within 
ten  days,  thereafter,  the  surface  boundary  of  .the 
claim.  Any  claim  so  located  is  not,  unless  abandoned, 
subject  to  location  by  any  other  person  for  sixty 
days  thereafter.  Surface 
boundaries  must  be  marked 
by  substantial  posts  or  trees 
not  less  than  four  inches 
square  or  in  diameter. 

Within  sixty  days  after 
such  location  the  locator 
must  sink  a  shaft  upon  the 
lode  to  the  depth  of  at  least 
ten  feet.  Notice  of  loca- 
tion must  be  filed  within 
ninety  days  thereafter  with 
the  county  recorder  or  his 
deputy.  An  affidavit  that 
the  prescribed  work  has 
been  done  must  be  filed.. 
County  recorders  must  ap- 
point deputies.  Only  citi- 
zens of  the  United  States, 
or  those  who  have  declared 
their  intention  to  be  such, 
can  locate  a  mining  claim. 

The  bill  has  been  endors- 
ed by  the  leading  mining 
men  of  that  State. 


DOUBLE-WORM     DIRECT-CONNECTED     ELECTRIC     ELEVATOR 


work  to  perfection.  The  motor,  hoist  and  electric- 
controlling  device,  it  will  be  seen  from  the  cut,  are 
all  compactly  mounted  on  common  base  plate  which 
occupies  a  minimum  amount  of  space.  The  elevator 
is  entire  controlled  by  pull  rope  or  lever  in  the  ele- 
vator  cage.  The  controlling  device  is  entirely  en- 
closed in  iron  casing  which  protects  it  from  dust  and 
dirt,  and  is  unique  in  this,  that  there  is  an  entire  ab- 
sence of  sparking  at  contact  points.  The  motor  is 
one  of  the  company's  latest  multipolar  type,  slow 
speed  and  highly  efficient. 


Le  Journal  de  V Horlogerie  says  a  new  amalgam  has 
been  discovered  which  is  a  wonderful  substitute  for 
gold.  It  consists  of  ninety-four  parts  of  copper  to 
six  parts  of  antimony.  The  copper  is  melted  and 
the  antimony  is  then  added.  Once  the  two  metals 
are  sufficiently  fused  together,  a  little  magnesium 
and  carbonate  of  lime  are  added  to  increase  the 


Ten  years  ago  the  mines  of  California  were  at  a 
discount  in  the  East.  Now  they  are  at  a  premium, 
business  men  and  investors  realizing  that,  in  these 
days  of  almost  impossible  profits  in  business,  nothing 
equals  in  value  a  gold  mine  as  a  dividend  producer. 
It  is  also  noticeable  that  nearly  all  the  really  success- 
ful mining  operations  of  the  larger  sort,  the  big  en- 
terprises, are  projected  by  corporations.  The  day 
of  the  combine  has  arrived  in  mining  as  in  other  en- 
terprises, and  an  aggregation  of  skill  and  capital 
alone  starts  and  maintains  the  largest  mining  enter: 
prises- of.  the  day. 


It  is  of  daily  occurrence 
to  note  the  formation  of  a 
new  mining  company  with 
"capital  stock  $1,000,000," 
or  $5,000,000,  or  more.  It 
is  hardly  necessary  to  say 
that  there  is  often  consid- 
derable  difference  between  the  amount  of  money 
actually  subscribed  and  the  "capital  stock."  A 
company  with  a  "capital  stock  "  of  $1,000,000 
may  not  have  enough  actual  stock  subscribed  to 
buy  a  stock  subscription  book.  Capitalization 
has  nothing  to  do  with  the  value  of  the  stock 
or  the  property,  though  it  is  evidently  sup- 
posed to  influence  opinion.  There  is  no  law  against 
capitalizing  a  piece  of  property  worth  $150  at 
$10,000,000.  Those  figures  are  always  nominal,  and 
usually  harmless.  It  is  largely  a  matter  of  custom 
and  should  be  "  more  honored  in  the  breach  than  in 
the  observance." 


From  the  increased  appearauce  in  the  columns 
o!  our  interior  contemporaries  of  a  large  num- 
ber of  applications  for  patent,  it  is  evident 
that  the  recent  advice  of  the  Press  is  being 
followed.  It  is  a  good  move  at  any  time  to 
secure  a  U.  S.  patent  for  a  mining  claim — it 
settles  all  possibility  of  litigation,  and  if  it 
comes  to  a  question  of  sale,  a  patented  claim  can 
in  nearly  all  cases,  be.  sold  easier  than  an  unpat- 
ented one. 


162 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  16,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Oftce,  .Yo.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  Han  Francidbo. 
tt3f  Take  tlw.  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


Annual  Subscription S3  00 

Chicago  Office CHAS.  D.  SPALDING,  320,  189  La  Salle  St. 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 
.1.  F.  HALLORAK General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  March  16,  1895. 


TA.1SLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


hexagonal  nuts.  The  first  shipment  of  not  less  than 
one  thousand  tons  will  be  required  to  be  made  within 
thirty  days  after  time  of  placing  the  order.  Ship- 
ments to  be  made  thereafter  at  the  rate  of  not  less 
than  two  thousand  tons  per  month  until  completion 
of  contract.  That  sounds  like  business.  Later  on 
the  company  will  want  engines  and  cars.  It  is  be- 
lieved that  no  insuperable  obstacles  exist  against 
manufacturing  such  rolling  stock  in  this  city.  This 
is  a  matter  that  the  Manufacturers'  Convention, 
which  meets  next  Tuesday,  can  with  great  pro- 
priety consider. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  —Double-Worm  Direct-Connected  Electric  Ele- 
vator, 161.    Hercules  Boiler  Oil  Injector,  108. 

EDITORIALS.— De  Beers  Con.  Mine  Report;  An  Electric  Elevator; 
Idaho's  Mining  Bill;  Miscellaneous,  161.  The  True  Reason;  Mis- 
cellaneous, 162. 

CORRESPONDENCE.— Drainage  of  Mines:  Mr.  MeFadden's  Ex- 
aggeration, 166. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— Notable  Discovery  In  Electricity^ 
Miscellaneous,  165. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS— Formation  of  the  Rings  of  Wood  in 
Trees;  Miscellaneous.  168. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Aluminum  Alloy;  "What  Is  a  Ma-, 
chine  ?"  Important  if  True,  169. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— Prom  the  Various  Counties  or  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  170-71. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  171 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates.  163.  Pocket  Hunting  in  Cali- 
fornia; Does  Repeated  Vibration  of  Iron  and  Steel  Change  Their 
Molecular  Structure  and  Produce  Rupture?  164.  Coating  for  Iron 
Pipes,  16a.  Wanted  to  Put  It  in  Escrow;  Hercules  Boiler  Oil  In- 
jeCLOr;  Personal;  Obituary.  166.  Consumption  of  Wood  on  the. 
Comstock;  Aluminum:  Quantity  and  Price  for  Last  Ten  Years.- 
172.  Canadian  Lumber,  173.  Recent  Patents,  174.  Coast  Indus- 
trial Notes,  175. 


California  annually  expends  £1,71(1,000  on  its 
roads — "mainly  in  keeping  bad  roads  in  poor 
repair. " 

The  Manufacturers'  Convention,  which  meets  next 
Tuesday  in  this  city,  has  the  hearty  co-operation  and 
support  of  all  who  want  to  overcome,  the  inertia  of 
assuming  that  anything  "made  in  the  East"  is 
necessarily  better  than  if  made  here.  The  habit  of 
sending  East  for  nearly  everything  manufactured  is 
a  long  standing  one;  but  agitation,  effort  and  busi- 
ness organization  can  overcome  it. 

"  Two  American  prospectors  in  New  Mexico  have 
swindled  an  English  representative  of  a  British 
syndicate  out  of  $50,000  by  a  salted  mine.''  That  is 
in  every  way  reprehensible.  The  only  place  any- 
thing like  that  is  admissible  is  in  the  national  capital 
under  administrative  auspices,  where  it  is-  the 
Americans  who  are  swindled;  the  executive  chiefs  of 
the  nation  and  the  British  bond  buyers  being  the 
parties  of  the  second  part. 

Compared  with  the  "  boom  "  in  South  African  and 
Australian  gold-mining  concerns,  the  renewed  active 
ity  in  gold  miniug  on  this  Pacific  coast  is  as  the  mur- 
mur of  a  rivulet  to  the. roar  of  Niagara.  On  Wit- 
watersrand  stock,  though  watered  to  the  saturation 
point — the  companies'  nominal  value  being  nearly 
.£200,000,000  sterling— a  profit  of  nearly  22  per  cent 
on  that  enormous  sum  was  secured  in  '94,  and  as 
new  regions  in  that  ancient  land  of  Ophir  are  discov- 
ered and  new  reports  of  gold  probabilities- reach 
London,  "the  rush  for  all  kinds  of  mining  shares  in  all 
kinds  of  places  recalls  the  days  of  Laws'  South  Sea 
Bubble.      Let  it  be  hoped  the  cases  are  not  parallel. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior  Smith  has  ordered 
that  all  patenting  of  land  to  the  Central  and  Union 
l-*aeific  railroads  be  suspended  till  affirmative  action 
is  taken  toward  the  settlement  of  the  Government 
debt  due  from  those  roads.  This  must  not  be  under- 
stood, however,  as  affecling  the  matter  of  mineral- 
land  claims  on  the  part  of  the  S.  P.  Co.  et  al,  whose 
applications  for  patents  are  now  being  published. 
Last  Monday's  Sacramento  Record  Union  publishes  a 
railroad  application  for  over  200,000  acres,  this  be- 
ing the  latest  of  such  publications  observed.  Miners  in 
Trinity,  Shasta  and  Siskiyou  have  only  two  weeks 
more— till  the  30th  inst.— to  file  protest  at  the  Red- 
ding land  office  if  they  find  their  claims  in  the  land- 
listed  at  the  land  office  at  that  place. 


Like  Colorado,  Nevada  is  forced  by  existing  con- 
ditions to  change  from  a  silver  State  to  a  gold  State, 
and  is  equally  fortunate  in  being  able  to  demon- 
strate the  existence  of  gold  fields  within  its  borders. 
In  gold  production  there  is  no  business  jealousy  or 
need  of  rivalry;  the  more  gold  the  better.  Nevada 
is  desirous  of  attracting  the  attention  of.  Eastern 
capitalists.  In  this  regard  a  word  may  fittingly  be 
uttered.  Confidence  is  a  plant  of  slow  growth;  some 
Nevada  mining  enterprises  in  days  gone  by  were  not 
wholly  conducive  to  promoting  that  confidence  in  min- 
ing operations  so  necessary  to  the  co-operation  of  the 
confiding  capitalist.  Now  that  the  just  attention  of 
millions  of  Eastern  idle  money  is  turning  to  proba- 
bilities of  profit  in  gold-mining  enterprises,  disposi- 
tion to  invest  can  best  be  augmented  by  strict  atten- 
tion to  accuracy  of  statement  and  the  absence  of 
possibility  of  exaggeration  in  any  particular  case. 


expect  partiality.  But  he  has  rights,  no  more,  no 
less,  than  any  other  producer,  and  in  this  instance 
those  rights  have  been  denied  him.  As  a  matter  of 
public  policy,  in  the  direct  line  of  public  interest,  the 
veto  is  a  mistake. 


The  Butte,  Montana,  -District  Court  recently  ren- 
dered a  decision  which,  if  sustained,  will  have  un- 
wholesome effect.  The  owner  of  a  mine  made  a  con- 
tract by  which  the  party  contracted  with  was  to 
operate  his  mine  for  a  certain  time,  and  make  cer- 
tain improvements  with  the  privilege  of  buying  it,  a 
stated  proportion  of  the  proceeds  of  the  ore  to  be 
.paid  to  the  owner,  which  would  be  credited  on  the 
price  in  case  the  mine  was  bought.  If  not,  all  the 
payments  and  improvements  were  to  be  forfeited. 
The  contractor  made  improvements  on  the  mine  for 
which  he  did  not  pay,  failed  to  buy  the  mine  and 
turned  it  over  to  the  owner  with  the  improvements. 
The  court  held  that  he  was  the  agent  of  the  owner, 
under  contract  to  operate  the  mine,  and  that  it  was 
subject  to  a  lien  for  supplies  and  materials  furnished 
at  his  request.  If  this  hold  good,  many  a  mine 
owner  will  fear  to  bond  or  lease  his  mine  with  work- 
ing privilege,  lest  he  be  run  into  debt  against  his 
will  or  beyond  his  financial  ability. 


Secretary  of  the  Interior  Smith  this  week  gave 
a  point  in  favor  of  the  Tyler  Co.,  in  its  famous  litiga- 
tion with  the  Last  Chance  Mining  Co. ,    by   ordering 
that  a  patent  issue  to  the  former.     The  main  case  is 
now  being  argued  before  the  United  States  Supreme- 
Court.     The    two    mines   are    at  Wardncr,    Idaho, 
the  ground  in  dispute   is   worth  $500,000;    there   is 
also  involved  $200,000  worth  of  ore  taken  out  of  the 
disputed  area  by  the  Last  Chance,   and  claimed   by 
the  Tyler.    .The  case  has  been   in   the  Idaho   courts 
for  several  years,  was  taken  before  the  U.  S.  Circuit 
Court  of  Appeals  in  this  city,  where  the  Tyler  peo- 
ple won.     Then  the  Last  Chance  people  succeeded  in 
getting  the  Supreme  Court  to  issue  a  writ  of  certio- 
rari— something  very  unusual  for  the  Supreme  Court 
to  do — and  the  case  is  now  before  the  court -of  final 
resort.     While  this  is  pending  iu  the  court  the  Sec- 
retary of  the  Interior  has  settled   a   side   litigation. 
Part  of  the  Tyler  claim  overlapped  the  Last  Chance. 
In  its  application  for  a  patent  it  waived  all  right  to 
the  overlap,     The  Last  Chance  combatted  the  issu- 
ance of  the  patent  because  of  the  case  being  iu   the 
Supreme  Court.     Secretary  Smith  decides  that  cuts 
no-  figure   in   the  matter, .  and   that,    as   the   Tyler 
waives  all  claim  to  the  overlap,   it  shall  have  patent 
to  the  claim.     In  a  third  way  the  U.  S.  G-overnment 
comes  in  in. relation   to  this  controversy.     The  First 
National    Bank   of   Spokane,  Wash.,    is   one  of   the 
principal  creditors  of  the  Last   Chance,    and   it,    by 
reason    of    insolvency,     is     in    charge     of     United 
States  Controller  of  the  Currency   Eckles.     So  far. 
the  Tyler  has  the  best  of  it   in    the   courts.     Should 
the  Supreme  Court  decide  in  its  favor,  that  would  of 
course  be  final.     Should  the  decision    be  iu   favor  of 
the   Last   Chance,    that   mine's   attorneys  say   that 
would  be  practically  final,  because  the  Court  of  Ap- 
peals would  then  have  to  decide  in  their  favor;  but 
the  Tyler  attorneys  contend  that  were  a   new  trial 
ordered  the  result  would  depend  upon   the   nature. of 
the  instructions  sent  back  by   the  Supreme  Court. 
Should  the  Last  Chance    win   the   suit   the   Spokane 
bank  would  be  released  from  insolvency. 


The  True  Reason. 


The  S.  V.  &  S.  J.  V.  H.  R.  is  assured  of  a  San 
Francisco  terminal.  The  company  calls  now  for 
sealed  proposals,  which  will  be  received  next 
Wednesday  at  the  office,  321  Market  street,  for  the 
delivery  of  ten  thousand  tons  of  62J-lb.  steel  rails, 
best  quality,  on  the  wharf  in  San  Francisco.  Pat- 
tern to  be  submitted  with  bid.  Bidders  are  also  re- 
quested to  make  bids  for  75,000  angle  plates  to  fit 
above  rail;  also  for  4800  kegs  railroad  spikes,  size 
5l-xr\;    also  for   150,000   railroad    track   bolts   fx3J 


The  Governor  has  vetoed  Assembly  bill  50.  He 
considers  it  "unwise  and  injudicious  legislation." 
It  passed  both  houses  as  a  measure  of  justice  to  all 
parties,  and  in  recognition  of  the  right  of  appeal  on 
the  part  of  the  miners.  The  only  desire  was  to  give 
the  miner  the  same  rights  possessed  by  other  mem- 
bers of  the  body  politic.  The  Governor  further  says 
in  defense  of  his  veto  that  the  adoption  of  the  bill 
"would  deprive  courts  of  their  well-established 
powers."  There  is  no  court  in  California  that  would 
be  deprived  of  a  shadow  of  any  inherent  jurisdiction 
or  just  powers  by  the  practical  workings  of  the  bill 
vetoed.  The  veto  was  sustained  by  a  vote  of  30  to 
45.  This  does  not  end  the  matter.  If  only  post- 
pones the  victory  of  right  over  might  and  the  inertia 
of  ignorance.  The  claims  of  the  miners  are  too 
potent,  the  justice  of  their  requests  too  manifest  to 
be  permanently  set  aside.  Above  and  beyond  Gov- 
ernors and  courts  is  the  greatest  tribunal  of  all — 
public  opinion — and  it  is  fast  being  recognized  that 
the  great  industry  that  is  to-day  the  only  prosperous 
one  in  the  State  cannot  continue  to  be  made  the 
venting-ground  of  private  spleen  or  ancient  grudge. 
When  the  California  Miners'  Association  met  last  No- 
vember, the  present  executive,  made  an  address  which 
spoke  fair  and  promised  justice  to  the  miners.  "At 
the  same  time  the  Anti-Debris  Association  had  a 
meeting  in  which  they  declared  against  anything  the 
California  Miners'  Association  convention  might  do 
or  say.  They  didn't  wait  to  see  or  hear  what  was 
said  or  done:  they  were  "  ferninst  "  the  miners  the 
same  as  the  newly  imported  citizen  was  "  ferninst" 
the  Government.  That  was  to  be  expected.  But 
in  the  light  of  recent  events,  better  treatment  of 
such  a  manifest  act  of  justice  as  Assembly  bill  55  was 
expected  from  the  chief  magistrate  of  the  State. 
The  California  miner  doesn't  ask  favors   nor   does  he 


Eastern  papers,  commenting  on   the  increased  ac- 
tivity here  in  gold  mining,    almost   unanimously   ex- 
press  doubt   and   fear    regarding    the    "gambling 
mania,"  the  "stock-jobbing  proclivities,"  etc.,  of  the 
industry,  thus,  singularly,  showing  their  lack  of   un- 
derstanding of  the  real  facts.'    The   natural   turning 
of  men  to  the  mountains  to  get  that    which   alone  in 
these    times   has   not  depreciated   in    value,  has  no 
more    lo  do  with    "stock    jobbing"   or  "gambling 
mania"    than   the    ocean    steamship    has   with   the 
gulls  that  soar  and  scream  in  her  wake.    It  seems  as 
if  the  "  Eastern  "  press  ought  some  time  to  be  able 
to  disassociate  California  gold  mines  from  the  idea  of 
stock-market  fluctuations.     Those   mines  are  rarely 
listed;    their   stock    is   not  at   the  mercy   of  street 
manipulators;  the  ups  or  downs  of  shorts  and  cover- 
ers  do  not  affect  the  value,  and   the   real   reason   for 
the  increased  activity  in  California's  gold-mining  in- 
dustry is  because  there  is  no  better  paying  occupa- 
tion   in   the   world    to-day.     Gold  is  universally  de- 
manded; it  will  buy  more  of  anything  for  sale   than 
ever    before:     hence,   naturally,   men  seek   it   with 
more  ardor   than   ever  before.     With  wheat  at  50 
cents,  butter  at  15,  prunes  at  4,  wine  at  12£,  raisins 
at  3,  eggs  at  8,  and  everything  else   in    the   agricul- 
tural, horticultural  and  dairy   world   at   like  prices, 
the  fact  that  gold  is  still  worth  $20.67  an  ounce;  that 
the  market  cannot  be   glutted,    and   that   increased 
new  processes  make  profitable  the  working  of  low- 
grade  ore,  attracts  the  attention  of  business  men  to 
the  working  of  gold  mines  as  a  business  proposition — 
a  legitimate  investment;  and  ouce  realizing  this  fact,, 
they  of  course  investigate   where   the   gold  is   and 
where   the   best  experience   has   produced  the  best 
methods,  and  where  the  most  likelihood  of  sure   re- 
turns can  be  found.    It  is  because  of  these  facts,  and 
not   from   any -yearning   for  "gambling  mania "  or  . 
"  stock  jobbing, "  that  Eastern  men  are   now   secur- 
ing valuable  gold  properties  in  this  State. 


March   16,   1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


l'S 


Concentrates. 

Tin:  exact  value  nT  a  tOl  1002,927.23. 

Tbbbs  will  be  no  "suspension  of  assessments"   for  the  cut 

rent  year. 

[.<  £  An<  1 1  iM>-  are  bonding  properties  in  the  new  Mountain 
Springs  district. 

TBBGold  Basin  mining  Held  is  uow  the  most  extensive  gold- 
producing  region  in  Arizona. 
The  "Alturaa  Gold  Company,"  of  London  fame,  has  been 

finally  "wound  up"  in  that  city. 

Alaska  jwxpers  say  five  times  as  many  immigrants  are  going 
to  the  Yukon  as  can  find  a  living. 

Akizona  ranks  third  in  the  production  of  »pper,  being  sur- 
passed by  only  Michigan  and  Montana. 

The  English  owners  of  the  Twin  Lake  Placer  Co.,  Colorado, 
have  declare  d  a  140,500  dividend  for  'iM. 

■■it  a  do  proposes  to  hold  an  International  Mining  and  In- 
dustrial Exposition  in  Denver  next  year. 

The  Banner  mill  at  Idaho  City,  Idaho,  closed  dowu  last  week 
for  the  seascn.    It  will  resume  crushing  in  July. 

IT  Is  expected  that   the  present  number  of  miners  in   the 

rg,  Grass  Valley  (20),  will  soon  be  doubled. 
Tin:  Crass  Valley  Union  nays:     "The  new  tariff  law  is  hav- 
ing a  beneficial  effect  abroad  as  well  us  at  home." 

Mb.  H.  S.  Allah  is  the  manager  of  the  Northwestern  Min- 
ing Bureau,  recent  ly  established  at  Seattle,  Wash. 

The  Le  Roi  is  opened  to  a  greater  depth  than  any  other 
mine  in  Kootenay.     The  working  shaft  is  300  feet  deep. 

The  Bi-Metallie  Company  at  Phillipsburg  is  treating  about 
800  tons  of  ore  per  day  and  has  nearly  500  men  at  work. 

The  Oregon  &  California  Mining  and  Milling  Co.  expect  to 
stai  t  i he  mill  upon  their  property  near  Henley  shortly. 

Kubher:-  scare. 1  away  the  watchman  of  the  Daisy  Hill  mine 
at  Grass  Valley  last  Tuesday  night  and  looted  the  works. 

The  James  Watson  hydraulic  gold  mine,  near  Igo,  Shasta 
county,  has  beeu  issued  a  permit  by  the  Debris  Commission. 

A  bill  is  pending  in  the  Nevada  Legislature  providing  for 
the  consolidation  of  Storey,  Ormsby,  Lyon  and  Douglas  coun- 
ties. 

Park  City,  Utah,  ores— almost  exclusively  lead  and  silver — 
can  be  handled  with  profit,  even  with  silver  selling  at  sixty 

Nevada  CODHTT  papers  report  gravel  $8  to  the  pan,  200  feet 
wide  and  four  feet  deep,  at  the  Harmony  mine— a  regular 
bonanza. 

1  IRE  in  the  Old  Abe  mine,  near  San  Antonio,  New  Mexico, 
last  Saturday,  proved  fatal  to  eight  poor  fellows  who  perished 
near  the  shaft. 

In  Cripple  Creek  and  Leadville,  the  two  best  mining  camps 
uf  Colorado,  the  leasing  system  is  the  present  favorite  method 
of  development. 

Tue  incline  on  the  Queen,  Golden  Cross  M.  &  M.  Co., 
Hedges,  Cat.,  is  down  450  feet.  Seventy  men  are  employed  at 
the  mill  and  mine. 

Several  experienced  Nevada  county  miners  have  gone  to 
South  Africa  and  British  Columbia,  where  good  positions  have 
been  assured  them. 

Tub  Bostou  &.  Montana  smelter  at  Great  Falls  is  now  run- 
ning at  Its  full  capacity.  For  some  time  past  it  has  been 
operated  with  a  reduced  force. 

A  property  owner  of  West  Point,  Calaveras  Co.,  recently 
advertised  for  a  lawyer  to  locate  in  that  lawyerless  town. 
The  want  was  immediately  supplied. 

The  Rio  Grande  Western  Ry.  Co.  is  still  boring  for  water  at 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah;  and  has  secured  a  depth  of  1073  feet 
and  appears  to  be  getting  a  long  well. 

Discontent  and  distress  in  Sicily  have  been  increased  by 
the  closing  of  many  sulphur  mines.  More  than  25,000  miners 
have  been  thrown  out  of  work  recently. 

The  Rico,  Col.,  Smelting  and  Refining  Co.  has  incorporated; 
capital  stock,  $100,000;  directors:  A.  B.  Roder,  D.  B.  Ellis,  F. 
T.  Osgood,  J.  E.  Searles  and  E.  N.  Searles. 

The  Debris  Commission  has  granted  a  permit  to  operate  to 
the  James  Slater  mine,  Brownsville,  Yuba  county,  as  soon  as  a 
restraining  dam  has  been  constructed  and  approved. 

The  Snow  Shoe  mine,  near  Thompson  Falls,  Montana,  has 
been  sold  to  H.  C.  Walters  of  Spokane  for  §100,000.  A  100- 
stamp  mill  will  be  erected  on  the  mine  in  the  spring. 

Encouraged  by  the  success  of  the  Wall  street  bond  syndi- 
cate with  Government  representatives,  gold  brick  swindlers 
are  displaying  renewed  interest  in  their  old  business. 

The  new  town  of  Gaylord,  Montana,  where  the  Parrot  Com- 
pany intend  building  their  smelter,  is  about  four  miles  from 
Whitehall  at  the  base  of  a  spur  of  the  Tobacco  Root  range. 

Captain  De  Lamar  is  said  to  have  invented  an  improved 
cyanide  process,  which  he  will  test  at  the  new  mill  recently 
built  on  the  Monitor  and  Jim  Crow  gold  mines  at  Ferguson, 
Nevada. 

The  Hite  Gold  Mining  Company  has  incorporated.  Direct- 
ors—William S.  Chapman,  G.  H.  Mangels,  J.  E.  Mason,  A.  E. 
Shattuck  and  George  C.  Munro.  Capital  stock,  $500,000;  all 
subscribed. 

The  Nickel  Plate  Mining  Company  is  a  new  organization  at 
Caldwell,  Idaho,  that  has  now  under  construction  a  large  boat 
for  the  purpose  of  dredging  Snake  river  to  test   a  new   gold- 
saving  machine. 
- 

The  gold  output  of  the  Witwatersrand,  S.  A.  district,  seems 
to  have  reached  high-water  mark  in  December  '9-4.  The  Janu- 
ary output  was  177,463  ounces — 4641  ounces  less  than  that  of 
the  preceding  month. 

The  Tacoma,  Wash.,  banks  have  begun  to  take  British 
Columbia  coin  from  customers  at  par.  The  object  is  to  increase 
the  provincial  trade  with  that  city,  and  this  it  already  has  be- 
gun to  do.  Reports  reach  the  banks,  however,  that  the  mer- 
chants, or  at  least  some  of  them,  are  still  discounting  the 
foreign  coin.     For  instance,  a  merchant  may  take  a   British 


r  SO  cents  and  deposit  it  in  the  bank, 
receiving  SB  cents  therefor,  and  making 3 cents,  or  85  per  i 
by  the  operation.    If  this  is  continued  the  banks  say  They  will 
not  accept  the  coin  at  par. 

The  California  Debris  Commission  has  before  it  a  large  num- 
ber of  petitions  for  the  resumption  of  hydraulic  mines  in  vari- 
ous northern  counties.  Next  Monday  eight  applications  t<> 
resume  hydraulic  mining  will  be  heard. 

Tdb  Albuquerque,  Arizona,  Citizen  libels  the  reputation  of 
berrit  trial  legislators  in  Instancing  the  era  of  cheap  prices  by 

the  allegation  that    "a    majority    in   the   tower  house  of   the 
Legislature  was  recently  bought  forS87." 

W.  H.  Ct.viiK  claims  that  his  new  mill  in  Butte,  Montana, 
can  treat  every  class  of  gold  ore  except  tellurium.  He  asserts 
that  all  gold  is  free  in  ore  except  in  tellurium  ores,  and  backs 
his  judgment  by  a  §150,000  investment. 

The  Anaconda,  Montana,  Standard  claims  to  have  inside 
information  that  the  Burlington  will  be  extended  to 
Butte  this  year,  connecting  with  the  Butte,  Anaconda  &  Pa- 
cific.   The  latter  will  also  he  built  to  Boise,  Idaho. 

The  Juneau,  Alaska,  Mining  Record  issues  a  souvenir  edi- 
tion for  February  that  would  be  a  credit  tc  any  community  In 
the  country.  It  is  possessed  of  artistic  merit  and  contains 
much  of  merit  regarding  the  mines  of  that  Territory. 

The  general  public  does  not  hear  of  one  mining  deal  in  ten. 
The  parties  to  the  transaction,  especially  if  it  be  a  small  one, 
usually  give  out  no  information.  A  complete  record  of  the 
mining  transfers  made  in  the  State  for  one  day  would  be  in- 
teresting. 

The  "lost  Peg  Leg  mine"  has  been  discovered  again,  this 
time  by  Mr.  Chas.  Achterrman  in  the  Cahuilla  reservation, 
Riverside  Co.  It  is  alleged  to  be  "in  a  saddle  on  the  San 
Jacinto  range  of  mountains,"  with  its  headquarters  evidently 
where  its  hindquarters  ought  to  be. 

L.  C.  Bragg  has  changed  the  National  City,  San  Diego  Co., 
reduction  works  into  a  cyanide  plant,  and  is  treating  the  tail- 
ings by  that  process.  These  tailings  are  from  rebellious  ores 
from  Cedros  islands,  and  contain  from  810  to  §20  per  ton.  The 
company  now  has  5000  tons  of  tailings  which  will  be  worked. 

At  the  Gold  Ridge  mine,  near  Graniteville,  Cal.,  last  week, 
George  Dey  and  John  Rennie  were  working  in  a  drift  and 
were  putting  in  a  blast.  One  of  the  caps  exploded  and  fell  in 
the  box  of  caps,  causing  them  to  all  explode.  Dey  was  killed 
outright  and  Rennie  injured  so  badly  that  he  is  not  expected 
to  live. 

H.  L.  Childs,  of  Montana,  and  some  New  York  and  Newark, 
N.  J.,  men,  have  incorporated  the  Syndicate  Gold  Mines  and 
Mill  Company,  with  a  capital  stock  of  85,000,000.  The  articles 
say  that  the  operations  of  the  company  are  to  be  carried  on  in 
any  part  of  the  world.  The  principal  office  is  to  be  at  Virginia 
City,*  Montana. 

The  coroner's  jury  has  found  that  the  gas  explosion  in  the 
White  Asb,  Colorado,  mine  on  the  27th  ult.,  which  killed 
twenty-four  men,  was  due  to  lack  of  air,  one  air  shaft  being 
obstructed  by  water.  Heavy  damage  suits  will  be  instituted 
against  the  company  by  relatives  of  the  victims,  unless  a  com- 
promise is  effected. 

A  syndicate  of  Denver  men  have  bought  a  placer  claim  on 
Four  Mile,  Carbon  county,  Wyoming  for  8100,000.  It  was  for- 
merly owned  by  John  C.  Davis  of  Cheyenne  and  A.  Kendall  of 
Rock  Springs.  The  purchasers  will  expend  a  quarter  of  a 
million  dollars  in  developing  the  property.  This  is  said  to  be 
the  largest  mining  deal  ever  recorded  in  Carbon  county. 

The  Katie  mine  at  Basin,  Montana,  has  been  attached  for 
$73,000  by  a  number  of  creditors,  among  them  being  the  West- 
ern Iron  Works,  which  has  a  claim  against  the  mine  for  new 
machinery  furnished.  This  property  is  operated  by  the  Glass 
Bros.,  one  of  whom  is  now  in  the  East  for  the  purpose  of  rais- 
ing money  with  which  to  place  the  enterprise  on  its  feet 
again.  The  Katie  is  considered  one  of  the  best  properties  in 
Basin. 

"A  prospector  brought  fourteen  pounds  of  ore  into  The 
Needles  recently  which  netted  him  84000.  It  was  obtained 
from  a  quartz  lead  within  sixty  miles  of  that  point."  This  is 
clipped  from  a  city  daily  of  the  5th  inst.  Fourteen  pounds 
avoridupois  is  about  202.5  Troy  ounces:  thus  the  ore  netted  a 
fraction  over  $19.75  per  ounce.  When  it  is  considered  that  the 
gold  coin  of  the  U.  S.  is  only  worth  818.605  per  ounce,  at.  fine 
gold  prices,  it  is  evdent  that  this  is  pretty  good  ore. 

The  Shasta  Courier,  referring  to  the  time  it  was  first  pub- 
lished, March,  1352,  says  850  octagonal  coins  were  then 
plentiful,  820  pieces  common,  and  810  and  85  pieces  rated  as 
small  change,  while  $2.50  and  smaller  coins  were  considered 
what  is  now  called  "chicken  feed,"  aud  gold  dust  by  the 
ounce  was  a  legal  tender  for  bills  anywhere.  The  same  may 
be  said  of  Yreka  in  1S52-3-4-5.  Ten  dollars  a  ticket  was  the 
price  to  a  ball  or  dance,  25  cents  for  a  drink  or  smoke,  and  a 
dollar  for  a  meal. 

The  Land  Department  has  recently  decided  :  First— A  set- 
tlement claim  that,  will  defeat  the  operation  of  a  railroad 
grant  must  be  of  a  character  capable  of  being  asserted  by  the 
party  in  possession  under  the  settlement  laws.  Second — It 
having  been  held  that  a  placer  location  of  160  acres  by  an  asso- 
ciation requires  a  discovery  of  mineral  on  each  twenty  acres, 
opportunity  will  be  given  the  locators  for  a  further  showing 
where,  under  tne  rulings  in  force  at  the  time  of  location,  a 
single  discovery  was  deemed  sufficient. 

Since  the  decision  of  the  Department  of  the  Interior,  sus- 
taining the  claim  of  John  H.  McBride  to  120  acres  of  school 
section  16  at  Tacoma  as  gold-mining  land,  there  have  been  six 
more  filings  on  the  already  well-covered  section.  Three  of 
these  claims  were  filed  lately.  Rudolph  Martin  claims  twenty 
acres ;  Louis  Drexler  claims  ten  acres,  and  Caroline  Miller 
claims  twenty  acres.  It  is  said  the  claimants  are  acting  for 
other  parties.  Each  location  states  the  land  is  to  be  used  for 
placer  mining,  which  is  very  unlikely. 

The  old  days  of  the  Mooneyville  excitement  near  the  Cliff 
House  are  recalled  by  the  renewed  activity  in  beach-sand 
gold  mining  oh  the  ocean  shore  southward  from  Sutro  Heights. 
There  are  four  separate  parties  now  at  work,  scattered  along 
to  the  San  Mateo  Co.  line,  The  sand  is  said  to  yield  82.50  per 
ton,  and  one  party  reports  an  ability  to  treat   twenty   tons  a 


day.      Severs  arough  the  years  have  been  made  i" 

andspay  They  are  almost  limitless  iu  quantitj 
and  contain  gold,  the  same  u^  m  a  hundred  other  localities 
along  the  California  and  Oregou  coasts.  Banta  lV  Wink,  of 
■  Orford,  Or.,  write  to  the  Mining  lnd  Scikntifk  Peess 
that  their  system  at  thai  place  bos  proved  to  be  a  ureal  sue 
cess.    They  decline  to  give  the  furmula  of   i  In  chem- 

ical process,  but  claim  they  do  not    use   any   quicksilver.     The 
workers  at  Mussel  Keek  and  elsewhere  belov 
use  the  amalgamation  process. 

A  pBOi-usmnx  is  before  the  Nevada  Legislature  to  amend 
institution  so  that  patented  mines  can  be  taxed.  The 
institutional  convention  held  in  Nevada  provided  tor 
the  taxation  of  mines.  That  Constitution  was  overwhelm- 
ingly defeated  aud  the  convention  which  framed  the  present 
Constitution  eliminated  that  clause  and  exempted  mines  and 
mining  claims  from  taxation.  The  people  ratified  the  Consti- 
tution and  if  they  are  now  in  favor  of  taxing  patented  and  un- 
patented mines,  that  can  be  ascertained  without  much  ex- 
pense to  the  State  by  submitting  the  proposition  to  the  voters 
at  a  general  election. 

Thebe  has  never  been  a  time  in  the  previous  history  of 
Montana  when  so  much  iuterest  has  been  taken  in  mining 
matters,  says  the  Marysville  Messenger.  Even  some  of  the 
old  fellows  who  have  stuck  to  their  mines  like  grim  death  tQ 
an  African,  have  given  up  the  idea  of  becoming  millionaires 
without  work;  and,  being  impecunious,  have  decided  to  bond 
some  of  their  prospects  and  allow  them  to  be  developed. 
Judging  from  personal  knowledge,  and  that  gained  from  the 
press  and  individuals,  we  are  confident  that  fully  double  the 
number  of  mines  will  be  operated  during  the  year  1895  than 
there  were  in  the  year  1894. 

Hetty  Greek,  the  eccentric  woman  who  possesses  so  many, 
million  dollars,  is  the  owner  of  a  mine  near  Sutter  Creek, 
that  was  the  original  mine  where  one  of  California's 
wealthiest  men  got  his  start  in  life.  The  timbers  took  fire 
and  ruined  the  shaft  for  further  use,  without  the  expenditure 
of  a  large  sum  of  money,  and  the  mine  was  transferred  to  the 
departed  Mr.  Green  in  payment  of  a  claim.  Although  it  is  a 
valuable  property,  not  a  cent  has  been  taken  out  of  it  for 
years,  and  Mrs.  Hetty  will  neither  work  it  herself  nor  permit 
any  one  else  to  work  it.  It  is  said  that  the  present  Assessor 
of  Amador  county  contemplates  raising  the  assessment  on  the 
property  from  $8000  to  $100,000  and  compel  the  lady  to  take 
some  interest  in  her  California  property. 

Concentration'  is  having  quite  a  boom  at  Idaho  Springs  and 
Central  City,  Colorado,  and  every  mine  owner  is  tryiug  to  get 
his  ore  to  this  kind  of  treatment.  It  is  beginning  to  be  under- 
stood that  the  ores  are  not  sufficiently  free  milling  to  stand 
that  method  of  milling.  The  Fisk  made  a  test  of  ores  at  a 
concentrator  in  Idaho  Springs  last  week  and,  it  is  said,  got  a 
return  greater  by  forty  per  cent  than  the  same  ores  bring  at 
the  stamp  mills.  A  number  of  new  mills  are  planned  for 
Idaho'Springs  and  will  be  built  during  the  summer.  The 
Newton,  a  new  stamp  mill,  has  been  enlarged  by  the  addition 
of  a  concentrating  plant  of  fifty  tons  daily  capacity,  and  the 
movement  for  concentration  is  so  strong  that  there  are  more 
offers  of  ore  than  a  mill  of  three  times  the  size  can  handle. 
Many  properties  which  could  otherwise  work  are  consequently 
forced  to  lie  idle. 

"A  Thousand  Dollars  a  Day  "  is  the  name  of  an  interest- 
ing fancy  written  by  Miss  Adelina  Knapp,  of  this  city,  and 
published  by  the  Arena  Company,  of  Boston.  The  story  tells 
of  the  effect  of  a  general  distribution  of  the  wealth  of  the  Gol- 
conda  mine,  in  Arizona,  throughout  the  United  States.  The 
mine  being  fabulous  in  extent  and  inexhaustible,  S1000  in  gold 
was  to  be  given  to  every  man  and  woman  over  eighteen  years 
old  every  single  day,  and  paid  at  the  banks.  The  first  day 
there  was  a  thrill  of  delight  at  receiving  the  shining  coin. 
Men  settled  up,  or  promised  to  settle,  and  made  new  pur- 
chases, and  business  boomed.  In  three  days  all  work  stopped. 
There  were  no  policemen  to  guard  the  gold,  because  nobody 
wanted  gold,  nor  would  take  it  as  a  gift.  What  people  wanted 
was  bread,  meat,  cars  to  run,  a  sexton  to  attend  to  a  burial 
perhaps,  a  cook,  a  carpenter.  In  time  the  mint  stopped  coin- 
ing, gold  was  used  for  the  arts  and  manufactures  only,  and 
labor  was  the  only  commodity  for  exchange.  The  capitalists 
and  politicians,  even,  took  their  places  and  their  turns  at 
work. 

A  wood  pile  in  Lead  City,  S.  D.,  belonging  to  the  Home- 
stake  Gold  Mining  Company,  is  composed  of  timbers  abjut  the 
size  of  railroad  ties,  which  are  used  in  supporting  the  walls 
and  roofs  of  the  drifts  and  tuunels  of  the  mines.  A  narrow- 
gauge  railroad  brings  the  logs,  which  have  been  sawed  flat  on 
two  sides,  to  a  point  on  the  mountain  slope  about  000  feet 
above  the  valley,  and  they  are  then  thrown  into  a  wooden 
chute  about  four  feet  wide  and  two  feet  deep.  The  inside  sur- 
face is  kept  smooth  and  slippery  by  a  small  stream  of  water. 
If  the  logs  were  allowed  to  run  directly  to  the  ground,  they 
wou'd  speedily  excavate  an  enormous  hole  besides  damaging 
themselves,  so  the  lower  end  of  the  chute  is  curved  upward, 
and  the  logs  leave  it  at  an  angle  of  about  60°  with  the  hori- 
zontal and  rise  from  150  to  200  feet  in  the  air,  turning  over  and 
over,  and  finally  landing  on  the  enormous  pile  already  there. 
A  useful  fact  in  connection  with  this  method  is  that  the  logs 
sort  .themselves  in  the  pile  according  to  their  size;  the  heavier 
ones,  having  a  greater  momentum,  are  all  found  at  the  side 
farthest  away  from  the  chute. 

Esmeralda  Co.,  Nev.,  will  have  a  little  stir,  by  reason  of  a 
deal  made  this' week,  which  involves  about  §2,000,000.  Since 
the  days  of  the  Northern  Belle  the  accumulated  tailings  have 
been  a  mass  of  unrealized  wealth.  The  Holmes  Mining  Co. 
has  contracted  with  an  English  company,  disposing  of  about 
400,000  tons  of  those  tailings  for  fifty  cents  per  ton,  and  to  de- 
liver about  700,000  tons  low  grade  ore  at  the  rate  of  $3.50  per 
ton  for  all  ores  whose  assay  value  is  fifteen  ounces  per  tou. 
Ores  running  between  fifteen  and  twenty  ounces,  worked 
by  the  English  Co.,  are  to  pay  the  Holmes  Co.  twenty-five  per 
cent  of  the  battery  assay  value.  All  ore  assaying  above 
twenty  ounces  per  ton  is  reserved  by  the  Holmes  Co.,  to  be 
worked  at  the  Candelaria  mill.  The  English  Co.  will  '* clean 
up"  the  Belleville  and  Candelaria  mills,  receiving  therefor 
forty-five  per  cent  of  the  result.  The  latter  is  to  begin  within 
thirty  days,  and  the  proposed  plant  for  working  the  tailings 
is  to-be  in  operation  within  four  months  from  date.  All  settle- 
ments are  to  be  monthly.  It  is  estimated  the  erection  of  the 
plant  for  working  the  tailings  will  involve  a  preliminary  ex- 
penditure of  nearly  $250,000. 


164 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  16,  1895. 


Pocket   Hunting  in   California. 


NUMBER    II. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  W.  H.  Storms, 
M.  E, 

As  the  distribution  of  gold  in  veins  of  the  pocket 
type  is  very  irregular,  those  unacquainted  with  this 
class  of  gold  mine  would  very  naturally  be  led  to  in- 
quire, by  what  method  the  pocket  hunter  is  enabled 
to  discover  his  bonanza. 

Pockets  and  pocket  veins  are  found  principally  in 
two  ways:  By  a  systematic  search  known  as 
"surfacing,"  and  incidentally  as  the  result  of  placer 
mining.  Doubtless  pockets  have  not  infrequently 
been  found  by  means  of  rich  float  quartz  lying  upon 
the  surface  almost  in  place,  or  at  least  not  far  re- 
moved from  the  original  deposit,  but  these  occur- 
rences are  more  rare,  and  their  discovery  is  the  re- 
sult of  good  fortune  rather  than  anything  else. 

In  the  pocket  mining  regions  of  Mariposa  and 
Tuolumne  counties  the  prospector  is  not  guided  by 
any  topographical  feature  or  by  any  particular  in- 
dication on  the  surface,  unless,  indeed,  he  be  on  the 
line  of  a  well-known  vein  or  series  of  pockets.  His 
first  venture  is  usually  of  the  haphazard  sort.  He 
simply  "goes  prospecting"  and  selects  a  place 
where -no  one  has  been  before  and  inaugurates  a  sys- 
tem of  search.  He  usually  chooses  a  slope,  though 
the  flats  are  not  neglected..  The.  method  of  investi- 
gation undertaken  is  called  "surfacing."  He  begins 
by  digging  a  series  of  small  holes  along  the  slope. 
These  holes  may  be  five  or  ten  feet  apart.  The  soil; 
rocks  and  other  material  taken  from  each  hole  is 
-washed  separately  •  to  determine  the  presence  Or 
absence  of  gold.  Presuming  that  gold  is  found  in 
some  of  these  holes,  it  is  usually  noticed  that  those 
places  showing  gold  are  contiguous,  while  on  the 
outer. limits  the  soil  tested  shows  little  or  no  gold. 
;.-.:  Having  now  determined  the  width  of  the  gold- 
bearing  hillside  deposit  at  this  particular  level,  the 
indefatigable  prospector  opens  a  second  series  of 
holes  higher  up  the  slope  and  immediately  above  the 
•first.  As  a  rule  he  finds  more  gold  and  he  notes 
ihat  the  width  of  the  gold-producing  area  is  not  so 
broad  as  at  the  lower  series  of  holes.  This  is  at 
Once  encouraging,  and  he  hastens  to  make  a  third 
series  of  test  holes  still  higher  up  the  slope.  As  be- 
fore, gold  is  found,  but.  distributed  across  a  nar- 
rower field  than  at  the  second  series  of  holes.  The 
.^old-bearing  area,  as  determined  by  the  labors  of  the 
prospector,  is  assuming  the  form  of  the  triangle 
with  its  apex  pointing  up  the  slope.  Continuing  the 
operation  in  the  manner  described,  the  pocket  is  at 
last  found  at  the  very  apex  of  the  pyramid,  though 
possibly  some  distance  below  the  surface  under  the 
loose  soil  imbedded  in  solid  rock,  or  perhaps  it  may 
be  found  mingled  with  broken  rock  which  has  moved 
but  little  from  its  original  position.    - 

All  observing  persons  have  noticed  that  rocks  roil- 
ing down  a  slope  from  a  common  point  spread  out  in 
the  shape  of  a  fan,  diverging  more  and  more  as  the 
distance  from  the  point  of  starting  increases.  Gold 
freed  by  nature  from  its  matrix  in  the  rocks  dis- 
tributes itself  over  a  slope  in  exactly  the  same  man- 
ner. The  pocket  hunter  is  well  acquainted  with  this 
simple  principle  and  an  experienced  prospector, 
after  making  two  series  of  holes  as  described,  can 
often  locate  very  closely  the  source  of  the  gold  foimd 
in  surfacing.  Usually  the  gold  is  coarser  near  the 
pocket  than  at  a  distance  from  it;  it  also  shows  in- 
creasing roughness  as  the  pocket  is  approached.  All 
these  indications  are  noted  with  care  by  the  pocket 
hunter,  and  he.  acts  in  accordance  with  the  indica- 
tions. 

A  simple  case  with  a  successful  termination  has 
only  been  cited.  The  pursuit  of  the  elusive  "pocket" 
is  not  always  so  easy  nor  as  successful  as  might  be 
inferred.  It  is  often  a  perplexing  and  discouraging 
task.  Landslides  of  ancient  origin;  great  depth  of 
soil;  interfering  rock  reefs  which  have  influenced 
the  direction  of  the  float;  the  erosion  of  gulches  and 
a  score  of  other  things  combine  at  times  to  worry 
and  defeat  the  prospector.  A  scarcity  of  water, 
which  is  not  uncommon,  only  adds  to  the  vicissitudes 
of  pocket  hunting.  The  several  samples  of  dirt 
taken  from  the  little  holes  on  the  hillside  must  be 
sacked  and  kept  separate,  and  carried  sometimes 
several  miles  to  water,  or  down  into  a  deep  canyon, 
through  high  brush,  over  ragged  rocks  to  a  point 
where  water  can  be  obtained. 

Considering  all  the  drawbacks  to  pocket  hunting, 
together  with  the  uncertainty  of  the  i-esult,  it  is  not 
hard  to  believe  that  pocket  hunters  must  possess  a 
most  sanguine  temperament. 

A  great  many  pocket  veins  have  been  discovered 
by  placer  miners,  who  have  been  led,  foot  by  foot, 
directly  to  the  source  of  the  gold  found  in  the 
gulches.  The  miner  having  worked  his  rich  diggings 
up  to  a  quartz  vein  and  finding  on  passing  it  that 
the  placer  contains  less  gold  or  none  at  all,  at  once 
concludes  that  the  source  of  his  gulch  gold  is  the 
quartz  vein  over  which  he  has  just  passed. 

Prospecting  the  vein  quartz  and  finding  no  gold, 
his  next  conclusion  is  (basing  his  judgment  on  experi- 
ence) that  the  pay  is  "  spotted,"  or,  in  other  words, 
a  "pocket  vein,"  for  it  not  infrequently  occurs  that 


a  bonanza  is  not  at  once  discovered  on  the  vein — 
those  pockets  which  had  supplied  the  gulch  having 
been  entirely  eroded. 

Then  the  experienced  pocket  hunter  shows  his 
skill.  He  begins  a  systematic  search  for  "  indica- 
tions." He  strips  the  vein,  if  it  is  not  already  well 
exposed,  in  search  of  a  "crossing,"  the  nature  of 
which  was  described  in  a  former  paper  on  this  sub- 
ject. A  "crossing1'  is  a  fissure,  large  or  small,  in- 
tersecting another  vein  at  an  angle.  For  instance, 
assuming  the  main  vein  to  strike  north,  dipping  45° 
east,  a  fissure  having  a  nearly  east  and  west  course 
and  dipping  anywhere  from  45°  to  90°  either  north  or 
south  and  intersecting  the  main  vein,  would  be  called 
a  "  crossing." 

It  may  be  that  the  conditions  at  the  surface  are 
such  that  the  miner  does  not  consider  it  the  best 
plan  to  open  the  vein  longitudinally  in  search  of  a 
"crossing."  His  alternative  is  to  sink  a  shaft  on 
the  vein  in  search  of  a"  gold  seam,"  which  is  the 
other  essential  for  a  regular  pocket  mine.  A  "gold 
seam  "  is  also  a  fissure  intersecting  the  main  vein  at 
any  angle.  It  is  usually  small  and  has  a  strike  nearly 
parallel  with  the  vein.  "Crossings"  and  "gold 
seams  "  do  not  conform  to  any  rule  as  to  their  angles 
of  intersection  with  the  main  vein,  nor  in  their 
angles  of  dip.  It  is  evident  that  a  "  crossing  "  strik- 
ing west  and  standing  perpendicular  and  intersect- 
ing a  quartz  vein  striking  north,  dipping  at  any 
angle,  will  become  a  "gold  seam"  if  the  "  crossing  " 
assumes  a  dip  approaching  the  horizontal;  so  they 
are  simply  relative  terms,  but  the  relation  is  not 
constant,  the  only  requisite  being  that  both "  the 
,"  crossing  "  and  the  "  gold  seam  "  shall  intersect 
the  main  vein,  and  also  that  they  shall  intersect  each 
other.  It  is  at  the  point  of  intersection  of  these 
three  planes,  viz:  the  vein,  the  "crossing"  and  the 
"gold  seam,"  that  the  bonanza  is  found,  if  found  at 
all.  '  '.'.". 

These  seams  are  the  guide  to  the  pocket  hunter  in 
the  majority  of  cases,  but  it  appears  that  there  are 
exceptions  to  this  rule  and  that  pockets  do  some- 
times occur  under  other  conditions. 

About-  a  mile  from  Big  Oak  Plat,  in  Tuolumne 
county,  is  a  pocket  mine  known  as  the  Silken.  It 
has  produced  thousands  of  dollars  from  a  small  space, 
comparatively  speaking.  The  pockets  have  all  oc- 
curred within  a  well-defined  area,  in  the  form  of  a 
shoot  thirty  feet  long  and  about  four  feet  wide  at 
the  middle.  This  shoot  pitches  northward  along  the 
vein  at  an  angle  of  45°. 

The  vein  strikes  north,  dipping  west  at  about  40° 
near  the  surface,  but  becomes  flatter  with  depth.  It 
occurs  in  slates  which  strike  east  and  west,  dipping 
southward  at  8(1°.  The.  vein  cuts  directly  across 
these  slates.  Along  this  vein  "  gold  seams  "  running 
nearly  parallel  with  it  cut  down  from  the  hanging 
wall,  making  an  intersection  with  the  vein.  The 
miner  follows  this  line  of  intersection.  "  Crossings  " 
are  found  parallel  with  the  slates,  cutting  down 
through  the  vein  and  "gold  seams,"  and  deposits  of 
gold  are  almost  invariably  found  at  the  intersection 
of  the  three  planes.  These  pockets  range  in  value 
from  $111  or  $20  to  several  "hundred  dollars.  The 
owner  of  this  mine  told  me  that  he  had  averaged  $150 
a  month  ever  since  striking  the  pay  shoot  to  which 
the  pockets  are  confined.  He  worked  alone  most  of 
the  time,  six  days  a  week  and  about  six  or  seven 
hours  a  day.  The  Silken  is  a  distinct  type  of  mines 
of  the  pocket  class.  It  is  not  often,  however,  that 
the  pockets  occur  within  well-defined  limits,  as  ap- 
pears to  be  the  case  here. 

There  is  another  very  interesting  little  mine  not 
far  from  the  Silken;. on  the  same  hill,  in  fact.  It  is 
known  as  the  Ophir.  It  is  rather  an  unusual  de- 
posit, but  it  has  paid  well  for  the  small  amount  of 
work  performed  upon  it.  The  Ophir  mine  is  one 
mile  northwest  of  Big  Oak  Flat.  The  vein,  which  is 
small,  varying  from  a  seam  to  two  feet  in  thickness, 
lies  nearly  flat,  intersecting  slates  which  stand  per- 
pendicular, striking  15°  west  of  north.  The  princi- 
pal development  on  the  mine  at  the  time  I  saw  it 
was  a  tunnel  170  feet  in  length,  that  had  been  driven 
on  a  fault  which  strikes  across  the  slates  at  a  low 
angle,  but  is  also  perpendicular.  This  slip,  being- 
younger  than  the  flat  quartz  vein,  has  fractured  it, 
that  portion  of  the  vein  and  the  inclosing  rock  lying 
to  the  north  of  the  slip  having  dropped  down  from 
one  to  three  feet.  It  is  in  the  mass  of  crushed  slate 
and  fragments  of  quartz  lying  between  the  fractured 
ends  of  the  quartz  veins  that  the  gold  has  all  been 
found.  Over  $4000  had  been  taken  from  this  170- 
foot  tunnel  in  less  than  two  months  by  two  men.  Tn 
addition  to  the  coarse  gold,  obtained  by  pounding  up 
the  selected  material  in  a  hand  mortar,  considerable 
mill  rock  is  also  obtained  which  is  worth  over  $100  a 
ton. 

Bald  mountain,  near  Sonora,  in  Tuolumne  county, 
is  a  treasure  vault  of  bonanzas.  It  has  already  pro- 
duced hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars  and  is  still 
the  scene  of  active  mining  operations.  Most  of  the 
mines  are  of  the  pocket  class.  I  had  the  opportu- 
nity of  making  an  inspection  of  one  of  these  mines 
near  the  base  of  the  mountain  near  Shaw's  Flat, 
known  as  the  Louis  Page  mine,  famous  not  only  for 
its  richness,  but  also  for  the  great  brilliancy  and  ex- 
treme beauty  of  the  specimens  of  crystallized  gold 
and  telluride  of  gold  and  silver  (petzite). 

The  Page  fissure  is  from  a  seam  to   three  feet  in 


width  and  is-  usually  accompanied  -  by  more  or  less 
quartz.  ■  It  strikes  northeasterly  through  meta- 
morphic  rocks  of  varying  character  and  altered  erup- 
tives — diorite  or  diabase,  diorite-porphyrite,  black 
argillaceous  slate  and  a  sandy  mica  slate,  hard,  dense 
quartzite  and  felsitic  dike  rocks.  A  dike  of  light- 
colored  rock  of  felsitic  texture  is  found  throughout 
all  the  workings  of  this  mine.  In  places  it  is  not 
over  an  inch  wide;  in  others  it  has  a  width  of  several 
feet.  It  sends  numerous  branches  off  into  the  slaty 
rock  of  the  walls.  In  some  instances  good-sized  nug- 
gets of  gold  have  been  found  attached  to  the  dike 
rock.  A  dike  rock  of  similar  appearance  was  found 
in  this  mine  occupying  a  horizontal  position.  It  ap- 
peared to  have  no  influence  on  the  gold.  All  of 
these  dikes  are  older  than  the  fissure  in  which  the 
gold  occurs,  as  the  crevice  frequently  intersects  the 
dikes  and  displaces  them. 

As  usual,  the  gold  in  this  mine  occurs  at  the  inter- 
section ..of  "crossings,"  "  gold  seams"  and  the  vein 
proper,'  either  in  the  quartz  or  in  the  wall  rock  near 
the  intersection.  The  best  results,  I  was  informed, 
were  found  where  the  "gold  seams"  were  nearly 
horizontal  and  just  at  the  point  where  a  nearly  ver- 
tical "  crossing '"  intersected  both  vein  and  "gold 
seam".  There  have  been  exceptions,  I  am  told,  in 
this  mine,  as  gold  has  been  found  at  the.  intersection 
of  a  "crossing"  and  the  main  vein.  On  the  other 
hand,  all  of  the  necessary  conditions — vein,  "cross- 
ing" and  "gold  seam" — have  been  found,  but  no 
gold.  What  the-real  cause  for  this  is  no  one  has  yet 
been  able  to  satisfactorily  determine. 

This  mine  has  a  record  of  production  exceeding 
$165,000.  The.  lessees  who  were  operating  the  mine 
at  the  time  of  my  visit  had  been  engaged  for  more 
than  two  years  in  driving  the  lower  tunnel  into  the 
vein  through  rock  which  sometimes  cost  nearly  $100 
a  foot,  They  simply  demonstrate  what  has  already 
been  said — that  it  requires  a  sanguine  man  to  make 
a  successful  pocket  miner. 

The  Saratoga'mine,  a  mile  north  of  Sonora,  is  also 
a  pocket  mine  with  a  record  of  production  exceeding 
$100,000.  The  vein,  from  two  inches  to  four  feet  in 
width,  strikes  north  50°  east,  dipping  70°  northwest. 
It  is. a  simple  fissure  cutting  the  formation,  slates, 
quartzite,  limestone  and  older  dikes.  The  strike  of 
this  formation  is  north  25°  west  with  a  dip  to  the 
northeastward.  Although  this  fissure  cuts  several 
varieties  of  argillaceous  quartzose,  magnesian  and 
calcareous  rocks,  no  gold  is  found  in  the  vein  adja- 
cent to  any  of  them  except  the  black  argillites.  Ac- 
companying the  vein  is  a  dike  of  felsitic  rock. 

The  fissure  is  also  a  plane  of  displacement.  The 
successive  formations  of  the  footwall  side  are  found 
repeated  in  their  respective  order  on  the  hanging- 
wall  side  thirty  feet  distant  to  the  southwestward. 
It  appears  to  be  an  example  of  the  "  thrust  "  type 
of  faulting.  The  walls  of  the  fissure  are  deeply  stri- 
ated in  places. 

All  the  gold  thus  far  found  in  this  vein  has  been  at 
the  intersection  of  "gold  seams  "  and  "crossings," 
but  then  only  when  the  crossings  occur  in  the  slates. 
In  this  respect  the  Saratoga  mine  resembles  the 
Bonanza. 

The  mines  thus  far  described  are  all  in  Tuolumne 
county  and  for  most  part  are  similar,  and  exemplify 
to  a  nicety  the  theory  of  the  pocket  hunter  that 
gold  occurs  at  the  intersection  of  three  planes,  one 
of  which  is  the  quartz  vein.  Similar  mines  occur  in 
Mariposa  county.  There  is  a  belt  of  pocket  mines 
running  through  that  county  which  are  somewhat 
different  in  character,  and  will  be  described  in  an- 
other article. 


Does    Repeated    Vibration    of    Iron    and    Steel 

Change  their  Molecular  Structure  and 

Produce   Rupture ? 

In  an  article  by  Mr.  Rickard  upon  "The  Limita- 
tions of  the  Stamp  Mill,"  which  appeared  in  these 
columns  some  time  ago,  the  statement  was  made 
that  "vibration  under  all  conditions  will  crystallize 
iron.".  This  statement  was  criticised  and  as  a  result 
of  the  criticism  a  very  interesting  discussion  has 
been  running  in  the  Transactions  of  the.  American  In- 
stitute <>f  Mining  Engineers,  a  portion  of  the  discussion 
having  been  published  in  Volume  XXIII,  page  141-5, 
and  557,  while  a  continuation  of  the  most  interesting- 
part  of  the  same  will  appear  in  the  Vol.  XXIV  which 
will  be  published  in  about  three  months.  This  sub- 
ject is  of  interest  to  engineers.  The  following  sum- 
mary of  the  discussion  is  from  advance  pages  of  the 
Transactions: 

Mr.  Philip  Argall  holds  that  intense  vibration 
under  any  condition  will  eventually  crystallize  iron 
and  holds  that  such  crystallization  is  simply  a  ques- 
tion of  time.  While  admitting  that  the  authorities 
differ  upon  the  possibility  of  cold  crystallization  of 
iron,  he  believes  it  to  be  a  settled  and  undisputed 
fact  that  vibration  in  the  presence  of  heat  will 
crystallize  iron,,  quoting  in  support  of  the  latter 
proposition  Messrs.  Blaxam  &  Huntington,  Hall  & 
Howe,  quoting  also  in  support  of  the  former  opinion 
the  opinion  generally  prevailing  in  many  text  books 
and  writings  upon  the  subject. 

He  also  cited  some  experiments  and  conclusions  of 
(C<mMi"ed  oil  po-ae  17Z.) 


Mard,    16     1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


165 


Electrical  Progress. 

Notable   Discovery  in   Electricity. 


The  year  18MJ  was  not  reimirkarilc 
for  epoch-making  discoveries  in  science, 
but  was  busily  occupied  in  the  prosecu- 
tion of  familiar  lines  of  research,  with 
useful  applications  of  existing  knowl- 
edge as  the  chief  result.  Nevertheless 
something  h;^  been  done  to  widen 
the  intellectual  vision  and  stimulate 
thought  in  now  directions.  Perhaps 
the  most  striking  original  work  of  thr 
pas)  year  was  Pbilipp  Lenard's  appli- 
cation in  England  of  Hertz's  discovery 
that  metallic  films  are  transparent  to 
tin' dark  rays  issuing  from  the  neg- 
ative pole  in  the  rase  of  electric  dis- 
charge in  a  hij,'h  vacuum.     Mr.  Lenard 

Cl  >'■'!  One  end  of  a  vacuum  tube  with 
an  aluminum  lilm  thick  enough  to  re- 
sist atmospheric  pressure  and  studied 
the  rays  after  passage  through  the 
metal.  The  air  outside  was  seen  to 
({low  faintly.  All  the  ordinary  phos- 
phorescent effects  produced  by  Crook  es 
in  a  vacuum  were  thus  readily  pro- 
duced in  air.  These  rays  from  the 
negative     pole,     though   not    affecting 

tl ye  ami  producing  no  sensation  in 

l  lie  skin,  are  yet  photographically 
active,  and  to  the  tongue  and  nostrils 
have  the  taste  ami  smell  of  ozone. 

Unlike  the  rays  of  ordinary  light. 
they  cannot  pass  through  quartz  plates, 
Inn  do  not  pass  through  metal  films 
which  arc  opaque  to  light.  In  respect 
in  air  or  gas  their  behavior  is  equally 
novel.  Ordinary  light  passes  through 
gas  as  if  it  were  a  homogeneous 
medium  and  becomes  dispersed  or 
makes  its  path  visible  only  incase  there 
are  solid  particles,  such  as  dust,  Moat- 
ing in  the  gas.  But  these  rays  from 
the  negative  pole,  or  "cathode  rays," 
affect  the  gas  molecules  as  if  they 
were  solid  particles  floating  in  a  con- 
tinuous medium.  In  other  words,  all 
i.Mse.s,  however  transparent,  to  ordi- 
nary light,  are  turpid  to  cathode  rays, 
.mil  the  degree  of  turpidity  depends 
wholly  upon  the  density  or  mass  of  the 
gas  molecules  present,  irrespective  of 
their  chemical  character.  Oxygen,  for 
example,  under  a  reduced  pressure 
that  brings  it  to  the  density  of  hydro- 
gen, is  as  transparent  as  hydrogen, 
while  hydrogen,  if  brought  by  pressure 
to  the  density  of  oxygen,  becomes  as 
turpid  as  oxygen. 

The  cathode  rays  traverse  a  perfect 
vacuum  with  facility.  After  passing 
through  the  aluminum  screen  their 
radiation  in  air  stops  at  a  distance  of 
eight-tenths  of  an  inch,  but  in  hydro- 
gen it  extends  to  four  inches  and  in  a 
vacuum  to  fifty-two  inches.  While  the 
rarest  gas  disperses  the  cathode  ray 
into  a  blur,  as  a  fog  disperses  an  ordi- 
nary ray,  its  movement  in  a  vacuum  is 
in  a  straight  line.  But  a  magnet 
brought  near  deflects  if.  The  ques- 
tion of  the  nature  of  matter  is  raised 
by  some  of  Mr.  Lenard's  experiments, 
the  experimenter  being  of  opinion  that 
the  fact  that  every  gas  molecule  acts 
as  a  solid  obstacle  to  the  passage  of  the 
cathode  rays  is  a  proof  that  the  mole- 
cule is  only  "a  function  of  the  ether 
itself" — virtually  that  there  is  no 
matter,  unless  the  name  can  be  given 
to  ether,  a  substance  that  eludes  all 
tests.  Prof.  J.  J.  Thompson,  on  the 
other  hand,  finding  that  the  rate  of 
propagation  of  these  phosphorescence- 
producing  cathode  rays  is  much  less 
than  that  of  ordinary  light,  but  about 
one  hundred  times  as  great  as  that  of 
the  hydrogeu  molecule,  solves  the  diffi- 
culty by  assuming  that  electrified 
gaseous  molecules,  rather  than  the 
ether,  are  the  seat  of  this  mysterious 
force. 

A  practical  utilization  of  the  cathode 
rays  has  been  in  theEbert  luminescent 
lamp.  The  inventor  states  that  a 
serviceable  light  can  be  obtained  by 
means  of  his  lamp  with  an  expenditure 
of  one-two-thousandth  part  of  the 
energy  consumed  in  the  acetate  unit 
lamp.  Just  what  weight  is  to  be  given 
to  his  claim  is  in  doubt,  but  it  is  evi- 
dent that  we  have  in  Hertz's  discovery 
and  Ebert's  lamp  a  promise  of  a  new 
method  of  electric  lighting  vastly 
■cheaper  than  those  wit)]  which  we  are 
.at- present  familiar, 


h  is  stated  that  two  new  companies, 
iu  addition  to  the  one  now  deriving 
power  from  Niagara  Falls,  will  put  iu 
plants  there,  and  will   furnish  power  to 

industrial    establish nts    in     Buffalo. 

Prices  as  low  as  s_  or  $3  per  year  per 
horse  power  are  talked  of  by  one  com- 
pany, which  already    controls    a    canal 

from  which  power  for  a  number  of  fac 

lories  is  derived,  the  waste  water  fall- 
ing over  the  cliffs.  It  is  expected  that 
by  simply  fixing  pen  stocks  to  the  face 

of  the  cliffs,  placing  water  wheels  at 
the  bottom  and  turning  this  waste 
into  them,  about  30,000-borse  power 
will  be  available.  —  American  Machinist. 


The  operators  of  the  Bakersfield 
electric  light  plant  arc  experiencing 
no  little  annoyance  of  late  by  the  soft 

wires  between  the  commutator  and 
armature  burning  out.  Sometimes  they 
do  not  last  more  than  one  night.  I"p 
till  recently  nothing  of  the  kind  had 
happened  for  four  years.  No  satisfac- 
tory reason  for  it  can  be  found.  In- 
formation from  various  places  says  that 
similar  trouble  is  occurring  to  other 
plants. 

Major  Jewbtt,  of  Buffalo,  in  a 
speech  at  a  recent  banquet,  said  that 
among  other  delightful  things  which 
Niagara  will  do  for  Kuffalo  arc:  Shovel 
snow,  wind  the  clocks,  run  mother's 
sewing  machine,  bathe  baby,  pound 
beefsteak,  feed  the  canary,  cut  the 
grass,  boil  eggs  and  take  a  hand  at 
whist. 

According  to  the  daily  press,  D.  C. 
Pressley.  of  this  city,  has  developed  a 
device  for  "producing  electricity  di- 
rect from  heat."  Turn  off  the  heat: 
turn  on  the  light. 


Coating  for  Iron    Pipes. 

The  best  coating  for  iron  pipes  that 
can  stand  the  heat  at  250°  or  more  is 
made  with  a  good  asphalt  lacquer  laid 
on  thinly.  In  order  to  tint  this,  an 
oxide  in  pulverized  form  of  any  metal  is 
added;  for  instance,  if  good  zinc  or 
white  tin  is  mixed  with  the  asphalt  it 
gives  a  gray  shade,  while  red  lead 
gives  a  brownish  tint.  If  the  asphalt 
is  laid  on  thinly  and  "  tin  bronze  "  (the 
well  known  white  bronze  in  the  form  of 
powder)  is  lightly  dusted  over  it,  it 
gives  a  coating  of  very  pretty  shade. 
A  cheap  and  durable  coating  for  steam 
pipes  made  of  iron  is  somewhat  difficult 
to  find,  especially  if  the  coating  is 
designed  to  protect  the  pipe  against 
rust.  It  is  difficult  to  put  a  durable 
coating  on  surfaces  that  have  to  with- 
stand great  changes  of  temperature, 
but  in  this  case,  when  rust  of  the  pipes 
is  to  be  feared,  it  would  be  better  to 
refrain  from  painting  the  pipes  at  all, 
and  to  zinc  them  instead.  When  they 
are  covered  with  zinc,  the  fine  pores  of 
the  iron  are  completely  closed,  which 
is  not  the  case  with  painting.  A  good 
zincing  of  the  pipes  half  way  up  also 
gives  a  pretty  steel -like  gray  tint.  To 
produce  a  red  color  the  pipes,  after 
being  zinced,  could  be  coated  with 
some  lead  paint.  If  it  is  not  considered 
advisable  to  use  a  zinc  bath,  a  coating 
of  red  lead  or  zinc  powder  oil  and  sec- 
cative  can  be  used  instea:].  But  how- 
ever good '  these  may  be,  they  would 
not  be  successful  in  the  case  referred 
to  in  the  question.  If  any  oil  paint 
should  be  used,  care  should  be  taken 
that  this  adheres  properly  to  the 
metallic  iron  surface;  consequently  a 
thorough  cleansing  is  necessary.  If 
the  red  lead  or  vermillion  referred  to 
is  employed,  care  must  be  taken  that 
it  is  not  adulterated.  The  good  genuine 
red  lead  (Paris  red)  is  a  mixture  of 
super  oxide  of  lead  with  litharge  and 
not  with  the  ordinary  iron  vermillion 
(English  lead);  the  latter  consists  of 
oxide  of  iron  and  peels  off  far  more 
easily  than  the  first-mentioned  color. 
To  hinder  the  peeling  a  light  coaling  of 
lacquer  is,  in  several  cases,  brushed 
over  the  paint,  but  this,  of  course,  in- 
creases the  expense  of  the  operation. 

INVENTORS,      Take      Notice  t 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

^'.Market  St.,  N.  15.  Corner  From  (Upstairs),  San 
FitANCisco.  Expt-M-imeiit;il  mnchlnui'.v  :mtl  :i!l  kimlh 
of  models.  Tin  and  braHawork.  AH  cotmmmlca- 
tlons  strictly  confidential. 


*    &f  FOR  Alt  PURPOSES  5. 

wi^t  r\opf:Tn;/\MW/\Vs. 


Mill  Ban 


^TRENTON.N.J.^- 
N.v.orricK 

COOPERHEWITT&CO.-I?  BURLING  SLIP 

Chicago  office  ■*, ->',"-=  iiwmohaonockb'lo'c 


Selby  Smelting 

nlUka  n  d  JUt^i^. 

Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street  Ban  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Offico. 

HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

13LUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC..  ETC. 


Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  PateDt. 


I 


RUPTURE! 

T    Iihh   been    considered    by    the    medical 

profession  that  beruu*    oomn t.v  called 

rupture—  wan  Incurable,  except   bj  mirRi- 
cal  operation)  which  i>  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  ■uccessful.    Hut 

lilt.  .I.C.  ANTHONY,  «f  80  and  87  OHRON1- 
t  l,K  BUlXDXNGi  h»»  opened  a  new  Held  For 
researohi  and  f"r  the  past  year  Iihh  heen  mak- 
ing Aome  remarkable  cnreii  He  causes  Ihe 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  tiring  near  enough 
do  not  lone  any  time  only  while  In  hi*  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantee*  every 
case  he  treat*,  and  does  not  ask  a  mau  for  a 
dollar  unleHH  he  cures  hint,  ho  there  can  he  no 
Chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  duel  or 
Ik  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 


Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope.  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  a=S" Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

611   and  613  FRONT  ST.,  San  Frauclsco.  Cal. 


IMPROVED   FORM   OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


GEAR  CUTTING 

M     SPECIAUTY, 

Fine  Work  at  Bedrock  Rates. 

SPUR,  BEVEL,  and  WORM  GEARS  of  any 
pitch  or  size  up  to  50  Inches. 

<<<<    TAPS  AND  REAMERS  GROUND.    )))> 

Experimental   Machinery  and  Repair  Work  ol  all  kinds. 

P.  T,  TAYLOR  &  CO., 

583  Mission  Street,  -  -  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


BOILER  OIL  INJECTORS 


Progression  is  the  order  of  the  day. 

Attach  one  of  "LUNKENHEIMER'S"  to  your  boiler  and  you 
will  be  astonished  with  results.  The  only  Injector  made  that  will 
entirely  free  your  boiler  of  scales. 

Practical  in  Construction;  Simple  in  Operation. 

Provided  with  a  visible  feed.  Sizes  %  pint  to  1  gallon.  Specify 
and  insist  on  "LUNKENHEIMER'S"  and  you  will  get  the  best." 
Consult  Dealer.  New  Catalogue  of  Superior  Steam  Specialties, 
gratis  upon  request. 


FRANCIS     SMITH     &     CO., 


-MANUFACTURERS  < 


SHiEWi 


FOR     TOWN     \A/f\TER     \A/ORK^S. 

Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes. 

130  BEALE  STREET.  SAN   PRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  Tor  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required.  Are  prepared  fur  cuatiufr  all  sizes  of  I'lprji 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


166 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  16,  1895. 


Drainage  of  Mines. 


To  the  Editor  : — I  am  pleased  to  see  that  this, 
the  most  important  operation  in  mining,  is  now  re- 
ceiving the  attention  it  has  so  long  deserved,  and 
that  great  efforts  are  being  made  in  various  ways  to 
reduce  the  weight  of  the  old-style  Cornish  pumping 
engines,  which  is  not  at  all  surprising  when  we  con- 
sider the  huge  weights  which  are  kept  almost  con- 
stantly in  motion  in  order  to  effect  the  drainage  of 
mines,  the  moving  parts  weighing  all  the  way  from 
50  to  400  tons.  In  the  direct  single-acting  Cornish 
engine  there  is  not  the  same  objection  to  this 
enormous  weight  as  there  is  in  the  rotary  engine,  as 
the  inertia  of  the  rod  and  engine  on  the  change  of 
the  down  to  the  up-stroke  is  effected  without  loss  of 
power  by  the  compression  of  the  steam  between  the 
piston  and  the  cylinder  end,  the  compressed  steam 
being  utilized  to  overcome  the  inertia  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  up-stroke,  which  accounts  in  a 
very  great  measure  for  its  superiority  in  poiut  of 
economy  over  the  old-style  rotary  engine,  although 
inferior  to  the  modern  rotary  pumping  engine. 

It  is  evident  enough  that  the  loss  of  power  in  re- 
versing the  moti&n  from  the  down  to  the  up-stroke 
in  the  rotary  engine,  when  running  fast  especially,  is 
very  considerable,  and  that  the  greater  the  weight  of 
the  machinery  in  motion  the  greater  is  the  loss  of 
power,  and  it  has  appeared  to  me  for  several  years 
that  there  was  a  good  opportunity  for  some  one  to 
reduce  what  in  this  enlightened  age  appears,  to  mine 
owners  especially,  the  outrageous  weight  of  these 
engines,  and  especially  so  where  freight  and  fuel  is 
high,  and  I  have  no  doubt  it  will  be  interesting  to 
every  one  engaged  in  mining  operations  to  learn  that 
I  have  succeeded  in  reducing  it  seventy  per  cent, 
and  instead  of  a  rod,  weighing,  say  150  tons,  travel- 
ing at  the  rate  of  two  miles  an  hour,  my  rod  is  only 
forty-five  tons  weight  to  do  the  same  work,  and, 
besides,  requires  no  balance  bobs  in  the  shaft,  which 
is  alone  an  immense  saving;  some  of  the  deep  mines 
using  three  or  four,  for  which  large,  expensive  exca- 
vations have  to  be  made  in  the  side  of  the  shaft,  in 
addition  to  the  cost  of  the  bobs. 

In  order  to  overcome  the  inertia  of  this  reduced 
weight,  I  have  adopted  a  spring  buffer  similar  in 
action  to  the  steam  buffer  above  mentioned  in  the 
Cornish  engine,  which  takes  effect  in  my  rotary 
pumping  engine  just  as  it  approaches  the  end  of  the 
down-stroke,  whereby  the  effort  to  stop  the  rod  at 
the  end  of  the  down-stroke  is  done  by  the  spring 
instead  of  by  the  engine,  and  the  spring  relaxing  as 
soon  as  the  crank  turns  center  exerts  itself  to  over- 
come the  inertia  at  the  start  of  the  up-stroke  by 
which  this  loss  of  power  is  almost  entirely  overcome. 
This  will  appear  all  the  more  important  when  you 
consider  it  is  repeated  20,000  times  iu  twenty-four 
hours  when  the  engine  is  going  full  speed.  The 
buffer  or  buffers  consist  of  a  large  area  of  vulcanite, 
and'  is  adjusted  by  screws  when  in  motion,  and 
causes  no  jar  whatever  on  the  engine  with  a  small 
fly-wheel  on  the  crank-shaft.  This  engine  is  so  con- 
structed that  it  ean  be  driven  by  electric  power  as 
well  as  with  water  or  steam  power,  provision  being 
made  to  allow  the  electric  machinery  to  get  into 
motion  before  the  pumps  are  set  in  motion  by  means 
of  a  brake  clutch,  which  dispenses  with  the  difficulty 
hitherto  experienced  in  starting  the  heavier  kind  of 
machinery  with  electric  power. 

This  great  reduction  in  the  weight  of  the  ma- 
chinery is  accomplished  simply  by  adopting  double- 
acting  instead  of  single-acting  pumps,  and  by  an 
important  modification  in  the  construction  of  the  rod. 
In  the  double-acting  pump  the  column  of  water  is 
only  one-half  the  weight  and  size  it  would  be  if  a 
single-acting  pump  was  used,  evidently,  and  hence  a 
great  relief  to  the  valves  and  foundations  of  the 
pumps,  and  the  rod  of  course  only  requires  to  be 
heavy  enough  to  force  the  columns  on  the  down- 
stroke  and  strong  enough  to  lift  them  on  the  up- 
stroke. This  extra  strength  is  acquired  by  con- 
structing the  rod  in  the  usual  way,  excepting  that  it 
is  only  one-third  the  weight,  and  two  steel  plates  ex- 
tend its  whole  length,  so  that  I  am  not  relying  on  the 
tensile  strength  of  the  wood  but  on  the  steel  plates, 
which  are  twenty  times  stronger  than  wood,  the  latter 
being  used  only  to  give  rigidity  and  weight  to  the 
rod,  and  thus  avoiding  the  ordinary  risk  of  breaking 
the  wood  rod,  which  has  been  a  curse  to  mining  from 
its  infancy. 

I  use  both  a  double-pole  plunger  pump  with  self- 
lubricating  stuffing  boxes  and  a  double-acting  piston 
plunger  pump,  provided  with  a  self-lubricating 
piston  and  self-lubricating  stuffing  box.  They  are 
both  provided  with  self-tightening  stuffing  boxes 
when  they  are  liable  to  be  submerged  for  any  length 
of  time.  These  stuffing  boxes  are  also  provided  with 
bolts  for  tightening  them  in  the  usual  way,  which  I 
hope  will  remove  the  prejudice  existing  in  some 
quarters  against  the  automatic  gear.  The  plungers 
and  the  piston  rod  are  guided  in  the  centers  of  the 
stuffing  boxes  the  same  as  the  piston  rod  of  a  steam 
engine,  and  to  compensate  for  the  swelling  of  the 
ground   and    wood    the   guides    are    adjustable   by 


box  attending  the  old  style  of  wood   guides   without 
proper  means  of  adjustment. 

One  would  have  thought  that  this  great  reduction 
in  the  weight,  combined  with  a  general  improved 
condition  all  round,  while  retaining  the  valuable  and 
generally  approved  features  of  the  Cornish  type, 
would  have  been  sufficient  to  satisfy  every  one,  for 
the  time  at  least;  but  this  is  very  far  from  being  the 
case.  Attempts  are  being  made  to  do  away  with 
transmission  rod  and  motor  on  the  surface  both  by 
electricity  and  compressed  air  derived  from  water 
power  a  great  distance  from  the  mines.  Well,  I  have 
been  mining  all  my  life,  and  every  attempt  at  deal- 
ing with  large  quantities  of  water  with  machinery 
down  the  mine  has  almost  invariably  resulted  in  its 
being  sooner  or  later  drowned,  while  with  the  Cornish 
system,  however  often  the  mine  may  fill  with  water, 
it  will  pump  it  out  again. 

The  greatest  difficulty  in  miuing  is  to  keep  the 
bottom  of  the  shaft  dry,  so  that  you  can  sink,  even 
with  the  most  reliable  machinery.  It  is  obvious 
enough,  I  think,  even  to  those  who  have  never  been 
down  a  mine,  that  every  time  the  pump  stops  the 
water  accumulates  iu  the  bottom  of  the  mine,  and  no 
more  sinking  can  be  done  until  it  is  removed,  and 
that  if  there  are  repeated  stoppages  very  little  or 
no  sinking  will  be  done;  and  the  same  thing  retards 
all  the  operations  in  the  bottom  of  the  mine.  In  fact, 
the  effective  drainage  of  a  mine  is  the  life  and  soul 
of  it,  because  it  does  not  matter  how  rich  the  ledge 
may  be,  you  cannot  work  it  under  water;  and  although 
I  am  a  great  admirer  of  electricity,  I  think  it  less 
adapted  to  the  drainage  of  mines  than  any  other  pur- 
pose on  account  of  the  multiplicity  and  distribution 
of  its  parts  when  derived  from  water  power  a  great 
distance  from  the  mine.  Wji.  Nance. 

Grass  Valley,  Cal. 


fir.  McFadden's  Exaggeration. 


Hercules  Boiler    Oil  Injector. 


To  the  Editor  : — When  in  Sonora  some  two  weeks 
since,  I  saw  an  extract  in  your  paper  from  some  San 
Francisco  daily,  signed  by  one  McFadden,  in  which 
he  stated  that  he  had  recently  been  to  Folsom  and 
tried  what  he  could  make  rocking  for  gold.  He 
made  60  cents  the  first  day,  and,  after  being  shown 
how,  made  $2  and  $3  a  day,  and  said  that  there  was 
room  there  for  hundreds  of  the  unemployed  to  do 
the  same;  and  also  mentioned  that  the  water  com- 
pany charged  so  much  for  the  water  used.  I  have 
been  looking  for.just  such  a  chance  through  Cala- 
veras and  Tuolumne  counties,  and  at  the  same  time 
looking  for  work,  and  I  was  induced  to  make  my 
way  to  Folsom  by  reading  the  above.  When  I 
arrived  there  I  got  acquainted  with  four  placer 
miners  who  have  been  working  all  winter,  and  they 
told  me  they  were  not  going  to  work  at  rocking  any 
more,  as  they  had  only  made  thirty  cents  a  day  all 
winter.  There  is  a  large  land  grant  here,  called  the 
Natoma  grant,  on  which  they  were  mining,  and  the 
Natoma  Company  rent  out  water  from  their  ditch. 
So,  finding  out  that  a  Mr.  Silverhorn  had  charge  of 
the  water  and  would  be  likely  to  know  if  any  one 
was  making  moDey  at  mining  or  not,  I  went  and  saw 
him.  He  had  heard  about  what  McFadden  had  said, 
and  he  immediately  said  it  was  false  and  could  not  be 
done,  and  he  also  told  me  of  an  old  miner  who  was 
working  there  and  could  no  longer  make  his  grub. 
He  said  McFadden  might  have  taken  out  what  he 
did  by  cleaning  up  some  old  sluice-box  or  something 
of  the  kind.  I  understand  there  is  one  small  com- 
pany sluicing  and  making  wages,  while  another  near 
by  are  running  behind.  I  have  long  thought  that 
the  days  of  the  rocker  are  gone  by,  and  only  the  hard 
times  made  me  think  of  trying  it,  and  these  $2  or  $3 
a  day  diggings  are  not  lying  around  loose. 

Auburn,  Cal.,  March  9,  1895.  S.  Horton. 


"K 


ssgsgaggra 
iVt©. 


The  use  of  kerosene  oil    in   boilers   has   heretofore 

been  somewhat  retarded  by   the   inability   to  secure 

,     J,  .,     .    some  device-  that 

J-ag  ^B-U    wouid    insure     its 

»:M  entry  into  the 
"spy'-ryrd^p-j  boiler  in  quanti- 
ties sufficiently 
minute  to  produce 
satisfactory  re- 
sult, The  Her- 
cules Boiler  Oil 
Injector,  herewith 
illustrated,  feeds 
by  the  drop.  It  is 
easily  attached  to 
the  feed  water 
pipe  anywhere  be- 
tween   the    pump 

or  injector  and  boiler  by  tapping  the 
feed  water  pipe  and  screwing  in  two 
oue-fourth  inch  pipes,  which  are 
brought  down  to  and  connected  with 
globe  valves  on  machine.  The  in- 
jector must  always  be  below  the  feed 
water  pipe.  These  connections  can 
be  made  between  the  pump  and 
heater,  if  desired,  and  have  the  oil 
pass  through  heater,  and  also  keep 
that  free  from  incrustation.  This  is 
especially  desirable  with  many  kinds 
of  heaters,  as  they  are  liable  to  get 
stopped  up  by  scale.  The  injector  is 
entirely  automatic  in  operation. 
Once  set  for  the  number  of  drops  per 
minute  required  (according  to  the 
amount  and  kind  of  mineral  matter 
in  the  water  used),  it  requires  no  further  attention 
except  to  refill  when  empty.  It  is  for  sale  in  this 
city  at  the  machinery  depot  of  the  Parke  &  Lacv 
Co.,  21  &  23  Fremont  St. 


Wyo., 


Wanted  to  Put  It  in    Escrow. 


One  day  this  week  the  mining  l-ecorder  of  Trail 
Creek  district  was  up  at  Eossland.  He  was  ap- 
proached by  a  Spokane  capitalist,  who  would  buy  a 
mine,  or  the  makings  of  one,  if  he  could  only  get  a 
miner's  license  without  paying  for  it.  Said  he  to  the 
mining  recorder  :  "  Can't  you  issue  a  miner's  license 
in  blank,  and  leave  it  here  with  my  friend,  who  will 
fill  in  my  name  and  send  it  to  me  at  Spokane  if  I 
should  have  occasion  to  use  it  ?"  "  No,"  replied  the 
mining  recorder;  "  I  am  not  issuing  miner's  licenses 
to  be  placed  in  escrow." — Eossland  Miner. 


screws,  thus  avoiding  the  cramping   in    the   stuffing 


"  If  a  fellow  attacked  my  opinions  in  print,  would 
I  reply  ?  Not  I,"  said  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes.  "  Do 
you  think  I  don't  understand  what  my  friend,  the 
professor,  long  ago  called  the  hydrostatic  paradox  of 
controversy  ?  Don't  know  what  that  means  ?  Well, 
I  will  tell  you.  You  know  that  if  you  had  a  bent 
tube,  one  arm  of  which  was  of  the  size  of  a  pipestem 
and  the  other  big  enough  to  hold  the  ocean,  water 
would  stand  at  the  same  height  in  one  as  in  the  other. 
Controversy  equalizes  fools  and  wise  men  in  the  same 
way,  and  the  fools  know  it," — The  Outlook. 


Personal. 

W.  G.  Dodd  of  the  Union  Iron  Works  has  secured  letters 
patent  on  his  new  ore  crusher. 

Mr.  A.  F.  Manning  has  returned  from   Lewiston, 
where  he  bought  a  promising  mine. 

A.  N.  Peterson,  of  Sutter  Creek,  has  been  engaged  as  mill- 
man  for  a  ten-stamp  mill  near  Mokelumne  Hill. 

T.  A.  Richard  has  resigned  mine  management  at  Rico 
Col.,  and  resumes  his  work  as  consulting  mining  engineer  in 
Denver. 

Supt.  Daggett  of  the  Mint  has  gone  to  Anspi,  Sonora, 
Mexico,  where  he  owns  a  gold  mine  which  is  about  to  be  re- 
opened. 

E.  T.  Harrison  has  been  appointed  Pacihc  coast  agent  of 
the  Hannibal  &  St.  Joseph  and  associated  roads,  with  head- 
quarters in  this  city. 

Col.  H.  R.  Atres,  resident  manager  for  Fraser  &  Chalmers, 
Chicago,  has  returned  home  from  an  extended  trip  through 
the  west  half  of  North  America. 

L.  A.  Pelton,  of  this  city,  has  been  awarded  the  Elliott- 
Cresson  medal  by  the  Franklin  Institute,  for  his  improve- 
ments in  tangential  water  wheels. 

Superintendent  Shinn  of  the  Hayward-Lane  new  gold 
mine  at  Silver  Bow  Basin,  Juneau,  Alaska,  expects  to  return 
in  about  a  mouth,  taking  the  new  thirty-stamp  mill,  referred 
to  in  last  week's  issue,  up  with  him. 

F.  Von  Weisshuhn,  a  Berlin  scientist,  recently  sent  by  the 
German  Government  to  make  an  examination  of  the  mineral 
resources  of  this  country,  is  traversing  Colorado  on  his  journey 
westward.  He  expects  to  make  an  extended  sojourn  in  this 
State. 

Herbert  Lang,  ore  buyer  for  the  Selby  Smelting  and  Lead 
Company  of  San  Francisco,  is  about  to  remove  from  Seattle  to 
Spokane,  Wash.  The  Selby  Company  is  an  extensive  buyer 
in  that  section,  its  business  last  year  amounting  to  about 
32, 000, 000. 

W.  B.  Storey  Jr.,  recently  connected  with  the  Debris  Com- 
mission, has  been  appointed  engineer  of  the  San  Francisco  and 
San  Joaquin  Valley  railroad.  He  is  a  graduate  of  the  State 
University  and  is  a  native  of  California.  He  was  for  a  long 
time  assistant  to  the  chief  engineer  of  the  Southern  Pacific. 

Dr.  S.  H.  Emmons  has  received  35000  from  the  United 
States  Government  for  the  use  of  his  new  explosive,  known  as 
emmanite,  of  which  he  is  the  inventor.  This  is  not  an  out- 
and-out  purchase  of  his  right,  but  merely  payment  for  a  trial 
of  the  compound,  to  ascertain  whether  its  adoption  by  the 
Government  is  advisable.  If  adopted,  Mr.  Emmons  will  se- 
cure a  royalty  on  all  used. 


Obituary. 


died 


L.  T.  Day,  chief  adjuster  of  the  United  States  mint, 
suddenly  at  his  residence  on  the  12th  inst.,  aged  46. 

I.  J.  Van  Arsdale,  engineer  of  the  Tribune  mill  at  Golden, 
Okanogan  county,  Wash.,  was  caught  on  a  shaft  in  the  mill 
last  week  and  instantly  killed. 

Frederich  E.  Sickels,  aged  76  years,  the  inventor  of  the 
Corliss  engine,  died  in  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  on  the  10th  inst. 
from  heart  disease.  Among  his  many  inventions  was  the 
Sickels  automatic  trip  steam  cut-off. 


An  English  paper  contrasts  the  cost  of  a  steamer 
of  3500  tons  capacity  built  on  the  Clyde  in  December, 
1889,  with  the  cost  at  which  such  a  boat  may  be  pur- 
chased from  the  same  builders  at  the  present  time. 
The  former  price  was  $157,500  against  $107,500  at 
present.  Machinery  is  the  same  in  both  cases — 
triple  expansion,  22,  35  and  59.  inches  by  39  inches 
stroke. 


March   16,  1896 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


167 


STEAn  FREIGHTING  TRAIN. 

BNiilNK.  50-Horsn  Power.    CAPACITY  OF  TRAIN.  90  to  <x>  tons;  rlepi-niK  upon  (tie  I I«. 

■— i      MANUFACTURED    BY    n—  ii 

THE  BEST  HFG.  CO.,  San  Leandro,  Cal.,  U.  5.  A. 


WRITE     FOB    CIRCULARS     AND    PRICES. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  18f>0. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

San  Frftncie.-o,  Cal 31  3Ialn  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON.  Manager. 

Denver,  Col 1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL.  Agent. 

New  York  City 26   Cortlandt  Street. 

P.  A.  LARKIN.  Manager. 

Chicago,  111 509  Home  Ins.  Building. 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

MliineiipoliK,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  F.  HARRISON.  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  ilACHlNERY. 

TlL!McGIew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 


PATENTED  SEPTEMBER  19.   18! 


CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      frank  ba^ere,  secretary  and  Manager 


Office,  I  16  Davis  Street. 

NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 

A  MA.RVEL  or  -Simplicity'.  Durability  a'ud  KtVi-.li  vcim-hs. 
combining  hoth  Sled-  and  End  Muttmi  with  ;i  Rum  pi  up 
Ffelt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  Of  bell  and  auiOUlU  of  PER- 
■  OSSION  easily  and  tiulekly  regulated,  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  aboui  im  tons.  Only  one- tenth  horsepower 
required.    Adapted  (<<v  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PRICK #350   EACH 

Including  prepared  canvas  belt  •(  ft.  u  Ins.  wide. 


Falls  MINE,  [GO,  .Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  May  25th,  1893. 

The  McGTjEW  concenthatok  Company:  I  take  much 
pleasure  In  endorsing  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator- When  Iwas  requested  to  examine  your  concen- 
trator. I  iii.i  ho  under  protest,  declaring  thai  1  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Frue.  aw  after  many  yearB' experience 
with  different  concent ratoi'R,  I  believed  them  n>  be  tin- 
best 

Now,"  after  u  thorough  trial  of  the  McGlew  Ore  Ooncen 
tratflr,  on  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I  emphatically 
pronounce  ii  tbe  host  coneenti'atbr  uf  aiu  t  have  ever 
nsytl  in  handling  my  ores,  it  is  doing  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  work  than  I  bad  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  everj  hour,  dried, 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  *  *  •  from  Wesl  ledge,  a 
savins'  by  your  concentrator  of  94^  per  cem  :  from  East 
ledg£,  *  *  *  a  Bavluerof  32  percent.  The  concentrator 
i'iiiih  very  easy  and  requires  tun  Hiipin  attention.  One 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

You  have  a.  pood  concentrator,  anil  H  can  be  relied  upon 
to  handle  any  ore  that  will  concentrate.    I  moat  heartily 
recommend  it  to  the  mining  public.    Yours   respectfully. 
E.  L.  BALLOU.  Propr.  Ballon  Reduction  Works. 


The  Gates  Ore  and  Rock  Breaker 

Gives  ;i  liner  product  than  any  other  crusher  made,  adding  by  this  means  2b  to  31)%  to  the  output  of  any  mill,  beside  saving  the  wear  of  the  more  costly  machinery.    It  will  reduce  a  given  amount  of  ore  at  om 

third  the  cost  in  wear  of  any  other  crusher  on  the  market.    It  requires  also  much  less  power  for  the  same  amount  of  work. 

The  Gates  Ore  Crusher 

is  now  being  adopted  by  the  progressive  Mining  Companies  tn  all  parts  of  the  world.    Mure  than  3000  of  them  now  running. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Company,  General  west©™  Agent® 

121   /Vlain  Street,  San   Fronc-isco,  Cal. 


168 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  16    1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 


Formation  of   the  Rings  of  Wood 
in  Trees. 


The  many  differences  of  opinion  that 
even  eminent  men  are  presumed  to 
hold  in  regard  to  the  character  of  the 
so-called. annual  rings  of  trees,  would 
be  readily  reconciled  if  a  little  thought 
were  given  to  the  manner  in  which 
wood  is  formed  as  the  trunk  is  enlarged. 
This  is  accomplished  by  the  birth  of 
new  cells,  which  proceed  laterally  from 
the  old  ones.  The  new  course  of  cells 
take  their  place  around  the  mother 
cells,  and  form  a  thin  layer  over  them, 
just  as  a  sheet  of  writing  paper  might 
be  wrapped  around  another.  These  in 
a  few  days  again  become  mother  cells, 
and  another  course  is  produced.  This 
continues  during  the  short  time  devot- 
ed to  the  growth,  perhaps  a  dozen  times, 
and  the  mass  of  new  wood  known  as 
the  new  annual  layer  is  really  made  up 
of  a  dozen  fine  layers  so  small  that  the 
concentric  lines  are  ouly  visible  by 
means  of  a  powerful  microscope.  Now 
the  size  of  these  cells  depends  on  the 
amount  of  material  at  command. 

The  original  mother  cell  that  starts 
the  annual  growth  has  had  the  advan- 
tage of  the  best  opportunities  for  stored 
nutrition;  every  successive  addition  is 
weaker  and  weaker,  until  the  last 
growths  of  the  season  are  very  small, 
It  is  because  they  are  so  small  and 
packed  close  together  that  we  can. 
readily  see  where  they  end,  and  thus 
detect  the  extent  of  the  annual  layer 
even  in  old  trees.  Now  a  tree  may  be 
in  a  position  to  have  command  over. a 
superior  stock  of  nutrition,  and  the 
cells  are  in  a  condition  to  avail  them- 
selves of  the  advantages,  especially  if 
the  cells  are  naturally  of  a  large  size, 
as  they  are  in  some  trees.  In  the 
European  silver  linden,  for  instance, 
the  cells  are  one-fourth  larger  than  they 
are  in  the  common  American  linden; 
and  in  this  and  similar  trees,  a  number 
of  light  rings  can  usually  be  traced  in 
the  annual  increment.  The  same  can 
often  be  seen  in  vigorous  specimens  of 
the  cottonwood. 

But  plainly  as  these  lines  may  be 
seen,  the  experienced  investigator  can 
rarely  be  mistaken  on  the  last  line 
made  during  the  growing'  season,  and 
is  able  to  tell  how  many  years  the  tree 
has  been  growing  on  the  spot  where  it 
stands.  There  is  nothing  more  certain 
than  that  in  the  hand  of  an  expert  the 
age  of  a  tree  can  be  determined  by  its 
annual  growths. 


Acetylene,  the  most  powerful  illu- 
minant  of  the  hydrocarbons,  can  now 
be  produced  on  a  commercial  scale, 
says  Prof.  Lewes,  in  a  paper  read  be- 
fore the  Society  of  Arts.  It  is  a  color- 
less gas  with  an  intensely  penetrating 
smell,  resembling  garlic,  so  that  the 
smallest  leakage,  would  be  quickly  de- 
tected. Five  cubic  feet  of  gas  will  give 
a  light  equal  to  240  candles  for  an 
hour.  It  is  made  by  mixing  forty 
parts  by  weight  of  finely  ground  chalk 
or  lime  with  twenty-four  parts  by 
weight  of  any  form  of  powdered  carbon 
in  an  electric  furnace  and.  adding 
water.  The  product  is  lime  and  chalcic. 
carbide,  a  pound  of  which  will  yield  5:3 
cubic  feet  of  acetyline.  The  carbide 
can  be  made  for  $20  a  ton;  the 
gas  would  cost  about  $1.60  a  thou- 
sand feet,  but  its  illuminating  power 
would  make  its  cost  about  equal  to 
coal  gas  at  twelve  cents  a  thousand 
feet. 

The  Moniteur  Industrie!  records  the 
fact  that  on  the  shores  of  Brittany,  be- 
tween St.  Malo  and  St.  Lunaire,  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  St.  Enogat  station,  at  a 
place  called  Port  Blanc,  the  tides  have 
lately  displaced  a  considerable  amount 
of  sand  to  a  depth  of  nine  to  thirteen 
feet.  Forests  which  have  been  buried 
for  eighteen  or  twenty  centuries  have 
been  thus  brought  to  light,  to  the 
great  astonishment  of  the  seafaring 
people  of  the  country.  A  great  forest 
has  in  fact  been  discovered  in  process 
of  transformation  into  coal.  Ferns  and 
the  trunks  and  barks  of  trees  are  to  be 
seen  in  an  advanced  state  of  decompo- 
sition. The}'  are  already  beyond  the 
peat  stage,  showing  the  films  and 
flakes  which  are  found  in  coal.  Some 
of  the  trunks  are  sixteen  feet  in  length, 
still  very  distinct,  although  becoming 
quickly  transformed. 


Some  people  insist  that  when  an  oak 
forest  is  cut  down  pines  spring  up,  and 
that  oak  follows  pine,  and  so  forth;  but 
this  never  occurs  except  where  the  two 
kinds  are  not  far  from  each  other.  In 
localities  where  but  one  kind  exists  that 
kind  succeeds  itself.  An  intelligent 
Nevada  correspondent  notes  that  where 
the  pine  timber  was  cut  away  twenty 
years  or  so  ago,  fine  young  trees,  ap- 
parently about  fifteen  years  old,  now 
cover  the  same  area.  They  grow  so 
slowly  when  young,  she  says,  that  few 
observe  them,  but  after  a  few  years 
they  grow  rapidly.  It  is  about  the 
sixth  or  seventh  year  before  they  start 
on  the  rapid  growth. 


Stamp  Mills! 

VULCAN  WIRE  ROPEWAY 

For  Conveying  Ore,  Cordwood,  Etc. 


Sxvdkk  Mink. 
Kknnktt.  CAI.. 

in  reply  to  In- 
quiry as  i"  bow 
Tramway  is  do- 
hiL-.  am  prepared 
lo    stall*     lliai     i1 

has  (riven  ENTIRE  satisfaotio: 
.TritKixs  Tua 

It  will  give  us  great  pleasure  to  recommend  you 


persons 


.  MKXl- 


your  Company  as  well 
erecting  Ropeways. 

SAN  ANIHUiAS,  Dl'KAN 

I  desire  by  i  his  letter  to  testify  that  the  vulc 
furnished  to  tiiis  Company  by  your  Works,  an 
engineer,  B.  Mclntire,  is  "i  the  very  best  clas 
entire  satisfaction  since  Us  Installation, 

ANTONIO  H.  PAREDES,  Director  S 


be  thinking  of 


>.  March.  20,  1S04. 
n  Wire  Ropewa 
;  erected  by  yoi 
,  and  has  given  i 

A.  delaS.M.  Co. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco, 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHRO/WE     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  arc  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. Wiien  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Ciroular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  441  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  £ 

Speoial  attention  given  to  the  purchase  ot  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies        Stamp  Cam- 


STEAM  ENGINEERING 

(Station ory.  Locomotive  or  Marine);  Mechanics,'  Mechanical  Drawing;  Electricity:  Archi- 
tecture; Architectural  Drawing  and  Designing;  Masonry;  Carpentry  and  Joineru;  Orna- 
mental and  Structural  Iron  Work;  Railroad  Engineering;  Bridge  Engineering;  Municipal 
Engineering;  Plumbing  and  Heating;  Coal  and  Metal  Mutiny;  Prospecting,  and  the  English 
Branches.  Students  make  rapid  progress  in  learning  to  Draw  and  Letter.  The  Steam 
Engineering  course  is  intended  to  qualify  engineers  to  secure  Licenses.  Send  for  Free 
Circular,  stating  the  subject  vou  wish  to  study,  to 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranton,  Pa. 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application.  ■ 

If  you  are  interested  in 
ltock  Drilling  Correspond 
with  us. 


^i^;^~ 


^^§||pP^ 


;/   WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  L  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  its  Denver  Office. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 
Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation   and 
loss  occasioned  by   the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
lianges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically     over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt     trans- 
versely   two 
feet     apart, 
there    is    a 
space    of   one 
inch,   contain- 
■■-,.,,,,,. , , -  v ,,,m,mwwg-    ing     twenty 
^T    riffles  1-33  of 
,'^iS--       :in     inch     in 

: — ; — SssS'*      depth.    This 

tends    to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.   This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a   belt  with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Building: San  Francisco. 


,   SIMOrNDS    SAWS 

AND    MACHINE    KNIVES. 


O 

X 

u 
o 

c 

IT 

P 

m 

r 
m 

> 


RUBBER     BELTING, 

RUBBER  HOSE,  COTTON  HOSE, 
PACKING. 


0D 

m 


Dodge  Independence  Wood  Split  Pulley 

Is  the  lightest,  strongest  and  most  con- 
venient Pulley  made. 


LEATHER  BELTING, 

1  DODGE  WOOD  SPLIT  PULLEYS, 

EMERY  WHEELS,  FILES. 

GRAPHITE  AND  GRAPHITE  GREASE, 

COVEL  BELT  HOOKS. 

SIMONDS  SAW  CO., 

No.  31  Alain  Street,  San  Francisco,  and 
85  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS, 

220  market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


March  16,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


169 


Mechanical   Progress. 


Aluminum   Alloy. 


"The  amount  of  misinformatic u 

the  subject  of  aluminum  makes  me 
sick,"  says  Mr.  Leonard  Waldo,  a  well- 
known  engineer,  to  Machinery.  Then 
he  told  of  his  experiences  in  casting 
aluminum  bronze.  His  company  has 
poured  more  of  the  stuff  down  holes 

than  any  other  concern  in  the  country. 
He  showed  a  section  out  of  a  propeller 
wheel  which  was  to  have  withstood  a 
pressure  of  60,000  pounds,  but  didn't. 
The  fault  could  not  be  determined. 
(  Ine  caster  thought  the  metal  was 
I  I. Ki  hot.  and  another  said  it  was 
poured  too  cold,  and  a  third  said  it 
wasn't  poured  right.  The  fact  was, 
Mr  Waldo  said,  that  the  way  to  suc- 
eess  must  be  felt  with  aluminum  as 
with  everything  else.  "When  the  ma- 
terial is  what  it  should  be,  and  the 
work  is  done  right,  this  metal  is  the 
king  of  bronzes.  There  is  no  other 
known  material  which  will  give  the 
mechanical  value  that  aluminum  bronze 
will.  It  is  possible  to  give  it  a  strength 
of  from  !Hlil  to  100,000  pounds  to  the 
square  inch.  'But,"  said  Mr.  Waldo, 
'■  1  must  put  on  record  a  protest 
against  an  alloy  called  aluminum  alloy. 
With  reference  to  this  controversy  as 
to  whether  it  should  be  called  aluminium 
or  ''aluminum.''  continued  Mr.  Waldo, 
"  I  will  tell  you  what  happened  to  me. 
I  had  the  misfortune  to  deliver  a  lec- 
ture on  the  subject  of  this  new  metal. 
Right  in  front  of  me  sat  a  bright  boy 
of  about  high-school  age,  and  his 
mother.  Evidently  they  had  had  a  dis- 
pute as  to  the  proper  word.  As  I  pro- 
ceeded I  had  occasion  to  refer  to  Sir 
Humphrey  Davy,  and,  of  course,  I  said 
aluminium.  I  saw  the  lady  turn  to  the 
boy  and  smile.  His  face  fell,  as  if  he 
had  met  a  bitter  defeat.  A  little 
further  on  I  used  the  word  again,  and 
this  time,  remembering  that  the  di- 
rectors of  my  company  had,  by  a 
solemn  vote,  decided  to  call  it  aluminum, 
I  called  it  aluminum.  Now  it  was  the 
boy's  turn;  he  grinned  and  nudged  his 
mother  with  evident  satisfaction.  In 
England  it  is  aluminium.  In  America, 
by  the  act  of  the  corporation  which 
handles  it,  it  is  aluminum.  I  don't 
know  how  we  shall  decide  the  question 
except  to  leave  it.  to  popular  taste." 

An  engineer  remarks  in  an  exchange 
that  the   grate  bars   under  his   boiler 


|  became  warped  and  overheated,  and 
C  "ii-cquently  soon  wore  out.  The 
steam   requirements    were  very   irreg- 

|  ular,  and  the  fireman,  when  demand 
ceased,  opened  the  tire  doors    to    keep 

i  the  boilers  from    blowing  off.     This  oul 

I  off  the  cooling  draft  through  the  bars 
and  liie  burning  bed  of  coals  super- 
heated  them.  The  difficulty  was  obvi- 
ated by  making  a  steam  connection 
with  other  boilers  used  for  other  work, 
and  allowing  the  fires  to  burn  low  at 
full  dampers. 

•  What  Is  a  Machine?" 


The  question,  "What  is  a  machiiu  .'" 
is  not  so  abstruse  as  the  question  in- 
volved in  the  consideration  of  "What 
is  a  process  ?"  Every  one  knows  what 
a  machine  is.  In  the  common  ac- 
ceptation of  the  term  it  is  a  device  com- 
posed of  one  or  more  parts  for  per- 
forming mechanically  certain  opera- 
tions. As  to  whether  the  machine  is 
new  or  not,  or  sufficiently  novel  to 
render  it  patentable  over  the  prior  art, 
is  the  important  question  involved  in 
most  cases  in  which  the  machine  con- 
structions are  concerned.  Patents  are 
constantly  granted  for  improvements 
upon  machines  in  their  minutest  details, 
provided  the  improvement  is  novel  and 
useful  and  is  capable  of  the  exercise  of 
the  inventive  faculties.  The  word  ma- 
chine, in  the  patent  law  sense,  is 
broader  than  in  the  ordinary  accepta- 
tion of  the  term. — Machinery. 

Important  If  True. 


A  Springfield  (O.)  dispatch  reports 
the  invention  by  George  Harley,  a 
foundryman,  of  a  process  for  making 
malleable  iron  of  excellent  quality 
direct  from  molds.  A  company  has 
been  incorporated  with  $1,000,000  cap- 
ital. By  Barley's  process  iron  is  made 
from  an  endless  furnace  with  a  peculiar 
method  of  controlling  the  admission  of 
air,  by  which  a  thoroughly  molten  con- 
dition of  iron  is  obtained.  It  is  said 
that  Bethlehem  (Pa.)  iron  men  have 
expressed  a  willingness  to  give  $10,- 
000,000  for  the  invention  on  proof  that 
it  is  what.  it.  is  claimed  to  be. 


Yellow  sheet  brass  scrap  usually 
contains  from  forty  to  sixty  per  cent 
of  zinc  and  lead.  It  does  not,  there- 
fore, have  a  great  amount  of  copper  in 
it,  and  should  not  be  used  in  bearings 
of  any  kind  where  a  wearing  surface  is 
required. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -    New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monaclnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O '. Canada 

Apartado  830 City  of  Mexioo 


C  ASCAdTv^JeF  WH  E  El 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water, 

JAMES  LEFFEL&C0.8prlngfield,Ohio,U.SA 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office.  I 

W.  N   JBHU,    •    •    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  t<>  Jehu  A  Ogden, 

|  «•;>*  [tlootgoniery  Street.  San   Francisco,  j 

Rooms  46  anil  47  Montgomery  Block. 

•  Ore    Issoss,  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals' 

anil  their  Alloys.  Etc. 


|  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  < 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering:. 

J  Surveying-.  Architecture,  Drawing  and  A^aylng*.  < 

723  Market  St.,  Shu  Prancisco,  Cat. 

OPEN    ALL  YKAK. 

A.  VAN  DICK  NAILLKN,  President. 

Assaying  ofOres,C2S;  Bull  km  and  fhiorlnatlon  < 
Assay.  126;  Blowpipe  Assay.  $10.  Pull  Course  i 
of  Assaying.  JoO.    Established  IMi. 

Bar"  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

J  iCxamiiiHtlun,  Surveys,  and  Reports  upou  ! 
Mill.-.,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes- 
tic  use.    Irrigation,    and    the    production   of  < 
(  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and  ! 
,  planB  prepared.    Construction  work  superin- 
tended.   Correspondence  solicited. 

Res — 1)23  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


ED1A/MRD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 

Testa  and  Estimates  for  th^  Improvement  of  ( 
j  Pumping,  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants. 
j     Will  supervise  the  Construction.    Shipment  , 
L  or  Erection  of  Machinery.      Will  make  Draw- 
I  Inpe.  Estimates  or  Specifications. 
[     Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de- 
f  scriptlon.    Twenty  year's  experience. 

123  California  St..  Sun  Francisco,  Cal. 


Almarin   B.   Paul,  M.   E.,        j 

Mining;  Operator, 

ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
|  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  St  s.,  San  Francisco.  | 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
1  lug  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  ' 
1  procuring  pf  suitable  Machinery  for  IntereBt  » 
1  in  Developed  Mines,  1 

Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  I 
i  PVANIDK    PROCESS    PLANTS,  and  competent   | 
)  instruction   for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
practical  scale. 


'<  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, ! 

No-  23  Stevenson  Street. 

'  Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LTJCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

,  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
i  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

.  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  t 
lor  thermost  suitable  prooess  for  working  t 
ores.  t 

i  SPECIAL    ATTENTION    paid    to  examina-  i 
tlons    of    mines;    plans    and    reports   fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


!  Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

;  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"ConsuLting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "Title  and 
,  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
.  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
I  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
]  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1141  R.  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


WANTED ! 

Mining  superintendent  to  take  charge  of  a  silver 
mine  in  Mexico.  Must  be  of  good  habits  and 
thoroughly  reliable  in  every  respect,  and  have  a 
practical  knowledge  of  mining  and  milling  silver 
ores  and  able  to  speak  Spanish.  No  other  need 
apply.    Address  BOX  J, 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 
220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


Back  Filer  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  oan  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5,  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  50  cents  additional  per 
volume. 


Founded  by  Mathew  Uarty,  1785. 

HKNKY     CAKKY     BA1KD    &     CO., 

INDC8THIAL     Pr  lu,i  mikrs,      BOOKBILLBBS      and 

1  MI'MltTKIK 

mio  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  pa.,  i  .  s.  \, 

«"Our  Now  and  Revised  analogue  of  Pi 
and  Solon  tine  Books,  88  Pages,  Bvo  .  and  our  other 
i  ataiogues  and  circulars,  the  whole  oo  vering  every 
branch  of  Soienoe  applied  to  the  arts,  Bent 

"  any  one  In  auy  pari  of  the  world 
who  win  furnish  ills  address. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 


LIMITED. 

T«*Ot    MAttK. 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -         £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHTJR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Boilding,  Dknver,  Colorado. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

\A/7VV.  H.   BIRCH  <fe  GO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 

Cary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Maohio 

ery,  Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 

Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 

11^   Beale    St.,    San   Francisco. 


EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN. 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


Pioneer  Screen  Worksi 
JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals,  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  BraBS  Screens 

for  All  UBes. 

♦** MIWIWG  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

221  and  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


IkH&l 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holeB. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  ■ 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc.  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka   Comp&ny, 

OF  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

Boom  1.-426  California  Street, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City.  Utah. 


WELLMACHINERYw- 

i  of  tool*.    Fori  line  for  t  ho  driller  by  ueintr  i«n  v 


LIGHTNING* 
LARGEST 

411  kin i la  of  tools.    Fori  u lie  for  ttiodril  __,_. 
Ailikmnntme proce*e;onn  takeaeore,   rerfeatedEcnu" 
i.-iil  Arteelau  Pumpintr  K«tf»  to  W»rti  by  Steam,  Air.i-i<> 
f  ftuflhalpyou.  THE  AMERICAN  HELLW01ih\ 

Aaron.  Ill)   Cblceeo,  111.)    Delias,  Tex. 


170 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  16,   1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  Is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA, 


Charleston  District. — Record:  The  old 
Acme  mine  may  shortly  start  up.  It  .was 
worked  successfully  twenty  years  ago.  A 
hoisting  engine  and  ten-stamp  mill  are  on  the 
property.  It  is  thought  that  the  company  now 
taking  hold  of  this  mine  will  be  rewarded  for 
I  he  money  expended  in  opening  it,  providing 
the  money  and  labor  is  economically  used. 
The  mine  showed  good  indications  of  paying 
well  when  it  was  shut  down  in  1882.  There 
are  three  different  chutes  of  ore  which  are  of 
high  grade,  and  between  each  distinct  chute 
is  a  mass  of  low-grade  ore.  The  chutes  dip 
awav  from  the  working  shaft,  at  an  angle  of 
about  forty-five  degrees,  making  it  necessary 
For  them  to  run  through  barren  ground  for  a 
uumber  of  feet  before  reaching  the  pay  ore. 
The  last  work  done  by  the  company  was  the 
sinking  of  one  hundred  feet  and  then  cross- 
cutting  a  few  hundred  feet,  and  still  driving 
the  tunnel  ahead.  Then  a  difficulty  arose 
between  the  superintendent  and  one  of  the 
engineers,  which  resulted  in  the  wounding  of 
the  engineer  by  a  shot  fired  by  the  superin- 
tendent. The  "latter  was  tried  on  a  charge  of 
attempt  to  commit  murder,  and  the  mine  was 
shut  down  just  as  everything  was  ready  to 
take  out  ore,  all  the  dead  work  having  been 
done. 

The  Excelsior  mine  is  still  working  to  its 
full  capacity,  the  live-stamp  mill  being  kept 
going  night  and  day. 

The  Iron  Mass  mine,  owned  by  A.  A.  Cliue, 
is  prospecting  well.  This  is  a  new  location 
recently  discovered. 

The  Champion  mine,  owned  by  Messrs. 
Denend  and  Linton,  is  reported  as  looking 
well.  They  have  just  put  up  a  horse  whim 
and  sunk  the  shaft  about  fifty  feet.  They 
intend  sinking  fifty  feet  deeper  before  run- 
ning the  levels  and  stoping  out  the  ore. 

Oneida. — This  mine  has  been  idle  for  the 
last  fifteen  years.  James  D.  Hague  has  been 
asked  by  Seligmani  Bros.,  of  New  York,  to 
make  a  thorough  investigation  of  the  prop- 
erty. In  face  of  the  bonanza  developments  of 
the  Kennedy  on  the  south,  and  the  promise 
of  a  good  paying  mine  in  the  South  Eureka  on 
the  north,  it  is  the  impression  that  he  will 
recommend  the  starting  up  of  the  property. 

The  Anita  — Jackson  District.  —  Ledger: 
Sinking  in  the  Anita  mine  is  suspended,  pre- 
paratory to  putting  in  a  steam  pump. 

Alpine — Plymouth  District. — Win.  Hooper 
has  taken  fifty  tons  of  rock  out  of  the  Alpine 
mine,  from  near  the  surface,  and  will  make  a 
mill  test  of  it  at  the  Ivanhoe  mill. 

Allison— Plymouth  District.— The  Stock- 
ton people  who  have  been  mining  in  the  Alli- 
son, have  a  shaft  down  fifty  feet  and  have 
struck  a  rich  chute  of  ore  at  about  fifty  feet. 

Mahoney— Sutter  Creek. — Water  is  down 
at  the  Mahoney  shaft  about  750  feet.-  When 
the  800  level  is* reached  Superintendent  Ross 
will  commence  to  drift  south  to  strike  the 
north  drift  from  the  600  at  the  Wildman,  to 
connect  the  two  mines.  Work  has  already 
been  commenced  on  repairs  at  the  Mahoney 
forty-stamp  mill. 

The  Gwin  Mine. — The  three-compartment 
shaft  at  the  Gwin  mine  is  some  600  feet  deep 
and  in  hard  gray  rock,  with  but  little  water 
in  the  mine.  They  are  sinking  an  average  of 
fifty  feet  a  week.  About  twenty  men  in  all 
are  employed. 

Bay  State  —  Plymouth  District.  —  C.  D. 
Lane  and  Hayward  of  the  Utica  have  proposed 
to  the  owners  of  the  Bay  State  mine  that  if 
given  one-half  of  the  stock  of  the  company 
they  will  pay  the  debt  of  the  property,  put  on 
ten  more  stamps  and  conduct  the  property 
without  further  assessment  to  the  stock- 
holders. The  Plymouth  stockholders  do  not 
take  kindly  to  the  proposition,  as  there  seems 
to  be  no  guarantee  as  to  the  length  of  time 
the  property  will  be  conducted  by  the  Utica 
people. 

The  Alma — Jackson  District. — The  new 
hoist  at  the  Alma  works  well. 

The  Lucile — Plymouth  District.  —  Work 
was  practically  suspended  about  a  week  on 
account  of  foul  air  encountered  as  the  water 
was  lowered  in  the  shaft  and  taken  from  the 
old  works.  A  blower  has  been  put  in,  pipes 
connected  and  work  resumed.  The  water  is 
down  in  the  shaft  about  400  feet. 

Calaveras. 

Not  Sold.— Echo:  Some  time  since  we  pub- 
lished (upon  what  we  supposed  to  be  good  au- 
thority) that  the  Blair  mine,  near  Smith's 
Plat,  had  been  sold  for  a  large  sum  of  money. 
We  have  since  learned  that  such  is  not  the 
fact,  and  that  the  mine  is  still  in  the  hands  of 
the  original  owners. 

To  Furnish  Power.— A  company  is  organiz- 
ing in  Chicago  to  install  a  large  electrical 
power  plant  on  the  Stanislaus  river,  to  furnish 
power  for  mining  purposes  in  Angels  Camp 
and  vicinity.  The  company  having  the  Angels 
mine  in  charge  are  instrumental  in  its  organ- 
ization. 

Mill  Started.— The  mill  at  the  Linderaxa 
mine  was  started  this  week.  Work  in  the 
mine  is  progressing  and  ore  is  being  ex- 
tracted. 

An  Incorrect  Report.— The  report  that  the 
Debris  Commissioners  stopped  the  Central 
Hill  Mining  Company  from  mining  is  denied. 
The  mine  is  reported  in  full  swing,  and  will 
so  continue. 

The  Beatrice  Mill — The  Beatrice  mill  is 
running  on  qurrtz  from  the  Oro  Plata  mine 
from  the  Hill  shaft.  The  concentrates  from 
the  Beatrice  mine  are  run  through  the  mill 
again  and   over  the  concentrators  preparatory 


to  shipment.  The  mill  is  fitted  up  with  all 
the  latest  improvements  and  has  an  electric 
light  plant. 

Water  Gulch  Mine  Bonded.— The  Water 
Gulch  mine,  owned  by  Zwinge  Bros.,  has  been 
bonded  to  the  company  that  bought  the 
Leonard  mine.  Men  are  sinking  a  shaft  and 
clearing  ground  for  the  buildings  that  are  to 
be  erected  on  Murray  creek. 

Around  Copperopolis.—  A  gold  strike  near 
Copperopolis  this  week  has  started  a  good 
many  prospecting  in  that  section. 

Kern. 

Re i >  Rock  Mi x  in g  Distk i ct.  —In  1 859-00 
hundreds  of  placer  miners  were  rushing  into 
what  is  now  Kern  county.  This  was  the  great 
southern  rush.  Following  the  placer  miners 
came  a  set  of  bonanza  quartz  miners.  These 
men  built  mills  right  and  left,  some  on  three 
and  four-inch  stringers  of  .quartz  and  all  on 
undeveloped  veins. 

As  a  natural  result,  with  the  exception  of 
two  mines — the  St,  John,  720  feet  deep,  and 
the  Piute  Mountain  mine,  300  feet  deep— that 
happened  to  be  very  rich  from  the  grass  roots 
down,  the  tide  began  to  turn  to  some  new 
strike. 

Following  these  ?i 0-per-day  men  came  a  set 
of  STO-per-month  men.  One  by  one  the  mills 
were  destroyed  and  the  mines  gutted  out,  as 
far  as  the  ore  could  be  got  at  without  using 
timbers  or  powder. 

Sageland,  once  a  prosperous  town  of  several 
hundred  inhabitants,  to-day  has  not  one  board 
standing— nothing  to  show  that  there  had 
ever  been  a  town  there  except  a  few  cellars 
and  the  ruins  of  her  three  mills.  Such  was 
thehistorvof  the  old  Sageland  mining  dis- 
trict from  1866  to  1894. 

In  1804  the  discovery  of  placer  gold  was 
made  at  Red  Rock  on  the  Mojave  desert,  fif- 
teen miles  east  of  the  old  town  of  Sageland. 
With  the  rush  to  the  placer  mines  came  the 
quartz  prospectors,  who.  finding  no  quartz 
mines  in  the  placer  field,  turned  their  atten- 
tion to  the  old  Sageland  district.  One  .by  one 
the  old  abandoned  mines  were  opened  up,  and 
in  nearly  every  instance  the  ledge  had  tem- 
porarily ninched  or  had  run  down  in  value  to 
from  $8  to  SI  5  ore. 

The  former  owners  in  1800-00  had  to  haul 
!  supplies  overland  from  San  Pedro,  170  miles, 
-  and  this,  together  with  the  lack  of  experience 
!  in  quartz  mining  and  poor  machinery,  made 
|  their  enterprise  unprofitable. 

But  to-day,  with  thirty-five  years'  experi- 
ence and  improved  machinery,  with  cheap 
|  supplies,  and  with  labor  at  the  present  rates 
[  per  day,  mining  should  pay  well.  As  depth  is 
j  attained,  and  the  ground  thoroughly  explored, 
in  all  probability  ore  as  rich  as  any  of  the  sur- 
face will  be  found.  Recently  the  prospectors 
have  opened  up  over  thirty  promising  claims, 
most  of  them  new  discovc lies.  The  pros- 
pectors seldom  have  money  enough  to  develop 
their  finds,  and  therefore  have  to  depend  on 
outside  capital  for  means  to  work  their 
claims,  and,  as  a  general  rule,  they  sell  out 
for  what  they  can  get  or  abandon  their  claims 
undeveloped,  saddle  their  burros  and  wander 
on,  ever  looking  for  "a  poor  man's  mine*'— 
that  is,  a  mine  rich  enough  to  make  expenses 
with  a  hand  mortar  or  horse  arrastra.  These 
veins  are  fissures  in  granite  ami  kindred 
rocks.  They  run  from  two  inches  to  several 
feet  in  width,  with  wood  and  water  reason- 
ably near  for  milling  purposes- all  free-mill- 
ing ore. 

We,  the  prospectors,  have  done  our  part, 
and  with  this  letter  hang  out  our  shingle, 
"Capital  wanted.1' 

The  McMasters-McEwen  Company  have  a 
group  of  ten  old  claims  in  Kelso  valley.  They 
have  cleaned  out  the  old  tunnels  and,  in  many 
instances,  opened  up  new  works.  They  esti- 
mate to  have  several  thousand  tons  of  from 
§1.0  to  $20  ore  in  sight,  and  are  making"  prepara- 
tions to  put  in  a  mill  by  April. 

Frank  Hale  has  a  force  of  men  at  work 
cleaning  out  the  old  Esperanza  mine,  an  old- 
time  producer  and  formerly  one  of  the  best 
mines  iu  the  district. 

D.  L.  Applegate  has  leased  his  Gold  Hill 
mine.     It  will  be  worked  by  water  arrastras. 

The  Shoemaker  mine,  on  Shoemaker  moun- 
tain, shows  a  clean  vein  of  from  one  to  three 
feet,  from  which  112  samples,  reduced  down, 
assayed  $14.47  per  ton. 

Mr.  Moore,  on  Piute  mountain,  has  his 
twenty-seven-foot  water  arrastra  finished, 
and  will  soon  begin  crushing.  He  has  two 
claims,  one  of  about  eighteen'  inches  and  one 
of  six  feet,  of  $8  and  $10  ore. 

The  Butterbread  SpringsGroup. — Butter- 
bread  Springs  is  on  the  desert  side  and  has 
plenty  of  water,  but  all  timber  will  have  to 
be  hauled  twelve  miles.  There  are  about 
fifteen  promising  locations  within  three  miles 
of  the  springs. 

The  Mexican  mine— R.  N.  Binford,  owner —  j 
has  closed  down.    I  hear  he  refused  $15,000 
the  other  day  for  the   mine,    from  San  Fran-  : 
cisco  parties. 

J.  Artez  and  several  others  have  uncovered  \ 
a  vein  of  from  two  to  four  feet,   which   assays 
$30  to  875  per  ton. 

Messrs.  Howe  and  Rice  will  soon  thoroughly  i 
prospect  the  Padre  and  Sixty-four  mines. 

The  pioneer  claim  of  the  camp,  the  San 
Juan— J.  Whitrock,  owner— shows  eight  feet 
of  ore  that  assays  from  $9  to  $47.  This  claim 
is  lying  idle. 

Mr.  Bensoms  North  Star  shows  four  feet  of 
low-grade  ore.  There  are  several  claims 
joining  the  San  Juan  and  North  Star,  but  not 
enough  work  has  been  done  on  them  to  deter- 
mine their  value. 

Near  the  Sixteen-mile  House  is  the  Harrel- 
son  ledge  that  averages  sixty  feet  and  assays 
S3. 70  across  the  vein.  This  is  the  last  claim 
on  the  mineral  belt,  and  it  is  where  the  desert 
and  mountains  meet. 

Mariposa. 

District  Abolished. — The  miners  of  the 
Coulterville  district  have  abolished  that  dis- 
trict, stating  that  the  Quartzburg  mining  dis- 
trict was  formed  on  June  25,   1851 ;   on  March 


5,  1S04,  the  Coulterville  district  was  created 
from  a  portion  of  the  Quartzburg  district ;  the 
laws  of  the  United  States  superseded  the  old 
regulations,  making  the  district  system  obso- 
lete and  unnecessary  ;  that  no  election  for  offi- 
cers of  the  district  had  been  held  for  years, 
and  that  the  holders  of  claims  had  long  disre- 
garded the  local  district  laws. 

The  Hite  Mine  Solo.— The  Hite  gold  mine, 
twenty  miles  from  Mariposa,  has  been  bought 
for  San  Francisco  and  New  York  capitalists, 
for  $100,000.  It  has  a  forty-stamp  mill  and 
free  water  power.  On  the  1st  of  next  month 
a  force  of  men  will  go  to  work. 

Nevada. 

Quartz  Mi xinu  Near  Columbia  Hill. — 
Herald:  A  good  ledge  of  fine  quartz  has  been 
struck  in  the  claim  adjoining  the  Grizzly 
Ridge  mine,  not  far  from  Columbia  Hill.  Con- 
siderable prospecting  has  been  done  and  the 
owners  are  satisfied  that  they  have  a  good 
mine.  Ail  that  is  needed  is  to  properly  de- 
velop i  t. 

The  Live  Oak  mine,  in  the  same  vicinity,  is 
looking  well  and  some  tine  quartz  is  being 
taken  out.  The  quartz-mining  outlook  is  very 
promising  iu  that  section,  and  it  is  believed 
that  there  will  be.  unusual  activity  there  this 
summer. 

Placer. 

Ophik.—  The  Gold  Blossom  at  Ophir  has 
made  a  strike.  A  body  of  galena  sulphurets 
and  gray  copper  has  been  struck  in  the  east 
ISO-foot  level.  Assays  show  the  ore  -to  he 
valuable. 

The  North  River  hydraulic  mine  at  Yankee 
Jim's  is  now  running. 

San  Diego. 

Padlock  Mini:.— Potter  brothers  and  Cook, 
who  recently  purchased  the  Padlock  mine  at 
Julian,  are*  hard  at  work  developing  their 
property  and  feel  much  encouraged  over  their 
prospects,  says  the  Sentinel.  They  have 
opened  up  a  good-sized  ledge  and  are  pretty 
confident  there  is  money  in  sight  for  them. 
They  have  granted  two  leases  on  different 
parts  of  the  mine,  at  which  work  will  begin 
right  away. 

Sacramento. 

At  Folsom: — The  Telegraph  says :  ''The 
McCue-Bates  mine  is  now  running  in  full 
blast  and  a  large  force  of  men  is  at  present 
employed  there,  most  of  them  working  over- 
time. *  They  are  down  about  100  feet— way  be- 
low bedrock— where  it  is  said  that  gold  has 
been  struck  in  such  quantities  as  to  be  easily 
discernible  among  the  gravel  with  the  naked 
eye.  The  owners,  and  the  community  of  Fol- 
som generally,  are  well  pleased  with  the  out- 
look there,  which  no  doubt  will  be  a  valuable 
acquisition  to  our  town.'' 

Sierra. 

Bai.o  Mountain.— The  Bald  Mountain  Ex- 
tension mine,  at  Forest  City,  has  resumed 
operations,  "employing  fifty  men. 

Trinity. 

Junction  City  Paying  Properties. — Jour- 
nal: The  Lorenz-Leibbraudt  group  of  mines 
on  Red  Hill  are  showing  well.  On  the  1st 
of  this  month  a  partial  cleanup,  the  first  of 
the  year,  yielded  $6800,  of  which  $8000  was  a 
dividend  to  the  owners,  probably  the  first 
dividend  from  any  placer  mine  in  the  county 
this  year. 

The  mine  is  well  equipped,  and  is  supplied 
with  all  the  water  that  can  be  used  to  ad^ 
vantage.  Two  giants  are  used  and  are  run- 
ning night  and  day.  The  bedrock  ditch  used 
in  operating  the  mihe  is  one  of  the  deepest  in 
the  county— 800  feet  long,  15  feet  deep  at  its 
upper  end  and  about  140  feet  deep  at  its  out- 
let. 

The  Day  &  Begel  mines  and  the  Jacob  Bros, 
mines,  in  that  neighborhood,  are  also  being 
worked. 

The  Hayes  mine,  now  owned  by  the  French 
Corapauy,  has  a  full  complement  of  men  at 
work,  and  a  large  amount  of  gravel  is  being 
moved. 

Tuolumne. 

East  of  the  Stanislaus.— Col.  Dorsey,  it  is 
said,  now  has  control  of  all  the  mines  owned 
by  him  and  Mr.  Elliott,  east  of  the  Stanislaus 
river:  and  he  is  making  preparations  to  work 
them.  A  mill  is  being  erected.  Good  quartz 
is  found  in  abundance  on  that  side  of  the  river, 
near  the  mill. 

NKVAT3A. 

On  the  Comstock. — Condensed  official  re- 
ports say  :  1050-foot  level — On  the  sixth  floor 
in  the  new  ore  body,  at  a  point  125  feet  north 
from  the  vertical  winze  which  connects  with 
the  1700  level,  an  east  crosscut  has  been 
started  and  advanced  M0  feet;  in  a  quartz 
formation  which  assays  from  §6  to  $10  per  ton. 
On  the  twelfth  floor  the  east  crosscut  has 
been  advanced  40  feet ;  total  length  05  feet ;  in 
low-grade  quartz,  the  face  being  in  porphyry. 
On  the  thirteenth  floor,  which  is  the  fifteenth 
floor  above  the  1650  level,  an  opening  has 
been  made  fifteen  feet  in  length — north  and 
south — showing  ore  four  feet  in  width  lying 
against  the  west  wall  and  assaying  oil  the 
average  $30  per  ton.  From  the  south  drift 
from  the  east  crosscut  from  the  main  north 
lateral  drift  on  the  sill  floor  of  this  level,  at  a 
point  twenty  feet -in  from  its  mouth,  we  have 
stoped  out  to  the  height  of  fifteen  feet  along 
the  west  wall  in  ore  which  averages  $40  per 
ton.  1750  level — The  drift  running  south 
from  the  south  end  of  the  stope  on  the  fourth 
floor  has  been  extended  twenty-five  feet ;  in 
a  porphyry  and  quartz  formation  which  carries 
a  low  assay  value.  The  ore  extracted  during 
the  week  came  from  the  thirtenth  floor  above 
mentioned,  and  from  the  opening  made  from 
the  south  drift  from  the  east  crosscut  on  the 
sill  floor  of  the  1050  level— amounting  to  44 
tons,  which  assayed,  per  mine  car  samples, 
$45.  S4  per  ton. 

Ophir— Quartz  giving  low  assays  is  being 
cut  in  the  openings  SO  feet  above  the  1465-foot 
level.  The  same  material  is  also  being  found 
in  working  south   and    upward   from    the  250- 


foot  level  in  the  old  Central  tunnel  region, 
while  north  of  the  old  Mexican  shaft  connec- 
tion has  been  made  between  the  winze  and 
upraise  spoken  of  in  the  last  report,  and 
quartz  assaying  80  Lo  $10  is  being  found. 

Andes— Have  cut  nut  a  station  at  the  top  of 
the  upraise  from  the  420-foot  level,  and  are 
preparing  to  start  a  west  crosscut  from  the 
end  of  the  south  drift  from  the  upraise  at  a 
point  fifty  feet  up.  The  official  letters  from 
the  other  north-end  mines  are  merely  state- 
ments of  the  distances  run  while  doing  the 
usual  exploratory  work,  and  do  not  report  any 
changes  in  the  condition  of  these  mines. 

Hale  &  Norcross— No.  I  west  crosscut  on  the 
975-foot  level  has  been  stopped  and  a  southeast 
drift  started  from  its  face,  in  porphyry.  The 
south  drift  from  No.  1  west  crosscut  is  in  08 
feet  and  is  following  a  narrow  streak  of  ore, 
yielding  low  assays.  On  the  intermediate 
level,  30  feet  below  the  075  level,  the  small 
streak  oF  ore  iu  the  south  drift  from  the  west 
crosscut  continues  the  same  as  before  re- 
ported. The  north  drift  is  in  quartz  and  por- 
phyry. During  the  week  sixteeu  carloads  of 
ore,  averaging  $41.00  per  ton,  were  extracted. 

Occidental  Con.— The  north  drift  from  the 
westcrosscut  on  the  500-foot  level  continues 
in  ore  of  good  quality,  and  the  upraise  from 
the  end  of  the  crosscut  is  showing  ore  of  fair 
grade. 

Alta— Northwest  drift,  825-foot  level,  has 
not  yet  reached  the  footwall.  The  ore.  recent- 
ly struck  contiuues. 

Sierra  Nevada.— The  south  drift  started  at 
a  point  193  feet  from  the  mouth  of  the  Lavton 
tunnel  is  out  a  total  distance  of  193  Feet!  ad- 
vanced 50  feet  during  the  week;  face  in  por- 
phyry and  quartz. 

S.  N.,  M.  &  U.  Shaft.— The  west  crosscut 
from  the  Union  Con.,  south  lateral  drift  from 
the  west  drift,  1,520  feet  west  of  shaft,  900 
level,  has  been  extended  two  feet  during  the 
week  total  length,  508  feet;  face  in  a  forma- 
tion of  clay  and  porphyry. 

The  east  crosscut,  No.  3,  started  from  the 
Sierra  Nevada  north  lateral  drift,  600  feet 
north  of  the  west  drift,  1,520  feet  west  of 
shaft,  on  the  900  level,  was  advanced  seven- 
teen feet:  total  length,  ISO  feet;  face  in  por- 
phyry and  clay. 

Union  Shaft.—  The  joint  west  crosscut  from 
from  the  south  lateral  drift  near  the  south 
line  of  the  mine,  1,520  feet  west  of  the  shaft, 
000-level,  has  been  advanced  twentv  feet 
during  the  week  ;  total  length,  568  feet ;  Face 
in  a  formation  of  clay,  quartz  and  porphyry. 

The  joint  east  crosscut  No.  3,  from '  north 
lateral  drift,  000  feet  north  of  west  drift,  1,520 
feet  west  of  shaft,  900-level,  has  been  advanc- 
ed seventeen  feet;  total  length,  ISO  feet;  Face 
in  porphyry  and  clay. 

Chnllar.  —  The  south  drift  on  the  eighth 
floor  of  the  north  stopes  above  the  550-level 
has  been  carried  to  a  total  length  of  fifty-one 
feet;  advanced  during  the  week  fourteen 
reet;  face  in  low-grade  quartz  assaying  $8  to 
$15  per  ton.  Extracting  the  usual' quantity 
of  ore  from  the  stope  between  the  450  and  550 
levels,  the  yield  for  this  week  being  223  tons 
and  1,200  pounds,  which  has  been  shipped  t<"> 
the  Mexican  mill  for  reduction,  the  average 
battery  sample  of  which  was  $29  2S  per  ton. 
On  the  650  level  the  north  drift  has  been 
cleaned  out  and  repaired  130  feet  during  the 
week,  or  a  total  distance  of  190  feet  from  the 
main  west  crosscut. 

Potosi.— The  south  drift  on  the  550  level 
from  the  bottom  of  the  450  level  winze  is  out 
fifty-four  feet,  thirty-two  feet  having  been 
added  during  the  week.  It  is  following  a 
narrow  streak  of  ore,  giving  assays  from  $25 
to  $50  per  ton.  Have  saved  during  the  week 
twenty-two  tons  and  200  pounds  of  ore,  ear 
samples  of  which  assay  $35  20  per  ton. 

Bullion.— The  west 'drift  from  the  820  level 
has  been  advanced  during  the  week  thirteen 
feet;  total  length,  1,40S  feet;  face  in  soft  por- 
phyry with  a  stroug  flow  of  water. 

Alpha. — Have  advanced  the  north  lateral 
drift  on  the  450-foot  level  seventeen  feet; 
total  length,  192  feet ;  face  in  hard  porphyry, 
with  stringers  of  quartz  through  it.  At  a 
point  145  feet  north  of  the  main  west  drift 
have  started  a  west  crosscut;  face  in  por- 
phry  and  quartz. 

ALASKA. 

At  Sum  Dum  Bay. — Newn:  N.  S.  Trow- 
bridge, superintendent  of  the  Bald  Eagle 
Mining  Co.  at  Sum  Dum  bay,  has  commenced 
operations  early  this  year,  as  he  proposes  to 
finish  all  construction  work  before  the  snow 
melts  from  the  canyons  and  hills  fronting 
San  ford  Cove.  He  had  eleven  men  with  him, 
coming  up  from  the  Sound  and  San  Francisco, 
and  five  others  went  down  from  here  the  first 
of  the  week  to  join  the  force.  Among  them 
were  P.  C.  Plummer,  John  Mitchell  and  John 
Harris,  He  has  started  the  men  in  building  a 
mill,  30x00  feet,  up  the  cauyon  about  a  mile 
from  the  beach,  in  which  he  will  erect  a  four- 
stamp  battery. 

ARIZONA. 

Bk;  Silver  Strike. — Miner:  Report  comes 
from  White  Hills  that  an  immense  body  of 
ore  has  been  encountered  below  the  water 
level  in  the  G.  A.  R.  mine,  owned  by  the 
"White  Hills  Company.  Samples  from  the  vein 
run  over  1100  ounces  in  silver  and  four  ounces 
gold  per  ton.  This  is  the  first  strike  of  ore 
that  has  been  made  below  water  level  and 
proves  that  the  mines  go  down. 

To  Be  Utilized. — The  old  El  Rio  ten-stamp 
quartz  mill  is  being  torn  down  to  be  shipped 
to  a  mine  twenty  miles  south  of  Tucson.  The 
purchasers  will  take  the  boiler,  engine  and 
stamps.  The  mill  was  put  up  by  Childs  & 
Gillespie  of  this  city  to  work  Cargo  Muchacho 
ore,  but  the  venture  was  unprofitable  owing 
to  the  expense  of  hauling  the  low  grade  ore  to 
the  railroad  five  miles.  It  has  been  idle  for 
years. 

Ax  Unbiased  Opinion.— E.  M.  Wade,  a  Los 
Angeles  assayer,  judges  from  a  trip  through 
Arizona  that  with  more  capital  Arizona  would 
be  a  great  mining  section. 

Among  other  of  the  camps  visited  by  Mr. 
"Wade    was  the  Washington,  in    the   southern 


March  16,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


171 


: 


part  of  Pima  county,  thirty  miles  from  No- 
gates,  a  solid  mountain,  of  limestone  cut  up 
by  reins  of  copper,  silver  and  lead  ores.  For 
two  mili-s  thlfl  mass  of  Limestone  may  be 
.  itii  cut  up  by  the*  ■  veins  of 

valuable    mineral.       A    Duguet  i  - 
began  to  mine,  and  has  been  succeeded  by  an 
Indiana  company,  and 

by  means  oJ    which  LOO  tons  of 
ore  per  day  are  handled.   Of  course  it  Is  a  Low- 
..    but  the  supply  appears  in- 
exhaustible.     The    assays     have     b 

p  rcenl   copper,  «  ii  b  ju   : 
zinc  to  make   the  ore  somewhal   refractory. 
One  of  the  nmsT   promising  locations   I 

a  ted   for  by  Los  Angeles  parties,  and  if 

the  purchase  is  consummated  there  will  be  a 

money  Invested,  despite 

ii  that  considerable  money  will  have  to 

be  expended   In  a  concentrating  plant,  inad- 

■  atrates  will  bat  e  to 

be  smelted. 

southeast  from  Tucson,  tn 
the  Santa  Ril  i,  work  is  being  car- 

ried on  ■  ■■■  p  mines  of  L.  J.  Rose.    The 

ore  is  very  fins  and  all  thai  has  been  tho  mat- 
ter has  been  thai    it   wasn't developed.    As 
the    property    is     opened    up    and    the    ore 
warrant  the  starting  up  of  the 
3melter  ereoted,  the  outlays  made  will 
ire  than  recouped,    At   Great erviUe,  a 
small  camp  Cli  re  is  some  good  placer 

ground   thai   lias  yielded  largely  in  the  past, 
but  Mi  now   working  tin;  ground 

:   id    I  here   i  -  Li  ttle  shipping 
□g  taken  oul  by  chloriders.    Mr.  Wade 
passed   a   month  at  the  Glory  mine,   eighty 
miles  southeast  ot  Tucson,   and  which  belongs 
■      i ),  i  j.  Mullens,  Shirley  Ward  having 
ii  Interest.    The  property  is  at  present 
In  the  hands  of  a  receiver,  out  the  outlook  is 
goodni'i  i    jing,    A  tunnel  has  been  run 

100  feet,  and  a  large  body  of  low- 
re  uncovered  which  averages  from  ?G 
to  W  per  ton,  and  which  Is  a  Tree  milling  pro- 
position. The  vein  is  about  fifty  feet  in  width 
and  has  a  vertical  dip  of  about  sixty  deg. 
Most  of  the  ore  in  th<-  vicinity  Is  of  a  porphy- 
ritie  character,  but,  rather  strangely,  in  the 
Glory,  while  the  formation  is  porphyry,  the 
ore  is  mostly  white  quartz  and  exceedingly 
hard. 

After  an  extensive  trip  through  Arizona, 
Mr.  Wade  believes  there  would  be  little 
difficulty  in  getting  the  necessary  capital  for 
development  purposes  if  the  owners  did  not 
hold  them  at  such  extravagant  figures.  With 
a  little  more  modesty  in  this  direction  the 
miuing  industry  of  Arizona  would  receive  an 
impetus  that  would  enrich  the  Territory. 

Sat.e  of  the  M.onroTH. — Tombstone  Pros- 
pector: Col.  Zabriskie,  of  Tucson,  who  has 
about  concluded,  with  tare  associate  in  New 
York,  a  sale  of  the  Mammoth  gold  properties, 
returned  a  rew  days  since  from  the  East.  The 
sale  which  is  about  to  take  place  includes  the 
Mammoth  as  well  as  the  Collins  group,  at 
Mammoth. 

The  Copi'fk  Glanoe. — Prospector:  The  ma- 
chinery for  the  Copper  Glance  Mining  Co.  has 
nearly  all  arrived,  and  is  being  hauled  to  the 
mine  and  put  in  running  order  as  rapidly  as 
possible.  A  new  force  of  men  is  to  be  em- 
ployed, and  the  output  of  ore  to  be  increased. 
The  ore  runs  very  high  in  silver  and  is  85  per 
cent  copper. 

MONTANA. 

The  Drum  Lummox  Mine. — Reporter:  R. 
T.  Bayliss,  superintendent  and  managing  di- 
rector of  the  Montana  Mining  Company,  or 
the  Drum  Lummon  mine,  was  recently  in 
London,  where  he  presented  a  circular  letter 
to  the  stockholders  explaining  why  the  sixty- 
stamp  mill  stopped  work  last  February.  The 
mill  was  erected  specially  for  the  treatment 
of  low-grade  ores.  It  was  decided  that  in 
order  to  keep  this  mill  in  operation  it  would 
be  necessary  to  employ  six  additional  ma- 
chine drills  in  the  extraction  of  ore  from 
various  parts  of  the  mine.  The  mill,  however, 
will  remain  closed  down  until  they  have  ac- 
cumulated enough  low-grade  ore  to  keep  it  in 
constant  operation.  The  adoption  of  this 
policy  will  not  affect  the  regular  monthly 
profit  now  being  earned  at,  the  mine,  as  the 
grade  of  ore  treated  in  the  fifty-stamp  mill 
will  be  of  higher  value,  and  the  directors  are 
advised  that  this  arrangement  is  fully  justi- 
fied by  the  accumulation  and  increased  value 
of  the  high-grade  ore  developed  during  ttys 
past  year. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

A  Rich  Strike.— A  rich  strike  is  reported 
in  the  Lone  Star  mine,  Cochiti  district;  eleven 
feet  of  paying  ore  has  been  encountered. 
From  ten  assays  the  rock  averaged  §50  in  gold 
to  the  ton.  Bland  is  the  principal  town  of  the 
district. 

OREGON. 
Josephine  Co. 

Placer   Mine  Sold. — T.    H.   Donovan    has 
sold   the  Philips  placer  mine  on  Jump-Off-Joe 
district  to  Judge  Smith  of  Portland.     Pipe 
will  be  purchased  and  work  begun  at  once. 
SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Holt  Terror  Clean-Up. — Pioneer:  On 
Tuesday  a  clean-up  was  made  from  the  com- 
pany's ten-stamp  mill  which  netted  S8000. 
This  is  from  a  five  days'  run  on  ore  from  the 
shaft.  Yesterday  a  lump  of  rock  weighing 
sixty  pounds  was'taken  from  the  mine,  pound- 
ed up  and  panned,  resulting  in  a  one  thousand 
dollar  clean  up.  The  rock  from  which  this 
result  was  obtained  was  taken  out  of  a  drift 
run  from  the  one  hundred-foot  level.  The 
owners  have  a  bonanza,  as  it  is  reported  that 
there  is  rich  ore  enough  in  sight  to  run  the 
stamp  mill  continuously  for  ninety  days. 

UTAH. 

San  Juan  Placers. — Great  placer  mining 
activity  is  reported  along  the  San  Juan.  Many 
miners  are  coming  in  and  are  making  good 
wages  with  the  crudest  appliances.  Water 
wheels  suspended  between  boats,  such  as 
George  Goss  is  putting  in  at  the  Good  Hope 
bar  on  the  Colorado,  are  being  successfully 
operated.    At  a  point,  eighty  miles  below  Bluff 


the  gravel  is  being  transported  some  d 

on  pack  animals  and  worked  at  a  good  profit. 

Mi<  v  .Mim  a.— Messrs.  Rogers  of  Asotiu  and 

'•■■■■    in   have  riven  a  deed   in  escrow    to 

Halle tt  and   Morrison  for  their  mica 

claims  in  the  Robinson  mining  district 

in  Latah  county.   Worfa  will  be  comment vd  ai 

once. 

The   Ibex  [hpbovino.— Tribune:    The  mem-  . 
bers  of  the  ibex  Mining  &  Smelting  Coi 

sling  very  jubilaut  over  the  receni 
developments  at  tho  mine.  The  ore  bodies  , 
are  said  to  be  constantly  Improving,  both  In 
oxteut  and  value.  A  noteworthy  feature  is 
that  the  copper  values  are  diminishing,  and 
Ld  values  increasing.  It  is  reported 
thai  a  hanging  wall  has  been  encountered  at 
a  depth  of  175  feet,  indicating  the  miuo  to  be 
a    fissure    vein  instead  of  a  number  of  chutes. 

WASHINGTON. 

Mining  in  the  Btatb.— The  oldest  gold  min- 
ing district  in  Washington  and  the  one  from 
which  most  of  that  precious  metal  has  been 
taken  is  tho  Swauk  district  in  Kittitas 
county.  From  75  to  100  miners  have  been 
actively  engaged  iu  taking  out  placer  gold 
since  1878.  They  have  shown  disposition  to 
keep  from  public  knowledge  of  the  amount, 
and  they  have  worked  in  a  crude  way  with 
pick  and  shovel,  but  some  definite  figures  are 
now  accessible. 

The  miners  are  protesting  against  the 
Northern  Pacific  Railroad  Company's  getting 
patents  to  lands  in  the  district,  and  last  week 
L.  H.  Jansen  of  Tacoma,  manager  of  the 
Swauk  Bedrock  Flume  Company,  was  in  camp 
making  out  protests  and  affidavits  of  some  of 
the  miners  as  to  the  quantity  of  gold  they 
have  taken  out  of  their  claims. 

John  Black,  in  twelve  years 821,000 

Tims.  K.  Meagher,  it  thirteen  years 20,750 

C.  E.  H.  Biguey,  in  two  years 12,500 

T.  Tweet,  in  threu  years 8,000 

A.  W.  Johnson,  In  three  years 8,000 

C.  A.  Deilig,  in  one  year 2,350 


Celebrated  Boiler  Compound 

— roa — 

Removing  or  Preventing  Scale. 

Corrosion  un*l  Pitting  in 

Steam  nolle™. 

Will  save  Its  oosi  Ln  fuel,  boiler  re 

Irs  or  labor. 


Yolcanized  Fiber  Yalves 
Ordinary  Rubber  Valves, 

For  Hoi  or  Cold  Water 

Pure  Rubber  Air  Pump  Valves. 
COMBINED  "rIFg  PACKING 

l  or  PisDti  K...K  strum, 

Wall  r  or  Ammonttt. 

FLAX    PACKING 

AND   ALL 

ENGINEERS'     SUPPLIES. 

Write  [or  refersnoos,  prices  and  discount  to 

M.    PICKTHALL    &    CO. 

OFFICE  AND  KACTOltY: 

509-513  MISSIOH  STREET SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Tolephone  No.  1660. 


Total  for  the  six  men   named §72,600 

Others  have  taken  out  quantities  graduat- 
ing down  to  §150  a  year. 

In  talking  of  these  figures,  Mr.  Jansen  said : 
"During  the  three  years  I  have  been  ac- 
quainted with  the  camp,  1  believe  large  sums 
in  gold  have  been  taken  out  by  both  American 
and  Chinese  miners  of  which  I  took  no  account 
and  had  no  knowledge. 

11  The  Swauk  creek  camp  is  reached  by  a  six 
hours'  trip  from  Seattle  to  Ellensburg  with  a 
journey  of  four  hours  by  stage  from  that  town. 
The  creek  and  its  tributaries  are  being  work- 
ed for  some  nine  or  ten  miles,  but  only  in  a 
crude  way.  We  have  the  same  kind  of  gravel 
as  was  taken  from  the  blue  gravel  diggings 
in  California  and  have  the  old  blue  gravel 
channel;  I  have  myself  brought  out  several 
thousand  dollars  of  gold  nuggets  from  the 
camp,  among  them  some  very  large  ones.  All 
the  work  is  sluicing  except  one  hydraulic 
plant,  but  the  flume  company  is  preparing  to 
work  it  systematically  on  a  large  scale. 

"  The  company  has  secured  six  miles  of  the 
land  along  the  line  of  the  creek  and  has  con- 
tracts on  two  miles  more.  It  will  build  a 
flume  four  feet  wide  and  thirty  inches  deep 
from  the  mouth  of  the  creek  up  and  will 
hydraulic  the  gravel  with  water  from  reser- 
voirs and  lateral  streams  with  250  to  300  feet 
pressure,  and  gradually  extend  the  flume  up 
the  stream  as  the  ground  is  washed  out. 
There  is  no  danger  of  damage  to  farms  along 
the  Yakima  river  at  the  mouth  of  the  creek, 
as  the  river  runs  through  canyons  giving  abun- 
dance of  dump  and  the  mines  can  be  worked 
nine  months  in  the  year. 

"Other  streams  parallel  with  Swauk  creek 
are  also  being  worked  and  all  its  tributaries 
have  been  well  prospected.  Williams  creek 
has  some  of  the  finest  miners  in  the  State,  and 
an  old  river  channel  runs  up  it.  Boulder  creek 
has  some  fine  prospects,  but  has  not  been 
worked  much.  There  are  good  quartz  ledges 
in  the  vicinity,  in  fact  you  can  see  the  quartz 
sticking  to  the  gold,  and  prospecting  is  going 
on  all  through  the  neighboring  mountains,  but 
the  men  are  too  much  in  the  slides,  where  the 
ledges  have  been  broken  up.  Very  little 
development  has  been  done,  for  the  parties  in 
there  have  not  the  means.  Still  several  quartz 
mines  are  being  worked  with  arras tras,  and 
one  owned  by  Tweet  &  Johnson  has  paid 
816,000  in  a  sixty-foot  tunnel  in  the  last  three 
years." 


Attention    Miners ! 

W.  W.  MONTAGUE  &  CO. 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining,  Mills  and  Power  Plants.  **" 

IRON,  OUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKTNG  PIPE  ON  THE 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing received  applications  to  mine  by  tbe  hydraulic 
process  from  A.  Blair,  In  the  American  Houwe  Mine. 
near  La  Porte,  Plumas  Co.,  Cal.,  to  Impound  tailings 
behind  dams  ln  the  American  House  Ravine;  from 
Jay  E.  Russell,  ln  the  Spring  Tunnel  and  Spring 
Canyon  MineB,  near  Mount  Gregory,  El  Dorado  Co., 
Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  behind  brush  dams  in 
Spring  Canyon;  from  Porter  Phillips,  in  the  Mount 
Gregory  Gold  Mine,  near  Georgetown,  El  Dorado 
Co.,  Cal.,  to  impound  tailings  behind  brush  and  log 
dams  In  a  ravine  below  the  mine;  from  Wulfl  Bros., 
In  the  Deer  Valley  Mine,  near  Green  Valley,  El 
Dorado  Co.,  Cal.,  to  Impound  tailings  in  an  old 
hydraulic  pit;  from  John  Enoa.  in  the  Strawberry 
Placer  Mine,  near  ValUctta.  Calaveras  Co..  Cal.,  to 
impound  tailings  behind  rock  dam  in  a  gulch  below 
the  mine;  I'mm  Geo.  R.  Evans  et  al„  in  the  Red  Hill 
and  Telegraph  Hill  Mines,  near  Rancherla.  Amador 
Co  Cal.  to  Impound  tailings  behind  log  dam  in 
Chili  Gulch;  and  from  Moy  Jin  Mun,  in  the  Grizzly 
Hill  Mine,  war  Volcano,  Amador  Co.,  Cal..  to  im- 
pound tailings  behind  brush  dam  in  a  ravine  below 
the  mine,  gives  notice  ih.it  a  meeting  will  be  held  at 
Room  No.  IW,  Flood  Building,  San  FranclBCO,  Cal.,  on 
March  18th,  1895,  at  1:80 P.M. 


GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 


309  to  317  flarket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


TWining    F*ipe ! 


STEEL  OR  IRON. —We  make  pipe  of  either,  but  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  many 

particulars  and  inferior  in  none. 
COATING.— We  use  great  care  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Refined  Asphaltum 

and  Maltha. 
COMPETITORS.— Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


31  PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
Ji  MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN   A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USEDTHAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  — 


CAPACITIES   ISO  TONS       DIFFERENT 
V-nW,.W    PER  HOUR.)        SIZES.     ; 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION  having 
received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  Geo.  W.  EdwardB.  in  the  Blaeklock 
Mine  near  Placerville.  El  DuradoCo.  Cal..  to  Im- 
pound tailings  behind  a  brush  dam  in  Spanish 
Ravine;  from  Kelly  A-  Matherly,  on  Rattlesnake 
Bar.  near  Auburn,  Placer  Co.,  Cal..  to  deposit  tail- 
ings on  bank  of  American  River;  from  O  M.Henry, 
in  the  Drv  Culch  Mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co., 
Cai..  to  depos't  luiUiifTB  behind  a  dam  below  the 
mine;  from  J.  K.  Williams.  In  the  Saw  Mill  Plat 
Mine,  near  WhisKvtown.  Shasta  Co..  Cal..  to  deposit 
tailings  ln  an  old  hydraulic  pit;  and  from  Thomas 
Ewinfr.  in  the  Mooney  Placer  mine,  near  Placer- 
vllle,  El  Dorado  Co..  Cal.,  to  deposit  tailings  in  old 
hydraulic  pit.  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will  be 
held  at  Room  No.  !»2.  Flood  Building.  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  on  April  1st.  18D5,  atlrUOP.  M. 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,  King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigata  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinerj . 

Dept.  "tt,"  50  S.  Clinton  St. 

CHICAGO.  ILLS..  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS 


NEW   YORK, 
136    LIBERTY    ST. 


LONDON,   E.   C. 
73    A    QUEEN    VICTORIA    GT. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO. 
8   CALLE    DE    GANTE 


LVAN  DUZEN  STEAM  JET  PUMPS 

TEE  BEST  IN  THE  WORLD. 
Pumps  any  kiud  of  Liquid.   Always  Id  order.    Never 

Tlolocs    nor  fruuzua.     Fully  Guaranteed.      COST  $7 

I  AND  "I'WAKD.   Ugpuaiiillv  useful  for  Mines,  Quar- 

rl»s.  Pii«,  WelR  Cloy  PilB,  Breweries,  on  SteomsnlpB. 

Ferryboat!  or  any  place  where  steam  is  nvailahlP  and 

1  liquid  to  bo  pumped.    A  full  supply  in  Htook.     Address, 

JJas,  Linfortb,  37  MaiketSi.,  San  Francisco, 


aaronh  Leaching  gold  and  silver  Okes, the 

most  complete  hand-book  on  the  subject  extant; 
164  pa^oa.  octavo.  Illustrated  by  twelve  lithographic 
engravings  and  four  wood  cuts.  Fully  indexed. 
Plainly  written  for  practical  men.  In  cloth,  53.  Sold 
by  THE  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220 \ 
Market  Str.  Ban  Francisco. 


•172 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  16,  1895. 


Dr.  Carl  Barus  to  show  that  the  molecular  structure 
of  iron  can  and  does  change  under  different  physical 
conditions  and  at  atmospheric  temperatures. 

A  number  of  cases  are  also  cited  by  Mr.  Argall 
and  others  of  broken  stamp  stems  and  other  iron  bars 
which  undoubtedly  show  crystallization,  but  in  this 
connection  it  may  be  noted  that  the  point  of  discus- 
sion is  not  "do  the  fractures  show  crystallization  ?  " 
which  is  disputed  by  no  one,  but  "is  such  a  structure 
due  to  continued  vibration  and  not  inherent  in  the 
iron  or  merely  due  to  to  the  method  of  rupture '! " 

Upon  the  negative  side  of  the  discussion  are  Dr. 
R.  Raymond,  Mr.  H.  M.  Horn,  Prof.  A.  Ledebur, 
Mr.  M.  Osmond  and  others,  some  of  whom  state  posi- 
tively that  vibration  does  not  produce  crystalliza- 
tion, while  others  simply  hold  that  the  present  evi- 
dence does  not  prove  the  positive  proposition. 
Dr.  John  Percy  said  many  years  ago: 
"  I  have  not  met  with  any  evidence  to  justify  an 
affirmative  answer,  as  to  whether  vibration,  caused 
by  impact  or  otherwise,  may  induce  a  crystalline 
arrangement,  which  did  not  previously  exist,  or  was 
onlv  imperfectlv  developed." 

Prof.  A.  Ledebur  (Handbuch  der  eiseu  hutten 
kunde,  part  III,  1894)  says:  "The  opinion  that  a 
fracture  caused  by  repeated  strains  is  the  result  of  a 
change  in  structure,  and  particularly  that  fibrous 
wrought  iron  is  transformed  into  granular  under 
continuous  shocks,  has  proved  to  be  entirely 
erroneous." 

Numerous  experiments  instituted  by  Badchinger, 
in  Munich,  in  which  bars  of  iron  and  steel  were  sub- 
mitted to  repeated  shocks,  led  him  to  the  conclusion 
that  "  strains  of  iron  and  steel  repeated  frequently 
millions  of  times  bring  about  no  change  of  struc- 
ture." 

Two  very  suggestive  experiments  are  cited  by 
Messrs.  Ledourx  &  Durfee,  by  which  a  bar  of 
wrought  iron  may  be  made  to  show  in  two  fractures 
only  a  few  inches  apart  two  distinct  sources  of  frac- 
ture, the  one  sharply  crystalline,  the  other  fibrous, 
dependentt  simply  upon  whether  breaking  force  has 
been  a  sharp  blow  or  a  slowly  applied  load. 

In  the  Trim  Age.  of  July  15th.  and  September  27th, 
1894,  Mr.  Kreuzpointner,  of  Altoona,  Pa.,  sums  up 
the  present  status  of  knowledge  on  the  subject,  as 
drawn  from  his  own  investigations  and  a  study  of 
the  leading  authorities,  both  American  and  foreign: 
1. — Crystalline1  appearance  on  the  fracture  is 
caused  by  the  manner  of  breaking,  i.  e.,  transversly 
broken  fibres  show  granular  crystalline  faces,  but 
when  pulled  apart  longitudinally,  the  same  iron  will 
show  a  fibrous  structure. 

2. — The  iron  in  a  bar  may  be  crystalline  at  one 
point,  but  fibrous  at  another. 

3. — Iron  may  have  been  crystalline  at  the  point 
tested,  but  assume  a  fibrous  appearance  at  the  ten- 
sile fracture,  due  to  the  flow  of  metals. 

4. — Changes  in  the  component  elements  of  iron  are 
necessary  for  changes  in  its  crystallization,  and 
these  changes  cannot  occur  at  low  temperatures. 

5. — Repeated  stresses  cannot  produce  eaystalliza- 
tion. 

Wohler  &  Spangenburg  agree  that  alternate  and 
intermittent  stresses  tend  to  deteriorate  and  fatigue 
metals. 

Mr.  Howe  sums  up  as  follows: 

"  Repetitions  of  stress,  wholly  unaccompanied  by 
shock  and  vibration,  are  well  known  to  induce  some 
kind  of  deterioration,  which  eveutually  breaks  iron. 
Vibration  and  shock,  unaccompanied  by  great  stress, 
or  at  least  by  prolonged  repetition  of  considerable 
stress,  has  never,  so  far  as  I  know,  been  known  to 
break  it.  Examination  of  the  fragments  of  pieces 
thus  broken  by  repeated  stress,  even  when  accom- 
panied by  vibration  and  shock,  has  indicated  that 
the  injury  was  local,  and  careful  microscopic  exam- 
ination of  the  fragments  close  to  the  fracture  has 
detected  no  crystalline  change,  but  at  most  a  shat- 
tering and  incipient  separation  of  the  pre-existing 
crystals,  particles  or  grains,  or  whatever  you  may 
call  them." 

Mr.  P.  Osmond,  a  French  authority  on  iron  and 
steel,  says:  "  I  know  of  no  fact  which  demonstrates 
the  crystallization  of  iron  by  vibration;  and  all  that 
I  do  know  is  opposed  to  that  opinion  The  aspect  of 
the  fracture  depends  upon  the  original  quality  of 
the  iron  and  the  mode  of  rupture." 

Dr.  Raymond  proposes  that  the  following  series  of 
tests  be  made,  which  go  far  to  satisfactorily  settle 
many  of  the  points  now  in  dispute: 

1. — Examine  a  stamp  stem,  which  has  been  run- 
ning a  long  time  without  breaking,  for  fracture  and 
structure. 

2. — Compare  such  a  stem  with  one  made  at  the 
same  time  from  the  same  metal,  but  never  used. 

3. — Examine  a  broken  stem  at  other  points  than 
the  point  of  fracture. 

4. — Test  such  a  stem  at  any  point  in  it  and  see  if 
it  is  not  possible  to  produce  at  will  either  granular 
or  fibrous  structure  by  simply  varying  the  mode  of 
fracture. 

5. — Test  any  stamp  stem,  new  or  old,  as  in  4,  and 
see  if  the  metal  acts  differently  from  other  metals. 


By  an  act  of  Congress,  approved  Dec.  13,  1894, 
all  land  warrants,  Surveyor-General's  scrip  issued 
under  the  act  of  June  2,  1858,  is  receivable,  without 
fees,  at  any  U.  S.  land  office  at  the  rate  of  $1.25  per 


acre,  in  payment  for  commuted  homesteads,  desert 
entries,  timber  and  stone  entries,  and  timber- 
culture  entries,  and  land  purchased  at  public  auc- 
tion, unless  the  land  was  purchased  from  an  In- 
dian tribe  within  ten  j'ears. 


Consumption    of  Wood    on  the  Comstock. 


William  Alvord.  of  this  city,  prepared  a  paper  on 
the  consumption  of  timber  and  wood  in  those  mines 
for  the  meeting  of  the  American  Forestry  Associa- 
tion in  1891,  but  the  paper  has  never  been  published  in 
its  entirety.  Some  extracts  from  the  paper  are  here- 
with given,  it  being  observed  that  the  statements 
are  applicable  to  the  date  when  the  article  was 
written. 

The  walls,  ore  bodies,  and,  generally  speaking, 
the  entire  formation  of  this  lode,  are  remarkable  for 
want  of  firmness  and  tenacity.  The  friable  nature  of 
the  ore,  which  renders  its  mining  comparatively  easy 
without  blasting,  except  to  fracture  large  masses, 
has  a  counter  disadvantage  in  requiring  an  expensive 
and  complete  system  of  timbering  in  order  to  make 
its  extraction  safe.  Again,  some  of  the  mines  of 
this  lode  are.  or  have  been,  operated  at  a  depth  con- 
siderably exceeding  3000  feet.  However,  the  chief 
reason  for  using  large  quantities  of  timber  is  the 
great  width  of  veins  carrying  high-grade  ore.  On 
the  1550  level  of  the  Consolidated  Virginia  mine  a 
vein  330  feet  wide  has  been  worked  out  clean,  and  in 
it  and  various  other  mines  of  the  lode  veins  ranging 
from  65  to  200  feet  wide  have  been  worked  out  in  the 
same  manner.  The  ore  of  the  vein  in  the  Consoli- 
dated Virginia,  above  referred  to.  furnished  an  aver- 
age yield  of  $126  in  silver  and  gold  to  the  ton.  Such 
ore  is  too  valuable  to  be  utilized  for  chamber  walls  as 
principal  supports,  as  is  done  in  most  of  the  mines  of 
the  world. 

The  enormous  pressure  resulting  from  the  weight 
of  the  overlying  formation,  augmented  by  the  ab- 
sence of  the  usual  chamber  walls  as  principal  sup- 
ports, is  sustained  by  an  elaborate  network  of  costly 
timbering,  which  has  been  admired  for  its  complete- 
ness, safety  and  structural  strength  by  many  of  the 
most  skillful  mining  engineers  of  the  civilized  world. 
Without  vast  quantities  of  massive  timbers  to  keep 
the  walls  in  place,  and  corresponding  quantities  of 
wood  to  generate  power  for  pumping  out  the  water, 
hoisting  the  ores,  reducing  and  amalgamating  them 
and  retortiug  at  the  mills,  the  great  bulk  of  the 
precious  metals  which  the  Comstock  miues  have 
poured  into  the  lap  of  nations  would  never  have  been 
discovered,  and  its  extraction  would  have  been  prac- 
tically impossible.  The  constant  requisitions  of  the 
Comstock  mines  upon  the  mountain  forests  have  led 
to  the  christening  of  the  lode  as  "The  Tomb  of  the 
Sierras." 

When  the  mines  of  the  Comstock  lode  were  dis- 
covered the  surrounding  mountains  were  sparsely 
covered  with  a  growth  of  scrubby  pines  (Pinus  edulis), 
commonly  known  as  the  Pinon  or  nut  pine,  inter- 
spersed with  a  stunted  variety  of  red  cedar  (Juui- 
jimis  Virginiama).  These  woods  were  the  most  valu- 
able of  all  for  fuel,  being  hard,  resinous  and  fine 
grained,  but  were  worthless  for  timbers  and  lumber, 
being  too  small.  They  supplied  the  wants  of  the 
mines  during  the  prospecting  and  surface-mining 
eras,  and  as  long  as  fuel  only  was  wanted,  but  as 
soon  as  any  considerable  depth  was  reached  the  sup- 
ply was  entirely  exhausted,  and  the  most  easily  ac- 
cessible forests  of  the  eastern  slope  of  the  Sierra 
Nevada  were  encroached  upon,  and  ever  since  then 
the  forest  line  of  these  mountains  has  been  pushed 
westward  before  the  axe,  until  now  it  is  west  of  the 
eastern  crest  of  the  Sierra  range,  and  almost 
on  a  line  parallel  with  the  western  shore  of  Lake 
Tahoe,  and  fairly  within  the  limits  of  the  State  of 
California. 

Timbers,  lumber  and  wood  have  been  chiefly  sup- 
plied in  late  years  to  the  Comstock  mines  from  the 
southern  portion  of  the  Lake  Tahoe  basin,  on  the 
California  side  of  the  State  line.  The  wood  and  logs 
are  first  transported  about  twelve  miles  by  rail  to 
the  lake  shore  at  Bijou,  the  railroad  extending  over 
piles  1790  feet  out  into  the  lake,  to  a  depth  of  water 
where  the  steamers  and  barges  can  moor  alongside 
of  the  track.  The  wood  is  unloaded  from  the  cars  on 
barges,  which  have  a  carrying  capacity  of  from  75  to 
140  cords  each.  The  logs  are  dumped  from  the  cars 
into  the  lake  and  enclosed  in  boom  timbers,  forming 
immense  rafts,  and  then  towed  by  powerful  steamers 
to  the  eastern  shore  of  the  lake.  At  this  point  the 
logs  are  sawed  into  timbers  and  lumber,  which",  with 
the  firewood,  are  reloaded  on  cars  and  transported 
up  a  long  incline  to  the  summit  over  another  railroad 
about  ten  miles  long.  At  the  summit  it  is  uuloaded 
and  is  conveyed  through  a  flume  about  twelve  miles 
to  the  wood  and  lumber  yards  at  Carson  City,  Ne- 
vada, and  from  there  it  is  taken  by  rail  twenty  miles 
to  the  miues,  making  a  total  distance  of  sixty-five 
miles  from  the  forest,  over  two  rugged  mountain 
chains.  From  the  forest  to  the  mines  the  timber, 
lumber  and  wood  are  necessarily  handled  thirteen 
times,  but  the  arrangements  are  so  methodical  and 
complete  that  the  whole  system  is  operated  with 
mechanical  regularity  and  precision.  The  flume  is 
V-shaped,  with  a  carrying  capacity  of  60(1  cords  of 


wood  a  day,  and  it  will  transport  the  heaviest   min- 
ing timbers  as  well  as  lumber  and  cord  wood. 

To  the  present  time  120,000  acres  of  the  Sierra 
Nevada's  choicest  forests  around  Lake  Tahoe,  and 
75,000  acres  around  the  headwaters  of  the  Carson 
river,  have  been  denuded  to  operate  the  mines.  This 
area  was  practically  all  heavily  timbered,  and  when 
it  is  considered  that  it  equals  an  expanse  of  land  305 
miles  long  by  one  mile  wide,  it  will  be  apprehended 
that  there  is  good  reason  for  calling  the  Comstock 
"  The  Tomb  of  the  Sierras." 

From  January  1,  1880,  to  January  1,  1891,  249,756,- 
000  feet  of  timber  and  lumber  were  shipped  to  and 
used  in  and  about  the  Comstock  mines.  During  the 
same  period  100,776,440  cubic  feet  of  wood  were  con- 
sumed, and  to  the  latter  amount  should  be  added  11,- 
224,000  feet  consumed  by  the  Carson  river  mills, 
auxiliary  to  the  mines,  making  a  total  of  875,316 
cords.  For  the  decade  commencing  January  1,  1870. 
and  ending  January  1,  1880,  the  timber,  lumber  and 
wood  used  cannot  be  ascertained  with  exactness,  but 
a  conservative  estimate  by  men  most  familiar  with 
the  facts  fixes  the  figures  at  425,000,000  feet  of  tim- 
ber and  lumber,  and  268,800,000  cubic  feet  of  wood, 
to  which  should  be  added  10,240,000  cubic  feet  used 
in  and  about  Carson  river  mills. 

A  moderate  estimate  of  the  average  price  paid  at 
the  mines  for  timber  and  lumber  since  1870  is  $23  a 
thousand  feet  and  for  wood  $10  a  cord,  so  that  the 
Comstock  mines  since  1870  have  used  wood  and  tim- 
ber to  the  total  value  of  $46,072,548. 

The  consumption  of  forest  products  by  the  mines 
for  the  period  between  the  discovery  of  the  Comstock" 
lode  and  1870  cau  hardly  be  approximated,  as  there 
are  no  data  for  that  time  obtainable,  but  $55,000,000 
is  probably  a  moderate  estimate  of  the  entire  cost  of 
timbers,  lumber  and  wood  used  in  and  about  the 
Comstock  mines  from  the  date  of  their  discovery  un- 
til the  present  time. 

The  seemingly  endless  labyrinths  of  timbers  in  the 
Comstock  mines,  when  ignited  and  beyond  control, 
make  a  subterranean  fire  which  burns  and  smoulders 
for  years.  Many  lives  have  been  lost  in  the  mines 
by  reason  of  these  fires,  but  none  are  recorded  as 
having  been  lost  because  of  any  inherent  defect  in 
the  timbers  or  system  of  timbering.  The  size  of  the 
timbers  used  varies  from  the  huge  pieces  sixteen 
inches  square  and  twenty-four  feet  long  to  the 
smaller  pieces  eight  inches  square  used  in  cribbing. 
The  species  used  are  chiefly  yellow  pine  {Pinus  pon- 
derosa),  fir  (Picea  magnified)  and  cedar  (Thuya  gigan- 
tea),  of  which  the  latter  is  found  in  such  small  quan- 
tities as  to  be  hardly  worth  considering.  Fully  two- 
thirds  of  the  whole  amount  used  is  yellow  pine,  about 
one-third  fir,  and  less  than  one  per  cent  is  cedar. 
Yellow  pine  is  a  favorite  timber  with  mine  carpen- 
ters, on  account  of  its  exactitude  in  joining.  Cedar 
is  inferior  to  no  known  timber,  not  even  excepting 
redwood,  for  its  lasting  qualities  underground.  Yel- 
low pine  "has  been  taken  from  the  lower  levels  of 
these  mines  so  compacted  by  the  enormous  pressure 
it  has  withstood  as  to  have  a  density  and  weight  ex- 
ceeding those  of  lignum-vitas,  and  has  been  made  in- 
to paper  weights  and  other  beautiful  ornaments. 
None  of  the  timbers  in  the  Comstock  mines  have  yet 
badly  decayed,  and  their  life  there  cannot  be  accu- 
rately determined.  The  heat  and  vapors  of  the 
mines  surcharged  with  mineral  atoms  appear  to  have 
a  decidedly  preservative  effect  upon  the  timbers. 

The  area  upon  which  the  forest  has  been  cut  oil  to 
supply  the  mines  is  now  growing  up,  principally  in 
pine,  but  the  second  growth  is  so  slow  that  it  will 
require  many  years  for  it  to  attain  a  size  sufficient 
for  mining  timber.  The  new  growth  is  very  thick", 
and  on  some  of  the  lower  slopes  of  the  mountains, 
where  it  is  over  twenty  years  old,  there  are  few 
trees  ten  inches  in  diameter,  and  the  average  diam- 
eter will  not  exceed  six  inches.  In  the  Tahoe  basin, 
which  has  been  cut  over  principally  within  the  last 
ten  years,  the  young  trees  are  about  live  feet  high 
and  will  average  about  four  inches  in  diameter.  In 
the  Sierra  Nevada  fir  predominates  on  the  northern 
slopes,  where  the  snow  remains  the  longest  and  the 
sun  shines  the  least.  On  the  other  slopes  pine 
largely  predominates. 

Aluminum  :  Quantity  and  Price  for  Last  Ten 
Years. 


The  Aluminum  World  gives  the  following  table 
showing  the  quantity  and  price  of  manufactured 
aluminum  for  each  year  from  1884  till  1893: 

Price 
Date.  Pounds.       per  pound. 

1884 150  $0  00 

1885 283  9  00 

1886 3,000  1100 

188? 18.000  3  27 

1888 19.000  3  42 

1889 47,468  2  04 

1890 61,281  1  55 

1 891 . . ." 150,0011  66 

1892 259.885  66 

1893 339.629  75 


Writing  to  the  Union,  Or.,  Smut,  a  Cornucopia 
man  says:  "  We  know  the  mines  of  Baker  county  are 
all  running  and  the  mines  of  Union  county  (con- 
fessedly the  best  in  the  State)  are  all  idle.  Why? 
Because  the  Baker  papers  keep  their  mines  before 
the  mining  world  and  their  articles  are  copied  all 
over  the  West,  especially  in  the  Minimi  \nd  Scien- 
tific Press  of  San  Francisco." 


March  l(i,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


173 


Canadian    Lumber. 


Canadian  lumber  resources  will  un- 
dergo a  very  exhausting  drain  during 
i  his  year  and  next.  The  present  tarifl 
system  of  the  1  oi  ted  States  admits  lum- 
ber tree,  but.  ;h  iliis  tarifl  is  exceeding 
ly  unpopular,  and  as  the  voters  of  the 

Republic  in  November  last  pronoi ed 

against  it  in  unmistakable  terms,  it  is 
taken  for  granted  tliat  it  will  be  in 
operation  only  until  1^!'T  ut  the  furthest. 
Acting  on  this  belief,  all  Americans  own- 
ing wooded  lands  in  Canada  will  do  all 
thai  lies  in  their  power  to  strip  those 
lands  before  a  new  tarifl  shall  be  enact- 
ed thai  shall  place  a  duty  on  imported 
lumber.  They  will  strain  every  nerve  to 
rush  their  Canadian  trees  into  lumber, 
and  inrush  the  lumber  over  the  border. 
In  this  they  will  be  imitated  by  the  Ca- 
nadians wl »'n  wooded  lands.     All  of 

t lulu  will  hasten  to  take  advantage  of 
tin-  free  markets  hen-.  The  result  will 
probably  be  a  larger  inroad  into  the  for- 
ests  of  Canada  during  1895,  1896  and 
1897  I  han  was  ever  before  made  in  three 

years.  The  movement  will  send  a  good 
amount  of  i \   into  Canada,  to  be 

sure,  but  the  money  will  hardly  offset 
-  of  forested  area,  and  the  per- 
centage  of  it  that  may  lie  classed 
,i-  profit  will  actually  be  very  small. 
Some  Canadians,  having  an  eye  to  the 

future,  do  not  like  the  situation  at,    all. 

They  in  reality  consider  the  destruction 

of  the  Canadian  forests  an  unmixed  evil, 
tin  this  side  of  the  border  the  move- 
ment will  work  a  present  financial  and 
industrial  hardship,  but  in  the  broader 
sense  it  will  be  a  benefit  to  the  United 
States.  The  great  cut  for  the  next 
three  years  in  Canada  will  be  made  on 
all  the  must  accessible  forest  tracts, 
and.  after  those  tracts  are  cleared, 
there  will  be  an  increase  in  the  cost 
of  Canadian  lumber,  by  reason  of  great- 
er expense  necessary  to  move  it  from 
the  remoter  tracts  to  the  shipping 
points,  American  owners  of  Canadian 
limits  are  slashing  right  and  left,  and 
when,  at  the  end  of  the  free-lumber 
period,  they  lay  down  their  axes,  they 
will  have  converted  many  square  miles 
of  forest  into  stumpy,  chip-covered 
wastes,  on  which  great  fires  will  feed. 
Canada  has  got  a  free-lumber  market 
now  in  the  United  States,  but  it  will  in 
the  end  prove  to  be  a  dear  investment 
lor   Canada.  —  The   Lumber  World. 

Til  K  largest  derrick  in  the  world  is 
said  to  be  that  used  in  the  granite 
quarryof  C.  E.  Tayntor&  Co.,  at  Barre, 
VI.  Its  mast  is  llli  feet  high  and  is  held 
by  Id  guys,  each  running  out  about  2(1(1 
feet  to  heavy  anchorages.  The  boom 
can  swing  around  a  circle  142  feet  in 
diameter,  and,  like  the  mast,  is  built  of 
Phoenix  columns,  such  as  are  used  in 
structural  iron  work  in  buildings.  The 
loads  are  hoisted  b3'  means  of  a  steel 
wire  rope  1',  inches  in  diameter,  and 
the  boom  itself  is  handled  with  a  similar 
rope  of  three-quarters  of  an  inch 
diameter.  Over  a  mile  of  steel  rope 
was  us«jd  in  rigging  the  derrick,  and  its 
weight,  exclusive  of  the  rope,  is  about 
fifty  thousand  pounds.  It  is  operated 
by  means  of  a  hoisting  engine,  and  so 
well  are  all  the  parts  designed  that  a 
pull  of  HUH  pounds  at  the  end  of  the 
boom  will  revolve  the  whole  appliance 
when  the  boom  is  horizontal  and  loaded 
with  37]  tons.  The  derrick  has  been 
tested  with  a  load  of  57 J  tons,  although 
designed  to  carry  only  411  tons;  and  if 
(he  ropes  were  heavy  enough  the  re- 
mainder of  the  apparatus  has  sufficient 
strength  to  carry  loads  of  Kll  tons.  It 
replaces  a  derrick  which  bad  a  mast 
and  booms  of  very  large  sticks  of  pine, 
but  the  largest  which  could  be  procured 
were  unable  to  raise  with  safety  the 
heavy  loads  that  had  to  be  handled 
occasionally  in  the  quarry. 


Power, 
Hining,    Hilling, 
Smelting,   Concentration 
and  Leaching  Hachinery;  Re 
turn    Tubular    and    Water'  Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me= 
chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines 
RiedlerAirand  Gas  Compressors   Ried- 
ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    EnVines 
Cornish  Pumps,   Roots   Blowers,  Conner 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,   Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers 
Crushing   Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes  ' 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional' 
Hachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers 
Concrete   Mixers,   Heavy  Ha 
chinery  and    Mine    Sup 
plies.  =  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Mex.- 
527  '7th  St.,  Denver,  Colo.;  Helena,  Montana- 
.  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 

CHICAGO,  I1X.,  U.  S.  A.  anJ 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London 


Eng. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


MANUFACTURERS     OF 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

Ami  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  "equired 

♦-*♦  A     SPECIALTY.  +>  ♦ 


OFFICE    /VtND     WORKS:       34     and     3<5     Main     Street,      San     Francisco,    Cal. 


To  repair  a  feed  or  other  water 
pipe,  mix  a  moderately  stiff  putty 
from  red  and  white  lead  with  boiled 
linseed  oil,  and  work  into  it  some  hemp 
chopped  into  short  lengths;  apply  it 
over  the  crack  in  a  moderately  thick- 
mass;  then  wrap  some  strips  of  canvas 
parceling  round  the  rope  tightly,  and 
finish  by  sewing  marline  hard  over  the 
parceling. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

*k  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof,  m* 

For  CHLORINATION  WORKS  and    Preserving  Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F».  &  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  i!i£££2J£$!^ 

221  South  Broudway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        4°  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 


220  Market  St. 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  fuses  in  our  office,  we  li  tve  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  ut"  Inventions  brought  before  uf  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  winch  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO. ,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St. ,  $.p, 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/Wine  and  /Will    Supplies* 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

I  63  &  Gfi  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco 

Cy- ^  We  would  call  the  attention 
'Of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-C 
ing  Companies,  Milling  Com- 
panies, Prospectors;  etc.,  to 
our  full  stock  of  Balances, 
Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scorifiers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacitic  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  aud 
price. 

Agents  of  the  I>enver  Fire  Clay  Co.  aud 

for   the    Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Batlersea, 

England.     Also  for  K.  U.  Deuiiistoii's  Sil- 

j  ver  Plated  Amalgam  Platen.    The  plates  of  this 

I  well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 

aud    full    weight    of    Silver    guaranteed.     Orders 

I  taken  at  his  lowest  prices.    Our  Illustrated  Cata: 

logue  and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application, 

JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


Business    College, 

24  Post  Street,        -  San  Franelsco. 

FOR    SEVENTY -FIVE     DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type- Writing 
Bookkeeping:.  Telegraphy.  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 

to  business,  fur  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

i  A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

I  Has  been  es'abllshed  under-  a  thoroughly  Qualified 

1   Instructor.     The    course    la    thoroughly    practical. 

Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


174 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  1(5  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  March  14,  1895. 

A  further  drop  in  lead  and  copper,  and  an  ad- 
vance in  silver,  characterized  the  week.  The 
assertion  again  finds  credence  that  silver  is 
sure  to  ascend.  There  is  increased  interest 
in  the  prospect  for  recognition  o£  its  demands. 

The  demonetization  of  the  silver  dollar 
twenty-two  years  ago  has  always  been  as 
much  'of  a  historical  puzzle  as  "The  Man  in 
the  Iron  Mask." 

No  hill  was  ever  passed  to  demonetize  silver. 
Silver  was  demonetized  by  a  trick,  and  not 
more  than  two  or  three  men  in  the  city  of 
Washington  knew  when  it  was  done  or  within 
a  year  thereafter,  even,  that  it  had  been 
done.  This  demonetization  was  the  result  of 
a  combination  among  half  a  dozen  of  the  lead- 
ing gamblers  of  the  gold  board,  which  had  its 
ramifications  abroad.  The  coinage  committee 
of  the  House  reported  a  "  bill  to  codify  the 
mint  laws."  The  necessity  for  that  codifica- 
tion was  well  known,  and  the  chairman  ex- 
plained that  no  change  had  been  made  in  any 
way  of  laws,  but  that  the  different  acts  bear- 
ing upon  the  mint  had  been  brought  together 
under  one  section.  The  bill  was  not  even 
read,  except  by  title.  It  was  passed  without 
one  dissenting' vote.  In  the  section  enumer- 
ating the  different  silver  coins  of  the  United 
States  the  word  "dollar"  was  omitted,  begin- 
ning "the  half  dollar,"  etc.  No  one  noticed 
the  omission.  Even  a  careful  reading  of  the 
bill  by  every  member  of  Congress  would  not 
have  "revealed  the  trick  to  any  one  of  them. 
No  member  was  thinking  of  the  demonetiza- 
tion of  silver.  No  member  had  ever  sug- 
gested such  a  thing.  The  silver  dollar  was 
at  three  cents  premium  over  the  gold  dollar, 
and  when  the  gold  dollar  was  quoted  at  116 
the  silver  dollar  was  quoted  at  119.  The  word 
had  been  striken  out  by  some  member  of  the 
committee  without  the  knowledge  of  his  un- 
suspecting colleagues ;  but  who  did  it  has 
never  been  discovered.  In  after  years  each 
member  of  the  committee  on  coinage  expressly 
disclaimed  any  knowledge  of  the  trick  or  that 
he  knew  or  had  heard  that  the  word  "dollar" 
had  been  omitted.  The  bill  went  to  the  Sen- 
ate, was  referred  to  its  committee  on  coinage, 
examined  perfunctorily,  reported  by  Mr. 
Sherman  (the  chairman)  to  the  Senate,  and 
passed  by  the  Senate  on  Mr.  Sherman's 
assurance  that  it  made  no  change  in  the  law, 
only  bringing  all  the  different  laws  together. 
After  the  bill  was  passed  the  secret  that  sil- 
ver had  been  demonetized  was  carefully  kept. 
No  member  of  the  Government  knew  it.  Six 
months  after,  and  again  a  year  after,  Presi- 
dent Grant,  not  knowing  that  silver  had  been 
demonetized,  advocated  the  coinage  of  more 
silver  dollars.  At  that  time  there  were 
none  in  the  country.  The  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  also  advocated  the  same  thing.  To 
their  intense  astonishment  they  were  shown 
the  report  of  the  director  of  the  German  mint, 
in  which  he  stated  that  America  had  demone- 
tized its  silver  coinage.  The  statement  had 
been  laughed  at  as  the  blunder  of  a  foreigner, 
but  upon  an  examination  of  the  mint  laws  as 
codified  under  tbe  act  of  the  year  before,  it 
was  discovered  that  silver  had  been  demone- 
tized for  a  year.  Eve:y  effort  from  that  mo- 
ment to  this  to  take  the  back  track  has  been 
defeated. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,  March  14.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@12.50c. 
COPPER— Brokers',  9.40c;  exchange,  9.60c. 
LEAD— Brokers',  S2.95;  exchange,  S3. 
TIN -Straits,  13?ic. 
SPELTER— Domestic,  $3.20. 

New  York  Prices. 

New  York,  Mar.  14. — Following  are  the  dos- 
ing prices  for  the  week 


-Silver  in 


Copper. 
9  40 
'9  40 


3  02H 


9  40 


London. 

Friday Z1H 

Saturday 27« 

Monday 27M 

Tuesday 2?3£ 

Wednesday 27  % 

Thursday 27% 

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  bv  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 10c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 12%e 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.88Ji 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.893i 

Renned  Silver,  per  ounce 6  l^c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 


@  10 

®  5S4 

@  5M 

@  5 


16 
14 


San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 

Per  lb 

BORAX. 

Renned,  in  car  lots —    @ 

Powdered,         "      —    @ 

Concentrated,  "     —    @ 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @ 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 21    @ 

Ingot,  jobbing —    @ 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @ 

TIN  PLATE. 

Par  bx 525    @600 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00    @16 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00    @'~ 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14    @ 

ZINC. 

Sheet 8Jtf@ 

LEAD. 

Pig -    ® 

Bar —    @ 

Sheet —    @ 

Pipe —    <a 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs. 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  " 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do.     " 

QUICKSILVER. 
Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    @ 


100 

I  00 


3  S«i 

4  20 

5  25 

4  75 


1  45 
1  45 


COAL. 
SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington *  J  ?■> 

Greta 7  •» 

Nanaimo <?  ~? 

Silman jj  ™ 

Seattle °  00 

Coos  Bay »  «J{ 

Cannel ,=  "" 

Egg,  hard 12  50 

Wallsend J  00 

Scotch  Splint 8  00 

3rymbo '  {« 

West  Hartley s  o" 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @  — — 

Liverpool  Steam 700  @ 

ScotchSpllnt 6  50  <a 

Cardiff 6  50  @ 

LehighLump 16  00  @ 

Cumberland U  00  @ 

Egg.hard 12  00  ® 

West  Hartley 7  00  <a 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c  tg  bbl 

English,  to  load 9  00  <g)  10  00 

spot,  in  bulk @  1150 

"        in  sacks —  —  @  12  50 

Cumberland 600  @  —  — 

LUMBER. 
SAN  FRANCISCO  — WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00    @ 

Pine 13  00    ®    18  00 

Spruce 25  00    @    30  00 


Mining  Share  Market. 

San  Francisco,  March  14.  1895. 

Comstocks  opened  quiet  this  week,  advanced 
on  Tuesday,  had  a  setback  and  held  their  own 
the  days  following.  The  "spring  deal"  has 
not  materialized  yet,  though,  as  far  as  the 
real  basis  is  concerned,  the  mines  are  in  bet- 
ter shape  now  than  for  some  time  before. 
Bodie  Con.  sold  up  to  $1.45,  exhibiting  the 
most  strength  of  any  on  the  list. 

A  gentleman  from  the  Comstock,  who  vis- 
ited the  Eureka  mill,  tells  the  Enterprise  that 
the  Chicago  syndicate  which  bought  the  tail- 
ings and  recently  completed  the  plant  at  the 
Eureka  mill,  is  making  a  success  out  of  the 
prospect.  Eighty-eight  per  eeut  of  the  assay 
value  of  the  tailings  is  being  saved  aud  every- 
thing is  running  in  a  prosperous  manner. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Hale  &  Nor- 
cross, the  following  was  adopted  : 

Whereas,  The  Supreme  Court  of  this  State 
has  decided  that  the  rule  as  to  declaring  divi- 
dends is,  "That  the  apportionments  of  the 
net  earnings  to  the  payment  of  cash  dividends 
is  largely  one  of  policy  intrusted  to  the  dis- 
cretion of  the  directors";  and  whereas,  this 
corporation  is  a  judgment  creditor  for  more 
than  $1,000,000  in  the  case  of  M.  W.  Fox  vs. 
this  company  and  others,  whichsaid  judgment 
has  been  appealed  from  and  the  said  appeal 
has  been  argued  and  submitted  to  the  Su- 
preme Court; 

Now,  therefore,  we,  the  stockholders  of 
said  corporation,  do  hereby  authorize,  em- 
power and  direct  the  trustees  or  directors  of 
this  corporation,  in  case  judgment  shall  be  af- 
firmed in  whole  or  in  part  to  declare  divi- 
dends to  the  stockholders  immediately  upon 
the  collection  of  said  moneys  of  the  whole 
amount  of  said  collection,  less  the  debts  and 
claims  against  said  company,  and  the  further 
sum  of  $25,000  to  be  retained  for  the  use  of  the 
company  and  the  dead  work  of  the  same. 

At  the  delinquent  assessment  sale  of  the 
Sierra  Nevada  Mining  Company,  held  last 
Monday,  7S4  shares  were  offered  for  sale,  for 
non-payment  of  the  assessment. 

At  the  delinquent  assessment  sale  of  the 
Gould  &  Curry  Company,  on  Tuesday,  1100 
shares  were  offered. 

Articles  of  incorporation  of  the  H.  P.  Taylor 
Mining  Company  have  been  filed.  Principal 
place  of  business,  San  Francisco.  Capital 
stock,  $500,000,  with  W.  Patterson,  H.  P. 
Taylor  Jr.,  J.  H.  Smith,  D.  T.  Cole  and  A.  C. 
Hammond  as  directors. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Alpha., $     09 

Alta  Consolidated. . ..  32 

Andes 


Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York.- 

Crown  Point 

Exchequer 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman... 

Potosi 

Savage 

Sierra  Nevada 

Union 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket 


-  47 
95 
92 
24 
44 
59 

1  60 

2  95 


49 


1  25 


94 
1  90 
17 
56 
47 
71 
56 


91 
1  40 


67 


53 

1  50 

2  80 

"41 
04 
53 
98 
18 
92 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  March  14,  1895 
9;30  a.  m.  session. 

50  Alpha  Con 10  500  Hale  &  Norcross. . 

100 09'200 

250  Andes 291500  Mexican 

50    28  100  Mono 

550  Bodie 1  35  350  Ophir 1 

lOOBulwer 21 2(K)  Seg  Belcher 

300  Chollar 50,400  Sierra  Nevada. . . . 

200  Crown  Point 41 100 

150  C.  C.  V 2  80;  50  Union 

10 2  75  200  Ut ah 

100  Gould  &  Curry ....    531 100  Yellow  Jacket ... . 

SECOND  SESSION — 2:  30  P.  M. 

200  Alta 32  200H&  N 

200  Andes 291200  Justice 

200  Best  &  Belcher...    91)100  Mexican 

50  Benton  Con 50  100  Ophir 1 

650  Bodie 1  40J300 I 

600  Bulwer 22)500  Overman 

300Chollar 53500Savage 

100  Confidence 1  50200  Sierra  Nevada 

450ConCal  &  Va 2  80:100  Union  Con- 

500  Crown  Point 41 100 

1000  Exchequer 04100  Yellow  Jacket. . . . 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 


Compiled  Every  Tim rsday  from  Advertisem-ents 


Company  and  Location.  No. 

Belcher  SM  Co.Nev 50.. 

Booib  G  M  Co,  Cal 5.. 

Bullion  M  Co,  Nev 44. 

Bullion  Con  G>  M  Co,  Cal. 1 . . 

Challenge  Con,  Nev 18. . 

Con  New  York,  Nev 13.. 

Crown  Point  G&SMCo,  Nev.. 65,. 

Eureka  Con,  Nev 13. . 

Granite  GM  Co,  Cal 2.. 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co,  Cal 39., 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 26. 

Iowa  M  Co,  Nev 20., 

Julia  Con  M  Co,  Nev. 


Justice  M  Co,  Nev 58.. 

La  Candelaria  M  Co,  Mex 8.. 

La  Grange  H  M  Co,  Cal 10.. 

North  San  Juan  G  M  Co 1.. 

Osborn  Hill  G  M  Co,  Cal 4.. 

Reed  M&  MCo,  Nev 1.. 

South  Eureka  M  Co,  Cal 17.. 

Standard  Gravel  Co,  Cal 1.. 

Starlight  Mining  Co,  Cal 5.. 


Company  and  Location. 
Chollar  M  Co,  Nev 


Ami. 
..25c 
.  2c. 
.  .10c. 
..10c. 
..  5c 
..  5c 
..25c 
.  .Snc 
..  lHc 
..  5C. 
..IOC. 
..  So.. 
. .  5c. 


.35C. 
.12c. 
.25c. 
.  2c. 
.  lo.. 
.12c. 
.10c. 


in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Frmi  risen  Jmtrtuiis; 
ASSESSMENTS. 
Levied,  Delinq't  and  Sxle,  Secretary. 

Mar   5,  Apr    9.  Apr   30 C  L  Perkins,  3(H)  Montgomery 

Feb    18,  Mar  25,  Apr  17 Geo  R  Spinney,  3tnPine 

..Jan    21, Feb  26,  Mar  21 R  R  Grayson.  331  Pine 

..Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  25 C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  16 CL  McCoy,  Mills  Building 

.  .Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  17 Ctias  E  Elliott,  &j<)  Montgomery 

..Marl2.  Apr   16,  May    7 Jas.  Newlands,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,Mar25,Apr   11 H  P  Bush,  134  Market 

Jan      2,  Mar     9,  Apr    6 \Vm  Schaw 

Mar    2,  Apr     8,  Apr  26 .A  P  Swain  SOU  Montgomery 

..Jan    21,  Mar    6,April5 W  W  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

..Mar   6,  Apr    9,  Apr   27 R  L  Thomas,  419  California 

..Feb    13,Mar20,Apr  10 J  StacUI'eld,  jr.,  309  Montgomery 

.  .Feb     9,  Mar  14,  Apr    3 RE  Kelly.  809  Montgomery 

.   Mar    7,  Apr     9,  Apr  27 G  A  Hill,  22  Market 

..Feb  23,  Apr     1,  Apr    22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

.  .Jan    28,  Mar     8,  Mar  27 H  W  Morris,  143  First 

..Feb  27,  Apr     4,  Apr    21 R  R  Grayson,  331  Pine 

..Dec    31,  Feb   11,  April  3.  .John  H  Isham,  room  a'ri.  Mills  Bldg. 

..Feb   20,  Apr     1,  Apr  22 A  Halsev,  3--J8  Montgomery 

..Jan    25,  Mar    4,  Mar  22 VV  H  Schmidt,  207  East 

.  .Feb    11,  Mar  18,  Apr    8 H  R  Williar,  214  Pine 

MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

.  ,CE  Elliott,  79  Nevada  Block. March  20 


List  of   U.    5.   Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported    by    Dewey    &   Co..    Pioneer    Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacitic  Coast- 


FOR  THE  WEEK    ENDING  MARCH  5,   189d. 

535,162.— Wood  Shaper— G.  H.  Carlson,  Hoquiain, 

Wish. 
535,320.— Conveyor— W.  B.  Comstock,  Oak    Bar, 

Cal. 
535,322.— Sewer   Flusher— P.    B.  Donahoo,    Oak- 
land, Cal. 
535,058.— Thill  Coupling— W.  L.  Frazer,  National 

City,  Cal. 
535,329.— Motor— J.  Gambettl.  Stockton,  Cal. 
535,100.—  Burglar  Alarm— J.  B.  Gill,  3.  F. 
535,108.— Marline  Spike— A.  Helgesson,  Portland, 

Or. 
535,246.— Hauling    Seines  — R.    D.    Hume.    Gold 

Beach,  Or. 
535,253.— Car  Coupling— J.  C.  Look,  San  Jose,  Cal. 
535.25L— Car  Coupling— J.  C.  Look,  San  Jose,  Cal. 
535,260.— Pulverizer— \Y.  B.  McPhersoD,  Victor, 

Cal. 
535  121).— Windmill— P.  A.  Norberg.Roslyn.Wash. 
535,297.— Electric  Railway— A.  Rosenholz,  S.  F. 
535,302.—  Track  Cleaner— A.  J.  Smith,  Stockton, 

Cal. 
535,231—  Seat  Fastener— C.  G.  Taylor,  Farming- 
ton,  Wash 
535,125.—  Scoop—  W.  Vincent,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
5a5,l5i.— Car  Coupling— C.  Whitmore,  Stockton, 
Cal. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Fuielen  paients  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  In  the  BhortUBt  time  possible 
(by  mall  for  telegraphic  order).  American  and 
Foreign  patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  busi- 
ness for  Pacific  Coast  inventors  transuded  with 
perfect  security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the 
shortest  possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent   Patents. 

*imong  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
D.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention : 

Sectional  Conductor  System  for  Electric 
Railways. — Alfred  Rosenholz,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  assignor  of  one-half  to  Samuel  J.  Clarke 
and  Harvey  S.  Brown  of  same  place.  No. 
535,297.  Dated  March  5,  1S95.  This  invention 
relates  to  improvements  in  electric  railways 
in  which  the  conducting  wires  are  adapted  to 
pass  underneath  the  ground,  and  it  is  adapted 
to  be  used  in  conjunction  with  a  tube  or 
tunnel  either  built  specially  for  an  electric 
railway,  or  the  tube  of  a  cable  railway  may 
be  used  when  it  is  desired  to  transform  the 
cable  road  into  an  electric  road.  It  consists 
of  a  main  conductor  enclosed  in  tubes  sur- 
rounded by  a  non-conducting  cement,  yokes 
fixed  to  the  interior  of  the  conduit  or  tunnel 
and  adapted  to  support  the  adjacent  euds  of 
the  conductor  tubes  at  poiuts  where  the 
switches  are  introduced  between  them, 
switches  consisting  of  non-conducting  casings 
fitting  over  the  main  conductor  between  the 
ends  of  the  pipes,  a  non-conducting  tape  or 
film  enclosing  the  conductor  where  it  emerges 
from  the  tubes,  sleeves  surrounding  the  con- 
ductor and  screwing  into  the  ends  of  the 
tubes,  insulating  collars  journaled  to  turn 
upon  said  sleeves  and  fitting  into  the  sides  of 
the  tubular  insulated  casing  which  projects  at 
right  angles  from  the  conductor,  said  casing 
supporting  a  trolley  wire  at  its  inner  closed 
end,  with  a  connection  between  said  trolley 
wire  and  a  contact  plate  in  the  interior  of  the 
casing,  a  soft  iron  core  fixed  to  the  main  con- 
ductor and  extending  within  the  casing  to  a 
point  adjacent  to  the  contact  plate  thereof,  an 
insulated  wire  having  one  end  connected  with 
the  main  conductor  coiling  around  the  core, 
with  the  opposite  end  connected  with  an  in- 
sulated contact  plate  at  tbe  eud  of  the  core, 
whereby  contact  is  formed  between  the  two 
plates  when  the  trolley  wire  is  depressed  by 
a  passing  trolley,  and  contact  between  the 
two  plates  is  broken  by  a  counterbalance 
weight  at  the  opposite  end  of  the  casing  which 
raises  the  opposite  end  after  the  trolley  has 
passed,  so  that  the  electric  current  is  trans- 
ferred from  the  main  conductor  through  the 
intermediate  conducting  devices  to  the  car 
while  the  car  is  passing  a  certain  point  and  is 
then  at  once  cut  off. 

Automatic  Sewer  Flusher.— P.  B.  Dona- 
hoo, Oakland,  Cal.  No.  535,322.  Dated  March 
5,  1895.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  pro- 
vide a  means  for  periodically  and  automatic- 
ally flushing  and  washing  out  sewers  or  other 
discharge  pipes,  with  a  novel  means  for  utiliz- 
ing the  manhole  well  as  a  reservoir  for  the 
collection  of  water  for  flushing  purposes  and 
discharging  said  water  in  a  body  so  as  to  pro- 
duce a  strong  flow  through  the  sewer.  It 
consists  of  the  combination  with  a  sewer 
and  a  manhole  and  well  of  an  opening  connect- 
ing the  well  with  the  sewer,  a  base  remov- 
ably fitted  into  a  flanged  frame  which  is  set 
iu  cement  surrounding  the  opening,  a  valve 
seat  formed  near  one  end  and  a  valve  adapted 


j  to  close  the  opening,  a  bucket  hinged  near  the 
:  opposite  end  below  the  base  adapted  to  tilt 
i  about  its  hinge,  a  tube  extending  through  the 
}  base  above  the  bucket  to  deliver  water  there- 
i  in,  a  rope  or  chain  connected  with  the  bucket 
and  with  the  valve  and  a  pulley  or  segment 
over  which  the  rope  or  chain  passes  whereby 
the  downward  movement  of  the  bucket  raises 
tbe  valve.  Water  is  delivered  into  the  man- 
hole through  a  supply  pipe,  the  flow  being 
regulated  so  that  the  water  will  fill  the  well 
to  the  point  of  discharge  at  any  desired  time, 
as  once  or  twice  a  day  or  once  a  week,  orotber 
suitable  or  desired  time.  The  water  flowing 
into  the  tube  passes  down  into  the  tilting 
bucket  beneath;  and  when  the  bucket  has 
been  filled,  the  weight  is  sufflcieut  to  cause  it 
to  tilt  about  its  hinge,  pulling  up  the  counter- 
balance weight  upon  the  other  end  of  the  rope 
or  chain,  and  this  allows  the  water  to  dis- 
charge suddenly  in  a  flood  until  the  bucket  is 
emptied.  After  this  has  taken  place,  the 
weight  of  the  counterbalance  will  raise  the 
bucket  to  its  original  position,  and  the 
chamber  ur  well  will  again  fill  and  discharge 
as  before  described. 

Pendulum  Motor.— John  Gambetta,  Stock- 
ton, Cal.  No.  o35,329.  Dated  March  5,  1895. 
This  invention  relates  to  a  device  which  is 
applicable  for  the  propulsion  of  pumping  or 
other  machinery  or  lor  tbe  driving  of  a  vessel 
through  the  water.  It  consists  ol  a  swinging 
pendulum  suspended  wilhin  the  vessel  and 
mechanism  through  which  the  oscillations  of 
the  pendulum  are  communicated  to  drive  the 
propeller  or  other  machinery.  When  mounted 
upon  a  vessel,  the  pitchiug'and  rolling  of  the 
vessel  serves  to  move  the  peudulum,  and 
power  is  applied  from  the  pendulum  fulcrum 
shaft  through  pinions,  racks  and  gears,  with 
suitable  intermediate  pawl  aud  ratchet 
mechanism,  so  that  the  alternate  oscillations 
of  tbe  pendulum  are  transferred  to  produce 
continuous  rotary  motion  of  the  propeller  shaft 
or  other  machinery  in  one  direction. 

Prune  Pricker.— A.  L.  BancroFt,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.  No.  534,770.  Dated  Feb.  20,  1895, 
The  objivt  of  this  device  is  to  provide  an 
automatically  operating  mechanism  through 
which  the  prunes  pass  by  gravitatiuii  and 
alternately  fall  a  short  distance,  and  are  then 
arrested  upon  a  surface  provided  with  sharp 
perforating  points  so  that  the  impact  will  per- 
forate the  skins.  The  invention  consists  of 
an  inclined  chute  either  stationary  or  rotary, 
so  arranged  that  the  fruit  passes  from  it  by 
gravitation,  the  angle  at  which  the  chute  or 
cylinder  is  placed  regulating  the  speed  with 
which  the  fruit  passes  and  the  force  with 
which  it  strikes  the  projecting  points  which 
line  the  bottom  and  sides  of  the  tube  or 
chute.  If  a  tubular  carrier  is  employed  the 
fruit  may  be  lifted  by  suitable  arms  or  cleats, 
being  carried  part  way  up  the  sides,  and  then 
falling  by  gravitation  to  the  bottom  so  as  to 
insure  its  being  properly  perforated.  In  con- 
junction with  this  are  open  channels  or  bars 
between  which  any  dirt,  and  leaves  are  allowed 
to  escape,  and  tbe  various  sizes  of  fruit  may 
also  be  graded  by  similar  arrangement  of 
bars. 

Fruit  Grader. — Antonio  Cerruti,  S.  F.,  as- 
signor of  two-thirds  to  Foutana  &  Co.,  S.  F. 
No.  534,7S3.  Dated  Feb.  20,  1895.  This  ma- 
chine separates  the  fruit  according  to  size, 
and  it  consists  of  traveling  separated  carriers 
mounted  upon  end  supports  and  moving  in 
lines  which  diverge  from  one  end  to  the  other, 
one  of  said  carriers  moving  at  a  different  rate 
of  speed  from  that  of  the  other  carrier.  The 
carrier  consists  of  endless  traveling  bands  of 
suitable  material  aud  construction — in  prac- 
tice ropes  have  been  found  to  serve  the  pur- 
pose. The  end  supports  consist  of  suitable 
pulleys  and  the  carriers  travel  in  divergent 
paths  from  the  head  to  the  foot  of  the  ma- 
chine, so  that  the  space  between  them  gradu- 
ally widens  from  the  upper  to  the  lower  end. 
The  carriers  are  in  pairs,  and  there  may  be  as 
many  pairs  as  may  be  desired  for  any  suitable 
capacity.  Means  are  provided,  lying  in  the 
path  of  the  fruit,  for  temporarily  arresting 
the  movement  of  the  same,  whereby  its  posi- 
tion between  tbe  carriers  may  be  changed. 
These  means  consist  of  flexible  strips  which 
do  not  obstruct,  but  tend  to  momentarily 
arrest  the  fruit,  thereby  giving  the  carriers  a 
better  opportunity  to  turn  it  into  proper  posi- 
tion. 


A  DEVELOPED  GOLD  MINE  IN  PAY. 


A  WHOLE    OR   PART    OF    ONE-EIGHTH  IN- 
TEREST   (TREASURY   STOCK 
FOR  SALE. 


The  right  man  oflered  a  seat  in  the  Board  of 
Directors, 

Address  KENYON,  Box  H,  this  office. 


March  10,    13L*;">. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


175 


Coast   Industrial   Notes. 


li    is   e»1  hi  be  01  -vi  . 

i  Torn  la   is    worth   over  Wt000,000 
i  his  year. 

Oakland    Preserving   < lompany   will 
i-i  .i   meat-packlug  department,   which 
■  .«•  work  t<-  an  additional  "itHt  hands. 
A  handsome  catalogue  is  received  From  '  be 
Bay  City  Iron  Works,  Fremont    and    Mission 
streets,  who  are  making  a  special  i  j 
tectum!  ironwork. 

The  National  Iron  Works  have  tun  i 
for   i  tit-   A I  as  kit    hnprm  emenl  Co, 

i  launch,  wi1  h  a  30- 1 1 .  i ' 
-  qoi  'li  on  l  in'  bark  Han  i 
i  h<  ol    the    earnings   of    the 

Atlantic  &  Pacific  for  the  month  ol  J 

iven  out  bj  the  receivers,  shows  a  detleil 
Tins  is  a  pain  of  $08,654  over  thai  ol 
January,  I8M. 

—Subscriptions  continue   to   the  San  Fran- 
cisco und  San  Joaquin  Vallej    road.     Mayor 
generously  continues  to  assure  the  pro- 
I     thej   have  his  •'mural   support,"  what- 

6\  -■[■  thai  is. 

Chas.  C.  Moore,  for  several  years  secretary 
"i  (he  San  Francisco  Tool  Cm.,  has  succeeded 
bo  the  business  of  thai  defuncl  concern  ami 
will  continue  the  business  at  83  First  street. 
Mr.  Moore  is  an  experienced  nun  and  should 
do  '■'.  ell 

The  International  Telephone  and  Tele- 
graph Company  bus  been  ir  ranted  a  franchise 
i  and  maintain  a  line  from  Spokane, 
Wash.,  to  the  British  Columbia  mining  couu- 
try,  a  distance  of  over  200  miles.  Tbecom- 
capitalized  a1  $200,000  and  will  at  once 
begin  consl  ruction. 

At  the  annual  meetingof  the  Mechanics' 
te  the  new    Board  ol  Directors   organ- 
ized bj  elei'tii       '.-'  following  officers:    Pres- 
A.  S.  Hallidie;    vice-president,   George 
i  himmings;  corresponding  secretary,  Marsden 
i        recording    secretary,    Charles    E. 
Mooser;  Treasurer.  First  National  Bank.  The 
i  rair  w  ill  open  in  the  pavilion  i  n  the  13th 
of  August. 

Bonner  &  Hammond  of  Missoula,  Mont., 
\\  ho  have  contracted  with  the  citizens  of 
i  i.  Or.,  to  build  a  road  from  that  place 
to  Globe,  about  sixtj  miles,  will  soon  estab- 
lish headquarters  at  Astoria  and  beg-in  sur- 
veys for  the  tine.  It  is  stated  that  the  bonds 
of  the  company  htnebeeu  negotiated.  Work 
must  begin  by  the  first  of  next  month,  and 
the  road  is  to  be  completed  by  October,    1800. 

An  experimental  shipment  of  Pacific 
coast  wheat  from  Portland,  Or.,  to  Liverpool 
bj  was  of  Panama  has  been  undertaken  by 
P.  H.  Peavy  of  Minneapolis,    Minn.     Mail  ad- 

\  ires    from   I   "lmi    say    thai     a    trans-shipment 

ha-  been  effected  at  the  isthmus  without 
injury.  The  new  route  saves  a  long  voyage 
around  the  Horn.  It  was  a  question  whether 
the  wheat  would  not  be  spoiled  by  the  weather 
it  would  encounter  crossing  the  isthmus. 

k-  presental  ives  of  California  iron  indus- 
tries will  take  prominent  part  in  the  Manu- 
facturers' Convention  next  Tuesday.  Three 
papers  will  be  presented:  "Loyalty  Toward 
One  Another  and  Home  Industries,"'*'  Freight 
Rates,"  and  "Specialties  in  Manufacturing.'' 
Tin-  committee  to  draw  up  the  papers  consists 
ni  .lames  Spiers  of  the  Fulton  Iron  Works,  G. 
VV.  Dickie  of  the  Union,  Robert  S.  Moore  of 
the  Risdon,  J.  \V.  Kerr  of  the  Phcenix 
Foundry,  and  W.  P.  Sullivan  of  the  Pacific 
Rolling  Mills. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  Ta- 
coma  Smelting  and  Refining  Company  for 
February,  1895:  Number  of  men  employed, 
6&  Pay  roll.  $4,683.16;  woodehoppers  and 
teams,  8336;  total,  $5,010,16.  Produet— Bul- 
lion, 2000  bars  weighing  205,577  pounds  ;  copper 
matte  weighing  115,600  pounds.  Contents— 
1,186.81  ounces  gold  at  $30.67,  $34,631.86;  27.- 
089.05  ounces  silver  at  $.60,  $16,353.43;  229  532 
pounds  lead  at  $8,022  percwt.,  #),<M:iM4  ;  41,(180 
pounds  copper  at  $.092  per  pound,  $3,959.60;  to- 
tal, $51,687.73. 

The  "free  /.one"  ol'  Mexico  consists  of  a 
strip  of  land  twenty  kilometers  wide,  extend- 
ing along  the  northern  boundary  line  of  Mexi- 
co, from  the  Pacific  ocean  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexi- 

The  strip  is  about  12%  miles  in  extent 
and  probably  includes  all  the  cities  and  towns 
in  Mexico  situated  on  the  border  line,  the 
principal  ones  of  which  are  Nogales,  Juarez, 
Piedras  Negras,  Matamoras,  Nuevo  Laredo 
and  Tia  .luana,  Lower  California.  Merchan- 
dise exported  hence  has  never  been  absolutely 
tree  of  duty  in  what  is  termed  the  free  /.one, 
but  is,  and  has  been,  subject  to  duty  at  the 
rate  of  ten  per  cent  ad  valorem— a  rate,  how- 
ever, much  less  than  the  regular  Mexican 
duties. 

Tin-  check-raising  swiudle  on  the  Union 
Pacific  has  forced  the  company  tu  either  pay 
in  currency,  as  in  old  days,  or  else  adopt  a 
paper  that  is  chemical  proof.  The  company  is 
•onvinced  that  chemically  prepared  paper 
safeguards  against  this  class  of  swindles  is  a 
myth.  They  succeeded  in  finding  an  acid  that 
would  remove  the  best  Stanford  ink  from  the 
lace  of  checks,  at  the  same  time  not  even  de- 
stroying a  fiber  of  the  Underwood  chemical 
uaper  upon  which  the  checks  of  the  Union 
Pacific  are  printed.  The  checks  which  were 
aised  failed  to  show  a  single  erasure  mark, 
ind  the  amount  of  the  checks  in  figures  in  the 
ight-hand  corner,  as  well  as  the  written 
imoimt  in  the  body  of  the  check,  were  wiped 
>ut  as  completely  as  if  a  cloth  had  been  used 
n  removing  dust  from  a  table  top. 


Assessment  Notices. 


I  .  mioii      ,.1 

principal  place  uf   bua  si 

rornlii.    LocatI 
■  tits. 

.   ,   ■ '  ,     ■ 
...-.'.    i  nyol  Febi'Uu  r 

.  tatfssmcnt.  No.  2,  "f  hundred 

■  ■.  led  upon  in.'  « laplt.i  i  Stock 
it* Con*  .'  in  l  ultt  >i 

ild  I  loin  tu  ill-  ■--■-<■.  un-\.  :n  the  "in. 

"■'    m  "i ■!■!■.     »l  ret'l .  Sa  ii 

■■  i  'iilifomla. 
An-.  Btouk- upon  wliicli  i  in.-  u&HubBiuuni    Bhitll    m 
main  unpaid  on   iin-  2fllti  daj    ol  March.    18BS.   will 

.ii.  tumi  and  ;i'U  ''I'll  a<  i!  for  sale  til  public  atic- 

ilou;  aud  mt'iii    It    ni.ni      i  ■.  fi  ire,  will  be 

I  i  ■!■>!)  VY.  Hi-  Will  dm  ol  April,  l«*6,  to  paj 
M.|iu'iii  asaeUNineiil  luKftlier  with  cOBtH  of 
.ii-  and  pxpcnueH  ol  salt*.    Bj  order  ol  thi 

Board 'eutors. 

,i.  STADTFELD,  Ju..  Sei  i-etui 

Office     K i    6fo     Mi     No    SOU  Monlffomerj    Btreet, 

San  Pi  anclsi   i  I  lallfornla, 

CHALLENGE  CONSOLIDATE!!  MINING  COM- 
PANY. Location  ol  principal  place  "i  business. 
San  Frai  clsco.  i  ullfoi  uln     local I  workH,  Gold 

Nol  Ice   Lu   ii.i.  n>    gi\  i  ii.  iii;n  ai  a  tuuoLUifJ    >J  I  lie 

.    .    ■    mm  eciors   i"  Id  on  the  nineteenth  I LUI  It  ■  daj 

ol   February,   Iftlffi,   an  aauesBmenl   tNo.  W)  o(  Five 

Contu  (6o)   per  share  was  levied   noon  the  capital 

smrk   of    u orporatlou.  payable   In idtatelj   in 

United  States  sold  coin  to  the  Secretary,  al  LI tfiee 

..i  the  .' in;. .  l; i  85,  third  Hour  Mills  It g, 

corner   Gush  ami    MouiKomorjt    siret-tB,  San    Fran- 
■  Ii  eo  I  ■ rnla. 

Ana  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  ou  the  twenty-sixth  [20th)  day  ol 
March.  18H6.  will  i."1  delinquent  and  advertised  for 
Hale  at  public  auction,  and  unless  payment  is  made 
before,  will  be  solo  on  TUESDAY,  the  sixteenth 
(HUH)  da>  of  April,  istlfl,  to  pa>  the  delinquent 
assessment,  together  with  coat  ot  advertising  and 
expenses  ol  sale, 

B.v  order  ol  the  Board  of  Directors. 

C,  i..  McCOY.  Secretary . 

Office    Etooni  -■■"'  third  Hoor.  MIUb  B Mug, i  r 

itusii  ami  Montgomery  streets.  San  Francisco,  Call- 

I..UI1.I. 


BOOTH  GOLD  MINING  COMPANY.  Location  Of 
prhiclpal  piaei-  ol  buulnesa.  San  Francisco,  Caltfor- 
ii la.  Location  of  works.  Auburn.  Placer  county, 
California, 

Notice  la  herobi  grlveu.  thai  at  ; eling  of  the 

Board  ol  Directors,  held  on  the  eighteenth  day  or 
February,  1HH5.  an  aaaesHnient  <  nt<>.  51  ol  Two  (.2c) 
cents  per  share  was  Levied  up*dn  the  capital  slock 
of  the  corporation,  payable  Immediately  In  United 
Statea  gold  coin,  10  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the 
company.  No.  itlti  Pine  street.  Room  No.  in,  San 
Francisco,  Cat. 

Any  stock  upon  w  hlch  iiii1-.  asaeasmont  shall  re 
main  unpaid  on  tlie  iwenty-tlfih  day  of  March.  181)5, 
w  Hi  be  dellnum  nt,  and  advertised  for  Bale  at  public 
auct  Ion;  and  anleas  paymeni  La  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  seventeenth  day  of 
April,  I89fl,  to  pay  the  deUntiuent  aaseBsmont,  to- 
gether wlili  costs  el'  advertising  and  expenai  a  or 
sale.    K\  order  ol  the  Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  k.  SPINNEY,  Secretary, 

Office  No. . ill)  Pine  st  reel,  Uuom  No.  2?!.  San  Fra-n- 
clsco.  California. 


IOWA  BHNiNc  COMPANY— Location  of  princi- 
pal place  of  bunlneas,  san  Francisco  California. 
Location  of  wui-hm.  Virginia  City,  Nevada. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  ilial  at  "a  uieutTug  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  ihii  day  of  March. 
18U5.  an  aaaesstu.  m.  iNp.-ih  uf  Five  Cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  ul'  the  corpora- 
tion,    payable    in -diai.-ly    in    United    Stales    gold 

coin  to  t  he  Secretary.. at  (In-  office  of  theeoiupauv. 
Room  2,  ilti  California  Street.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  slock  ii| which  tills  aaaesenienl  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  iiic  utli  day  of  April,  isfla.  will 
be  deliiiiiueni  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and   unless  payment   la  made  before,  win  be 

sulci  mii  SATURDAY,  the  r.lh  day  uf  Apt  11,  ISllfl, 
lu  pa,\  the  doliiuiueui  asaeasinent,  togetlu'i-  with 
the  cosia  ol  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Boar Directors. 

K.  L.  THOMAS.  Secretary. 
Office    Room  •I.  41'.)  California  Street.  San  Francisco. 

California. 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 


INYO  MARBLE  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA. 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Location  Of  works,  Inyo,  luyo 
i  louill  v.  i  'alil'ornia. 

NOTICE.— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing, described  stock  on  account  of  Assessment 
No.  26.  levied  on  the  :Jlsi  day  of  January,  1805,  the 
several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
spective shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name.  Certificate.  Shares.    Ami. 

M.  J.  McDonald,  Trustee.  294        5,000      $500  no 

M.  .1.  McDonald      458  350         25  1)0 

G.  P.  Rixford,  Trustee 145       i,iwo       [00  00 

G.  W.  Luce,  Trustee 882         31?         8170 

Alex.  McLaughlin ..,     802  200  -JU  (Hi 

Alex.  McLaughlin,  Trustee.      360  122         12  2ti 

Alex.  McLaughlin 414  200  -1)00 

W.  D.  Mansfield,  Trustee....    43«  131         13  iu 

Geo.Dillman 42n         ago        us  no 

F.  J.  Sanders 384  i>8  Si  80 

F.J.  Sanders 385  35  3  50 

K.  P.  Uasmussen 415  1(H)  111  ihi 

R.  P.  Rasmusseu   411)  31  3  lit 

Louis  Vesaria,  Trustee...         308       1,000       UN)  00 

Louis  Vesaria,  Trustee 346         307        30  70 

Israel  Luce.  Trustee   ....  307         1.000        100  00 

A.  F.  Th"an§,  Trustee 447  500         50  00 

Ohas.  E.  Anderson 456  500         50  no 

('has.  E.  Anderson,  Trustee..  463  12,165  1,216  50 
W.  W.  Sargeaut,  Trustee.  .  Wi  1,250  125  00 
W.  W.  Sargeunt,  Trustee  .  485  i,iiik)  jixj  do 
W.  W.  Sargeaut,  Trustee. ...     488  745  74  50 

W.  W.  Sargeant.  Trustee....    505       i.ihjd       100  00 

W.  W  Sargeaut,  Trustee 514  500        50  00 

W.  W.  Sargeaut,  Trustee 516         600        m  00 

W.  W.  Sargeant,  Trustee.  518         1,000         loo  U) 

Jos.  Rosenthal 4KI  5  50 

H.  H.  Noble,  Trustee 523        4.000        400  00 

H.H.Noble 524  100  10  00 

Mrs.  Hattie  C.  Baggs 305         GOO        tin  00 

Mrs.  Hattie  C.  Baggs 306  379         37  90 

Mrs.  Hattie  C.  Baggs 317         301         3010 

And  iu  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  21st  day  of  Janu- 
ary, 1885,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such 
slock  as  may  be  necessary  will  be  sold  at  public- 
auction  at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  13, 
Third  Flom\  Mills  Building,  Sau  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia, on  FRIDAY,  the  5th  day  of  April,  1805.  at 
the  hour  of  one  o'clock  P.  M,  of  said  day,  to  pay  de- 
linquent assessments  thereon  together  with  cost 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

W.  W.  SARGEANT,  Secretary. 
Office— Room  13,  Third   Floor,    Mills  Building,  San 

Francisco.  California. 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 


»1     ■■':     ftTON     LAND    AND    IMPROVEMENT 

- 

iii  tin-  con  11  lies  ol  A 1  ami  du  and  Santa  Clara,  Call- 
■ 

\i  iTn  :k.— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
on  aocount  ol    assessment 
■  a  llie  23d  day  of  January,  1895,  the 
us  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
shareholders,  as  follow  a ; 

Nil  \<i 

Name  Certificate    Snores     \un 

.■■.;         00      (as  ou 

1  iiaiirs  L    Benton —  509  1 00  13  50 

Mrs.  Kll.-n    Dtt'.VCr  I'.'l  |Ul  1^  50 

Edward  Vox  -V.'i  k»i  .so  m 

Mrs    I31mn  fl  ov«  r  118  00  ?  50 

Jnnex  Howes,  Trustee  ISO  1,200  150  mi 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee  ..,     .     is;  667  «i  :is 

Jubei!  Howos   Trustee  mi  500  63  50 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee  ll»5  500  ''.-J  50 

Jabe/  Howes,  Trustee  512  50  ■"■  25 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee.  588  125  15  62 

Jahez  Howes,  Trustee  580  175  21  88 

Patrick  Holland  ,      137  50  tl  25 

D,  E.  Hayes  156  in  5  no 

D.  E   Hayes.                       ....     100  i.out  125  00 

D,  M.  Hinckl' y  191  UKHi  125  tm 

a.  Kappenman 2-ih  too  50  on 

Mrs.  Annie  A.  Prltchard  120  50  6  25 

Mrs    Annie  A.  Prilchard  122  KKI  12  5U 

H.  \\    Qultzow,                       .  i-isi  iixi  i^'  50 

H.  W.Quitzow V.Mi  M k i  12  50 

TL  VV,  Qultzow 131  hhi  12  50 

II.  W     QultZOW                      132  2h  'A  12 

H.W.Quil/ow .    ,    .,  133  25  313 

II.  \\  .  QUilzow.  131  25  3  12 

H.  W.Quitzow..  185  50  ft  25 

Mrs.  Catherine  Riminton....  216  20  2  50 

James  Spiers  ins         i.nm        125  1)0 

Mrs.  Faunie  L.  TValler    .  no  50  ri  25 

E.L.Wagner.  227        i.ono       125  00 

L.  P.  F.  Waller  525         220        2?  50 

L.  P.  !■'.  Waller  530  UK)  12  50 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  aud  an  order  ol  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  22d  da,\  ot  Janu- 
ary, 1805,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  ^\  such 
stock  as  may  be  necessary  will  be  sold  at  public 
auction,  at  the  office  of  the  Company,  No.  214  Pine 
street,  ou  THURSDAY,  the  2lst  day  of  March. 
1895,  at  the  hour  of  Z  o'oloek  p.  m.  of  said  day,  to 
pay  said  1  telinqueul  Assessment  thereon,  together 
with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

JABEZ  HOWES,  Secretary. 
t  ifflce— 2M  Pine  street,  Room  No.  5,  San  Francisco, 

California. 


Nt  >TH  !K  OF  P(  iS'I'l  't  )N  EMENT, 
lu  accordance  wiih  an  order  of  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  Dumbarton  Land  and  improve- 
ment -Company,  adopted  at  a  regular  meeting, 
held  on  the  26th  day  or  February.  1895,  the  day  of 
sale  for  unpaid  Assessment  No.  7  is  postponed  to 
THURSDAY,  March  28th,  IK95,  at  -J  p.  m. 

JAIJEZ  HOWES,  Secretary. 
Ofllce— 2H   Pine  street,    Room   55,    San   Francisco, 
California. 

DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 

REED  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY.— Lo- 
cation of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran- 
cisco,  California;  location  of  works,  Ferguson  Min- 
ing District,  iielene,  Lincoln  county,  Nevada. 

NOTICE.— There  an- delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing described  stock,  on  account  of  assessment  No. 
I,  levied"  on  iiie  aisl  day  of  December,  1894,  the 
several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
spective shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name.  Certificate.  Shares.  Amt. 

.1.  II.  I  sham.  Trustee 6  501)        $10  00 

.].  H.  lshniu.  Trustee     7        2,500  50  I'll 

J.  H.  lsham,  Trustee 8  50  1  no 

.1.  H.  lsham.  Truslec S)  50  I  00 

J.  H.  Ishatu,  Trustee H      33,400        088  00 

J.  H,  lsham,  Trustee 13      73,000     1,4fi0  iHi 

J.  H.  lsham,  Trustee is     75.000     1,500  ihi 

Geo.  G.  Reed 15      tii.y.57       257  14 

Geo.G.Reed 17       2,143        4^86 

Aud  iu  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the 
Hoard  of  Directors,  made  on  the  31st  day  of  Decem- 
ber, 18SU,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such 
stock  as  may  be  necessary,  will  be  sold  at  public 
auction,  ai  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  33, 
Tenth  Floor.  Mills  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia, on  WEDNESDAY,  the  third  \M)  day  of 
April,  1895,  at  the  hour  of  II  o'clock  a.m.  ol  said 
day.  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assessment  thereon, 
together  with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
the  sale,  ,T.  H.  ISHAM,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  33,  Tenth  Floor,  Mills  Building, 
San  Francisco,  California. 


UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

SAC  ISAM  UNTO CALIFORNIA. 


** PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 
Dredgers, 

Shovels. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<S> 

— Manufacturers  of — 
STEAH    ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  ult  kinds  of 
♦    +     MACHINERY  FOR   MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  up  aud  Repaired. 

FRONT    STREET,  Bet.  IN  <fcO., 

SACRAMENTO,  CA.L. 


Complete    "  Lancaster"    Gold    Amalgamating 

Concent  rating   and   Bolsting   plants  rumished  for 

Quantities    0     low    gradt     plaoei 

ground   ai  u  small  uosi    n  lih  minimum  supply  ol 

water  or  compresRed  air. 

Highest  possible  (iold  yield   Insured. 

Outfits   Include  "  Lancaster M  1895  Land  of  ftlvi 

Dredges,  Grapples,    Scoops    steam    Shovels   and 

Cableways    of   the  mosl     approved    construction 

Success  guaranteed,      Capacity,  one  hundred  tons' 

hourly  and   upward,   if  required. 

Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 

machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

30  CORTLANUT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 

THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  New  York. 

CYANIDE 

-OF- 

POTASSlUn, 

Ferricyanide  of  Polassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Milting  Purposes. 


Trade  Murk. 


HENDRIE& 


Mrti.ca 

DENVER 


MINING, 
MILLING 

-SMELTING 

SUPPLIES' 


Practical  Hydraulics. 

A  (took  lor  Civil   Engineers,  Miners,  Mlll- 

iiKii.    Hydiiiiilieiiins,   Mining  Kn- 

gineors  and   Irrigators. 

By  P.  M.  Randall. 

Tints  work  is  by  one  of  llie  most  oxpwieneeil 
hydniuliclansof  tbecmiiitry.  It  iibonuUswitu  ubh- 
ful  tables  for  re:irly  reference,  in  which  the  neBUlta 
Of  iii'simst-  en  le  ilia  I  ion  9  are  nil  placet!  In  a  i'oi-hi  ao 

that  1 can  find  wluii  he  wants  in  a  momeiii.    Yov 

the  engineer  Ihe  itriiiciples.  lonuul.c  coefficients. 
eie..  arc  Kiveu:  and  for  thoMe  nut  familiar  with 
burlier  niaiheuiattcB.  cxumplea.  rules  and  tableB  are 
prepared.  Tims  iiie  needs  or  the  sciential  and  ihe 
practical  ininer  or  mlllman  are  each  met.  It  Is  iiie 
moat  complete  work  on  tlie  aubjeci  yel  iiublished. 
and  is  BpDciall,v  applicable  to  the  Pacific  Coaat. 


TA 


OXTBXTS. 


The  following  brief  abstract  or  the  conteuta  will 
grive  ;in  idea  of  the  branehea  of  tin-  arrbject  treated  ■ 

General    Plan:    Discussion    of    Ihe    Principles    of 
Hydraulics:    ltuies    Deduced    from    Formula   Ob- 
tained:    Examplea     and    Calculations:    Extensive 
Tables  for  Ready  Reference:  Fundamental  Laws  ol 
Hydraulics  Demon  a  t  rated  and   Expressed   In   For- 
mulae aud   Kmes:  Flow  or  Water  Througti  Open- 
I  Iiiftb;    Weir  Coefficients:    Triangular  Weirs;  Flow 
!  of  Water  over  Quadrant  Weir  (tabulated):  Appliea- 
|  Uon  of  Tables:  Subinei'ged  OrifiCea;  Flow  Through 
1  Orifices   in   Tliin    Partitions:   Tallies  and    Appllca- 
I  lions;    Miners"  Inches:    Tables  and    Calculations: 
Flow  of  "Water  Through  Short  Tubes  and  Compound 
Tubes:  Flow  of  Water  Through   Pipes:  Tables  01 
1  Velocities  aud  Cubic  Feet  Flows  fo>' Given  Pall  per 
'  Mile  and  Diameter  of  Pipe:    Coefficient    tor  Bend 
I  circular  and  Angular:  Flow  TUrough  Nozzles:  In 
:   verted  Siphons;  Flow  of  Water  in   Open   Channels. 
I   Extensive  Tables:   Rough  and  Ready  Notes;  Hints 
:  fur  Speedy  and  Approximate  Estimates,  etc. 

Pi-ice.S3.00.  postpaid.     Sold  byTHE  MINING  AND 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  2'JU  Market  St..    San  Francisco 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Okl  l'liiltf:- 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rules.    Five  thousand  orders  tilled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

053  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON, Proprietor 

■Rvhtv  description  of  work  plated.     S^nd  Tor  Otrowlft1'. 


niNE  m  BELL  •  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force   in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 


LEGAL    SIZE.    12  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  HELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
the-Voorhies  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March  8,  1893.    The  law  is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  of  Mine  Bell  Signals  tu  Be  Used  in  All  Mines  Operated  in  the 
tate  of  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Miners."    We  can  furnish  theae  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  cloth  so  as  iu  withstand  dampness,  for  60  cents  a  copy.     MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  '320  Market 
jtreet,  San  Francisco,  (Jal, 


176 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  16,  1895. 


Frue   Ore   Concentrator. 


4000     IIN     ACTUAL     USE. 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


For  any  information,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 


Price  of  4-foot  wide  Plain  Jb'rue  Vanner 

"           "           "        Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner. . 
t        6-foot     "       Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner 


S500, 
.  600, 
..     600, 


GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY,  FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.  I 

C.  J.  Clark,  M.  E.,  Gen'l,  Supl.  Dec.  12.  1891.     \ 

MESSRS.  ADAMS  &  CARTER.  San  Francisco.  Cal.— Dear  Sihs:    During:  my  experience  in 

mining-  and  milling:,  I  have  used  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  on  different 

kinds  of  ore,  both  gold  and  silver.    I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  with  other 

widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Frue  in  first  place.    When  I 

hullt  this  mill  (20  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  in  order  to  save  apace  and 

machinery.    I  am  now  running  four  of.  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 

■,=^      (Successor    to    Adams  &  Carter,)   Twelvemonths.    They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stampB.  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 

tons  per  day.  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.    Thev  require  no  more  attention 

than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.    I  have  run  them  up  to 

80  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.    They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as 

PDTir      ATir      /inn/imTnm  I  mnn     tbe  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  bearings  and 

rilUCj      UKCj       uUJNbijIwilAlUn,    wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil,  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 

'   My  repair  account  for  the  paBt  six  months  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.    In  order  to 

give  an  Idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing  here,  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 

from  $5  to  $20  per  ton  arid  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  00  cts.  per  ton.    I  will  conclude  by 

saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  It  Is  the  onlv  table 

that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.  C.  J.  CLARK,  Gen'l  Supt. 


f.  o.  b. 
f.  o.  b. 
f.  o.  b. 


AGENT  FOR  THE 


13.2  ;v\/\reK.ET  ST., 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Addressi     "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 

-s^sss^riANUFACTURERS    OF^sz^* 

Johnston's  Concentrator,      ^[y^J^\^ 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  Air  Compressors, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 


******  THE     PRICES  ****** 

Ingcrsoll-Sargcant  2L  Drills  and  Compressors 

HAVE     BEEN     REDUCED. 

^-^aaoBS^^  SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  AND  ESTIMATE  TO  <SSSlm. ' 

PARKE  &   LACY  CO.,   Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

;21    and    ;23     Fremont    Street,    San    Francisco,    Cal. 


Uinion   Iron  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-lYlflNUFACTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 


Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  ^, 


High-Speed  Engines, 


Hoisting  Engines, 


Quartz   /V\i!ls, 


Manty  Chili  TWIlls,  Rf  nrs  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  lA/ater  lA/heel, 

PUMPS-Cornlsh  and     £>:her,        Cof3f>&r  and  Lead   Furnaces,        Mil  Classes  of  Marine  U/ork. 

^■=8ZZ^>SHIP  BUILDERS.       &    BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^ss^ 

NEW  YORK     „.  rlCE:     I  4  S    B  ROrt  D\A/rt  "V. 


-    ^ 


p£ 


CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION. 


dOTICE   TO   GOLD   MINERS! 


Justinian  Calre,A1^t 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates   »^«»^^ft-^ 

1-'  E  A  I.  ER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ** 
Mining  riaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

^   HiiTTrrrr"";^*-  Incorporated.  "^SfiMffista—^ 

w  send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.     Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■— ■   £VT   REDUCED   PRICES,  t— ■ 

plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works  BATTERY 


. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOMX1K    LXX. 

Number  la. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  23,  1895. 


THREE    DOLLARS    l'ER    ANNUM. 
Single  Copies.  Ten  Cents. 


Wind  Pressure  on  Buildings. 


A  number  of  instructive  experiments  on  the  effects 
of  wind  pressure  upon  buildings  and  other  structures 
have  been  made  by  Prof.  Kernot.  and  communicated 
by  him  in  a  paper  read  lately  before  the  Australasian 
Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Science.  Wind 
for  the  experiments  was  obtained  from  a  fan  of 
special  design  that  gave  a  practically  uniform  pres- 
sure over  a  considerable  area.  The  effect  of  vertical 
walls  on  the  pressure  exerted  by  wind  upon  the  roofs 
surmounting  them  was  plainly  indicated.  A  roof 
slanting  60°  experienced  a  reduction  of  two-fifths  in 


shares.  A  leading  mining  paper  has  a  column  of 
mines  advertised.  One  mine  is  stocked  at  2,500,000 
shares,  and  each  share  is  quoted  at  £110  offered  and 
£112  asked.  When  $550  a  share  is  asked  (and  prob- 
ably paid)  for  2,500,000  shares  of  stock  in  a  mine,  it 
looks  as  though  the  stock  gambler  and  his  victim 
had  at  last  met. 


The  diminished  gold  yield  of  January  in  the  Wit- 
watersrand,  South  Africa,  district,  is  locally  ac- 
counted for  by  the  statement  that  the  "imported 
cyanide  contains  alkaline  sulphides,"  which  absorb 
the  oxygen  from  the  water,  and  lessens  the  power  of 


The  Dayton,  Nev.,   Dredger. 


So  much  interest  has  been  manifested  in  the  illus- 
trated account  of  the  operations  of  the  Carson  River 
Placer  Mining  and  Dredging  Co.,  at  Dayton, 
Nevada,  in  the  issue  of  February  16th,  '95,  that  we 
have  had  our  engravers  prepare  another  illustration 
of  the  barge,  screen  and  machinery  of  the  company 
in  operation. 

The  accompanying  engraving,  like  the  previous 
one  referred  to,  is  reproduced  from  a  photograph 
of  the  plant  at  Dayton,  and  gives  a  very  good 
idea  of  the  machinery  that,  after  years  of  costly  ex- 


BARGE    AND    SCREENING    MACHINERY    OP    THE    CARSON    RIVER    PLACER    MINING    AND    DREDGING     COMPANY,     AT    DAYTON,     NEVADA. 


the  pressure  it  sustained  when  a  vertical  wall  ex- 
posed to  the  same  air  current  was  below  it.  A  roof 
slanting  45°  lost  four-fifths,  and  one  slanting  30° 
showed  no  pressure.  The  cause  of  this  is  that  when 
the  side  of  a  house  is  struck  by  a  current  of  air  trav- 
eling at  right  angles  to  its  surface  the  motion  is 
turned  into  an  upward  one,  and  the  air  slides  off  the 
wall  in  a  vertical  direction  with  such  force  that  it 
wholly  or  partly  takes  with  it  the  upper  horizontal 
current  that  would  otherwise  strike  the  roof.  A 
parapet  still  further  protects  the  roof  from  the  ef- 
fects of  wind,  carrying  the  oncoming  air  higher  still. 


When  the  old  California  shares,  108,000  in  number, 
were  divided  into  540,000  shares,  and  each  share  sold 
at  $250,  people  thought  that  was  a  "fancy  price" 
for  mining  shares.  But  all  that  is  now  exceeded  in 
the  present  London  price  of  South   African  mining 


solution.  Any  kind  of  sulphides  would  have  a  re- 
tarding influence,  but  if  the  present  inflation  in  min- 
ing stock  shares  is  not  to  be  punctured,  a  more 
plausible  reason  for  the  falling  off  in  the  gold  yield 
there  must  be  given  the  mining  public. 


The  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  Co.  have  cut  down 
their  annual  expenses  nearly  $750,000.  The  Austra- 
lian Mining  Standard  is  authority  for  the  statement 
that  "  the  average  cost  per  ton  of  ore  treated  has 
now  been  reduced  from  £6  15s  4d  to  £2  3s  7d." 
There  is  probably  some  mistake  in  these  figures. 


It  is  to  be  borne  iu  mind  that  mere  naked  posses- 
sion, work  and  occupation  of  a  mining  claim  without 
complying  with  location  laws  will  not  hold  as  against 
subsequent  locators  of  the  same  ground  who  do  com- 
ply with  those  laws. 


periment,    is   now   expected  to  add  many  millions  to 
the  solid  wealth  of  the  world. 


A  new  astronomical  observatory  is  to  be  erected 
on  Mt.  Lowe,  southern  California,  at  an  altitude  of 
3500  feet.  It  will  have  a  refracting  telescope  with 
sixteen  inches  aperature,  presented  to  the  director, 
Dr.  Lewis  Swift,  by  the  people  of  Rochester,  N.  Y., 
who  came  to  know  him  through  the  Warner  observa- 
tory in  that  city.  Dr.  Swift  will  also  have  a  thirty- 
seven-inch  reflector,  but,  as  that  class  of  telescopes 
yields  only  about  five-eighths  the  light  obtained  from 
a  refractor,  it  will  be  inferior  to  the  big  Lick  glass 
at  Mt.  Hamilton. 


The  stone  for  the  mammoth  arch  in  the  Parrott 
building,  on  Market  street,  this  city,  is  quarried 
from  the  Pioneer  quarry,  near  Corvallis,  Or.  The  arch 
is  over  fifty   feet  across. 


17: 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ESTABLISHED 

Oldest  Mining  Journal  on  the  Aim 


13«50. 

rii-.oi  Continent. 


F      l/,  San 


Subscription $3  W 

ieags  Jfflce  OHAS.  D.  SPALDIXG.  Sii.  I&l  La  Salle  5k 


Entered  at  the  s.  F.  PostofG  -  as  sec  >ud-class  mail  mailer. 

Our  latest  form*  <j<>  la  press  >>n  Thursday  evening. 

-I.  r.  HALLOItAX General  Manager 

San  Francisco,  March  23,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTESTS. 


exists  in  any  'department  of  business.  There  is  a 
certain  and  uncertain  amount  of  distrust  arising 
largely  from  hazy  ideas  that  all  mining  partakes, 
necessarily,  of  a  gamble,  and  that  it  is  not,  as  "  sure  " 
as-  other  business  ventures..  Memories  of  sharp 
practice  in  some  mining  companies,  or  of  extrav- 
agant management  in  others,  have  much  to  do 
with  those  notions.  With  such  matters  legitimate 
mining  has  nothing  to  do.  Such  things  are  insep- 
erable  from  any  and  all  lines  of  business  or  invest- 
ment. In  no  other  business  has  science,  economy 
and  improvement  made  profit  more  possible,  and  in 
no  other  pursuit  are  there  greater  probabilities  of 
reward  for  the  judicious  employment  of  capital. 


An   Important  Decision. 


1 LLUSTRATIOX  S  —Barge  and  Screening  Machinery  of  the  Carson 
River  Placer  Mining  and  Dredging  Company,  at  Dayton.  Xew. 
it: :  Tee  He-  .  r-Xort  -  m  Concentrator.  183. 

EDITORIALS— Wind  Pressure  on  Buildings;  The  Dayton.  Xew. 
Dredger;  Miscellaneous.  177.  An  Important  Decision:  Miscella- 
neous, 17?. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS— Water:  An  Important  Event  :  1900  Xol 
a  Leap  Year.  lsi. 

MECHAXMCAL  PROGRESS— Fire  Tube  and  Water  Tube  Boilers; 
Iron  Cheaper  in  the  United  States  Than  England:  Photograph? 
Under  The  Se:.    IS* 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS —Electric  Lighting  in  Mexico:  Elec- 
tric Life  Buo\^:  Electric  Light  Photography:  The  Medical  Elec- 
trician, 188: 

MLXLXG  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  ..  California. 
Nevadaand  Other  Pacific  \  list  States  and  Territories,  lscv-s:. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets:  Coal  and 
Cote;  Mining  Share  Market :  Sales  in  San  Francises  Stocs 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments  ;  Di  i  id  ;nds,  etc  .  lw. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— How  to  Stimulate  the  Iron   Industries     r  San 
Francisco:  Concentrates.   17y.    The  Greatest   Ore  Field:  : 
Mineral  Output  for 'sq.  tsti.    Characteristic  Features    I  rr  a 

3old-Quart2  Veins.  181.  Labor  as  a  Factor  in  Manufacturing: 
Utilization  of  Water  Power;  Personal;  Books  Received.  185.  The 
Hendy-Norbom  Concentrator;  Ore  Sorting  in  Colorado;  Quartz  vs. 
Placer,  lsl.  Wire  Silver  Produced  by  Artificial  Means:  M 
Value  of  Hands  and  Finders.  Advice  to  Young  Engineers  and  In- 
ventors. iSa.  The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons,  IS9.  Recent  Pa  aits 
:       Coast  Industrial  Notes,  191. 


Railway  companies'  reports  are  to  the  effect  that 
few  if  am'  paid  dividends  in  '94,  .and  the  outlook  is 
none  too  eucouraging  in  '95.  Tis  different  in  the 
mining  world.  The  mining  dividends  in  the  country 
in  94  outweighed  in  the  aggregate  the  railway  divi- 
dends, which  is  not  so  much  of  an  anomaly  as  it 
might  appear  to  be  at  first  glance. 


The  Govenor  has  signed  the  bill  ameuding  Section 
527  of  the  Code  of  Civil  Procedure  by  adding:  "  Xo 
injunction  granted  prior  to  the  actual  trial  of  the 
cause  wherein  it  is  granted  shall   continue   in   force 

for  a  longer  period  than  twelve  months  from  the  time        In  no  other  branch  of  mining  has  so  little  improve- 
such  injunction  was  granted,  except    by   consent   of    ment  been  made  upon  original   methods   as   in  drift 


Ix  this  issue  appear  in  their  entirety  three  papers 
read  by  practical,  experienced  men  at  the  Manu- 
facturers' Convention,  now  in  session  in  this  city. 
They  well  illustrate  the  tenor  and  purpose  of  the 
meeting,  and  the  consciousness  of  their  truth  is  the 
best  reason  for  (he  occasion  that  elicits  such  utter- 
ances. The  remarks  of  Messrs.  Scott.  Spiers. 
Moore.  Drayton.  Hallidie  and  others  are  to  the 
point,  and  the  requirements  of  the  day  are  fully 
recognized.  One  of  the  strongest  points  is  made  by 
Mr.  Spiers,  where  he  states  that  labor  is  the  chief 
factor  of  cost,  and  that  transportation  is  but  a  part 
of  labor  cost.  And  Mr.  Moore  tersely  outlines  "  the 
need  for  co-operation  in  behalf  of  the  common  good,'' 
and  "  that  the  maxim  of  '  every  one  for  himself  and 
the  devil  take  the  hindmost  '  is  not  good  business 
policy."  Our  interests  are  so  bound  up  together 
that  only  in  taking  the  largest  and  broadest  views 
of  these  matters  can  the  best  permanent  results  be 
secured.  Then.  too.  as  Mr.  Moore  says,  we  are  on 
the  threshold  of  a  new  era.  and  only  by  recognizing 
the  changed  condition  ..f  affairs  can  present  unto- 
ward circumstances  be  overcome.  That  these  things 
are  plainly  stated  in  the  Manufacturers'  Convention 
i<  good  evidence  of  the  practical  benefit  that  can 
.  -"  .  be  expected  to  result.  The  problem  is  a  wide 
one.  into  which  State  pride  and  sentiment  do  no! 
enter  as  largelv  as  State  interest  and  necessity. 


The  United  States  Court  of  Appeals  at  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  has  made  a  decision  in  the  case  of  the 
Enterprise  Mining  Co.  vs.  The  Rico-Aspen  Con.  M. 
Co..  of  Colorado,  that  reverses  a  former  decision  on 
tunnels  and  tunnel  rights.  In  the  decision,  which 
since  its  promulgation  was  held  to  be  sound  law, 
tunnel  owners  had  only  250  feet  either  side  of  the 
line  of  the  tunnel.  Last  week's  decision  reverses 
this,  giving  tunuel  locators  1500  feet  hi  any  direction 
from  the  line  of  the  tunnel.  The  Court  says:  ''From 
the  time  of  location  and  commencement  of  his  tun- 
nel, under  Section  4  of  Act  10.  1S72  (Section  232::. 
Revised  Statutes),  the  owner  has  the  inchoate  right 
to  possession  of  every  blind  vein  or  lode  within  3000 
feet  from  the  face  of  such  tunnel  on  the  line  thereof 
that  was  not  known  to  exist  when  the  tunnel  was 
located  and  commenced,  contingent  ouly  on  the  dili- 
gent prosecution  of  the  work  on  the  tunnel  and  sub- 
sequent discovery  of  the  vein  or  lode  therein.'' 

This  is  a  final  decision:  no  appeal  lies  to  the 
United  States  Supreme  Court,  and  is  one  of  the 
most  important  mining  law  decisions  in  years,  as  it 
definitely  decides  the  rights  of  mining  tunnel  locators. 
In  '79  the  Group  Tunnel  site  was  located,  and  for 
several  years  excavation  was  prosecuted.  Subse- 
quently the  Vestal  Lode  mining  claim  was  located, 
based  upon  the  discovery  of  a  vein  at  the  surface 
running  parallel  with  the  Group  tunnel,  and  about 
200  feet  from  the   tunnel   line.     It  will  be  noticed  in 


the  parties,  or  unless  the  cause  be  set  for  trial 
its  merits. 


upon 


"For  Private  Circulation  Only. "  the  Journal  of  a 
London  Scientific  and  Literary  Society,  is  received, 
in  which,  through  thirty  nicely  printed  pages,  are 
argued  reasons  for  its  existence.  Information  is 
also  vouchsafed  us  that  in  our  particular  case  the 
usual  requirements  as  to  reference,  educational 
qualifications,  etc.,  will  be  waived,  and  merely  on 
the  receipt  of  fifty  dollars,  we  will  be  enrolled  as  a 
"  Fellow.''  and  become  the  possessor  of  a  handsome 
silver  badge  "about  the  size  of  an  American  s2o 
piece,  artistically  executed,  with  name,  and  laurel . 
wreath  of  merit.  "  Isn't  there  some  other  society  in 
London  that  essays  to  protect  guileless  Americans 
from  such  scientific  distinction'.'  There  certainly 
ought  to  be. 


gravel  mining.  In  a  few  instance;  machinery  is  be- 
ing used  to  cheapen  and  expedite  the  extraction  of 
gold-bearing  gravel,  but  the  general  manner  of 
working  is  substantially  the  same  as  years  ago.  In 
later  days  the  tunnel  is  larger  and  less  siuuous  and 
the  timbering  more  substantial.  Posts  from  10  to 
2-t  inches  in  diameter  are  used:  caps  from  twelve 
inches  upward.  The  old  Square  tunnel  is  no  longer 
used,  the  general  dimensions  being  in  the  main  tun- 
nels seven  feet  on  the  bottom,  6'  to  7  feet  high  and 
3J  feet  at    the   top  in   the 


the  diagram  thai  the  Vestal  did  not  cross  the  uninel 
line,  and  also,  that  any  veins  discovered  in  the 
Group  tunnel  would  necessarily  cross  the  Vestal 
Lode  claim.  A  United  States  patent  was  issued  to 
the  latter.  The  Enterprise  Mining  Co.  acquired 
title  to  the  Group  tunnel  in  "90;  in  '92  an  ore  vein 
was  cut  in  the  tunnel;  by  drifting  it  was  found  to 
cross  the  patented  Vestal  location,  which  had  passed 
into  the  possession  of  the  Rico-Aspen  Co. 

The  Enterprise  Company  were  extracting  ore 
from  the  Jumbo  Xo.  2  vein,  within  the  lines  of  the 
Vestal  claim,  while  the  Rico-Aspen  Co.  were 
running  a  drift  from  a  shaft  on  its  Vestal  claim  so  as 
to  reach  Jumbo  Xo.  2.  Conflict  in  the  mine  resulted 
'  in  litigation;  suit  was  instituted  by  the  Rico-Aspen 
clear.     The   posts   thus    Co      anJ    an    ;njUHCti011    obtained    preventing    the 


placed  prevent  that  rapid  crowding  in  at  the  bottom     Elitej.ppise  Co.  from  continuing  the  removal  of  ore. 
when   set   perpendicularly   in    soft    ground.        The  Circuit  Court  «ave  a  decree  to  the  effect  that 
s   used   considerably,    varying    rhe    Rico_  Aspen    Co.     was    -entitled    to    all    that 


The  increased  demand  for  mining  machinery  in- 
cludes inquiry  for  gold  stamp  mills.  The  common 
aud  usual  arrangement  is  five  in  a  battery,  millmen 
generally  considering  that  an  odd  number  best  in- 
duces an  even  distribution  of  pul  p.  and  live  being  a 
convenient  number.  Stamps  range  iu  weight  from 
Mod  to  1000  pounds.  Xevada  reports  the  heaviest  in 
use  and  Colorado  the  lightest.  There  is  a  certain 
definite  proportion  between  the  weight  of  the  shoe, 
stem,  tappet  and  boss.  In  au  800-pound  stamp  the 
shoe  would  weigh  about  125  pounds  and  the  die  loll 
pounds.  As  a  general  thing,  too  thick  a  die  occa- 
sions a  breakage  of  screens.  The  drop  in  a  gold 
mill  is  from  12  to  20  inches.  T*he  present  competi- 
tive contest,  previously  referred  to.  will  go  far  to- 
ward determining  the  practical  nature  of  the  re- 
spective claims  made. 


It  is  a  fact  not  susceptible  of  successful  contradic- 
tion that  there  is  to-day  no  branch  of   business  that 
s  such  superior  inducements  to   the    investor  as 
the  mining   industry.       While    Bradstreet's  aud  Pun 
^how  that  ninety-five  percent  of  mercantile  ventures 
.re  failures,  iu  gold  mining  there  is  no  competition,  a 
are   market,    and    the   same    opportunity   for   the 
xercise    of     skill,    intelligence    and    economy    that 


from  10  to  42  pounds  to  the  yard.  Though  the  first 
cost  is  considerable,  it  is  found  in  the  end  more  eco- 
nomical than  strap  rail  laid  on  wooden  stringers. 
The  only  noticeable  difference  in  the  car  is  that  it  is 
considerably  larger,  holding  more  than  a  cubic  yard,  [ 
and  weighing,  when  full,  nearly  two  tons.  The 
wheels  are  rigid  and  the  steel  axles  turn  in  bab- 
bitted, self-oiling  boxes.  Devices  for  hauling  the 
cars  and  securing  ventilation  have  not  varied  much 
from  original  methods.  Drift  mining  is  important 
in  the  system  itself  and  the  occasional  necessity 
under  existing  conditions  of  resorting  to  that  method 
of  mining  in  the  case  of  a  hydraulic  claim.  It  some-  | 
times  takes  the  place  of  the  latter  system  ^where 
water  is  scarce,   where   there   is  no   dump    room   or  ' 


vein   lying   within    the 


Aspen 
portion  of  the  Jumbo   Xo. 
Vestal  location. 

The  Enterprise  people  appealed  with  the  result  as 
above,  the  Court  of  Appeals  holding  that  the  owner 
of  a  tunnel  claim  is  under  no  obligation  to  adverse 
an  application  for  patent  for  a  lode  mining  claim 
based  upon  a  surface  location,  unless  the  vein  has 
been  discovered  in  the  tunnel  crossing  the  surface 
location,  and  that  the  tunnel  owner,  upon  discover- 
ing a  blind  vein  crossing  the  tunnel,  is  entitled  to 
the  possession  of  the  vein  for  1500  feet  in  one  direc- 
tion or  the  other  from  the  tunnel,  or  may,  if  he 
chooses,  locate  the  claim  partially  upon  one  side  and 
partially  upon  the  other  side  of  the  tunnel. 

While  the  decision  deals  with   a   Colorado  statute 


where  the  deposits  are  low  and  it  would    be   imprac-  j  of  lg61)  }t  ;n  g^necax  fixes  the   principle    "that    the 

measurement    of   the  length  that  may  be  claimed  by 


the  tunnel  begins  at  the  point  of  discovery,  and 
measures  full  1500  feet  in  any  manner  that  the  dis- 
coverers may  choose,  and  this  without  any  reference 
whatever  to  surface  measurements,"  which  seems  to 


ticable  to  move  the  whole  by  piping.  It  is  carried 
on  more  Jike  vein  mining  than  bydraulicking.  al- 
though used  only  iu  gravel.  Some  California  drift 
mines  have  made  very  large  returns,  the  Union,  in 
Sierra  Co..  having  a  record  of  £025  per  lineal  foot  in 
a  2400-foot  claim.     The  conditions   of   expense   vary  j  be  equity  as  well  as  law. 

greatly,    running   from   .*1    to   SO   a   yard.     At   the  , 

Hardscrapble,  in  Siskiyou   Co..    the   cost   per  cubic        The  coming  season  promises   to  be 

yard  has  been  summarized  as  follows:     Labor.  $1.00; 

timber,    .31;  lights.    05;  horse   feed.    .(12:   wear   and 

tear.  .12;  total,  $1.50.     In    another   drift   mine   the 

possibility  of  powder,  falls,  etc..  would  increase  that 

average,  while  the  "  wear  and   tear''   item   is  very 

indefinite  and  elastic. 


one  of  great 
activity  iu  California  gold  mining — placer,  drift  and 
quartz.  Gold  is  the  one  thing  in  California  to-day 
that  is  worth  as  much  as  it  was  a  year  or  five  or 
twenty  years  ago.  aud  California  is  the  one  State  in 
the  Union  in  which  gold  is  the  pleutiesl  aud  the 
easiest  to  find. 


Mawh  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


179 


Concentrates. 


BtLVBR  is  again  on  the  rise. 

Tin  Telegraph  mine.  Bingham.  Utah,  Ls  under  boud  for  sale. 

Ti:\  stamps  are  to  he  added  to  the  Santa  Rosa  mill  Id  Piue- 
cate  district. 

Deek  l k.  Montana,  reports  several  gold  strikes  smith- 
east  of  that  town. 

A  -i  UFHOBH  \«  n>  plant  la  tube  built  at  Dead  worn),  S.  D.,  | 
to  work  pyril 

OvKit  980,000  in  refined  gold  and  silver  bullion  is  missing 
Prom  the  Carson,  Nev.,  mint. 

Tbm owners  of  the  Montana  gold  mine,  in  the  Black  Hills, 
claim  to  have  13,000,000  in  sight. 

THl  Senator  mine,  Mojave  Co.,  Arizona,  has  been  sold  to  M. 
W.  Flournoy,  >>f  Albuquerque,  N-  M*. 

lut  Mercur  Company  declared  a  dividend  of  425,000  last 
week,  the  flrst  one  siuce  last  December. 

Tin  absence  1  £  -  '  'ouch  in  Arizona  has  delayed  consider- 
ation of  the  bio's  for  the  thirty-stamp  mill  at  Mariposa. 

C  i\  w->>  wenl  up  to  19  a  box  at  French  Gulch  during  the  re- 
cent snow  blockade  on  the  Trinity  Mountain  and  Yreka  road. 

MoHAVB,  says  the  Miner,  is  the  only  county  in  Arizona 
where  silver  mines  are  paying  working  expenses  right  along. 

Wk-tkkn  ADSTRALIA  recently  announced  a  whistling  snake, 
whereupon  British  New  Guinea  comes  to  the  front  with  a 
whistling  spider. 

TBECispus  mining  district  in  the  eastern  portion  of  Lewis 
,,  Wash,  is  attracting  attention.  Recent  assays  show 
from  *300  to  $500  a  ton. 

The  new  gold  find  on  the  desert  near  Indio,  Cal.,  is  in  a 
granite  formation,  uine  miles  north  of  Tingman  &  Holland's 
ml  I  in  Pinon  Mountain. 

A  i .  i  a  n  l  - i'< ' v,  1 1 Kit  explosion  in  the  Verde  mine,  Mi nas 
Pi  ret  as,  Sonora,  Mexico,  last  Monday,  instantly  killed  four 
miners  and  fatally  wounded  another. 

Colonel R.  F.  Morton,  a  prominent  mining  man  of  Sonora, 
Mex..  was  instantly  killed  by  a  Chinaman  last  Monday  while 
he  was  eating  breakfast  at  the  Cananea  mines. 

S<  i  par,  $227  have  been  contributed  to  the  treasury  of  the 
Placer  County  Miners'  Association  by  the  miners  at  the  Hid- 
den Treasure  mine.  Sunny  South,  Placer  county. 

Denver  proposes  to  have  a  mining  and  industrial  exposition 
in  '00.  At  a  preliminary  meeting  D.  H.  Moffat  handed  in  a 
$50,000  cheek.      A  few  men  like  him  can  make  it  a  success. 

A  ~i  it  involving  $3, 000,000  comes  up  for  trial  at  Denver  next 
week.  It  is  the  famous  Bassick  mine  in  Colorado.  The  prop- 
erty is  equipped  with  machinery  of  an  estimated  value  of 
$475,000. 

Tue  Hughes  Creek  Mining  Company,  of  Lemhi,  Idaho,  has 
been  organized  by  Minneapolis  men,  under  the  laws  of  Minne- 
sota, with  a  capital  of  $150,000,  divided  into. 3000  shares  of  $50 
per  share. 

Ciiaki.es  Mtrton,  employed  as  a  shaft  repairer  at  the 
Hector  mine,  Sutter  Creek,  was  killed  instantly  in  the  shaft 
of  that  mine  last  Saturday  afternoon.  He  was  working  alone 
at  the  '200  level. 

Last  week  Supt.  Casserly  at  the  Alaska  mine,  Pike  City, 
Sierra  Co.,  captured  a  specimen  thief  who  was  running  away 
with  a  sack  containing  ore  worth  $000.  He  was  allowed  to  go, 
minus  his  booty. 

The  Utiea  mine  continues  yielding  its  little  $250,000  a 
month.  If  they  had  that  mine  in  the  Witwatersraud,  S.  A., 
it  would  be  eapitalized  in  London  with  20,000,000  shares  being 
placed  at  £100  each,  par  value. 

There  is  a  probability  that  work  will  be  commenced  on  the 
Montana  State  School  of  Mines  this  summer,  and  that  active 
steps  will  be  taken  toward  putting  Butte  into  actual  posses- 
sion of  the  institution  which  she  now  has  on  paper. 

This  is  going  to  be  an  early  season  for  Montana  prospectors 
and  quartz  mining  operations,  but  it  is  feared  the  placer 
miner  will  go  unusually  short  of  water  about  July  1,  unless  he 
is  situated  to  control  snow  water  at  an  early  period. 

Two  men  and  a  woman  have  been  arrested  at  Deadwood,  S. 
D.,  charged  with  stealing  gold  amalgam  from  the  Homestake 
mills.  The  men  were  employed  in  the  mine  and  are  reported 
to  have  secured  §50,000  worth  in  a  period  of  three  years. 

The  Reno,  Nev.,  Journal  says  that  lumber  for  sluice-boxes 
is  being  hauled  out  to  the  placer  mines  discovered  on  the 
northwest  side  of  Peavine  mountain.  The  diggings  are  not 
very  extensive  and  are  all  located.  The  gold  is  coarse  and  of 
fine  quality. 

Mines  near  Banner,  San  Diego  Co.,  are  flourishing.  The 
Ella  mine  is  working  day  and  night  shifts.  Tracking  for  1000 
feet  of  tunnel  has  arrived.  The  Blue  Hill  tunnel  is  in  TOO 
feet.  The  old  Redwood  mine  will  soon  be  provided  with  new 
pumping  machinery. 

"Mountains  of  gold*'  and  "hundred-ounce  nuggets"  are 
now  announced  from  Western  Australia.  The  steamship  com- 
pany which  has  an  advertisement  in  every  interior  paper  in 
the  State,  offering  cheap  fares  to  Coolgardie,  probably  has 
nothing  to  do  with  those  reports. 

Tue  Arizona  Republican  says:  "Either  the  Holy  Terror 
mine  in  South  Dakota  is  exceptionally  appropriately  named, 
or  the  operators  are  holy  terrors  when  it  comes  to  lying.  The 
mine  is  reported  to  have  produced  320,000  worth  of  gold  in  five 
days.11    Arizona  can  do  a  little  itself  in  the  line  of  mendacity. 

The  Chicago  syndicate  which  recently  bought  the  tailings 
of  the  Eureka  mill  on  the  Carson  river,  Nevada,  and  built  a 
plant  for  working  them,  is  making  a  success  out  of  the  pros- 
pect. Eighty-eight  per  ceut  of  the  assay  value  of  the  tailings 
is  being  saved  and  everything  is  running  in  a  prosperous 
manner, 

Locis  Blandinq  says  that  the  statement  that  the  largest 
gold  nugget  ever  found  on  the  Pacific  Slope  was  worth  but 
$21,000  is  erroneous.  He  says  that  J.  J.  Finney  found  a  lump 
of  gold  about  six  miles  from  Downieville,  Sierra  county,  on  the 
21st  day  of  August,  1857,  that   weighed  a  fraction  over  5000 


Gold  Was  at    that   time    worth    about    $|g   an    ounce, 
which  would  make  the  value  of   that   single   lump  something 

like  $00,000.  Blanding  further  says  that  there  is  no  doubt 
thut  this  nugget  was  the  largest  piece  of  gold  ever  round. 
The  next  largest  was  from  'he  ltullarut  [Australia]  gold  Held, 
and  was  worth  $iUi,ihhi 

Tub  Banner  mine,  thirty  miles  north  "i  Idaho  City,  Idaho, 
Is  said  to  be  the  richest  silver  mine  in  that  State.  Its  total 
output  is  over  #1,wk>,ikhj.  Six  years  ago  it  produced  $90,000 
in  a  month.  The  force  lias  recently  been  cut  down,  ;is  Ll  does 
col  pay  to  mine  refractory  ore,  even  though  it   runs  from   100 

to  ;t»K>  ounces  per   ton. 

A  British  Colombia  mining  Journal  describes  the  formation 

of  the  Surprise  mine  in  the  Slocan  districbas follows:  "I'lim- 
biran,  principally  sehistose  argileaux  lime  and  plumbifennis 
shales  with  obtnisial  dykes  of  feldspathic  and  auorthyte  por- 
phyry." It  would  seem  as  though  "  the  component  parts  were 
highly  metalliferous." 

Robert  Duncan,  Jr.,  superintended  of  the  Aiuska-Tread- 
well,  writes:  "I  have  received  your  letter,  and  in  reply  beg 
to  say  that  this  and  every  part  of  Alaska  at  this  date  is  over- 
run with  men  looking  for  work,  which  they  cannot  obtain; 
therefore,  it  would  not  be  good  policy  to  come  to  Alaska  at 
this  time  looking  for  work.'' 

A  mineral  known  as  pniuslite.  a  crystallized  ruby  silver, 
assaying  from  l-'uo  to  6000  ounces  to  the  ton.  and  carrying 
more  or  less  gold,  has  been  discovered  several  times  in  Colo- 
rado of  late.  It  resembles  cube  iron  very  much,  has  a  cherry- 
red  hue  and  does  not  turn  blood  red  when  scratched  with  a 
knife.  This  makes  it  richer,  as  its  quality  is  nearly  a  pure 
mineral  and  is  not  susceptible  to  a  flaky  scratch. 

A  mineu  named  Geo.  Dey  was  recently  killed  at  the  Gold 
Ridge  Con.  mine  by  an  explosion  of  giant  caps,  and  Superin- 
tendent Phelan,  coming  to  this  city  on  behalf  of  the  company, 
offered  to  the  dead  miner's  mother  to  bring  the  remains  here, 
buy  a  cemetery  lot  and  pay  all  the  funeral  expenses,  or  have 
the  interment  take  place  in  the  Sierras  and  give  her  what  the 
funeral  would  cost.  She  chose  the  latter,  and  the  company 
promptly  paid  her  $250. 

The  total  output  for  January  of  the  Montana  Mining  Com- 
pany was  (5470  tons  of  ore.  which  contained  2620  ounces  of  gold 
and  20,550  ounces  of  silver.  The  estimated  realizable  value  of 
the  same  is  §63,900.  The  expenditures  were  as  follows :  Work- 
ing expenses  on  revenue  account,  $35,200;  outlay  on  develop- 
ments, $13,900;  legal  expenses,  §900;  extraneous  and  traveling 
expenses,  $1700;  machinery,  etc.,  $1000,  making  a  total  of  $52,- 
700,  and  leaving  a  net  result  of  $15,000  for  the  month. 

The  best  gold  story  of  the  week  comes  from  Utah,  where,  a 
telegraphic  legend  asserts,  a  young  school  teacher  and  his 
pupils,  while  engaged  in  geologic  research,  found  gold  galore 
in  the  San  Juan  river.  The  regular  "  three  old  California 
miners"  were  on  hand  to  take  charge,  and  the  result  of  the 
first  day's  work  in  the  bed  of  the  stream  yielded  $2300.  The 
next  best  comes  from  the  Pichaco  district,  a  long  letter  stating 
that  "white  gold"  has  been  found  there  which  "sells  readily 
for  $24  an  ounce." 

Martin  Dalgreen,  manager  of  one  of  Governor  Grant's 
mines  in  Old  Mexico,  writes  of  a  very  peculiar  method  they 
have  down  in  that  country  of  impressing  miners  into  the 
service.  The  men  receive  the  enormous  stipend  of  67  cents  a 
day,  and  are  required  to  take  80  per  cent  of  this  out  in  trade 
at  the  company's  store.  It  is  but  natural  that  there  would  be 
a  scarcity  of  miners  at  the  end  of  every  payday  at  these 
prices,  even  among  the  Greasers.  But  they  have  a  very 
merry  way  of  drumming  up  recruits,  that,  while  successful  in 
that  country,  would  probably  raise  trouble  if  tried  on  in  any 
mining  camp  in  this  State.  Every  Monday  morning  the 
mounted  police  are  sent  out  to  scour  the  country  for  men  to 
work  in  the  mines,  and  those  who  refuse  are  sent  to  jail. 

There  are  many  different  kinds  of  mines,  but  there  is  only 
one  known  salve  mine,  and  it  is  located  near  Rock  creek, 
Wyo.  The  mine  consists  of  a  grayish  colored  clay,  nearly  as 
hard  as  a  rock,  and  when  placed  in  water  it  softens  into  a  salve 
that  will  heal  cuts,  burns,  inflammation,  and  cure  bad  hoofs 
in  horses,  and  heal  all  kinds  of  wounds,  except  love's.  Deter- 
mined not  to  be  outdone  by  Wyoming's  new  salve  mine,  Colo- 
rado comes  to  the  front  with  a  honey  mine.  The  Gulden  Glohe 
says:  On  the  north  side  of  North  Table  mountain  the 
bees  have  for  years  used  the  caves  and  crevices  in  the  rocks 
as  their  home.  Hundreds  of  pounds  of  honey  have  been  takeu 
out  of  these  places  the  past  few  years.  Many  tons  of  this 
wild  honey  have  been  mined  from  our  mountains,  and  to  get 
at  it  the  rocks  in  places  had  to  be  blasted  away. 

The  California  Miners'  Association,  through  A.  H.  Ricketts, 
chairman  of  Committee  on  Mineral  Lands,  has  filed  general 
protests  against  the  patenting  of  about  500,000  acres  of  land  to 
railroad  companies  in  this  State.  The  protests  go  to  the 
Marysville,  Los  Angeles  and  Redding  districts  and  oppose  the 
patenting  of  mineral  land.  The  publication  of  this  effort  on 
the  part  of  the  l-ailway  companies  to  absorb  mineral  land  in 
this  State  was  first  made  in  these  columns-last  October.  The 
attention  of  the  California  Miners'  Association  eonvention 
was  directed  to  it  at  the  meeting  the  following  month  and 
vigoroifs  measures  adopted  to  forestall  such  wholesale  grab. 
Since  then  the  matter  has  become  one  of  widespread  noto- 
riety, and  the  committee  in  charge  of  the  matter  has  spared 
no  effort  to  thwart  the  moves  of  the  railway  company  to  ac- 
quire title  to  several  hundred  thousand  acres  in  this  State 
manifestly  mineral  in  character. 

Two  decisions  have  been  made  by  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
Smith,  wherein  a  former  decision  in  the  Pike's  Peak  case  has 
been  overruled.  The  decision  affects  mining  cases  where  dis- 
putes arise  between  placer  and  lode  claims.  Secretary  Smith 
decides  when  it  has  been  ascertained  by  the  Department  or 
determined  by  a  court  of  competent  jurisdiction  that  a  lode  or 
claim  exists  within  the  boundaries  of  the  land  covered  by  a 
placer  patent,  that  such  lode  claim  was  known  to  exist  at  the 
date  of  the  application  for  such  patent,  and  was  not  applied 
for  by  the  placer  claimant,  the  land  in  the  lode  is  reserved 
fromthe  operation  of  the  conveyance,  and  patent  may  issue 
for  such  lode,  if  the  law  has  been  in  other  respects  fully  com- 
plied with.  The  first  decision  is  in  the  case  of  N.  J.  McCon- 
nelL,  known  as  the  South  Star  Lode  case,  and  the  other  is  the 
Plain  View  Mining  and  Milling  Company  and  Charles  H. 
Peters,  vs.  James  Freeman,  known  as  the  Freeman  Placer 
case. 


How     to    Stimulate    the     Iron     Industries     of 
San    Francisco. 

root,  s.  Moorb,  ftlsdon  [roo  and  Locomotive  Works. 
The  theme  assigned  me  N  the  "  Iron  industries  of  this  city 
and  State,"  and  lam  invited  to  do  in  ten  minutes  what  ail 
the  brains  engaged  in  those  industries  have  nol  been  able  to 
accomplish  in  as  many  years.  1  am  requested  to  suggest  a 
plan,  to  outline  a  policy,  by  which  the  said  industries  may  be 
rescued  from  lethargy  and  brought  to  a  state  of  permanent 
prosperity. 

I  doubt  if  the  besl  waj  to  approach  the  subject  is  to  regard 
the  iron  industries  by  themselves.  They,  like  every  other 
important  branch  of  manufacture,  are  necessarily  dependent 
upon  the  general  state  of  trade,  and  so  intimately  connected 
with  environing  industrial  conditions  that,  only  by  the  im- 
provement of  those  conditions,  can  the  iron  industries  he 
improved. 

When  mining  is  de-pressed,  business  dull,  real  estate  dead, 
population  stationary  or  declining,  and  moneyed  men  afraid  to 
invest  in  improvements,  the  iron  men  need  not  look  for  ac- 
1  ivity  in  their  line.  This  is  so  apparent  as  to  make  the  state- 
ment a  truism:  yet  the  truism  needs  to  be  forced  home  on 
business  men  who  are  prone  to  take  narrow  views  when  their 
individual  financial  interest  is  involved  and  to  lose  sight  of 
the  dependenee  of  their  special  line  of  work  upon  the  general 
welfare. 

To  my  mind,  the  impulse  which  gave  birth  to  the  idea  of 
convoking  this  convention  augurs  much  good,  not  alone  for  the 
iron  industries,  but  for  all  the  Industries  represented  on  this 
floor. 

This  impulse  arose  from  the  perception  of  the  need  for  co- 
operation in  behalf  of  the  common  good  ;  and  when  that  spirit 
is  stronger  in  this  community  than  it  is  now;  when  Cali- 
fornia's men  of  business  come  to  realize,  with  a  vividness  that 
shall  control  action,  that  they  are  all  in  oue  boat,  we  shall 
then  have  the  "New  California."  about  which  so  much  is  be- 
ing said  and  written,  and  of  the  approach  of  which  this  con- 
vention is  one  of  the  cheering  signs. 

One  of  the  principles  on  which  the  new  order  of  things  will 
be  based  will  be  a  clearer  understanding  of  the  soundness  of 
the  business  doctrine — that  Californians  should  be  for  Cali- 
fornia, and  that  the  maxim  of  "  every  one  for  himself  and  the 
devil  take  the  hindmost"  is  not  good  business  policy.  It  is 
action  on  this  maxim  that  has  kept  California  a  colony  in  trib- 
utary bondage  to  the  East. 

Turning  aside  from  generalities,  I  would  advise  a  permanent 
organization  of  this  Manufacturers'  Convention,  to  be  con- 
trolled in  its  work  by  a  body  of  responsible  men,  who,  by 
painstaking,  intelligent  investigation,  shall  first  ascertain 
the  causes  of  the  prevailing  stagnation  in  each  particular  line 
of  industry,  and  then  present  the  remedies. 

I  believe  in  the  efficacy  of  legislation  to  help  us.  We  need 
law  to  compel  home  patronage  by  wealthy  corporations  in  our 
own  and  adjacent  cities.  These  corporations  exist  by  favor 
of  law  and  depend  on  the  California  public  for  their  support. 
Nevertheless,  we  in  the  iron  trade  all  know  their  habit  of 
ignoring  their  neighbors  when  they  have  work  to  give  and 
purchasing  abroad  because  they  can,  for  the  moment,  save  a 
few  dollars  thereby.  Theiron  industries  would  at  once  feel 
the  stimulating  effect  of  the  change  if  these  corporations  were 
not  penny-wise  and  pound-foolish.  The  extent  to  which  they 
are  so  is  known  only  to  those  who  suffer  most  directly  by 
their  course. 

Hardly  a  week  passes  that  we  do  not  see  proposals  adver- 
tised and  contracts  for  machinery  let  to  Eastern  firms  be- 
cause the  latter  can  underbid  our  local  manufacturers.  On 
the  Oakland  side  of  the  bay  a  large  corporate  water  works 
has  just  been  completed,  the  entire  pumpiug  and  boiler  equip- 
ment of  which  was  brought  from  Milwaukee.  At  San  Jose 
the  contract  for  a  pumping  plaut  of  five  million  gallons  ca- 
pacity was  recently  given  by  the  city  to  a  New  York  concern, 
and  local  bids  were  not  entertained  or  even  solicited,  and  al- 
ready the  representatives  of  leading  Eastern  iron  firms  are 
opening  offices  in  San  Francisco  eager  for  work  of  every  na- 
ture and  kind. 

Gentlemen,  this  is  all  wrong;  but  it  is  the  California 
eustom  of  cutting  her  own  industrial  throat.  Hundreds  of 
like  cases  could  be  cited  from  the  past,  and  it  would  be  time 
well  spent  to  enumerate  them  in  order  to  prove  that  our  main 
trouble  is  with  ourselves,  and  therefore  removable  by  our- 
selves. 

The  labor  unions  have  set  their  employers  in  the  iron  in- 
dustries an  example  which  we  should  have  the  intelligence  to 
follow.  They  have  done  the  best  work  ever  accomplished  in 
the  direction  which  plain  self-interest,  common  sense  aud 
practical  public  spirit  dictate.  A  few  years  ago,  these  work- 
men waited  upon  the  San  Francisco  supervisors  aud  succeeded 
in  having  inserted  in  street  railway  franchises  a  clause  com- 
pelling the  companies  to  patronize  home  industries.  A  similar 
t'lause  was  incorporated  in  the  contracts  for  the  dome  of  the 
New  City  Hall.  The  plan  worked  admirably.  Law  stepped 
in  between  unreflecting  greed  and  local  public  interest,  and 
thus  thousands  of  dollars  worth  of  work  was  kept  at  home 
through  the  efforts  of  this  handful  of  organized  labor. 

In  order  to  compete  successfully  with  the  East ;  in  order  to 
become  a  manufacturing  State  on  a  large  and  flourishing 
scale,  California  must  of  course  approach  more  nearly  to  East- 
ern conditions.  At  present  we  are  all  keyed  up*  too  high. 
The  pioneer  tradition  of  "easy  come,  easy  go,"  born  of  lucky 
chances  and  full  pockets,  still  survives  and  hinders.  We  are 
all  disposed  to  live  beyond  our  means  and  to  despise  those 
economics  which  are  mandatory  upon  an  industrial  community 
if  it  would  compete  successfully  with  energetic  and  intelli- 
gent minds  elsewhere. 

Without  dwelling  upon  the  disastrous  effects  of  low  freights 
from  the  East  upon  all  our  industries,  I  will  simply  state  we 
are  on  the  eve  of  a  change  in  these  unjust,  unnatural  and 
killing  conditions,  with  a  bright  prospect  that  we  shall  soon 
come  by  our  own  again.  The  new  Valley  road,  with  Claus 
Spreck'els  at  the  helm,  is,  if  I  may  adopt  figurative  language, 
the  herald  of  the  New  California,  blowing  a  blast  on  its  horn 
which  has  awakened  the  whole  .State  and  will  arouse  it  still 
further.  This  road,  it  is  certain,  will  start  other  roads,  de- 
prive the  East  of  its  artificial  privileges  in  our  field  and  give 
home  energy,  home  enterprise,  home  brains  and  home  money 
a  fair  chance  to  do  California's  work  and  get  their  just  reward. 
To  sum  up  then  the  needs  of  the  iron  industries  are  not  pe- 
culiar. They  call  for  co-operation;  for  patriotic  law,  where 
that  is  practicable;  for  wise  economy  in  methods  of  produc- 
tion; for  adjustment  to  Eastern  conditions;  for  recognition  of 
the  truth  that  there  must  be  more  public  spirit  amongst 
manufacturers  and  a  greater  readiness  to  comprehend  that 
their  welfare  is  bound  up  iudissoluhly  with  the  welfare  of 
I  the  whole  community. 


180 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  23,  1895. 


The  Greatest  Qold  Field. 


Written  by  Dan  likQuii.i.e. 
California  is  taking  a  new  departure  in  gold  min- 
ing. For  some  years  after  the  war  upon  the  hy- 
draulic miners  all  kinds  of  mining  was  suffered  to 
languish.  The  old  and  paying  quartz  mines  and 
drift  diggings  continued  to  be  worked,  but  very  little 
prospecting  was  done.  Though  the  war  of  the  peo- 
ple of  the  valleys  was  only  against  parties  engaged 
in  hydraulic  mining,  the  effect  was  to  discourage  and 
disgust  the  people  of  the  mountains,  who  were  stig- 
matized as  "outlaws"  and  "bandits."  Some  left 
the  mountains  and  went  into  the  towns  of  the  val- 
leys, others  remained  and  for  a  time  strove  to  keep 
themselves  and  their  families  by  working  their  mines 
in  secret  by  night,  but  spies  from  the  valleys  were 
constantly  on  the  watch  and  so  many  were  arrested, 
lined  and  imprisoned  that  at  last  hydraulic  mining 
was  as  good  as  killed.  It  was  argued  by  the  people 
of  the  "  cow  counties  "  that  the  shutting  down  of  the 
hydraulic  mines  would  make  but  little  difference  in 
the  gold  yield  of  California,  as  the  men  of  the  moun- 
tains would  at  once  turn  their  attention  to  quartz 
mining,  but  an  awful  falling  off  in  the  annual  product 
soon  appeared. 

Some  few  tried  quartz  mining  for  a  time,  but  the 
majority  clung  to  their  hydraulic  claims,  out  of  which 
they  strove  to  make  a  living  by  working  them  as 
drift  diggings.  Men  with  families  dependent  upon 
them  could  not  take  chances  by  roving  the  moun- 
tains in  search  of  paying  quartz  veins;  they  were 
obliged  to  make  sure  of  some  gold,  however  small  the  I 
amount,  therefore  they  drifted,  creviced,  panned  and 
rocked  about  in  their  old  diggings.  All  kinds  of 
mining  were  much  demoralized  and  California  began 
to  lose  prestige  as  the  great  gold-producing  State  of 
the  country.  For  several  years  mining  was  so  much 
discouraged  in  California  and  so  great  was  the  de- 
cline of  that  industry  that  the  verdict  in  the  East 
was  that  the  State  was  "  played  out  "as  a  gold  pro- 
ducer. The  men  of  the  valleys  "got  on  top"  and 
people  of  the  older  States  were  soon  led  to  believe 
that  the  "Golden  State"  was  no  longer  of  much 
value,  except  for  its  grain  fields  and  orange  groves. 
From  the  very  first  the  shutting  down  of  the  hy- 
draulic mines  was  sorely  felt  by  many  San  Francisco 
business  men,  but  the  agriculturists  had  the  "  pull  " 
and  the  great  industry  of  mining  languished.  The 
old,  developed,  paying  quartz  and  drift  mines  con- 
tinued to  be  worked,  but  few  new  enterprises  were 
undertaken,  and  the  little  prospecting  in  progress 
was  conducted  in  a  superficial  and  desultory  manner. 
Tn  San  Francisco  there  were  always  men  who 
longed  for  the  old  full  flow  of  gold  from  the  moun- 
tains and  who  were  earnestly  stirring  to  revive  the 
waning  industry  of  mining.  In  this  they  have  been 
so  far  successful  that  the  working  of  hydraulic  mines 
is  again  permitted  under  certain  conditions — the  im- 
pounding of  the  tailings  flowing  from  the  diggings. 
Although  but  a  few  of  many  hydraulic,  mines  have 
started  up  uuder  the  new  law,  the  beginning  made 
has  had  a  good  effect.  Interest  has  again  been 
awakened  in  the  mining  industry  and  prospecting 
has  been  resumed  in  good  earnest.  The  men  of  the 
mountains  feel  that  the  ban  of  outlawry  has  been  re- 
moved from  their  class  and  some  recognition  given 
them  under  the  law  by  the  restoration  of  a  part  of 
their  old  rights.  Soon  again  the  mountain  towns,  as 
of  old,  will  be  the  most  prosperous  in  California. 
Soon  again  property  in  the  mountains  will  have  value 
and  the  mining  industi-y  will  take  its  old  place  to  the 
front. 

Gold-bearing  quartz  veins  now  constitute  about 
the  only  property  outside  of  the  great  financial  cen- 
ters in  which  there  is  any  encouragement  to  invest 
money.  In  all  other  industries  except  gold  mining, 
under  the  present  monetary  system,  prices  of  prod- 
ucts are  steadily  going  lower  and  lower.  It  is  only 
the  product  of  the  gold  mine  that  shows  increase  of 
value  in  this  time  of  tumbling  values.  This  being 
the  case,  and  paying  gold  mines  being  about  the  only 
kind  of  property  in  which  it  is  safe  to  invest,  the 
gold-bearing  veins  of  California  are  being  looked  after. 
The  demand  for  paying  mines  has  given  new  life  to 
prospecting  and  many  wonderfully  rich  discoveries 
are  now  being  made  in  the  old  "  Golden  State." 

To-day  there  is  more  gold  in  the  great  gravel  de- 
posits of  the  mountains  of  California  than  has  ever 
been  taken  out.  Wonderful  deposits  of  the  yellow 
metal  to  be  found  in  a  thousand  places  in  the  State, 
and  a  hundred  years  hence  rich  discoveries  will  con- 
tinue, to  be  made,  as  in  many  sections  the.  face  of  the 
country  is  covered  with  such  a  depth  of  soil  that 
hundreds  and  thousands  of  veins  of  gold-bearing- 
quartz,  great  and  small,  are  hidden  from  sight. 
From  time  to  time,  as  the  years  roll  on,  one  after  an- 
other these  veins  will  be  found  and  their  virgin  con- 
tents brought  to  light.  Where  one  large,  rich  vein 
is  found,  parallel  vpins  of  the  same  character  almost 
always  exist,  therefore  one  discover}'  in  a  new  sec- 
tion of  country  nearly  always  leads  to  many  others. 
Some  wonderfully  rich  deposits  of  gold  have  been 
discovered  in  the  quartz  veins  of  California,  but 
probably  there  is  to-da\'  lying  hidden  somewhere  in 
the  mountains  of  the  State  a  far  bigger  bonanza  of 
the  yellow  metal  than  has  ever  yet  been  found  or 
ever  dreamed  of.  And  this  great  store  of  gold  may 
to-day  be  somewhere  almost  peeping  out  through 
the  soil  of  the  surface.     Of  all  the  gold  fields  of  the 


world.  California  is  that  of  the  greatest  possibilities. 
The  hundreds  of  millions  in  dust  and  nuggets  that 
have  been  gathered  on  the  surface  from  the  placer 
deposits  show  this.  All  the  gold  found  in  the  placers, 
gulches,  creeks  and  rivers — with  millions  on  millions 
more  of  fine  dust  washed  away  into  the  sea  in  the 
course  of  ages — was  but  the  result  of  the  decompo- 
sition and  erosion  of  the  croppings  or  upper  parts  of 
the  quartz  veins  above  in  the  great  gold  belt  lying 
along  the  western  face  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  range 
of  mountains.  Those  millions  found  in  the  surface 
deposits  of  sand  and  gravel  were  but  the  golden 
seeds  cast  off  by  the  blossoming  and  ripening  aurifer- 
ous quartz  veins  above.  All  the  gold  in  the  veins  be- 
low the  level  of  the  face  of  the  rock  constituting  the 
solid  surface  formation  of  the  country — the  "coun- 
try rock  " — remained  in  place,  and  where  it  has  not 
been  discovered  and  mined  out,  to-day  still  lies  in  the 
veins. 

The  quartz  veins  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  mountains 
constitute  the  source  of  all  the  gold  found  in  the  Cali- 
fornia placer  deposits.  The  hundreds  of  millions 
found  in  the  placers,  creeks  and  ravines  were  but 
the  loose  gold  shed  in  the  course  of  ages  by  the 
weathering  and  wearing  down  of  the  exposed  tops  of 
the  veins  of  auriferous  quartz.  It  is  therefore  evi- 
dent that,  great  as  was  the  amount  of  gold  found 
scattered  about  the  face  of  the  country,  the  main 
store  of  the  yellow  metal  must  remain  behind  in  the 
veins.  For  many  3'ears  the  attention  of  the  majority 
of  the  miners  of  California  was  turned  to  the  placer 
mines — few  meddling  with  the  quartz  veins — and 
even  to-day  there  remain  uuworked  and  unexplored 
whole  mountains  of  auriferous  gravel  and  vast  fields 
of  such  placers  as  are  usually  worked  by  hydraulic 
process.  Even  now  the  full  harvest  of  surface  gold 
is  far  from  being  gathered.  Hundreds  of  millions 
still  remain  in  the  gravel  of  the  hills  and  flats  and  in 
the  sands  of  the  streams. 

Still,  for  years  some  have  devoted  themselves  to 
the  development  of  the  quartz  mines  of  the  State, 
and  deep,  genuine  mining  in  the  veins  that  are  the 
source  of  the  surface  gold  may  now  be  said  to  be 
frirly  under  wa}'.  At  many  points  along  the  great 
mother  lode  immensely  rich  mines  have  been  opened 
and  are  found  to  pay  steadily  year  after  year. 
Although  some  of  the  oldest  of  these  mines  have 
attained  great  depth,  they  still  yield  well  and  the 
veins  show  no  sign  of  giving  out. 

In  the  vicinity  of  these  rich  mines,  on  and  along 
the  mother  lode,  is  a  fine  field  for  prospectors.  The 
paying  mines  show  a  "  fertile  belt,"  and  in  a  fertile 
belt  are  nearly  always  to  be  found  parallel  veins. 
The  best  country  in  which  to  prospect  is  one  that 
has  yielded  an  immense  amount  of  surface  gold, 
which  shows  good  strong  sources  of  the  yellow  metal 
in  quartz  veins.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  California 
to-day  is  the  best  country  in  the  world  for  a  miner 
who  wishes  to  prospect  for  gold  quartz.  Looking  at 
the  immense  amount  of  gold  that  has  been  gathered 
on  the  surface,  then  counting  the  quartz  veins  that 
are  known  and  worked,  it  becomes  evident  that  there 
must  still  be  hundreds  of  rich  veins  that  remain  to  be 
discovered.  There  are  to-day  better  ehances  in 
California  than  iu  South  Africa,  Australia  or  any 
other  country  on  the  face  of  the  globe.  The  chances 
for  making  a  big  find  are  as  good  as  in  any  other 
gold  field  in  the  world.  The  gold  deposit  that  lies 
undiscovered  and  untouched  is  as  big  to-day  as  in 
the  days  of  "'49."  Then,  the  miner  can  at  the 
present  time  obtain  provisions  and  all  other  supplies 
at  cheaper  rates  in  California  than  in  any  other  gold- 
producing  country  in  the  world.  In  no  State  in  the 
Union  can  a  man  live  better  for  a  small  amount  of 
money  than  in  California. 

For  some  years  past,  until  recently,  there  has 
been  very  little  prospecting  done  in  California. 
While  prospecting  was  active  in  Colorado,  Utah, 
Idaho  and  other  regions  to  the  east,  it  was  almost  at 
a  stand  in  California.  The  men  of  the  mountains 
were  so  worked  upon  that  they  gave  little  thought 
to  prospecting,  and  most  of  them  were  so  enraged 
against  the  people  of  the  "  cow  counties  "  that  they 
would  hardly  have  touched  a  quartz  lode  had  they 
known  it  to  be  filled  with  gold.  They  resented  hav- 
ing their  hydraulic  mines  shut  down  by  the  valley 
ranchers  and  being  left  to  "  dig  quartz  or  starve." 

Recently,  however,  the  miners  are  again  coming  to 
the  front.  Eggs,  butter  and  potatoes  are  now  more 
plentiful  in  the  valleys  than  gold,  and  the  miners  are 
no  longer  chased  about  in  the  mountains  as 
"  outlaws  "  and  "bandits."  Almost  every  week  we 
now  hear  of  new  and  rich  discoveries  in  quartz. 
These  are  not  up  in  the  wilds  of  the  mountains,  but 
in  and  about  the  old  camps,  as  at  Grass  Valley, 
where  the  first  quartz  mining  in  the  State  was  done. 
There  is  no  better  place  in  which,  to  prospect  than 
in  the  belts  of  fertile  country  about  the  old  camps  iu 
Nevada  county,  Mariposa,  Sierra,  Tuolumne  and 
other  counties  up  and  down  along  the  great  mother 
lode.  Even  close  to  the  towns  all  has  not  been  found 
that  the  earth  contains.  Surprising  finds  are 
frequently  made  in  and  about  even  the  oldest  camps. 
These  finds  are  generally  b}'  some  outsider  or  "green- 
horn." People  living  in  a  mining  camp  think  they 
known  all  about  the  place,  and  seldom  bother  with 
prospecting.  When  a  camp  is  new,  prospecting  may 
be  pretty  lively  for  a  time,  but  it  soon  dies  out  and 
that  is  the  end  of  it  until  a  big  find  is  made  by  some 


quartz 


blundering   tenderfoot   who  does   not  know 
from  granite  or  gold  from  iron  pyrites. 

In  California,  in  the  fertile  belts,  even  the  smallest 
ot  quartz  veins  are  worth  looking  after.  A  vein, 
however  small,  that  shows  gold,  is  worthy  of  careful 
exploration,  as  it  is  liable  to  prove  to  be  "a  feeder  of 
a  large  hidden  lode,  or,  if  not,  may  lead  to  a  rich 
pocket  at  no  great  depth.  If  a  vein  shows  gold  at 
all  it  is  pretty  sure  to  contain  pay  at  some"  point. 
Once  a  prospector  becomes  well  acquainted  with  a 
section  of  country  he  soon  finds  a  place  where  he  can 
make  enough  money  to  "clear  his  teeth,"  and  having 
taken  root  on  the  range,  he  will  be  in  hard  luck  if  he 
does  not  within  ayear  or  two  hit  upon  a  good  mine- 
perhaps  tumble  into  something  amazingly  rich. 

In  prospecting,  the  man  who  selects  a  good  sec- 
tion in  a  strong  gold  belt,  and  then  settles  down  and 
makes  himself- thoroughly  acquainted  with  his  sur- 
roundings, will  be  much  more  likely  to  succeed  than 
one  who  runs  from  place  to  place  expecting  to  catch 
something  on  the  wing.  There  are  still  hundreds  of 
millions  to  be  found  in  California,  and  during  the 
coming  summer  we  are  likely  to  hear  of  many  won- 
derful discoveries  being  made.  Most  of  these  will  be 
near  the  old  camps,  for  as  yet  there  is  not  much 
scouting  up  into  the  high  Sierras. 


Idaho's  Mineral  Output  for  '94. 


Frank  F.  Church,  assayer  in  charge  of  the  United 
States  Assay  Office  at  Boise,  has  completed  his  re- 
port, showing  the  total  product  of  gold,  silver  and 
lead  for  the  State  during  the  year  1894. 

The  report  points  out  that  the  leading  mining  dis- 
tricts in  the  State  now  attracting  general  attention 
are  the  De  Lamar  and  Silver  City" mining  districts 
of  Owyhee  county  and  the  Coeur  d'Alene  district  of 
Shoshone  county.  Within  these  districts  are  a  num- 
•berof  mines  which  have  few,  if  any,  equals  for  rich- 
ness and  quantity  of  ore  beds.  Especially  is  this 
true  of  the  silver-lead  mines  of  the  Coeur  d'Alene 
district,  which  lias  increased  its  output  over  the 
previous  year,  notwithstanding  the  continued  dull 
market  for  the  pro.luct. 

Of  the  placer  ground  of  the  Murray  district, 
Shoshone  county,  he  says  the  output  has  been  steady 
and  substantial.  The  gold-bearing  quartz  mines  are 
also  quite  productive  and  are  very  promising  in 
character. 

The  Warrens  district,  Idaho  count}',  is  fast  taking 
the  lead  in  profitable  quartz  and  placer  mining,  and 
will  add  materially  to  the  production  of  the  State 
for  the  present  year. 

The  many  good  ledges  in  Boise  and  rjemhi  coun- 
ties have  been  developed  within  the  year  to  such  an 
extent  that  their  profitable  operation  is  no  longer  a 
question. 

The  Seven  Devils  district,  in  Washington  county,  is 
exceedingly  rich  in  copper,  but  has  been  developed 
nieagerly  on  account  of  the  lack  of  transportation. 

The  flour  gold  to  be  found  in  great  quantities  on 
the  famous  Snake  river  has  attracted  unusual  atten- 
tion, and  has  contributed  largely  to  the  increased 
production  of  the  State. 

The  following  is  a  detailed  statement  of  the  output : 


Counties. 

Fine  Ounces. 

Value. 

b»l 

.   ,.  - 1,788 

36,961 

Custer 

Elmore.             

Lemhi 

Logan 

1 ,029 

.....                 1,253 

5,1*1 

13,217 

1,407 

31,271 

25.902 
106,232 
273.220 

29,085 

Owvhee 

Shoshone 

17,531 

...       750 

1 ,000 

783,773 

3(12,398 

15.504 

20.672 

82,308,775" 

Counties. 

SILVER. 

Fine.  Ounces 

Value. 

320 

284 

71,120 

91.951 

3,501 

5.855 

781 

'19,176 

1,299,096 

3,029,671 

15.515 

Logan 

4.552 

604 

14,832 

1,1X14,792 

Oilier  couuties 

500 

<H6 

$4,879,855 
..  7,188,630 

Total  production $9,793,080 

For  1893  the  production  of  the  State,  according  to 
the  Mint  statement,  was  as  follows  : 

Gold SI.liU3.IW  I 

Silver 4.4KAM 

Lead 2,534,753 

Total  for  1893 18,685,858 

Total  loi   1894   89,793,080 

Actual  increase 81,108,223 


TJeports  from  Mexico  indicate  that  silver  produc 
tion  there  is  being  pushed  with  vigor,  and  under 
various  concessions  which  the  Government  has  made 
new  refineries  and  smelting  works  are  going  up, 
while  the  railroads  make  specially  low  rates  to  the 
coast,  in  marked  distinction  to  the  prohibitory  rates 
which  the  California  railroad  system  puts  on  silver 
sent  here  for  shipment  to  the  Orient, 


March  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


181 


Characteristic    Features    of    California  Gold- 
Ouartz   Veins. 


Read    before  the  Geological  Sooletj   ol    \merlca  by  Waldbuab 

L I  m  I  1  BO  I . 

Tin-  gold-quartz  veins  of  California,  in  spite  of 
many  local  variations,  torn)  a  remarkably  well- 
ed type  of  mineral  deposits,  the  salient  char- 
acteristics of  which  it  is  intended  to  portray  in  tliis 
paper.  The  results,  indicated  in  brief  outlines,  have 
in  en  obtained  during  general  and  detailed  mapping 
for  the  United  siate-  Geological  "survey  in  the  gold- 
bearing  region  of  California. 

The  general  map  of  California   indicates  the  ex- 

li'nl  and  distribution  (. I'  the  gold-quartz  veins.  Be- 
ginning in  the  peninsula  range  south  of  the  Mexican 
i.uv.  the  deposits  continue  in  scattered  form 
iii.i  with  many  intermissions  up  to  Fresno  county,  a 
few  of  them  also  occurring  at  isolated  points  along 
Hie  coast  ranges  smith  of  San  Francisco.     In  Fresno 

County  tin  v  I" more  abundant,  and  in  .Mariposa 

County  the  auriferous  belt  rapidly  widens.  From 
here  QQptttward  to  the  point  when'  they  are  covered 
by  the  ureat  lava  fields  of  northeastern  California 
Mfe  maximum  development  is  obtained.  In  latitude 
in  the  gold  deposits  extend  from  the  great  valley 
on  the  west  to  the  summits  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  on 
the  east.  In  a  northwesterly  direction  the  continua- 
tion of  the  gold-bearing  area  is  found  in  Shasta, 
Trinity,  Siskiyou  and  Del  Norte  counties  in  Cali- 
fornia, and  it's  northerly  end  occupies  the  counties 
nf  .lael;si>n.  Josephine  and  Curry  in  southwestern 
Oregon.  Volcanic  flows  and  more  recent  superja- 
cent formations  cover  the  gold-bearing  area  toward 

tin'  east  and  north. 

A  smaller  auriferous  belt  of  less  importance  runs 
along  the  eastern  slope  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,  begin- 
ning  in  Alpine  county  and  continuing  southward 
through  Mono,  Inyo  and  .San  Bernardino  counties. 
Moat  of  the  deposits  along  this  line  differ  more  or 
less  from  the  normal  type  of  the  western  slope. 

In  the  northern  part,  of  the  Mexican  peninsula  and 
in  San  Diego  county  granitic  rocks  prevail,  but  in 
them  are  imbedded  numerous  more  or  less  contact- 
metamorphosed  areas  of  slates  and  schists  of  uncer- 
tain age.  The  gold-quartz  veins  usually  occur  in,  or 
at  least  close  to,  these  areas.  The  principal  mining 
districts  in  San  Diego  county  are  Julian  and  Banner, 
in  the  central  part,  and  Pinacate,  near  the  northern 
boundary. 

Granitic  rocks,  with  smaller  schist  areas,  con- 
tinue through  San  Bernardino  and  Los  Angeles 
counties.  Placer  deposits  and  smaller  veins  are 
found  around  San  Bernardino  mountain,  as  well  as 
at  several  places  in  clay-slate  near  the  summit  of  the 
range,  in  the  central  and  northern  part  of  Dos  An- 
geles county.  Very  scattered  and  isolated  deposits 
occur  in  Ventura,  Santa  Barbara,  San  Luis  Obispo, 
Monterey  and  Santa  Cruz  counties.  la  Monterey 
paying  veins  have  been  found  near  the  coast  at  Dos 
Burros,  sandstone  being  mentioned  as  the  country 
rock.  A  short  distance  north  of  Santa  Cruz  a  few 
gold-quartz  veins  are  said  to  occur  in  unaltered  sedi- 
mentary formations.  In  Kern  county  there  is  a  line 
of  paying  veins  with  a  northeasterly  strike,  extend- 
ing from  Kernville  to  Tehachipi  pass.  Granitic 
rocks  predominate,  but  contain  a  number  of  smaller 
schist  areas,  with  which  the  gold  deposits  appear  to 
be  associated.  The  locality  is  of  interest  on  account 
of  the  number  of  hot  springs  occurring  near  the 
veins.  Tulare  county  contains  but  few  quartz  veins, 
but  placer  diggings  are  found  along  several  of  the 
rivers. 

In  Fresno  county,  again,  several  streaks  and 
smaller  areas  of  schists  and  slates  occur  in  the  main 
granitic  mass;  again,  the  quartz  veins,  which  here 
attain  greater  importance,  are  closely  associated 
with  the  former,  though  not  exclusively  occurring  in 
them.  Continuing  northward  for  about  fifteen  miles 
to  Mariposa,  these  belts  of  schists  and  slates  sud- 
denly widen,  and  at  the  same  time  begin  to  contain 
numerous  and  rich  quartz  veins.  Between  this  re- 
gion and  the  lava  fields  of  the  north  lie  the  most  pro- 
ductive gold-mining  regions  of  California. 

The  western  slope  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  is  from 
here  northward  occupied  by  a  gradually  widening 
belt  of  rocks,  to  which  the  name  "  metamorphic 
scries"  is  usually  given.  It  attains  its  maximum 
width  in  Butte  and  Plumas  counties  and  continues 
across  northwestern  California  and  southwestern 
<  >regon  to  the  Pacific  ocean.  The  eastern  part  and 
the  summit  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  are  still  occupied 
by  the  continuation  of  the  southern  granitic  area, 
bordering  upon  the  "  metamorphic  series,"  with  an 
irregular  and  jagged  contact  line,  along  which  evi- 
dence of  the  later  origin  and  intrusive  character  of 
the  granite  may  be  frequently  observed.  The  ' '  meta- 
morphic series,"  sometimes  also  referred  to  collect- 
ively as  the  "  auriferous  slates,"  is  a  very  complex 
mass  of  rocks.  It  consists  largely  of  more  or  less 
altered  and  highly  compressed  sediments,  of  an  age 
ranging  from  early  Paleozoic  to  late  Jurassic,  and 
bearing  evidence  of  having  been  subjected  to  several 
mountain-building  disturbances.  Associated  with 
these  sediments  are  igneous  masses — augite-por- 
phyrite,  diabase,  serpentine,  etcetera — also  ranging 
in  age  from  Paleozoic  to  late  Mesozoic,  though  the 
greater  mass  of  them  appear  to  date  from  late 
Jurassic  or  early  Cretaceous   time.     To   a  consider- 


able extent  these  igneous  rocks  have  been  acted  on 
by  the  dynamo-metamorphic  processes,  which  also 
affected  the  sedimentary  rocks,  ami  are  largely 

verted  into  crystalline  schists.  It  may  be  said  in 
general  that  the  sedimentary  rocks  prevail  in  the 
eastern  part  of  the  metamorphic  belt,  while  along 
the  great  valley  basic,  igneous  rocks  are  found  in 
the  greatest  abundance.  The  granitic  rocks  of  the 
high  Sierra  Nevada  are  to  a  large  extent  granodia 
rita,  the  name  adopted  on  the  survey  maps  for  a 
quart/,  miea-dioiitc  containing  more  or  less  ortho- 
clase.  In  the  metamorphic  series  there  are  many 
smaller  masses  of  the  same  rock — the  latest  intru- 
sions— which  are  usually  but  little  affected  by  dyna- 
mo-metamorphic processes. 

The  intimate  connection  of  the  gold  deposits  with 
the  metamorphic  series  or  the  auriferous  slates  has 
been  recognized  for  a  long  time,  and  Professor 
Whitney  emphasizes  it  repeatedly  in  his  works.  The 
auriferous  region,  indeed,  corresponds  closely  with 
the  extent  of  the  metamorphic  series.  Even  in  the 
south,  where  the  granitic  rocks  predominate,  it  has 
been  shown  that  the  gold  deposits  are  usually  con- 
nected with  the  shattered  schist  areas.  Few  gold- 
quartz  veins  are  found  in  the  granitic  area,  and  then 
usually  near  the  contact.  Within  the  typical  gold- 
bearing  region  the  veins  are  distributed  with  re- 
markable impartiality,  and  occur  in  almost  any  of 
the  great  variety  of  rocks  which  make  up  the  meta- 
morphic series.  They  are  found  in  granite,  diorite, 
granodiorite,  gabbro  and  serpentine;  in  quartz-por- 
phyrite,  augite  or  hornblende- porphyrite  and  dia- 
base; in  amphibolite  and  other  dynamo-metamor- 
phosed rocks;  in  sedimentary,  more  or  less  altered 
slates,  sandstones  and  limestones.  In  Tertiary  vol- 
canie  rocks  gold  deposits  are  only  found  on  the  east- 
ern slope  of  the  range.  It  is  apparently  impossible 
to  formulate  any  law  as  to  their  lithologlc  occurrence 
or  to  say  that  they  prevail  in  any  one  kind  of  rock  in 
the  metamorphic  series. 

Regarding  the  quartz  veins  of  California,  F.  von 
Richthofen  has  made  a  frequently  quoted  statement, 
which  in  a  certain  sense  may  be  correct,  but  which, 
unless  qualified,  is  apt  to  lead  to  grave  errors.  It  is 
as  follows: 

The  auriferous  quart/,  veins  "  have  in  their  occurrence 
clearly  discernible  connection  with  the  extension  of  the 
granite.  They  are  crowded  closely  at  its  contact  with  the 
metamorphic  rocks,  and  occur  here  partly  in  the  former, 
partly  in  the  latter.  The  greater  the  distance  from  the 
granite,  the  rarer  they  become  in  the  metamorphic  rocks,  and 
only  occur  as  an  exception  where  the  influence  of  the  out- 
cropping granite  would  not  be  expected  on  account  of  its  dis- 
tance. In  the  same  way  they  become  less  frequent  in  the 
granitic  regions  as  the  distance  from  the  contact  increases, 
and  are,  as  a  rule,  entirely  lacking  in  the  interior  of  the  large 
granite  masses." 

This  statement  cannot  be  accepted  for  the  main 
granitic  contact,  which,  on  the  contrary,  except 
near  Sonora,  is  remarkably  barren  of  important 
deposits.  In  the  larger  part  of  the  gold  region  a 
wide  belt  of  Paleozoic  slates,  comparatively  poor  in 
gold  deposits,  separates  this  contact  from  the  prin- 
cipal gold-producing  districts.  In  very  many  places, 
however,  the  contact  clearly  marks  the  abrupt  be- 
ginning of  auriferous  deposits,  though  perhaps  poor 
and  of  small  extent.  The  sudden  change  of  recent 
and  Tertiary  river-beds  from  barren  to  auriferous 
when  cutting  across  the  contact  is  often  very  notice- 
able. 

Though  not  applicable  to  the  main  granitic  con- 
tact, the  statement  quoted  is  to  a  certain  degree 
true  of  the  smaller  masses  of  granodiorite  scattered 
through  the  metamorphic  series,  for  it  is  very  com- 
mon to  find  the  gold-quartz  veins  clustered  near 
their  contacts  in  the  manner  indicated.  It  is  not  so 
general,  however,  as  to  be  called  a  rule  or  a  law,  for 
there  are  many  included  granitic  masses  the  contacts 
of  which  are  in  no  way  remarkable  for  abundant  de- 
posits. 

Dr.  W.  Moericke,  who  has  recently  published  sev- 
eral very  interesting  papers  on  the  gold  deposits  of 
Chile,  has  come  to  the  conclusion  that  they  are 
closely  associated  with  acid,  igneous  rocks,  and 
drawn  a  comparison  between  the  occurrences  of  that 
country  and  California.  In  view  of  this,  it  may  be 
well  to  emphasize  the  fact  that  the  gold-quartz  veins 
of  California  do  not  in  their  surface  relation  show  any 
remarkable  dependence  on  acid,  igneous  rocks.  The 
great  mother  lode,  for  instance,  is  in  location  and 
occurrence  of  its  ores  in  no  way  related  to  such  rocks, 
they  being,  on  the  contrary,  as  a  rule,  distant 
from  it. 

Normal  gold-quartz  veins  in  diabase  and  augite- 
porphyrite  sometimes  occur  far  away  from  other 
rocks,  although  the  larger  areas  of  the  former  are, 
on  the  whole,  rather  barren. 

Before  beginning  the  discussion  of  the  character- 
istics of  the  deposits,  their  age  may  be  briefly 
touched  upon.  It  has  long  been  apparent  and  in- 
sisted upon  by  Whitney,  von  Richthofen  and  others 
that  the  quartz  veins  of  California  are  of  late  Jurassic 
or  early  Cretaceous  age,  and  the  same  authors  have 
suggested  that  they  probably  owe  their  origin  to 
thermal'  action  following  the  granitic  intrusion.  For 
the  larger  number  of  the  quartz  veins  this  is  un- 
doubtedly true.  It  is  certain  that  the  majority  were 
formed  subsequent  to  the  latest  dynamo-meta- 
morphism  of  the  sedimentary  and  old  eruptive  rocks 
of  the  Sierra  Nevada,  subsequent  also  to  the  granitic 
intrusion.     It  is,  however,  also  certain  that  some  de- 


posits antedate  ibis  period,  for  in  the  latest  sedi- 
mentary member  of  the  bedrook  -erics  there  are  con- 
glomerates containing  quartz  pebbles  and  free  gold, 
which  appears  to  have  been  concentrated  as  placer 
gold  at  tlie  time  tlie  conglomerates  were  formed.  It. 
does  not  appear  easy  to  separate  the  earlier  deposits 
from  the  later,  but  it  is  propable  that  they  were 
neither  very  numerous  nor  very  rich. 

Again,  the  eruptive  activity  of  late  Tertiary  time 
which  was  centered  along  the  summit  and  on  the 
eastern  slope  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  was  followed  by 
another  period  of  thermal  activity,  and  another  line 
of  gold  deposits  was  formed.  This  intermittently  re 
cuning  action  confirms  von  Rich  thofen's  generaliza- 
tion that  a  region  once  metalliferous  is  always 
metalliferous.  Successive  eruptions  in  such  vicinity 
produce  successive  mineral  deposits,  while  other 
eruptive  centers  are  wholly  barren  of  them. 

It  is  desirable  to  eliminate  a  few  deposits  of  a  dif- 
ferent type  from  the  prevailing  one.  -Most  important 
among  them  are  the  impregnations,  of  which  several 
examples  occur  in  the  Sierra  Nevada  and  which  may 
be  of  two  types:  First,  zones  containing  grains  of 
iron  pyrites  disseminated  in  fresh  dynamo-meta- 
morphic amphibolitic  schists.  Those  zones  are 
seldom  strongly  auriferous,  but  may  enrich  quartz 
veins  passing  through  them,  and  are  apparently 
similar  to  the  so-called  "  fablbands  in  crystalline 
schists.  These  deposits  are  distinctly  older  than  the 
principal  quartz  veins  and  contemporaneous  with  the 
dynamo-metamorphism  which  produced  the  schists 
from  the  diabase  and  other  rocks.  Second,  impreg- 
nations of  later  date  forming  irregular  zones,  in 
which  the  massive  rocks  or  schists  have  been  decom- 
posed and  filled  with  secondary  auriferous  sulphides. 
These  deposits  are  probably  contemporaneous  with 
the  principal  period  of  vein  filling,  and  only  a  phase 
of  it,  in  which  the  solutions,  instead  of  following  dis- 
tinct fissures,  permeated  whole  masses  -of  rocks. 
The  first  of  these  types  of  impregnation  is  not  of 
great  economic  importance,  but  the  second  some- 
times affords  large  masses  of  low-grade  ores. 

Regarding  the  structural  relations  of  the  normal 
gold-quartz  veins  it  should  first  be  stated  that  they 
are  fissure  veins,  and  emphatically  not  so-called  seg- 
regated veins  or  "  lenticular  masses"  in  the  aurif- 
erous slates. 

It  is  everywhere  plain  and  evident  that  the  fissures 
have  been  broken  open  subsequently  to  the  meta- 
morphism  of  the  rocks.  These  post-Jurassic  and 
post-granitic  quartz  veins  form  the  latest  chapter  in 
the  Mesozoic  revolution  in  the  Sierra  Nevada. 

Neither  Whitney  nor  von  Richthofen  commit  them- 
selves to  an  expression  of  the  ' '  segregated  "  nature 
of  the  veins.  A.  Phillips,  in  his  book  on  mineral  de- 
posits, mentions  their  affinity  to  fissure  veins,  al- 
though classing  them  as  "segregated  veins."  All 
these  writers,  however,  state  that  the  veins  nearly 
always  conform  in  strike  and  dip  to  the  inclosing 
slates.  This  has  evidently  led  the  authors  of  recent 
text  books  to  class  the  California  veins  as  "segre- 
gated." Thus  Professor  J.  F.  Kemp,  in  his  "Ore 
Deposits  of  the  United  States,"  classes  them  as  such 
with  some  doubt,  while  Professor  R.  S.  Tarr,  in  his 
"Economic  Geology  of  the  United  States,"  thinks 
that  "  in  spite  of  the  recent  observations  (by  H.  W. 
Fairbanks),  it  still  seems  as  though  these  quartz 
veins  must  be  of  segregation  origin." 

Quartz  veins  like  those  Professor  Tarr  has  in 
mind,  formed  by  a  sort  of  dynamo-metamorphic  proc- 
ess, I  am  quite  sure  do  not  exist  in  the  gold  belt. 
The  somewhat  auriferous  "fahlbands"  in  certain 
amphibolites  approach  nearest  his  conception.  I  am 
by  no  means  prepai-ed  to  deny,  however,  that  there 
may  be  some  minor  ore  bodies  deposited  in  openings 
in  the  slate  from  silicious  solutions  derived  from  the 
immediately  surrounding  rocks;  but  if  they  occur, 
they  are  surely  exceptions  to  the  general  rule.  In 
altered  quartzose  slates,  nodules  and  lenses  of  quartz 
seemingly  of  such  origin  frequently  occur  on  a  small 
scale. 

This  rule  of  "parallelism  with  inclosing  slates" 
must  unquestionably  be  rejected  in  a  general  descrip- 
tion of  the  veins.  It  should  first  be  pointed  out  that 
a  very  large  number  of  veins,  especially  in  the 
northern  part  of  the  gold  belt,  from  Placer  to  Butte 
county,  do  not  occur  in  slates  or  schists,  but  in  mas- 
sive rocks,  such  as  diabase,  granodiorite  or  gabbro, 
and  among  these  a  predominating  direction  of  dip 
and  strike  does  not  exist.  In  slates  and  schists  the 
veins  often  strike  about  parallel  to  the  slaty  cleav- 
age— that  is,  northerly  or  northwesterly — but  other 
directions  are  nearly  as  common.  Only  very  excep- 
tionally is  there  a  strict  parallelism  in  both  strike 
and  dip.  The  great  mother  lode,  for  instance,  is 
parallel  to  the  strike  of  inclosing  rocks,  but  differs 
not  inconsiderably  from  them  in  dip.  Its  character 
of  fissure  vein  is  clear  and  unquestionable,  and  has 
been  justly  insisted  upon  by  H.  W.  Fairbanks.  All 
directions  and  all  dips  are  in  fact  represented  among 
the  California  quartz  veins,  only  dips  below  20°  and 
above  70°  are  comparatively  rare.  A  general  rule 
for  strike  and  dip  cannot  be  given;  different  laws 
guide  them  in  different  mining  districts.  The  quartz 
veins  are  the  expression  of  the  greater  and  minor 
strains  to  which  the  Sierra  Nevada  has  been  sub- 
jected, and  a  study  of  the  former  will,  to  a  consider- 
able degree,  illustrate  the  latter,  which  have  cer- 
tainly varied  in  intensity  and  direction  from  point  to 


182 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  23,  1895. 


point.  Thus,  to  pick  out  a  few  illustrating  examples, 
the  veins  of  Ophir,  Placer  county,  consist  of  two 
principal  systems — one  set  of  veins  running  west- 
northwest  and  dipping  south,  while  the  other  has  a 
west-southwest  strike  and  southerly  dip,  both  cut- 
ting the  surrounding  schists  obliquely  to  their  strike 
and  dip.  At  Grass  Valley  and  Nevada  City  there  is 
one  system  with  a  general  northerly  direction  and 
dipping  either  east  or  west;  another  system  courses 
east  and  west  and  dips  north  or  south  at  varying 
angles.  The  surrounding  rocks  are  here  mostly 
massive.  The  veins  in  the  vicinity  of  Sierra  Buttes, 
Sierra  county,  show  the  greatest  divergencies  in 
strike  and  dip.  Equally  variable  are  the  veins  about 
Sonora,  Tuolumne  county. 

The  force  producing  these  fissures  appears  in  most 
cases  to  have  been  a  compressive  stress  acting  at  an 
angle  more  or  less  oblique  to  the  horizontal.  In  some 
cases  this  force  produced  one  large  and  prominent 
fracture,  but  far  more  commonly  one  or  several 
series  of  fractures,  or  a  sheeting  of  the  country  rock 
along  which  the  auriferous  solutions  could  circulate. 
Along  the  larger  fissures  considerable  movement  has 
taken  place;  but  when  the  country  rock  has  been 
sheeted,  the  motion  along  the  individual  joints  has 
probably  not  been  very  great.  In  many  cases,  when 
the  direction  of  the  movement  could  be  proved,  it  has 
been  found  that  a  relative  upward  movement  of  the 
hanging  wall  has  taken  place.  The  force  did  not 
produce  a  single,  sudden  and  catastrophic  movement; 
on  the  contrary,  it  continued  for  a  long  time,  result- 
ing in  repeated  dislocations,  as  proved  by  the  re- 
opening and  refilling  of  some  veins  and  by  a  sheeting 
of  some  veins,  producing  what  is  usually  described 
as  "  ribbon  rock."  Recemented  quartz  breccias 
are  also  of  common  occurrence. 

I  should  here  like  to  mention  one  misleading  cir- 
cumstance relating  to  parallelism  of  vein  and  country 
rock.  When  larger  fissures  are  opened  in  massive 
rocks  it  is  not  at  all  uncommon  to  find  the  immedi- 
ately adjoining  wall  rock  converted  entirely  locally 
into  schists  parallel  to  the  fissure,  under  the  influ- 
ence of  the  enormous  shearing  stress  to  which  it  has 
been  subjected.  Such  veins  would  have  the  appear- 
ance of  cropping  in  pre-existing  schist  masses  and  of 
parallelism  in  strike  and  dip  with  these.  The  con- 
clusion to  be  derived  from  the  relation  of  the  veins  to 
the  larger,  regionally  metamorphosed  schist  masses 
is  that  the  schistose  structure  antedates  the  forma- 
tion of  the  vein  fissures,  and  that  the  forces  to  which 
these  fissures  are  due,  while  bearing  a  general  simi- 
larity to  those  manifested  in  the  cleavage,  often  dif- 
fered from  them  in  direction  to  a  sensible  extent- 
Different  rocks  influence  the  character  of  the  fis- 
sures to  some  extent.  In  massive  rocks  they  are 
apt  to  be  straight,  clear  cut  and  well  defined;  in 
slates  and  serpentines  there  is  often  a  tendency  to 
splinter  into  a  network  of  cracks  and  fissures,  ex- 
tremely small,  but  often  very  rich.  In  such  cases, 
the  whole  mass,  country  rock  and  vein,  may  be  ex- 
tracted and  milled.  Linked  veins  are  common,  and 
chambered  veins  sometimes  occur. 

Very  long  and  continuous  veins  are  not  common, 
and  in  this  respect  the  mother  lode  is  rather  an  ex- 
ception. Only  rarely  can  a  quartz  vein  be  traced 
more  than  a  few  miles,  and  many  important  veins 
crop  out  only  for  a  short  distance. 
(T>>  be  f 'onUnked.) 


Labor  as  a  Factor  in   Manufacturing. 


Personal. 

Lieut.  C.  C.  Gillette  has  returned  from  an  official  visit  to 
Shasta  Co. 

Geo.  Johnson  is  visiting  Montana  in  the  interest  of  his 
concentrator. 

D.  B.  Huntley  is  now  managing  mining  properties  in  the 
Mercur,  Utah,  district. 

A.  B.  Champion,  a  clever  newspaper  man,  has  assumed  edi- 
torial charge  of  the  Grass  Valley  Union. 

I.  B.  Hammond  is  in  Butte.  Montana,  supervising  the  con- 
struction of  the  Diamond  Hill  forty-stamp  mill. 

E.  C.  Crellbr,  formerly  superintendent  of  the  Idaho,  is  in- 
specting New  Mexico  mining  property  for  New  York  men. 

William  P.  St.  ArnrnN,  one  of  the  owners  of  the  Niagara 
mine,  has  taken  his  Bible  and  a  copy  of  "King  Solomon's 
Mines,1' by  H.  Rider  Haggard,  and  has  gone  to  South  Africa 
to  look  for  the  lost  mines  of  the  aforesaid  King  Solomon. 


Books  Received. 

11  Finance's  Primer,"  by  M.  P.  Boss,  San  Francisco. 

"Recent  Inventions  for  the  Reduction  of  Ores,"  by  J.  Silver- 
smith, Chicago. 

"  Magnesia— Its  Base  and  Compounds,"  by  Henry  G.  Hanks, 
San  Francisco. 

"Sampling  and  Measurement  of  Ore  Bodies  in  Mine  Exam- 
inations," by  Edmund  B.  Kirby. 

"Transactions  of  the  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engi- 
neers :  "  The  Tin  Deposits  of  Duvaugo,  Mexico,  by  W.  R.  Inr 
galls;  Close  Sizing  Before  Jigging,  by  R.  H.  Richards;  Coal 
Dust  as  an  Explosive  Agent,  by  D.  M.  D.  Stuart;  The  White 
Phosphates  of  Tennessee,  by  C.  W.  Hayes;  A  Water-Cooling 
Apparatus,  by  C.  Henrich;  Aluminum  Bronze,  by  L.  Waldo; 
Nickel  Mine  at  Lancaster  Gap,  Pa.,  by  .1.  F.  Kemp;  Nomen- 
clature of  Zinc  Ores,  by  W.  R.  Ingalls";  Inaccuracy  of  the  Com- 
mercial Assay  for  Silver,  by  C.  A-  Stetefeldt;  Iron  Ores"  of 
East  Texas,  by  W.  Kennedy;  Cinnabar  in  Texas,  by  W.  P. 
Blake ;  Dikes  and  Reefs  of  Bendigo,  by  T.  A-  Rickard ;  Genesis 
of  Ore  Deposits,  by  Jos.  Le  Coute;  Niokol  and  Niokel  Steel, 
i     I     i ,.  gpevr-y  ,  Qsolugvof  California  Quart?  VfilllS :  iTHFflBBte 

,.■    ■      ||]    •!.,.    J     ;,.,   ,■,      ■    ,.>.,,!,,       ;-■      ft       |  ,  j  „  ,  j  g  |*fl , , 


James  Spiehs,  Fulton  Engineering  and  Ship-Building  Works. 
The  manufacturing  industry  on  this  coast  stands  in  the 
same  relation  to  that  of  the  East  as  the  manufacturers  of  the 
United  States  do  to  those  of  Europe,  with  the  important  dif- 
ference that  the  manufacturers  of  the  United  States  are  pro- 
tected against  those  of  Europe  by  a  protective  tariff  and  by 
prohibition  in  building  vessels  for  the  coasting  trade,  while 
we  as  against  the  East  are  not.  In  many  cases  protection  is 
unnecessary,  but  in  many  others  it  is  essential ;  and  in  regard 
to  the  building  of  vessels,  if  those  of  foreign  build  were  al- 
lowed to  do  coastwise  trade,  that  industry  would  be  entirely 
destroyed. 

In  manufacturing  on  this  coast  the  only  protection  that  we 
have  is  the  difference  between  the  freight  rate  on  the  raw 
material  which  we  obtain  from  the  East  and  that  on  the  manu- 
factured articles.  The  cost  of  any  manufactured  article  is 
practically  the  labor  which  has  produced  it.  Various  metals 
or  other  materials  may  enter  into  its  composition,  but,  in 
either  case,  the  fact  remains  the  same,  that  the  cost  of  the 
labor  to  produce  it  virtually  makes  its  value.  Take  a  piece  of 
machinery,  for  instance :  The  material  in  it  is  iron,  steel, 
brass,  copper,  babbitt  or  other  alloys,  and  wood.  The  cost  of 
the  entire  material  in  its  native  condition  is  insignificant. 
The  ore  from  which  the  steel  and  iron  are  produced,  while  lying 
in  Mother  Earth  unexposed,  has  but  little  value.  When  time 
and  labor  are  used  to  discover  the  ore  body  and  afterwards  to 
sink  the  shaft  from  which  the  ore  is  taken,  you  add  to  the 
value  of  the  underlying  metal.  When  it  reaches  the  surface 
of  the  mine  more  has  been  added  to  its  value,  due  to  the  labor 
of  mining.  The  labor  of  taking  it  from  the  mine's  mouth  to 
the  furnace,  with  all  the  details  of  smelting  and  converting  it 
into  pig  iron,  still  further  adds  to  its  value.  When,  after  this, 
it  is  made  into  castings,  into  wrought  iron,  or  converted  into 
steel,  its  value  is  still  further. increased  by  labor.  Labor 
then  again  takes  hold  of  it  aud  converts  it  into  the  different 
parts  of  a  machine.  The  same  is  true  in  regard  to  all  other 
metals  and  their  alloys.  The  same  is  also  true  in  regard  to 
any  wood  that  is  used  in  the  construction  of  machinery  or 
other  manufactures.  When  growing  in  the  forest  its  value  is 
insignificant. 

From  the  foregoing  statement  it  will  be  seen  that  when  a 
machine  is  produced  its  cost  may  be  said  to  consist  almost  en- 
tirely of  labor,  plus  the  slight  value  of  the  material  of  which 
it  is  made  when  in  its  native  condition. 

The  cost  of  transportation  of  material  from  one  place  to  an- 
other, if  analyzed,  will  also  prove  to  be  that  of  labor,  so  that 
when  a  piece  of  machinery  is  built  in  any  of  our  workshops  it 
represents  the  value  of  the  labor  put  upon  it,  and  the  differ- 
ence between  that  and  the  price  for  which  it  is  sold  represents 
the  profit  to  the  manufacturer,  or,  in  other  words,  his  labor. 
In  the  case  of  patented  articles  the  difference  between  the 
value  of  the  labor  and  the  selling  price  is  the  manufacturer's 
profit,  or  his  labor,  and  also  a  royalty  due  to  the  patent. 

Precious  metals,  the  value  of  which  is  due  to  their  scarcity, 
etc.,  are  not  considered  here. 

On  this  coast  a  great  deal  of  the  material  which  we  use 
comes  from  the  East  and  has  already  acquired  a  value  due  to 
the  labor  of  its  production,  with  that  of  transportation  added, 
so  that  when  we  take  hold  of  it  its  value  is  more  to  us,  by  the 
cost  of  freight,  than  to  our  brother  manufacturers  in  the  East. 
Fuel  also  is  higher  in  value,  due  to  the  long  distance  of 
transportation.  As  this  is  a  large  lumber-producing  State, 
the  cost  price  of  the  same  should  be  in  our  favor.  The  cost  of 
transportation  of  the  raw  material,  as  a  rule,  is  less  than  that 
of  manufactured  articles  and  therefore  somewhat  in  our  favor. 
On  the  coast  of  California  an  artisan  can  do  more  work  than 
he  can  in  any  of  the  Eastern  manufacturing  centers,  on  ac- 
count of  our  superior  climatic  conditions.  The  cost  of  labor 
here  is  from  30%  to  25%  greater  than  that  in  the  Atlantic 
States.  This  higher  cost  of  labor  is  an  inheritance  from  the 
early  gold-mining  period,  when  we  had  no  transcontinental 
railroad  by  which  the  Eastern  manufacturers  could  pour  their 
goods  into  the  State,  the  only  means  of  transportation  then 
being  by  the  Isthmus  of  Panama,  delivering  goods  in  sixty 
days  from  New  York,  at  large  freight  rates,  and  by  the  route 
of  sailing  vessels  around  Cape  Horn,  forming  an  excellent  pro- 
lection  to  our  home  industries.  Under  such  conditions  no 
large  orders  for  machinery  and  but  little  for  specialties  were 
sent  East,  while  our  own  manufacturers  were  kept  busy, 
yielding  fair  profits  to  them  and  good  wages  to  our  working- 
men.  It  is  quite  different  now.  With  cheap  and  quick  trans- 
portation the  Eastern  manufacturers,  whose  material  and 
labor  cost  less,  can  pour  their  goods  into  this  city,  ever  the  en- 
tire coast  and  into  the  interior  of  the  State.  The  extra  cost 
of  the  material  from  the  East  is  fully  offset  by  the  freight  on 
the  manufactured  article. 

Our  climatic  conditions  and  other  minor  advantages  are  in 
our  favor,  though  not  enough  to  offset  the  less  cost  of  Eastern 
labor,  proof  of  which  is  to  be  seen  in  the  warehouses  of  our 
importers  and  on  the  sidewalks  in  front  of  their  premises. 

If  any  one  will  go  into  our  large  establishments  using  ma- 
chinery, including  engines,  boilers,  etc.,  he  will  find  that 
nearly  all  are  of  Eastern  manufacture. 

The  other  day  we  happened  into  an  establishment  using  five 
Corliss  engines.  We  found  one  of  California  manufacture, 
built  several  years  ago.  All  the  others  were  built  East.  The 
boilers  were  all  of  Eastern  manufacture.  The  machinery  of 
that  establishment  would  have  kept  a  shop  of  fair  size  run- 
ning six  months  in  the  building  of  their  machiuei'y.  The 
Electric  Light  Company  of  this  city  has  one  or  two  engines 
that  were  built  here,  but  all  the  engines  put  in  during  the 
last  few  years  are  of  Eastern  manufacture  and  of  such  mag- 
nitude that  they  would  keep  one  of  our  large  shops  running 
for  one  year  without  other  work.  There  is  much  more  ma- 
chinery of  Eastern  manufacture  -sold  here  than  would  keep 
our  shops  busy  the  whole  year  round,  giving  steady,  instead 
of  occasional,  employment,  aiding  our  industrial  population 
and  retaining  the  money  on  the  coast  that  is  now  sent  East, 
instead  of  which  our  work-shops  are  reduced  to  the  condition 
of  jobbing  shops,  picking  up  the  crumbs  left  after  the  Eastern 
manufacturers  have  had  their  fill.  The  question  of  greatest 
importance  in  l  he  discussion  of  this  subject  is  that  of  labor. 
In  the  manufacture  of  any  article  all  engaged  in  it  ought  to 
have  an  equal  share.  The  raw  material  demands  so  much. 
The  artisan  or  other  workingman  should  have  his  share  and  the 
manufacturer  his,  as  well  as  a  reasonable  interest  on  the 
money  invested.  With  these  properly  adjusted  there  should 
then  be  no  hindrance  to  our  manufacturing  prosperity  and  the 
welfare  of  all  engaged  in  it. 

Do  we  wish  to  manufacture  for  our  requirements  or  would 
we  rather  send  away  our  money  to  obtain  the  manufactured 
article  from  the  East  i  If  we  wish  to  manufacture  we  will 
have  to  do  so  at  a  price  to  meet  that  of  the  East,  with  freight 
added,  and  the  question  is,  How  are  we  to  bring  this  about? 

As  already  stated,  the  material  and  merchandise  purchased 
for  manufacturing  costs  so  much ;  the  balance  is  labor  and  the 
manufacturer's  profit.  These  last  two  items  should  be 
equitably  divided,  so  that  the  laborer  will  receive  his  share 
and  the  manufacturer  his.  If  the  manufacturer  claims  too 
much,  then  the  laborer  unjustly  suffers.  On  the  other  hand, 
if  the  laborer  claims  too  much,  the  manufacturer  cannot  go  on 
aud  business  will  suffer;  but  if  equitably  divided  then  both 
will  succeed.  At  the  present  time  it  is  impossible  to  compete 
with  the  East  in  building  a  large  class  of  machinery  now 
brought  here,  and  until  such  a  time  as  labor  is  brought  ap? 
proximately  to  an  equality  with  that  of  the  East  efforts  in 
fhat  direction  will  be  unsuccessful, 

0'iihi  wc  prot&tr  wǤIYe9  agftlnsl  Hh  Pfoaj  by  a  tsvlffj 


the  discussion  of  this  question  would  be  unnecessary.  This  is 
a  question  on  which  the  manufacturers  dislike  to  publicly  ex- 
press themselves,  and  it  is  done  here  with  all  due  respect  t,o 
the  workingman.  It  would  please  us  just  as  much,  if  not 
more,  to  have  the  wages  paid  to  the  workingmen  in  the  East 
raised  rather  than  have  the  same  reduced  here,  but  if  we  are 
to  succeed  an  equality,  or  nearly  so,  is  essential.  If  such  a 
condition  should  be  brought  about  so  that  mechanics  would 
have  constant  instead  of  occasional  employment,  they  would, 
on  the  average  for  the  whole  year,  earn  more  at  a  lower  rate 
of  wages  than  they  have  done  in  the  past  at  a  greater.  Such 
a  condition  would  also  bring  about  a  cheaper  price  for  the 
commodities  of  life,  including  rent,  fuel,  etc.  The  cost  of 
living  to  the  workingman  is  very  important.  With  the  excep- 
tion of  rent  and  fuel  living  is  as  cheap  here,  and  in  the  case  of 
many  articles,  cheaper  than  in  the  East.  Rents  within  the 
last  few  years  have  been  considerably  reduced,  and  we  do  not 
think  it  will  be  a  long  time  before  they  will  be  as  low  here  as 
anywhere  in  the  United  States.  Fuel,  for  some  time  to  come, 
we  think  will  remain  higher,  but  less  is  required  on  account 
of  warmer  winters.  With  the  condition  of  less  cost  our 
workshops  can  take  up  specialities  instead  of  doing  a  little  of 
everything  in  the  line  of  mechanics,  which  will  be  a  great  re- 
lief to  their  management.  At  the  present  time  as  much  brain 
work  is  required  in  conducting  one  of  our  shops  as  is  needed 
in  half  a  dozen  of  those  in  the  East  whore  they  make  special- 
ties. 

To  relieve  the  severe  strain  upon  the  employer,  with  rea- 
sonable compensation  for  his  labor— to  give  constant  employ- 
ment to  the  workingman  at  a  rate  of  wages  which  would  be 
just— I  think  that  if  representatives  of  each  would  come 
together  and  discuss  the  subject  with  their  mutual  interests 
in  view,  that  the  question  could  be  settled  profitably  and 
satisfactorily  to  all  interested  and  enable  California,  instead 
of  pouring  out  her  vitality  in  coin  sent  to  others  to  supply  her 
wants,  to  build  up  her  own  industries  by  her  own  hands. 


Utilization  of  Water  Powers. 


Abstract  of  a  paper  read  before  the  Manufacturers'  Convention,  last 

Wednesday,  by  A.  P.  Brayton,  President  of  the  Pelton 

Water  Wheel  Company. 

There  is  no  subject  so  vital  to  the  manufacturing  interests 
of  the  country  as  cheap  power.  It  is  the  one  thing  absolutely 
essential  to  success  in  any  enterprise  of  this  character.  The 
great  industrial  centers  of  the  world  are  all  located  either  in 
close  proximity  to  a  water  power  or  where  cheap  coal  is  avail- 
able. 

Manufacturing  in  this  State,  it  is  well  known,  has  been 
carried  on  at  a  great  disadvantage  on  account  of  the  high  cost 
of  coal,  a  condition  which,  after  the  lapse  of  more  than  forty 
years,  has  not  materially  improved,  and  there  is  still  but 
little  to  hope  for  in  this  direction.  It  is  evident,  therefore, 
that  some  other  resource  must  be  had  for  cheap  power,  to 
afford  encouragement  to  our  manufacturing  interests. 

The  Pacific  coast  has  a  magnificent  endowment  in  its 
bounteous  water  supply  and  under  conditions  most  favorable 
for  its  development.  Innumerable  streams  are  coursing  their 
way  down  the  mountains,  carrying  sufficient  power,  if  prop- 
erly utilized,  for  every  industrial  enterprise  now  existing  or 
likely  to  be  developed  during  the  next  half  century.  This 
immeasureably  vast  resource  has  not  heretofore  been  availed 
of  to  any  considerable  extent— except  for  mining  purposes — on 
account  of  its  remoteness  from  desirable  points  for  carrying 
on  manufacturing  operations. 

The  wonderful  progress  recently  made  in  electric,  power 
transmission  makes  it  possible  now  to  avail  of  water  power  a 
distance  of  fifty  miles  or  more  from  the  source  of  energy, 
with  comparatively  small  loss  and  with  all  the  reliability  of 
the  most  modern  steam  appliances.  The  prediction  is  made 
by  some  of  our  most  conservative  electricians  that  the  power 
of  Niagara  falls  will  at  no  distant  day  be  carried  to  New 
York  City  and  Chicago,  involving  in  either  case  a  distance  of 
some  500  miles,  and  successfully  compete  with  the  cheap  coal 
obtainable  in  these  localities.  Long  before  power  trans- 
mission such  a  distance  may  he  deemed  practicable,  the 
waters  of  Lake  Tahoe  and  various  streams  from  the 
Sierras  may  be  made  available  for  power  purposes  in  San 
Francisco  and  other  cities  of  the  coast. 

Even  cheap  fuel  cannot  compete  with  water  power,  though 
electrically  transmitted  a  very  considerable  distance.  This 
is  evidenced  from  the  fact  that  power  transmitted  from 
Niagara  falls  to  Buffalo,  twenty  miles  distant,  is  expected  to 
compete  with  steam  produced  from  coal  costing  not  more  than 
Si. 25  per  ton  and  this  with  a  plant  involving  an  outlay  of  up- 
ward of  $4,000,000. 

The  relief  sought  for,  not  only  in  this  State,  but  in  many 
other  localities,  is  to  be  found  in  making  these  vast  sources  of 
energy  available  for  manufacturing  and  mining  purposes  to  a 
much  larger  extent  than  heretofore  and  the  time  is  now  ripe 
for  enterprises  in  this  direction.  There  are  many  accessible 
points  that  can  be  supplied  with  power  so  produced,  involving 
a  comparatively  short  transmission,  which  would  soon  grow 
into  important  manufacturing  centers. 

To  indicate  the  progress  already  made  in  this  way,  as  well 
as  the  fact  that  such  means  of  power  are  in  no  sense  an  ex- 
periment, it  may  be  stated  that  there  are  now  not  less  than 
sixty  electric  transmission  plants  in  operation  west  of  the 
Missouri  river,  run  by  water  power,  some  of  large  capacity, 
and  every  one,  so  far  as  is  known,  has  been  a  most  pronounced 
success,  both  from  an  engineering  and  financial  standpoint. 
A  brief  reference  to  some  of  these  may  be  of  interest  in  this 
connection. 

A  500-H.  P.  plant,  costing  about  §40,000,  was  installed  on  a 
mine  in  the  Cceur  d'Alene  district,  Idaho,  two  years  ago,  and 
the  superintendent  reports  that  the  entire  cost  was  saved  in 
the  first  year's  run.  In  a  plant  of  similar  capacity  at  Ouray, 
Colorado,  involving  a  cost  of  some -?50, 000,  a  saving  of  840,000  a 
year  is  claimed  over  the  cost  of  operating  a  steam  plant.  On 
the  plant  of  theStandard  Mining  Company  at  Bodie,  in  this 
State,  involving  a  transmission  of  thirteen  miles  and  an  ex- 
penditure of  $38,000,  a  saving  of  $2000  per  month  is  reported 
by  the  superintendent.  A  2000-H.  P.  plant,  1o  be  operated 
under  800  feet  head,  involving  a  transmission  of  twenty-three 
miles  and  costing  ?300,000,  is  now  under  construction  near  the 
City  of  Mexico,  the  dividends  on  which,  as  claimed  by  the  in- 
vestors, will  return  the  entire  outlay  in  two  year's  time. 

While  these  references  are  somewhat  excepi  ional  as  to  re- 
turns, it  is  a  fact  beyond  question  that  installations  of  this 
character  have  been  in  the  main  extraordinarily  remunera- 
tive, a  large  number  having  paid  from  twenty-five  to  forty 
per  cent  per  annum  on  the  investment. 

Power  statious,  well  planned  with  reference  to  water  sup- 
ply, distribution  and  the  wants  of  consumers,  afford  a  safe 
and  profitable  outlet  for  much  of  the  idle  capital  accumulating 
in  the  financial  centers  of  the  country.  With  all  the  induce- 
ments offered,  there  has,  however,  been  a  lack  of  confidence 
on  the  part  of  capitalists  in  enterprises  of  this  character,  and 
many  projects  involving  the  utilization  of  water  power  in 
various  localities,  some  of  great  promise  and  importance  in  an 
industrial  sense,  are  languishing  for  want  of  financial  sup- 
port. It  is  to  be  hoped  that  such  investments  may  in  the 
future  find  more  favor,  especially  as  they  are  so  intimately 
connected  with  the  general  welfare  apfl  prosperity  of  ttie  com-, 
m  unity. 

In  the  South  it  used  to  be  said  that  iCotton  U  King." 
With  us  Water  is  King,  aa  it  will  not  only  fertilize  all  the 
barren  plains,  but  If  ijarnee?ed  to  work(  will  turn  ey$ry 
Wheel  of  industry. 


Mai'cli 


I  Kilo 


Mining  and  Scientific  Phes.s. 


183 


Ore-   5ortinj,    in    Colorado. 


of  which  area!  workto-day.    Later  on  the  assistance    immensely,  was  once  abandoned  because  they  said  it 


The  following   by  W.  A    Bray,  is  from   the  Victor 

\  n       i  >i rting,  in  a  large  percentage  of  mining 

operations,  is  one  of  the  most  important  departments 
of  the  work  Astheore  and  the  rock  come  out  of 
the  ground  they  arc  dumped  in  the  sorting-house, 
for  that  purpose. 

tJacb  person  has  a  heavy  iron  casting  -a  worn 
stamp  shoe  -on  which  he  breaks  the  ore.  The  sort- 
in.'  hammer  is  shaped  something  like  the  ham r 

by  stonecutters,  and  is  mad.'  especially  for  the 

work.     Tl Deration  of  sorting  consists jjfsepara 

ling  from  the  waste  the  ore  which  is  rich  enough  to 
nay,  or  the  low-grade  ore  which  is  too  poor  to  pay 
for  shipment  to  the  smelters  or  reduction  works  for 
treatment 

The  good  ore  is  separated  from  the  waste  by  clip- 
ping off  the  poor  portions  of  rock  from  the  good,  or 
rice  versa.  It  requires  a  good  deal  of  skill,  in  most 
,  ages,  to  break  the  pieces  of  ore  and  rock  in  such  a 
,V;,V  so  that  they  ran  be  easily  separated  without 
wasting  much  ore.  Sorting  is  a  trade:  it  is  more 
difficult  according  to  the  character  of  the  ore.  In 
sprtie  eases  the  ore  occurs  in  such  compact  streaks 
that  it  is  easily  separated  from  the  waste,  one  man 
being  able  to  sort  several  tons  per  day.  In  these  in- 
stances the  ore.  after  sorting,  will  be  in  pieces  rang- 
ing in  weigh!  from  two  or  three  ounces  to  several 
pounds.  At  other  times  the  ore  may  be  in  thin 
streaks,  in  a  great  deal  of  waste,  and  will  require 
great  care  in  sorting.  In  these,  after  sorting,  it  will 
be  in  pieces  as  large  as  a  walnut.  In  some  cases  ore 
fcers  can  sort  as  much  ore  as  ten  miners  can 
break  in  the  mine  and  send  to  the  surface;  in  other 
cases  il  may  require  half  a' dozen  sorters  to  dispose 
of  what  one  miner  can  break. 

The  question  of  sorting  is  one  that  cuts  a  very  im- 
portant figure  in  the  profit-and-loss  account  of  many 
mines.  1 1  iis  quite  evident  that  the  expense  of  pre- 
paring the  ore  for  the  market  will  be  a  great  deal 
■<•  per  ton  in  the  mine  where  six  sorters  are  re- 
quired for  each  miner  than  where  it  will  be  if  there 
is  only  one  sorter  for  ten  miners.  This  is  one  of  the 
items  in  mining  accounts  for  which  the  great  majority 
of  our  Eastern  friends  pay  very  dearly  in  learning. 
It  is  very  seldom  that  a  mine  produces  ore  so  free 
from  waste  rock,  and  in  such  quantities  that  it  can 
be  waste,  that  it  will  not  require  sorting.  Mines  of 
this  character,  broken  or  mined  separately,  are  gen- 
erally those  carrying  large  bodies  of  low-grade  ores. 
Rich  ore  generally  occurs  in  small  quantities,  scat- 
tered through  a  great  deal  of  gangue. 

Quartz  vs.   Plater. 


capitalist  was  called  in,  and.  by  the  aid  of  <-.«■ 
porations,  the  Thistle  Shaft,  Bonanza,  Bald  Mountain 

Extension,    Ruby   and   ol  hi  r     h  e •  ■  id   and 

their  stream  of  gold  was  turned  into  the  channels  of 
trade     Most  of  this  time  the  impression 
prevail  that  Sierra  county  was  essentially  a  placer 
couuty;  that,  although  it  had  quartz  in  abundance,  if 
was  supposed  to  be  like   the  early  placers,  shallow, 

or,  to  use  the  miner's  expression.  "  It  didn't  go 
down,     and,  as  a  consequence,  comparatively  little  of 

the  prospecting  has   been   devoted   to  quartz.     On 

this  theory  numbers  of  quartz  mines  have  been 
worked  only  as  long  as  the  ore  could  be  dropped  to 
the  mill,  and  as  soon  as  it  became  necessary  to  sink 
they  were  shut  down,  and  a  failure  in  a  few  instances 
to  find  a  pay  chute  of  ore  on  a  lower  level  has  almost 
confirmed  some  in  the  belief  I  hat  this  fault  is  peculiar 


In  I     0  do  striking  a  barren  spot  in 

it.  but  after  sinking  through  the  barren  spot  the  ore 
was  richei  than  ever.     Downieville  Messenger. 


from  the  early  days  of  Sierra  county  to  this  late 
day  most  of  the  energy  of  the  prospector  and  the 
money  of  the  capitalist  was  devoted  to  the  explora- 
tion and  development  of  placers. 

In  the  very  early  days  this  was  an  easy  matter, 
for  the  reason  that  the  beds  of  the  rivers,  creeks  and 
ravines— their  banks  and  the  shallow  benches  above 
— were  rich  in  gold,  so  that  from  an  ounce  to  a  tin- 
cupful  of  gold  per  day  was  the  ordinary  miner's  luck; 
but  those  days  quickly  passed  and  a  search  for  the 
deep  placers  was  commenced,  when,  by  an  aggrega- 
tion of  large  numbers  of  comparatively  poor  men, 
many  of  the  deep  mines  were  found,  and  the  Monte 
ii'isto.  Fir  Cap,  Bald  Mountain,  Old  Union,  Empire 
and  many  other  drift  mines  were  then  opened,  some 


THE  IIEMDY-NOUBOM  CONCENTRATOR 


j  to  our  quartz  mines:  but  a  moment's  consideration  of 

!  the  matter  will  satisfy  any  one  that  it  is  an  assump- 

I  tion  based  upon  the  exception  and  not  upon  the  rule, 

I  and  the  exceptions  are  taken  from  the  mines  where 

!  the  lowest  tunnel  still  drains  them — where  no  sinking 

\  below    water   level   has.  been   made.     On  the  other 

i  hand,  the  Gold  Bluff,  the  Alaska,  the  Independence, 

,  the   Marguerite    (now    called    the    Tecumseh),     the 

!  Brush   Creek   and  all  of  the  mines  that  have  been 

!  sunk  below  water  level  have  maintained  a  uniform 

richness  of  ore  to  the  bottom  of  the  shaft,   and  in 

every  instance  where  any  of  these  mines  have  shut 

down,  the  cause  has  not  been  for  lacK  of  pay  ore  in 

the  bottom,  but  for  inadequate  machinery  to  handle 

the  hoists  and  pumps. 

We  therefore  contend  that  everything  points  to 
the  fact  that  our  mines  do  go  down,  and  we  believe 
that  much  of  the  prosperity  of  our  county  depends 
upon  the  development  of  our  quartz  mines. 

"One  swallow  does  not  make  a  summer,"  nor  does 
the  fact  that  an  occasional  mine  has  a  barren  spot  in 
it  make  all  the  mines  worthless.  The  far-famed 
Kennedy  mine,  now  down  over  1500  feet  and  yielding 


The  Hendy-Norbom   Concentrator. 

The  machine  herewith  illustrated  belongs  to  the 
ol  concentrators  in  which  an  endless  belt,  mov- 
iug  slowly  uphill,  discharges  the  concentrated  sul 
phurets  over  the  bead  or  highest  end  and  the  tail- 
ings run  down  the  bell  and  discharge  at  the  tail  or 
lower  end.  li  has  been  customary  to  give  to  this 
class  of  concentrators  or  vanners  a  shaking  or  per- 
cussion motion,  caused  either  bj  eccentrics  or 
cranks  operated  on  a  revolving  shaft   placed  either 

on  the  side  or  in  front  of  the  shaking  frani"  on  which 
the  rollers  carrying  the  moving  belt  rest.  The  prin- 
ciple upon  which 
these  machines  con- 
cent rate  is  by  giving 
a  percussion  motion 
to  the  belt-carrying 
frame  to  cause  a  set 
tling  of  the  sulphu- 
rets  owing  to  their 
greater  specific  grav- 
ity. In  places  where 
the  free  gold  occurs 
in  a  very  fine  slab' 
and  line  crushing  is 
necessary,  sliming  is 
unavoidable,     and    it 

is  very  often  deei 1 

advisable  to  sacrifice 
pari  of  the  line  free 
gold  by  using  coarser 
screens,  the  cause  of 
which  is  that,  (he  Hue 
gold  will  gel  lost,  in 
the  coarse  sands,  but 
the  sulphurets  will 
be  in  better  state  for 
concentration  on  the 
vanners. 

The  machine  can 
be  converted  into  a 
■  side-shaking  vanner 
by  removing  the  curved  springs  and  inserting  the 
straight  legs  in  their  places,  by  lengthening  the 
strokes  of  the  adjustable  eccentrics,  speeding 
up  the  machine  and  putting  on  a  rubber  belt.  By 
keeping  a  straight  leg  and  a  curved  spring  on  each 
side  of  the  machine  a  panning  motion  will  be  obtained, 
the  inventors  having  thought  it  advisable  to  build  a 
machine  that  could  be  given  different  motions  and 
that  would  work  on  different  principles,  in  order  to 
enable  millmen  to  experiment  and  find  out  what, 
motion  is  most  suitable  for  their  particular  class  of 
ore. 

The  inventor  and  manufacturers  say  the  machine 
is  simple  in  construction,  requires  very  little  atten- 
tion and  is  substantial  and  durable.  The  50-stamp 
mill  on  the  Grand  Victory  mine,  near  Placerville, 
has  recently  been. equipped  with  this  class  of  con- 
centrators. They  are  also  working  successfully  in 
Grass  Valley,  and  some  machines  were  lately  sent  to 
the  Bald  Eagle  mine  in  Alaska. 

The  machine  is  the  invention  of  John  Norbom  and  is 
manufactured  by  the  Joshua  Heudy  Machine  Works 
in  this  city. 


Steam 

Freighting 

Train. 


ENGINE:    50-Horse 
Power. 


CAPACITY  OF  TRAIN: 

50  to  65  tons;  depends 
upon  the  roads. 


WRITE    FOI!    CIRCULARS 
AND     PRICES. 

MANorACTLIKED    BY 


the;   best    manufacturing   CO.,  san    leandro,   cal„   u.  s 


lii 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  23,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 


Water. 

Pure  water  consists  of  two  parts  hy- 
drogen and  one  part  oxygen.  Chemical 
name  hydrogen  oxide,  chemical  symbol 
H,0.  Pure  water  is  a  colorless,  odor- 
less, tasteless,  transparent  liquid,  and 
is  practically  incompressible.  Water 
freezes  at  32'°  F.  and  boils  at  212°  F. 
At  its  maximum  density — 39.1°F. — it 
is  the  standard  for  specific  gravities, 
and  one  cubic  centimeter  weighs  one 
gramme. 

( 231  cubic  inches. 
.,.„„,,„„  !  0. 13369  cubic  loot. 
1  U . &.  gJll0D=  -j  s33n  p0UI1<is  distilled  water. 

(8.34  pounds— in  ordinary  practice. 

f  62.425  lbs at3!U°  F  ,  max'mdensity. 

I  62.418  lbs  at  32°  F.,  freezing  point. 
1    cubic  fool=  |  62.355  tbs  at  62°  F.,  standard  temp. 

I  51)  64  lbs.  at  212°  F.,  boiling  point. 

1  57.5  ibs.  at  ice. 
1  cubic  foot.. =    7.485  U.  S.  gallons. 

1  pound =    27.7  cubic  inches. 

1  cubic  inch..  =    0.03612  pound. 

A  column  of  water  one  inch  square 
and  2.31  feet  high  weighs  one  pound. 

A  column  of  water  one  inch  square 
and  one  foot  high   weighs  0.433  pound. 

A  column  of  water  33.947  feet  high 
equals  the  pressure  of  the  atmosphere 
at  the  sea  level. 

One  pound  per  square  inch  equals 
a  column  of  water  2.31  feet  in  height. 

0.433  pound  per  square  inch  equals  a 
column  of  water  one  foot  iu  height. 

Water  is  an  almost  universal  solvent, 
consequently  pure  water  does  not 
occur  in  nature.  Sea  water  contains 
nearly  every  known  substance  in  solu- 
tion. 

The-  latent  heat  of  water  is  79 
thermal  units.  When  water  freezes  it 
gives  off  its  latent  heat.  The  latent 
heat  of  steam  is  536  thermal  units. 
When  steam  condenses  into  water  it 
gives  off  its  latent  heat. 


An  Important  Event. 


On  the  20th  of  next  June  the  canal 
between  the  Baltic  and  North  sea  will 
be  opened  by  Emperor  William  in  the 
presence  of  the  highest  dignitaries  of 
Germany  and  representatives  of  other 
countries.  The  principal  nations  will 
also  be  represented  by  men-of-war. 
It  is  expected  that  the  pomp  and  cere- 
mony will  rival  the  scene  at  the  open- 
ing of  the  Suez  canal.  The  Hamburg- 
American  line  will  join  in  the  naval 
parade  with  two  of  their  twin-screw 
express  steamers,  the  Augusta  Vic- 
toria and  the  Normannia.  A  few  data 
in  reference  to  the  canal  will  illustrate 
the  importance  of  the  work.  It  starts 
at  Keil,  on  the  Baltic  sea,  and,  cross- 
ing the  Prussian  province  of  Holstein, 
joins  the  Elbe  at  Brunsbultel,  below 
Hamburg.  Work  was  begun  on  June 
3%  1887,  and  over  8600  men  were  em- 
ployed during  the  summer  months, 
while  in  winter  the  number  was  re- 
duced to  about  4700.  The  plant  com- 
prised 90  locomotives,  2473  cars,  66 
dredgers,  133  lighters  and  55  engines. 
The  estimated  cost  was  156,000,000 
marks  ($37,440,000),  and  the  thorough- 
ness of  preparation  and  efficiency  of 
execution  cannot  be  better  illustrated 
than  by  mentioning  the  fact  that  the 
estimate  has  not  been  exceeded.  There 
will  be  two  locks,  one  at  the  Baltic 
end,  open  all  the  year  round  except 
twenty-five  days,  and  one  on  the  Elbe, 
open  three  to  four  hours  during  every 
flood  tide,  so  that  it  may  almost  be 
termed  a  tide- water  canal.  Its  length 
is  531  miles;  average  depth,  29J  feet; 
width  at  bottom,  72  feet;  width  at 
water  level,  213  feet.  At  Brunsbuttel, 
on  the  Elbe,  there  is  an  outer  harbor, 
1312  feet  long  by  328  feet  wide;  theu 
follows  the  lock,  492X82  feet,  and  32i 
feet  deep,  and  then  an  inner  harbor, 
1640  feet  by  656  feet.  Two  fine  sus- 
pension bridges  cross  the  canal  nearly 
138  feet  above  the  water  level,  so  that 
railway  traffic  will  not  be  interrupted. 
The  speed  allowed  on  the  canal  will  be 
5.3  miles  an  hour,  making  the  time  of 
passage  about  thirteen  hours.  The 
toll  will  be  seventy-five  pfennings,  or 
eighteen  cents,  a  net  register  ton 
(loading  capacity).  It  is  expected  that 
about  18,000  ships  will  make  use  of  the 
canal  annually,  representing  about 
7,500,000  tons.     Hitherto  about  35,000 


ships  have  passed  every  year  through 
the  Skager  Rack  and  the  Cattegat,  be- 
tween tyhe  Baltic  and  the  North  sea,  so 
that  the  estimated  percentage  seems 
fair.  The  saving  of  time  will  be  con- 
siderable, since  for  all  ships  bound  to 
or  from  any  point  south  of  Hull  the 
distance  will  be  reduced  by  238  miles. 
Bremen  ships  will  save-  322  miles,  and 
Hamburg  ships  424  miles.  But  more 
important  than  the  saving  in  time  is 
the  avoidance  of  danger,  the  passage 
through  the  sound  between  the  Scandi- 
navian peninsula  and  Jutland  being 
considered  one  of  the  most  dangerous 
in  Europe.  Statistics  show  that  about 
200  vessels  founder  every  year  on  these 
coasts.  The  strategic  value  of  the 
canal  is,  besides,  of  the  greatest  value 
to  Germany,  because  its  men-of-war 
will  now  be  able  to  pass  from  the 
North  sea  to  the  Baltic  with  ease  and 
safety,  avoiding  the  passage  through 
foreign  waters,  and  permitting  rapid 
concentration  on  the  north  or  the  west 
coast. 

The  year  1900  will  not  be  a  leap  year. 
Every  year  is  a  leap  year  that  is  divis- 
ible by  four,  excepting  those  ending  in 
two  cyphers,  which  must  be  divisible 
by  400;  thus,  1600  and  2000  are  leap 
years,  but  1800  and  1900  are  not. 
Julius  Ccesar  reformed  the  calendar  by 
making  three  years  of  365  days  each 
follow  one  year  of  366  days,  or,  in  short, 
every  fourth  year  was  made  a  leap 
year.  This  calculation  gives  an  error 
of  about  eleven  minutes  too  much  each 
year,  which  has  aggregated  now  nearly 
twelve  days.  In  order  to  obviate  this 
error  Pope  Gregory,  in  1582,  declared 
October  5th  to  be  October  loth,  and 
made  the  rule  that  thereafter  century 
years  not  multiples  of  400  .  should  not 
be  leap  years.  The  Gregorian  calendar 
has  been  adopted  in  all  civilized  coun- 
ti-ies  save  Russia.  This  system  of 
intercalculation  reconciles  with  much 
accuracy  the  civil  and  solar  years.  The 
latter  contains  365  days,  5  hours,  48 
minutes,  49.62  seconds.  By  omitting 
three  leap  years  every  400  years  it 
gives  the  civil  year  an  average  dura- 
tion of  365  days,  5  hours,  49  minutes, 
12  seconds,  which  exceeds  the  true 
solar  year  by  22.38  seconds,  amounting 
to  a  day  in  3866  years. 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Mssray     Office. 


HIGHEST  PRICES  PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHTJRETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  PateDt. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/Win©  and  TVYill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 


^ 


We  would  call  the  attention 
of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min- C^M^cjl. 
ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  N^Kr-rpRcE/ 
panies.  Prospectors,  etc.,  to  \  ' L  * 
our   full    stock   of   Balances, 


Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scoriflers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  Mrs  t  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  IS.  G.  Deuniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.  N.  JEHU,    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

J  638  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco.  \ 

Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

1  Ore  Assays,  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


J  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical, ) 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 

)  Surveying-  Arc  hi  lecture,  Drawing  and  Assaying-. « 

723  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President. 

i  Assaying1  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorinatlon  i 

Assav.  ?:.';');  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.    Pull  Course  t 
of  Assaying,  $51).    Established  18G4. 
®"  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

]  Examination,  Surveys,  and  Reports  upon  ' 
Mines.  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes- 

.  tic   use,    irrigation,    and    the    pvudiicMon   of  j 

!  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and  , 

plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superiu-  , 

tended.    Correspondence  solicited. 

Res 923  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


ED\A//\RD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 
Tests  and  Estimates  for  the  improvement  of  ( 
i  Pumping.  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants. 

Will  supervise  the  Construction.    Shipment  ( 
jr  Erection  of  Machinery.     Will  make  Draw- 
[  Inge.  Estimates  or  Specifications. 
[     Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de- 
[  scrlption.    Twenty  year's  experience. 

123  California  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Almarin   B.   Paul,   M.   E. 
Mining  Operator, 

ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
{  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Prauclseo.  J 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  vT  and  report- 
ing on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  l 
1  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest  < 
•  in  Developed  Mines.  ' 

i  Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  I 
i  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent  | 
i  instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large,  ( 
,  practical  Bcale. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works,  | 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES     WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE.  * 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  ) 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  ( 
ores.  ,        < 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina-  < 
tions  or  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur-  ' 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists- 


Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING   LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and 
Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
estly given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1141  R.  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILS0N  &  C0.,<©> 

—Manufacturers  op — 

STEAH  ENGINES,  BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 

♦    ♦    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IN  <fe  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


!  RUPTURE! 

IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia— commonly  called 
rupture — was  Incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  is  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  86  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  (rents,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


Rooks  on  Assaying. 


By  C.  H.  AARON. 


Part  I.— GOLD  AND  SILVER  ORES. 


SECOND  EDITION— PHICE  $1. 

-*~*C 

This  work  Is  written  by  an  experienced  metallur- 
gist who  has  devoted  many  years  to  assaying"  and 
working  precious  ores  on  the  Pacific  Bide  of  the 
American  Continent.  He  writes  wherof  he  knows 
from  personal  practice,  and  in  such  plain  and  com- 
prehensive terms  that  neither  the  scientist  or  the 
practical  miner  can  mistake  his  meaning-. 

The  work,  like  Mr.  Aaron's  former  publications 
("Testing  and  Working-  Silver  Ores,"  ■'Leaching 
Gold  and  Silver  Ores")  that  have  been  '■successfully 
popular,"  is  written  In  a  condensed  form,  which 
renders  his  information  more  readily  available  than 
that  of  more  wordy  and  less  conscientious  writers. 
The  want  of  such  a  work  has  long-  been  felt.  It  will 
be  very  desirable  in  the  hands  of  many. 

TuhU  of  Contrnts:— Preface;  Introduction;  Imple- 
ments; Assay  Balance;  Materials;  The  Assay  Office; 
Preparation  of  the  Ore;  Weighing-  the  Charge;  Mix- 
ing and  Charging;  Assay  Litharge;  Systems  of  the 
Crucible  Assay;  Preliminary  Assay;  Dressing  the 
Crucible  Assays;  Examples  of  Dressing;  The  Melt- 
ing in  Crucibles;  Seoriiieation:  Cupellauon!  Weigh- 
ing the  Bead;  Parting;  Calculating  the  Assay:  Assay 
of  Ore  Containing  Coarse  Metal;  Assay  of  Roasted 
Ore  for  Solubility;  To  Assay  a  Cupel;  Assay  by 
Amalgamation;  To  Find  the  Value  of  a  Specimen; 
Tests  for  Ores;  A  few  Special  Minerals:  Solubility 
of  Metals;  Substitutes  and  Expedients;  Assay 
Tables. 

The  volume  embraces  13(1 12-mo  pages,  with  Illus- 
trations, well  bound  in  cloth;  1889.  Price  #1.00 
postpaid.  Sold  by  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press,  220  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


Parts  II  and  III. — Gold  and  Silver 
Bullion,  Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Efc. 


SECOND     EDITION— PRICE     $1.75. 


This  book  is  entitled  "Assaying— Parts  II  and  ill," 
and  is  separate  from  part  I,  and  treats  of  Gold  and 
Sliver  Bullion,  Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Mercury,  Zinc, 
Nlckle,  Cobalt,  ete. 

Table  of  Oonte  n  ts:— Gold  and  Silver  Bullion;  Appa- 
tus;  Melting  Bullion;  Assaying  Bullion;  Humid  As 
Bay  of  Silver;  Gay  Lussac's  Method;  Volhart's 
Method;  Manipulation;  Lead  Ores;  Copper  Ores; 
Tin  Ores;  Mercury  Ores;  Zinc  Ores;  Nlckle  and  Co- 
balt; Chromium;  Bismuth;  Arsenic;  Antimony; 
Sulphur;  Salt;  Note. 

One  of  the  methods  given  for  the  Assay  of  Copper 
is  new,  original  and  exact,  as  is  also  one  of  the 
processes  for  Zinc. 

The  book  contains  161  pages  with  illustrations, 
and  is  strongly  bound  in  cloth.  Much  of  the  original 
text  Is  replaced  by  new  matter. 

Price,  postpaid,  #1.75.  Sold  by  the  Mining  and 
.Scientific  Press,  220  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


ngpna 


Business    College, 

24  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY  -  FIVE    DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  in  Shorthand.  Type- Writing 
Bookkeeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  Bixteen 
teachers  and  give  Individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering: 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  £S"Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 
611  and  613  FRONT  ST.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  $3  per  volume  of 
six  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  50  cents  additional  per 
volume. 


March  23    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


185 


Mechanical  Progress. 


Fire  Tube  and  Water  Tube 
Boilers. 


In  the  "Scotch"  type  of  marine 
boiler,  long  a  great  favorite  among 
constructors  of  vessels  for  merchant 
and  naval  service,  the  fire  passes 
through  the  tubes  or  flues  as  in  a  loco- 
motive boiler,  and  the  water  surrounds 
them,  being  itself  contained  in  a 
larger  shell.  But  in  the  "  water  tube  " 
boiler  the  fire  is  on  the  outside  and  the 
fluid  within.  Regarding  the  advant- 
ages of  the  latter  class  of  steam  gener- 
ators for  use  on  land  or  for  small  craft 
like  yachts  and  torpedo  boats,  there  is 
no  great  difference  of  opinion.  To  the 
introduction  of  such  boilers  to  big 
steamships,  however,  certain  objec- 
tions have  been  offered;  and,  as  their 
validity  is  not  universally  conceded, 
there  have  been  some  rather  warm 
disputes  on  this  subject  among  engi- 
neering experts  during  the  last  three 
or  four  years.  For  the  water-tube 
system  it  is  claimed  that,  for  the  same 
amount  of  power  developed  (1)  less 
metal  is  required;  (2)  less  water 
needed,  both  of  which  features  reduce 
the  space  and  weight;  (3)  steam  can  be 
produced  more  quickly;  (4)  the  water 
is  more  evenly  heated;  (5)  higher  pres- 
sures may  be  carried  (250  pounds  to 
the  inch,  say,  instead  of  150  or  180); 
(G)  repairs  are  more  easily  made,  and 
(7)  that  in  case  a  vessel  so  equipped  is 
penetrated  by  a  shot  from  a  warship, 
a  less  destructive  explosion  occurs. 
On  the  other  hand,  it  is  urged  that  (1) 
the  vaporizing  action  occurs  in  a  more 
confined  space;  (2)  the  metal  surface 
is  not  so  well  protected  against  the  de- 
structive action  of  the  flames;  (3)  steam 
is  not  developed  so  rapidly  with  a 
given  heating  surface;  (4)  more  fuel  is 
required;  (5)  the  boiler  is  shorter  lived, 
and  (6)  that  the  automatic  feed  re- 
quires extra  attention. 

This  wide  difference  of  opinion  im- 
parts interest  to  the  announcement 
that  a  Chicago  shipbuilding  concern  is 
about  to  make  a  competitive  test  of 
both  classes.  Two  large  freight  ves- 
sels, intended  for  duty  on  the  lakes, 
are  under  construction  after  exactly 
the  same  designs,  except  that  one  will 
have  fire-tube  and  the  other  water- 
tube  boilers.  Engineer-in-Chief  Mel- 
ville, of  the  United  States  Navy,  has 
agreed  to  supervise  the  experiment, 
which  affords  reason  for  believing  that 
it  will  be  intelligently  and  fairly  con- 
ducted. The  results  will  not  be  de- 
cisive of  the  whole  question,  to  be  sure, 
but  they  may  shed  some  light  on  it  at 
any  rate. 

Iron  Cheaper  in  the  United  States 
Than  England. 


The  London    Ir< 


■d    Coal    Trades 


Review  says:  "It  is  some  consider- 
able time  since  we  pointed  out 
that  the  threat  of  successful  competi- 
tion in  neutral  markets  on  the  part  of 
the  United  States  was  not  a  mere 
'bogey,' but  was  likely  in  course  of 
time  to  become  a  stern  reality.  We 
have  good  reason  to  know  that  the 
reality  now  comes  nearer  every  day. 
The  paper  which  was  read  a  few  days 
ago  before  the  Middlesborough  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  by  Mr.  Jeremiah 
Head  pointed  in  unmistakable  terms 
to  the  coming  supremacy  of  the  United 
States  in  the  manufacture  of  pig  iron. 
It  was  shown  conclusively  by  Mr.  Head 
that  in  Alabama  pig  iron  is  produced 
and  sold  for  about  five  shillings  per  ton 
less  than  it  costs  in  Cleveland,  the 
cheapest  center  of  the  pig  iron  indus- 
try in  this  country.  It  is  true  that  we 
have  not  as  yet  been  flooded  with  this 
cheap  American  pig  in  European  mar- 
kets, but  it  is  not  at  all  improbable 
that  this  event  will  happen  by  and  by. 
The  drawback  to  the  success  of  the 
Alabama  pig-iron  makers  at  the  pres- 
ent time  is  the  comparatively  high  cost 
of  transport.  Situated  nearly  300 
miles  from  the  sea,  and  a  still  longer 
distance  from  the  great  shipping  ports, 
the  Birmingham   district  of  Alabama 


cannot  place  its  produce  in  many 
American  markets  —  not  to  speak  of 
the  markets  of  Europe — for  anything 
like  the  price  at  which  Cleveland  pig 
can  be  supplied  at  home.  Whether 
land  and  ocean  transport  will,  in  the 
future,  be  reduced  sufficiently  to  enable 
a  change  to  be  made  from  this  point  of 
view  is,  of  course,  an  unsolved  problem, 
but  the  margin  of  five  shillings  now  in 
favor  of  Alabama  pig  must  be  in- 
creased considerably  before  we  need 
fear  the  advent  of  that  product  on 
British  soil  to  any  extent  worth  speak- 
ing of.  Meanwhile,  however,  certain 
other  branches  of  the  iron  and  steel  in- 
dustry have  been  successfully  attacked 
by  our  American  rivals,  under  condi- 
tions and  with  an  amount  of  success 
that  may  well  cause  us  a  good  deal  of 
disquietude.  We  have  the  most  ample 
evidence  of  the  fact  that  the  cost  of 
steel  billets  at  the  works  in  Pittsburg 
is  cheaper  than  at  works  in  Glasgow 
or  Sheffield.  In  other  words,  the  cost 
of  making  billets  in  the  United  States 
has  been  brought  down  to  about  18s  6d 
per  ton,  and  in  some  cases  perhaps  a 
trifle  less,  whereas  we  are  not  aware 
of  any  works  in  Great  Britain  where 
the  cost  has  been  brought  down  under 
25s  per  ton,  although,  of  course,  it  is 
possible  that  it  may  have  been  done  for 
something  under  that  figure.  That 
this  should  have  happened  in  a  coun- 
try where  the  rate  of  wages  paid  is 
understood  to  be  twenty-five  to  thirty 
per  cent  more  than  our  own  is  one  of 
those  economic  problems  that  are  ex- 
ceedingly difficult  of  solution.  But  the 
effect  of  the  fact  is  that  the  American 
wire  manufacturers  are  making  havoc 
with  our  English  wire  trade  in  Central 
and  South  America,  and  are  doing  con- 
siderable business  in  Canada." 


Photography   Under   the  Sea. 


The  stupendous  progress  of  maritime 
science  during  the  last  decade  made  re- 
liable illustrations  of  objects  under  wa- 
ter very  desirable,  and  to  obtain  such 
pictures  photography  was,  of  course, 
resorted  to.  It  was  by  no  means  an 
easy  matter,  but  with  the  apparatus 
herein  described  the  problem  appears 
to  have  been  successfully  solved.  An 
ordinary  magazine  camera,  of  small 
size,  and  adjustable  to  focus  at  various 
distances,  is  inclosed  in  a  water-tight 
metallic  case,  which  is  furnished  with 
plate-glass  lights  on  each  side.  Two 
buttons  on  the  outside  of  the  metallic 
case  work  respectively  the  shutter  and 
the  mechanism  for  focusing.  Where 
the  metallic  case  is  pierced  a  layer  of 
compressed  oakum  prevents  moisture 
from  entering.  A  metallic  tripod  of 
sufficient  weight  to  insure  stability 
completes  the  outfit.  The  photographic 
plates  used  for  this  purpose  are  speci- 
ally prepared,  and  are  considerably 
more  sensitive  than  ordinary  dry- 
plates.  For  certain  contingencies  a 
lighting  apparatus  has  been  con- 
structed, which  for  ingenuity  rivals  the 
camera.  An  ordinary  magnesium 
flashlight  lamp  is  fastened  to  the  top  of 
a  barrel  of  about  fifty  gallons  capacity 
which  is  weighted  down  with  shot,  and 
also  serves  as  a  reservoir  for  the  air 
supply  of  the  lamp.  This  lamp  is  pro- 
tected by  a  glass  globe,  which  is 
fastened  hermetically  over  lamp  and 
spigot,  and  is  also  used  as  a  reflector. 
A  rubber  bulb  containing  the  magne- 
sium powder  and  a  rubber  tube  leading 
to  the  pointed  metal  tube  in  the  flash- 
lamp  furnish  the  means  to  produce  a 
flashlight  by  simply  pressing  the  bulb. 

The  timing  of  the  exposures  presents 
another  serious  difficulty.  At  a  depth 
of  three  to  four  feet  an  exposure  of  ten 
minutes  will  give  good  results;  at  a 
depth  of  fifteen  to  eighteen  feet  the  ex- 
posure should  last  not  less  than  thirty 
minutes  when  the  sun  is  brightest. 
Even  at  this  depth  it  becomes  necessary 
to  apply  a  plate  of  blue  glass  in  front  of 
the  lens  in  order  to  obtain  clear  pictures. 
In  deeper  regions  photography  would 
be  impossible  but  for  the  flashlight  ap- 
paratus described  above.  It  saves 
time  and  trouble,  and  good  pictures 
have  been  taken  even  during  storms 
and  without  appreciable  light  from 
above. 


Wire  Silver    Produced    by    Arti- 
ficial Means. 


Professor  Phillips,  of  Alleghany,  Pa., 
is  reported  to  have  recently  succeeded 
in  obtaining  wire  silver  by  artifice. 
Hitherto  wire  silver  has  been  known 
only  in  nature,  and  all  attempts  to  re- 
produce it  in  the  laboratory  have 
failed. 

In  nature  the  white  metal  is  found  in 
the  form  of  wire  silver,  so  called  be- 
cause of  its  peculiar  appearance,  some- 
what resembling  fine  wire  tangled  to- 
gether. Often  it  looks  like  moss.  Con- 
siderable masses  of  it  are  sometimes 
discovered,  the  minerals  with  which  it 
was  associated  having  been  dissolved 
out  and  washed  away.  Frequently 
such  chunks  have  been  termed  nuggets, 
but  there  is  no  such  thing  as  a  real 
nugget  of  silver. 

Silver  is  exceedingly  ready  to  com- 
bine with  many  other  elements,  such  as 
arsenic  and  sulphur.  Most  commonly 
it  is  found  associated  with  the  latter, 
taking  the  form  of  a  sulphide.  Its 
affinity  for  sulphur  is  illustrated  by  the 
fact  that  it  quickly  becomes  much  tar- 
nished if  exposed  in  the  same  room 
with  the  contents  of  a  stale  egg,  the 
decomposition  of  which  sets  free  sul- 
phuretted hydrogen. 

By  Professor  Phillip's  experiments, 
he  makes  wire  silver  artificially  by 
treating  a  nitrate  of  the  metal  with 
hydrogen  gas. 

It  may  easily  be  imagined  how  wire 
silver  produced  by  artifice  might  be 
employed  to  deceive.  The  production 
of  wire  silver  by  artificial  means  is  in- 
teresting only  as  a  laboratory  experi- 
ment. No  commercial  use  for  it  has 
been  suggested  as  yet. 


Honey    Value    of    Hands    and 
Fingers. 


According  to  a  scale  drawn  up  for 
the  Miners'  Union  and  Miners'  Acci- 
dent Insurance  Companies  of  Ger- 
many, the  loss  of  both  hands  is  valued 
at  100  per  cent,  or  the  whole  ability  to 
earn  a  living.  Losing  the  right  hand 
depreciates  the  value  of  an  individual 
as  a  worker  70  to  80  per  cent,  while 
the  loss  of  the  left  hand  represents 
from  60  to  70  per  cent  of  the  earnings 
of  both  hands.  The  thumb  is  reckoned 
to  be  worth  from  20  to  30  per  cent  of 
the  earnings.  The  first  finger  of  the 
right  hand  is  valued  at  from  14  to  18 
per  cent,  that  of  the  left  hand  at  from 
8  to  13.5  per  cent.  The  middle  finger 
is  worth  from  10  to  16  per  cent.  The 
third  finger  is  valued  at  no  more  than 
7  to  9  per  cent.  The  little  finger  is 
worth  9  to  12  per  cent.  The  difference 
in  the  percentages  is  occasioned  by  the 
difference  with  the  trade,  the  first 
finger  being,  for  instance,  more  valu- 
able to  a  writer  than  to  a  digger. 


In  a  recent  meeting  in  England, 
Alexander  Siemens  gave  some  whole- 
some advice  to  young  engineers  and  in- 
ventors. He  dispelled  the  fable  about 
the  circumstances  which  led  to  the  in- 
vention of  the  steam  engine.  Accord- 
ing to  the  popular  version,  Watt,  as  a 
small  boy,  saw  the  lid  of  a  kettle  move 
up  and  down  when  the  water  was 
boiling,  and  this  suggested  to  him  the 
construction  of  the  steam  engine.  As 
a  matter  of  fact,  Watt  made  himself 
acquainted  with  what  had  been  done 
before  (a  point  altogether  ignored  in 
the  popular  version),  and  had  to  work 
very  hard  before  he  brought  his  inven- 
tion to  a  successful  issue.  His  example 
is  typical  of  the  true  method  of  prog- 
ress, and  it  may  be  said,  generally, 
that,  in  order  to  approach  a  problem 
with  the  best  prospect  of  success  it  is 
necessary  (1)  to  define  as  accurately  as 
possible  the  want  that  exists,  or  the 
particular  object  to  be  attained;  (2)  to 
be  well  acquainted  with  the  scientific 
principles  which  come  into  play;  (3)  to 
know  the  want  is  met,  or  the  object 
attained  in  practical  life;  (4)  to  find 
out  what  proposals  have  been  made  by 
others  in  the  same  or  in  a  similar  case. 
A  careful  attention  to  these  require- 
ments will  prevent  much  disappoint- 
ment and  waste  of  energy. 


Foundedby Mat/lew  Carey,  I78S 

HENRY     CAKKV      HAIK1)     *     CO., 

Industrial  Publishers.  Booksellers  anh 
Importers. 
810  Walnut  St..  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  V.  s.  A. 
«-OurNewand  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Sciemilio  Books,  B8  Pases,  Svo.,  and  our  other 
Catalogues  and  Circulars,  Lnewboleooverlngever? 
branch  or  Science  applied  to  tin-  arts,  sonl  freeand 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

TI.ADE    MA»K. 


<U'ARTHUR-F0RRE3T  PR0CCMQ 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -        £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  proflt,  the  MacARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  Hew  York. 

CYANIDE 

—OF— 

POTASSIUn, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes. 


Trade  Mark. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


Pioneer  Screen  W/orlcs! 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Workl  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel,  RuBeia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brajs  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

*** MHOHG  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

331  and  333  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  Blot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  RuBBia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel,Ca6t  I 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron.  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


*  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

110  &  112  BEALE  STREET,  S.  F. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps,    -f    Steam  Engines. 

.     .    All  Kinds  of  MAOmNWRY.    . 


c^r 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

of  san  francisco. 
Room  1.      -      426  California  Street, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


NTS 


DB\A/E"V  <fc  CO.. 
I  gap  Market  St.,  S.  F. 


186 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  23     1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  lo  the  mines 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

Around  Oust  a.—  In  the  vicinity  of  Oleta 
gravel  and  quartz  mines  are  employing  able- 
bodied  man. 

The  principal  mine  being  worked  is  the  Lone 
Hill.  The  Davis  and  J.  H.  Hill  mines  are  also 
being  successfully  operated,  tbe  former  em- 
ploying twenty  men.  All  these  mines  are 
working  channel  gravel,  similar  to  the  famous 
"blue  lead,"  and  quite  as  rich.  It  is  not  an 
infrequent  thing  to  turn  in  gravel  carrying 
from  $4  to  $5  to  the  ear. 

The  extent  of  the  lead  is  not  even  bounded 
by  section  lines,  and  will  furnish  work  for  a 
gen  oration  or  two  of  miners. 

The  Lone  Hill  has  a  fine  mill  run  by  hydrau- 
lic pressure.  The  machinery  is  of  the  most 
modern  pattern,  and  has  not  only  a  large 
capacity,  but  saves  every  particle  of  gold. 
The  company  has  leased  the  Perriugton  ditch, 
lately  purchased  by  D.  li.  Thomas,  and  has  in 
this  way  secured  control  of  the  entire  water 
supply. 

Eight  miles  above  Oleta  the  Robertson 
brothers  have  struck  an  eighty  foot  ledge  of 
porphyry  and  quartz  carrying  low-grade  ore. 
It  runs'  from  $3  to  $4  to  the  ton,  and  the  pro- 
prietors have  such  faith  in  the  property  that 
they  will  construct  a  twenty-stamp  mill. 

Another  new  mine  is  tbat  located  by  Henry 
Linton,  and  known  as  the  Coffey  Gulch  mine. 
This  lead,  while  small,  produces  rock  running 
as  high  as  81,500  per  ton.  Tbe  mine  has  not  yet 
been  thoroughly  prospected,  and  sinking,  it  is 
Imped,  will  develop  a  large  ledge. 

D.  R.  Thomas,  superintendent  of  the  Hill 
Top  mine,  now  the  property  of  the  Interior 
Development  Company  of  San  Francisco,  is 
expecting  to  commence  the  construction  of  one 
of  the  largest  reservoirs  in  the  State  on  the 
old  Case  ranch  at  the  head  of  the  South  Pork 
of  the  Cousumues  river. 

The  purchase  of  the  site  was  made  some 
time  ago,  but  immediate  work  deferred  pend- 
ing the  adjudication  of  litigation  involving 
large  interests  in  the  western  part  of  the 
county.  This  reservoir  will  be  the  first  of  a 
svstem  which  will  add  thousands  of  inches  of 
water  to  the  old  Perrington  right,  now  the 
property  of  Mr.  Thomas. 
Butte. 

The  Mascot.  — D.  &  P.  Wyekoff  have  bonded 
the  Mascot  quartz  mine  at  Oregon  City  and 
will  develop  it. 

El  Dorado. 

'  Standard  M.  Co. — Democrat:  The  Stand- 
ard Mining  Company  at  Pleasant  Valley  have 
their  shaft  down  130  feet,  where  they  struck 
bedrock  pitching  to  the  south  abruptly.  In 
order  to  get  the  deep  channel  they  are  run- 
ning south  UK)  feet,  at  end  of  which  they  will 
sink  a  shaft,  hoping  there  to  strike  the  deep 
channel,  where  they  may.  reasonably  expect 
to  find  a  bed  of  rich  gravel.  This  belief  is 
justified  by  the  fact  that  the  surface  along 
the  sides  of  this  channel  has  been  worked 
since  early  days  and  paid  very  rich.  Only  a 
few  hundred  yards  from  the  Standard  shaft 
Mr.  John  Pink  sunk  a  shaft  for  the  purpose  of 
getting  water,  and  at  a  depth  of  twenty-four 
feet  struck  a  bed  of  rich  gravel  ranging  in 
thickness  from  2%  to  5  feet.  This  find  of  Mr. 
Pink's  is  evidently  a  bench  running  parallel 
with  the  main  deep  channel.  Good  prospects 
are  being  found  on  the  Volsburg  claim,  about 
one  mile  southwest,  and  still  farther  on  the 
same  line  is  the  Stevens  and  McKinney  claim, 
which  has  been  worked  to  some  extent  on  tbe 
vein  the  present  winter,  yielding  coarse  gold 
in  paying  quantities,  evidently  an  overflow 
from* the  main  channel. 


A  Veritable  Gold  Pool.— At  the  confluence 
of  Pine  Gold  Gulch  creek  and  the  San  Joaquin 
there  is  a  deep  pool  which  has  one  of  the  larg- 
est mining  camps  on  the  river  located  on  its 
banks,  though  not  an  ounce  of  gold  is  being 
worked.  A  dam  is  being  built  '200  feet  above 
the  mouth  of  Pine  Gold  Gulch,  and  a  canal  TD0 
feet  long  is  being  cut.  through  which  the  wa- 
ters of"  the  San  Joaquin  arc  to  be  diverted. 
As  soon  as  the  waters  of  the  river  are  turned 
the  outlet  of  Pine  Gold  Gulch  will  be  turned 
also.  It  is  believed  that  the  whole  of  the  en- 
gineering work  cau  be  completed  by  June, 
and  the  pumps  will  clear  the  pool  in  which 
considerable  gold  is  expected  to  be  found. 

That  there  is  gold  in  the  pool  has  been 
proved  by  well  borings  sunk  at  different 
spots.  The  average  depth  of  the  sedimentary 
deposit  above  the  hard  bedrock  of  the  river  is 
from  five  to  seven  feet. 

Nevada. 

Mine  to  Start  Up. — Union:  The  Morning 
Star  mine  on  Gold  Flat  will  be  started  up 
about  the  first  of  April.  A  San  Francisco 
company,  who  bought  the  mine  some  time 
ago,  will  erect  hoisting  works  and  fully 
develop  the  property.  Mr.  Sine  of  San  Fran- 
cisco will  have  charge  of  the  mine.  The  shaft 
is  down  about  100  feet,  but  the  company  will 
sink  a  new  one.  The  ledge  is  from  one  to 
two  feet  wide  and  the  rock  paid  §50  and  $00 
per  ton. 

A  Good  Leoue.— J I  era  hi;  In  the  Blue  Jay 
mine,  at  Maybert,  an  eight-foot  ledge  has 
been  developed,  and  the  rock  is  of  a  good 
quality.  Pay  rock  is  being  taken  out,  and  the 
mill  will  be  started  when  the  ditch  supplying 
water  is  open.  The  Blue  Jay  is  an  example  of 
what  may  be  done  by  experienced  miners, 
when  the  strictest  economy  is  practiced.  A 
five-stamp  mill,  running  less  than  one-fourth 
of  the  time  for  the  past  year  and  a  half,  has 
paid  for  Itself  and  the  mine  and  left  some- 
thing for  the  owners,  A  twenty-stamp  mill 
md  extensive  buildings  would  have  swamped 
ho   entire   business,    There   arc    plenty   of 


places  where  the  same  system  would  work 
equally  as  well. 

The  Centennial. —The  gravel  in  the  Cen- 
tennial mine,  up  the  Washington  ridge,  con- 
tinues to  pav,  and  it  may  be  that  tbe  company 
is  to  get  back  the  large  sums  of  money  they 
have  spent  there. 

Tin-:  Billion.— Is  is  expected  that  the 
Bullion  property,  comprising  the  lone  and 
Galena,  at  the  base  of  Osboru  Hill,  on  the 
Colfax  road,  two  miles  from  Grass  Valley,  will 
have  work  resumed  shortly  under  the  super- 
in tendency  of  Geo.  Mainhart. 

WHITE  HORSE    DISTRICT. 

The  Sunset  mine  continues  idle,  no  work 
being  done  in  the  shaft  this  spring. 

Senor  Ortega  has  succeeded  in  raising  £4000 
to  build  a  mill  on  the  Addie  C  mine. 

The  Emma  L  has  not  advanced  any,  as  tbe 
water  from  melting  snow  has  been  bad  in  the 
tunnel.  The  Emma  L  company  expect  to  re- 
build and  start  their  arrastra  soon. 

The  .1.  G.  Blaine  continues  to  be  tbe  largest 
operating  mine  in  the  district.  A  drift  is  be- 
ing run  south  now  from  the  first  station  in  the 
east  drift.  It  is  the  iuteutiou  to  run  1(10  feet 
in  that  drift,  and  timbers  are  being  made 
ready  for  that  purpose.  The  superintendent 
lias  shown  some  rock  that  will  assay  $1Q0  per 
ton. 

Plumas. 

The  Thistle  Mine. —  Independent:  The 
Thistle  drift  mine  now  employs  100  men  and 
is  a  good  gold  producer. 

Ql    INi'Y   MlNINIi    AND  WATER   Co. —  NatlOliaX- 

Bulletin:  Supt.  A.  B.  White  arrived  from  be- 
low last  week,  via  Reno,  and  proceeded  to 
Spanish  Ranch.  Foreman  Campbell,  for  sev- 
eral weeks  past,  had  been  getting  things  in 
readiness  for  active  operations.  During  the 
past  few  days  Mr.  Wrhite  has  been  employing 
more  men  for  the  purpose  of  ge  tting  the 
water  started  through  the  ditches  and  into 
the  pipes.  The  washing  of  gravel  will  begin 
as  soon  as  this  work  is  accomplished,  and  will 
continue  through  the  entire  water  season, 
which  promises  to  be  a  very  lengthy  one—  un- 
usually so  in  consequence  of  the  immense 
banks  of  snow  lying  around  the  base  of 
Spanish  Peak,  which  is  drained  by  the  large 
water  system  of  the  Quiucy  Mining  and 
Water  Co.  The  operations  of  this  company 
will  furnish  employment  for  quite  a  crew  of 
men  during  the  spring  and  summer.  The 
area  of  gravel  deposits  is  very  large,  and  from 
those  worked  in  years  gone  by  very  large 
sums  of  gold  were  taken.  It  is  believed  that 
fortunes  remain  in  the  unworked  gravels  of 
the  ancient  river  channels  which  thread  the 
territory  owned  by  the  company.  The  cor- 
poration is  well  equipped  for  successful  min- 
ing. It  has  one  of  the  most  extensive  and 
effective  water  systems  to  be  found  in  this 
part  of  the  State,  and  on  its  own  lands  is 
plenty  of  timber  for  all  purposes  pertaining  to 
the  mine,  and  should  it  ever  desire  to  engage 
in  that  line  of  busincs,  it  will  be  able,  with 
its  facilities  of  developing  water  or  electric 
power,  to  convert  into  lumber  t lie  large  forest 
of  valuable  timber  on  the  slope,  extending 
from  the  base  of  Spanish  Peak  down  to  points 
north  of  Quincy.  On  the  arrival  of  the  rail- 
road, which  has  already  been  partially  built 
into  Plumas  and  which  will  be  extended  this 
spring  and  summer,  lumber  could  be  shipped 
to  profitable  markets. 

Gullic  &  Company.  —  B.  P.  Gullic  is  ex- 
pected to  return  from  Illinois  to  Greenville, 
this  county,  in  a  short  time,  accompanied  by 
his  family.  He  will  at  once  proceed  in  the 
work  of  erecting  a  20-starnp  quartz  mill  on 
the  Hiberuia  properties,  near  Greenville; 
on  which  his  company  did  much  development 
work  last  fall,  the  results  being  very  satis- 
factory. It  is  probable  that,  on  this  property, 
thirty  or  forty  men  will  be  emyloyed  during 
the  coming  season.  The  Hibernia  and  adjoin 
ing  mines,  owned  by  Gullic  &  Co.,  are  south 
of  Greeuville  and  in  the  mountain  so  fruitful 
of  gold-bearing  quartz  veins.  That  they  have 
a  valuable  property,  the  owners  have  no 
doubt.  They  made  a  milling  test  of  the  ore 
last  fall  and  the  yield  proved  so  satisfactory 
that  a  purchase  of  the  property  was  made  and 
the  improvements  referred  to  determined 
upou. 

The  Butterfly  Mine.— The  Butterfly  mine 
is  now  being  operated  under  tbe  management 
of  Prof.  C.  D.  Kellogg,  who  last  fall  in- 
terested Eastern  capital.  A  ten-stamp  mill 
has  just  beeu  completed  and  the  crushing  of 
ore  has  begun.  In  the  work  of  preparation 
the  management  has  had  a  severe  winter  to 
contend  with,  but  much  pluck  and  energy 
have  been  manifested,  and  now  the  wheels 
are  rolling. 

McGill  and  Standart  will  resume  work  on 
their  mine  near  Greeuville  as  soon  as  the  ab- 
sence of  snow  will  permit. 

The  Trelcaven  brothers  are  expected  to 
open  up  the  old  New  York  mine  at  Greenville 
in  the  near  future.  It  is  a  property  which 
has  produced  considerable  nione}7. 

B.  F.  Leete,  of  Reno,  Nevada,  expects  to  do 
considerable  development  work  on  his  quartz 
mine  near  Crescent  during  the  coming  season. 

Work  on  the  Lucky  S.  mine  has  beeu  re- 
sumed, but  only  a  small  force  will  be  em- 
ployed until  the  conditions  of  weather  favor- 
able to  work  have  arrived. 

The  indications  are  that  Granite  Basin  will 
be  a  lively  mining  camp  this  year. 

The  Pioneer  mine  at  Grass  Flat,  near  Port 
Wine,  will  soon  have  a  large  force  of  men  em- 
ployed. 

Sisfeiyou. 

Hawkinsvjlle  and  Yreka.— Mining  opera^ 
tions  at  Hawkinsville  this  spring  and  summer 
will  make  Hawkinsville  and  Yreka  lively. 
In  Yreka  not  a  dwellinghousecau  be  procured 
for  rent,  many  persons  being  obliged  to  buy, 
while  others  in  want  of  residences  intend 
building. 

The  thirty-ton  pump  for  raising  water  from 
the  electric  light  ditch  at  Shasta  river,  to 
work  mines  at  Hawkinsville,  is  at  Yreka,  on 
its  way  down  to  (he  river  via   Mir>  Hawkins 


road.  It  will  force  water  to  a  bight  of  nearly 
500  feet  through  1100  feet  of  large  pipe,  in  sup- 
plying a  dich  for  working  the  diggings  near 
Hawkinsville  in  the  Yreka  basin. 

General  Mixing  Notes. — Journal:  Work 
has  been  progressing  all  winter  iu  the  cin- 
nabar mines  on  West  Beaver  Creek,  Siskiyou 
mountain,  by  tunneling.  When  the  snow  dis- 
appears the  ore  will  be  retorted. 

The  Spangler  Bros.,  at  mouth  of  Humbug 
creek,  have  succeeded  in  getting  their  dig- 
gings pumped  out,  by  having  a  pump  some  dis- 
tance above  their  pit  on  the  creek,  and  another 
at  the  pit,  so  as  to  permit  hoisting  pay  gravel. 

The  McConnell  and  Pacific  river  claims  in 
the  Klamath,  just  below  the  mouth  of  Hum- 
bug, are  to  be  worked  on  an  extensive  scale 
this  season.  Alougwingdam  is  to  be  built 
for  covering  both  claims,  which  are  adjoining 
on  an  island,  and  will  be  pumped  out  under 
the  superintendence  of  Marseha  Mott. 

Brown  &  Hossick  have  struck  a  high-grade 
ochre  quartz  mine  on  the  ,'niiddle  fork  of 
Humbug,  about  ten  miles  from  Yreka,  which 
prospects  over  $35  per  ton.  The'ledge  is  about 
five  feet  iu  width,  and  there  isan  abundance 
of  good  paying  quartz  in  sight, "to  be  crushed 
shortly  in  McCook's  mill  at  the  forks  of  Hum- 
bug. 

Clark  &  Callick  have  fifty 'tons  of  quartz 
already  taken  out  of  their  ledge  on  Old 
Craggy  mountain  at  Humbug,  the  rock  being 
of  a  milk-white  character,  and  yielded  at  last 
crushing  -an  average  of  $31  per  ton. 

Coul  son  &  Lash  have  a  good  ledge  on  the 
midddle  fork  of  Humbug,  with  considerable 
rich  ore  in  sight. 

Elliott  Creek,  up  in  the  Siskiyou,  close  to 
the  Oregon  line,  seems  to  be  a  rich  placer 
mining  district,  as  several  claims  have  been 
lately  taken  up  there,  near  the  headwaters  of 
Cettonwood  creek. 

The  Eastlick  Bros.,  says  the  Scott  Valley 
News,  started  up  work  in  their  hydraulic 
mine  at  Oro  Fine  last  Friday.  The  electric 
lights  recently  put  in  did  not  work  satisfac- 
torily, and  the  old-fashioned  torch  is  being 
used  while  the  e'ectric  plant  is  being  over- 
hauled and  corrected. 

Sierra. 

Geneual  Items.—  The  Ruby  mine  is  at  pre- 
sent employing  eighteen  men,  and  is  not  on  a 
paying  basis.  At  the  Gold  Valley  nearly  forty 
men  are  employed.  Fifteen  stamps  are  con- 
stantly running  at  the  mill.  The  Alaska  mine 
at  Pike  City  has  about  fifty  men  at  work,  and 
is  getting  out  rich  ore. 

?.  The  Gold  Valley.—  The  Gold  Valley  mine 
is  now  in  full  running  order,  with  nearly  forty 
men  employed.  They  have  begun  crushing 
ore  in  the  mill,  and  fifteen  stamps  are  con- 
tinually kept  running.  A.  Maltman  has 
charge  of  the  chlorination  works. 

Shasta. . 

Ikon  Mountain  Mine.— At  the  present  time 
there  is  little  doing.  The  mill  is  idle,  waiting 
for  wood,  a  contract  having  been  let.  The 
mountains  have  been  laid  bare  of  timber  for 
several  miles  around  the  mill. 

A  new  tunnel  has  been  started  lower  down 
and  pushed  in  some  135  feet.  A  crew  of  men 
are  also  at  work  extending  the  boarding-house. 
The  survey  for  a  railroad  track  to  connect 
with  some  point  on  the  river  is  progressing. 

Windy  Camp.—  S.  Weil  has  been  working 
on  the  sale  of  the  Windy  Camp  property.  The 
transfer  has  been  made,  but  there  are  a  few 
matters  to  settle  as  regards  title.  The  pur- 
chasing parties  will  expend  some  £100,000  on 
the  property  as  soon  as  a  clear  abstract  can  be 
showTu. 

ToeEcreka  Telhrium.— Free  Pirxx:  The 
Eureka  Tellurium  or  Scherer  mine  and  works 
will  start  up  April  1st  under  the  superinten- 
dence of  Mr.  Murdock.  W.  D.  Swezey,  the 
president  of  the  company,  will  also  give  the 
mine  considerable  attention. 

French  Gulch.— The  Gladstone  mine  is 
running  twenty  stamps  and  employing  forty- 
five  men.  The  ore  averages  well  and  the 
mine  is  in  a  prosperous  condition. 

.  The  old  Washington  has  a  very  rich  ore  body 
and  is  making  bullion  faster  than  at  any  time 
in  the  last  twenty  years. 

Parties  working  in  the  Niagara  report  a 
phenomenally  rich  ore  body. 

The  Myers  mine  is  also  running  on  some 
high-grade  ore. 

Wra.  Stevens,  who  has  been  erecting  the 
mill  for  Ellery  Bros.,  reports  the  mill  ready 
for  operation.  It  will  probably  be  started 
this  week. 

Parties  down  from  Trinity  Center  report 
the  snow  "fast  disappearing,  and  in  a  short 
time  the  country  will  be  full  of  prospectors. 
Jack  Strode  continues  to  pile  up  rich  rock,  and 
the  indications  are  that  this  district  will 
produce  between  $200,000  and  £300,000  this 
season. 

The  Minnesota  mine  on  Spring  creek  has 
made  arrangements  to  run  through  200  tons  of 
ore  from  Foster's  mine. 

Jack  Karmeen  reports  matters  at  the  Hid- 
den Treasure  very  satisfactory.  The  mill 
crushes  thirty  tons  daily. 

Col.  Jack  Stowell  is  negotiating  the  sale  of 
his  claims  to  an  Eastern  syndicate. 

The  Uncle  Sam  has  been  using  water  power 
to  run  its  mill  since  September,  and  from 
present  appearances  will -not  need  steam  be- 
fore July.  Supt.  James  shows  some  fine  ore 
chutes  as  the  result  of  last  year's  work. 

Old  Diggings. — Hart's  Texas  &  Georgia  is 
running  twenty  stamps  as  usual.  A  long 
tunnel  to  tap  the  lower  levels  is  in  progress. 

Quartz  Hill  is  to  be  uuder  the  management 
of  Assayer  Luekhart  of  San  Francisco.  The 
mill  will  be  started  soon. 

Other  Districts.—  W.  P.  Miller's  mill  at 
Middle  creek  laid  still  two  days  this  week  on 
account  of  a  broken  rock-breaker. 

John  Docblin,  near  Muletown,  made  a  ulce 
cleanup 'from  his  gravel  claim.  It  paid  from 
$S  to  $10  per  day  to  the  man.  With  plenty  of 
water  this  claim  would  bo  very  productive. 

C'hiipinan  &  VoHiOtino  hitve  ttipir  hydiwiHo 


working  and  are  doing  effective  work  on  blear 
creek.  Their  ground  ought  to  yield  from 
$12,000  to  ¥15,000  a  month. 

Charles  Jones  has  his  new  null  running  at 
Muletown. 

Judge  Reed  of  Jgo  is  examining  a  new 
quartz  find  on  Oak  Kun,  thirty-five  miles  oast 
of  here,  and  will  move  his  Huntington  mill 
from  Igo  over  there.  The  ore  is  free  milling 
and  averages  $20  gold  per  ton.  The  ledge  is 
eight  feet  wide  and  no  waste  in  it. 

Work  is  to  be  resumed  on  Oregon  gulch 
drift  diggings  next  week. 

Trinity. 

Fisher  Gulch.  —Journal:  Messrs.  Ralston 
&  Speucer,  who  have  a  lease  on  the  Fisher 
Gulch  and  Bonanza  quartz  mines  in  the 
Canyon  Creek  mining  district,  are  prosecuting 
work  on  these  properties. 

Deamwooi).-- Charles  Gilzcan  has  struck  a 
very  rich  ledge.  It  is  about  S00  feet  south  or 
the  Brown  Bear  mine.  The  ledge  is  small, 
but  very  rich,  tho  gold  being  coarse  and 
heavy. 

J.  N.  McDonald,  Tom  O'Keefe  aud  J.  H. 
Blagrave  commenced  work  this  week  on  their 
lease  in  the  Last  Chance  stopes. 

Wm.  A.  Blagrave  has  discovered  the 
western  extension  of  the  Brown  Bear  ledge. 
He  has  a  lease  on  it,  and  is  running  a  tunnel 
to  tap  it  under  the  big  slide  north  of  the 
Brown  Bear  mill. 

The  Brown  Bear  Dump  Co.  started  up  their 
mill  the  latter  part  of  last  week  and  arc  run- 
ning full  time.  The  result  of  their  last  run 
was  not  satisfactory.  They  drove  their 
tunnel  farther  under  the  dump,  and  from  all 
indications  their  present  run  will  prove  sat- 
isfactory. 

NEVADA. 

Strike  at  Kennedy. — W.  A.  Nixon  has 
made  a  strike  in  French  Bov  canyon.  Assays 
of  the  ore  run  from  £200(1  to  $400*0  per  ton  and 
the  ore  chamber  seems  large.  Considerable 
of  the  ore  has  already  been  taken  out. 

Lyon  County.— The  Tinas  savs  that  C.  'J'. 
Martin  and  W.  H.  Spragg,  of  Mason  vallcv 
have  discovered  some  pretty  fair  gold  pro- 
spects in  Mason  valley,  about  six  miles  Eo  the 
southwest  of  Yerington.  The  deposits  are  in 
the  range  of  hills  lying  between  Mason  and 
Smith  valleys,  and  are  about  two  miles  from 
the  Walker  river.  Other  prospectors  have 
discovered  gold  in  that  section.  It  is  low 
grade  material,  but  the  indications  are  that 
there  is  considerable  of  it  as  the  ledges  arc 
large. 

On  the  Comstock.—  Con.  Cal.  aud  Va.— 
1050  level- On  the  sixth  Moor  in  the  new  ore 
body,  the  second  floor  below  the  sill  floor  'if 
this  level,  the  east  crosscut  started  at  a  point 
125  feet  south  of  the  vertical  winze  which 
connects  with  the  1000  level  has  been  ex- 
tended 20  feet,  to  a  total  length  of  05  feel, 
passing  through  a  quartz  formation  assaying 
$10  per  ton,  and  reaching  the  old  slope  tim- 
bers. At  a  point  in  the  south  drift  on  this 
floor  85  feet  south  from  the  vortical  winze  a 
west  erosscut  was  started  and  has  been  run 
20  feet  through  low-grade  quartz  to  the  west 
or  footwall.  On  the  ninth  floor  the  drift  run- 
ning south  from  tbe  south  end  of  the  stope 
has  been  advanced  34  feet  to  a  total  length  of 
09  feet,  its  face  being  in  porphyry.  On  the 
twelfth  floor  the  east  crosscut  has  been  ex- 
tended 5  feet  to  a  total  length  of  70  feet,  with 
its  face  in  porphyry  and  low-grade  quartz. 
From  this  east  crosscut,  to  a  point  18  feot  in 
from  its  mouth,  two  drifts  have  been  run,  one 
to  the  north  in  low-grade  quartz  12  feet,  and 
the  other  to  the  south  0  feet  in  a  formation 
carrying  narrow  streaks  of  ore  which  give  an 
average  assay  value  of  $22.70  per  ton.  An 
opening  has  been  made  from  the  thirteenth 
floor  up  to  the  fourteenth  floor  10  feet  long 
and  0  feet  wide,  through  low-grade  quartz, 
porphyry  and  some  clay.  The  stope  started 
from  the  south  drift,  from  the  east  crosscut, 
from  the  main  north  lateral  drift,  on  the  sill 
floor  of  this  level  at  a  point  20  feet  from  its 
mouth  has  been  carried  up  7  feet  to  a  total 
height  of  22  feet.  This  opening  is  10  feet  long 
and  0  feet  wide,  through  ore  0  feet  in  width, 
lying  against  the  west  wall,  and  carrying  on 
the  average  an  assay  value  of  $00  per  Ion. 
1750  level— From  the  end  of  the  drift  running 
south  from  the  south  end  of  the  stope  on  the 
fourth  floor  two  crosscuts  have  been  i  un,  one 
to  the  east  15  feet  through  porphyry  and 
quartz  of  low  assay  value,  and  the  other  lo 
the  west  0  feet  through  low- guide  quartz  to 
the  west  wall.  A  small  portion  of  the  ore  ex- 
tracted during  the  week  came  from  the  thir- 
teenth floor  above  mentioned  and  the  re- 
mainder from  the  opening  made  from  Ihc 
south  drift  from  the  east  crosscut  on  the  sill 
floor  of  the  1050  level,  amounting  to  52  tons, 
which  assayed  per.car  sample  $40.02  per   ton. 

In  the  Ophir  mine  during  the  week  the 
usual  prospecting  work  was  done  in  the  1405- 
foot  level  openings  and  in  the  old  Central  lun- 
nel  region.  Most  of  the  openings  are  in  por- 
phyry and  low-grade  quartz. 

In  the  Hale  &  Norcross  mine  a  west  cross- 
cut was  started  near  the  north  boundary  line 
on  the  075-foot  level  and  advanced  12  feet. 
The  face  is  in  porphyry  and  quartz.  The 
south  drift  from  the  west  crosscut  No.  1  on 
this  level  was  extended  8  feet  to  a  length  of 
76  feet,  and  the  face  shows  a  narrow  streak  of 
fair-grade  ore.  On  the  intermediate  level 
they  have  stopped  work  in  the  north  drift  and 
advanced  the  south  drift  to  a  length  of  31 
feet.  In  it  are  porphyry  and  stringers  of 
quartz.  They  extracted  during  the  week 
eight  carloads  of  ore  averaging  $20.68  per  ton. 

Gold-Bearing  Quartz. — William  Ross,  who 
has  been  prospecting  in  the  Fox  range  of 
mountains,  about  twenty  miles  north  of  Pyra- 
mid lake,  says  he  has  discovered  a  lead  that 
Is  over  one  hundred  feet  wide,  and  that  ( an 
be  traced  by  croppiugs  for  over  four  miles. 
The  formation  in  which  the  lead  is  situated  is 
porphyry  on  the  hanging  wall  and  slate  on  the 
footwall,  The  trend  of  the  lead  is  almost 
due  north  and  south,  with  a.  dip  to  the  west. 
The  ore  has  a  bluish   tin  go,   contains  a   high 

percpntiigo  of  grtuUto  nod  contains  conuldcr 


March  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pres^. 


187 


able  gold.  The  ore  is  free  from  bflfQ  petal 
and  sulphurets,  the  gangue  being  quartz  and 
graphite.  Assayers  saj  It  can  be  worked  by 
ordinary  mill  process,  as  tbe  gold  is  free. 
■  he  "i-..'  have  been  taken  to  I  be 
State  University,  Thereto  an  abundance  of 
wood  and  about  fifty  inches  of  water,  with 
plenty  <»f  fall.  Tbe  mine  Is  about  eighty  miles 
due  north  of  Reno,  and  Le  about  forty  miles 
from  the  terminus  of  the  N.  U.  O.  ;it  Amedee 
The  owners  are  William  ROSS,  Frank  Dickin- 
son, Seelej  Trumbull,  William  Prost,  James 
Butcliffe,  J.  A.  Bonham,  J.  P.  Bonham,  John 
Raser,  Homer  Bonham  and  it.  F.  Dioklnson, 
who  have  located  aboul  5000  feel  of  tbe   lead 

ARIZONA. 

S\.\  i  \   M  lhia  *  lofPBB  Mines.-  >  ••>"  let".    J. 

A.   and   P.   A,    H'-aly  have  sold  their  g pof 

copper  mines  ..ii  the  Santa  Maria  to  San  Pran- 
Cisco  parties  for  180,000,  cash  down.  The 
group  Is  located  about  eighteen  miles  below 
the  i  loodenougfa  camp.  The  purchasers  will 
work  the  mine  on  an  extensive  ieale. 

<;.  A.  R.  MiHB.— Mohave  Miner.  Report 
comes  from  White  Hill-  Chat  an  immense  body 
of  silver  ore  has  bea*  encountered  below  water 
level  in  the  G.  A  K  mine,  owned  by  the  White 
Hills  r.mip.i'o  Samples  from  the  vein  run 
over  iioi)''iinees  is  silver  ond  four  ounces  gold 
per  U'ft-  This  is  the  first  strike  of  ore  that 
n  made  below  water  level  and  proves 
that  the  mines  go  down. 

Gold  k.\>  iikmknt  Staupepb. — ■ There  is  re- 

i    i  r Jerome,  an  account  of  a  strike  of 

kin  one  of  G.    W.    Hull's  mines,   two 

miles  south  oast  of  Jerome.  The  pay  streak 
is  fifteen  inches  in  width  and,  it  is  asserted, 
runs$2,0<Hi  p.id  per  ton.  Over  100  people  are 
Camped  on  the  ground  and  more  coming  in  the 
same  vicinity. 

The  Howell. —The  Howell  mill  is  now  being 
run  day  and  night  on  ore  from  the  Shelton 
mining  group,  on  upper  Lynx  Creek,  the 
Shelton  people  having  made  arrangements 
with  Mr.  Morse  to  mill  their  ore  pending  the 
arrival  and  erection  of  their  fifteen  stamp  mill. 

TheKic-i:\  Suit  DoV>S.—Stfver  Belt:  The 
Ripsey  mine,  near  Riverside,  of  which  great 
expnctal  tens  were  entertained,  has  shutdown 
after  a  few  days1  run  of  the  mill,  sufficient  to 
demonstrate  the  fact  that  the  ore  could  not 
be  made  pay.  A  few  men  are  retained  to  run 
a  drift  a  short  distance,  on  the  HOO-foot  level, 
to  the  ledge.  If  pay  ore  is  not  encountered 
there  all  work  will  stop. 

Kor  the  past  eight  or  nine  months  the  com- 
pany has  been  working  a  considerable  force 
opening  up  the  mine.  A  mill  was  erected  on 
the  Gila,  four  miles  below  Riverside;  also  a 
store  and  boarding-house  and  cabins  for  the 
employes.  The  expenditures  amounted  to 
about  170,000.  All  the  appointments  are  com- 
plete and  first-class;  all  that  is  lacking  is  pay 
ore. 

It  is  another  instance  of  building  an  ex-  J 
pensive  plant  before  a  mine  has  been  found  to  j 
supply  the  ore.  It  is  not  a  new  experience. 
Unfortunately,  it  has  been  far  too  common  in 
the  West,  and  Globe  district  has  experienced 
the  same  disappointment  more  than  once,  and 
is  still  feeling  the  evil  effects  of  those  dis- 
asters. 

Every  such  blunder  works  harm  to  the  min- 
ing industrv. 

OREGON. 

Will  Pdmp  Direct.— The  Tolo  Mining  Co. 
have  switched  on  their  idea  of  getting  water 
on  their  placer  mines  with  a  flume,  after 
spending  considerable  time  and  money  in  the 
endeavor,  and  will  pump  with  steam  from 
Rogue  river  direct.  The  flume  built  will  be 
used  for  running  tailings  into  the  stream. 

•Josephine  Co. 

Bought  a  Mine. — Ex-Collector  of  Customs 
equina,  of  this  city,  has  bought  the  Hammers- 
ley  mine  in  .Tump-off-Joe  precinct  for  $25,000. 
Jackson  Co. 

The  Ashland  Mixe.— Capt.  Jas.  Carroll  is 
having  the  Ashland  mine  experted.  His 
option  on  the  property  expires  next  week. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Lahdeau  Cheek.— The  placer  diggers  on 
Lardeau  creek  are  doing  well,  says  the  Revel- 
stroke  Mail.  Charles  Maiheson  picked  up  a 
splendid  specimen  a  few  days  ago  valued  at 
$15.  John  Knowles  has  some  splendid  samples 
of  gold,  about  $3.00,   in   nuggets,   ranging  in 


value  from  'S*  cents  to  flO,  and  which  he  has 
taken  out  of  the  creek  in  the  last  few  months. 

TbbTioeh  Pi  Mi-. -The  Tiger  Company  is 
dow  putting  Id  the  heaviest  pump  that  hae  so 

far  I'-'fo  introduced  into  the  Cu-iir  d'Alenes. 
This  will  he  on  the  ninth  level,  and  will  pump 

600  gallons  nl  water  per  minute  to  a  beighl  of 

7."hi  feet.  The  discharge  pipe  is  nine  inches  in 
diameter.  Altogether  there  are  75,000  pounds 
of  machinery  included  in  the  pump  ami  its  con- 
neotious.      It     is    of    tin:   Keidter  plan,  and  was 

furnished  hy  FYaser  &  Chalmers  ol   Chicago. 

At  present  the  Tiger  mill  is  working  only  one 
Shift-— the  mine  two  shifts.  It  is  doing  very 
good  work,  and  turning  nut  concentrates  of  a 
very  good  grade.  About  sixty-five  men  are 
employed. 

The  C'ki  u  h'Ai.km;.  Five  loads  of  concen- 
trates are  sent  in  over  the  Coaur  d'Alene 
branch  each  day  from  the  I'oormau  and  Gem 
mines  and  the  other  mines,  except  the  Bunker 
Hill  and  Sullivan,  are  contributing  their  share 
of  the  business.  There  is  some  activity  in 
nearly  all  of  the  mines  now  and  the  branch 
lines  of  the  Northern  Pacific  are  in  better 
condition  than  they  have  been  at  any  spring 
since  the  Cunir  d'Alene  was  completed.  The 
average  depth  of  snow  on  the  range  last  win- 
ter was  only  three  feet,  where  it  was  from 
ten  to  sixteen  a  year  ago.  This  snow  has 
melted  gradually  this  spring  and  there  has 
been  no  material* damage  to  the  road. 
SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

The  Holy  Terror. — Pioneer:  The  Holy  Ter- 
ror mine  is  cleaning  up  fully  $2,000  per  day 
from  their  small  stamp  mill.  The  ore  at  the 
end  of  the  drift  is  as  rich  as  it  was  in  the  tun- 
nel, and  is  now  in  about  thirty  feet.  The  rich 
streak  continues  all  the  way  in  and  shows  no 
signs  of  petering  out,  but  is  gaining  in  width. 
The  owners  have  a  fortune  and  are  quietly 
working  away  and  milling  the  rock.  They 
ship  to  the  mint  at  Philadelphia.  The  bat- 
teries of  the  mill  have  to  be  cleaned  every 
night.  The  owners  claim  now  to  have  enough 
ore  to  run  the  stamp  mill  for  four  months.  A 
collection  of  forty-eight  specimens  sorted  from 
the  ore  sent  up  were  divided  into  four  piles, 
one  for  each  of  the  owners,  who  cast  lots  for 
first  choice.  The  one  who  gained  the  first 
pick  was  at  a  loss  to  choose,  as  they  were  all 
very  rich. 

The  clean-up  for  the  forty-eight  hours  end- 
ing Tuesday  night  gave  an  even  S8.000,  or 
§4,000  a  day. 


The  Oriental  Gas  Engine 


IS  THE  BEST  be- 
cause it  combines 
simplicity  of  con- 
struction with  power 
andeconomy  of  space. 
It  can  be  run  with 
natural  or  manufac- 
tured gas  orgasoline. 

It  can  be  used  for 
pumping  purposes,  as 
well  as  for  all  pur- 
poses where  a  perfect 
engine  is  required, 
with  the  advantage 
of  lessening  tbe  risk 
of  explosions.  No 
licensed  engineer  at 
a  high  salary  needed 
to  operate  it. 

Send  for  circulars 
and  prices  if  a  good 
safe  engine  is  what 
you  need. 


The  Oriental  Launch  is  perfection. 
M.  A.  GRAHAM, 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer, 
105  Jleale  Street San  Francisco. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist  and  Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 

Will  examine    Mines,  Ore    Bodies,    Mineral 

t  Belts  or  Zones,  and  make  written  Mineralist 

I  ReportM.  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 

>  plication  for  services.    I  make  my  own  assays 

nri"  select   my  own  samples    when    examlng 

lim  h.    Eighteen  years'  experience.    Analysis 

■r  anil  m<j11h. 


mmm 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN  A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USED  THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  

CAPACITIES  ,SO  TONS  !    DIFFERENT 
PER  HOUR.)        SIZES. 


_^» -JgQ     tf^    PLANTS  lH**^-^, 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY    DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,  King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinerj . 

"M,"  50  S.  Clinton  St. 

ICAGO.  ILLS.,  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS  X 


NEW   VOOK. 
136    LIBERTY   ST. 


LONDON,   C.   C, 
73   A   QUEEN    VICTORIA   ST. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO, 
B    CALLE    DE    GANTE 


casgadTwateFwheeL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  'Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&C0.8pringfield,0hio,U.S.A. 


Books   on  Working  Ores. 

By  GUIDO  KUSTEL,  M.  E. 
Koastixg  of  Gold  and  Sii.vbh  ORES   (Second  Edi 
tion)    and    the     Extraction    of    their   Respective 
Metals  Without  Quicksilver.    By  Gt'iuo  Kustel, 
M.  E. 

This  rare  houk  on  i  he  treatment  ui  gold  and  sliver 
ore  without  quicksilver  Is  liberally  illustrated 
and  crammed  full  of  facts.  It  gives  short  and  con- 
cise descriptions  of  various  processes  and  appara- 
tus employed  In  this  country  and  In  Europe  and  the 
why  and  wherefore.  It  contains  lof!  pages,  embrac- 
ing illustratluus  of  furnaces,  supplements  and  work- 
ing apparatus.  It  is  a  work  of  great  merit,  by  an 
author  whose  reputation  is  unsurpassed  in  his 
specially.  Price.  $3.  postpaid.  For  sale  by  THE 
MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  2UU  Market  St., 


The  Explorers*  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

By  J.  S.  PHILLIPS,  M.  E. 

A  practical  exposition  of  the  various  departments 
of  Geology.  Exploration,  Mining-,  Engineering.  As- 
saying and  Metallurgy. 

The  work  Is  divided  into  four  partB— Rocks.Veins. 
Testing  and  Assaying.  The  geological  chapters  are 
Intended  to  give  miners  a  practical  idea  of  the 
various  formations.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins 
are  derived  from  long  observation,  and  the  section 
on  exploration  has  been  carefully  considered.  All 
that  relates  to  discrimination  and  assay  has  been 
kept  as  free  from  formulas  as  possible.  The  work 
Is  written  for  practical  men,  and  all  the  explana- 
tions and  discrlptlone  are  clear  and  to  the  point.  It 
is  so  prepared  that  it  is  useful  to  uneducated  men 
as  well  as  scientists. 

Price  f6.00  postpaid.  Sold  by  THE  MINING  AND 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Market  St.,  Sun  Francisco. 


MINING,  IRON  AND  WOODWORKING 

MACHINERY  AND  SUPPLIES 

INGERSOLL-SERGEANT  PISTON  INLET  AIR  COMPRESSORS  AND   ROCK  DRILLS 

ENGINES  AND  BOILERS 


21  AND  23  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  GAL 


fllNE  m  bell  m  SIGNALS. 

E?PR  THE  CQNYBNIBNOE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  TEE  MJNINQ  POUNTIES  WE   PRINT   [N   LEGAL   SIZE, 
*     the  voorhies  Act,  passed  by  tho  State  legislature  and  approved  Match  8. 1898.    Tbe  law  Is  entitled  '•'  An  Aot  to  EstaL— . 

pt?«i°'*°""'?a vw" I* ■ pfBW?MPB 9'  Miners. "  W?  P99  fiwiiib  tfcasi  spools  a»J  Retell  pr'irteS  98  etetb  so  «§  jn.  witsstanfl  dampness,  (or BO  pen^  i  pop? 


Adopted,  Used  and  In  Force  in  Accordance 
with  State  Law. 

,    J  X86INCHE8,  THE.  MINK  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  FRQyUJMO  FOR  IN 

The  law  Is  entitled  n  An  Aot  to  Establish  .a  Unifocal  System  pt  Mine  Bell  Stenals to  Be 'Used  In  All  MU>ee,  Qjj>**m  In  the 


188 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  23,  1895. 


Electrical 


Progress. 


Electric  Lighting  in  Hexico. 


There  are  not  yet  many  electric 
lighting  plants  in  Mexico,  and  those 
now  runuing  have  usually  some  feature 
out  of  common.  That,  for  example,  at 
Aguas  Calientes  is  interesting.  While 
successful  in  every  way,  it  could  not 
depend  on  its  regular  street  and  com- 
mercial lighting  for  an  income.  The 
earniugs  of  the  company  for  auy  par- 
ticular month  can  be  estimated  with  a 
fair  degree  of  accuracy  from  the 
number  of  saints'  days  on  the  calendar. 
The  station  is  so  equipped  as  to  supply 
churches  with  extra  light  at  short 
notice,  and  often  from  200  to  300  lamps 
are  put  into  one  church  temporarily  at 
a  lucrative  price.  The  six  largest 
churches  of  the  city  are  lighted  by  the 
company.  Last  Christmas  time  large 
crowds  poured  into  the  Cathedral  to 
witness  the  special  illumination.  In 
the  center  of  the  altar  was  a  life-sized 
figure  of  Christ.  Radiating  outward 
from  this  central  figure  were  strips  of 
silver  gilt,  and  at  the  point  of  each  of 
the  radiations  was  a  sixteeu-candle 
power  lamp.  An  additional  200  lamps 
were  employed  in  a  large  inscription 
of  the  word  ':  Maria."  The  effect  was 
striking  and  the  people  were  delighted. 
But  the  time  when  the  resources  of  the 
station  are  most  severely  taxed  is  the 
feast  of  San  Marcos.  The  Mexicans 
are  born  gamblers,  and  San  Marcos 
is  the  great  gambling  feast  of  the  year. 
Between  the  20th  of  April  and  the  10th 
of  May  visitors  flock  into  the  city  from 
all  parts  of  the  country  to  the  number 
of  60,000  or  70,000,  and  among  these 
there  is  a  liberal  admixture  of  Amer- 
ican and  European  travelers.  The 
city  is  given  up  to  high  revelry,  and  all 
gamble  from  high  to  low,  according  to 
their  financial  capacity.  The  head- 
quarters of  the  play  is  the  Hotel  de 
San  Marcos,  where  special  apart- 
ments are  gorgeously  fitted  up  with 
mirrors  and  upholstery,  and  brightly 
illuminated  with  novel  lighting  designs. 
Around  the  tables  are  to  be  seen  the 
youth,  beauty  and  wealth  of  Mexico, 
and  the  game  goes  on  night  and  day. 
Moreover,  the  celebrated  San  Marcos 
gardens  are  specially  wired  for  colored 
lamps,  and  the  whole  scene  is  fairy- 
land. Even  if  somebody  "breaks  the 
bank,"  the  electric  light  plant  comes 
out  ahead.  Two  other  curious  features 
distinguish  the  plant.  It  uses  wood 
for  fuel  in  preference  to  coal  at  S15  a 
ton,  and  the  station  hands  are  paid 
daily  for  fear  the  affluence  and  oppor- 
tunities of  a  whole  week's  wage  all  at 
once  should  be  too  much  for  them. 


wrecks  or  any  one  struggling  in  the 
water.  By  reversing  the  motor  can 
be  made  to  rewind  its  wire  or  to  come 
home  with  its  burden.  By  day  it  car- 
ries flags,  and  by  night  its  location  is 
marked  by  an  incaudescent  lamp  on  it. 
Any  ship  or  life  station  that  has  an 
electric  light  plant  can  operate  from 
deck  or  shoi'e  this  life  saver,  and  it  is 
believed  it  will  soon  find  its  place 
among  the  best  appliauces  of  the  kind. 

Electric  Light  Photography. 


Electric  Life  Buoys. 


A  large  electric  company  of  Berlin, 
Germany,  is  making  a  life  buoy  for  use 
on  shipboard,  which  is  fitted  with  an 
electric  lamp  so  as  to  be  visible  at 
night  in  the  water.  The  floating  ap- 
paratus is  made  of  waterproof  linen, 
and  is  sufficient  to  bear  the  weight  of 
three  persons  in  the  water,  life  belts 
being  attached  to  the  buoy.  Inside 
the  canvas  buoy  is  a  double  wooden  box 
containing  an  accumulator  with  gelat- 
inous electrolyte,  and  it  is  capable  of 
feeding  an  incandescent  lamp  for  six 
hours.  The  incandescent  lamp  sur- 
mounts the  floating  buoy  in  a  strong 
wire  frame,  and  is  further  protected 
by  an  outer  strong  glass  globe.  When 
the  apparatus  is  hanging  on  board 
ship,  the  weight  of  the  lower  portion 
automatically  switches  off  the  current, 
but  as  soon  as  the  buoy  is  released  and 
dropped  into  the  water  four  powerful 
springs  switch  the  current  on.  The 
accumulator  will  last  for  two  months 
before  requiring  to  be  recharged,  so 
that  the  apparatus  can  be  employed  on 
board  ship  where  there  is  no  dynamo. 
The  apparatus  weighs  100  pounds,  but 
the  accumulator  can  be  made  lighter, 
with,  of  course,  a  corresponding  de- 
crease in  the  duration  of  the  light.  A 
further  and  promising  form  of  electric 
life  buoy  has  now  been  proposed  in  the 
nature  of  a  dirigible  craft,  such  as  have 
already  been  used  successfully  in  war- 
fare. It  carries  a  motor  and  a  reel  of 
wire,    and   can    be    directed    towards 


Mr.  Adamson,  of  Glasgow,  Scotland, 
has  been  exhibiting  a  photographic  ap- 
paratus using  fifty-candle  power  in- 
candescent lamps,  about  forty  in  num- 
ber, arranged  in  a  circle  inside  an  um- 
brella-shaped reflector.  The  lamps  are 
run  up  to  double  or  treble  their  normal 
power  at  the  moment  of  exposure. 
This,  as  every  electrician  knows,  will 
not  only  blacken  the  lamps  at  once, 
but  shorten  their  life  at  the  same 
time.  The  arc  lamp  is  now  so  perfect, 
its  light  is  so  much  better  than  day- 
light for  portraiture  work,  and  the 
cost  of  maintenance  and  for  current  so 
small  compared  with  that  of  the  in- 
candescent system,  that  the  experts 
fail  to  see  the  reason  for  the  adoption 
of  incandescent  lamps  for  such  a  pur- 
pose. Perhaps  the  greatest  use  of  the 
arc  light  in  photographic  work  now 
occurs  in  American  newspaper  offlces, 
where  resort  is  made  to  free  illustra- 
tion. The  speed  and  neatness  with 
which  the  latest  sketches  from  the  seat 
of  war.  crime  or  disaster  are  thus  con- 
verted into  blocks  and  are  run  through 
the  press  alongside  type  is  considered 
marvelous  by  foreign  journalists. 


One  of  the  highest  medical  authori- 
ties in  England  made  a  merited  at- 
tack upon  the  medical  electrician 
in  a  lecture  delivered  by  him  on  Febru- 
ary 11th  before  the  London  Institution. 
Taking  as  bis  subject,  "Truth  and 
Falsehood  as  to  the  Effect  of  Electric 
Currents  on  the  Body,"  he  showed  the 
present  state  of  our  knowledge  regard- 
ing the  subject.  Referring  to  the  ef- 
fects of  the  various  currents  on  nerves, 
he  showed  a  number  of  experiments 
and  quoted  Galvini's  celebrated  frog 
experiment.  Some  of  the  "quacks" 
advertise  their  electric  belts  and  such 
wares  in  the  stereotyped  phrase, 
"Electricity  is  the  Life,"  and  Prof. 
Horsley  showed  the  falsehood  and  de- 
ceit therein  contained.  The  only  legiti- 
mate purpose  for  which  an  electrical 
current  could  be  used  in  medicine  or 
surgery  was  to  stimulate  or  call  out 
action  in  some  particular  muscle,  or  to 
stimulate  some  other  physiological  ac- 
tion, such  as  secretion.  But  the  cur- 
rents required  to  do  this  must  be  pow- 
erful and  intense.  After  speaking  in 
very  strong  terms  of  C.  B.  Harness's 
Company  and  its  quackery,  he  referred 
to  electrical  quackery  having  had  to  be 
slaughtered  by  public-spirited  private 
individuals  instead  of  by  the  real  public 
prosecutor,  whose  real  duty  it  was. 

THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something;  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 
>5^ 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

1A/7VY.  H.  BIRCH  &  CO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
Gary  Steam  Pumps.  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin- 
ery, Boilers.  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 
Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 
11^  Beale    St.,   San  F'ranclsco. 

INVENTORS,       Take       Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

2'2ti  Market  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kiud% 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasswork.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  confidential. 


ELECTRICITY 

Mechanical  Drawing;  Architecture;  Architectural  Drawing  ami  Designing; 
Carpentry  and  Joinery:  OrmtmenJal  anil  structural  Iron  Work;  steam  Engineer- 
ing (.stationary.  Locomotive  or  Marine);  Railway  Engineering;  Bridge  Engineering;  Munici- 
''.'!'  Engineering:  numbing  ami  Healing;  Coat  ami  Metal  Minimi:  Prospecting,  ami  the 
Jinglis/i  Branches.  Until  further  notice  experimental  apparatus  will  be  furnished  free  to 
students.    Send  for  Free  Circular,  stating  the  subject  you  wish  to  study  to 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranton,  Pa. 


Ma 
Masonry: 


Pi 

mm! 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


A& 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliabl<\ 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
bundled  and  operated  by  onu 
man,  -and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  or 
the  drill.  It  should  be  iu  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If  you  are  interested  in 
Rock      Drilling    Correspond 

with  us. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

Office  and  Warerooms:  9  FREMONT  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cai. 

Or,   Address  the  Company  at  its  Denver  Office. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

MonadDOCk  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrc-oU  P.  O CaDada 

Apartado  830 C!l  ty  ol  Mexico 


Hendrie  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co., 

BNUER, 


DENY/ER,     COLORADO. 

LATEST   IMPROVED 


Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 


I  IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 


General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  50LICIT0RS. 

2ZO  TVleii-tcot  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


March   28    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


The  Mineral   Hydrocarbons. 


riirir  History,  UeoKraphy.Uculuuy.  Physical  an  J 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uses. 


MMIlKIt    X  W 


Written  for  tho  Miking  am<Si  ii:m  iki-  Punas  und 
copytigbteu  I8W   by  Henry  Q.  Hiraks.  P.  G.  S. 

Prom  a  letter  dated  Castel-a-Mare, 
ancient  StabiiE,  September  2,  1 7H4,  by 
the  same  author,  ths following  is  quoted: 

'Within  a  mile  of  this  place,  the 
mosetei  are  still  vei-v  active,  and  par- 
ticularly under  the  spot  where  the 
ancient  town  of  stui>i;e  was  situated. 
On  the  ^tth  of  August  a  young  lad,  by 
incident  falling  into  a  well  that  was 
,iiv.  but  full  of  mephitie  vapor,  was 
Immediately  suffocated.  There  were 
no  signs  of  any  hnrl  from  the  fall,  as 
the  well  was  shallow.  This  circum- 
stance culled  to  my  mind  the  death  of 
the  elder  Pliny,  who  most  probably 
lost  his  life  by  the  same  sort  of  me- 
phitic  vapor  on  this  very  spot,  and 
which  is  very  active  after  great  erup- 
tinns  of  Vesuvius." 

There  is  a  similar  locality  at  Am- 
Banctus  in  the  ancient  province  of 
Samnium,  at  the  temple  of  Mephitis. 
Virgil  has  made  this  locality  famous  in 
the  following  verse: 

"There  is  a  place,  amidsl  [taluVs  land. 
Of  nute  illustrious,  beneath  mountains  high, 
Sounded    aloud    by   fame   through   many  a 

clime, — 
The    valleys    of     Amsanetus:     these     with 

boughs 
mow  buiicd  on  cu,-h  side,  a  wood  hangs  o'er, 
And  in  the  midst  a  roaring  cataract, 
'Mongst  rocks,  with  giddy  whirlpools  hoarse 

resounds. 
Here  a  terrific  chasm  is  shown,  deep  vent    ■ 
Of  ruthless  Pluto;  where  a  vortex  vast, 
From  bureten  Acheron  pesrif'rous  yawns: 
Therein  Alecto,  now-abhorred  name!  — 
Plunging     mm    sight,    diseumber'd    earth 

and  Heav'n." 
i  Eneid,  book  VII,  768.) 

In  "The  Natural  History  of  Vesu- 
vius, 1743,"  before  quoted,  fol.  195, 
may  be  found  a  very  detailed  account 
of  the  ''mossetto".  First  Grotto  del 
Cane  is  described:  "Such  is  what 
we  call  the  mossetto,  of  which  we  have 
others  in  the  neighborhood  of  Naples 
and  in  different  parts  of  the  kingdom. 
»  *  *  *  rpne  Lake  of  Averno 
might  anciently  pass  for  a  kind  of 
mossetto,  for  the  Greeks  gave  it  the 
name  of  '  aorne  '  because  its  exhala- 
tions were  so  pestilential  as  to  kill  the 
birds  that  accidentally  flew  across  it 
(aorne  signifies  a  place  without  birds, 
or  which  the  birds  shun  or  dare  not 
pass  without  danger).  *  *  *  *  We 
call,  then,  a  mosetto,  a  steam  which  is 
deadly  to  all  animals  that  remain  in  it, 
that  extinguishes  a  flame  suddenly, 
not  by  its  stench,  nor  coldness  nor  heat, 
nor  any  visible  or  apparent  quality,  but 
from  some  occult  cause  which  our 
senses  cannot  discover  "  (fol.  19(5).  "We 
say  that  this  vapor  extinguishes  the 
tlame,  for  you  no  sooner  let  down  a 
lighted  lurch  or  candle  into  its  atmos- 
phere than  it  goes  out  as  suddenly  as  if 
plunged  into  water  (fol.  197).  *  *  * 
We  shall  say  nothing  of  a  third  kind  of 
exhalation  which  we  may  call  '  arti- 
ficial mosetti,'  such  as  the  steam  of 
new  wine  when  in  the  fat,  that  of  sev- 
eral chemical  mixtures,  the  steam  or 
smell  of  charcoal  or  sulphurous  coal 
and,  lastly,  the  nuisance  of  air  when 
long  pent  up  in  the  same  compass  (fol. 
198).  Our  peasants  know  the  mosetto 
or  pestilential  exhalation  by  several 
marks— sometimes  the  grass  is  vio- 
lently agitated,  chiefly  in  those  places 
that  serve  as  vents  to  the  exhalation; 
sometimes  the  plants  appear  all  dead 
and  withered  by  the  malignity  of  its 
venom;  and  sometimes  they  know  by 
the  birds,  lizards  and  insects  which  lie 
smothered  in  its  course  (fol.  200)  *  * 
The  method  we  took  to  discover  their 
course  and  extent  was  by  light  and 
torches  we  carried  with  us.  These, 
when  held  in  the  atmosphere  of  a  mo- 
setto, immediately  went  out  and  the 
smoke  pointed  the  direction  of  the  ex- 
halation. *  *  *  *  We  made  some 
experiments  on  water  tainted  by  our 
exhalations  into  which  we  put  several 
sorts  of  fish.  Undoubtedly  they  felt 
some  pain,  for  they  darted  about  with 
surprising  velocity  and  signs  of  un- 
easiness, often  thrusting  their  heads 
above  the  surface,  which  they  seldom 
do  when  the  element  is  pure.     Eels  and 


Power, 
Hilling,    Hilling, 
Smelting,   Concentration 
and  Leaching  Hachinery;  Re- 
turn   Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me- 
chanical   Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines, 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried= 
ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines 
Cornish  Pumps,   Roots  Blowers,  Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,  Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers 
Crushing   Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes' 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional' 
Hachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 
Concrete  Mixers,   Heavy  Ha 
chinery  and   Mine    Sup> 
plies.  =  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Mex.; 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,   Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAUO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threailneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


■  MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

♦♦+  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦♦♦ 
OFFICE     MIND     WORKS:       34     and     36     /VYe»iri     Street,      San     Francisco,     Col. 


frogs  seemed  tn  bear  it  better,  though 
they  seemed  like  the  others  to  be  quite 
spent  and  lay  On  the  surface  with  their 
bellies  turned  up  as  if  dead.  Whether 
the  water  purged  itself  from  the  con- 
tagion soon  or  from  some  other  cause, 
they  all  revived  (two  or  three  eels  ex- 
cepted), and  being  removed  to  clean 
water,  soon  grew  as  well  as  ever 
(fol.  213)." 

Daubeny  refers  to  the  mosetti  in 
southern  Italy:  "About  a  mile  to  the 
east  of  Mount  Vultur,  in  a  place  called 
'  Rendina,' is  a  mosette  or  exhalation 
of  some  noxious  vapor  which  produces 
a  sharp,  smarting  sensation  on  the 
orgaus  of  sight,  smell  and  taste  and 
causes  a  fainting  in  those  who  breathe 
it  freely.  *  *  *  *  There  is  one  spot, 
however,  in  the  midst  of  a  torrent  which 
flows  along  tho  valley,  called  '  Vado 
Mortale,'  from  the  nature  of  the  mo- 
sette existing  there.  This,  which  is 
carbonic  acid,  attains  usually  to  the 
height  of  four  or  five  feet,  so  that  it  is 
constantly  fatal  to  animals  that  pass 
the  stream  at  that  point."  (Descrip- 
tion of  Active  and  Extinct  Volcanoes, 
(fol.  141-14:5.) 

The  phenomenon  of  dying  fish  is 
repeated  in  California,  many  being 
from  the  same  cause  killed  in  Clear  and 
Buena  Vista  lakes. 

(7o  hi'  continued.) 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

idi  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  PiW  *- 

For  CHLORI NATION   WORKS  and   Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F».  6c  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  illisSSSJSSSL^- 

221  South  Broudwuy,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


220  Market  St. 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


WANTED ! 

Miniug.superiiitendeht  to  take  charge  of  a  silver 
mine  in  Mexico.  Must  be  of  good  habits  uud 
thoroughly  reliable-  iu  every  respect,  and  nave  a- 
practical  knowledge  of  mining  and  inilliugisil-ver  ■ 
ores  and  able  to  speak  Spanish.  No  other'ueed' 
apply.    Address  BOX  J, 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 
220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


—        ■■!    mm  ■ 

Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  or  the  world.  Iu  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  iu  our  ofttce,  we  h  ivo  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can  - 
be  ottered i  home  inventors  by  oilier  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful  ■ 
practice  before  the  Otitic^ -ana  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  uf  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEW  BY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.    S  F 


190 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  23    1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  March  21,  1895. 
The  rise  in  silver  is  variously  accounted  for 
— the  adjournment  of  Congress,  the  monetary 
conference,  the  attitude  of  Germany,  the 
Japan  indemnity  are  among  the  causes  as- 
signed. It  is  probable  the  real  reason  is  the 
recognition  by  England  of  the  future  futility 
of  attempting  the  continued  demonetization 
cf  silver,  the  hoarding  in  anticipation  of  the 
terms  of  the  payment  of  China's  war  debt  to 
Japan,  which  is  practically  the  usual  matter 
of  supply  and  demand.  Like  everything  else, 
the  question  will  work  itself  out. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,  March  21. —PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.5u@12.50c. 
COPPER— Brokers',  9.35c;  exchange,  9.35c. 
LEAD— Brokers',  S3. 00;  exchange,  $3.10 
TIN -Straits,  13.90@14.10c. 
SPELTER— Domestic,  $3.12%. 

New   York  Prices. 

New  York,  Mar.  21.— Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, Silver  in , 

London.    N.  Y.     Copper.      Lead. 

Friday 28H       61?»  9  40         3 

Saturday 28&       61*b  9  35         3  00 

Monday 2&H       62  

Tuesday 28&       62?a  

Wednesday 29  63%  9  3d         3 

Thursday 39  623£  

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7(§<8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 10c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 12%c 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.88M 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers S4.89& 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce : &2%e 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 52%@53 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 

Per  lb ,  —  @      10 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots —  ©       5H 

Powdered,         "      —  @       &l/a 

Concentrated,  "      —  @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20  @      — 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing '. .      21  @     — 

Ingot,  jobbing —  @      16 

Ingot,  wholesale 13  @      14 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 5  25  @  6  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00  @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00  @18  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14  <a      16 


Wire.. 
Cut... 


NAILS. 


$2  90 
2  65 


Per  lb. 
Sheet... 


15    @    16  00 


PIG  TIN. 

ZINC.  . 

8X@ 

LEAD. 

Pig —  @      3  90 

Bar —  @      4  20 

Sheet —  @     5  25 

Pipe —  @      4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs...$l  20 

Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "...  1  45 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,      "  "...  1  45 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00   @ ■ 

COAL. 

SPOT  FROM   YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $  7  50 

7-50 


Greta. 

Nanaimo 

Gilman.... 

Seattle 

Coos  Bay 

Cannel 

Egg,  hard 

Wallsend 

Scotch  Splint I 

3rymbo 

vVest  Hartley 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian "T. ...  5  85    @ 

Liverpool  Steam 700    @ 

Scotch  Splint 650    @ 

Cardiff 650    @ 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00    @ 

Cumberland 1 1  00    @ 

Egg,  hard 12  00    @ 

West  Hartley 700    @ 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c 

English,  to  load 9  00 

"         spot,  in  bulk. 

"         in  sacks 

Cumberland 9  00 

LUMBER. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  — WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00 

Pine 13  00 

Spruce 25  00 


6  25 

5  75 

6  00 
5  50 

10  00 
12  50 

7  00 
7  50 

7  50 

8  50 


. @ 


$  bbl 

10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


18  00 
30  00 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  March  21,  1895. 

The  market  opened  weak,  with  some  im- 
provement during  the  week,  there  being 
nothing  of  note  in  the  daily  transactions.  The 
rise  in  silver  will  first  favorably  affect  the  Corn- 
stock  and  other  "going"  silver  properties, 
as  there  cannot  be  expected  any  general  re- 
sumption of  work  in  suspended'  silver  mines 
till  there  is  assurance  that  the  present  ad- 
vance is  something  more  than  a  spurt. 

There  is  a  new  find  of  ore  in  Occidental 
Con.,  and  the  north  drift  from  the  west  cross- 
cut, 500  level,  continues  in  §40  ore. 

The  directors  of  the  Holmes  Mining  Com- 
pany have  ratified  the  contracts  with  the 
syndicate  of  Chicago  and  foreign  capitalists, 
referred  to  in  last  week's  issue,  for  working 
the  tailings  and  low-grade  ores  of  the  com- 
pany and  also  cleaning  up  its  mills.  Work 
will  shortly  begin  at  Belleville. 

The  Gold  Run  Placer  M.  Co.  has  bought  the 
mines  of  that  name  south  of  Golcouda,  Nev, 

Salt  Lake  parties  are  again  reported  to  have 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 


Compiled  Ei'ery  Thursday  from  Advertisements 


Company  and  Location.  No. 

Belcher  SM  Co,  Nev 50. 

Booth  G  MCo,  Cal 5.. 

Brunswick  Con  &  M  Co,  Cal 8. . 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal 1., 

Challenge  Con,  Nev 18. , 

Con  New  York,  Nev 13. 

Crown  Point  G&SMCo,  Nev.. 65. 

Eureka  Con,  Nev 13.. 

Granite  GM  Co,  Cal 2.. 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co,  Cal 39. . 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal..   26. 

Iowa  M  Co,  Nev 20. 

Julia  Con  M  Co,  Nev 26. . 

Justice  M  Co,  Nev 58. . 

La  Candelaria  M  Co,  Mex 8. 

La  Grange  H  M  Co,  Cal 10. . 

North  San  Juan  G  M  Co 1. . 

Occidental  Con  M  Co,  Nev 18. . 

Osborn  Hill  G  M  Co,  Cal 4. . 

Reed  M&  MCo,  Nev 1.. 

South  Eureka  MCo,  Cal 17.. 

Starlight  Mining  Co,  Cal 5.. 


Company  and  Location. 
Champion  M  Co,  Cal 


And. 
..25c. 
.  2c. 
..  2c. 
..10c. 
. .  5c. 
..  5c. 
..25c. 
..25c. 

..  mc 

..5c. 
..10c. 
. .  oc. 
..  5c. 
..10c. 
..$2  .. 

-35c. 

.12c. 

.10c. 
..35c. 

.  2c. 

.   lc. 

.10c. 


in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  Sun  Pranclscn  Journals. 

.ASSESSMENTS- 

Levied,  Deling" t  and  Site.  Secretary. 

..Mar   5,  Apr    9,  Apr   30 C  L  Perkins,  309  Montgomery 

..Feb    18,  Mar  25,  Apr  17 Geo  R  Spinney,  310  Pine 

.  .Mar  20,  Apr  20,  May  15 J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery 

..Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  25 C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  16 CL  McCoy,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  17 Chas  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

..Mar  12.  Apr  16,  May   7 Jas.  Newlands,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  11 HP  Bush,  134  Market 

.  .Jan      2,  Mar     9,  Apr    6 WmSchaw 

..Mar    2,  Apr    8,  Apr  26 A  P  Swain  309  Montgomery 

..Jan   21,  Mar    6,  April  5 WW  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

..Mar   6,  Apr    9,  Apr   27 R  L  Thomas,  419  California 

.  .Feb    13,  Mar  20,  Apr  10 J  Stadtfeld,  Jr.,  309  Montgomery 

.  .Feb     9,  Mar  14,  Apr    3 RE  Kelly,  309  Montgomery 

.  Mar    7,  Apr     9,  Apr  27 G  A  Hill,  22  Market 

.Feb  23,  Apr     1,  Apr  22 A  Halsev,  328  Montgomery 

.  Jan    28,  Mar     8,  Mar  27 H  W  Morris.  143  First 

.Mar  20,  Apr  23,  May  15 A  K  Durbrow.  309  Montgomery 

.  .Feb  27,  Apr    4,  Apr   24 R  R  Grayson,  331  Pine 

.Dec    31,  Feb  11,  April  3..  John  H  Isham,  room 33.  Mills  Bldg. 

..Feb   20,  Apr     1,  Apr  22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

Feb    11.  Mar  18,  Apr    8 H  R  Williar,.2t4  Pine 

MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

.J  F  Holling,  1 13  Crocker  Building April   9 


bonded  some  Meadow  Lake  mining  claims  for 
$50,000. 

Bewing,  Moreing  ik  Hooper,  of  London,  are 
reported  negotiating  for  the  Rawhide  mine 
on  a  million- dollar  basis. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Chollar  Min- 
ing Company  98,822  shares  were  represented 
and  the  following  officers  elected :  A.  K.  P. 
Harmon,  president;  Thomas  Cole,  vice-presi- 
dent; and  Thomas  Anderson,  D.  C.  Bates  and 
E.  P.  Barrett,  directors.  Charles  E.  Elliott 
was  reelected  secretary.  His  statement 
showed  a  credit  balance  of  $7157.82.  H.  M. 
Gorbam  was  re-elected  superintendent.  His 
report  showed  that  the  company  made  $800 
over  all  expenses  during  the  past  month.   . 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 


Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated 

Andes . .  

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion , 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point 

Exchequer : 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross 

Justice ,. 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman v.. 

Potosi 

Savage it, 

Sierra  Nevada 

Union 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket 


14 


91 
1  4U 


53 

1  50 

2  8U 


41 
04 
53 
98 
18 
92 
1  80 
15 


21 


San   Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


100  Alpha  Con 

lOOAlta 25 

100  Best  &,  Belcher... .  «9 

100 88 

lOOBullion 21 

100  Chollar 51 

50  C.  C.  V 2  80 

100  Crown  Point 43 


San  Francisco,  March  21,  1895. 
3:30  a-.  M.  SESSION. 

350  Hale  &  Norcross..!  15 


100  Mexican 

50 90 

100  Savage 39 

500  Occidental 09 

150 08 

100  Sierra  Nevada. ...  80 

50  Yellow  Jacket ....  56 


SECOND  SESSION— 2  P.  M. 

200  Alta 251100  Crown  Point 40 

200  Bullion 21100  Eureka 10 

200  Bulwer .     20300  Kentuck 04 

100  Challenge 39  500  Occidental 08 

100  Con  Cal  &  Va 2  85300  Overman 16 


List  of   U.  S.   Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported    by    Dewey    &   Co.,    Pioneer    Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


FOR  THE  WEEK  ENDING  MARCH  12,  1895. 

535,662.— Frdit   Evaporator— A.   H.  Blackburn, 

Petaluma,  Cal. 
535,663.— Chimneys— A.  H.  Blackburn,  Petaluma, 

Cal. 
535,608  —  Locomotive— M.  B.  Bulla,  Yuma,  A.  T. 
535,674.— Bicycle— C.  A.  Coey,  Fairfield,  Wash. 
535,683.— Ore  Crusher— W.  G  Dodd,  S.  F. 
535,684  —Car  Coupling— W.   Dunlap,    San  Diego, 

535,694.— Can  Header,  Etc.— J.  W.  Gheen.  Port- 
land, Or. 
535,445.— Phonograph— L.  W.  Glass,  S.  F. 
535,588  —Fountain  Pen— P.   D.   Horton,  Oakland, 

Cal. 
635,541.— Batteries— A.  Hough,  S.  F. 
535,805.— Railway    Tool— B.    Molloy,    Golconda, 

Nev.    - 
535,718.— RESPIRATOR— R.  Nagler,  S.  F. 
535.770.— Wooden    Stopples— R.  F.    R  idebaugb, 

Tacoma,  Wash. 
535,771.—  Cutting     Machine  —  F.    J.    Richards, 

Needles,  Cal. 
535,742.— Ladder— Thos.  Sooy,  Gridley,  Cal. 
535,424.— Drag  Saw— A.  T.  Stimson,  Bayside,  Cal. 
535,634.— Chimney  Cap— F.  C.  &  H.  A.  Stober,  Sac- 
ramento, Cal. 
535,635.— Card   Receiver— J.  T.  Stone,  Oakland, 

Cal. 
535,472.— Punch  and  Die— N.  Troyer,  Astoria,  Or. 
535,474.— Egg  Beater— 0.  H.  Warrington.  Stockton, 
Cal. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patenlB  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &,  Co.  In  the  shortest  time  possible 
by  mall  or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  For- 
eign patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  business 
for  Pacific  Coast  inventors  transacted  with  perfect 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the  shortest 
possible  time. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION  having 
received  an  application  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  George  Wheeler,  in  the  Grizzly  Flat 
Mining  Claim.  El  Dorado  county.  Cal,  to  Impound 
tailings  behind  brush  dams  below  the  mine,  gives 
notice  that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  room  92,  Flood 
building.  San  Francisco.  Cal.,  April  1. 1895.  at  1:30?.  M. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


^imong  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
IT.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention: 

Respirator.— Robert  Nagler,  San  Francis- 
co, Cal.  No.  535,718.  Dated  March  12,  1895. 
The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a 
light,  rigid  device,  properly  shaped  to  fit  over 
the  mouth  and  nostrils  of  the  wearer,  with  a 
means  for  detachably  applying  a  suitable  por- 
ous material  through  which  respiration  will 
take  place,  and  fitted  between  an  outer  shell 
and    an    inner   covering ;    perforations    made 


through  the  outer  shell  corresponding  with 
the  apertures  of  the  nostrils  and  the  mouth; 
and  an  inner  flexible  lining,  impervious  to  air, 
adapted  to  rest  upon  the  edges  of  the  nostrils 
and  over  the  mouth,  and  perforated  tp  corres- 
pond with  the  outer  plate;  together  with  an 
elastic  or  other  attachment  for  holding  the 
whole  in  place,  so  that  air  which  eaters  the 
lungs  may  be  purified  from  injurious  particles 
which  may  be  floating  in  the  atmosphere,  or 
so  that  it  may  be  medicated  for  a  treatment 
for  lung  and  throat  troubles. 

Chimney  and  Ventilator  Cap.—  F.  C.  and 
H.  A.  Stober,  Sacramento,  Cal. "  No.  535,634. 
Dated  March  12,  1895.  The  object  of  this  in- 
vention is  to  provide  an  improved  chimney 
and  ventilator  capf-  ^t  consists  of  a  chimney 
or  body  portion  Converging  from  the  upper 
end  downwardly,  ipipes  or  tubes  entering  the 
same  between  the  ends  converging  from  their 
bases  upwardly  and  outwardly,  a  cap  of  large 
diameter  above  'the  top  of  the  chimney  or 
body  portion,  and  arms  depending  from  the 
cap,  extending  down  along  the  exterior  of  the 
chimney  or  body  with  their  lower  ends 
formed  into  hooks  adapted  to  receive  rods  or 
guides  for  anchoring  the  device  in  position. 

Message  and  Card  Receiver.  —  John  T. 
Stone,  Oakland,  Cal.  No,  535,635.  Dated 
March  12,  1895.  This  invention  is  designed  to 
provide  a  convenient  device  which  will  enable 
a  visitor  to  leave  a  card  or  message  for  the 
person  visited,  and  to  transfer  said  card 
after  writing  upon  it  to  a  closed  receptacle, 
leaving  a  blank  card  in  its  place  for  thev  next 
visitor.  It  consists  of  a  case  having  an  open- 
ing through  which  the  cards  are  exposed,  a 
movable  spring-actuated  follower,  a  slot  or 
opening  through  which  cards  may  be  intro- 
duced when  the  follower  is  depressed,  a 
second  closed  chamber  in  line  adjoining  the 
first,  having  a  slot  between  the  two  cor- 
responding with  the  position  of  the  exposed 
card,  and  a  mechanism  whereby  the  card  may 
be  advanced  from  the  containing  case  through 
the  slot  into  the  second  receptacle. 


Practical  Hydraulics. 

A  Book  for  Civil  Engineers,  Miners,  Mill- 
men,  Hydraulieians,  Mining  En- 
gineers and  Irrigators. 

By  P.  M.  Randall. 

The  following' brief  abstract  of  the  contents  will 
give  an  idea  of  the  branches  of  the  subject  treated' 

General  Plan;  Discussion  of  the  Principles  of 
Hydraulics;  Rules  Deduced  from  Formulae  Ob- 
tained; Examples  and  Calculations;  Extensive 
Tables  for  Ready  Reference:  Fundamental  Laws  of 
Hydraulics  Demonstrated  and  Expressed  in  For- 
mulae and  Rules;  Flow  of  Water  Through  Open- 
ing's; Weir  Coefficients:  Triangular  Weirs;  Flow 
of  Water  over  Quadrant  Weir  (tabulated) :  Applica- 
tion of  Tables:  Submerged  Orifices^  Flow  Through 
Orifices  in  Thin  Partitions;  Tables  and  Applica- 
tions; Miners'  Inches;  Tables  and  Calculations; 
Flow  of  Water  Through  Short  Tubes  and  Compound 
Tubes;  Flow  of  Water  Through  Pipes;  Tables  of 
Velocities  and  Cubic  Feet  Flows  for  Given  Fall  per 
Mile  and  Diameter  of  Pipe;  Coefficient  lor  Bend— 
Circular  and  Angular;  Flow  Through  Nozzles;  In- 
verted Siphons;  Flow  of  Water  In  Open  Channels. 
Extensive  Tables;  Rough  and  Ready  Notes;  Hints 
for  Speedv  and  Approximate  Estimates,  etc. 

Price  ,$2.00,  postpaid.  Sold  by  THE  MINING  AND 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Market  St.,    San  Francisco. 


Assessment  Notices. 


BRUNSWICK  CONSOLIDATED  GOLD  MINING 
COMPANY.— Location  of  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness. San  Francisco.  California:  location  of  works 
Grass  Valley  Mining  District,  Nevada  Count v  Cali- 
fornia. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  20 th  dav  of  March, 
189a.  an  assessment  (No.  S)  of  Two  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  5t,.  Nevada  block,  San  Francisco.  California, 
°F  \o  the  Treasurer.  J-  J.  Halpin.  57  Broadway,  room 
*i'  *^  Jork  City,  State  of  New  York,  on  or  before 
the  20th  day  of  April,  1805. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  In  San  Francisco,  on  ihe  20th  dav  of 
April,  lSfla.  will  be  delinquent,  ana  advertised'  for 
sale  at  public  auction:  and  unless  payment  Is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  Ihe  loth  dav 
OI  May,  1895.  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment  to*- 
gether  with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
Baie. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

^m  „  J.  STADTFELD  Jit  .  Secretary. 

Office— Room  50.  Nevada  Block,  San  Francisco. 
California. 


FAIRFAX  VILLA  COMPANY.  —  Location  of 
principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works,  Fairfax.  Mavin  countv 
California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  ot  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  lath  day  of  February. 
1895,  an  assessment,  No.  2,  of  one  hundred  dollars 
(5100)  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Slock 
of  the  Corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United 
States  Gold  Coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the 
Company,  Room  56,  No.  809  Montgomery  street,  San 
Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  2tith  day  of  March,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; aud  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  lbth  day  of  April,  1895,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

J.  STADTFELD,  Ju..  Secretary. 

Office— Room  No.  50,  No  309  Montgomery  street, 
San  FrauclBCO,  California. 


OCCIDENTAL  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  principal  place  of  business. 
San  Francisco,  California.  Location  of  works.  Sil- 
ver Star  Mining  District,  Storey  County.  Nevada. 

Notice  is  herebv  given  that  in  a  meeting  or  tne 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  2Uih  day  of  March, 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  IS)  of  Ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  In  United-  States  gold 
coin,  to  ihe  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  09.  Nevada  Block,  No.  309  Montgomery  street, 
San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  whlch;lhls  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  23d  day  of  April,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion, and  unless  pa.vme.nt  is  made  before,  will  be 
Sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  15ih  day  of  May.  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costB 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

Bv  order  of  the  Hoard  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  It.  DURBROW.  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  t.9,  Nevada  Block,  No.  309  Montgom- 
ery Street,  San  Francisco.  California. 


CHALLENGE  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  .principal  place  of  business, 
San  Francisco,  California:  location  of  works,  Gold 
Hill.  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  nineteenth  (I9tli)  day 
of  February,  1895,  an  assessment  (No.  18)  of  Five 
Cents  (6c)  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital 
stock  of  the  corporation,  payable  inynedlately  in 
United  Slates  gold  coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office 
Of  the  company.  Room  35,  third  floor, Mills  Building, 
corner  Bush  and  Montgomery  streets,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  twenty-sixth  (20th)  day  ol 
March,  1895,  will  be  delinquent  and  advertised  for 
sale  at  public  auction,  and  unless  payment  is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  sixteenth 
(l«th)  day  of  April,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent 
assessment,  together  with  cost  of  advertising  and 
expenses  of  sale. 

Bv  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

c.  L.  JMccOY,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  35;  third  floor.  Mills  Building,  corner 
Bush  and  Montgomery  streets.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 

BOOTH  GOLD  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  of 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Location  of  works.  Auburn.  Placer  county, 
California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  eighteenth  day  of 
February,  1895,  an  assessment  (No.  5)  of  Two  (2c) 
cents  per  share  .was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock 
Of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United 
States  gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the 
company.  No.  310  Pine  street,  Rooni  No.  28,  San 
Francisco.  Cal. 

Any  stock-upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  twenty-fifth  day  of  March,  1895. 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  tlje  seventeenth  day  of 
April,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  eoBts  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
sale.    Bv  order  of  the  Board  ol  Directors. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY.  Secretary. 

Office— No.  M0  Pine  street;  Room  No.  28,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


IOWA  MINING  COMPANY— Location  of  princi- 
pal place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  ^California, 
Location  of- works,  Virginia  City,  Nevada*. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  Otb  day  of  March, 
1895,  an  assessment.  (No.  20)  of  Five  Cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  2,  419  California  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  9th  day  of  April,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  SATURDAY,  the  27th  day  of  Apill,  1895. 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

R.  L.  THOMAS.  Secretary. 
Office— Room  2,  419  California  Street,  San  Francisco, 

California. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION  having 
received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  Geo.  W.  Edwards,  in  the  Bincklock 
Mine,  near  Placerville.  El  Dorado  Co  .  Cal..  to  im- 
pound tailings  behind  a  brush  dam  in  Spanish 
Ravine;  from  Kelly  Sl  Malherly,  on  Rattlesnake 
Bar.  near  Auburn,  Placer  Co..  Cal..  to  deposit  tail- 
ings on  bank  of  American  River;  from  O  M.  Henry, 
in  the  Dry  Gulch  Mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co.. 
Cat.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  below  the 
mine;  from  J.  K.  Williams,  in  the  Saw  Mill  Flat 
Mine,  near  Whlskytown,  Shasta  Co..  Cal.,  to  deposit 
tailings  in  an  old  hydraulic  pit;  and  from  Thomas 
Ewing,  in  the  Moouey  Placer  mine,  near  Placer- 
ville, El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal.,  to  deposit  tailings  in  old 
hydraulic  pit,  gives  notice  thai  a  meeting  will  be 
held  at  Room  No.  92,  Flood  Building.  San  Francisco, ' 
Cal.,  on  April  1st,  1895,  at  1:30  P.  M. 


Marrh  23,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


I'M 


Coast  Industrial   Note*. 


British  i        □  i". i   saw  nun   men  are  sup- 
..  hitc  loboi  with  Japanese, 

Los  Angeles  reports  that  the  new  amoltor 
.,,         :  tratlon  there  by  Jul)  1st. 

Pourteen  vessels  have  boon  chartered  tor 
the  Alaska  salmon  business  bo  be  n  ady  a/ter 
April  1st 

N.  E,  Avers  &  r  ...  of  Portland,  Or.,  have 
under  the  name  of  the  Portland 
Uolling  Mill. 

An  order  for  170,000  bricks  has  been  placed 
for  the  construction  ol   a  smelting  works  al 
..   City. 

Only  33%  of  ii"'  shingle  mills  on  I  he  Port- 
land line  of  the  Gray's  Harbor  country  wore 
running  March  1st. 

The  Oukluiul  <lu*  Light  and  Heat  Com- 
pany are  about  to  put  In  new  machinery  ag- 
gregating in  c>  si  $100,000. 

The  passenger  receipt  of  the  Seattle 
Consolidated  Streel  Boil  way  Company  for 
IS94  show  u  .1-tImm-  ol  $21,828  as  compared 
with  1898. 

The  Cuwa-luih  Paciflc  railway  earnings  for 
the  rti ■-•!•-  ending  March  rth  were  $QMt 000;  for 
,ll(.  wrifie  period  la>t  year.  $808,000.  This  is  a 
,,  .■,,  a  ie  ol  $44,000, 

iv  i\  Sutherland,  1 1 1* ■  manager  of  the 
Paciflc  coast  agency  for  the  Joues  Rock  Drill, 
is  now  located  with  iii«-  Parke  &  Lacy  Co.,  •-'i 
and  38  Pren i  Si  ,  this  city. 

The  Sailors'  Uuionhas  declared  a  strike 
From  San  Diego  lo  Pugel  Sound.  For  two 
vears  ili>-  rale  of  wages  on  tin- coast  has  been 
- .'.,  :i i.i  ii.  and  now  they  demand  |83. 

Steamers  to  Humboldt  bay  ports  have  cut 
i ,,.],.  hi,  on  lumber  and  shingles  in  retaliation 
upon  the  lumber  schooners,  which  have  been 
carrying  passengers  below  the  regular  rates. 

Phe  Atlantic  and  Pacific  is  getting  the 
pream  "i  hauling  the  California  fruit  crop. 
I'iv  and  six  through  trains  of  oranges  and 
dried  fruil  pass  through  Winslow,  Arizona, 
dally. 

The  Merced  <  told  Mining  Syndical  e  of 
California  have  ordered  of  the  Gates  Iron 
\\'<uks  a  1*1x4*2  direct-acting  hoisting  engine 
with  Corliss  valves,  steam  brakes  and  the 
latest  impro\  ements. 

Commencing  nexl  Saturday  Lhe  steamer 
Dura  will  cooueel  with  the  Pacific  coast 
steamers  al  Juneau,  carrying  the  United 
States  mail  between  that  port  and  Sitka, 
ICarluk,  Sand  Point  and  Otmalaska. 

—The  Los  Angeles, Railway  Company  incor- 
porated in  this  city  Ias1  Tuesday,  to  construct 
and  operate  street  railroads  in  Los  Angeles. 
I  lirectors-  Lovel  While.  Thomas  Brown,  John 
D.  Brickncll,  A.  II.  I'uysuii,  George  Stone. 
Alfred  Bore!  and  M.  H.  Sherman.  Capital 
stock,  $4,000,000;  $3500 has  been  subscribed. 

—The  Piedmonl  Consolidated  Cable  Com- 
pany was  sold  under  the  hammer  at  Oakland 
last  Tuesday  to  Charles  R.  Bishop,  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  Bank  of  California,  for  $82,000,  he 
being  the  only  bidder.  The  bondholders  of 
the  company  are  frozen  out  and  the  stock- 
holders may  be  held  responsible  for  the  mil- 
lion-dollar  indebtedness. 

—Liens  aggregating'  over  $100,000  have  been 
tiled  in  San  Bernardino  against  the  Nevada 
Southern  railroad  by  mechanics  and  men,  in- 
cluding one  claim  by  the  original  contractor 
on  the  construction  of  the  road.  Prom  the 
character  of  these  claims  they  will  take  prece- 
dence of  other  indebtedness  against  the  road 
and  will  be  foreclosed  at  once  and  the  road 
sold. 

— The  Moraga  Valley  Railroad  Co.  has  in- 
corporated to  build  a  railroad  in  Contra  Costa 
and  Alameda  counties,  85  miles  from  Walnut 
Creek  to  San  Francisco  bay.  The  directors 
are  A.  A.  (Irani,  of  Albuquerque,  N.  M. ;  J. 
T.  Williams,  of  Oakland;  J.  R.  Grant,  of  Los 
Angeles,  and  A.  McDonnell  and  X  A.  Burton, 
of  this  city.  The  capital  stock  is/ $500,000,  of 
which  A.  Grant  has  subscribed  for  $22,500,  J. 
Ii.  Grant  for  $10,000,  McDonnell  and  Burton 
for  slum)  each,  and  Williams  for  -S"">HU. 


DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 

REED  MILL  AND  MINING  COMPANY— Lo- 
cation of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, '  laufornia;  location  of  works,  Ferguson  Min- 
ing District.  Helene,  Lincoln  county,  Nevada. 

NOTICE.— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing described  stock,  on  account  or  assessment  No. 
1,  levied  on  the  31st  day  Of  December,  1894,  the 
several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
spective shareholders',  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name.  Certificate.  Shares.  Amt. 

J.  H.  Isham,  Trustee 6         son       $n»mi 

,1.  H.  Isham,  Trustee 7        2,500         50  00 

J.  II,  lsham.  Trustee H  SO  1  00 

.)-  H.  Isham.  Trustee  H  50  1  00 

.1    11.  Jstiam,  Trustee 14      33, 4(H)        MH  00 

.1.  H.  Islulm,  Trustee 13      73.000     1,-JttU  00 

J.  IT.  Isham,  Trustee IH      75,000     I, son  no 

Geo.  G.  Heed 15       PJ.H57        257   14 

Qeo.G.Reed 17       2,143        42  H6 

And  iu  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  ou  the  31st  day  of  Decem- 
ber, 18D4,  so  many  shares  ol'  each  parcel  of  such 
stock  as  may  he  necessary,  will  be  sold  at  public 
auction,  at  the  office  of  the  Company,  Room  33, 
Tenth  Floor,  Mills  BuUdiutf,  Sun  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia, ou  WEDNESDAY,  the  third  (3d)  day  or 
April.  1895,  at  the  hour  of  II  o'clock  A.M.  of  said 
day,  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assessment  thereon, 
together  with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
the  sale.  J.  H.  ISHAM,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  33,  Tenth  Floor,  Mills  Building. 
San  Francisco,  California. 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  Information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  ol'  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

■  ■ark  city,  Utah, 


■  k*r  FOR  AL  -  PURPOSES 

WiR.t  ^opeT^mWaVs. 

TMTON-IROKf 

~  TRENTON, N.J. ^~ 
n.v.orricc 

CO0PER.HEVWT&--O.-I7  BURLING  SUP 

CH  CACO     OFFICE.    O    V'l**  IU*  MONADN0CK  B'lDi 


DELINQUENT    5ALE     NOTICE. 

IN  VI l  MARBLE  COMPANY  I  IF  0  tUFORNM 

Locntii i  principal  place  of  business,  San  l-'nm- 

utsco,  California.    boL-atlon  "i    works,  luyo.  invu 

i  .linn  \     i  'iilumliia.      . 

m  itii  IB.— There  are  delluQueni  upon  tin-  follow- 
ing desorlhtfil  such  "it  acoounl  ,11  Assessment 
No.  ■.''■>.  levied  >•"  ili,'-Ki  das  ol  January,  IH'.i*",,  lhe 
several  amounts  sel  opposite  the  numes  ,>r  the  ro- 
speutlve  shareholders,  us  Follows: 

No.  No. 

Nann1.  Certifloftte,  Shares.    Anil. 

M.  J.  McDonald,  Trustee  29-t      s,ntio     $suu  im 

M.  J.  MoDonuW .  J.M         -s-ai        ii  iki 

G.  P.  RlxIoriT,  Trustee n.r>       Limn       nxi  t«i 

G.  XV.  Luce,  Trustee  382         317        ,'il  ?() 

Alex.  Mclaughlin--.-;  302         aou        a)  IK) 

Alex. McLaughlin, Trustee..    Mi         14!        liiu 

Ahx.McI.aughliu                  .    .  IN  -IKI  il  III 

IV.  Ii.  Mansfield,  Trustee  188  181  18  III 

Geo.  Dillimin (E0  »si  us  im 

F.  J.  Sanders 3*4  98  H  (Hi 

!■'.  .1.  Sanders                 ...i  ,1*5  85  3  .vi 

R  i-  ttasmussen  415  um  m  t«i 

R.  P.  Rasmussen  ....          •  tin  111  3  in 

Louis  Vesaria,  Trustee  808  i.ihhi  iixi  ui 

Louis  Vesurlu.  Trustee .mi  30?  :«i  ;n 

Israel  Luce,  Trustee  :t.n  Mum  iixi  txi 

A.  F.  Thane,  '-Trustee m  -'n«i  sii  iki 

Chas.  E.  Anderson          -i.iO  5ixi  ,iu  00 

I'lias.  H.  Aliili-i'sou.  Truslei-..  -HC)  13,165  l,SI8fO 

W.  W.  Sargeum,  Trustee.  Is.'  1,250  125  00 

W.  W.  Sargeant,  Trustee  185  l,i»«l  urn  i«i 

\v  \v  Sargeaut-,  Trustee. ..  ish  745  74  50 

\v  \v  Sargeant, Trustee  ...  505  i.um  iihmxi 

w.  V  Sargeant,  Trus'iec..   .514  Mm  511  iki 

W.  W.  Sargeant,  Trusiee  516  taxi  i»i  00 

W   W.  Sargeant,  Trustee..  518  i.ikmi  urn  m 

Jos.  Rosenthal Iflu  5  50 

11.  11.  Nohif.  Trustee.  5l>3  i.ikki  iki  im 

II.  H    Nohlc 5->4  OKI  IU  III 

Mrs.  Hattie  <J.Baggs.: 305  sou         ill  111 

Mrs.  Hnlli,-  u.  Baggs Sli  3711         37  SW 

Mrs.HattlcC.Baggs.Trustee    817         301        30  10 

And  in  aocordauoe  with  Inu.  and  an  order  of  Lhe 
Board  of  Directors,  maderon  the  21st  day  of  ,)unu- 
ary,  1885,  so  many  shares  or  i'iu-li  parcel  of  Mich 
stock  as  may  be  necessary  will  be  sold  ut  public 
auction  at  the  oIlUv  of  the  Company,  Room  13. 
Third  Floor.  Mills  Building,  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia, on  FRIDAY/,  thel5t]h  day  ol'  April,  18115,  ill 
lhe  hour  of  one  o'clock  1'.  M.  of  said  day.  to  pay  de- 
linquent assessments  thereon  together  with  cost 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

W.  W.  SARGEANT,  Secretary. 
Ortlct — Room  13.  Third    Floor.    Mills  Building,  San 

Francisco,  California. 

DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 

DUMBARTON  LAND  AND  IMPROVEMENT 
COMPANY-  Location  of  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness, San  Francisco,  California:  location  of  works, 
in  the  counties  of  Alameda  and  Santa  Clara,  Cali- 
fornia. 

NOTICE.— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing described  stock,  on  account  of  assessment 
(No.  7)  levied  on  the  22d  day  of  January,  IKI15,  the 
several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
spective shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name  Certificate.  Shares.  Amt. 

Charles  L.  Benton 5H7  -Ml       S25  00 

Charles  L.  Benton 569  100         12  50 

Mrs.  Ellen  Dwver 124  100         12  50 

Edward  Fox 524  400         50  00 

Mrs.  Elma  Clover 413  60  7  .ill 

JabezHoives,  Trustee 450       1,21x1       150  00 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 487  667  83  38 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee        .        4114  500         «■->  .ill 

Jabez  Howes.  Trustee...    :..     495  5111  62  50 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 512  50  Iiii 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee.    .....     533  125  15  62 

Jabez  Howes,  Trustee 580  175         2188 

Patrick  Holland 137  50  6  25 

D.E.Hayes 156  40  5  00 

D.E.Hayes 199        1.IU0       125  00 

D.B.Hinckley 497        1. 000       125  00 

A.  Kappenman 248  IIII         50  00 

Mrs.  Annie  A.  Pritchard   ....     120  50  6  25 

Mrs.  Annie  A.  Prilchard  422  11X1  12  50 

H.W.Qultzow 129  IIII      -   12  50 

H.W.Quitzow ISO  IIII         12  50 

H.  W.Quitzow.     .   131    -       IIII         12  50 

H.W.Quitzow  132  25  3  12 

H.W.Quitzow 133  25  3  13 

H.  W.  Quilzow 134  25  3  12 

H.  W.  Quitzow 135  50  6  25 

Mrs.  Catherine  Rimiuton —    216  20  2  50 

James  Spiers 498        1,1110        125  00 

Mrs.  Fannie  L.  Waller  ...     •      1411  50  6  25. 

K.L.Wagner 227        I, III)        125  1X1 

L.  P.  F.  Waller 525  220  27  50- 

L.  P.  F.  Waller 530  11X1         12  50 

And  in  accordance  with  law.  and  an  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  22d  day  of  Janu- 
ary, 1895,  so  many  shares  ol*  each  parcel  ol*  such 
stock  as  may  he  necessary  will  be  sold  at  public 
auction,  at  the  office  or  the  Company,  No,  214  Pine 
street,  ou  THURSDAY,  the  2lst  flay  of  March. 
1895,  at  the  hour  of  2  o'clock  i>.  m.  of  said  day.  10 
pay  said  Delinquent  Assessment  thereon,  together 
with  costs  ol  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

JABEZ  HOWES,  Secretary. 
Office— 214  Pine  street,  Room  No.  5,  San  Francisco, 

California. 

NOTICE    OF    POSTPONEMENT. 

Iu  accordance  with  an  order  of  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  Dumbarton  Land  and  Improve- 
ment Company,  adopted  at  a  regular  meeting, 
held  ou  the  26th  day  of  February,  1895,  tbe  day  oi 
sale  for  unpaid  Assessment  No.  7  is  poslpoued  to 
THURSDAY,  March  28th.  1895,  at  2  p'  u. 

JABEZ  HOWES.  Secretary. 
Office— 214  Piue  street,   Room  55,   San   Francisco, 

California. 

Ism  WELL  MACHINERY** 

All  tlQilB  vt  tuol-.  Kori  line  fur  ilia  driller  by  UBiiiff  our 
Adamantine  pruut^e;  r*  n  tnkeacore.  Perfected  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pumping  lOtrn  t*i  wrfe  by  Steam,  Air,  etc 
Let  ue  help  you.  TIIK  AM  KIM  CAN  tVEUWOEliN, 
4Mr»r»,    .'I  1     <-blca«u,    "l-i     UhIIiib.  T*x.  ' 


I..  C    MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANT]      ■■ 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 


W.  Cor.  Main  &  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 


MANUFACTURERS  OP 


STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND    FORCINGS 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 
All  worli  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING   ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  Hills. 

Having  ri-ui'wi-it  our  contract  on  mor*1  advantageouy 
terms  « iiii  Mr  S.  Kendall  for  tbe  manufacture  ol  in- 
Patem  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  tbeso 
mills  in  Ci-rai  i>  lii-dtM ■»*<!  I'rircs,  iia\  ing  made 
and  st  iii  1  iin  se  mills  rot*  the  iki  si  1 1  years;  w<-  know 
their  in-  liis-.  and  know  ihai  they  liuve  giveu  ij-  rfeel 
satisfai'tioi)  i<<  purebascrs.  ;is  niunDfrs  ol  comnae*uda 
lory  icstimonials  prove.  We  reel  coutldeut,  tbererore, 
ih;ii  in  (lie  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  tbeni 
there  is  placed  within  I  his  reach  or  all  :i  MKht,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  thai  w-iU  fto  all  thai  is  claiini  <i  01 
ii  and  iiw  •■  1  hi  in-  sat i>f notion. 

MARSHUTZ  -.V  r.\NTi:KI.I, 

ScikI  for  Circulars  and  Price  List- 


PLACER. 

Complete  "Lancaster"  Cold  Amalgamating,  Cpncontratiiuj  and  Hoisting  plants  furnislied  for 
Ut;li  iiiK  l;ii'-L'c  ijiiiUJlii  irs  nl'  low  yrndc  phiciir  ^i-muid  a  l  a  snr.ill  cos  I  with  minimum  supply  of  water  or 
compressed  air.     Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outiiis  include  "Lancaster."  1895  Land  or  River  Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels,  and 
CablewayR  of  the  mosi  approved  construction.  Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourlv  and  upward,  if  required.  Crushing,  Pulverizintr,  Concentrating  and  other  machinery  also 
built.    Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee,  39  Cortlandt  St.,  NEW  YORK. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

for  Saving;  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plalrs 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  Ihousiiud  orders  tilled. 

Twenly-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

ii!*H  and  055  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON,     -  Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.     Rpnd  Tnr  Circular. 


CHECK      VALVES 


"LUNKENHEIMER'S"  Reprinding,  Horizontal,  Angle  and 
Vertical  Check,  and  Ball  Check  Valves  are  acknowledged  to 
be  perfect  in  every  respect.  Invariably  used  were  the  best  Is 
wanted.  Once  used,  always  used.  Nothing  so  convincing  as 
a  trial.  Our  new  Catalogue  will  post  you  on  superior  Valves, 
Whistles,  Lubricators,  Oil  and  Grease  Cups.  Gratis  upon 
request.  Specify  and  insist  on  "LUNKENHEIMER'S"  make. 
Consult  dealer. 


STAMP  3HDEB. 


■•-1L- 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  ana  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  arc  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  ot  North  and  South  Ameriea.  Guaranteed  to  prove  be  Iter 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  In  the  above  con- 
ditions.    When  ordering,  send  slteteh  with  exact  dimensions.    Senator 

1    USMamifactui'e'd  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

P  H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the ■pnrelinse  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


192 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


March  23,  1895. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 


Cable     Address:     "RISDON'S"     San     F- 


rancisco. 


-^^sss^flANUFACTURERS    0FN^^^> 


Johnston's  Concentrator,       Bryan  Mills, 

^i!^^  ^*r  Compressors, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  MSTI^ 

THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  flachinery 

/^^^^►For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity. -^^^^~^\ 
ELECTRIC     POWER     XR/\INS7VVISSIOIN  ! 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  running  every  station  of  this  character  in  the  entire  West.    An  experience  of  more  than  12  years  in  planning  and  executing  water  power  plants  affords  assurance  that  all  work 
furnished  will  be  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  the  case,  and  give  the  best  possible  results  under  existing  conditions. 


CATALOGUES  FURNISHED  UPON  APPLICATION. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

San  Francisco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON,  Manager. 

Denver,  Col 1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent. 

New  York  City 26   Cortlandt  Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  111 E09  Home  Inn..  Itulldlng. 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 410  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  P.  HAKRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 


LJinion   Iron  Works, 


CORNER    FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


-1WANUFSCTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  Mills, 

7V\anty  Ohili  TWIUs,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  '  Dodd  Sigmoidal  Water  Wheel, 

PUMPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead  Furnaces,        /\11  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^*m^SttlP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  D0CK.<^ss^ 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     I4S  BROADWAY 


CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION." 


NOTICE   XO   GOLD   MINERS ! 

Silver- Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

.— i  f\T  REDUCED   PRICES.  — ■' 

our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

~^~ — nrtffl77FZ&>-  incorporated.  ""^VftTrmiw    — ' 

«sr  send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,A^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ** 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


.'■'■'■'.'.I.l,ltl,l,l,l,f, 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLLMK   LXX. 
Number  13. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  30,  1895. 


THREE   DOLLARS   PER  AXKl'M 
Single  Copies.  Ten  Cents. 


Improved    Bryan   Roller  Quartz  Mill. 


On  this  page  is  presented   an   illustration  of  what 


IMPROVED  BR VAN  ROLLER  OUAR1Z  MILL. 


is  known  as  the  Improved  Bryan  Roller 
Quartz  Mill;  directing  the  miners'  at- 
tention to  a  machine  that,  in  these  days 
of  new  inventions,  proves  that  the  old 
principles  of  milling  are  hard  to  excel. 

The  old  arrastra,  which  probably  was 
used  earlier  than  stamps,  is  still  in  use 
in  its  crude  form,  and,  in  some  in- 
stances, is  considered  superior  to  new 
and  improved  machinery.  The  arrastra 
"  did  the  work"  and  did  it  well,  and  so 
did  the  Chilean  mill,  which  may  be  con- 
sidered developed  from  the  arrastra. 
But  greater  capacity  was  required, 
and  as  the  stamp  battery  at  that  time 
was  the  only  machine  arranged  for  a 
continuous  crushing  process,  it  took 
the  lead,  as  its  capacity  was  so  much 
greater. 

As  for  amalgamation,  the  principle 
of  the  arrastra  and  Chilean  mill  is 
by  some  claimed  to  be  superior.  Many 
different  kinds  of  roller  mills  were 
tried,  but  they  were  too  complicated 
and  difficult  to  keep  in  repair,  and 
the  oil  could  not  be  prevented  from 
dropping  into  the  pulp,  which  made 
the  quicksilver  unable  to  amalgamate 
with  the  gold.  It  was  after  many 
years  of  experimenting  and  with  great 
expense  that  the  manufacturers  of  this 
mill  were  able  to  place  it  on  the  market 
— a  machine  that  embodied  all  the  ad- 
vantages of  the  crude  arrastra  and 
Chile  mill,  and,  at  the  same  time,  pos- 
sessed the  simplicity  and  durability  that  were  re- 
quired in  mining  machinery. 

At  present  about  a  hundred  of  these  machines  are 
in    successful    operation    in    this  country,   as   well 


as  in  Mexico  and  other  places.  This  mill  has 
certainly  passed  the  experimental  stage,  as  the 
manufacturers  inform  us  that  they  are  in  successful 
operation  on  the  Pacific  coast,  as  well  as  the 
Atlantic  and  Middle  States,  Virginia,  Georgia  and 
Southern  States.  Mexico,  Guatemala,  San  Salvador 
and  Honduras,  and  in  Tasmania  and  in  Australia. 

Among  the  advantages  claimed  for  this  mill  are 
its  large  screen  capacity  and  free  discharge;  that  it 
amalgamates  a  large  percentage  of  gold;  that  its 
foundations  are  simple  and  cheap;  that  it  is  quickly 
and  cheaply  erected;  that  it  requires  a  minimum  of 
power;  that  it  crushes  hard  as  well  as  soft  ore;  and 
that  its  slow  speed  prevents  the  extraordinary  wear 
and  tear  of  high-speed  machines. 

They  claim   that,    as  a  gold   amalgamator,    it   is 
superior  to  all  other  machines,  not  excepting  stamps. 
This  mill  is  manufactured  in   two  sizes,  of   what  is 
known  as  the  five-foot  mill    and   the   four-foot   mill. 
The  crushing  rollers  of  the  five-foot  mill   are   forty- 
four  inches  in  diam- 
eter, with  a  seven- 
inch  face,  and  weigh 
3650  pounds    each. 
The    four-foot    mill 
has  smaller  rollers, 
weighing    12  0(1 
pounds  each,  but  is 
manufactured   so 
that  a  weight  drum 
can  be  used  if  nec- 


mill  will  crush  from  fifteen  hundred  to  two  thousand 
tons  of  ore. 

The  five-foot  mill  requires  but  six-horse  power,  and 
its  capacity  is  from  twenty-five  to  thir.ty-five  tons 
per  day  of  twenty-four  hours. 

The  four-foot  mill  requires  five-horse  power,  and 
crushes  from  twelve  to  twenty  tons.  The  four-foot 
size  is  also  made  in  sections  suitable  for  mule-back 
transportation. 

The  Risdon  Irou  and  Locomotive  Works,  of  this 
city,  who  are  manufacturers  of  this  type  of  mill,  will 
take  pleasure  in  giving  further  particulars,  as  they 
manufacture  this  mill  in  combination  with  plain  gold 
mills,  steam  or  water  power;  concentrating  gold 
mills,  steam  or  water  power;  and  wet-crushing  silver 
mills,  steam  or  water  power. 

This  mill  is  also  well  adapted  for  re-crushing  jig 
tailings  from  coarse  concentration  works  before  con- 
centrating on  vanners. 


Rix  Air  Compressors. 


RIX    AIR    COMPRESSOR,     BUILT    BY    THE    PULTON    ENGINEERING    AND 
SHIP-BUILDING     WORKS. 


The  accompanying  cut  shows  a  vertical  air  com- 
pressor, built  by  the  Fulton  Engineering  and  Ship- 
Building  Works  for  the  Whitlock  mine,  after  the  de- 
signs and  patents  of  Edward  A.  Rix,  of  this  city.  It 
is  rather  an  unusual  thing  to  see  a  vertical  single- 
acting  compressor  in  these  days,  where  a  cheap  ma- 
chine seems  to  be  the  primary  consideration  in  the 
purchaser's  mind.  This  compressor  cost  just  twice 
as  much  as  the  ordinary  machine  of  the  same  capac- 
ity, and  inasmuch  as  Mr.  William 
I  Johns,  manager  of  the  Whitlock  mine, 
is  well  known  as  one  of  the  most  eco- 
nomical mine  operators  on  the  coast, 
there  must  be  some  good  reason  for  his 
investment;  and  it  consists  in  this:  Iu 
1880  Mr.  Rix  built  for  the  Sierra  Buttes 
and  for  the  Plumas-Eureka  mines,  un- 
der the  management  of  Mr.  Johns,  two 
vertical  compressors  of  this  same  type, 
the  one  at  the  Sierra  Buttes  operated 
continuously  for  eight  years  until  the 
mine  was  closed  and  was  then  sold  for 
50%  more  than  its  first  cost,  while  the 
one  at  the  Plumas-Eureka  has  been 
continuously  at  work  since  1880  and 
fifteen  years  of  service  has  not  altered 
its  efficiency.  The  ordinary  replacing 
of  worn  valves  and  springs  is  all  these 
machines  have  cost  for  repairs.  After 
such  faithful  service,  Mr.  Johns  con- 
eluded  he  would  have  no  other  for  the 
Whitlock.  Looking  at  the  compressor 
from  a  mechanical  standpoint,  it  is 
quite  remarkable  that  even  after  fifteen 
years  this  construction  should  still  be 
the  most  economical  single  stage  com- 
pressor built.  The  reasons  are  simple: 
It  is  vertical,  and  the  cranks  being  at 
180°  the  weights  of  the  moving  parts 
are  completely  balanced.  The  outlet 
valve,  which  covers  the  entire  end  of 
the  cylinder,  permits  the  piston  to 
touch  it  at  the  end  of  each  stroke  and 
thus  insures  a  complete  displacement 
of  the  air.  The  engine,  which  lies  at 
the  compressor  cylinder,  is  also  con- 
the   same    angle    with    the    compressor 


essary;  and  the   claims   of   wear  and   tear,    as   set  j  90°    from 

forth  by  the  manufacturers,  are  that  a  set   of  wear-    nected   at 

ing  parts  for  a  five-foot  mill  will  crush  from  four  to    cranks,  thus  being  under  full   steam  while  the  com 

eight  thousand  tons  of  ore,  and  a  set  for  a   four-foot  I  {.Continued  on  page  198.) 


191 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  30,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      <S<50. 

Oldest  Mining  Journal  on  the  American  Continent. 


Office;  No: 220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Comer  Front,  San  Francisco, 
3&-  Bote  tlie  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


Annual  Subscription $3  00 

Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoffiee  as  seeond-class  mail  matter. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  cocninQ. 


.1.  K.  HAI.LORAN General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  March  30,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS— Improved  Bryan  Roller  Quartz  Mill;  Rix  Air 
Compressor,  B  all  by  the  Fulton  Engineering  and  Ship-Building 
Works,  193;  Electric  Power  Line  Between  Bodie  and  Green  Creek; 
Penstock  and  Flume;  Generator  and  Water  Wheels  in  Operation, 
19G;  Generator  Switch-Board  at  Power-House;  -Power-House  at 
Green  Creek:  Summer  View  on  Pole  Line,  Looking  East,  Ten 
Miles  From  Bodie;  Summer  View  on  Pole-Line,  Looking  West, 
Ten  Miles  From  Bodie,  197.  Electric  Pump  on  Filth  Level,  Gdver 
Mine,  Amador  Co.,  198. 

EDITORIALS.— Improved  Bryan  Roller  Quartz  Mill ;  Rix  Air  Com- 
pressors. 193.    Miscellaneous.  191. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— A  Tubular  Frame  House:  Parts  That 
Do  Not  Grow  Old:  Miscellaneous.  200. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— The  Wage  Worker  in  Germany; 
Wood-Pulp  Pipes ;  To  Clean  Machinery ;  Tendency  of  Boiler  Plates 
to  Crack,  Ml. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  198-99. 

THE  MARKETS. — Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Franoiseo  Slock  Board: 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments:  Dividends,  etc.,  206. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates,  Personal:  Obituary,  195.  Elec- 
tric Power  Transmission,  196-97.    A  California  Stamp  Mill:  Elec- 

'  tricity  in  the  Gover  Mine;  Colorado  Mining  Companies,  198.  Sur- 
passing Edison  and  Tesla,  201.  Uses  of  Sawdust ;  Natural  Bridge 
in  Oregon;  Artificial  Whalebone;  1,000.000  Acres,  204.  Witwaters- 
rand  Gold  Product,  205.  Recent  Patents,  206.  Coast  Industrial 
Notes,  207. 


Frosts  in  Solano  county  have  destroyed  the  cherry 
crop:  in  Florida  the  orange  crop.  Droughts  in  Ne- 
braska have  destroyed  the  corn  crop:  in  Georgia  the 
cotton  crop.  In  New  York  the  louse  has  eaten  the 
hop  crop  and  in  North  Carolina  something  has  hap- 
pened the  rice  crop.  The  rural  animal  crop  has  also 
met  with  disaster.  The  gold  crop  seems  the  only  one 
unaffected,  and  amid  such  wide  devastation  it  is  some 
comfort  to  know  of  one  crop  that  is  neither  dimin- 
ished nor  destroyed. 

Probably  no  other  manufacturing  industry  in  the 
country  is  to-day  so  prosperous  as  that  of  bicycle 
making.  It  has  been  calculated  that  $251), 000  a 
month  is  now  being  sent  from  this  State  eastward 
for  the  "silent  steeds."  This  is  a  strong  argument 
for  the  establishment  of  a  bicycle  factory  here. 
Probably,  "all  things  being  equal,"  a  Califoruian 
could  be  induced  to  buy  a  California-made  bicycle 
were  it  shown  to  his  satisfaction  that  it  was  at  least 
as  good  as  the  Eastern-made  article,  were  it  fur- 
nished him  at  a  little  less  than  it  costs  him  now  after 
freight  and  three  distinct  profits  are  added  to  manu- 
facturers' cost  prices. 

The  copper  refinery  in  Anaconda,  Montana,  by  the 
electrolytic  process,  has  ceased  to  be  an  experiment. 
It  is  daily  turning  out  fifty  tons  refined  copper.  In 
the  acre  of  buildings  are  600  vats.  In  these  the 
copper  anodes  are  placed,  the  crude  copper  precipi- 
tated therefrom,  the  electrolytic  current  transfer- 
ring it  to  a  thin  sheet  of  copper,  of  which  each  anode 
furnishes  two  in  about  twenty  days'  time.  It  is  the 
present  intention  to  build  a  refinery  at  Great  Falls 
three  times  the  size  of  the  Anaconda  plant,  the 
water  of  Black  Eagle  Falls  to  be  utilized  in  furnish- 
ing the  requisite  electricity. 

A  city  journal  has  started  anew  the  controversy 
regarding  hydraulic  mining  and,  in  well-meant  effort 
to  aid  the  miner,  has  elicited  considerable  bitterness 
from  the  valley  press  and  incidentally  has  given  the 
anti-debris  association  a  chance  to  say  over  again 
much  that  it  has  been  mouthing  and  mumbling  for 
twenty  years.  It  is  believed  the  better  way— the 
progressive  way— is  to  conciliate,  to  reason  to- 
gether, to  help  the  State  rather  than  start  snarling 
and  snapping  that  can  do  no  good  and  may  do  great 
harm.  The  miners  have  right  on  their  side;  they  are 
securing  public  opinion  also,  slowly  but  surely,  and 
the  justice  of  what  they  ask  is  being  generally  con- 
ceded, even  by  many  of  their  former  opponents.  To 
arouse  antagonism  and  incite  bitter  rejoinder  is 
never  wise,  and  now  particularly  ill-timed. 

The  railroad's  attempted  selection  of  mineral  lands 
has  brought  a  snow  storm  of  protests  from  the 
miners,  who  justly  view  the  attempted  grab  as  a 
direct  menace  to  their  interests.  The  whole  thing  is 
characteristic:  the  attempt  to  include  mineral  lands, 
-the  "  advertising  "  of  applications  in  the  obscurest 
manner  at  a  time  when  deep  Sierra  snow  made  it  a- 


life  and  death  matter  for  many  a  miner  to  attempt 
reaching  the  Redding  land  office,  the  evident  value- 
less character  (from  an  agricultural  point  of  view)  of 
much  of  the  land  sought  to  be  absorbed;  all  are 
illustrative  of  the  spirit  that  must  be  met  by  organ- 
ized action  on  the  part  of  the  California  Miners' 
Association.  All  that  could  be  done  has  been  done, 
but  the  fight  is  by  no  means  over,  and  work  and 
money  are  still  needed  in  the  effort  to  keep  public 
and  private  mineral  lauds  in  this  State  free  from  any 
real  or  apparent  railroad  title. 

At  the  recent  session  of  the  Manufacturers'  Asso- 
ciation, discussing  urgent  present  needs,  Geo.  W. 
Dickie,  of  the  Union  Iron  Works,  said  : 

I  made  some  figures  the  other  day  for  a  San  Francisco  house 
of  the  cost  of  a  special  steamer  for  service  on  this  coast.  The 
cost  was,  say  $80,000.  I  was  then  asked  to  give  the  monthly 
cost  of  running  this  vessel  iu  this  State.  In  this  case  the 
State,  city  and  county  taxes  just  equaled  the  captain's  pay, 
and  it  further  showed  that  if  our  clients  should  have  their 
New  York  agent  get  a  ship  built  there,  register  her  in  the 
New  York  custom  house,  the  annual  expenses  saved  in  taxes 
would  enable  the  owner  to  give  the  preference  to  an  Eastern 
builder  of  $20,000.  This  is  the  legislative  encouragement  we 
get  for  home  industry. 

Just  so,  and  only  by  united  and  persistent  effort 
can  such  untoward  conditions  be  changed.  The 
Association  has  made  permanent  organization,  and 
by  continuous  demonstration  that  this  is  a  case 
where  personal  interest  and  public  good  go  together, 
the  home  manufactures  in  every  department  of  in- 
dustry will  be  benefited. 


The  Superior  Court  of  Nevada  county  made  a  de- 
cision last  Tuesday  that  will  probably  stand  until  the 
defendants  can  get  the  case  before  an  appellate 
court.  It  is  the  case  of  Hawke  vs.  Webber  and 
Quigley.  The  decision,  in  effect,  is  that  in  Nevada 
county  no  one  can  prospect  for  mineral  on  "  railroad 
land,"  or  land  listed  to  the  railroad,  but  which  is  un- 
patented. In  the  case  of  the  land  at  issue  in  the 
suit,  the  General  Land  Office  has  not  determined  its 
character,  nor  has  a  patent  been  issued.  The  de- 
cision denies  the  defendants  the  right  to  prospect 
upon  such  land.  It  has  been  supposed  that  until 
patent  was  issued  to  the  railroad  company  for  the 
lands  it  claims,  or  for  any  lands,  a  miner  could  show 
that  it  was  mineral  land,  and  protest  against  issu- 
ance of  such  patent.  If  he  be  denied  the  right  to 
prospect,  how  can  its  character  as  mineral  land  be 
shown  ?  This  may  be  law  according  to  Judge  Cald- 
well, but  it  will  not  be  accepted  as  final  by  the  miners 
of  Nevada  county  or  the  State. 

The  report  of  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  Com- 
pany, issued  last  month,  is  received.  It  is  interest- 
ing to  American  readers;  it  is  the  report  and  state- 
ments of  accounts  of  the  largest  profitable  silver 
mine  in  existence;  it  is  about  as  far  removed  from 
this  coast  as  it,  can  well  be;  the  system  of  book- 
keeping is  a  most  elaborate  detail  of  infinitesimal 
details;  the  profits  are  princely;  the  methods  almost 
totally  different  from  ours.  The  present  report  of 
this  immense  silver  mine  in  New  South  Wales  is  for 
the  six  months  ending  Nov.  30,  1894.  During  the 
previous  year  there  was  produced  6,750,509  ounces 
of  silver  999  fine.  There  were  4079  ounces  of  gold 
produced  in  the  same  period.  The  cost  per  ton  of 
the  bullion  was  $6.95  in  our  money;  five  years  ago 
the  corresponding  cost  was  $10.79.  The  general 
manager  estimates  1,000,000  toils  of  payable  oxidized 
ore  in  sight,  besides  as  much  more,  concentrating 
ores  and  sulphides.  During  the  year  the  cost  per 
ton  of  production  was  reduced  from  £2  12s  6(3  per 
ton  to  £2  3s  7d.  The  net  profit  for  the  six'  months 
ending  Nov.  30,  '94,  was  £343,216  17s  8d.  On  that 
day  the  assets  of  the  company  were  £982,987  lis. 

English  purchasers  of  or  bidders  for  California 
gold  mines  usually  evince  a  preference  for  what  they 
term  '"a  going  concern" — that  is,  a  bullion-pro- 
ducing mine,  though  apart  from  untoward  experi- 
ence there  is  no  reason  for  the  preference.  The  pur- 
chasers of  a  "  prospect"  have  generally  come  out  as 
well  as  buyers  of  developed,  ore-producing  mines. 
The  California  interpretation  of  the  word  ' '  pros- 
pect "  is  wider  than  that  given  it  by  insular  resi- 
dents. With  us,  "prospect"  and  "prospector" 
have  witle  latitude  of  meaning.  A  "prospect "is 
generally  more  than  a  dictionary  definition  of  the 
word  implies.  It  is  a  mining  property  of  at  least 
sufficient  value  to  justify  the  expenditure  of  con- 
siderable time  and  money  in  exploiting,  exploring, 
securing  title  and  developing,  usually  to   the   extent 


of  the  owner's  financial  resources.  A  "prospector" 
is  by  nature  a  little  disposed  to  be  too  sanguine,  such 
disposition  being  toned  down  by  experience,  but  is 
withal  a  practical,  experienced  man  who  is  unlikely 
to  spend  any  time  or  coin  on  a  valueless  piece  of 
ground.  He  may  want  too  much  for  his  claim,  but 
under  the  circumstances  cannot  misrepresent  it  in 
such  a  way  that  his  misrepresentations  cannot  be 
found  out.  If  a  "  going  concern  "  is  profitable^  the 
question  arises  why  is  the  owner  willing  to  sell,  and 
a  mistake,  in  buying  "a  going  concern"  is  always 
more  costly  than  error  in  the  purchase  of  "a  pros- 
pect." It  seems  that  the  attention  of  purchasers 
can  justly  be  given  "prospects  "  as  well  as  "going 
concerns,"  though  owners  of  the  former  often  stand 
in  their  own  light  by  the  excessive  statements  made 
or  the  excessive  prices  demanded. 


Considerable  Eastern  and  foreign  money  is  now 
being  invested  in  California  gold  mining  properties. 
It  would  be  better  were  our  own  people,  State  or 
coast  residents,  to  develop  these  paying  properties 
and  retain  the  dividends  to  further  develop  our  re- 
sources, employ  labor  and  build  up  the  commonwealth ; 
but  it  is  better  even  to  have  outside  enterprise  come 
here  and  carry  off  gold  than  to  let  it  eternally  lie 
dormant.  It  will  at  least  add  to  the  aggregate 
wealth  of  the  world  when  taken  out  of  the  hills  and 
coined.  A  great  objection  to  foreign  control  of  our 
mines  is  that  about  the  first  thing  an  English  com- 
pany deems  it  necessary  to  do  is  to  cut  down  miners' 
wages.  We  are  told  that  ' '  California  must  settle 
down  to  the  Eastern  level."  It  is  also  argued  that 
"the  East  "  is  settling  down  to  the  European  level, 
and  Europe  is  probably  settling  down  to  the  Asiatic 
level.  The  Asiatics  are  supposed  to  have  no  further 
depths  of  wage  depreciation  to  reach.  It  is  not  here 
proposed  to  thrash  over  old  straw  in  discussing  rates 
of  wages  or  the  rights  or  wrongs  of  "labor"  or 
"capital;"  but  it  is  a  manifest  fact  that  depreciation 
in  the  price  of  any  article  always  induces  propor- 
tional decrease  in  the  quality  of  the  product  pur- 
chased, in  any  case  where  such  depreciation  is 
possible. 

The  latest  exposure  of  fraud  in  the  mining  world 
is  in  the  case  of  President  Haup,  of  the  "Montana 
Mining,  Loan  and  Investment  Company."  The  usual 
swindling  scheme  is  shown  in  the  evidence  at  the 
trial.  The  company  was  organized  three  years  ago, 
with  an  alleged  paid-up  capital  of  $12,000,000;  a 
dozen  worthless  claims  were  secured,  stock  issued 
and  sold  to  innocent  investors,  the  whole  thing  being 
a  repetition  of  a  practice  so  common  as  to  rank 
with  the  gold  brick  swindle  and  other  bunco  games. 
It  is  here  referred  to,  to  emphasize  an  assertion  so 
often  made  in  these  columns — the  downright  dis- 
honesty of  prominent  men  allowing  the  use  of  their 
names  in  setting  up  such  swindles.  The  present 
Governor  of  Montana  and  other  prominent  and 
wealthy  mining  men  were  at  first  in  the  corporation. 
True,  they  promptly  withdrew  when  they  found  the 
whole  thing  was  a  fraud,  but  the  mischief  was  done. 
While  no  charge  of  fraud  can  be  laid  against  them, 
they  tacitly  endorsed  the  scheme,  and  lent  such 
assurances  as  induced  victims  to  pay  money  in  who 
would  not  have  lost  their  coin  had  it  not  been  for 
belief  in  the  financial  integrity  of  these  men,  and, 
naturally,  in  the  worth  of  what  they  fathered.  It 
is,  of  course,  unnecessary  to  expect  that  men  eager 
to  invest  in  wild-cat  schemes  are  to  be  specially  pro- 
tected, as  a  matter  of  sentiment,  but,  as  a  matter  of 
business,  it  is  the  duty  of  prominent  mining  men  to 
expose  fraudulent  "mining"  schemes,  instead  of  en- 
dorsing and  supporting  them.  The  plea  that  they 
didn't  know  the  scheme  was  a  fraud  is  a  poor  one. 
The  slightest  exertion  of  ordinary  business  care 
would  enlighten  them  as  to  its  true  character,  and 
the  fact  that  they  themselves  lost  no  money  shows 
their  own  absence  of  confidence  in  the  concern. 
Nothing  more  injures  reputable  and  worthy  mining 
investments  than  this  too  common  practice  of  promi- 
nent mining  men  prostituting  their  reputations  by 
allowing  their  names  to  be  used  as  bait  by  those 
who  fish  for  gudgeons;  and  those  who  charge  that 
there  are  solid  considerations  for  the  permitted  use 
of  such  names  often  have  very  natural  reason  for 
such  assumptions.  This  particular  concern  was 
more  of  a  lottery  than  anything  else,  and  had  no 
connection  in  anv  way  with  mining. 


March  30,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


L95 


Concentrates. 


This  Htte  mine,  Kite's  cave,  Mariposa  comity,  is  now  re 
ported  bonded. 

Thb  954,000  shortage  In  the  Carson,  Nev.,  mint  seems  to  be 
a  plain  c  aling. 

j  ii.  Wilson,  o(  Red  Bluff,  has  bonded  his  Oro  Plato,  Ari- 
zona, no  Gei  10,000. 

Thb  owners  of  the  Alpha  to  boild  a  coi 

tratoron  Pour  Mile  creek,  Three  Forks,  B.  C, 

Thb  Supreme  Court  of  Germany  has  cancelled  the,  patonl  ol 
the  MaoArthur-Forrest  process  In  thai  country. 

The  Wllloughby  mine  at  Punter  bay,  Alaska,  ba  been  -  rtd 
to  California  men  who  will  build  a  mill  this  summer. 

Tin  Anti-Debris  Association  nuw  holds    »■■■■  mis,  the 

members  being  bound  uot  to  divulge  their  deliberations. 

The  Zelle  mill,  Amador  Co.,  which  has  been  shut  down  for 
repairs  at  the  mill  and  mine,  Is  ready  to  resume  crushing. 

The  Burnt  River  G.  M.  Co.  has  organized  in  Portland,  Or., 
i.  .  id  bearing  bars  on  Burnt  river,  Eastern  Oregon. 

The  Oregon  Gold  Mining  Co.  is  about  to  resume  work  on 
the  Ked  Jacket  mine,  Cornucopia  district,  Eastern  Oregon. 

The  Nation  nickle  mine  in  Churchill  Co.,  Nev.,  is  being 
ft t ted  up  Aiii  i.i  v.  in  ichinery,  A  smelter  is  to  be  built  in 
May. 

The  Ashland,  Or,  mine  will  not  be  sold  for  the  present,  in 
the  hopes  that  it  can  be  disposed  of  at  private  sale  for  a  fair 
figure. 

Montana  papers  think  the  Anaconda  people  are  abuut  to 
ab^nh  tin-  Parrot t  properties— Parrott,  Moscow  and  Little 
Minah. 

RrvBBSius  sends  word  that  "  the  miner's  vote  of  the  county 
will  be  heavier  in  four  years  than  the  vote  of  the  orange- 
growers 

Thb  Rapid  Journal  says  it  costs  $70  a  day  to  run  the  Holy 
Terror  gold  mine  in  the  Black  Hills,  and  that  the  dally  output 
is  nearly  $2000. 

It  is  the  firm  of  Peck  Brothers  that  bought  the  tailings  of 
the  Holmes  and  Candelaria  mining  companies.  The  centrifu- 
gal process  will  be  used. 

A  stamp  mill  has  been  ordered,  and  work  on  the  Rose  Hill 
gold  miue  at  Grass  Valley  will  go  on  under  the  superintend- 
eni'.v  of  Supt.  J.  M.  Wishart. 

Albert  Hedoeu,  of  this  city,  is  putting  in  and  will  operate 
some  hydraulic  miuing  machinery  for  the  Red  River  Mining 
Company,  at  Elk  City,  Idaho. 

The  first  shipment  of  bullion  from  the  Pilot  Bay  smelter 
was  made  last  Saturday,  consisting  of  two  carloads  which 
goes  to  the  refinery  at  Aurora. 

The  Copper  Queen  Company  near  Globe,  Arizona,  propose , 
putting  in  an  electrical  plant,  which  will  involve  the  trans- 
mission oi  power  nearly  fifty  miles. 

The  Argonaut  Mining  Company,  Amador  Co.,  have  com- 
menced suit  against  the  Kennedy  Miuing  Co.  for  §325,000  dam- 
ages for  alleged  trespassing  upon  their  ground. 

The  Virtue,  Baker  Co.,  Or.,  mine's  second  clean-up  for 
March  amounts  to  420  ounces,  or  $7980,  making  a  total  of 
nearly  ¥13,000  for  twenty  days'  run  with  twenty  stamps. 

A  complete  electric  plant  is  to  be  put  in  at  the  Alaska  mine, 
Pike  City,  Sierra  county,  of  sufficient  power  to  run  all  the 
hoisting  and  pumping  machinery,  and  to  light  the  mine  and 
works. 

The  owners  of  the  Gladstone  miue  are  coming  to  Shasta 
county  to  reside.  They  are  among  the  wealthiest  people  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  The  property  is  now  ou  a  sell-sustaining 
basis. 

The  Argus  reports  that  subscriptions  to  the  amount  of  §700 
have  been  received  at  Auburn,  Placer  Co.,  to  swell  the  fund 
of  the  Miners'  Association  and  to  be  used  in  securing  required 
legislation. 

The  Shasta  Own  o/' says  that  the  new  owners  of  the  Iron 
Mountain  mine  will  not  be  likely  to  build  a  railroad  to  Red 
Bluff,  because  when  they  complete  their  reduction  plant  they 
will  not  ship  ore. 

P.  and  S.  McCloskt,  brothers,  employed  by  the  Union 
Mining  Company  of  Cripple  Creek,  Colorado,  have  been 
arrested,  charged  with  having  stolen  §100,000  worth  of  ore 
from  the  company. 

Messrs.  Silverman,  Warren,  Coram  and  Palmer,  of  Butte, 
Montana,  have  bought  the  Poorman,  Novelty  and  California 
claims,  Rossland,  B.  C,  for  §20,000.  They  intend  to  organize 
a  company  and  stock  the  properties. 

A  Tuolumne  paper  hears  that  an  English  company  has  been 
given  a  bond  on  the  Rawhide,  Alameda  and  App  mines  and  all 
the  stock  of  the  Tuolumne  County  Water  Company.  The 
price  agreed  upon  is  said  to  be  §2,000,000. 

The  following  are  recent  Idaho  incorporations;  Idaho  Con- 
solidated Gold  Placer  Mining  Co.,  of  Pierce  City,  Idaho,  $125,- 
000;  Alta  Gold  Mining  Co.,  Boise,  Idaho,  §1,500,000;  Canyon 
Creek  Canal  and  Irrigation  Co.,  Idaho,  §16,000. 

Mr.  Pearce  of  Colorado  City,  Col.,  who  has  been  at  work 
ou  the  precipitant  process  of  securing  gold,  under  date  of  the 
23d,  writes  that  the  Carbon  Gold  Precipitant  Co,  will  put  its 
workings  into  operation  at  San  Diego  this  year. 

The  War  Eagle,  B.  C,  Company,  up  to  a  month  ago  mani- 
fested its  ore  as  containing  2  ounces  gold,  3%  ounces  of  silver, 
and  5  per  cent  copper.  The  custom  house  declaration  now 
reads  2.23  ounces  gold,  4  ounces  silver  and  5  per  cent  copper. 

W.  A.  Clark,  of  Montana  and  Arizona,  is  reported  to  have 
bought  the  refinery,  copper  wire  works  and  brass  works  of 
Wallace  &  Son  at  Ansonia,  Conn.,  for  §1,000,000,  for  use  in  the 
United  Verde  mines  at  Jerome,  Arizona.  The  statement  is 
premature. 

The  j'Etua  Consolidated  Quicksilver  Mining  Company  of 
California  will  pay  its  third  dividend  of  ten  cents  per  share, 
or  §10,000,  on  May  1st.  The  Morning  Star  Mining  Company 
of  California  paid  two  dividends  on  the  10th,  amounting  to 
§7  per  share,  or  §16,800. 

The  Yreka  Journal  says  miners  in  Siskiyou  are  excited  over 
the  prospect  of  mineral  lands  going  to  the    railroad   company. 


There,  are   mi  -  well  aa  in  Shasta  and  Trinity, 

who  have   taken   thousa  ad  belonging 

■   Government  mid  didn't  think  enough  ol  Uncle   Sum   to 

get  .t  title  to  the  grouud  thai  gave  them   riches      i  aej  are  in 

a  su  eat  now 

Ki-.iKxi:  Bh  a  dbsj,  director  of  the  United  States  assay  office 
Ln Helena,  is  authority  for  the  statement  that   "Government 

statistic,  covering  a  period  of  4on  years,  show  thai    there  is  a 
■   ol  only  L8JK  in  the  annual  ael  value  of  the  gold  and 
silver  produced  in  the  world." 

Mr,  Han<  mkii.    manager  of  the  syndicate  handling  the  Sil- 
r  Peak  gold  mines,  Candelaria.  Nevada,  has  completed  a  con- 
tract for  milling  machinery  and  lumber,  and  will  Immediately 
build  a  stamp-mill.     The  syndicate   is  qomposed  of  George 
Crocker  and  other  Sun  Frauciso  capitalists. 

Among  other  claims  to  distinction  the  Grass   Valley  Cnmn 
points  with  pride  to  the  allegation  that  it  was  the  first  news- 
paper in  the  State  to  purchase  a  type-setting  machine,  and  it  I 
does  not  view  with  alarm  the  further  statement  that   it    will  I 
be  the  first  to  publish  a  newspaper  in  a  tent. 

Glass    Bros.,   of  the  Katy  mine,  at  Basin,  Mont.,  have  paid  i 
$10,000  on  the  attachment  claims   against   the  company  and 
secured   an   extension   on  the  remainder  of  the  $73,000  claims. 
The  $15,000  in  payrolls  was  also  paid  off  and   all   attachments 
released,  and  the  mine  will  resume  operations  at  once. 

Donald  Graham,  of  Canada,  has  sued  A.  O.  Viertoug  and 
wife,  of  this  city,  for  $10,000  and  six  months'  interest  thereon. 
He  paid  that  amount  last  August  for  some  quartz  claims  in 
Tuolumne  county,  and  now  charges  that  the  claims  were 
"  salted."     The  ease  is  before  the  U.  S.  Circuit  Court. 

The  gasoline  schooner,  Anita,  with  concentrates  from  the 
Ybarra  Mining  Co.,  of  Lower  Cal.,  arrived  last  Wednesday 
from  Ensenada,  and  was  subjected  to  search  for  a  $12,000  gold 
bar  recently  stolen  from  the  company.  No  trace  was  found, 
and  it  is  presumed  that  the  stolen  gold  is  hidden  at  Ensenada. 

Visiting  experts  advise  the  erection  of  a  40-stamp  mill 
at  the  Old  Glory,  Arizona,  mine.  There  are  two  Griffin 
crushers  of  a  daily  35-ton  capacity  there  now.  The  mine  is  a 
big  reef  of  quartz  carrying  free  gold  and  sulphurets.  The  ore 
is  said  to  run  $17  a  ton.  Geo.  J,  Hilzinger  has  charge  of 
affairs. 

Colorado  has  paraphrased  California's  sentiments,  and 
now  says :  "  If  the  world  can't  do  without  gold  it  can't  do 
without  Colorado.  But  if  the  Government  can  do  without 
silver,  so  can  Colorado."  So  say  we  all  of  us.  But  the  world 
can't  do  without  gold,  and  the  Government  can't  do  without 
silver. 

D.  Fletcher,  of  Denver,  says  he  can  treat  Cripple  Creek 
ore  at  $1  per  ton.  He  pulverizes  the  ore  in  water  by  a  rotary 
muller,  and  at  the  point  of  impact  mercury  in  solution  be- 
tween positive  and  the  negative  points  of  a  battery,  catches 
the  gold  in  a  trough  of  quicksilver,  and  both  are  drawn  off 
into  a  retort. 

The  mining  bill  before  the  late  Arizona  Legislature  became 
a  law  and  is  in  force.  This  means  a  ten-foot  hole  on  every 
claim  located,  within  ninety  days  from  the  date  of  location. 
The  law  is  intended  to  stop  promiscuous  locating  of  an  entire 
county,  and  so  held  indefinitely  by  relocation  from  one  year's 
end  to  another. 

K.  Quisle,  of  Riddle,  Douglass  Co.,  Or.,  has  sold  his 
placer  miue  to  H.  Ball  of  Tacoma.  The  property  consists  of  a 
gravel  bar  on  Cow  creek,  where  considerable  gold  has  been 
washed  out  with  rockers.  Mr.  Ball  will  put  in  a  pumping 
plant  to  cost  $3,500.  Panners  are  said  to  have  made  $1  to  $2  a 
day  on  the  ground. 

The  Napa  Consolidated  Quicksilver  Mining  Company  has 
declared  two  dividends  of  ten  cents  each,  amounting  in  all  to 
$20,000,  payable  next  Monday.  On  that  day  the  JRtna,  Con- 
solidated Quicksilver  will  pay  its  third  dividend,  amounting 
to  $10,000.  The  Homestake  of  South  Dakota  paid  its  200th  div- 
idend of  twenty-five  cents  per  share,  amounting  to  $31,250,  on 
the  25th. 

A  scheme  for  the  federation  of  Canadian  mining  associatious 
is  being  adopted  by  the  Nova  Scotia  Mining  Association, 
Quebec  General  Mining  Association,  the  Ontario  Mining  As- 
sociation and  others.  It  is  proposed  to  get  the  mining  men  of 
British  Columbia  to  organize  and  join  the  confederation  as 
well.  The  council  intends  organizing  a  mineral  exhibit  in 
Montreal  next  year. 

The  relief  committee  in  Butte,  Montana,  after  the  explosion, 
handled  nearly  $44,000  at  an  expense  of  only  $200.  After 
spending  $17,000  for  claims  of  various  kinds  since  the  catastro- 
phe, they  ask  to  be  relieved,  to  have  all  the,ir  accounts  and 
receipts  investigated,  and  express  their  willingness  to  turn 
over  the  remaining  $27,000  toa  new  committee  that  shall  make 
a  final  disposition  of  the  surplus. 

It  is  feared  in  Montana  that  two  of  the  three  mineral  land 
commissioners  for  each  district  are  to  be  appointed  outside  of 
the  State,  to  go  to  politicians  defeated  at  the  late  election. 
The  law  properly  executed  by  a  competent  commission  familiar 
with  the  country  will  meet  every  requirement,  but  if  the  com- 
mission is  composed  of  irresponsible  men,  or  men  in  possession 
of  no  practical  knowledge  of  the  country,  it  will  prove  a  failure. 

American  horses  are  allowed  to  bring  freight  into  Canada 
without  duty  being  charged  on  the  horses,  but  they  are  not 
allowed  to  carry  freight  out  unless  duty  has  been  paid  on 
them.  The  odd  spectacle  was  recently  seen  of  a  wagon  load  of 
ore  going  out  from  the  War  Eagle,  B.  C,  mine  which  had  two 
horses  in  the  shafts  and  two  led  behind.  The  two  led  behind 
were  citizens  of  the  United  States.  Those  doing  the  work 
were  Canadians. 

Plans  for  the  Denver  mining  exhibit  are  being  elaborated. 
One  of  these  is  to  sink  a  shaft  and  reproduce  sections  of  the 
famous  mines  of  the  continent.  The  workings  in"  every  par- 
ticular are  to  he  shown.  Work  on  the  shaft  will  begin  long 
enough  beforehand  to  get  the  mine  ready  to  operate  at  the 
time  the  exposition  begins.  Two  companies  have  expressed 
their  willingness  to  provide  all  necessary  sinking  and  driving 
machinery  free  of  all  cost  for  the  advertising  they  would  get. 
The  following  mining  companies  have  recently  incorporated  : 
The  Oro  Pino  Consolidated  Mill  and  Mining  Company— Princi- 
pal place  of  business,  Oro  Fino,  Siskiyou  county;  capital  stock, 
$30,000;  with  R.  J.  Murray  of  San  Francisco,  Pimbrook  Mur- 
ray of  Oro  Fino,  Blix  Smith  and  Fred  T.  Smith  of  Oakland, 
and  James  B.  Giffen  of  Sacramento  as  directors.  The  Home 
Ticket  Gold  Mining  and  Water  Company— Principal  place  of 
business,    San   Francisco;    capital  stock,   $100,000;    with  E. 


Jungei man  of  Columbia,  Tuolumne  county,    a.  A.  Hobe,  A.  C. 
Imhaus  and   H.  P.  Dunning  of  Oakland,  and  K.  A    - 

ranclsco  as    directors.     The   Peach  blow  Consolidated 
wj     Principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran 
capital  stock,  11,000,000;  with  G.  M.  Spencer,  G.  Senn, 
G.  Grant,  F.  Frankenthal  and  \v.  G.  Langdon  as  directors. 

Tin.  prices  (including  postage]  of  the  publications  of  the 
California  State  Mining  Bureau,  payable  Id  advance,  to  parties 
Living  outside  of  this  State  have  been  axed  as  follows:  vith 
Report  (1886).  $1 ;  VTIthReport  L887J  $1 ;  VlUth Reporl  1888), 
*i ;  l.\  th  Report  (1889),  $l\  XthReport(1890),  edition  exhausted 
Xlth  Report  (1808),  50 cents;  XHtfa  Reporl  [1694),  SI;  Bulletins 
No. 2 (Mine Timbering  50cenl  \..  3(Gasand  Petroleum), 
50 cents;  No.  I  (California  Fossils),  35  cents;  No.  5  [Cyanide 
Process),  50  cents. 

J.  H.  De  la  Mak,  of  Idaho,  Colorado  aud  Nevada,  is  in  the 
City,  and  says  ho  is  ready  now  to  buy  a  California  gold  mine, 
if  he  "can  find  one  big  enough."  He  will  have  no  difficulty 
in  that  direction  if  corresponding  requirements  ure  suffi- 
ciently large.  Capt.  De  la  Mar  has  made  considerable  money 
in  Idaho  mines,  has  invented  a  cyanide  process  of  his  own, 
claiming  greater  speed  and  economy  than  in  existing  proc- 
esses, and  is  putting  in  considerable  machinery  in  Ferguson 
district,  Nevada,  and  Gillett,  Colorado.  He  has  secured  one 
patent  and  has  another  pending. 

Last  Sunday's  Salt  Lake  Tribune  says:  "The  directors  of 
the  North  Fork  Placer  Mining  Company,  whose  works  are  in 
Siskiyou  county,  Cat.,  held  a  meeting  yesterday  morning-  and 
decided  to  send  a  force  of  men  under  Mr.  H.  V.  Carter,  the 
president  of  the  company,  to  California  at  once,  to  commence 
work  and  finish  opening  the  mine.  This  preliminary  work  will 
take  but  a  few  weeks,  as  the  great  flume  is  finished  aud  the 
ditch  two-thirds  completed.  All  that  is  necessary  now  is  to 
make  the  connections  and  turn  on  the  water.  Bedrock  was 
x*eached  last  fall,  and  shipping  of  gold  wili  commence  at  once." 

None  but  white  men  are  now  employed  at  the  Hidden 
Treasure  gravel  mine,  Sunny  South.  Placer  Co.  There  is  now 
a  large  number  of  men  on  the  payroll.  The  running  expenses 
of  the  mine  for  '94  were  over  {120,000.  It  is  one  of  the  many 
dividend  paying  mines  of  the  State,  of  whii  h  little  is  heard, 
but  which  affords  steady  employment  to  many  and  pays  its 
owners.  On  the  same  list  may  be  placed  the  Mayflower 
gravel  mine,  three  miles  north  of  Forest  Hill,  in  the  same 
county,  which  employs  about  100  men,  and  pays  out  nearly 
£8000  per  month,  and  the  Morning  Star  gravel  mine,  near 
Iowa  Hill,  employing  fifty  men,  which  has  worked  over  1000 
feet  of  the  channel  at  a  handsome  profit. 

The  United  States  Geological  Survey,  under  the  direction 
of  H.  W.  Turner,  has  finished  a  fine  map  of  a  part  of  the  gold 
belt  of  California,  which  is  a  part  of  a  series  of  maps  now  being 
prepared  and  which  are  to  form  a  geologic  atlas  of  the  United 
States.  The  maps  completed  constitute  "Jackson  Sheet," 
and  embrace  a  portion  of  the  Sierra  Nevadas,  chiefly  in  the 
counties  of  Amador  and  Calaveras.  These  maps  show  the 
inequalities  of  surface,  distribution  of  water,  and  the  cul- 
tivated lands.  They  give  exact  height  above  sea  level,  con- 
tours, railroads,  roads,  trails,  bridges  and  county  lines,  aud 
are  as  nearly  accurate  as  science  can  make  them.  The  series 
comprises  four  different  sheets,  each  devoted  to  a  different 
subject,  and  will  be  especially  valuable  to  miners. 

The  famous  old  Morris  Ravine  drift  mine,  four  miles  from 
Oroville,  iu  Butte  Co.,  has  been  sold  to  a  company  of  English 
mining  men  who  have  incorporated  in  London  under  the  name 
of  the  Golden  Butterfly.  It  consists  of  1200  acres  patented 
land,  and  is  about  as  large  as  any  one  miuing  claim  in  the 
United  States  under  one  patent.  The-sale  was  made  through 
Col.  Frank  McLaughlin,  who  will  represent  the  company's 
operations.  Considerable  money  was  spent  on  the  claim  by 
its  Indiana  owners  and  still  more  taken  out.  Since  the  death 
of  its  principal  owners,  it  lias  lain  idle.  Active  work  will  at 
once  begin  on  the  mine.  S.  P.  Moody  will  be  superintendent. 
The  local  paper  says  many  miners  will  be  employed. 

The  Alice  Gold  and  Silver  Mining  Company  has  issued  its 
annual  report  for  the  year  1894,  in  pamphlet  form.  The  report 
shows  that  the  total  net  silver  product  for  the  year,  at  the 
old  standard  value  of  §1.29  per  tine  ounce,  was  $455,631.08,  but 
the  discount  for  the  year,  in  view  of  the  demonetization  of 
silver,  was  §231,294.86,  leaving  the  total  net  product  for  the 
year  #224,336.22.  It  also  appears  from  the  report  that  116  men 
were  employed  during  the  year,  and  that  the  total  receipts 
exceeded  the  total  disbursements  by  $478.21.  The  total  value 
of  bullion  shipments  for  the  year  amounted  to  §455,631.08,  and 
the  average  price  for  which  the  silver  product  was  sold  was 
62.04  cents  per  ounce.  Thirty  stamps  of  the  sixty-stamp  mill 
were  worked  during  the  eutire  period,  while  ten  additional 
stamps  were  operated  during  the  mouth  of  December.  The 
gold  product  for  the  year  amounted  to  §20,561.70. 

Wm.  S.  Smith,  who  is  located  at  Texana  Mine,  Wanks  river, 
Nicaragua,  writes  that  he  left  New  York  last  October  with  a 
three-stamp  mill,  arriving  at  the  mine  November  10th.  He 
immediately  commenced  the  erection  of  his  mill  and  has  run 
it  several  weeks,  but  so  far  the  returns  are  nothing.  He 
reports  the  property  as  only  a  prospect.  He  will  run  the  mill 
for  another  month,  and  if  the  returns  are  no  better,  will  pull 
up  stakes  and  return  to  the  United  States.  He  advises  every- 
one to  stay  away  from  Nicaragua,  as  wages  are  low,  the  natives 
doing  all  the  work.  They  work  twelve  to  fourteen  hours  per 
day  for  from  §10  to  §20  per  month,  boarding  themselves.  He 
was  led  to  believe  that  the  company  had  a  very  rich  property 
with  lots  of  ore  to  work,  but  the  ground  is  spotted  and  the 
richness  of  the  spots  is  not  enough  to  pay  for  prospecting  to 
find  another.  Letters  to  and  from  Nicaragua  are  very  uncer- 
tain, as  the  authorities  closely  inspect  mail  matter. 


Personal. 

Louis  .Tanin  is  in  Grass  Valley. 

Soft,  of  the  Mtnt  Daggett  has  returned  from  Mexico. 

Nelson  Bennett,  of  Tacoma,  Wash.,  is  visiting  Salmon 
river,  Siskiyou  Co.,  mines." 

General  Manager  Leggett  of  the  Bodie  Standard  Con,  has 
returned  from  the  East. 

Geo.  Hough,  an  Eastern  man,  succeeds  Mr.  Nichol  as- super- 
intendent of  the  Comstock  Tunnel  Co. 

E.  S.  Holden,  of  the  Lick  Observatory,  has  been  made  a 
Commander  of  the  Ernestine  house  of  Saxony. 


19ii 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  30,  1895. 


Electric  Power  Transmission. 


The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  is 

so   many  further    inquiries   regarding 

plant   at   the  Standard  Con. 

mine,   Bodie,    Cal.,   that   the 

easiest  way  to  answer  is  to 

give  an   illustrated  synopsis 

of  descriptions  by  Mr.  T.  H. 

Leggett,  the  superintendent, 

who   has  given   a   clear   and 

succinct  account  in   a   paper 

read  before  the  American  In- 
stitute of  Mining   Engineers, 

in    an    article     in     the    12th 

report  of  the  State  Mineralo- 
gist,   in    an    article    in    the 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press 

last  December,  and  elsewhere. 
Over  two  years  ago  it  was 

decided  by  Mr.  Leggett  and 

the  mine  directors  that  some 

better    and    cheaper    motive 

power  could  be  secured  than 

paying    $2000    a    month    for 

wood  to  run  a  20-stamp  mill, 

crushing    and  amalgamating 

50  tons  of  ore  per  day.  Elec- 
tricity   generated    by  water 

power     was    found    feasible, 

and  Mr.  W.  P.  C.  Hasson  ad- 
vised the  use  of  a  single- 
phase    synchronous     system, 

which  was  adopted.  Water 
power  was  between  twelve 
and  thirteen  miles  away  in  Green  creek, 
on  the  north  slope  of  Castle  Peak  in  the 
Sierra  Nevada  mountains,  carrying  400 
inches  during  the  dry  season  and  nearly 
ten  times  that  amount  during  the  period 
of  melting  snow. 

An  old  ditch  was  cleared  out,  rebuilt 
for  a  length  of  4570  feet,  and  a  site 
selected  for  a  power-house  355  feet  ver- 
tically below  its  lower  end.  The  ditch 
was  made  larger  than  was  necessary  for 
power  purposes  alone,  it  being  intended 
to  supply  other  parties  when  an  excess 
of  water  made  it  admissible. 

Figs.  1  and  2  give  the  data  with  regard 
to  the  ditch  and  pipe;  Pigs.  3  and  4  show 
the  connecting  flume,  pressure-tank  and 
waste-weirs.  The  arrangement  of  the 
screen  adopted,  while  it  occasions  a  loss 
of  head  of  a  couple  of  feet,  was  deemed 
necessary  where  anchor  and  slush  ice 
form  during  cold  weather. 

The  pipe  is  of  large  diameter,  in  order 
to  permit  subsequent  enlargement  of  the 
plant,  and  also  to  reduce  loss  of  head  by 
friction.  It  is  fitted  with  three  2i-mc'h 
air  valves,  to  prevent  collapse  in  ease  of 
sudden  rupture,  and  is  anchored  at 
proper  intervals  with  .straps  of  l.i-ineh 
round  iron.     The  slip-joints  extend   to  a 


in  receipt  of 
the   electric. 


coupling  to  the  armature  shaft  of  a  120  K.-W.  A.  C. 
generator.  The  accompanying  illustrations  show 
the  generator  and  water  wheels  in  operation,  and 
the  generator  switch-board  at  the  power-house.    The 


two  similar  sockets  on  the  motor  switch  board.  The 
small  converter  in  the  upper  middle  of  the  switch- 
board has  a  transforming  ratio  of  30  to  1.  Its 
primary  coil  is  attached   to  the   main-current  wires 


Fig.   I. 

STANDARD  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COMPANY 

Waterand  Electric  PowerPlant, 

at  Green  Creek, 
NearEortie,  MonoCounty,  Calif o 


DITCH  ,,,& 
PRNKTiH  h. 
PIPE  LINE 


lon.W 


RECEIVER    Cvumoll.ihsSteel,o'6"ajo 
EFFECTIVE  HEAD    350  le.t. 
WATER  WHEELS  .  a  ei.inct,  special  Pelt. 
GOVERNOR.  One  Doulwlc  Governor;  01 
DYNAMO:  One  N. 


,  wlih  iB"  Gale  Valve,  Safely  Valve,  en 
H.  P.  Max.,  So;  Rcva. 


Fig.  2. 

ELECTRIC  POWER  LINE  BETWEEN  BODIE  &  GREEN  CREEK 

Mono  County. 

California. 

Scale:  1  hie-h  —  30(1  Feet 


Fig.  3. 


Penstock   and   Flume. 


Scale  Vin.= 
1S9S., 


GENERATOR    AND    WATER    WHEELS    IN    OPERATION. 

vertical  head  of  220  feet,  the  remainder  of  the  pipe  |  generator  current  is  led  from  the  collector-rings  on 

'jeing  laid  with  collar-and-sleeve  lead  joints.  I  the  extreme  end  of  the  armature  shaft  to  the  plug- 

The  speed  of  the  wheels  is  860  to  870  revolutions,    sockets  on  the   switch-board;    and   when   the   lirte- 

ud  their  shaft  is  connected'  by  an  insulated  rigid  '  plugs  are  in  these, '  the  current  follows  the  line  to 


from  the  generator,  and  its  secondary  to 
the  A.  C.  voltmeter,  immediately  be- 
low it. 

The  ammeter,  and  just  below  it  the 
aluminum  fuses,  all  oF  which  are  in  the 
main  circuit,  are  shown  to  the  left  of  the 
voltmeter  in  the  view  of  the  generator 
switch-board. 

Immediately  to  the  left  of  the  main-line 
plug  switches  is  the  ground-detector  with 
two  lamps,  one  for  each  leg  of  the  line, 
and  each  lamp  with  its  converter  be- 
hind it. 

A  press-button  below  the  lamps  makes 
the  necessary  connection  with  a  ground 
wire.  Without  this  connection  made,  the 
lamps  show  a  red  light  on  the  filaments, 
due  1n  the  difference  in  potential  of  the 
two  sides  of  the  liue;  and  should  a 
"ground"  occur  on  either  leg  of  the 
wire-line,  the  corresponding  lamp  im- 
mediately burns  at  full  candle  power, 
while  the  other  lamp  proportionately 
diminishes. 

The  two-pole  jaw-switch  to  the  left  of 
the  switch-board  is   in   the   circuit   from 
the  exciter  to  the  generator-fields,  as  are 
also  the  two  fuses  and   the  rheostat  im- 
mediately below  it.     The   small    rheostat 
to  the  right  of   the   fuse-blocks   and   the 
single-pole    switch    below    it 
are  in  the  shunt  field-circuit 
of  the  exciter.     By  means  of 
these  two   rheostats  the  po- 
tential   of    the   generator   is 
governed  and  the   voltmeter 
kept   at   its   proper  reading, 
the  large  rheostat  in  the  ex- 
citer and  generator  field-cir- 
cuit permitting  a  quick  regu- 
lation over  a  wide  range,  and 
the    shunt  -  rheostat    a    finer 
and  closer  adjustment  of  the 
voltage. 

When  starting  up  the  plant 
one  attendant  stands  at  the 
lever,  controlling  the  admis- 
sion of  water  to  the  wheels 
through  the  butterfly-valves, 
and  the  other  at  the  switch- 
board, handling  these  two 
rheostats  (most  of  the  regu- 
lation is  done  by  the  large 
one),  until  the  motor  is  in 
synchronism  and  at  work, 
when  the  governor  is  thrown 
into  gear,  the  voltage  is 
finally  adjusted,  and  the 
mechanism  is  then  practically 
self-regulating  for  all  ordi- 
nary changes  of  load.  If,  for 
instance,  ten  of  the  twenty 
stamps  are  to  be  hung  up,  or 
any  or  all  of  the  eight  con- 
tinuous pans  in  the  mill  are 
to  be  stopped,  it  is  never, 
necessary  first  to  give  word 
to  the  attendant  at  the 
power-house.  The  governor 
takes  charge  of  such  changes, 
even  to.the  entire  throwing  off  of  the  load,  as  before 
remarked.  All  the  b?arings  of  the  generator  and 
water  wheel  shafts  and  of  the  exciter  are  self-oiling. 
The  attendant  has  merely  to  keep  on  the  qui  rue  and 


March  30,  1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


197 


that    all    is   running  smoothly.     Any 
chaugi  ol  i he  buna  of  i be  dj nam.. 

warns  him  at  once  of  a  change  of  condi- 
tions, the  tone  rising  or  falling  according 
as  the  speed  increases  or  diminish.-, 
though  ever  so  slightly. 

i  .i  insure   1 1 1* -  all-important    factor  of 
constant  speed,  a  technometer,    register 
ing  to  1200  revolutions,   is   bi   ted    to  the 
r  wheel  and  dynamo  shaft,     lis  dial 
the    water    wheels,    so    thai    th< 
i  dant  at  the  valve  lever  can    readily 
maintain    a    uniform    speed    during    the 
at  ion  of  "synchronizing"   the   motor 
arting  the  mill,  at    which    time   t he 
constant  ly  varj  in-. 
In    front    .if    the    jaw    switch    on    Hie 
h  boa  rd  i  here  will  be  noticed,  in  the 
of  the  latter,   a  steel   spring,   and 
I  wo  cords  at  bached  to  the  handle  of 
the   large   rheostat.     These  cords  are  led 
around  the  side  of  the   building  to  the 
attendant's  place  at  inn  valve  lever,  as  is 
also  the  one  that  releases  the  natch  of  the 
spring.     A  pull  on  these  cords  opens  the 
exciter  main-circuit   instantly,    and    puts 
in   the    entire    resistance    box,    thereby 
"killing"  the  fields  of  the  generator  and 
preventing  any  dangerous  rise  in  electro- 
motive force,  should  the  load  be  suddenly 
thrown  off  by  a  break  in  the  wire-line,  or 
other  accident  causing  a  sudden  increase 
in  the  speed  of  the  armature  shaft.     This 
arrangement    was   devised    by   Mr.   Beg- 
gett,  before  the  speed  of  the  governor 


GENERATOR 


SWITCH -BOARD 
HOUSE. 


AT     POWKR- 


Generator  in  operation;  exciter  in  foreground;  choke  coils 
and  gap-lightning  arresters  on  separate  i 'd. 

cross-arm,  boxed  into  the  pole,  and  held  by  one 
bolt  and  one  lag-screw.  The  object  of  chamfering 
the  ends  of  the  cross-arms  is  to  leave  less  room  for 
the  lodging  of  snow  under  the  insulator. 

The  line  crosses  extremely  rough  country,  not 
500  yards  of  which  is  level  beyond  the  town  limits. 
Most  of  the  ground  is  very  rocky,  over  500  pounds 
of  dynamite  being  used  in  blasting  the  pole  holes. 
Accompanying  are  views  along  the  line  in  summer. 

The  wire  is  No.  1  gauge,  soft-drawn  bare  copper, 
and  is  attached  to  standard,  double-petticoat,  deep- 
groove  glass  insulators.  The  distance  between  the 
wires  is  3  feet  8  inches,  and  there  are  over  16.5 
tons  of  copper  in  the  line.  The  only  objection 
found  to  the  iron  pins  is  their  liability  to  be  with- 
drawn from  the  cross-arm  during  a  gale  of  wind, 
wheuever  there,  is  an  upward  pull  on  the  wire.  To 
obviate  this  a  number  of  pins  were  drilled  with  an 
J -inch  hole  near  the  end,  and  in  all  such  places 
these  were  used,  and  held  firm  by  driving  a  wire 
nail  through  them. 

The  wire  was  first  attached  to  the  insulators  by 
tie-wires  of  No.  Ill  galvanized  iron  wire.  Later  it 
was  found  advisable  to  insulate  the  line  wire  at  the 
insulators,  and  for  this  purpose  ordinary  sheet 
rubber  J-inch  thick,  such  as  is  used  for  gaskets, 
was  cut  into  strips  1.5  inch  wide  and  12  inches 
long.  These  were  wound  spirally  about  the  wire 
and  held  in  place  by  two  close  wrappings  of  Man- 
son's  tape.     The  whole  was  then  well  daubed  with 


POWER-HOUSE    AT    GREEN    CREEK. 


was  trebled,  the  constant-resistance  fly-wheel  was  put  in  and 
other  changes  were  made,  giving  more  sensitive  and  perfect 
control  of  the  water  power;  and  it  is  left  in  place  because  it 
might  still  be  of  use  in  case  of  emergency.  The  power-house 
is  lit  by  a  small  10  light  converter  attached  to  the  generator- 
circUit,  and  when  the  generator  is  not  in  operation,  by.  cur- 
rent from  the  exciter.  Above  is  giveu  an  illustration  of  the 
power-house  at  Green  creek. 

The  length  of  the  line  is  67,700  feet,  or  12.46  miles.  The 
pules  are  of  round  tamarack  timber,  21  feet  long,  (i  inches  in 
diameter  at  the  top,  set  -I  feet  in  the  ground;  poles  25  feel 
long  being  used  through  the  town,  and  along  the  line 
wherever  there  is  danger  of  deep  snow  drifts.  They  arc 
placed  100  feet   apart,    and   fitted   each   with  a  4  by  6-inch 


SUMMER    VIEW    ON    POLE -LINE,    LOOKING    EAST, 
TEN     MILES    FROM    BODIE. 

asphalt  paint,   and  the  insulated  wire  re-attached  to  the   in- 
sulators by  tie  wires  of  No.  6  weather-proof  copper  wire. 

The  line  crosses  a  number  of  very  steep  ridges  (from  300  to 
800  feet  in  height),  and  on  these  the  wire  necessarily  pulls 
heavily  on  the  top  pole,  and  especially  on  its  pins  and  in- 
sulators. In  all  such  places  the  ordinary  double-petticoat  in- 
sulators were  replaced  by  the  large  Pomona  insulator,  on 
which  the  wire  is  carried  in  a  groove  across  the  top,  and  its 
weight  is  therefore  directly  down  upon  and  in  line  with  the 
center  of  the  pin. 

(To  be  Continued.) 


SUMMER    VIEW 


POLE -LINE,     LOOKING     WEST,     TEN     M1L1SS    FROM    BODIE. 


The  Juneau  Nam  says  the  Berners'  Bay  mill  is  running 
twenty  stamps  by  water  and  steam  on  high-grade  gold  ore  from 
the  Comet  mine,  which  produces  galena  ore  carrying  gold. 


198 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  30,  1895. 


Rix  Air  Compressors. 


{Continued  from  page  193.) 


pressor  piston  is  under  full  pressure.  It  has  a 
Meyers  cut-off  also  to  add  to  its  economy.  No  heat 
from  the  engine  is  radiated  to  the  air  cylinder  on  ac- 
count of  its  position. 

This  machine  will  pay  for  its  increased  cost  in  a 
short  time  in  fuel  saving,  and  will  require  little  at- 
tention beyond  that  required  for  proper  lubrication. 
The  air  flows  to  the  cylinder  through  the  piston,  in 
which  are  four  small  valves,  the  springs  for  which 
can  be  renewed  in  not  to  exceed  one  minute  when 
necessary. 

The  engineering  public  is  awaiting  with  consider- 
able interest  the  completion  of  the  700-horse 
power  compressors,  for  compressing  air  to  the  un- 
usual pressure  of  2000  pouuds  per  square  inch,  that 
Mr.  Rix  has  designed,  and  which  the  Fulton  Engi- 
neering and  Ship-Building  Works  are  now  installing 
at  Fort  Winfield  Scott,  for  operating  the  three  pneu- 
matic guns  now  being  erected  there. 

Each  compressor  is  triple  stage,  that  is  to  say, 
the  air  is  first  compressed  in  two  initial  double-act- 
ing cylinders  to  about  seventy-five  pounds  per 
square  inch,  then  passed  through  a  cooler  composed 
of  copper  pipes,  submerged  in  cold  water,  then 
taken  into  the  intermediate  single-acting  ram  and 
compressed  to  about  400  pounds  to  the  square  inch, 
thence  through  another  cooler  composed  of  smaller 
copper  pipes,  thence  to  the  high-pressure 
ram,  where  it  is  compressed  to  2000  pounds 
per  square  inch,  and  from  thence  through 
a  final  cooler  of  still  smaller  copper  pipes 
to  the  storage  reservoirs,  which  are  a  bank 
of  steel  tubes,  twenty-four  in  number, 
thirty  feet  long,  and  having  a  diameter 
of  sixteen  inches  and  thickness  of  te  of  an 
inch;  the  heads  are  welded  in  solid.  It  is 
very  difficult  to  hold  air  at  this  pressure, 
and  a  small  leak  would  soon  materially 
detract  from  the  capacity  of  the  com- 
pressors. Special  methods  of  making 
joints  are  employed,  and  all  flanges,  bolts, 
pipes,  etc.,  are  of  a  seemingly  unneces- 
sary proportion.  The  engines  to  do  this 
work  are  four  in  number,  twenty  inches 
diameter  by  twenty-four  inches  stroke, 
arranged  with  Meyers'  cut-off.  There  are 
four  72X16  boilers,  arranged  for  forced 
draught,  the  air  being  forced  into  the 
furnaces  by  two  steam  Sturtevant  fans, 
each  having  outlets  twenty-two  inches  in 
diameter.  The  water  for  cooling  the'  com- 
pressed air  and  for  boiler  purposes  will 
have  to  be  pumped  from  the  old  Spring 
Valley  flume,  about  2000  feet  distant  and 
300  feet  below  the  level  of  the  engine 
house.  This  will  be  done  either  by  elec- 
tricity or  compressed  air,  as  may  be 
deemed  expedient. 

Some  careful  experiments  will  be  made     I 
with  this  plant   to  determine  some  ques- 
tions "  hitherto  unsettled  and  which  will  be 
of  considerable  advantage    to    engineers. 
Much   thought   is   now  being  given  tocom- 
pressed  air,  as  a  means  for  power  trans-     ^^^^B 
mission,  and  eminent  authorities   are   san- 
guine that  it  will  shortly  prove  more   effi- 
cient  for  general  purposes  than  electricity 
or  steam.     The  immense  power  plants  in  Paris  and 
Birmingham  show  a  marvelous  efficiency  and  an  ever- 
increasing  demand  from  power  users.     Compressed 
air  offers  the  very  reasonable  advantages  that,  the 
supply   is   boundless,    it   is  perfectly  elastic,  easily 
transmitted,  the  exhaust  from  the  motors  is  harm- 
less, and  it  can  be  used   for   an  endless  .variety  of 
work. 

Colorado  Mining  Stocks. 


Electricity   in   the  Oover  Mine. 


In  several  instances  electric  motors  are  in  use  un- 
derground in  California  mines.  Herewith  is  illus- 
trated an  electric  pumping  plant  on  the  fifth  level  of 
the  Gover  mine  in  Amador  Co.  Superintendent  Mc- 
Call  says: 

''Two  triple-plunger  Dow  pumps  are  used — one 
with  six-inch  plungers  raising  12i  miner's  inches  of 
water  311  feet  vertically,  and  one  with  five-inch 
plungers  raising  11  miner's  inches  of  water  208  feet 
vertically.  An  Edison  dynamo,  No.  16,  of  50-horse 
power  capacity  is  used,  and  run  at  a  speed  of  820 
revolutions  per  minute,  the  voltage  being  220. 
Sprague  motors  are  used.  The  one  working  the 
larger  pump  is  run  at  a  speed  of  1000  revolutions  per 
minute,  giving  20-horse  power;  and  the  other  is  run 
at  a  speed  of  1250  revolutions  per  minute,  producing 
15-horse  power.  The  voltage  in  the  motors  is  the 
same  as  that  of  the  dynamo.  Copper  wire  -j^-inch 
in  diameter  transmits  the  power  from  the  dynamo 
to  the  motors,  a  distance  of  about  1700  feet — 1000 
feet  on  the  surface,  and  700  feet  down  the  shaft.  The 
wires  cause  no  trouble  whatever  in  the  shaft,  retim- 
bering  even  being  done  without  stopping  the  pumps. 
The  shaft  is  quite  wet  in  places.  The  pumps  have 
run  three  years  and  four  months,  pumping  during 
that  time  50,000,000  gallons  of  water.  The  armature 
of  the  dynamo  burnt  out  once,  owing  to  injuries  re- 
ceived in  shipment,  the  core  being  shifted.   The  com- 


A  California  Stamp  Mill 


Many  devices  have  been  invented  for  crushing  ore, 
but  thus  far  the  California  stamp  mill  remains  at  the 
head  of  the  procession .  These  mills  are  built  in  bat- 
teries, usually  of  five  stamps  each,  and  ordinarily  at 
first  the  mill  consists  of  one  battery  only,  but  is  so 
arranged  that  additional  batteries  may  be  placed  in 
position  when  the  mine  is  found  to  warrant  the  ex- 
penditure. The  price  of  the  mill  is  usually  estimated 
at  so  much  per  stamp,  usually  costing  about  $1000 
per  stamp  by  the  time  the  mill  is  ready  to  begin 
crushing  ore.  Of  course,  the  price  depends  upon 
the  difficulty  attendant  in  getting  the  mill  to  the 
mine  and  also  on  the  weight  of  the  stamps,  which 
runs  from  250  to  950  pounds  each.  A  medium-weight 
stamp,  about  750  pounds,  is  most  commonly  used  and 
is  suitable  for  crushing  almost  any  class  of  ore.  This 
estimate  of  so  much  per  stamp  includes  the  boilers 
and  engines,  amalgamating  plates  and  all  that  is  nec- 
essary to  handle  free-milling  ore. 

Each  battery  consists  of  a  large  integral  cast-iron 
mortar  having  a  rectangular  bed,  within  which  the 
"dies"  are  arranged.  Each  die  consists  of  a 
square  base  having  upon  its  top  a  cylindrical  projec- 
tion which  is  just  the  diameter  of  the  stamp  and  is 
arranged  to  receive  the  blow  from  its  respective 
stamp.  A  layer  of  sand  or  ore  is  placed  in  the  bot- 
tom of  the  mortar  before  the  dies  are  placed  in  pnsi- 


ELECTRIC     PUMP     ON    F1ETH    LEVEL,     COVER     MINE,     AMADOU    COUNTY. 


Writing  from  Colorado  Springs,  Colorado,  under 
date  of  March  25th,  F.  H.  Pettingell,  among  other 
things,  says  : 

This  is  a  period  when  many  annual  meetings  of  min- 
ing companies  will  be  held.  The  owners  of  stocks 
should  carefully  direct  their  interests  and  show  some 
discretion  in  giving  proxies,  and  it  would  be  better 
by  all  means  for  them  to  attend  these  meetings  if 
possible. 

If  the  directory  of  the  company  has  conducted 
the  affairs  of  the  company  in  a  questionable 
manner  during  the  past  twelve  months,  steps  should 
be  taken  to  accomplish  a  change.  This  can  only  be 
done  by  the  united  efforts  on  the  part  of  the  stock- 
holders. Judging  from  the  manner  in  which  the 
affairs  of  certain  companies  have  been  conducted, 
any  change  would  be  a  decided  improvement. 

There  are  too  many  stocks  speculated  in  on  this 
market,  whose  management  is  rotten  to  the  core. 
If  this  is  to  go  on  uninterrupted,  the  probable  result 
is  too  plain  for  comment.  The  business  is,  in  my 
opinion,  dailv  becoming  more  legitimized  by  many 
reforms,  and  these,  of  course,  materially  affect  its 
permanency. 


mutator  of  the  dynamo  is  turned  down  about  once  a 
year.  The  motors  are  connected  with  the  pumps  by 
gearing.  Rawhide  pinions  are  used  on  the  armature 
shafts.  The  rawhide  pinions  last  a  year,  and  are 
more  reliable  and  more  satisfactory  than  those  made 
of  bronze.  With  the  motors,  the  only  precaution 
taken  against  dampness  is  a  thorough  coat  of  par- 
affine  paint.  The  smaller  motor  was  run  at  one  time 
for  several  hours  with  the  field  piece  half  way  under 
water." 

Obituary. 


Captain  D.  I.  Ezekiel,  a  widely  known  mining  man  of 
Denver,  died  in  that  city  last  Saturday. 

William  S.  Pierce,  manager  and  chief  owner  of  the  Peta- 
luma  Electric  Light  &  Power  Company,  owner  of  the 
Pierce  Telephone  Company,  president  of  the  California 
Dairymen's  Union,  and  one  of  the  most  wealthy  and  prominent 
citizens,  was  instantly  killed  by  contact  with  one  of  the  wires 
last  Saturday. 

John  Timmons,  one  of  the  original  builders  of  the  South 
Yuba  canal,  and  once  a  millionaire,  died  at  the  city  almshouse 
last  week.  He  was  associated  with  the  Comstock  people 
twenty-five  years  ago,  but  lost  his  money  in  speculations.  In 
the  early  fifties  he  was  associated  with  J.  S.  Green,  the 
Husseys  and  others  in  developing  Nevada  county's  resources, 
building  the  Remington  Hill  ditch  and  the  South  Yuba  canal. 
He  sold  his  mines  to  Alvinza  Hay  ward  for  a  large  sum,  but 
sunk  it  elsewhere. 


The  annual  report  of  the  Bell  Telephone  Company 
shows  the  expenses  of  the  company  for  the  year  to 
be  $1,724,459.87,  and  the  net  earnings  $3,123,789.05. 
The  surplus  account  December  31,  1894,  showed  $2,- 
151,011.61.  The  long-distance  company  shows  an  in- 
crease in  gross  earnings  of  13.4%,  the  amount  for 
1894  being  $1,011,061.82. 


tion,  in  order  to  form  a  cushion  to  prevent  the  blows 
from  the  stamp  breaking  the  mortar.  The  mortar 
is  cast  with  a  heavy  frame  above  it,  somewhat  like  a 
basket  with  an  exceedingly  heavy  handle,  and  in  this 
frame  are  provided  guideways  in  which  play  the 
stems  of  the  stamps.  Still  above  this  frame  is  an- 
other heavy  wooden  frame,  in  which  play  the  upper 
ends  of'the  stamp  stems.  Between  the  two  frames 
is  arranged  the  cam  shaft,  which  is  provided  with 
one  cam  for  each  stamp.  These  cams  are  shaped 
somewhat  like  a  very  heavy,  strong  sickle,  and  are 
from  eight  to  fourteen  inches  in  length.  The  handle 
end  is  provided  with  an  opening,  through  which  the 
cam  shaft  passes  and  a  key  secures  it  rigidly  in  place. 

The  stamp  stems  are  round  shafts  of  iron,  and  in  a 
battery  of  750-pound  stamps  the  stems  are  about 
four  inches  in  diameter.  To  the  lower  end  of  the 
stem  is  keyed  a  cast  base,  having  a  socket  in  which 
fits  the  stem  of  the  stamp  "shoe,"  which  is  from  six 
to  ten  inches  in  diameter  and  about  one  foot  in 
length  when  new.  This  shoe  is  also  keyed  in  the 
socket  so  it  can  be  easily  removed  when  necessary. 
Upon  each  stamp  stem,  above  the  cam  shaft  and  in 
the  path  of  its  respective  cam,  is  keyed  a  collar 
called  a  "  tappet,"  and  at  each  revolution  of  the 
cam  shaft  each  cam  engages  with  its  respective  tap- 
pet and  lifts  the  stamp  until  the  cam  passes  from 
under  the  tappet  and  lets  the  stamp  drop.  The. 
cams  are  arranged  spirally  around  the  shaft  so  that 
the  stamps  are  raised  and  dropped  in  regular  suc- 
cession, and  not  all  at  once. 

The  rear  of  the  mortar  is  closed  by  a  thick,  wooden 
plank  which  is  wedged  tightly  in  grooves  in  the  mor- 
tar, while  the  front  is  closed  by  means  of  a  screen  of 
wire  cloth  or  of  slotted  sheet  metal.  These 
screens  are  of  different  degrees  of  fineness,  run- 
ning from  40  to  120  openings  to  the  inch,  and  the 
fineness  of  the  screen  depends  upon  the  character  of 


March  30,  1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


199 


the  ore.  When  the  gold  is  coarse  a  forty-mesh  screen 
will  answer,  but  if  the  gold  is  fine  a  sixty  or  eighty- 
mesh  screen  will  be  required.  Very  tine  sold  may 
require  a  l'JU-mesh  screen,  but  this  is  unusual.  The 
•  screens  are  f^tenedon  frames  which  fit  into  grooves 
in  the  mortar-box,  and  are  wedged  firmly  in  place  by 
iron  wedges.  Strips  of  blanket  are  tacked  along  the 
edges  of  the  frame  so  that  when  in  place  the  joints 
wiQ  be  water  tight,  and  all  fhr  matter  which  es 
capes  From  the  mortar-box  will  have  to  pass  through 
the  screen. 

The  "drop"  of  the  stamps    thai  is.  the  dish e 

they  fall — is  regulated  bj  adjusting   the   tappets  ou 

thi  stamp  stems.     A  Beven  and  one-half  inch  drop  is 

gh  to  crush  ordinary  quartz,  but  the  hard  quartz 

imes    takes    a    drop   "f    nine    inches  or    more. 

stamp  is  arranged  to  drop  from  forty  to  ninety 

times  per  minute  dependent    upon  the  distance  it 

falls.     If  the  dmp  is  Dine  inches  and  the  speed  ninety 

times  per  minute,    the    ram    will    usually    catch    the 

tappet  before  the  shoe  hils    ihe   die,  and   of  course 

the  ore  will  not  be  crushed  if  this  is  done,    the   earn 

■  ing  the  full  force  of  I  he  blow. 

The  ore  is  placed  in  a  large  hopper,  which  has  its 
lower  end  closed  by  one  side  of  a  large,  horizontally 
arranged  iron  plate,  which  is  connected  by  means  of 
cog-wheels;  a  ratchet  and  an  arm,   with  a  plunger 

which  extends  upward  far  enough  to  lie  struck  by  a 
tappet  on  one  of  the  central  stamp  stems.  This 
plunger  can  be   regulated  so  that  the  tappet  will 

oidy  strike  it  when  the  stamp  has  just  sufficient  ore 
beneath  il  to  keep  it  from  "  pounding  iron,"  as  it  is 
termed  when  the  shoe  hits  upon  the  die  itself.  When 
the  tappet  hits  the  plunger  the  plate  is  rotated  an 
inch  or  two  and  the  ore  is  carried  against  a  scraper, 
which  causes  it  to  fall  from  the  plate  into  the 
mortar-box;  when  too  much  ore  gets  beneath  the 
stamp,  the  tappet  does  not  strike  the  plunger  aud 
no  more  ore  is  fed  to  the  stamps  until  enough  has 
been  crushed  and  washed  from  the  mortar  to  allow 
the  tappet  to  again  strike  the  plunger. 

In  front  of  the  mortar  is  arranged  the  "apron," 
an  amalgamating  plate,  upon  which  is  discharged  all 
the  crushed  ore  which  passes  through  the  screen. 
Amalgamating    plates    are    also     arranged    in     the 


battery,  as  the  inside  of  the  mortar  box  is 
termed.  These  amalgamating  plates  arc  of  copper, 
about  three-sixteenths  of  an  inch  thick,  and  are 
plated  with  silver.  Before  being  placed  in  pos 
eaob  plate  is  "  charged  "  by  being  coated  with  ,|uick- 
silver,  which  clings  to  the  plate  in  a   thin  sheet 

Below     the    "apron"   is     arranged    a   long    - 
which  sometimes  has  its  bottom   covered    with  a 
gamating  plates  over  which  the  ore   all  pus-r    oi 
way  to   the  "slum"  pond.      If   the   ore   is   hard    to 
work,  it  is  common  to  run   it    through  "  mu      I        or 
larger  cast  iron  basins,  each  having  a  rotary  gi 
arranged  therein. 

When  everything  is  ready  the  mill  is  stai  ted.  The 
stamps  are  all  "  hung  u|i,  or,  in  other  words,  the 
tappets  are  held  out  of  reach  of  the  revolving  cams 
by  means  of  pivoted  uprights  wliich  are  arranged  to 

it   atli    the    tappets       In   starting    the    mill    the 

engine  is  set  going  and  the  cam  shaft  revolves,  but 
as  longas  the  tappets  are  supported  by  the  pivoted 
uprights  the  cams  revolve  freely.  To  set  the  stamps 
in  motion  the  millman  takes  a  well  greased  wedge. 
which  is  covered  on  both  sides  with  leather,  inserts 
it  beneath  the  tappet  of  the  first  stamp,  and  as  the 
cam  comes  around  it  strikes  the  wedge  and  lifts  the 
tappet  from  the  upright,  which  is  then  swung  to 
the  rear  out  of  the  way,  and  the  stamp  is  permitted 
to  drop.  The  stamps  are  all  released  in  turn,  and  in 
a  few  seconds  the  mill  is  in  operation,  and  a  deaf- 
ening roar  fills  the  building  and  reverberates  from 
the  hills.  A  stream  of  water  is  kept  constantly 
Mowing  into  the  battery,  and  as  the  stamps  pound 
the  ore  to  powder  it  mixes  with  the  water,  and  that 
ore  which  is  fine  enough  passes  with  the  water 
through  the  screen  and  down  the  sluice  to  the  "  tail- 
ing" or  "  slum  "  pond.  Nearly  all  the  free  gold  is 
amalgamated  by  the  quicksilver  ou  the  plates  in  the 
battery,  but  what  little  is  not  catches  on  the 
"apron"  plate,  and,  if  the  ore  is  rich,  soon  small, 
hard,  white  lumps  begin  to  appear  on  the  apron. 
When  this  occurs  the  millman  knows  that  the  quick- 
silver on  the  plates  in  the  battery  has  taken  up  all 
the  gold  it  will  hold,  and  he  begins  to  "feed  the 
battery  "  by  throwing  in  a  small  quantity  of  quick- 
silver to  amalgamate  the  gold  in  the   battery.      The 


amalgam  gathers  on  the  battery  plates,  and  as  soon 
rd   amalgam  begins  to  show  on  the  apron    m6n 

"  quick,"  as  it  is  called  by  the  millmen,  is  fed  to  the 
ry. 
If  too  much  "quick"   is  fed  to  the  battery,  it 

Splashes    Out     through    the    screen    and    softens    the 
amalgam  on  the  apron  until  il  runs  fn  when 

this  occurs,  no  more  "quick"  is  fed  to  the  battery 
until  the  amalgam  on  the  apron  again  gets  firm. 

The  richness  of  the  ore  can  be  pretty  accurately 
gauged  by  the  amount  of  "quick"  it  calls  for.  In 
ordinary  free-milling  ore  two  ounces  of  "quick" 
will  amalgamate  one  ounce  of  gold.  The  "  quick  "  is 
fed  >>\  means  of  a  small  spoon,  which  holds  about  as 
much  as  a  child's  thimble,  or  one  ounce  of  "quick." 

Each  stamp  should  crush  one  ton  of  ore  in  ten 
hours.  If  the  battery  takes  ten  ounces  oi  quick" 
an  hour,  the  millman  knows  that  the  ore  crushed 
during  that  time  contained  about  live  ounces  of  gold, 

I  worth   usually  about  slT   per  ounce,    thus     the   ore 
would  mill  about  $170  per  ton. 

All  gold  bullion  is  not  of  the  same  fineness.  That 
is  to  say.  as  the  gold  comes  from  the  ore  it  is  mixed 
with  baser  metals,  such  as  silver  and  copper,  and  the 
value  of  the  gold  bullion  depends  upon  the  amount  of 
base  metal  it  contains.  Copper  and  silver  will  amal- 
gamate as  well  as  gold,  so  it  sometimes  happens  that 
the  battery  takes  lots  of   ■'quick."  but  the  amalgam 

J  will  be  of  slight  value.     It  is  impossible  to  give  cor- 
rect figures  on  the  value  of  the  ore  until  the  bullion 

I  is  assayed  to  determine  the  purity  of  the  gold. 

As  each  cam  lifts  its  stamp,  it  partially  rotates  it 
by  its  action  against  the  tappet,  so  that  the  stamp- 
shoes  are  constantly  turning  around  and  caused  to 
wear  evenly.  As  the  shoes  aud  dies  wear  away  from 
the  constant  abrasion  of  the  hard  quartz,  the  stamps 
are  lowered  by  raising  the  tappets  upon  the  stamp 
stems.  A  stamp  shoe  a  foot  long,  when  new,  will, 
in  a  month  or  two,  wear  down  to  one-half  that  length. 
If  no  accidents  occur,  the  mill  is  kept  in  operation 
until  it  is  decided  to  make  a  "clean-up"  of  the 
amalgam.  When  this  is  decided  upon,  the  stamps 
are  "hung  up  "by  a  reversal  of  the  operation  by 
which  they  were  set  into  action. 

Alfred  I.  Townsend. 


Uinion    Iroin  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST     AND     MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-IVlANUFflCTURERS       OF 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed   Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  mills, 

manty  Onili  /Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  Water  Wheel, 

PUffVPS  -Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and   Lead   Eurnaces,        Mil  Classes  of  marine  Work. 

^*azz^>SHIP  BUILDERS.      *       BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *       HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^ss*^ 

NEW  YORK  OFFICK:     1  -»■  S    B  ROrt  D\A/«  Y.  CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UINIOIN." 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  I860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

San  Franoisco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON,  Manager. 

Denver,  C<»l 1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent. 

New  York  City 26   Cortlandt  street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  III 509  Home  Iris.  Building. 

J.  B.  ALLAN.  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  /MACHINERY. 


T*!McGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 

patented  September  19.  i8!w.       CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      prank  BARRERE.sWtaryandMaSager 


('nil  be  a in  operation  at  tin-  Company's  works.  12 

Alain  street,  San  Francisco. 

Office,  116  Davis  Street. 


NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 
ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 

A  MARVEL  ol'  Simplicity.  Durability  and  Effectiveness, 
combining  both   Side   and    End   Motion   with    a   Bumping 

Belt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  belt  and  amount  of  PER- 
CUSSION easily  and  quickly  regulated.  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  tons.  Only  one-tenth  horsepower 
inquired.     Adapted  for  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

JPKIC1S SS350   KACII 

Including  prepared  canvas  hell  J  ft.  Gins.  wide. 


Fa 


-  Mi 


,  luo 


ASi'.l 


\i...  May 


Mi.  is: 


THE  MC&LEW  CONCUKTKATOit  I'n.MI'.WV:      I    take    ... 

pleasure  in  endorsing:  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. When  I  was  requested  lo  examine  your  concen- 
trator, I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring  lliat  I  won  hi  have 
none  oi  her  l  ban  a  Erne,  as  after  many  years'  expevienee 
with  different  concentrators,  l  believed  them  to  be  Hie 
best. 

Now.  after  a  thorough  trial  of  llie  MeWlew  Ore  Coucenr 
bvalor.  oh  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I  emphatically 


it  t 
ndlih 


or 


i  hi 


used  in  handling  my  ores.  It  Is  doing  CLEANER  am 
CLOSER  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  com 
eentralor  to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  lateen  every  hour,  dried 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  *  *  *  from  West  ledge,  a 
saving  by  your  concentrator  of  !U»*.  per  ceul :  from  East 
ledge.  *  •  .*  a  saving  of  93  per  cent.  The  concentrate) 
runs  very  easy  and  requires  bin  slight  attention.  Oin 
man  intends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

You  have  a  good  eoneentr.-itor.  and  ll  can  be  relied  npoi 
iu  handle  any  ore  that  will  concentrate.  I  most  heartily 
recommend  il  to  the  mining  public.  Yours  respectfully 
E.  t.  BALLOU.  Propr.  Ballon  Reduction  Works. 


200 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  30,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 


A  Tubular  Frame  House. 


M.    Caron,    of  Chamounix,   has   just 
built  a  most  peculiar  house,   for  which 
he  claims,   first,  a  constant  tempera- 
ture and  incidentally  strength,  dura- 
bility, comfort  and  beauty.  The  change 
of  temperature  in  the  valleys  of  this 
mountainous   region    is    frequent    and 
severe,  and  the  building  of  such  a  house 
was  prompted  by  the  severity  and  in- 
stability of   the  climate.      Mr.    Caron 
first  put  up   a   frame  of  steel   water 
tubing,  allowing  continuous  circulation 
to  a  "stream  of   water.     Around   this 
frame  he  put  up  his  house  in  the  ordi- 
nary way,  the  entire  structure  being  a 
very  pretty  specimen  of  the  early  Ital- 
ian   renaissance.     The     peculiarity    is 
that  all  floors  and  ceilings  are  likewise 
crossed   and   recrossed   by   the   water 
pipes.     The      water,      after      passing 
through  the  horizontal  tubes  first,  that 
is  under  the  floors  and  ceilings,  passes 
through   the   vertical   tubes    until    all 
have  been  gone  through.       In  summer, 
spring  water,  fresh  as  is  only  the  water 
of   the    snow-capped   Alps,    circulates 
under  pressure  through  the  network  of 
tubes,    cools   off  the   walls,  and,  after 
having  run  its  course,  flows  off  consid- 
erably warmer  than  when  it  entered. 
But  in  its  course  it  has  absorbed  much 
heat,  which  it  carries  away.     During 
the  long  and  severe  winter  the  water, 
entering  through  the  basement,  is  first 
heated  to  nearly  100°,  and  then  forced 
through  the  tubing.      Of  course,  much 
of  the  heat  is  left  all  over  the  house, 
and  at  the  outlet   the   temperature  of 
the  water  is  about  40°.      The   speed  of 
the  circulation  of  water  can  be  regu- 
lated so  as  to  allow  the  fixing  of  a  cer- 
tain temperature  for  the  house,  which 
is   equal   throughout.     The   house  has 
been  put  to  a  practical  test  through 
the   last   eight   months,   and  has  stood 
the  trial  well.     The  builder  claims  for 
it   cheapness,    solidity  and    elasticity, 
giving     it     immunity     against    earth- 
quakes.     The   house   measures    about 
6000  cubic  yards  and  weighs   120   tons, 
or  36  pounds  per  cubic  yard  inclosed. 
It  is  fireproof,  having  running  water  in 
every  room,  and  fire  can  be  drowned 
out  in  a  remarkably  short   time.  —  La 
Nature. 

Parts  That  Do  Not  Grow  Old. 


lose  their  elasticity  and  to  slowly  but 
surely  dilate.  They  become,  therefore, 
much  less  efficient  carriers  of  the  nutri- 
ent blood  to  the  capillary  areas.  But 
this  is  not  the  case  with  the  internal 
carotids,  which  supply  the  capillary 
areas  of  the  brain.  On  the  contrary, 
those  large  vessels  "  continue  to  retain 
their  pristine  elasticity,  so  that  the 
blood  pressure  remains  normally  higher 
than  within  the  capillary  area  of  any 
other  organ  in  the  body.  The  cerebral 
blood  paths  being  thus  kept  open,  the 
brain  tissue  is  kept  better  nourished 
than  the  other  tissues  of  the  body." 
Who  is  there  among  those  who  have 
reached  or  passed  middle  age  that  will 
not  be  rejoiced  to  find  such  admirable 
physiological  warrant  for  the  belief 
that  the  brain  may  continue  to  work, 
and  even  to  improve,  almost  to  the 
very  last  hour  of  life  ? 

As  soon  as  Thomas  A.  Edison  can 
find  the  time,  he  means  to  learn  some- 
thing about  argon,  the  newly  discov- 
erea  gaseous  constitute  of  the  atmos- 
phere. Mr.  Edison  not  only  believes 
in  the  discovery  of  Lord  Raleigh  and 
his  co-workers,  but  thinks  it  probable 
that  further  experiments  will  disclose 
other  new  elements  in  the  air.  "To 
tell  the  truth,"  said  the  electric  wizard, 
"the  discovery  of  argon  is  a  fresh 
evidence  of  how  little  we  know  even  of 
the  commonest  matters.  The  air  has 
been  analyzed  over  and  over  again  for 
half  a  century  without  suspecting  that 
it  held  any  new  elements."  Mr.  Edi- 
son explained  that  his  investigations 
concerning  his  incandescent  lamp 
showed  him  phenomena  which  could 
only  be  explained  on  the  hypothesis  of 
a  new  element.  But  he  was  unable  to 
say  whether  argon  was  responsible  for 
those  phenomena. 


In  his  work  on  the  senile  heart  Dr. 
Balfour  tells  us  that  there  are  two 
parts  of  the  human  organism  which,  if 
wisely  used,  "largely  escape  senile 
failure."  These  two  are  the  brain  and 
the  heart.  Persons  who  think  have 
often  wondered  why  brain  workers, 
great  statesmen,  and  others,  should 
continue  to  work  with  almost  unim- 
paired mental  activity  and  energy  up 
to  a  period  when  most  of  the  organs 
and  functions  of  the  body  are  in  a  con- 
dition of  advanced  senile  decay.  There 
is  a  physiological  reason  for  this,  and 
Dr.  Balfour  tells  us  what  it  is.  The 
normal  brain,  he  affirms,  "remains  vig- 
orous to  the  last,"  and  that  "because 
its  nutrition  is  specially  provided  for." 
About  middle  life,  or  a  little  later,  the 
general  arteries  of  the  body  begin   to 


Animals  are  like  the  bright  and  fra- 
grant flowers  of  plants — when  their 
function  is  accomplished,  they  wither 
and  perish.  The  business  of  the  ani- 
mal seems  to  be,  not  to  live  its  own 
life,  but  to  reproduce  its  own  kind,  and 
the  term  of  life  at  its  disposal  is  ad- 
justed accurately  to  the  special  diffi- 
culties of  this  purpose.  Death  comes 
as  soon  as  possible  after  the  due 
number  of  successors  has  been  pro- 
duced, in  order  that  each  species  may 
always  be  represented  by  a  full  tale  of 
young  and  vigorous  individuals.  Nat- 
ural selection  acts  like  a  contractor 
who  has  undertaken  to  keep  a  window 
box  gay  with  fresh  blossoms — each 
plant  must  be  removed  almost  before 
its  flowers  fade. 


The  signal  service  of  the  United 
States  is  founded  on  the  text  in  Eccle- 
siastics: "All  the  rivers  run  into  the 
sea,  and  yet  the  sea  is  not  full."  Com- 
modore Maury  writes  that  it  was  by 
thinking  on  the  meaning  of  this  asser- 
tion that  he  first  got  at  the  central  idea 
of  what  is  now  the  growiug  science  of 
meteorology. 


Prof.  Gilbert,  the  geologist,  has 
come  to  the  conclusion  that  the  huge 
hole  in  the  ground  known  as  the  Diablo 
canyon,  in  Arizona,  marks  the  place 
where  a  large  meteor  once  struck  the 
ai-ound. 


Attention    Miners ! 

w.  w  jSntague  &  CO. 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining,  Mills  and  Power  Plants. 

IRON,  (JUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  Harket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


Mining  Machinery. 


SIAMP   BATTERIES. 

Corliss  and  Meyer  Cnt-of  f 

Steam    Engines. 

— : — Improved 

Blake  Rock  Breakers. 

Amalgamating  Pans 
and  Settlers. 

CHLORINATION  BARRELS. 
BRUCKHER    ROASTIHG    CYLINDERS. 


-f  VULCAN  -f- 


WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135  to  145  Fremont  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, CaJ. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -    New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado830 City  of  Mexico 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  and  655  mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON, -     Proprietor. 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


"Success  brings  success." 

Did  you  ever  stop  to  think  what  this  means?  Did  you 
ever  notice  how  the  "  successful  "  firm  transacts  Its  business  ? 
Itdoes  itthrough  "successful"  channels.  The  Lunkenheimer 
Company  Is  said  to  be  a  "  successful  "  firm  ;  that  their  special- 
ties area  "success;"  that  the  name  "Lunkenheimer"  on 
Brass  Goods  means  "success."  You  can  judge  for  yourself 
by  sending  for  their  new  Catalogue.  No  steam  user  should 
be  without  one.  Gratis  upon  request.  We  don't  want  all 
your  trade,  only  a  share. 

WE  HAVE  COME  TO  STAY. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS. 

22Q  Market  St.,  Sari  Francisco,  Cal. 


March  30,  1895. 


Mechanical   Progress. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


201 


The   Wage   Worker    in    Germany. 


Vice-commercial  Agent  George  B. 
Murphy,  writing  from  Luxemburg  to 
the  State  Department 
fart-.  germaDe  to  present  economic  dis 
cussion.  Be  finds  t  hut  the  standard  of 
wages  is  almost  the  same  in  Luxem- 
burg as  in  Germany.  Generally  speak- 
ing, the  average  earnings  of  ordinary 
workmen  amount  to  less  than  1200  per 
annum.  Women  earn  about  half  as 
much  as  men.  The  average  wages  of 
miners  and  foundry  hands  is  less  than 
$1  a  day.  The  average  annual  salaries 
of  primary  school  teachers  arc  -^_4  for 
males  and  $17n  for  females.  A  very 
large  majority  of  the  officials  and  em- 
ployes of  t lit-  Government  earn  less 
than  $400  per  annum. 

On  the  other  hand,  speaking  gener- 
ally) the  necessaries  of  life  cost  as 
much  in  central  Europe  as  they  do  in 
the  United  States.  A  workman's  ex- 
penditures for  clothing  and  rent  may 
possiblv  be  somewhat  loss  there  than 
in  the  United  States,  but  in  the  town 
of  Luxemburg  coal  costs  $7  per  ton, 
eggs  twenty-one  cents  per  dozen,  rye 
Hour  three  i  cuts  per  pound,  wheat 
flour  five  cents  per  pound,  sugar  eijfht 
cents  per  pound,  butter  twenty-five 
cents  per  pound,  beef  nineteen  cents 
per  pound,  veal  and  mutton  sixteen  to 
twenty  cents  per  pound,  fresh  pork- 
twenty  cents  per  pound,  and  smoked 
pork  twenty-three  cents  per  pound. 


Wooii-i  it. r  pipes,  now  coming  into 
vogue  for  special  uses,  are  manu- 
factured by  a  very  simple  process. 
The  pulp,  says  the  Scientific  American, 
is  agitated  with  water  and  rolled  upon 
a  tube,  and,  after  being  thus  wound  to 
a  sufficient  thickness  around  the  tube, 
and  the  extra  amount  of  water  drained 
away,  it  is  placed  on  end  and  the  in- 
terior mold  is  withdrawn,  leaving  the 
wood-pulp  tube,  which  is  held  on  suit- 
able supports  and  dried  until  the  water 
is  evaporated.  The  further  process 
consists  in  dipping  it  into  a  very  hot 
solution  of  asphaltum  and  other  ma- 
terials, which  penetrate  the  whole  sub- 
stance; the  ends  are  then  squared  up 
and  the  threads  cut,  or  taper  finish  is 
made  in  the  usual  manner  of  wrought- 
iron  pipe.  This  material,  when  finished, 
possesses  high  electrical  resistance, 
rendering  it  suitable  for  underground 
conduits  for  electrical  wires,  and,  as  a 
non-conductor,  it  is  free  from  being  im- 
paired by  electrolytic  action  from  earth 
return  currents,  which  have  become 
such  a  serious  factor  in  impairing  the 
water  and  gas  pipes  in  cities  where  the 
street  tram  cars  are  propelled  by 
electric  motors  using  earth  return  cur- 
rents; its  resistance  to  acids  and 
alkalies  fits  it  for  use  in  chemical 
works,  and  as  a  non-absorbent  of  water 
it  is  free  from  any  difficulties  due  to 
expansion  and  contraction.  The  burst- 
ing strength  of  the  tube  is  said  to  be 
from  150  to  250  pounds  per  square  inch, 
according  to  the  size. 


In  speaking  of  the  tendency  of  boiler- 
plates to  crack,  Th<-  Locomotive  states 
that  cracks  frequently  start  from  the 
edge  of  the  plate  opposite  a  rivet  hole, 
in  the  girth  joint  that  comes  over  the 
ffr.e.  Such  cracks  are  often  due  to  dis- 
tress at  the  joint  arising  from  an  im- 
proper arrangement  of  the  feed-pipe, 
for  if  the  comparatively  cold  feed- 
water  is  discharged  on  or  near  the 
(ire-sheet  it  chills  the  shell  in  that 
vicinity,  aud  produces  a  powerful  local 
contraction  of  the  metal,  which  is  quite 
sufficient  to  start  the  joints,  or,  under 
some  circumstances,  to  even  crack  the 
solid  plate.  But  whatever  the  cause 
of  the  cracks,  they  are  likely  to  first 
appear  at  the  edge  of  one  of  the  fire- 
sheets  and  to  extend  gradually  inward. 
Often  they  are  stopped  by  running 
into  the  rivet  hole  and  do  not  extend 
farther.  Frequently,  however,  they  run 
past  the  rivet  hole  or  cross  it  and  ex- 
tend into  the  sheet  on  the  farther  side 
of  it.  It  then  becomes  very  important 
to  check  their  further  progress.  This 
may  often  be  done  by  drilling  a  small 
hole  through  the  sheet  at  the  very  ex- 


tremity of  the  crack.  This  hole  may 
afterward  be  tilled  with  a  rivet,  or  it 
may  be  tapped  and  tilled  with  a  screw 
plug.  

To  Clean  flachinery. 


Professional  Cards. 


A  method  of  removing  sticky  de- 
posits ill  grease  and  dirt  from  parts  of 
machinery  by  means  of  soda  lye  is  quite 
extensively  employed  in  England.  To 
1000  parte  by  weight  of  water  are 
taken  about  10  or  15  parts  caustic  soda 
and  100  parts  ordinary  soda.  This 
mixture  is  boiled  and  the  parts  of  the 
machinery  to  be  cleaned  are  placed  in 
it,  when  all  grease,  oil  and  dirt  are 
quickly  loosened.  It  is  then  necessary 
to  wash  the  metal  and  dry  it  well. 
The  action  of  the  lye  is  to  form  with 
i  lease  soaps  soluble  in  water.  To 
|jie\cnt  the  lubricating  oil,  etc..  hard- 
ening upon  the  parts  of  the  machinery 
when  in  use,  it  is  necessary  to  add  a 
third  part  of  kerosene,  and  it  is  well, 
also,  to  oil  with  kerosene  from  time  to 
time. 


Surpassing     Edison     and     Tesla. 


W.  W.  Felts  of  2228  O  street,  Sacra- 
mento, has  a  proposition  in  electric 
lighting  that  is  comprehensive.  He 
claims  to  have  succeeded  in  developing 
a  continuous  electric  light  from  a 
primary  battery  and  that  his  battery 
is  a  perfect,  electrolite  and  polarizer 
combined.  He  invites  persons  inter- 
ested to  inspect  his  thirty-two  candle 
power  incandescent  lights  at  his  resi- 
dence. But  he  refuses  to  allow  any- 
body to  inspect  his  battery,  which  is  in 
a  sealed  box. 


Electricity  is  Dutiable. 


Comptroller  of  Canadian  Customs 
Wallace  has  decided  that  electricity 
comes  under  the  head  of  unenumerated 
articles,  and  consequently  bears  a 
duty  of  twenty  per  cent.  The  question 
arose  over  a  proposition  to  transmit 
power  from  the  American  side  of 
Niagara  falls  to  surrounding  Canadian 
cities. — Review. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 

feu 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

IA//V1.  H.  BIRCH  <fe  GO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
3ary   Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin- 
ery, Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 
Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 
11^    Heale    St.,    San    Eranolsco. 


*  *  PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 
Dredgers, 


Shovels. 


Complete  "  Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating, 
Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer 
ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of 
water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outfits  include  '*-  Lancaster"  1805  Land  or  River 
Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction. 
Success  "guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required. 

Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 
machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

39CORTLANDT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


{ School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  j 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 

}  Surveying,  Architecture)  Drawing  and  Assaying. 

733  Market  St.,  Sun  Francisco,  «';ii. 

OPEN   ALL   YEAR. 

A.  VAN  DEU  NAILLEN,  President. 
)  Assaying  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorlnatlon 
Assay.  $25;  Blowpipe  Ass.iv.Sltl.    Pull  Course 
of  Assaying,  850.    Established  18G4. 
83?"  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor,    i 

Examination,  Surveys,  and  Reports  upon 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes-  , 
.  tic    use,    irrigation,     and    the     production    of  ( 
(  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and  ( 
(  plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superln- 
c  tended.    Correspondence  solicited. 
<  Res.— 923  Liudeu  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


ED1A//ARD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 

Testa  and  Estimates  for  the  Improvement  of  ) 
)  Pumping,  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants.  i 

(  Will  supervise  the  Construction,  Shipment  \ 
i  or  Erection  of  Machinery.  Will  make  Draw-  , 
»  ings.  Estimates  or  Specifications.  < 

;  Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de-  , 
[  scrlption.    Twenty  year's  experience. 

133  California  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist  and  Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 
Will  examine    Mines.  Ore    Bodies,    Mineral 

>  Belts  or  Zones,  and  make  written  Mlneralist 

>  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 
)  plication  for  services.  I  make  my  own  assays 
|  and  select  iny  own  samples  when  examlng 
.  mines.  Eighteen  years'  experience.  Analysis 
k  of  water  and  soils. 


ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
J  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
'  ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the 
'  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest 
in  Developed  Mines. 
Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED 
i  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent 
i  instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
,  practical  scale. 


'•  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

1  Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  I860. 

ORES     WORKED     BY     ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

i  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 

■  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

■  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 

for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores, 
t  SPECIAL    ATTENTION    paid    to  examina- 
tions   of    mines;    plans    and    reports   fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &■  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Kngineers  and  Metallurgists. 


Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and 

Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 

Coal,  Iron,   Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 

,  IN    ANY    PART    OF    THE    WORLD.     Any 

,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 

relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 

,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 

,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1141  R.  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


iiSJSr}  WELL  MACHINERY^ 

All  kinds  of  tools.  Fori  line  for  the  driller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  process; can  lakeacore.  Perfected  Econon> 
leal  Artesian  Pumping  Hies  to  work  by  Steam,  Air,  et.-. 
Letuflhelpvou.  THE  AMERICAN  WELL  WOBKh, 
4Bror»,  Ills    Cblcavo,  Tll.i    Dallai,  Tax.    _ 


Founded  by  h  /;>■■. 

IIKXKY     QAKEY     ItAIKD    &     CO., 

Industrial    Publishers,     Booksellers     and 

impostbb6, 

8io  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  V.  s.  A. 

**"Our  New  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientific  Books,  88  Pages,  Svo.,  and  our  other 

Catalogues  and  Circulars,  toev  bole  covering  every 
branch  ol  Sofenoe  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  fn  sand 
rroe  ol  postage  to  any  one  in  any  pari  ol  the  world 
who  win  furolKh  his  address. 

THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY.  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

T«.OC   MAriK. 


'-■'ARTHUR    rORBEST  PftOtttO 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  -  £110,00(1  STERLING 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MACARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so 
lution  of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  In  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney ;  John 
P.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office;  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street.  Hew  York. 


jIEsSIl 

CYANIDE 

t  potass  iun, 

agkcHEMISTSfl| 
Trade  Mark. 

*Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
aPeroxide  of  Sodium, 
f  Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes. 

-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


Pioneer  Screen  VWorks! 
JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Workl  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals,  Steel,  RusBia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  BrasB  Screens 

for  All  Dees. 

♦** MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

331  and  333  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holeB. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
p  Homogeneous  Steel.CaBt  ( 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


HENDRIE& 
BOLTHOFf 
MFfcXO. 
DENVER 


MINING, 
MILLING 


SUPPLIES 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<O» 

— Manufacturers  of— 
STEAil   ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 
♦    ♦    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IN  <&.  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


Back  Files  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  (unbound)  can  be  had  for  S3  per  volume  of 
sis  months.  Per  year  (two  volumes),  $5.  Inserted 
in  Dewey's  patent  binder,  50  cents  additional  per 
volume. 


202 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  30,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following'  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mineB 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 


Suspended. — Republican:  The  gravel  claim 
at  Pine  Grove,  commonly  known  as  the 
Wheeler  mine,  has  suspended.  They  finished 
the  first  clean-up,  which  it  is  reported  was 
sufficient  to  pay  the  expenses  involved  in  put- 
ting the  property  on  a  good  working  basis, 
also  the  running  expenses.  Another  payment 
nn  the  bond  became  due  this  month,  and  they 
concluded  to  quit.  They  paid  $500  on  the  bond 
at  the  outset,  so  that  sum  represents  their 
loss.  The  property  was  worked  in  a  crude 
fashion,  and  it  is  thought  that  if  it  paid  ex- 
penses under  such  conditions,  there  is  little 
above  that  with  proper  management  it  would 
pay  a  handsome  profit. 

Sold  to  Chicago  Men. —The  Bell  "Wether 
claim,  a  continuation  of  the  Zeila  ledge,  has 
been  sold  to  Messrs.  Underwood  and  Snediker, 
of  Chicago. 

The  Anita  Mine.— A  new  Dow  pump  has 
been  put  in,  which  controls  the  flow  of  water. 
The  miners  have  all  returned  to  work— three 
shifts  of  eight  hours  each. 


Magalia. —  Mercury-  The  most  active  work 
at  present  being  done  is  at  the  Lucky  Johu 
mine  by  Gorrel  &  Ballard  of  San  Francisco. 
This  is  the  mine  that  was  owned  by  J.  D. 
Williams  and  N.  A.  Harris.  They  are  run- 
ning for  the  channel  by  tunnel,  and  are  now 
in  1200  feet,  and  gravel  has  been  struck. 
Prom  fifteen  to  twenty  men  are  employed. 

At  the  Aurora  an  incline  is  being  put  down 
which  has  reached  a  depth  of  Kin  feet,  and  it 
is  estimated  that  it  will  have  to  be  put  down 
nearly  as  much  farther  before  the  channel  is 
reached. 

At  the  Pershbaker  an  immense  power  plant 
is  being  put  in  sufficiently  large  to  handle  the 
water,  together  with  air  compressors.  Parry 
&  Merry,  who  have  been  working  for  six  or 
seven  years  ou  a  search  for  the  main  channel 
which  underlies  that  country  for  a  distance  of 
thirty  miles  or  more,  are  now  to  a  depth  of  700 
feet,  and  they  believe  that  success  is  about  to 
crown  their  efforts. 

Calaveras. 

The  Bacdman  Mine. — The  old  Bachman 
mine  at  Fourth  Crossing,  idle  for  fifteen 
years,  has  been  bonded  by  Ford  Bros.,  who 
will  put  on  a  force  of  men  developing. 

The  Idea  Reversed.  —  Citizen:  Recent 
transactions  at  Murphys  go  to  show  that  in- 
stead of  the  mine  holder  wanting  a  thousand 
dollars  for  a  hundred  dollar  mine,  it  is  capital 
that  wants  a  thousand  dollar  mine  for  one 
hundred  dollars. 

To  Be  Extended. — Louis  Pahl  has  taken  a 
contract  from  the  Buckhorn  Mining  Company, 
of  Napa,  Cal.,  to  extend  the  tunnel  in  the 
Buckhorn  mine. 

Bought  a  Half  Interest. — C.  A.  and  E.  C. 
Rudorff  have  bought  a  half  interest  in  the  Old 
Stiff  gravel  claim  on  Balaklava  Hill,  near  Val- 
licita. 

til  Dorado. 

Quartz  Claim  Located. — Democrat :  Ed 
Stafford  and  Jas.  H.  Blakeley  have  located  a 
quartz  claim  near  Grizzly  Flat.  Fifty  tons  of 
ore  from  this  claim  have  been  worked  in  a 
stamp  mill  and  paid  $4  per  ton  in  free  gold. 

Inyo. 

Assessment — Whhk  Resumed. — An  assess- 
ment of  ten  cents  per  share  has  been  levied 
by  the  Owens  River  and  Big  Pine  Canal  Com- 
pany, delinquent  April  6th. 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  several  mining 
claims  at  Cerro  Gordo. 

Mariposa. 

Tu  e  H eaton  Mine. — There  are  now  fourteen 
men  employed  at  the  Heatnn  mine. 

Nevada. 

The  Bullion  and  Ione.—  The  Bullion  and 
lone  mines  are  to  be  worked  again.  Mr.  Geo. 
Maiuhart  will  be  the  superintendent. 

Tele  Spanish  Mine.— Thirty  men  are  now 
employed  at  the  Spanish  mine.  The  new  ten- 
stamp  mill  is  crushing  ore  from  the  shaft.  No 
stoping  is  yet  being  done.  Mr.  A.  L.  Begbie 
is  superintendent. 

Working  Placer  Ground. — Tiding*;  M. 
Bates  and  E.  Eagye  are  erecting  a  derrick 
and  making  other  preparations  for  working 
that  portion  of  Gold  Run  creek  from  Byrne's 
planing  mill  to  Deer  creek. 

Belle  of  France.— Tidings:  The  lower 
tunnel  at  this  mine  has  been  reopened  and  re- 
timbered  for  a  distance  of  3H0  feet.  It  was 
expensive  and  dangerous  work.  The  ore 
chute  was  struck  a  distance  of  405  feet  from 
the  mouth  of  the  tunnel  and  200  feet  vertical 
from  the  surface.  The  vein  is  '20  feet  wide, 
and  is  well  mineralized.  It  is  enclosed  by 
greenstone  and  slate  walls.  A  mill  test  shows 
results  ranging  about  $4.50  per  ton  in  free- 
gold,  which,  with  the  sulphurets,  will  run  the 
value  up  to  $10  per  ton.  Tunnel  No.  1,  being 
700  feet  south  of  the  point  where  the  vein  was 
encountered  in  development  work  done  in 
tunnel  No.  2,  shows  the  ore  body  to  be  large 
and  extensive.  The  Belle  of  France  gives 
promise  of  being  a  valuable  property. 

The  Boss  Mine.— W.  L.  Morris  of  the  Boss 
mine  denies  the  report  that  the  mine  is  about 
to  be  sold,  but  says  the  company  is  going 
ahead  and  putting  up  better  work's  and  pre- 
paring to  work  the  mine  in  a  thorough  and 
systematic  manner. 

New  Stamp  Mill.— A  new  stamp  mill  has 
been  ordered  for  the  Daisy  Hill  mine,  Grass 
Valley,  to  crush  the   quartz  and   pay  ore,  to- 


gether with  the  ore  on  the  old  dumps  which, 
it  is  thought,  will  give  good  returns. 

Assessments.— The  Live  Oak  Consolidated 
Mining  Company  has  levied  an  assessment  of 
ten  cents  per  share,  delinquent  April  8th. 

The  Grizzly  Ridge  Mining  Company  has 
levied  an  assessment  of  three-fourths  of  a 
cent  per  share,  delinquent  May  10th. 

The  Odin  Gold  and  Silver  Mining  Company 
has  levied  an  assessment  of  four  cents  per 
share,  delinquent  April  20th. 


i      Rich  Channel  at  McRea Ridge.  — NalionaV- 
1  Bulletin:    A  strike  has  been  made  at  McRea 
1  Ridge  by  the  syndicate  which  has  the  Frank- 
.  lin  and  Beck  with  Consolidated  gravel  mines 
\  bonded.     During  the  past  summer  and  winter 
:  the  company  has  had  a  force  of  men   at  work 
running  a  tunnel  to  open  up  an  ancient  river 
channel  known   to  exist  in   the  ridge.     The 
miners,  in  driving  this  tunnel  into  the  moun- 
tain,  tut  into   the  channel  aud  found  a  pay 
streak  twenty-five  feet  wide,  the  gravel  from 
it  yielding  from  $20  to  $200  to  the  carload. 

These  properties  are  five  miles  southwest  of 
.lohusville,  in  both  Plumas  and  Sierra  coun- 
ties, in  a  section  which  produces  very  coarse 
gold.  A  few  years  ago  the  owners  of  one  of 
the  mines  worked  a  break  from,  the  channel 
by  the  hydraulic  process.  Although  operating 
in  a  small  way  only,  in  about  three  years  $50,- 
000  was  realized,  most  of  it  very  heavy  gold. 
One  nugget  weighed  about  $3400,  and  it  was 
no  uncommon  thing  to  secure  pieces  valued  at 
from  $100  to  $1000. 

However,  what  at  that  time  was  thought 
to  be  a  regular  gravel  channel  was  soon  ex- 
hausted, and  it  became  evident  that  the  de- 
posit had  been  pushed  out  of  or  had  broken 
from  an  ancient  channel  in  McRea  Ridge. 
About  a  year  and  a  half  ago  Mr.  Doolittle,  of 
Dutch  Flat,  visited  the  mine.  Appreciating 
the  favorable  opportunity  for  opening  up  a 
rich  drift  mine  of  great  extent  in  McRea 
Ridge,  he  interested  with  himself  A.  N. 
Towne  aud  several  other  magnates,  secured 
bonds  on  a  few  locations  owned  respectively 
by  the  Franklin  and  Beckwith  Consolidated 
companies  (the  puivhase  price  agreed  upon  be- 
ing $150,0001  and  last  summer  began  running  a 
tunnel,  not,  however,  employing  a  large  force 
nor  prosecuting  the  work  very  energetically. 
If  the  rich  strike  proves  what  it  is  reported  to 
be,  the  syndicate  will  have  one  of  the  best 
gravel  mines  in  this  part  of  California,  aud  no 
doubt  will  operate  it  accordingly.  The  new 
railroad  completed  to  Mohawk,  and  a  big  and 
prosperous  mining  camp  at  McRea  Ridge, 
would  make  things  boom  in  that  part  of  the 
county. 

Riverside. 

Gold  Going  to  Waste. — Reflex:  The  Briggs 
mine,  near  Winchester,  yielded  8%  pounds  of 
gold  from  a  nine-days'  run.  The  machinery 
in  use  is  crude  and  much  gold  goes   to  waste. 

Sierra. 

A  Chapter  of  Accidents. — One  of  the 
boxes  of  the  dynamo  in  the  hoisting  works  at 
the  Empire  mine,  in  Gold  Valley,  was  burned 
out  last  Friday.  On  Saturday  five  wires  of 
the  armature  were  burned  out,  rendering  the 
machine  useless  until  repairs  are  made.  The 
same  day  the  front  part  of  the  furnace  at  the 
chlorination  works,  for  a  distance  of  12  feet, 
caved  in,  caused,  it  is  supposed,  from  poor 
brick.  It  will  take  two  or  three  weeks  to 
make  the  repairs,  and  in  the  meantime  the 
mine  will  be  closed  down. 

Trinity. 

Canyon  Creek.— Ralston  &  Spencer,  on 
Fisher  gulch,  have  cleaned  out  the  tunnel  on 
the  Fisher  gulch  mine  and  are  driving  ahead. 

About  three- quarters  of  a  mile  from  the 
Fisher  gulch  mine  G.  L.  Bailey  is  running  a 
tunnel  to  tap  the  ledge."  The  rock  goes  $20  to 
$25  a  ton. 

The  lessees  of  the  Chloride  mine  have  re- 
sumed work  for  the  summer.  The  mill  which 
was  crushed  by  the  snow  last  winter  was  but 
little  damaged. 

NEVADA. 

Work  at  Austin.— Elko  Independent:  The 
Austin  Mining  Company  has  a  large  supply  of 
concentrating  ore  on  hand,  and  E.  Mr.  Brow- 
nell  will  start  the  concentrator  about  the 
first  of  April.  The  company  paid  off  on  the 
15th,  their  being  between  fifty  and  sixty 
employes  on  the  payroll,  and  the  concentrator 
will  increase  the  number  by  fifteen  or  twenty. 

The  Comstock  Mines. — At  the  Consolidated 
California  &  Virginia  there  has  been  a  con- 
siderable falling  off  in  both  the  quantity  and 
quality  of  the  ore  produced,  but  it  is  to  be 
hoped  that  this  is  only  temporary.  The  yield 
the  past  week  was  fifty-two  tons  of  the  aver- 
age value  of  $46.02  a  ton.  However,  ore  is 
still  being  obtained  in  a  number  of  places,  and 
in  one  place  on  the  1650  level  is  a  streak  six 
feet  in  width  that  averages  $00  a  ton. 

The  Savage  is  yielding  about  130  carloads  of 
ore  a  week,  the  average  assay  of  which  is  $28 
a  ton.  Last  week  the  company  sent  to  the 
Carson  Mint  bullion  to  the  value  of  $10,399. 

Since  repairing  damages  due  to  the  late 
smash-up  of  machinery,  the  Crown  Point  Com- 
pany have  sent  twenty-eight  railroad  carloads 
of  ore  to  the  Mexican  mill,  Carson  river.  This 
ore  is  gold-bearing  quartz. 

The  Belcher,  Hale  &  Norcross,  Ophir,  Jus- 
tice, Chollar  and  Occidental  are  all  yielding 
small  amounts  of  good  ore.  At  the  Occidental 
ore  is  now  being  obtained  on  the  500  level  that 
averages  $40  a  ton. 

Sierra  Nevada.— Have  started  an  east 
crosscut  from  the  southwest  drift,  started  at 
a  point  540  feet  from  the  mouth  of  the  Layton 
tunnel;  advanced  30  feet  during  the  week; 
face  in  porphyry,  clay  and  quartz. 

Bullion.— The  west  drift  from  the  820  level 
has  been  advanced  during  the  week  14  feet; 
total  length,  1433  feet ;  face  in  soft  porphyry 
with  a  srrong  flow  of  water. 

Alpha.— The  east  crosscut  from  the  north 
lateral  drift,  145  feet  north  of  the  main  west 
drift,  has  been  extended  12  feet;  total  length, 


24  feet;  face  in  porphyry  and  quartz,  from 
which  there  is  a  strong  flow  of  water. 

Union  Shaft.— The  joint  west  crosscut 
from  the  south  lateral  drift  near  the  south 
line  of  the  mine,  1520  feet  west  of  the  shaft, 
000  level,  has  been  advanced  15  feet  during 
the  week;  total  length,  000  feet;  face  in  a 
formation  of  clay,  quartz  and  porphyry. 

The  joint  east  crosscut  No.  3,  from  north 
lateral  drift,  (500  feet  north  of  west  drift,  1520 
feet  west  of  shaft,  500  level,  has  been  ad- 
vanced 20  feet:  total  length,  220  feet;  face  in 
porphyry  and  clay,  with  small  flow  of  water 
from  it. 

Alta. — During  the  past  week  the  north 
drift,  010  level,  was  advanced  IS  feet;  total 
length,  10S  feet;  quartz  and  porphyry  in  the 
face.  Are  easing  above  the  835  level  in  a 
streak  of  good  ore  IS  inches  thick,  the  average 
assay  value  of  which  is  about  ^40  per  ton. 

The  official  letter  from  the  Occidental  Con. 
mine  states  that  the  north  drift  from  the 
west  crosscut  on  the  500  level  is  now  in  47 
feet,  and  continues  in  ore  averaging  $41  per 
ton. 

The  official  letter  'rom  the  West  Consol- 
idated Virginia  ife  California  mine  says  that 
the  west  crosscut  run  from  a  point  330  feet 
north  of  the  1100-level  station  has  beeu  ex- 
tended 13  feet,  and  is  now  in  a  total  distance 
of  1474  feet ;  the  face  is  in  hard  porphyry, 
carrying  seams  of  quartz.  The  flow  of  hot 
water  and  temperature  are  the  same  as  when 
last  reported. 

Two  Assessments. — The  North  Truckee 
Drain  Ditch  Company  of  Reno  has  levied  an 
assessment  of  $3  per  share,  delinquent  April 
19th.  The  Union  Ditch  Company  of  Reno  has 
levied  an  assessment  of  35  cents  per  share, 
delinquent  April  18th. 

ALASKA. 

Goino  to  the  Yukon. — The  spriug  emigra- 
tion to  the  Yukon  gold  fieldshas  begun.  On  the 
10th  inst.,  nearly  200  Yukon  miners  had  reach- 
ed Dyea,  300  miles  beyond  Juneau,  and  the 
prospectors  were  hauling  their  sleds  upon 
slush  ice  up  the  great  Dyea  canyon  toward 
the  Yukon.  More  dogs  have  been  taken  out 
from  Juneau  than  ever  before  and  the  last 
steamer  took  up  twenty-two  from  Puget 
Sound.  They  haul  the  prospectors'  outfits 
over  the  ice  and  snow,  greatly  lightening  the 
labor  of  the  trip.  William  Liggett,  who  has 
beeu  mining  on  the  Yukon  for  six  years,  has 
returned  to  Juneau  with  glowing  accounts  of 
the  rich  finds  made  last  season  on  Forty  Mile, 
Sixty  Mile  and  Miller  creeks.  Last  season 
several  dozen  miners  took  gold  worth  $150,000 
out  of  Miller  Creek.  So  far  the  Discovery 
claim  and  seven  others  adjoining  it  on  Miller 
Creek  have  yielded  the  greatest  returns  in 
gold  nuggets,  exceeding  the  yield  of  any  other 
claims  in  the  Yukon  Valley.  There  was 
twelve  feet  of  surface  dirt  upon  the  Discovery 
claim,  which  had  to  be  sluiced  off  before  pay 
dirt  was  struck  on  bedrock.  The  sliucing  has 
to  be  done  quickly,  as  the  Yukon  season  lasts 
only  sixty  to  ninety  days. 

ARIZONA. 

The  Nortuekn  Plackks.  —  Yuma  Ti/ncx: 
Porter  Laird  is  making  big  wages  by  dry 
washing,  near  Ehrenberg. 

The  Martinez  company,  east  of  Ehrenberg, 
are  also  doing  well  on  their  ground. 

Frost  and  his  partner  are  located  five  miles 
east  of  Tyson's,  and  they  have  a  shaft  twenty 
feet  deep.     Every  shovelful  is  rich. 

The  Gray  cement  crusher,  northeast  of 
Ehrenberg,  works  satisfactorily  and  pros- 
pecting for  more  material  is  now   being  done. 

A  steam  arrastra  is  located  a  mile  north  of 
Tyson's,  and  is  doing  custom  work  on  rich 
quartz. 

Ploraosa  district  is  full  of  dry  washers,  and 
everybody  seems  to  be  making  wages. 

At  Rocky  Pass. — A  stamp  mill  is  to  be  built 
at  the  Rocky  Pass  mine,  Cherry  creek  dis- 
trict, owned  by  Geo.  Sines  and~  T.  H.  B. 
Smith.  This  mine  is  a  shipping  property, 
the  ore  averaging  $40  to  $00  gold  per  ton. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

New  Denver  District. — Miner:  At  the  No. 
1  fifteen  tous  a  day  are  being  put  through  the 
concentrator  at  Ainsworth,  which  is  running 
day  and  night.  The  mine  and  the  concentra- 
tor are  employing  about  thirty  men,  most  of 
whom  are  steady,  hard-working  Nova  Sco- 
tians.  Since  January  1st  200  tons  of  ore  have 
been  shipped  from  this  mine  to  the  smelter  at 
Pilot  bay. 

The  Little  Phil  and  the  Black  Diamond 
claims  are  making  a  good  show.  Seven  men 
are  working  on  the  joint  properties,  which 
have  sent  out  255  tons  to  the  smelter  at  Great 
Palls,  Mont.,  since  the  beginning  of  the  year. 
The  smelter  gave  the  high  return  of  700 
ounces  to  the  ton  for  some  picked  ore. 

Work  has  been  commenced  on  the  Rand  and 
on  the  Indicator,  a  northwest  extension  of  the 
No.  1.  In  June  the  "Mile  Point"  will  he  up 
again.  Ore  from  this  latter  property  has  as- 
sayed as  high  as  400  ounces  to  the  ton,  with 
ten  per  cent  of  lead. 

Thirty-five  men  are  at  work  on  the  Blue 
Bell,  across  the  lake,  under  H.  Stevenson, 
and  they  are  sending  dowu  150  tons  a  day  to 
the  smelter  at  Pilot  bay. 

A  Step  Upwards.— The  starting  of  the 
smelter  at  Pilot  Bay  marks  an  era  in  the  his- 
tory of  the  Kootenay  mining  district.  The 
district  generally  is  one  of  the  roughest  in 
North  America,  aud  until  railways  were  con- 
structed and  steamboats  took  advantage  of  its 
magnificent  waterways  it  was  practically  in- 
accessible. Three  railways  now  tap  it — the  C. 
P.  R.  to  the  north,  the  Great  Northern  and  the 
Nelson  and  Spokane  line  to  the  south.  For 
years  the  project  hung  fire.  To-day  its  fur- 
nace is  producing  ingots  of  silver-lead. 

COLORADO. 
CKIPPLE    CREEK, 

A  Large  Operator.— Besides  the  great  In- 
dependence mine,  Mr.  Stratton  is  now  work- 
ing the  Portland  No.  2,  the  Logan,  the  Eagles 


and  the  Yankee  Girl,  and  the  Caledonia  is 
being  worked  under  lease.  He  is  buying  new 
properties  wheuever  he  finds  an  investment 
to  his  liking,  and  has  been  about  the  only 
heavy  cash  investor  in  the  Cripple  Creek  dis- 
trict for  a  year  past. 

Control  of  the  Victor,—  Republican:  lie- 
port  has  it  that  the  Victor  mine  at  Cripple 
Creek  is  wanted  by  a  French  syndicate  and 
that  G.  P.  Walsh  has  just  completed  his  exam- 
ination on  which  the  decision  of  the  foreign 
investors  will  be  based.  The  Frenchmen 
bought  45,000  shares  of  the  stock  at  $3.50 
and  have  had  dividends  which  satisfy  them 
that  Victor  stock  at  par  is  better  than  South 
African  investments,  with  which  they  are 
more  familiar,  so  they  are  now  dealing  for  a 
control  of  the  company,  and  it  is  claimed  have 
an  understanding  with  D.  H.  Moffat  and  Eben 
Smith  for  the  purchase  of  their  holdings  at 
about  $5,  and  that  only  the  report  of  the  ex- 
pert is  needed  to  complete  the  sale.  The  Vic- 
tor is  incorporated  for  $1,000,000,  with  shares 
$5  each. 

There  is  now  a  perfect  furore  for  South 
African  gold  stocks  in  Paris,  and  the  sale  of 
the  Victor  is  likely  to  open  the  way  for  many 
oilier  investiments  of  French  capital  in  the 
Cripple  Creek  district.  Professor  Walsh  has 
examined  the  Bueua  Vista  mine  and  it  may  be 
taken  up  by  the  same  parties. 

Pike's  Peak  Mine.— Cripple  Creek  Times: 
The  last  two  carloads  of  ore  from  the  Osborne 
lease  on  the  Pike's  Peak  mine,  returned  $13, 132 
aud  a  sack  of  twenty-nine  pouuds  gave  returns 
of  §305. 

telluride. 

Renewal  of  Work. — Republican:  Arrange- 
ments have  been  made  for  the  renewal  of 
active  work  on  the  Keystone  placers  and  that 
with  the  opening  of  the  season  the  big  hy- 
draulic giant  will  again  be  started  to  washing 
down  its  rich  banks  of  auriferous  gravel.  The 
presence  of  gold  in  those  banks  to  as  high  a 
value  as  $2.50  per  yard  has  been  demonstrated 
in  the  past. 

RICO" 

Rico's  Shipments.—  News:  The  following  is 
the  number  of  carloads  of  ore  shipped  from 
the  various  mines  of  Rico  since  January  1, 
1895:  Blackhawk,  71:  Rico-Aspen,  82 ;  Enter- 
prise, 48;  Princeton,  23;  Swansea,  1;  Munn 
Bros,  (sampler),  3;  Sheridan,  24:  Pigeon,  4; 
Iron  Clad,  1;  South  Park,  2;  Iron  Mine,  1; 
total,  260. 

IDAHO. 

At  Chlorihe  Camp.— The  Webber  Mining 
and  Milling  Company's  plant  started  upaboul 
a  week  ago  with  fifteen  men,  since  which 
time  they  have  been  turning  out  twenty-five 
tons  per  day.  Shipping  has  already  com- 
menced. The  ore  is  free  milling,  and,  while 
not  extra  rich,  is  easily  handled,  and  there  is 
enough  in  sight  to  run  the  mill  a  year. 

General  Activity.— An  unusual  amount  of 
mining  activity  is  going  on  in  the  Gibbons- 
ville  aud  Shoup  districts.  The  building  of  a 
forty-stamp  mill  by  the  American  Develop- 
ment and  Mining  Company  and  other  devel- 
opments of  the  Barclay  property  will  give  this 
part  of  Idaho  a  substantial  and   lasting   boom. 

News  from  the  Willow  creek  mining  district 
is  encouraging.  Prout  &  Richardson  have  a 
stamp  mill  nearly  ready  for  operation,  and 
much  development  work  will  be  done  there 
this  season.  Posten  &  Critzer.  of  Caldwell,- 
are  running  a  sixty-foot  tunnel  on  the  Hoosier 
ledge  and  report  excellent  indications. 

MONTANA. 

Ashestos.— A  large  deposit  of  asbestos  was 
recently  discovered  twelve  miles  northwest 
of  Dillon,  Mont.,  and  can  be  traced  for  a  dis- 
tance of  2500  feet. 

OR  KG  ON. 

IiAKER. 

A  gold  nugget  weighing  a  fraction  over  $00 
was  picked  up  in  the  gulch  below  the  Virtue 
mine,  one  day  recently,  by  Mr.  Casebeer,  who 
intends  placer  mining  on  this  claim  in  a  few 
days. 

Struck  a  Pocket. — Oregonian :  Frederick 
Holton  came  here  from  Baker  county  this 
morning,  carrying  with  him  a  valise  filled 
with  gold  nuggets,  the  weight  of  which  made 
him  stagger.  Some  of  the  nuggets  weigh 
$3000,  and  the  whole  treasure  was  dug  out  of 
a  pocket  by  himself  and  his  partner,  Henry 
Sanderson,  within  the  past  four  days.  Holton 
and  Sanderson  had  beeu  prospecting  in  the 
hills  of  Baker  county  almost  a  year  without 
making  "  grub  "  money,  and  a  week  ago  they 
were  about  abandoning  the  field  and  return- 
ing to  California.  On  Tuesday  last  they  saw 
some  float  rock  close  to  their  temporary  camp, 
and  following  it  up  they  struck  a  pocket,  from 
which,  Holton  says,  they  have  already  taken 
$40,000.  He  believes  that  there  is  $500,000  or 
more  of  gold  in  that  depository,  which  can  he  - 
taken  out  with  no  cost  beyond  their  personal 
labor.  [The  above  sounds  well,  but  needs 
verification. — Er>.] 

nOHEMIA   DISTRICT, 

To  be  Sold. — The  Annie  Consolidated  Min- 
ing Company's  property  in  the  Bohemia  dis- 
trict is  advertised  in  the  Roseburg  papers  to 
be  sold  at  sheriff's  sale  on  Thursday,  April  4, 
1895,  on  a  judgment  in  favor  of  James  Pitcher, 
for  $614  30,  and  $61  25  costs  and  disbursements. 
UTAH. 

Transfer  of  the  Caroline.  —  Tribune:  The 
formal  transfer  of  the  Caroline  mine  to  the 
Bullion-Beck  Company  was  effected  yester- 
day at  a  straight-away  price  of  $130,000.  That 
amount  was  $15,000  less  than  the  price  quoted 
when  Mr.  Badlam  so  vigorously  protested 
against  the  purchase. 

Mr.  Badlam  came  all  the  way  from  San 
Francisco  to  protest  against  the  proposed  pur- 
chase of  the  Caroline  by  the  Bullion- 
Beck  Company,  claiming  that  the  latter 
already  owned  all  that  was  valuable  of  the 
Caroline.  Mr.  Badlam  also  served  a  written 
notice  upon  each  of  the  directors  of  the 
Bullion-Beck  Company,  in  which  he  stated 
that  he  would  huld.   them  personally   respon- 


March  30,   1805. 


Mining  and  Scientific  PRESb. 


208 


sible  if  thev  concurred  in  the   purchase  and 
permitted  it  to  go  through. 
As  previously  stab  oline  Isto  be 

under    the    active    management   of   Captain 

Hunk  Smith. 

The   Caroline   is    showing   up   splendidly, 

although  it  has  only  been    worked  in 
paratively    small     way    recently,    and    hip 
changes    are    expected     in     the     immediate 
future. 

Tin:  Silver   Kin-..    Speaking  of  the   new 

find  in  the  Silver  Kintr  mine,    the    Park  City 

/;.  ■  .. .'  Bays  ' hal  ne ■■•■.  on  are  unoov 

■  rapidly,   and  show  up  so  strong  and 

rich,  that  even  the  oldesl   men  underground 

d  and  wonder  If  the 
will  nevn-  come.  Since  t  he  power  drills  have 
been  in  use,  a  number  of  prospecting  drifts 
have  been  run  in  all  directions  and  ore  found 
everywhere,  but  the  cap  sheaf  was  placed  on 
the  shock  yesterday,  when  the  shaft,  which 
is  be  in  ft  sunk  to  the  1100  level,  dropped  Into  a 
.  of  rich  ore. 

\\  kSHINGTON. 

Slate  Creeh  District.-  The  steamer  City 
of  Ellensburg  is  chartered  by  Messrs.  Clark 
■  Co.,  who  are  shipping  several  carloads  of 
mining  machinery  into  the  Slate  creek  mining 
About  fifty  men  will  take  passage 
mi  the  boat  for  the  mines,  thirty-eight  being 

E  radical  miners  from  the  Sound  who  are  hired 
y  Messrs.  Clark  »fc  Co.  to  work  in  the  mines, 
the  rest  being  miners  and  business  men  look- 
ing for  locations.  The  present  indications 
■  a  prosperous  season  for  river  traffic 
in  the  <  olumbia  between  Wenatchee and  the 
mines. 

Miners  rrom  the  Squaw  creek  country  con- 
firm the  report  of  the  rich  strike  two  miles 
from  Methow  City  on  the  Doerr  ranch. 


Technical    Society    of    the    Pacific 
Coast. 

The  next  regular  meeting  will    be  held  on 
Friday,    April   5,    1805,  in    the  rooms  of    the 
.  in  the  Academy  of  Sciences'  building, 
B10  Market  street. 

On  this  occasion  Mr.  J.  D.  Isaacs  will  pre- 
sent a  paper  entitled  "Stopping  a  Trouble- 
some Slide  at  a  Summit  Tunnel,"  which  dis- 
cusses the  successful  engineering  results  of 
overcoming  physical  difficulties.  Members 
are  requested  to  attend  and  invite  any  friend 
interested  in  the  subject. 

It  is  hereby  announced  that  this  Society 
has  become  a  member  of  the  Association  of 
Engineering  Societies,  and  that  its  profes- 
sional  papers  will  hereafter  appear  in  the 
journal  of  the  Association  published  in  Phila- 
delphia. All  members  are  entitled  to  receive 
this  journal  without  additional  charge  to 
them,  the  subscription  beginning  with  the 
March  number,  which  will  appear  in  due  time. 

In  this  connection  it  is  earnestly  requested 
that  all  members  of  the  Technical  Society  who 
have  not  placed  themselves  in  good  standing 
to  do  so  at  the  earliest  opportunity,  so  that 
the  Society  may  not  lark  the  funds  to  meet 
t  he  obligations  to  the  Association. 

By  order  of  the  President. 
Otto  von  Geldern,  See'y. 


List  of   U.   S.   Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


h.-,». 


fd     hy    Dewey    &    Co..    Pioneer    Patent 
'Solicitors   Tor   Pacific  Coast. 


FOB  tiif.  WEEK    ENDING   MAKCH    10,  1895. 

536,169.— Wave  Motor— O.  L,.  Caldwell,  Los  An- 
geles. Cal. 

536.0159.— Wagon  Tongue  Support— J.  f.  Dehm, 
Sua  Diego,  Cal. 

535.055.— Burial  Cask— T.  C  Nativel,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

535.05H— Windmill— C.  A.  Norcross,  Reno.  Nev. 

586,15?.— Necktie  frame—  G.  W.  RHz,  S.  f. 

535,964.— Gas  Engine— H.  Swain,  S.  F. 

535,930.-  -Window  SCREEN— W.  Thompson.  Santa 
Cruz,  Cal. 

S36,lll.--STRrNGlNG  PIANOS— C.  S.  Neber,  San 
Jose,  Cal. 

535,970.— advertising  Dkvice— C.  L.  Whipple, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Note.— CopileH  of  n.  S.  ana  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  Che  shortest  lime  possible 
(by  mail  for  telegraphic  order).  American  and 
Foreign  patentB  obtained,  and  general  patent  busi- 
ness for  Pacific  Coasl  inventors  transacted  with 
perfect  security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  in  the 
shortest  possible  time. 


The  Altham  motor,  about    which   so  I 
much  has  been  said  and  sung,  is    being 
exhibited  in  Boston  and  is  regarded    as 
It   is  a  OfiW  type  of  turbine 
wheel  operated  by  a  small  jet  "f  steam 
drocarbon  fuel   which  is  fed  auto- 
matically into  a  generator,   where  its 
combustion  produces  ;i  gas  under  heavy 
pressure,  which  in  turn  is   fed   to  the; 
turbine  in  the  Bame  way  that  steam   is  ! 
now  injected.      The  motor   now    on    ex- 
hibit is  cylindrical  in   form,    about    is 
inches  in  length   by   aboul    \2  inches  in 
diameter.     It  is  coupled  directly  to  the 
shafl  of  the  armature  of  an  old  type  of 
dynamo,  and  with  about  14  horse  power 
of  steam  energy  it  generated  quite  eas-  j 
Qy  current  for  100   lamps  of    lb"   candle 
power  capacity. 

Tin:  battle  of  Waterloo  was  fought  80 
years  ago.  There  are  now  living  23 
known  survivors  of  that  great  conflict. 
Of  these  14  live  in  England,  six  in 
Prance  and  three  in  this  country.  The 
battle  of  Waterloo  was  fought  50  years 
before  the  close  of  our  civil  war.  With- 
in 50  years,  therefore,  it  is  probable 
that  the  number  of  Union  veterans  or 
those  who  fought  for  the  Confederacy 
will  he  reduced  to  very  small  propor- 
tions. The  average  of  human  life  is  in- 
creasing,  and  though  the  hardships  of 
their  war  experience  have  shortened 
many  lives,  it  seems  probable  that  as 
many,  if  not  more,  will  survive  of  those 
who  took  part  in  our  civil  war  as  thpre 
are  now  survivors  of  the  battle  of  Wa- 
terloo. 

The  air-tight  compartment  theory 
of  building  ships  was  copied  from  a  pro- 
vision of  nature  shown  in  the  case  of 
the  nautilus.  The  shell  of  this  animal 
has  forty  or  fifty  compartments,  into 
which  air  or  water  may  be  admitted  to 
allow  the  occupant  to  sink  or  float  as 
he  pleases. 

One  of  the  most  peculiar  coals  found 
in  the  United  States  is  the  lignite  of 
the  Dakotas.  It  looks  like  slabs  of. 
wood  blackened,,  and  the  knots  and 
burls  in  the  timber  are  plainly  to  be 
seen. 


Every  Inventor  Wants  a  Good  Patent 

Or  none  at  all.  ,To  secure  the  best  patents 
Irventors  have  only  to  address  Dewey  &  Co., 
Pioneer  Patent  Agents,  No.  220  Market  St., 
San  Francisco. 

There  are  many  good  reasons  why  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  should  patronize  litis  Know  Agency. 

It  is  the  ablest,  largest,  best,  most  con- 
venient, economical  and  speedy  for  all  Pacific 
Coast  patrons. 

It  is  the  oldest  on  this  siiln  of  the  American 
continent,  most  experienced,  and  in  every.  wa  y 
reliable. 

Conducted  from  1863  by  its  present  owners 
(A.  T.  Dewey,  W.  B.  F.wer  and  Geo.  H. 
Strong),  this  agency  has  the  best  knowledge 
of  patents  already  issued  and  of  the  state  of 
the  arts  in  all  lines  of  inventions  most  com- 
mon on  this  coast. 

Patents  secured  in  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Mexico,  all  British  colonies  and 
provinces,  England  and  other  civilized  coun- 
tries throughout  the  globe. 

Caveats  filed,  assignments  dulv  prepared, 
examinations  made,  and  a  general  Patent 
Agency  business  conducted. 

Established  and  successfully  and  popularly 
conducted  for  nearly  thirty  years,  our  patrons 
number  many  thousands,  to  whom  we  refer 
with  confidence,  as  men  of  influence  and  re- 
liability. Old  and  new  inventors  are  cordially 
offered  the  complimentary  use  of  our  library 
and  free  advice,  etc.  No  other  agency  can 
afford  Pacific  States  inventors  half  the  ad- 
vantages possessed  by  this  old,  well-tried  and 
experienced  firm. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 


c=v- for  Ail  purposes  ?_ 

Wi  i^L  f(opt:Ti\AMW/\Vs. 


-NTON.N.J. 
N.v.orricc 
.  -00PER.HEWlTT«<CO.-l7BURLINe  SLIP  [ 

I  CHICAGO   OF  F ;  r  ;  .  - monadnock  b'lo'c/ 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

a  Third  Edition  of  Selected  Portions  "l   the 
"Explorers',  Miners' and  Metal- 
lurgists' Companion." 

Bv  J,  s.  PBJLUPa  M.  E. 

a  practical  expoaltJ r  ihe  various  dopa 

oi  Geolutr.v  Exploration    Mining,  Bnglneerli 

;  Baying  and  Metallurgy 

;     The  work  la  divided  Imo  four  parts    Rocks. Volus. 

.  Testing  anil  Assaying.    The  geological  chapters  are 
intended    lo    give    miners  a   practical    Ides 
parlous  formation  b.  The  chapters  on  mineral  veins 

!  nre  derived  from  long  observation,  and  the  Beotlon 
on  exploration  has  been  carefully  considered,  111 
that  relates  to  discrimination  and  assay  bos  been 
kept  as  free  from  formula  as  possible.  The  work 
is  written  for  practical  men.  and  all  ii Kplaua- 

I  tioiiH  ami  dlscrlptlonR  are  clear  and  to  the  p 

,  is  su  prepared  thai  it  i-,  us,. mi  to  uneducated  men 
as  well  ;\h  scicnUsts. 
Price W.00 postpaid,    sold  by  the  mining  and 

.  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS   230  Market  St.,  San  Francisco 


The  1.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

69  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


■/VlrtlNUFrtCTURERS        OF- 


Stamp  Hills,  Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,  Desulphurizing  Furnaces,  Etc. 


Improved  Self-Contained  Cushion -Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contained,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Bills  for  Heavy 
Timbers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  and  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self-Contairtecl"  Means  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  and 
Can  Be  Readily  Recognized  and 
Appreciated  In  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plunt. 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  Mill  a  Large  Bill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  aud  Loss 
Of  Time. 

SECOND:  The  Saving  in  Mill- 
Wright  and  Mechanics'  Labor  in 
Framing    and     Erecting. 

THIRD:  The  Large  Amount  of 
Space    Saved. 


Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List, — 
—CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED 


/Wining    F*ipe ! 


121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0. 


1  Caxton  Bit,  CHICAGO, 


SPECIALTIES: 

AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM. : 
BALL  PULVERIZER,    j 

The  simplest,  cheapest  and, 
["■si  machines  in  tne  mar- , 
ket.  Pulverize  wet  or  dry 
in  any  degree  of  fineness.  ' 
Make  little  or  no  slimes  In  ( 
wet  nor  dust  in  dry  work. ! 
Pour  sizes,  capacity  from  2  ' 
1"  60  tons  per  clay.  1 

SEND     FOB     CATALOGUE.  ! 

CableAddress,  American.     J 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal . 

Awarded  Dy  World's 

Fair,  1893. 


office  or  The  Cleveland  Iron  ouk  i 
paint  To.  and  Thk  Garry  Iron 
looking    Co..    Cleveland.,  o. 
Jan.  25,  I8SM. 
The  American  Minimi  A  Mil)i»>i  Machinera 
Co.,  Cleveland,  0-: 
Gentlemen: — We  purchased  a  No.  2 
American  Bock   Breaker    and  a    No.  'J 
American   Bail    Pulverizer    from    your 
company  about  one  year  afro.  Tlielaitn- 
part  of  April.  1893,  we    started   up   tor 
regular   work,    since    which    time    WQ 
have  run  both  of  said   machines  to  ihe 
full  extent  of  our  demands  and   io  ou- 
entire  satisfaction.    The  first  700  tons  of 
hard  iron   ore  that   we  pulverized  for 
paint    purposes    was     gruund     without 
taking"  the  Pulverizer  apart.  :iu<i  with- 
out expending  one  dollar  for  repairs  for 
either    of    these    machines.    Of  the  700 
tons  spoken  of.  about  200  tons  was  Lake 
Spi 


ore  (o  pu; 
carrying  (. 
W»-  find  II. 
now  callpt 
track  show 


Inde 


Ize.  The  Ti'iua 
a  per  cent  of  si 
16  steel  balls.  whl. 
h  In.,  and  are  per  fa 
ery  little 


70 


nt 


ossilifero 


1  ■  1  -y 


round  and  smooth,    Tin-  gr 
vinpr  track  shows  LE 


fact,  the  wear  is  almost  imperceptible.    These  two  machines  crush  and 

pulverize  more  than  one  ton  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.     We  do 

not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  Compare  with  the  output  of  these  two  machines  lmiuan- 

tity.  Quality,  small  amount  of  wear  and  tear,  and    like  power,     In  our  opinion,  you  cannot  recommend 

them  too  highly.    Very  truly  yours,  Cleveland  Iron  Oke  Paint  Co, 


STEEL  OR  IRON.— We  make  pipe  of  either,  but  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  many 
particulars  and  inferior  in  none.  .        .„     .,   __      _  ,      .,, 

COATING.— We  use  great  care  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Rotined  Asphaltum 
and  Maltha.  _,      _,,  .     _ 

COMPETITORS.— Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


GEAR  CUTTING 

f\     SPECIALTY. 


Fine  Work  at  Bedrock  Rates. 

SPUR,  BEVEL,  and  WORM  GEARS  of  any 
pitch  or  size  up  to  SO  Inches. 

<<<<    TAPS  AND  REAMERS  QROUND.    >))> 

Experimental  Machinery  and  Repair  Work  of  all  kinds. 

P.  T.  TAYLOR  «&  CO., 

523  Mission  street,       ■       ■       Sun  Fnuielp'cpi  cal, 


204 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  30    1895. 


Uses  of  Sawdust. 


One  of  the  methods  whereby  _  profit 
has  been  made  from  sawdust  is  the 
manufacture  from  it  of  oxalic  acid, 
which  is  a  simple  process,  producing  a 
material  in  wide  commercial  demand 
in  the  art  of  dyeing  and  other  chemical 
arts.  As  intimated,  the  process  is  not 
only  simple,  but  the  outfit  for  con- 
ducting it  does  not  involve  a  large  in- 
vestment. The  principles  involved  are 
not  complicated,  and  the  process  can 
be  carried  out  by  cheap  labor  under 
the  superintendence  of  a  fairly  intel- 
ligent director. 

Oxalic  acid  is  frequently  met  with  in 
the  vegetable  kingdom,  especially  in 
combination  with  gases  which  destroy 
its  poisonous  character.  Oxalate  of 
lime  is  found  in  considerable  quantity 
in  the  rhubarb  plant.  Oxalate  of  potash 
is  found  in  the  sorrel  and  oxalate  of 
soda  in  salicornia  and  sal  soda.  For- 
merly the  acid  was  obtained  from  the 
sorrel,  Oxalis  acetosella,  but  more 
recently  from  sugar  by  the  action  of 
nitric  acid  upon  it.  The  nitric  acid 
and  sugar  are  boiled  for  some  time, 
then  evaporated  to  dryness,  and  the 
oxalic  acid  formed  is  purified  by  crys- 
tallization from  water.  A  much  cheaper 
material  than  sugar  is  sawdust.  In 
this  case  an  alkali  must  be  employed 
instead  of  an  acid,  as  well  as  at  a 
higher  temperature.  The  operation  is 
conducted  in  an  iron  vessel  of  suitable 
size  and  shape,  and  either  caustic  soda 
or  potash  is  employed,  the  yield  being 
greater  with  the  latter. 

Some  experiments  made  go  to  prove 
that  a  mixture  of  forty  parts  of  caustic 
potash  to  sixty  parts  of  caustic  soda 
will  produce  as  large  a  yield  as  when 
potash  alone  is  used,  provided  the 
operation  is  performed  in  shallow  ves- 
sels with  thin  layers  of  the  material, 
avoiding,  as  far  as  possible,  the  fusion 
of  the  mass.  Soft  woods,  such  as  pine 
and  fir,  produce  larger  quantities  of 
oxalic  acid  than  hard  wood  like  oak. 
The  proportion  of  the  wood  to  alkali 
should  not  exceed  75  to  100,  and  the 
temperature  should  be  about  180°  F. 

Natural  Bridge  in  Oregon. 


One  of  the  chief  of  the  west  coast 
natural  curiosities  is  the  "Titan's 
Bridge,"  situated  in  Douglas  county, 
Oregon,  and  about  eighteen  miles  from 
Oakland.  It  is  not  on  such  a  grand 
scale  as  the  famous  "Natural  Bridge  " 
of  Virginia,  but  will,  when  its  where- 
abouts become  generally  known,  rank 
high  among  American  oddities  of  na- 
ture. This  Oregon  natural  bridge  was 
discovered  only  a  few  years  ago  by  a 
Californian  of  the  name  of  Magee. 
The  canyon  spanned  by  its  arch  is  91 J 
feet  wide  at  the  base  between  side 
walls,  and  the  arch  itself  only  lacks  11 
feet  of  being  an  even  100  above  the 
little  stream  that  runs  beneath.  The 
rock  stratum  which  spans  the  canyon 
and  forms  the  bridge  is  30  feet  in  thick- 
ness, exclusive  of  3  or  4  feet  of  earth, 
which  supports  a  few  straggling  trees. 
It  has  already  become  a  great  resort 
for  Oregoniau  outers,  and  a  large  hotel 
on  a  plateau  near  the  western  ap- 
proach of  the  bridge  is  among  the  near 
future  probabilities. 

Artificial   Whalebone. 


According  to  Le  Genie  Civil  the 
Munck  process  for  the  manufacture  of 
artificial  whalebone  consists  in  first 
treating  a  raw  hide  with  sulphide  of 
sodium  and  then  removing  the  hair; 
following  this,  the  hide  is  immersed  for 
a  period  of  twenty-four  to  thirty-six 
hours  in  a  weak  solution  of  double  sul- 
phate of  potassa  and  is  then  stretched 
upon  a  frame  or  table,  in  order  that  it 
may  not  contract  upon  drying.  The 
desiccation  is  allowed  to  proceed  slowly 
in  broad  daylight,  and  the  hide  is  then 
exposed  to  a  temperature  of  from  fifty 
to  sixty  degrees.  The  influence  of  the 
light,  combined  with  the  action  of  the 
double  sulphate  of  potassa  absorbed  by 
the  skin,  renders  the  gelatine  insoluble 
in  water  and  prevents  putrefaction,  the 
moisture,  moreover,  being  completely 
expelled. 

Thus  prepared,  the  skin  is  submitted 
to  a  strong  pressure,  which  gives   to  it 


almost  the  hardness  and  elasticity 
which  characterize  the  genuine  whale- 
bone, with  the  advantage  that  before 
Or  after  the  process  of  desiccation  any 
color  desired  may  be  imparted  to  it  by 
means  of  a  dye  bath.  The  material 
can  be  rendered  still  further  resistent 
to  moisture  by  simply  coating  it  with 
rubber,  varnish,  lac,  or  other  substance 
of  the  kind. 

100,000,000  Acres. 


The  United  States  Surveyor-General 

for  California  estimates  the  area  of  the 

State  of  California  to  be   100,395,000 

acres,  as  follows: 

Acres. 
Agricultural   and   mineral   lands   sur- 
veyed to  June  30,  1 8il2 61,887,393 

Agricultural  and  mineral  lands  linsur- 

veyed 26,211,501 

Private  grauts  patented 8,383.375 

Private  grants  not  settled 311.650 

Indian  military  reservations 318,631 

Lakes,   islands,   bays   and   navigable 

rivers 1,531.700 

Swamp  and  overflowed  lands  surveyed.       1,635,227 
Swamp    and    overflowed    lands    unsur- 
veyed 85,524 

Total 100,395,000 


Selby  Smelting 

i  ■■■■ »    pi  ii  rl  P— mm 

Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Office. 


HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

ULUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CAKTKIUGUS, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers*  Materials, 

/Wine*  and  /Will    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  <S  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 

.N*-^     We  would  call  the  attention       - — 

~  of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-  (S^jEjz^SO 
ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  \utrrrRS&V 
panies,  Prospectors,  etc.,  to    XjvJ^Jj/ 
our   full    stock   of   Balances, 
Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scorifiers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 
H        Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
|      supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as    to    quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


WANTED ! 

Mining  superintendent  to  take  charge  of  a  silver 
mine  in  Mexico.  Must  be  of  good  habits  and 
thoroughly  reliable  in  every  respect,  and  have  a 
practical  knowledge  of  mining  and  milling  silver 
ores  and  able  to  speak  Spanish.  No  other  need 
apply.    Address  BOX  J, 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 
220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.       -      426  California  Street, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  *y  Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

611  and  613  FRONT  ST.,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


INVENTORS,      Take       Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

22G  Market  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasawork.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  co-nfidcntiil. 


METAL  niNINQ 

Mechanics;  Mechanical  Drawing;  Electricity;  Architect  art;  Architectural  Drawing  and 
Designing;  Masonry;  Carpentry  and  Joinery;  Ornamental  and  Structural  Iron  Work;  Steam 
Engineering  (Stationary.  Locomotive  or  Marine);  Hailroud  Engineering;  /(ridge  Engineering; 
Municipal  Engineering;  Plumbing  ami  Heating;  font  Mining;  Prospecting,  and  tfu  English 
Branches.  A  blowpipe  outfit  and  case  of  mineral  specimens  free  to  students.  Send  for 
Free  Circular,  stating  the  subject  you  wish  to  study,  to 

The  International  Correspondence  Schools,  SCRANT0N,  PA. 


iTAUGHT 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN   A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  H0R5E  POWER  USED THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  — 

CAPACITIES  |USO^TONs{    DIFFERENT 
vnmumuu    PERH0URJ       sizes. 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF  EVERY   DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,  King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinerj . 

GATES  IRON  WORKS  SS^iSKS 


NEW    YORK, 
136    LIBERTY    ST. 


LONDON,   E.  C„ 
73   A   QUEEN    VICTORIA   ST. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF   MEXICO, 
)    CALLE    OE    GANTE 


w 

A 

T 
E 
R 


g&ADE 


xmRf 


w 

H 

E 
E 
L 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  ■wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  -water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

I  AMES  LEFFEL&  CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 


WARRANTEDS-X-L 


Simonds  Saws  and  Machine 
Knives. 

Rubber  Belting,  Rubber  Hose, 
Cotton  Hose,  Packing. 

Leather  Belting. 

Dodge  Wood  Split  Pulleys. 

Emery  Wheels,  Files. 

Graphite  and  Graphite  Grease. 

Covel  Belt  Hooks. 
SIMONDS  SAW  CO., 

No.   31    Main   Street,   San    Francisco,  and 
85  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     C/\ST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

?  B.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  i 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies         Stamp  Cam. 


March  30,  lSf).r). 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


YVitwatersrand   Uolil   Product. 


A  report  by  Hamilton  Smith  upon 
Witwatersrand  gold  fields  was  pub 
lished  about  two  years  ago,  based  upon 
amination  of  the  Rand  in  1892 
He  has  lately  revisited  the  Transvaal, 
remaining  then'  from  August  to  De- 
cember, ism.  in  tin-  former  report 
his  belief  was  stated  that  in  a  few 
years  the  gold  product  from  the  Rand 
would  increase  i"  a  value  of  over 
£10,000,000  per  annum,  and  that  a 
total  yield  of  £325,000,000  in  gold  could 
be  reasonably  expected  from  thai 
district. 

Sinn-  1892,  work  has  been  carried  pn 
more  vigorously  than  ever  before  in 
about  sixty  mines  owning  claims  at  and 
near  the  surface  outcrop  of  the  main 
reef  series.  .Many  vertical  bore-holes 
have  been  put  down  by  diamond  drills, 
one  having  reached  the  depth  of  nearly 
2500  feet.  Mr.  Smith  believes  that,  at 
a  horizontal  distance  of  three  miles 
(nun  their  outcrop,  the  reefs  of  the 
main  seriPS  are  probably  10, 0011  feet, 
or  about  two  miles,  beneath  the  sur- 
face. At  a  distance  of  two  miles,  their 
depth,  as  a  rule,  will  be  not  quite  one 
and  one-half  miles. 

The  vertical  depth  to  which  these 
mines  can  be  worked  with  profit  will 
chiefly  depend  upon  the  value  of  the 
ore,  the  amount  of  capital  required  for 
plant  and  development,  the  quantity 
of  water  to  be  pumped  and  the  tem- 
perature of  the  ground.  With  the 
abundant  supply  of  coal  in  the  Rand 
the  cost  of  hoisting  the  ore  from  great 
depths  will  not  be  a  very  important 
item.  None  of  the  mines  on  the  Rand 
have  thus  far  encountered  large  in- 
flows of  water.  In  regard  to  the  heat, 
Mr.  Smith  was  able  to  make  some 
careful  determinations  of  the  tempera- 
ture in  the  deep  bore-hole  before 
spoken  of.  These  show  a  temperature 
5f67.2°Fahr.  at  a  depth  of  200  feet, 
increasing  in  a  regular  manner  to95.3° 
at  a  depth  of  2404  feet.  This  indicates 
a  temperature  of  about  100"  at  a  depth 
of  3000  feet.  At  the  depth  of  3500  feel 
the  high  temperature  will  probably 
cause  a  serious  addition  to  the  mining 
costs.  Mr.  Smith  thinks  that,  with 
most  of  the  mines,  a  vertical  working 
Depth  of  but  little  over  3000  feet  can 
be  assumed  as  the  limit  with  which 
they  can  be  operated  at  a  profit,  while 
with  richer  or  thicker  ore — such  as  is 
now  found  in  a  few  of  the  outcrop 
mines — a  limit  of  something  over  3500 
feet  in  depth  seems  reasonable.  Should, 
however,  the  price  of  skilled  labor  and 
the  cost  of  supplies  decline  in  time  to  a 
European  level,  still  deeper  limits 
would  be  possible. 

As  to  the  continuance  of  the  gold 
with  increased  depths,  there  is  no  sign 
whatever  up  to  the  present  time  of  any 
change  in  the  grade  of  the  ore.  Present 
indications  show  that  the  average 
values  of  the  reefs  remain  unchanged 
to  a  vertical  depth  of  1000  feet — say 
1750  feet  upon  their  dip. 

Mr.  Smith  reports  that  in    1894  the 
value   of    the   Rand    gold  bullion   was 
£7,000,000,    and    this   without  any  in- 
crease from  the  new  deep-level  mines. 
These    latter   will   become   fairly  pro- 
ductive in    1897,    so    for  that  year   a 
product    of    fully    £10,000,000   can   be 
fairly      expected.       ''Judging      from 
present    appearances,    the    maximum 
product  of  the   Rand   will  be  reached 
about  the  end  of  this  century,  when   it 
will  probably  exceed   £12,500,000  per 
annum."     The  Rand  for  1894,   with   its 
product  of  $35,000,000,  stands  third   in 
the  world,  the  United  States  being  first 
with  its  output  of  over  $45,000,000,  and 
Australasia    being     probably    second 
with  a   product  of  about  $40,000,000. 
In  1849  the  world's  product  of  gold  was 
ibout  $30,000,000,  which   increased   to 
omething  over  $150,000,000   in   1853, 
wing  to  the  discovery  and  working  of 
Lhe  rich  placers  of  California  and  Aus- 
.ralia.     From  1853  the   yield  steadily 
leclined  until,  in  1883,  it  had  fallen   to 
ess  than  $100,000,000.     Since  1887  the 
/ield  has  advanced  by  leaps  and  bounds 
mtil  for   1894   the   product  has  most 
orobably  amounted  to   fully  8,600,000 
mnces  of  fine  gold,   worth  over  $182,- 
100,000— an     output     certainly     much 
greater   than   that   for    anv   previous 
/ear  in  the  history  of   the 'world.     It 


Power, 

/lining,   Hilling, 

Smelting,    Concentration 

and   Leaching  Hachinery;  Re 

turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 

Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me= 

chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines, 

Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried= 

ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines, 

Cornish  Pumps,   Roots  Blowers,  Copper 

Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,  Horseshoe 

Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers, 

Crushing    Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes,' 

Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional 

Hachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 

Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 

Concrete  Mixers,  Heavy  Ha= 

chinery  and    Mine    Sup< 

plies.  =  =  Write  for 

Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch  Offices:   2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Mex.; 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,   Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  ThreaUneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


■  MANUFACTURERS     OF  - 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

♦♦+  A    SPECIALTY.  -f-f+ 


OFFICE    /iIND     HORKS:       34     and     3<5     Main     Street,     San     Francisco,     Cal. 


has  been  generally  accepted  that  one 
of  the  principal  causes  of  the  rise  in 
the  price  of  standard  articles  from  1849 
to  18(10  was  due  to  the  influx  of  gold 
from  California  and  Australia.  Will 
the  same  rise  in  values,  measured  by 
the  ounce  of  gold,  take  place  in  the 
coming  five  years  ?  This  is  a  question 
of  vast  importance  to  all  of  us — from 
the  richest  capitalist  to  the  poorest 
laborer. 

From  the  Rand  mines,  since  their 
commencement  in  1887  up  to  December 
31,  1894,  Mr.  Smith  estimates  that 
10,110,000  tons  of  ore  (2000  pounds  each) 
have  been  extracted,  yielding  0,544,584 
ounces  of  gold  bullion,  worth  about  Oils 
per  ounce,  and  thus  having  a  gross 
value  of  about  £22,000,000.  The  divi- 
dends paid  by  the  producing  mines 
during  the  same  period  amount  to 
£4,484,541;  but  of  this  sum  nearly 
£200,000  was  unquestionably  not  fair 
mining  profit,  so  that  £4,H00,000  can 
be  assumed  as  having  been  the  net  re- 
turn, or  nineteen  per  cent  of  the  out- 
put. For  the  year  1894  there  was 
milled  2,827,305  tons,  coming  from  fifty 
producing  mines,  yielding  2,024,162 
ounces  of  bullion,  worth  about  £6,- 
980,000,  and  the  dividends  declared  by 
them  for  the  year  amount  to  £1,400,200, 
being  twenty  per  cent  of  the  output. 
On  the  other  hand,  several  of  these 
mines  were  operated  at  an  actual  loss 
in  1894.  From  1887  to  1894,  inclusive, 
the  profits  made  in  actually  working 
the  mines  of  the  district  have  been 
more  than  the  losses,  although  in  the 
years  1887-90  large  sums  were  ex- 
pended in  developing  mines,  many  of 
which  thus  far  appear  to  be  worthless. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

— ^Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  p™Af  *-- 

For  CHLORINATION  WORKS  and    Preserving  Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


R.  &  B.  ROOFING, 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  »**«£3LS2S^£ 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles.  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


220  Market  S< 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li' 
brary,  and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  h  ive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  oilier  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  uf  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  or  applying  fur  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage     Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.F, 


206 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


March  30,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  March  28,  1895. 

The  five  States  of  Montana,  Colorado,  Utah, 
Idaho  and  Nevada  are  directly  concerned,  and 
the  rest  of  the  Union  indirectly  concerned,  in 
the  gratifying  advance  of  silver.  The  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press  rejoices,  not  at  the 
verification  of  its  predictions,  but  because  it 
is  a  general  vindication  of  what  all  friends  of 
silver  nave  claimed — viz.,  that  the  natural 
trend  of  events  and  the  public  requirement 
would  overcome  the  manipulations  of  those 
who  trade  upon  the  necessities  of  the  nations 
and  the  weakness  of  legislators.  In  this  re- 
gard, it  is  noticeable  how  little  notice  has 
been  made  of  the  resumption  of  free  coinage 
in  India  by  Great  Britain.  For  the  past  sixty 
days,  as  recently  noted  in  these  columns,  free 
coinage  is  now  going  on  in  Bombay,  where 
England  is  coining  "the  British  dollar,"  con- 
taining 416  grains  of  silver.  England  finds  it 
profitable  to  buy  silver  even  at  64c,  to-day's 
quotations,  as  416  grains  in  a  dollar  means 
just  twice  64c  for  silver  bullion.  English 
papers  sav  this  is  done  "for  the  relief  of  the 
banks."  'Whatever  the  motive,  the  fact  re- 
mains the  same.  The  "seigniorage"  at  the 
Bombay  mint  is  one  per  cent. 

A  suggestion  herein  made  some  time  ago — 
tiiat  the  market  for  silver  could  and  should  be 
made  and  the  rate  set  here,  and  not  in  Lon- 
don, meets  affirmative  echo  in  many  quarters. 
The  scheme  is  feasible,  and  some  day  to  that 
it  will  come. 

Says  Dan  De  Quille :  "The  'kept'  papers 
of  the  gang  in  the  East  who  are  working  the 
gold  cinch  on  the  producers  of  the  land,  are  al- 
ways talking  about  the  danger  of  Europe  un- 
loading silver  upon  this  country.  The  fact  is 
that  England  and  other  countries  across  the 
water  have  use  for  all  the  silver  they  possess 
and  all  they  can  get  from  this  country.  Every 
week  we  send  across  the  sea  to  the  Old  World 
from  £400, 000  to  half  a  million  in  silver.  If 
there  is  no  silver  needed  in  the  other  coun- 
tries of  the  world  no  such  amounts  would  be 
taken.  In  the  last  eight  months  over  S23,S00,- 
000  in  silver  has  been  sent  from  New  York  to 
London.  Of  course,  Johnny  Bull  finds  a  place 
for  this  silver  and  is  making  a  big  thing  out 
of  it." 

"Instead  of  sending  their  silver  bullion 
to  London  via  New  York  our  people  should 
send  it  to  China  and  Japan  via  San  Francisco 
and  use  it  in  the  purchase  of  tea,  silks  and 
other  goods  of  the  Orient,  for  which  there 
would  be  ready  sale  here  and  in  Europe  at 
good  prices  in  gold.  It  would  not  be  long  after 
the  shipments  of  silver  were  thus  turned  away 
from  New  York  and  London  before  the  manip- 
ulators, here  and  across  the  water,  who  have 
been  putting  their  own  price  on  our  silver  (and 
thus  putting  their  own  price  on  all  the  pro- 
ducts of  our  farms  and  planters)  for  the  past 
twenty  years,  would  begin  to  haul  in  their 
horns.  It  is  an  experiment  that  should  be 
made,  ard  just  now  is  a  good  time  in  which  to 
make  it.  A  syndicate  could  easily  be  formed 
to  i*un  the  whole  business,  and  it  would  soon 
be  the  strongest  in  the  world." 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,  March  28. —PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@12.50c. 

COPPER— Brokers', 9.37%c;  exehange,y.30c, 

LEAD— Brokers',  $3.15;  exchange,  $3.-12%. 

TIN— Straits,  13.90@14.10c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  §3.15. 

New  York  Prices. 

New  York,  Mar.  2S. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, Silver  in . 

London.    N.  Y.     Copper.      Lead. 

Friday H8%        63  9  40         3 

Saturday 28%        08%  9  35  3  00 

Monday 29%        633£  

Tuesday 29H       63% 

Wednesday 29»/3        64  9  35         3 

Thursday 29%        64  

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 7l^c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 10c 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.88^ 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.89?^ 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 64c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 53^4@54 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 

Per  lb —    @       10 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots —    @       5{£ 

Powdered,         "      —    (&       hVi 

Concentrated,  "      —    @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @      — 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 21    @      — 

Ingot,  jobbing —   @      16 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @      14 

TIN  PLATE. 

Par  bx 5  25    @  6  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00    @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00    @18  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14    m      16 

NAILS. 

Wire $2  90 

Cut 2  65 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 15    @    16  00 

ZINC. 

Sheet 8>4@ 

LEAD. 

Pig —    @      3  90 

Bar —    @      4  20 

Sheet —    @     5  25 

Pipe —    @      4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs . .  .$1  20 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "     ..."  1  45 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,      "  "...  145 

QUICKSILVER. 
Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    @ 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 


inthe  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  ana"  Office  Sun  Wrcmotsca  Jnttrnah. 
ASSESSMENTS. 
Levied,  Deling't  and  Site.  Secretary. 

..Mar    5,  Apr    9.  Apr  30 C  L  Perkins.  30!)  Montgomery 

..Feb    18,  Mar  25,  Apr  17 Geo  R  Spinnev,  310  Pine 

.  .Mar  20,  Apr  20,  May  15 J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery 

..Feb    19,  Mar  25.  Apr  25 C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  16 C  L  McCoy,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  17 Chas  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

..Mar  12.  Apr  16,  May    7 Jas.  Newlands,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  11 H  P  Bush,  134  Market 

..Jan      2,  Mar    9,  Apr     6 WmSehaw 

..Mar    2,  Apr     8,  Apr  26.- A  P  Swain.  309  Montgomery 

..Jan   21,  Mar    6,  April  5 W  W  Sargeant,  Mills  Building 

..Mar  6,  Apr     9,  Apr  27 R  L  Thomas,  419  California 

.  .Feb   13,  Mar  20,  Apr  10 J  Stadtfeld,  Jr.,  309  Montgomery 

..Feb    9,  Mar  14,  Apr    3 B  E  Kelly,  309  Montgomery 

.Mar    7,  Apr     9,  Apr  27 G  A  Hill,  22  Market 

.  .Feb  23,  Apr    1,  Apr  22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

..Mar  20,  Apr  23,  May  15 AK  Durbrow.  309  Montgomery 

.  .Feb  27,  Apr    4,  Apr   24 R  R  Grayson,  331  Pine 

..Dec   31,  Feb  11,  April  3..  Join  H  Isham,  room  33,  Mills  Bldg. 

..Feb   20,  Apr     1,  Apr  22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

..Feb   11,  Mar  18.  Apr    8 H  R  Williar,  214  Pine 

MEETINGS. 
Company  and  Location.  Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

Champion  M  Co,  Cal J  F  Holling,  113  Crocker  Building April   9 

Bulwer  Con  M  Co,  Nev J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery April  10 


(vmiyUra  Every  Thursday  f mm  Advertisements 


Company  and  Location.  No. 

Belcher  S  M  Co  Nev 50. . 

Booth  G  M  Co,  Cal 5.. 

Brunswick  Con  G  M  Co.  Cal. . . .  8. . 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal 1 . . 

Challenge  Con,  Nev 18. . 

Con  New  York,  Nev 13.. 

Crown  Point  G  &  S  M  Co,  Nev.  .65. 

Eureka  Con,  Nev 13. . 

G ranite  G  M  Co,  Cal 2. . 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co,  Cal 39.. 

Inyo  Marble  Co,  Cal 26. . 

Iowa  M  Co,  Nev 20.. 

Julia  Con  M  Co.  Nev 26.. 

Justice  M  Co,  Nev 58.. 

La  Candelaria  M  Co,  Mex 8.. 

La  Grange  H  M  Co,  Cal 10.. 

Occidental  Con  M  Co,  Nev 18. . 

Osborn  Hill  G  M  Co,  Cal 4. . 

ReedM&MCo,  Nev 1.. 

South  Eureka  M  Co,  Cal 17 . . 

Starlight  Mining  Co,  Cal 5. . 


Ami. 
.25c. 
.  2o.. 
.  2c. 
.10c. 
.  5c. 
.  5c. 
.25c. 
.25c. 

.  mc 

..  5c. 
..10c. 
..  5c. 

.  5c. 
..10c. 
..S2  .. 

35c. 

.10c. 
..25c. 

.  2c. 

.   lc. 

10c. 


COAL. 
SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington S  8  00 

Greta 7  75 

Nanaimo 6  50 

Silman 6  00 

Seattle 6  25 

Coos  Bay 600 

Cannel 10  50 

Egg,  hard 13  00 

Wallsend 7  50 

Scotch  Splint 7  75  | 

Brymbo 7  75 

West  Hartley 8  75 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @ 

Liverpool  Steam 700  @  —  — 

Scotch  Splint 650  @ 

Cardiff 650  @ 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00  @ 

Cumberland 1100  @ 

Egg,  hard 12  00  ® 

West  Hartley 7  00  ® 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c  $  bbl 

English,  to  load 9  00  (g>  10  00 

"         spot,  in  bulk @  11  50 

"        in  sacks @  12  50 

Cumberland 900  @ 

LUMBER. 
SAN  FRANCISCO  — WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00  @ 

Pine 13  00  @  18  00 

Spruce 25  00  @  30  00 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  March  28.  1895. 

Throughout  the  week  there  has  been  little 
business  and  low  prices  for  the  little  done. 
The  advance  in  silver  or  the  improved  appear- 
ance in  the  Comstocks  have  little  to  do  with 
the  street.  Money,  nerve  and  a  leader  are 
needed,  and  the  lack  of  all  three  makes  things 
spiritless.  The  chipper  bears  about  the  same 
relation  to  stock  business  that  the  check 
guerilla  does  to  the  faro  bank.  Occidental 
showed  a  little  life  and  Bodie  was  firmer. 
Con.  Cal.  advanced  and  to-day  the  market 
livened  up  a  little. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week : 


MINES. 

Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated 

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point 

Exchequer 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 

Savage'. 

Sierra  Nevada 

Union 

Utah rN 

Yellow  Jacket 


'.'I 


28 


21 
45 
49 

1  50 

2  70 


42 
03 
48 

1  20 
17 
81 

1  60 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  March  28,  1895, 
9  :30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

100  Belcher 40  100  L  Wash 

100  Chollar 49  100  Mexican 

100  C.  C.  V 2  70  100  Ophir l 

50  Crown  Point 40  200  Savage 

200  Exchequer 03 

50  Gould  &  Curry....  48 
200  Hale  &  Norcross.  .1  10 
100  Justice 17 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:30  P.  M. 

100  Andes 27  100  Ophir 1 

100 26100  Occidental 

700  Belcher 40  750    

100  Bullion 21 400 

100  Challenge 45  600  Sierra  Nevada. . 


300  S.  B.&  M 

200  Sierra  Nevada 
100 


50  Confidence 1  50 

100  Crown  Point 41 

300 42 

400  Chollar 51 

500  H&  N 1   21 

100  Mexican 81 


150  Savage. 

150 

100  Seg  Belcher. . . 

500 

100  Silver  Hill. 

300  Yellow  Jacket 


Anthracite  coal  has  been  sold  iu 
New  York  recently  at  as  low  a  figure 
as  $2.75. 


LVAN  DUZEN  STEAM  JET  PUMPS 

THE  BEST  IN  THE  WORLD. 

Pumps  any  kind  of  Liquid.    Always  in  order.    Sever 

~  clogs   nor  freezes.     Fully   Guaranteed.      COST  $7 

AND  UPWARD.   Especially  usctal  Tor  Mines,  Quur- 

Tries,  Pits,  Wells,  Clay  Pits,  Breweries,  on  Steamships. 

I  Ferryboats  or  any  place  where  steam  is  available  and 

'  liquid  to  be  pumped.    A  full  supply  in  stock.     Address, 

•^as.  Linlurtu,  37  Mattel  st. ,  &au  franclsco. 


Assessment  Notices. 


BRUNSWICK  CONSOLIDATED  GOLD  MINING 
COMPANY.— Location  of  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness, San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works, 
Grass  Valley  Mining  District,  Nevada  County,  Cali- 
fornia. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  20th  day  of  March, 
lSy5.au  assessment  (No.  SS)  of  Two  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  oij.  Nevada  Block,  San  Francisco,  California, 
or  to  ihe  Treasurer.  J-  J.  Halpin.  57  Broadwav,  room 
S7,  New  York  City.  State  of  New  York,  on  or  before 
the  aoth  day  of  April,  1895. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  in  San  Franctsco,  on  the  20th  dav  of 
April,  1895.  will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for 
sale  at  public  auction:  and  unless  payment  Is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  15th  day 
of  May.  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  ot  Directors. 

J.  STADTFELD  Jit ,  Secretary. 

Office — Room  5ti.  Nevada  Blouk,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


OCCIDENTAL  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  principal  place  of  businessi 
San  Francisco.  California.  Location  of  works.  Sil- 
ver Star  Mining  District,  Storey  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  20ih  day  of  March, 
1HH5,  an  assessment  (No.  iS)  of  Ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  In  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
rooai  69,  Nevada  Block.  No.  i5U9  Montgomery  street, 
San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  23d  day  of  April,  1896,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  puolic  auc- 
tion, and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  lath  day  of  May.  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  coats 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Hoard  uf  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW.  Secretary. 

Office.  Room  t,9,  Nevada  Blocn,  No.  309  Montgom- 
ery Street,  San  Francisco.  California. 


IOWA  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  of  princi- 
pal place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  California. 
Location  of  works,  Virginia  City,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  6th  day  of  March, 
1895.  an  assessment.  (No.  2(j)  of  Five  Cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  Immediately  In  United  states  gold 
coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
Room2,  419  California  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  nth  day  of  April,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion: and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  SATURDAY,  the  27tta  day  of  Apill.  1896. 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  adverlising  and  expenses  of  sain. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

K.  L.  THOMAS.  Secretary. 
Office— Room  2,  -119  California  Street,  San  Frauclseo, 

California. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION  having 
received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  Geo.  W.  Edwards,  in  the  Biacklock 
Mine,  near  Placervllle.  El  Dorado  Co  .  Cal.,  to  im- 
pound tailings  behind  a  brush  dam  in  Spanish 
Ravine;  from  Kelly  &  Matherly,  on  Rattlesnake 
Bur.  near  Auburn,  Placer  Co.,  Cal.,  to  deposit  tail- 
ings on  bank  of  American  River;  from  O  M.Henry, 
in  the  Dry  Gulch  Mine,  near  Volcano.  Amador  Co., 
Cai.,  to  deposit  tailings  behind  a  dam  below  the 
mine;  from  J.  K.Williams,  in  the  Saw  Mill  Flat 
Mine,  near  Whiskytown,  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  to  deposit 
tailings  in  an  old  hydraulic  pit;  and  from  Thomas 
Ewing,  iu  the  Mooney  Placer  mine,  near  Placer- 
vllle, El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal.,  to  deposit  tailings  in  old 
hydraulic  pit.  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will  be 
held  at  Room  No.  92,  Flood  Building.  San  Francisco, 
Cal..  on  April  1st,  1895,  at  1:80  v.  ,u. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSIuN  having 
received  an  application  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  George  Wheeler,  in  the  Grizzly  Flat 
Mining  Claim,  El  Dorado  county,  Cal,  to  iuipound 
tailings  behind  brush  darns  below  the  mine,  gives 
notice  that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  room  92.  Flood 
building.  San  Francisco.  Cal..  April  1, 1895,  at  1  :3(lP.  m. 


♦  THE  > 

Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J.  P.  KEMP,  A.  B.,  E.  M.,  Professor  of  Geology, 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 

Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  New 
Illustrations. 

A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  addition  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coast,  dent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $4.00.    Address 

Mining:  and  Scientific  Press, 

220  Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


!  RUPTURE! 

IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia— commonly  called 
rupture— was  incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  Is  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  AXTHONY,  of  86  aud  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him.  so  there  can  be  uo 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
Is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


DELINQUENT    SALE    NOTICE. 

INYO  MARBLE  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA. 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Location  of  works,  Inyo,  Inyo 
County.  California. 

NOTICE.— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing described  stock  on  account  of  Assessment 
No.  26,  leyied  ou  the  21st  day  of  January,  1895,  the 
several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
spective shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name.  Certificate.  Shares.    Ann. 

M.  J.  McDonald,  Trustee 294       5,000      $500  00 

M.  J.  McDonald 453  250         25  00 

G.  P.  Rixford,  Trustee 145        1,000        100  00 

G.  W.  Luce,  Trustee 382  31?         3170 

Alex.  McLaughlin 302  200  20  00  J 

Alex.  McLaughlin,  Trustee..    360  123         12  20 

Alex.  McLaughlin  414  200         20  00 

W.  D.  Mansfield,  Trustee....    438  131         13  10 

Geo.  Dillman 420         980        98  00 

F.  J.  Sanders 384  98  9  80 

F.  J.  Sanders 385  35  3  50 

R.  P.  Rasmussen 415  100         10  00 

R.  P.  Rasmussen 419  31  3  10 

Louis  Vesaria.  Trustee 308        1,000       100  00 

Louis  Vesaria,  Trustee 346         307         30  70 

Israel  Luce,  Trustee 397        1,000        100  00 

A.  F.  Thane,  Trustee 447  500         50  00 

Chas.  E.  Anderson 456  500         50  00 

Chas.  E.  Anderson,  Trustee..  463  12,165  1,216  50 
W.W.  Sargeant,  Trustee....  482  1,250  125  00 
W.W.  Sargeant,  Trustee. ...  485  1,000  100  00 
W.  W.  Sargeant,  Trustee. ...  488  745  74  50 
W.  W.  Sargeant,  Trustee. ...  505  1,000  1U0  00 
W.  W  Sargeant,  Trustee. ...  514  500  50  00 
W.  W.  Sargeant,  Trustee....    516  600         60  00 

W.  W.  Sargeant,  Trustee. ...    518       1,000       100  00 

Jos.  Rosenthal 489  5  50 

H.  H.  Noble,  Trustee 523       4,000       400  00 

H.H.Noble 524  100         10  00] 

Mrs.  Hattie  C.  Baggs 305         600        60  00 

Mrs.  Hatlie  C.  Baggs 306  379         37  90 

Mrs.  Hattie  C.  Baggs. Trustee    317         301         30  10 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the  -, 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  21st  day  of  Janu- 
ary, 1885,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such 
stock  as  may  be  necessary  will  be  sold  at  public 
auction  at  the  office  of  the  Company.  Room  13, 
Third  Floor,  Mills  Building,  San  Francisco,  Call-  j 
fornia,  on  FRIDAY,  the  5th  day  of  April,   1895.  at  1 
the  hour  of  one  o'clock  p.  M.  of  said  day,  to  pay  de- 
linquent assessments  thereon,   together  with  cost 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

W.  W.  SARGEANT,  Secretary. 
Office— Room  13,  Third  Floor,   Mills  Building,  San 

Francisco,  California. 


DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 


BOOTH  GOLD  MINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; location  of  works,  Auburn,  Placer  County, 
California. 

NOTICE,— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing described  stock,  on  account  of  assessment  (No. 
5)  levied  on  the  Eighteenth  day  of  February,  1895, 
the  several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names;  of  the 
respective  shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name.  Certificate.  Shares.  Amt. 

Richard  Chenery,  Trustee....  160       6,275      $125  50 

Richard  Chenery 17  5  10 

Thomas  Day,  Trustee 148  500         10  00 

Thomas  H.  Gordon.  Trustee..    68       1.000        20  001 
Thomas  H,  Gordon,  Trustee..  112  100  2  00; 

Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee..  114  100  2  00 

Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee.     116  100  2  00 

Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee. .   117  100  2  00- 

Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee. .  118  1C0  2  001 

Henry  Oilman  38  300  600 

Henry  Oilman 175       1,000         20  Offl 

E.  S.  Harrison,  Trustee 177       1,000         20  00] 

J.  W.  Winter,  Trustee 161  250  5  00 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  au  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  Eighteenth  day  of 
February,  1895,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of 
such  stock  as  may  be  necessary,  will  be  sold  at 
public  auction,  at  the  salesroom  of  S.  P.  Middle- 
ton  &  Co.,  No.  30  Montgomery  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California,  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  Seven- 
teenth day  of  April,  3895,  at  the  hour  of  Two  o'clock 
p.  .m.  of  said  day.  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assess- 
ment thereon,  together  with  costs  of  advertising 
and  expenses  of  sale. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY,  Secretary. 
Office— 310  Pine  Street,  Room  No.  28,  San.  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


1A/£\INTTED. 

A  competent  rriau  lo  canvass  for  advertisements  I  | 
fur  The  collhnj  Engineer  and  Metal  Miner  on  the; 
Pacific  slope,  with  headquarters  iu  San  Fraucisco  j 
Address  with  references, 

THE  COLLIERY  ENGINEER  CO.. 

Scranton,  Pa, 


March   80,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


207 


Coast   Industrial   Notes. 


u  a  Ho witt,  ii  First  St.,  represents 
the  WcsUth  Forge  Co.,  of  St.  Louis, 

Wi  mportera  htk\  e  combined, 

and  [»ul  the  price  up  50  cents  per  ton. 

E.  A.  Kix  haa  removed  bis  machinery 
busiuess  to  ii   18  First  St.,  San  Francisco. 

-Eureka  Mill  owners  ran  manufacture  red- 
wood Lumbal    cheap  enough  to  i ipete  with 

*  Oregon  pine  in  price. 

Parties  from  pnv  do  Dome,  France,  will 
-vturt  ft  factory  in  California  for  the  prepara- 
tion of  crystallised  fruits. 

—The  Beaver  Hill  Coal  Co.,  with  a  $500,000 
capital  stock,  has  been  organised  to  open  now 
coal  mines  ai  <  !oos  Bay,  '  >r. 

There  are  2200  carpenters  in  this  city. 
of  that  number,  1500  are  employed  at  wages 
ranging  from  $1.73  to  $3.25  per  day. 

The  Watson  ville  sugar  factory,  near  Santa 
Cruz,  has  closed  a   long  season's  work.    The 
el  a  nan  lied  during  the  sea- 
son is  estimated  ut  142,000  tons. 

The  Sacramento  Tttciml-UnUm  has  ordered 
Ave  type-setting  machines,  which  will  do  the 
■  .ii.    ol    thirty  Ave  compositors.     The    ma- 
chines will  arrive  about  July  1st. 

a  lease  has  i o   taken  of  3500   acres  at 

Whit  tier,  Oil.,  by  Pennsylvania  and  New 
York  operators  Pickering  Land  and  Water 
Company    and  boring  for  oil  will  commence. 

The  Hobart  &  Marlette  estate  owns  a 
tract  of  timber  land  near  Truckee,  and  now 
Intend  to  work  the  timber  into  lumber.  A 
mill  and  yards  will  be  established  at  Boca  or 
Truckee. 

The   Pacific   Coasl    Steamship    Company 

has  decided  to  put  on  extra  steamers  of  light 

draught  to  call  ai   the  porta  of  Mazatlan,  Al- 

La    Pa2   and   Guaymas,    in   the  Gulf  of 

California. 

The  Uedondo  iron  mines,  Redondo  island, 
B  C,  and  the  (lien  iron  mines,  near  Kam- 
loops,  have  been  bonded  by  an  American  firm, 
who  are  negotiating  ti»  establish  iron  works 
near  Seattle. 

Shipments  of  wine  to  this  city  to  fill  the 
Bale  of  8,000,000  gallons  to  the  California 
Wtnemakers'  Corporation,  have  begun  from 
Santa  Clara  county,  which  will  furnish  about 
9,000,000  gallons,  at  12%  cents  a  gallon. 

—Professor  Sanders,  of  Fresno  county,  gives 
it  as  his  opinion  that  tea  can  be  grown  in 
several  parts  of  California,  but,  by  personal 
experience,  says  that  the  harvesting  of  it  re- 
quires two  days' work  to  produce  one  pound, 
worth  fifty  cents. 

s.in  Francisco  people  are  paying  ten  cents 
per  pound  extra  for  California  prunes  with  a 
French  label  on  the  box.  The  Democrat  thinks 
it  is  a  wonder  some  of  our  miners  never 
i  bought  to  put  a  European  label  on  their  gold ; 
iiti->  mighl  sell  ii  at  a  big  advance  to  the 
sain.-  people. 

-The  Washington  bureau  of  equipment 
states  that  tests  made  of  the  Blue  canyon, 
Washington,  coal  show  that  it  has  equal  qual- 
ities to  that  of  any  other  Pacific  Coast  coal 
yet  tested  showed  fixed  carbon  of  sixty  per 
Cent.  The  results  of  the  tests  made  by  the 
Mohican  corroborate  the  report  thus  far. 

It  is  said  that  a  syndicate  of  wealthy  men 
are  arranging  to  send  an  agent  to  China,  be- 
lieving that  as  soon  as  peace  shall  have  been 
concluded  between  China  and  Japan  the 
celestial  empire  will  become  the  scene  of 
wonderful  development  in  railways,  street  j  ; 
car  lines,    factories  ami   other    means  of  in-     Send  for  Circula 


and  there  will  be  oppor- 
for  fruuebises  or  ooncessiona  which 
:  may  lead  to  the  making  .of  large  fortunes. 

Ai g    recent   \>\\»-  shipments  is  one  "f 

iihhi  feet,  29  luch,  three-slxtei  utha  by  Francis 
Smith  .v  i  !o.,  to  Honolulu,  accompanied  with  a 
ninety-foot  span  beam  bridge  to  carry  it. 

The   Keystone  Foundry  of    Los  Angeles 

has  secured  an  outfit  of  tron-working   tools 

from  the  Parke  &  Lacy  Co..  of  this  city,    An 

[ogersoU-Sargeant  compressor  with  drill   has 

!  also  boon  sent  to  the  Os born  Hill  Cold  M.  Co, 

a  east  line  launch  is  being  built  to  run  be- 
tween Sacramento  and  Red  Bluff  bv  I  ieorge 
W.  Kneass,  the  boat-builder.  Che  launch  will 
be  forty-eighl  feet  Long,  ten  feel  beam,  and 
five  feel  deep,  sin-  win  have  accommodations 
for  twenty  passengers,  and  will  be  propelled 
by  a  gasoline  engine  of  twenty-horse  power 

The  ruling  in  the  Short  Line  case  receutly 
ai  Portland,  Or.,  is  a  victory  forthe  Union 
Pacific,  circuit  Judge  Gilbert  and  Districl 
Judge  Bellinger  decline  to  take  the  case  oul 
Of  the  hands  of  District  Judge  Kvner  .if 
Wyoming,  who  originally  appointed  the  Union  , 
I'aeiiir  receivers  lobe  receivers  also  for  the' 
l  tregon  Sborl  Line. 

Flagstaff,    Arizona,    men.    have    organized 

the  Durango,  Flagstaff  and  San  Diego  .Railroad 
Company  to  build  a   railroad   from  Durango, 

Col.,  to  San  Diego,  a  distance  of    700   miles,  to 

cost  $«,000,000.  The  incorporators  are  D.  M. 
Riordan,     D.    Babbitt,    J.    W.    Francis,    W. 

Hamilton  and  J.  ii.  Kirkpatrick,  who  have 
subscribed  $3,000,000. 

—The  California  State  Board  of  Trade  has 
decided  not  to  send  an  exhibit  to  Mexico,  but 
to  send  one  to  the  Atlanta  Exposition.  The 
following  directors  were  elected  to  serve  for 
a  year:  J.  S.  Emerv,  B.  M.  Lelong,  Hon.  L. 
W.  Buck,  J.  Morrisev.  J.  S.  Stabler,  \V.  H. 
Mills,  N.  P.  Chipman,  J.  P.  Irish,  C  M. 
Wooster,  L.  C.  McAfee,  M.  L.  McDonald. 

— The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Manufactur- 
ers* Association  have  elected  the  following 
officers:  President,  H.  T.  Scott;  Vice-Presi- 
dents, Louis  Saroni;  W.  F.  Bowers  and 
J.  M.  Da  vies;  Treasurer,  Andrea  Sbarboro; 
secretary,  Lewis  K  Mead;  Executive  Com- 
mittee— R.  S.  Moore,  James  Sproule,  Julian 
Sontagg,  M.  McGlynn  and  Louis  Saroni. 


KRussell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Farfc  City,  Utah. 


msm 


Business     College, 

2-1  Post  Street.        -  San  Francisco.  I 

FOR     SEVENTY  -  FIVE     DOLLARS 

This  Collegre  hiBtriieiB  in  Shorthand.  Type-Writing    ; 
Bookkeeping:.  Telegraphy.    Penmanship,   Drawing', 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining  ! 
lo  business,  u>v  ruli  six  months.    We  have  sixteen  | 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 

pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering; 

ablished  under  a  thoroughly  qualified  '> 

The  course  is   thoroughly   praetieal.  i 

C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec.       ' 


THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


gfeipHB&^fteK  mm 


^ 


..eo. 


it  \h  strong,  durable,  reliable, 

bandied  and  oneruii  «J 
man,  and  will  reduce 
"'  rock  drilling  ai  Ic 
per  cent. 

1  »ur  handsomely    illustrated 

i""  k»i  cutal iu  ,.,,:.. 

the  features  and   workings   oi 
the  drill,     ii  should  be 

liiill.ls     ol     .-very     min.'     owner, 

leaser,  com  fi and  prospi  e  ■ 

or   iu    the    Uim       sent  fr , 

application. 


ii 


m£$wm&!>uoM&>^ 


i:,..k 


e»li.»l    In 
'■"■«•« id 


S? 


WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 

FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific' Coasf  Agency. 

OFFICE  AND  WAEEEOOMS: 

Care  PARKE  &  LACY  CO 21  and  23  Fremont  Street,  Son  Francisco.  Cal. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  its   Denver  Otlice. 


IMPROVED   FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  QIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  ot 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FRANCIS     SMITH     &     CO. 


-MANUFACTUKKRS  OF- 


SHBEPlRON^tWr 


FOR     TOWN     \A/ATER     WORKS. 

Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes, 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  malting  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of  P:  pes 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphattum. 


The  Gates  Ore  and  Rock  Breaker 

Gives  a  Hner  product  than  any  other  crusher  made,  adding  by  this  means  £5  to  30%  lo  the  output  of  any  mill,  beside  saving  the  wear  of  the  more  costly  machinery.    It  will  reduce  a  given  amount  of  ore  at  untr 

third  the  cost  in  wear  of  any  other  crusher  on  the  market.    It  requires  also  much  less  power  for  the  same  amount  of  work. 

THe  Gates  <Dr&  Crusher 

Is  now  being  adopted  by  the  progressive  Mining  Companies  in  all  parts  of  the  world.    More  than  3000  of  them  now  runniug. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Company,  General  western  Agents 

121  JWaitn  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


NOTICE   TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■--»   n  ~T    REDUCED    PRICES.  i««i 

Our  Dimes  are  "uaruuteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Stiver  ami  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated   bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

^  .■■nrn7ffOT:^>"  Incorporated.  -^^Ssssan*.^ 

68,  70  and  72  First  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


■  SEND  FOR  CIRCULARS. 


Justinian  Caire,A^t 

521  anil  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  andife»w 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH, 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


niNE  m  bell  m  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force   in   Accordance 
with  State  Law. 


C^-OR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  IS  X  36  INCHES,  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
■^  the  Voorhles  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March  8,  1893.  The  law  is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Unirorm  System  ol  Mine  Bel!  Signals  to  Be  Used  In  All  Mines  operated  in  the 
state  ot  California,  tor  the  Protection  of  Miners."  We  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  cloth  so  as  to  withstand  dampness,  for  50  cents  a  copy.  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS,  220  Market 
Street.  San  Francisco,  Cai, 


208 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


March -30,- 1-895. 


^^OVER     4000     IN     ACTUAL     U&E.<^w**^ 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


Price  of  4-foot  wide  Plain  Frue  Vanner 

it           «           <«       Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner. 
"       6-foot     "       Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner 


$500,  f.  o.  b. 
.  600,  f.  o.  b. 
.     600,  f.  o.  b. 


GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY,  FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal,  J 

C.  J.  Clark,  M.  E.,  Gen'l,  Supt.  Dec.  12.  1891.     [ 

MESSRS.  ADAMS  &  CARTER,  San  FranciBCO.  Cal.— Dear  SIRS:  During  my  experience  in 
mining-  and  milling',  I  have  used  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  on  different 
kinds  of  ore,  both  gold  and  silver.  I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  with  other 
widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Frue  in  first  place.  When  I 
built  this  mill  (20  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Fruea  in  order  to  save  space  and 
machinery.  I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 
TwelveMonths.  They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 
tons  per  day,  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.  They  require  no  more  attention 
than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.  I  have  run  them  up  to 
SO  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.  They  Btop  and  start  aB  eaBily  as 
TiTiTin  Ann  /lAiTnrvmriimA'n  the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  bearings  and 
rKUrJ  Oflhi  (jUNuCiN  1KA1UK  wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil.  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 
"     "  "     "    '   My  repair  account  for  the  past  six  months  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.    In  ovder  to 

give  an  idea  of  the  work  they  are  —.  'g  here.  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 
from  $5  to  ?20  per  ton  and  the  tai"  ^J  .'om  nothing  to  00  cts.  per  ton.  I  will  conclude  by 
saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  th  *>».  oot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  is  the  only  table 
that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.       <$p  C.  J.  CLARK,  Gen'l  Supt. 


For  any  information,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 

(Successor  to   Adams  &  Carter,) 


AGENT  FOR  THE 


133   /VYARK.ETT  ST. 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


i& 


es* 


& 

s* 
*? 

v" 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address:     "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 

-s^sss^riANUFACTURERS    OF^«^ 


Johnston^ 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders, 


Air  Compressors, 


MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS. 

Steam 

Freighting 

Train. 


ENGINE: 
Power. 


50-Horse 


CAPACITY  OF  TRAIN: 

50  to  65  tons;  depends 
upon  the  roads. 


WRITE    FOR    CIRCULARS 
AND      PRICES. 


MANUFACTURED    BY 


THE     BEST     MANUFACTURING     CO.,     S/\IN     LEANDRO,     C/\L.,     U.    S    /*. 

HAVE   YOU   A   niNE?     If  so  do  not  fail  to  see  j 

Parke  &  Lacy  Co/s  Stock  of         I 

TWINING  MACHINERY! 


SOLD  AT  LOW  PRICES. 


21  and  23  Eremont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL     fe  X REVIEW. 


VOLL'MK    I.XX. 
Number  1  I. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  SATURDAY,  APRIL  6,  1895. 


TURKU   DOLLARS   PEH    ANNUM. 
Single  Cop'*'*.  Ten  Cents. 


Arrastra— "  The  Poor  Man's  Mill." 

Stamp  mills  ami  roller  c|uart/.  mills,  which  were 
described  and  commented  on  at  considerable  length 
in  last  week's  issue,  have  not  wholly  taken  the  place 
of  a  means  of  crushing  quartz,  crude  but  effective, 
si  ill  in  use  in  some  parts  of  this  State,  lie- 
in  ence  is  made  to  the  arrastra— ■='-' the  poor 
man'smill,"  which,  as  well  as  the  Chilean  mill, 
a  development  from  it,  are  not  extinct,  as 
lb'  accompanying  illustrations  show,  being 
taken  from  direct  photographs  of  arrastras 
now  in  operation  in  Kern  county.  As  noted, 
nee  is  worked  by  horse  power,  one  by  water 
power,  and  one  by  steam  power,  which  in 
itself  is  considerable  advance  over  the  burro 
power  of  Old  Mexico,  and  whilom  of  sections 
farther  north. 

There  isn't  much  said  about  arrastras,  and 
where  there  is  a  big  mine,  or  a  mine  not  so 
big.  but  some  capital,  there  needn't  be,  for 
an  arrastra  seems  as  slow  and  stupid  as 
the  donkey  that  drives  it  in  its  native  place; 
but,  primitive  as  the  arrastra  may  seem 
and  weakly  productive  in  comparison  to  roller 
or  si  amp  mill,  it  has  an  honorable  though 
humble  record,  and  has  ground  out  mauy  a 
dollar's  worth  of  bullion  in  its  simple  old 
way.  With  all  its  rudeness,  it  deserves  a 
wood  of  praise.  Unlike  some  mills,  it  never 
beats  the  company;  the  battery  assays  and 
car  assays  agree;  the  ore  owners  know  that 
what  goes  in  comes  out,  and  there  is  no  ad- 
dition, division  or  silence.  And  with  free  gold 
it  will  hold  its  own  with  many  a  costly  mill. 
It  costs  very  little  to  set  up;  the  running 
expenses  are  light;  it  rarely  breaks  down, 
and  when  it  does  can  be  cheaply  and  quickly 
lixed  up;  it  needs  little  housing,  watching 
or  insurance;  it  eau  be  built  by  the  owner, 
who  can  be  his  own  engineer,  millman,  fore- 
man, amalgamator,  feeder  and  boss,  and  the 
one  man  who.  combines  all  these  positions 
can  break  the  rock  and  keep  the  burro  or 
the  mule  or  the  horse  going  all  at  once. 
Nothing  blows  up,  and  unless  the  mule  gives 
out  there  isn't  much  prospect  of  loss;  the 
amalgamation  is  usually  satisfactory,  and 
while  there  isn't  much  science  nor  style 
about  the  outfit  there's  considerable  common 
sense  and  often  lots  of  profit.  It  is  not 
recommended  as  a  superior  article;  it  bears 
the  same  relation  to  better,  faster,  finer  ap- 
pliances for  the  same  purposes  that  a  coun- 
try blacksmith  shop  does  to  the  Union  Iron 
Works,  but  "it  beats  nothing  all  to  pieces,'' 
and  in  many  an  isolated  mine  would  pay  bet- 
ter to  work  ore  than  to  have  the  owner  sit- 
ting around  "waiting  for  capital "  to  develop 
his  claim,  and  thus  work  out  his  own  salvation. 

The  arrastra  is  slow  but  sure.     It  is  built 
in   a  primitive   way,   solidly  and    securely,   its   two 
greatest  drawbacks   being  its  limited  capacity  and 
liability  to  waste. 

Judge  Sumners'  Kernville  arrastras  are  in  a 
granite  country,  much  of  it  with  feldspathic  veins  or 
dikes  crossing,  the  arrastras  occupying  the  site  of  a 
twenty-stamp  mill  built  thirty  years  ago,  but  long 
since  entirely  removed,  with  the  exception  of  the 
battery  blocks. 

The  arrastras   at   Smartsville   and   Mooney  Mat 


districts,  Nevada  Co.,  are  twelve  feet  aoross  and  200-foot  sluice  containing  the  rilttes,  the  sluice  being 
three  feet  deep.  The  bottoms  are  paved  with  hard,  cleaned  up  weekly.  The  result  for  cement  or  soft 
rough-dressed  mck,  laid  evenly  in  cement  and  j  top  gravel  gave  satisfaction,  the  cost  of  milling 
sixteen  inches  in  depth.     The  center  post  is  fourteen  j  being  eight  cents  per  ton. 

inches  square,  eighteen  inches  high,  the  post  having  i  In  the  regular  old-fashioned  Mexican  arrastra,  run 
four  arms,  to  each  of  which  is  attached:a  heavy  drag.  '  by  a  burro,  the  bed  is  built  of  paving  stones  laid  on 

.  a  puddled  clay  five  inches  deep,  set  closely. 
the  joints  tamped  with  clay;  in  the  center  a 
large-sized  stone  as  a  step  for  the  "peon" 
or  pivot,  made -of  two- -pieces  of  timber 
4x8  clamped  together.  A  hole  is  bored  in 
the  bottom  and  a  piece  of  round  two-inch 
iron,  worked  off  to  a  rounded  point  at  the 
lower  end,,  inserted.-  Through  the  peon  at 
right  angles  are  passed  two  pieces  four-inch 
square,  one  extending  horizontally  seven  feet 
six  inches,  to  which  the  burro  is  hitched;  to 
the  other  is  attached  the  mullers  or  grind- 
ers. These  arc  of  rough  stone,  prismoidal 
in  shape,  thirty-six  inches  long  and  about 
fifteen  inches  wide,  so  dressed  as  to  throw 
the  center  of  gravity  well  toward  the  base. 
At  the  upper  end  of  each  stone's  front  face 
two  six-inch  plug  holes  are  drilled,  in  which 
are  fitted  plugs  of  dry  sugar  pine,  which, 
when  wet,  swell  and  are  immovable.  The 
outside  edge  of  one  stone  works  a  little  in 
advance  of  the  inside  edge,  thus  throwing 
the  charge  toward  the  center.  Of  course, 
in  setting  the  other  stone,  this  arrangement 
is  reversed. 
The  upper  end  of  the  peon  is  fixed  in  a 
-fouB-inch  pinion,  which  works  in  a  bearing 
.  collar  made  of  wood  2x8  inches;  the  collar  is 
morlised  near  each  end  1x3  inches,  corres- 
ponding holes  being  made  in  the  other  lim- 
ber and  the  two  secured  by  a  wooden  link 
and  pins.  With  such  an  arrastra  a  600- 
pouud  charge  is  usual  and  the  patient 
"mauana"  worker  gets  enough  to  satisfy 
his  needs,  his  chief  lookout  being  to  see 
that  no  grease  gets  near  his  machine. 

The  Chilean   mill   is   sometimes  associated 
with   the  idea  of  the  arrastra,  from  which  it 
may  be  considered   to   have  been  developed. 
It  is  to  all   intents  and   purposes   a  millstone 
set   on  edge  and  so  arranged   that  it  will  re 
volve   in   a    circular   track,   the   axle   upon 
which  it   revolves  being  pivoted  at  one  end, 
the  mule  hitched  to  the  other.      As  an  expe- 
dient  in   out-of-the-way   places   the   Chilean 
mill   and   the     arrastra  both     serve   a   pur- 
pose, the  Chilean  mill  reducing  the  assorted 
spalled  ore  to  pea  size,  thence   to  the   arras- 
tra, where  about  one-half  the  charge  is  first 
placed  and     thoroughly     moistened    as    the 
peon     revolves,     about    two     and    one-half 
ounces    of  quicksilver    being    added   as   the 
grinding  progresses,    and   the   remainder   of 
the    charge     is     put    in.       From    twelve    to 
sixty   hours   is  the  limit  for  grinding,  which 
clamped  to  the  i  depends  on   the   nature  of  the  ore.  and  coarseness  or 
of    the  pit   as    fineness  of    the  gold,  amalgamalion   in  the  case   of 
coarse  "old  being  sometimes  reached  in  twelve  hours 
and  in  the  case  of  fine  gold  requiring  even  more  than 
sixty    hours.       The     accompanying    apparatus    for 
settling,  retorting,  etc.,  is  necessarily   rude   but  in 
most  cases  effective:     In  this  brief  notice  of  a  prim- 
itive gold  producer  no  attempt  is  made   to  give  the 
detail  of  setting  up  or  working,   the  subject   being 
treated  in  outline  in  the  most  general  way. 


WATER    POWER    ARRASTRA,     KERN    COUNTY. 


STEAM    POWER 


COUNTY. 


The  drags  are  heavy  diabase  blocks 
arms,  so  fixed  as  to  cover  all  part 
they  go  round.  Each  block  .weighs  from  700  to. 1200 
pounds.  About  seven  tons. of  gravel  are  run  in  from 
a  car  or  a  chute,  water  being  added  to  keep  it  from 
caking,  and  the  arrastra  .run.,  very  slowly  .till  the 
mass  is  of  a  "  thin  mush"  consistency,-  when  a. speed 
of  about  fourteen  revolutions  a  minute  is  attained 
(this  arrastra  ran  by  steam  power).  After  an  hour 
of  this  the  gate  is  opened  and  the  charge  run  into  the 


2io 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  6,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ESTABLISHED     I860. 
Oldest  Mining:  Journal  on  the  American  Continent. 


Uffice, 


No.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  . 

B^*  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


The  Mineral   Lands. 


Annual  Subscription $3  00 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 
Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 


J.  F.  HALLOKAX General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  April  6,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.—  Horse  Power  Arrastra,  Kern  County:  Water 
Power  Arrastra.  Kern  County:  Steam  Power  Arrastra,  Kern 
County,  209.  Pole  No.  40:  4UU0  Feet  from  Mill:  Motor  Switch 
Board ;  Motor  in  Operation,  Standard  Cons.  Mill.  215.  Eighty  H. 
P.  Electric  Locomotive:  Chain  Breast  Machine.  2  3. 

EDITORIALS— Arrastra— '•  The  Poor  Man's  Miil,"  209.  The  Min- 
eral Lands:  Miscellaneous,  210.  -  -  -  - 

CORRESPONDENCE.— The  Largest  Piece  of  Gold:  Sora.  Practical.. 
Points;  A  Correction,  214. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Theory  of  Professor  Welluei's  Flying 
Machine;  Iron  older  Tban  History;  Ink  Eraser;  Miscellaneous,  21oU 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— The  Straining  of  Boilers;  Arrange- 
ment of  Machinery  in  Power  Stations,  217. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— An  Important  Enterprise  in  Mexico: 
The  Legal  Aspects  of  Electrolysis :  Electrical  Terms,  220. 

MINING  SUMMARY. — From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  218-19. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  SanFraucisco  StoekBoard; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments:  Dividends,  etc.,  222. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates,  211;  Electric  PowerTransmis- 
sion,  212.  A  Mammoth  Coal  Mining  Plant:  Characteristic  Fea- 
tures of  California  Gold-Quartz  Veins,  213-214.  Books  Received. 
214;  Timbering  in  Mines;  New  Remedy  for  Insomnia:  A  Long' 
Life.  221.    Patents,  222.    Industrial  Notes,  223. 


Developments  in  the  Carson  mint  shortage  indi- 
cate that  the  New  York  bond  syndicate  are  not  the 
only  ones  who  can  play  a  bunco  game  on  Uncle  Sam: 


Senator  Stewart  of  Nevada  writes  a  long  letter' 
advocating  the  organization  of  "a  gold  party  "  and 
"a  silver  party  "  for  presidential  nominations  next 
year.  .He  can  always  be  counted  on  to  advocate- 
any  thing  that  is  combative  but  impractical. 


Slowly  but  steadily  the  hydraulic  mining  industry 
of  the  State  is  building  up  again.  Three  more  per- 
mits were  issued  by  the  Debris  Commission  this 
week,  mating  about  75  since  that  body  began-  its 
work.  With  all  available  hydraulic  mines  in  opera- 
tion the  million  a  month  now  yielded  from  California 
gold  mines  would  be  nearly  doubled.  Including  indi- 
vidual as  well  as  corporate  owners  it  is  estimated 
that  there  are  nearly  150  paying  quartz  mines  now 
being  operated  in  this  State. 


The  Governor  of  Nevada  has  vetoed  a  mining-bill 
passed  by  the  recent  Nevada  State  Legislature.  It 
defined  a  quartz  claim  as  being  1500  feet  long  by  600 
feet  wide,  and  prescribed  that  in  locating  a  placer 
claim  its  dimensions  should  be  those  of  a  quartz 
claim,  "except  that  where  the  word  'feet '  occurred 
in  such  designation  it  should  read  '  acres. '  "  Asa 
placer  claim  1500  acres  long  by  600  acres  wide  would 
bring  the  locator  in  collision  with  the  federal  stat- 
utes, and  be  awkward  in  other  important  respects, 
it  is  believed  the  Governor  did  right  in  vetoing  the 
bill. 

The  long  litigation  between  the  English  and 
American  claimants  of  the  Amador  gold  mine,  at 
Jackson,  Cal.,  is  at  last  ended,  the  ruling  and  de- 
cision of  Judge  Davis  having  been  .sustained  by 
Judge  Daingerfield,  resulting  in  dispossession  of  the 
American  claimants  and  a  writ  of  possession  given 
J.  E.  Dye,  the  financial  agent  of  the  English  claim- 
ants. That  being  settled  the  next  thing  in  order  is 
to  go  to  work  and  develop  the  idle  mine,  which  has 
been  proved  to  be  a  very  valuable  property.  The 
costly  litigation  alone  evinces  that  fact. 


Or  many  men  and  measures  it  has  been  said: 
"  The  stars  in  their  courses  fight  for  them."  Accord- 
ing to  a  grave  contemporary,  which  rarely  jokes, 
the  stars  favor  silver.     It  says: 

It  is  a  very  singular  fact  that  the  stars  have  an  indirect 
effect  on  the  price  of  silver.  The  present  speculation  in  silver 
in  India,  which  is  entirely  in  the  hands 


The  act  of  July  1,  1862,  and  July  2,  1864,  which  do- 
nated nearly  100,000,000  acres  to   railroad   corpora- 
tions, gave  the  coal  and  iron  land  within  their  limits, 
but  excepted  all  other  miueral  lands  from  the  grants. 
The  question  of  what  is  mineral  land  and  what  agri- 
cultural has  long  been   one  of   argument  and  litiga- 
tion.    Last  year   the   IT.    S.   Supreme  Court,  in  the 
case  of  Borden   vs.    the  Northern  Pacific   Railroad 
Co.,  held  that  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  may  de- 
termine what  is  mineral  and   what   agricultural  in 
railroad  land  up   to   the   time   patent  issues   to  the 
railroad  company;  but  after  patent  once  issues,  the 
matter  has   passed   beyond  his   jurisdiction   and   is 
settled.     In   accordance   with   that   decision,  Secre- 
tary  Smith   issued   a  general   circular  referring  to 
railroad  selections  within  miueral  regions,  providing 
that  wherever  a  list  of  railroad   selections   covered 
lands  located  within  six  miles  of  any   mineral   entry, 
claim   or   location,    publication   should   be   made  for 
sixty  days,  calling  for  auy  claimant  to  protest  against 
such  selection,  and  in  the  absence  of  such  protest  the 
land  in  question  was  to  be  adjudged  agricultural  and 
a  patent  issue  to  the  railroad  company  for  such  list. 
So  far  as  known,  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press 
;  was  the  first  paper  to  publish  this  circular  or  direct 
attention  to  its  importance,  and  the   danger   to  any 
owners  of  unpatented  claims  within   the   regions  af- 
fected  by   it;  and   urgent   representation   was   also 
made  to  the  miners  of  California  of  the  need  of  either 
securing  patents  to  their  claims,    and   thus   forever 
settling  their  legal  right  to  the   ground   claimed,  or 
;else  to  find  the  exact  location  of  their  claims  with 
reference  to  legal  subdivisions  and  take  care    to  see 
■f,he  railroad  company's   advertisements   when   they 
appeared,  and,  if  their  claims  were  included  in  the 
published  list,  to  enter  protest  at   the   Land  Office. 
•  ft  was  also  pointed  out  in  these  columns  that  the  in- 
direct idea  on  the  part  of  the  Government   was  evi- 
dently to  compel  miners  to  perfect  their  title   by  se- 
curing a  U.  S.  patent,  which,   where  practicable,  is 
the  best  way. 

-When  the  Cal.  Miners'  Association  held    their  an- 
nual   convention    in  November,    this     matter    was 
brought  to  their  notice  and  received    the   fullest  at- 
tention, none  too  soon,  for  already  in   several   parts 
of  the  State  the  railroad  company  was  publishing  its 
lists,  lumping  whole  areas  of   tens   of   thousands   of 
acres  in  a  little  brief,  solidly-set  designation  b}'  town- 
ships without  subdivision  or  any  cother   designation, 
mostly  in  some  obscure  paper,  the  whole   thing  tak- 
ing up  only  two  inches  or  so  among  other   advertise- 
ments, and  cleverly  designed  to  attract  no  attention. 
The  convention  appointed  a  committee  consisting  of 
Tirey  L.  Ford,  E.  A.    Belcher   and   Chas.    G.    Yale, 
who  made  au  elaborate  and  exhaustive  report,  being 
a  complete   argument   from   the   standpoint   of   the 
miner,  and  which,  through  these  columns,  was  given 
wide  circulation.     When  the  report  was  read,  it  was 
jnade  the  subject  of  several  speeches,  and  the  result 
Was  the   appoiutment  of   a   committee  on   mineral 
lands  whose  business  it  was  made  to  check  the  action 
-of  the  railway  company  till  the   miners'   side  of  the 
case  cotild   be   presented,  and   permanently  prevent 
the  acquisition  by  railroad  companies  in  this  State  of 
unpatented  mineral  lands  within  land  grant   and  in- 
demnity land  grant  limits,  it  being  made  the  duty  of 
the  committee  "  to  appear  before  the  Department  of 
the  Interior  by  memorial  and  by  agent,    to   endeavor 
to  stop  the  patenting  of  mineral  lands   to   subsidized 
railroads:  also  to  obtain  an  order  from   the  Commis- 
sioner of  the  General  Laud  Office  that  the  burden  of 
proof  that  land  claimed  as  agricultural   by   the  rail- 
roads shall  be  placed   on   those   corporations,  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  decision   of  Justice   Field   in   the 
Borden  case  "  in   Montana.     The   magnitude   of   the 
matter  was  unusual — the  total  amount  of   the  S.  P. 
grant  alone  in  this  State  being  1.63S,000   acres — the 
committee  at   once   began    its    work,    invoked   Con- 


of  native  dealers,  is 
chiefly  regulated,  it  appears,  by  the  astrologers,  who  direct  '  ^ressional  aid,  sent  a  representative  to  Washington  \  been   held 


their  clients  when  lo  buy  for  a  rise  and  when  to  anticipate  a 
fall.  Of  course,  in  many  cases,  the  fact  that  their  clients  fol- 
low the  advice  given  them  brings  about  some  fulfillment  of 
the  prediction,  which  redounds  to  the  credit  of  the  prophets. 
Some  recent  heavy  speculative  purchasers  of  silver  in  London 
have  passed  on  this  kind  of  advice,  and  it  is  said  also  that  the 
failure  of  last  month's  full  in  exchange  to  bring  out  gold  on 
the  Indian  bazaars  was  due  to  a  similar  cause. 

It  probable,  however,  that  the  sidereal  aspect  of 
e  matter  is  subsidiary  to  the  coarser  law  of  supply, 
1  demand. 


to  secure  information,  who  met  with  considerable  op- 
position in  some  unexpected  quarters,  notably  the 
office  of  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land  Office, 
whose  subordinates  seemed  to  think  they  were  em- 
ployed jolely  by  the  railroad  company  till  they  were 
shown  otherwise. 

'  Nearly  ei'ery  newspaper  in  the  State  published  in 
a- mining   community   copied   the   articles   from   the 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  the  city  dailies   took 
the  matter  up,  the  committee  worked  unremittingly, 
and  a  degree  of  publicity  was  given  that  was  fatal  to 
the  secret  scheme   for  success   relied   upon   by   the 
corporation  that  was  trying  to   absorb   so   much  of 
the  public  domain.     The  committee  issued  an  appeal 
for  pecuniary  help  that  was  responded  to  from  many 
parts  of  the  State,  though  not  as  widely  nor  as  freely 
as  was  hoped  from  the  13,000  miners  of   the  State, 
every  one  on  the   committee   working   without  pay; 
and  as  fast  as  the  location  of  the  lands  could   be  as- 
certained, specified  protests  against  the  issuance  of 
patent  were  forwarded  to  Washington  accompanied 
by  such  statement  of  facts  and  figures  as  made  out  a 
strong  case    for   the   miner.     With   one  exception, 
the  entire  California  Congressional  delegation   aided 
materially  in  this  case  of  the  commonwealth  vs.    the 
corporation  and  helped  in  the  securing  au  order  from 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  postponing  issuance  of 
patent   for    "clear    list    54"    pending   publication, 
which  is  now  being  made  in  the  Monday  issue  of  the 
Sacramento  Record- Union,     This  list   shows   that   in- 
evident  defiance  of  all  the   legal   requirements,  min- 
eral land,  Which  by   the   express   provisions   of   the 
law  was  exempted,  is  included,    the   railroad   selec- 
tions taking  in  some  of  the  oldest  mining   towns  and 
the  best  knbwn  and  longest   located   gold   claims,  it 
being    solemnly  averred   that  a    section    of     "  the 
Mother   Lode;"   such   towns   as   Kelsey,    Gold   Hill, 
Union  Town,  Forest  Hill,  Gold  Run,  Towles,  Colfax; 
such  mines  as  the.  Mayflower   and   West   Damascus; 
such  streams  as  Deer  creek,  Wolf  creek.  North   and 
South  Forks  of  the  American  river,  Otter   and   Can- 
yon creeks;  such  peaks  as  McKinstry's  and  Lola;  such 
lakes  as  Eureka  and  Meadow  lake,"  are  all — accord- 
ing to  "  clear  list  54  " — "  agricultural  land." 

Following  the  order  for  the  publication  of  this  list 
came  withdrawal  of  list  22  in  the  Los  Angeles  dis- 
trict and  list  25  in  the  Redding  and  Marvsville  dis- 
tricts, and  a  general  suspension  of  Government  haste 
in  the  matter  showed  that  the  Commissioner  of  the 
General  Land  Office  was  not  the  sole  arbiter  in  the 
matter  as  he  assumed  to  be  at  the  outset  when  he 
refused  access  to  public  records  in  his  office. 

A  similar  effort  to  absorb  fifteen  townships  in  Trin- 
ity, Shasta  and  Siskiyou  Cos.,  by  technical  compli- 
ance with  the"  letter  of  the  law  in  inserting  a  brief 
notice  in  the  Scott's  Valley  News,  was  also  discov- 
ered and  ventilated,  and  so  far  the  effort  has  been 
checked.  Minersin  various  counties  have  also  been 
active  in  making  individual  protests  at  the  Land  Of- 
fices, in  addition  to  the  general  protests  on  the  part 
of  the  committee,  and  such  general  vigilauce  exer- 
cised as  to  bring  to  a  standstill  the  governmental 
railroad  machinery  that  was  so  rapidly  placing  the 
land  in  question  in  such  shape  that  miners  and  pros- 
pectors would  have  to  acquire  title  to  that  part  of 
the  public  domain  from  the  railroad  company. 

In  all  this  there  has  been  no  petty  hostility   or  ef- 
fort at  annoyance  or   desire    to    withhold  any   one's, 
just  right.     It  is  recognized  that   the  railroad  com- 
pany have  certain  rights  to  certain   lands;   in  these 
rights  the  company   deserves   and   should   have  the 
same  exercise  of  justice   as   any  other   citizens;  no 
more,  no  less;  all  the  miners  ask  is  that  their  rights 
be  not  interfered   with,   and    being   crowded   pretty 
close,  they  are  making  a   determined    right.     Some- 
times peace  is  so  valuable  that  men    must   tight  for 
peace.     So  in  the  present   instance.     There    isn't   a 
miner  in  the'State  who  wauts  to  see  the   S,    P,    Co., 
or  the  C.  P.  Co.,  or  any  other  company,   railroad   or 
otherwise,  beat  out  of  an  acre  rightfully  theirs;  but 
in    assumiug    that    mineral    land    is    "agricultural 
land,"  and  trying  to  grab  mining  claims  and  mining 
towns,  the  corporation  has  evoked  a  spirit  of  deter- 
mined resistance  that  asks  only  for  justice;  for  what 
is  right  and  lawful;  and  that  has  no  apology  to  make 
for  being  right,  but  says  "  Hands   off.    or   take   the 
consequences.'    Tt  is  to  be  noted  that  several  thou- 
sand acres  in  this  State,  avowedly  mineral  land,  has 
by  the  railroad   company   under  agricul- 
tural patents,  and   that   the   miner   has    been  com- 
pelled to  secure  title  to  such  land  from  the  railroad 
people,  this,  as  other   things,    in   contravention   to 
anything  contemplated  by  law. 

From  the  start,  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press 
has  also  directed  attention  to  one  fact  which  at  any 
stage  of  the  conflict,  or  in  the  absence  of  any  con- 
flict, should,  not;  be   overlooked — for  every  reason  it 


April  6,  1890. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


2ll 


is  well  if  at  all  practicable  for  every  miner  or  claim 
owDcr  to  get  a  U.  S.  patent  for  it;  then  if  he  wants 
to  hold  it,  no  man  or  men  can  bother  him;  and  if  he 
wants  to  sell  it,  nothing,  not  even  the  value  of  the 
gold  in  it,  will  help  the  sale  so  much  as  to  be  able  to 
say,  "I  have  a  LT.  S.  patent  for  this."  Mine  buyers 
like  nothing  better  than  a  clear  title:  they  dread 
nothing  so  much  as  a  lawsuit. 

Meanwhile,  to  return  to  the  subject,  the  work 
goes  on.  The  executive  committee  of  the  California 
Miners'  Association  met  last  Tuesday  night  and  de- 
cided to  send  A.  H.  Ricketts,  the  chairman  of  the 
mineral  land  committee,  to  Washington  to  person- 
ally see  the  President  of  the  United  States,  the  Sec- 
retary of  the  Interior,  the  Commissioner  of  the  Gen- 
eral Land  Office,  and  make  such  showing  as  will  be 
fully  explanatory  of  the  justice  of  the  position  as- 
sumed by  the  miners  of  California  and  endeavor  to 
secure  suspension  of  all  proceedings  in  patenting 
public  lands  within  railroad  grant  limits  in  this  State 
till  Congress  meets  next  December  and  can  take  ac- 
tion on  the  classification  bill  introduced  in  the  clos- 
ing weeks  of  the  53rd  Congress.  Mr.  Ricketts 
leaves  next  Tuesday  and  will  he  absent  several 
creeks.  

Mr.  Henry  T.  Scott,  of  the  Uniou  Iron  Works, 
president  of  the  Manufacturers'  Association,  in  an 
interview  in  last  Tuesday's  Examiner,  says,  some 
things  that  are  strictly  business  and  strictly  -true. 
For  instance  :  ''We  should  cultivate  the  Chicago 
spirit— the  spirit  that  fills  the  people  of  that  city 
with  the  belief  that  anything  made  in  Chicago  "is 
better  than  the  same  thing  made  anywhere  else.  It 
has  been  the  habit  here  to  believe  that  nothing  could 
be  really  good  unless  it  were  made  at  a  long  distance 
from  our  homes."  Mr.  Scott  characterizes  it  as  a 
"habit."  That's  just  what  it  is.  That  habit  per- 
vades all  our  people,  urban  and  rural,  and  not  till 
its  tendency  is  more  clearly  realized  will  the  busiuess 
pendulum  start  to  swing  the  other  way. 


Concentrates. 


In  happy  contrast  to  the  whimpering  pessimism  of 
some  publications,  the  Engineering  Magazine,  m  its 
current  number,  devotes  a  page  of  its  advertising 
space  to  a  sworn  statement  of  its  business,  signed 
by  its  manager,  in  which  it  appears  that  in  the  month 
from  January  10th  to  February  10th,  '95,  there  were 
received  952  new  regular  cash-paying  subscribers, 
and  that,  in  addition  to  all  current  renewals  and 
transient  orders  for  advertising,  there  were  received 
during  January  advertising  contracts  aggregating 
$2888.  The  statement  has  every  appearance  of 
truth,  and  is  a  good  index  to  improved  conditions  in 
the  industrial  world,  in  many  branches  of  which  the 
Engineering  Magazine  is  an  able  exponent  and  im- 
partial review. 

Regarding  the  enormous  demand  for  mining  ma- 
chinery in  South  Africa,  a  Johannesburg  correspond- 
ent of  Machinery  (published  in  London)  estimates  that 
within  a  short  time  1000  additional  stamps  "of  heavy 
and  improved  type  "  will  be  working.  In  some  of  the 
deeper  mines  the  number  of  stamps  required  is  esti- 
mated as  follows :  Geldenhuis  200  stamps,  Nourse 
150,  Crown  250,  Langlaagte  250,  Rose  150,  Robinson 
150,  Village  Main  Reef  100  and  Simmer  and  Jack  250. 

The  Sacramento  Record-  Union  sensibly  and  justly 
opposes  what  is  usually  known  as  a  "write-up." 
The  "  write-up"  was  done  to  death  years  ago,  and  is 
valueless.  Its  appearance  is  detrimental  to  what- 
ever is  "  written-up,"  and  the  money  paid  is  worse 
than  wasted.  The  paid  "  write-up  "  should  go  with 
the  "coupon,"  "premiums,"  and  other  journalistic 
attachments. 

J.  S.  Leeds,  manager  of  the  Traffic  Association 
of  San  Francisco,  has  resigned  his  $10,000  position, 
saying  that  it  no  longer  has  need  of  his  services,  and 
returns  to  his  home  near  Cincinnati,  O. 


Hon.  James  G.  Grant,  formerly  Governor  of  Colo- 
rado, and  now  one  of  its  foremost  mining  and  smelt- 
ing men,  has  been  selected  as  chairman  of  the  Ex- 
position of  Mining  at  Denver  in  1896. 


A  new  coal  mine  has  been  discovered  within  seven 
miles  of  -San  Bernardino.  The  vein  is  twenty-inches 
wide  and  runs  for  miles.  A  company  is  forming  to 
open  up  the  find. 


-NtvAiiA  people  fear  that  the  Canon  shortage  may  shut 
down  the  mint. 

The  Horn  Silver,  Utah,  mine  paid  a  12%-cent  quarterly 
dividend  last  Monday, 

The  Blue  Bolls,  during  the  past  90  days,  has  shipped  B00Q 
tons  of  ore  to  the  Pilot  Buy  smelter.  Besides  silver  it  is  said 
toean-y  I1.;  percent  in  nickel. 

The  Blue  Mountain  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  at 
Haines,  Oregon.  Capital  stoek,  $200,000;  incorporators,  D. 
Wilcox,  tl.  EL  Taney,  C.  F.  Hill. 

Tm:  /.>  ttgt  r  asserts  that  S.  W.  Bright  has  arranged  the  sale 
of  the  Bellwether  mine  in  Jackson  district,  Amador  Co.,  to 
New  York  capitalists  for  $110,000. 

By  an  adverse  majority  of  59,  Grass  Valley  citizens  decided 
last  Tuesday  that  they  did  not  want  to  bond  the  city  for  $50,- 
000  for  forty  years  to  build  sewers. 

Tiie  action  of  Samuel  W.  Allerton,  of  Chicago,  against  the 
Homestead  Mining  Company,  in  South  Dakota,  to  recover 
$200,000,  has  been  dismissed. 

A  petition  has  been  tiled  by  the  stockholders  of  the  Linder- 
axa  Mining  Company  for  the  removal  of  the  principal  place  of 
business  from  Mokelumne  Hill  to  Berkeley. 

The  Debris  Commission  last  Monday  granted  hydraulic  per- 
mits to  the  Mooney  placer  mine,  the  Black  bock  mine,  near 
Placerville,  and  the  Grizzly  Plat  mine  in  El  Dorado  county. 

Mits.  Price's  interest  in  the  Colorado  mine,  Minas  Prietas, 
Mexico,  is  reported  sold  to  the  Chamberlin  interest  for  two 
million  dollars,  and  J.  N.  Jones  will  be  manager  of  the  prop- 
erty. 

At  Pilot  Bay  the  smelter  is  shipping  a  carload  of  bullion  a 
day.  The  ore  treated  is  chiefly  from  the  Bluebell  mine  on  the 
shores  of  Kootenai  lake.  Thirty-five  men  are  at  work  in  the 
mine. 

TnE  Apex-Alhambra  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  at 
Salt  Lake  with  capital  stock  $27,000.  The  company  owns  the 
Apex,  King  Solomon  and  Alhambra  mining  claims  in  Millard 
county. 

The  Nevada  Herald  learns  that  the  Badger  Hill  Mining  Co. 
are  negotiating  the  sale  of  their  property  to  Grass  Valleyans. 
The  mine  is  looking  well,  and  is  considered  a  valuable 
property. 

Professor  Blivens  of  Okanogan,  Wash.,  says  that  his  new 
process  is  now  entirely  covered  by  caveats  and  patents,  and 
that  it  will  be  impossible  for  any  one  to  infringe  on  his  valu- 
able rights. 

Leigh  Harnett,  who  has  been  investigating  the  mineral 
resources  of  Josephine  county,  Oregon,  says  there  are  between 
sixty  and  seventy  placer  mines  in  full  operation  there,  with 
more  to  be  opened  soon. 

The  Mariposa  Power  and  Mining  Company  has  incorporated. 
Directors— W.  B.  Lee,  P.  E.  Hentrich,  P.  T.  M.  Wate,  G.  E. 
French  and  J.  M.  Duncan.  Capital  stock,  $200,000,  of  which 
$500  has  been  subscribed. 

Alfred  L.  West  fell  from  a  skip  in  the  shaft  at  the  Golden 
Gate  mine  in  Sonora,  at  the  300  level,  last  Tuesday,  and  was 
instantly  killed.  His  body  was  found  between  the  400  and 
500  levels,  his  head  being  crushed  to  a  jelly. 

The  brick  vault  at  the  Nevada  Reduction  Works,  near  Reno, 
in  which  quicksilver  and  other  articles  were  stored,  was  re- 
cently entered  by  burglars,  who  stole  twelve  flasks  of  quick- 
silver, containing  about  seventy-six  pounds  each. 

Cook  &  Bruen,  of  Denver,  have  bought  one-half  the  Yankee 
Pork,  Idaho,  mine,  and  expect  to  treat  the  ore  at  a  cost  of 
milling  not  to  exceed  $2.50  per  ton.  A  twenty-stamp  mill  will 
be  built  and  considerable  other  machinery  put  in.' 

The  Interior  Development  Company,  which  lately  purchased 
the  property  of  the  Amador  &  Sacramento  Canal  Co. ,  are  pre- 
paring to  reopen  the  old  Sebastopol  mining  ditch.  Two  thou- 
sand feet  of  twenty-inch  pipe  is  to  be  laid  across  Arkansas 
creek. 

Senator  Teller,  of  Colorado,  is  quite  proud  of  a  new  paper 
weight  which  has  been  given  to  him.  It  is  a  block  of  standard- 
fine  silver,  inscribed  "Sixteen  ounces  Colorado  silver,"  upon 
which  is  fixed  a  block  of  gold,  inscribed  "An  ounce  Arizona 
gold." 

R.  W.  Grayson  has  filed  a  protest  against  the  publication 
of  lists  of  proposed  railroad  land  grants  clear  listed  in  the  Red- 
ding and  Los  Angeles  land  offices,  showing  that  the  publica- 
tion of  the  lists  was  not  in  conformity  with  the  requirements 
of  the  department. 

C.  B.  Hoffman,  of  Montana,  is  either  a  very  lucky  or  a  very 
unlucky  man.  Last  spring  his  clothes  were  torn  off  of  him  by 
lightning,  at  the  Glengarry  mine.  Last  Wednesday  he  fell 
thirty-five  feet  down  the  Glengarry  shaft  and  came  up  unhurt 
except  a  few  scalp  wounds. 

The  Mining  Review  says  that  the  case  of  the  Rico-Aspen  vs. 
the  Enterprise  has  not  been  finally  decided,  but  that  the 
effect  of  the  recent  St.  Louis  ruling  was  simply  to  remand  it 
back  from  the  U.  S.  Court  of  Appeals  to  the  original  court  for 
further  hearing  upon  questions  of  fact. 

Gov.  Jones,  of  Nevada,  has  vetoed  Assembly  bill  95,  relating 
to  the  locating,  recording  and  working  of  mines,  on  the  ground 
that  its  provisions  in  making  new  and  unusual  requirements 
for  locating  lode  and  placer  claims  are  inconsistent  with  the 
mining  laws  of  the  United  States. 

The  English  quartz  mine,  near  Cherokee,  Nevada  Co.,  was 
bonded  last  Tuesday  to  John  M.  and  Fred  J  ■  Thomas,  of  Grass 
Valley.  A  mill  is  to  be  put  up  and  300  feet  of  new  flume  will 
be  built.  The  purchasers  intend  to  work  the  mine  thoroughly 
and  will  put  on  as  large  a  force  as  possible. 

The  cement  crushing  mill  at  the  Kate  Hays  mine,  French 
Corral,  is  to  be  moved  to  Badger  Hill,  near  Cherokee,  says 
the  Nevada  Transcript,  where  it  will  be  put  up  and  used  to 
crush  the  gravel  and  cement  found  in  the  Milton  Company's 
claim  at  that  place.  The  mill  will  be  erected  on  the  old 
Badger  Hill  claim. 

An  investigation  of  the  practical  value  in  gold  production  of 
the  black  sand  existing  along  the  coast  of  Washington  and 
Oregon  is  to  he  made  at  North  Head,  Wash.,  just  north  of  the 
Columbia  river,  under  the  direction  of  David  T.  Day,  chief  of 
the  division  of  mining  statistics  and  technology  of  the  United 
States  geological  survey. 

"After  a  fruitless  effort  to  make  their  scheme  a  success 
the  gold  miners  at  the  Ocean  House  beach  have  suspended  op- 
erations. The  dust  extracted  from  the  black  sand  does  not 
pay  more  than  fifteen  cents  per  ton,  according  to  their  calcu- 
lations.   The  machines  used  for  amalgamating  purposes  at  the 


scene  of  operations  have  all  stopped  canning*  as  the   best  ot 
themrannof  clear  more  than  ninetj  day-"    The 

above,   from  a  daily  paper,  is   the    latest    from    the  annual 
bonanza  discovered  in  that,  viciuin 

DutECTOR  Wolcott,  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  proposes 
to  place  Drs.  Becker  and  Pall  in  charge  ol  an  investigation  of 
the  coal  and  gold  resources  of  Alaska.  They  will  leave  Wash- 
ington next  month,    go  to  Silka  via  this  city,  thence  to  Kadik, 

Cook's  Inlet  and  L'nca  isiaud,  returning  about  August  1st, 

Tin:  Gertrude  Gold  Mining  Company  incorporated  at  Spo- 
kane, Wash.,  is  capitalized  at  half  a  million  dollars:  purpose  to 
own  and  operate  mining  properties  in  the  United  States  and 
British  Columbia,  together  with  mills,  smelters,  concentra- 
tors, etc.  The  trustees  are  C.  P.  Oudin.  A.  Beainer,  A.  B. 
Raillou,  F.  D.  Gibbs  and  F.  W.  Gibbs. 

A  man  named  David  Crisman  was  found  in  an  abandoned 
tunnel,  near  Wiunemucca,  Nevada,  last  Sunday,  nearly  dead 
from  starvation  He  claimed  to  have  been  in  the  tunnel  a 
month  without  food,  and  nothing  but  snow  water  to  drink. 
When  taken  to  Winnemucca  and  placed  in  the  hospital,  he  had 
wasted  away  to  skin  and  bones,  and  it  was  doubtful  whether 
he  would  live. 

Captain  Parker  believes  that  the  plan  which  he  originated 
sometime  since,  of  dredging  the  rivers  and  bays  of  Coos 
county  for  deposits  of  gold-bearing  black  sand,  is  feasible. 
While  on  Coos  bay  he  informed  the  News  that  he  will  visit 
that  place  in  the  near  future.  He  has  perfected  a  machine 
which  will  handle  2000  tons  of  sand  per  day  with  a  working 
force  of  only  three  men. 

The  new  DeLamar,  Nevada,  mill  started  up  last  Tuesday. 
A  lUO-horse  power  electric  hoisting  plant  has  been  ordered  by 
Captain  DeLamar  for  the  DeLamar  Company.  The  cars  in 
the  tunnels  will  also  be  operated  by  electric  power.  About 
300  feet  east  of  the  mill  a  tunnel  has  been  started  to  tap  the 
mines  of  the  DeLamar  Company,  at  a  greater  depth  than  any 
of  the  present  workings. 

Leaving  out  the  islands,  the  central  point  of  the  North 
American  continent  is  in  longitude  110  deg.  17  min.  West,  and 
latitude  40  deg.  30  min.,  or  in  the  neighborhood  of  Elko,  Elko 
couuty,  Nevada.  Including  all  Uncle- Sam's  dominions,  the  - 
centratpoint  between  Eastport,  Maine,  and  Attou,  Alaska, 
would  be  in  the  Pacific  ocean,  about  34  miles  due  west  of  the 
mouth  of  the  Columbia  river. 

W.  T.  Hart,  a  Montana  representative  of  capitalists,  has 
bonded  property  iu  the  Slate  Creek,  Wash  ,  district  covering 
several  groups  of  mines,  for  an  amount  aggregating  $500,000. 
Forty  men  went  to  work  developing  the  property  last  week. 
Thirteen  tons  of  steel  tools  form  part  of  the  outfit.  The  men 
will  have  hard  sledding  for  a  while,  as  there  was  fifteen  feet 
feet  of  snow  on  the  claims  a  month  ago. 

The  contract  for  the  construction  of  the  Parrot  Mining  Com- 
pany's ditch  has  been  let  by  the  Parrot  Company  to  Winters, 
Parsons  &  Boomer  of  Butte,  Montana.  The  ditch  will  be  IS 
miles  in  length,  from  15  to  30  feet  wide  and  5  feet  deep.  It  is 
for  the  purpose  of  conveying  water  from  the  Jefferson  river  to 
the  site  of  the  new  smelter  to  be  erected  by  the  Parrot  Corn- 
Company  five  miles  from  Whitehall  iu  a  few  months.  - 

The  Baker  City,  Or.,  Democrat  says  most  of  the  old  miners 
around  there  who  have  been  holding  onto  their  properties  for 
years  expecting  to  become  millionaires  seem  to  have  come  to 
the  conclusion  that  to  bond  some  of  their  prospects  and  have 
them  developed  would  be  a  pretty  good  idea.  There  are  too 
many  mines  lying  idle  these  days  on  account  of  their  being 
held  and  owned  by  parties  who  expect  to  make  sales  and  make 
money  without  working  for  it. 

Sam'l  MoIntyre,  in  his  report  to  the  directors  of  the  Mam- 
moth Mining  Co.,  of  Utah,  charges  some  of  the  officers  of  the 
company  with  complicity  in  an  alleged  over-disbursement  of 
$127,521.20.  He  says  $34,888.15  more  than  was  necessary  was 
spent  for  the  new  mill,  and  that  jaearly  $SO,000  was  lost  in  the 
treatment  of  ores.  The  officers  censured  say  that  his  figures 
are  made  up  almost  wholly  from  erroneous  estimates  and  that 
his  allegations  have  no  foundation  in  fact. 

The  Supreme  Court  has  decided  the  case  of  Alvord  etal  vs. 
the  Spring  Valley  G.  M.  Co.,  reversing  the  decision  of  the 
lower  court  from  which  appeal  was  taken.  The  gravel  mine  at 
Cherokee,  Butte  Co.,  was  the  property  in  dispute.  When  the 
bondholders  started  to  foreclose  the  mortgage  given  in  '81, 
other  creditors  of  the  mine — the  Bank  of  California,  N.  D. 
Rideout  and  C.  Waldeyer— intervened,  claiming  that  the 
mortgage  was  illegal,  not  having  been  authorized  by  two- 
thirds  of  the  stockholders  of  the  then  New  York  corporation. 
Judge  Prewett  in  the  Superior  Court  decided  that  such  view 
was  correct;  that  the  mortgage  was  not  technically  flawless. . 
The  Supreme  Court  now  reverses  that  decision  and  sustains 
the  legality  of  the  bond  issue,  and  the  execution  of  the  mort- 
gage. 

Montana  prospectors  who  locate  claims  after  July  1st  in 
that  State  should  remember  that  to  make  a  new  quartz  loca- 
tion after  that  date  the  prospector  must  sink  a  hole  at  least 
ten  feet  deep  to  solid  formation,  must  have  at  least  one  well- 
defined  wall,  and  the  stakes  must  be  placed  so  they  can  be 
found.  Under  the  new  law  the  notice  of  location  cannot  be 
placed  on  a  stump  or  a  tree  adjacent  to  the  claim,  but  must  be 
posted  in  a  conspicuous  place  at  the  discovery  shaft.  He  is  al- 
lowed ninety  days  to  sink  the  required  depth  and  record  the 
claim.  If  an  eld  claim  is  relocated,  he  is  required  to  sink  it  at 
least  ten  feet  deeper  than  when  he  first  found  it,  and  stake 
and  veloeate  it  as  though  it  was  an  original  discovery.  If  he 
runs -a  tunnel  it  must  be  at  least  ten  feet  long,  so  as  to  deter- 
mine the  fact  that  a  vein  supposed  to  carry  precious  metals 
has  been  discovered. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Executive  Commitee  of  the  California 
Miners'  Association  last  Tuesday  evening  in  this  city,  the 
San  Francisco  Board  of  Trade  handed  in  its  check  for  $1000  as 
its  first  contribution  to  aid  in  protecting  the  mining  interests 
of  the  State.  A  resolution  was  adopted  looking  to  the  ap- 
pointment of  an  agent  at  each  mining  town  in  the  State  to  is- 
sue certificates  of  membership  on  the  paymentof  $5.  A  motion 
was  adopted  that  an  assessment  be  levied  on  the  county  asso- 
ciations equivalent  to  fifty  cents  a  member,  the  amounts  al- 
ready contributed  to  be  credited  thereon.  The -sum  of  $2000 
was  voted  for  the  expenses  of  Mr.  Ricketts'  trip  to  Washing- 
ton. It  was  ordered  that  a  financial  statement  be  prepared, 
showing  receipts  and  disbursements  of  the  association  to  date. 
Mr.  A.  H.  Ricketts  was  appointed  to  proceed  to  Washington, 
visit  the  heads  of  departments,  the  President  and  others,  and 
make  such  a  showing  of  the.factsin.the  case  as  would  aid  in 
preserving  the  mineral  lands  of  the  State  from  absorption  by 
railroad  corporations. 


212 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  II.  1895. 


Electric   Power  Transmission. 


{<'■ 


itiieludeil  from  Inxf  inane) 
The  line  has  given  no  trouble  whatsoever,  and  has 
carried  the  high  potential  of  3000  volts  without  a 
leak,  even  during  a  severe  storm  of  ten  hours'  dura- 
tion, the  rain  changing  to  sleet  and  ice  toward  the 
end;  but  the  severe  test,  it  must  be  admitted, 
occurred  after  the  wire  had  been  wrapped  at  the  in- 
sulators as  described.  In  fact,  one  of  the  chief 
objects  of  this  insulation  was  to  render  the  line  proof 


POLE    NO.    40  : 
.  (Wire  is  i7  ft.  abov 


401)0     I'liBT     FROM     M  IE  L 
i  ground  at  pole;  snow  15  ft.  deep.) 


which,  being  connected  in  series,  produce  a  rotating 
magnetic  field,  in  which  each  pole  is  alternately  posi- 
tive and  negative.    The  starting- torque  of  the  arma- 
ture is,  in  consequence,  very 
low,    and   it  has   to    receive 
several  rapid  turns  by  hand 
before  putting  on   the   cur- 
rent, after  which  it  generally 
runs    up    to    normal    speed 
(1660    revolutions)    within   a 
minute.   In  the  switch-board, 

as     shown 

herewith, 

the.    two 

plugs  in  the 

sockets     on 

the  right  of 

the    board 

are  the  line- 
plugs,      and 

the    two    to 

the    left    of 

them,     i  n 

their     rests, 

a  r  o      t  h  e 

start!  ri  g- 

molor  plugs. 

W  hen    the 

1 j  n e -p 1 u g s 

are.  .in  ;their 

sockets     the 

curre-n  t— is 

led  directly 
to  the  top  of  the  upper  jaw- 
switch,  and  this  switch  is 
never  closed  until  trie -ma?-' 
chines  are  in  synchronism. 
The  wires  from  the  bottom 
of  this  .switch  .lead  directly 
to  the  collector-rings  on  the 
armature-ghaft  of  the  motor". 
In  the  upper  right-hand  of 


i  rings  on  the  armature-shaft  to  the  bottom  of  the 
i  upper  jaw -switch;  it  being  understood  that  the 
1  motor  acts  as  a  generator  when  being  driven  by  the 


the  board  is  the  Wurts  light? 


against  just  such  a  storm  as  this.'  Snow-storms 
have  no  effect  whatever,  as  will  be  observed  by 
reference  to  the  illustration  "  Pole  No.  40."   ...     . 

The  motor  that  drives  the  stamp  mill  of  the 
Standard  Consolidated  Mining  Company  at  Bbdie  is 
an  A.  C.  synchronous  constant-potential  machine  of 
120-horse  power,  illustrated  below  in  operation.  The 
mill  contains  twenty  750-pound  stamps,  four'  wide- 
belt  (6-ft.)  Prue  vanners,  eight  continuous-process 
amalgamating  pans   (two   of   which   are   constantly 

grinding),  three  settlers,  one  agitator,  one  pan  and  I  jiing-arrester,.-  consisting;  of 
settler  devoted  to  the  amalgamation  of  concentrates,  j  22  spools,  -11  oh  aside,-sepa 
a  bucket  elevator,  a  worm-gear  hoist,  and  a  rock- 
crusher.  In  order  to  determine  accurately  the 
capacity  of  motor  required,  a  number  of  cards  were 
taken  with  the  Tabor  indicator  from  the  20  by  36- 
inch  steam  engine  that  drove  the  mill,  showing  an 
average  of  90  and  a  maximum  of  101 J -horse  power. 

The  fields  of  the  motor  are  self-exciting  through  a 
secondary  winding  on  the  teeth  of  .the  armature,  the 
current  being  led  to  a  twelve-bar  commutator  simi- 
lar to  that  on  the  generator.  In  fact,  the  motor  is 
almost  identical  with  the  generator,  the  chief  differ- 
ence being  in  the  compensating-winding  on  the  field- 
bobbins  of  the  latter. 

On  the  armature  shaft  of  the  motor  is  a  friction- 
wheel,  and  beyond  this  a  clutch,  which  is  used  to  set 
in  motion  the  driving-pulley  and  the  machinery  of  j 
the  mill.  On  the  same  bed  plate  with  the  motor  is  al 
small  10-horse  power  Tesla  starting-motor" with  a  i 
wooden  pulley  on  its  shaft,  that  is  brought  to  bear' 
against  the  friction-wheel  mentioned,  by  means  of  a  i 
screw  and  hand-wheel.     This   Tesla   motor   consists  ' 


rated  each  by  a  distance  of 
rj2  inch.  -Both  legs  of  the 
wire-line  are  attached  to  the 
arreSter,  one  on  each  side  at 
the.  top,  while  the  ground- 
wire  leads  from  the  bottom 
spools  to  a  water  pipe  in  the 
earth.  The  spools  are  made 
of  a  patent  non-arcing  metal, 
and  the  dynamo  current  will 
therefore aot  follow  the  path 
through  them  made  by  a 
discharge  of  high  -  tension 
atmospheric  electricity.  The 
properties  of  this  alloy  are 
such  that  .  oxides  of  the 
metals  are  generated  by  the 
passage  of  lightning  and  not 
vapor    of    the    metal  itself. 

To' the  left  of  this  instrument" are  two  converters 
of  the  ratio  of  30  to  one,  filled  with  paraffine  oil.    The 


1 


MOTOR     TN     OPERATION,     STANDARD    CONS.     MILL. 


simply  of  field-coils  and  an  armature;  it  has  neither 
brushes,  nor  commutator,  nor -sliding  contacts. of 
any  kind.  The  alternating  current  is  led  directly 
into  the  fields,   the  stationary  element,  the  coils  of 


primary  coil  of  the  right-hand  one  is  connected  to 
the  main  line  just  above  the  plug-sockets,  and  that 
of  the  left-hand'converter  is  connected  to  the  motor- 
circuit,  i.  e. ,  the  wires  reading   from   the   collector- 


MOTOR    SWiTCH  -  BOARD. 

starting-motor.  To  start  the  motor  requires  two 
men,  one  to  handle  the  starting-motor  anil  the  other 
at  the  switch-board.  The  line- 
plugs  are  put  in,  which  leads  the 
main  current  to  the  top  of  the 
synchronizing  -  switch,  and  the 
lower  jaw-switch  is  thrown  in. 
which  closes  the  field-circuit,  of 
the  motor,  and  the  secondary  of 
the  main-line  or  generator  con- 
verter, thereby  lighting  the 
upper  lamp  of  the  synchronizer. 
The  armature,  of  the  starting- 
motor  is  turned  a  few  times  by 
hand,  and  the  two  left-hand, 
plugs  are  then  pushed  into  their 
sockets,  leading  the  current  from 
the-  main  line  to  the  fields  of  this 
motor. 

As  soon  as  the  armature  is 
above  speed,  about  two-thirds  of 
the  rheostat  is  thrown  out,  per- 
mitting 4(1  or  50  amperes  of  cur- 
rent to  flow,  and  the  lower  lamp 
of  the  synchronizer  to  burn.  The 
pushing  onto  its  button  of  the 
little  switch  on  the  bottom  of  the 
synchronizer  now  connects  the 
two  central  lamps  in  series  with 
the  motor  and  generator  cur- 
rents, and  they  begin  to  flash  in 
accordance  with  the  phases,  and 
therefore  the  speeds,  of  the  two 
machines.  As  the  speed  of  the 
motor  approaches  that  of  the 
generator,  the  wave-phases  come 
nearer  coincidence,  and  these 
lamps  brighten  and  darken 
almost  simultaneously. 

The  attendant  stands  with  one 
hand  on  the  rheostat  and  the 
other  on  the  open  jaw-switch,  watching  these  waves 
of  light  intently,  and  just  as  the  two  lamps  darken 
in  unison,  he  throws  in  the  switch  and  pulls  one  of 
the  starting-motor  plugs.     The   lamps   only   remain. 


April  6    18.95. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


218 


"  oul  "  for  a  ivhile   the   sp  ed 

ben  Bash  up  brightly  again  as  th>- 
motor  speed  drops  off;  there  is  therefore  but  a  frac- 
tion of  a  second  during  which  the  jaw-switch  should 
be  closed,  though  the  time  can  be  lengthened 
slightly  by  a  proper  handling  of  the  starting  motor. 

If  this  switch   has  been   thrown   in   at   the   right 
moment,  the  series  lights   remain    "out,"    while   the 
top  and  bottom,  or      pilot"    lights,    burn    brigl 
and  so  continue  all   the   while   the   machines   are   in 
operation. 

The  entire  operation  of  starting  up  the  motor 

fr o  state   of   resl    occupies   from    three   to   live 

minutes,  and  when  once  in  synchronism,    the   clutch 
can  be  thrown  in  and  the  mill  shafting  brought   to 

normal  speed  in  from  one  to  two  minutes  more,  after 
which  the  load  may  be  thrown  on  as  fast  as  desired 
without  the  leasl  danger  of  pulling  the  motor  oul  ol 
synchronism.  The  clutch  is  always  thrown  in  slowly 
ii  order  to  prevenl  too  heavy  a  flow  of  current,  and 
consequent  sparking  of  the  commutator  brushes. 

By  means  of  a  single  counter-shaft,  lilted  with 
self-oiling  boxes,  the  mgb  speed  of  the  motor,  860 
revolutions,  is  reduced  to  the  necessary  80  revolu- 
tions of  the  battery  line  shaft,  the  reductions  being 
2  ft.  to  8  ft.,  and  3  ft.  to  8  ft.  Light  steel-rim 
balanced  pulleys  arc  used,  and  an  endless  lii-in. 
double  leather  bell  runs  from  the  motor  to  the  first 
8-ft.  pulley.  The  speed  of  this  belt  is  541)0  ft,  per 
minute,  and  it  is  kept  tight  by  levers  which,  acting 
through  screws,  move  the  entire'  motor  and  its  bed- 
plate along  four  grooved,  east-iron  slides. 

The  motor  is  separated  from  the  underlying  brick 
foundation  by  means  of  8  by  10-in.  timbers,  which 
are  bolted  to  the  latter  and  covered  by  three  layers 
of  1-in.  board-;  and  to  this  wood  insulation  the  slides 
referred  to  are  fastened  by  lag-screws  that  pass 
through  the  boards  into  the  timbers.  The  generator 
is  insulated  from  the  I-beams  that  carry  both  it  and 
the  water  wheels,  by  timbers  5 i  in.  thick,  to  which 
it  is  likewise  secured  by  lay-screws. 

The  mill  and  offices,  of  the  company  are  lit  by  100- 
volt  incandescent  lamps,  taking  current  from  a 
large  100-light  converter,  ratio  30  to  1,  which  is 
attached  to  the  main  line  in  the  motor-room,  before 
it  reaches  the  switch-board.  The  light  is  very  satis- 
factory, even  to  read  or  write  by,  although  at  times 
the  lamps  flicker  slightly,  due  to  changes  of  load. 

The  entire  cost  of  this  plant  did  not  exceed  $40,- 
000  Its  operation  during  the  month  of  October, 
ISO:;,  alone  effected  a  saving  of  $2100,  equivalent  to 
*1.  Hi  per  ton  of  ore  crushed,  and  reducing  the  total 
milling  cost  to  s'i.i-U  per  ton;  a  fairly  low  figure  for 
a  high-priced  camp  (wages  $4  per  day)  such  asBodie. 

The  plant  runs  smoothly,  and  demonstrates  the 
effectiveness  and  simplicity  of  the  single-phase  syn- 
chronous system  for  such  work  and  distances,  while 
the  daily  saving  over  the  use  of  steam,  on  twelve- 
hour  runs,  is  from  $35  to  $40. 

A  Mammoth  Coal-Mining  Plant. 

As  a  matter  of  indirect  interest  to  this  coast  it  is 
noted  that  the  Essen  Coal  Co. ,  of  Pittsburg,  have  just 
closed  a  contract  for  a  complete  electric  plant  for 
mining  and  hauling  the  coal  in  their  No.  2  and  No.  3 


:     ^m 

Characteristic    Features  of    California    Uold- 
Quartz   Veins. 


M  MHLI:    II. 


SO  H.    P.    ELECTRIC  LOCOMOTIVE. 

mines  at  Hazeltinc,  Pa.,  being  the  largest  plant  ever 
considered  for  bituminous  mines.  It  will  cost  $80,- 
000,  and  is  intended  to  produce  2400  tons  of  mine  run 
coal  per  day.     The  equipment  consists  of  000  H.  P. 


CHAIN    BREAST    MACHINE. 

in  boilers,  three  200  H.  P.  engines,  three  150  K.  W. 
dynamos,  two  80  H.  P.  locomotives,  station  equip- 
ment and  circuits,  and  sixteen  chain  breast  machines. 
The  electric  locomotives  and  breast  machines  are 
herewith  illustrated. 


.  Exports  of  mineral  oils  from  the  United  States 
for  February  were  60,639,190  gallons  of  a  value  of 
$3,161,396,  against  55,803,469  gallons  of  a  value  of 
$2,040,019  for  the  same  month  last  year. 


'  •    ■  ■         IS    il  In la   b)    H  u  ui    i  in 

LiKDGitBK,  Deoemuei'  30, 

Tin-  1 1  pical  gold-quartz  veins  cannot  be  considered 

as  anything  but  Assures  and  fractures  tilled  with 
quartz,  accompanied  by  small  amounts  of  native 
gold  and  metallic  sulphides.  Replacement  proper 
■  ii  the  minerals  of  the  country  rock  along  the  Assure 
by  quartz  1  have  never  been  able  to  observe,  and 
causes  supposed  to  be  of  such  nature  have  always 
proved  to  be  due  to  the  shattering  of  the  country 
rock  and  the  Oiling  of  it  by  silica  along  narrow 
tracks.  Tin-  clean  quartz  usually  forming  the  vein  I 
cannot  account  for  in  any  other  way  than  by  Idling 
of  cavities,  as  it  does  not  seem  possible  that  a  re- 
placement of  the  ferro-magnesian  silicates  and  other 
minerals  could  occur  without  leaving-  chloritic  stains 
or  other  signs  in  the  resulting  mass.  In  all  quartz 
(reins  of  this  type  it  seems  unavoidable  to  admit  the 
existence  of  open  spaces  along  the  vein,  supported 
at  frequent  intervals  by  the  contact  of  the  two  walls 
or  by  rock  fragments.  Even  the  heaviest  veins  show 
in  the  underground  workings  frequent  places  where 
the  walls  "shut  down."  Such  fillings  of  clean  quartz 
may  vary  in  width  from  a  few  inches  to  several  feet.' 
"  Horses,"  of  course,  frequently  appear  in  the  larger 
veins,  separating  them  in  two  or  more  parts.  .The 
heaviest  veins  appear  to  be  found  along  the  mother 
lode  in  Tuolumne  and  Mariposa  counties,  where  the 
clean  quartz  often  reaches  a  width  of  ten  to  fifteen 
feet,  and  in  isolated  cases  even  more.  This  extreme 
thickness  seldom  continues  for  any  great  distance. 
It  may  probably  be  safely  assumed  that  gold-quartz 
veins  of  this  type  cannot  be  formed  at  any  extreme 
depths  below  the  surface,  probably  not  below  10,000 
feet,  for  at  .such  depth  open  spaces  could  hardly 
exist.  These  very  large  fissure  veins  are,  however, 
not  very  abundant;  a  moderate  width  of  one  to  three 
feet  is  far  more  common.  In  many  cases, .  indeed, 
there  are  no  large  open  spaces  at  all,  but  a  network 
of  smaller  cracks  and  fractures  in  which  the  solu- 
tions deposited  their  contents.  - 

In  the  predominating  milky  white  quartz  of  the 
veins  but  few  other  gangue  minerals  are  found. 
Calcite,  more  rarely  magnesium  carbonate,  or  a 
mixture  of  both,  occur  occasionally,  but  always  in 
subordinate  quantities  and  usually  concentrated  near 
the  walls.  The  quartz  is  ordinarily  massive,  but  ex- 
cellent examples  of  Comb  structure  may  be  found. 
Barite  and  fluorite  are  conspicuously  absent.  A 
white  mica  with  pearly  luster  is  sometimes  found  in 
the  quartz  at  some  of  the  mines  along  the  mother 
lode,  and  a  green  potassium  mica,  colored  by 
chromium,  and  which  Professor  Sillman  has  called 
inariposite,  occurs  abundantly  in  places,  though 
usually  not  in  the  quartz  itself.  Roscoelite,  a  van- 
adium-potassium-mica, has  been  found  in  one  place, 
and  albite  occurs  in  isolated  cases.  Rhodonite  has 
been  found  in  Plumas  county.  Titanium  minerals, 
such  as  titanite,  ilmenite  and  anatase,  occur,  occa- 
sionally. 

The  native  gold  is  distributed  through  the  quartz 
gangue  in  an  irregular  manner.  The  particles  may 
be  of  microscopic  size,  or  coarser,  and  visible  to  the 
naked  eye  as  scales,  threads  and  smaller  masses. 
Occasionally  large,  pieces,  of  all  weights  up  to  fifty 
pounds  or  more,  will  be  found.  In  the  ores  from  the 
larger  mines  it  is,  however,  rare  to  find  the  gold 
visible  to  the  naked  eye.  The  gold  always  contains  a 
little  silver,  iu  rare  cases  as  much  as  thirty  per  cent; 

A  variable  but  always  comparatively  small  quan- 
tity of  metallic  minerals  accompanies  the  gold.  It 
varies  from  a  fraction  of  one  per  cent  to  five  Or  six 
per  cent,  but  ordinarily  makes  up  from  two  to  three 
per  cent  of  the  mass  of  the  quartz.  Sulphides  are 
most  common,  but  compounds  of  arsenic,  antimony 
and  tellurium  also  occur.  A  list  of  the  associated 
minerals  in  the  quartz  veins  would  include  the  fol- 
lowing species  : 


Iron  pyrites  (universally 
;  present). 

Pyrrhotite  (not  common). 
Copper  pyrites  (common). 
Zinkbtende  (common). 
Galena  (common). 
Molybdenite. 

Arsenical  pyrites  (common). 
Tetrahedrite. 


An timonal  lead  sulphides  (rare) 

Cinnabar  (rare).   . 

Tellurium  minerals— Hessite; 
Altaite,  Calarerif.e,"  Sylvan- 
ite,  Petzite,  Melonite  (fre- 
quent, in  small  quantities.) 

Nickel    and   cobalt    minerals 

.    (very  rare).  - 


Marcasite  is  noticably  absent  from  gold  deposits, 
as  noted  by  Mr.  Louis.  I  have  once  seen  it,  how- 
ever, from  a  mine  at  Grass  Valley. 

These  metallic  minerals,,  usually  referred  to  as 
"  sulphurets,"  contain  more  or  less  gold  and  silver 
and  are  frequently  very  rich,  the  concentrates  rang- 
ing from  thirty  to  several  hundred  dollars  per  ton. 

Bismuth  and  cadmium  have  been  found  in  small 
quantities  in  concentrates  from  the  Nevada  City 
mines,  the  former  also  in  Shasta  county.  Compounds 
of  tin,  wolframium,  uranium,  boron,  phosphorus  and 
fluorine  appear  to  be  entirely  absent.  Cuprite, 
bornite  and  chalcocite  are  also  lacking.  Cobalt  and 
nickel  minerals  are  occasionally  present.  Titanium 
occurs  sparingly. 

A  slight  influence  of  the  wall  rock  upon  the  char: 
acter  of  the  mineral  association  cannot  be  denied. 
It  appears  to  be  a  fact   that  veins   in  grauodiorite 


contain  more  sulphurets  than  those  in  other  rock's. 
Pyrrhotite  appears  to-be  entirely  confined  to  veins 

in  this  rock.  It  is  known  only  from  the  vicinity  of 
Washington,  in  Nevada  county,  Sonora.  in  Tuolumne 
county,  and  Westpoint,  in  Calaveras  county.  \  eins 
in  black  sedimentary  slate  or  on  the  contact  betwei 

greenstone  ami  slate  seldom  contain  much  besides 
iron  pyrites,  and  perhaps  arsenical  pyrites;  neither 
arc  veins  in  augite  -porphyrite  or  diabase  usually  rii  I' 
in  sulphurets,     Veins  in  gabbro  often  contain  copper. 

These  are  no  strict  rules,  however,  and  the  influence 
of  the  wall  rock  may,  on  the  whole,  be  considered  as 
remarkably  small. 

(  oild  is  universally  distributed  in  the  quartz  veins 
of  California.  The  definition  of  what  is  ore.  or  quartz 
paying  for  exploitation  and  metallurgic  treatment, 
will  necessarily  vary  at  different  times  and  in  differ- 
ent places.  Under  exceptional  circumstances,  rock 
containing  as  little  as  one  or  two  dollars  of  gold  to 
the  ton  will  pay.  In  the  deep  mines  the  tenor  of 
tin-  extracted  ore  is  usually  from  live  to  twenty 
dollars. 

in  wider  veins  a  small  streak  near  one  of  the  walls 
will  sometimes  contain  the  pay,  while  the  rest  is 
comparatively  barren.  Equal  distribution  of  value 
in  cross-section  is,  however,  common  enough.  Con- 
sidered in  projection  on  the  plane  of  the  vein,  there 
is  rarely  an  equal  distribution  of  the  gold  over  large 
surfaces.  The  richer  ore  is  concentrated  iu  bodies 
and  masses,  which  sometimes  may  be  wholly 
irregular,  but,  which  usually  show  more  or  less  reg- 
ular outlines.  These  richer  masses  are  called  chutes 
or  chimneys,  and  appear  on  the  plane  of  the  vein  in 
long-drawn  linear  or  elliptic  form,  with  a  dip  which 
usually  is  above  forty-five  degrees.  Plat  ore  chutes 
occur,  however,  as,  for  instance,  iu  the  Idaho  mine, 
G  rass  Valley.  Their  width  ranges  from  a  few  feet 
up  to  several  hundred,  and  their  length  may  exceed 
2000  feet.  It  is  not  uncommon  to  find  one  of  these 
ore  chutes  give  out  in  depth,  but  another  chute  will 
then  probably  be  found  in  some  place  below  it,  if  a 
thorough  exploration  is  carried  out.  It  is  a  prac- 
tical rule  in  many  districts,  and  oue  which  holds  good 
in  a  remarkable  number  of  cases,  that  the  chutes  dip 
to  the  left  when  one  is  standing  on  the  apex  and 
looking  down  along  the  clip.  The  explanation  of 
the  ore  chutes  is  difficult.  They  may,  as  P.  Posepny 
and  others  have  suggested,  simply  indicate  the  direc- 
tion of  least  resistance  for  the  gold-bearing  solu- 
tions. This  explanatiou  is  not  entirely  satisfactory, 
for  iu  the  intervals  between  the  chutes  it  is  by  no 
means  the  rule  to  find  the.  walls  shut  down  tight. 
On  the  contrary,  it  is  common  to  find  the  barren 
vein  between  them  as  wide,  if  not  wider,  than  the 
rich  vein  in  them.  An  increase  in  the  quantity  of 
the  sulphurets  always  accompanies  the  increase  of 
gold  in  the  ore  chutes. 

No  gradual  decrease  in  the  tenor  of  the  ore  takes 
place  with  increasing  depth;  ou  the  whole,  the  char- 
acter remains  constant.  Individual  ore  chutes  may 
be  exhausted,  but  others,  as  a  rule,  are  found  below 
them. 

;  Certain  veins  show  no  large  bodies  of  milling  ore 
at  all,  but  coarse  gold  concentrated  at  certain  points; 
such  deposits  are  called  "pocket  veins."  Small 
seams  may  sometimes  carry  a  surprisingly  large 
amount  of  gold.  Intersection  of  seams  or  veins 
often,  but  by  no  means  always,  produce  pockets  or 
ore  chutes. 

The  study  of  the  changes  and  alterations  which 
the  rocks  adjoining  the  fissures  have  undergone  is  a 
subject  of  the  highest  importance,  for  in  this  way  a 
closer  insight  into  the  genetic  processes  of  the  vein 
may  often  be  obtained. 

It  would  at  first  glance  seem  more  likely  that 
the  rock  in  the  vicinity  of  the  quartz-filled  veins 
would  have  undergone  a  silicification.  Such  is  not 
the  case.  Instead  of  silicification  there  is,  as  a  rule, 
a  most  marked,  carbonatization,  or  a  conversion  of 
the  country  rock  to  carbonates.  Most  intense  next 
to  the  vein,  the  alteration  gradually  decreases  at  a 
distance  from  it,  the  width  of  the  altered  zone  vary- 
ing according  to  the  width  of  the  vein.  The  carbon- 
ate zone,  surrounding  the  quartz  vein  on  both  sides, 
may  often  be  studied  to  great  advantage  in  small 
veinlets  cutting  through  hand  specimens. 
•  This  action  upon  the  adjoining  country  rock  is  in 
itself,  to  my  mind,  the  strongest  possible  evidence 
against  the  application  of  lateral  secretion  in  its 
narrower  sense  to  these  veins.  It  appears  to  com- 
pletely refute  the  theory  of  the  veins  being  formed 
by  percolating  surface  waters,  and  prove  the  ex- 
istence of  an  agency  active  in  the  fissures  and  grad- 
ually extending  outward. 

The  solutions  circulating  in  the  fissures  acted  with 
differeut  intensity  on  different  rocks.  Nearly  all 
igneous  rocks,  acid  or  basic,  are  profoundly  altered, 
the  latter  more  than  the  former,  and  serpentine 
more  than  any  other.  Only  extremely  silicious 
rocks,  and  especially  certain  carbonaceous  slates, 
appear  to  successfully  withstand  the  action  of  these 
solutions.  The  process  of  carbonatization  has  not  in 
all  cases  been  carried  out  to  its  full  extent;  iu  some 
veins  it  is  more  marked  than  in  others;  occasionally 
fresh  i-ock  may  lie  close  up  to  the  vein.  Crushing  of 
the  rock  next  to  the  vein  facilitates  the  process  and 
increases  the  width  of  the  altered  zone,  which  may 
vary  from  a  few  inches  up  to  twenty  feet,  and  even 
more    in    exceptional    cases.     With    all   variations, 


214 


sMmning  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  &,  1895. 


there  is  no  doubt  that  the  process  is  a   general   one, 
and  characteristic  for  the  type. 

The  result  of  the  process,  when  it  has  been  thor- 
oughly carried  out,  is  the  conversion  of  the  country 
rock  by  replacement  to  a  mixture  of  carbonates, 
white  potassium-micas  (sericite),  a  small  amount  of 
chloritic  minerals  and  residuary  quartz;  besides, 
there  is  always  a  large  amount  of  iron  pyrites, 
usually  more  than  in  the  vein.  Arsenical  pyrites  is 
also  frequently  present,  but  never,  as  far  as  I  know, 
any  other  sulphides  in  noticeable  amounts.  Calcium 
carbonate  usually  prevails,  but  the  carbonates  of 
magnesium,  iron  and  manganese,  are  also  present. 
According  to  numerous  analyses,  calcium  is  always 
added,  while  nearly  all  of  the  sodium  is  carried 
away.  The  potassium  of  the  orthoclase  remains 
transferred  to  the  sericite.  As  abundant  potassic 
micas  are  often  found  in  wall  rocks  originally  very 
poor  in  this  metal,  it  is  probable  that  some  potassium 
was  also  added.  In  silicious  rocks  the  quartz  is 
often  attacked,  but  never  completely  carried  away. 
The  iron  ores,  and  partly  also  the  bisilicates  of  the 
original  rock,  appear  to  have  been  converted  into 
pyrites,  while  the  titanium  in  it  was  transformed  to 
leucoxene. 

In  the  case  of  clean-cut  fissures,  with  well-defined 
quartz  veins,  it  is  usual  to  find  by  far  the  largest 
amount  of  gold  in  the  quartz  and  in  the  sulphides 
associated  with  it.  The  altered  country  rnck  is-  not 
entirely  barren,  but  it  does  not  often  contain  native 
gold,  and  its  sulphides  are  much  poorer  than  those 
in  the  quartz.  This  is  not  entirely  without  excep- 
tions, for  in  several  places,  usually  adjoining  rich 
chutes,  the  altered  country  rock  will  pay  for  milling, 
and  may,  in  isolated  cases,  go  as  high  as  $12  per  ton. 
And  again,  there  are  cases  in  which  the  altered 
country  rock  is  traversed  by  a  great  number- of 
minute  quartz  seams,  in  which  the  gold  is  concen- 
trated. Such  a  case  is  the  Rawhide  mine,  Tuolumne 
county,  in  which  this  altered  and  fissured  country 
rock  is  far  richer  than  the  main  quartz  vein.  At  the 
same  place  the  gold  sometimes  also  penetrates  alid 
coats  the  cleavage  faces  of  the  adjoining  talcose  or 
serpentinoid  schistose  rocks.  I  have  always  found 
such  occurrences  to  be  more  or  less  altered  rocks 
from  the  immediate  vicinity  of  some  vein.  The  gold 
occurs  on  minute,  sometimes  hardly  visible,  seams 
traversing  them.  Indeed,  many  fissures  are  abso- 
lutely microscopic. 

It  has  been  stated  above  that  serpentiue  is  pecu- 
liarly liable  to  alteration  by  the  auriferous  solutions. 
The  zones  of  altered  rock  are  in  this  case  often  very 
large  and  always  very  characteristic.  They  may  be 
twenty  or  thirty  feet  wide,  or,  in  the  case  of  branch- 
ing veins,  a  whole  area,  several  hundred  feet  across, 
may  be  more  or  less  completely  altered.  The  ser- 
pentine is  converted  into  a  mixture  of  magnesic  and 
calcic  carbonates,  a  green  micaceous  mineral  con- 
taining potassium  and  colered  by  chromium,  to  which 
the  name  of  mariposite  has  been  given  by  Professor 
Silliman,  together  with  more  or  less  iron  pyrites. 
The  altered  mass  is  frequently  shattered  and  trav- 
ersed by  seams  of  :mixed  quartz  and  carbonates.  It 
has  .a  rather  coarse,  crystalline  structure,  and  a 
bright  green  color  from  the  disseminated  mariposite. 
The  carbonates  referred  to  as  ankerite  by  Professor 
Silliman  are  in  reality,  as  indicated  by  B.  W.  Fair- 
banks, a  mixture  of  varying,  composition,  ranging 
from  calcite  to  magnesite,  and  often  containing  con- 
siderable iron.  Magnesic  carbonate,  on  the  whole, 
predominates.  The  mineral  mariposite  is,  as  Silli- 
man observes,  only  associated  with  magnesian  and 
chloritic  rocks.  Fairbauks  states  that  it  is  particu- 
larly characteristic  of  the  mother  lode.  This  is  not 
correct.  It  is,  however,  eminently  characteristic  of 
all  quartz  veins  in  or  at  the  contact  of  serpentine, 
though  occasionally  occuring  in  very  small  quantities 
in  diabase  and  other  basic  rocks.  The  writer  has 
noticed  the  same  characteristic  mixture  of  carbon- 
ates and  mariposite  from  a  great  many  places  in  the 
gold  belt  besides  the  mother  lode;  thus,  for  instance, 
at  the  Phoenix  and  Red  Chief  mines  in  Sierra  county, 
and  also  near  Washington,  Nevada  county.  It  ap- 
pears at  the  mother  lode  wherever  that  great  quartz 
vein  breaks  through  serpentine.  Quartz  mountain, 
Tuolumne  county,  is  an  excellent  place  to  study  it. 
(To  be  Continued.) 


A  Correction. 


To  the  Editor: — In  your  issue  of  the  16th  inst. 
you  give  a  summary  of  the  interesting  discussion  re- 
garding the  molecular  change  which  takes  place  in 
stamp  stems;  in  the  opening  sentence  you  quote  me 
as  saying  that  "  vibration  under  all  conditions  will 
crystallize  iron."  These  words  are  Mr.  Argall's, 
not  mine.  In  my  "Limitations  of  the  Stamp  Mill"  I 
confined  myself  to  the  condition  of  iron  in  stamp 
stems  and  did  not  make  such  a  general  statement  as 
the  above.     Yours  faithfully,  T.  A.  Rickard. 

Salmon  City,  Idaho,  March  26,  1895. 


Kingsley  endorsed  tobacco  as  follows:  "  It  is  a 
lone  man's  companion,  a  bachelor's  friend,  a  hungry 
man's  food,  a  sad  man's  cordial,  a  wakeful  man's 
sleep,  and  a  chilly  man's  fire."  Kingsley  himself  was 
a  great  smoker,  and  he  derived  much  comfort  from 
the  use  of  his  clay  pipe. 


The 


Largest    Piece    of   Gold  Yet  Found  Was 
Worth  Nearly  $150,000. 


To  the  Editor: — The  largest  piece  of  gold,  free  of 
quartz,  in  the  world,  was  taken  from  the  Byer  & 
Haltman  gold  mining  claim,  Hill  End,  New  South 
Wales,  Australia,  on  May  10,  1872,  its  weight  being 
640  pounds,  height  four  feet  nine  inches,  width  three 
feet  two  inches,  average  thickness  four  inches,  and 
was  worth  $148,800.  It  was  found  imbedded  in  a 
thick  wall  of  blue  slate,  at  a  depth  of  250  feet  from 
the  surface.  The  owners  of  the  mine  were  living  on 
charity  when  they  found  it. 

The  Welcome  Stranger  nugget  was  found  od  Mount 
Moliagel,  February  9,  1869;  it  weighed  190  pounds 
and  was  valued  at  $45,000.  It  was  raffled  for  $46,000. 

The  Welcome  nugget  was  found  at  Bakery  Hill, 
June  9,  1859;  it  weighed  184  pounds  9  ounces  16 
pennyweights,  and  was  worth  $44,356.  It  was  raffled 
for  $50,000. 

The  Lady  Hotham  nugget  was  found  in  New  South 
Wales,  Canadian  guile}',  September  8,  1854;  it 
weighed  98  pounds  10  ounces  12  pennyweights,  and 
was  sold  for  $23,557. 

The  Union  Jack  nugget  was  found  February  28, 
1857;  it  weighed  23  pounds  5  ounces,  and  was  sold 
for  $5620. 

No  name  nugget  was  found  at  Eureka,  Dauttons 
Flat,  February  7,  1874,  at  a  depth  of  thirty  feet  from 
the  surface;  it  weighed  52  pounds  1  ounce,  and  was 
sold  for  $12,500. 

The  Leg  of  Mutton  nugget  was  found  at  Ballarat, 
January  31,  1853,  at  a  depth  of  65  feet;  it  weighed 
134  pounds  11  ounces,  and  was  sold  at  the  bank  for 
$32,380.  This  nugget  was  shaped  like  a  leg  of  mut- 
ton, hence  its  name. 

No  name  nugget  was  found  at  Bakery  Hill,  Balla- 
rat, March  6,  1855,  near  the  surface;  it  weighed  47 
pounds'  7  ounces,  and  was  sold  for  $11,420. 

No  name,  nugget  was  found  in  Canadiau  gulley, 
Ballarat,  January  22,  1853,  near'  the  surface;,  it 
weighed  84  pounds  3  ounces  15  pennyweights,  and 
was  sold  for  $20,235. 

The  Kohinoor  nugget  was  found  at  Ballarat,  July 
27,  1860,  at  a  depth  of  160  feet;  it  weighed  69  pounds, 
and  was  sold  for  $16,680. 

The  Sir  Dominic  Daly  nugget  was  found  February 

27,  1862;   it  weighed  26  pounds,    and  was   sold    for 
$6240. 

No  name  nugget  was  found  at  Ballarat,  February 

28,  1855;  it  weighed  30  pounds  11  ounces  2  penny- 
weights, and  was  sold  for  $7395. 

No  name  nugget  was  found  August  1,  1879;  it 
weighed  12  pounds,  and  was  worth  $2280. 

No  name  nugget  was  found  at  Ballarat,  February 
3,  1853;  it  weighed  30  pounds,  and  was  sold  for  $7360. 

No  name  nugget  was  found  iu  Canadian  gulley, 
January  20,  1853;  it  weighed  93  pounds  1  ounce  11 
pennyweights,  and  was  sold  for  $22,350. 

No  name  nugget  was  found  at  Bakery  Hill,  March 
6,  1855;  it  weighed  40  pouDds,  and  was   worth  $9600. 

The  Nil  Desperandum  nugget  was  found  November 

29,  1859;  it  weighed  45  pounds,  and  was  sold  for  $10,- 
800. 

The  Oats  &  Delson  nugget  was  found  at  Do'nolly 
gold  field  in  1880,  at  the  roots  of  a  tree;  it  weighed 
189  pounds,  and  was  sold  for  $50,000. 

In  addition  to  the  above  are  the  Huron  nugget, 
worth  $20,000,  and  the  Empress  nugget,  worth  $27,- 
661.  A  great  number  of  smaller  nuggets,  too  numer- 
ous to  mention,  have  been  found. 

Many  large  nuggets  or  lumps  of  gold  have  been 
found  in  California  during  the  era  of  placer  mining; 
but  Australia  must  claim  the  largest.  The  Cali- 
fornia lumps  are  as  follows: 

A  piece  of  gold  and  quartz  was  found  in  Calaveras 
countv  on  Carson  Hill,  on  the  mother  lode;  it  was 
valued  at  $42,000. 

The  Downieville  lump  of  quartz  and  gold,  of  Sierra 
county,  as  stated  by  Louis  Blanding,  gave  a  value  of 
nearly  $90,000;  but  it  was  not  a  nugget. 

The  mass  of  gold  and  quartz  found  in  the  Bonanza 
mine,  Sonora,  Tuolumne  county,  gave  a  value  of  over 
$40,000. 

The  Australian  statistics  are  correct,  I  having  ob- 
tained them  from  Government  authority.     Argus. 

Sonora,  Cal.,  March  30th,  '95. 


Some  Practical  Points. 


The  Iron  Age  says  within  the  next  six.  months 
there  will  be  in  operation  in  this  country  a  total  of 
196  tin-plate  factories,  having  a  possible  annual  out- 
put of  6,350,450  boxes,  which  is  more  than  the  or- 
dinary yearly  consumption  of  the  United  States. 
Of  these,  157  mills  are  either  built  or  are  in  process 
of  construction,  and  the  arrangements  have  been 
made  to  erect  within  the  next  six  months  thirty-nine 
additional  mills. 


The  illustrated  article  on  the  Standard  Mining 
Co.'s  plant  at  Bodie  is  completed  in  this  issue.  Fig.  5 
shows  that  the  power  is  furnished  by  Pelton  wheels, 
as  it  appeared  in  the  report  of  the  State  Mineralo- 
gist, which  we  were  unable  to  reproduce,  and  the 
regulation  is  effected  by  the  Pelton  differential 
governor. 

Mb.  W.  F.  C.  Hasson,  of  this  city,  has  been  elected 
one  of  the  three  vice-presidents  of  the  American  In- 
stitute of  Electrical  Engineers. 


To  the  Editor: — Getting  drills  to  do  work  in  hard 
rock  may  be  a  simple  matter  to  the  experienced 
mine  smith,  but  to  some  of  us  amateurs  who  have  to 
dress  our  own  tools  it  is  a  problem  which  calls  for 
some  consideration.  It  is  with  the  hope  that  some 
of  the  latter  may  be  benefited  that  the  following  sug- 
gestions, derived  by  hard  experience  and  later  by 
some  valuable  hints  from  a  veteran  mine  smith,  are 
submitted: 

First  of  all  secure  good  steel,  if  possible;  poor 
steel  is  especially  dear  in  hard  rock.  Do  not  at- 
tempt to  sharpen  in  the  sunlight,  and  carefully  avoid 
overheating  the  steel  as  it  will  often  get  burned 
slightly  when  hardly  suspected.  As  most  beginners 
ha-ve  better  success  making  a  new  bit  than  keeping 
it  in  shape,  the  following  applies  to  the  drill  dulled 
by  use:  Lay  the  drill  upon  the  anvil  corner  up  and 
strike  the  first  blows  a  little  diagonally  on  the  cor- 
ners, which  will  narrow  the  bit  and  have  a  tendency 
to  bring  the  steel  on  the  corners  out  even  with  the 
middle  to  compensate  for  the  wear  which  is  greatest 
at  the  corners;  also  smooth  down  any  irregularities 
at  this  time.  Never  begin  on  the  flat  side  of  the 
drill.  Next  turn  the  drill  flat  and  again  strike  on 
the  opfners  a  few  drawing  blows,  accompanied  by 
necessary  blows  in  the  middle,  to  make  the  bit  square 
across  thgedge;  repeat  this  operation  from  each  side 
until  the  bit  is  in  shape,  and  on  the  round  part  of  the 
anvil  draw  the  steel  down  just  back  of  the  edge,  to 
give  the  drill  clearance.  Deliver  the  finishing  blows 
squarely  against  the  level  at  whatever  angle  it  is  de- 
sired to  maintain,  until  a  sharp  edge  is  secured; 
again  see  that  the  bit  will  clear  itself,  and  with  a  few 
soothing  taps  on  the  edge  it  is  done.  The  amount 
that  the  bit  should  be  narrowed  depends  upon  its 
dullness.  A  good  bit  will  be  nearly  if  not  quite 
straight  across  the  edge  and  will  have  a  straight 
taper  on  the  bevel,  which  will  leave  the  flattened 
steel  also  on  a  nearly  straight  line.  The  steel  should 
not  be  flattened  to  less  than  one-half  its  size.  For 
ordinary  hard  granite  an  angle  of  60°  gives  a  good 
edge;  for  softer  rock  increase  th^  cutting  capacity 
by  increasing  the  length  of  the  bevel  and  not  bv  flat- 
tening the  steel.  Avoid  curves,  and  build  the  bit  as 
close  to  the  body  of  the  steel  as  possible. 

Allow  the  drills  to  cool  somewhat,  and  if  using  an 
open  fire,  place  a  bar  of  iron  across  on  which  to  lay 
the  drills,  to  prevent  the  steel  from  getting  heated 
back  of  the  bit.  When  a  uniformly  dark  red  color  is 
apparent  in  the  shade,  plunge  the  drill  into  tepid 
water  and  let  it  remain  until  cool,  when,  if  properly 
tempered,  it  will  present  a  speckled  appearance. 
Conditions  of  light,  grades  of  steel  and  rock  vary,  so 
that  a  little  experience  will  be  the  best  guide  as  to 
the  heat  required;  but  drills  .tempered  in  this  way 
will  not  check  nor  "  jump"  a  bit,  and  if  too  hard  they 
will  break  clean.  Geo.  F.  Willis. 

Bishop,  Cal.,  March  20th,  '95. 

The    Good   Old    Times    in    Iron    Manufacture. 


In  discussing  Mr.  John  Fritz's  recent  paper  on  the 
"  Early  Days  of  the  Iron  Manufacture,"  read  at  the 
Bridgeport  meeting  of  the  American  Institute  of 
Mining  Engineers,  Mr.  E.  C.   Pechin  said: 

"For  many  years  Mr.  Hughes  Oliphant  operated 
a  small  charcoal  furnace  and  mill  at  what  is  now 
Fairchance,  in  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  at  the  foot  of 
the  Alleghany  mountains. 

"He  told  me  that  early  in  the  century  he  ran  for 
eighteen  months,  and  saw  only  $10  in  mouey.  1 
said  to  him:  'How  under  heaven  did  you  manage?' 
He  replied:  '  We  made  our  iron  into  nails,  rods  and 
kettles,  hauled  them  twelve  miles  over  to  Browns- 
ville, on  the  Monongahela  river,  loaded  them  into 
flat  boats,  and  floated  them  down  the  Ohio,  swap- 
ping our  wares  for  whisky  and  rum.  At  New  Orleans 
we  exchanged  these  for  sugar  and  molasses,  which  we 
sent  by  sea  to  Baltimore,  and  there  we  swapped 
again  for  groceries  and  dry  goods,  which  we  hauled 
in  Conestoga  wagons  over  the  mountains,  300  miles, 
to  our  furnace.'  " 


Book  Received. 


"  Taxation  of  Personal  Property."  The  author  is  Thos.  G. 
Shearman,  the  well-known  writer  on  economic  subjects.  He 
argues  that  the  "taxation  of  personal  property  is  "impracti- 
cable, unequal  and  unjust;"  he  holds  that  the  single  tax,  that 
is  the  tax  on  land,  is  the  only  right  solution  of  the  question  he 
raises,  and  that  manufactures,  commerce  and  industry  in 
every  form  should  be  released  from  taxation.  As  a  starter  he 
advocates  local  option — that  is,  to  have  each  city  or  county  or 
district  decide  for  itself  whether  personal  property  in  those 
limits  should  or  should  not  be  taxed.  He  argues  well ;  his  ar- 
guments, however,  have  all  the  attractiveness  of  theory,  un- 
accompanied by  the  value  that  can  only  attach  to  tried  and 
proved  propositions.  The  price  of  the  book  is  thirty  cents:  it 
is  published  by  the  Sterling  Publishing  Co.,  106  Fulton  St., 
New  York. 

Labor  statistics  for  1894  show  that  in  the  United 
States  there  were  twelve  per  cent,  or  one-eighth, 
fewer  hands  employed  than  in  1892.  That  repre- 
sents an  unemployed  army  of  565,000  persons.  In 
wages  earned  and  not  paid  it  stands  for  $500,- 
000,000. .  Applied  to  product  values  it  shows  a  fall- 
ing off  of  $1,254,000,000  as  compared  with  the  year 
in  which  the  people  voted  for  a  change. 


April  6,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


215 


Hcndrie  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co.,  yy 


DENV/ER,     COLORADO 


ASCADE 


I,  11  I.  ST    IMPROVED 


Patent  Friction  Hoisting    £   ^jflH    lj3  [3 "iJ|  ^LwYWrnT    E 

CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 


Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 


IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 

General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  •wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL& CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 


Steam 

Freighting 

Train. 

ENGINE:    50-Horse 
Power. 


CAPACITY  OF  TRAIN; 

50  to  65  tons;  depends 
upon  the  roads. 


**< 


WRITE     I  •  >R    CIRCULARS 
AND      PRICES 


VK 


MANUFACTURED     BY 

THE     BEST 


mANUFACTURING     CO.,     SAIN-    LEANDRO,     C/\L.,     U.    G    /\. 


THE  WOODBURY  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  WITH  IMPROVED  BELTS  SSkS^SSJ  S&toSF&ii^a^RV^it^'^l 


.    other  concentrator.     Bnill  of  ln-st  Steel  and  Wrought  Iron, 
ill  RhowB  the  belt  in  Its  improved  form,  which  consists  of 


HAS  THE  FOLLOWING  MERITS: 

nortlonofthe  pulp  h 

Geo,  E.  Woodbury, 

Manufacturer, 

141tnl43 

First  St.. 
Sao  Fran- 
cisco. Cal. 


First 
r  as  tt 


Strong' and  durable.  Price  #575  1.  o.  b.  Send  fur  Catalogue  and  Testimonials. 
•rugate'd  edges,  to  form  an  expanding  ton  edge.    THE  IMPROVED  MACHINE 


s'  Institu 
nd  occupy 


1800  and    1891. 

ing  less  than  one-half 


The  fn.  i  m  .  -\  .-il  bWls.  uhlrli  cunslsi  of  seven,  are  constructed  and  arranged  so  as  to  allow  each  belt  to  receive  a 
relieve  the  machine  of  Its  load,  thereby  giving  it  twice  the  capacity  of  other  concentrators,  and  enabling  it  to 


nrk  fron 


heir  runn 
eptrators 


-The  machine  equalizes  the  load  by  several.com- 
":  with  much  lews  attention  than  is  necessary  to  give 
he  belts  on  this  machine  takes  care  of  the  pulp  that 
>  from,  running  to  the  lower  side  of  it,  as  is  the  case 
wrjen  a  machine  becomes  out  of  level  where 
wide  belts  are  used.    Third— The  belts  run  on  a 
nerffct  line,  needing  nu  adjustment   to   prevent 
r  from  side  to  side,  as  in  other  con- 
Fourth— The  belt  surfaces  are  im- 
indentations    and     corrugations. 
fifcl,     causing    the    Concentrator    to    save    fiue    sul- 
E*^     phurets    and    Quicksilver,    and    perform    close 
z~~f/      work.    Fifth— The  belts  have  fluted  or  corru- 
Sp        gated  edges,    to    form  an  expanded  top  edge, 
■*-"  which    effectually  _!preveuts    from     cracking. 

Sixth  —  The  feed  arrangement  is  perfect. 
Seventh— The  machine  is  constructed  of  iron, 
with  steel  crank-shaft  self-oiling  boxes,  and 
everything  made  in  the  most  thorough  manner, 
^=  enabling  it  to  run  with  very  little  attention  or 
g         wdar. 

SS  This  Concentrator  took  the  1st  prize  at 
£.-  the  San  Francisco  Mechanics'  Institute  in 
^■-T'  1890,  1891  and  1892,  and  at  the  Califor- 
nia State  Fair  in  1893;  it  took  the  1st 
prize  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  1893,  and  at  the  San  Francisco  Midwinter  Fair,  1894. 


PATENTED, 
Aug.  19.  1890. 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving;  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  ilRA-VEI.  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

i. mm    m~    REDUCED    PRICES.  ■— ■     

.  in i-    dates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
lL  reputed   bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED: 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

-    «\xrtrrfTm?p>'  Incorporated.  •^SSSnauB^--'' 

»-  send  for  dRCiiLAKs.  68.  70  and  17  First  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 


-DEALER  IN- 


Assayers'  ancL 
Mining  Haterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


niNE  m  bell  m  SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force  in 
with  State  Law. 


Accordance 


state  of  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Miners. 
Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


FTOR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE   PRINT ;  IN   L EGA L   S ilZE     1 |2 ^IN 'O^^J^^f^'^^^^^'^^'ff^ 
F  theVoorhies  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March 8 ,693  -The  law* ,^W.U6     A»  Act X^^^^^SJSX^TaSSy.    rflNING  AND  SOIENTlFTC  PRESS,  820  Market 


216 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  6,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 

Theory     of     Professor     Wellner's 
Flying  Machine. 


The  essence  of  Professor  Wellner's 
innovation  is  his  invention  of  the  sail 
wheel.  It  consists  of  a  horizontally 
placed  axis  with  spokes  and  arched 
aeroplanes  attached  to  them  in  a  cylin- 
drical form.  While  revolving  round 
the  axis  the  latter  take  a  slightly 
slanting  position,  which  causes  the 
forward  edges  of  these  surfaces  to  be 
inclined,  and  consequently  to  compress 
the  air  in  the  way  of  a  sail  or  a  kite, 
calling  into  play  the  vertical  force. 
These  ribs,  running  across  each  lifting 
surface  and  made  in  the  form  of  a 
screw,  at  the  same  time  serve  to 
strengthen  the  aeroplanes  and  to  add 
to  the  horizontal  force. 

These  sail  wheels,  set  in  pairs,  can 
be  placed,  according  to  the  size  of  air- 
ship aimed  at,  in  one  or  more  groups 
of  two  wheels,  revolving  in  opposite  di- 
rections, behind  or  beside  each  other. 
"The  cigar-shaped  car,  furnished  with  a 
motor  and  car-rying  the  aeronauts,  is 
attached  horizontally  under  the  center 
of  the  wheels,  so  that  the  whole  con- 
struction will  resemble  a  colossal  bird, 
propelled,  instead  of  by  wings,  by  re- 
volving wheels,  the  lifting  surfaces  of 
which  are  consecutively  and  constantly 
developing  vertical  and  horizontal 
power.  The  bird's  movements  in  fly- 
ing and  the  speedy  headway  motion 
necessary  to  the "  kite-flying  machines 
for  their  support  in  the  air  are  in  Prof. 
Wellner's  invention  changed  to  a  rotary 
motion.  This  construction,  while  per- 
mitting of  an  easy,  slow  ascent,  assures 
the  horizontal  position  and  constant 
stability  of  the  airship,  at  the  same 
time  permitting  of  a  high  velocity. 

The  more  the  latter  is  increased  the 
stronger  is  the  lifting  power  developed. 
The  direction  is  given  by  a  rudder  at 
the  end  of  the  ship  or  by  increasing  the 
velocity  of  the  sail  wheels  on  one  side 
only.  It  is  the  peculiar  quality  of 
these  wheels  that  they  do  not,  as  might 
be  supposed,  disperse  the  air  around 
them.  They  rather  attract  it  toward 
their  rapidly  moving  surface,  condens- 
ing it  to  a  powerful  stream,  which 
passes  down  obliquely  through  their 
cylinders.  Their  velocity  can  be  made 
to  surpass  by  far  that  of  railway 
trains,  thus  enabling  them  to  conquer 
contrary  winds  and  air  currents. 

Iron  Older  Than   History. 

Iron  was  used  before  history  was 
written.  The  stone  records  of  Egypt 
and  the  brick  books  of  Nineveh  mention 
it.  Genesis  (ix.,  22)  refers  to  Tubal 
Cain  as  "  an  instructor  of  every  artificer 
in  brass  and  iron."  and  in  Deuteronomy 
(iii.,  11)  the  bedstead  of  the  giant  Og 
was  "a  bedstead  of  iron."  The  galleys 
of  Tyre  and  Sidon  traded  in  this  metal; 
Chinese  records  ascribed  to  2000  B.  C. 
refer  to  it;  Homer  speaks  of  it  as  supe- 
rior to  bronze.  The  bronze  age  came 
before  the  iron  age,  because  copper, 
found  as  a  nearly  pure  metal,  easily 
fuses,  and  with  another  soft  metal — 
tin  or  zinc — alloys  into  hard  bronze; 
while  iron,  found  only  as  an  ore,  must 
have  the  impurities  burnt  or  hammered 
out  by  great  heat  and  force  before  it 
can  be  made  into  a  tool.  The  word 
sometimes  translated  "steel"  in  our 
English  Bible  really  means  bronze  or 
brass,  but  steel  was  distintively  known 
to  the  later  aucients.  Pliuy  the  Elder 
wrote  in  the  first  century  of  our  era: 
"Howbeit  asmauy  kinds  of  iron  as  there 
be,  none  shall  match  in  goodness  the 
steel  that  comes  from  the  Seres 
(Chinese),  for  this  commodity  also,  as 
hard  ware  as  it  is,  they  send  and  sell 
with  their  soft  silks  and  fine  furs.  In  a 
second  degree  of  goodness  is  the 
Parthian  iron."  Asia  probably  made 
more  iron  and  steel  thirty  centuries 
ago  than  it  does  to-day.  About  the 
time  of  the  first  Olympaid,  779  B.  C, 
there  is  authentic  record  of  the  use  of 
iron  in  Greece,  and  Lycurgus  used  it 
lor  the  money  of  Sparta.  Iron  and 
steel  weapons  of  war  began  to  displace 
those  of  bronze  before  the  battle  of 
Uarathon.  The  Romans  learned  iron 
nakiug    from     the    Greeks     and    the 


Etruscans,  their  mysterious  and  highly 
civilized' neighbors,  and  obtained  iron 
largely  from  Corsica,  where  the  mines 
had  been  worked  from  prehistoric 
period.  The  Roman  legionaries  found 
in  Spain  steel  weapons  of  the  finest 
temper,  and  Diodorus  says  that  the 
weapons  of  the  Celtiberians  were  so 
keen  "  that  there  is  no  helmet  or  shield 
which  cannot  be  cut  through  by  them." 
Toletum  (now  Toledo)  was  then  as 
famous  for  its  sword  blades  as  after- 
ward in  the  middle  ages.  Csezar  found 
the  painted  Brittons  fighting  with 
spearheads  of  bronze,  but  wearing 
armlets  of  iron,  and  remains  of  pre- 
Roman  forges  are  still  found  in  En- 
gland and  Wales.  The  Germans  knew 
the  art  of  sword  forging,  and  their 
legions  of  dwarfs  and  trolls  with  magic 
swords  point  to  an  earlier  people, 
adepts  in  mining  and  metallurgy. 

Ink  Eraser. 


Please  inform  me  how  to  make  a  solution  that 
will  erase  ink  and  ink  blots  without  leaving  any 
trace  on  the  paper. 

Tin  chloride,  two   parts;   water, 


1. 


four  parts.  To  be  applied  with  a  soft 
brush,  after  which  the  paper  must  be 
passed  through  cold  water.  2.  Thick 
blotting  paper  is  soaked  in  a  concen- 
trated solution  of  oxalic  acid  and 
dried.  Laid  immediately  on  a  blot, 
it  takes  it  out  without  leaving  a  trace 
behind.  3.  The  "Journal  de  Pharma- 
cie  d'Anvers"  recommends  pyrophos- 
phate of  soda  for  the  removal  of  ink- 
stains.  This  salt  does  not  injure  vege- 
table fiber,  and  yields  colorless  com- 
pounds with  the  ferric  oxide  of  ink. 
It  is  best  to  first  apply  tallow  to  the 
ink  spot,  then  wash  it  in  a  solution  of 
pyrophosphate  until  both  tallow  and 
ink  have  disappeared^ 

Jupiter  takes  eleven  years  and  ten 
months  in  making  his  journey  around 
the  sun.  Thus,  our  earth  travels  nearly 
twelve  times  around  the  sun  while 
Jupiter  goes  around  only  once.  This  is 
easily  explained,  since  Jupiter  is  five 
times  farther  from  the  sun  than  our 
earth,  and  therefore  has  a  greater  dis- 
tance to  travel.  For  the  same  reason, 
Jupiter  receives  much  less  light  and 
heat  from  the  sun  than  we  do.  In  each 
second  of  time  Jupiter's  giant  bulk 
moves  eight  miles,  a  rate  which  is 
about  five  hundred  times  faster  than 
the  swiftest  express  train. 

An  ink  for  writing  on  glass  is  pre- 
pared as  follows:  Dissolve  36  parts  of 
fluoride  of  sodium  in  500  parts  of  water 
and  add  7  parts  of  sulphate  of  calcium. 
Prepare  a  second  solution  by  dissolving 
1-1  parts  chloride  of  zinc  in  500 
parts  of  distilled  water  and  add  65 
parts  of  strong  hydrochloric  acid.  For 
use,  equal  parts  of  these  two  solutions 
are  mixed  together  and  diluted  a  little, 
or  mixed  with  some  ordinary  ink  in 
order  to  make  it  flow  better.  Very 
fine  writing  and  drawing  may  be  done 
with  this  ink. 


There  are  now  fifty-four  so-called 
metals  whose  physical  properties  are 
well  known,  and  there  are  fifteen 
others  whose  properties  are  being  in- 
vestigated. These  latter  materials  are 
the  recently  discovered  idumium, 
davyum,  mosandrum,  holmium,  sama- 
rium, norwegium,  vesbium,  neptunium, 
lavoisium,  uralium,  barcenium,  colu- 
bium,  rogerium,  comesium  and  ac- 
tinium. 

A  recently  patented  composition  of 
metal  consists  of  twenty-four  ounces  of 
tin,  twelve  ounces  of  zinc,  and  one 
pennyweight  of  aluminum.  It  is  used 
as  an  imitation  of  silver  in  white  metal 
goods. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  4S*Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

611  and  613  FRONT  ST..  San  Francisco,  Ca). 


INVENTORS,       TaRe.       Notice  1 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

22(5  MARKET  ST.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  SlairB),  SAN 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kindB 
of  models.  Tin  .ami  "crass work.  All  coimmmlca- 
tloua  strictly  amjtdentt-il. 


PROSPECTING 

Mechanic's;    Ulechanical   Drawing;    Electricity;    Arclutecfure;   Architectural   Drawing  and  |J 

"  signing;  Masonry;  Carpentry  and  Joinery;  Ornamental  and  Structural  Don  Work;  Steam  ''% 

g) ntcr in (/ {Stationary,  Locomotive  or  Marine);  Railroad  Engineering;  Bridge  Engineering;  ||lu|AI|| 

'nicipat  Engineering;  Plumbing  and  Heating;   Coal  and  Metal  Mining,  and  the  English  |t|rlrt|LI 


Enginee 

Municipal  Engineering;  Plumbing  and  Heating;   Coal  and  Metal  Mining. 

Branches.    Blowpipirig  outfit  and  mineral  specimens  free  to  students.    Send  for  Free"Cir- 

culars,  stating  the  subject  you  wish  to  study,  to 


THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranton,  Pa, 


The  I.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

69  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


■/VIPirNUFrtCrURERS       OF -*~ 


Stamp  nills,Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,  Desulphurizing  Furnaces,  Etc. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contained,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Bills  for  Heavy 
Timbers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics1 
Labor,  and  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self-Contained"  Means  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  'Owner,  and 
Can  Be  Readily  Recognized  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plant, 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Tse  of  This  Mill  a  Large  Bill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  and  Loss 
Of   Time. 

S  ECON1) :  The  Saving  in  Mill- 
Wright  and  Mec  I  in  1  lies'  Labor  in 
Framing    and     Erecting. 


THIRD:     The     Large 
Space    Saved. 


Amount    of 


Improved  Self -Contained  Cnshion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill. 


Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List. — 
— CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 

121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0.    280  Caxton  Blk.,  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


AM  > 


vi 

Office  of  The  Cleveland  Ikon  Ore] 
Paint  Co.  and  The  Garry  Iron  I 
Roofing  Co..  Cleveland.,  O.,  f 
Jan.  25.  ISM.  J 

The  American  Mining  &  Milling  Machineru 
Co.,  Cleveland,  U.: 
Gentlemen:— We  purchased  a  No.  2 

American  Rock  Breaker   and  a   No.  2 

American  Ball    Pulverizer    from    your 

company  about  one  year  ago.  The  latter 

part  of  April,  1893,  we    started  up  for 

regular   work,   since    which   time   we 

have  run  both  of  said   machines  to  the 

full  extent  of  our  demands  and  to  our 

entire  satisfaction.    The  first  700  tons  of 

hard  iron   ore  that  we  pulverized  for 

palnl    purposes    was    ground    without 

taking  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  with- 
out expending  one  dollar  for  repairs  for 

either    of   these    machines.    Of  the  700 

tons  spoken  of,  about  200  tons  was  Lake 

Superior  Specular  iron  ore.  containing 

some  70  per  cent  Iron:  a  very  difficult 
ore  to  pulverize.  The  remainder  was  a  red  fosslliferous  iron  ore. 
carrying  Quite  a  per  ceut_of_silex.  which  cuts  out  buhr- stones,  rapidly. 
We  find. that  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when  new  5  in.- in  diameter, 
now  caliper  4T«  in.,  and  are  perfectly  round  and  smooth.  The  grinding 
track  shows  very  little  wear,  and  the  driving  track  shows  less;  in 
fact,  the  wear  is  almost  imperceptible.  These  two  machines  crush  and 
pulverize  more  than  one  ton  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.  We  do 
not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  compare  with  the  output  of  these  two  machines  in  quan- 
tity, duality,  small  amount  of  wear  and  tear,  and  like  power.  In  our  opinion,  you  cannot  recommend 
I  hem  too  highly.    Very  truly  yours.  Cleveland  Ikon  Ore  Paint  Co. 


SPECIALTIES 

AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM. 
BALL  PULYERIZER 

The  simplest,  cheapest  and  J 
best  machines  in  tne  mar-  J 
ket.  Pulverize  wet  or  dry  J 
to  any  degree  of  fineness.  J 
Make  little  or  no  slimes  in  J 
wet  nor  dust  in  dry  work,  i 
Four  sizes,  capacity  from  '£  c 
to  60  tons  per  day.  i 

SEND     FOR     CATALOGUE. 

Cable  Address.  American.     ' 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal  \ 

Awarded  by  World'* 

_  _  ~  Fair,  1893. 


old  meaai  j 
World's      J 


THE  AM.  BALL  PULVERIZER. 
Morris  Patent. 


PLACER 

Amalgamate  :  Diggers, :  S&2X515: 

Complete  "Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating,  Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer  ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of  water  or 
compressed  air.    Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outfits  include  "Lancaster"  1895  Land  or  River  Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction.  Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required.  Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other  machinery  also 
built.    Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee,  39  Cortlandt  St.,  NEW  YORK. 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS. 

220  Market  St.,  San  Frenclsoo,  Col. 


April  6,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


217 


Mechanical   Progress. 

The  Straining  of  Boilers. 

There  are  few  things  more  annoying 
to  a  steam  user  who  has  just  put  down 
new  modern  steam  boilers  than  to  rind 
them  exhibiting  signs  of  straining  and 

leakage  in  a  few  weeks,  or  mayhap  in  a 
tew  days,  after  being  put  to  work. 
Possibly  no  expense  has  been  spared  in 
the  equipment  of  the  boilers,  to  have 
them  up  to  date  and  in  accordance  with 
the  most  approved  practice;  but,  not- 
withstanding all  the  precautions  taken, 
straining  occurs,  ami  often  shows  itself 
Ijy  leakages  at  the  rivets  securing  the 
gusset  stays  to  the  front  end  plate. 
Although  less  likely  to  have  serious 
consequences  than  concealed  leakages, 
they  are  none  the  less  aggravating  be- 
cause visible  to  all  and  sundry  who  may 
be  brought  to  look  at  and  admire  the 
new  boilers,  which  it  was  fondly  hoped 
were  the  best  that  money  could  buy. 
However  unpleasant  this  experience 
may  be,  it  is  that  of  many  firms  who,  in 
order  to  keep  pace  with  the  times  and 
meet  competition  by  cheapening  pro- 
duction, have  tripled  or  quadrupled 
their  engines,  and  replaced  boilers 
working  at  moderate  pressures  by  new 
steel  ones  suitable  for  150  to  200  pounds 
working  pressure. 

It  is  interesting  to  trace  a  few  of  the 
causes  of  this  straining  in  new  boilers, 
and  to  point  out  how  they  may  be 
avoided.  One  of  the  most  frequent, 
perhaps,  is  that  of  making  the  end 
plate  too  rigid,  either  by  having  it  too 
thick  or  too  rigidly  confined  by  the  end 
stays,  thus  preventing  the  plate  from 
slightly  buckling,  or  "breathing,"  in 
sympathy  with  the  elongation  and 
shortening  of  the  flue  tubes,  constantly 
occurring  with  variations  in  tempera- 
ture. 

Another  prolific  cause  of  straining 
is  the  overheating  of  the  plates,  result- 
ing from  the  use  of  impure  feed  water. 
When  the  water  is  impregnated  with 
mineral  matter,  iu  the  form  of  carbon- 
ate and  sulphate  of  lime  and  magnesia, 
etc.,  unless  means  are  taken  to  prevent 
it,  the  lime  salts  are  precipitated  and 
deposited  on  the  heating  surfaces  as 
scale,  preventing  contact  of  the  water 
with  the  plates,  and  overheating  and 
unequal  expansion  ensue,  in  addition  to 
more  or  less  waste  of  fuel.  The  over- 
heating from  this  cause  is  increased 
when  carbonate  of  iron  is  present  in 
such  quantity  as  to  thicken  the  water 
and  retard  steam  bubbles  in  their  pas- 
sage to  the  surface  of  the  water. 

Another  and  more  serious  source  of 
mischief  is  the  presence  of  oil  in  the 
boiler,  admitted  with  the  feed  water 
when  taken  from  the  hot  well  of  a  jet 
condensing  engine,  or  heated  by  direct 
contact  with  steam  from  the  cylinders. 
This,  especially  where  the  water  con- 
tains carbonate  of  lime,  is  responsible 
for  a  great  deal  of  the  trouble  arising 
from  straining.  The  oil,  which  may 
have  been  carried  into  the  boiler  in 
a  free  state,  or  in  finely  divided  parti- 
cles intimately  mixed  with  the  feed 
water,  is  left  behind  on  the  latter  being 
evaporated,  and  accumulates  until  in 
sufficient  quantity  to  combine  with  the 
particles  of  lime  in  the  water.  This 
settles  in  the  form  of  globules  on  the 
crowns  and  upper  sides  of  the  furnaces, 
effectually  keeping  the  water  from  di- 
rect contact  with  the  metal,  thus  inter- 
posing a  barrier  to  the  free  transfer- 
ence of  the  heat  of  combustion  to  the 
water,  with  the  result  that  the  tem- 
perature of  the  plates  is  increased  to 
such  an  extent  as  to  produce  severe 
straining  at  the  seams  and  end  plates, 
even  if  actual  distortion  or  collapse 
does  not  take  place. 

One  other  cause  should  be  referred 
to,  as  it  is  of  very  common  occurrence, 
especially  in  small  plants,  viz.,  feeding 
the  boilers  with  cold,  or  comparatively 
cold,  water.  In  modern  plants,  con- 
sisting of  one  or  more  large  boilers,  it 
is  usual  to  pass  the  feed  water  through 
an  economizer  or  heater  placed  in  the 
main  flue,  by  which  means  it  is  raised 
to  a  very  high  temperature  by  utilizing 
a  portion  of  the  heat  from  the  waste 
gases,  which  would  otherwise  be  lost 
up  the  chimney.  There  are,  however, 
hundreds  of  new  boilers  put  in,  to  say 


nothiug  of  the  thousands  of  old  boilers, 
which  are  fed  with  water  only  slightly 
heated,  or  even  at  the  temperature  at 
which  it  is  obtained  from  the  main 
reservoir  or  well.  Did  the  owners  but 
realize  that  by  the  one  fact  of  using 
cold    feed    water    they    were    not    only 

wasting  between  lo"„  and  is",,  of  fuel, 
according  to  the  temperature  of  the 
feed  water  and  the  steam,  but  also 
shortening  the  lives  of  their  boilers  by 
years,  besides  running  the  risk  of 
heavy  expenditures  for  maintenance, 
they  would  at  once  take  measures  to 
obviate  such  a  wrong  state  of  affairs. 
If  inconvenient  to  put  down  an  econo- 
mizer, the  water  could  readily  be 
heated  by  means  of  an  exhaust  or  live 
steam  heater,  or  by  an  injector,  to  the 
great  advantage  of  the  owner. 

We  have  seen  that  there  are  four 
chief  causes  for  the  straining  of  boilers, 
viz  :  End  plates  too  thick  or  too  rigidly 
stayed,  impure  feed  water,  presence  of 
oil  in  the  boilers,  and  the  use  of  cold 
feed  water.  The  first  cause  can  very 
often  be  removed  by  dispensing  with 
the  bottom  rivets  securing  gusset  stays 
to  the  end  plates.  Impure  feed  water 
can  generally  be  purified  by  suitable 
treatment  before  going  to  the  boiler, 
by  a  chemical  process  and  filtration ; 
or,  if  the  first  cost  of  the  plant  neces- 
sary is  too  great,  or  space  is  very  lim- 
ited, by  introducing  suitable  reagents 
adapted  to  treat  the  impurities  found 
by  analysis  to  be  present  in  the  water. 
By  the  latter  method  the  lime  salts, 
etc.,  are  rapidly  precipitated,  and  ren- 
dered easily  removable  by  blowing  out, 
in  addition  to  gradually  softening  exist- 
ing incrustation.  If  mineral  oil  of  good 
quality  be  used  in  the  cylinders  only  in 
such  quantities  as  are  really  required 
for  lubrication,  there  is  no  serious  dan- 
ger to  be  apprehended  from  the  small 
proportion  reaching  the  boiler  with 
the  feed  water,  unless  there  be  carbon- 
ate of  lime  present  in  considerable 
quantity,  in  which  case  oil  should  not 
be  admitted  under  any  circumstances 
whatever.  Good  results  have  accrued 
in  many  instances  from  fixing  an  oil 
and  water  separator  on  the  feed  pipe, 
between  the  pump  and  boiler,  to  inter- 
cept any  free  oil  which  may  be  present 
in  the  water. — Practical  Engineer. 

Arrangement     of     Machinery     in 
Power  Stations. 

Three  general  methods  of  arrangiug 
machinery  of  power  stations  are  com- 
mon in  the  United  States.  In  one  the 
power  is  transmitted  from  the  prime 
mover  to  a  line  shaft,  and  thence,  by 
belting,  to  the  dynamos.  This  we  will 
call  the  line-shaft  system.  In  another 
the  power  is  transmitted  by  a  belt  or 
rope  from  the  prime  mover  directly  to 
the  dynamo.  This  we  will  term  the 
direct-belted  system.  In  the  third  the 
shaft  of  the  dynamo  or  generator  is 
directly  connected  to  the  prime  mover, 
aLd  has  the  same  speed  of  rotation. 
This  we  call  the  direct-connected  sys- 
tem. Regarding  these  several  systems, 
it  may  be  said  that  local  conditions  or 
surroundings  may  be  such  as  to  render 
it  advisable  to  adopt  one  or  the  other. 
The  writer,  however,  believes  that  it 
will  be  seldom  or  never  necessary  under 
present  conditions  of  manufacture  to 
adopt  or  use  the  line-shaft  system. 
That  system  is  objectionable  for  various 
reasons. 

The  direct-belted  system  is  to-day 
the  cheapest  in  first  cost  and  in  many 
respects  the  most  satisfactory  to  oper- 
ate. The  arrangement  of  the  gen- 
erators, distinct  from  the  prime  movers 
and  conuected  by  flexible  connections, 
makes  it  possible  to  repair  accidents 
with  great  facility  and  convenience. 
In  general,  with  this  system,  only  one 
or  at  most  two  generators  can  be 
driven  from  an  engine  without  the  use 
of  riding  belts.  With  the  condition  of 
the  market  as  at  present,  however, 
with  generators  available  of  any  size 
required,  this  matter  is  of  little  prac- 
tical importance. 

The  direct-connected  system  is  with- 
out doubt  the  ideal  system,  since  trans- 
mission losses  are  eliminated  and  the 
power  occupies  a  minimum  amount  of 
space.  The  cost  to-day  would  be  about 
twenty  per  cent  in  excess  of  the  direct- 
belted,  but  not  essentially  greater  and 


possibly  even  less  than  that  of  a  well- 
constructed  line-shaft  system.  The 
American  practice  in  building  direct- 
connected  machines  is  to  extend  the 
main  shaft  of  the  engine  and  suspend 
the  generator  armature  on  the  end, 
either  with  or  without  an  outboard 
bearing.  The  English  system  is  some- 
what less  rigid,  the  engine  shaft  being 
connected  to  the  dynamo  with  a  coup" 
ling.— Prof.  R.  c.  Carpenter  in  Cas- 
sier's  Magazine  for  April. 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office.  I 

VV.  N.  JEHU,    ----    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

j  628    Montgomery  Street.  San    Francisco. 

Rooms  40  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

'  Ore   Assays,   Analyses  of  Minerals,   Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


|  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  j 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 

£  Surveying.  Architecture.  Drawing  and  Assaying.' 

723  Market  St.,  San  Francl§co,  Cal. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR. 
A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN.  President, 
i  Assaying  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorinatlon  < 
Assay,  $25;  Blowpipe  Assav,  $10.    Pull  Course  ( 
of  Assaying.  $50.    Established  1864. 
,  B3T  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

Examination,  Surveys,  and    Reports  upon  ! 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domea- 
.  tic    use,    Irrigation,     aud    the     production    of  j 
\  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and  , 
i  plans  prepared.    Construction  work  auperin- 
c  tended.    Correspondence  solicited. 
(         Res.— 923  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


ED\A//\RD 


COBB, 


L  Expert. 


Mechanical  ' 

TestB  am    _ 

i  Pumping,  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plai 

(  .  Will  supervise  the  Construction,  Shipment  < 
^  or  Erection  of  Machinery.  Will  make  Draw-  < 
.  lngs.  Estimates  or  Specifications.  } 

l  Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de-  j 
[  seription.    Twenty  year's  experience. 

23  Davis  St.,  Rooms  30  &  31.  S.  F.,  Cal. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist  and  Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 
Will  examine  Mines.  Ore  Bodies,  Mineral 
(  Belts  or  Zones,  and  make  written  Mineralist 
)  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 
>  plication  for  services.  I  make  my  own  assays 
\  and  select  my  own  samples  when  examing  . 
[  mines.  Eighteen  years'  experience.  Analysis 
,  of  water  and  soils. 


Mining  Operator, 


ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
[  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  aud  report- 
1  Ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the 
'procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest 
1  in  Developed  Mines. 

i  Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED 
i  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent 
i  Instruction  for  working  the  s?me  on  a  large, 
i  practical  scale. 


!  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works,  i 

No.  23  si  <■  i  ciison  Street, 

1  Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

,  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc 
■  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

-  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 

(  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  aud  Metallurgists. 


!  Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

|  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at  ( 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and  ] 
!  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper,  _ 
.  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  , 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WOKLD.  Any  , 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know,  ( 
!  relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources  ( 
,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1HI  R.  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma.  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


t'uunilttl  by  Milthtii   Vnr.y.  J7gJ. 
IlKMtY     I'.VKKY     IHIItl)     *     CO.. 

Industrial    Publishers,     Booksellers     and 
l\ii''  IRXXB&. 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  l'a.,  p.  s.  a. 
M-OupNi-w  and  Revised  Catalogue  ot  Practical 

aud  SL-ii'uinlc  Runks,  kk  i\ilts,  *vo..  and  our  other 

i  atalogues  uud  Circulars,  Ui,'\viu>k>coveringevery 

•■'■  applied  to  the  arts,  soul  fret-ana 

i ■•'stage  to  any  one  In  any  part  of  the  world 

who  will  furnish  his  address. 

THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

TR.DC   MARK. 


iM?ABTHUR-F0RRE3T  PROCttJ) 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  -  £110,000  STERLING 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  unbeatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacaRTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  In  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  Cff., 

73  Pine  Street,  Hew  York. 

CYANIDE 

— OF— 

potass  iun, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes. 


Trade  Mark. 


FMoneer  Screen  \A/orlcsl 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  finest  Work!  Lowest  Fricea 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals,  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

**» MIHIHG  SCREEHS  A  SPECIALTY. »»• 

321  and  1933  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


VMS1 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  Blot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
'.Homogeneous  Steel,Cast  i 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  BrasB  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

1A//VY.  H.  BIRCH  <fe  CO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
Cary  Steam  Pumps,  All  Hinds  of  Mining  Machin- 
ery, Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 
Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 
119  Beale   St.,   San  Francisco. 


LEE   D.   CRAIG, 

Motary  Public  and  Commissioner  of  Deeds, 

318  MONTGOMERY  STREET, 

Bet.  California  ana  Pine,  SAN  FKANCISCO,  CaL. 


218 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  6,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  Is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 


Mixing  Items—Bell  Wether. — Republican: 
By  the  terms  of  the  verbal  agreement  be- 
tween S.  W.  Bright  and  Jos.  Underwood  and 
Dr.  Snedeker,  of  Chicago,  for  the  disposal  of 
this  property,  the  latter  are  to  commence 
work  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  May.  Prom 
the  commencement  of  work  until  the  mill  is 
erected  and  in  running  order,  Mr.  Bright  is 
to  receive  $300  per  month.  After  the  mill  is 
in  operation,  20%  of  the  gross  proceeds  is  to  be 
paid  to  the  owner  until  the  full  amount  is 
paid,  which  we  understand  is  #110,000.  The 
purchasers  are  required  not  only  to  commence 
work  at  the  above  time,  but  to  prosecute  de- 
velopment work,  and  the  erection  of  a  mill  to 
completion  as  soon  as  possible. 

Alma. —At  this  mine  the  shaft  has  reached 
a  depth  of  300  feet.  At  the  depth  of  400  feet 
it  is  intended  to  drift  for  the  ledge,  which  it 
is  believed  will  be  tapped  within  100  feet  of 
the  shaft.  While  drifting  is  in  progress,  sink- 
ing will  be  continued — at  any  rate,  to  the  ex- 
tent of  providing  a  sump  to  hold  the  water. 
A  month  or  six  weeks  ought  to  suffice  to  reach 
the  ledge,  unless  its  departure  from  the  usual 
dip  of  the  mother  lode  toward  the  east  is  much 
greater  than  is  supposed.  On  the  surface,  es- 
pecially where,  as  in  this  instance,  the  coun- 
try is  considerably  broken  up  by  upheavals  of 
the  earth's  crust,  the  extent  to  which  this 
has  affected  the  pitch  of  the  ledge  near  the 
surface  is  always  more  or  less  problematical. 

Robert  Aitken  has  sold  his  interest  in  the 
Clyde  quartz  claim  to  the  Kennedy  Mining 
Company,  for  §1500.  The  Clyde  joins  the  Ken- 
nedy on  the  east. 

The  mill  of  the  Smith  brothers,  on  the 
Clough  place,  near  Volcano,  has  come  to  a 
standstill.  The  reason  for  the  stoppage  is  not 
,  known.  It  has  been  reported  that  the  parties 
were  more  than  satisfied  with  the  yield  of  the 
rock  so  far.  and  that  there  was  no  doubt  that 
the  sale  of, the  property  would  be  completed. 
The  shutting  down  of  the  mill  following  the 
circulation  of  these  cheering  reports  is  inex- 
plicable. 

Near  Volcano.— Adams  &  Hanley  have  a 
vein  of  ribbon  rock  on  the  Hanley  claim,  near 
Volcano,  which,  it  is  though,  will  mill  $150. 

The  Hancock,  Middle  Bar  District. — 
The  company  which  is  prospecting  the  Han- 
cock mine  has  driven  its  tunnel  in  southward 
in  the  footwall  of  the  ledge  and  is  in  a  little 
over  200  feet  and  still  pushing  forward. 
Harry  Summers  has  charge  of  the  work. 

The  Alma,  Jackson  District. — In  order  to 
enable  them  to  make  some  kind  of  estimate 
as  to  the  timber  to  order  this  summer,  and 
incidentally  to  ascertain  the  pitch  of  the 
ledge  and  its  value,  the  Alma  people  sus- 
pended sinking  a  few  days  ago  and  are  now 
engaged  in  crosscutting  to  the  ledge  from  the 
.400  level.  As  soon  as  the  ledge  is  encoun- 
tered, and  its -width,  pitch  and  assay  value 
ascertained,  they  propose  to  continue  sinking. 


- ..'Around  Bangor. — The  Catskill  has  forty 
men  at  work  and  the  gravel  has  paid  regularly 
since  the  new  company  began  operations.  The 
owners  of  the  Turner  mine  have  struck  ex- 
cellent gravel  and  will  soon  be  taking  out  gold. 
Two  young  men,  Peter  Berdell  and  Heni'y 
Devol,  while  out  prospecting  for  quart/,  struck 
a  pocket  of  quartz  gold  and  took  out  $800  in 
five  hours  work. 

Ox  Holte'sFlat.— The  Holte  Mining  Com- 
pany is  developing  a  gravel  mine  on  Holte's 
Flat.  Supt.  Burroughs  has  a  crew  of  men 
engaged  in  running  a  cut  from  the  flat  to 
the  river.  He  expects  in  a  short  time  to  strike 
bedrock  and  theo  will  commence  drifting. 

Around  Magalia. — At  the  Alki  mine  sever- 
al men  are  employed :  Supt.  Geo.  Parry  will 
soon  be  taking  out  gold. 

The  incline  on  the  Aurora  mine  is  down  100 
feet;  "  There  is  but  little  water  in  the  bottom 
and  the  surface  water  does  notoccassion  much 
trouble.  About  ten  men  are  at  work  and  they 
will  reach  the  face  of  the  old  workings  about 
the  first  of  May. 

In  the  big  Magalia  mine  matters  are  assum- 
ing shape  for  renewed  sinking  of  the  great 
shaft.  A  big  Dow  pump,  weighing  14,000 
pounds,  or  about  three  times  as  much  as  the 
ordinary  mining  pump,  is  being  built  in  San 
Francisco  and  will  soon  be  completed.  A  gi- 
gantic compressor  is  in  place  and  is  run  by 
water  power.  The  air  compressor  is  a  com- 
pound one  and  exerts  immense  power.  This 
will  be  used  for  pumping.  The  hoist  will  be 
run  by  water  power.  There  is  now  about  100 
feet  of  water  in  the  shaft,  but  this  will  soon 
be  pumped,  out  and  work  resumed  in  sinking 
the  shaft.  The  air  compressor  is  capable  of 
exerting  a  force  equal  to  300-horse  power, 
while  double  this  power  can  be  developed  in 
case  of  necessity. 

Calaveras. 

Boston  Mine. — Chronicle:  The  water-power 
hoist  is  in  running  order  and  of  sufficient  ca- 
pacity to  sink  the  shaft  500  feet.  The  two- 
compartment  shaft  has  reached  a  depth  of  50 
feet.  The  winze  inside  of  the  main  tunnel 
has  been  sunk  45  feet  and  a  crosscut  made  to 
the  footwall  of  10  feet  in  very  rich  quartz 
heavily  charged  with  galena  sulphurets.  A 
milling  test  of  the  winze  ore  gave  $65  in  gold 
and  T  ounces  in  silver.  Five  hundred  feet  to 
the  south  of  the  shaft  the  lead  has  been  cut 
across  with  an  open  cut  and  the  vein  was 
found  to  be  35  feet  wide  and  giving  an  aver- 
age assay  of  $7.53.  This  part  of  the  lode  will 
furnish  quartz  for  a  twenty-stamp  mill  for 
the  next  ten  years  at  a  large  profit,  for  the 
quartz  can  be  broken  and  milled  for  $1  per 
ton.  No  hoisting  of  ore  need  be  done,  as 
there  are  '225  feet  of  backs  above  the   tufinel 


level.  Seventeen  men  are  at  work  preparing 
the  mine  for  cheap  and  economical  working 
when  the  twenty- stamp  mill  shall  have  been 
put  in  for  crushing  ore,  which  will  probably  be 
during  the  next  ninety  days. 
El  Dorado. 

The  Tockey  Mine.—  The  ten-stamp  mill   at 
the  Tockey  mine  is  nearing  completion. 


Iuyo. 

Near  Indian  Wells.— J.  Lee  and  F.  Meysan 
are  reported  to  have  discovered  the  biggest 
gold  ledge  and  property  ever  found  in  the 
county,  near  Indian  Wells.  Some  rich  sam- 
ples are  shown  in  Keeler.  About  ten  claims 
have  been  located  and  all  the  available  ground 
has  been  taked  up.  No  flattering  reports 
have  been  received  only  from  the  first  location, 
which  may  only  be  a  small  rich  pocket. 

Mendocino  • 

A  Probable  Find.— Mendocino  produces 
other  things  than  lumber.  Miners  with 
primitive  appliances  years  ago  made  as  much 
as  $3  a  day  out  of  the  gravel  in  Gold  gulch,, 
some  few  miles  north  of  Ukiah,  at  times  in  a 
rainy  season,  when  there  was  plenty  of  water 
available,  and  now  a  gold-bearing  quartz 
ledge  is  reported  discovered  on  the  south  fork 
of  Big  river. 

Nevada. 

A  Probable  Purchase. — Louis  Janih  has 
been  looking  at  the  Boss  mine  on  the  San 
Juan  ridge,  and  it  is  thought  Jas.  D.  Hague 
will  shortly  buy  it. 

An  Assessment. — An  assessment  of  five 
cents  per  share  has  been  levied  by  the  Gold 
Point  Consolidated  Gold  and  Silver  Mining 
Company. 

Getting  Ready. — Transcript:  W.  F.  JCngle- 
bright  is  engaged  in  surveying  the  exterior 
and  interior  boundaries  of  the  Mayflower 
quartz  mine,  at  Canada  Hill,  and  will  make  a 
map  of  the  property  for  the  company. 

At  Meadow  Lake. — Republican :  Salt  Lake 
men  are  bonding  mines  in  Meadow  Lake  dis- 
trict. It  is  understood  that  the  Salt  Lakers 
have  discovered  a  process  by  means  of  which 
the  ores  of  the  district  can  be  profitably 
worked.  About  the  only  base  metal  in  the 
ore  is  iron.  The  great  trouble  is  a  super- 
abundance of  iron.  Most  of  the  lodes  maybe 
described  as  veins  of  iron  ore  containing  gold. 
In  the  early  days  when  these  mines  were  first 
discovered  a  great  deal  of  gold  was  obtained 
by  sluicing,  panning  and  sacking  the  decom- 
posed croppings  of  the  veins,  but  at  depth, 
where  the  iron  was  bright  and  solid,  no  mill- 
ing process  would  get  the  gold.  1  have 
always  believed,  says  Dan  De  Quille,  that  the 
cheapest  way  to  work  the  ore  would  be  to 
crush  it,  run  it  out  upon  a. patio,  salt  it  down 
and  leave  it  till  thoroughly  oxidized  and  de- 
composed, when  it  would  be  an  easy  matter  to 
wash  out  the  gold. 

The  Harmony. — Herald:  In  the  Harmony 
gravel  mines  at  Nevada  City  a  drift  is  now 
being  run  across  the  channel.  It  is  now  in  130 
feet,  and  the  gravel  is  still  good.  As  soon  as 
the  mine  is  opened  so  that  men  may  be  worked 
to  advantage,  a  large  force  will  be  put  on. 

WASHINGTON    DISTRICT. 

Getting  Ready. — Herald:  Supt.  Fisk  is 
preparing  for  the  summer's  work  on  the 
Ogdensburg  and  St.  Lawrence  gravel  mines 
at  the  headwaters  of  Fall  creek.  On  account 
of  the  deep  snow  all  operations  were  suspend- 
ed, but  as  soon  as  possible  the  development 
work  will  be  continued.  Excellent  prospects 
have  been  obtained  so  far  and  all  the  indica- 
tions are  towards  improvement. 

Orange. 

Reopening  tiie  BlueLigdt.—  Orange  News: 
The  Blue  Light  mine,  in  the  Silverado  can- 
yon, is  beiug  reopened.  The  trail  to  the  mine 
has  been  cleared  and  widened,  and  Mr.  Dun- 
lap  has  just  returned  from  San  Francisco, 
where  he  purchased  all  the  machinery  neees- 
saiy  to  break,  pulverize  and  coucentrate  the 
ore.  A  ditch  is  being  constructed  along  the 
north  side  of  the  canyon,  where,  in  a  distance 
of  half  a  mile,  over  134  feet  fall  can  be  ob- 
tained. The  water  will  be  utilized  as  power 
and  will  operate  the  machinery  by  means  of  a 
Pelton  water-wheel.  The  ore  contains  both 
gold  and  silver  in  paying  quantities. 

Placer. 

Mine  Bonded. — Herald:  Bell,  Seaver  & 
Wyman  have  bonded  their  rich  claim  at  New 
England  Mills  to  Messrs.  Col.  Wallace,  B.  F. 
Hartley,  G.  E.  Evans  and  M.  T.  Lawrence. 
The  figure  is  said  to  be  a  large  one. 

Mining  Notes.— Sentinel:  Preparations  are 
being  made  at  the  Alta  mine  to  draw  the 
water  from  the  old  works  before  connection  is 
made  through  the  new  tunnel.  It  is  expected 
to  tap  the  old  mine  some  time  during  the  com- 
ing summer. 

W.  Gray  is  running  an  upraise  in  his  mine, 
the  Rough  and  Ready,  at  Dutch  Flat,  and 
soon  expects  to  tap  gravel. 

Phil  Bailey  and  John  Uren  have  begun 
work  in  the  Oak  and  Cedar  mine,  just  below 
Dutch  Flat.  They  will  drive  the  bedrock 
tunnel  ahead  and  hope  to  strike  the  channel 
in  about  fifty  feet.  The  tunnel  is  in  about 
500  feet  already. 

Everything  is  in  readiness  at  the  Golden 
Shaft  to  erect  the  mill  recently  purchased, 
with  the  exception  of  the  timbers,  which  will 
have  to  be  brought  from  below,  as  it  will  be 
too  late  to  wait  for  the  mills  to  start  up. 
Owing  to  the  excellent  quality  of  gravel 
found  in  this  mine,  its  futui*e  is  awaited  with 
much  interest.  If  it  proves  a  success  it  will 
doubtless  stimulate  prospecting  very  much  in 
the  vicinity  of  Dutch  Flat  and  Gold  Run. 

Plumas. 

The  Butterfly  Mine. — National-Bulletin: 
In  consequence  of  a  lack  of  power  only  five 
stamps  of  the  mill  of  the  Butterfly  mine  are 
running. 

Around  LaPorte. — The  Pioneer  mine  has 
an   increased   number  of  men   and   is  paj'ing 


handsomely.  The  Cleghorn  is  pi"eparing  for 
considerable  work  this  season.  Packer  & 
Hendle  are  about  to  work  several  miles  of  the 
bed  of  Slate  creek. 

The  Thistle  Mine.— Nearly  100  men  are 
now  employed  in  and  about  the  Thistle  mine, 
which  is  considered  to  be  the  richest  drift 
mine  in  northern  California. 

Riverside. 

Around  Perris.— At  the  Good  Hope  mine 
fifty-three  men  are  now  employed  ;  the  output 
is  about  fifty  tons  of  ore  daily.  The  Santa 
Rosa,  six  miles  distant,  has  a  320-feet  shaft 
and  about  1440  feet  of  drifts.  A  ten  stamp 
mill  daily  handles  twenty-five  tons  of  $20  ore. 
Thirty-two  men  are  employed.  The  Santa  Fe 
is  close  to  the  Santa  Rosa  and  is  being  reworked 
by  Supt.  Stover  with  good  indications. ,  There 
are  about  forty  claims  in  the  vicinity  in  which 
considerable  developing  work  is  now  being 
done. 

Sail  Bernard  iuq. 

VANDEKBILT  district. 

Montgomery  is  still  pushing  ahead,  and  will 
in  all  probability  inakea  lasting  camp.  There 
is  not  only  one  good  mine  there,  but  several. 
A  large  portion  of  the- ore  is  of  very  rich  char- 
acter, running  as  high  as  §500  to  the  ton  in 
gold,  and  is  also  very  free  milling.  There  are 
at  the  present  time  tweuty-five  tons  of  ma- 
chinery on  the  road  for  this  camp,  and  two 
six-horse  teams  have  been  busy  for  some  time 
past  hauling  provisions  alone  from  Vanderbilt. 
There  are  forty  men  employed,  with  a  likeli- 
hood of  several  more  being  put  on  in  the 
course  of  two  or  three  weeks.  Montgomery  is 
about  130  miles  from  Vanderbilt. 

Gus  Williams  and  Pete  Wagner  are  having 
ten  tons  of  Shadow  mountain  ore  milled  at 
Campbell's  mill. 

Several  of  the  men  who  worked  for  Gaselle 
at  the  Shadow  Mountain  mines  have  placed 
an  attachment  on  the  property  for  two  months' 
pay.  It  is  reported  that  there  is  plenty  of 
good  ore  in  sight,  enough  to  more  than  pay 
off  the  indebtedness,  providing  the  mill  can 
save  a  large  proportion  of  the  gold. 

In  Holcomb  Valley. — The  Holcomb  Co.,  an 
English  company,  is  working  twenty-five  men 
on  their  placer  property,  using  a  steam  shovel 
and  revolving  screen  amalgamator,  the  six 
feet  gravel  bed  going  from  forty  cents  to  §1.00 
per  yard.  Considerable  money  hasjbeen  spent 
on  this  property  and  present  indications  favor 
satisfactory  returns. 

San  Diego. 

RICE  DISTRICT. 

At  this  new  district,  near  Warner's  ranch, 
the  Daisy  and  Bertha  shows  a  three  foot  vein 
of  $30  ore.  A  350-feet  tunnel  is  being  run. 
The  Morning  Star  and  .Yellow  Hammer  are 
being  developed,  each  showing  a  four-feet  vein 
of  pay  ore.  A  fine  stamp  custom  mill  will  be 
built  this  season. 

BANNER  DISTRICT. 

Fifteen  dollar  rock  is  being  produced  at  the 
Ready  Relief  and  Redwood  mines.  In  the 
Hubbard,  adjoining,  a  tunnel  100  feet  below 
the  old  works  is  being  run  to  the  ledge. 

Shasta. 

A  Sample  op  Many.— Free  Press:  H.Coch- 
ran, a  prosperous  miner  of  French  Gulch,  was 
here  this  week  to  tile  a  mineral  affidavit 
in  the  Land  Office  on  the  odd-numbered  section 
on  which  his  claim  is  located.  He  can  offer 
ample  proof  that  the  land  is  mineral  in  charac- 
ter, for  iuside  of  one  month  he  took  out  ore  i 
that  netted  him  $1500  in  cash.  He  crushed  | 
fifty  tons  which  average  $40  to  the  ton. 

A  Lucky  Find.— Redding  Free  Press:,  Re- 
cently one  Taylor,  who  came  up  here  to  work  ' 
for  the  sandstone  company  on  Clear  creek, 
was  fortunate  enough  to  find  a  piece  of  gold 
and  quartz  which  weighed  53  ounces.  Clear 
creek  has  been  rich  in  placers,  and  this  man 
had  occasion  to  repair  a  fence  where  there 
was  an  old  dump  pile  of  tailings.  On  this 
dump,  amid  stones  and  gravel,  lay  this  lump 
of  gold  and  quartz  as  big  as  your  two  fists. 
Of  course  he  picked  it  up,  and  at  once  became 
richer  by  at  least  $000.  No  doubt  this  nugget 
had  been  deposited  years  before  by  some 
placer  miner,  who  threw  it  away,  covered 
with  mud,  with  stones  from  his  longtom. 
Tbe  man  who  had  earned  it  by  his  labor  did 
not  get  it,  but  a  stranger  instead. 

A  few  weeks  ago,  near  Delta,  a  miner,  in 
clearing  away  a  place  to  erect  an  arrastra, 
picked  up  a  lump  of  gold  weighing  $63.  Gold 
will  be  found  from  time  to  time  until  the  day 
of  resurrection. 

The  Tellurium.  —  Free  Press:  William 
Stevens  has  the  contract  to  erect  the  works 
for  the  Tellurium  Company,  which  he  expects 
to  finish  about  the  middle  of  next  month.  The 
process  for  saving  the  gold,  as  introduced  by 
A.  F.  Murdoff,  and  briefly  explained  by 
Stevens,  is  as  follows :  The  ore  will  first  go 
through  the  rock  breaker,  then  into  a  drier ; 
from  the  drier  to  the  stamps  at  present  in 
position,  which  will  be  used  temporarily  until 
a  pulverizer  is  provided.  The  product  will 
then  be  elevated  to  tanks  containing  a  secret 
solution  which  is  supposed  to  dissolve  the 
gold.  The  gangue  will  next  be  run  into  a 
filter,  through  which'-the  solution  will  be 
forced  by  means  of  steam,  and  will  then  be 
conducted  to  precipitating  tanks,  where, 
after  the  gold  is  precipitated,  the  solution 
will  be  elevated  to  the  tanks  first  mentioned, 
to  be  used  on  the  next  batch  of  ore.  By  this 
process  it  is  expected  to  make  a  profit  on  low- 
grade  ore. 

A  Rich  Mine. — Free  Prcus:  Ellery  brothers, 
who  own  a  mine  at  French  Gulch,  recently 
discovered  and  located,  made  a  cleanup  from 
a  short  run  of  about  a  week  with  a  Hunting- 
ton mill,  and  got  160  ounces  of  amalgam,  or 
about  S1600. 

Sierra. 

The  Alaska  Mine.—  Grass  Valley  Tidings: 
It  is  reported  that  tbe  mill  at  the  Alaska  mine 
had  to  be  shut  down,  owing  to  the   machinery 


being  worn  out.  A  new  mill  will  probably 
have  to  be  built,  and  it  is  thought  an  electric 
plant  will  be  put  in. 

Sonoma. 

Declaring  Dividends.  — James  Mead,  a 
stockholder  in  the  Great  Eastern  quicksilver 
mine,  twelve  miles  from  Healdsburg,  reports 
that  thirty  men  are  at  present  employed  in 
that  mine,  and  healthy  dividends  are  being 
declared. 

NEVADA. 


On  the  Uomstock.— The  average  of  Con. 
Cal.  &  Virginia  ore  is  rapidly  rising.  It  is 
now  up  to  §56.83  a  ton.  The  Chollar  people 
are  shipping  ore  to  the  Nevada  mill  that  aver- 
ages $33.46  a  ton.  The  Nevada  mill  is  in 
Virginia  City,  and  is  run  by  electricity.  The 
Potosi  is  yielding  ore  that  averages  $48.53  a 
ton.  The  low-grade  Savage  ore,  now  being 
mined,  averages  819.86.  The  Crown  Point 
low-grade  averages  $9.86,  SS.73  of  which  is 
gold.  They  extract  about  650  tons  a  week. 
The  ore  of  the  Belcher  goes  ¥17.26  a  ton.  At 
the  Alta  they  have  found  an  eighteen-inch 
streak  that  averages  §40.  The  ere  of  the  Hale 
&  Norcross  averages  §48.80.  On  the  500  level 
of  the  Occidental  they  now  have  ore  that  av- 
erages $41  a  ton. 

The  Tollowing  official  reports  have  been 
placed  on  file  in  their  respective  offices: 

Belcher.— On  the  300-foot  level  the  joint 
Belcher  and  Seg.  Belcher  drift  is  in  112  feet 
from  the  shaft :  the  face  shows  porphyry  and 
quartz  of  no  value.  They  have  hoisted  during 
the  week  and  stowed  in  the  ore  dump  at  the 
mine  37  tons  of  ore  of  the  average  top-car 
samples  assay  value  of $83.95  per  ton. 

Challenge.— From  the  surface  tunnel  the 
joint  Confidence  and  Challenge  raise  is  up  37 
feet;  top  shows  quartz  of  no  value. 

Seg.  Belcher.— On  the  200-foot  level  the 
main  south  drift  is  now  454  feet  from  the 
Belcher  shaft;  face  in  porphyry.  Hoisted 
during  the  week  and  stored  in  the  ore-house 
at  the  miue  ten  tons  of  ore,  the  average  top- 
car  samples  of  whk'h  show  an  average  assav 
value  of  $33.15  per  ton. 

Savage.— On  the  050-foot  level  the  south 
drift  started  from  face  of  the  sill  floor,  south- 
east drift,  was  advanced  is  feet;  face  is  in 
low-grade  ore.  The  east  prospecting  drift, 
started  from  the  fifth  floor  of  the  ore  stopes 
above  the  1000  level,  is  advanced  36  feet.  This 
drift  has  passed  through  30  feet  of  low-grade 
quartz.  They  are  repairing  the  main  hoisting 
shaft  from  the  050  to  the  850  level,  and  have 
hoisted  no  ore  during  the  week.  On  March 
20th  they  shipped  to  the  United  States  Mint 
at  Carson  232  lbs  of  bullion  of  the  assay  value 
of  $5378;  net  coin  value  of  the  same  $3276. 

Crown  Point.— In  the  Crown  Point  mine 
during  tbe  past  week  they  continued  to  ex- 
tract from  the  stopes  between  the  600  and  700 
levels,  and  above  the  former  the  usual  amount 
of  ore,  and  have  shipped  to  the  Mexican  mill 
544  tons  and  080  .pounds  of  the  same.  The 
average  battery  sample  was  $11.24  per  ton,  of 
which  $0.95  was  gold.  There  is  no  particular 
change  in  the  condition  of  the  stopes  except 
that  above  the  600-foot  level  the  pay  has  nar- 
rowed and  is  practically  exhausted,  but 
as  they  follow  north  on  the'  (iOO-foot  level  the 
width  is  maintained  and  the  grade  is  from 
$7.50  to  $10  per  ton. 

LINCOLN . 

Big  Ore  Body.— The  Salt  Lake  Tribune 
tells  of  a  big  find  of  valuable  ore  near  the 
boundary  line  between  Utah  and  Nevada,  in 
Lincoln  county.  There  is  said  to  be  more  than 
an  acre  of  surface  croppings,  which  assay  65  to 
16  in  gold  and  $4  in  silver.  The  property  is 
located  fifty  miles  west  of  Frisco,  Utah,  in  a 
country  that  affords  abundance  of  wood  and 
water  for  mining  purposes.  The  expert  became 
so  delighted  with  the  property  that  he  took  a 
bond  on  it,  the  amount  of  which  is  understood 
to  run  considerably  above  $100,000. 

ARIZONA. 

TOMISSTONE  DISTRICT. 

Golden  Queen  Mining  Co.  -The  Prospector 
is  in  receipt  of  information,  from  undoubted 
authority,  of  the  incorporation  of  a  company  of 
New  Orleans  capitalists  to  work  a  group  of 
mines  in  Tombstone  district. 

The  company  is  capitalized  for  $1,000,000, 
divided  into  $100,000  shares  of  a  par  value  of 
$10  each.  The  sum  of  $50,000  has  been  paid  in 
as  a  working  capital.  T^he  name  of  the  cor- 
poration is  tbe  Golden  Queen  Mining  Co.  The 
Plans  have  not  all  been  perfected  yet,  but  it 
can  be  positively  stated  that  inside  of  thirty 
days  work  will  be  commmenced  on  a  large 
scale  on  some  of  the  choicest  virgin  ground  in 
this  district. 

Big  Bug.— Courier:  There  is  daily  expecta- 
tion that  the  Pratt  mill  will  be  started  up  when 
the  Bell,  the  Belcher,  Hamilton  and  Poland 
will  begin  to  take  out  ore. 

Lynx  Creek.— The  Howell  or  Morse  mill  on 
Lynx  creek  has  been  running  on  ore  from  a 
claim  between  the  Pine  Mountain  and  Shelton 
group. 

The  Harqua  Hala. — Times:  This  gold-min- 
ing camp,  located  northeast  of  Yuma,  in  Yuma 
county,  still  remains  one  of  the  best  camps  on 
the  Pacific  coast  as  a  bullion  producer. 

The  number  of  men  at- work  on  the  com- 
pany's property  is  about  100,  and  there  are  500 
people  in  the  camp. 

Considerable  prospecting  and  development 
work  is  going  on  in  the  district  on  private 
claims.  The  ore  which  is  being  run  through 
the  mill  is  from  the  Bonanza  and  Golden 
Eagle,  the  ore  from  the  latter  having  to  be 
hauled  a  couple  of  miles.  According  to  the 
superintendent's  reports  the  bullion  output 
for  the  past  year  has  been  from  $15,000  to  $25,- 
000  a  month.  Freight  still  goes  in  by  way  of 
Aztec,  as  the  new  railroad  does  not  go  near 
enough  to  the  camp  to  lessen  the  distance  to 
haul. 

Isaac  Hester,  with  twenty  head  of  horses,  is 


April  6,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  PRESb. 


219 


kept  busy  delivering  freight    to  tho   mine,  a 

distance  of  sixty-five  miles. 

hkitimi  COLUMBIA. 

Abound  Thbbi  Forks. — Soft  weather  and 
the  inability  of  the  Kakusp-Slocan  railway  to 

handle  the  nuTput,  has  compelled  the  oloslne 
down  of  the  Reoo  and  Good  enough  mi  DOS,  and 
it  is  not  improbable  but  that  others  will  fol- 
low suit  for  the  same  reasons. 

The  ore  blockade  in  the  different  ware- 
houses and  at  the  concentrator  spm-  reminds 
one  of  the  famous  wheat  blockade  in  the 
Palouse  country  a  few  years  a^o.  Could 
transportation  be  had  the  "product  of  this  win- 
ter would  have  exceeded  the  estimates  made 
last  fall,  which  were  placed  al  10,000  tons. 
The  railway  people  could  not  be  made  to  be- 
lieve this,  however,  and  put  3500  tons  as  the 
quantity  which  would  be  shipped.  From  one 
mine,  the  SlocanStar,  more  than  this  entire 
amouul  has  been  furnished,  and  had  ho  ship- 
ping facilities,  Mr.  White  could  have  doubled 
his  output. 

The  concentrator  below  town  keeps  grinding 
away  on  Alamo  and  Idaho  ore.  Engineers 
have  finished  the  surveys  for  tramway  liues 
leading  from  the  Idaho,  Alamo  and  Cumber- 
land mines  to  the  concentrator.  The  main 
tramway  will  be  double  tracked,  7OU0  feet  in 
length.  From  it  three  others,  from  1500  to 
2000  feet  in  length,  will  lead  to  the  different 
mines  owned  by  the  syndicate.  A  flume  two 
by  three  feet  and  two  miles  in  length  will  be 
built  at  once  to  convey  an  adequate  supply  of 
water  from  the  south  branch  of  Carpenter 
creek  to  the  concentrator,  as  heretofore  the 
entire  works  could  not  be  operated  on  account 
of  a  scarcity  of  this  necessary  agent  in  concen- 
trating. 

Lack  of  funds  to  make  the  second  payment 
has  caused  the  ho  ders  of  the  bond  on  the 
Fisher  Maiden  and  Silverton,  on  Four-Mile 
creek,  to  throw  up  the  boDd,  although  it  is 
claimed  the  mines  looked  well.  Fifty  tons 
were  shipped  last  fall,  which  ranged  from  205 
to  847  ounces  silver  per  ton.  This  is  dry  ore, 
pure  and  simple,  carrying  no  lead.  The  orig- 
inal owners  have  a  fairly  well  developed  prop- 
erty, quite  a  quantity  of  ore  mined,  and  the 
first  cash  payment  to  console  them  for  their 
disappointment. 

Finch  &,  Campbell  have  forfeited  their  bond 
on  the  Wonderful  group,  three  miles  from 
Three  Forks. 

COLORADO. 


Ahound  Idaho  Springs.— Several  mines 
which  have  been  having  ore  treated  at  stamp 
mills  have  tried  the  system  of  concentration, 
and  rind  more  values  are  saved  by  this  proc- 
ess. As  soon  as  arrangements  can  be  per- 
fected with  the  milling  people  the  ore  will  go 
to  the  concentrators  for  reduction.  The  mills 
recently  started  up  are  not  working  to  their 
full  capacity,  as  they  prefer  having  the  ore 
piled  up  than  a  scarcity  on  account  of  the  early 
floods  which  may  interfere  with  the  hauling. 
Contracts  are  being  made  for  future  treatment 
and  the  indications  are  encouraging  for  an 
early  rush.  The  mines  located  back  in  the 
mountains  are  piling  up  ore  and  also  have 
immense  bodies  ready  to  be  taken  out.  Con- 
sidering the  fact  that  the  mills  have  been 
working  all  win*er  On  ore  convenient  to  the 
town  it  can  be  readily  seen  that  every  one  of 
them  will  be  taxed  to  its  full  capacity  work- 
ing twenty-four  hours  each  day  and  seven 
days  each  week.  Yet  all  of  these  will  not  be 
able  to  treat  the  output  of  low-grade  ores. 

There  has  developed  a  great  rivalry  for  lead 
ores  and  that  class  of  ore  which  has  hardly 
paid  treatment  charges  has  taken  such  a  big 
bound  forward  that  a  handsome  profit  can  be 
made  out  of  them.  The  smelters  are  making 
good  offers  to  both  the  ore  buyers  and  the 
miners,  and  leasers  are  trying  to  secure  mines 
producing  lead  ores.  The  camp  has  an  abun- 
dance of  this  class  of  ore  and  wcrk  in  such 
mines  will  alone  cause  great  activity. 

Mollie  Gibson  Report.— The  annual  report 
of  the  Mollie  Gibson  Mining  Company  was 
made  public  last  week.  It  has  been  awaited 
anxiously  for  some  time.  It  is  quite  lengthy. 
The  report  sbows  that,  while  not  comparing 
with  other  years,  there  has  been  a  fair  profit 
from  the  ores  mined.  The  development  work 
b;is  been  largely  confined  to  the  prospecting 
of  a  comparatively  limited  territory  above  the 
tenth  level.  About  September  1st  there  was 
discovered  in  the  ninth  level  about  the  only 
extensive  body  of  ore  opened  up  during  the 
year.  Six  weeks  of  stoping  netted  about 
S150,000,  but  the  ore  was  cut  out  by  a  horse, 
which  stopped  the  dividends,  which  had  been 
resumed. 

The  report  shows  further  that  the  gross 
amount  of  ore  extracted  was  12,425,812  pounds, 
which  contained  764,120.94  ounces  of  silver. 
This  had  a  gross  value  of  §460,452.47,  but  the 
net  cash  returns,  after  all  smelting  and  other 
charges,  was  §356,881.27.  The  company  now 
has  $175,780.17  in  the  treasury,  besides  many 
other  valuable  assets. 

Sale  at  Aspen.— The  Free  Silver  property 
and  fifteen  acres  of  the  Williams  ranch  which 
underlies  the  end  lines  of  the  Smuggler  ground 
has  been  sold  to  the  owners  of  the  Smuggler 
property  for  $200,000. 

IDAHO. 

Reported  Strike  in  the  Alta.— A  Boise, 
Idaho,  dispatch  reports  a  strike  in  the  Alta 
mine  at  De  Lamar.  An  air  shaft  is  being 
sunk.  Some  time  ago  it  struck  into  mineral- 
ized matter,  apparently  a  flat  vein,  similar  in 
that  respect  to  the  other  veins  in  that  vicin- 
ity. Sampling  and  assaying  are  said  to  show 
that  the  average  value  of  the  first  fifty  feet 
of  ore  is  827  per  ton  in  gold.  The  next  eight 
feet  averages  §70  per  ton  in  gold.  Below  this 
the  shaft  has  penetrated  two  and  one-half 
feet  of  ore  that  has  not  yet  been  assayed,  but 
which  shows  to  be  very  rich.  The  Alta  mine 
adjoins  the  De  Lamar  mine.  It  was  recently 
bonded  to  Dutch  parties,  who  have  trans- 
ferred the  bond  to  Chicago;  capitalists. 

MONTANA. 

A  Surface   Strike,— Warren   Decamp  has 


struck  a  good  prospect  on  the  Hulford  ranch, 
about  1000  feet  east  of  the  shaft  he  has  been 
sinking  during  tho  winter,  says  the  Lump 
City  (Mont. J  Miner,  Ata  depth  of  seven  or 
eight  feet  ore  was  encountered  which  assayed 
163JJ  ounces per  ton.  A  surface  assay  went 
$20,  and  tho  improvement  has,  therefore,  been 
very  rapid.  The  quartz  is  tlnu-luoking,  the 
walls  well  defined,  starting  dowu  as  true  as 
if  formed  by  human  hands.  The  lode  a  is 
wide  one,  and  gives  evidence  of  widening 
with  depth.  The  pay  streak  is  from  eighteen 
to  twenty  inches  in  width,  and  if  it  holds  its 
own  or  improves  as  the  shaft  goes  down.  Mr. 
Decamp  will  have  a  bonanza  from  the  grass 
roots.  As  it  is  it  is  one  of  the  most  important 
strikes  that  has  been  made,  on  the  surface,  in 
the  history  of  the  camp. 

Two  Li  mi'-  of  Gold.— Helena  Erufapi  rvU  m : 
Bennett,  of  Granite  county,  passed  over  the 
counter  of  an  assay  office  yesterday  two  re- 
torts of  gold,  the  value  of  which  will  run  some- 
thing over  $0,000.  There  were  880.95  ounces 
in  the  two  retorts,  worlh  about  |16  an  ounce. 
Tho  gold  was  the  result  of  thirteen  and  one- 
half  days'  ruu  of  the  ten-stamp  mill  of  the 
Royal  Gold  Mining  Companvof  Granite  county, 
of  which  Mr.  Bennett  is  the  principal  owner. 
Since  the  Royal  started  up  iu  August,  1893, 
it  has  not  been  shut  dowu  over  two  months. 
In  the  past  year  it  has  paid  $105,000  iu  divi- 
dends. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

KEYSTONE  MINING  DI8TKICT. 

The  Keystone  mining  district  is  on  the 
western  slope  of  the  Culebias  mountains,  and 
is  coursed  by  many  living  streams,  capable  of 
driving  many  stamp  and  saw  mills.  Among 
the  more  important  streams  are  Bitter  creek, 
Lost  Trail  creek  and  the  Red  river.  A  dense 
timber  growth  covers  the  mountain  sides, 
furnishing  fuel,  building  lumber  and  railroad 
ties.  The  district  abuts  on  the  east  on  the 
Costilla  grant,  the  top  of  the  range  being  the 
boundary  established  by  government  survey, 
and  is  quite  near  the*  camp  La  Belle  on  the 
gra^t. 

The  first  locations  in  this  vicinity  were  made 
in  the  La  Belle  district  on  the  grant.  But 
the  miners  were  so  hampered  by  restrictions 
of  the  grant  company  that  last  September 
some  of  the  miners  left  the  La  Belle  district 
to  prospect  on  the  other  side  of  the  Culebras 
range. 

OREGON. 


BAKER. 

Leased  to  Chinamen.— The  Archie  Downie 
claims,  near  the  Sumpter,  have  been  leased 
by  the  owner  to  Chinamen  who  are  to  pay  a 
royalty  of  $300  per  week  during  the  working 
season. 

To  Resume.—  Democrat:  B.  N.  A.  McMil- 
Han,  manager  of  the  Beckwith  Mining  Com- 
pany, is  at  the  Beckwith  mine  looking  after  a 
resumption  of  operations  on  an  extensive  scale 
in  the  near  future. 

Claims  Syndicated.— Democrat:  Fourteen 
of  the  principal  placer  claims  along  the  Grande 
Ronde  river  have  syndicated  and  it  is  expect- 
ed that  some  outside  parties  will  arrive  in  a 
few  days  to  examine  the  same  with  a  view  of 
closing  a  deal  for  the  entire  lot.  H.  A.  Burns, 
of  La  Grande,  has  been  appointed  an  agent  for 
the  sale  of  the  same. 

New  in  Oregon. — Times;  The  Company  in 
which  Judge  Reid,  W.  W.  Milner  and  C.  O. 
White  of  Tacoma  are  interested,  started 
operations  at  their  mines  near  Tolo  this  week. 
The  steam  pumpiugapparatus,  which  furnishes 
a  fine  supply  of  water  from  Rogue  river,  works 
to  perfection  and  inaugurates  a  new  system 
of  mining. 

GALL'S  GREEK  DISTRICT. 

Rich  Ledge.— Lawrence  &  Cameron  of 
Gall's  creek  have  a  rich  ledge,  and  recently 
had  eleven  tons  of  the  ore  crushed  at  the 
Lindley  mill  on  Sardine  creek,  from  which  was 
obtained  §4,800  in  gold  or  nearly  $440  a  ton. 
Gall's  creek  is  one  of  the  richest  districts  in 
Oregon,  but  very  few  well-defined  ledges  have 
as  yet  been  found,  pockets  predominating. 

General  Southern  Oregon  Notes.— Birds- 
ley  &  Co.,  of  Kane's  Creek  district,  have  re- 
sumed piping,  the  late  rains  having  brought 
sufficient  water. 

Frank  Knight  has  traded  his  interest  in 
Kubli&Co.'s  mine  in  Gall's  Creek  district 
for  another  promising  ledge  on  Galice  creek. 

J.  B.  Dyer  has  bonded  the  Shepherd  quartz 
ledge  on  Emigrant  creek,  and  is  engaged  in 
making  preparations  to  develop  the  mine. 

The  Horriestake  mine,  in  Woodville  district, 
is  prospecting  well  and  work  is  being  pushed 
on  it. 

Schrimpf  Bros.,  of  Williams  Creek  district, 
are  working  in  ore  which  produces  an  average 
of  $20  a  ton. 

Bailey  &  Co,,  owners  of  the  Mountain  Lion 
mine  in  Missouri  Flat  district,  will  soon  re- 
sume work. 

The  boiler  and  engine  of  the  Hosley  mill,  on 
the  Siskiyous,  were  shipped  by  John  R. 
Stearns  last  week  to  the  Songer  &  Dame 
mine  on  Klamath  river,  which  will  be  oper- 
ated on  a  large  scale. 

James  Wyatt  and  Scott  Gall,  of  Sam's  val- 
ley, have  struck  a  quartz  ledge  on  Fitzgerald 
mountain,  which  promises  to  be  rich.  Sam- 
ples of  the  ore  have  been  estimated  by  ex- 
perts to  assay  S80  per  ton. 

Work  has  been  resumed  in  the  Anaconda 
mine,  in  Josephine  county,  by  Mr.  King  and 
Arch  Taylor,  of  Grant's  Pass.  Prospects  are 
good.  The  Bone  of  Contention  still  lies  idle, 
awaiting  the  return  of  J.  C.  Ezzell. 

The  stockholders  of  the  Hamraersly  mine, 
in  Jump  off-Joe  precinct,  held  their  annual 
meeting  at  Medford  last  week.  Officers  were 
elected  as  follows :  President,  G.  R.  Ham- 
mersly ;  vice-president,  A.  S.  Hammond ;  sec- 
retary and  treasurer,  J.  L.  Hammersly;  gen- 
eral manager,  Riley  Hammersly.  Although 
the  mine  is  bonded  the  company  will  work 
portions  of  it  until  final  payment  is  made. 

UTAH. 

A  Profitable  Investment.—  Tribune:  A 
cyanide  gold  mine  and  mill  turning  out  $28,- 


000  in  i"  days,  aguiual  an  expense  of  not 

more  than  $4000,  is  one  of  the  interesting 
phenomena  that  Utah  is  now  presenting  to  the 
mining  world.  To  all  appearances  that  record 
can  be  made  continuously  for  an  indefinite 
ength  ol  time.  The  people  to  profit  bv  it  are 
those  lucky  Nebraska  gentlemen,  whoone  year 
or  more  ago  invested  iu  the  Mercur  mine  a1 
Camp  Floyd. 

The  recent  article  from  the  pen  of  Dan  De 
Quille  should  have  been  credited  to  the  Salt 
Lake  Tribuiu . 

WYOMING. 

The  Tait  Mini;  Sold.— A  big  mining  sale 
has  just  been  made  in  the  Wood  River  country 
in  Wyoming.  The  Tait  mine  and  a  few  adjoin- 
ing claims  have  been  sold  to  some  Eastern  cap- 
italists for  $65,000.  Of  this  sum  $25,000  is  to  be 
paid  in  cash  and  the  remaining  $40,000  when 
the  stamp  mill  is  ready  for  operation.  The 
original  owners  will  also  receive  a  royality  of 
fifteen  per  cent  on  the  mill  product.  "The 
mine,  which  is  a  gold  proposition,  is  situated 
on  Franc's  Fork.  The  lead  is  twenty-five  feet 
in  width  and  assays  $0.75  free  gold  to  the  ton. 
The  mine  is  situated  at  almost  an  inaccessible 
point  in  the  mountain.  All  material  and  sup- 
plies have  heretofore  been  taken  in  on  pack 
animals.  The  new  owners  will  build  a  road. 
It  will  cost  $80,000  of  itself.  The  mine  is  but 
three  miles  from  the  boundary  of  the  Yellow- 
stone Park. 

Placer  Deal  Closed.— A  party  of  Rhode 
Island  capitalists,  who  visited  the  Dry  Gulch 
placer  district  on  Snake  river,  has  closed  the 
deal  for  lo00  acres  of  placer  ground.  The  pur- 
chase price,  including  the  ditch,  is  a  little  less 
than  $120,000.  The  money  was  paid  lately. 
They  have  purchased  the  Douglas  water 
right,  which  taps  the  Snake  river  at  Dixon. 
The  contract  for  extending  the  ditch  has  been 
let  to  a  prominent  firm  of  railroad  contractors 
who  will  ship  men  and  teams,  which  were  ex- 
pected to  arrive  last  Monday.  A  new  town 
will  be  laid  out  at  Dry  Gulch,  fifteen  miles 
west  of  Baggs.  Work  will  begin  at  once,  and 
will  be  pushed  with  all  possible  speed. 

Acting  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
Hamlin  has  decided  that  diamond  cut- 
ting in  the  United  States  is  not  a  new 
industry.  Consequently  the  expert 
diamond  cutters  whom  it  was  proposed 
to  briDg  over  from  Hollaed  to  New 
York  to  ply  their  avocation  in  this 
country  may  not  be  admitted  under 
the  contract  labor  law. 


List  of   U.  S.    Patents   for    Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported   by    Dewey  Jfc  Co.,   Pioneer   P»tent 
Solicitor*  for  Pacific  Coant. 


Ridgc- 
Los    Au- 


roB   THE  WEEiK   EN-DIN.;    MABCB  B5,  |(W5. 

I>ish    Washkh-E.    H      Alvonl,    Seattle, 

636,867.— BUdUiB-C.  A.  Conner,  S.  F. 
Altf.iw;.— CViai,  Br.NKEK— Curtis  &  Isaacs,  S  F 
JK?-"~riPK-R-  K-  Douhery,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
WDjlW.— STBAH    ENGINE- W.   R.    Dow,    Alameda, 

-Railways— E.  Gay,  Riverside.  Cal. 
536,JrtO.~\  uting  Machine— F.  H.  Gilbert    " 

Bold,  Wash. 
586,281.— Gab  CoramiG— C.   \V.   Hinton 

eeles,  Cal. 

586,210.— Signal- W.  e.  m.  .Mu-kson,  S.  F. 
oJ6.o<6.— Skirt  Elevator— j.  Mallett,  Oakland, 

530.226.— Separator-j.  d.  McKlnnon,   Portland, 
530,2.33.— Telephone— Sabln  &  Hampton,  S.  F. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fui- 
nlBhed  by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 
by  mall  or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  For- 
eign paiuntH  obtained,  and  general  patent  busiueHK 
tor  Pacldc  Coast  Inventors  transacted  with  perfeel 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the  shortest 
possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


It  is  believed  by  competent  judges 
that  in  times  of  normal  prosperity  the 
demand  for  all-around  machinists  for 
work  on  new  devices  and  special  ma- 
chinery equals  the  curtailment  of  work 
requiring  their  skill  in  shops,  due  to 
the  installation  of  automatic  machinery 
which  machine  hands  can  operate 
equally  well. 

Cockroaches  are  never  wittingly 
slain  by  Chinamen.  They  consider 
them  sacred  insects,  and  think  it  por- 
tends ill  luck  to  step  on  them.  As 
they  never  make  any  effort  to  extermi- 
nate them,  the  Chinese  quarters  are 
usually  overrun  with  these  pests. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
D\  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention: 

Windmill. —  Charles  A.  Norcross,  Reno, 
Nevada.  No.  535,956.  Dated  March  19,  1695. 
This  invention  relates  to  certain  improve- 
ments in  windmills.  It  consists  in  the  em- 
ployment of  two  oppositely  rotating  wheels 
mounted  close  together  upon  the  same  shaft, 
so  that  the  wind  passing  through  one  wheel 
reacts  to  turn  the  other  wheel  in  the  opposite 
direction;  and  in  conjunction  with  this  an  in- 
termediate mechanism  by  which  the  power  of 
each  wheel  is  transferred  to  a  vertical  driv- 
ing shaft,  the  proportion  of  the  mechanism  be- 
ing such  that  while  the  two  wheels  rotate  at 
different  rates  of  speed,  the  power  will  be 
applied  essentially  evenly  to  the  vertical 
shaft.  The  vanes  of  the  wheels  are  made  by 
stretching  metal  sheets  around  the  radial 
straining  rods  and  interior  to  a  supporting 
rim,  the  edges  of  which  are  turned  around 
peripheral  rods. 


Every  steam  pipe  supplying  an  en- 
gine should  be  provided  with  a  drip  close 
above  the  throttle  valve,  that  is,  if  the 
pipe  descends  to  the  engine.  If  it  comes 
below,  of  course,  the  drip  will  have  to 
be  from  the  lowest  point  in  the  steam 
main. 


It  is  said  that  there  are  millions  of 
Chinese  in  the  interior  of  China  who 
are  totally  ignorant  of  the  fact  that  a 
war  has  been  going  on   with  Japan. 


Every  Inventor  Wants  a  Good  Patent 

Or  none  at  all.    To  secure  the  best  patents 
Inventors  have  only  to  address  Dewey  &  Co 
Pioneer  Patent  Agents,  No.  220  Market  St. 
San  Francisco. 

There  are  many  good  reasons  why  Pacific  Coast 
Inventors  should  patronize  this  Home  Agency. 

It  is  the  ablest,  largest,  best,  most  con- 
venient, economical  and  speedy  for  all  Pacific 
Coast  patrons. 

It  is  the  oldest  on  this  side  of  the  American 
continent,  most  experienced,  and  iu  every  wav 
reliable.  J 

Conducted  from  1863  by  its  present  owners 
(A.  T.  Dewey,  W.  B.  Ewer  and  Geo.  H. 
Strong),  this  agency  has  the  best  knowledge 
of  patents  already  issued  and  of  the  state  of 
the  arts  in  all  lines  of  inventions  most  com- 
mon on  this  coast. 

Patents  secured  in  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Mexico,  all  British  colonies  and 
provinces,  England  and  other  civilized  coun- 
tries throughout  the  globe. 

Caveats  filed,  assignments  duly  prepared, 
examinations  made,  and  a  general  Patent 
Agency  business  conducted. 

Established  and  successfully  and  popularly 
conducted  for  nearly  thirty  years,  our  patrons 
number  many  thousands,  to  whom  we  reier 
with  confidence,  as  men  of  influence  and  re- 
liability. Old  and  new  inventors  are  cordially 
offered  the  complimentary  use  of  our  library 
and  free  advice,  etc.  No  other  agency  can 
afford  Pacific  States  Inventors  half  the  ad- 
vantages possessed  by  this  old,  well-tried  and 
experienced  firm. 


LUNKEN  HOSE  GATES. 

The  best  and  mo=t  practical  Hose  Gate  on  the  market.  SIMPLE, 
COMPACT,  DURABLE,  LOW  PRICED.  3+'-inch  to  3  inches, 
with  and  without  finished  cap  and  chain.  ACCEPTED  BY  THE 
INSPECTION  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  ASSOCIATED 
FACTORY  MUTUAL  INSURANCE  COMPANIES.  It  will 
pay  you  to  investigate  this  Vaive.  Write  for  prices 
and  sample.  SATISFACTION  GUARANTEED.  Catalogue 
of  numerous  "  up  to  date  ''  Steam  Specialties,  gratis  upon  request. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


220 


Electrical  Progress. 

An    Important    Enterprise    in 
Mexico. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


.  April  6,  1895. 


A  most  interesting  and  important 
electric-power  installation  is  now  under 
construction  tor  the  Cia.  Anouima  de 
Transmission  Electrica  de  Potencia, 
located  in  the  State  of  Hidalgo,  some 
100  miles  north  of  the  city  of  Mexico. 

The  water  is  taken  from  the  Arroyo 
de  Regla,  a  mountain  stream  having  a 
minimum  supply  of  1500  cubic  feet  per 
minute.  A  natural  rock  dam  at  a  point 
in  the  canyon  impounds  the  water 
sufficiently  to  admit  of  its  being  di- 
verted by  a  cut  through  the  bluff  into 
a  canal  which  follows  mostly  the  con- 
tour of  the  mountain — a  distance  of  V2 
miles.  This  involved  the  cutting  of 
seven  tunnels,  aggregating  a  total 
length  of  1200  feet  through  solid  rock. 

From  the  terminus  of  the  canal  the 
water  is  carried  to  the  power  station 
through  1700  feet  of  thirty-inch  pipe, 
which  affords  a  vertical  head  of  800 
feet,  this  being  of  varying  thickness  to 
correspond  to  the  pressure  at  various 
points  on  the  line,  the  lowest  portion 
being  made  of  steel  three-fourths  of  an 
inch  thick.  The  pipe  line  discharges 
into  a  receiver  forty  inches  in  diameter 
by  seventy-five  feet  long,  with  which 
the  wheels  are  connected  by  lateral 
brauches.  This  is  made  of  flange-steel 
plates  three-fourths  of  an  inch  thick, 
tested  to  700  pounds  water  pressure, 
and  weighsupwards  of   50.000  pounds. 

The  power  station  consists  of  five 
Pelton  wheels,  forty  inches  in  diameter, 
of  capacity  of  400-horse  power  each, 
directly  connected  to  the  same  number 
of  twelve-pole,  three-phase  generators 
running  at  a  speed  of  (500  revolutions, 
delivering  the  current  at  a  pressure  of 
TOO  volts;  also  two  twenty-four-inch 
Pelton  wheels  speeded  at  1700  revolu- 
tions for  running  the  exciters.  The 
step-up  transformers  are  wound  for  a 
ratio  of  one  to  fifteen,  making  the  line 
potential  a  little  over  10,000  volts  at 
the  generator  end.  There  are  three 
transformer  sub-stations  in  which  air- 
blast  transformers  are  to  be  used. 
Pelton  differential  governors  are  at- 
tached .to  each  wheel  for  the  purpose 
of  regulation. 

This  station  is  to  supply  power  to 
the  mines  of  the  Rio  del  Monte  Com- 
pany— one  of  the  most  extensive  min- 
ing organizations  in  the  world,  employ- 
ing upwards  of  S0O0  men.  The  power 
is  to  be  used  for  operating  mining  ma- 
chinery, such  as  stamp  mills,  crushers, 
pumps,-  hoists,  ventilators,  etc.  The 
mines  of  this  company,  said  to  be  the 
richest  in  Mexico,  are  located  within  a 
radius  of  tweuty.  miles,  the  maximum 
distance  of  power  transmission  being 
twenty-three  miles  and  the  mean  dis- 
tance about  eighteen  miles.  Various 
other  mines  iu  the  vicinity  will  also  be 
supplied  with  power  from  this  station 
and  the  city  of  Pachuca  also  furnished 
with  light.  A  market  for  the  entire 
power  being  thus  afforded  at  highly  re- 
munerative rates,  the  financial  success 
of  the  enterprise  is  assured — in  fact,  it 
is  claimed  that  the  entire  outlay,  some 
$300,000,  will  -  be  returned  to  the  com- 
pany iu  two  years'  time  from  the  saving 
effected  in  fuel  heretofore  required  in 
carrying  on  their  various  operations, 

This  important  enterprise,  involving 
many  difficult  engineering  problems, 
originated  with  aud  is  being  carried  to 
completion  uuder  the  direction  of  Seuor 
R.  M.  de  Arozarena.  an  accomplished 
engineer,  resident  of  the  city  of  Mex- 
ico, also  a  director  of  the  company. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Company,  of 
San  Francisco  and  New  York,  has  the 
contract  for  the  hydraulic  part  of  the 
work,  and  the  Thomson-Houston  Inter- 
national Company,  of  New  York,  for  the 
installation  of  the  electrical  machinery. 
The  plant  is  expected  to  be  in  running 
order  in  about  ninety  days,  when  some 
further  particulars  will  be  given  as  to 
its  operation. 

Considering  the  maguitude  of  the 
work,  the  extreme  water  pressure,  the 
variety  and  extent  of  machinery  to  be 
operated,  as  well  as  the  difficulties  at- 
i  ending  the  transportation  and  erec- 
ion  of  such  massive  machinery  in  a 
nountainous    aud   almost    inaccessible 


region,  this  may  be  regarded  as  alto- 
gether the  most  remarkable  electric- 
power  installation  so  far  made  in  any 
part  of  the  world. 

The  Legal  Aspects  of  Electrolysis. 

It  is  at  the  present  time  a  well-settled 
fact  that  a  continuing  and  serious  dam- 
age is  done  to  buried  gas  and  water 
pipes  and  to  the  metal  sheaths  of  buried 
telephone  aud  other  cables  by  the  action 
of  electricity  as  now  generally  employed 
by  electric  railway  companies  for  pro- 
pelling their  cars,  and,  while  efforts  are 
being  made  to  obviate,  the  trouble,  the 
success  of  the  remedies  proposed  or 
their  suitability  for  constantly  chang- 
ing conditions  is  somewhat  doubtful,  so 
long  as  the  rails  are  employed  as  a  part 
of  the  electric  return  circuit. 

It  is  generally  admitted  that  a  com- 
plete remedy  is  found  in  the  use  of  a 
return  circuit  entirely  insulated  from 
the  earth,  such  as  would  be  afforded  by 
the  use  of  a  double  trolley  wire;  but 
there  is  a  natural  aversion  on  the  part 
of  the  street  railway  companies  to  such 
an  expedient  because  of  its  expense, 
although  it  may  be  seriously  questioned 
whether  the  deterioration  or  corrosion 
of  the  rails  themselves,  when  buried  in 
the  earth  and  used  as  a  return  circuit, 
is  not  a  source  of  loss  whose  magni- 
tude, if  fully  appreciated,  would  virtu- 
ally compel  the  adoption  of  this  remedy. 

The  disposition,  however,  is  to  palli- 
ate the  evil,  if  possible,  by  improving 
the  conductivity  at  the  rail  joints, 
thereby  furnishing  so  good  a  path  for 
the  return  current  that  the  amount  di- 
verted to  the  earth  and  to  buried  con- 
ductors will  not  produce  a  material 
injury.  The  injury  arising  from  imper- 
fect bonding  had,  however,  grown  to 
be  very  great  before  the  extent  of  the 
evil  had  been  suspected,  and  will  con- 
tinue to  exist  wherever  the  bonding  is 
imperfectly  done  or  where  it  may  dete- 
riorate. 

The  question  arises  on  this  general 
state  of  facts:  Upon  whom  does  the 
responsibility  rest  for  the  injuries  here- 
tofore accruiug,  or  which  may  hereafter 
arise,  from  the  corrosive  action  of  the 
railway  currents  ?  This  question  Henry 
C.  Townsend  discusses  in  a  very  sug- 
gestive and  interesting  manner  in  the 
April  number  of  Cassiers  Magazine,  an- 
alyzing the  subject  from  au  expert's 
standpoint  and  indicating  what  may 
be  expected  in  the  wa}r  of  compensa- 
tion from  electric  street  railroad  com- 
panies for  damages  resulting  from  their 
power  circuits. 

Electricity  in    the   Seventies. 


The  rapidly  growing  iuterest  of  the 
public  in  things  electrical  is  being  met 
by  a  much  higher  standard  of  electrical 
information  in  the  leading  daily  papers, 
and  one  result  of  this  popular  educa- 
tion is  that  it  is  by  no  means  an  un- 
common thing  to  hear  practical  elec- 
trical questions  discussed  with  much 
intelligence  by  those  who  have  had  a 
technical  training.  This  is  the  more 
noticeable  when  the  dense  ignorance  in 
regard  to  the  phenomena  of  electricity 
which  reigned  outside  of  professional 
circles  not  many  years  ago  is  con- 
sidered. C.  F.  Brush,  who  is  well 
known  as  one  of  the  pioneers  of  elec- 
tric lighting  in  this  country,  recently 
told  a  convention  of  the  National  Elec- 
tric Light  Association  something  of  his 
experience  in  1S78,  when  the  first  arc- 
lighting  machine  was  started  in  Cin- 
cinnati. The  light  was  exhibited  from 
a  balcouy  on  one  of  the  principal 
streets.  It  was  a  4000  candle  light, 
and,  of  course,  it  attracted  a  large 
crowd  of  the  natives.  A  singular 
point  about  the  crowd  was  that  every 
man  in  it  seemed  anxious  and  ready  to 
tell  his  neighbor  all  about  the  wonder- 
ful new  light.  One  man  collected  quite 
an  audience  about  him.  He  called  at- 
tention to  the  solenoid  at  the  top  of 
the  lamp.  "That,"  he  said,  "is  the 
can  that  holds  the  oil;"  and  speakingof 
the  side  rod  of  the  lamp,  '-'  that  is  the 
tube  which  conducts  the  oil  from  the 
can  to  the  burner."  He  said  nothing 
whatever  about  electricity,  but  the 
oversight  was  not  noticed  by  his 
hearers.  One  of  the  earliest  lighting 
machines   was    about  the    same    time 


taken  to  Cleveland,  where  it  was.  shown 
in  operation  to  a  number  of  invited 
guests  by  a  local  engineering  firm. 

One  of  the  guests  looked  the  whole 
apparatus  over  very  carefully  for 
about  half  an  hour,  and  then,  pointing 
to  the  line  wire,  said  to  Mr.  Brush: 
"How  large  is  the  hole  in  that  wire 
that  the  electricit}'  flows  through?" 
Another  spectator,  who  was  connected 
with  the  company  in  whose  works  the 
machine  was  being  shown,  watched  its 
operation  for  about  five  minutes  in 
silence.  By  that  time  he  had  digested 
the  whole  thing  and  was  ready  to  tell 
Mr.  Brush  all  about  it.  He  said: 
"The  electricity  in  that  thing  is  gen- 
erated by  that  revolving  business 
there,  rubbing  the  air  up  against  these 
iron  blades  (meaning  the  field  magnets) 
just  as  you  get  sparks  when  you  rub  a 
cat's  back."  Mr.  Brush  ventured  to 
remark  that,  while  that  might  be  a 
good  theory,  it  did  not  fully  meet  the 
facts.  The  objection  was  promptly 
put  aside:  "The  whole  thing  is  plain. 
If  you  should  run  that  machine  in  a 
vacuum,  where  there  is  no  air,  you 
could  not  get  any  electricity."  Mr. 
Brush  related  another  incident  illus- 
trative of  the  vagueness  of  the  popular 
ideas  of  electric  light  in  the  pioneer 
days.  When  the  first  commercial  arc 
lights  were  installed  in  Cleveland,  the 
"tower"  system  was  used.  Twelve 
lights  of  the  so-called  2000  candle 
power  were  massed  on  the  top  of  high 
ornamental  poles  in  the  Public  Square, 
At  the  first  illumination  the  little  park 
was  packed  from  side  to  side,  and  many 
of  the  people,  in  expectation  of  a  blind- 
ing glare  of  light,  had  provided  them- 
selves with  colored  spectacles  or 
smoked  glass. 


Electrical  Terms. 


People  read  every  day  about  volts 
and  amperes  without  understanding  in 
the  least  what  they  mean.  A  promi- 
nent legal  cross-examiner  makes  this 
clear,  and  he  does  it  by  telling  of  the 
question  he  put  to  Mr.  Thomas  A.  Edi- 
son in  the  witness-box  one  day.  Here 
is  the  question,  and  Mr.  Edison's 
answer: 

Q.  "Explain  what  is  meant  by  the 
number  of  volts  in  an  electric  cur- 
rent ?  " 

A.  "  I  will  have  to  use  the  analogy 
of  a  waterfall  to  explain.  Say  we  have 
a  current  of  water  and  a  turbine 
wheel.  If  I  have  a  turbine  wheel  and 
allow  1000  gallons  per  second  to  fall 
from  a  height  of  one  foot  on  the  tur- 
bine, I  get  a  certain  power — we  will 
say  one-horse  power.  Now,  the  one 
foot  of  fall  will  represent  one  volt  of 
pressure  in  electricity,  and  the  1000 
gallons  will  represent  the  ampere  or 
the  amount  of  current;  we  will  call 
that  one  ampere.  Thus  we  have  1000 
gallons  of  water  or  one  ampere,  falling 
one  foot  or  one  volt,  or  under  one  volt 
of  pressure,  and  the  water  working 
the  turbine  gives  one-horse  power.  If, 
now,  we  go  1000  feet  high,  and  take 
one  gallon  of  water  and  let  it  fall  on 
the  turbine  wheel,  we  will  get  the 
same  power  as  we  had  before,  namely, 
one-horse  power.  We  have  got  a 
thousand  times  less  current  or  less 
water,  and  we  will  have  a  thousandth 
of  an  ampere  in  place  of  one  ampere, 
and  we  will  have  1000  volts  in  place  of 
one  volt,  and  we  will  have  a  fall  of 
water  1000  feet  as  against  one  foot. 
Now  the  fall  of  the  water,  or  the 
height  from  which  it  falls,  is  the 
pressure  or  volts  in  electricity,  and 
the  amount  of  water  is  the  amperes. 
It  will  be  seen  that  1000  gallons  a 
minute  falling  on  a  man  from  a  height 
of  only  one  foot  would  be  no  danger  to 
the  man,  aud  that  if  we  took  one  gal- 
lon and  took  it  up  1000,-feet  and  let  it 
fall  down  it  would  crush  him.  So  it  is 
not  the  quantity  or  current  of  water 
that  does  the  damage,  but  it  is  the 
velocity  or  pressure  that  produces  the 
effect." 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

l'urk  City,  Utah. 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

41<i  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

f\ssei-y    Office. 


HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD    SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/Vline  anci  /Will    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 

A3  &  05  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 


ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  \bkuerse4' 
panies,   Prospectors,  etc.,   to     \2utrl:=/ 
our    full    stock   of    Balances, 
Furnaces. Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scoriflers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 
Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
si     supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
I      on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as    to    quality  and 
price. 
Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
'"  "  """'  for  the   Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.     Also  for  E.  <•.  Deimiston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.    The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  arc  thoroughly  reliable, 
and    full    weight   of   Silver    guaranteed.     Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.    Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 

•  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  lo  THOMSON  *  EVANS.) 

110  &  113  BEAl.E  STREET,  S.  IT. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps,     -f     Steam  Engines. 
.     .    All  Kinds  of  MACHINERY 


I 


\msm 


Business     College, 

24  Poet  Street,        -  San  Francisco. 

FOR  SEVENTY -FIVE  DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type-Writing 
Bookkeeping:,  Telegraphy,  PeumanBhip.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 

QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

Eureka    Company, 


The 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.       -       426  California  Street 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Ap  il  6,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Timbering  in    Mines. 

The  timbering  of  mines  i-  a  very  im- 
portant item  in  connection  with  min- 
ing, and   it    has   been   frequently  •  ■  \  i 

:ed   that    in   this   particular  large 

quantities  of  timber  are  wasted  and  a 
great  deal  of  unnecessary  expense  is 
incurred.  We  have  mines  in  view 
where  a  slipshod  system  of  timbering 
hus  resulted  in  what  might  be  called  a 
wasteful  outlay,  and  where  a  more  in- 
telligent mine  manager  has  been  able. 
ir,  care  and  attention,  to  greatly  de- 
crease this  item  upon  the  bill  of  oper- 
ating expenses.  The  percentage  of 
cost  for  timbering  varies  greatly  in 
different  mines,  according  to  the  sys- 
tem of  timbering  adopted.  It  is  inter- 
esting to  note  in  this  connection  that 
many  mines  are  timbered  with  cedar, 
which  in  its  turn  is  mined,  strange  as 
il  may  be,  from  a  timber  mine.  In  the 
Stale  of  New  Jersey  then'  are  spots 
where  vast  quantities  of  timber  have 
lain  Forages,  which,  when  dug  out  of 
the  ground,  is  found  to  be  intact  and 
to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  firm  and 
SOUnd  as  if    it  were  recently    cut    wood 

for  building  purposes.      The  question 

arises.  How  did  the  timber  get  there? 
The  theory  is  that  a  vast  timber  forest 
was  laid  low  by  some  conflict  of  nature, 
and  then  covered  up  by  an  upper 
stratum  of  earth  which  has  succeeded 
in  preserving  the  trees,  the  first  of 
which  was  discovered  some  years  ago. 
It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  system 
of  mining  consists  in  first  locating  the 
tree  with  a  rod  and  then  digging  a 
trench  alone-  its  length  and  by  filling 
the  said  trench  with  water,  causing  the 
tree  to  rise.  It  is  said  that  trees  have 
been  discovered  at  the  depth  of  eighty 
feet.  On  the  vegetable  theory  of  the 
origin  of  coal  this  should  be  indeed  a 
magnificent  illustration  of  its  early 
state. — ISIaek  Diamond. 

New   Remedy  for  Insomnia. 


An  expert  in  nervous  disorders  in 
Paris  recommended  to  an  American 
gentleman  a  cure  for  insomnia 
which  was  tried  with  such  success 
that  the  patient  has  prescribed  it  to 
many  of  his  friends.  It  is  simply  to 
keep  your  eyes  open  when  you  want  to 
go  to  sleep  and  cannot.  A  person 
whose  brain  is  too  active  will  sometimes 
close  the  eyes  and  vainly  endeavor  to 
sleep.  The  very  closing  of  the  eyes 
seems  to  concentrate  the  mental  facul- 
ties on  business  affairs  and  other  dis- 
tractions. The  theory  of  the  French 
physician  is  that  if  the  victim  of  insom- 
nia will  fix  his  eyes  upon  some  gleam  of 
light,  some  shadow,  or  even  on  the 
darkness  itself,  he  can  relieve  his  mind 
from  thoughts  that  perplex  it  and  di- 
vert attention  from  himself.  Try  the 
experiment  when  you  are  sleepless  and 
see  how  unconsciously  your  eyes  will 
close  and  your  thoughts  begin  to  take 
possession  of  you.  Struggle  to  keep 
them  open  and  fixed  upon  an  object, 
either  real  or  imaginary,  and  before 
you  are  aware  of  it  the  struggle  will 
have  ended  and  sleep  will  be  victorious. 


A   Long  Life. 


Sir  Benjamin  Richardson,  M.  D.,  of 
Kuglaud,  thinks  that  the  normal  period 
of  human  life  is  about  lilt  years,  and 
that  seven  out  of  ten  average  people 
could  live  that  long  if  they  lived  in  the 
right  way.  They  should  cultivate  a 
spirit  of  serene  cheerfulness  under  all 
circumstances  and  should  learn  to  like 
physical  exercise  in  a  scientific  way. 
No  man,  he  says,  need  be  particularly 
abstemious  in  regard  to  any  article  of 
food,  for  the  secret  of  long  life  does  not 
lie  there.  A  happy  disposition,  plenty 
of  sleep,  a  temperate  gratification  of 
all  the  natural  appetites,  and  the  right 
kind  of  physical  exercises,  will  insure 
longevity  to  most  people. 

Common  salt  is  one  of  the  most  valu- 
able remedial  agents  the  world  con- 
tains. Used  as  a  tooth  powder,  alone 
or  with  a  little  prepared  chalk,  it 
whitens  the  teeth  and  makes  the  gums 
hard  and  rosy.  It  is  a  good  gargle  for 
sore  throat,  and  if  taken  in  time  will 
benefit,  if  not  cure,  diphtheria.  It  will 
stop  bleeding  of   the  mootth,    and    in 


Power, 
Hilling,    Hilling, 
Smelting,   Concentration 
and  Leaching  Hachinery;  Re= 
turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me= 
chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried'= 
ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines 
Cornish  Pumps,   Roots  Blowers,  Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,   Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers 
Crushing   Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes  ' 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional' 
Hachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 
Concrete  Mixers,   Heavy  Ha 
chinery  and    Mine    Sup 
plies.  =  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Alex.; 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

7  ~ — ______  '  ♦♦  +■  A     SPECIALTY.  ♦♦♦ 

OFFICE    /\IND     \A/ORKS:       34-     and     3<5     /V\e»in     Street,      San     Francisco,     Cal. 


warm  water  is  a  good  emetic  and 
remedy  against  several  poisons.  There 
is  nothing  better  for  sore  feet  and  1 
hands  than  salt  and  water,  and  for 
ordinary  sore  eyes,  though  a  painful 
application,  it  will  often  effect  a  com- 
plete cure. 

George  T.  Comins,  the   manager  of 
the  Beecher  Falls,    Vt.,    mill,    on   the 
U.  S. -Canada  line,  relates  an  amusing  | 
story  illustrative  of  the  contract  labor  j 
laws.       It   seems    that   the   company's  I 
logs  are  stacked  up  in  tiers  about  three 
feet  apart  on  both   sides   of   the   line.  ! 
One    day   recently    the   foreman    was  1 
standing  on  one  of   the   piles   when    a  ! 
man  approached  and  asked   him   if  he 
wanted  to  hire  any   help.     He.   replied 
that  he  did  not,  at  the  same  time  step- 
ping over  to  the  next   pile.     The  man 
followed  him,  when  the  foreman  turned 
and  said:     "When  do  you  want   to  go 
to   work?"       "I    thought    you   didn't 
want  to  hire  anybody."  said   the   man. 
"I  was  in  Canada  then,"   the  foreman 
said,   "and  liable  to  a  fine  of  fcluOIJ. 


P.  &  B.  PAINT. 

nrft  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof.  <*■ 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS  and    Preserving  Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F\  Sc  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  Uli2Jl!52Jl«£lLi^ 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


The  peculiar  accident  to  the  steamer 
Venetian,  near  Boston,  by  which  the 
vessel  was  broken  in  two  in  the  middle, 
suggests  again  the  danger  of  great 
length  in  metal  ships.  There  seems  to 
be  a  lack  of  what  might  be  termed 
longitudinal  strength  in  vessels  made 
of  plates  of  iron  or  steel.  The  strain 
to  which  the  craft  is  subjected  when 
raised  upon  a  wave  is  hardly  less  than 
that  to  which  the  Venetian  succumbed. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 


220  Market  St. 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


The  salary  of  the  President  of  Mexico 
is  $30,000. 


ESTABLISHED   1863 


■■W      W ■ 

Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  Wc  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scieutilic  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  eases  in  our  office,  we  h  ive  other  advau luges  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  alveadj  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  b.ought  before  u?  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S,F„ 


222 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  6,  1896. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Fkancisco,  April  4,  1S95. 

The  advance  in  silver  during  the  week  at- 
tracted universal  attention.  Monday's  price 
was  68  cents  an  ounce — the  highest  since  Jan. 
20,  '94.  Possibility  of  favorable  legislation, 
the  proposed  bi  metallic  conference,  and  the 
expectation  of  sudden  demand  for  considerable 
quantity  of  silver  in  the  case  of  the  Chinese 
indemnity,  were  among  the  causes  for  the 
rise,  which  cannot  be  considered  other  than  a 
spurt,  the  speculative  character  of  the  ad- 
vance not  warranting  any  assumption  of  per- 
manence or  tangible  effect  in  the  settlement 
of  the  great  question.  The  advance  has  been 
the  occasion  of  justly  joyful  comment  all  over 
the  west  half  of  America.  It  is  very  likely 
that  were  the  price  to  advance  to  70  cents  a 
large  number  of  idle  silver- producing  proper- 
ties would  resume  work. 

Every  three  months  the  Treasury  Depart- 
ment fixes  the  import  value  of  foreign  coin  for 
the  ensuing  quarter ;  this  time  the  quarterly 
value  was  announced  just  before  the  little 
"  boom "  in  silver,  with  the  curious  result 
that  while  Mexican  dollars  are  quoted  54@55 
cents,  the  official  valuation  is  SO. 479.  Import- 
ers of  Mexican  dollars  will  not  be  slow  to  take 
advantage  of  the  situation. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

Mew  York,  April  4.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@12.B0c. 

COPPER— Brokers' ,  9. 37%c ;  exchange,  9.40c. 

LEAD— Brokers',  $3.05;  exchange,  S3. 12%. 

TIN— Straits,  14.20c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  $3.20. 

New  York  Silver  Prices. 

New  Yokk,  April  4. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, Silver  in , 

London.    N.  T. 
Friday 29W 


64 

65& 

67« 


Copper. 
9  m 

9  35 


Lead. 


S18'/4 


9  37H      3  Mii 


Saturday 293S4 

Monday 30K 

Tuesday 30)4 

Wednesday S0?»       M>A 

Thursday 30         65Ji         

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft iysc 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 100 

London  Bankers'  60  days S4.88M 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4,891; 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 65-^c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 5454(555 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 

Perib —    @      10 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots —    @       5% 

Powdered,        "      —    @       5H 

Concentrated,  "      —   @       5 

COPPER. 


Bolt.. 


20  @  — 

21  @  — 
—  @  16 
13  @  14 


Lake  Superior  Sheathing 

Ingot,  jobbing 

Ingot,  wholesale 

TIN  PLATE. 

Par  bx 5  25    @  6  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14 

Pig,  per  ton 15 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 

NAILS. 

Wire J2  90 

Cut 2  65 


i  00    @16  00 
i  00    @18  00 


14    (51      16 


Per  lb. 
Sheet.. . 


PIG  TIN. 
ZINC. 
LEAD. 


15    @    16  00 


Pig —  @  890 

Bar —  @  4  20 

Sheet —  @  5  25 

Pipe —  @  4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs . .  .$1  20 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "...  145 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do.      "  "...  145 

QUICKSILVER. 
Home  trade,  per  flask. 37  00   ® 

COAL. 
SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $  8  00 

Greta 7  75 

Nanaimo 6  50 

Oilman 6  00 

Seattle 6  25 

Coos  Bay.: ■. 6  00 

Cannel 10  50 

Egg,  hard 13  00 

Wallsend 7  50 

Scotch  Splint 7  75 

Brymbo 7  75 

West  Hartley 8  75 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @ 

Liverpool  Steam 700  @ 

Scotch  Splint 650  @ 

Cardiff 6  50  @ 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00  @ 

Cumberland 1100  @ 

Egg,  hard 12  00  @ 

West  Hartley 700  @ 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c  ^  bbl 


English,  to  load 

"        spot,  in  bulk 

"        in  sacks —  — 

Cumberland 9  00 

LUMBER. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  —  WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00 

Pine 13  00 

Spruce 25  00 


00    ® 


10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


18  00 
30  00 


Prof.  Virchow,  the  eminent  German 
pathologist,  has  affirmed  his  belief  that 
no  trace  of  "the  missing  link"  be- 
tween man  and  the  lower  animals  has 
been  discovered,  either  in  the  physical 
structure  of  modern  savages  or  in  the 
human  skulls  which  are  believed  to  be 
I  he  most  ancient. 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Comviled  Every  Tlntrsday  from  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  Sun  Frnnciscii  Journals 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Levied,  Dclinq't  and  Sile.  Secretary. 

.Mar    5,  Apr    9.  Apr  30 C  L  Perkins,  309  Montgomery 

.Feb    18,  Mar  25,  Apr  17 Geo  R  Spinney,  310  Pine 

Mar  20,  Apr  20,  May  15...:.  .JStadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery 


Company  and  Location.  No.    And. 

Belcher  S  M  Co.  Nev 50. . .  .25c. . 

Booth  G  M  Co,  Cal 5....  2c. 

Brunswick  Con  G  M  Co.  Cal  —  8 2c. . 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal 1. ...  10c. . 

Challenge  Con,  Nev 18. . . .  5c. . 

Con  New  York,  Nev 13 5c. 

Crown  Point  G  &  S  M  Co,  Nev.  .65. . .  25c  . 

Eureka  Con,  Nev 13 25c. . 

Granite  G  M  Co,  Cal 2. . . .  1  J4o 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co,  Cal 39....  5c. 

Iowa  M  Co,  Nev 20. . . .  5c. . 

Julia  Con  M  Co,  Nev 26. . . .  5c  . 

La  Candelaria  M  Co,  Mex 8 $2.. 

La  Grange  HM  Co,  Cal 10... 35c 

Occidental  Con  M  Co,  Nev 18....  10c 

Osborn  Hill  G  M  Co,  Cal 4.... 25c. 

South  Eureka  M  Co,  Cal 17 —   lc 

Starlight  Mining  Co,  Cal 5 10c. 


i,  May  15...:. -J  Stadtfeld  Jr, 

Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  25 C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building 

Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  16 CI.  McCoy,  Mills  Building 

..Feb    19,  Mar  26,  Apr  17 Chas  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

..Mar  12.  Apr  16,  May   7 Jas.  Newlands,  Mills  Building 

..Feb   19,  Mar  25,  Apr  11 H  P  Bush,  134  Market 

..Jan     2,  Mar    9,  Apr    6 WmSchaw 

.Mar    2,  Apr    8,  Apr  26 A  P  Swain,  309  Montgomery 

..Mar  6,Apr     9,  Apr  27 R  L  Thomas,  419  California 

.  .Feb  13,  Mar  20,  Apr  10 J  Stadtfeld,  Jr.,  309  Montgomery 

.Mar    7,  Apr     9,  Apr  27 G  A  Hill,  22  Market 

.  .Feb  23,  Apr    1,  Apr  22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

. .  Mar  20,  Apr  23,  May  15 A  K  Durbrow.  309  Montgomery 

..Feb27,Apr    4,  Apr  34 R  R  Grayson,  331  Pine 

..Feb   20,  Apr     1,  Apr  22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

..Feb   11.  Mar  18,  Apr    8 H  R  Williar,  214  Pine 

MEETINGS. 


Company  and  Locution. 
Champion  M  Co,  Cal, ..... 
Bulwer  Con  M  Co,  Nev. . . 


Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F. 


Bale. 


.  J  F  Holling,  113  Crocker  Building April  9 

.  J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery April  10 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  April  4,  1895. 

The  rise  in  silver  or  something  else  favor- 
ably affected  Comstock  shares  during  the 
week,  and  thore  was  a  general  advance. 

Following    is   a    statement    of     the    cash 
balances  of  mining  companies  last  Monday. 
bodie  mines.  lEast  Sierra  Nev. .     $135 

Bodie $  6,990  Exchequer 2,399 

Bulwer „  296  Gould  &  Curry 12,331 

Mono 3,766:Hale&  Norcross.     14,341 

Standard 37,995  Julia 1,536 

Syndicate 787  Justice ....  2,205 


Kentuck 3,032 

Lady  Wash'n 1,922 

Mexican 11.082 

Ophir 1,766 

Overman 4,776 

Occidental 307 

Potosi 17,795 

Savage 3,190 

Scorpion 847 

Seg  Belcher 7,990 

Silver  Hill 1,273 

Sierra  Nevada...  19,187 

Union  Con 11,545 

Utah 1,706 


WASHOE  MINES. 

Alpha $5,197 

Alta 5,284 

Andes 4.974 

Belcher 5,449 

Best  &  Belcher...     6,932 

Bullion 8,316 

Caledonia 3,110 

Challenge 1,981 

Chollar 5,945 

Con.  Cal  &  Va 68,414 

Confidence 6,890 

Con.  Imperial 716 

Con.  New  York....     1,64 
Crown  Point 608 

The  Golden  Eagle  is  in  debt  $7481.40,  and 
the  Summit  $533.35. 

Sales  at  the  regular  session  of  the  San 
Francisco  Stock  and  Bond  Exchange  Board 
for  the  month  of  March  were  286,530  shares. 
For  the  first  three  months  of  the  year  they 
were  737,545  shares,  as  against  730,000  shares 
during  the  same  period  last  year. 

At  the  delinquent  assessment  sale  of  the 
Seg.  Belcher  Mining  Company  2575  shares 
were  sold  for  non-payment  of  assessment. 

At  the  delinquent  assessment  sale  of  the 
Justice  Mining  Company  1188  shares  were 
sold  for  non-payment. 

The  North  San  Juan  Gold  Mining  Company 
of  Nevada  has  levied  an  assessment  of  12 
cents  per  share,  delinquent  May  6. 

The  Gold  Point  Consolidated  Gold  and  Silver 
Mining  Companj'  of  Nevada  County  has  levied 
an  assessment  of  five  cents  per  share,  delin- 
quent May  1. 

Next  week  the  Bodie  mill  will  begin  crush- 
ing an  accumulation  of  ore  from  the  Bodie 
Consolidated  mine. 

An  assessment  of  twenty-five  cents  per 
share  has  been  levied  on  the  Ophir. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 

38    1     4 

$      29 

$      27 
40 

42 

82 

21 
45 
49 

1  50 

2  70 

22 

58 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

2  80 

42 
03 
48 

1  20 
17 
81 

1  60 

42 

04 

52 

16 

84 

1  65 

58 

38 
80 

89 

Utah 

08 

San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  April  4,  18A5. 

9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

550  Belcher 42:100  Justice 

100 4l|  100  Mexican 

100  Bodie. . ; 1  35  1U0  Mono. . . . 

300  Bulwer 20  400  Ophir. 

100  Chollar 58.400  Potosi 

50  C.  C.  "V 2  80  2U0  Savage 

200  Crown  Point 42  200  Sierra  Nevada.... 

500  Exchequer 04,300  Union 

11)0  Eureka 35,300  Utah 

300  Hale  &  Norcross. .  1  40;3()0  Yellow  Jacket. . . . 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:30  P.  M. 

100  Alta 29  200  Con  Cal  &  Va 2 

100 28 

450  Belcher 41 

100 42 

20 40 

400  Best  &  Belcher. . .  82 

100  Bodie 1  40 

100  Bullion 22 

200  Bulwer 19 

100  Challenge 44 

100  Chollar 55 

100    56 


3U0  Gould  &  Curry 

500H&  N 1 

200 1 

250  Mexican 

200  Ophir 

1050  Potosi.... 

200  Savage 

550  Sierra  Nevada... 

200  Union 

200  Yellow  Jacket... 
100 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing-received  applications  to  mine  "by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  David  Croft,  in  the  Gold  Deposit  mine, 
near  Kelsey,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  in  an 
old  hydraulic  pit;  from  Wm.  F.  Coe,  in  the  Railroad 
Placer  Mine,  near  Placerville.  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  de- 
posit tailings  behind  dams  In  Spanish  Flat  Ravine; 
from  J.  C.  Day.  in  his  mine  near  Georgetown,  El 
Dorado  Co.,  to  impound  tailings  in  an  old  hydraulic 
pit;  from  John  A.  Browles,  in  the  Independence 
Mine,  near  Brownsville,  Yuba  Co.,  to  impound  tail- 
ings behind  a  dam  In  Letson  Ravine;  from  Wm. 
Henning  et  al.  in  the  Iowa  Mine,  near  Forest  Hill, 
Placer  Co.,  to  impound  tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a 
ravine;  from  Jas.  Ward  &  Wm.  McDonald,  in  the 
Tiger  Mine,  near  Forest  Hill,  Placer  Co.,  to  Impound 
tailings  behind  a  dam  iu  a  ravine;  from  Jos.  J.  Hoff- 
man et  al..  in  the  Hard  Times  Mine,  Bath,  Placer 
Co.,  to  impound  tailings  in  an  old  hydraulic  pit; 
and  from  Wm.  &  Win.  J.  S.  Bacchi,  in  the  El  Dorado 
Placer  Mine,  Garden  Valley,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  im- 
pound tailings  in  ravine  below  the  mine,  gives 
notice  that  a  meeting1  will  be  held  at  Room  £2,  Flood 
Building,  San  Fraueleeo,  on  April  22d,  lti&Vat  1  riiOP.M. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COM.MISSlON;having 
received  an  application  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  George  Wheeler,  in  the  Grizzly  Flat  I 
Mining  Claim,  E!  Dorado  county,  Cal,  to  impound  i 
tailings  behind  brush  dams  below  the  mine,  giveB 
notice  lhat  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  room  92.  Flood 
building.  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  April  1,1895,  at  1:30p.m.  ' 


I  RUPTURE! 

IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia — commonly  called' 
rupture — was  incurable,  except  by  snrgi-' 
cal  operation,  which  is  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  80  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE! BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  Iu  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
is  a  graduate  of  Betlevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


SECOND     H/\1ND 

Mining  Machinery  Wanted. 

TWO    5-STAflP    BATTERIES, 

Single  discharge,  quick  drop. 

Also    FOUR    FRUE    VANNERS. 

Must  be  iu  good  condition  and  of  late  pattern. 

Address  Box  G84,  Lcadville,  Colo. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 

N.  W.  Cor.  Main  &  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND    FORGINGS 


0P  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

All  work  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


IS'nWELLfKflCHSNERYffork, 

All  kimleof  tool".  Fori  uiie  for  i  he  driller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  process-, c»n  lakeacore.  Perfected  Econom- 
ic**! ArteBlan  PumpinR  Rlirs  to  wi.rk  bv  steam,  Air,  etc 
LotaBhelpjou.  THE  AMERICAN  IVELLWOBES, 
taroi-ft,    Illi    OblotcQi  IU.i    DoIUii.  Tax. 


/       ;Soh3  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  Hills. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  more  advantageous 
terms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  for  the  manufacture  of  his 
Patent  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
and  sold  these  mills  for  the  past  14  years,  we  know 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
tory testimonials  prove.  We  feel  confident,  therefore, 
that  at  the  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 
there  is  placed  within  tbc  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL. 

Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Sav/ing  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON, •     Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular . 


April  ii,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


223 


Coast    Industrial   Notes. 

The  Parafflne  Painl  Co.  has  paid  its  ivm 
I;k  quarterly  dividend  of  :"'  cents  i»'i  share 

Charles  P.  Martin,  at  223  Mission  street, 
tias had  trim  a   patent   oh  a  flying 

piachfne,  on  which  he  has  been   working  for 

\v.  i'.  Poller  &  Co.  have  finally  quit  fight- 
int.'  the  Standard  OU  combine,  and  coal  oil, 
<  .  ••!••..  have  advanced  one  cent   ;i  gal 
ini,.    The  coasl  consumes  about  20,000,000  gal- 
mi  ually. 

The  foci  thai  there  is  a  grain  of  gold  in 
every  ton  of  sea  water  Impels  a  Colorado  cor- 
i..  called  the  Carbon  Precipitating  Co., 
ti.  establish   works  :ii  San   Diego  bo 

I  he  Pacific  ocean. 

Everett,  Wash.,  expects  soon  to  see  work 
beg-in  on  a  new  whuu-bu.-u.  Estimates  on  the 
lornings  ol  tin.-  whale  back  City  ol  Bveretl 
Ol  ->tM>H  ^  mouth.  This 
would  provide  for  HO  per  <'<-m  yearly  divi 
demls  ami  pay  for-  the  heat  in  five  years. 

Ball  Bros,  are  building  three  four-masted 
i-ai  Porl  Blakeley,  Wash.,  each  to  be 
bOO  tons  burden,  with  a  carrying  capa- 
city "I  700,000  feel  of  lumber,  and  costing  $40(- 
Tbis  linn  has  now  buill  oitrhty  different 
>.f  fir  and  with  universal  satisfaction. 

— T.  \V-  Jones  Is  al  Newcastle,  Placer  Co., 
in  charge  of  the  work  ol  putting  in  an  electric 
fight  plant  for  the  South  Vuha  Water  L'mn- 
pany  The  dynamo  house  will  be  erected  on 
the  hill,  a  mile  from  'own.  The  plant  will 
furnish  lieht  for  Newcastle,  Penwn  and 
Rocklin 

The  Slos?  Wasserman  trial  in  progress  re- 
veals the  enormous  dividends  made  by  the 
Alaska  Commercial  Company  out  of  its  sealing 
pm  tract,  Dividends  amounting  to  $800  on 
every  $100  share  were  paid  For  five  years. 
The  firm  had  millions  on  deposit,  acquired  by 

Capl  Is.      Sloss    bought    soul.'    of 

iii.  share?  from  Wasserman  for  $60  each. 

The  work  nf  grading  on  the  narrow  gauge 
railf-ad  from  Carbondale  to  Amador  has 
begun  I'  is  claimed  the  work  will  be  pushed 
through  to  completion  as  soon  as  possible.  It 
announced  as  the  intention  to  have  this 
road  conned  with  Jackson,  Sutter  Creek, 
Amador  City.  Plymouth  and  other  towns  on 
the  mother  lode,  ond  be  extended  up  into 
i  be  i  imber  i  egion  in  the  Sierras. 

For  the  first  time  a  carload  of  flowers 
was,  last  Wednesday,  shipped  to  the  East  by 
freight  from  Los  Angeles,  via  the  Santa  Pe, 
|o  Chicago,  where  the  blossoms  will  be  used 
iu  Easter  celebrations.  The  shipment  will 
make  the  trip  in  six  days,  going  on  a  fast 
fruit  train.  The  shipment  comprises,  among 
other  items,  one  of  30,000  Calla  lillies  and 
several  thousand  carnations.  Lilies  can  be 
landed  in  Chicago  for  between  $*>  and  *7  per 
thousand  and  will  bring  $50. 

—The  San  Joaquin  Electric  Company  incor- 
porated this  week  at  Fresno,  with  a  capital 
stock  of  $800,001).  The  incorporators  are  J.  J. 
Seymour.  O.  J.  Woodward,  J.  S.  Eastwood, 
James  Porteous,  \V.  R.  Madary  and  L.  L. 
Levy.  The  company  proposes  to  construct  a 
dam  eighty  feet  high  on  the  San  Joaquin 
river,  near  the  mouth  of  Fine  Gold  creek, 
thirty-two  miles  east  of  Fresno,  and  utilize 
the  power  tor  electric  lighting  and  motor  pur- 
poses. 

Preparations  for  the  opening  of  the  Co- 
lumbia river  salmon-packing  season  are  com- 
plete. On  April  10th  nearly  every  cannery  on 
the  Columbia  river  from  The  Dalles  to  As- 
toria will  present  a  scene  of  activity.  Packers 
generally  are  anticipating  a  good  run  of  fish, 
and.  as  the  market  demand  is  steady  at  last 
year's  prices,  they  are  ready  to  stow  away 
every  chinook  that  can  be  had.  The  season 
will  open  with  a  rush,  and  the  rush  will  con- 
tinue right  through  the  next  three  months. 

—Mr.  C.  C.  Howell,  the  manager  of  the 
Sacramento  Industrial  Improvement  Associ- 
ation, says  that  under  arrangement  with  the 
Sacramento  Electric  Lightand  Power Co.jt-an 
electric  current  equivalent  to  10-horse  power 
will  be  furnished  a  manufacturer  in  that  city 
[or  $587.20  a  year,  or  $47.93  a  month,  for  ten- 
horse  power,  ton  hours  a  day,  for  twenty-six 
working  days  a  munth  and  twelve  months  in 
the  year.  If  this  is  so,  there  is  no  other  place 
in  the  country  where  power  can  be  secured  so 
cheaply. 

— A  new  steamer  line  from  Portland  to 
Japan  is  announced.  The  O.  R.  and  N.  Co. 
have  an  agreement  with  Samuels,  Samuel  & 
Co.,  of  Yokohama,  and  others,  to  place  two 
steamers  on  the  route,  making  monthly  trips. 
The  first  steamer  leaves  Hong  Kong  the  1st 
of  May.  The  first  steamer  leaves  Portland 
June  1st.  All  steamers  will  run  via  Yoko- 
hama and  during  the  winter  months  via 
Honolulu.  The  vessels  are  to  have  aEcarrying 
capacity  of  from  8000  to  5500  tons.  The  line  is 
to  be  operated  in  connection  with  the  O.  R. 
and  N.  Co.  exclusively. 

—The  high  price  of  fuel  makes  manufactur- 
ers look  with  interest  at  the  possibilities  of 
southern  California  oil  wells,  and  desirous  of 
investigating  the  renewed  project  of  trans- 
mission of  power  from  Clear  Lake,  73  miles 
from  here.  Engineers,  who  have  given  the 
matter  considerable  attention,  say  75,000- 
horse  power  can  be  developed-  it  is  now  pro- 
posed to  transmit  500U-H.  P.  to  Benicia,  and 
the  possibility  of  transmission  across  the  bay 
from  Oakland  is  under  discussion.  That  the 
successful  solution  of  the  question  would 
greatly  simplify  the  fuel  problem,  which  is 
really  the  power  problem  in  this  city,  is  mani- 
fest. 

—The  failure  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  rail- 
way to  pay  dividend^  on    its  common  stock  is 
nox  a  surprise  to  those  who  have  known   that  j 
the    Canadian    Government    has     for    years 
loaned  to  this  company  the   money   for  divi- 


dend- All  this  time  the  debt  uf  Canada  has 
towing,  hut  it  was  supposed  tHht  the 
igeonthe  property  and  bonds  ol  the 
i-ailit4idw.tuldpr.ive  u  t'ued  security*.  For  a 
while,  In yeara ci ita prosperity,  it  top 
that  the  dividend  was  earned,  Money  was 
also  raised  by  the  issue  of  new  stock,  oatensl 
bly  to  pay  for  new  lines  and  equipments. 
Part  of  this  money  went  to  pay  dividends. 
I  he  last  three  years  the  earnings  of  the  com- 
pany steadily  declined,  in  I89U  they  were 
121.400,000.  In  L8US  they  were  only  tgOJfttt.OUO, 
and  last  year  there  was  a  drop  to  $18,700,000 
From  i*m  to  1808  the  capitalization  of  the 
the  cnmpunv  increased  from  *  100, 000, 000  to 
$177,000,000.  The  dividends  on  the  Bteclc 
weir-  guaranteed  by  the  Dominion  Govern* 
men'  from  W88  to  1898,  and  with  the  expira- 
tion of  the  guarantee  the  dividends  ceased. 
The  rati  read  has  been  the  obief  backer  of  the 
MavDonald  ami  the  Thompson  administrations, 
if  the  Liberals  come  into  power,  as  they  are 
likely  to-do,  the  road  will  not  further  involve 
pie. of  Canada  in  debt.  The  Canadian 
debt  in  1870  was  $173,000,000,  but  in  1880  it  was 
fcJSfi.  1)00, 000,  and  ou  June  -10,  1898,  it  had  in- 
creased to  $300,000,000.  This  is  about  $«0  poV 
head  for  man.  woman  and  child.  The  debt  is 
increasing,  while  emigration   to  the  United" 

States  makes  the  Canadian  increase  in  popu- 
lation very  slow,  At  least  1,000,000  natives  of 
Canada  are  now  living  in   the  United  stairs, 


Aluminum  is  found  to  be  not  suita- 
ble for  a  greal  many  of  tho  uses  to 
which  it  was  to  be  put. 


Assessment  Notices. 


BRUNSWICK  CONSOLIDATED  GOLD  MINING 
COMPANY.— Location  of  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness, San  Franeisco.  California;  location  of  wortes, 
Grass  Valley  Mining  District,  Nevada  County.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Notice iB  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  or  Directors  held  on  the  ->0th  day  of  March, 
1895.  an   assessment  iNo.  8)  of  Two  coins  pur-   share 

was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  Immediately  in  United  Stales  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  or  the  company. 
Boom  66.  Nevada  Block,  San  Francisco,  California, 
or  10  the  Treasurer.  J-  J.  Halpin.  57  Broadway,  room 
ST,  New  York  City.  Slate  of  New  York,  un  or  before 
the  20th  day  of  April.  181*5. 

Any  stock  upon  which  ihis  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  iu  San  Francisco,  on  the  20th  day  of 
April.  1895.  will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  lor 
sale  at  public  auction:  and  unless  payment  Is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  15th  day 
Of  May.  1895.  in  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
Bale. 

Bv   order   of   Hie  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  STADTJ'ELD  Ju  .  Secretary. 

Office— Room  5il.  Nevada  Block.  San  Francisco, 
California. 


OCCIDENTAL  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.— Locaiiou  of  principal  place  of  business, 
San  Francisco.  California.  Location  of  works.  Sil- 
ver Star  Mining-  District,  Storey  County.  Nevada. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  20th  day  Of  March, 
1895.au  assessment  (No.  18)  of  Ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  Immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  tin.  Nevada  Block,  No.  809  Montgomery  street, 
San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  '.J'kl  day  Of  April,  1895.  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  al  puolle  auc- 
tion, and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  ou  WEDNESDAY,  the  15th  day  of  May.  1895.  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  "advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

Bv  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW.  Secretary. 

Office.  Room  C9,  Nevada  Block.  No.  309  Montgom- 
ery Street,  San  Francisco.  California. 


IOWA  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  Of  princi- 
pal place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  California. 
Location  oi'  works.  Virginia  City,  Nevada. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  or  Directors,  held  on  the  Kin  day  of  March, 
1895,  an  assessment.  (No.20j  of  Five  Cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion,   payable    immediately    in    United    States    gold 

coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 

Room  'J.  tl9  California  Street.  San   Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 

An v  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  9th  day  Of  April.  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  foe  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  SATURDAY,  the  •JTth  day  of  Apill,  1895. 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
ilie  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale, 

Bv  order  of  ilie  Board  of  Directors. 

R.  L.  THOMAS.  Secretary. 
Office     Room  '1.  119  California  Street.  San  Francisco. 

California. 


DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 


BOOTH  GOLD  MINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; location  of  works.  Auburn,  Placer  County. 
California. 

NOTICE— There  arc  delinquent  upon  the  follow 
ing  described  stock,  on  account  of  assessment  (No. 
5)  levied  ou  the  Eighteenth  day  ol  February.  1895. 
the  several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  or  the 
respective  shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name.  Certificate.  Shares.  Auit. 

Richard  Cftgnerj,  Trustee... 

Richard  Clu-nerv  

Thomas  Day,  Trustee 

Thomas  H.  Gordon.  Trustee 
Thomas  H.  Oordon.  Trustee. 
Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee. 
Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee. 
Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee. 
Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee. 

Henry  Oilman 

Henry  Oilman 

E.  S.  "Harrison,  Trustee 

J.  W.  Winter.  Trustee 

And  in  accordance  with  law.  and  an  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  Eighteenth  day  of 
February,  1895,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of 
such  slock  as  may  he  necessary,  will  Vie  sold  at 
public  auction,  al  the  salesroom  of  S.  P.  Middle- 
ton  &Co.,  No.  30  Montgomery  Street.  Sau  Fran- 
cisco, California,  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  Seven- 
teenth day  of  April.  1895,  at  the  hour  of  Two  o'clock 
P.  M.  Of  said  day,  to  pay  said  Delinquent  Assess- 
ment thereon,  together  with  costs  of  advertising 
and  expenses  of  sale. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY,  Secretary. 
Office— 310  Pine  Street,  Room   No.  28,  Sau   Fran- 
cisco, Ch  Morula. 


lfill 

6,875 

*IS5  50 

17 

n 

10 

I4K 

iiUI 

10  uo 

IIS 

1.1KKI 

J0  (10 

MB 

IIJO 

■-'  00 

114 

ioo 

•1  00 

lift 

too 

i  00 

117 

11,1 

■i  00 

iik 

10Q 

■Z  00 

:« 

aoo 

6  00 

175 

i,i»«) 

20  00 

177 

1.00(1 

■>o  on 

1«1 

asu 

5  on 

THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 

•  S     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


€K  «!!tt 


ii  in  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  Basils 
handled  uad    operated   by  one 

man.    and    will    reduce  the  cost 

ol   rock  drilling  al  leasi  Fiftj 

per  cent. 

I  lur  ImndRomely  Illustrated 
pookei  catalogue  fuUj  explains 

■  ■  tires  ana  workings  ui 

tie-  drill,     it   should   be   Id  thi 
bands    "i    cverj    mlutj    ■ 

'^>!$M }Q      n-asi-r,  ciiniractoi  and  pros  p< 

or    uj    un-    West.       ■  at    fret  on 

■  ton 

II  you  are  inl er«--M-,l  In 
iCoek      Drilling    Corri'xpoinl 


It 


■ 


i     WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 

FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'gT  Pacific  Coasf  Agency. 

OFFICIO  AND  WABEROOMS: 

Care  I'ARKE  &  LACY  CO 2'  and  23  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco.  Ca| 

Or,   AddrpsH  the  Company  M   Its    Denver  Office. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN  A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USEDTHAN 
AHY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  £ — 

CAPACITIES  S°2S^ibd"^ERENT 

:.     PER.HDUR.J        SIZES. 


*fwe**t'T^ 


-,e*J. 


■nszr  sf°n  plants  iii^^^-sl 


JBEHERAfcHlfNlNG  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY    DESCRIPTION. 

TREMAIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,   King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Mauhinerj . 

S.  Glinton  St. 

US'..  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS  55a&£ 


NEW    YORK,  LONDON,   E.  C, 

'36    LIBERTY    ST.  73    A    QUEEN    VICTORIA    ST. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO. 
8    CALLE    DE    GANTE 


Ra.rici  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A, 

HUANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnoclc  Huilctlng    Chicago 

Islipemlas Michigan 

ISIB  Kislileuull]  Sltoet Denver 

Slierbrocili  P.  O CnnacU 

ApsirliulofiaO    CUv  of  Mexico 


HTfli.'r      SH0E8 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROmE     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  arc  extensively  used  In  all  the  mining  Slates  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exaer  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular.  / 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  /|; 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco.  <ffi- 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies         Stamp  Oair, 


tu  Mining -and  Scientific  Press.  aPiu  6,1895. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable    Address:    "RISDON'S"    San     Francisco. 

-^ssss.'TlANUFACTURERS    0¥^°°aw^, 

Johnston's  Concentrator,      ^y^}J^^i 

Ch^^  Air  Compressors, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  H0I<^ 

The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Established  I860.  Reliance  Works. 

BRANCH    OFFICES: 

Crushers,  Hoists, 

San  Francisco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

_      . .  D.  B.  HANSON,  Manager.  n 

^  '  Denver,  Col i 1316  Eighteenth  Street..       ~urnP=>l 

„  ,  W,  H.  EMANUEL.  Afrent.  „ 

Stamps,  Fans, 

v     '  New  York  City 20   Cortlandt  Street.  ' 

P.  A.  LARKIN,  M;lliapror. 

J>gs.  c„.eaKo,.,i 5c.J,.o,ne„,..,.„i,,u„s.    Compressors, 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

COnCeniraXOrS,  Minneapolis,  Minn 41 «  Corn  Exchange.       tSOllerS, 

J.  P.  HARRISON,  Manager. 

Screens,  Etc.,  Etc. 

Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 

MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  HACHINERY. 


*••*••  THE     PRICES  ****** 


Ingcrsoll-Sargcant «  brills  and  Compressors 

HAVE     BEEN     REDUCED. 

*-    mrtrrrr™7**  sf.nd  for  catalogue  and  estimate  to  -*?srwvrrn..  -^ 

PARKE  &   LACY  CO.,   Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

2\    and    .23     Fremont    Street,    San     Francisco,    Cal. 

LJinioin    Iron  Works, 

CORNER    FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS,         -  SAN     FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

mANUFBCTURERS      OF 

—.MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY,^- 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  /Wills. 

7V\anty  Chili  Mills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  SIgmoidal  U/ater  Wheel, 

PU/WPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead  Furnaces,        f\.\\  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^ffiZ^SHIP  BUILDERS.      •*-      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  D0CK.<^3ss^ 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     I4S  BROADWAY.  CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION." 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  flachinery 

^■"^^^►For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity. 
ELECTRIC     ROWER     TRANSMISSION  ! 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  running  every  station  of  'this  chaiaeter  rn  the  entire  West!    An' "experience  of  more  Ulan  ISyears  in  planning  and  executing  water  power  plants  affords  assurance  that  all  worli    * 
furnished  will  be  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  the  case,  and  give  the-best  -possible  results  under  existing  conditions. 


' 


catalogues  furnished  upon  application. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal; 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


-  .     : 


m.i  i  in:   i..\\. 
Number  lfi. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  13,  1895. 


tiii;i:i:  im>i.'i.\i:«   11:1;   asm  .\1 . 

Single  Cupii^,  TVjVVi  m-.. 


A  Very  Big  "Boom." 


A  California  mining  man  now  in  London  writes  | 
that  no  one  not  on  the  spot  can  form  adequate  idea 
of  the  present  craze  in  the  British  metropolis  for  i 
Smith  African  mine  shares  and  at  absurd 
prices.  He  says  that  every  shopkeeper  is 
bilymg.  in  many  instances  realizing  on  valu- 
able "securities  to  put  money  into  the  most  in- 
flated schemes.  The  "Kaffir Circus,"  as  it  is 
eullcd.  is  a  present  popular  investment,  and 
staTd  and  respectable  Britons  talk  of  the 
"boom  "  and  buy  shares  in  real  and  fanciful 
mining  propositions  that  as  a  matter  of  airy 
speculation  beat  anything  ever  heard  of  on 
this'eoast. '  The  London  Mining  Journal,  an  old 
anil  conservative  concern,  has  as  "boomy" 
and  aii  y  a  tone  as  ever  was  evinced  in  the 
local  columns  of  a  Nevada  paper  in  the  old 
days  "when  Con.  Cal.  and  Va.'s  108,000  shares 
were  split  up  into  540,000,  and  each  one  paid 
a  tnonthly  dividend  of  $2.  In  the  issue  of 
that  paper  to  hand,  dated  March  Kith,  it  says 
in:a  leading  editorial  :  "  It  is  impossible  to 
dismiss  the  movement  contemptuously  as  a 
1  mining  boom,'  "  and  argues  that  the  Rand 
has  """an  even  more  wonderful  future,."  and 
that  "the -glowing  forecasts  of  a  few  years 
ago  are  feeble  underratings  of  the  facts  which 
se6fn  to  be  established  by  later  develop- 
ments.'1 And  soon.  This  old  and  influential 
journal  thinks  that  even  the  blocks  of  stock 
now  being. dealt  out  to  French  investors  at 
"way  up''  figures  will  be  soon  bought  back 
by  English  capitalists  "at  enhanced  values, ".and 
that  Rand  mine  properties  will  go  to  twice  then- 
present  valuation.      Perhaps  so.     When   a  usually 


chase  is  not  "speculation."  If  it  isn't,  then  what  is 
"speculation"?  Without  at  all  questioning  the  ac- 
knowledged value  of  some  South  African  gold  proper- 
ties it  is  as  certain  in  this  instance,  as  it  has  always 
been  in  every  other  similar  instance,   that  a  good 


for  the  past  twenty-three  years,  a  vastly  tager  pee 
portion  of  the  total  production  being  from  California 
borax  marshes  and  beds  during  ther.past  four  years. 
The  different  "borax  "companies  have  derived  nearly 
all  their  product  from  "marshes.  Near  Daggett, 
in  San  .'Bernardino  county,  borate  'deposits  of 
an  entirely  different  character  have  been  par- 
tially developed,  "being  found  "in  hard,  dry, 
-  -  stratified  masses  among  sedimentary-  rocks'. 
In  the  southern  part  of  Inyo  county,  borates 
of  lime  and  soda  are  being  worked  at  Salt 
Wells  valley.  Cuts  of  the  -works  a'ndof  the 
team  "used  in  hauling  from  theTiiine  thereto, 
typify  "the  desolate  desert  character  of  that 
region.  ' .      ' "  "  '_ 

Perkins  Triplex  Gas. Engine-... 


PERKINS    TRIPLEX    GAS    ENGINE. 


many  good  people  will  be  fooled  into  buying 
worthless  stock,  and  that  the  inevitable  reaction 
will  injure  the  placing  of  legitimate   mining   ent'er- 


The  accompanying  out  illustrates  :OM  orig- 
inal departure  in  construction  and  operation 
from  the  ordinary  form  of  marine  gas  engines, 
its   object  being   to -attain  high  speed   and 
great  power  within  limited  space.  -  -This,  -is 
accomplished   by  frequent  explosions,  witbin- 
the  three,  cylinders   giving. such  -rapid  and 
successive- play  upon  the  crank  shaft  as.- to - 
constitute   an  almost  unbroken  explosive  ac- 
tion.   By  this  means_tlie '.  engine  is  started 
with  great  ease,,  inaintaining.a..  steadier  SffCd 
more  uniform -motion,  than- any-:  other  engine  ,. 
ofthis  -class,  and  equaling,  it  is  said,, that  of., 
steam.    While  its  compactness  and  steadiness 
peculiarly  fit -it  for  marine  uses,  .-it.  is   also  . 
especially-adapted  to  operating.dynamos  for  : 
lighting,  or  other  purposes.;    The  subjeet  of  . 
the  accompanying  illustration  was  built  on- a-  special 
order  for  Commodore  Leonard's  sloop  yacht  "Dream,"  : 
as  an  auxiliary  to  sails.     Tt  occupies  but  four  feet  of   . 


1    -  - 


I9HBVSn0MjBBBi 


BORAX     TEAM. 

conservative  mining  paper  like  the  Journal  editori- 
ally believes  that,  it  is  not  strange  "that  every 
one  "in  London  with  a  few  spare  pounds  in  his 
pocket  should  ~be.  falling  over  each  other  in  a  mad 
rustrfo'r  Stock  in  "the"  South  African  "mines.  Mean-' 
while"  we  must'differ  from  bur  esteemed  British  con- 
temporary in  its  belief  that  the  present  wild" pur- 


HdKAX     WORKS,     INYO     COUNTY. 


prises    located    in    South  Africa  or,   in   fact,    any- 
where else. 

Borax.  = 


Like  some  other  California  productions  the  borax  in- 
dustry is  hot'particularly  active  just  now.  ...  The  borax 
deposits  in  this  State  and  Nevada  have  been  worked 


space. in  any  direction  and  develops  eight. H_  P.,  with- 
working  revolutions  of  300-per  minute.  The  construe-, 
tion  and  operation  "is  simple  and  economical,  ami  as  a 
marine  type  of  gas.  engine  it  witl  doubtless.provea. 
success  and  come  into  general,  use  This  engine  was 
buirtlfom'the'designs'of  Mr.  Paul  B.  Perkins,  bf.t-jie. 
Perkins  Pump  and  Engine  Co.,  117  Main  St,,  S."  F,' 


226 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  13,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ESTABLISHED     I860. 

Oldest  Mining:  Journal  on  the  American  Continent. 


Office,  No.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Francisco. 
&~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


Annual  Subscription ..' $3  00 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postofflce  as  second-class  mail  matter. 
Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  eoening. 


J.  F.  HALLOBAN General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  April  13,  189S. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


Platinum  Production. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Perkins  Triplex  Gas  Engine;  Borax  Team; 
Borax  Works,  Inyo  County,  225. 

EDITORIALS.— A  Very  Big  "Boom;"  Borax;  Perkins  Triplex  Gas 
Engine,  225.  Platinum  Production ;  That  Amendment  Again ; 
Miscellaneous,  226. 

CORRESPONDENCE.— Placer  County  Mines,  228.  Development. of 
Mines,  229. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Testing  Precious  Stones;  Decompose 
tion  of  Water  by  Iron;  Edison's  Latest,  232. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— The  Future  Newspaper;  AnAverage 
Day's  Work;  Miscellaneous,  233. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— Making  Climate  as  Desired,  238. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  234-35. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  ana: 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  238. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates,  227.  Pocket  Hunting  in  Cali- 
fornia, 228.    Mother  Lode  Power  Company,  229.    Description  of  the 

:  Gold  Belt  of  California,  229-30-31.    Personal;  A  Satisfactory  Test, 

:231.  Points  on  Patents  to  Mines;  Tellurium,  237.  Coast  Indus- 
trial Notes,  239 . 


Simultaneously  with  silver,  cotton,  wheat   and 
corn  have  risen  in  price  in  the  last  three  weeks.  


To  talk  OF  "hard  times  "  is  no  longer  fashionable, 
in  the  East.  The  habit  continues  largely  from  force 
of  habit,  elsewhere.  :": 


Denver  papers  say  that  the  Mining  and  Indus'; 
trial  Exposition  to  be  held  in  that  city  will  be  a  sure 
success.  It  ought  to  be,  and  no  State  will  be  better 
pleased  thereat  than  California.  Colorado  miners: 
have  shown  good  grit,  and  in  developing  the  gold 
properties  of  the  Centennial  State  have  turned 
disaster  into  victory.  The  proposed  exposition  ought 
to  tie  a  grand  thing  for  that  commonwealth  and  result 
in  an  enhancement  of  its  general  prosperity. 


The  possible  appreciation  in  the  price  of  silver  to 
a  figure  approximating  old-time  quotations  means 
more  to  the  State  of  Nevada  than  to  any  other  min- 
ing community.  The  other  States  and  Territories 
have  developed  gold  wealth  since  the  slump  in  th§ 
sister  metal,  but  the  Silver  State  has  thus  far-been 
unable  to  show  the  possession  of  gold  ore  to  anything, 
like  the  extent  necessar}'  to  redeem  its  prosperity 
from  the  blight  put  upon  it  by  the  drop  in  the  price 
of  its  staple  product. 

There  is  an  unusual  movement  among  gold  pros- 
pectors, and  thousands  of  men  are  exploring  in 
every  direction.  Eastern  and  southern  Oregon," 
northeastern  Washington,  central  Idaho,  the  upper 
Pend  d'Oreille,  Trail  Creek,  and  north  of  the  Col-. 
ville  reservation,  to  the  headwaters  of  the  Skagit, 
and  coastward  along  the  Alaskan  line  toward  the 
Arctic  circle,  an  army  of  men  is  scattered  through 
the  northern  country.  Throughout  the  long  clear 
summer  the  million  square  miles  northward  from  the 
California  line  and  eastward  from  the  coast  to 
Lon.  104°  W.,  will  be  traversed.  The  lower  tier 
embracing  this  State,  Nevada,  Utah,  Colorado, 
Arizona  and  New  Mexico  have  seen  equal  activity  for 
the  past  two  years,  some  of  the  present  best  produc- 
ing claims  being  the  result,  and  '95  gives  promise  of 
greater  measure  of  success.  Profitable  prospecting 
will  be  done  even  in  this  State  for  many  years  to 
come.  There  are  mineral  areas  in  California  which 
have  never  been  thoroughly  prospected.  For  there 
is  prospecting  and  prospecting.  The  horseback 
prospector  who,  with  a  mounted  party,  "traveled 
all  over  that  country  ten  years  ago  and  saw  nothing 
worth  stopping  for, "  is  usually  heading  for  some- 
where else.  Riding  through  a  region  is  not  pros- 
pecting it.  Men  may  travel  through  a  section  and 
afterwards  condemn  it,  though  they  never  dug  a 
five-foot  hole  in  any  one  spot/  Wandering  around  is  • 
not  prospecting,  though  there  is  a  nomadic  streak  in 
very  prospector,  he  being  ever  ready  to  seek  new 
■ujees  of  wealth,  which  is  usually  enjoyed  by  some 
e'else. 


The  increasing  demand  for  platinum,   more  espe- 
cially in  the  manufacture  of  incandescent   electric 
lamps,  gives  great  importance  to  this  metal  and  its 
sources  of  supply.     It  is  widely  diffused,  being  found 
in  almost  every  mining  region  in  the   world,   usually 
minutely  disseminated  in  serpentine   rocks   or   their 
debris,  but  only  in  the  Ural  mountains,  Russia,  does 
it  occur  in  grains,  and  only  in  those  mines  is  it  thus 
secured  in  any  considerable  quantity  with   accom- 
panying profit.      In    Brazil    and    Colombia,    South 
America,  Sinaloa*  Mexico,  various  ,  counties  in    this 
State  and  Oregon,  and  other  localities  on  this  conti- 
nent, native  platinum  occurs,    almost   invariably-  in 
gold  sand  or  gravel.     So  far   as   known,    no  deter- 
mined effort  has  been  made  in  California  to  mine  it, 
though  the  continued  advance  in  its   price-  and   the 
occurrence  of  the  metal  in  so  many  instances  suggest 
the  possible  profit  of  such  enterprise.     Thirty,  years 
ago  platinum    was    quoted   at  $4.50   an   ounce;    it 
steadily  appreciated  in  price  till   "a  corner  "in  '89 
sent  it  up  to  $17.50  an  ounce.     That  enormous  figure 
lof  course  occasioned  tremendous  activity,  and  three 
years.ago  the  price  went  down   to   $7.50   an   ounce. 
Since- that  there  have  been  the  usual  rebounds  and 
reactions   that  have   affected   everything  made   or 
mined-.in  the  world  except  gold;    platinum  is  worth 
to-dayvabout  $10.50  an  ounce,  and  it  is  not  likely  it 
will  ever  be  less,   as   the    practical  ■  supply  seems 
limitedywhile'the  demand  must  necessarily  increase. 
'',  About  ten  years  ago  placer  miners  on  the  Similka- 
iheen  river,  British  Columbia,  were  bothered  with  a 
stuff  they  called  ' '  white  iron ''  and  threw  it  away,  as 
valueless.     The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  inves- 
tigated the  subject,  with  the  result  that  the  appar- 
ently worthless  by-product  was  found  to  be  platinum. 
As, usual-it  was  in  placer  ground,  but  Prof.  Dawson's 
explorations  gave  color  to  the  assumption  that  the 
belt  of  didrite  cut  by  the  stream  at  the  point  where 
the  |platin$m  was  found  was  the  matrix  of  that  metal, 
andi  that  it  would  be  found  in  place,  while  Blake,  Van 
Cotfca  and  others  held  that  it  was  only  an  incidental 
product  from  debris  of  serpentine  or  peridote.      The 
Tulameen  Improvement  and  Hydraulic  Company  was 
subsequently  organized  and  active  operations  prose- 
cuted,  hydraulieking  the   placers   of   the   Tulameen 
river   with  varying  result.     Of  late   that  company 
has  done  little,  but  will  resume  active  work  this  sea- 
son.    On  the  12th  of  last  month  the  corporation  in  - 
creased  its  capital  stock  to   500,000   shares,    and   is 
now  about  putting  on  a  large  force.      The    water   of 
Eagle,  creek  will  be  utilized,  a  „flume  and  ditch  carry- 
ing the  water  therefrom  to  the  placer  grounds.      In 
this  instance^  as  in  all  others  except  in  Russia,  gold 
is  the  princifjal  inducement,  the  platinum  output  be- 
ing bul  incidental.      On  the  Demidoff  estate  and  the 
government  Goro-Blagodat  district,    in    the    Ural 
mountains,  platinum  is  mined  for  itself  alone.       It  is 
found  ik.a  ten-inch  "streak  "  of  sand  resting  upon  a 
serpentine  bedrock  at  a  depth  varying  from   ten  to 
forty  fee|.fr«pm  the  surface.     A  sha^t  is  sunk  to  the 
bedrock,  a  cfrif*  run  and  the  sand  hoisted,    fed   with 
water  into*  a  revolving  conical  screen  and  sluiced. 
The  industry   furnishes   employment  to  about  6000 
men  and  women,  the  former  earning  about  60  cents, 
the  latter  3a  cents  per  day,  this  low   wage  being  a 
part  of  "the  European  level  "  regarding   which   the 
California  miner  and   manufacturer  hear   so  much 
nowadays.     The  cost  of  washing  these  Ural  platinum 
sands  is  about  $16.75  per  kilo  of  native  metal,  about 
forty  cents  per  metric  ton  of  sand  washed.  It  is. said 
that  sand  containing  less  than  three  grammes  of  plati- 
num per  ton  cannot  be  profitably  handled.  The  aver- 
age is  about  four  grammes  per  metric  ton.     On  this 
there  is  a  government  tax  of  three  per  cent. 

It  is  believed  that  the  present  annual  consumption 
of  platinum  in  electrical  and  other  industries  in  this 
country  approximates  50.000  ounces,  nearly  all  5f 
which  is  imported.  It  is  found  in  connection  with 
iridosmine  in  Butte,  Plumas,  Siskiyou,  Trinity  and 
Tuolumne  counties  in  this  State,  and  its  great  pres- 
ent value  (about  one-half  that  of  gold)  gives  it  pro- 


portional importance. 


•  Regarding  the  Mother  Lode  Power  Co.,  referred 
"to  on  page  229,  one  of  the  incorporators  informs  us 
:that  the  capacity  will  be  3000  H.  P.,  which  can  be 
'furnished  at  about  one-half  the  present  rates. 


That   Amendment  Again. 

Immediately  after  the  popular  majority  at  the  last 
State  election  for  the  constitutional  amendment  re- 
garding alien  ownership  of  real  estate  in  California, 
came  numerous  inquiries  to  this  paper  from  England 
regarding  its  effect  upon  foreign  investments  in  min- 
ing property  here.  The  question  was  answered,  in 
effect  that  "the  intent  of  the  law  was  all  right;  that 
subsequent  Legislatures  and  State  courts  would  un- 
doubtedly construe  it  in  accordance  with  such  intent, 
and  that  the  adoption  of  the  amendment  need  not 
tnilttate  against  any  contemplated  mining  invest- 
ment. The  London  Times  and  other  leading  British 
journals  have  given  space  to  adverse  comment  on  the 
new  California  law,  which  has  had  a  bad  effect  on  the 
proverbially  timid  capitalist.  It  is  worth  while  to 
restate  the  facts.  The  new  law  vests  in  the  State 
Legislature  the  power  to  legislate  upon  the  real  es- 
tate rights  of  alien  residents.  That  is  all  there  is  to 
it.  Of  course,  there  is  a  possibility  that  future  State 
Legislatures  may  do  foolish  things  as  well  as  many 
wise  ones;  but  there  is  no  probability  that  there  will 
be  any  interference  with  aliens  or  foreigners,  resi- 
dent or  non-resident,  in  acquiring,  holding  or  dispos- 
ing of  mining  properties  in  this  State.  The  intent 
was  and  is  to.  prevent  foreign  syndicates  securing 
great  areas  of  State  land  for  speculative  purposes, 
which  has  been  done  to  the  detriment  of  the  com- 
monwealth in  other  States  of  the  Union.  Its  pos- 
sible application  to  gold-mining  properties  was  un- 
thought  of.  aiid  is  remote. 

As  to  questions  of  policy,  this  paper  does  not.  be- 
lieve that  the  gold-mining  industry  of  the  State  is 
greatly  concerned  about  the  matter  either  way. 
While  California  is  to-day  the  best  field  for  foreign  or 
domestic  investment  in  gold  mines,  and  while  the 
State  is  always  pleased  to  have  the  favorable  atten- 
tion of  capitalists,  native  or  alien — for  money  talks 
in  all  languages — yet  the  acquisition  of  valuable  gold- 
producing  property  by  other  than  residents  of  the 
State  or  Nation  is  not  always  a  wholly  desirable  re- 
sult, so  far  as  the  State  is  concerned,  and  the  State 
has  no  apologies  or  excuses  to  make  for  evincing  a 
desire  to  preserve  its  domain  from  the  grasp  of  what 
in  Europe  is  unfavorably  known  as  "  absentee  owner- 
ship," with  all  that  that  implies.  The  foreigner  who 
contemplates  a  mining  proposition  in  this  State  may 
be  assured  that  nothing  has  been  nor  is  likely  to  be 
done  to  impair  justly  acquired  title  or  interfere  with 
possession  or  right  of  transfer. 

The  critical  care  with  which  every  line  in  this 
paper  is  read,  and  the  general  character  of  its  cir- 
culation, have  been  strikingly  illustrated  by  a  slight 
slip  in  the  wording  of  a  recent  advertisement,  which 
unintentionally  made  an  indirect  statement  that 
could  not  be  borne  out  by  strict  construction  of  ex- 
isting facts.  Like  a  circle  widening  in  the  water  for 
the  first  few  days  after  the  appearance  of  that  par- 
ticular issue  of  the  paper  came  inquiry;  comment  and 
criticism  from  readers  round  about  the  city,  then 
from  the  interior,  and  from  States;  and  Territories 
north,  east  and  south,  and  later  On  from  more  re- 
mote readers.  The  work  of  acknowledging  the  re- 
ceipt of  so  many  missives  from  every  part  of.  the 
mining  world  was  lightened  by  the  consciousness 
that  no  statement  or  announcement  in  any  depart- 
ment of  the  paper  was  overlooked  by'  our  thousands 
of  weekly  readers:  The  circumstance  is  recalled  and 
emphasized  by  the  receipt  of  nine  letters  this  week- 
regarding  a  six-line  item  that  appeared  on  the  first 
page  of  the  issue  of  March  23rd,  regarding  the  cost 
per  ton  of  ore  treated  at  the  West  Australia  works 
of  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  Co.  Doubt  had  been 
expressed  as  to  the  accuracy  of  figures  quoted,  and 
each  one  of  the  nine  had  information  and  data  on 
that  subject,  referring  to  the  little  item  in  question. 
We  shall  probably  hear  from  that  for  the  next  ninety 
days.  There  are  few  places  where  mining  is  carried 
on  that  this  paper  does  not  reach,  and  it  is  believed 
that  there  is  no  paper  which  is  read  with  more  in- 
telligent interest. 


With  considerable  surprise  Industries  and  Iron 
of  London  editorially  notices  that  a  contract  "for 
250  tons  of  wrought  iron,  intended  for  London,  has 
been  placed  in  Pittsburg,  U.  S.  A.,  a  firm  in  that 
city  having  succeeded  in  cutting  out  every  home 
estimate  for  the  order." 


Ap'il  13,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


227 


Concentrates. 


The    ReQltUi    saya   Butte   county    mines   yield    $1,000,000 

annually. 

pLd'  lias  contributed  over  $1000  to   the  State 

Miners'  Fund. 

Tut  Tacoina  smelter  is  running  almost  exclusively  on 
Kooteuay  ore. 

It  is  declared  that  the  Trail  Creek,  B.  C,  ore  carries  a  high 
!>ercentage  of  nickel. 

The  mill  at  the  California  mine,  Washington,  Nevada  Co., 
started  up  again  last  week. 

A  ten -si  mr  HILL  is  to  be  put  on  A.  V.  MrDoweU*s  mine. the 
Columbian,  at  Baker  City,  Oregon. 

Tnt:  Hall  Mines  Co.  offer  to  put  up  a  smelter  at  Nelson,  B. 
C.,  if  a  $"25,000  bonus  is  forthcoming. 

Tnt  new  mining  law  for  Arizona,  will  compel  the  mine 
locator  to  work  his  claim  or  abandon  it. 

At  the  Hidden  Treasure  mine,  Sunny  South,  placer  Co., 
110  men  are  now  employed— all  white  men. 

TnE  Gold  Bluff  mine,  near  Duwnieville,  was  attached  last 
week  by  an  electric  power  company  of  this  city. 

Idaho  papers  say  the  Tip  Top  mine  at  Silver  City  has  been 
turned  over  to  the  owners  of  the  Trade  Dollar. 

■  A  ROLLER  HILL  is  being  put  in  at  the  Taylor  mine,  near 
Placerville,  and  will  be  ready  to  run  next  week. 

Toe  old  Dixie  mill,  on  Lynx  creek,  Arizona,  has  been  torn 
down,  and  a  new  ten-stamp  mill  is  to  be  erected  in  its  stead. 

After  July  1,  the  charge  in  Montana  for  recording  a  quartz 
or  placer  claim  will  be  $2  instead  of  SI  as  at  present. 

Drnixo  March  there  was  shipped  from  Georgetown,  Colo- 
rado, sixty-nine  cars  containing  1,726,300  pounds  of  ore. 

The.  Elsinore,  Cal.,  Press  acknowledges  the  receipt  of  "  the 
report  of  the  Southern  California  State  Mining  Bureau." 

Ten  stamps  and  two  concentrators  are  to  be  added  to  the 
mill  at  the  Gold  Hill  mine  at  Smith's  Flat,  Calaveras  Co. 

The  Colorado  Legislature  has  passed  a  bill  creating  a  State 
bureau  of  mines  and  appropriating  $14,000  for  its  first  year's 
expenses. 

It  is  again  reported  that  the  War  Eagle  mine.  Trail  Creek, 
B.  C,  has  been  sold  to  the  Kansas  City  Smelter  Company  for 
$1,000,000. 

Ax  explosion  of  fire-damp  in  the  Blue  Canyon  coal  mine, 
Lake  Whatcom,  Wash.,  last  Monday  afternoon,  killed  twenty- 
three  men. 

Fifty  men  are  employed  at  the  Standard  in  the  Cceur 
d'Alene,  the  ore  being  of  a  quality  that  gives  a  profit  with 
silver  at  63. 

To  date  121  applications  for  hydraulic  permits  have  been 
received  by  the  U.  S.  Debris  Commission.  Eighty-six  have 
been  granted. 

The  Standard  Consolidated  mine  at  Bcdie  is  about  to  re- 
ceive a  new  station  and  sinking  pump  made  by  the  Dew 
Steam  Pump  Works. 

TnE  Blewett  mines  and  mill  in  the  Peshastin,  Wash.,  dis- 
trict, have  been  leased  by  former  employes  of  the  mining  com- 
pany, and  will  be  started  up  May  1. 

A  carload  of  machinery  for  the  Nation  Nickel  Company  is 
at  Lovelock,  Nevada,  en  route  to  the  mines  of  the  company  in 
Churchill  county.     A  smelter  is  to  be  built. 

THEownersof  theSimilikaraeen,  B.  C,  platinum  mines  claim 
that  theirs  is  the  second  largest  deposit  of  the  mineral  in  the 
world.    Active  work  is  to  be  carried  on  this  summer. 

The  Turner  Gold  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  here  : 
Directors— C.  Roberts,  E.  P.  Flint,  J.  Larue,  R.  T.  Ward  and 
R.  H.  Campbell;  capital  stock,  £100,000,  all  subscribed. 

For  the  seven  days  ending  March  29th  the  Finch  Mining 
and  Dredging  Company  at  Lytton,  B.  C,  took  out  50%  ounces 
of  gold,  valued  at  §909,  the  net  profit  on  which, -was  $700. 

The  NezrPerces  reservation  in  Idaho  is  to  be  opened  to  set- 
tlement on  the  first  of  next  month.  A  rich  gold  mining  coun- 
try is  said  to  be  embraced  within  the  borders  of  this  tract. 

In  answer  to  numerous  inquiries  it  is  again  stated  that 
there  is  no  suspension  of  assessment  work  for  1895.  The  law 
has  not  been  changed  and  the  requirements  are  as  hitherto. 

The  Wadsworth  Mining  and  Milling  Company,  of  Washoe, 
has  incorporated  at  Wadsworth,  Nevada:  capital  stock  §100,000. 
Trustees  and  incorporators:  C.  T.  Washeim  and   W.  R.  Rich. 

The  dividends  paid  by  British  Columbia  mining  companies 
in  Spokane  during  the  month  of  February  aggregated  §48,000; 
the  Cariboo  S8000,  the  Le  Roi  $8000,  and  the  War  Eagle 
$32,000. 

The  Altura  Gold  Mill  and  Mining  Company  of  San  Bernar- 
dino has  increased  its  capital  stock  to  §1,000,000.  E.  Otis,  J. 
L.  Campbell  and  T.  W.  Duckworth  of  San  Bernardino  are 
directors. 

Geo.  Senn,  of  this  city,  is  about  to  open  up  the  Baldwin 
mine,  the  Gracie,  and  Orleans,  on  Gold  Flat,  Nevada  Co. 
Considerable  heavy  machinery  will  be  put  up  and  a  large 
number  of  men  employed. 

The  quantity  of  copper  with  which  the  Great  Falls  plant  of 
the  Boston  &  Montana  Company  is  stocked  amounts  to  about 
7,000,000  pounds,  which  when  reduced  and  put  into  merchant- 
able shape  is  worth  §407,000. 

The  latest  new  gold  discovery  is  reported  from  Alberni, 
Vancouver's  Island,  where  it  is  stated  quartz  taken  from  the 
Mountain  Rose  claim  assayed  as  high  as  §900  to  the  ton,  the 
lowest  result  being  given  at  §40. 

The  Denver  Record  says :  "Placer  miners  are  paid  at  San 
Pedro  according  to  the  luck  they  encounter  in  finding  the  pay 
streak.  The  wages  generally  are  $1.50  and  $2.00  per  day,  the 
miners  receiving  their  pay  every  evening." 

A  company  has  been  formed  in  "Vancouver,  B.  C,  to. operate 
platinum  hydraulic  mining  on  the  Tulameen  river.  Gold  and 
platinum  are  said  to  occur  in  the  gravel  there  in  the  propor- 
tion of  two  ounces  of  platinum  to  one  of  gold. 

The  Daddy  gold  mine  at  Murry,  in  the  Cceur  d'Alene,  has 


been  closed  down  aud  the  50  men  discharged,  by  reason  of  an 
injunction  granted  to  the  owners  of  the  Yosemite,  an  adjoin- 
ing  claim.    A  new  10-stamp  mill  had  Just  been  finished. 

The  Sacramento  River  Gold  Miniug  and  Milling  Company 
has  incorporated  at  Redding.  Capital  stock,  $25,000.  J.  A. 
Kahny,  T.  A.  Wilson,  H.  Friekinger,  J.  G.  Burgbacker  of 
Redding,  and  E.  Riebe  of  San  Francisco  are  directors. 

A  San  F&ascisoo  physician  claims  great  truth  in  the  al- 
leged discovery  by  M.  Groussier  of  Paris  of  a  scientific  means 
of  tracing  the  paternity  of  children  who  know  not  their  own 
fathers,  which  becomes  a  local  question  of  some  interest. 

The  Banning  Herald  reports  that  Mr.  McHaney's  mine,  the 
"Desert  Queen,"  is  fully  up  to  the  first  estimate.  The  die- 
coverer  also  sends  word  that  his  statement,  both  as  to  richness 
and  quantity  of  the  ore,  were  not  in  the  least  exaggerated.     ' 

The  United  States  Debris  Commission  has  begun  suit  in  the 
case  of  the  North  Bloomfield   Mining  Company  for  alleged,, 
violation  of  its  order  in  permitting  the  mine   to  be  operated 
without  constructing  a  dam  in  accordance  with   instructions. 

The  United  States  Treasury  Department  is  at  last  "going" 
to  put  into  execution  the  provision  of  the  new  tariff  law  re- 
quiring silver  and  lead  ores  imported  here  to  be  assayed  and 
sampled  at  the  ports  of  entry,  the  principal  one  of  which  is  El 
Paso,  Texas. 

The  Utica  Mining  Co.  is  sinking  a  shaft  1,000  feet  deep  on 
the  Tryon  property  in  the  belief  that  the  ore  body  found  in 
the  Stickle  and  Utica  mines  courses  in  that  direction,  and 
that  at  the  depth  of  a  thousand  feet  the  same  lode  can  be  tap- 
ped. 

The  California  Debris  Commission  last  Monday  grauted  per- 
mits to  the  Grizzly  Hill  and  the  Dry  Gulch,"  near  Volcano, 
Amador  Co.  The  application  of  the  Rattlesnake  Bar  mine  was 
refused,  there  being  no  satisfactory  provisions  for  holding  the 
tailings. 

Fob  the  week  ending  March  28,  1895,  HiUsboro,  Sierra  coun- 
ty, New  Mexico,  reports  an  output  of  590  tons,  gold  ore ;  a 
total  since  January  1st,  1895,  of  6360  tons.  Most  of  the  gold 
bullion  shipments  from  that  camp  came  to  the  Selby  Smelting 
Works,  here. 

The  Gold  Run  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  at  Carson, 
Nevada,  to  operate  in  Humboldt  county,  Nevada.  The  capital 
stock  is  §1,000,000,  divided  into  100,000  shares.  The  Directors 
are  W.  D.  Tobey,  T.  R.  Hofer,  R.  M.  Clarke,  H.  Warren  and 
Evan  Williams. 

The  Utica  Water  Co.'s  reservoir,  near  Angel's  Camp,  burst 
last  Thursday  afternoon ;  the  water  in  its  rush  toward  the 
Mokelumne  drowned  an  old  man,  Otto  Lundt,  living  on 
Antonio  creek.  The  dam  cost  about  §45,000,  and,  it  is  thought, 
will  have  to  be  rebuilt. 

The  African  Gold  Recovery  Company  (Limited)  announces 
that  49,260  ounces  of  gold  have  been  recovered  at  the  Rand, 
and  8300  ounces  in  other  districts;  total,  57,560  ounces  during 
February,  by  means  of  their  Mac  Arthur- Forrest  cyanide 
process.    The  January  total  was  58,634  ounces. 

Montana  men  have  bought  the  Monita,  Pilgrim  and  Sur- 
prise claims  on  Red  Mountain,  Trail  Creek,  B.  C,  for  §60,000, 
the  last  payment  to  be  made  in  eight  months.  These  are  ex- 
tensions of  the  War  Eagle,  showing  eight  feet  of  ore.  A  local 
paper  says  100  men  will  be  employed  within  four  months. 

The  February  output  of  the  Witwatersrand  district  was 
169,295  ounces,  being  less  than  the  total  January  yield,  which 
was  less  than  the  aggregate  for  the  preceding  month  of  De- 
cember. London  mining  papers  of  the  latest  date  received 
say  this  announcement  "  has  stimulated  business  in  the  Kaffir 
market." 

S.  J.  Stade  was  fatally  injured  in  the  south  shaft  of  the 
Utica  mine  last  Thursday.  After  endeavoring  to  "spit "  the 
fuse  of  two  holes  to  blast,  he  thought  only  one  ignited  and 
after  the  first  charge  exploded  returned  to  light  the  other 
fuse.  Just  as  he  arrived  at  the  spot  the  second  charge  ex- 
ploded. 

Manager  Stoneham,  of  the  West  Australian  gold  fields, 
writes  that  Coolgardie  water  can  be  had  anywhere  now  for 
four  pence  per  gallon.  This  is  certainly  a  boon;  now  that  it  is 
known  that  water  costs  only  eight  cents  a  gallon  the  Cali- 
fornia rush  to  the  Coolgardie  gold  fields  will  doubtless  take 
the  form  of  an  exodus. 

The  new  law  regarding  the  filing  of  any  articles  of  incorpor- 
ation provides  that  when  certified  by  the  Secretary  of  State, 
or  by  the  County  Clerk  of  the  county  where  the  original  arti- 
cles shall  have  been  filed,  they  must;  be  received  in  all  the 
courts  of  this  State,  and  other  places,  as  prima  facie  evidence 
of  the  facts  therein  staled. 

George  Thrasher,  for  a  Spokane  company,  is  fitting  up  an 
outfit  for  mining  on  the  Clearwater  river,  near  Lewiston,- 
Idaho,  and  has  employed  local  rivermen  to  man  bateaux  to 
transport  his  freight  to  the  upper  river,  twenty-  miles  above 
the  Little  North  Fork,  where  the  company  has  located  an  ex- 
tensive bar  of  placer  ground. 

The  Philadelphia  Gold  and  Copper  Company,  has  incorporat- 
ed in  Salt  Lake,  Utah:  capital  stock  $500,000.  The  property 
of  the  company  consists  of  the  J.  C.  Taylor  Copper  Plant,  and 
other  lode  mining  claims  situated  in  Baker  county,  Or.  J.  C. 
Taylor  is  president,  H.  S.  Stephens,  vice-president;  E.  S. 
Sheets,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

Deer  Lodge  county,  Montana,  expects  the  liveliest  year 
in  prospecting  in  its  history.  Preparations  on  the  part  of 
many  parties  of  gold  seekers  have  already  been  made  for 
extensive  trips  to  the  mountain  ranges  east,  west  and  north 
to  known  mineral  belts,  and  to  those  believed  to  exist  in 
hitherto  practically  uninvestigated  regions. 

Governor  Rickards  of  Montana  is  arranging  for  a  conference 
to  perfect  an  organization  for  an  educational  campaign  on  the 
silver  question,  to  be  held  at  Salt  Lake  City,  May  15.  He  has 
sent  a  letter  to  the  Governors  of  California,  Oregon,  Washing- 
ton, Nevada,  Idaho,  Wyoming,  Utah,  Arizona,  New  Mexico 
and  Colorado  asking  them  to  appoint  three  delegates  to  the 
Salt  Lake  conference. 

In  the  suit  of  the  Eastern  stockholders  of  the  Bannister 
Mining  Company  at  Butte,  Montana,  to  cancel  $100,000  first 
mortgage  bonds  on  the  ground  that,  they  were  issued  by  fraud 
and  in  furtherance  of  a  conspiracy  among  the  Montana  stock- 
holders and  trustees  of  the  company,  Judge  McHatton  of  the 
district  Court  decided   in  favor  of  the  Eastern  parties  and 


ordered  the  moitages  to  be  surrendered,  the  bonds  caneeled. 
and  the  foreclosure  sale  perpetually  enjoined  and  the  repav- 
mentpf  $8000  in  interest  collected.  The  bonds  wereiissued  to 
President  E.  D.  Bannister  in  payment  of  a  mining  claim  sold 
to  tbecouipauy  by  him. 

The  Montreal  Hydraulic  Gold  Mining  Company  .has  in- 
corporated at  Cariboo,  "to  acquire  the  propertv  of  the 
Montreal  and  British  Columbia  Prospecting  and  Promoting 
Company,  limited,  certain  placer  mining  properties  in  Cariboo 
and  to  operate  the  same."  Capital  stock,  §250,000.  Trustees, 
P.  A,  Peterson  and  J.  Kennedy  of  Montreal,  J.  M.  Browning, 
F.  C.  Innes  and  S.  O.  Richards  or  Vancouver. 

A  bill  passed  by  the  last  Stute  Legislature  aud  signed 
March  23rd  amends  Section  1416  of  the  Civil  Code  relative  to 
notices  of  intention  to  divert  water.  Within  sixty  days  after 
the  notice  is  posted  the  claimant  must  begin  work  of  excava- 
tiou^and  pursue  it  diligently;  but  if  a  dam  is  advised  by  the 
California  Debris  Commission,  sixty  days  are  to  be  allowed 
after  the  completion  of  the  dam  in  which  to  begin  the  excava- 
tion. 

During  the  winter  forty-eight  men  have  been  washing  the 
banks  of  the  Lardeau,  B.C.,  for  gold.  Two  men  took  out 
$3000  in  dust  and  nuggets  between  them,  and  all  have  made 
good  wages.  Some  of  the  nuggets  taken  out  were  worth  $25 
each.  A  large  quantity  of  float,  carrying  gold,  was  found  in 
the  creek,  and  the  miners  will  combine  and  prospect  the  moun- 
tains with  the  intention  of  discovering  the  ledge  from  whence 
came  this  quart?.. 

This  is  from  the  Amador  Lodger.:  it  is  about  one  of  Cali- 
fornia's big  gold  mines,  not  six  months'  travel  on  the  other 
side  of  the  globe,  but  a  day's  Journey  from  this  city: 
11 3130,000  taken  out  of  half  a  ton  of  rock  is  good  pay  ore,  and 
not  found  every  day;  yet  one  day  this  week  the  Kennedy 
Mining  Company  hoisted  a  half  ton  of  rock  that  assayed  the 
above  amount.  So  rich  was  the  ore,  it  had  to  b.e  taken'to  the 
sulphuret  works  to  be  refined;  the  mill  could  not  handle  It." 

The  Tacoma  Chamber  of  Commerce  furnishes  the  following 
statement  of  Tacoma  Smelting  &  Refining  Co.,  for  the  month 
of  March;  1895:  Number  of  men  employed,  63;  pay  roll, 
$4722.96;  wood  choppers  and  teams,  -$640— total,  £5362.96;  prod- 
uct, 2400  bars  bullion  weighing  247,817  lbs,  copper  matte 
weighing  56.700  lbs;  contents— 1572.50  ozs.  gold  at  $20.67, 
$32,503.57;  22,370.25  ozs.  silver  at  $0.63,  $14,093.25;  257,274  lbs 
lead  at  $3.05  per  cwt.,  $7846.85;  28,740  lbs  copper  at  $0.09%, 
$2694.38— total,  $57,138.05. 

The  fourteenth  annual  report  of  the  Hecla  Consolidated 
Mining  Company  of  Glendale,  Montana,  shows  that  for  1894 
its  gross  receipts  amounted  to  $146,769.13;  it  paid  out  for  labor 
and  all  other  expenses  $290,596.35,  leaving  a  net  cash  profit  for 
the  year  of  $156,172.73.  On  December  31,  1893,  the  cash  sur- 
plus was  $106,339.06,  which,  plus  the  net  cash  profit  of  1894,  is 
$262,511.84;  deducting  from  this  the  eight  dividends  aggre- 
gating $120,000  paid  in.1894,  leaves  a  net  cash  surplus  Decem- 
ber 31,  1894,  of  $142,511.84. 

D.  W.  Brunton,  a  prominent  mining  man  of  Aspen,  Colo- 
rado, member  of  the  firm  of  Taylor  &  Brunton,  samplers,  and 
manager  of  the  Delia  S.  mine,  has  had  a  preliminary  trial  be- 
fore Justice  A.  P.  Snow  on  the  charge  of  maintaining  a  black- 
list at  the  mine.  A  former  foreman,  Charles  McHenry,  pro- 
duced the  alleged  blacklist  in  court,  which  contained  the 
names  of  over  200  well-known  Aspen  miners.  The  Court  held 
him  to  appear  at  the  next  term  of  District  Court  in  the  sum 
of  3500.  Considerable  feeling  exists  in  Aspen  over  the  facts 
brought  out  at  the  trial. 

A  Georgetown  mining  man  tells  of  a  queer  miueral  forma- 
tion encountered  in  reopening  an  abandoned  and  closed  drift 
in  the  Baxter  mine.  In  the  bottom  of  the  drift  is  a  drain. 
This  drain,  he  says,  was  filled  with  a  black  paste-like  sub- 
stance which  was  gathered  and  put  into  ore  sacks.  An  ~assajr 
was  made  of  it  which  gave  a  silver  value  of  several  hundred 
dollars  per  ton.  He  also  tells  the  Gazette  of  the  formation  of  a 
sulphide  ore  going  on  in  the  Gaaibetta  lode.  A  number  of 
years  ago  a  long  drift  was  driven  on  this  property  which  ex- 
posed a  continuous  vein  of  zinc  blende  carrying  about  fifteen 
ozs.  of-  silver  to  the  ton.  Over  the  exposed  faces  of  this  ore  a 
thin  crust  of  steel-gray  mineral  is  forming  which  carries 
about  fifty  ounces  of  silver  per  ton. 

On  the  26th  ult.  the  Governor  signed  the  recently-passed  bill 
which  amends  section  1238,  Code  of  Civil  Procedure,  relative 
to  eminent  domain.  The  right  may  be  exercised :  for  public- 
uses  in  the  following  new  instances  :  For  '•  dams  and  pound- 
ings,^ for  byroads  from  highways  to  mines,  mills,  factories 
and  buildings  for  operating  machinery,  ornecessary  to  reach 
any  property  used.  for.  public  purposes;  for  roads  for  trans- 
portation by  traction  engines,  or  road  locomotives;  oil  pipe 
lines;  roads  for  logging  or  lumbering  purposes;  canals,  res- 
ervoirs, dams  ditches,  flumes,  aqueducts  and  pipes  for  supply- 
ing and  storing  water  for  the  operation  of  machinery Jor  the 
generating  and  transmission  of  electricity  to  mines,  quarries, 
railroads,  tramways,  mills  and  factories;  for  power  purposes, 
and  light  or  heat;  or  mines,  quarries  or  mills,  or  for  cities  and 
counties,  villages  and  towns,  together  with  lands,  buildings 
and  all  other  improvements  in  or  upon  which  to  erect,  install, 
place,  use  or  operate  machinery  for  the  purpose  of  generating 
and  transmitting  electricity  for  any  of  the  purposes  or  uses 
:above  set  forth;  finally,  electric  light  lines. 

Here  is  an  (editorial)  "  prospectus  "  of  a  South  African  gold 
mining  company  clipped  from  the  columns  of  London's  ablest 
and  most  conservative  mining  paper:  "The  claims  have  been 
reported  on  by  Mr.  Pizzighelli,  the  Government  surveyor. 
He  states  that  a  valuable  water  right  has  been  secured  from 
the  Government  in  an  adjacent  stream,  and  goes  with  the 
property,  and  that  there  is  enough  power  to  drive  a  10-stamp 
battery  and  accessories.  A  crushing  of  70  tons  of  ore  from  the 
Royal  Sheba  ground  is  stated  by  him  to  have  yielded  over  13 
dwts.  to  the  ton.  Taking  it  at  the  lowest  estimate  of  10 
dwts.  per  ton,  the  following  forecast  may  be  regarded  as  mod- 
erate :  Ten  stamps  will  crush  40  tons  per  day,  and  working 
300  days  per  year  equals  12,000  tons,  producing  6000  ounces  of 
gold,  or  an  average  of  10  dwts.  per  ton,  6000  ounces  of  gold,  at 
£3  17s. 6d. per  ounce,  £23,250;  working  expenses  on  12.000  tons, 
at  12s  per  ton,  £7200;  gross  profit  per  year,  £16,050.  This 
profit,  after  deducting  £3550  for  reasonable  depreciation  and 
management  expenses,  would  leave  £12,500  net  profit— suffi- 
cient to  pay  a  dividend  of  25  per  cent  on  the  entire  capital  of 
the  company."  And  those  claims  are  far  more  moderate  than 
many  others  at  present  published  in  the  reading  columns  of 
reputable  London  journals. 


22«- 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  13    1895. 


Pocket   Hunting- in'  California. 


NUM-EEIl'  ml- 


Written  tor  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  By  W.  ;H. /Storms, 
M.  E. 

There  are  many' pocket  mines  in   Mariposa  county, 
but  some  of  the  most  noted  of  these  are  on  the  Mari- 
posa estate  and  have   not  been,  worked   for.  many' 
years.     Among  theseis  th&  famous  Osp-mine,  a  short 
distance  west  of  the  village  Of  Bear  Valley,    which 
vein.is  said  to  have  produced  $400,000  from  a  series 
of  pockets  found  at  the   intersection  "of  "crevices.     I 
visited  the  old  workings  ;in:  the  hope  of.  ■finding   some. 
egjcfaSfie  upon.wUte'h.tp  base'snidea  of  "the.  maimer  in: 
wjicb'the  richde-posits.br'  "this,  mine"  occurred,    but_ 
the  jinacc^ssibiiity  of.:  the  ^workings _:.macfo  :this   im- 
possible.    It  "was   evident,  however,  that   the   open- 
iu.gs_were.made  along  .two  s_e.ri.es  -  of.  veins,   one-run- 
niDg^hortkancl  sou in,  -the  other  .east  and/west,    .    --- 
;  The  Mariposa  mine,  in  the  town  .af... Mariposa,  was; 
extensively  worked  vat  one  time, /and.  has  always  been; 
considered  apocket mine;   "How  much  -themiine  pro-' 
dueed -ft  is  "irnpossifile   to  say.    We  known •  produc- 
tion-reached hundrectsof thousands  of- "dollars,  and  it 
is  generally  believed,  if  not  positively  known,  that  an 
enbr-mous  amount  of  gold  was-  stolen  by  miners  Work- 
ihgHn  the  mine.'-Some'oFtKe  specihiensrFnave  seen,; 
saLd'tp  have  conie  from  this;  mine', ".make.^ji. ".easy;.- "to" 
beliese  that  t't .watucT  not-  be. a  hard  '-matter  jar  -a 
miner"  to  steal-  -a  hundred-dollars   without-,  ckitec-tipii; 
As.  nenly    as-  can   be  leatB;ed,.-the.  laager-   packets, 
foundan  i-he. /Mariposa:  occurred;. at.  or  ?ne_rr /points 
where  tlie.main  .vein  branched,  sending.ott'  shoots  into 
the --hanging,  or-  fooiwalls. ".  ..The  .quartz-   is  -highly 
eryst-jline.  -;;  The  -wafts '  are.  lilacE  jslate   and  diorite 
pctrphyi'ite;"::   „'»w— .'_■:.    ;:;:'//    .  ..-:■  :-.;r.;-..:.':  ::■;-     - : --  '.- 
rThe:Missouri;.c3ulfeh'v«iri,:.loc'.atecl.:iii.ihe:h.rl.ls.a.hiile 
northeast  ol'  the-towii  :of'~MaFiposa,   was"  a  famous 
p&ck'et. 'vein;  though-not  worked  to7 any  •considerable 
depth.5   ItSvas  fbbnci'by  the  "plater  miners   in   early 
days. 

•The  French  -mine,' on  .the "-north  ".slope-  'of  "Mount 
Buffion, . about tm-eeimfes  northeast  tit  Bear  Vglleyj 
is.'  a'  iy  p  ic  al  :poc  k  e  t  "mine, ";,.  and  ".hits  ma  h  y  \  open  lugs 
along  its  course  T:\  eiy_gnlch  lie^din-g  on  flie..yiin.": 
has  been  rich -in  gold.  The  vein  is  from  one  to  .four 
feet/in /Width  -and. ;  shows  a  cawsta+line.  .structure. 
M-sny^  very  .handsome  /quartz. /Crystals  .'have.  t}ee.n: 
found  in  this  mine.  The  enclosing rock-  is  ctiabase. 
The usual  '.'. gold. aeams  ":ancl. •'.'.crossings.: -...-aFe  said 
to  occur, /.though" //I  .Ilid  mot  :see.;.atry.:of  .the..-:  latter 
fissure's:  "  Mi— :--_£-  ....;/;.:  /.  :  :  ;"  ;  ::  ::'-_.  '- 
On  •  Pear  Valley  mountain  is  a  /'S'em  filled  the 
Nevada  It  strikes  northwest  and  dips  'thirty 
degr.ees.to  the  southwest...  The  gold.ofcttrs  ihppcTJ-. 
et's^./and  "usually  at  a  point  ih..ilie  vein  wliefe.a:  "mass 
ot  country  -rock  (altered  diabase)  is  enclosed  'in  tire 
vein.     This  type  of  pocket  mine   is.  -  not  1-91.n-n10.1t.jn 

this.section..  .,.__.  .    .    ».„.. ...--   ,.-; 

■Al  a  .place  known  as.  the.  -Bailey  Field,  ..northeast 
of -Mariposa,.  I.  found  a -pocket  ■  vein  in:  the  granite : 
which/was  unlike. those. of  this  region,  though; j./have 
heard  of  similar  occurrences  elsewhere.;-   The 'vein 
pitches ''to   the   westward,-  'but  "the    inclination   is 
vniirble      It  dips  do-wntv arc!  in   1  series -of  waves, 
the  gold;acq.urfing  orrthre  "flatter  part's  of'  the  vein. 
These'-afe  called  '.!'  .floors.''/',;  JSfejtljer.  "gold  . Seams'" 
nqj ;■'.'  ci ossings1     weic  obsci  yed'  in  this,  place     The 
occurrence  of-  gold,,  and  ore  :de posits generally,"  act: 
floors  of  this  description  is7u0ku.miommo.il,, -„JustswI)y;' 
this.-is.sp.  .we  .can  only,  theorize. . ...  ...      ...   ,. 

About  'ejeiyjh'/m-ife's ..southeast  of  "C6uttef.v"i]le,.  .over 
the  Buck  thorn  Mountain  .trail,  is  an  -interesting  mine. 
caHed  the  Mack  Bart.    .It  is.  s"aid  to -have;  produced., 
a  great-many  thousands  of  dollars  -at.a  .very   small: 
expense.  '  This-'mrae""is somewhat  different  from   the- 
ordifiary -pocket  mine,  but  at  the  time  I-;saw  it   the- 
ampunt.qf 'development  woiMl  liafdlvjtistify  passing 
ah.opulioh    as to.  the    persistence' .of  -the-.conditions 
under -wliich'tnegoicl: does' occur.     The.  fbi-.mat'ion   is. 
diabase    altered  .info    ehlbritic    and    talcpse  schist*' 
whtfih:  at   a: -little, -distance:  from.. the-  vein...  becomes 
slaty  or  splintery. diabase.::  Through  the  tiiabas.eJias 
beSu  -intruded   a   latei-'erirptive  :mass,. which,  was 
found-so  tlidroiighlyde'cbinposed  that  positi\-e  ideiiti-; 
lie'atioiT  of  its  charaef'er  would  be  impossible,    but  its 
general  appearance  is  that,  of  a   much  decomposed 
felstone.     The  dike  is' from  one  to  foiir"feet  in   thick- 
ness.    Immediately  above   it,     and   separating ;'the 
feistonef rom  the  diabase,    is  a   quartz   vein    from- a 
seam'to  two  feet   in  thickness.     The   quartz  has;  a 
glassy    appearance, '.is  .partly    massive   and   partly 
ci-ystallized..  -It  111  ay  be  well,   to  remark  here.  tl>af" 
quartz,  crystals  in  a  vein  is.  .almost. always  an  indicia'-'! 
lion  of  bunchy  pay  or  pockets -in  tlie  Southern  mines. . 
The  "first  pocket  found  in  the /Black  Bart,  produced 
113,000,  nnil-was:taken  out  within  thirty  feet  of   the7 
surface:  -  The-fiieii  working  this -mine  told   iiie..;that' 
they  had  learned  •frbm  experience  whena piocket  was 
being  approached.  "    The  .indiea't ions'  Avere  a  highly 
lmneialized  condition  of-tlie/|uai  tz.aiid  the"  occurrence. 
of  a. greenish. scaly  matter-,  in  the.  deconi'posed  '-  "dike 
oekj   .The. same  conditions. ::were.  p.bs.e.r.vecl  rin;  fhe- 
:ondnratit"mrae,  five  -miles  northwes-t.-sf -.the  filaclc 

Phe  dike- rock _of  this Jmlne-is:remaikably  simitoto 

t  -found  'in--'the'  ;fio'narrza  •  trirn:e:?3t''-'  Son'Sra,'  In' 

aolumne  county.     The  Black   Bai't'-vem-is  -a'-Weil^ 


defined  fissure,  audits  course  can  be  traced  a  long 
distance  by  the. numerous  old  dumps  madeby  earlier 
workers.'  . 

It  is  said  of  this  interesting  little  mine  that  when 
a  depth  of  thirty  feet  had  been. reached  in  the  shaft 
the  'owners ;  were  compelled  to  seek  assistance  -in, 
carrying  their  work  further.  A  partner  was  taken 
in,  who  put  in  some  money  on  the  showing  already 
made.  On  the  first  shift  he  made  a  suggestion  that 
the  shaft  be.  enlarged  a  little  by, breaking  down  a 
portion  of  the  hanging-wall.  One  of  the  original 
partners  thought  the  footwall  would  prove  easier  to 
workout,  and  accordingly  the  shot  was  put  in  the 
footwall.  ,-The  first  blast  produced  an  unanticipated 
but  Happy  result,  for  on  .going  down  after  the  blast 
to  note  its: effect,  the.  bottom  of  the.  hole  was  found, 
gli'ttgrmg. "with "gold.  '  Piioni'tlVat  point  the  "footwall 
was  .taken  out  to  the  surface,  .resulting  in  a  cleanup 
of  $13,000" in  about  two  weeks. 

Two  men  who  prospected  a  flat  on  the  summit  of 
Buck th-orninouu tain  for. more  than  a  month  before 
finding. pay,. "were  repaid  "by  taking  put  over  $2000 
within  a  month  after  finding  the  vein  for  which  tlioy 
had  searched  so  long. 

The  story  is /told  that  Samuel  L.  Clemens  (Mark 
Twam)  was  at  one-time  a  pocket  hunter.  He  and 
his  partners: were  not  as -fortunate  in  their  search  as 
some  others.  One  day  they  had  worked  faithfully 
surfacing. up  a  hillside  and  had  actually  located  what 
they/supposed  to  be  the.  near  vicinity  of  the  coveted 
pocket."  Heavy  black  clouds  had.  ^overshaclowed 
thein in- the  meantime,  and  soon  the  great  drops  of 
rain  began  to  fall,  coming  thicker  and  faster,  'and 
' '  Mark  ,J--and  his pards  :dumpecl  the  dirt  where  they 
had  found  it  and  ran  for  shelter.  |  Later  they  "went 
home,  fapd  there  Clemens  -wrote  the  "renowned  but 
ridiculous  s;tory  that  gave  h'irh  his  first'  fame^' LThe, 
.lumping  Frog  of  Calaveras."  Soon  after  some 
Portugueseprospeetors  came  -upon  the  fresh  work-  so. 
hastily  left  by  -the. Americans./  The  rain  had  washed 
avvay.ttie  dirt  and  gold  was  seen"  'shining  among  the 
yellow" earth!  Tliey'kept  the'  find  secret  for  a  long 
time,  though  it  is  said  they  took  $7000  out,  witli.vjry 
little  labor.    ,   .  *"•    '"-      '     :      ":  '  /'.  :  --::/; 

....  THE    rOIU'llVRV    EKI/i', 

Beginning  six- or  seven  miles  cast  of  the  town":of 
Mariposa  and  extending  in  a  northwesterly  diree- 
tic/n-to -"-Buckthorn  Mountain,  ;a  distance  of  fifteen 
miles  or'more,  "is  a.  great  dike  of  eruptive  rock  of 
granitic  type.  This  rock  ranges  in  texture  from 
felsi'te  to  gfaiiulite  at  the  spiitherli  end  and  becomes 
somewhat  coarser  foward  tlie  northern  end,  where 
it  often  takes-011  the  regular  granitic  . habit,  though 
still,  for  most  part',-fine.grained. 

Along  the  entire  belt  a'  large  .amount  of.  develop-: 
nieiit  has:]>ee.ii  done,'  .particularly   on  the   southern 
end,  where,    for  a  distance  of   three    miles   or   more, 
from  a'canip  calle.d -Mono  to  another  knovvn   as  Cciio- 
railo  or  '".Colorbw,  .'.it  .has   been  openecl  extensively 
both  oa  thc.'.j-iurf.ice  and  at  .some,  points  undei  grcund. , 
I  regreit:  to  sn/y.Ttha/t  ithe  extreiiiery  bad  condition  of, 
these  old  workings  made  it  too  dangerous   to  permit; 
of  a  thorough  inspection  at  all  points,   but  .wherever 
it^was  possible,  careful  observation  wasmade, ;  and   it 
appeared  .that  the  .geological  and  mineralogieal   con-: 
ditions  were  similar^throughout  this  southern  section: 
of  the  belt.     The  largest  and   best  exposures   were 
found  in  a  mine  owned  by  George    Lacy,    near  Colo- 
rado,: and. as  the,  conditions  found  here-are  similar  in. 
all  the:others,-.a.sing'le  description  will   suffice  For- all 
on  this paft  of  the  lode;  "This   belt   is   locally   called 
and   has-  heretofore  bee»_- generally  described   and 
referred5 to  as'  the  "Talc  ritihes.''    The  rock. forming 
the    dike    is    not     magnesian    but  '  q'uartzose    and 
alumTnous;be"tiig  a  decomposed  granitc:of  fihe'graln. 
The  dike  varies  from  fourto  "about    thirty   feet    in 
width,  "and  in  a  few  places   it   was  observed   that  it 
had  sent  .branches'  but  into/the   country'  rock— aline, 
smooth"    slate.      The    dike    strikes    northwest  .and 
stands. nearly  perpendicular.     The  only  variation   in 
dip  was  the  apparent  change  due  to  the  swelling   or 
pinching   of  _  the   dike    material.       If    conform*,    ;is 
nearly,  as  could  be.-.asG#r,t.aiued,  to  the   general  strike 
of  the  slates.:      v    —■    -.-.-. 

The  entire  mass  of  the  dike  rbek  is  shattered  and 
seamed,  in- every  direction.  ,  Many  of,  tin-  seams  are 
filled,  with -infiltrated  veinlets  of  quartz. 

The  most  prominent  of  these  quartz-lilled  seams 
or  veins  is  a. .series  '  which  crosses  the  dike  fr-orn-  wall 
to -wall,  aifdiiot  extending  beyond  the  limits  of  the 
dike  rock  itself.  These  seams  are  from  an  inch  to  a 
foOt^  Or  more  in  -thickness.  The  seams  occur  vvith 
quite  noticeable  regularity,  lying  nearly  Hat,  about 
four  to -six ''feet,  apart.  The  seams  are  filled  with' 
highly:' crystallized  quartz,  silicibus  limonite,  i.ilack 
mangaiiese  oxide  ,  !and.  decomposed  dike  material. 
Many  of  the  quartz  crystals  are  of  great  beauty  and 
soh'i'e.'"qi  "the in  ol'Ccihsiderable.size — four,  to  six  inches 
in  diai.iieter.  ,1  saw  two  crystals  of  large  size  at 
Colpradpcdnfaining  pretty" inclusions  ,pf  mpss:like, 
greenish  material,- probably  chlorite. 

In  the  northern  portion, of  thisiiniue.  the  strike  of 
these,  quartz  seams  is  northeasterly,  nearlyat  right- 
angles  to  the  strike  of  the  dike.  In  this  portion  of. 
themine  the  gold,  which/always  occurs  in  pockets, 
is  foundneai'/.theeast  waU(i  either  imbedded  in:  the 
quartz  of  ;lying' between' -the  quartz  and-  the  dike' 
rock:  ■'■  :;:" ■'-—'■  ?■'■  - ';  ' ■'-  -  —  ';..':':"; 
K'the-soutfiei-n  portion  o'f   the  mine  the   strike-of 


the  seams  is  clue  east  and  west,  the  dip  seventy-seven 
degrees  north.  Strange  to  say,  here  the  gold  is 
found  under  similar  conditipns  on  the  west  side  of 
the  dike,  directly  contrary  to  the  position  it  was 
found  to  occupy  at  the  northern  end.  I  was  unable 
to  give  sufficient  time  to  a  study  of  the  conditions 
to  find  any  reason  for  this  peculiar  freak  of  gold 
deposit.  A  complete,  careful  study  of  the  conditions 
underwhich  pockets  occur  here  would  be  most  in- 
teresting. 

The  development  of  these  mines  is,  as  has  been 
stated,  largely  superficial — that  is,  by  a  series  of  - 
open  excavations,  made  along  the  surface  and  upper 
portions  of  the  dike.  In  the  Lacy  mine  alone  there 
has  been  removed  100,000  tons  of  rock,  and  mostly 
by  one  man — the  owner.  The  open  cut  is  600  feet 
long,  I  rom  20  to  00  feet  wide,  and  at  one  place  100 
feet  wide  (due  to  a  slide  of  the  wall  rocks  into  the 
pit).       .  :   ..  - 

The  pockets  are  carefully  searched  for  at  the  points 
indicated.  The  waste  resulting  from  a  season's 
work,  consisting  of  broken  masses  of  dike  rock, 
quartz  and  slips  from  the  walls,  is  allowed  to 
accumulate  in  the  pit,  and  the  whole  is  sluiced  out 
by  the  hydraulic  method  when  sufficient  water  is 
available.  Fortunately,  there  is  abundant  dump, 
as  the  mines  are  a  thousand  feet  or  more  above  the 
canyon  of  the  Merced  river. 

The:  gold  obtained  is  coarse  and  occurs  in  forms  of 
greaf  beauty,  forming  pieces  suitable  for  jewelry 
whieh'the  most  expert  goldsmith  would  be  puzzled 
to. duplicate..  It  usually  has  a  crystallized  appear- 
anceand.  frequently  retains,  what  .seems  to  be  the 
impression  of  the  matrix  of  quartz 'in  which  it  was 
formed.. .  There  are  delicate  markings  and  indescrib- 
able flufingsseen  under  a  fens' not  "noticed  at  a  casual 
inspection;  Many  of.these  pieces  are  sold  at  a  price 
exceeding'their'"rntrinsie'"valiie.! 

;Thci' qUartii'c.ontairis  no  tine  gold  as  far  as  knffwn 
and -is  not  saved;  all  tne  gold  recovered  in  working 
these  mines  is  readily  seen  with  the  unaided  eye  and 
picked. out  by  haifcl;     :-  -" 

Teh  of  twelve  'utiles  northwest  of  tlie  Lacy  mine, 
on  the  north  side  of  Merced  river,  is  found  a  series 
of  those'lnifies-'on  the  same  dike.  The  open  cuts  can 
be  seen  for  miles  in -bold  relief  among  the  dark  green 
chimisal  brush  which  covers  the  otherwise  barren 
hills. "- 

The  mines  most  extensively  opened  on  1his  portion 
of  the  belt  are  known  as  the  Defiance  and  Harrison. 
The  dike  rock  in  this  section  is  from  thirty  to  more 
than :100  feet/ wide:  The- rock  is  "harder  and  more 
firm  than  at  Colorado,  but  still  greatly  altered.  The 
quartz  veins  crossing  the  dike  lie  mostly  more  nearly 
horizontal,  and-gold  is  found  on  both  sides  of  the 
dike.  The  country  rock  enclosing  the  dike  is  similar 
to/that. south  of  the  river,  though  rather  more  shaly. 
The  dip  of  the  dike  is' from  seventy-five  to -eighty 
degiees.  These  pockets  have  undoubtedly  enriched 
the  numerous/gulches  heading  up  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  dike1.  ^Solomon's  and  Flyaway  gulches  were 
famous  placer  fields. 

The  scarcity  of  water  on  these  high  hills  has  proven 
a  great  drawback  in  working  these  mines  in  the  past. 
The  belt  is  fully  fifteen  miles  in  length  and  not  over 
seven. miles  of  it  has  been  prospected,  and  even  in 
the  largest  mines  the  amount  of  underground  devel1 
opment  is  comparatively  small.  .  It  would  appear 
that,  this  might  prove  a  field  for  the  pocket  hunter 
to.:e-xcrcise"  his  sjcill  and. perseverance. 


.Placer  County.  Mines. 


To  TifK  KiiiTOU,:— The  Bme  Canyon  placer  gravel 
mine,  owned  by  S.  C.  Jordan  of  Dutch  Flat,  has 
lately  been  bonded  to  VV.  T.  Jackson  of  Sacramento 
and  Prof.  F.  ;I,  Kimball,  et  al.,  for  three  years;  The 
parties  who  have  bonded  it  propose  to  run  a  tunnel 
into  the  mine  the  length  of  2S00  feet,  which  will  tap 
the  channel. 

TheShady  Run  quartz  mine,  also  owned  by  Mr. 
Jordan,  located  five  miles  east  of  Dutch  Flat,  has 
been  nonded  to  New  York  capitalists  for  a  period  of 
ten  months.  This  new  company  propose  to  put  up  a 
mill  and  thoroughly  develop  this  mine.'  This  mine, 
the  ore  of  which  runs  fifteen  per  cent  of  gold,  has 
two  distinct  ledges;  one  is  a  foot  wide  and  100  feet 
deep;  the  other  is  six  feet  wide  and  sixty  feet  deep. 
Mr.  .loiilah  feelsX'onlident  that  with  these  new  com 
panics'  the  output  will  increase  and  prove  a  profit- 
able, investment,  both  for  the  new  companies  and 
himself. 

Mr.  K.  Mallons.  who  owns  the  Golden  Shaft  mine. 
near  the  edge  of  Dutch  Flat,  which  has  a  shaft  down 
already  ninety  feet,  intends  to  at  once  go  ahead  with 
developing  his  mine  by  running  side  drifts  and 
erecting  an  eight-stamp  mill  thereon.  The  mill  is 
on  the  road  and,  as  soon  as  the  weather  permits, 
the  work-  will  be  pushed.  It  is  a  cement  gravel 
mine,  and  Mr.  Mallons  estimates  the  total  expense 
of  getting  ready  will  be  $10,000,  two-thirds  of  which 
amount  has  been  expended.  It  is  expected  to  pay 
from  $3  to  $4  per  ton.  The  skip  process  self-dump- 
ing apparatus  is  adopted. 

.  W:  S.  Garrett,  superintendent  of  the  Polar  Star 
gravel"  mine .  at  Dutch  .Flat,  states  that  ground 
sluicing  and  hydraulic'king  was  commenced  on.  the 
•1st  inst. ,  and  is  to  continue  through  the  summer. 
They  have   employed  thirty  men  and  anticipate  a 


April  18,  1895. 


Mi-NiisTG  -and  Scientific  -PRESb. 


220- 


prosperous  season.  The  claim  contains  107  acres 
and  they  are  washing  on  the  bed  rock  with  a  150- 
foot  bank.  Everything  has  been  lilted  up  to  incut 
i  he  demands  of  the  business. 

At  Iowa  Hill  it  is  claimed  thai  over  $3,000,000  in 
goid  has  been  taken  oat  just  north  of  and  adjoining 
the  town,  and  more  is  left  for  the  nexl  generation, 
A  Mr.  Brown,  who  had  a  claim  near  Iowa  Mil!  in 
1854  that  paid $10  in  the  pan,  returned  after  an 
absence  of  forty-one  years  a  few  weeks  ago,  and 
found  hiselaim  just  as  he  left  it,  minus  the  $10  per  pan. 

.Miners  looking  for  work  and  prospectors  looking 
for  good  paying  locations,  arc  constantly  met  on  the 
road,  going  to  and  fro.  as  in  the  days  of  old.  bj 
yours  truly,  '  Tu.w  bleb. 


Development  of  Mines. 


i>rnimnis    for    Locations  —  Foreign   Cul    in  Wages   -Present 
system  of  Business,  i:iv, 

To  the  Editor: —  On  a  recent  trip  in  the  mining 

districts  several  things  were  forcibly  impressed  upon 
my  mind,  ami  one  is  the  utterly  absurd  values  placed 
on  mining  pros  peels  that  are  in  many  instances  mere 
locations  and  in  others  but  holes  of  10,  15  or  30  feet 
deep. 

It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  such  senseless  de- 
mands are  simply  causing  property  to  lie  undevel- 
oped and  possibly  unproductive,  to  the  detriment  of 
both  the  owner  and  the  community  where  located. 
Many  act  on  the  principle  that ."  the  fools  are  not 
all  dead  yet,"  and  that  some  one  will  come  along  who 
will  be  charmed  with  the  idea  that  there  is  no  "  hole 
in  the  ground "  and  make  the  purchase,  while  the 
fact  is — in  mining  ventures — the  fools  arc  all  dead, 
and  unreasonable  demands  make  poor  business. 

When  it  comes  to  development  of  locations,  the 
''prospecting"  miner  cannot  put  in  his.  time  to  a 
better  purpose  than  properly  opening  his  supposed 
mine,  and  develop  thereby  a  value  which  will  give 
some  guarantee  for  a  reasonable  amount  to  be  paid. 
A  well-opened  mine,  by  the  expenditure  of  consider- 
able labor,  is  really  more  salable  at  a  high  price 
than  a  less  developed  one  at  a  low  figure.  It  is  to 
be  hoped  for  the  business  of  the  State  that  the 
"  prospecting  "  miner  will  make  developments  on  his 
valuable  property  before  offering  the  same  for  sale; 
if  unable  to  do  so,  he  would  benefit  himself  and  the 
community  by  offering  somebody  one-half  for  a,  cer- 
tain amount  of  development  work.  How  many 
"  prospectors  "  are  there  who  have  claims  that  they 
have  held  for  years  with  nothing  of  value  done  on 
them  !  There  should  be  an  end  to  such  a  system.  It 
does  not  benefit  any  individual.  Work  benefits  the 
entire  people,  and  now  that  the  mining  interest  is 
"  looking  up,"  every  undeveloped-mine  owner  should 
watch  the  chance  for  making  active  such  "pros- 
pects "  as  he  may  have. 

That  there  is  great  injury  indicted  on  the  com- 
munity of  every  town  and  county  by  this  "  dog-in- 
the-manger  "  policy  as  to  locations,  every  one.  cer- 
tainly knows;  thepersous  to  correct  it  are  the  claim- 
ants themselves,  and  the  way  is  by  inaugurating  a 
more  liberal  and  active  policy. 

While  I  am  on  the  question  of  development,  I  want 
to  say  that  the  American  miner  does  not  as  yet,  ex- 
cept in  a  very  few  instances,  show  the  same  amount 
of  mining  dash  and  venture  as  the  English  mine 
operator.  I  mean  in  the  way  of  laying  out  a  large 
work,  requiring  vast  capital  before  any  returns  are 
to  be  expected.  The  American  miner  moves  as 
though  having  a  great  doubt,  the  Englishman  with 
confidence  and  a  knowledge  that  development  of 
great  depth  will  bring  success,  while  scratching 
about  the  surface  simply  scatters  money  and  often 
produces  failures.  I  am  aware  that  we  have  in  Cali- 
fornia deep  workings  by  American  enterprise,  but 
these  are  mainly  the  result  of  the  large  output  of 
rich  ore  they  keep  going  for.  In  South  Africa,  at 
this  time  several  companies  are  expending  from  one 
million  to  one  and  a  half  million  of  dollars  on  devel- 
opment and  plant  before  expecting  to  have  one  dollar 
of  returns.  That  is  mining  with  confidence.  I  do 
not  mean  to  say  that  this  is  desirable  at  all  times, 
but  I  do  say  that  we  on  this  coast  want  to  enlarge 
our  ideas  as  to  development  and  to  take  up  the  pur- 
suit of  mining  with  more  confidence,  and  instead  of 
going  into  development  work  by  piecemeal,  start  to 
open  our  mines  to  a  depth  of  a  thousand  feet,  con- 
sidering this  the  requisite  for  determining  as  to  the 
real  value  of  any  lode  having  favorable  features 
about  it.  Every  prepossessing  mineral-bearing  lode 
at  one  point  or  another  of  a  thousand-foot  develop- 
ment is  very  likely  to  produce  more  value  than  the 
entire  cost  of  such  a  development. 

Of  course,  this  takes  capital  as  well  as  confidence. 
Here  in  California  we  have  unbounded  wealth  in  our 
mines  and  we  do  not  appreciate  the  gift.  Our  busi- 
ness men,  with  a  very  few  exceptions,  do  not  encour- 
age mining  enterprises  or  in  any  way  strive  to  build 
up  an  industry  that  has  more  real  wealth  and  is  of 
more  benefit  to  the  whole  people  than  any  one  single 
industry.  Grains,  fruits  and  wines  do  not  add  the 
volume  to  the  world's  capital  that  mining  does. 
Within  the  past  ten  years  there  has  been  Invested  in 
South  Africa  over  $1,000,000,000  of  European  capital, 
the  greater  part  of  it  going  there  in  the  past  six 
years.  This  vast  investment  in  mines  has  been  giv- 
ing an  output  of  from  $20,000,000  to  $30,000,000  per 


annum.  The  amount  of  money  Europeans  have  put 
into  mining  enterprises  in  South  Africa,  Australia 
and  New  Zealand  is  beyond  all  calculation,  and  here 
in  this  great  gold-bearing  State,  with  double  the  ad- 
vantages in  every  sense,  we  have  not  the  pluck  nor 
enterprise  to  produce  even  $13,000,000;  in  fact,  Wells, 
Fargo  &  Co.'s  estimate  for  1804  was  only  $10,690,646. 

If  we  have  a  good  mining  property  the  first  thing 
we  do  is  to  sell  our  chances  to  some  foreign  investor, 
who  seldom  buys  bad  properties.  This  done,  the  pur- 
chaser, in  very  many  instances,  on  faking  possession 
looks  around  and  commences  work  at  unci-,  ostraciz- 
ing the  Americans  and  [Hit  ting  in  their  stead  men  of 
his-  own  nationality;  if- he  is  English  he  puts  in  Eng- 
lishmen, if  French  then  Frenchmen,  and  so  on 
through  all  nationalities.  This  is  natural,  but  the 
American  does  not  doit.  The  main  object  in  doing 
SO  is  to  reduce  wages,  which  is  loo  oil  en  done.  I 
have  in  mind  an  English  company  who  no  sooner 
took  possession  of  a  property  than  the  miners'  wages 
were  cut  from  $50  a  month  to  $10,  and  general  labor 
from  $1.25  per  day  to  $1  and  board.  By  such  opera- 
tions all  outlays  for  labor  go  into  the  hands  of  a  poor 
foreign  clement,  who  are  kept  poor  by  poor  reward 
for  their  labor.  This  reducing  of  wages  to  a  pit- 
tance insures  better  profit  for  the  company,  all  of 
which  when  made  is  at  once  shipped  out  of  the  coun- 
try. The  employing  of  special  nationalities  in  prefer- 
ence to  Americans  is  not  so  detrimental  to  the  gen- 
eral interest,  for  these  laborers  are  citizens  and, 
through  necessity,  must  distribute  their  gains.  For 
the  best  interests  of  our  State,  however,  we  should 
operate  and  own  our  mines,  and  thus  hold  all  the 
product  for  the  benefit  of  our  people.  Californians 
do  a  great  deal  of  talking  as  to  what  ought  to  be 
done  in  order  to  make  more  general  prosperity  for 
the  masses  but,  as  a  business  community,  will  not 
maintain  it.  From  a  former  liberal  policy  of  busi- 
ness we  have  drifted  too  much  into  the  "  cent-per- 
cent "  channel  of  thought  instead  of  into  a  broad  in- 
dustrial one,  which  in  time  would  afford  every  man 
employment  and  keep  our  money  at  home, 

Recently  we  subscribed  over  $2,500;00(rfor  the  Sari 
Joaquin  railroad,  and  at  once  gave  a  contract  for 
rails,  etc.,  which  will  carry  away- at  least  $2,000,000 
of  the  people's  money,  when  the.  whole  outfit,  should 
have  been  made  in  San  Francisco.  One  may  say  the 
outfit  could  not  be  made  here  for  ther  same',  money:. 
There  was  no  effort  to  see  if  all  the- work  could  be 
clone  here.  There  was  no  conference'  of  capital  and 
labor  to  test  this  question..-  Suppose-  it  costs :  10% 
more,  would  not  we  all  be-better,  off  .  by .  distributing 
this  labor  and  capital  among  our  owffi  people  ?...  The 
money  would  then  be  here  for  some  other  operation. 
We  have  the  location  and  foundation  for  one-  af  the 
wealthiest  communities  on. the  face  of  the  globe— a 
grand  field  for  men  of  brains,  enterprise  and. capital 
to  work  in — and  where  are.  .we  V      .  -     .  .        - 

Is  there  not  a -wrong  system  in  operation?:  Our 
manufacturing  establishments  are  virtually  idle,  and 
yet  we  are  building  and  buying  all  .-the.  time,. enrich- 
ing other  States  by  paying  away  our  gold- instead  of 
planning  to  keep  it  at  home.  This  is  our  way  of  do- 
ing business,  but  ought  we  not  change  it?  What 
wants  to  be  done  for  the  good  of  all  is  to  get  every, 
prospective  mine  opened  as  a  producer.  Keep  the 
resources  of  every  developed  mine  here;  this  means 
more  money  and  more  employment  of  our  labor,,  and, 
in  connection  with  this,  have  all  our  wants  supplied 
by  home  production — in  other  words,  get  out  and  put 
into  circulation  more  money  and  keep  it  here  in  gen- 
eral circulation.  Almariw.  B...  Pa.ih;.  .. 

San  Francisco,  April  3|  '95.  .  ■•■-,. 

Mother  Lode  Power  Company. 

The  Mother  Lode  Power  Company  has  been  organ- 
ized to  furnish  electric  power  to  the  mines  between, 
the  Mokelumne  river  and  Amador  City.  They  own  a 
water  right,  taking-  the  water  from  a  point  above 
Tripp's  mill  and  will  carry  it  down  the  river  several 
miles,  where  a,  generating  station- will.  be.  put  in. 
Here  a  plant  will  be  installed,  supplied  with L the  lat- 
est types  of  multiphase  electric  machinery,'  similar 
to  that  now  being  put  in  at  the"  celebrated  Niagara 
Falls  station.  .... 

From  this  point  lines  will  be  run'  so.  as  to  be  in 
position  to  furnish  power  to  a  large  number  of  mines. 
The  capacity  of  the  plant  will  be  1000-horse  power, 
and  it  is  intended  to  have  things  ready  to  furnish 
this  amount  before  the  next  winter.  Bonds  are  now 
being  subscribed,  and  active  operations  will  begin  in 
a  few  days.  The  entire  installation  will  be  in  the 
hands  of  the  firm  of  Hasson  &  Hunt  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, who  had  entire  charge,  of  the  installation  and 
operation  of  the  magnificent  plant  at  the  Mid- 
winter Fair. — Amador  Republican. 

A  London  cable  says:  Practical  advantage  has 
already  been  taken  by  the  British  postal  authorities 
of  the.  new  method  of  telegraphy  without  wires.  The 
cable  from  Scotland  to  the  Isle  of  Mull  was  broken 
for  a  week,  and  during  that  time  the  inhabitants  re- 
mained in  electric  communication  with  the  mainland 
by  means  of  the  induction  apparatus.  The  distance 
from  the  mainland  is  two  miles.  There  were  already 
wires  along  the  island  coast.  A  parallel  wire  was 
erected  on  the  coast  of  the  mainland, .  and  messages 
sent  over  it  were  received  by  telephone  connected 
with  the  wire  on  the  island,  and  vice  versa. 


Description  of    the  Gold   Belt  of    California.1 


w  rltien  bj  H.  w.  Tchnkh, 

The  gold  belt  of  California  includes  that  portion  of 
the  Sierra  Nevada  lying  between  the  parallels  of  37 
30  and  40  .  This  area  is  bounded  on  the  east  by  the 
gi'cal  basin  and  on  the  west  by  the  great  valley  of 
ornia,  comprising  about  17,000  square  miles. 
The  Sierra  Nevada  here  forms  a  single  range.  Sloping 
somewhat  abruptly  toward  the  great  basin  and 
gradually  toward  the  great  valley  of  California. 
Within  this  area  lie  the  chief  gold  deposits  of.  the 
State,  though  by  no  means  all  of  the  area  is  aurif- 
erous. At  the  northern  limit,  the  deposits  are 
scattered  over  nearly  the  entire  width  of  the  ranee, 
while  to  the  south,  the  productive  region  narrows  to 
small  dimensions.  The  mass  of  the  range  south  of 
Alpine  county  is  comparatively  barren.  North  of 
the  40th  parallel  the  range  is  probably  not  without 
deposits,  but  the  country  is  Hooded- with  lavas  which 
effectually  bury  them; 

The  rocks  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  arc  of  many  kinds 
and  occur  in  very  complex  associations.  They  have 
been  formed  in  part  by  deposition  beneath  the  sea, 
and  in  part  by  intrusion  as  igneous  masses,  as  well 
as  by  eruption  from. volcanoes,  and  portions  of.  them 
have  been.subsequently  metamorphosed, 

The  southern  portion  of  the  range  is  composed  of 
granite.  The  central  and  northern  part,,  west  of 
longitude  120°  80 ,  consists  prevailingly  of  -schists. 
which  have  been- produced. by  intense  metamorphism 
of  both  ancient  sediments  and  igneous  rocks,  and  it  is 
chiefly  but  not-  solely  in*  these  schists  that  the 
auriferous  quartz  veins  occur.  The  treud  of  the 
bands  of  altered  sediments  and  of  the ,  schistose 
structure  is  generally  from  northwest  to  southeast, 
parallel  to  the- trend,  of  .the  range,  but  great' masses 
of  granite  and  other  igneous  rocks  have.-  been  in- 
truded among  these  schists,  forming,  irregular  Bodies 
which  interrupt  the"  regular  structure  and  which  are 
generally  "bordered- each  by  a  zone  of  greater  meta- 
morphism. These  schists,  with  their  associated 
igiieous  masses,  form  the  older  of  two  great  groups 
of  rocks  recognized1  in  the  Sierra  Nevada.  -  This 
group  is  generally  called  the  bedrock  series-. 

Along  tbewesterjibase'of  the  Sierra  -occur  beds 
oFsandstone.and  clay,  some  of-  which- contain  thin 
coal-seams.  These-are  much  younger  than- t-he.-mass 
of  the-range  and  have  not  shared  the-metanrorphisin 
of  the  older  rocks;  They  dip  gen  tly  westward7  beneath 
the.  later  deposits,  which  were  spread  in  the  .'-waters 
of  a- shallow  bay  occupying- the  vaHey  of  California 
and  portions  of  which  have  been  buried  beneath 
recent  river  alluvium.  -  '■-'• 

Streams  flowing  down  the  western-  slope'  of  the 
Sierra  in  thepast-distributetl-  another  formation  of- 
grea.t  importance— the  auriferous  gravels.  The 
valleys  of  these  streams  served  also  as  channels  for 
the  descent  of  lavas  which  poured  out  f  ram  -volcanoes 
near  the  summit.  -  Occupying  the  valleys,-  the  lavas 
buried  .the.  gold-bearing  gravels  and  -  forced  -the 
streams'to  seek  new- channels.  These  have  been 
wbm'down  below  the  levels  of  the  old  valleys,  and 
the  lava  beds,  with  the  gra.yels  which  they  protect, 
have  been  isolated  on  the  summits  of  ridges.-  ■  Thus 
the  auriferous  gravels  are- preserved  in  association 
with  lavas  along  lines  which  descend  f roar-northeast 
toward  southwest,  across'the- trend  of -the-  range. 
The- nearly  .  horizontal  strata, .  -together  with  the 
auriferous  gravels  and  later- •la'vas""' constitute  the 
second  group  of  rocks  reeoghized  -  in.  the  Sierra 
Nevada.  -Compared  With  the  first'  group— the  bed- 
rook  series— these  may  b^  called  the-  superjacent 
serjes.  ...... 

The  history  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,  even-so  far  as  it 
is  recorded  in- the  rocks;  has  hot -yet  been  fully  made 
out,  but  the  events  of  certain  epochs  are  recognized, 
arid  these  maybe  stated  in  a  brief  summary  in  the 
order  in  which  they  occurred, - 

■-  :   ■  THE-PALEOZGIC    ERA.     . 

During  the  Paleozoic  era,  which  includes  the  period's 
from  the  end  of  the  Algonk-ian  to  the  end'  of  the 
Carboniferous,  theState.of  Nevada  west  of  longitude 
117°  30'  appears  to  have  been  "dry  land  of  unknown 
elevation-.  This  land  probably  extended  westward 
into  the  present  State  of  California  and  included  part 
of  the  area  now  occupied  by  the  Sierra  Nevada.  Its 
western  shore  was  apparently  somewhat  west  of  the 
present  crest,  and  the  sea  extending  westward  re- 
ceived Paleozoic  sediments  which  now  constitute  a 
large' part  of  the  central  portion  of  the  range. 

At  the  close  of  the  Carboniferous  the  Paleozoic 
land  area  of  western  Nevada  subsided,  and  during  a 
portion  or  "ail  of  the  Juratrias  period  it  was  at  least 
partly  covered  by  the  sea.  At  the  close  of  the 
juratrias,  according  to  the  latest  paleontologieal 
determinations,  the  Sierra  Nevada  was  upheaved  as 
a  great  mountain  range,  the  disturbance  being  ac- 
companied by  the  intrusion  of  large  amounts  of 
granite. 

The  auriferous  slate  'series  comprises  all  of  the 
sedimentary  rocks  that  entered  into  the  composition 
of  this  old  range  of  Juratrias  time-.  Formations  rep- 
resenting the  Algonkian  and  all  of  the  Paleozoic  and 

:*l<'roill  lile  U.oolutjU-  A I  hi  s  Of- 1  lie  IT.  S.  ..  . 


230 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  13,  1895. 


Juratrias  may  therefore  form  part  of  the  auriferous 
slate  series. 

Fossils  of  Carboniferous  age  have  been  found  in  a 
number  of  places,  and  the  presence  of  Silurian  beds 
at  the  northeast  base  of  the  range  has  been  deter- 
mined. A  conglomerate  occurs  in  the  foothills  of 
Amador  and  Calaveras  counties,  interbedded  with 
slates  containing  carboniferous  limestone;  this  con- 
glomerate is  therefore  presumably  of  Carboniferous 
age.;-  The  conglomerate  is  evidence  of  a  shore,  since 
it  contains  pebbles  of  quartzite,  diabase  and' '  horn- 
blende-porphyrite,  which  have  been  rounded  by  the 
action  of  waves.  The  presence  of  igneous  pebbles  in 
the  conglomerate  shows  that  volcanic  eruptions 
began  at  a  very  early  date  in  the  formation  of  the 
range,  for  thehornblende-porphyrite  pebbles  repre- 
sent' lavas  similar  to  the  hornblende-andesites  of 
later  age. 

The  Paleozoic  sediments  of  the  gold  belt  consist  of 
quartzite,  mica-schist  and  clay-slate,  with  limestone 
lenses.  Rounded  crinoid  stems,  Lith.ostrotion,Fusu- 
lino,  Clisiaphyttvm,  Spirifera,  and  other  genera  have 
"been  found,  chiefly  in  the  limestone,  and  indicate 
that  the  age  of  the  rocks  is  Carboniferous."-  The 
Paleozoic  sediments  are  finely  exposed  in  Calaveras 
county,  and  on  the  gold  belt  sheets  they  will  be  des- 
ignated the  Calaveras  formation.  It  is  probable 
that  some  areas  mapped  as  Calaveras  may  contain 
strata  earlier  .or  later  than  the  Carboniferous.  ■ 

Duringan  epoch  of  upheaval  some  time  after  the 
etose  of  the  Carboniferous  period,  these  sedimentary 
strata  were  raised,  forming  part  of  a  mountain 
range.  The. beds  were  folded  and  compressed,  and 
thus  rendered  schistose.  Granite  and  other  igneous 
rocks  were  intruded  among  them,  and  they  assumed 
somewhat  the  relations  which  they  now  exhibit  in 
the- Sierra  Nevada.  But  those  masses  which'  now 
form  the  surface  were  then  deeply  buried  in  the 
foundations  of  the  range.  They  have  been  brought 
to  the  present  surface  by  subsequent  uplifts  and 
prolonged  erosion.  si 

JURATRIAS   PERIOD.  ,;  A 

The  areas  of  land  and  sea  which  existed  during  the 
earlier  part  of  this  period  are  scarcely  known". 
Strata  showing  the  former  .presence  of  the  sea  have 
been  recognized  in  the  southeastern  portion  of  the 
range  at  Mineral  King,  where  the  sediments,  are 
imbedded  in  eruptive  granite,  and  at  Sailor  Canyon, 
a  tributary  of  American  river.  Rocks  of  this  ^age 
occur  generally  throughout  the.  great  basin  and  the 
Rocky  mountains,  but  the  interior  sea  or  archipelago 
in  which  they  were  deposited  was  apparently  sep- 
arated from  the  Pacific  by  a  land  mass  stretching 
the  length  of  the  Sierra  Nevada.  This  land  probably 
originated  in  the  upheaval  above  referred  to,  some 
time  after  the  close  of  the  Carboniferous,  and  toward 
the  end  of  the  Juratrias  period  its  area  became  so 
extensive  that  the  waters  of  the  Pacific  seem  to 
have  been  completely  separated  -from  the  interior 
seas.  This  conclusion  is  based  upon  the  fact  that 
fossils  of  Jurassic  age  in  California,  so  far  as  known, 
have  closer  relations  with  those  of  Russia  than  with 
those  of  eastern  America. 

The  genus  Aucella,  whose  shells  occur  in  Russia, 
flourish  on  the  Pacific  coast  until  well  into  the  Cre- 
taceous, and  is  distributed  from  Alaska  to  Mexico. 
In  the  Juratrias  strata  of  California  it  is  associated 
with  ammonites  of  the  genera  Perisphinetes,  Cardi- 
oeeras  and  Amaliheus,  which  are  closely  related  to 
forms  of  the  European  Upper  Jurassic. 

The  strata  in  which  these  fossils  occur  are  pre- 
vailingly clay  slates,  which  are  locally  sandy  and  con- 
tain pebbles  of  rocks  from  the  Calaveras  formation. 
Thus  it  is  evident  that  they  were  deposited  near  the 
shore  of  a  land  composed  of  more  ancient  schists, 
and  the  generally  fine  character  of  the  sediment 
shows  that  the  land  which  occupied  the  area  of  the 
Sierra  Nevada  cannot  have  been  very  mountainous. 
These  strata  now  occur  in  two  narrow  bands  along 
the  western  base  of  the  range,  and  are  called  -the 
Mariposa  formation,  from  the  fact  that  they  are  well 
exposed  near  Mariposa. 

Soon  after  the  Mariposa  formation  had  been  -de- 
posited the  region  underwent  uplift  and  compression. 
The  result  of  uplift  was  the  development  of  a  moun- 
tain range  along  the  line  of  the  Sierra  Nevada.  The 
Coast  Range  also  was  probably  raised  at  this  time. 
The  action  of  the  forces  was  such  as  to  turn  the 
Mariposa  strata  into  a  vertical  position,  shattering 
the  rock  and  deforming  it,  and  producing  some 
metamorphism.  The  clay  shales  now  have  a  slaty 
structure,  produced  by  pressure,  which  appears  to 
coincide  in  most  cases  with  the  bedding.  It  was  a 
time  of  intense  eruptive  activity.  The  Mariposa 
beds  were  injected  with  granite,  aud  vast  masses  of 
diabase,  associated  with  other  basic  igneous  rocks, 
date  from  this  time.  There  is  evidence  that  igneous 
rocks  were  intruded  in  varying  quantities  at  differ- 
ent times,  but  that  the  intrusion  of  the  great  mass  of 
the  igneous  rocks  accompanied  or  immediately  fol- 
lowed the  upheavals  is  reasonably  certain. 

The  Mariposa  beds  carry  numerous  gold  veins,  the 
most  important  group  of  which  constitutes  the  famous 
"Mother  lode.""  It  is  believed  that  most  of  the 
gold  veins  were  formed  after  this  upheaval,  and  as  a 
consequence  of  it,  occupying  fissures  opened  during 
the  uplift. 

The  disturbance  following  the  deposition  of  the 
Mariposa  beds  was  the  last  of  the  movements  which 


produced  the  vertical  arrangement  of  the  auriferous 
slate  series.  The  strata  of  succeeding  epochs  are 
sediments  and  tuffs.  Lying  nearly  horizontal  or  at 
low  angles,  they  prove  that  since  they  were  accumu- 
lated the  rock  mass  of  the"  Sierra  Nevada  has  not 
undergone  much  compression.  But  the  fact  that 
they  now  occur  high  above  sea  level  is  evidence  that 
the  range  has  undergone  elevation  in  more  recent 
time. 

-  .        CRETACEOUS   PERIOD. 

By  the  close  of  the  Juratrias  the  interior  sea  of 
North  America  had  receded  from  the  eastern  base 
of  the  Sierra  Nevada  eastward  beyond  the  Rocky 
mountains.  From  the  western  part  of  the  conti- 
nent the  waters  of  the  Pacific  had  retired  in  conse- 
quence of  the  Juratrias  uplift.  The  valley  of  Cali- 
fornia was  then  partly  under  water,  and  the  Coast 
Ranges  seem  to  have  been  represented  by  a  group  of 
islands,  but  during  the  later  Cretaceous  the  region 
subsided  and  the  sea  substantially  overflowed  it. 
Through  gradual  changes  of  level  the  areas  of  depo- 
sition of  marine  sediments  were  shifted  during  the 
Cretaceous  and  Neocene  periods,  and  late  in  the 
Neocene  the  sea  once  more  retreated  west  of  the 
Coast  Ranges.  The  deposits  laid  down  during  this 
last  occupation  of  the  valley  of  California  belong  to 
the  superjacent  series. 

The  advance  of  the  sea  spread  a  conglomerate 
over  the  eastern  part  of  the  valley  in  later  Cre- 
taceous time,  and  sandstone  and  shale  were  subse- 
quently deposited.  This  formation  is  well  developed 
near  Chico,  and  at  Folsom,  on  the  Sacramento 
sheet.     It  has  been  called  the  Chico  formation. 

EOCENE   PERIOD. 

In  consequence  of  slow  changes  of  level  without 
marked  disturbance  of  the  Chico  formation,  a  later 
deposit  formed,  differing  from  it  somewhat  in  extent 
and  character.  The  formation  has  been  called  the 
Tejon  (Tay-hone).  It  appears  in  the  gold-belt  region 
at  the  Marysville  Buttes,  and  it  is .  extensively  de- 
veloped in  the  southern  and  western  portions  of  the 
valley  of  California. 

NEOCENE    PERIOD. 

The  Miocene  and  Pliocene  ages,  forming  the  later 
part  of  the  Tertiary  era,  have  in  this  atlas  been 
united  under  the  name  of  the  Neocene  period.  Dur- 
ing the  whole  of  the  Neocene  the  great  valley  of  Cali- 
fornia seems  to  have  been  under  water,  forming  a 
gulf  connected  with  the  sea  by  one  or  more  sounds 
across  the  Coast  Ranges."-  Along  the  eastern  side  of 
this  gulf  was  deposited  during  the  earlier  part  of 
the  Neocene  period  a  series  of  clays  and  sands  to 
which  the  name  lone  formation  has  been  given.'  It 
follows  the  Tejon,  and  appears  to  have  been  laid 
down  in  sensible  conformity  to  it.  Marine  deposits 
of  the  age  of  the  lone  formation  are  known  within 
the  gold  belt  only  in  the  Marysville  Buttes.  Along 
the  eastern  shore  of  the  gulf  the  Sierra  Nevada,  at 
least  south  of  the  40th  parallel,  during  the  whole  of 
the  Neocene,  and  probably  also  during  the  Eocene 
and  latest  Cretaceous,  formed  a  land  area  drained 
by  numerous  rivers.  The  shore  line  at  its  highest 
position  was  several  hundred  feet  above  the  present 
level  of  the  sea,  but  it  may  have  fluctuated  some- 
what during  the  Neocene  period.  The  lone  forma- 
tion appears  along  the  shore  line  as  blackish-water 
deposits  of  clays  and  sands,  and  frequently  it  con- 
tains beds  of  lignite. 

The  drainage  system  during  the  Neocene  had  its 
sources  near  the  modern  crest  of  the  range,  but  the 
channels  by  no  means  coincided  with  those  of  the 
present  time.  The  auriferous  gravels  for  the  most 
part  accumulated  in  the  beds  of  these  Tertiary 
rivers,-  the  gold  being  derived  from  the  croppings 
of  veins.  Such  gravels  could  accumulate  only  where 
the  slope  of  the  channel  and  the  volume  of  water 
were  sufficient  to  remove  the  silt  while  allowing  the 
coarser  or  heavier  masses  to  sink  to  the  bottom  with 
the  gold. 

.  The  climate  of  the  late  Neocene  was  warm  and 
humid,  much  moister  thatrit  would  have  been  if  the 
great  valley  had  been  above  water,  and  erosion  was 
correspondingly  rapid. 

A  mountain-building  disturbance  occurred  during 
the  Neocene  period.  This"  was  caused  by  pressure 
acting  from  the  SSW.  toward  the  NNE.  with  a 
downward  inclination.  One  effect  of  this  pressure 
was  to  induce  movements  on  a  network  of  fissures, 
often  of  striking  regularity,  intersecting  large  por- 
tions of  the  range.  It  is  not  improbable  that  this  fis- 
sure system  originated  at  this  time,  but  there  are 
fissures  of  greater  age.  This  disturbance  also 
initiated  an  epoch  of  volcanic  activity  accompanied 
by  floods  of  lavast  consisting  of  rhyolite,  andesite 
and  basalt,  which  continued  to  the  end  of  the  Neo- 
cene. These  lavas  occupy  small  and  scattered  areas 
to  the  south,  increasing  in  volume  to  the  north  until, 
north  of  the  40th  parallel,  they  cover  almost  the 
entire  country.  They  were  extruded  mainly  along 
the  crest  of  the  range,  and  often  followed  fissures 
belonging  to  the  system  mentioned  above.  The  re- 
current movements  on  the  fissures  were  probably 
accompanied  by  an  increase  in  the  development  of 
the  fissure  system.     An  addition  to  the  gold  deposits 


tThe  term  "  lavas  "  is  here  used  to  Include  not  only  such  material 
as  issued  from  volcanic  vents  in  a  nearly  anhydrous  condition  and 
at  a  very  high  temperature,  but  also  tuff-flows  and  mud-flows,  and, 
la  short,  nil  fluid  or  semi-fluid  effusive  volcanic  products. 


of  the  range  attended  this  period  of  volcanic 
activity. 

"When  the' lavas  burst  out  they  flowed  down  the 
river  channels.  Sometimes  they  were  not  sufficient 
to  fill  the  streams,  and  are  now  represented  by 
layers  of  "pipe  clay"  or  similar  beds  in  the  gravels. 
These  minor  flows  were  chiefly  rhyolite.  The  later 
andesitic  and  basalt  eruptions  were  of  great  volume, 
and  for  the  most  part  completely  choked  the  chan- 
nels into,  which  they  flowed.  The  rivers  were  thus 
obliged  to  seek  new  channels — substantially  those  in 
which  they  now  flow. 

Fossil  leaves  have  been  found  in  the  pipe  clay  and 
in  other  fine  sediments  at  numerous  points.  Mag- 
nolias, laurels,  figs,  poplars  and  oaks  are  .repre- 
sented. The  general  facies  of  the  flora  is  thought  to 
indicate  a  low  elevation,  and  has  been  compared  with 
that  of  the  flora  of  the  South  Atlantic  coast  of  to- 
day. 

PLEISTOCENE   PERIOD. 

During  Cretaceous  and  Tertiary  time  the  older 
Sierra  Nevada  had  been  reduced  by  erosion  to  a 
range  with  gentle  slopes.  An  elevation  of  the  range 
doubtless  attended  the  Neocene  disturbance  above 
referred  to,  and  minor  dislocations  probably  recurred 
at  intervals;  but  at  the  close  of  the  Tertiary  a  greater 
uplift  occurred,  which  was  accompanied  by .  the 
formation  of  normal  faults.  These  were  widely  dis- 
tributed throughout  the  range,  particularly  .  along 
the  eastern  escarpment,  where  they  form  a  well- 
marked  zone  to  the  west  of  Mono  lake  and  Owen 
lake.  As  a  consequence  of  this  elevation  the  streams, 
having  greater  fall,  cut  new  and  deep  canyons  in  the 
hard  but  shattered  base  of  the  pre-existing  moun- 
tains. 

A  period  of  considerable  duration  elapsed  between 
the  emission  of  the  lava  flows  which  displaced  many 
of  the  rivers  and  the  time  at  which  the  higher  Sierra 
was  covered  by  glaciers.  In  the  interval  most  of  the 
deep  canyons  of  the  range  were  cut  out.  Such,  for 
example,  are  the  Yosemite  valley  on  the  Merced 
river,  the  great  canyon  of  the  Tuolumne,  and  the 
canyon  of  the  Mokelumne.  The  erosion  of  these 
gorges  was  often  facilitated  by  the  fissure  system 
referred  to  above,  and  many  of  the  rivers  of  the 
range  follow  one  or  other  set  of  parallel  fissures  for 
a  long  distance. 

It  is  a  question  at  what  point  the  limit  between 
the  Neocene  and  Pleistocene  should  be  drawn.  It 
has  become  usual  to  regard  the  beginning  of  the 
Glacial  epoch  in  eastern  United  States  as  the  close 
of  the  Neocene.  If  it  could  be  shown  that  the  glaci- 
ation  of  the  Sierra  was  coeval  with  that  of  .^north- 
eastern America,  a  corresponding  drvision-would  be 
adopted.  It  is  believed,  however,  that  glaciation 
was  much  later  in  California  than  in  New  England, 
and  that  the  great  andesitic  flows  mark'  the  close  of 
the  Neocene. 

The  Sierra,  from  an  elevation  of  about  5000  feet 
upward,  was  long  buried  under  ice.  The  ice. did  not 
to  any  noticeable  extent  erode  the  solid  roek^  in  the 
area  which  it  covered,  although- it  removed-  enor- 
mous amounts  of  loose  material.  Its  seems  rather 
to  have  protected  it  from  erosion  while  intensifying 
erosion  at  the  lower  elevations,  just  as  would  a  lava 
cap.     Small  glaciers  still  exist  in  the  Sierra. 

IGNEOUS   ROCKS. 

Rocks  of  igneous  origin  form  a  considerable  part 
of  the  Sierra  Nevada.  The  most  abundant  .  igneous 
rock  in  the  Sierra  Nevada  is  granite,  this  term  em- 
bracing both  granodiorite  and  true  granites.  -  Rocks 
of  the  granitic  series  are  believed  to  have  consoli- 
dated under  great  pressure  and  to  have  been  largely 
intruded  into  overlying  formations  at  the  time  of 
great  upheavals.  Thus  granite  is  a  deep-seated 
rock,  and  is  exposed  only  after  great  erosion  has 
taken  place. 

The  rocks  called  diabase  and  augite-porphyrite  on 
the  gold  belt  maps  are  not  always  intrusive,  but  to 
some  extent  they  represent  ■  surface  lava's^  and  -  cor- 
respond to  modern  basalt  and  augite-andesites.  In 
like  manner,  some  of  the  homblende-porphy  rites,  corr 
respond  to  hornblende-andesites. 

GLOSSARY   OF   ROCK   NAMES. 

The  sense  in  which  the  names  applied  to  igneous 
rocks  have  been  employed  by  geologists  has  varied 
and  is  likely  to  continue  to  vary.  The  sense  in 
which  the  names  are  employed  in  this  article 
is  as  follows  : 

Gabbro. — A  granular  intrusive  rock  consisting 
principally  of  diallage  or  allied  monoclinic  pyroxene, 
or  a  rhombic  pyroxene,  together  with  soda-lime  and 
lime  feldspars. 

Gabbro-diorite. — A  term  used  to  indicate  areas  of 
gabbro  containing  primary  and  secondary  horn- 
blende and  areas  containing  intimate  mixtures  of 
gabbro  and  diorite. 

Pyroxenite. — A  granular  intrusive  rock  comprised 
principally  of  pyroxene. 

Peridotite. — A  granular  intrusive  rock  generally 
composed  principally  of  olivine  and  pyroxene, 
frequently  of  olivine  alone. 

Diorite. — A  granular  intrusive  rock  consisting 
principally  of  soda-lime  feldspar  and  hornblende. 

Serpentine. — A  rock  composed  of  the  mineral 
serpentine,  and  often  containing  unaltered  remains 
of  feldspar,  pyroxene  or  olivine.    Serpentine  is  fre- 


Apri]  13.  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


231 


'(uently  a   decomposition    product    of    rooks   of    the 
peridotite  and  pyroxenite  series. 

Gratiodioriti  (quartz-mica-diorite).  A  granular  in- 
trusive rock  having  the  habitus  of  granite  and  ear 
rying  feldspar,  quartz,  biotite  and  hornblende.  The 
soda-lime  feldspars  are  usually  considerably  and  to  a 
variable  extent  in  excess  of  the  alkali  feldspars 
This  granitic  rock  might  be  called  quartz-mica- 
diorite.  but  this  term,  besides  being  awkward,  does 
not  sufficiently  suggest  its  close  relationship  with 
granite;  it  has  therefore  been  decided  In  name  it 
"  granodiorite ." 

Granite-porphyry.  A  granite  with  largo  porphy- 
ritic  potash  feldspars. 

Amphibolite,  amphibolite-schist.  -A  massive  or 
schistose  rock  composed  principally  of  green  horn- 
blende, with  smaller  amounts  of  quartz,  feldspar, 
epidote  and  chlorite,  and  usually  derived  by  dynamo- 
metamorphic  processes  from  diabase  and  other  basic 
igneous  rocks. 

THabate. — An  intrusive  or  effusive  rock  composed 
of  augite  and  soda-lime  feldspar.  The  augite  is 
often  partly  or  wholly  converted  into  green,  fibrous 
hornblende  or  uralite. 

Augite-porphyrite. — A  more  or  less  fine-grained 
rock  of  the  diabase  series,  with  porphyritic  crystals 
of  augite  and  sometimes  soda-lime  feldspars. 

Hornhlende-porphyriti \ — An  intrusive  or  effusive 
porphyritic  rock  consisting  of  soda-lime  feldspars 
and  brown  hornblende  in  a  fine  groundmass. 

Quartz-porphyrite. — An  intrusive  or  effusive  por- 
phyritic rock  consisting  of  quartz  and  soda-lime  feld- 
spar, together  with  a  small  amount  of  hornblende  or 
biotite.  It  is  connected  by  transitions  with  grano- 
diorite and  with  the  following  : 

Qxtartz-augite-porphyrite. — This  the  same  as  the 
above  except  that  it  contains  augite.  It  .is  con- 
nected by  transitions  with  augite-porphyrites  and 
with  quartz-porphy rites. 

Quartz-porphyry. — An  intrusive  or  effusive  por- 
phyritic rock,  which  differs  from  quartz-porphyrite 
in  containing  alkali  feldspars  in  excess  of  soda-lime 
feldspars. 

Rhyolite. — An  effusive    rock   of  Tertiary   or   later 


age.  The  essential  constituents  are  alkali  feldspars 
and  quartz,  usually  with  a  small  amount  of  biotite  or 
hornblende  in  a  groundmass,  often  glassy. 

Andetite. — An  effusive  porphyritic  rock  of  Tertiary 
or  later  age.  The  essential  constituents  are  soda- 
lime  feldspars  and  ferromagnesian  silicates.  The 
silica  is  usually  above  fifty-six  per  cent. 

BcuaU.  An  effusive  rock  of  Tertiary  or  later  age, 
i  <m mining  soda-lime  feldspars,  much  pyroxene,  and 
usually  olivine.  The  silica  content  is  less  than  fifty- 
six  percent,  It  is  also  distinguished  from  andesite 
by  its  structure. 


A  Satisfactory  Test. 


I  Ine  of  the  5800-horse  power  double  inverted  tur- 
bine wheels  and  the  5000  electrical  generator  at 
Niagara  Falls  were  tested  last  Saturday  in  the  pres- 
ence of  the  officers  and  stockholders  of  the  Construc- 
tion and  Power  Company.  The  No.  1  turbine  wheel 
was  used.  The  machine  was  started  at  seventeen 
revolutions  per  minute,  and  increased  gradually  to 
thirty-two  revolutions.  To  generate  5000-horse 
power  250  revolutions  must  be  reached.  The  mass  of 
steel  and  iron  comprising  the  wheel,  shaft  and  dy- 
namo, estimated  at  seventy-five  tons,  was  held 
poised  on  the  bearings'  by  the  weight  of  the  water 
which  strikes  the  turbines  from  below.  The  huge 
mass  bobbed  up  and  down  like  a  cork  on  the  water. 
There  was  no  hitch  or  jar  in  the  running  of  the 
turbine.  The  electric  generator  was  not  connected 
with  the  armature,  and  no  electricity  was  provided. 
The  secretary  states  that  the  results  were  wholly 
satisfactory. 


The  Gates  Iron  Works,  of  Chicago,  which  for  over 
fifty  years  has  been  located  between  Madison  and 
Washington  streets,  will  move  this  month,  and  after 
May  1st  will  occupj'  the  new  works  fronting  on 
Elston  avenue,  Bloomingdale  road,  Redfield  and  Stein 
streets,  the  office  address  being  690  Elston  avenue. 
The  branch  office  will  be  Room  1205,  Stock  Exchange 
Building,  La  Salle  and  Washington  streets. 


Personal. 

W.  C.  Mi.neak  is  mi  utaarge  of  the  operations  at  the  Hite 
mine,  Mariposa  Co. 

State  Minebalooist  Crawfoud  has  returned  from  El 
Dorado  county. 

W.  S.  ChaphAs  is  in  Mariposa  Co.  arranging  for  work  on  the 
Vanderbilt  mine. 

T.  A.  Rickabd  is  now  State  Geologist  of  Colorado— a  most 
excellent  appointment, 

Paix  Schcltze  has  resigned  his  position  of  general  land 
agent  of  the  Northern  Pacific  at  Tacoma,  Wash. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jko.  Hays  Hammond  sailed  from  London  on 
ttje  30th  ult.  for  Johannesburg,  where  they  will  permanently 
reside. 

Prof.  H.  V.  Win.  hell,  accompanied  by  P,  P.  Sharpless,  is 
examining  the  auriferous  black  sands  on  the  Coos  county, 
Oregon,  beach. 

T.  B.  Wilcox,  of  Portland,  Or.,  has  been  elected  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  Washington  &  Columbia  River  Road.  He  succeeds 
C.  B.  Wright  Jr. 

C'^akles  D.  Walcott  of  the  United  States  Geological  Sur- 
vey has  had  conferred  upon  him  the  Bigby  medal  of  the  Royal 
Geological  Society  of  England. 

F.  W.  Madera  has  been  appointed  Pacific  coast  passenger 
agent  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  Road,  with  headquarters  in  this  cit  v 
"He  succeeds  T.  D.  McKay,  who  resigned  last  December. 

The  Governor  has  appointed  E.  E.  Leake,  of  Woodland 
Commissioner  of  Public  Works,  vice  A.  H.  Rose,  term  ex- 
pired. The  position  is  for  four  years  at  an  annual  salarv 
of  s^dou 

Cql.  Jno.  Weir,  of  New  York,  who  was  here  recently,  and 
bought  considerable"  mining  machinery,  has  had  it  sent  to 
Sonqta,  Mexico,  where  he  has  secured  title  to  the  La  Mexi- 
cana,  in  the  (Jres  district. 

JT.  T.  Gribble  is  the  new  superintendent  of  the  Reward 
mine,  Nevada  City,  vice  Jos.  Thomas,  resigned.  Mr.  Gribble 
.was  for  many  years  foreman  of  the  Yuba  mine  and  of  late  has 
neen  superintending  a  mine  in  Tuolumne  Co. 
-  Irving  M.  Scott  has  returned  from  "Washington,  D.  C.  He 
is^favbrable  to  the  idea  that  one  torpedo  boat  and  one  battle 
ship  will  be  built  here.  The  former  will  cost  about  $340,000; 
the  latter  over  £4, 000,000.  It  will  be  some  weeks  yet  before 
the  committee  report  will  be  made  public. 

~""W.  L.  Austin  is  investigating  the  Empire  mine,  near 
Georgetown,  Col.,  with  a  view  of  erecting  a  250-ton"  smelting 
plant.  The  Empire  ores  have  been  subjected  to  the  Fuller 
process  at  the  Equator  mill.  By  this  process  the  ore  is  pul- 
^zel'ized.  to  a  fineness  of  about  300  mesh  and  forced  through 
quicksilver. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  iVUlwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

San  FranciBCo,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON.  Manager. 

Denver,  Col 1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent. 

New  York  City 36   Cortlsndt  Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  III 509  Home  Ins.  Building. 

J.  B,  ALLAN.  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 

MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 


T„  McGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 

patented  September  I:..  1898.       CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      prank  barrere,  secretary  and  Manager 


•Can  bp  seen  in  operation  at  the  Company's  works,  t'.i'-i 
>Fa1n  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Office,  I  16  Davis  Street. 

NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 

sm\/ed 

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 


A  MARVEL  of  Simplicity.  Durability  and  Effectiveness 
combining  both  Side  and  End  Motion  with  a  Bumping 
Belt. 

SPEED  AND  incline  of  belt  and  amount  of  PERt^ 
CUSSION  easily   and   quickly    regulated,   WHILST    IN  . 

OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  tons.  Only  one-tenth  horsepower 
required.     Adapted  for  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PRICE #350  MAC  If 

Including-  prepared  canvas  belt  t  ft.  6  ins.  wide. 


■  Falls' Mine.  Igo,  Shasta  Co:,  cal.,  May  25th,  1893. 

The  McGlew  Concentrator  company:— I  take  much 
pleasure  In  endorsing  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. When-I  was  requested  to  examine  your  concen- 
trator, I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring  that  I  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Frue,  as  after  many  years'  experience 
with  different  concentrators,  I  believed  them  to  be  the 
best. 

Now,  after  a  thorough  trial  of  the  McG-lew  Ore  Concen- 
trator, on  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I"  emphatically 
pronounce  J't  the '.beat  concentrator  of  any' I  have  ever 
used  in  handling  my  ores.  .  It.  is  doing  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  every  hour,  dried, 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  *  *  *  from  West  ledge,  a 
.saving  by  your  concentrator  of  94!^  per  cent;  from  East 
ledge,  *  *  *  a  saving  of  32  per  cent.  The  concentrator 
runs  very  easy  and  requires  but  slight  attention.  One 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

Yon  have  a  good  concentrator,  and  it  can  be  relied  upon 
to  handle  any  ore  that  will  concentrate.  I  most  heartily 
recommend  it  to  the  mining  public.  Yours  respectfully, 
E.  L.  BALLOU,  Propr.  Ballou  Reduction  Works. 


The  Gates  Ore  and  Rock  Breaker 

Gives  a  finer  product  than  any  other  crusherjnade,  adding-by  this  means  2i>  to  30%  to  the  output  of  any  mill,  beside  saving  the  wear  of  the  more,  costly  machinery.    It  will  reduce  a  given  amount  of  ore  at  oue 

third  the  cost  iu  near  of  any  other  crusher  on  the  market.    It  requires  also  much  less  power  for  the  same  amount  of  work. 


Is  now  being  adopted  by  the  progressive  Mining  Companies  in  ail  parts  of  the  world.    More  than  3000  of  them  now  running, 

The  Pelton  Vl/ater-  Wheel  Company,  General  western  Agent©. 

1^1  Alain  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


1-3:2 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April.13,.1895. 


"Scientific  Progress. 


Testing  Precious  Stones. 


•'-■  At  a  recent  meeting  at  the  Imperial' 
Institute  H.  A.  Miers,  of  the  Mineral 
Department  "of  the  British  Museum," 
read  &.  paper  on- ' '  Precious  Stones  and 
How  to  Distinguish  Them."  Mr.  Miers. 
.tamfiaed' himself  rigidly  te-a'few"-seienv 
tltic  matters,  without  laying  claim  to 
any  artistic  or  expert  knowledge,  and 
simply  endeavored  to  make  it  clear 
that  gems  can  be-  easily  distinguished 
by  any  one  who  knows  the  way.  He 
said  that  he  had  always  been  forcibly 
impressed -by:  the-  fact  that  the  experts 
did  not  seem  in'  the  least  aware  o'f-the 
simple  and  certain  methods  which  had 
£een- placed  at  their  disposal  by  recent 
miheralogical  research.  There  was, 
perhaps,,  no  subject -on  which  experts 
had  been  so  slow  to  take  advantage  of 
practical  methods  supplied  by  science 
as  the  manipulation  and  discrimination 
of- precious  stones.";  "'  ;  =;y  ..  . 
'Mr.  Miers  described  these  methods 
at  some  length,  says  Invention,  illust.ra- 
.titig.theni.  by  Meaii&  Of  lantern  slides", 
urging,  tliat  they-:should  be;  generally 
employed  by  gem  experts.  The  polai--- 
izingfmicroscope:  and."  spectroscope;  he 
said,  were  easily  used:  *Qd  the  former 
cbuFd  be  always  used  ett'eetively -by  im- 
mersing the  stQne'in.  oil  . .  Among  new 
practical  methods  introduced  by  recent 
03sco.veries:were  the  use  of  the  refleet- 
ometer'and  the  recognition  of  tourma'- 
line  from  its  electrical  properties  by 
meaiis.of .pb-wdered  red  lead  and  sul- 
jinui'.  In  place  of  the  chemical  balance 
fab  the.  determination  of  the  specific 
gravities  heavy  liquids  weie  iecom- 
mended,  and  attention  was  specially 
caHettto  a.  wonderfuHie'W"Iiqui<l: — fused 
nitrate  of  thallium  and  silver — in  which 
all.-inown  gem  stones,  float.  Geim 
stoees  were  far  more  numerous  than 
waTcb'mmonly  supposed"  although  they 
often  passed  muster  under  erroneous 
names.  That  the  available  varieties 
were  not  more  numerpus  was  due 
mainly  to  the^5r.ejudice  of  the  pur- 
chasers, who  fiad  Tieard  of  nothing  but 
diamonds,  rubies;  sapphires  and  emer- 
alds..'    '■"-"-  '".'    . 

Decomposition  of  Water  by  Iron. 


Iron  is  said  to  be  incapable  of  decom- 
posing water  at  ordinary  tempera- 
tures, except  in  the.  presence  of  air  or 
by  galvanic  action,  when  some  electro- 
negative substance  is  connected  with 
it.  For  this  reason  we  should  expect 
little  corrosion  from  rust  in  the  inte- 
rior of  a  boiler,  as  air-  is  only  periodic- 
ally admitted  when  the  boiler  is  cooled 
down.  ^  There _is,_ howeyeXv the  dissolved 
atr-oi'  the  feed;  and  this"  is"  reduced  in 
amount  when  the  feed  water  is  previ- 
ously heated.  Under  any  eireumstance 
the  rust  found  in  the  interior  of  a 
boiler  is  of  a  different  character  from 
ordinary  iron-rust.v  "It  is-,  in  the  first 
place,  of  a  much  darker,  color.  That 
formedin  the-  upper  spaces,  by  steam 
alone  is  almost  black,  partaking  of  the 
nature.-  of  that  black  magnetic  oxide 
wMchis  formedin  the  Barff  process  by 
steam,  heated,  to  940°  F.  The  latter 
oxide  is~  of  course,  completely  protect- 
ive when,  once  formed,  and  the  oxides 
formed  in  the  interior  of  a  boiler,  al- 
though not  of  a  protective  nature,  are, 
nevertheless,  far  less  corrosive  in  their 
action  than  those  formed  under  ordi- 
nary circumstances.  This  is  another 
reason  for  supplying  a  pure  feed  water 
to  steam  boilers.  The  corrosion  of  the 
interior,  when  not  assisted  by  adhesive 
deposits  and  organic  acids  from  the 
lubricants,  is  comparatively  slow,  and 
the  life  of  a  boiler  may  be  greatly  pro- 
longed by  the  exercise  of  care  in  this 
particular. 

Edison's  Latest. 


The  North  American  Phonograph 
Company,  which  went  into  the  receiv- 
er's hands  last  August,  has  had  abso- 
lute control  of  the  phonograph.  The 
compauy  could  not  pay  its  indebted- 
ness to  the  Edison  Phonograph  Com- 
pany and  to  Thomas  A..  Edison,  and 
thus  was  forced  to  go  out  of  business, 
bldison,  as  au  individual,  offered. $125,- 


100  for  its  entire  assets,  and  the  offer 
has  been  accepted.  In  speaking  about 
the  matter,  he  says:  "The  company 
has  one  asset  which  I  am  willing  to  pay 
a; high  price  for — that  is,  a  claim  on  all 
my  future  inventions  and  improvements 
of  the  phonograph.  I  do  not  care  to 
have  any  one  else  have  a  lien  on  my 
brains,  so  I  made  a  bid  which  proved 
.higher  than  all- others.  I  shall-  manu- 
facture the  phonographs  myself  now, 
and  expect  to.  keep  all  promises  I  made 
when  I -first  introduced  them.  I  am 
going  in  for  the  households,  instead  of 
nickel-in-the-slot  machines,  and  in.  a 
short  time. I  expect  to  produce  an  en- 
tire opera-  or  a  complete  novel  on  a 
cylinder.  It  will  cost  a  good  deal,  but 
ifwill  pay  me. 

VI  suppose  it  will  cost  me  $2000  to 
have  the  opera  of  '  Norma  '  sung  to  the 
machine,  but  I  can  reproduce  that  on 
almost  as  many  cylinders  as  I  please. 
I  think  I  can  afford  to  pay  more  than 
the  .reporters,  so  that  any  gentleman 
can  have  '  Trilby  '  read  to  him  in  his 
parlor  in  the  course  of  an  evening.  I 
shall  manufacture  the  perfected  phono- 
graph individually." 

When  asKed,  "  "What  is  the  latest '!  " 
Edison  replied:  "Nothing  at  all,  ex- 
cept the.  kinetophone,  the  combination 
of  kinetoscope  and  phonograph.  I  am 
going  to  reproduce  the  motions  and 
words,  of-  life-size  speaking  figures.  I 
have  already  got  a  speaking  and  mov- 
ing figure  up  to  half  life-size.  Lately  I 
have  paid  more  attention  to  my  mine 
than  to  anythiug  else*  but  very  soon  I 
will  get  to  work  in  my  laboratory 
again." 

Sir  William.  Thomson  has  recently 
calculated  that  the  average  size  of  a 
chemical  atom  is  not  less  than  six  and. 
not  greater  than  sixty  billionths  of  a 
cubic  inch.  It  has  also  been  calculated 
that  in  a  cubic  inch  of  air  there  are 
three  hundred  quintillions  of  atoms. 
Hence  the  cubic  inch  of  air  is  by  no 
means  full,  and  it  is  possible  for  them 
to  move  eighteen  miles  a  minute  and 
collide  against  each  other  8,500,000 
times  a  second,  as  has  also  been  lately 
calculated  that  they  do. 


Selby  Smelting 


■Mkand^ 


Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street.  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

Assay    Office. 


HIGHEST  PRICES'  PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 
BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET    LEAD, 
..,..      SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlln  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/VYine  eirici  7VYU1    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals;  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 
A^— k|     We  would  call  the  attention 

of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-(    __ 

ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  S^zz^7&y' 

panies,   Prospectors,  etc.,  to     \:v '  ggy 

our   full    stock   of    Balances,         

Furnaces, Muffles,  Crucibles, Scoriflers,  etc., 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  gdods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  K.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


INVENTORS,      Take      Notice  1 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

22fi  Market  St.,  N.  E..  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs-),  San 
Fuancisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasawork.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  confidential. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 

121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0.    280  Caxton  Bit,  CHICAGO,  ILL, 


Office  of  The  Cleveland  Iron  Ore] 
Paint  Co.  and  The  Garry  Iron  [ 
Hoofing  Co..  Cleveland.,  O.,  | 
Jan.  25,  1894. 

The  American  Minim  &  Milling  Machinery 
Co.,  Cleveland,  O.: 
Gentlemen:— -We  purchased  a  No.  2 

American  Rock  Breaker    and  a    No.  2 

American  Ball    Pulverizer    from    your 

company  about  one  year  ag-o.  The  latter 

part  of  April,  1893,  we    started  up  for 

reg-nlar    work,    since    which    time    we 

have  run  both  of  said  machines  to  the 

full  extent  of  our  demands  and  to  our 

entire  satisfaction.    The  first  700  tons  of 

hard  iron  ore  that  we  pulverized  for 

paint   purposes   was    ground    without 

taking-  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  with- 
out expending  one  dollar  for  repairs  for 

either   of   these   machines.    Of  the  700 

;ons  spoken  of,  about  200  tons  was  Lake 

Superior  Specular  Iron  ore.  containliiEr 

some  70  per  cent  iron;  a  very  difficult 
ore  to  pulverize.  The  remainder  was  a  red  fossHiferous  Iron  ore. 
carrying-  quite  a  per  cent  of  silex.  which  cuts  out  buhr-atones  rapldlv. 
We  find  that  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when  new  5  in.  in  diameter, 
now  oallper  iU  in.,  and  are  perfectly  round  and  smooth.  The  grinding 
track  shows  very  little  wear,  and  the  driving  track  shows  less;  in 
fact;  the  wear  is  almost  imperceptible.  These  two  machines  cruBh  and 
pulverize  more  than  one  ton  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.  We  do 
not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  compare  with  the  output  of  these  two  machines  in  quan- 
tity, quality,  small  amount  uf  wear  and  tear,  and  like  power.  In  our  opinion.  ryou  cannot  recommend 
them  too  highly.    Very  trulyyouvs,  Cleveland  Iron  Ore  Paint  Co. 


SPECIALTIES 

AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM. 
BALL  PULVERIZER. 

The  simplest,  cheapest  and 
best  machines- in  tne  mar- 
ket; Pulverize  wet  or"  dry 
to  any  degree  of  fineness. 
Make  little  or  no  slimes  in 
wet  nor-  dust,  in  dry  work. 
Pour  sizes,  capacity  from  3 
to  60  tons  per  day. 

SEND     FOR     CATALOGUE. 

Cable  Address,  American.     ' 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal  S 

Awarded  by  "World's 

Fair,  1893. 


9id  Medal  >  o\ 
World's  >  el 
3.  )  to 

■vwwJ   Si 


jefor^j^. 


THE  AM.  BALL  PULVERIZER. 
Morris  Patent. 


;ind 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines;  and:       ■ 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 
Practical  mill  meamnst  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexatit_ 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
Surface  of  the 
belt  trans- 
versely two 
feet  apart, 
t  h  e  r  e  i  s  a 
space  of  one 
inch,  contain- 
vw^w^^^^^  in£     twenty 

«     riffles  1-32  of 
;      an    inch    in 

: — —13-       depth.    This 

tends'   to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents   it  from  banking  on   the  edges,  or  forming  ohannels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a   belt  with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Haywards  Bulldlnff San  Francisco. 


Attention    Miners! 

W.  W.  MONTaGUE&CO 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OP 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining,  .Mills  and  Power  Plants.  '^^ 

IRON,  OUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  flarket  StreetrSan  Francisco. 


WYining    F*ipe ! 


STEEL  OR  IRON.— We  make  pipe  of  either,  but  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  many 

particulars  and  inferior  in  none. 
COATING.— We  use  great  care  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Refined  Asphaltum 

and  Maltha. 
COMPETITORS. — Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


FRANCIS    SMITH     &    CO., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 


F-OR     TO\l/N     WATER     \A/ORK-S. 

Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes. 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.  '  . 

Iron  cut,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required.  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of  Pipes 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum. 


April  13,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


233 


Mechanical   Proerress. 


The  Future  Newspaper. 


Progress  in  the  production  of  news- 
papers during  the  last  half  century 
leads  one  to  consider  whether,  with  the 
fust  perfecting  press  and  the  type- 
o  machines,  perfection  has  been 
reached.  The  writer  thinks  not,  but 
firmly  believes  that  both  press  and  type 
of  the  present  patterns  will  in  a  very 
few  years  be  things  of  the  past. 

These  results  will   be    brought    about 

■by  a  c on   oj    lithography   and 

telegraphy.  The  East  press  printing 
•from  plates    en  cylinders 

will  bi-  superseded  by  an  adoption  of 
'the  lithographic  press,  also  probably 
jQBing  cylinders;  but  as  it  would  be  im- 
■possible  to  use  lithographic  stone  in 
this  form,  a  zinc  plate  prepared  with  a 
coating  of  pyrogallic  aeid  and  gum,  to 
enable  it  to  hold  water,  will  be  sub- 
stitute.!. 

This  is  by  ihi  means  a  new  idea,  as  it 
is  well  known  to  engravers,  and  it 
would  dispose  of  the  perfecting  press 
in  its  present  form;  but  by  mounting 
the  zinc  plates  type-high,  with  a  little 
modification,  a  similar  press  would  do 
the  work. 

The  principal  change  would  occur  in 
the  composing-room,  which  would  feel 
the  effects  very  greatly.  It  will  not  be 
necessary  to  use  a  line  of  type  in  the 
news  columns.  The  news  will  be  fur- 
nished in  column  width  from  the  asso- 
ciated or  other  news  center,  printed  on 
transfer  paper,  with  transfer  ink,  by  a 
machine  something  after  the  fashion  of 
the  present  type-writing  machine. 

This  matter  will  be  duplicated  by 
electricity  to  all  subscribers  simulta- 
neously, and  by  them  transferred  to 
the  prepared  zinc  plates.  Electrical 
devices,  are.  already  in  use  by  which 
signatures,  drawings,  etc.,  can  be 
made  at  one  end  of  the  line  and  dupli- 
cated at  the  other.  It  then  requires 
only  a  slight  stretch,  of  imagination  by 
those  who  keep  track  of  scientific 
progress  to  realize  the  possibility  of 
sending  an  imprint  of  type  by  the  same 
process.    

An  Average  Day's  Work. 


A  day's  work  even  for  the  average 
workman  of  full  power,  says  Professor 
Thurston  in  the  Industrial  World,  va- 
ries greatly  with  the  nature  of  the 
work  and  the  method  and  facilities  of 
its-performance,  and  the  same  is  true 
of  the  horse  and  other  animals,  but  in 
less  degree  usually. 

The  most  powerful  horses  may  be 
expected  to  develop,  as  an  average, 
two-thirds  of  a  horse  power  for  eight 
hours  a  day,  twelve  million  foot-pounds 
per  day,,  very  nearly,  under  favorable 
circumstances.  The  work  of  a  man  is 
variously  given  by  differeut  writers, 
but  it  is  usually  stated  to  be  not  far, 
at  best,  from  two  million  foot-pounds  a 


day  in  the  treadmill,  ascending  moun 
taius  and  stairways,  when  his  own 
weight  is  the  useful  load,  and  carrying 
burdens  on  a  level.  Weisbacb  gives  as 
maximum  figures  1,935,360;  Kankine 
gives  2,088,000,  while  Ruhlmau  state-. 
the  work  of  a  Prussian  soldier,  carry- 
ing a  knapsack  and  other  accoutre- 
ments weighing  a  total  of  sixty-four 
pounds,  as  about  3,  1)110,0011  foot-pounds. 
We  may  safely  take  two  million  foot- 
pounds per  day  as  a  figure  to  be  com- 
pared with  tin'  ten  million  foot  pounds 
of  energy  supplied,  and  as  giving  a  fair 
maximum  for  the  efficiency  of  the  ani- 
mal considered  as  a  prime  motor.  It 
is  0.125  horse  power  for  eight  hours; 
0. 01  for  the  (lay. 

The  various  plans  for  the  Berlin  Ex- 
position of  1891!  are  being  advanced 
with  considerable  energy.  The  exhibi- 
tion will  be  instructive  and  representa- 
tive, and  due  consideration  is  being  ex- 
tended to  the  attractive  side  of  the 
programme.  It  is  proposed  to  build  a 
Cairo  street;  the  idea  is  neither  new 
uor  original  but  is  likely  to  succeed,  as 
special  attention  is  being  devoted  to  its 
realization.  The  Cairo  street  is  in- 
tended to  cover  an  area  of  25,000 
square  meters,  and  the  building  mate- 
rials will  be  of  a  more  solid  nature  than 
are  generally  used  for  such  purposes. 
It  is  also  proposed  to  have  an  Egyptian 
panorama  and  diorama.  A  panorama, 
which  will  be  of  very  large  dimensions, 
will  represent  the  famous  Ziller  valley 
in  the  Tyrol.  It  is  also  under  discus- 
sion to  have  an  aquarium,  a  huge  glass 
reservoir  containing  as  many  of  the 
animals  and  plants  of  the  sea  as  pos- 
sible. The  aquarium  will  be  so  arranged 
that  it  can  also  be  inspected  from  the 
bottom.  Further,  there  will  be  a  cap- 
tive balloon,  which  will  possess  several 
new  features,  the  German  military  bal- 
loon department  being  celebrated  for 
its  ability  and  all  its  inventions  and  im- 
provements will  be  embodied  in  the 
balloon  in  question.  The  balloon  will 
for  every  ascent  be  fitted  with  a  regis- 
tration apparatus,  which  will  register 
height,  temperature,  moisture  of  air, 
etc. ,  also  an  apparatus  for  registering 
the  temperature  of  the  gas  in  the  bal- 
loon, and  experiments  will  be  made  in 
transferring  the  gas,  no  longer  needed 
in  the  large  balloon,  to  smaller  ones. 
The  captive  balloon  will  be  in  telephonic 
communication  with  the  earth  and  it 
will  also  carry  a  photographic  appa- 
ratus. In  connection  with  the  balloon 
demonstrations  will  be  a  large  and  var- 
ied collection  of  all  possible  exhibits 
connected  with  balloons,  their  handling 
and  filling,  etc. 


Professional  Cards. 


The  tensile  strength  of  iron  at  400° 
below  zero  is  just  twice  what  it  is  at 
60°  above.  It  will  take  a  strain  of 
sixty  instead  of  thirty  tons  to  the 
square  inch,  and  equally  curious  results 
have  come  out  as  to  the  elongation  of 
metals  under  these  conditions. 


THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 


IS     THE 


Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


£bi«B««!|«i* 


¥ 


le'^Sifef 


mm 


r 


■T^^^^^^^&ij^M^^.- 


-   ■■■■"-...^ 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  ceut. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect' 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If    you    are    interested     in 
sIsS?        Kock      Drilling    Correspond 
■    .-  -;      with  us. 

SJsf  WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

OFFICE  AND  WAREROOMS: 

Care  PARKE  &  LACY  CO 21  and  23  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  Ms  Denver  Office. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.  N.  jehu,    -    •    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

J  638  Montgomery  street.  Ban  Francisco.  ! 

Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

*  Ore  Assays,   Analyses  of  Minerals,   Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 
■  LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


i  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical, ) 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering:. 

)  Surveying  Architect  lire.  Drawing  ami. \Kuuyln£. < 

788  Market  St.,  Sun  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN   Al,].  yi:ah. 

a.  van  DEB  naillkn.  President. 

AeeayinK  "!'  ov*.  ?'"-'.'>:  Bullion  and  Cnlorination  i 
Absh.v,  $85;  U1u\v|i!|pu  Assay, (10.  Full  Course  ) 
of  Ashh.vIiut.  U50.    Established  1804. 

V3T  Send  for  Circular. 


>    JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

(  Examination,  Surveys,  ;iud   Reports   upon  | 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

Development  of  water  for  mlnlntr  and  (lumen-  j 
use.    Irrigation,     and    the     production    of  , 
,  power,    General  Surveying  Of  all  kinds,  and  , 
plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superin- 
tended.   Correspondence  solicited. 

Res 923  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


ED\A/MRD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and.  Expert. 

Tests  and  Estimates  for  the  improvement  of  < 
t  Pumping-,  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants.  i 

Will  supervise  tlie  Construction.    Shipment  ( 
>r  Erection  of  Machinery.     Will  make  Draw- 
J  ings.  Estimates  or  Specifications. 
.      Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de- 
[  Bcrlption.    Twenty  year's  experience. 

23  Davis  St.,  Rooms  30  &  31.  S.  F.,  Cal. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist  and  Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 

Will  examine  Mines,  Ore  Bodies,  Mineral 
I  Belts  or  Zones,  and  make  written  Mtnerallst 
>  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 
|  plication  for  services.  I  make  my  own  assays 
(and  Belect  my  own  samples    when    examiner  , 

nines.    Eighteen  years'  experience.    Analys' 

f  water  and  soils.  .  . 


rCHAS.  S.  HARKER,  E.  M.,  \ 
Attorney-at-Law  and  Mining  Engineer.  \ 
Makes-a  specialty  of  Mining Law.  Patents  ob-  } 
talned  on  mineral  and.  agricultural  lands.  S 
Investments  a  iui  reports  made.  ) 

Full    charge    taken  of  property    for    absent  \ 
owners.  \ 

Offices:  1«  &  17  No.  26  Montgomery  St.,      ( 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.  S 


Almarin  B.  Paul,  M.  E., 


Mining;  Operator, 


ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING, 
{  Cor.  Mai'ket  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
'  ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the 
'  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest 
>  in  Developed  Mines, 

i      Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED 

i  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent 

i  instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 

practical  scale. 


!  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, : 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

i  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores^  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
t  "WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)  MADE.  I 

!  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 

■  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


!  Everette's  Mining  Office. ! 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

!  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at  I 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "Title  and  J 
Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper,  _ 
Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  , 
IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any  , 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know,  , 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources  , 
of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
estly given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1U1  R-  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  TJ.  S.  A. 


Founded  by  Machete  Carey,  nns. 

1ikmcy   i'akkv   haiku   &   co., 

industrial    Publishers,     Booksellers    and 

Impohti  as, 
kio  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  pa.,  r.  s.  a., 

•S-Our  New  and    Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 

ami  Solent! flc  Books,  88  Pages,  Svo.,  and  our  other 

Catalogues  untl  Circulars,  the  wholecoveringevery 

of  Solenoe  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and 

:-"-,taKc  to  any  cue  in  any  part  ot  the  world 
who  will  furnleb  his  address. 

THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

TRADC    MARK. 


'ARTHUR-FORREST  PtOCUQ 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  ,  -  £110,000  STERLING 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac 
tory  Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  un  treat  able  m 
a  profit,  the  Macarthur-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Qoud,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell ;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  New  York. 

CYANIDE 

-OF- 

POTASSIUn, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes,. 


Trade  Mark. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


/■' 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


Pioneer  Screen  W/orlcs! 

JOHN  W.  QUICK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

*** MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. ***    : 

221  and  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


feSS^ 


^g 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
homogeneous  Steel.Cast  ( 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beaie  St.,  S.  F. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL, 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 

feu 


MANUFACTURED  by 

W/VA.  H.  BIRCH  &  GO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 

Gary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machine 

ery,  Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 

Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 

119  Beale   St.,   San  Francisco. 

LEE   D.   CRAIQ, 

Notary  Public  and  Commissioner  of  Deeds, 

31G  MONTGOMERY  STREET, 

Bet.  California  and  Pine,  SAN  FEANCISCO,  CaL. 


.234 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  18,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

Tlie  following:  Js  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  In  proximity  to  the  mineB 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 
CHARLESTON     DISTRICT. 

At  Forty-nine  Flat  Boles  &  Had  ley  are 
running  their  gravel  claim.  The  Acme  mine 
will  be  started  up  next  week. 

PLYMOUTH    DISTRICT. 

The  Alpine  mine  is  reported  sold  "to  rich 
capitalists.''  A  two-cent  assessment  has  been 
levied  on  the  Bay  State.  The  Pioneer  mill 
and  mine  are  running  steadily. 

JACKSON    DISTRICT. 

The  New  York  Electric  Company  have  sued 
Sheriff  Gregory  for  $8000,  damages  alleged  to 
have  been  sustained  b3r  plaintiff  in  the  at- 
tachment of  certain  electric  machinery  at  the 
Gover  mine.  He  attached  the  machinery 
with  the  other  property,  but  has  sold  none  of  it. 

The  Kennedy  Mining  Company  have 
bought  R.  Atkin's  interest  in  the  Clyde 
quartz  mine,  adjoining  the  Kennedv  ground, 
for  $1500. 

PLYMOUTH    DISTRICT. 

Bay  State. — The  Bay  State  is  running 
north  on  the  600  level  and  stoping  out  from 
that  toward  the  500.  The  mill  runs  steadily 
and  is  in  free  gold,  pounding  out  a  little  more, 
than  expenses.  They  have  not  had  any  of 
their  sulphurets  treated  yet. 

The  Gwin — Middle  Bah. — The  sinking  con- 
tinues steadily  and  rapidly.  It  is  but  eleven 
months  since  the  workmen  went  on  to  the 
ground  to  survey  and  to-day  the  property  has 
an  excellent  double-drum  water  power  hoist 
which  has  worked  without  stopping  almost 
since  it  was  installed.  The  shaft  of  two  com- 
compartments  and  a  ladder-way  is  now  down 
650  feet.  At  present  they  are  singularly  for- 
tunate with  relation  to  the  water,  for  they 
are  lifting  less  than  3000  gallons,  more  than 
two-thirds  of  which  is  tanked  at  the  300  level. 
Butte. 
Oregon  City.— On  the  Mascot  a  shaft  is 
being  sunk  from  the  lowest  tunnel.  Steam 
power  will  soon  be  in  use  :  the  shaft  will  be 
sunk  300  feet.  There  is  more  timber  there 
now  than  twenty-five  years  ago.  Then  the 
big  trees  were  cut  down  for  wood  required  by 
the  quartz  mills,  and  have  been  replaced  a 
second  dense  growth. 

Calaveras. 
Esmeralda. — Preparations  are  being  made 
to  work  the  Gum  Boots  mine,  which  has  been 
bonded  to  Salt  Lake  capitalists.  This  mine 
is  situated  on  Indian  creek,  and  has  been 
worked  several  years  by  its  present  owners, 
Bosovich  &  Co.,  who  have  erected  an  arrastra 
for  crushing  the  ore. 

Madera. 
FINE  GOLD   DISTRICT.- 

The  ditch  from  the  North  Fork  for  power 
for  the  Mountain  View  mine  is  finished.  The 
twenty-stamp  mill  will  be  built  in  the  next 
ninety  days. 

Nevada. 

Lively  Work  Soon.—  Transcript:  Work  of 
a  permanent  nature  will  soon  be  inaugurated 
at -the  Red  Dog  gravel  mine,  near  You  Bet. 
A  tunnel  will  be  driven  to  tap  the  channel, 
where  good  results  are  expected.  At  present 
the  company  are  rewashing  the  old  canyon 
tailings. 

Bonded  Theik  Mine. — Transcript:  W.  J. 
Britland  and  John  Graves  hav&  bonded  their 
quartz  mine  to  San  Francisco  parties  for  $5000. 
The  mine  is  situated  on  the  hill  above  Delos 
Calkins'  place,  at  Selby  Flat.  L.  P.  Gold- 
stone  of  Grass  Valley  and  Mr.  Bandman  of 
San  Francisco  are  representing  the  company 
that  has  the  bond,  and  they  intend  to  begin 
work  soon.  Samuel  Blight  of  Grass  Valley 
will  have  charge  of  the  mine.  One-fifth  of 
the  proceeds  of  the  property  will  go  to  Brit- 
land and  Graves  until  the  purchase  price  is 
paid  or  the  bond  expires. 

Getting  Ready  to  Hydraulic— Prepara- 
tions are  being  made  to  work  the  Polar  Star 
mine,  near  Dutch  Flat,  by  the  hydraulic 
process.  W.  F.  Englebright  was  over  there 
last  week  surveying  for  an  impounding  dam 
androther  work  that  must  be  none  -before  a 
permit  to  hydraulic  can  issue  from  the  Debris 
Commission.  John  Spaulding  is  the  principal 
owner  of  the  Polar  Star,  which  in  years"  past 
paid  handsome  dividends  to  the  owners. 
"With  the  closing  of  the  hydraulic  mines  it 
was  rendered  a  non-producer. 

English  Mountain.— Herald :  There  is 
seven  feet  of  snow  at  English  Mountain  now 
and  it  is  reported  that  Supt.  Keniston  has 
resigned  and  that  a  competent  man  has  been 
appointed  in  his  place. 

Placer. 

General  Mining  Notes. — Sentinel:  Rath- 
burn,  Johnson  and  Iverson  are  running  a  drift 
at  their  mine  V/»  miles  southwest  of  Blue 
Canyon. 

W.  F.  Jackson,  of  Crocker's  Art  Gallery, 
has  a  claim  near  Blue  Canyon.  He  has  his 
survey  made  and  will  start  a  tunnel  the  first 
of  this  month. 

H.  K.  Develey  has  a  force  of  men  driving  a 
tunnel  at  his  gravel  claim,  one  mile  west  of 
Blue  Canyon.  Prospects  look  flattering  and 
he  will  soon  put  on  more  men  to  push  his  tun- 
nel to  completion. 

The  four-stamp  quartz  mill  of  John  Sipp  & 
Co.,  near  Blue  Canyon,  has  been  crush- 
ing ore  all  winter.  They  are  working  what  is 
familiarly  known  as  the  "old  Red  Stone  quartz 
ledge,  and  they  will  put  on  more  men  this 
spring. 

George  and  John  Clark  of  Nevada  City  have 
bonded  the  'l  Montreal"  mine  at  Meadow 
Lake  to  parties  in  Salt  Lake.  The  majority  of 
the  money  has  been  paid  down  and  the  balance 
will  be  paid  Aug.  31.  The  camp  of  Meadow 
Lake  will  take  on  a  new  life  this  summer. 

J.  E,  Shettle,  who  purchased  the  Wash  ing- 


ton  mine  in  Old  Man  mountain  last  year,s  ha 
■let  a  contract  to  run  a  tunnel  and  crosscut 
the  ledge. 

Around  Ophir. — Herald:  B.  M.  Berry  has 
sold  a  three-fourths  interest  in  the  Kittler 
mine  at  Ophir  to  foreign  parties.  A  contract 
has  been  let  for  200  feet  of  tunnel  in  addition 
to  the  present  100  feet.  A  pay  chute  has 
been  struck  with  a  streak  running  through 
it  which  has  been  assayed  by  Selby  at  $451.75 
a  torn  The  entire  ledge  will  probably  go  ?60 
or  S70. 

W.  F.  Whitney  of  Seattle  has  bought  inter- 
ests in  the  Coleman,  Workman  and  Grass 
Ravine  mining  properties  below  Ophir.  He 
is  also  interested  in  the  opening  up  of  the 
Adams  claim. 

Plumas. 


Mining  Begun.—  Bulletin:  On  Monday  the 
Quincy  Mining  and  Water  Company  got  the 
water  through  their  ditches  and  down  to  the 
mine.  The  next  day  one  big  monitor  was  set 
to  work  at  Gopher  Hill,  and  in  a  few  days 
others  will  be  started.  The  company  is  pre- 
pared to  operate  five  this  year,  whereas  only 
two  were  in  use  last  year.  A  rock  dam  higher 
than  any  in  use  last  year  has  been  constructed 
across  Wauponse  Creek  largely  increasing  the 
capacity  of  the  settling  reservoir  used  by  the 
company  for  the  storage  of  tailings. 

This  mine  is  now  fully  equipped  for  a  long 
season's  work.  The  water  supply  will  be  the 
best'had  for  years.  At  the  base  of  Spanish 
Peak,  the  source  of  the  water  supply  utilized 
later  in  the  season,  the  snow  is  now  14  feet 
deep  and  solid,  holding  immense  quantities  of 
water,  which  will  be  freed  gradually  as  the 
season  advances. 

No  company  in  this  part  of  the  State  has 
equal  facilities  for  cheap  and  effective  mining 
by  the  hydraulic  process,  and  it  controls  over 
2000  acres  of  valuable  mining  ground  located 
in  a  region  which  has  always  yielded  large 
quantities  of  gold. 

San  Bernardino. 

At  Vanderbilt. — In  the  Gold  Bronze  mine 
there  is  more  ore  in  sight  than  at  any  pre- 
vious time  in  the  250-foot  level,  there  being  a 
block  of  ore  200  feet  long  aud  100  feet  high. 
There  is  also  considerable  ore  in  sight  in  the 
150-foot  level.  There  are  twenty-three  men 
on  the  payroll.  A  carload  of  concentrates 
averaging  §60  to  the  ton  was  shipped  last 
week. 

Robert  Patterson  of  White  Hills  has  bought 
a  two-thirds  interest  in  the  Phelps  mine  at 
Crescent,  and  taken  men  to  work  there. 

San  Diego. 

At  Pine  Valley. — Twenty  men  are  employ- 
ed, working  night  and  day  shifts,  in  J.  G. 
Cortelyou's  mines.  A  two-horse  team  takes 
the,  ore  down  the  new  mile  and  a  half  grade, 
keeping  the  five-stamp  mill  busy  pounding  out 
gold.  Hauck  brothers  are  developing  a  rich 
ledge,  sinking  a  shaft  which  is  now  down  over 
thirty  feet.  They  will  ship  ten  tons  of  ore 
this  week  to  the  National  City  reduction 
works. 

The  Rice  Gold  Camp. — Several  new  strikes 
are  .reported  in  Rice  gold  camp,  east  of  War- 
ner's ranch.  The  prospects  now  being  devel- 
oped are  looking  so  well  that  mining  men  are 
showing  an  interest  in  the  district.  Mr. 
Moulton  of  Perris,  believed  to  represent  the 
owners  of  Good  Hope  mine,  has  acquired  con- 
trol of  the  Hillside  and  Pine  Ridge  mines  at 
Rice,  and,  in  company  with  Foreman  McGeary 
of  Warner' s  ranch,  is  developing  the  properties 
by  sinking  a  shaft,  running  a  tunnel  and  mak- 
ing arrangements  for  a  mill.  The  Bertha  and 
Daisy,  owned  by  Harrison  and  Rice  brothers, 
are  showing  extra  good  rock. 
Shasta. 
French  Gulch. — Free  Press:  Ellery  broth- 
ers, who  cleaned  up  over  $1500  from  twenty 
tons  of  ore  last  week,  are  still  doing  business 
on  the  same  lines,  and  will  clean  up  §2000  this 
week.  Their  sulphurets  also  assay  up  in  the 
hundreds. 

The  Gladstone  is  working  the  usual  force  of 
men  and  will  probably  show  a  net  profit  of 
$8000  for  the  past  month,  as  against  £5500  for 
the  preceding  month. 

The  Washington  still  runs  steadily,  and  the 
bullion  shipments  are  heavy.  Late  develop- 
ments in  the  mine  are  a  surprise  to  the  own- 
ers. 
The  Niagara  shows  good  results. 
Considerable  prospect  work  is  being  done  on 
several  mines  hear  the  Tower  house. 

Trinity  Center. —Several  large  placer 
deals  are  reported  in  a  fair  way  to  consumma- 
tion. 

A  French  Gulch  syndicate  are  the  reported 
purchasers  of  Jack  Strode  mine.  This  mine 
shows  a  fine  lot  of  ore  chutes  milling  from  §50 
to  $100  per  ton.  The  five-stamp  mill  will  be 
increased  to  ten. 

Cinnabar. — The  Altoona  is  working  along 
quietly.  It  is  understood  that  their  product 
from  one  furnace  aggregates  ten  flasks  daily. 
The  snow  is  from  fifteen  to  twenty  feet  deep. 
The  Base  Range.— The  property  of  Butler 
&  Sons,  under  bond,  is  being  developed  by 
a  San  Francisco  syndicate. 

Near  Kennet  a  new  discovery  of  low  grade 
gold  ore  is  reported. 

At  Squaw  creek  a  new  combine  is  reported 
to  be  examining  the  Riley  mine  with  a  view  of 
purchase.  They  think  that  by  spending  from 
§25,000  to  S30,000  the  property  can  be  made 
productive. 

The  Uncle  Sam  mill  and  mine  dump  over  a 
hundred  tons  of  tailings  into  Squaw  creek 
daily  and  send  out  a  corresponding  amount  of 
bullion.  No  stops  or  hitches  occur  in  this 
management.  ■  The  large  ore  reserves  and 
dead  work  insures  an  ore  supply  for  a  year  to 
come. 

The  owners  of  the  Balla  Klalla  at  Windy 
camp  are  trying  to  float  their  properties  in 
Philadelphia.  A  small  force  of  men  are  at 
work  under  Colonel  Ellis  and  Weil. 

Iron  Mountain. — The  surveyors  are  still 
setting  stakes  for  the  new  railroad.  It  looks 
as  though  the  hills  would  be  denuded  of  timber 
making  stakes  for  various  surveys,   The  right 


of  way  has  been  secured  across  several  pieces 
of  property,  but  there  is  no  telling  when  the 
surveyors  will  get  through.  Copley  seems  to 
be  the  terminus  decided  upon.  The  Iron 
Mountain  mill  has  been  thoroughly  overhauled 
and  is  ready  to  run  as  soon  as  wood  can  be 
obtained.  This  week  there  were  eighty-one 
men  at  work  in  various  capacities  about  the 
mill  and  mine. 

The  Power  company  started  their  men  clear- 
ing brush  and  setting  stakes  last  week  in  the 
canyon  above  the  Calumet  on  Spring.creek. 
Four  hundred  electric  horse  powerwill  be 
developed  and  turned  into  electric  energy  to 
be  rented  out  to  the  various  mines  in  the 
vicinity. 

Miscellaneous.— The  Kosciusco  has  ten 
stamps  pounding  away  and  the  miners  are  at 
work  in  the  tunnels. 

Redding  parties  have  secured  a  bond  on  the 
Af ^erthougb  t  and  Donkey  mines  at  Furnace- 
ville,  .and  will  undoubtedly  create  a  boom  in 
that  district. 

The  Tellurium  mine  on  Salt  creek  is  get- 
ting1 in  their  new  machinery,  putting  in  tram- 
ways, etc. 

Charles  Jones  and  Hans  Christisen's  new 
mill  at  Muletown  is  to  be  supplied  with  a 
large  engine  and  boiler.  It  is  now  grinding 
from  four  to  five  tons  daily. 

Bullychoup  is  still  covered  with  snow  at 
least  twenty  feet  deep. 

NEVADA. 

Storey. 

Savage  and  Ciiollar. — In  the  Savage,  on 
the  950-foot  level,  the  south  drift  started  from 
the  face  of  the  sill  floor,  southeast  drift,  was 
advanced  22  feet;  total  distance, .  80  feet,  at 
which  point  it  connected  with  an  upraise  from 
the  13th  floor  of  the  south  ore  stopes.  This 
connection  gives  good  ventilation  and-enables 
them  to  prospect  this  section  of  tlie  mine  ad- 
vantageously. 

During  the  week  most  of  the  men  have  been 
employed  in  repairing  and  retimbering  the 
main  hoisting  shaft  between  the  S50"  ,and_950- 
foot  levels. 

The  bullion  statement  of  the:  Chollar  for 
March  is  as  follows:  Workejl at_NfiYada  mill 
820  tons  of  ore;  gross  proceeds  in  bullion, 
$19.661 ;  cost  of  reducing,  §4,920;  net;proceeds 
in  bullion,  §12,277;  assay  value  per  ton,  §27.76: 
gross  average  per  ton,  §23.98;  net  average, 
$17.98.     Mill  worked  88.2  per  cent. 

.  OFFICIAL   REPORTS.  . 

Crown  Point. — The  east  crosscut  from  the 
south  lateral  drift  on  the  700-foot  level,  105 
feet  south  from  the  shaft,  is  now  out  52  feet. 
It  has  been  stoped,  and  they  are  now-prepar- 
ing to  raise  from  it  in  the  quartz,  the  latter 
running  from  §5  to  ?8  per  ton  by  face  samples. 
It  is  the  intention  also  to  run  north  from 
fourth  floor  of  the  stope  to  connect  with  this 
raise,  which  work  will  be  started  within  a 
day  or  two. 

Have  extracted  during  the  past  week  from 
the  openings  on  the  600-foot  level  and  between 
it  and  the  700-foot  level  514  tons  of  ore,  which 
has  been  shipped  to  the  Mexican, mill  for  re- 
duction. The  battery  sample  for  the  week 
has  avei-aged  $10.41,  of  which  $9.3-1   was   gold. 

Have  shipped  to  the  Carson  Mint  one  bar  of 
bullion  valued  at  £17,135,  the  cleanup-  for 
March. 

Belcher. — On  the  300-foot  level  the  joint 
Belcher  and  Seg.  Belcher  south  drift  as  now 
31  feet  from  the  Belcher  shaft,  -and"  the  face 
shows  porphyry. 

Hoisted  during  the  week  and  stored  in  the 
ore  bin  at  the  mine  38  tons  of  ore,  the  average 
top  car  samples  of  which  show  an  assay  value 
of  $35. 12  per  ton. 

Seg.  Belcher. — On  the  200-foot  level  the 
main  south  drift  is  in  464  feet  from  the  Belcher 
shaft,  having  been  advanced  10  feet.  The 
face  shows  porphyry. 

Have  hoisted  during  the  week  and  stored  in 
the  orehouse  at  the  mine  12  tons  of  ore,  the 
average  top  car  sample  of  which  shows  an  as- 
say value  of  $49.64  per  ton. 

ARIZONA. 
HARO^UA   HALA    DISTRICT. 

Cargo  Muchacho. — Times:  The  Paymaster 
mill  will  soon  commence  running  again  on  ore 
from  the  Padre,  located  a  mile  and  a  half 
from  the  mill.  An  eighty-foot  shaft  has  de- 
veloped a  good  body  of  ore. 

Sale  of  the  Old  Desert.— John  Llewellyn 
and  C  J.  Kimball  disposed  of  a  bond  on  the 
Old  Desert  mine  to  James  Wakeman  of  Con- 
necticut, retaining  a  one-third  interest  in  the 
property.  They  bonded  the  mine  three* 
months  ago.  The  Old  Desert  lies  eight  miles 
north  of  the  Bonanza.  It  was  located  about 
twelve  years  ago  and  a  great  deal  of- work 
has  been  done  on  it  since.  There  is  said  to  be 
now  not  less  than  200,000  tons  of  ore  in  sight. 
The  ore  is  partly  free  milling,  partly  concen- 
trating and  very  rich.  A  mill  will  be  erected 
at  once.  Enough  power  will  be  arranged  to 
run  a  60  or  100  stamp  mill,  though  so  many 
stamps  will  not  be  employed  in  the  beginning. 

Thomas  Camp. — The  shaft  on  La  Fortuna 
is  now  down  twenty-five  feet  and  the  six-by- 
eight  opening  is  all  in  ore,  with  the  hanging 
wall  not  yet  in  sight.  Twelve  tons  of  ore  are 
sacked  ready  for  shipment,  which,  it  is  esti- 
mated, will  go  from  $100  to  $200  per  ton. 
There  are  on  the  d.ump  seventy-five  tons. 
About  twelve  ounces  of  free  gold  have  been 
concentrated  from  the  refuse.  The  New 
Year's  Gift  is  being  opened  up  by  Wm.  Hal- 
bert  and  shows  free  gold  in  horn  from  crop- 
pings.     ■ 

The  country  is  granite,  porphyry,  schist, 
shale  and  quartzite.  The  footwall  is  quartz- 
ite,  schist  and  shale  in  gangue.  Porphyry 
shoots  up  through  formations  and  granite 
predominates  as  the  contact.  Veins  run  with 
the  country.  White  spar  and  white  quartz 
cap  and  shoot  through  almost  all  formations, 
also  run  through  the  hills  regardless  of  lay  of 
country.  In  the  Providence  and  La  Fortuna 
gold  has  been  found  in  the  schist. 

Reported  Bonded.— Journal-Miner:  It  .is 
reported  that  the  famous  Bullard  mine  in  the 
Harcuvar  mountains    hns    been    bonded    for 


$500,000.  It  is  to  be  hoped  the  report  is  true, 
for  this  is  one  of  the  largest  and  best  mines 
in  Arizona,  aud  will  doubtless  be  worked  an 
a  very  large  scale,  giving  employment '  to  a 
great  number  of  men  and  putting  a  -lajge 
amount  of  money  into  circulation.  This  ~mine 
is  only  about  twenty-five  miles  from  Congress 
station,  S.  F.  P.  &  P. 

Castle  Creek  District.-  Supt.  Lhidsly  of 
the  Whipsaw  Mining  Company  has  the  ten - 
stamp  mill  owned  by  the  company  ruuningdav 

:and  night.  The  ten-stamp  mill  of  the  Swal- 
low Mining  and  Milling  Company  is  in.  .full 
operation,  and  K.  Barrett  has  his  mill  on  the 
Trade  Mark  running  a  considerable  portion  of 
the  time. 

The  Maricopa  Cupper  Co.— Phoenix  Ityrald: 
Out  of  the  debris  of  the  wreck  of  the  Harcuvar 
.Copper  Company,  owning  extensive  milling 
properties  in  this  and  Yuma  counties,?there 

"has  sprung  a  new  company  known  as  the£jS$ari- 
copa  Copper  Company,  organized  unde-r;;the 
laws  of  Illinois.    The  new  company  is;*cpm- 

_posed  of  members  of  the  old  company,'who 
have  sufficient  faith  in  the  properties- .con-' 
trolled  to  develop  and  work  them.  F,rarik 
Prange,-  of  the  new  company,  is  n<jw  in 
Phoenix  making  arrangements  to  start  up  the 
coj>per  properties,  and  soon  men  will  "be  at 
work  and  stamps  dropping  on  the  ore. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Own  Two  Mines.— The  Great  Western  Min- 
ing Company  was  incorporated  on  the  1st  jnst. 
under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Washington, 
with  a  capital  stock  of  $1,000,000.  The  direct- 
,ors  of  the  company  for  the  first  six  mcjnths 
are  John  M.  Burke  of  Coaur  d'Alene  county, 
Idaho,  Chas.  S  Warren  of  Butte,  Chase,  Ban; 
of  Rochester,  El.,  and  D.  M.  Drumgejier, 
Jarvis  R.  Jones,  H.  M.  Stephens  and  Loins  E. 
Bertonneau  of  Spokane.  *  ■ 

The  company  is  the  owner  of  the  Great  West- 
ern and  Gold  Chariot  gold  mines  at  Trail 
Creek,  B.  C.  The  ore  of  the  Great  Western 
property  is  like  the  War  Eagle  and  is'about 
four  feet  in  width.  The  shaft  on  this -prop- 
erty has  only  reached  a  depth  of  twenty,  feet, 
all  in  ore,  and  it  is  expected  when  the  contract 
now  let  reaches  the  100-foot,  levels  will  be  ex- 
tended each  way  on  the  lead.  Work  will  be 
started  on  the  Golden  Chariot  as  soon  as  the 
Great  Western  contract  is  finished. 

COLORADO. 

Rapid  Drop  Stamps,— Ores  and  Metals:  The 
new  I'apid-drop,  stamp  mill  of  the  Iron.  City 
Mill  Company  in  Black  Hawk  is  abouticom- 
[  pleted,  and  will  be  started  up  this  week  or 
I  the  week  following-  on  custom  ore.  It  will 
have  a  capacity  of  twenty-five  stamps,  equiva- 
lent to  fifty  stamps  of  the  slow-drop  style. 

IDAHO. 

WALLACE  DISTRICT, 

The  Mammoth  Mine.— The  Mammoth  mine, 
which  C.  L.  Hathaway  is  operating  in:Pony 
gulch,  near  Delta,  is  employing  a  dozenJ,meri. 
Mr.  Hathaway  is  satisfied  with  his  experi- 
ments with  the  Crawford  mill,  which  fi^  put 
in  there,  and  has  just  shipped  another  over  to 
the  mine.  The  ore  runs  from  $112  to  $170 per 
ton  in  gold.  The  property  consists  of  a  blanket 
deposit,  which  is  explored  by  half  a  dozen 
tunnels  ranging  in  length  from  150  to  lOOjfeet. 
The  Crawford  mill  is  supposed  totrea,tteb 
tons  per  day  with  a  200-mesh  screen,  but  at 
the  Mammoth  thirteen  tons'  per  day  are  put 
through  a  100-mesh  screen,  which  is  as  fine  as 
they  require  it. 

Run  Him  Out.— Last  Saturday  J.  Mills  was 
run  out  of  the  Gem  mine  by  six  masked:men, 
all  armed  with  revolvers.  He  was  drilling  a 
hole  in  a  raise  with  one  companion,  arid  the 
leader  of  the  gang  had  him  covered  with  his 
gun  before  he  saw  them.  Three  of  the  men 
arranged  themselves  ahead  of  him  and  -i-hree 
behind,  and  in  that  way  he  was  taken  out  of 
the  mine.  No  arrests  have  been  made.  {Mills 
is  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  Coeur  d'Alenes. 

MONTANA. 

A  seventy  per  cent  interest  in  the  Minnie, 
the  Minnie  Extension  and  the  Great -West 
gold  properties,  located  in  the  Natural  Bridge 
district*  twenty-five  miles  south  of  Living- 
ston, has  been  bought  by  Paul  Zuber  for  $7,500. 
This  property  is  now  owned  by  Zuler  and 
Thompson  Bros.,,  of  Livingston,  who  expect  to 
begin  mining  operations  on  all  three  mines 
early  in  the  spring.  A  stamp  mill  is  to  be 
erected  and  development  work  pushed  during 
the  summer. 

The  Gilt  Edge.— Inter-Mountain:  The  Gilt 
Edge,  in  Ferguson  county,  is  shipping  gold 
bullion  twice  a  week,  averaging  about S3500, 
per  week.  The  ore  averages  $30  a  tori,  arid ' 
the  company  is  putting  through  about  'iorty 
tons  a  day.  The  tailings  are  run  down  to 
from  ten  to  sixty  cents  a  ton. 

OREGON. 

Black  Sands. — The  St.  Paul  men  who  are 
working  the  black  sand  deposits  on  the  beach 
north  of  Bandon  are  putting  in  two  new 
machines  for  extracting  the  gold,  and  are 
highly  elated  over  their  success  in  handling 
the  sand. 

In  Grant  Co.— Thomas  Jones,  John  Stam 
and  Aaron  White  are  opening  a  new  quartz 
mine  on  the  headwaters  of  Wolf  creek,  about 
twenty  miles  southeast  of  Prineville.  They 
have  run  an  open  cut  on  the  ledge  a  distance 
of  120  feet,  and  are  now  twenty  feet  below 
the  surface. 

UTAH. 

Beaver  Lake  District. — H.  Joseph  has 
signed  the  bond  of  the  Banty  claim  in  Beaver 
Lake  district  to  Captain  J.  R.  De  Lamar. 
The  bond  is  for  #20,000,  and  is  for  six  months. 
De  Lamar  has  contracted  with  Joseph  and 
Douglas  for  fifty  feet  of  shaft. 

Two  Mining  Deals.— Capt.  J.  R.  De  Lamar 
has  bought  a  half  interest  in  the  Golden  Gate 
group  and  other  properties  adjoining  the 
Mercur.  The  property  covers  fifty  acres  of 
surface.  The  ores  run  from  $9  to  $15  per  ton 
in  gold.  The  ores  are  very  refractory  and 
volatile.  Reduction  by  roasting  showed  a 
loss  of  32  per  cent,  while  chlorinization  gave  a 


April  13,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


loss  of  34  per  cent.  A  check  on  Wells,  Fargo 
&  Co.  for  $35,000  is  reported  to  have  been 
passed  over  as  the  first  payment. 

In  addition  to  the  half  interest  in  the 
Golden  Gate  group,  Capt.  De  Lamar  also  pur- 
chased a  half  interest  in  the  lease  and  bond 
dow  held  by  Messrs.  Butts  and  Neill  on  the 
Viking  group,  adjacent  to  the  Golden  Gate, 
and  covering  fifty  acres. 
The  pi  us  acquired    by  Capt.  De 

■  in  the  Merour  district  give  him  an  In- 
in  the  gold  belt  covering  more  than  one 
hundred  acres,  and  is  a  larger  property  than 
the  Merour  itself.    For  the  present  nothing 
.but  development  work  will  bo  done.    George 
Elslingburyj  formerly  State   Mine   Inspector 
irado,  and  an  old  miner  and  journalist, 
will  take  charge  of  the  works. 

Capt.  Do  Lamar  will  spend  the  summer 
cruising  on  his  yacht. 

PkLamah's  ProCTSS.— The  De  Lamar  /,<«<V 
rives  the  following  description  of  Capt.  De 
( Lamar's  new  cyanide  mill,  in  which  he  has 
adopted  a  process  of  his  own,  and  Which  may 
be  used  in  the  Golden  Gate : 

"The  ore,  which  is  deposited  by  a  tramway 
into  a  fifty-ton  bin,  goes  to  the  platform, 
'where  the  labor  of  one  man  is  required  to  put 
it  through  the  rock-breaker,  and  it  is  then 
conveyed  on  to  the  dryer.  From  this  it  is 
taken  by.  an  elevator  to  two  hoppers,  from 
where  it  is  fed  into  the  rolls  and  then  con- 
veyed by  another  elevator  to  the  screens.  In 
the  rotation  of  tho  screens  the  coarse  material 
drops  back  into  the  rolls,  while  the  fine  ma- 
terial passes  on  through  a  patent  self-sampler 
and  on  to  a  self-weigher,  a  personal  invention 
of  Mr.  Cohen's.  It  is  then  conveyed  to  the 
roaster;  and,  after  being  treated  here,  it  goes 
through  the  cooling  process  and  into  bins, 
from  where  it  is  emptied  in  five  tanks  and 
treated  with  chlorine  gas,  where  it  stays  for 
a  certain  length  of  time,  and  is  then  emptied 
into  the  precipitating  tanks  below.  All  of 
the  work  is  performed  by  machinery,  and  it 
-was  demonstrated  by  the  first  run  that,  with- 
out forcing  the  work  in  any  division,  ten  tons 
more  material  could  be  put  through  than  was 
expected.  The  capacity  of  the  mill  is  fifty 
tons,  and  the  first  report  gave  ninety-eight  as 
the  working  percentage.  The  entire  plant 
covers  about  three  acres,  and  every  enclosure 
has  a  corrugated  iron  roof,  while  the  lining  of 
the  precipitating  tanks  alone  contain  twelve 
tons  of  lead.  In  connection  with  the  works  is 
one  of  the  most  complete  assay  offices  to  be 
found  in  connection  with  any  mill,  a  fully 
equipped  machine  shop  and  electric-light 
plant,  with  one  of  the  finest  offices  in  the 
Western  country.  In  the  erection  of  the 
buildings  every  precaution  was  taken  against 


fire,  as,  in  addition  to  the  large  storage  tanks 
which  are  connected  by  pipe,  there  is  a  large 
pump  in  the  main  building.  There  are  also 
electric  signals  iu  all  parts  of  the  mill  by 
which  the  machinery  may  be  started  or 
stopped  in  an  instant  and  alarms  given.  The 
whole  structure,  which  is  an  exhibit  of  me- 
chanical skill,  with  a  continuation  of  the 
present  success,  will  be  the  salvation  of  Fer- 
guson district." 

Golden  Gate  Qboi  p  Bold.  Gaptain  De 
Lamar  has  closed  a  deal  for  a  one-half  interest 
in  the  Golden  Gate  group  of  mines  iu  the 
Camp  Floyd  district.  The  price,  it  is  said,  is 
$35,000,  with  the  option  to  take  the  remaining 
half  interest  at  $40,000. 


^l  IRE  R Opt, 

*    ^  FOR  ALL  PURPOSES  3.  ** 

W:t|t  ^ope.  T(\/\mW/\Vs  . 


fiti  nail 


y^  T  R  EN  TON  ,  N.J  .35= 
-     N.Y.  OFFICE  - 

0PeR,HEWLTl&COri7  BURLING  SUP 
:&uO     OFFICE  .  u„^YO  r*  111-4  MONBUNOCK  B'LD'C 


SECOND     HrtlND 

Mining  Machinery  Wanted. 

TWO    5  •  S  T  A  n  P    B  A  T  T  B  R  I  E  S. 

Single  discharge,  quiok  drop. 

Also    FOUR    PRUE    V  A  N  N  E  R  S. 

Must  be  in  good  condition  and  of  late  pattern. 

Address  Box  584.  Leadvllle,  Oolo. 


$25  to  $50 


I  per  week, 
to  A  scuta, 
i  LadTen  or 

Gentlemen,  Using  or  wiling 
"Old  Reliable  Plater."  Only 

practical  way  to  replace  rusty  and 
worn  kulve*,  forks,  spoons,  etc : 
quickly  done  by  dipping  in  melted 
mutal.  No  experience,  polishing 
or  machinery.  Thick  plate  atone 
operation;  lasts  5  toIOyears;  fine 
finish  when  taken  from  the  plater. 
Every  family  has  plating  to  do. 
Plater  sells  readily.  Profits  large. 
W.  P.  If  arrlson  &  <■«.,  Colons  ImsO. 


VULCAN  WIRE  ROPEWAY 


For  Conveying  Ore,  Cordwood,  Etc. 


SXl'DERMlKK, 

Kexn-ett,  Cal. 
In  reply  to  In- 
quiry as  to  how 
Tramway  la'  do- 
ing, am  prepared 
to   state    that    It 

has  given  ENTIRE  SATISFACTION  IN  EVERY  PARTICULAR. 
Jtjdkins  Tramway  Co.,  Pomeroy,  Wash" 
It  will  give  ub  great  pleasure  to  recommend  your  Ropeway  and 
your  Company  as  well  to  any  persons  who  may  be  thinking  of 
erecting  Ropeways. 

San  Andreas,  Dl-rango.  Mexico.  March,  20, 181M.- 
I  desire  by  this  letter  to  testify  that  the  Vulcan  Wire  Ropeway 
furnished  to  this  Company  by  your  Works,  and  erected  by  your 
engineer.  B.  Mclntire,  is  of  the  very  best  class,  and  has  given  us 
entire  satisfaction  since  Its  Installation. 

ANTONIO  H.  PAREDES,  Director  S.  A.  dela  S.  M.  Co. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

185-145  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


GEAR  CUTTING 

f\    SPECIALTY. 

Fine  Work  at  Bedrock  Rates. 

SPUR,  BEVEL,  and  WORM  GEARS  of  any 
pitch  or  size  up  to  50  Inches. 

<<<<    TAPS  AND  REAMERS  GROUND.    >>>> 

Experimental  Machinery  and  Repair  Work  of  all  kinds. 

P.  T.  TAYLOR  &  CO., 

533  Mission  Street,  -         -         San  Francisco,  Cal. 


i 

STAMP  3H0EB. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROTVYE     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  Amerioa.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WDBKS,  Brooklyn  N  Y 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  f*? 

Special  attention  gives  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies        Stamp  Cam. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN  A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USED  THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  - 

CAPACITIES  'SO  JONS j    DIFFERENT 
PER  HOUR. J        SIZES. 


•««" -^L  -™m  St0*    PLANTS  ItlV^-*- a 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY    DESCRIPTION. 

TREHflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,  King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinerj . 

GATES  IRON  WORKS  K^^sl 

NEW    YORK.  LONDON,   E,   C.  BUTTE,  CITY  OF  M  EXICO. 

«36    LIBERTY   ST.  73   A   QUEEN   VICTORIA   ST.  MONTANA.  8   CALLE    DE   GANTE 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -    New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbroofe  P.  O Canada 

Apartado  830 City  of  Mexico 


REGRINDING     VALVES 


Reasons  why  LUWKEHHElMER'S-are  the  test. 

On  the  market  for  over  35  years.  Made  of  Gun,  Metal 
throughout.  Every  valve  tested  and  warranted.  Can  be 
reground  while  on  pipe.  Easily  taken  apart  on  account  of 
OUtSlde    thread    and    union  style    connection,    therefore    no  - 

"cementing"  of  hub  to  body.  In  long  tried  use  on  Gov- 
ernment Vessels,  Lake  and  River  Boats,  in  Rolling:  Mills, 
Refineries,  Factories,  Mills,  etc.    Gun.  Metal  is  the  only 

composition  that  will  Stand  the  screw  power  of  valve  stem 

and  make  a  steam  joint.    Superior  ana  more  durable  than 

valves  with  Asbestos  or  Rubber  Discs.  Try  them  and  be  con- 
vinced. None  genuine  unless  ' '  LUHKENHEIMER  * » is  cast  in 
the  shell.  Specify  and  insist  npon  "LUNKENHEIMER'S." 
Catalogue  gratis  upon  request. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS, 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OP  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


quicksilveriI  KRussell  Process. 


-FOR  SALE  BY- 

The    Eureka  Company, 

OF  SAN  FBANCISCO. 

BOOM  l.       -      426  California  Struct, 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction .  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Vtab. 


236 


MrNi-TfG  and  Scientific  -Press. 


April  13,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


flaking  Climate  as  Desired. 


Prof.  F.  B.  Crocker,  of  Columbia 
College,  is  an  electrical  scientist  whose 
utterances  are  entitled  to  some  atten- 
tion. Regarding  the  probability  or 
possibility  of  controlling  the  weather 
by  means  of  electricity,  to  ' '  make 
rain,"  or  cause  fine  weather,  the  Prof. 
says: 

"It  is  difficult  for  the  most  con- 
servative man  to  set  any  bounds  to  the 
possibilities  of  what  electricity  will  one 
day  accomplish.  Of  course,  there  is 
one  great  fallacy  in.  the  popular  mind, 
and  that  is  that  we  know  very  little 
about  electricity.  On  the  contrary, 
we  know  a  great  deal.  Electricity  is 
to-day  one  of  the  most  exact  of  all  the 
sciences.  On  the  other  hand,  it  is  per- 
fectly fair  to  say  that  we  have  hardly 
begun  to  put  this  agency  to  the  va- 
rious uses  which  will  be  made  of  it  in 
the  future.  In  a. word,  while  we  know 
a  great  deal  about  it,  we  have  only  just 
begun  to  perfect  mechanical  devices 
for  applying  and  utilizing  it. 

"I  do  not  know  that  it  would  be  at 
all  impossible-  to  make  rain  by  elec- 
tricity. The  discoveries  of  Lord  Ray- 
leigh  and  Prof.  Oliver  Lodge  are  very 
well  known- to  science,  and  have  led  to 
many  interesting  experiments.  For 
example,  a-  current  of  electricity  ap- 
plied to  a  broken  or  interrupted  jet  of 
water  will  make  the  stream  perfectly 
smooth  and  continuous.  One  great 
difficulty  in  making  rain  by  this  means 
would  be  that  of  securing  an  effective 
discharge  of  the  fluid.  However,  it 
might.be  feasible  to  send  up  a  balloon 
from  which  could  be  suspended  a  large 
circular  ring,  with  a  large  number  of 
sharp  points  sticking  outward,  and 
connected  by  a  fine  wire  with  a  high- 
tension  "  dynamo  or  influence  machine 
below.  Whether  this  would  secure  the 
desired  end,  I  am  not  sure,  as  air,  j'ou 
know,  is  a  very  bad  conductor.  It  is  a 
thing  that  would  have  to  be  exhaust- 
ively tested  by  actual  experience. 
Perhaps  the  greatest  difficulty  to 
overcome  would  be  that  of  effecting 
the  discharges  of  electricity  in  the 
proper  places  and  at  the  desired  al- 
titudes. 

•'  1  think  it  is  entirely  probable  that 
within  another  decade  we  shall  have 
solved  practically  the  question  of 
aerial  navigation.  Not  that  this  prob- 
lem is  so  very  easy;  but  it  presents  no 
more  difficulties  than  hundreds  of  other 
similar  mechanical  problems  have,  and 
there  is  no  more  reason  to  suppose 
that  we  shall  not  build  a  successful  air 
ship  than  there  was  reason  to  suppose 
a  hundred  years  ago  that  steam  could 
not- be  applied  to  the  propulsion  of  a 
train  of  cars  along  a  smooth  track  or 
of  a  ship  across  the  ocean.  And,  of 
course,  if  we  get  an  air  ship  that  can 
be  easily  operated,  and  will  carry  a 
considerable  weight,  then  it  will  be 
very  easy  to  load  a  ship  with  storage 
batteries  containing  a  big  electrical 
supply,  sail  up  into  the  clouds,  and  dis- 
charge the  electricity  wherever  we 
want  it.  In  a  word,  if  it  is  found  that 
we  can  make  rain  by  an  electrical  dis- 
charge, and  we  want  to  do  it,  it  will 
not  be  very  long  before  we  shall  find 
ways  and  means  of  doing  it. 

"  Of  course,  it  would  still  remain  to 
be  seen  whether  there  is  actually 
enough  moisture  in  the  arid  areas  of 
the  great  West  to  precipitate  a  con- 
siderable rainfall. 

"  1  do  not  know  that  I  clearly  under- 
stand the  suggestion  as  to  utilizing  the 
heat  of  the  tropics  to  modify,  the  tem- 
perature of  colder  climes.  The  sug- 
gestion may  be  simply  to  utilize  the 
heat  of  the  sun's  rays  by  means  of  a 
solar  engine  for  the  creation  of  elec- 
tricity. This  could  be  transmitted 
long  distances.  You  know  in  the 
tropics,  where  the  sun's  rays  are  in- 
tense, the  solar  energ3r.  develops  a  force 
of  about  one  horse  power  to  each 
square  yard  of  the  surface  exposed. 
Inasmuch  as  the  sun's  action  is  very 
nearly  continuous  in  the  day  time,  and 
but  a  little  interrupted  by  clouds,  this 
force  is  fairly  reliable. 

"  But  it  seems  to  me  there  may  be  a 
much    simpler    device    than    this    for 


modifying  the  climate.  The  simplest 
device  would  be  to  pump  hot  air  from 
the  tropical  zone  and  cold  air  from  the 
region  of  the  Arctic  circle.  It  would 
not  be  difficult,  nor  would  it  be  very 
expensive,  to  construct  a  steel  tube 
system  of  sufficient  diameter  to  some- 
what modify  the  climate  of  the  Eastern 
seaboard. 

"For  example,  a  thin  steel  tube,  say 
four  or  five  feet  in  diameter,  would 
convey  an  enormous  quautity  of  air. 
One  has  really  no  idea  of  what  this 
quantity  would  be  until  one  stops  to 
figure  it  out. 

"  The  idea  is  identical  with  the  pipe- 
line systems  now  in  use.  Oil  is  piped 
long  distances  from  the  oil  wells  of 
Pennsylvania,  and,  similarly,  natural 
gas  is  piped  long  distances.  Now,  it 
would  be  just  as  easy  and  just  as  feas- 
ible to  pipe  air  as  oil  or  gas. 

"The  distance,  too,  is  not  so  very 
great.  I  have  been  surprised  to  find 
how  short  a  line  would  serve  for  this 
purpose.  If  it  extended  from  within 
the  tropical  zone  to  within  the  Arctic 
zone,  it  would  more  than  meet  the  re- 
quirements and  still  extend  over  only 
an  eighth  of  a  circle.  It  would  be  only 
about  three  thousand  miles  long.  I  do 
not  think  that  it  would'  require  a  pipe 
of  more  than  four  or  five  feet  in  diam- 
eter, and  the  pipe  could  be  built  of 
thin  steel  and  need .  not  be  expensive. 
Such  aline  would  not  be  nearly  so  costly 
to  build  and  equip  as  a  railroad  line, 
nor  does  it  present  any  material  diffi- 
culties. It  would  be  the  simplest  of 
mechanical  problems,  and  the  '  right  of 
way  '  would  not  be  expensive. 

"For  motive  power  some  out-of-the- 
way  waterfall  could  be  utilized,  so  that 
the  expense  of  operation  need  not  be 
very  great. 

"1  know  all  such  suggestions  as 
these  are  generally  looked  upon  as  com- 
ing from  a  wild-eyed  lunatic;  but  there 
is  really  nothing  half  so  daring  in  this 
suggestion  as  was  the  idea  of  laying  a 
cable  under  the  Atlantic.  The  diffi- 
culties to  be  overcome  were  greater 
then  than  any  difficulties  with  which 
this  enterprise  would  meet.  We  go  to 
a  great  deal  of  expense  to  secure  pure 
water.  I  don't  see  why  it  would  not  be 
just  as  feasible  to  provide  means  for 
fresh  air  and  at  the  same  time  modify 
the  rigors  of  our  climate.  Of  course, 
the  original  heat  or  cold  might  be  lost 
in  transmission,  but  the  air  would  al- 
ways produce  heat  where  it  is  com- 
pressed and  cold  where  it   expanded.'' 

There  are  thinkers  and  dreamers  in 
every  branch  of  science  and  progress. 
Edison,  Tesla  aud  Bell  show  what 
thinkers  can  do.  The  gentleman  inter- 
viewed above  seems  to  belong  to  the 
class  of  dreamers. 


STEAM  ENGINEERING 


{Stationai-y,  Locomotive  or  Murine);  Mechanics^  Mechanical  /fro/rim/;  Electricity;  Arc/ti- 
teeiure;  Architectural  Draining  and  Designing:  Masonry;  Carpentry  and  Join  erf/;  Orna- 
mental and  Structural  Iron  Work;  Railroad  £fogineering;  Bridge  "Engineering:  Municipal 
Engineering;  Plumbing  and  Heating;  Goal  and  Metal  Mining;  Prospecting,  and  the  English 
Branches.  Students  make  rapid  progress  in  learning  to  Draw  and  Letter.  The  Steam 
Engineering  course  is  intended  lo  qualify  eugineers  to  secure  Licenses.  Send  for  Free 
Circular,  stating  the  subject  you  wish  to  study,  to 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranlon,  Pa. 


The  I.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

6o  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 

Stamp  riills,Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,  Desulphurizing  Furnaces,   Etc. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contained,  Cushion  -  Frame.  Five  - 
.Stamp  I\Iill  Saves  Bills  for  Heavy 
Timbers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  and  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self-Contained"  Means  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  and 
Cau  lie  Readily  Kecoguized  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  l'lanl, 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  Mill  a  Large  ISill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Ureal'  Expense  and  Loss 
Of   Time. 

SECOND:  The  Saving  in  Mill- 
Wright  and  Mechanics1  Labor  in 
Framing     ami     Erecting. 

THIRD:  The  Large  Amount  oT 
Space     Saved. 


Send  Tor  Catalogue  and  Price  List. — 

Improved  Self-Contained  Cnshion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill.         ~~^~CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 


It  is  said  that  since  the  introduction 
of  the  electric  light,  public  performers 
are  able  to  preserve  their  voices  in 
better  condition,  being  fifty  per  cent 
more  often  in  good  voice.  They  are 
cooler,  do  not  perspire,  and  do  not  get 
husky. 


*  *  PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 
Dredgers, 

Shovels. 


Complete  "Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating, 
Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer 
ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of 
water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outfits  include  "  Lancaster"  1895  Land  or  River 
Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction. 
Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required. 

Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 
machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

39  CORTLANDT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


Simonds  Saws 

and  Hachine  Knives. 
RUBBER  BELTING,  RUBBER  HOSE, 

COTTON  HOSE,  PACKING. 

Leather  Belting,  Dodge  Wood  Split  Pulleys, 
Emery  Wheels,  Files. 

GRAPHITE  AND  GRAPHITE  GREASE, 
COVEL  BELT  HOOKS. 


Simonds  Saw/  Co., 


>"o.  31  Main  Street,  San  Francisco.. 


■and 85  First  Street,  Portland,  Or. 


lS"°:  WELL  MACHINERY^, 

All  kinds  of  tools.  Fortune  for  the  driller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  process;  can  take  acore.  t'erfec  ted  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pumping  Rifrs  to  wort  bv  Steam,  Air,  etc 
Letnehelpyou.  THE  AMERICAN  WELL  WORKS, 
Aarora,    111.:    Chlcaco,    III.:     Dallas,  Tex. 


CASCADE  WATER 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30   FEET  TO  2000   FEET.      Our 

rience  of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet, 
new  -wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  "Water. 

JAWIESLEFFEL&C0.Springfield,0hio,U.SA 


expe- 

every 

This 


April '13,  180f->. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Points  on   Patents  to  Mines. 

The  cisioos  of  the  I  faited 

Land  <  >ffice  say  in  effect  Aban- 
donment in  its  common  iaw  sense  is 
purely  ;i  question  of  intention.  An 
abandonment  ta  when    the 

ground  is  left  by  the  locator  without 
Sny  intention  of  returning  or  making 
further  use  of  it.  independent  of  any 
mining  rule  or  regulation. 

Failure  t"  perform  the  amount  of 
work  on  a  mining  claim  required  by  the 
local  mining  laws  or  regulations  estab- 
lished and  in  Force  in  the  district  where 
the  claim  is  located  amounts  to  an 
lonment  of  i  he  claim,  and  conse- 
quently it  may  be  occupied  and  appro- 
priated by  another. 

Foreign  companies  cannot  set  up 
an  adverse  claim  to  an  unpatented 
ground.  j*   ^  C 3 

If  a  joint  owner  of  a  claim  is  ex- 
cluded from  the  notice  of  location,  lie 
has  such  an  adverse  interest  as  to  en- 
title him  to  file  an  adverse  claim. 

When  one  is  seeking  a  patent,  and 
gives  the  required  notice,  any  other 
claimant  of  an  unpatented  location  ob- 
jecting on  account  of  extent,  of  form, 
or  because  of  prior  location,  must  come 
forward  with  his  objections  and  pre- 
sent them,  or  he  will  thereafter  be  pre- 
cluded from  objecting  to  the  issuance 
of  the  patent. 

In  the  absence  of  a  law  to  the  con- 
trary adverse  claims  may  be  filed  on 
Sunday,  or  out  of  office  hours,  if  the 
Officers  arc  willing  to  receive  them, 
though  they  are  not  required  to  receive 
adverse  claims  or  transact  other  busi- 
ness, except  during  regular  office 
hours. 

While  the  right  to  a  patent  is  equiva- 
lent to  a  patent  issued,  yet  the  pur- 
chase of  lands  containing  minerals  un- 
der laws  governing  the  sale  of  agricul- 
tural lauds  does  not  vest  any  rights 
whatever  in  the  purchaser,  for  mineral 
lands  are  reserved  from  sale,  and  if  no 
right  to  patent  exists,  it  follows  that  a 
patent  cannot  be  legally  issued. 

No  distinction  is  made  by  the  mining 
laws  in  the  matter  of  location,  occupa- 
tion and  appropriation  of  mining  claims 
between  the  rights  and  privileges  of  a 
citizen  and  those  of  a  person  who  has 
declared  his  intention  to  become  a 
citizen. 


Tellurium. 


Power, 
["lining;,    Hilling, 
Smelting,    Concentration 
and  Leaching  Hachinery;  Re= 
turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me- 
chanical   Stokers,    Hoisting   Engines 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried= 
ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines 
Cornish  Pumps,   Roots  Blowers,  Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,   Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers 
Crushing   Rolls,   Stamp    Mills,   Shoes' 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional' 
machinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers 
Concrete   Mixers,   Heavy  Ha 
chinery  and    Mine    Sup= 
plies.  =  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   Citv  of  Mexico,  Alex.- 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


Any  miner  or  prospector  who  has  a 
blow  pipe,  alcohol  lamp  and  a  few  drops 
of  cold  sulphuric  acid,  can,  in  a  few 
minutes,  determine  whether  tellurium 
is  present  in  ores.  All  that  is  neces- 
sary is  to  break  off  a  small  piece  of  the 
ore,  place  it  in  a  small  porcelain  dish 
previously  warmed  so  as  to  avoid 
breaking,  apply  the  blow  pipe  until  the 
ore  is  at.  an  oxidizing  heat,  then  one  or 
two  drops  of  sulphuric  acid  on  porce- 
lain dish;  allow  to  mix  with  the  ore'. 
The  reaction  will  immediately  follow,  if 
tellurium  is  present,  by  beautiful  car- 
mine and  purple  colors. 

Vliittasterixlie*  •>/  T<  lluriumz— Tellu- 
rium is  rather  a  rare  element  and  .was 
first  discovered  in  V7H^  by  Muller  von 
Reichenstein.  The  compact  form  is  a 
silver-white  resplendent  metal  of. 
markedly  crystalline  structure.  The-, 
crystals  are  rhombohedra  and  the  in- 
got consequently  is  very  brittle.  Spe-. 
cilie  gravity  is  (>.:i.  The  metal  fuses 
at  about  500°  Centigrade  and  is' dis- 
tilled at  a  very  high  temperature.  Its 
vapor  is  golden  yellow  and  has~"a"very 
brilliant  absorption  spectrum.  A  bar 
of  tellurium  becomes  feebly  electrical 
when  rubbed  with  a  woolen  cloth.  The 
electrical  conductivity,  like  that  of 
selenium,  is  largely  influenced  by  the 
temperature  previous  to  heat,  and  it 
increases  after  exposure  to  light, 
though  not  to  the  same  extent  .as  se- 
lenium does.  Tellurium  burns  when 
heated  in  the  air  with  a  blue  flame, 
evolving  white  vapor  of  tellurium  di- 
oxide. It  is  insoluble  in  water  and 
carbon  disulphide,  butdissolves  in  cold 
fuming  sulphuric  acid,  imparting  to  the 
solution  a  beautiful  ■carmine  color 
which  almost  immediately  gradtates 
into  a  purple,  that  is  probably  due  to 
the  formation  of  a  compound  analogous 
to  sulphur  sesquibxide,  namely  ST03j; 
the  tellurium  being  precipitated'  on  the 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


-MANUFACTURERS     OF 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

.    .EUR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIIiUTIl  IN  OF  I'lHVH! 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  reqiiiied 

♦♦♦  A    SPECIALTY,  -f-f-f 
OFFICE    AND     \A/ORK.S:      34     ancH     36     Main     Street,     San     Francisco,     Cal. 


addition  of  water.  On  heating  the 
sulphuric  solution,  the  tellurium  is  ox- 
idized, sulphur  dioxide  being  given  off. 
In  the  same  way,  it  rapidly  undergoes 
oxidation  in  the  presence  of  nitric  acid. • 


A  female  codfish  will  lay  forty-five 
million  eggs  during  a  single  season. 
Piscatorial  authorities  say  that  were  it 
not  for  the  work  of  the  natural  enemies 
of  lish  they  ..would  till  all  the  available' 
space  in  the  seas,  rivers  and  oceans..... 


B0LTH0FF 

MFu.CO; 

DENVER 
COLO. 


MINING, 
MILLING 

SMELTING 
SUPPLIES 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

.     «a  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof.  <fci 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS   and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


F».  &  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO./IIli»US24?SSii^ 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  A'ngeles,  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


220  Market  S< 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


Business     College, 

24  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco, 

FOR     SEVENTY  -  FIVE     DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  hi  Shorthand.  Type- Wriiing 
Bookkeeping'.  Telegraphy.  Penmanship.  Drawing-, 
all  Lhe  English  branches,  ami  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  ur  all  our. 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

HaB  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  iiiuilifh-d 
Instructor.  The  course  Is  lhoroug-til.v  -ii'iRih-.i) 
Send  for  Circular.  C^e.  HALEY.  Sec. 


DEWEY  k  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.    We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates   and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of. -the  world.     In  connection,  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li* 
brary  and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  hive  other  advantages  far  beyond   those  which  can  • 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies!    The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful- •- 
praetice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of: 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  lis-    enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.    Circulans  and 
ftdvie'e'sent  free  on  receipt  of  "postage.    Kdaress  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.F„ 


238 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  13, 1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  April  11,  1895. 

The  weekly  see-saw  in  silver  sends  it  back 
to  just  the  figures  of  a  week  ago.  But  like 
the  toad  that  climbed  four  feet  every. day  and 
fell  back  two  feet  every  night,  it  will  get  out 
of  the  hole. 

The  following  special  from  London  contains 
some  interesting  information  concerning  the 
bi-metallic  sentiment  of  the  Australian  col- 
onies: '"The  Australian  colonies  have  in- 
structed their  Agents-General  to. urge  upon 
the  British  Government  first,  to  permit  each 
colony  to  be  represented  directly  in  any  inter- 
national silver  conference  that  may  be  called, 
or'  if  that  may  not  be  considered  advisable, 
that  the  colonies  conjointly  may  be  allowed 
direct  representation." 

This  important  fact,  which  is  learned  upon 
authority,  has  not  yet  appeared  in  the  London 
press.  Agent-General  Playford  of  South 
Australia  has  sent  a  letter  to  this  effect  to 
the  Marquis  of  Eipon,  the  Colonial  Secretary, 
but  has  hot  yet  received  a  reply. 

Several  of  the  colonies,  notably  South  Aus- 
tralia, produces  silver,  but  while  their  own 
mints  are  allowed  to  coin  gold,  all  receive 
their  silver  coin  from  the  Imperial  Mint  in 
England. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  York,  April  11.— PIG  IKON— Scotch, 
19@20c;  American,  9.50@12.50c. 

COPPER— Brokers' ,  9. 87%c ;  exchange,  9. 40c. 

LEAD— Brokers',  S3.05;  exchange,  S3. 12%. 

TIN— Straits,  U.20c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  §3.20. 

New  Vork  Silver  Prices; 
New  York,  April  11.— Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : . 

-    *'-              , — —Silver  in — - 
London.    N.  Y. 
Friday »X 


65K 
66M 


.30X        66V4 


Copper. 
9  40 
9  35 


Lead. 
3  12/, 


9  37)4      3  13)4 


Saturday 29% 

Monday S0^ 

Tuesday 30)4 

Wednesday, 

Thursday .30)4 

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows :    ■ 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 7^0 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 10c 

London  Bankers'  60  days S4.88X 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.90 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounoe 663£c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 54@54% 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 
ANTIMONY. 

Per  lb 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots. —    @ 

Powdered,        "     —    @ 

Concentrated,  "      —    @ 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20    @ 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 21    @ 

Ingot,  jobbing. —    @ 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @ 

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 525    @600 

IRON. 

Amerioan  Soft 14  00   @1B  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00   ®18  00 

STEEL. 

Engllsh.lb 14    @     16 

NAILS. 

Wire $2  90 

Cut 265 

PIG  TIN. 

Perlb..'.'. 15   @    16  00 

ZINC. 

Sheet 8*4® 

I.1EAD. 

Pig - -    <£ 

Bar —    J 

Sheet ; — -  fg 

Pipe —   <e 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25 lbs 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  " 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,     "  " 

QUICKSILVER. 
Home  trade,  per  flask. » 37  00    @    -, 


—  @  10 

—  ®  5)4 

-  @  5)4 

-  @  5 


16 
14 


3  90 

4  20 
525 

'4  75 

.$1  20 
.  1  45 
.   1  45 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  April  11,  1895. 

The  Comstocks  opened  weak,  and  every 
stock  showed  that  despite  the  advance  in  sil- 
ver, the  encouraging  official  reports  from  the 
mines  and  the  plentitude  of  money,  the  lack 
of  leadership  prevented  anything  like  business 
on  the  street.  There  was  an  advance  on 
Wednesday  that  a  little  nerve  could  have  and 
would  have  sustained. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week:  ..  .. 


Mines. 

4 

11 

$     39 

42 

82 

1  40 

22 

44 

58 

Bodie 

Chollar, 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

2  80 

2  85 

42 
04 
52 

1  40 
16 
84 

I  65 

85 
1  70 

Ophir 

Potosi 

58 
39 
83 
54 
-  08 
61 

54 

54 

Utah 

55 

MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Even/  Thursday  front  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Francisco  Journals 


'  ASSESSMENTS. 


Company  and  Location.  No.    Ami. 

Belcner  S  M  Co,  Nev 50. . .  .25c. 

Bootn  G  M  Co,  Cal 5....  2c. 

Brunswick  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal . . . .  8. . . .  2c . , 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal 1....10c. 

Challenge  Con,  Nev 18 —  5c. . 

Con  New  York,  Nev 13...,  5c. 

Crown  Point  G  &  S  MCo.Nev.  .65.  ...25c. 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co,  Cal 39....  5o. 

Iowa  M  Co,  Nev '..20....  5c. 

La  Candelaria  M  Co,  Mex 8 — $2  . 

La  Grange  HM  Co,  Cal 10.  ...35c. 

Occidental  Con  M  Co,  Nev 18. . . .  10c  . 

Ophir  SM  Co,  Nevada 65.... 25c, 

Oshorn  Hill  G  M  Co,  Cal 4. . .  .25c. 

South  Eureka  M  Co,  Cal 17. . . .  lc 


.Mar  5, 
.Feb  18, 
.Mar  20, 
.Feb  19, 
.Feb  19, 
.Feb  19, 
.Mar  12; 
.Mar  2, 
.Mar  6, 
Mar  7, 
.Feb  23, 
.Mar  20, 
.April  4, 
.Feb  27, 
.Feb   20, 


t  and  Sxle.  Secretary. 

Apr    9,  Apr  30 C  L  Perkins,  309  Montgomery 

Mar  25,  Apr  17 Geo  R  Spinney,  310  Pine 

Apr  20,  May  15 J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery 

Mar  25,  Apr  25 C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building 

Mar  26,  Apr  16 C  L  McCoy,  Mills  Building 

Mar  26,  Apr  17 Chas  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

Apr  16,  May    7 Jas.  Newlands,  Mills  Building 

Apr    8,  Apr  26 AF  Swain.  309  Montgomery 

Apr     9,  Apr  27 K  L  Thomas,  419  California 

Apr    9,  Apr  27 G  A  Hill,  22  Market 

Apr     1,  Apr   22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

Apr  23,  May  15 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

May   7,  May  27 EB  Holmes,  50  Nevada  Block 

Apr    4,  Apr   24 RR  Grayson,  331  Pine 

Apr     1,  Apr  22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  April  11, 1895, 

9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

200  Andes 28i400 

100  Belcher 65 

400  Best  &  Belcher 

100  Bullion.. 22 

100  Chollar 56 

200 55 

100  Hale  &Norcross..l  35  50 sierra  Nevada. 

100  C.  C.  V 2  80  300  Union 

450 2  85100Yellow  Jacket 

50  Crown  Point 37] 

-2:30  P.  M. 


200  Mexican 

350  Ophir 

300  Overman. 

350  Savage 

100  Seg  Belcher.. 


SECOND   SESSION- 


lOOAlpha.. 10 

100Andes..7 28 

200Belcher 65 

100  Caledonia 10 

50  Challenge 44 

300  Chollar 54 

50  Con  Cal  &  Va 2  80 

100 2  85 


850  Crown  Point.   . 

50  Mexican 

200  Ophir 

100 

600  Occidental  ... . 
200  Potosi 

50  Union 

400  Yellow  Jacket, 


List  of   U.   S.  Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported    by  Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


FOR  WEEK  ENDING  APRIL,  2,  1895. 

536,982.— Tree  Protector— C.  W.  Anderson,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

536,683.— Floating  Dock— J.  J.  Cousins,  S.  F. 

536.610.— Door  Casing— E.  G.  Durant,  Pasadena, 
Cal. 

536,721.— Refrigerator  Car— J.  M.  Gilstrap,  Sac- 
ramento, Cal. 

536.927.— Fire  Escape— J.   L.    Gregory,  Washoe. 
Nev. 

536,874.— Exhaust   Nozzle— E.   W.    Harris,    Pal- 
isade, Nev, 

536,876.— Stump  Puller— E.  w.  Jones,  Portland, 
Ogn. 

536,754— Socket  Wrench— E.  E.  Masten,  Sacra- 

'_  mento,  Cal. 

536,756.— Dredger—  C.  Meier,  S.  F. 

536,757.— Lamp  Stove— W.  R.  Myers,  S.  F. 

536,893.— Amalgamator— N.  L.  Raber,  Corvallis, 
Ogn. 

536,?u4.— Car  Safety  Guard— G.  Rischmuller,  S. 
F. 

536,842.— Water   Motor—  R.    C.    Shepherd,   Red- 
lands,  Cal. 

536,767.— Umbrella   and   Fan— M.    Stocklmeier, 
Los  Gatos,  Cal. 

538,822.— Saw   Handle— John   Tors,   Fort  Bragg, 
Cal. 

536,769.— Flushing  Drain  Pipes  of  Sinks,  Etc.— 
F,  B.  Vinter,  San  Jose,  Cal. 

536,770.— Flushing  ©rain  Pipes  of  Sinks,  Etc.— 
F.  B.  Vinter,  San>Tbse,  Cal. 
Note. — Copies  of  Q.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 

nlBhed  by  Dewey  &Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 

(by  mall   for  telegraphic   order) .     American  and 

Foreign  patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  busi- 
ness for  Pacific  Coast  inventors   transacted  with 

perfect  security,  at  reasonable   rates,  and  in  the 

shortest  possible  time. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention : 
-  Reversible:  Socket  Wrench.— JEgbert  E. 
Masters,  Sacramento,  Cal.  No.  536,754, 
Dated  April  2,  1S95.  The  object  Df  this  in- 
vention is  to  provide  a  tool  which  is  adapted 
to  fit  and  turn  nuts  or  bolts  having  various 
sizes  and  shapes  of  exterior,  and  also  to  pro- 
vide a  socket  which  is  adapted  to  receive  a 
drill,  screw-driveiv  countersink  or  other  tool, 
with  a  means  for  advancing  the  tool  indepen- 
dent of  the  socket.  It  consists  of  head-plates 
through  which  a  hollow  socket  extends,  said 
socket  having  a  ratchet  Used  to  and  turnable 
with  it  between  the  plates,  and  pawls  pivoted 
upon  each  side,  adapted  .to  engage  the  ratchet- 
teeth  upon  opposite  sides,  so  that  by  engag- 
ing one,  and  disengaging  the  other,  tbe  rat- 
chet may  be  turned  in  either  direction,  and  a 
ring  or  sleeve  surrounding  the  shank  or 
handle  and  turnable  thereon,  said  ring  having, 
a  cam-shaped  slot  in  the  inner  side  by  which 
either  of  the  pawls  may  be -allowed  to  engage  i 
with  the  ratchet  while  the  other  is  disen- 
gaged. 

--Lamp  Stove.— W.  R.  Meyers,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.  Assignor  to  "W.  W.  Montague  & 
Co.,  same  place.  No.  536,757.  Dated  April  2, 
1895.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  com- 
bine with  an  exterior  metallic  casing,  and  a 
removable  central  draft  lamp  adapted  to  be 
suspended  therein,  an  imperforated  conical 
directing  plate,  either  with  or  without  a  sup- 
plemental canopy,  so  that  the  air  from  be- 
neath is  directed  over  the  upper  part  of  the 
lamp  body  and  concentrated  toward  the  draft 
openings  of  the  lamp  proper,  and  the  chimney 
therefor ;  and  in  conjunction  with  this  is  em- 
ployed a  sliding  segmental  reflecting  door 
whereby  the  front  of  the  stove  may  be  opened 
or  closed,  and  supplemental  draft  openings 
which  are  in  use  when  the  stove  is  thus 
closed. 

Connection  for  Flushing  Drain-pipes  of 
Sinks,  Washbasins,  etc.— Fred.  B.  Vinter, 
San  Jose,  Cal.  No.  53b,769.  Dated  April  2, 
1895-  The  object  of  this- invention. is  to  pro- 
vide a  simple   and  readily  adjustable  means 


for  connecting  a  flushing  or  forcing  pump  with 
the  drain  or  the  waste  pipe,  whereby  the 
latter  may  be  cleansed  or  opened  out  when 
clogged,  in  an  easy,  thorough  and  effective 
manner,  the  work  being  done  by  one  man  in- 
stead of  two  ordinarily  employed.  The  device 
consists  of  a  plate  or  base  adapted  to  fit  with- 
in the  vessel  directly  over  the  mouth  of  the 
drain  or  waste  pipe,  said  plate  or  base  having 
an  internally  threaded  opening,  and  a  washer 
or  gasket  under  it  to  form  a  tight  joint ;  means 
for  securing  and  tightening  the  plate  or  base 
to  its  seat,  and  an  internally  threaded  nipple 
fitted  to  the  base  and  adapted  to  be  screwed 
to  the  internally  threaded  opening  thereof  for 
the  attachment  of  the  hose  of  a  force  pump. 


i RUPTURE! 

IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hemiu — commonly  called 
rupture- whs  Incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  la  both  dangerdus 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  86  and  87  CHKONI- 
CLB  BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the 'past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  ;be  no 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
Is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  HoBpftal  medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


PUMPS! 


SEALED  PROPOSALS 

Will  be  received  by  tbe  CITY  OF  SACRAMENTO, 
CALIFORNIA,  until  MAY  I,  1895,  tor  furnish- 
ing and  constructing 

HIGH  DUTY  PUMPING  ENGINES, 

One  {1)  having  a  capacity  of  5,000,000  gallons  per 
twenty-four  hours ;  the  pump  to  be  of  the  vertical 
triple  expansion  or  cross-compound  type. 

The  bid  to  include  air  pumps,  valves,  feed 
pumps,  piping  and  all  other  appurtenances  per- 
taining to  a  pumping  plant,  excepting  boilers. 

Steam-pipe  connections  must  be  made  and  fur- 
nished by  contractor,  also  connections  made  and 
furnished  to  suction  and  mains.  .     '.",.,. 

The  city  to  furnish  conorete^foundation  for  pump 
and  build  pump  house. 

Specifications  may  be  obtained  at  the  office  of 
the  City  Clerk. 

O.  S.  FLINT,  City  Clerk. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing- received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  David  Croft,  in  the  Gold  Deposi^mlne, 
near  Kelsey,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  deposit  tailing's  in  an 
old  hydraulic  pit;  from  Wm,  P.  Coe.  in  the  Railroad 
Placer  Mine,  near  Placervllle,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  de- 
posit talllng-s  behind  dams  in  Spanish  Plat  Ravine: 
from  J.  C.  Day,  in  his  mine  near  Georgetown.  Ei 
Dorado  Co.,  to  impound  taillngB  in  an  old  hydraulic 
pit;  from  John  A.  Browles,  In  the  Independence 
Mine,  near  Brownsville,  Yuba  Co.,  to  Impound  tail- 
ings behind  a  dam  in  Letson  Ravine;  from  wm. 
Henning-  et  al.  in  the  lowS  Mine,  near  PoreBt  Hill, 
Placer  Co.,  to  impound  tailings  behind  a  dam  In  a 
ravine;  from  Jas.  Ward  &  Win.  McDonald,  in  the 
Tiger  Mine,  near  Forest  Hill,  Placer  Co.,  to  impound 
tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a  ravine;  from  Jos.  J.  Hoff- 
man et  al.,  in  the  Hard  Times  Mine,  Bath,  Placer 
Co.,  to  Impound  tailings  in  an  old  hydraulic  pit; 
and  from  Wm.  &  Wm.  J.  S.  Bacchi,  in  the  El  Dorado 
Placer  Mine,  Garden  Valley,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  im- 
pound tailings  in  ravine  below  the  mine,  gives 
notice  that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  Room  92,  Flood 
Building,  San  Francisco,  on  April  22d,  1S1»5,  at  1:30  p.m. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  *3"Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

611   and  613  FRONT  ST.,  San  Francisco.  Cal 


Assessment  Notices. 


BRUNSWICK  CONSOLIDATED  GOLD  MINING 
COMPANY.— Location  of  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness, San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works, 
Grass  Valley  Mining  District,  Nevada  County,  Cali- 
fornia. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  20th  day  of  March, 
18%.  an  assessment  (No.  8)  of  Two  cents  per  Bhare 
waB  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  56.  Nevada  Block.  San  Francisco,  California, 
or  to  the  Treasurer.  J*  J.  Halpln.  57  Broadway,  room 
87,  New  York  City,  State  of  New  York,  on  or  before 
the  20th  day  of  April,  1895. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  in  San  Francisco,  on  the  20th  day  of 
April,  18H5.  will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for 
sale  at  public  auction:  and  unless  payment  is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  15th  day 
of  May,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
Bale.  A 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  STADTFELD  Jr.,  Secretary. 

Office — Room  66,  Nevada  Block,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


OCCIDENTAL  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  principal  place  of  business, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Location  of  works.  Sil- 
ver Star  Miniug  District,  Storey  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  20Lh  day  of- March, 
1895,  an  aBBessment  (No.  18)  of  Ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  Stales  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  69,  Nevada  Block,  No.  309  Montgomery  street, 
San  FranciBco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  23d  day  of  April,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  salt*  at  puolic  auc- 
tion, and  unless  payment  1b  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  15th  day  of  May.  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  t>9,  Nevada  BIock,  No.  309  Montgom- 
ery Street,  San  Francisco.  California. , 


DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 

BOOTH  GOLD  MINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; location  of  works,  Auburn,  Placer  County, 
California. 

NOTICE.— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  follow- 
ing described  stock,  on  account  of  assessment  (No. 
5)  levied  on  the  Eighteenth  day  of  February,  1895, 
the  several  amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the 
respective  shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.  No. 

Name.  Certificate.  Shares.  Amt. 

Richard  Chenery,  Trustee. ...  160       6,275     8125  50 

Richard  Chenery 17  5  10 

Thomas  Day,  Trustee 148  500         10  00 

Thomas  H.  Gordon.  Trustee. .    68       1,000         20  00 
Thomas  H.  Gordon!  Trustee..  112  100  2  00 

Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee..  114  100  2  00 

Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee. .  116         100  2  00 

Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee. .  117  100  2  00 

Thomas  H.  Gordon,  Trustee..  118  100  2  00 

Henry  Gilman 38  300  6  00 

Henry  Gllman 175       1,000         20  00 

E.  S.  Harrison.  Trustee 177       1,000         20  00 

J.  W.  Winter,  Trustee 161         250  5  00 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  Eighteenth  day  of 
February,  1895,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of 
such  stock  as /may  be  necessary,  will  be  sold  at 
public  auction, ','at  the  salesroom  of  S.  P.  Middle- 
ton  &  Co.,  No.  -30  Montgomery  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California,  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  Seven- 
teenth day  of  April,  1895,  at  the  hour  of  Two  o'clock 
p.  m.  of  said  day,  to  pay  said~Delinguerit  Assess- 
ment thereon,  together  with'  costs  of  advertising 
and  expenses. 6f  sale. 

GEO.  R.  SPINNEY,  Secretary. 
Office— 310  Pine  Street,  Room  No.  88,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


WANTED ! 


S£;25,£>0 — Wanted,  a  competent 
and  mmest  quartz  mill  man,  with 
abovfisum,  to  take  half  interest  in 
custom  quartz  mill,  permanent  and 
desirable. 

$5000- Wanted,  a  competent 
and  lonest  quartz  mill  man  (assayer 
preferred)  to  take  interest  in  a 
custom  quartz  mill,  chlorination 
works  and  a  group  of  developed 
mines. 

Both  of  these  investments  are  safe  and  desira- 
ble, and  invitejnrestigation.  For  particulars,  ad- 
dress 

G.  B.  ROBERTSON,  ittorney-at-Law, 

VKEKA.  CAX. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA . 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<©> 

—Manufacturers  of— 
STEAH   ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 
♦    -f    MACHINERY  FOR  MININQ  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Dp  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IN  ««;  O., 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


VAN  DUZEN  STEAM  JET  PUMPS 

THE  BEST  Of  TBE  WORLD. 

Pumps  any  kind  of  Liquid.    Always  In  order.    Xever 

"cIors   nor  freezes.     Fully   Guaranteed.      COST  $7 

AND  UPWARD.   Especially  useful  for  Mlms.Quur- 

'riea,  Pita,  Wells,  Clay  Pita.  Breweries,  on  Steamships, 

Ferryboats  or  any  place  where  steam  Is  Bvailable.QDd 

liquid  to  be  pumped.    A.  full  supply  In  stock.    Address, 

Jas.  Llaforth,  37  Market  St. ,  San  Francisco. 


April  13,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


239 


Coast  Industrial   Notes. 


AooordiDg    to   the   new    director.) 

ifi-ahcisco's   present    population   approximates 
078,000 

The  total  subscriptions  of  stock  in  tbeSttn 

Francisco  and  San  .luaquiu  Vallev  Kail  road  to 
Jute  aggregate  19,500,000. 

-  -The  eight  per  oonl  bonds  "f  the  Nevada 
County  Narrow  Gauge  Railroad  *  !ompany 
nave  gone  from  itar  to #110  bid. 

—The  (Joldeu  State  and  Miners'  Iron  Works 
bavfi  a contraoi  fora  400-H.  P.  Corliss  engine 
tor  the  Mutual  Electric  Light  Co. 

—Miller  &  Lux  are  putting  iu  a  large  re- 
frigerating plant  at  Butcher  town,  n  is  be 
ing  built  bj  the  Cyclops  Machine  Works. 

—The  Francis  Smith  Co.  have  about  finished 
their  $150,000  contracl  for  twenty-two  miles 
uf  pipe  for  the  water  company  at  Oakland. 

— K* it'ti i  of  way  to  put  down  an  electric  road 
from  (_ioleta  through  Santa  Barbara  to  Car- 
pinteria,  via  Monteeito,  has  been  granted. 

The  largest  steel  beam  ever  made  <>n  the 
Hut ■  1 1 [i ■  eoast  was  pu t  i n  place  i n  the  new 
Parrotl  block  on  Market  street  last  sundav . 
-The  work  ol  putting  up  the  poles  which 
are  to  be  used  to  bold  the  wires  that  are  to 
transmit  the  electric  power  from  Folsom  to 
Badramento  is  about  completed, 

—A  Southern  Pacific  trust  deed  recorded  at 
Bakersdeld  transfers  all  of  the  company's 
property,  including  rolling  stock,  to  the  Cen- 
tral Trust  Companj  of  New  York  for  <>\ihhi,- 
uou 

-  The  new  steamer  just  finished  by  the 
Fulton  Engineering  and  Shipbuilding  Works 
for  the  Baronoff  Hacking  Co..  of  Alaska,  has 
been  accepted  by  the  owners  and  goes  into 
immediate  service. 

—The  Atlantic  and  Pacific  roundhouse  and 
machine  shops  at  Winslow.  Arizona,  were 
burned  last    Wednesday.     Eight    locomotives 


were  destroyed.    The  companv's  officials  esti- 
mate the  loss  at  $100,000. 

The  Chlno  sugar  factory  consumes    1800 

I  tons  of  sugar   beets  daily,  and  turns  tful  .85 

tons  reflned  sugar  per  day.    The  factory  cost 

£1,100,000.     An  oil  pipe    line   is   now   building 

to  supply  it  with  fuel  from  the   Puente   wells. 

Three  17,000-barre]  tanks  will  bo  used,  and 
fourteen  miles  <>f  3-inofa  pipe. 

Receiver  Bird  of  the  Taooma  Railway  and 
Motor  Company  reports  for  February ;  total 
receipts^  1407a.  hi:  disbursements,  $8117^)9; 
net  profit,  #tC»s.47.  The  net  profit  in  January 
was  $709.55,  and  in  December  $471,751  The 
asset  a  of  the  company  he  reports  to  be  $8,409,- 
994.16,  and  the  liabilities  126,200,  unpaid  in- 
terest on  bonds. 

China  and  Japan  are  beginning  In  use 
more  Hour.  England  took  41HJ.0O0  barrels  less 
in  'Jt  than  in  'OS;  China  took  33,000,  barrels 
more:  all  Asia  67,000  more,  an  aggregate  of 
698,878  barrels  having  been  imported  into 
that  region  last  year,  Japan  is  buililiug 
Souring  mills,  and  this  year  will  probably  see 
coasl  wheat  cargoes  sent  to  China  and  Japan. 

-The  largest  individual  wine  deal  ever 
made  in  the  State  was  closed  this  week,  F. 
Chevalier  &  Co.,  of  this  city,  buying  at  1$% 
cents  per  gallon  from  Dowdell  &  Co.,  of  St. 
Helena.  40ti,(HHi  gallons  dry  wine  now  stored  at 
St.  Helena.  The  wine  has  already  been  sold 
to  prominent  wine  dealers  in  New  York, 
where  California  wines  are  commanding  bet- 
ter prices  each  year. 

Thomas  Taylor,  of  Utah,  who  claims  to 
hold  Government  patents  for  immense  coal 
and  iron  fields  iu  southern  Utah,  is  in-  San 
Diego  in  the  interest  of  the  plan  to  build  a 
railroad  from  Salt  Lake  to  the  bay  of  San 
Diego.  His  project  is  to  turn  over  the  prop- 
erty, which  he  considers  worth  $5, 000,00(1,  for 
stock  in  the  company  that  would  build  a  rail- 
road between  Salt  Lake  and  San  Diego. 

— A  San  Joaquin  valley  land-owner  has 
offered  to  place  300,000  acres  of  fertile  laud  at 


the  disposal  of  the  New  England  Colon v  Asso- 
ciation on  terms  of  interest  oidv.  for  ten 
years,  provided  all  the  laud  suitable  for  culti- 

;  vat  ion  in  small  tracts  should  be  taken  and 
occupied  within  two  years.    The  object  is  to 

:  bring  to  California  the  native  element  of  the 
Atlantic  seaboard,  who  have  been  displaced 
by  European  immigration. 

A  San  Jose  fruit-packing  company  has 
bought  American  rights  for  a  new  German 
method  ol  preserving  fruit  in  glass  jars,  with 
covers  kept  on  by  exhaustion  of  air  in  the  jar. 
No  solder  is  needed,  and  In  opening  the  jar  all  ' 
that  is  necessary  is  to  puncture  the  covers. 
Many  million  dollars'  worth  of  tin  plate  is  im 
ported  every  year  for  canning  fruit,  vege-  i 
tables  and  fish,  and  if  the  new  process  is  suc- 

i  cessful   this   money    will    be   spent    here    for 

|  glass  jars. 

I      —The   Krogh    Manufacturing   Co.,    of   this  ! 
city,  have  recently  bought  the  entire  manufac- 
turing plant   of   the   San   Francisco  Tool  Co.,  , 
occupying    the    extensive     brick    building   on 
Stevenson  street    numbering   11    to   19.    The 
firm  will  continue  the  manufacture  of  water  [ 
works  pumps,  centrifugal  pumps,  land  reclama- 
tion and   dredging  machinery,    water  gates, 
etc.     The   new    establishment    will    be    con-  ' 
ducted  separately,  and  in  addition  to  the  com- 
pany's works  on  Beale  street. 

— The  Sacramento  city  trustees  are  having 
a   great   time   in  placing  an  order  for  pumps 
and  pumping  engines.     Some   months   ago  it 
was  decided  to  buy,  and  proposals  were  called 
for,  which,  upon  receipt,  were  referred  to  "a 
committee  of  experts  on  pumps,"  who,  in  due  i 
time,  reported,  making  recommendation  that  I 
a  contract  be  given  the  Edward  P.  Allis  Com-  ] 
pany,  of  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  for  a  5,000,000 
gallon  vertical  triple-expansion  pumping  en-  ! 
gine  for  $18,300:    At  last  Monday's  meeting  a  | 
motion  to  adopt  the  report  and  so  award  the  J 
contract  was  beaten  by  a  vote  of  ti  to  3.    The  j 
clerk    was   then   instructed    to  advertise   for  ' 
new  proposals. 


'-'"•"       SNQfs 


The  Wilson  «*- 
SHOES 


DIES. 


Guaranteed  to  Wear  Longer 
and  Prove  Cheaper  than 
^Bfc — Ties     any  others. 

Made  by  use  of  Special  Appliances. 

r.STKNTKU    AUGUST    ISTB.    IKtt 
—  Madeonly-by  — 

Western  Forge  and 
Rolling;  Mills, 


ST.  LOUIS,  M0. 


WM.  A.   HEWITT, 


Agent, 


1  I  ami  13  first  SI  .  Shu  Frauilsco. 


1ATENT5 


DEWEY  <fc  CO., 
I  gap  Market  St..  B.  F. 


Uinion    Iron  Works, 


CORNER     PIRST     AND     MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


•IHANUFflCTURERS        OF 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed   Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz   /Will*. 

Manty  Chili   /Wills.  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Oodd  Sigmoidal  Water  Wheel, 

PUrtlPS  -Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and   Lead  Eurnaces,        Mil  Classes  of  JV\arlne  lA/ork. 

^a^^-SH IP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *       HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^Sta^ 

NEW  YOKK  OFFICE:     I4S    OROrt  D\A/rt  Y.  CAULK  ADDRESS:     "UNION." 


NOTICE   TO   GOLD   MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,,  BRAVIil,  OR  PLAUER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

i mi    AT    REDUCED    PRICES,  f  ■ 

ur  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  tiesil  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
eplaied   bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

s-   ■nrffff*^^**"  Incorporated.  ^SS&b^^/ 

is^rrnd -Fo.R.rTRPTTT.ARs.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ■». 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OP 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


MINING,  IRON  AND  WOODWORKING 

MACHINERY  AND  SUPPLIES 

INGERSOLL-SERGEANT  PISTON  INLET  AIR  COMPRESSORS  AND   ROCK  DRILLS 

ENGINES  AND  BOILERS 


i^rwrL  ^9    "v  "*P    ■*- 


l>  oi  ==J+ 


21  AND  23  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

Eor  Saving:  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REFLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  tilled. 

Twenty-live  Medals  Awarded. 

KSSh      SAN  FRANCISGP  G0LD'  SILVER  m  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

\-*>^"''\.  *      653  and  65S  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON,      .......  Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Mining  and-  Scientific  Press. 


April"  13"  1895; 


^ss^^s-OVER 


4000    IN     ACTUAL     USE.*^^ 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


VFor  any  information,  pamphlets, 
circulars  or  testimonials, 
-    •       call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 


Price  of  4-foot  wide  Plain  Frue  Tanner 

"           «*           "       Improved  Belt  Frne  Vanner . 
"      6-foot     "       Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner 


.$500,  f.  d. 
.  600,  f .  o. 
.     600,  f.  o. 


(Successor   to  Adams  &  Carter,; 


AGENT  FOR  THE 


132  MARKET  ST. 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY.  FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co..  Cal.  ( 

C.  J.  Cinrk;  M.  E..  Gen'l.  Supt.  Dec.  12.  1891.     i" 

MESSRS.  ADAMS  .t  CARTER,  San  Francisco.  Cal.— Dear  Sirs:    During  my  experience  in  " 
mining  and  milling',  I  have  tiBed  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  on  different, 
kinds  of  ore.  both  gold  and  silver.    I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  'with  other" 
widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Frue  in  first  place.    When   I 
built  this  mill -(20  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  in  order  to  save  space  and 
machinery.    I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  foe- 

TWET.VT.  Mn\'TH«.      Thpv  .irp  takine-  flip  nil  In  fri-im  ""ll  <;t:imnsi     ^rncliiin'    u     minim  mil  ..r    ii  rft-- 


Twelvemonths.    They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  2ii  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  tirty 

tons  per  day.  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.    They  require  no  mbrfr'altentiolt 

than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  Quantity  of  ore.    I  have  run  them  up  to 

SO  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.    They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as, 

TtmTtTi      t\T\n      nniT/invnrnimAT*    the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  bearings  and 

Knllh      UnK       (tUNliKN  1  KA  lUn     wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil,  and  no  more  wearand  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 

uuu      vim       vuiiwuiuiunuu,    My  repair  account  for  the  past  six  months  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.    In  order  to 

give  an  Idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing  here,  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 

from  $5  to  $20  per  ton  and  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  00  cts.  per  ton.    I  will  conclude  by 

saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  is  the  only  table 

that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.  C.  J.  CLARK,  Gen'l  Supt. 


IMPROVED    CRAWFORD    MILL 


The    Cheapest  and   Best   Milt  for  extracting  gold  from    comparatively    free    milling    ores.: 
Requires  one-third  the  water,  and  three-fourths  the  power  of  stamps.       Costs    less,    is    operated, 
cheaper,  and  will  save  2  o  to;  40  per  cent  more  gold.     Average  saving  85  percent.      Inexpensive 
foundation.     No  plates  or  screens.       Wear  and    tear  guaranteed  not  to  exceed  thirty    cents   per 
ton.      Capacity   ten    tons.     Full   particulars,  „___:__/ 

MECHANICAL  COLD  EXTRACTOR  COMPANY, 


47     BROAOWAY,     INEMZ    YORK. 


RI5D0N   IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address;     "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 

-s^ss^riANUFAGTURERS    OF^^> 

Johnston's  Concentrator,      ^y^^Ll^i^ 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  Air  Compressors, 


'-?>■ 


MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTING  PLANTS; 


Steam 


g 


Train. 


ENGINE:    50-Horse 
Power. 


CAPACITY  OF  TRAIN: 

50  to  65  tons;  depends 
upon  the  roads. 


WRITE    FOR    GIRCULAI&3 
AND  ■  PRICES. 


#K 


MANUFACTURED    BY 

THE     BEST 


yVVAJNUiEACTURJINGT   CO.,    SAN.  LEiSUSDRQ,    GAL,    U>-S=A. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


X  OLCAEE   L.VX. 
Number  1U. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  SATURDAY,  APRIL  20,  1895. 


Red  Rock,  Qoler  and  Summit   Min- 
ing Districts  in   kern   County.* 


The  districts  above  mentioned  are  a 
part  of  the  Mojave  desert,  in  the  north- 
eastern part  of  Kern  county.  Their  placer 
deposits  lie  along  the  foothills  of  the  Sierra 
Nevadas.  cut  through  in  places  by  washes 
emptying  southward.  Mainly  confined  to 
the  north  side  of  this  line  of  hills  is  a 
series  of  beds  of  conglomerate,  sandstone, 
■volcanic  tufas  and  lava-flows,  dipping 
away  from  the  range  at  an  angle  of  20°  to 
25°.  The  conglomerates  at  the  base  are 
free  from  volcanic  pebbles;  consisting  of 
many  kinds  of  rock;  some  foreign  to  the 
district,  cemented  and  followed  upwards 
by  friable  sandrock  and  volcanic  beds. 
This  is  evidently  a  deposit  on  a  marginal 


1 


SANDSTl 


CLIFFS     NEAR 


ROCK,     KEF 


THRICE    i. .11  l    ii:-    I-E14   ASSI  M. 
Single  Copies.  Ten  Cents. 


evidence  has  yet  been  found  to  show  the 
original  source  of  the  gold.  In  the  vicin- 
ity of  Red  Rock  the  porphyry  is  much 
mineralized  over  large  areas,  but  it  is  not 
known  whether  it  carries  gold.  Perhaps 
the  richest,  gulch  ou  the  north  side  of  the 
ridge,  which  between  Red  Rock  and  Goler 
is  known  as  El  Paso,  is  the  Bonanza, 
which  lies  about  two  miles  east  of  Red 
Rock.  Here,  as  in  the  other  gulches,  the 
gold  is  found  in  the  wash  from  the  basal 
conglomerates  aud  lava  tufas.  It  is  found 
not  only  in  the  gulches,  but  on  the  slopes 
of  the  hills  several  hundred  feet  above, 
and  hi  the  wash  from  the  sedimentary  de- 
posits rather  than  from  the  crystalline 
rocks.  In  fact,  only  traces  of  gold  are 
found  in  those  gulches  which  head  on  the 
south  side  of  the  range  or  which  lie  above 
the  conglomerates,  and  other  sedimentary 


- J  ■v-Z':  ^■■ir--y^r^rrfJ 


SUMMIT  CAMP,  TEN  MILES  EAST  OF  GOLEK,  KERN  COUNTY. 


sea  or  lake  bottom  which  has  been  ele- 
vated from  the  south  and  tilted  north- 
ward. This  elevation  is  greatest  on  El 
Paso  peak,  where  it  is  nearly  5500  feet. 
Jaw  Boue,  Red  Rock  and  Goler  canyons, 
with  lesser  tributary  canyons  emptying 
southward,  have  cut  these  beds  to  a  great 
depth.  It  is  in  these  canyons  and  on  the 
hills  bordering  them  that  the  most  of  the 
placer  gold  is  found.  At  the  Summit,  the 
easternmost  district,  the  sandstone  covers 
up  the  underlying  metamorphic  bedrock, 
and  in  the  shallow  washes  draining  south- 
ward from  this  sandstone  the  gold  is 
found. 

These  facts  all  point  to  an  original  sea 
beach  on  which  the  gold  was  collected  by 
various  means,  decay  of  rock  strata, 
wash  of  streams,  etc.,  and  that  after- 
wards an  elevation  took  place,  followed 
by  erosion  of  the  present  gulches,  in 
which  the  gold  has  concentrated  from  the 
old  conglomerate  and  sandstone.     Little 

Fairbanks,  In 


BLACK     MOUNTAIN, 


*  Compiled  from  an  article  by  H.  W. 
Twelfth  Report  of  State  Mineralogist. 


BETWEEN  OOLER  AND  RED  ROCK,  KERN  COUNTY. 


formations,  West  of  Red  Rock  no  nug- 
gets have  been  found.  But  little  float 
quartz  is  found  in  the  gravels,  although 
small  particles  are  often  found  adhering 
to  the  gold.  Hundreds  of  claims  have 
been  taken  up  in  the  region  about  Red 
Rock,  though  but  few  of  them  have  been 
worked.  Water  is  needed  to  make  these 
camps  very  successful,  for  although  a  few 
of  the  gulches  are  very  rich,  many  are 
not  sufficiently  so  to  pay  for  using  a  "dry 
washer."  There  are  said  to  be  hundreds 
of  acres  which  it  would  pay  to  sluice  if 
water  in  sufficient  quantity  could  be  ob- 
tained. 

The  next  gulch  east  of  Red  Rock  is  the 
Last  Chance,  which  heads  in  El  Paso  peak 
and  opens  southwesterly  across  the  range. 
Gold  is  found  sparingly  distributed  over 
much  country  along  this  gulch,  and  is 
more  difficult  to  obtain,  owing  to  the 
great  depth  of  the  wash  in  many  places. 
In  places  in  this  gulch  and  its  tributaries 


STRATIFIED    VOLCANIC 


ROCK. 


COUNTY. 


(Continued  on  page  2Jf5.) 


242 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  20,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


The  Mint  and   Civil    Service. 


ESTftBL-ISHED     I860. 
Oldest  Mining'  Journal  on  the  American  Continent. 


%cet  No,  w  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  son  Franc 
33?"  Take  tlie  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


Annual  Subscription • ^  uu 


Entered  at  the  S.  P.  Postoffiee  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Our  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Tlwr&day  evening. 

J,  I'.  HA1.LORAS General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  April  20,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Sandstone  Cliffs  near  Red  Rock,  Kern  Co.; 
Summit  Camp.  Ten  Miles  East  of  Goler.  Kern  Co. :  Black  Moun- 
tain. Between  Goler  and  Red  Rock.  Keru  Co.;  Stratified  Volcanic 
Tufa,  East  or  Red  Rock.  Kern  Co..  341.  Columnar  Basalt.  Neat- 
Head  of  Kern  River,  Cal.;  Basaltic  Columns  on  Kern  River,  Cal,, 
245.    Sec  tional  View  of  Crawford  Mill,  247. 

EDITORIALS.— Red  Rock,  Goler  and  Summit  Mining  Districts  in 
Kern  County,  241.  The  Mint  and  Civil  Service;  Miscellane- 
ous, 242. 

CORRESPONDENCE.— The  Prohibitive  Seal  Zone.  245.  The  Silver 
Problem;  Shasta  County  Mining  Notes,  246. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Terrestrial  Helium;  A  New  Blasting 
Powder;  Height  of  Clouds.  248. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— How  an  Ax  is  Made;  Rating  of  Feed 
Water  Heaters:  Some  Comparisons  Bearing  Ujpon  Engineering 
Construction;  Not  Following  Instructions;  Bridges  of  Old  Rail  , 
249. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— Large  Guns  as  Magnets;  A  Tremen- 
dous Light,  257. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories.  250-51. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc..  254. 

MISCELLANEOUS— Concentrates;  Personal:  Obituary.  243.  Char- 
acteristic Features  of  California  Quartz  Veins;  Very  Pure  Gold, 
244.  Arizona  Prospectors;  Fares  and  Prices  at  Catiboo.  245. 
Books  Received,  246.  The  Crawford  Mill.  247.  The  Columbian  Ex- 
position Medals;  DeLamav  in  California:  Metal  as  a  Building 
Material;  Luminous  Paint,  253.  Notices  of  Recent  Patents,  244. 
Coast  Industrial  Notes,  245. 


The  growing  sentiment  in  favor  of  remoneti station 
of  silver  shows  that  the  Nation  is  at  last  realizing 
that  it  is  not,  as  has  been  charged,  a  simple  effort  of 
silver  producers  to  make  a  market  for  the  product 
of  their  mines,  but  a  prime  necessity  in  national 
prosperity. 

The  contemplated  affiliation  of  the  Technical  So- 
ciety of  the  Pacific  Coast  and  the  Mechanics'  Insti- 
tute will  not  take  place.  The  latter  institution  was 
not  averse  to  the  idea  provided  the  Society  would 
merge  itself  into  and  be  absorbed  by  that  organiza- 
tion; but  the  desire  of  the  Technical  Society  to  pre- 
serve and  maintain  its  separate  autonomy  made  the 
idea  inexpedient.  The  most  cordial  relations  exist 
between  the  two  organizations;  and  each  will  con- 
tinue separate  and  independent  as  before. 


Four  weeks  ago  extended  notice  was  given  the 
famous  case  of  the  Tyler  vs.  the  Last  Chance  Mining- 
Co.,  wherein  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  had  given 
a  point  in  favor  of  the  former  on  a  side  litigation,  the 
main  issue  being  at  the  time  in  the  United  States 
Supreme  Court.  That  tribunal  this  week  reversed 
the  decision  of  the  U.  S.  Circuit  Court  of  Appeals, 
and  remanded  the  case  for  n  new  trial.  Had  the 
Court  decided  in  favor  of  the  Tyler,  it  would  have 
been  final.  The  attorneys  of  the  Last  Chance  think- 
that  this  last  decision  in  their  favor  is  final,  as  the 
Court  of  Appeals,  to  which  the  case  goes  back,  must 
decide  in  their  favor,  but  the  Tyler  attorneys  say 
the  final  result  will  depend  upon  the  nature  of  the 
instructions  sent  back  by  the  Supreme  Court.  So 
far,  the  Last  Chance  owners  have  spent  $125,000  in 
litigation;  the  Tyler  people  nearly  as  much  more, 
and  the  end  is  not  yet. 


Extended  reference  was  recently  made  in  this 
column  to  the  new  London  Sulman-Teetl  process  for 
the  extraction  of  gold  by  the  agency  of  bromo- 
eyanogen,  it  being  claimed  by  its  inventors  that 
oxygenation  was  unnecessary  and  that  the  acceler- 
ating effect  of  the  bromo-cyanogen  was  such  as  to 
bring  about  in  a  few  hours  what  required  days  by 
the  ordinary  cyanide  process,  and  was  also  similarly 
claimed  that  the  most  rebellious  of  gold  ores  could 
be  satisfactorily  treated  by  this  new  process.  Two 
companies  have  been  formed  in  London.  Bnglaud — 
"Sulman's  True  Gold  Recovery  Syndicate,"  and 
"  The  Gold  Ore  Treatment  Company,"  each  with  a 
large  nominal  capital.  The  former  has  been  ab- 
sorbed by  the  latter  upon  the  payment  of  £50110  in 
the  shape  of  5000  £1  shares  of  hitherto  unissued 
capital  of  The  Gold  Ore  Treatment  Co.  The  officials 
of  this  company  claim  that  they  have  very  good 
prospects  for  immediate  success  and  .that  then- 
stock  is  now  worth  £2  as  per  share. 


When  the  Civil  Service  law  was  passed,  it  was  a 
great  surprise  to  the  people  that  the  Mints  of  the 
United  States  were  not  made  subject  to  its  pro- 
visions. A  word  from  Mr.  Burchard,  the  Director, 
would  have  saved  that  great  service  from  the  evils 
of  the  party  spoils  system;  but  he  has  been  excused 
on  the  ground  that  he  was  at  that  very  time  fight- 
ing to  be  continued  as  Mint  Director,  and  had  no 
time  to  bring  this  matter  to  the  attention  of  Con- 
gress. 

The  Mint  in  San  Francisco  handles  from  thirty  to 
fifty  millions  of  dollars  every  year.  The  gold  and 
silver  bullion  sent  to  that  institution  for  coinage  is 
in  all  sorts  of  crude  conditions,  and  some  of  it  is  sub- 
jected to  twenty  or  thirty  operations  before,  it 
comes  out  in  standard  coin.  In  these  various  opera- 
tions hundreds  of  persons  must  handle  it.  Honesty, 
conscientiousness,  large  experience  and  technical 
knowledge  are  needed  on  the  part  of  those  who  have 
to  do  with  mint  work,  iu  its  various  processes  of 
melting,  assaying,  refining,  ingot  making  and  coin- 
ing. Why  should  the  letter  carrier  be  protected  by 
Civil  Service  laws,  while  persons  in  the  Mint  have 
no  protection  V 

Every  Mint  superintendent  in  San  Francisco  for 
the  last  twenty-five  years  has  lived  a  burdened  life, 
on  account  of  the  demands  of  Congressmen  and 
political  bosses.  The  real  work  of  the  superin- 
tendent has  to  be  performed  very  largely  by  his 
chief  clerk.  Judge  Lawton,  H.L.Dodge  and  Mr. 
Burton  had  some  independence;  but  they  could  not 
always  do  as  they  wished.  Senators  Sargent,  Stan- 
ford and  Felton  were  the  powers  behind  the  throne. 
They  had  but  to  say  to  the  superintendent  of  this 
or  that  man  in  the  Mint,  "He  must  go,"  and  he 
went.  No  matter  how  efficient  or  how  long  tried, 
he  must  go,  and  his  place  was  filled  by  some 
politician  who  could  do  good  service  for  the 
party,  and  for  the  Senator  who  had  placed  him  in 
the  Mint. 

Each  new  superintendent,  instead  of  familiarizing 
himself  with  the  financial  conduct  of  the  Mint,  studies 
the  pay  roll,  consults  his  political  backers,  the  local 
oi-  interior  bosses  of  the  party,  and  then  begins  to 
wield  his  official  axe.  In  the  course  of  a  year  or  two 
he  has  turned  out  all  he  can  well  discharge,  and  then 
begin  his  own  troubles.  Two  or  three  thousand  men 
and  women  asked  to  be  appointed.  Only  one  hun- 
dred or  perhaps  one  hundred  and  fifty  received  ap- 
pointments. For  every  lucky  applicant  there  are 
fifty  who  fail  to  get  in  the  service;  and  now  they 
hate  the  superintendent.  Under  the  spoils  system 
he  has  done  his  best.  But  what  a  failure  !  What 
an  army  of  enemies  rises  up  to  curse  him  up  hill  and 
down  !  Looking  back,  we  can  all  remember  how 
Gen.  La  Grange  raised  an  army  of  political  foes: 
how  Henry  L.  Dodge  hail  to  withstand  the  assaults 
of  a  Congressman  because  there  were  not  offices 
enough  in  the  Mint  for  the  friends  of  Mr.  Page;  and 
now  the  present  superintendent — Mr.  Daggett — is 
having  the  lash  laid  on  his  back.  It  seems  that  he 
had  political  ambitions,  and  they  tell  us  that  he  used 
the  Mint  to  forward  his  aspirations.  Under  the 
spoils  system  it  would  be  strange  if  he  did  not  try  to 
favor  himself  a  little  while  helping  others.  Gen. 
Dimond  had  an  ambition  also  to  be  Governor,  but 
Mint  patronage  buried  him.  The  bosses  could  not 
get  places  enough,  and  so  an  army  of  disappointed 
ones  are  ready  to  down  him.  He  suffered.  Mr. 
Daggett  is  now  the  object  of  their  hatred.  It  is  as 
it  has  been  and  will  be  until  service  in  the  Mint  shall 
depend  upon  honesty,  efficiency  and  good  conduct 
instead  of  political  service. 

Another  vicious  result  of  the  spoils  system  in  the 
Mint  is  its  demoralizing  influence  on  the  men  theive 
employed.  So  long  as  they  have  the  backing  of 
some  boss  or  Congressman,  they  feel  secure,  no 
matter  how  they  deport  themselves.  The  superin- 
tendent himself  or  the  coiner  or  assayer  cannot  hold 
the  man  to  the  same  rigid  rule  as  others  are  held 
because  he  has  a  pull.  Mint  officers  could  give  some 
information  on  this  subject  that  emphasizes  this 
statement. 

The  insecurity  which  one  feels  iu  the  Mint  service 
when  a  new  superintendent  starts  the  official 
guillotine  unfits  him  for  work.  He  becomes  ineffi- 
cient, and  time  that  should  be  given  to  the  Govern- 


ment is  spent  seeking  to  get  some  influence  to   pre- 
vent his  removal. 

The  tyrranical  power  of  the  spoils  system  is  wielded 
with  telling  effect  just  before  a  general  election.  In 
spite  of  the  law  which  forbids  political  assessments 
to  be  made  upon  people  in  the  Mint,  the  superin- 
tendent decides  for  each  employe  what  he  should 
give  to  run  the  campaign,  and  contrives  to  let 
it  be  known  that  if  it  is  not  paid  he  will  be  dis- 
missed. 

The  superintendent  does  not  assess  openly,  but  for 
all  practical  purposes  he  might  as  well  do  so.  •"  The 
law  is  a  dead  letter.  The  poor  man  who  works  for 
$75  or  $100  a  month,  and  earns  it,  who  needs  it  for 
his  family,  has  no  option.  He  is  told  that  the  com- 
mittee has  put  him  down  $50  for  the  party  expenses. 
He  pays  it,  swears  about  and  denounces  it,  but  all 
the  same  he  pays  it  in  order  to  save  his  position. 
The  feus  of  thousands  raised  in  this  way  out.  of  the 
Mint  and  other  Government  institutions,  through  the 
committees,  is  a  big  fund  manipulated  for  the  benefit 
of  the  bosses. 

The  San  Francisco  Mint  has  been  used  by  the 
spoilsmen  and  bosses  for  a  quarter  of  a  century,  as 
no  other  Mint  in  the  country  has  been  used,  unless  it 
be  the  Mint  at  Carson.  Andrew  Mason,  a  life-long 
Democrat,  has  had  charge  of  the  New  York  Assay 
Office  for  a  third  of  a  century,  through  all  adminis- 
trations. He  has  never  allowed  politics  to  run  his 
office,  and  when  the  bosses  have  asked  him  to  allow 
the  employes  there  to  be  assessed  he  is  said  to  have 
a  waste-basket  for  all  such  letters. 

The  Civil  Service  law  should  be  extended  to  the 
San  Francisco  Mint.  It  would  promote  efficiency, 
tend  to  economy,  exalt  the  character  of  the  service, 
and  would  be  a  boon  to  its  superintendent.  It  would 
make  him  a  superintendent  in  fact,  be  a  welcome 
change,  to  all  the  officers  of  that  institution  and  a 
great  benefit  to  the  people. 


The  Sacramento  Record- Union  has  begun  a  new 
crusade  against  hydraulic  mining  and  daily  devotes 
considerable  space  to  opposing  the  only  present  pay- 
ing industry  in  the  State.  Our  Sacramento  contem- 
porary argues  that  hydraulic  mining  is  destructive  to 
the  State,  demoralizing  to  those  who  so  mine,  im- 
moral in  its  workings  and  tendencies,  and  a  bad 
thing  generally.  These  are  matters  of  opinion,  and, 
of  course,  the  Record-Union  has  a  right  to  be  wrong. 
But  it  has  no  right  to  make  statements  that  are  un- 
true. It  publishes  editorially,  and  reiterates  a  great 
many  things,  in  ignorance  or  defiance  of  the  facts;  it 
misquotes  history,  distorts  statements,  garbles  rec- 
ords, and  throughout  evinces  more  of  a  desire  to  lie 
false  and  malicious  than  fair  or  candid.  Those  utter- 
ances are  in  painful  contrast  to  its  usual  dignified 
and  courteous  manner,  and  can  only  arouse  a  feeling 
of  regret  that  a  journal  which  has  so  often  reproved 
reckless  mendacity  in  others  should  descend  to  such 
low  levels  of  journalism  itself.  The  cause  it  cham- 
pions must  indeed  be  a  weak  one  when  it  fails  to  cite 
argument  or  truth,  and  contents  itself  with  utter- 
ances that  are  in  direct  opposition  to  the  facts  and 
apparently  made  only  to  foment  prejudice  and  an- 
tagonize interests  that  are  gradually  and  amicably 
uniting.  As  for  answering  the  Record- Union' s  recent 
statements,  they  have  long  since  been  completely 
and  effectually  answered  by  the  logic  of  events.  It  is 
hoped  that  its  madness  is  but  temporary.  If  it  will 
drop  direct  falsehood  and  manifest  exaggeration, 
and  deal  with  this  subject  as  a  decent  journal  should, 
its  adverse  commeuts  will  receive  attention  and  an- 
swer, which  its  present  ravings  neither  deserve  nor 
require. 

Not  content  with  South  African  opportunities  for 
investment  in  mining  shares  or  snares,  the  eager 
Parisian  public  is  at  present  embracing  another 
golden  opportunity.  The  auriferous  black  sands  of 
New  Zealand  also  engage  favorable  attention,  and  a 
Lieutenant  Bassett  tells  his  mercurial  French 
friends  that  on  a  capital  of  £70,000  they  will  make 
an  annual  profit  of  £86,000  for  ten  years.  The 
account  naively  says  that  "Monsieur  Bassett  has 
hit  upon  an  ingenious  idea  of  separating  the  iron 
sands  from  the  gold  by  magnetic  attraction."  The 
hundreds  who  long  ago  hit  upon  the  same  idea  here 
will  view  "  Monsieur  Bassett's  "  New  Zealand  prog- 
ress .with  considerable  interest. 


April  20,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


243 


Concentrates. 


i 


Tin.  Bonanaa  mine  near  Baker  City,  Or.,  cleaned  up 
in  gold  in  March. 

■  •■s  iii  the  DeLamar  mine  of  Idaho  are  selling  In 
i,  at  81  shillings. 
Tua  Taylor  mine  >unty,  is  arranging  to  put  in 

another  i"  stamps,  making  1*0  in  ull. 

A  rich  ledge  of  free  gold  is  reported  from  the  Aekcnnan  ' 
mine,  three  miles  from  Auburn,  (Jul, 

Tur  Poorman,  al  Boise,  Idaho,  baa  180  men  on  its  pay  roll, 
the  monthly  disbursement  Is  about  $20,000. 

The  annual  meetings  of  the  Goieta.  Montecito  and  Sterling 
Mini;  have  been  called  for  May  8. 

Mining  Co.   have  put  in  a  Hammond   10- 
stampmlllal  their  mine  near  Baker  City,  Or. 

!0  gold  pieces  in  Rossland,   B.  C.,   and 
i  nage  is  at  a  premium. 
Wash.,  has  a  laudable  desire  to  have  sampling 
works  and  a  Government  assay  office  established  there. 

I  Spanish  mine  al  Washington,  Cal.,  is  to  be  opened  by 

■■.ill  have  a  new  mill  erected  on  the  prop- 
erty. 

II  m  men  in  Douglas  Co.,   Wash.,   are  re- 

Ing  outfits   ready    to  rush   to  the    Methow 
mines. 
Tbe Reward  Go)d  Mining  Company  of  Nevada  county  has 
i    an    assessment    of    BJ-J  cents  per  share,   delinquent 

Prhlimikahi  arrangements  are  reported  for  amalgamation 
of  all  tho  miners'  unions  in  Colorado,  Wyoming,  Utah  and 
Mew  Mexico. 

A  new  rate  of  $«  per  ton  on  ore  from  Spokane   to  Everett, 
8.50  to  Great  Palls,  Mont.,  has  been  put  in  effect  by  the 
i  (real  Northern. 

Tub  Idaho  Springs,  Col.,  Gazette  says  the  recent  reduction 
in  the  price  of  smelting  around  there  means  all  the  way  from 
$4  to  *-iu  per  ton  to  the  miner. 

Aa  sear  as  can  be  ascertained,  it  is  believed  that  there  are 
now  17,000  men  engaged  in  mining  iu  the  three  States  of  Cali- 
fornia, Oregon  and  Washington. 

There  is  talk  again  of  the  starting  of  a  smelter  in  Prescott, 
Arizona.  This  has  been  talked  of  off  and  on  for  years,  but 
the  present  talk  sounds  business-like. 

RiCB  inn  PfiELW.  superintendent  of  the  Gold  Ridge  mine, 
tells  the  Grass  Valley  Union  that  the  company  intends  to  erect 
a  4o-si;wnp  mill  some  time  this  summer. 

A  Michigan  Bluff,  Cal.,  correspondent  says  that  Chinamen 
are  again  employed  at  the  Hidden  Treasure  mine  at  Sunny 
South— about  25  of  them  at  §1.50  per  day. 

New  hoisting  works,  etc.,  are  to  be  bought  by  Supt.  Nihel. 
for  the  Brunswick  mine  at  Nevada  City,  the  recent  strike  at 
the  800-foot  level  justifying  the  expenditure. 

Baker  City,  Or.,  men  repoit  that  the  Belleville  mine  will 
so  p  be  sold  to  Eastern  parties  for  $200,000.  The  full  devel- 
opment of  that  mine  would  put  200  men  to  work. 

After  paying  9500,000  in  assessments  the  Le  Noria  Silver 
.Mining  Company  of  Mexico  with  bead  office  in  Pittsburg,  has 
passed  into  the  hands  of  W.  I.  Munstin  of  that  city. 

Under  a  law  passed  by  the  Arizona  legislature,  a  heavy 
penalty  is  attached  to  the  "  salting"  of  a  mine  for  the  purpose 
of  deceiving  any  one  as  to  the  value  of  the  ore  it  contains. 

.1.  White  of  Baker  City,  Or.,  hasa  contract  for  constructing  a 
water  ditch  from  Jordan  creek  to  the  Chicago  Company's 
placer  mines  on  Burnt  river,  a  distance  of  two  and  a  quarter 
miles. 

Oregon  prospectors  report  a  good  gold  country  between 
Burnt  river  and  the  bend  of  Snake  river,  about  twelve  miles 
north  of  Huntington,  and  say  that  free-milling  gold  ledges  are 
plenty. 

A  dispatch  from  Weaverville,  Trinity  Co.,  states  that  a 
wagonload  of  Japanese  laborers,  going  to  Big  Bar  to  work 
near  there,  were  stopped  at  Junction  City  by  miners  and 
sent  back. 

A  Colusa  county  man  writes  to  the  Examiner  for  informa- 
tion as  to  where  he  can  get  a  needle  "  used  by  miners  for  the 
discovery  of  gold."  A  haystack  would  be  a  suitable  place  for 
him  to  look. 

Thirteen  Corns  toe  k  miners  leave  here  on  the  24th  for  the 
Candelaria  mine,  San  Demis,  Durango,  Mexico,  in  the  employ 
of  S.  Treglone  who  has  a  $30,000  contract  to  run  a  2,500  foot 
tunnel  there. 

The  Sentinel  says  for  the  month  ending  March  31st,  more 
than  $1,000,000  pounds  of  sulphurets  were  loaded  at  Colfax, 
consigned  to  the  Selby  Smelting  Works  in  this  city  and  to 
Everett,  Washington. 

Stocks  were  quoted  in  San  Francisco,  June  15,  1866,  as  fol- 
lows: Chollar-Potosi  $200,  Imperial  8112.50,  Gould  &.  Curry 
$750,  Hale  &  Norcross  $960,  Savage  $1010,  Belcher  $195,  Yellow 
Jacket  $695,  Ophir  $345. 

The  Carson  River  Placer  Mining  Company  that  works  the 
dredge  near  Dayton,  Nev.,  recently  illustrated  herein,  started 
up  its  plant  last  week.  About  twenty  men  are  employed, 
and  it  is  said  that  the  results  ai*e  highly  encouraging. 

The  County  Clerk  of  Coos  county,  Or.,  says  the  Coast  Mail, 
receiver!  a  United  States  patent  to  record,  last  week,  convey- 
ing 125,409,  45-100  acres  of  land  in  that  county  to  the  Oregon 
and  California  railroad  company. 

The  four-stamp  quartz  mill  of  John  Sipp  &.  Co.,  near  Blue 
Canyon,  Cal.  has  been  crushing  ore  all  winter.  They  are 
working  what  is  familiarly  known  as  the  old  Red  Stone  quartz 
ledge,  and  will  soon  put  on  more  men. 

The  Orr  Extension  Ditch  Company  of  Reno,  Nev.,  haslevied 
an  assessment  of  $15;  delinquent  May  26.  The  North  Banner 
Consolidated  Tunnel  Mining  Company  of  Nevada  County  has 
levied  one  of  3  cents,  delinquent  May  14. 

Land  Commissioner  Lamoreaux  has  issued  instructions  to 
the  mineral  land  surveyors  in  Montana  and  Idaho,  recently  ap- 
pointed by  the  President,  to  organize  by  the  25th' of  this 
mouth  and  be  ready  for  busiuess  by  May  1st. 

Mining  reports  from  about  Yale,  B.  C,  show  considerable 
activity  there.  Yale  bar,  across  the  Yale,  is  being  worked.by 
a  company  with  plenty  of  capital.     Preparations  are  making 


5  i  wash creek  mines.     Al   the  mouth  of  tin 
yon  white  men  are  rocking  oui  I  >rday. 

A  ■  OMPBRBXCBOf  Tasmaniaii  miners  has  resolved  that  every 
hould  have  a  life  interesl  of  t    p  I  he  net 

returns  of  minerals  won  from  any  mine  or  mines  he  may  have 
discovered,  Buch  Interest  not  to  be  transferable. 

To  ebb  has  been  no  i  hange  In  the  Law   relative   to   I  hi 
lation  $100  woi  on   mining  claims. 

So  claim  holders  have  till  December  31st,   1895,   Inclush 
do  their  assessment  work  for  the  current  year. 

h  Is  said  on  good  authority  that  a  party  of  French  capital- 
ists ha  Quesnelle  river  to  look  at  mining  claims 
owned  by  the  Seal  tie  company,  says  the  Victoria  Colnntot,  If 
the  mines  are  as  represented  a  transfer  will  take  place. 

Dr.  Lanuiiammer  is  investigating  the  prospects  of  the  St. 
Helens  mining  district  in  Lewis  county.  Wash.  He  repre- 
sents Pabst,  the  millionaire  brewer  of  Milwaukee,  and  other 
eastern  capitalists,  who  have  options  on  properties  in  that  dis- 
trict. 

The  old  pump  at  the  900  level  of  the  Providence,  Nevada 
Co.,  mine  has  broken  down  and  will  have  to  be  replaced  with 
a  new  one.  In  consequence  of  the  break-dowu  and  the  ne- 
cessity of  changing  the  pump,  some  of  the  miners  have  been 
laid  off  temporarily. 

Superintendent  Parks,  of  the  Kennedy  mine,  says  that  the 
account  in  an  Amador  paper  last  week  of  a  half  ton  of  rock 
from  the  Kennedy  going  $130,000,  is  a  no  such  thing.  While 
the  Kennedy  has  rich  ore  they  are  not  "refining  it  at  the 
chlorination  works." 

The  annual  gold  boom  has  struck  the  Copalis,  Wash.,  beach. 
Ten  tons  of  sand  were  shipped  here  recently,  and  if  that 
amouut  of  sand  turns  out  as  much  mineral  in  proportion  as  one 
ton  did  that  was  shipped  here  some  time  ago,  20 or 30 machines 
will  be  shipped  up  immediately. 

Fifty  men  are  at  present  working  in  the  West  Harmony 
drift  gravel  mine,  Nevada  Co.  The  fifteen-stamp  mill  runs 
steadily  seven  days  a  week.  Superintendent  Gassaway  con- 
siders that  by  careful  management  gravel  going  eighty-live 
cents  to  the  car  can  be  made  pay. 

The  Denver  commissioners  have  voted  9100,000  in  aid  of  the 
mining  and  industrial  exposition  to  be  given  there.  The  city 
will  appropriate  $75,000  or  $100,000,  and  Congress  will  be 
asked  to  appropriate  $250,000.  Eighty  acres  in  and  around  the 
city  park  have  been  chosen  as  a  site  for  the  exposition. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Champion  Mining  Company 
the  following  officers  and  board  of  directors  were  elected  :  Gus 
Kartschoke,  president;  H.  Mohr.  vice-president;  J.  S.  Ott,  J. 
Moock,  J.  Assion,  Joseph  S.  Schuster,  Dr.  A.  Wilhelm,  Fred- 
erick Zeitler,  superintendents;  J. F.  Holling,  secretary. 

An  item  is  traveling  around  to  the  effect  that  the  United 
Verde,  Jerome,  Arizona,  "produces  annually  1,500,000  ounces 
of  gold,  7,000,000  ounces  of  silver,  9,000,000  pounds  of  copper." 
The  copper  proposition  is  all  right,  but  the  other  figures  would 
be  nearer  the  truth  were  the  three  right  hand  ciphers 
dropped. 

At  Gem,  Idaho,  the  Frisco  mine  is  running  with  about  100 
men,  sinking  and  crosscuttiug  fine  ore.  At  the  200-foot  level 
a  70-foot  vein  of  galena  ore  was  uncovered.  The  Gem  is  now 
sinking,  doing  considerable  development  work,  and  making 
repairs.  They  expect  to  begin  active  operations  shortly  with 
a  full  force  of  men. 

Advices  from  Osboru,  Idaho,  are  to  the  effect  that  trouble 
is  feared  between  the  miners'  union  of  the  Cceur  d'Alenes 
and  the  manager  of  the  Bunker  Hill  and  Sullivan  mines, 
"should  he  decide  to  start  up  the  mines  or  even  openly  offer 
to  do  so  on  the  company's  proposed  scale  of  §3  per  day  for 
miners  and  $2.50  for  shovelers." 

A  London  cablegram  says  the  appeal  of  the  Cassel  (i. Id- 
Extracting  Company  of  Glasgow  from  a  decision  of  the  lower 
court  against  the  validity  of  its  patent  for  the  cyanide  pro- 
cess of  treating  refractory  ores  has  been  dismissed,  but  that, 
by  an  amendment  of  the  specifications  of  the  patent,  the  de- 
fect held  by  the  Court  to  exist  can  be  cured. 

The  Marlow  Mining  and  Development  Company  has  incor- 
porated at  Sacramento,  "  to  do  general  mining  and  to  buy  and 
sell  water  for  mining  purposes  in  Tuolumne  county."  Capital 
stock,  $300,000.  Directors — J.  Graham,  Forest  Home;  F.  J. 
Cross,  Tuttletown ;  C.  E.  Weinrieh,  A.  P.  Scheld,  T.  L.  En- 
right,  W.  W.  Andersen  and  G.  D.  Stewart,  Sacramento. 

Two  experienced  miners  went  to  the  old  Mauzanita  mine, 
near  Nevada  City,  on  Tuesday  with  pans  and  pushed  over  a 
large  boulder,  beneath  which  was  a  small  quantity  of  gravel. 
The  first  panful  of  dirt  yielded  $40;  the  second,  $50;  while 
they  secured  $8  from  the  tailings.  The  Tidings  says  they 
would  like  to  find  some  more  boulders  waiting  to  be  pushed 
over. 

Colorado  papers  say  that  smelters  are  preparing  for  a  great 
increase  in  the  visible  supply  of  silver,  which  has  been  ex- 
ceedingly scarce  for  a  year  or  more.  They  have  agents  in  all 
the  mountain  towns,  and  they  report  that  miners  of  silver 
are  returning  to  their  properties  that  were  shut  down  after 
the  slump,  and  are  preparing  to  take  advantage  of  the  pres- 
ent advance. 

The  Deadwood  Pioneer  says  the  Holy  Terror  deal  has  been 
consummated  on  the  following  terms :  The  Chicago  parties 
deposit  $25,000,  sink  the  shaft  300  feet  on  the  ledge,  and  also 
deposit  the  amount  of  gold  taken  out  while  sinking.  If,  when 
the  shaft  has  reached  a  depth  of  300  they  decide  to  buy  the 
mine,  they  pay  the  owners  $125,000.  If  not,  they  forfeit  the 
$25,000  deposit  and  all  the  mineral  taken  out  while  sinking. 

Of  Cripple  Creek,  Colorado,  Ores  and  Metals  says :  A  mining 
man  who  paid  $9.75  a  ton  for  treating  his  ore  in  Denver  in 
combine  days,  now  pays  $5.  The  stamp  mill  ore  treated  in 
the  district  averages  $10  per  ton  caught  on  the  plates  and 
concentrates  and  that  treated  by  chlorination  averages  $30. 
It  is  intimated  that  the  reduction  works,  recently  completed 
at  Florence,  are  not  suitable  for  the  treatment  of  Cripple 
Creek  ores. 

When  Col.  F.  R.  Morton  was  killed  at  the  Cananeas  prop- 
erty in  Sonora,  Mexico,  he  left  some  money  in  the  bank  at  No- 
gales,  Arizona,  which  has  been  administered  upon.  E.  Self, 
assayer  there  with  Col.  Morton,  will  push  work  on  the  mine. 
The  terms  of  the  sale  of  the  property  are  understood  to  be 
$50,000  in  two  months,  with  development  to  be  done  in  the 
meantime  to  the  extent  of  $300  per  mouth.  The  property  be- 
longs to  Mrs.  Pesquera.  About  $20,000  has  already  been  paid 
on  the  property.     The  buyers  are  the  Heinz.Brothers  of  New 


heavy  copper  owners   in   Montana.    The  property    was 
abandoned  a1    the   time  •■!'  the  killiui  lerintendent 

twelve  years  ago. 

Tin:  Nevada  Silver  Mining  Company,  with  headquarters  in 
Chicago,  ami  mines  in  Tem  1'ahute.  have  issi  ■  m  the 

prop  rtj  totheamounl  of  $1,050,000 in  nve  series,  bearinj 
terest.  Thebondsare  in  amounts  from  1500  and  upwards. 
The  property  consists  of  a  ffroup  of  seven  silver  mines,  and 
are  generally  regarded  valuable.  This  system  is  a  new  de- 
e  in  the  manipulation  of  mining,  and  its  results  are 
looked  forward  to  with  considerable  interest 

Tub  official  returns  of  tfa v  worked  and  tho  bullion  pro- 
duced at  the  Nevada  milt  for  the  Chnllar  Mining  Company  f..r 
March  shows  that  830  tons  were  worked,  yielding  bullion  of 
the  gross  assay  value  of  $10,661  3&  The  cost  of  reduction 
was$i,930.  The  net  proceeds  in  bullion  were  valuedat.su, 
277  14.  The  average  assay  of  the  ore  per  ton  was  $■_»;  ;»;.  Tin- 
gross  average  per  ton  was  $23  98.  The  net  average  was  si;  9S 
per  ton.  The  mill  worked  the  ore  up  to  B9.2  per  cent,  of  its 
assay  value. 

The  following  is  from  last  Wednesday's  Sacramento  !*•■  : 
"The  Executive  Committee  of  the  State  Anti-Debris  Associa 
tion  met  in  this  city  yesterday  afternoon.  It  was  reported 
that  Heustler's  dam,  near  Columbia  Hill,  Nevada  county,  had 
broken,  and  that  quantities  of  debris  were  passing  through 
the  break  and  down  the  river  channels.  The  break  is  forts 
feet  wide.  The  North  Bloomneld  dam,  it  was  reported,  had 
also  broken,  with  the  same  result,  the  debris  which  it  bad 
been  holding  back  now  passing  down  into  the  Yuba  river." 

The  Madera,  Cal.,  Mercury  says:  Tax  Collector  L.  W. 
Krohn  brought  with  him  from  Coarse  Gold  about  $000  worth  of 
gold  dust.  He  stated  that  the  gold  was  brought  to  his  store 
by  squaws  and  given  to  him  in  exchange  for  provisions  and 
clothing.  The  gold  was  found  in  the  gullies  about  Coarse 
Gold.  This  is  the  only  kind  of  currency  the  Indians  possess. 
Whenever  the  Indians  want  some  food  or  clothes  they  go  out 
into  a  gulley  and  scrape  upa  little  gold  which  has  been  washed 
down  by  the  streams  or  by  the  rains.  Mr.  Krohn  says  that 
the  statement  that  gold  can  be  picked  upabout  Coarse* Gold  is 
literally  true. 

Regarding  the  Comstock,  last  Wednesday's  Virginia  En- 
terprise says:  "The.  situation  in  the  Con.  Virginia,  which 
was  fully  described  in  the  last  letter  of  Superintendent 
Lyman,  is  creating  much  enthusiasm  in  mining  circles.  So 
far  as  known  the  new  ore  body  which  is  being  followed  and 
which  is  apparently  improving  as  progress  is  made  on  it.  is 
not  interfered  with  by  any  old  workings.  There  is  now 
enough  ore  in  sight  to  warrant  starting  the  mill  soon,  and  the 
proceeds  from  the  new  body  will  reach  a  very  respectable 
figure.  There  is  little  news  to  be  obtained  from  the  other 
mines  on  the  lode." 

Director  of  the  Mint  Preston  has  received  a  report  from 
Andrew  Mason,  Inspector  of  the  United  StatesMints,  stating 
that  the  actual  gold  shortage  iu  the  Carson  Mint  is  $75,499  T :. 
No  further  shortage  is  expected  to  be  found,  as  the  amount 
stated  is  the  result  of  nearly  two  months'  careful  investiga- 
tion. John  F.  Jones,  the  assistant  melter  and  refiner,  who  is 
under  arrest  in  connection  with  the  shortage,  was  suspended 
from  duty  April  0th  and  will  be  dismissed  from  the  service. 
Other  arrests  are  expected  to  follow.  The  bond  of  the  melter 
and  refiner  is  $20,000  and  of  the  assistant  $10,000.  It  is  prob- 
able the  Carson  Mint  will  be  closed  permanently. 

W.  Brown,  manager  aud  principal  owner  of  the  Volcanic 
Mountain  claim,  on  the  north  fork  of  Kettle  river,  Montana, 
says  the  tunnel  which  is  being  driven  by  himself  and  assist- 
ants to  tap  the  vein  on  the  claim  is  now  in  a  distance  of  300 
feet.  If  they  are  successful  in  striking  a  large  body  of  ore 
their  reward  will  be  represented,  not  by  hundreds  of  dollars, 
but  by  hundreds  of  thousands,  as  Mr.  Brown  considers  that 
the  day  they  strike  the  ledge  with  the  tunnel  this  same  claim 
will  be  worth  to  them  a  million  dollars.  This  mode  of  devel- 
oping their  property  is  certainly  a  departure  from  the  general 
methods  adopted  by  the  average  run  of  prospectors. 

— They  do  things  iu  Australia  that  seem  queer  from  a 
California  standpoint.  The  following  is  from  the  Australian 
Mining  Standard:  "Mr.  John  Freeman,  a  mining  manager 
at  Wandiligoug,  has  had  a  decidedly  unpleasant  experience 
of  the  power  of  law  costs.  Having  spent  two  years  in 
experimenting  with  the  cyanide  process  of  gold  extraction, 
Mr.  Freeman  was  summoned  to  tell  the  South  African  Com- 
mission, now  sitting  in  Melbourne,  what  he  knew  of  the 
matter.  Mr.  Freeman  was  willing  to  do  this  on  payment  of 
£150;  and,  as  he  stated  himself,  the  information  "was  cheap 
at  the  price."  The  Commission,  however,  took  another  view, 
refused  to  pay  the  money,  and  applied  to  the  court  to  compel 
Mr.  Freeman  to  unbosom  his  cyanide  secrets.  Mr.  Justice 
Hodges  ordered  Mr.  Freeman  to  gaol  if  he  persisted  in  his 
refusal  to  give  evidence,  and  directed  him  to  pay  the  cost  of 
the  proceedings.  The  judge  takes  the  view  that  even  if  his 
research  cost  Mr.  Freeman  time  and  money,  he  is  bound  tu 
give  the  administration  of  justice  the  benefit  of  it." 


Personal. 

Prof.  Potter  of  the  Washington  University,  president  of 
the  Mining  Engineers'  Association  and  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  Smelting  Company,  is  examining  mining  property  in 
Inyo  county. 

W.  W.  Waggoner  has  accepted  the  position  of  assistant  en- 
gineer for  the  California  Debris  Commission  vice  W.  B. 
Storey,  Jr.,  resigned. 

H.  A.  Woods,  of  the  Woods  Investment.  Co.,  who  has  been 
in  Lower  Cal.  for  some  weeks,  has  gone  to  Seattle,  Wash. 

Obituary. 


J.  W.  Howell,  foreman  of  the  Copper  Queen  Con.  mine  at 
Bisbee,  Arizona,  died  last  week. 

Prof.  James  Dwight  Dana,  author  and  scientist,  of  Yale 
University,  died  at  New  Haven,  Conn.,  last  Sunday,  in  the 
82nd  year  of  his  age.  In  1S37  he  published  "A  System  of 
Mineralogy,"  a  work  of  high  repute.  He  accompanied  Lieut. 
Wilke's  exploring  expedition  in  1838-42.  During  succeeding 
years  he  wrote  a  number  of  works  on  geology,  mineralogy  and 
kindred  subjects.  For  many  years  he  published  the  American 
Jonrnal  of  Science  and  Art.  He  was  a  member  of  many 
learned  societies  in, this  country  and  in  Europe. 


244 


Characteristic 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  20,  1895. 


Features  of    California 
Quartz  Veins. 


Gold 


NlMilUK   III.— CONCLUDED. 


Read  before    ino  Geological    Society   or    America  by    WAI.DEMAK 
Liniigren,  December  29,  1894. 

Along  the  mother  lode  the  altered  serpentine  has 
been  variously  interpreted.  Whitney  inclined  to  the 
belief  that  the  vein  represented  a  stratum  of 
siliciiied  dolomite,  a  theory  that  has  not  been  sup- 
ported by  more  detailed  investigation.  Fairbanks, 
who  some  years  ago  carefully  examined  the  mother 
lode,  considered  it  at  first  as  vein  matter  deposited 
in  open  fissures,  but  regarded  it  subsequently  (as 
the  needed,  once  open  space  would  manifestly  have 
been  too  large,  in  places  several  hundred  feet)  as  an 
altered,  coarsely  crystalline  basic  rock.  The  latter 
theory,  while  nearer  the  truth,  is  unnecessary.  A 
careful  investigation  will  not  fail  to  disclose  the  fact 
that  the  mixture  of  carbonates  and  mariposite  is 
nothing  but  an  altered  serpentine,  and  abundant 
transitions  may  be  found  to  prove  this.  A  locality 
showing  this  plainly  is  the  App  mine  at  Quartz 
mountain,  Tuolumne  county.  This  conversion  is  not 
astonishing  when  the  facility  is  considered  with 
which  the  serpentine  is  decomposed  by  carbonated 
waters  into  magnesite  and  chalcedonic  quartz.  Ex- 
periments by  C.  Doelter  show  that  while  at  ordi- 
nary temperature  and  pressure  water  containing 
carbon-dioxide  will,  with  simultaneous  decomposition 
and  formation  of  carbonates,  dissolve  0.3  per  cent 
orthoclase  and  0.5  per  cent  oligoclase,  serpentine 
will  be  dissolved  at  the  rate  of  1.24  per  cent. 

The  large  bodies   of  decomposed   rock   previously 
referred  to  as  containing  impregnations   of   aurifer- 
ous pyrites  and   rarely   free   gold   are   in   many   re- 
spects interesting.     In  the  ferruginous  outcrops  the 
iron  pyrites  is  usually  converted  into  ferric  hydrox- 
ide and  the  gold  set  free;  the  whole   mass   can   then 
sometimes  be  profitably  mined  and  milled,  though  it 
is  of  very  low  grade.     Veins  and  seams  of  quartz  are 
often  entirely  absent  in  these  impregnated  zones.    In 
the  cases  which  have   come   under  my   observation 
the  action  on  the  rock  is  much  the  same  as  in  the  de- 
composed wall-rocks   of   the   veins — that  is,  there  is 
an   abundance   of    carbonates   and   iron   pyrites   in 
sharp  edged,  little  crystals.     While   there   is   abun- 
dant evidence  of  replacement  by  carbonates,  I  have 
not  yet  seen   anything  proving   a   replacement   by 
quartz,  though  the  possibility  of  such  a  process  can- 
not  be   denied.     However,    in    these    deposits    the 
action  of  the  solution   on   the   rock-forming  minerals 
must  have  produced  much  free  silica  in  solution  and 
probably  also  much  sodic  silicate;  in  fact,   there  are 
in   these   deposits    occasional    masses    of    singular, 
grayish  quartz  very  different  from  the  ordinary  vein 
quartz    and     probably     partly     chalcedonic.       This 
quartz  often  contains  iron  pyrites  in  small  scattered 
crystals,  and  appears  to  represent  in   part   residual 
masses  from  leaching,  in  part  deposition  from  super- 
saturated  silicious    waters.     H.  W.   Fairbanks  has 
recently  described  two  deposits  in  El  Dorado  county, 
the  Big  Canyon  and  the  Shaw  mines,   as  showing  in 
marked   degree    the   replacement  of   the   rocks   by . 
silica.     Though  the  latter  mine  was  not  worked  dur- 
ing my  examination  of  the  Placerville  sheet.  I   have, 
through  the  kindness   of  Mr.    H.    W.    Turner,    had 
occasion  to  examine  an  excellent  suite  of  specimens, 
lately  collected.     The  vein  is  partly  in    black    slate, 
partly  in  a  feldspathic  dike.     Both  rocks  contain  an 
abundance   of  stringers   and   seams  of  quartz   and 
calcite,  but  I  fail  to  see   any   evidence   of   the   wall- 
rock  by  the  former  mineral.     On    the   contrary,  the 
porphyritie  dike  is  to   a    very   marked   degree   con- 
verted into  carbonates  in  the  vicinity  of  the  veins. 
Regarding  the  Big  Canyon  mine,    I   have   seen   only 
two  specimens  of  greenstone  impregnated  by  pyrite 
from  this  mine,  and  collected  by  Mr.  H.  W.  Turner. 
These  specimens  show  carbonization   to   a   consider- 
able  extent,    but   no   evidence    of    replacement   by 
silica.    It  is  not  intended  to  deny  that  such  a  process 
may  take  place,  but  only  to  point  out  that  it  is  some- 
thing requiring   more  and  more  detailed  investiga- 
tion.    Calcite  is  found   pseudomorphic  after  an  enor- 
mously  large  number  of    minerals,    while    pseudo- 
morphs  of  quartz  after  other  minerals  are  much  less 
common. 

The  country  rock  altered  to  carbonates,  standing 
in  strong  contrast  to  the  vein  filled  nearly  ex- 
clusively by  quartz,  affords  a  much-needed  key  to 
the  genetic  processes  of  the  deposits.  It  shows, 
first,  that  besides  silica,  the  water  circulating  in  the 
fissures  contained  large  amounts  of  carbon-dioxide, 
as  well  as  dissolved  calcic  carbonate.  It  certainly 
contained  sodium  as  carbonate  taken  up  from  the 
feldspars  of  the  adjoining  rocks,  probably  also  as 
silicate  and  chloride.  It  further  contained  sulphur, 
in  what  form  is  not  certain,  but  most  probably  as 
sulphuretted  hydrogen  or  as  sulpho  -  salts.  The 
presence  of  large  quantities  of  sulphates  does  not 
appear  probable. 

Waters  of  this  composition,  containing  abundant 
carbon-dioxide,  are  only  known  in  nature  as  ascend- 
ing, usually  hot  springs.  The  process  of  deposition 
took  place  as  follows: 

At  first  the  carbonated  waters  began  to  act  with 
great  energy  on  the  soluble  minerals  in  the  wall- 
rocks  of  the  fissures,  converting  them  more  or  less 


completely  into  a  mixture  of  carbonates,  potassium- 
micas  and  pyrites,  adding  calcium-carbonate  and 
sulphur,  probably  also  potassium,  to  them,  and 
abstracting  sodium.  Finally,  this  process  being- 
completed,  and  the  walls  usually  coated  with 
crystals  of  carbonates,  the  formation  of  the  latter 
ceased,  and  in  this  surrounding  of  carbonates  the 
silica  now  began  to  be  deposited,  and  with  it  the 
gold  and  the  rest  of  the  metallic  sulphides. 

A  most  interesting  question  in  connection  with 
this  subject  is,  why  the  walls  should,  to  such  a  large 
extent,  act  as  a  separating  barrier  for  the  gold  and 
most  of  the  sulphides.  Mr.  G.  F.  Becker,  in  discuss- 
ing the  quicksilver  deposits  of  the  Pacific  coast,  has 
suggested  that  this  may  be  due  to  an  osmotic 
action,  transmitting  through  the  septum  only  the 
chemically  active  solutions. 

Admitting  that  the  gold-quartz  veins  were  de- 
posited by  such  mineral  waters,  the  next  question  is, 
in  what  form  the  gold  and  other  metals  were  in  solu- 
tion. While  not  intending  to  enter  into  a  detailed 
discussion  of  the  difficult  problems  associated  with 
the  question,  1  would  like  to  call  attention  to  a  few 
general  facts  connected  with  them.  Gold  is  soluble 
at  200°  Centigrade  in  a  10  per  cent  solution  of  car- 
bonate of  sodium  to  the  extent  of  1.33  per  cent 
(Doelter),  while  silver  is  hardly  attacked.  Silicates 
of  alkalies  dissolve  gold  at  250°  Centigrade  to  the 
smaller  extent  of  0.101  (Doelter  and  Liversidge). 
Besides,  gold  is  more  or  less  soluble  in  a  great  many 
other  salts  (T.  Egleston).  G.  F.  Becker  has  shown 
the  solubility  of  gold  in  alkaline  sulphides,  and  the 
solubility  of  the  sulphides  of  Hg,  Fe,  Cu  and  Zn  in 
either  sodic  sulphide,  sodic  sulph-hydrate  or  sodic 
carbonate,  partly  saturated  with  sulphuretted 
hydrogen.  Silicate  of  gold,  the  existence  of  which 
was  first  suggested  by  G.  Bischof,  has  been  fre- 
quently mentioned  as  probably  contained  in  mineral 
waters;  but  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  ex- 
istence of  this  salt  has  never  been  proved.  It  ap- 
pears that  the  mentioned  facts  are  sufficient  to  show 
that  the  mineral  waters,  once  circulating  in  the 
quartz  veins  of  California,  may  easily  have  held  gold 
in  solution.  It  seems  of  questionable  use  to  specu- 
late on  the  particular  combination  in  which  the  gold 
is  contained  in  the.  water,  for,  according  to  the 
views  of  modern  chemistry,  watery  solutions,  when 
sufficiently  diluted,  contain  the  solids  in  a  state  of 
disassociation,  so  that  it  is  uncertain  whether  salts 
of  gold  could  exist  as  such  in  the  always  much 
diluted  natural  solutions. 

The  precipitation  of  the  solids  contained  in  the' 
solution  could  have  been  brought  about  by  many 
means,  such  as  diminution  of  pressure,  dilution, 
etcetera.  The  reducing  influence  of  carbonaceous 
slates,  so  often  maintained  as  the  probable  cause  of 
the  precipitation  of  the  gold,  appears  of  question- 
able importance.  Veins  entirely  in  massive  rooks 
and  far  away  from  any  sedimentary  areas  show  too 
much  similarity  with  those  in  such  areas  to  attrib- 
ute a  paramount  weight  to  this  argument. 

There  are  certain  interesting  analogies  between 
the  gold-quartz  veins  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  and  the 
quicksilver  deposits  of  the  Coast  ranges.  In  the 
Sierra  Nevada  the  association  of  minerals  is  native 
gold  with  predominating  quartzose  gaugue;  car- 
bonates in  the  wall-rocks;  next  in  importance,  iron 
pyrites  with  smaller  quantities  of  the  minerals  of 
copper,  lead,  zinc,  arsenic,  and  antimony;  quick- 
silver ores  are  occasionally  present.  In  the  Coast 
ranges  we  have  quicksilver  in  predominating 
quartzose,  and  to  some  extent  carbonate  gangue; 
next  in  importance,  iron  pyrites  with  smaller  quan- 
tities of  copper,  antimony,  arsenic,  and  nickel;  gold 
is  very  commonly  present. 

Regarding  the  rocks  adjoining  the  deposits,  Mr. 
Becker  says  they  "  have  in  many  cases  been  greatly 
modified.  Metamorphic  rocks  often  appear  to  have 
been  converted  into  or  replaced  by  more  or  less 
dolomitic  carbonates  by  the  action  of  solutions.  *  * 
Both  serpentine  and  the  metamorphic  rocks  seem 
to  be  subject  to  this  conversion." 

Containing  a  similar  association  of  metals,  similar 
gangue  and  similar  altered  country  rock,  it  seems 
justifiable  to  express  the  conviction  that  similar 
miueral  solutions  have  circulated  in  both  classes  of 
deposits:  and.  in  fact,  the  still  abundant  thermal 
waters  found  in  intimate  connection  with  the  ore  de- 
posits in  the  quicksilver  region  closely  correspond  in 
character  to  the  inferred  composition  of  the  once 
existing  hot  springs  of  the  gold  belt.  They  all  show 
free  carbonic  acid,  as  well  as  abundant  carbonates 
(sodic,  calcic  and  magnesic);  silica  is  always  present; 
usually  also  sulphuretted  hydrogen  or  alkaline  suL 
phides. 

Carbonatization  of  the  wall- rocks  of  fissure  veins 
has  neither  been  described  by  A.  v.  Groddeck  nor  . 
F.  v.  Sandberger  in  their  researches,  though  the  j 
former  has  found  abundant  sericite  in  many.  The 
wall-rocks  of  the  Comstock  lode,  according  to  Mr. 
Becker,  are  rich  in  iron  pyrites,  but  do  not  contain 
much  carbonates.  J.  H.  L.  Vogt  has  shown  that 
along  certain  veins  of  Norway  the  granite  and 
gneiss  are  altered  to  products  resembling  the 
"  greisen  "  of  the  tin  deposits. 

Regarding  the  origin  of  the  hot,  auriferous  solu- 
tions which  have  produced  the  gold-quartz  veins  it 
is  best,  at  this  stage  of  our  knowledge,  to  speak 
with  great  reserve.     Even  the  results  of  assays  or 


analyses  of  country  rock  must  be  received  with  the 
greatest  caution,  to  make  sure  that  the  percentage 
discovered  is  primary  constituent  and  not  later  im- 
pregnation. It  is  'not  to  be  denied  that  many 
reasons  speak-  strongly  against  a  derivation  from 
the  surrounding  rocks.  Thus,  for  instance,  the 
diorites  of  Nevada  City  and  Grass  Valley  contain  an 
appreciable  amount  of  barium,  and  still  there  is  no 
trace,  of  barite  in  the  veins  of  these  localities.  In 
another  instance  the  diabasic  rocks  of  the  same 
region  contain  copper,  and  yet  the  gold  veins  pass- 
ing through  these  rocks  are  remarkably  poor  in  cop- 
per minerals. 

In  discussing  this  difficult  question  there  are 
several  broad  facts  which  must  be  borne  in  mind: 

First,  that  the  gold-quartz  veins  throughout  the 
State  of  California  are  closely  connected  in  extent 
with  the  above-described  metamorphic  series,  and 
that  the  large  granite  areas  are  almost  wholly  void 
of  veins,  though  fissures  and  fractures  are  not. 
absent  from  them. 

Second,  that  in  the  metamorphic  series  the  gold- 
quartz  veins  occur  in  almost  any  kind  of  rock,  and 
that  if  the  country  rock  exerts  an  influence  on  the 
contents  of  the  veins,  it  is,  at  best,  very  slight. 

Third,  that  the  principal  contact  of  the  meta- 
morphic series  and  the  granitic  rocks  is  in  no  par- 
ticular way  distinguished  by  rich  or  frequent  de- 
posits. 

It  its  further  apparent  that  gold  deposits  have 
been  formed  at  different  periods,  though  by  far  most 
abundantly  in  later  Mesozoic  times.  Some  of  these 
later  veins  may  have  been  locally  enriched  by  pass- 
ing through  earlier  impregnations  in  schist  or  old 
concentrations  in  the  sandstones  and  conglomerates 
of  the  metamorphic  series,  the  gold  contents  of 
which  have,  however,  only  been  proved  in  isolated 
cases. 

These  considerations,  though  involving  many  most 
difficult  questions,  strengthen  the  belief  that  the 
origin  of  gold  must  be  sought  below  the  rocks  which 
now  make  up  the  surface  of  the  Sierra  Nevada, 
possibly  in  granitic  masses  underlying  the  meta- 
morphic series 

Summary.  —  The  auriferous  deposits  extend 
through  the  State  of  California  from  north  to  south 
in  an  irregular  broken  line. 

The  gold-quartz  veins  occur  predominately  in  the 
metamorphic  series,  while  the  large  granitic  areas 
are  nearly  barren.  The  contact  of  the  two  forma- 
tions is  not  distinguished  by  rich  or  frequent  de- 
posits. 

The  gold-quartz  veins  are  lissure  veins,  largely 
filled  by  silica  along  open  spaces,  and  may  dip  or 
strike  in  any  direction. 

The  gangue  is  quartz,  with  a  smaller  amount  of 
calcite;  the  ores  are  native  gold  and  small  amounts 
of  metallic  sulphides.  Adjoining  the  veins  the  wall- 
rock  is  usually  altered  to  carbonates  and  potassium- 
micas  by  rnetasomatic  processes. 

The  veins  are  independent  of  the  character  of  the 
country"  rock,  and  have  been  filled  by  ascending 
thermal  waters,  charged  with  silica,  carbonates  and 
carbon-dioxide. 

Most  of  the  veins  have  been  formed  subsequent  to 
the  regional  metainorphism  which  affected  the 
auriferous  slates  and  the  older  igneous  rocks  asso- 
ciated with  them,  and  also  subsequent  to  the  granitic 
intrusions  which  closed  the  Mesozoic  igneous  activity 
in  the  Sierra  Nevada. 


Very  Pure  Gold. 

To-day ,  says  the  Grass  Valley,  Cal.,  Tidings  of  the 
10th,  we.  were  shown  a  certificate  from  the  United 
States  mint  at  San  Francisco,  dated  December  8th, 
1887,  and  it  was  the  return  of  6.32  ounces  of  gold 
dug  from  the  ground  near  Rough  and  Ready.  The 
gold  sent  was  in  amalgamated  cakes  and  the  above 
was  the  weight  of  the  cakes  before  melting;  after 
melting  6.09  ounces,  the  fineness  thereof  was  9921, 
the  sum  being  $124.91.  The  report  shows  that  there 
was  an  entire  absence  of  silver  in  the  gold,  a  circum- 
stance which  we  have  never  heard  of  before.  It  has 
always  been  the  supposition  that  no  gold  was  ever 
found  without  it  contained  a  percentage  of  silver. 

It  will  be  seen  that  this  gold  was  worth  $20.51  per 
ounce,  while  absolutely  pure  gold  is  worth  $20.67  per 
ounce.  We  believe  that  Rough  and  Ready  can  go  on 
record  as  the  producer  of  the  purest  gold  dug  from 
the  ground.  The  mineral  was  taken  out  by  Messrs. 
Hanley  &  Gross,  who  were  partners  at  that  time. 


Few  realize  how  much  good  mouey  the  tramps 
cost  this  country.  Accurate  estimates  of  the  num- 
ber of  these  nomads  are  difficult  to  obtain.  They 
are  a  variable  quantity,  but  the  number  is  formid- 
able. In  a  lecture  delivered  in  Boston  recently  by 
Prof.  .1.  .1.  McCook,  and  reported  in  the  Phila- 
delphia Ledger,  it  was  stated  that  there  are  about 
46,000  male  tramps  wandering  about  in  different 
parts  of  the  country,  eleven-twelfths  of  them  being 
in  the  prime  of  life — that  is,  under  fifty  years  of 
age.  These  men,  the  most  of  whom  were  able 
bodied,  half  of  them  having  trades  and  nearly  all  of 
them  able  to  read  and  write,  cost  the  country,  ac- 
cording to  conservative  opinion,  from  $8, 000,000  to 
$10,000,000  annually.  This  is  nearly  half  the  cost  of 
the  navy. 


Ap-il  20   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


245 


The   Prohibitive  Seal   Zone. 


Written  i'v  Pboi    <;t."   Davuwos. 

On  the  4th  inst.  the  Geographical   Society  of   the 

ird  a  paper  read  by  Lieut.  Commander  F. 

.1     Drake     i      S.    V.   commanding   0.   S.   steamer 

Etei  'Hi     I''"  in    Bering 

Sea.'     The  lecturer  stated,  from  his  own  observa 

tlons,  several  facts  about  the  fur  seal,  showing  thai 

the  prohibitive  zone  of  sivi,  miles  radius,  round  the 

rookeries,  is  useless  to  protect    the  female  seals  in 

the    breeding    season.     Outside    ol    this  con :ted 

double  circle  around  St.  Paul  and  St.  George  islands 
on  of  the  Arbitration  Commission  permits 
arrow  and  spear  in  a  partial 
annular  or  zone  about  sixty  miles  wide  extending 
from  the  east  round  by  the  south  to  the  west 
northwest  The  wonder  has  been  why  this  outei 
partial  zone  was  accepted  by  the  contestants,  but 
from  Capt  Drake's  developments  we  can  readily  con- 
jecture. He  has  found  that  a  branch  of  the  Kuro 
Siwa,  a  warm  stream  of  Japan,  pushes  across  the  mid- 
dle of  the  Aleutian  chain  toward  the  Pribolof  islands. 
St.    Paul  and  St.  George,  through    the  two-thousand 

fathom  "deep,"  and  carries  with  it  the  food  fishes 
of  the  Aleutian  islands.  When  this  warm  water, 
with  a  temperature  of  42°  Kahr.,  reaches  the  abrupt 
inn. fathom  plateau  of  the  Pribolof  group  it  is  met 
by  the  cold  waters  from  the  northeast  part  of  Bering 
sea.  which  are  mostly  from  the  great  rivers  and  is 
underrun  by  them.  At  the  point  of  conflict  the  fishes 
of  the  warmer  waters  will  not  enter  the  cold-water 
area.  There  is  a  general  absence  of  warm-water 
food  fishes  around  the  Priholofs,  and  the  female  seals 
leaving  their  stations  go  to  sea  for  food.  They  pass 
through  the  cold-water  areas  at  a  rate  of  twenty 
miles  an  hour  and  enter  the  warmer  waters  for  food. 
Here  the  contents  of  their  stomachs  show  the 
pelagic  fishes  that  have  come  up  from  the  Aleutians. 
This  outer  partial  zone  on  the  northern  edge  of  the 
two-thousand-fathom  deep  is  therefore  their  feeding 
ground  during  the  season  for  supporting  and  feeding 
their  young. 

Xow.  it  is  a  matter  that  ran  be  sustained  by  proof 
that  the  Canadian  pelagic  fishers  knew  of  this  feed- 
ing ground,  although  they  did  not  know  the  causes 
for  the  food  supply.  The  Canadian  Commissioners 
learned  this,  and  communicated  it  to  the  authorities 
on  their  side,  who  kept  very  reticent  in  the  matter 
and  made  their  terms  of  arbitration  accordingly. 
The  American  Commissioners  knew  nothing  of  those 
very  important  facts  and  swallowed  the  pretty  hook 
of  holding  sacred  the  inner  sixty-mile  zones,  where 
relatively  no  seal  food  is  found.  As  usual  in  arbitra- 
tion, we  got  the  string  and  the  Canadians  the 
pudding. 

Last  year  the  sealers  reported  .'1(1.01111  seals  taken, 
nearly  all  females.  For  each  female  destroyed  one 
young  one  died  on  the  islands,  and  one  embryonic 
seal  was  killed.  Thus  Capt.  Drake  estimates  that 
66', 000  seals  were  destroyed  last  season.  He  has  re- 
ported that  at  this  rate  of  pelagic  sealing  it  is  but  a 
few  years  when  the  whole,  herd  will  be  reduced  to  a 
very  few  unless  some  cessation  for  one  or  more  sea- 
sons be  granted  by  the  Governments.  At  present 
not  only  is  the  destruction  great  by  the  means 
allowed,  but  it  is  certain  that  some  vessels  use  fire- 
arms, in  which  case  they  do  not  get  more  than  one  seal 
of  every  five  that  are  shot,  and  it  is  within  a  reason- 
able estimate  that  last  year's  sealing  cost  the  herd 
100,000  seals,  of  which  two- thirds  were  probably 
females. 

Arizona    Prospectors. 


Red    Rock,    Ooler    and    Summit    Mining    Dis-  ' 
tricts  in   Kern   County. 

'(led  ■ 

the  goM  is  found  on  a  sandstone  bedrock,  and  in 
others  in  different   layers  in   tl  Claims 

been  located  for  several  miles,  but  owing  i,,  the 
scarcity  Of  water  but  little  is  being  done. 

The  Goler  canui-  are    ituated  at  a  depression  of ! 

he  range  wherea  big  canyon  cuts  through  it,  di 
ing  the  sedimentary  formations  farther  north     The 
Benson  and  Reed  gulches,  which   \w\-f   first    diseo\ 


rest.     Many  shafts  have  been  sunk  in    Benson   gulch 
and  in  the  others    adjoining.      In    the    former    gulch 
hi    go    I  0      i  |50 

is.    No  quartz  veins  are  found  in  the  porphyt  y 
and  slate  in  the  vicinity   of   these   gulches,    ana 
source  of  the  gold  is  quite  problematical.    Tin-  pres- 
ence of   the  gold  distributed  sparingly  in  the  con 
glomerates  and  more  abundant    in    the  gulohes  cut 
ting  them  would  indicate  its  derivation  from  the  con- 
glomerate.   Strong  currents   must  have  been  ne 
sary    to   transport    the   huge   granite    bowlders  so 
abundant  at  this  point,  but    there  are   no   definite 
t  races  of  a  river  channel. 
Summit  camp  lies  eight  miles  east  of  Goler,      \t 

the  former  point  the  sandstone  caps  the 
ridge  (the  eastern  prolongation  of  the  El 
Paso  range!  and  is  in  turn  nearly  hidden  by 
the  more  recent  wash.  The  shallow  gulches 
which  head  in  this  ridge  generally 
gold,  though  not  always  in  workable  quanti- 
ties, It  is  said  that  prospects  of  gold  can 
be  found  over  much  of  the  surface.  This 
is  the  highest  of  the  camps,  having  ancle 
vation  of  3300  feet.  Water  has  to  be  hauled 
many  miles.  Although  hundreds  of  claims 
have  been  located,  only  a  few  are  being 
worked,  and  those  not  always  successfully." 

The    same   formation   appears    in  plages 

for   some   miles   east   of  the   Summit  c: ■ 

but    noi    much   gold  has  been  fouud. 

Dry  washers  are  used  exclusively  in  these 
districts,  but  there  are  comparatively  few 
places  where  the  gold  is  abundant  enough 
to  make  that  method  pay.  If  water  can 
be  introduced,  there  is  without  doubt  a 
great  future  for  the  districts. 


Fares  and   Prices  at  Cariboo. 


COLUMNAR    BASALT.    NEAR    HEAD    OF    KERN     RIVER.    CAL, 


!  ered  and  in  which  big  nuggets  have  been  found, 
empty  into  the  big  canyon  at  its  junction  with  the 
1  desert  plains.  These  gulches  are  filled  with  volcanic 
j  and  other  bowlders,  but  do  not  head  across  the 
'  range.  In  Reed  gulch  a  $1000  nugget  was  found. 
'  Just  north  of  these  rich   gulches   there   are   others 


Arizona  has  few  of  the  old-time  prospectors  left. 
Those  who  used  to  tramp  over  the  hills  with  their 
burros  in  front  of  them  have,  like  the  antelope  and 
buffalo,  vanished  and  gone  from  sight.  The  pros- 
pector of  to-day  rides  a  bicycle  forty  miles  and  back, 
sleeps  between  sheets  and  takes  a  bath  before  going 
to  bed. 

Where  an  old  timer  would  have  spent  six  weeks  in 
digging  and  picking  from  hill  to  hill,  now  a  half  an 
hour's  gaze  toward  the  horizon  will  convince  the 
average  prospector  that  some  fellow  has  taken  up 
the  whole  country,  and  he  returns  home,  puts  on  his 
dressing  gown  and  lighting  his  Havana,  tells  his  wife 
that  he  has  been  prospecting  and  that  there  is 
"nothing  in  the  new  district  which  has  not  been 
taken  up."  The  next  day  some  more  energetic  per- 
son comes  in  with  some  rich  rock,  and  the  stampede 
is  repeated  over  again. 

What  Arizona  most  needs  at  the  present  time  is 
indefatigible  prospectors  who  do  not  go  crazy  over  a 
speck  of  gold,  and  who  do  not  prospect  with  field 
glasses.  —Prospector. 


The  distance  which  derelicts  traverse  is'  much 
greater  than  is  generally  supposed.  A  careful 
record  of  observations  has  resulted  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  a  chart  which  shows  that  the  hulk  of  the 
schooner  Fannie  E.  Wolston  has  drifted,  during  the 
last  five  years,  more  than  10,00i>  miles.  This  calcu- 
lation is  based  on  forty-six  reports  of  its  having  been 
sighted.  Another  derelict,  which  began  its  wander- 
ings in  1891,  drifted  about  85110  miles  up  to  the  time 
it  was  last  seen,  when  it  had  been   afloat   615  days. 


BASALTIC     COLUMNS     ON     KERN     RIVER,     CAL. 

I  much  deeper  and  which  empty  into  the  big  canyon. 

j  In  these  the  bedrock  outcrops  in  places;  in  others  on 

I  the  very  irregular  surface  of  the  bedrock  there  is  a 

I  thickness  of  nearly  100  feet  of  a  cemented  bowlder 

conglomerate,  many  of  the  granite  bowlders  being 

four  to  six  feet  in  diameter.      In  the  latter  gulches 

the  pay  is  also  fairly  good.     The  gold  appears  to  be 

present  as  a  concentration  from  the  conglomerate. 

At  the  Upper  Goler  camp,  two  miles  above  the 
lower,  mining  is  also  carried  on  along  the  slope  of 
the  mountains  on  which  the  sedimentary  formations 


A  newly  arrived  Nevada  county  miner 
writes  from  Quesnelle  Pork,  Cariboo,  B.  C, 
under  date  of  March  29,  '95,  to  the  Crass 
Valley  Telegraph  as  follows: 

From  Grass  Valley  to  Vancouver  City, 
B.  C,  first-class  fare  with  board  included, 
is  §30;  from  Vancouver  to  Ashcroft,  out- 
nearest  railroad  station,  is  $10.50;  the  staye 
fare  from  Ashcroft  to  here,  a  distance  of 
over  200  miles,  is  $28.50,  and  their  schedule 
time  for  the  trip  is  four  days,  which  an  in- 
tending traveler  must  allow  at  the  rate  of  $2 
per  day  for  living  necessities.  Many  of  the 
miners  already  here  have  walked  the  entire  distance 
from  Vancouver  (over  400  miles)  and  claim  thev 
made  84  per  day  by  so  doing.  Another  thing  I  wish 
to  state  about  this  stage  ride  is  that  the  small 
stations  being  more  than  thirty  miles  apart,  yet 
their  road  far  surpasses  anything  in  the  line  of  roads 
]    ever   beheld   in   Nevada  county. 

This  mine  is  located  on  the  south  fork  of 
the  Quesnelle  river,  and  is  under  the  sup- 
erintendence' of  J.  B.  Hobson.  formerly 
of  Placer  county.  At  present  the  bank  of 
grayel  is  300  feet  high,  and  as  they  follow 
it  into  the  hill,  it  will  become  deeper. 
They  have  a  line  of  twenty-two-inch  pipe 
and  one  of  eighteen-inch  leading  into  the 
mine,  with  a  pressure  of  29fi  feet.  These 
pipe  lines  feed  two  monitors  of  the  Hos- 
kins  patent,  using  seven-inch  nozzles.  Their 
flumes  are  six  feet  wide  and  have  ten-iuch 
drop  in  twelve  feet.  Taking  it  all  through, 
it  is  a  well-equipped  hydraulic  mine,  and, 
under  the  able  management  of  Mr.  Hobson, 
supported  by  T.  D.  Daasy,  his  foreman, 
formerly  of  Columbia  Hill,  Nevada  county, 
should  give  big  results  to  the  shareholders 
in   the  near  future. 

I  will  quote  prices  on  a  few  of  the  raiuers' 
supplies:  Crack-proof  gum  boots,  $10  per 
pair;  Hour,  $8  to  $10  per  cwt. ;  pork,  25 
cents  per  pound;  rice,  $15  per  sack;  eggs, 
$1.25  per  dozen,  and  none  at  that:  chick- 
ens, $3  each. 

The  wages  here  do  not  exceed  those  paid 
in  Nevada  county,-  and  T  would  advise  any 
one  to  stay  in  Nevada  county  unless  assured 
of  a  job  before  starting,  as  there  are  three 
men  here  now  for  every  job. 

The  war  between  Japan  and  China  was 
expected  to  show  what  the  world  might  look 
for  from  the  first-class  war  ships   and   guns 
which  all   nations  have  lately  been  arming 
themselves  with.     It  was  expected  that  one 
side  or  the  other  would  very  quickly  collapse 
under  the  terrific  lire  which  each  could  pour 
iuto  the  other.    It  was  the  Chinese  war  vessels  that 
gave  in  almost  at  the  beginning.     But   on   land    the 
Chinese  showed  the  same  inability  to  make  a  desper- 
ate fight  under  fire.    So  the  authorities  are  as  much 
at  a  loss  as  ever.     It  is  not  ships  and  guns  that  have 
been  tested,  but  men.     It  is,   indeed,   "  the  man  be- 
hind the  gun  "  to  whom  the  praise  for  success  is  due. 
In  all  the  wars  iu  which  this   country  has  been  en- 
gaged American  superiority  has  been  plainly  mani- 
fested,  and   this   has    been   true  on  the  sea,  when 
American  vessels  were  pitted  against  British  ships. 


246 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  20    1895. 


The  Silver  Problem. 


To  the  Editor: — There  seems  to  be  so  much  con- 
fusion in  the  minds  of  people  generally  in  regard  to 
what  "free  coinage  of  silver"  means  and  also  about 
the  aims  to  attain  it,  that  a  brief  outline  of  it  might 
be  given  here  to  advautage:  In  the  first  place,  if 
we  had  an  ample  volume  of  money  in  the  world  there 
would  be  no  need  of  any  further  silver  coinage;  and 
this  being  the  case,  the  decision  of  the  question  as  to 
how  much  money  we  really  need  seems  to  be  the 
hinging  point.  Then,  unless  we  consent  that  the 
earnings  of  money  loaned  should  be  greater  than 
those  of  productive  industries  of  all  kinds,  we  must 
finally  determine  that  unless  we  secure  such  a  volume 
of  money  as  would,  by  its  plenitude,  cheapen  money 
and  increase  the  price  of  everything  else  that  is  now 
so  much  lower  than  the  money-leuaer's  profits,  the 
rates  of  profit  for  lending  money  must  continue  to 
remain  so  disproportionately  high  as  to  perpetuate 
our  dull  times.  To  illustrate:  For  the  thirty  years 
between  18(30  and  1890  the  increase  of  wealth  in  this 
country,  as  an  entirety,  was  only  about  21%  per  cent 
per  annum;  in  other  words,  moneylenders  and  every- 
body else  were  only  entitled  to  2J"o  per  annum  in- 
crease or  interest  on  their  investments  for  that  time. 
If  any  industry  or  interest  got  more  than  that  it  re- 
c  sived  more  than  an  equitable  share,  and  the  other 
industries  and  interests  had  to  be  impoverished  as  a 
01    equence   in   the   degree   that   one   or  more  got 

Interest  on  money  in  California  averages  over  8% 
per  annum,  as  shown  by  the  census  reports.  It  is 
no  doubt  cheaper  in  some  Eastern  States.  Accept- 
ing 8'V  as  the  basis  of  estimate  for  money's  interest 
and  2l"o  as  the  increase  of  wealth  in  the  whole  coun- 
try, we  find  under  the  law  of  proportion  that  with 
$24  per  capita  as  the  present  amount  of  circulating 
medium  in  this  country,  we  need  at  least  $96  per 
capita  in  the  United  States  to  bring  the  earniugs  of 
money  down  to  the  earnings  of  other  things,  or  four 
times  the  volume  of  money  we  now  have. 

Hence  "  free  coinage  of  silver  "means more  money, 
and  the  great  struggle  to  attain  it  means  the  peo- 
ple's great  desire  to  throw  off  financial  bondage. 
The  following  are  some  of  the  results  that  would  be 
accomplished  by  free  coinage: 

Many  millions  of  people  would,  directly  and  indi- 
rectly, be  put  on  a  living  basis  at  once  in  the  produc- 
tion, reduction,  transportation,  etc.,  of  the  metal. 

The  increase  in  the  volume  of  money  it  would  give 
to  the  world,  with  the  advanced  price  it  would  place 
upon  commodities,  would  enhance  the  share  of  the 
wealth  falling  to  the  industrial  element  of  our  popu- 
lation bj'  many  billions  of  dollars. 

It  would  double  the  present  price  of  wheat,  cotton 
and  all  the  other  staple  products  of  this  country,  and 
at  the  same  time  double  the  price  of  the  land  upon 
which  they  are  raised,  as  was  the  case  in  the  early 
'50s  when  so  much  gold  was  being  produced. 

It  would  restore  the  original  value  to  those  who 
invested,  under  the  sanction  of  law,  in  about  one 
billion  dollars'  worth  of  mining  property.  These 
were  vested  rights  and  were  confiscated  by  law,  by 
the  demonetization  of  silver. 

If  other  former  bi-metallic  countries  refused  to 
adopt  free  coinage,  our  doing  so  would  give  us  prac- 
tically all  of  the  trade  of  the  700,000,000  people  using 
the  single  silver  standard. 

There  is  only  four  billion  dollars  of  silver  money  on 
the  globe,  with  4000  years  of  production.  If  all  of  it 
were  in  the  United  States  and  if  it  were  all  coined  in- 
to our  money,  it  would  give  our  population  less  than 
$60  per  capita,  or  only  about  two-thirds  of  the 
amouut  we  need  right  now.  Hence,  as  we  could  ab- 
sorb it  all  and  still  have  only  two-thirds  of  enough 
(granting  that  we  would  have  no  other  money),  we 
can  certainly,  as  a  nation,  undertake  free  coinage 
alone,  without  the  consent  or  assistance  of  any  other 
country  or  Government  on  earth.  And  that  is  what 
our  Government  should  do.  and  do  it  immediately. 

No  sane-minded  person  will  attempt  to  say  that  if 
our  Government  made  silver  money  full  legal  tender 
in  all  amounts,  the  public  generally  would  refuse  to 
accept  it.  The  law  would  not  only  force  them  to  do 
so  in  that  case,  but  they  would  gladly  do  so. 
Further,  the  whole  world  would  be  glad  to  accept  it. 
for  the  reason  that  the}'  could  buy  our  products  with 
it  in  that  case.  The  outside  world  will  always  honor 
any  of  our  money  that  we  will  ourselves  honor,  for 
the  reason  that  they  eau  buy  with  it  anything  we 
have  to  sell. 

The  wicked  statements  that  we  cannot  resume 
free  coinage  without  any  international  agreement 
whatever  are  a  mixture  of  cowardice,  ignorance  and 
falsehoods.  Many  men,  knowiug  better,  make  the 
statement  for  the.  purpose  of  misleading. 

With  gold  and  silver  combined  (if  no  other  kind 
were  used)  there  is  not  one-tenth  of  enough  money  in 
the  world  to  give  a  just  and  equitable  distribution  of 
the  wealth  of  the  world  to  those  who  produce  it. 

The  bankers'  congress  sitting  in  the  national  capi- 
tol  at  Washington,  misrepresenting  the  people,  tells 
us  that  if  we  had  free  coinage  all  the  gold  would 
leave  the  country.  Our  eighty  years  of  free  coinage 
previous  to  1873  showed  that  our  ratio  of  16  to  1 
drove  all  the  silver  to  foreign  countries,  and  brought 
us  their  gold.     The  reason   was  that  Europe's  ratio 


is  15i  to  1  and  India's  and  China's  is  15  to  1,  so  that 
our  ratio  being  more  in  favor  of  gold  than  theirs, 
which  means  that  we  offered  more  for  gold  than  they 
did  and  that  they  offered  more  for  silver  than  we  did, 
by  the  respective  ratios,  the  two  metals  each  went 
to  their  highest  markets. 

Gold  and  silver  are  twin  sisters,  rocked  in  the 
same  rock-ribbed  cradle  by  Nature.  What  God  hath 
joined  together  let  no  man  put  asunder!  Gold  is 
never  found  in  quartz  without  the  presence  of  silver, 
but  silver  is  sometimes  found  without  the  presence 
of  gold. 

Gold  aud  silver  would  not  be  mined  at  all  simply  as 
commodities,  as  the  shutting  down  of  the  silver  mines 
of  the  country  to-day  practically  illustrates;  and 
there  is  not  a  siugle  one  being  opened  at  the  present 
time.  Their  money  uses  give  gold  aud  silver  at  least 
three-fourths  of  their  market  price.  It  has  cost  at 
least  $1.50  to  produce  each  dollar's  worth  of  gold  and 
silver  in  the  world  to-day. 

I  would  say  to  those  who  are  afraid  that  if  we  had 
free  coiuage  the  balance  of  the  world  would  not  ac- 
cept our  money  without  an  international  bi-metallic 
agreement,  that  they  should  consider  the  case  of  our 
greenback  which  goes  all  over  Europe  at  a  premium 
to-day,  simply  because  it  can  be  returned  to  the 
United  States  cheaper  than  coin,  and  it  will  buy  as 
big  a  dollar's  worth  of  wheat  aud  pork  as  a  gold  dol- 
lar will.  Now,  if  our  paper  dollar  with  no  intrinsic 
value  whatever  will  pass  in  foreign  lands  at  a  pre- 
mium, why  should  not  silver,  bearing  the  same  stamp 
and  fiat  as  our  paper  dollar,  pass  at  least  at  par  ? 

Remember,  there  is  no  such  thing  as  "inter- 
national" money  and  from  the  nature  of  things 
there  never  can  be,  as  the  creation  of  money  is  al- 
ways the  expression  of  the  supreme  function  of  any 
Government.  Butuuless  a  Government  in  exercising 
that  function  endows  its  own  circulating  medium 
with  all  the  powers  and  qualities  of  full  legal  tender, 
for  both  public  and  private  debts,  it  cannot  expect 
other  nations  to  honor  that,  medium,  for  they  will  not 
do  so. 

One  so  often  hears  it  stated  that  none  but  silver 
miners  would  be  benefited  by  free  coinage.  Let  us 
see  if  that  statement  is  true,  after  considering  the 
subjoined  very  conservative  estimate  of  losses  occa- 
sioned to  our  several  industries  by  having  hall'  the 
metallic  money  of  the  world  destroyed,  as  was  the 
case  when  silver  was  demonetized.  The  figures  are 
paralyzing  in  their  magnitude,  but  are  under  rather 
than  over  stated: 

LOSSES  IX  THE  PAST   TWENTY    YEARS  THROUGH   THE   DEMONETIZA- 
TION  OF  SILVER. 

Shrinkage  in  real  estate  values 810,000,000,000 

Labor  of  one  million  (aver.)  idle  men  at  S2  a  day.  15,000,000,000 


Depreciation  of  silver  miners'  bullion 35(1,000,000 

Cotton  planters'  product 3,500.000,000 

Wheat  farmers'  product 7,000,000,000 

Corn,  oats,  etc.,  farmers'  product 7,000,000,000 

Cattle,  sheep  and  horse  raisers'  product 7,000,000,000 

Increase  of  mortgage  indebtedness  by  decreas- 
ing ability  of  debtors  to  pay,  because  of 

scarcer  volume  of  money 10,000,000,000 

Excessive  interest  paid  because  of   restricted 

volume  of  money  and  consequent  usury. .  10,000,000,000 

Shrinkage  of  values  in  iron  industry 5,250,0(10,000 

"         lumber,  lime,  etc 5,000,000,000 

"  "  all  descriptions  of  manu- 
facturing    10,000,000,000 

''  "  copper,  lead,  zinc,  coal  and 
various  sundries  (low 
estimate) 5,000,000,000 


Total $95, 000, 000, 000 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  silver  miners'  proportion 
of  the  above  loss  is  only  one-three  hundred  and  for- 
tieth, while  their  proportion  of  the  total  investment 
of  the  country  is  only  one-sixtieth.  The  silver  min- 
ers, therefore,  lose  only  about  one-sixth  as  great  a 
proportion  as  the  agriculturists  and  other  industries. 
Who,  then,  in  the  name  of  common  sense  will,  in  the 
face  of  such  a  marvelous  array  of  facts,  contend  that 
the  general  industries  of  the  country  are  not  inter- 
ested in  again  establishing  free  coinage  of  silver  at 
the  ratio  of  16  to  1  ? 

In  reading  over  the  above  table  it  will  be  remem- 
bered that  the  losses  shown  are  much  larger  than  the 
total  valuation  of  all  wealth  in  the  United  States  to- 
day. But  in  this  connection  it  must  also  be  borne  in 
mind  that  if  silver  had  never  been  demonetized  our 
total  national  wealth  would  be  perhaps  twice  its 
present  amouut,  by  the  extra  opportunities  and 
stimulus  that  silver  would  have  given  to  production 
and  enterprise.  Green  Majors. 

Alameda,  Cal.,  April  16th,  '95. 


Shasta  County  Mining  Notes. 

To  the  Editor: — When  the  Iron  Mountain  changed 
hands,  everybody  was  hopeful  and  expected  a  genu- 
ine stir,  but  it  has  failed  to  materialize.  The  first 
religious  rite  the  English  owners  performed  was  to 
cut  the  wages  of  the  old  employes  and  offer  the  new- 
comers one  dollar  per  day  for  underground  work. 
They  now  have  about  eighty-five  or  ninety  men  em- 
ployed, about  one -third  of  whom  are  ernploj'ed  sur- 
veying and  locating  mining  claims  so  as  to  cut  the 
timber  for  fuel.  Report  has  it  that  they  are  experi- 
menting in  the  east  with  the  cyanide  process  and  in- 
tend to  try  it  before  attempting  to  smelt. 

French  Gulch  has  a  small  mine  owned  by  Ellery 
Brothers  that  is  producing  phenomenally  rich  ore; 
thirty  tons  yielded  $2700. 

Since  the  new  management  took  charge  of  the 


Gladstone,  it  is  making  between  $6000  aud  $7000  net 
per  month!  The  engineer  of  the  mill,  who  was  ar- 
rested with  a  bar  of  stolen  bullion  in  his  possession, 
slipped  through  the  meshes  of  the  law  by  claiming 
that  Mr.  Gray,  the  superintendent,  gave  it  to  him 
for  wages.  An  indictment  for  Gray  for  stealing 
bullion  was  found  by  the  grand  jury,  but  Mr.  Gray 
was  last  heard  from  in  Panama  on  his  way  to  South 
America. 

The  old  Washington  mine  in  French  Gulch  is  uuder 
bond  to  a  New  York  party. 

The  Niagara  is  worked  on  the  tribute  system  and 
yields  fair  results. 

Around  Shasta  and  Middle  Creek  a  great  many 
prospects  are  being  worked  with  the  usual  results. 
The  mines  are  bunchy  on  Flat  creek  and  Spring 
creek.  The  same  results  are  obtained  at  Squaw 
creek.  The  Uncle  Sam  makes  as  fine  a  record 
as  the  county  can  boast  of.  They  pay  their  men 
and  the  mine  yields  handsomely.  The  Wiudy  Camp 
mines  are  still  in  the  same  stage  of  development  that 
they  were  twelve  years  ago — just  going  to  do  some- 
thing, but  do  not  get  there.  In  the  Old  Diggings, 
Hart's  Texas  and  Georgia  runs  steadily.  They  have 
a  big  strike  periodically  once  a  week  the  year  round, 
but  the  mortgages  on  the  property  still  remain  on 
record,  which  do  not  corroborate  the  statements  of 
the  owners. 

The  Quartz  Hill  property  had  a  shut-down  and 
geueral  squabble  among  the  stockholders,  with  the 
result  that  the  manager  was  discharged,  the  trouble 
beiug  the  mine  did  not  pay.  They  have  started  up 
again  under  the  management   of   the  president. 

The  base  range  of  Shasta  county  extends  for  a 
distance  of  thirty  miles.  It  commences  at  Iron 
Mountain  and  runs  northeast  and  then  swiugs  south 
to  Furnaceville,  or  the  old  Afterthought  mine. 

The  best  dividend-payer  in  the  county  for  the  in- 
vestment is  the  dredge  working  iu  the  river.  It 
cost  about  $3000  and  earned  $5000  net  for  the  owners 
last  summer.  This  year  they  have  doubled  its  ca- 
pacity and  will  double  the  yield.  They  dredge  out 
boulders  weighing  over  a  ton  and  get  the  best  pay 
iu  the  boulder  ground.  Two  other  dredges  are  be- 
ing constructed  by  other  parties,  aud  river  dredging 
has  become  a  factor  in  mining  in  this  section.        F. 


Books  Received. 


''Motive  Bowers  and  Their  Practical  Selection"  is  a  new  work 
on  an  old  subject  by  Reginald  Bolton,  who  dedicates  it  to  the 
Institution  of  Civil  Engineers  of  England  and  the  American 
Society  of  Civil  Engineers.  Every  application  of  power: 
manual  and  animal ;  wind  and  water;  steam  and  gas;  hot  air 
and  electricity,  receive  practical  comment,  the  book  being  a 
clever  compilation  of  facts  gathered  from  a  variety  of  authen- 
tic sources.  Valuable  tables,  formulae,  etc.,  are  presented 
and  in  all  cases  the  cost  of  the  means  of  power  under  dis- 
cussion is  given. 

Argument  or  opinion  has  little  place,  the  author  almost  en- 
tirely confining  himself  to  statements  of  fact,  and  an  honest 
effort  is  evident  to  be  fair  and  unprejudiced  in  all  his  asser- 
tions, and  its  practical  nature  makes  the  work  of  value  to  any 
man  having  anything  to  do  with  the  subject  of  which  it 
treats.  It  contains  252  pages,  octavo,  and  is  handsomely 
issued  by  Messrs.  Longmans,  Green  &  Co.,  39  Paternoster 
Row,  E.  C,  London,  England,  and  15  East  16th  St.,  New 
York  City.  ,  

•'Elements  <>f  Mineralogy,  Crystallography  and  Blowpipe 
Analysis,  front  a  Practical  Standpoint,  including  a  description 
of  all  useful  minerals,  the  tests  necessary  for  their  identifica- 
tion, the  recognition  and  measurement  of  their  crystals,  and 
a  concise  statement  of  their  uses  in  the  arts,"  by  Alfred  '.r. 
Moses,  E.  M.,  Ph.  D.,  and  Chas.  Lathrop  Parsons,  B.  S.,  is 
received  from  the  publishing  house  of  D.  Van  Nostrand  Co.  ,■ 
23  Murray  St.,  New  York  City. 

In  this  book  of  342  pages,  inorganic  nature  receives  plain 
and  practical  exposition.  Part  I  is  devoted  to  a  description  of 
the  crystalline  structure  of  minerals,  their  form  and  the  laws 
that  govern  its  construction :  part  II  is  a  treatise  on  blowpipe 
analysis;  part  III  (probably  the  most  interesting  to  the  gen- 
eral student)  is  devoted  entirely  to  descriptive  mineralogy : 
simple,  accurate  and  concise;  part  IV  treats  of  determiuative 
mineralogy,  giving  several  valuable  test  tables,  by  use  of 
which  the  presence  or  absence  of  the  principal  minerals  can 
be  determined.  The  book  is  of  value  to  the  practical  miner 
or  metallurgist.  It  contains  over  300  figures  or  delineations 
of  mineral  crystallization  and  is  so  arranged  as  to  readily 
yield  the  information  desired. 


Sierra    Buttes   Mining    Company. 


The  accounts  of  the  Sierra  Buttes  Mine  for  the 
half-year  ended  December  31st  last  show,  including 
£2964,  the  moiety  of  profit  from  the  Uncle  Sam 
Mine,  a  balance  to  the  credit  of  profit  and  loss  of 
£3608.  Out  of  this  the  directors  recommend  a 
dividend  of  6d.  per  share,  free  of  income-tax,  £3062, 
a  baiauce  of  £546  being  carried  forward.  The  ac- 
counts of  the  Plumas  Eureka  Mine  for  the  half-year 
show  a  profit  for  that  period  of  £4759,  inclusive  of 
£2964,  the  moiety  of  profit  from  the  Uncle  Sam 
Mine;  this,  with  the  balance  brought  forward,  en- 
ables the  directors  to  recommend  that  a  dividend  of 
9d.  per  share,  free  of  income  tax,  be  declared,  and 
that  £4802  be  carried  forward. — London  Mining 
Journal,  March  23. 


The  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers  are 
on  their  annual  excursion  this  time  to  Florida,  leav- 
ing Washington,  125  strong,  under'  charge  of  Dr. 
David  T.  Day,  of  the  geological  survey. 


April  20,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


■247 


The  Crawford   Hill. 


Herewith  is  presented  ;i  sectional  cut  of  the  Craw 
ford  Gold  Extractor,  a  mill  for  which  many  advan- 
tages are  claimed  by  its  makers,  who  say  thai  "  from 
actual  experience  of  this  mill,   and  from   the  most 

its  operation,  ii  may  be  pronot 
almost  per/eel  a-  ;>  gold  saver." 

The  ore  is  fed  into  the  conical-shaped  hopper  A, 
,.i  ses  downward  in  the  direction  of  ihe  arrows 
Ihl'OUgh  the  tube  C,  and  falls  upon  the  rotary  disc 
/•'/■'.  which  throws  the  ore  with  force  under  the 
balls  /.'  /■'.  where  it  is  ground  to  an  almost  impalpa- 
lowder  (from  100  to  200  mesh),  the  gold  particles 
owing  to  their  specific  gravity,  falling  through 
the  space  /  I  into  the  mercury  l>ath,  '.  12. 

Rapid  tion  is  imparted   to  the  balls  by  the  disc 

f  I-',  which  makes  about  eighty  revolutions  per 
minute.  The  water  entering  through  the  water 
pipe  passes  under  the  rotary  disc  F  /',  and  Hows 
over  the  mercury  G  '■'.  then  upward  through  the 
opening  /  /.  and,  filling  the  space  J  J,  carries  up- 
ward the  tailings  in  the  direction  of  the  arrows, 
through  the  neck  />'  />'.  and  Hows  out  over  the  top, 
the  tailings  going  to  waste  at  /'. 

The  rotary  motion  of  the  water  in  the  mill  is 
checked  by  the  flanges  M  >/.  and  also  by  flanges  on 
the  neck  of  the  hopper,  /.'A'.  By  this  means  the 
violent  agitation  of  the  water  ceases  before  it,  over- 
flows the  top  and  thus  the  fine  particles  of  light 
are  not  borne  away  but  settle  back  into  the 
mill  and  eventually  reach  the  mercury,  //  is  the 
vertical  shaft  which  gives  motion  to  the  disc  F F. 
Motion  is  imparted  to  the  shaft  // by  a  bevel  gear 
A'  and  /.. 

The  mill  is  constructed  on  the  arrastra  "pan- 
type "  principle,  the  ore  crushing  being  effected  by 
steel  balls  set  rotatively  on  two  half-circle  annular 
grooves,  the  inner  one  being  the  periphery  of  a  con- 
vex disc,  running  at  a  speed  of  about  eighty  revolu- 
tions per  minute,  the  outer  a  fixed  ring.  A  space 
between  these  two  "seat  grooves"  of  one  half  inch 
forms  the  entrance  loan  annular  trough  containing 
quicksilver  and  placed  at  the  bottom  of  the  pan 
below  the  ball  seat. 

The  transmitted  power  being  below  the  pan,  the 
ore.  broken  to  the  size  of  not  more  than  one-half-inch 
mesh,  is  fed  in  through  a  hopper  head,    falls  on   the 


pan  abviut  twelve  inches  and  comes  in  contact  with  plates,  as  in  stamp  or  other  crushing  systems,  has 
the  crushing  balls.  A  steady  stream  of  water  under  i  to  rise  with  the  water  through  a  grating  and  How  otl 
pressure  enters  the  mill  from  below,   plays  over   the    at  the   feed    elevation.      Notwithstanding    its  sim- 

quieksilver,  and  then  Hows  upward   into  the  body   of    plioity,  the  mill  c bines  in  itself   a   grinder,  pit    et 

the  mill.  The  ore  is  held  in  suspension  until  it  is  izer,  amalgamator,  settler  and  clean er-up 
ground  into  impalpable  powder  by  the  balls,  the  It  requires  12  II.  P.  and  about  four  .'alien-  of 
gold  particles  alone,  by  their  specific  gravity,  drop-  water  per  minute.  This  mill  was  introduced  upon 
ping  down  into  the  naked  quicksilver.  The  tailing-  i  be  market  some  three  years  ago.  It  is  claimed  but 
as  residue,  instead  of  leaving  the  mill  at  the  point  |  a  single  fault  has  been  found  with  it,  and  that,  its ex- 
below  the  crushing  level,  through  screens  or  amalgam    cessive  wear  and  tear  on   some  ores.     This  defect, 

however,  the  manufacturers  say  has  been 
overcome,  a  special  steel  having  been  finally 
adopted,  by  the  use  Of  which  the  wear  and 
tear  is  reduced  to  a  maximum  of  thirty 
cents  per  ton  of  ore  treated.  The  foun- 
dation for  the  mill  is  inexpensive  and  can 
easily  be  constructed  in  a  day. 

The  mill,  in  its  present  form,  is  not  advo 
rated  for  use  on  ores  carrying  more  than 
fifteen  to  twenty  per  cent  of  sulphurets,  as 
an  increased  percentage  reduces  propor- 
tionately the  capacity  of  the  mill.  Its  avei 
age  capacity  is  ten  tons. 

There  is  but  little,  if  any,  loss  of  quick, 
and  millmen  will  appreciate  one  unique  feat- 
ure, namely,  the  amalgam  is  accessible  only 
when  the  mill  is  partially  dismantled  to 
effect  the  periodical  cleanup. 

Several  mills  have  recently  beeu  sold  to 
companies  in  Raker  City  and  Huntington, 
Oregon,  and  Wallace  and  Kendrick,  Idaho, 
At  the  Northwest  Development  &  Invest- 
ment Company's  mine,  in  Wallace,  a  trial 
run  recently  with  one  of  these  mills,  dur- 
ing eight  and  a  half  days,  yielded  a  cleanup 
of  98J  ounces,  or  a  saving  of  nearly  ninety 
Iter  cent.  Three  mills  in  operation  for  the 
last  three  years  at  Kane  Springs,  Utah,  re- 
port a  saving  of  over  eighty-five  per  cent 
on  refractory  ore. 

The  mill  is  controlled  and  manufactured 
by  the  Mechanical  Gold  Extractor  Company, 
47  Broadway.  New  York  City;  W.  O.  Ross, 
secretary. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  American  As- 
sociation for  the  Advancement  of  Science  will 
be  held  in  this  city  during  the  second  week 
of  next  August. 


SECTIONAL     VIUW     OF    THIS    CRAWFORD    MILL. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 


\V( 


■  - 1  ■ 


i  stock  i>t>Ms  i 


i tabic  for  the  (True,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  aod;  widths  to  order. 


I'i;irii.';il  mill  nn-u  must  sec  ;il  :i  glancr 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other, 
Firs  I.  the  Ha  nces  stand  at  an  acute  angh 
inward  the  center,    therefore  readily    con 
fnrm  to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexa 
loss  occasioned    by    the  frequent    breaking 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 

Agata)  in  Ihc 

surface  of  the 

hel  t     trans- 

v e ps el y   two 

reel     apart, 

there    is    a 

space    of    one 

inch,  contain- 

_    ing     twenty 

f    riffles  1-32  of 

an    inch     in 

depth.    This 

tends     to 

equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it   from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.   This  riffle  saves 

flne  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the.  tailings  from  a   belt   with  an  entirely 

smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street.  Hay  wards  Ituildlug San  Francisco. 


IMPROVED   FORM   OF   HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


: 


' 


Hendrie  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co., 

DENl/ER,     COLORADO. 


LATEST    IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH  

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 

IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 

General  Mining:  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


The  above  out  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUULE-JOINTEH  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  mauulacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


i 


I 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHRO/V\E      CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mming  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  V. 

B.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Ageut,  141  aod  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  ft: 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies  Stamp 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado  830 City  of  Mexico 


PLACER 

Complete  "Lancaster"'  Gravity  Gold  Amalgamating,  Hoisting  aud  Dredging  plants  furnished 
for  treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer  ground  aud  pulverized  tree  milling  quartz  at  small 
cost  with  minimum  supply  of  a  water.     Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

The  "  Lancaster  "  1895  Land  or  River  Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  S learn  Shovels  and  Cableways 
are  of  the  most  improved  construction.  Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons  hourly 
and  upward,  if  required.  Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating,  Screening,  Pile  Driving  and 
other  machinery  also  built.     Investigation  and  correspondence  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee,  39  Cortlandt  St.,  NEW  YORK. 


24S 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  20,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 


Terrestrial  Helium. 


Lord  Rayleigh,  the  first  to  isolate 
from  the  air  the  gas  argon,  whose  ex- 
istence was  never  known  until  last 
year,  is  now  said  to  have  made  another 
Very  interesting  discovery.  Chemical 
analysis  of  the  substances  composing 
the  earth's  crust  has  thus  far  revealed 
nearly  seventy  distinct  elements;  and 
spectrosopic  study  of  the  sun  has  al- 
ready detected  the  presence  of  more 
than  half  of  them  iu  that  body.  But 
there  are  indications  that  the  sun  con- 
tains a  few  elements  which  are  yet  un- 
recognized in  terrestrial  matter.  For 
instance,  there  is  a  line  in  the  green 
part  of  the  spectrum  of  the  outermost 
solar  envelope,  the  corona,  which  is 
thought  to  represent  a  gas  much 
lighter  thau  hydrogen  The  line  itself 
is  numbered  1,474  in  the  old  Kirchhoff 
scale,  but  in  Rowland's,  which  is  the 
modern  standard,  it  is  set  down  at 
5,316.  The  substance  itself  is  called 
"coronium."  Nothing  of  the  sort 
has  been  found  on  the  earth.  Again, 
when  the  spectroscopists  examine  the 
chromosphere,  the  layer  of  gas  next 
below  the  corona,  but  lying  above  the 
-luminous  cloud-shell  of  the  sun,  they 
,] ."'--.covet-  in  the  yellow  a  briliant  line, 
which  they  used  to  call  "D3,"  but 
which  is  situated  at  5,876  in  Rowland's 
scale.  No  line  could  be  perceived  at 
this  point  in  the  spectrum  of  any 
terrestrial  substance,  and  hence  the 
element  thus  signified  was,  like  coro- 
nium, regarded  as  peculiar  to  the  sun. 
Indeed,  such  a  supposition  is  embodied 
in  its  name,  "helium."  Since  the  first 
discovery  of  the  D3  line,  however,  the 
latter  has  been  recognized  in  the 
spectra  of  a  few  stars,  which  are  also 
suns,  but  many  million  times  as  far 
away  from  us  as  our  own.  And  now 
comes  the  report  that  Lord  Rayleigh 
has  just  found  helium  in  a  rare  mineral 
from  Norway. 

This  famous  chemist  was  testing  a 
rock  specimen,  with  sulphuric  acid. 
Such  tests  of  that  particular  mineral 
have  been  made  before,  and  they  al- 
ways yielded  a  gas.  Heretofore  the 
latter  has  been  believed  to  be  nitrogen 
merely.  But  Lord  Rayleigh  perceived 
that  it  was  argon;  and,  what  is  more, 
that  some  other  gas  was  combined  with 
it.  As  this  sort  of  experience  is  pre- 
cisely what  led  him  to  make  his  bril- 
liant discovery  of  last  year,  one  can 
readily  undersland  the  zeal  with  which 
he  sought  to  ascertain  the  nature  of 
the  adulterating  gas.  His  further  in- 
vestigation led  him  to  identity  it  with 
helium  !  Another  eminent  expert, 
Professor  Crookes,  has  confirmed  this 
conclusion. 

From  the  particular  region  in  the 
sun  in  which  helium  is  found,  and  from 
its  immediate  and  intimate  associa- 
tions, this  gas  is  looked  upon  as  being 
one  of  the  lightest  materials  composing 
the  body,  possibly  as  light  as  hydrogen. 
Wilsing,  a  leading  German  astronomical 
spectroscopist,  is  inclined  to  think  that 
helium  resides  chiefly  in  the  upper  part 
of  the  chromospheric  sheet,  which 
would  suggest  the  idea  that,  like  coro- 
nium. it  may  weight  even  less  than  the 
gas  in  whose  company  it  has  usually 
been  hitherto.  Some  researches  of 
Gruenewald,  in  which  Professor  Young 
placed  confidence,  indicated  that  pos- 
sibly helium  and  coronium  were  com- 
ponents of  hydrogen,  and  were  partial- 
ly dissociated  by  intense  heat;  but  this 
theory  seems  to  be  effectually  disposed 
of  by  Lord  Rayleigh's  ability  to  obtain 
the  gas  at  very  ordinary  temperatures, 
and  in  combination  with  argon. 

One  of  the  principles  on  which  stars 
are  classified  is  that  of  resemblance 
and  difference  between  their  spectra. 
And  in  such  classification  various  at- 
tempts have  been  made  to  indicate  the 
stage  of  advancement  attained  by  each 
particular  orb  in  its  life  history.  Dr. 
Schemer,  whose  book  on  stellar  spec- 
troscopy is  not  only  the  latest  but  prob- 
ably the  ablest  work  of  its  kind  ex- 
tant, puts  those  stars  whose  spectra 
contain  the  bright  lines  of  helium  and 
hydrogen  in  the  first  sub-division  of  his 
first  class,  in  point  of  evolution.  Beta 
Lyra1   and   Gamma  Cassiopeia  are  two 


such  stars.  He  fancies  that  they  have 
atmospheres  composed  of  those  gases, 
enormously  extensive  as  compared  with 
those  of  other  stars,  and  possibly  hot- 
ter than  the  gaseous  envelopes  of  their 
older  companions.  In  view  of  these 
theories  one  cannot  but  ask  how  long 
it  is  since  our  world  was  in  the  condi- 
tion of  Beta  Lyra;,  whether  any  helium 
now  floats  in  our  outer  atmosphere, 
how  that  particular  portion  which  is 
now  imbedded  in  the  earth's  crust  got 
there,    and    other    similar     questions. 

A   New  Blasting  Powder. 


Several  of  the  explosives  used  iu 
blasting  within  the  last  few  years  have 
been  combinations  iu  which  chlorate  of 
potash  forms  a  conspicuous  element. 
TTith  petroleum  it  makes  "  rack-a- 
rock;"  with  saltpeter  and  crude  gam- 
boge the  "  oriental  powder,"  once  used 
in  opening  oil  wells  iu  Pennsylvania, 
and  with  potassium-ferro,  ferri-cyanide 
and  sugar  an  article  known  both  as 
"white  gunpowder"  aud  "German 
gunpowder."  This  same  salt  has  al~o 
been  mixed  with  sulphur  and  various 
other  materials  for  the  same  general 
purpose.  A  new  compound  of  the 
chlorate,  with  sugar  only,  is  now  re- 
ported from  South  Africa.  It  is  called 
"  thorite,"  probabh7  after  the  Scandi- 
navian god  of  thunder,  Thor.  For  sev- 
eral months  this  explosive  has  been 
tested  iu  coal  mines  at  Verecniging  and 
elsewhere,  with  excellent  results.  It 
is  said  to  be  almost  as  powerful  as 
dynamite,  weight  for  weight,  cheaper 
to  make,  and  virtually  free  from  un- 
pleasant fumes.  Sir  Frederick  Abel, 
one  of  the  inventors  of  cordite  and  a 
leading  authority  on  explosives  iu  Eng- 
land, has  sent  an  expert  to  Capetown 
to  establish  a  laboratory  for  further 
experiments.  Wherein  the  superiority 
of  thorite  over  other  potassium  chlorate 
powders  lies  is  not  indicated  in  the  brief 
press  notices  of  it  at  hand.  In  some  of 
the  mixtures  used,  especially  these  con- 
taining resinous  gums,  the  particles 
become  consolidated  by  heat,  a  result 
impairing  the  efficiency  of  the  product, 
and  one  which  it  would  not  be  safe  to 
overcome  by  trituration.  One  would 
anticipate  that  moisture  would  affect 
sugar  in  a  similar  way.  But  possibly 
thorite  is  guarded  from  damp  air 
scrupulously  until  it  is  used. 

The  greatest  height  of  any  cloud  yet 
measured  is  43,800  feet,  and  the  high- 
est velocity  is  112  miles  an  hour  for  a 
|  cloud  at  28,000  feet.  The  most  impor- 
tant result  thus  far  reached  from  these 
measurements  is  the  fact  that  clouds 
are  quite  regulary  distributed  in  three 
layers,  the  mean  summer  levels  for 
Upsala  being:  low  clouds — stratus, 
cumulos,  cumulo-nimbus:  two  thou- 
sand to  six  thousand  feet;  middle  clouds 
— strato-cirrus,  cumulo-cirrus:  twelve 
thousand  to  fifteen  thousand  feet;  high 
clouds — cirrus,  cirro-stratus,  cirro-cu- 
mulus, twenty  thousand  to  twenty- 
seven  thousand  feet. 

The  Wilson  s~~ 
SHOES 

AND 

D8ES. 

Guaranteed  to  Wear  Longer 
and  Prove  Cheaper  than 
sfmp — -Bigs     any  others. 

Made  by  use  of  Special  Appliances. 

PATENTED    AUGUST    16TH,    1892. 
Made  only  by 

Western  Forge  and 
Rolling  Mills, 

ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
WM.  A.  HEWITT,     -      -     Agent, 

n  sod  13  First  St ,  San  Francisco, 


The  I.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

69  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


*~  AimNUFrtCTURERS        OF- 


Stamp  flills,  Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,  Desulphurizing  Furnaces,  Etc. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contained,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Bills  for  Heavy 
Timbers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  aod  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self-Contained"  Meaus  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  aud 
Can  Be  Readily  Recognized  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plant, 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  Mill  a  Large  Bill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  and  Loss 
Of   Time. 

SECOND:  The  Saving  in  Mill- 
Wright  and  Mechanics*  Labor  in 
Framing    and    Erecting. 

THIRD:  The  Large  Amount  of 
Space    Saved. 


Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List.^~ 

Improved  Self -Contained  Cushion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill.         ^"-^CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 

N.  W,  Cor.  Main  &  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  PULL 

MACHINERY. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND    FORGINGS 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

All  work  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  Hills. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  mor*1  advantageous 
lerms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  for  the  manufacture  of  his 
Patent  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
and  sold  these  mills  for  the  past  14  years,  we  know 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
tory testimonials  prove.  We  feel  confident,  therefore, 
that  at  the  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 
there  is  placed  within  the  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL. 

Seud  for  Circulars  aud  Price  List. 


KT  WELL  MACHINERY^.*. 

All  kinds  of  tools.  Foriune  for  (he driller  t>7 using  our 
Adamantine  process;  can  takeacore.  Perfected  Econoni. 
loal  Artesian  Pumping  Hies  to  wurk  bv  Rteam,  Air,  etc. 
Letnshelprou.  TIIE  AMERICAN  WELLWOBK6. 
Aerort;    tils    CUomo,  1(1,1    UsIlMi  T»*:. 


I  INVENTORS,      "Take      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

:  226  Market  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
I  Fbakcibco.    Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
I  of  models.   Tin  and  brasBwork,    All  communica- 
lions  strictly  canWntHl 


April   20.   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific   Press. 


249 


Mechanical   Progress. 


How  an    Ax  is  flade. 


On  entering  the  main  workshop  the 
Brat  step  in  tlie  operation  which  is 
seen  is  the  formation  of  the  ax  head 
without  the  blade.  The  glowing  flat 
iron  bars  are  withdrawn  from  th.-  fur- 
nace and  are  taken  to  a  powerful  and 
rhat  complicated  machine,  which 
performs  upon  them  four  distinct 
ihaping  the  metal  to  form 
the  upper  and  lower  part-;  of  the  ax, 
then  the  eye,  and  finally  doubling  the 
piece  over  so  that  the  whole  can  be 
welded  together.  Next,  the  iron  is 
put  in  a  powerful  natural-gas  furnace 
and  heated  to  a  white  heat.  Taken 
out,  it  goes  under  a  tilt  hammer  and  is 
welded  in  a  second.  This  clone,  one 
blow  from  the  "drop"  and  the  poll  of 
the  ax  is  completed  and  firmly  welded. 
Two  crews  of  men  are  doing  this  class 
of  work,  and  each  crew  can  make  1500 
axes  per  day. 

When  the  ax  leaves  the  drop,  there 
is  some  superfluous  metal  still  adhering 
to  the  edges  and  forming  what  is  tech- 
nically known  as  a  "fin."  To  get  rid 
of  the  fin,  the  ax  is  again  heated  in  a 
furnace  and  then  taken  in  hand  by  a 
sawyer,  who  trims  the  ends  and  edges. 
The  operator  has  a  glass  in  front  of 
him  to  protect  his  eyes  from  the  sparks 
which  Hy  off  by  hundreds  as  the  hot 
metal  is  pressed  against  the  rapidly 
revolving  saw.  The  iron  part  of  the 
ax  is  now  complete.  The  steel  for  the 
blade,  after  being  heated,  is  cut  by 
machinery  and  shaped.  It  is  then 
ready  for  the  welding  department.  A 
groove  is  cut  into  the  edge  of  the  iron, 
the  steel  of  the  blade  inserted,  and  the 
whole  firmly  welded  by  machine  ham- 
mers. Next  comes  the  operation  of 
tempering.  The  steel  portion  of  the 
ax  is  heated  by  being  inserted  in  pots 
of  molten  lead,  the  blade  only  being 
immersed.  It  is  then  cooled  by  dip- 
ping in  water,  and  goes  to  the  hands  of 
the  inspector.  An  ax  is  subject  to 
rigid  tests  before  it  is  pronounced  per- 
fect. The  steel  must  be  of  the  required 
temper,  the  weight  of  all  axes  of  the 
same  size  must  be  uniform,  all  must  be 
ground  alike,  and  in  various  other  ways 
conform  to  an  established  standard. 
The  inspector  who  tests  the  quality  of 
steel  does  so  by  hammering  the  blade 
and  striking  the  edge  to  ascertain 
whether  it  be  too  brittle  or  not.  An 
ax  that  breaks  during  the  test  is 
thrown  aside  to  be  made  over. 

Before  the  material  of  the  ax  is  in 
the  proper  shape,  it  has  been  heated 
five  times,  including  the  tempering 
process,  and  the  ax,  when  completed, 
has  passed  through  the  hands  of  about 
forty  workmen,  each  of  whom  has  done 
something  toward  perfecting  it.  After 
passing  inspection,  the  axes  go  to  the 
grinding  department,  and  from  that  to 
the  polishers,  who  finish  them  upon 
emery  wheels. — Blacksmith  and  Wheel- 
wright. 

Rating    of    Feed    Water    Heaters. 


The  Peed  Water  Heater  Manufac- 
turers' Association,  composed  of  seven 
companies  manufacturing  closed  feed- 
water  heaters,  has  issued  a  circular  in 
which  the  resolutions  recently  adopted 
are  printed.  The  resolutions  set  forth 
the  belief  of  the  association  that  the 
only  proper  rating  for  feed-water 
heaters  is  based  on  the  square  feet  of 
heating  space  on  the  healer,  that  they 
agree  to  specify  the  square  feet  in  each 
heater  on  which  a  price  is  quoted,  and 
that  they  will  "in  each  and  every  case 
state  without  reservation,  both  in 
printed  catalogues  and  in  specifica- 
tions, the  diameter  of  the  tubes,  the 
number  of  lineal  feet  thereof  and  the 
total  square  feet  of  heating  surface  in 
each  heater  offered. " 

It  also  says  that  "the  term  H.  P., 
as  applied  to  feed-water  heaters,  is  an 
exceedingly  loose  and  indefinite  phrase. 
The  work  which  a  feed-water  heater 
has  to  do  depends  upon  the  number  of 
pounds  of  water  in  the  shape  of  steam 
that  an  engine  requires  per  hour." 

The  following  is  also  printed  in  the 
circular:  "A  simple  engine,  of  the 
cheapest    grade,    may    use    say    fifty 


pounds  of  water  per  H.  P.  per  hour; 
an  average  engine  will  use  perhaps 
thirty  pounds  of  water,  while  a  high- 
grade  engine  will  cut  the  consun 
<>f  water  down  to  something  like  fifteen 
pounds  per  H.  P.  per  hour.  Again, 
the  steam  which  is  used  to  heat  this 
water  will,  in  the  ease  of  a  simple  en- 
gine, have  a  temperature  of  212  ,  while 
in  the  engines  of  high  grade  it  may 
have  to  do  its  work  with  a  temperature 
of  less  than  160  ." 

The  subject  was  recently  discussed 
in  the  American  Society  of  Mechanical 
Engineers. 

Some  Comparisons   Bearing  Upon 
Engineering  Construction. 


Professional  Cards. 


Some  comparisons  of  an  important 
practical  character,  in  their  bearing 
upon  engineering  construction,  have 
recently  been  made  by  Professor 
Thurston.  From  these  it  appears  that 
cast  iron  weighs  444,  pounds  to  the 
cubic  toot,  and  an  inch-square  bar  will 
sustain  a  weight  of  16,500  pounds; 
bronze,  weight  525  pounds,  with  a 
tenacity  of  30,000;  wrought  iron,  weight 
4S0  pounds,  with  a  tenacity  of  50,000; 
hard  "struck"  steel,  weight  490 
pounds,  with  a  tenacity  of  78,000; 
aluminum,  weight  168  pounds,  with  a 
tenacity  of  26,000.  Singularly  enough, 
if  equal  weights  of  metals  and  wood  be 
compared,  it  is  found  that  several  va- 
rieties of  wood  arc  stouter  than  ordi- 
nary steel.  Thus  a  bar  of  pipe  just  as 
heavy  as,  but  no  heavier  than,  a  bar  of 
steel  an  inch  square  will  hold  up  125,000 
pounds,  the  best  ash  175,000,  and  some 
hemlock  200,000,  but  the  bulkiness  of 
wood  is  a  great  objection.  The  tenacity 
of  the  best  steel  castings  made  for  the 
United  States  navy  is  given  as  from 
65,000  to  75,000  pounds  to  the  square 
inch.  By  solidifying  such  castings 
under  great  pressure,'  double  that 
tensile  strength  has  been  reached. 


Not  Following  Instructions. 


In  criticising  the  lax  methods  used 
by  certain  people  in  handling  tools  or 
new  devices,  a  writer  in  the  Plumbers' 
Trade  Journal  says  that  manufacturers 
are  afraid  to  send  out  anything  new, 
scientific  or  novel,  for  they  know  into 
what  hands  it  is  apt  to  fall.  All  new 
stuff  should  bear  a  tag  inscribed  as 
follows:  "Do  just  the  opposite  to 
what  you  think  is  right,  and  this  fix- 
ture will  work  perfectly."  In  the  good 
old  days,  it  took  five  years  to  learn 
plumbing,  but  now  an  intelligent  man 
could,  in  five  days,  learn  more  than  a 
great  many  who  command  first-class 
wages  know.  Iu  days  gone  by, 
plumbers  were  never  known  to  say  a 
thing  was  complicated.  They  were 
glad  to  have  ideas  that  were  puzzling. 
To  be  able  to  make  repairs  on  over 
two  hundred  different  kinds  of  valves 
was  their  stock  in  trade,  and  a  lack  of 
this  knowledge  barred  out  pauper 
competition.  To-day  if  a  tramp  is  un- 
able to  get  an  article  to  work,  it  is 
condemned,  and  the  trade  is  reduced 
simply  to  delivering  the  materials  on 
the  ground  and  distributing  them  to 
their  various  positions,  the  same  as 
chairs  or  bedsteads. 


Bridges  of   Old  Rails. 

New  economies  suggest  themselves 
quickly  in  these  days,  and  one  of  the 
latest  to  crop  up  on  the  surface  is  the 
construction  of  railway  bridges  out  of 
old  rail.  The  Baltimore  &  Ohio  road 
has  two  of  these  structures  built  out 
of  scrap  such  as  accumulates  in  the 
stock  of  any  line.  The  old  rails  were 
valued  at  $9.50  a  ton.  The  angles  from 
which  the  bangers  were  made  were  of 
short  lengths  that  were  spliced  at  their 
centers.  All  gusset  plates  were  cut 
out  of  old  web  plates  which  had  been 
punched  for  other  purposes.  The  two 
bridges  were  constructed  in  the  repair 
shops  of  the  company  and  required  but 
the  simplest  tools  in  their  manufacture. 
The  advantage  of  this  curious  innova- 
tion is  that  the  old  rails,  which  are  al- 
ways on  hand,  can  be  utilized,  and  the 
cash  outlay  is  so  small  on  the  whole  job 
that  the  total  cost  is  brought  well 
within  the  price  at  which  the  cheapest 
wooden  bridges  can  safely  be    built. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

w.n.jehu.    ....    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

\  tv:H    Montgomery  Street,  San   Vram-laco. 

Rooms  16  :ind  47  Montgomery  Block. 

1  On    Ass,,),,   Analyses  ot  Minerals.   Metals 
and  tlielr  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


|  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  J 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 

■  \  i 'it,  Architecture,  Drawing: and  Assaying'. 

~l:i  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPES   ALL  VKAH. 

A.  van  DEH  NAILLEN,  President. 

i  Assaying  of  Ores.  ?j;,;  Bullion  and  Cnlorinatlon  i 

Assay,  R5j  Blowpipe  Assay.  J10.    Full  CourBe  i 

,     of  Assaying-,  *60.    Established  1864. 

,  W  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W,  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor.    ! 

Examination,  JSurvrvs,  and  Reports  upon  ] 
Mines,  Urninaco,  Tunnels,  etc. 
.    Development  of  water  for  minlnpr  and  domes-  « 
t  tic   uae,    Irripation.    and    the    production   of  , 
,  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and 
plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superin- 
tended.   Correspondence  solicited. 

Res. -923  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal.  ! 


ED1A//ARD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 
Testa  and  Estimates  for  the  improvement  of  < 
Pumping,  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants.  < 

Will  supervise  the  Construction.    Shipment* 
,  .ir  Erection  of  Machinery.      Will  make  Draw- 
,  lngs.  Estimates  or  Specifications. 
(     Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de-  ! 
t  scrlptlon.    Twenty  year's  experience. 
{     23  Davis  St.,  Rooms  30  *  31.  S.  F.,  Cal. 


GTLES  OTIS  PEARCE,     *       \ 

Mineralogist  and  Metallurgist- 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 

Will  examine  Mines,  Ore  Bodies.  Mineral 
i  Belts  or  Zones,  and  make  written  Mlneralist 
i  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 
\  plication  for  services.  I  make  my  own  assavs 
|  and  Belect  my  own  samples  when  examing- 
i  mines.  Eighteen  years'  experience.  Analysis 
[  of  water  and  soils. 


rCHAS.  S.  HARKER,  E.  M.,         \ 
Attorney-at-Law  and  Mining;  Engineer.    \ 


<  Makes  a  specialty  of  Mining  Law.  Patents  ob-  ) 
t  talned  on  mineral  and  agricultural  laudB.  > 
I  Investments  <nul  reports  made.  \ 

?  Full  charge  taken  of  property  for  absent  \ 
( owners.  C 

)     Offices:  16  &  17  No.  36  Montgomery  St. 
/  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


gomery  ni.,      * 


Almarin  B.   Paul,  JVL   E. 

Mining  Operator, 

ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
{  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco.  [ 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
1  ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  ' 
►  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest  ' 
'  in  Developed  Mines.  i 

i      Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  t 
,  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent  » 
i  instruction   for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
,  practical  scale. 


I  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, ! 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

'  Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES     WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

i  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
■  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

i  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  . 
for 'the  most  suitable  process  for  working  t 
ores. 

t  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

{Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


Everette's  Mining  Office. ! 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  MiDing  Attorney  at  t 

Law." 

,  Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and  J 
,  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper,  , 
!  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  ( 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any  , 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know,  , 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resouroes  , 
i  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given, 

Dr,  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1141  R.  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U,  S.  A, 


Foun  1  :         to  ( arey,  1786. 

HENRY     CARKY     ItAIRl)    *     CO., 

Industrial    publishers,    Bookskllbbs     and 

Importers. 

810  Walnut  st.,  Philadelphia,  r«„  v.  S.  \. 

49-Our  New  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 

anu  Scientific  Books.  SS  Pages,  8vo.,  and  our  other 

«  nutln-ui.'s  ii  Lid  Circulars,  iiu-  w  In, iHi-nverl  rig  every 
branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  r.rts,  sent  freo  and 
rreeol  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

TNAOE    MARK. 


'M. ARTHUR-FORREST  PMCUf) 

MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  -  £110,000  STERLING 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  Statos  :  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell ;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSIACHER  CHEMIW"  J 

73  Pine  Street,  New  York. 

CYANIDE 

-OF- 

POTASSIUn, 

Ferrlcyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes. 


Trade  Mark. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN. 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


Pioneer  Screen  \A/orlc»l 

JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel,  RuE-aia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

*** MIMING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

221  and  233  First  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


ife&K*fi 


^H^ 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


,  A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  Blot  holes. 
Genuine  Ruasia  Iron, 
.Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  4 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron.  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co.,  145  and  147  Beale  St,,  S.  F. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

1A//VY.  H.  BIRCH  <fe  GO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
Gary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin- 
ery, Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 
Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 
U9  Beale   St.,   San  Francisco, 


[SH^k 


DBWEY  <fc  CO 
[ggQ  market  Bt, 


g.  F. 


250 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  20    1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

TJio  following  Is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mineB 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

The  Alpine  Mine.—  Republican:  The  pros- 
pecting operations  at,  the  Alpine  mine,  in 
Plymouth,  have  led  to  the  discovery  of  a 
three-i:oot  vein  of  excellent  rock.  The  strike 
promises  much  for  Plymouth.  The  town  has 
been  in  a  depressed  condition  for  seven  or 
eight  years— ever  since  the  tire  which  put  the 
quietus  on  the  Plymouth  Consolidated  mine. 
Brief  intervals  of  mining  excitement  have 
raised  hopes  of  better  times  two  or  three 
times  since,  but  have  proven  delusive.  The 
cutting  of  a  fair-sized  ledge  of  pay  ore,  right 
in  the  town  limits,  gives  more  substantial 
hope  of  restoring  the  town  to  prosperity  than 
anything  that  has  taken  place  in  that  vicinity 
for  years. 

Miscellaneous. —The  five-stamp  mill  of  the 
Smith  Brothers  on  the  Clough  place,  near  Vol- 
cano, is  still  idle.  It  is  probable  that  the 
idleness  will  not  be  of  long  continuance.  It  is 
reported  that  the  ore  in  the  test  crushing 
yielded  #4  per  ton.  With  a  mill  of  one  bat- 
tery of  course  it  would  not  pay.  It  is  doubt- 
f ul  "if  rock  of  that  average  could  be  made  to 
pay  with  a  10-stamp  mill.  With  20  or  40 
stamps,  however,  it  ought  to  be  made  to  pay 
a  handsome  profit.  There  is  said  to  be  a 
large  body  of  ore,  equal  to  keeping  a  fair-sized 
mill  in  active  operation. 

The  Clinton  Bar  Company  have  beeu  en- 
gaged in  rearranging  their  machinery  for  the 
better  working  of  their  rich  gravel  claim  on 
the  Mokelumne  river. 

The  sum  of  $1000  was  paid  by  D.  Gutmann, 
in  behalf  of  the  Alma  Mining  Company,  to 
Rube  and  Jefferson  Boxall  last  Friday,  being 
the  first  installment  on  the  bond  for  all  the 
Boxall  interest  in  the  Alma  grouud.  The 
price  is  $5000,  and  the  time  expired  on  the  5th 
of  April.  The  company  paid  $1000  on  the 
price,  and  secured  an  agreement  extending 
the  time  for  the  balance  of  $4300  until  the  5th 
of -June.  This  payment  is  a  guarantee  that 
the  purchase  will  be  consummated. 
Calaveras. 

The  Table  Mountain  Mine.— It  is  expected 
that  the  new  ten-stamp  mill  at  the  Table 
Mountain  mine  will  he  ready  for  operation  by 
May  1st. 

Mariposa. 

Making  Proghkss.— Gazette:  The  Merced 
Mining  Company  is  having  a  road  built  from 
the  Malvina  mine  to  Coullerville.  At  the 
Potosj  mine  preparations  are  being  made  to 
put  in  a  compressor  to  run  the  Burleigh  drills, 
and  the  Potosi  and  Malvina.  arc  both  being 
connected  with  the  main  shaft  by  tunnels.  The 
shaft  at  the  Mary  Harrisiou  is  being  retimber- 
ed.  Work  on  the  ditch  to  convey  water  from 
the  south  fork  of  the  Tuolumme  river  will 
soon  be  begun. 

Active  Operations  Renewed.  — W.  S.  Chap- 
man returned  from  Mariposa  during  the  week. 
His  company  has  the  old  Hi  te  mine  and  will 
go  ahead  with  work  this  summer.  Every- 
thing in  and  around  the  mine  is  just  as  it  was 
ten  years  ago  when  the  air  compressor  broke. 
The  first  thing  Mr.  Chapman  and  his  associ- 
ates will  do  is  to  pump  out  the  mine;  then 
begin  work  on  the  300-foot  level.  The  Hite 
was  a  big  producer  and  gives  promise  of  even 
greater  productiveness. 

Mr.  Chapman  is  also  interested  in  the  Van- 
derbilt,  13  miles  from  Mariposa,  now  known 
as  the  Sunset.  The  ten  stamps  now  there 
are  to  have  ten  additional,  and  the  twenty 
will  pound  this  summer. 

Nevada. 

The  Cedar  Mine.— Tidinys:  The  Cedar 
mine,  about  twelve  miles  below  Grass  Valley, 
is  looking  exceedingly  well.  This  mine  is  in 
charge  of  .Tas.  R.  Niekerson.  There  is  now  a 
twelve-foot  ledge  of  quartz  in  the  mine  and 
assays  from  portions  of  it  have  gone  above  ¥60 
per  ton.    The  rock  iu  uniformly  good. 

T/msW.  Y.  O.  D.— The  W.  Y.'O.  D.  mine, 
which  has  one  of  the  best  plants  of  any  mine 
in  the  district,  or  State,  will  soon  have  ten 
additional  stamps  to  grind  out  the  precious 
metal. 

The  company  is  now  considering  bids  for  the 
new  improvement  and  there  will  be  no  delay 
in  having  the  work  done  as  soon  as  the  contract 
is  let.  The  Union  learns  from  a  reliable  source 
that  the  mine  has  shown  great  improvement 
o\'  late  in  the  quality  of  the  ore.  which  war- 
rants  going  to  the  expense  of  increasing  the 
capacity  of  the  mill.  In  fact  it  may  be  said 
that  dividends  are  again  in  sight. 

The  workof  running  the  drift  and  sinkiug 
the  shaft  have  been  vigorously  pushed  and 
the  mine  is  so  well  opened  that"  the  full  force 
of  men  can  be  employed  in  stoping  the  quartz 
wheu  the  capacity  of  the  mill  will  admit  of 
crushing  all  the  ore  that  may  be  extracted 
through  it. 

The  principal  work  is  now  being  done  iu  the 
shaft  and  the  1300,  1200,  700,  and  1000  levels. 

Fifty  men  arc  employed  at  the  W,  Y.  O.  D., 
nearly  all  of  whom  are  on  day's  pay. 

The  Gold  Ridge  Mine.— Tidi-nys;  The 
Gold  Ridge  mine,  in  the  northern  part  of  the 
county,  not  far  from  North  Bloomfield,  is 
making  arrangements  to  put  up  a  forty-stamp 
mill.  They  have  an  immense  ledge  of"  quartz, 
and  they  are  ruuning  a  tunnel,  which  is  in 
about  200  feet,  for  a  gravel  channel  which  is 
known  to  be  rich.  The  mill  site  will  be 
located  iu  Sierra  county.  Richard  Phelau  is 
superintendent  of  the  Gold  Ridge. 

The  National,— The  National  mine,  located 
one  and  a  half  miles  from  Graniteville,  has 
begUD  operations  after  having  been  closed 
down  during  the  winter  on  account  of  the 
ditch  being  blocked  with  snow.  The  National 
ordinarily  employs  twelve  to  fifteen  men. 

Goon  Returns.— TVtiiJiys:  Three  tons  of 
■,  uartz  from  the   Morgan  and  Tilley  ledge   in 


Willow  valley  were  recently  shipped  to  San 
Francisco  and  treated  by  the  Selby  Smelting 
Works.  It  brought  over  $70  to  the  ton.  The 
I  ore  is  rebellious  and  does  not  pay  by  the  ordi- 
nary milling  process. 

A  Goon  Showing. —The  Tran*cri)>t  says 
the  amount  of  money  paid  out  for  labor  at  the 
mines  in  that  district  during  the  past  mouth 
was  larger  than  has  been  paid  out  in  one 
month  for  a  similar  purpose  in  many  years 
before.  It  is  also  said  that  the  number  of  men 
engaged  iu  mining  exceeds  considerably  what 
it  has  been  for  many  years.  "This  improve- 
ment has  been  steady  and  substantial  and  the 
increase  in  the  number  of  men  employed  has 
been  gradual  and  is  likely  to  continue  in  the 
same  way  for  several  months.  We  have  men 
enough,  however,  as  the  demand  will  not  be 
sudden,  and  therefore  it  is  an  easy  matter  to 
get  miners  whenever  they  are  wanted. " 
Placer. 

Will  Put  Up  a  Mill.— The  Bella-Union 
quartz  claim  adjoining  the  Pike  Bell  five- 
stamp  mill  on  the  American  river,  assays  rich 
ore.  Such  a  good  showing  is  made  that  the 
company  is  putting  up  a  mill.  They  have 
enough  ore  in  sight  to  pay  all  expenses.  The 
Pike  Bell  adjoining  is  milling  rich  ore. 
Plumas. 

The  Font  Hills.— Independent:  Operations 
will  be  resumed  at  the  Four  Hills  quartz 
mine  this  summer.  This  mine  has  not  been 
operated  for  some  years. 

Riverside. 

A  Fine  Ledge  Opened.—  Record:  A  well- 
defined  ledge  has  been  found  in  the  Golden 
Chariot  mine,  six  miles  west  of  Perris.  It  is 
the  intention  of  the  owners  of  the  mine, 
Messrs.  Day  &  French  of  Redlands,  to  sink 
ou  the  ledge  until  a  supply  of  water  sufficient 
to  run  a  mill  is  found.  The  Golden  Chariot 
is  an  extension  of  the  Santa  Rosa,  and  150 
feet  higher  on  the  surface.  Water  was  found 
in  the  Santa  Rosa  at  a  depth  of  200  feet,  there- 
fore it  is  computed  that  a  shaft  850  feet  on 
the  Golden  Chariot  will  be  necessary  to  de- 
velop an  adequate  supply  of  water.  The 
Golden  Chariot  ledge  is  said  by  many  to  be 
the  mother  lead  of  all  the  Pinacatc  mines. 

Thk  Sunnvside  Mine.— This  mine,  located 
three  and  a  half  miles  southeast  of  the  Good 
Hope,  is  now  down  forty  feet  and  has  a  three- 
foot  ledge  assaying  $25  in  gold  and  $4  in  silver 
to  the  ton.  It  is  a  promising  property  and 
grows  richer  as  depth  is  attained.  The  state- 
ment that  $100  and  $300  ore  had  been  found  in 
the  mine  is  entirely  erroneous.  The  mine  is 
a  good  one,  but  statements  to  the  effect  that 
§200  ore  is  being  taken  from  a  ledge  that  pro- 
duces ore  worth  only  one-eighth  of  that 
amount  are  discouraging  to  mining  districts, 
and  their  truth  should  be  enquired  into  before 
they  are  given  to  the  public. 

San  Bernardino. 

A  Rich  Strike  Reported.— A  private  letter 
reports  a  rich  strike  in  the  Rose  mine  in  Lone 
Valley,  made  on  the  450  ft.  level,  which  was 
drifted  on  for  45  feet  and  sunk  on  fur  55  feet. 
There  is  eight  feet  of  high  grade  ore,  some 
of  it  going  §200.  The  rock  is  limestone  and 
mica  schist.  The  new  strike  appears  to  be  in 
the  west  end  of  the  mine. 

Shasta. 

General  Mining  Notes. — Democrat :  Ellery 
Brothers,  at  French  Gulch,  ran  their  Hunt- 
ington mill  two  days  last  week  and  cleaned 
up  #500.  This  makes  $2180  from  seven  days' 
run.  The  ledge  has  widened  from  four  inches 
to  three  feet. 

The  Gladstone  Company  keeps  the  mill  go- 
ing steadily.  The  Washington  also  shows  a 
fine  ore  body. 

A  bunch  of  high-grade  copper  ore  has  been 
found  near  Whiskytown. 

Col.  Connors  has  struck  a  very  rich  ledge  of 
coarse  gold  and  free-milling  gold  on  Boulder 
creek. 

At  Muletown  a  Mr.  Haskall  has  bonded 
nearly  everything  in  sight,  the  Dobeliu  and 
Whit  George  claims  being  among  the  number. 

Fred  Grotefend  has  bonded  the  After- 
thought and  Donkey  mines  at  Furnaceville. 
An  Eastern  party  talks  of  erecting  antimony 
works  there. 

It  is  rumored  that  the  Northern  Light  and 
Bully  Hill  properties  are  sold  to  a  Los  Angeles 
party.    Mr.  Book  is  the  raiddlemau. 

It  is  also  rumored  that  R.  M.  Sseltzer  and 
Judge  Reed  have  bonded  the  Winthrop.  A 
party  has  also  bonded  several  claims  carrying 
base  metals  near  Bass'  store  on  Pitt  river. 

At  Iron  Mountain  the  company  now  have 
about  100  men  at  work.  The  going  wages  are 
SI.  a  day  and  grub. 

R.  G.  Hart,  in  Old  Diggings,  talks  of  put- 
tiug  in  twenty  more  stamps. 

J.  M.  Gleaves  has  just  finished  surveying 
the  Central  group  for  a  patent. 

Charley  Dozier  of  San  Francisco  has  just 
finished  sampling  the  Hendy  property  in  Old 
Diggings,  and  has  shipped  a  carload  of  ore  to 
Frisco. 

W.  P.  Miller  has  200  tons  of  ore  out  and  is 
hauling  it  to  his  mill  at  Middle  Creek. 
Siskiyou. 

Mining  Notes. — Journal:  The  Espey  Min- 
ing Co.  has  completed  the  extension  of  the 
electric  light  plaut  ditch  at  Shasta  river,  and 
securing  foundation  for  the  pump  is  progress- 
ing rapidly,  with  most  of  the  machinery  hauled 
to  the  ground.  As  soon  as  the  pump  is  set  in 
place,  the  extension  pipe  will  be  laid  to  the 
top  of  the  hill,  and  a  large  flume  built  at  the 
same  time  from  top  of  hill  southward  to  the 
claim  near  the  town  of  Hawkinsville.  It  is 
expected  the  company  will  be  able  to  com- 
mence work  with  giautsand  in  sluicing  before 
the  4th  of  July  next. 

The  Schroeder  mine  on  Dead  wood  mountain 
is  being  worked  and  the  mill  kept  well  sup- 
plied. The:  e  is  a  good  deal  of  snow  yet  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  mine,  but  will  soon  be  gone. 

New  Stamp  Mill. — The  new  stamp  mill  of 
the  Black  Jack  Mining  Co.,  at  Hornbrook,    is 


finished,  and  about  thirty  men  will  have  em- 
ployment there  this  summer. 
Sierra. 

Mining  Property  Attached.— Downieville 
Maiscnycr:  A  heavy  attachment  was  levied 
upon  the  Gold  Bluff  Mining  Company's  prop- 
erty last  Monday  afternoon.  We  understand 
that  Mr.  Hobbs,*on  behalf  of  the  electric  com- 
panv  which  furnished  the  electrical  machinery 
to  the  miue,  filed  the  first  lien,  whereupon 
John  Costa  put  on  an  attachment  for  about 
$10,000  due  him.  This  was  quickly  followed 
by  the  workmen  levying  a  miner's  lien  upon 
the  propertv,  which  has  since  been  assigned 
to  John  Costa,  he  buving  them  all  in.  The 
total  attachment  will  aggregate  nearly  §20,000. 
The  cause  of  this  cannot  he  attributed  to  the 
failure  of  the  mine's  production,  but  is  no 
doubt  due  to  an  endeavor  ou  the  company's 
part  to  erect  costlv  outside  improvements, 
and  the  failure  of  the  stockholders,  who  live 
in  New  York,  to  respond. 

NEVADA. 

LINCOLN. 

PiltENix  Mill.— AVcm-d:  The  mill  of  the 
Phoenix  Reduction  Co.  at  Bullionville  is  now 
running  steadily  on  a  lot  of  ore  from  the  April 
Fool  miue,  in  Ferguson  district.  After  this 
is  run  through,  a  lot  of  gold-bearing  rock  from 
the  Flagstaff  mine  will  be  worked  there. 

LYON. 

A  Permanent  Camp.— Dan  De  Quille: 
Silver  City  is  the  mothergold  camp  of  Nevada. 
Work  began  on  the  gold-bearing  veins  of  that 
place  thirty-five  years  ago,  and  has  been  in 
constant,  progress  ever  since.  Miners  who 
took  hold  of  mines  in  Silver  City  in  1850-00  are 
still  there,  and  holding  on  to  their  ground. 
They  have  married,  reared  families  and  are 
grandfathers;  still  their  mines  do  not  fail 
them.  Old  as  is  the  camp,  about  as  many  new 
discoveries  are  being  made  there  as  anywhere 
in  the  country.  The  permanency  of  this  old 
camp  should  encourage  all  who  are  interested 
in  the  gold  mines  of  Nevada.  In  every  part 
of  the  State  where  paying  gold  mines  have 
been  found,  the  veins  still  pay.  Barren  spots 
may  be  found  once  in  a  while,  but  no  mine  is 
all  ''bonanza  " — some  "borrasea"  must  be 
expected. 

The  Deal  Probably  off.—  Salt  Lake  Tri- 
bune: Charles  Legg  of  Bingham,  who  went 
to  Elko,  Nev.,  to  examine  the  mines  of  the 
Oetorora  group  for  Salt  Lake  parties,  has  re- 
turned, but  has  not  yet  tiled  his  official  report. 
He  has  stated  to  his  clients  that  the  property 
is  not  as  good  as  represented,  and  it  is  believ- 
ed that  the  prospective  deal  is  now  off. 

Silver  Star  District.—  Eutcrprw:  The 
Brown  mine  is  the  only  developed  property  in 
the  camp.  The  average  grade  of  the  ore  is 
§100  per  ton.  There  is  now  some  $375,000 
worth  of  this  ore  in  sight.  The  other  claims 
all  have  pay  ore  in  sight  but  none  is  of  so  rich 
quality  as  that  in  the  Brown,  the  general 
average  apparently  being  from  twenty  to  forty 
dollars.  There  are  ten  or  twelve  well  defined 
ledges,  but  the  ledges,  with  the  exception  of 
the  Brown,  are  apparently  small,  none  having 
been  developed. 

There  are  situated  on  two  sides  of  the  moun- 
tain. Those  on  the  east  side  where  the  Brown 
ledge  is  owned,  from  east  to  west,  and  those 
on  the  west  side  from  north  to  south. 

There  are  at  present  120  men  in  the  camp. 
The  most  of  the  claims  are  being  worked  by 
lease-holders,  and  while  some  of  these  are 
making  money,  they  are  the  exception  rather 
than  the  rule.  The  reasons  that  lease-holders 
are  not  as  a  rule  prospering  at  Silver  Star  is 
that  the  ore  is  of  comparatively  low  grade, 
and  they  having  limited  capital  have  much  to 
contend  with. 

Prices  at  Silver  Star  are  exorbitant.  It 
costs  $0.50  per  ton  to  mill  ore  in  lots  less  than 
fifty  tons  and  $5  in  lots  of  fifty  tons  or  more, 
and  few  of  the  lease-holders  can  wait  until  they 
have  accumulated  this  amount.  It  costs  from 
$1.50  to  $3  per  ton  to  transport  this  ore  from 
the  mines  to  the  mills.  There  being  no  roads, 
it  all  has  to  be  packed  on  mules. 

Lumber  costs  $40  per  thousand.  There  is 
plenty  of  water  on  the  east  side  of  the  moun- 
tain to  run  the  Douglass  Company's  mill;  but 
the  Douglass  Company  controls  it  all.  Thus 
it  will  be  seen  that  leasers,  after  paying  ten 
per  cent  for  their  mines,  have  much  to  con- 
tend with. 

TnE  Mining  Outlook.—  The  mining  outlook 
in  this  State  is  very  promising  at  the  present 
time.  Silver  Star  district  will  be  a  fine  camp 
in  the  near  future.  They  are  talking  of  min- 
ing properities  in  that  district  way  up  in  the 
hundred  thousand  figures,  and  the  grass  roots 
have  hardly  been  disturbed  yet.  White  Horse 
district,  in  Humboldt  county,  is  attracting 
attention,  while  the  placer  mines  just  north 
of  Reno  promise  to  develop  into  something 
worth  having,  to  say  nothing  of  the  quick- 
silver, gold  and  silver  prospects  about  twenty 
miles  north  of  Reno.  Kennedy  district  is 
under  a  cloud  just  now,  but  it  has  a  silver 
lining  and  much  may  be  expected  of  that  camp 
this  season.    They  are  all  gold  prospects,  too. 

Mason  Valley  Golb.—  Dayton  Times:  W. 
H.  Spragg  was  in  from  Mason  Valley  the  first 
of  this  week  and  from  him  we  learn  that  the 
new  gold  discoveries  in  the  upper  end  of  the 
valley,  about  six  miles  from  Yerington,  are 
opening  up  very  well.  The  three  .principal 
claims  in  the  district  so  far  are  the  Mountain 
Chief,  Silver  Leaf  and  Jack  Wilson.  The 
ledge  in  the  Mountain  Chief  is  all 
of  two  feet  wide  as  far  as  has  been 
uncovered,  and  it  can  be  traced  on  the 
surface  for  over  a  distance  of  1,500  feet.  As- 
says from  this  claim  go  $150  in  gold  and  $35  in 
silver.  The  other  two  claims,  which  are  far- 
ther down  the  mountain  side,  are  also  show- 
ing up  some  good  ore,  and  the  ledges  are,  so 
far  as  known,  from  six  inches  to  three  feet  in 
width.  Assays  from  the  Silver  Leaf  go  from 
&7  to  $115  in  gold  and  from  $1  to  $30  in  silver. 
Assays  from  the  Jack  Wilson  go  from  $25  to 
$213  in  gold  and  from  $2  to  $12  in  silver.  There 
is  enough  ore  in  sight  in  the  Silver  Leaf  and 


the  Mountain  Chief  with  what  little  work 
has  been  done,  to  keep  a  ten-stamp  mill  run- 
ning for  a  year  or  more,  Messrs.  Spragg  and 
Martin,  who  own  these  claims,  are,  in  com- 
pany with  a  millwright  named  Nixon  from 
San  Francisco,  putting  up  a  horse-power 
arrastra,  and  will  have  the  same  completed  and 
working  ore  next  week.  The  ore  will  only 
have  to  be  hauled  about  half  a  mile.  These 
mines  are  liable  to  prove  bonanzas  to  their 
owners  at  no  distant  day. 

ARIZONA. 

Locating  Mining  Claims.—  Jniunut-AJinrr: 
The  passage  of  the  mining  law  by  the  recent, 
Legislature  seems  to  have  given  quite  an  im- 
petus to  the  location  of  mining  claims.  The 
law  does  not  take  effect  until  July  1,  1805, 
and  locations  can  be  made  previously  without 
one  being  compelled  to  do  a  certain  amount  of 
development  work  prior  to  recording.  During 
the  first  two  days  of  the  present  month  forty- 
three  location  notices  were  filed  for  record, 
twenty  of  which  were  for  lithograph  stone, 
and  up  to  uoon  of  the  third  day  eight  had 
beeu  filed  for  record,  making  a  total  of  fiftj'- 
one  notices  for  the  two  and  a  half  days. 

Vicinity  of  Yuma. — A  good  road  has  been 
built  by  the  miners  from  Blaisdell  station  to 
Thomas  Camp.  The  ore  there  ready  for  ship- 
ment will  soon  be  hauled  in  to  the  station  and 
sent  to  San  Francisco. 

There  are  three  carloads  of  tank  material  at 
Aztec  awaiting  transportation  for  the  Harqua 
Hala  Gold  Mining  Co.,  to  be  used  in  their  how 
plant  for  working  the  tailings  by  the  cyanide 
process. 

Seven  ounces  of  free  gold  have  been  cleaned 
up  from  the  waste  of  the  Arizona  and  Halt 
Moon  claims  at  Thomas  Camp.  These  proper- 
ties are  yielding  shipping  ore. 

uAn  expert  is  said  to  have  lately  visited 
the  Queen  mine  of  the  Golden  Cross  Company, 
and  estimated  the  amount  of  ore  in  sight  at 
2,000,000  tons  worth  $H  a  ton.  The  Queen  is 
something  of  a  blanket  ledge,  lying  at  an 
angle  of  about  30°. "  This  is  from  the  Yuma 
Times. 

Grading  has  been  resumed  on  the  site  for 
the  sixty-stamp  mill  at  Golden  Cross.  Some  of 
the  timbers  will  soon  begin  to  arrive.  The 
new  site  is  well  up  on  the  side  of  the  hill  and 
affords  pleuty  of  room  for  tailings.  When  the 
sixty  stamps  are  ready  to  run,  the  present, 
forty-stamp  mill  will  be  set  up  alongside  of 
them,  making  100  stamps  in  a  string. 

Around  Jerome.  —  The  Jerome  <_Vironielr 
says:  Charles  Ward  has  bonded  the  Copper 
Matte  group  of  mines,  consisting  of  four  min- 
ing claims,  as  follows :  Copper  Matte,  Black 
Hawk,  Wizard  and  Daunted.  He  has  inter- 
ested L.  P.  Drexler  in  the  property,  who  put- 
chased  a  two- thirds  interest,  and  Mr.  Ward  a 
one-third  for  himself.  Mr.  Ward  says  they 
paid  $10,000  for  the  whole  group.  The  claims 
are  on  what  is  called  the  "south  end"  lode, 
and  two  and  one-half  miles  south  oPJerome. 
The  development  done  on  them  consists  of  a 
forty-foot  shaft,  showing  good  ore  as  it  went 
down.  At  the  bottom  the  ore  is  of  better 
grade.  The  shaft  is  still  in  ore  which  carries 
gold,  silver  and  copper.  Mr.  Ward  informs  us 
that  they  intend  to  put  up  a  steam  hoist, 
build  a  road  and  sink  the  shaft  deeper.  The 
future  will  depend  upon  what  Mr.  Drexler's 
views  may  be  after  he  arrives  from  San  Fran- 
cisco and  makes  an  examination  of  the  prop- 
erty. 

BKITISH  COLUMBIA. 

The  Josie. — Nelson  Tribune:  R.  E.  Lemon 
is  either  lucky  or  unlucky.  Last  year  when 
he  sold  his  interest  in  the  Josie,  a  Trail  creek 
prospect,  for  $7,000,  he  thought,  he  was  play- 
ing in  good  luck.  Were  he  to  see  the  Josie  to- 
day, he  would  think  he  played  in  bad  luck. 
The  whole  width  of  the  lower  tunuel  is  in  ore. 
and  the  walls  are  as  well  defined  as  those  of  a 
plastered  house.  The  ore  body  is  between 
five  and  six  feet  wide,  the  ore  is  clean,  and 
the  grade  is  higher  than  the  ore  from  either 
the  Le  Roi  or  War  Eagle.  The  face  of  the 
tunnel  is  nearly  200  feet  from  the  surface,  and 
experts  reckon  the  Josie  to  be  worth  $100,000. 

Le  Roi  Will  MakeThtngs  Hum.—  At  a  re- 
cent meeting  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the 
Le  Roi  Mining  Company,  Mauager  J.  N.  Pey- 
ton was  instructed  to  purchase  immediately 
for  the  use  of  the  company  an  additional  boiler 
of  100-horse  power  and  a  new  hoist  of  100  tons 
per  day  capacity.  The  company  now  has  on 
its  dump  ready  to  ship  1000  tons  of  ore.  and  in- 
tends to  produce  and  ship  fifty  tons  per  day 
during  the  summer  months,  and  additional 
hoisting  machinery  is  necessary  to  take  care 
of  the  increased  output.  The  company  is  giv- 
ing employment  to  all  freighters  who  make 
application  at  the  mine,  and  could  use  ten  or 
fifteen  additional  four-horse  teams. 

COLORADO, 

CRIPPLE  CHEEK. 

C.  O.  D.  Mine  Sold  For  $000,000.—  The  C. 
O.  D.  mine,  in  Poverty  Gulch,  has  been  sold 
for  the  reported  sum  of  $000,000.  The  sale 
which  has  been  pending  for  a  short  time  only, 
was  ratified  this  week,  when  $25,000  of  the 
purchase  price  was  deposited  in  the  First 
National  Bank  of  Cripple  Creek  in  the  name 
of  the  original  owners. 

The  check  was  signed  by  H.  R.  Lounsberry 
of  New  York,  who  conducted  the  purchase, 
and  who  is  supposed  to  be  acting  for  a  party 
of  New  York  men  and  also  largely  for  him- 
self. 

The  C.  O.  D.  mine  was  the  property  of  Troy, 
Burke,  Sutt  and  Penrose.  Ten  days  ago,  they 
say,  they  gave  an  option  on  the  mine  for  ten 
days  at  $000,000.  They  now  declare  they  had 
no  idea  it  would  be  taken  up  in  that  short 
period  of  time,  and  therefore  made  no  prep- 
arations for  turning  the  property  over  to  the 
new  owners.  The  option  expired,  and  in  ac- 
cordance with  its  terms  the  $25,000  was  paid 
in  the  bank  and  the  final  papers  signed.  All 
the  money  is  to  be  paid  by  July  1st. 

IDAHO. 

Placer  Mines  Sold.—  Caldwell  Tribune: 
F.  Steunenberg  has  sold  to  E.  T.  Staples,  of 
Pavette.  a  half  interest  in   the  Colorado  Bar 


April  20,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


And  )ti>-T  Bar   placer    mines ;    cansl* 

.v.-  situated  on  Mld- 
r.  LOO  miles  east  of  Caldwell. 

A  VlRl    Bl*i     Sis 

A  very  rich  strike  Is  reported  from  the  xeilow 

.  ;-'-i;i  <  ' p. my.      A  700,000- 

tou  body  <'f  ore  hoc   been  uncovered  on  the 

Claims.      It    is    free 

milling  and   will  yield  in  tin-  uci:,'hl>.>rhood  of 

119  u  I 

Tub  Bcnker  Hill  and   Sullivan.-   At    a 

i .  ill  and  Sullh  .     I 

pany.  at   whl<  k holders 

e  of  the 
company,  it  \-  Ln    view   of   the  pre- 

Ituatlon,   to  further  curtail  expenses, 
and  thai  'in.- 1  impany  would  i»"t  consider  the 
subject  ol   b  tar  ting  up  al  all  for  the  present, 
nor  until  such  t  [me  us  they  received  full  assur- 
ance that  when  they  do,  the  community   will 
allow  them  to  manage  their  own   business, 
.  s  own   best  judg- 
-  furl  her  resolved  to  pursue 
tiit--  policy  it  hus  always  followed,  <>r  not  mak- 
ing anj  o  with  any  association  what- 
i  order  to  !•<■  able   to  run   the  mine. 
When   *  rl   up  they  intend  to  take 
b  ■  ■■  ■.'.  ho  ha  ire  si 
,   giving  them,  all  oondi- 
leinge&ual,  preference  over  those  that 
have   in    the  past    tried    tt.   interfere  in   the 
management    of  the  company's  own  private 

affair.--.    Tl mi-any  for  some  time  past  has 

been  looking  into  the  matter  of  installing 
sinking  machinery,  and  also  machinery  for 
d  pari  of  the  mineral  that  at  present 
goes  Into  the  tailings.  As  the  installation  of 
all  this  machinery  Involves  an  expenditure  of 
a  large  amount  of  money,  the  whole  matter 
will  be  held  in  abeyance  until  the  company 
b  the  community  Mi. a  it  can  man- 
age  its  own  affairs  and  run  the  mine  in  its 
own  waj  for  a  period  of  a1  leasl  three  years. 
up,  the  company  will  not  Koto  the  ex- 
pense of  starting  up  until  if  is  absolutely  cer- 
tain that  the  community  will  hereafter  not 
interfere  with  the  management  of  the  com- 
pany's business,  nor  drive  out  of  town  Ameri- 
can Citizens  who  may  desire  to  work  for  the 
company. 

The  following  proposition  is  boingeirculated 
for  signatures: 

"We,  the  undersigned,  citizens  of  Wardner 
and  Kellogg,  in  consideration  of  the  extremely 
low  prices  of  lead  and  silver  now  ruling,  and 
in  further  consideration  of  the  fact  that  the 
cost  of  living  lias  decreased,  believe  that 
while  these  low  prices  continue,  $3  per  day 
for  minors  ami  -  j  ;,o  per  day  for  laborers,  are 
fair  and  just  rates  of  wages.  We  further 
believe  that  the  Bunker  Hill  and  Sullivan 
Mining  &  Concentrating  Company  has  the 
same  right  to  manage  its  own  affairs  as 
we    have    to    manage  ours;  and   we  hereby 


pledge  the  company  our  cordial  support  in  its 
to  pay  no  higher  wages  white 

the  prices  oJ  lead  and  silver      "      o  '    ,- 

Bunkbb  Hn  i  Opfbs  Twenty-live 
of  the  business  men  ...f  Wardner  and  Kellogg 
called-ai  Mr,  Corning  and  Mr.  Bradley  of  the 
Bunker  Bill  and  Sullivan  office,  Sunday  even- 
ing. March  31,  toconslderthequestion  of  start- 
mine.  On  being  asked  under 
iircumstances  they   would  start.    Mr. 

Corning  replied  :  "We  will  start  the  mine 
providing  the  citizens  of  Wardner  will  stand 
by  us.  we  ask  do  man  to  shoulder  a  gun,  and 
we  will  pay  $3.60  and  &i  for  tabor,  and  as  soon 
as  lead  and  silver  advance  we  will  pay  more. 
Furthermore,  we  want  it  plainly  understood 
that  we  will  no1  recognize  any  labor  organiza- 
tion whatever 

A  Bio  Proposition. — Review:  An  immense 
vein  of  rich  galena  ore  was  recently  uncovered 
in  the  Helena  and  Frisco  mines  in  the  l'o-ur 
d'Alene  country.  Theproperty  is  owned  by  S. 
T.  Hauser,  A.  M.  Houlter,  John  T.  Murphy, 
A.  J.  Seligmau,  Peter  Larson,  A.  M.  Esler, 
H.  Barbour  ami  E.  W.  Knight.  These  gentle- 
men have  invested  about  11,000,000  and  have 
taken  out  about  $1,500,000  in  cool  cash.  The 
find  is  reported  to  be  the  greatest  over  made 
in  a  galena  property,  and  was  at  first  doubted 
by  the  Helena  owners.  The  now  ore  body 
was  Liicountored  in  a  drift  eighty  feet  from 
the  100-foot  level,  where  a  body  of  solid  ore 
sixty  feet  wide  was  exposed  in  a  crosscut. 
The  pay  streak  as  shown  in  the  shaft  and 
drift  from  the  surface  extends  800  feet  along 
the  vein,  as  demonstrated  in  prospecting 
shafts. 

A  full  equipment  of  the  most  modern  ma- 
chinery has  been  ordered  for  the  mine,  all  of 
which  will  cost  in  the  neighborhood  of  $40,000. 
The  equipment  includes  a  compressor,  which 
will  be  the  largest  in  America,  running  as  it 
will  between  forty  and  forty-five  drills.  This 
machinery  will  be  in  position  and  full  opera- 
tion on  or  about  August  1.  When  the  new 
machinery  is  in  and  the  mine  being  worked 
to  the  full  capacity  of  the  mill  the  profits 
will  amount  toover  §25,000  per  month. 

MONTANA. 

The  Golden  Scnlight  Mises.— Review: 
The  American  Development  and  Mining  Com- 
pany have  taken  full  charge  of  tho  Golden 
Sunlight  group  of  mines  near  Whitehall,  and 
intend  working  it  on  a  larger  scale  than  ever 
before.  The  closing  down  of  this  property  two 
weeks  ago  by  the  New  York  company  threw 
quite  a  shadow  of  disparagement  over  the 
Whitehall  district  and  for  a  while  the  situa- 
tion looked  quite  dubious.  Bernard  McDonald, 
president  of  the  A.  D.  and  M.  Company,  went 
over  there  last  week  and  took  charge  of  the 
property  after  the  New  York  syndicate  had 
thrown  up  their  bond  and  lease.     Everything 


on  the  premises,  including  machinery,  build- 
ings and  railroad  improvements,  reverted 
back  to  the  original  owner.  The  New  Yorh 
company  had  the  property  bonded  for  1500,000, 
Upon  which  they  had  paid  1165,000,  with  the 
fourth  payment  due  in  April.  This  they  for- 
feited when  due,  and  DO  time  would  b©  given 
them  on  an  extension. 

The  American  Development  and  Mining 
Company  will  now  go  ahead  with  the  work 
themselves  with  .lames  H  Henley,  formerly 
superintendent  at  the  Granite  Mountain 
mines,  as  the  manager  Of  the  property  and  one 

of  its    trustees 

OREGON. 

BAKEB. 

Rich  Stbxke  at  the  Virtue.— Democrat: 
There  was  another  rich  strike  made  at  tho 
Virtue  mine  yesterday  and  from  all  reports  it 
is  the  most  extensive  gold  deposit  unearthed 
in  this  section  for  a  long  time. 

Persons  who  were  at  the  mine  yesterday 
and  who  came  to  town  report  that  during  the 
time  they  were  at  the  mine  the  miners  were 
coming  up  from  the  shaft  with  candle  boxes 
filled  with  gold,  seamed  with  quartz. 

The  new  find  was  uncovered  in  the  cross- 
cut tunnel  from  the  300  foot  level,  it  is  cer- 
tain that  tho  $20,000  monthly  output  with 
twenty  stamps  will  be  considerably  increased 
from  this  time  on. 

UTAH. 

A  New  Pbooess.— Tribune:  William  Kelly, 
of  Ophir,  has  discovered  a  process  for  treating 
gold,  silver  and  lead  ores,  which  saves  ninety- 
five  per  cent  of  the  values,  at  a  cost,  he  claims, 
of  $2.50  per  ton. 

WYOMING. 

A  Good  Mine.— Bart  Bissaca,  of  Beulah,  is 
said  to  be  the  owner  of  a  gold  mine  that  shows 
$780  to  the  ton  in  gold,  with  a  good  body  of 
such  ore  in  sight. 


1 


RUPTURE! 

t   ii»h   Im!«*ii   considered    by   the   medical 

profoHHtun  tlml  h.'i-ul.. — commonly  railed 
rapture— was  Incunblei  except  by  aurpi- 
cal  operation,  which  Is   both   dangerous 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  David  Croft.  In  the  Gold  Deposit  mine, 
near  Kelsey.  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  deposit  tailings  In  an 
old  hydraulic  pit;  from  Wm.  F.  Coe.  In  the  Railroad 
Placer  Mine,  near  Placervllle,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  de- 
posit tailings  behind  dams  in  Spanish  Flat  Ravine; 
from  J.  C.  Day,  in  his  mine  near  Georgetown,  El 
Dorado  Co.,  to  impound  tailings  in  an  old  hydraulic 
pit;  from  John  A.  Browles,  in  the  Independence 
Mine,  near  Brownsville,  Yuba  Co..  to  Impound  tail- 
ings behind  a  dam  in  Letson  Ravine;  from  Wm. 
Hemdng  et  al,  In  the  Iowa  Mine,  near  Forest  Hill. 
Placer  Co..  to  Impound  tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a 
ravine;  from  Jan.  Ward  &,  Wm.  McDonald.  In  the 
Tiger  Mine,  near  Forest  Hill.  Placer  Co.,  to  Impound 
tailings  behind  a  dam  in  a  ravine;  from  Jos.  J.  Hoff- 
man et  al.,  in  the  Hard  Times  Mine.  Bath,  Placer 
Co.,  to  Impound  tailings  in  an  old  hydraulic  pit: 
and  from  Wm.  &,  Wm.  J.  S.  Bacchi.  In  the  EI  Dorado 
Placer  Mine.  Garden  Valley,  El  Dorado  Co.,  to  Im- 
pound tailings  in '  ravine  below  the  mine,  gives 
notice  that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  Room  92,  Flood 
Building.  San  Francisco,  on  April  22d,  1895,  at  1:30  P.M. 


to  life  ami  very  rarely  ever  successful.  Bat 
UK.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  80  and  81  CHRONI- 
CLE in  1 1  in  M.  htttt  opened  a  new  Held  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  in  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  mau  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  no 
chance  of  auy  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
Is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical 
College,  of  New  York  City. 

*  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(SucceBBOrs  10  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

110  &  113  ISKAI.K  STREET,  S.  P. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps,    -f    Steam  Engines. 
.     .    ,4"  Kftufa  Of  MACHINERY 


IMPROVED    CRAWFORD    MILL 

The  Cheapest  and  Best  Mill  for  extracting  gold  from  comparatively  free  milling  ores. 
Requires  one-third  the  water,  and  three-fourths  the  power  of  stamps.  Costs  less,  is  operated 
cheaper,  and  will  save  20  to  40  per  cent  more  gold.  Average  saving  85  per  cent.  Inexpensive 
foundation.  No  plates  or  screens.  Wear  and  tear  guaranteed  not  to  exceed  thirty  cents  per 
ton.      Capacity   ten    tons.     Full   particulars, 

MECHANICAL  GOLD  EXTRACTOR  COMPANY, 

47     BROADWAY,     NEW     YORK. 

THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  flachinery 

-^^^m^^-For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity. -^j^^^^^ 
ELECTRIC     POWER     TRAINSTVUSSIOIN  ! 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  running  every  station  of  this  chaiacter  in  the  entire  West.    An  experience  of  more  than  12  years  in  planning  and  executing  water  power  plants  affords  assurance  that  all  work 
furnished  will  be  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  the  case,  and  give  the  best  possible  results  under  existing  conditions. 


CATALOGUES  FURNISHED  UPON  APPLICATION. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  PEOM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REFLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  and  665  Mission  Streets  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON, Proprietor 

Every  description  ol  worb  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


252 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  20, 1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


Large    Guns  as  Magnets. 


Some  months  ago  the  Press  pub- 
lished an  interesting  account  of  an  un- 
usually large  magnet  constructed  of 
two  fifteen-inch  guns  at  Willets 
Point.  N.  Y.  The  subject  has  at- 
tracted considerable  attention.  In  the 
current  number  of  Cashier's  Magazine  is 
an  article  with  the  above  caption, 
written  by  Lieut.  King,  in  which  he 
says: 

The  idea  of  constructing  a  huge 
"  gun  magnet"  was  suggested  to  the 
writer  some  twenty  years  ago  by  see- 
ing two  fifteen-inch  guns  lying  side  by 
side  at  the  United  States  Engineer 
School  at  Willets,  New  York;  but  as 
there  was  then  no  suitable  insulated 
wire  at  hand,  and  as  no  means  were 
available  for  generating  a  powerful 
electric  current,  nothing  was  at- 
tempted at  that  time.  In  1888,  how- 
ever, the  accumulation  of  several 
miles  of  condemned  torpedo  cable  and 
the  presence  of  some  large  dynamos 
brought  the  subject  forward  in  a  still 
more  suggestive  and  practicable  form, 
and  the  experiment  was  tried. 

The  guns,  weighing  50,0110  pounds 
each,  were  placed  side  by  side  and  con- 
nected at  the  breech  by  a  pile  of  rail- 
way bars.  Coils  of  insulated  wire, 
some  eight  miles  in  all,  were  placed 
around  the  muzzles  of  the  guns,  and  an 
armature,  7»xlll  inches  in  cross  sec- 
tiou,  was  made  of  wrought-iron  plates 
bolted  together. 

When  the  current  was  turned  on,  it 
was  not  only  found  that  a  magnetic 
field  of  unprecedented  intensity  was 
formed,  but  an  exceptional  oppor- 
tunity was  presented  for  studying  the 
phenomena  of  electro-magnetism.  The 
lines  of  force  could  be  traced  to  a  great 
distance.  A  pull  of  20,600  pounds  was 
required  to  detach  the  armature,  and 
four  320-pound  projectiles  wer-e  sus- 
pended like  a  string  of  beads  from  one 
of  the  guns. 

In  more  recent  experiments  with  a 
single  gun,  wrapped  with  about  ten 
miles  of  wire,  and  having  the  magnetic 
circuit  completed  by  a  pile  of  heavy 
iron  plates,  the  pull  required  to  de- 
tach the  armature  was  44,800  pounds, 
and  five  of  the  projectiles  were  sup- 
ported from  the  muzzle.  It  is,  per- 
haps, needless  to  sa}'  that  the  extrava- 
gant statements  recently  circulated 
about  this  magnet  are  without  founda- 
tion. It  was  never  intended  "  to  de- 
range ships'  compasses  "  at  any  dis- 
tance, and  it  certainly  could  not  do  so 
at  a  range  of  "  six  miles,"  nor  could  it 
pull  vessels  out  of  the  water  or  arms 
out  of  the  hands  of  soldiers.  Such 
statements  would  refute  themselves  if 
it  were  not  for  the  fact  that  electricity 
has,  for  several  years  past,  been  doing 
such  unexpected  things  that  even  sci- 
entific men  hardly  dare  to  say  that 
anything  claimed  for  it  is  impossi- 
ble. 

In  this  utilitarian  age  the  first  ques- 
tion asked  is.  "What  is  a  thing  good 
for?"  and,  in  this  case,  the  answer  is, 
''To  study  electro-magnetism  on  a 
much  larger  scale  than  has  hitherto 
been  attempted."  It  is  well  known 
that  all  physical  laws  can  be  better 
understood  by  studying  extreme  cases 
as  well  as  intermediate  ones,  and  in 
this  instance  several  results  have  been 
observed  that  have  escaped  notice  in 
ordinary  experiments. 

At  a  distance  of  about  seventy-one 
feet  the  field  of  this  magnet  is  equal  to 
the  earth's  field,  or.  in  other  words,  it 
will  deflect  the  needle  45°  at  that  dis- 
tance. At  a  distance  of  200  feet  the 
deflection  is  3°.  At  about  71  inches 
from  the  muzzle  of  the  gun  there  is  a 
neutral  point  at  which  a  small  piece  of 
iron  is  neither  attracted  nor  repelled. 
If  placed  nearer  the  gun.  but  in  its 
axis,  it  will  be  thrown  out  with  some 
little  force,  sometimes  as  much  as  two 
feet,  and  then  drawn  back  obliquely  to 
the  side  of  the  muzzle.  No  perceptible 
effect  can  be  detected  on  the  nerves  or 
muscles  of  the  human  system,  although 
the  lines  of  force  sent  through  the  head 
or  heart  are  strong  enough   to  cause 


iron  bars,  spikes,  etc.,  to  stand  out 
like  the  quills  of  a  porcupine. 

Theoretically,  such  a  strong  mag- 
netic field  should  check  or  "damp" 
the  vibrations  of  metallic  strings;  but 
in  the  few  experiments  tried,  no  such 
effect  was  perceptible.  Three  strings 
of  a  sonometer,  one  each  of  iron,  brass 
and  twine,  were  all  tuned  to  "  b  flat," 
but  when  sounded  together  in  the  mag- 
netic field,  close  to  the  muzzle  of  the 
gun,  they  were  still  in  unison  as  nearly 
as  could  be  detected.  Neither  was 
there  any  perceptible  effect  on  light. 
For  the  purpose  of  testing  this  a  tran- 
sit was  set  about  thirty  feet  from  the 
magnet  and  sighted,  at  a  well-defined 
mark  several  hundred  feet  beyond  it, 
the  line  of  sight  passing  only  a  few 
inches  from  the  magnet.  When  the 
current  was  turned  on,  no  change 
whatever  was  observable  in  the  appear- 
ance of  the  object.  In  other  words, 
the  rays  of  light  were  not  bent. 

These  last  three  results  are  of  a 
negative  character,  but  they  are  con- 
clusive as  far  as  they  go.  In  these  ex- 
periments there  were  about  5250  turns 
of  wire  around  the  gun,  which,  with  a 
current  of  about  twenty-one  amperes, 
gave  over  110,000  "ampere  turns." 
The  cross  section  of  the  cast-iron  core 
varied  from  300  square  inches  at  the 
muzzle  to  about  1500  square  inches  at 
the  largest  place.  The  length  of  the 
gun  is  about  sixteen  feet,  and  the 
coils  of  wire"  cover  about  one-half  the 
length. 

A  Tremendous  Light. 


The  idea  of  an  electric  light  which, 
fed  by  a  current  from  a  dynamo  act- 
uated by  a  forty-horse  power  engine, 
and  giving  7,000-candle  power  can  have 
its  illuminating  power  intensified  35, Olio 
times,  is  not  easy  to  grasp.  It  means 
the  production  of  a  stream  of  light  of 
about  250,000. 000-candle  power,  and  it 
is  no  wonder  that  the  announcement 
that  such  a  light  is  about  to  lie  used  in 
this  country  has  been  received  with 
some  incredulity  in  Europe.  This  is 
the  efficiency  of  the  light  which  will  be 
shortly  erected  at  Eire  Island  for  the 
illumination  of  the  adjacent  coast  and 
the  protection  of  the  fleet  of  ships  en- 
tering New  York  Harbor.  A  remote 
suggestion  of  the  power  of  this  lamp 
ma}'  be  arrived  at  by  bearing  in  mind 
that  an  ordinary  oil  lamp  is  about 
thirty-eight  or  forty-candle  power, 
and  then  trying  to  imagine  the  com- 
bined beam  of  3,000,000  lamps.  The 
ordinary  electric  street  light  may  be 
put  down  at  100-candle  power,  and 
250.000  of  these  would  about  repre- 
sent the  strength  of  the  Fire  Island 
light. 

The  most  powerful  oil  lamp  yet  made 
is  supposed  to  shine  out  on  a  clear 
night  for  a  distance  of  thirty-five  or 
forty  miles,  but  the  new  light  will  flash 
its  welcome  rays  to  the  coming 
European  liners  when  they  are  120 
miles  away.  The  light  revolves  rapid- 
ly and  throws  out  its  beams  with  the  in- 
tensity the  speed  of  lightning.  The 
motive  power  which  actuates  it  is  a 
simple  clock-work  arrangement  con- 
tained in  a  box  two  feet  square,  and 
although  the  revolving  portion  of  the 
light  weighs  fifteen  tons,  the  mechan- 
ism controlling  it  is  so  delicate  that  the 
pressure  of  two  fingers  will  turn  it. 
The  value  of  this  marvelous  lamp  can 
only  be  determined  by  practical  work- 
ing, but  it  promises  to  represent  an 
immense  stride  in  the  science  of  coast 
lighthouse  illumination. 


In  Chicago  the  mails  are  now  sent 
from  the  postotfice  to  the  Illinois  Cen- 
tral depot  by  electrically  propelled 
cars,  running  over  the  roofs  on  a 
three-eighths-inch  steel  cable  carried 
by  iron  brackets  on  posts.  The  little 
aluminium  cars  carry  seventy-five 
pounds  each.  The  current  is  trans- 
mitted by  a  trolley  running  on  a  wire 
parallel  to  the  cable. 


METAL  fllNINQ 

Mechanics:  Mechanical  Untieing:  Electricity;  Architecture:  Architectural  Drawing  ami 
Designing;  Masonry:  Carpentry  and  Joinery;  Ornamental  ana  Structural  Iron  Work:  Steam 
Engineering  (Stationary,  locomotive  or  Marine);  Bailroael  Engineering:  Bridge  Engineering; 
Municipal  Engineering;  Plumbing  anil  Heating:  Coal  Mining;  Prospecting,  ami  the  English 
Jiranches.  A  blowpipe  outlit  and  case  of  mineral  specimens  free  to  students.  Send  for 
1?  ree  Circular,  stating  tbe  subject  you  wish  to  study,  to 

The  International  Correspondence  Schools,  SCRANTON,  PA. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 

121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0.    280  Caxton  Bit,  CHICAGO,  ILL, 

Office   <>f   THB  Cl.KVKLAND   IRON  OBE  I 

Paint  Co.  and  The  Gahky  Iron  , 
JViofixg  Co..  Cleveland.,  o.. 
Jan.  25,  18H4. 

HcanMininaA  MilUnri  Machinery 


Clerclancl,  ' 


The  simplffit,  cheapc-si  am 
best  machines  in  me  mar- 
ket. Pulverize  wet  or  dr.\ 
to  any  degree  of  fineness 
Make  little  or  uu  slimes  ir 
wet  nor  dnsl  iu  dry  work,  v 
Four  sizes,  capacity  from  "i  t 
lo  <>0  tons  per  day.  t 

SEND     FOR     CA.TAX.OGUE. 

Cable  Address.  American. 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal  \ 

Awarded  by  World's 

Fair,  1893. 


World's       > 


Gentlemen: -Wc  purchased  a  No.  2 
American  Rock  Breaker  and  a  No.  :.' 
American  Ball  Pulverizer  from  your 
company  abdut  one  year  ago.  The  latter 
pari  of  April.  1893.  we  started  up  for 
regular  work,  since  which  time  we 
have  run  both  of  said  machines  to  the 
full  extent  of  our  demands  and  to  our 
entire  satisfaction,  The  first  rQO  luns  of 
hard  iron  ore  that  wo  pulverized  for 
paim  purposes  was  ground  without 
taking  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  with- 

■Xpi-lldirj! 


the 


Hi. 


mat 


nues 


tin 


TOO 


3  spoken  of.  abi'UI  200  lens  was  Lake 

erior  Specular  iron  ere.  containing 
-ie  7ti  percent    iron:    a    very  difficult 
or.-  iu  pulverize.    The  remainder  was  a  red  foBBiliferous  iron  ore 
carrying  Quite  a  per  cenl  of  sflex.  which  cuts  oul  buhr-stonee  rapidly. 
Wc  hud  thai  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when    new  5  in.  in  d' 
new  caliper  -I"*  in.,  and  are  perfectly  round  and  smoeih.    The  grludiu"  ' 
track  shows  very  lit  tie  wear,  and  the  driving  track  shows  less; 
fact,  the  wear  is  almost  Imperceptible.    These  two  machines  crush  and 
i  on.-  tun  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.    We  do 

her  or  Pulverizer  thai  can  compare  with  the  output  of   these  two  machine!*  In  quail- 
and   like  power.    In   our  opinion,  you  cannot    recommend 


pulverize 

not  know  oT  any  Cr 

tity.  quality,  small  amount  of  weai 

them  too  highly.    Very  truly  yours 


THE  AM.  HAL.L  PTTT/VTSttTZER. 
Morris  1'nf.eut. 


Cleveland  Iron  Oke  Paint  no. 


THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man.  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  roch  drilling  al  least  Fifty 
per  een  t . 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect- 
or in  the  West,  Sen f  free  on 
application. 

If  you  are  Interested  tn 
Koi-k       iHilliuc     Correspond 


1  ,;^    WE  CAM  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  MYr  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

OFFICE  AND  WAREROOjMS: 

Care  PARKE  &  LACY  CO. 21  and  23  Fremont  Street ,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or,   Afldregs  the  Company  at  its  Denver  Oflire. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  'wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&C0.Springfield,0hio,U.S.A. 


The  result  upon  prices  of  the  re- 
duced consumption  of  metal  is  illus- 
trated that  a  recent  electric  lighting 
scheme  in  Loudon  has  been  carried  out 
at  a  saving  on  the  estimate  on  copper 
alone  of  £6000. 


A  Brass  Grease  Cup  at  the  price  of  an  iron  one. 
LUNKENHEIMER'S  "Jewel"  Grease  Cup  has  been 
designed  as  a  substitute  for  Iron  cups.     It  is  strictly 

first  class  throughout,  simple,  practical,  automatic,  and 

efficient  in  operation,  and  will  give  excellent  satisfac- 
tion. Its  use  is  recommended  wherever  a  low  priced 
perfect  working  cup  is.  desired,  on  LoOSe  Pulleys, 
Shafting:,  Clutch  Pulleys,  etc.  We  also  make  the 
"Ideal,"  "Tiger,"  "Marine,"  and  "Ohio,"  Grease 
Cups.  Specify  and  insist  upon  "LUNKENHEIMERS." 
None  genuine  without  our  name.  Catalogue  of  "up 
to  date  "  Specialties,  gratis  upon  request. 


Ap.il  20,  1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific:  Press. 


268 


The    Columbian     Exposition 
fledals. 

bitoi     il  the  ( 'olumbian  World  s 
I'.iir    in    1893    hi  »s    tired   ol 

waiting  for  the  promised  medals  and 
diplomas.  Information  giver  out  quite 
recently  assures  the  public  that  the 
Bureau  of  Awards  is  alive,  though 
moving  slowly,  and  thai  there  is  good 
reason  to  believe  the  awards  will  be 
distributed  before  the  close  of  1895. 

The  Director  of  the  Mini  -•ays  the 
medals  will  be  ready  tor  distribution 
about  June  1st.  The  superintendent  of 
the  Bureau  of  Engraving  and  Printing 

-ay--  the  dip! as   aiv  about   finished. 

Though  tl"'  diploma  holds  the  spirit 
and  letter  of    tin- award,    the    medal    is 

the  symbol,  and  the  two  most  go 
together.  Therefore,  allowing  a  small 
margin  of  time,  which  it  is  always  safe 
to  allow  the  Bureau  of  Awards,  the 
sending  oui  of  medals  and  diplomas 
will  hardly  begin  before  July.  Hut  it 
i-  encouraging,  after  all  the  bother  and 
delay  over  the  design,  to  know  that 
the  medals  are  really  under  way— up  in 
Connecticut,  where  artistic  work  has  a 
aide  range,  from  a  wooden  nutmeg  to 
a  Waterbury  watch.  In  fact,  it  is  a 
Waterbury  firm  that  is  turning  out  the 
medals,  according  to  contract  let  by 
the  Secretary  of  tin- Treasury — not  to 
the  highest  bidder,  but  to  this  partic- 
ular firm,  which  is  to  furnish  23,700 
bronze  medal-  for  130,000.  If.  how- 
ever, any  exhibitor  should  prefer  a 
gold  medal,  he  is  authorized  by  the 
Congress  of  the  United  States  to  have 
.me,  providing  he  pays  for  the  gold 
himself.  <  Itherwise  all  the  medals 
will  be  of  bronze,  also  authorized  by 
Congress,  and  perfectly  alike,  except 
in  the  names  of  exhibitors  inscribed  on 
them.  

De  Lamar  in  California. 


Not  content  with  big  mines  in  Neva- 
da, Colorado  and  other  places  on  this 
side  of  the  Sierras,  it  seems  that  Mr. 
J.  R.  De  Lamar  now  desires  to  try  his 
luck  in  California.  He  wants  to  get 
hold  of  a  big  property  in  that  State. 
He  does  not  care  for  a  small  vein.  If 
he  can  find  something  really  ''big,"  he 
is  readv  to  expend  a  large  amount  of 
money  for  its  development.  He  will 
probably  be  able  to  find  what  he  wants 
in  the  "Golden  State,"  as  in  numerous 
places  over  there  are  to  be  found 
''propositions  "  so  big  that  no  man  has 
yet  put  in  an  appearance  who  was  pos- 
sessed of  sufficient  "sand  "  and  coin  to 
tackle  them.  Particularly  is  this  true 
of  gravel  deposits  and  mountain  drift 
diggings,  but  one  may  also  find  unde- 
veloped auriferous  quartz  lodes  of 
mammoth  dimensions.  In  almost  every 
section  of  California  are  to  be  found 
miners  who  for  years  have  been  hold- 
ing on  to  quartz  aud  gravel  claims  so 
bio-  that  they  are  themselves  unable  to 
do  anything  with  them.  Men  of  means 
and  mining  knowledge  need  not  go  to 
South  Africa  or  West  Australia  in 
order  to  find  some  big  thing  to  tackle. 
There  are  here  at  home,  in  the  midst 
of  civilization  and  within  easy  reach  of 
all  necessary  supplies,  plenty  of  unde- 
veloped mines.  And  much  in  regard  to 
the  nature  and  richness  of  these  mines 
may  be  judged  from  what,  is  to  be  seen 
in  the  producing  mines  already  opened 
in  the  same  gold  belt. — Dan  T)e  Quille, 
in  Salt  Lake  Tribune. 


Power, 
/lining,    Hilling, 
Smelting,    Concentration 
and   Leaching  Hachinery;  Re= 
turn     Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones'  Me- 
chanical   Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines, 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried= 
ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines, 
Cornish   Pumps,   Roots   Blowers,   Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,   Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers, 
Crushing    Rolls,   Stamp    Mills,   Shoes,' 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional' 
riachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  True 
Vanners,    Biidgman    Samplers, 
Concrete   Mixers,   Heavy  Ha= 
chinery  and    Mine    Sup= 
plies.  =  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Gng. 
Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Mex.; 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,   Colo.;  Helena,  Montana;, 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U. 
43  Threadneedle  St. 


S.       A.      UN  J 

1  E.  C,  London,  ling. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  fiotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER 


Electric  Power  Apparatus 


OFFICE     MIND     WORKSi 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

Aud  all  MiuiDj<  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

4-f-f  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦♦♦ 
34     and      3€>     Main     Street,      San     Francisco,     Cal. 


may  be  constructed  of  something 
besides  wood.  With  paper-pulp  doors 
and  floors,  metal  frames  and  finish, 
slate  or  tin  roof,  and  Portland  cement 
or  concrete  walls,  our  houses  may  in 
time  come  lo  be  actually  fireproof,  as 
they  have  for  a  long  time  unjustly 
claimed  to  be. 


Luminous   Paint. 


Metal    as    a     Building     Material. 

it  is  well  within  the  memory  of  many 
persons  when  metal  as  a  building  ma 
terial  was  practically  unknown.  But 
within  a  few  years  building  has  been 
almost  revolutionized  by  the  use  of 
metal  in  various  forms  and  for  various 
purposes,  iron  beams,  columns,  gird- 
ers, rafters  and  window  sashes  have 
come  into  use,  and  now  we  are  to  have 
as  a  regular  addition  to  our  list  a  great 
variety  of  stamped-out  sections.  These 
have  heretofore  been  made  mostly  out 
of  galvanized  iron  or  some  composition 
of  the  spelter  sort,  or.  in  line  and  high- 
priced  work,  bronze  has  been  employed. 
Steel  is,  however,  found  to  answer  all 
demands  far  better  than  any  other 
metal  used  for  this  purpose.  Door  and 
window  casings  will  be  made  of  metal, 
and,  indeed,  almost  all  parts  of  a  house 


The  formula  for  lumiuous  paint,  about 
which  so  much  has  been  said,  is  as  fol- 
lows: Take  oyster  shells  and  clean 
them. with  warm  watur;  put  them  into 
the  fire  for  half  an  hour;  at  the  end  of 
that  time  take  them  out  and  let  them 
cool.  When  quite  cold  pound  them 
line  and  take  away  any  gray  parts,  as 
they  are  of  no  use.  Put  the  powder 
into  a  crucible,  in  alternate  layers, 
with  Hour  of  sulphur.  Put  on  the  lid 
and  cement  with  sand  made  into  a  stiff 
paste  with  beer.  When  dry,  put  into 
the  fire  and  bake  for  an  hour. 

Wait  until  quite  cold  before  opening 
the  lid.  The  product  ought  to  be 
white.  You  must  separate  all  gray 
parts,  as  they  are  not  luminous  Make 
a  sifter  in  the  following  manner;  Take 
a  pot,  put  a  piece  of  very  line  muslin 
very  loosely  across  it;  tie  around  with 
a  string;  put  the  powder  into  the  top 
and  rake  about  until  only  the  coarse 
powder  remains;  open  the  pot  and  you 
will  find  a  very  fine  powder;  mix  it 
into  a  thin  paint  with  gum  water,  as 
two  thin  applications  are  better  than 
one  thick  one. 

This  will  give  a  paint  that  will  re- 
main luminous  far  into  the  night,  pro- 
vided it  is  exposed  to  the  light  during 
the  day. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

.m»  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof.  m* 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS  and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 


R.  <fe  B.  ROOFING 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  JJi^SJ^i^- 


220  Market  St. 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


ENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific.  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  antl  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal eltiVs  of  the  principal  natipns  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary and  record  uf  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  h  ive  other- advautages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  ottered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
nracticp  before  the  Office,  and  the  fre'tiueui  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  or  inventions  brought  before  us  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  upplying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new,  Circulars  and 
edyioe  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.p, 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


April  20,  1896. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


Sax  Francisco,  April  IS,  1S95. 
The    news    of   peace  between    China    and 
Japan  is  secondary  to  the  world-wide  atten- 
tion given  the  silver  question  and   its  imme- 
diate relations  thereto.     Among  other  terms 
of  peace  are  the  payment  bv  China   to  Japan 
of  200,000,000  taels.     It  is  to  be  borne  in  mind 
that  a  "tael"  is  not   a  coin,    but  a  weight. 
The  Chinese  currency  system  is  based  upon  a 
certain  weight  of  silver,  and  not  upon   the 
number  of  a  standard  coin.     Thus,  although 
the  currency  consists  of  "chopped"  Mexican 
dollars,  i.  e.,  Mexican  dollars  defaced   by  the 
mark  of,  say,  a  blunt  nail,  yet  §1000  Hongkong 
currency  does  not  consist  of  1000  of  these  de- 
faced dollars,  but  of  717  taels'  weight  of  them. 
If  the  coins  are  new,    1000  by  count  weigh 
about  72%  taels;  thus  717  taels'  weight  would 
consist  of  only  about  995    pieces.     The  tael 
equals  579.84  English  troy  grains.    Anyone 
presenting  a  check  or  note  for  §10,000  at  a 
bank,  and  wishing  to  receive  coin,  would  have 
weighed  out    to    him    7170    taels  weight  of 
chopped  dollars,  and  would  receive,  more  or 
less,  9950  pieces.     This  system  is  not  so  incon- 
venient   as    it    seems.     Europeans,    in   their 
small  private  transactions,  by  means  of  notes, 
checks  and  small  change,  manage  to  avoid  al- 
together the  weight  system.     The  200,000,000 
taels  indemnity  represent  about  §290,000,000 
in  Mexican   silver  dollars.      Though   not  di- 
rectly and  definitely  stated,   it  is  generally 
assumed  that  the  indemnity   will   be  paid  in 
silver.     The  extreme  probability  cf  this  has 
doubtless  been  the  cause  of  the  recent  ad- 
vance of  13  per  cent  in   the  price  of  silver. 
That    such    temporary    demand    would    only 
cause  a  temporary  appreciation  in  the  price  is 
evident;  but  it  is  believed  that  there  is  to  be 
a  steady  development  of  Chinese   industrial 
enterprise,  a  greater  inflow  of  silver  to  the 
Orient  and  a  permanent  steadiness  in  silver 
quotations  at  a  price  beyond  present  quota- 
tions.   Silver  may  go  to  70  and  hover  there 
before  mounting  higher,  but  that  its  upward 
flight  has  only  begun  is  asserted  by  many 
who  claim  that  the  present  discussion    be- 
tween men  of  all  parties  and  no  party  at  all 
will  assuredly  result  in  a  renewed  apotheosis 
of  the  white  metal. 

This  question  of  a  "market  for  silver"  has 
been  wrongfully  assumed  to  be  like  the  tariff 
— a  sort  of  protected  industry  discussion — and 
that  salvation  lay  in  "sound,"  i.  e.  gold,  cur- 
rency, the  matter  being  of  greatest  interest 
lo  a  few  scattered  silver  producers  in  the 
west  half  of  America.  The  bulk  of  the  Ameri- 
can people  are  finding  out  that  they  have 
more  real  interest  in  the  matter  than  "the 
silver  baron"  or  the  miner  on  the  mountain 
side,  and  that,  like  the  man  in  the  wagon 
drawn  by  the  runaway  team,  he  "  can  ride  as 
fast  as  they  can  run."  The  country  needs 
silver  coinage,  and  the  prosperity  or  poverty 
of  the  men  who  produce  the  silver  is  only  a 
small  factor  in  the  main  problem — national 
life. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

.New  Yore,  April  18.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@12.50c. 

COPPER— Brokers', 9.37%c ;  exchange,  9.40c. 

LEAD— Brokers',  §3.05;  exchange,  §3.12%. 

TIN— Straits,  14.20c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  §3.20. 

New  York  Silver  Prices. 

New  Yoke,  April  IS. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

-Silver  in- 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Every  Tlmrsday  from  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Francisco  Journals 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Company  and  Location.  No.    Ami.         Levied.  Delinq't  and  Sile.  Secretary. 

Belcher  SM  Co,  Nev 50. . .  .25c. .  ..Mar    5,  Apr    9,  Apr  30 C  L  Perkins,  309  Montgomery 

Brunswick  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal....  8.  "  "*       '"  '  ""        "' ' "   "" 

Bullion  Con  G  M  Co,  Cal 1. 

Crown  Point  G  &  S  M  Co,  Nev.  .65. 

Gray  Eagle  M  Co,  Cal 39....  5c. 

Iowa  M  Co,  Nev 20 5c 

La  Candelaria  M  Co,  Mex 8 $2  .. 

La  Grange  H  M  Co,  Cal  — 
Occidental  Con  M  Co,  Nev.. 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 

Osborn  Hill  G  M  Co,  Cal.   . . 

OvermaD,  Nev 

South  Eureka  M  Co,  Cal.. 


2c. . .  .Mar  20,  Apr  20,  May  15 J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery 

..10c... Feb    19,  Mar  25,  Apr  25 C  A  Grow,  Mills  Building 

25c Mar  12.  Apr  16,  May    7 Jas.  Newlands,  Mills  Building 

.Mar    2,  Apr     8,  Apr  26 A  P  Swain.  309  Montgomery 

Mar   6,  Apr     9,  Apr  27 R  L  Thomas,  419  California 

Mar    7,  Apr     9,  Apr  27 G  A  Hill,  22  Market 

Feb  23,  Apr     1,  Apr   22. A  Halsev,  328  Montgomery 

Mar  20,  Apr  23,  May  15 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

April  4,  May    7,  May  27 E  B  Holmes,  50  Nevada  Block 

Feb  27,  Apr     4,  Apr   24 R  R  Grayson,  331  Pine 

Apr    15,  May21,Jun  11 Geo  D  Edwards.  414  California 

Feb   20,  Apr     1,  Apr  22 A  Halsey,  328  Montgomery 

Apr    15,  May  21,  Jun  26 W  H  Blauvelt,  35  Mills  Building 

MEETING  (SPECIAL). 

Company  and  Location.  Secretamj  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

Julia  Consolidated J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery May  3 


in. 

..35c. 

IK 

..10c. 

65.. 

. .25c. . 

4. 

..25c. 

73 

.10c. 

17.. 

..   lc. 

Yellow  Jacket,  Nev 59 25c. 


Scotch  Splint 7  75 

Brymbo 7  75 

West  Hartley 8  75 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @ 

Liverpool  Steam 700  @ 

Scotch  Splint 650  <a 

Cardiff 650  @ 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00  @ 

Cumberland II  00  @ 

Egg.hard 12  00  @ 

West  Hartley 7  00  @ 

Mining  Share  Market. 


San.  Francisco,  April  IS,  1895. 

Lower  prices  prevailed  in  the  early  part  of 
the  week,  and  all  business  was  done  on  a  de- 
clining' scale,  the  result  of  continued  lack  of 
interest  on  the  part  of  the  former  purchasing- 
public.  Permanent  advance  in  the  price  of 
silver  would  help  out  a  present  weak  and 
wobbly  market. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Lo?idon. 

Friday 30% 

Saturday m% 

Monday 30% 

Tuesday 30% 

Wednesday ;.30?e 

Thursday 30% 


2V.  Y.     Copper. 


66  3i 
67Ji 


Lead. 
3  12% 


67% 


9  37%       3  12% 


The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender    .  7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 7%c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 10c 

London  Bankers'  60  days $4.88% 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers '  ,$4.90 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 67%c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 54@54% 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 


Per  lb.. 


ANTIMONY. 


Mines. 

11 

18 

$       10 

28 
65 

86 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

73 

88 

22 

44 
56 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

2  85 

300 

38 

1  35 

85 

1  70 

14 

54 
38 

84 
54 

1  70 
13 
52 
36 
86 
56 

55 

49 

San   Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 

San  Francisco,  April  18,  1895. 
9:30  A.  M.  session, 

400  Alpha 09i200  Occidental 12 

500Belcher 73!l700 n 

100  Best  &  Belcher. . .    88  200  Ophir 1  70 

150  Bodie 1  35200  Overman 13 

300  Bulwer 13  100 12 

100  Caledonia 10  100  Potosi 52 

500  Chollar 5 1  100  Savage 36 

300  Con  Cal  &  Va 3  00  100  Seg  Belcher 21 

20pCrown  Point 69  100  Sierra  Nevada....  86 

300  E.  B.  &  B 12  200  Silver  Hill 04 

100  Gould  &  Curry....    51(100  Union 56 

300  H&  N 1  30  200  Yellow  Jacket  .  .  49 

200  Mexican 881 

•SECOND  SESSION— 2:30  P.  M. 

200  Belcher 691200  Mono 20 

200  Best  &  Belcher:. . .    83:300  Occidental 12 

200  Bodie 1  15|750 11 

200Bulwer 11    20Ophir 165 

100  Caledonia 08'  50 1  60 

100  Challenge 47|200  Savage 35 

200  Chollar 50 1  50  Seg  Belcher 19 

200  C.  C.  V 2  90100S.  King 10 

200  E.  B.  &B 121150  Sierra  Nevada....    83 

50Hale&Norcross..l  20il00  Union ... ..    53 

300  Mexican 83|450  Yellow  Jacket ....    46 


may  be  lengthened  or  closed  as  desired,  and 
when. the  article  is  to  be  packed,  all  the  ribs 
may  be  closed  alongside  the  handle  and  the 
handle  reduced  to  its  shortest  length.  The 
device  forms  an  exceedingly  convenient  ar- 
ticle for  ladies'  use. 

Connection  for  Flushing  Drain-pipes  of 
Sinks,  Washbasins,  etc.— Fred.  B.  Vinter, 
San  Jose,  Cal.  No.  536,769.  Dated  April  2, 
1895.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  pro- 
vide a  simple  and  readily  adjustable  means 
for  connecting  a  flushing  or  forciDg  pump  with 
the  drain  or  the  waste  pipe,  whereby  the 
latter  may  be  cleansed  or  opened  out  when 
clogged,  in  an  easy,  thorough  and  effective 
manner,  the  work  being  done  by  one  man  in- 
stead of  two  ordinarily  employed.  The  device 
consists  of  a  plate  or  base  adapted  to  fit  with- 
in the  vessel  directly  over  the  mouth  of  the 
drain  or  waste  pipe,  said  plate  or  base  having 
an  internally  threaded  opening,  and  a  washer 
or  gasket  under  it  to  forma  tight  joint;  means 
for  securing  and  tightening  the  plate  or  base 
to  its  seat,  and  an  internally  threaded  nipple 
fitted  to  the  base  and  adapted  to  be  screwed 
to  the  internally  threaded  opening  thereof  for 
the  attachment  of  the  hose  of  a  force  pump. 

Connection  for  Flushing  Drainpipes  of 
Sinks,  Wasabasjns,  etc.— Fred.  B.  Vinter, 
San  Jose,  Cal.  No.  536,770.  Dated  April  2, 
1895.  This  invention  has  the  same  object  as 
the  preceding  one,  and  it  consists  of  a  differ- 
ent means  of  securing  the  parts  in  place, 
namely,  a  nipple  passing  through  the  central 
aperture  of  the  plate  or  base,  and  having 
catch  lugs  on  its  lower  end  adapted  to  engage 
the  cross-bars  of  the  strainer. 


Assessment  Notices. 


BRUNSWICK  CONSOLIDATED  GOLD  MINING 
COMPANY.— Location  of  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness. San  Francisco.  California;  location  of  works 
Grass  Valley  Mining  District,  Nevada  Countv.  Cali- 
fornia. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  Die 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  201  h  day  of  March 
18SJ5.  an  assessment  (No.  8)  of  Two  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  I m mediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Boom  o(>.  Nevada  hloek.  San  Francisco,  California, 
or  to  the  Treasurer.  J-  J.  Halpin.  57  Broadway,  room 
S7,  New  York  City.  State  of  New-  York,  on  or  before 
the  20th  d;iy  of  April,  1805. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assewsment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  in  San  Francisco,  on  the  20th  day  of 
April,  1S95.  will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised'  for 
sale  at  public  auction:  and  unless  payment  is  made 
before,  will  be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  loth  day 
of  May.  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  STADTFELD  Jk  .  Secretary. 

Office— Room  5I>.  Nevada  Block,  San  FranciBCO, 
California. 


List  of   U.  S.    Patents  for    Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


OCCIDENTAL  CONSOLIDATED  MINING  COM- 
PANY.—Location  of  priucipal  place  of  business. 
San  Francisco.  California.  Location  of  works;  Sil- 
ver star  Mining  District,  Storey  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  Id  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  20ih  day  of  March, 
1K95,  an  assessment  (No.  IS)  of  Ten  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company 
room  69,  Nevada  Block,  No.  3011  Montgomery  street, 
San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  23d  day  of  April,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion, and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  15tb  day  of  May.  1895,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Hoard  of  Directors. 

ALFRED  K.  DURBROW,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  t;9.  Nevada  Blocw.  No.  309  Montgom- 
ery Street,  San  Francisco.  California. 

OVERMAN  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.-Loca- 
tlon  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Location  of  works,  Gold  Hill.  Storey 
county,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  loth  day  of  April 
1895,  an  assessment,  No.  To,  of  ten  cr-nls  ilOo  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Cor- 
poration, payable  Immediately  in  Unlied  Stales  Gold 
Coin  to  the  Secretary,  -trt  the  office  of  the  Company 
No.  414  California  street.  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  Ihe  21st  day  of  May.  1895;  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  11th  day  of  Jum-,  1S95.  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  o'f 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  Bv  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  D.  EDWARDS.  Secretary. 

Office— No.  414  California  street,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


Reported    by    Dewey    &    Co.,    Pioneer    Patent 
Solicitors  for  Paciiic  Coast. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Refined,  in  car  lots 

Powdered,        "      

Concentrated,  "     

COPPER. 

Bolt 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 

Ingot,  jobbing 

Ingot,  wholesale 


@  10 

@  5& 

@  5Ka 

@  5 


20 
21' 


@  6  00 


@16  00 
@18  00 


@      16 


TIN  PLATE. 
PpTbx 5  25 

IRON. 

American  Soft. , . , 14  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00 

STEEL. 
English,  lb 14 

LEAD. 

Pig - 

Bar __ 

Sheet _ 

pipe ...;.;    __ 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  35  lbs... $1  20 

Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "  1  45 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,      "  "     "  1  45 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 3700    ® 

COAL. 
SPOT  PROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $  8  00 

775 

6  50 

6  00 


3  SO 

4  50 

5  25 
4  7n 


Greta. 
Nanaimo. 
Oilman.. . 
Seattle.... 
Coos  Bay. 
Cannel 


00 
10  50 


Egg,  bard ...;::;;:;;;;:; s  bo 

Wallsend ...........'.    750 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention : 

Parasol  axd  Fax.—  Mathias  Stocklmeier, 
Los  Gatos,  Cal.  No.  536,767.  Dated  Aprils, 
1895.  One-half  assigned  to  Charles  A.  Bron- 
augh,  of  the  same  place.  This  invention  is  de- 
signed to  provide  an  article  which  may  be 
converted  into  an  ordinary  parasol,  standing 
at  right  angles  with  the  handle,  or  a  carriage 
parasol  where  it  lies  parallel  with  the  handle, 
or  a  fan,  or  it  may  be  folded  entirely  into  such 
small  compass  as  to  be  carried  in  the  pocket  or 
handbag.  It  consists  of  a  series  oF  elastic  ribs 
having  the  outer  covering  fastened  thereto, 
and  a  pin  passing  through  the  meeting  ends 
of  these  ribs,  forming  a  common  center  about 
which  the  ribs  are  allowed  to  turn  so  that 
they  may  all  be  folded  up  at  one  side  or  opened 
out  to  form  a  complete  cii-cle,  the  material  of 
the  covering  being  separated  adjacent  to  one  of 
the  ribs,  and  the  two  ribs  which  come  together 
having  a  fastening  by  which  they  may  be 
locked  so  as  to  form  a  complete  parasol.  The 
handle  is  jointed  near  the  top,  so  that  it  may 
be  turned  by  moving  a  sliding  catch  to  allow 
the  parasol  to  lie  sideways  along  the  handle, 
and  thus  adapting  it  for  carriage  use.  If  it  is 
desired  to  use  it  as  a  fan,  the  two  adjacent 
ribs  may  be  disconnected  and  the  device 
closed  up  to  one-half  of  the  circle  lying  along, 
the  side  of  the  handle,  and  making  "a-  conven- 
ient fan.     The  handle   telescopes  so   that  it 


FOR   THE   WEEK    ENDING  APRIL  9,    IS95. 

537,037.— Tube  tester— T.  W.  Heintzelman,  Sacra- 
mento, Cal. 

537,033.— Safety  Valve— T.  W.  Heintzelman,  Sac- 
ramento, Cal. 

537,153.— Sash  Holder— L.  a.  Heinzerling,  Monte 
Cristo,  Wash. 

537,294.— Gas  Burner  Regulator— J.  Kraker,  S.F. 

537,162.— Can— John  Lee,  San  Mateo,  Cal. 

537,346.— Connecting  Rod— F.  F.  Maag,  Beau- 
mont. Cal. 

537,056.— Hop  Picker— M.  Marsa,  North  Yakima, 
Wash. 

537,300.— Station  Indicator— Murray  &  Krasky, 
S.  F. 

537,313.— Preserving  Fruit— A.  D.  Phepard,  S.  F. 

537,314.— Riveting  Machine— J.  I.  Smith,  Chico, 
Cal. 

537,082.— Tape  Measure— C.  Smart,  Turlock.  Cal. 

537,257.— Gold  Savtng  Apparatus— B.  M.  Whit- 
ing, Spokane,  Wash. 

24,176.— Badge  Design— C.  G.  Tingry,  Portland,  Or. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  in  the  shortest  time  possible 
by  mall  or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  For- 
eign patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  business 
for  Pacific  Coast  Inventors  transacted  with  perfect 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the  shortest 
possible  time. 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Msse»y     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHTJRETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PD?E,    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


WANTED! 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/Vline  and   /Will    Supplies. 

.       _      _    .  ,  Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 

$2500 — Wanted,  a  competent  cuemicai  Apparatus. 

and  honest  quartz  mill  man,  with  j  6S*BSfi5rs<st;;Co^™SBifn'fa"  Franci9«p 
above  sum,  to  take  half  interest  in 
custom  quartz  mill,  permanent  and 
desirable. 


■^y-s*      We  would  call  the  attention 
'      of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-i 


ices,  , 


$5000 — Wanted,  a  competent 
and  honest  quartz  mill  man  (assayer 
preferred)  to  take  interest  in  a 
custom  quartz  mill,  chlorination 
works  and  a  group  of  developed 
mines. 

Both  of  these  investments  are  safe  and  desira- 
ble, and  invite  investigation.  For  particulars,  ad- 
dress 

G.  B.  ROBERTSON,  Attoraey-at-Law, 

YREKA,  CAL. 


A  SPECIAL  MEETING  of  the  stockholders  of 
]  the  Julia  Consolidated  Mining1  company  will  be 
I  held  at  the  oftlce  of  the  comnany,  room  56,  No.  301) 
Montgomery  street,  San  Francisco,  California,  on 
FRIDAY,  the  3d  day  of  May.  1895,  at  the  hour  of 
1  o'clock,  for  the  purpose  of  considering  what  dis- 
position shall  be  made  of  stock  now- in  the  treas- 
ury of  aud  belonging  to  this  company,  and  the 
transaction  of  such  other  business  as  may  come 
before  the  meeting.  Transfer  books  will  close  on 
Tuesday,  April  30th,  at  3  o'clock  p.  m. 

J.  STADTFELD  Jr..  Secretary. 


ing  Companies,  Milling  Com- 
panies, Prospectors,  etc., 
our   full    slock   of   Balances, 
Furnaces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scarifiers,  etc;, 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  &bd 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  E.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACKAMENTO CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  CO., 

—Manufacturers  of— 
STEAll   ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  nit  kind*  of 
♦    ♦    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 

Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired.'  ". 

FRONT  STREET,  Bet:  IN  <&'0,, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL.      : 


April  20,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Coast   Industrial   Notes. 


I,,   .1.1. iii ion    i"    ' he    luunche      recently 
,,.',:  ieCo  arc  building 

.... 

a  large  fan f  men  Is  at  work  on  the  Rio 

t'erde,  Arizona,  canal  and  storage  reservoir. 
Tue  entire  work  will  <■.,*.!  $3,000,000,  and  Is  to 
be  finished  In  three  years. 

The  ZIndorf  Construction  Company,  <>f 
Seattle,  Wash.,  bos  incorporated  with  ITO,- 
ooDstruot  railways,  bridges,  etc.  The 
incorporators  are  M.  P.,  H.  i.  and  M  Zlndorf, 
Pel  ton  Water  Wheel  Co.  are  sending 
a  900  H-  P.  planl  to  Kioto,  Japan,  there  to  be 
dsed  in  operating  a  street  railroad  system. 
They  are  also  building  an  electrlc-power  plant 
for  <  lual  emala  residents. 

The  Hayward  Lane   mining  properties  at 

Silver  Bow,  Alaska,  are   having  pul    En  place 

the  new  mill,  etc.,  recently  shipped  from   the 

i  nion  Iron  Works.     Francis  Smith  &   Co.  are 

•  adlng  up  several  iii.m--.uu l  feel  oi  iron  pipe. 

The   Onion   Iron  Works   has  secured   the 
i  ror  the  Immense  new  hoistiugplani 

foi1  the  Anac la,  Montana,  uaiue.      The  Anu- 

wnda  has  everything  "ii  a  superlative  scale 

ami  the  new  machinery  will  !><■  sec I  trfiioue 

in  ihiti  State. 

W.  K.  Liudsay,  al  his  marble  works  in 
Autelope  valley,  Nevadu,  lusl  week  -'in  out 
bj  machinery  a  block  of  marble  six  feet 
ijuare  and  eleven  feel  long.  The  block  con- 
tains 390  cubic  feci  and  weighs  80,000  pounds. 
ii  Is  the  largest  solid  block  of  marble  ever  cut 
mil  by  machinery  on  this  coast. 

ii  i.s  staled  in  Los  Angeles  papers  that 
Sii-iii  Bros.,  the  proprietors  of  tin-  Monarch 
Distilling  Company  of  Chicago  and  Owens- 
boro,  Ky.,  are  making  arrangements  iu  put.  in 
,i  £1,000,000  plant  iti  that  city.  President 
Stein  is  now  there,  and  has  purchased  prop- 
erty which  Is  said  t->  be  intended  as  ground 
for  the  plant. 

The  Market  Street  and  Castro  street 
railway  Hues  were  each  supplied  with  a  new 
■  his  week  :  I  be  one  tor  Market  Street  is 
;  flso  reel  Long,  one  and  five-sixteenths  inches 
In  diameter,  and  weighs  72,000  pounds.  The 
Castro  Street  cable  is  33,000  feet  in  length. 
Prom  ii  i  nt*  t  \  to  two  hundred  and  fifty  days  is 
the  limit  of  the  life  of  a  cable  in  this  city. 

The  Southern  California  Railway  has  one 
passenger,  one  freight  and  two  switch  en- 
gines running  burning  oil  as  a  fuel  sui.re.ss- 
fUlly.  Tin-  engine  in  the  passenger  service 
makes  190  miles  and  averages  eighty  stops 
daily.  They  have  several  engines  which  are 
about  completed  as  oil  burners,  besides  sev- 
eral others  well  under  way  which  are  to  burn 
oil  as  fuel. 

-The  Stockton  Car,  Agricultural  and  Ma- 
chine Works  is  shipping  two  harvesters  to  the 
Argentine  Republic,  the  pioneer  harvesters 
to  enter  that  South  American  country.      Five 

'e  of  the  machines  will  be  constructed  and 

sent  to  Argentine  if  these  two  prove  success- 
ful, as  they  probably  will.  Two  experts  will 
be  sent  with  the  tnachiues  to  properly  start 
them  to  work, 

-On  the  reported  cut  of  the  Washington 
lumber  and  shingle  mills  on  the  1st  hist.,  it  is 
estimated  that  the  sawmills  of  that  State 
have  an  ordinary  daily  capacity  of  7,500,000 
feet  of  lumber,  15,000,000  shingles  and   1,500,- 

000  laths.  The  Tacoma  mill  made  the  largest 
cul  :  257,000  feet  of  lumber  and  90,000  laths  in 
twelve  hours,  employing  210  men.  The  Port 
Blakeley  mills  were  second.  There  arc  280 
mills  In  the  Stair,   about  350  being  iu  opera- 

1  inll. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway  Co.,  in  Montreal,  on  the  3rd 
inst.,  the  annual  report  showed  the  gross 
earnings  to  be  $18,752,167,  and  working  ex- 
penses $12,828,-858,  leaving  net  earnings  $(">,- 
423,309.  To  pay  intereston  land  bonds  ¥2,112,- 
729  had  beeu  taken  from  the  reserve  fund. 
The  earnings  per  passenger  per  mile  were 
l.s'j  cents,  and  per  ton  of  freight  per  mile  0.85 
cents,  against  1.09  and  0.87  cents  in  1893.  The 
Kraser  river  floods  caused  a  loss  of  $550,000, 
and  depression  in  business  is  responsible  for 
I  he  balance. 

The  cradle  in  which  the  big  lumber  raft 
is  building  at.  Stella,  Wash.,  by  Messrs.  Rob- 
inson &  Baines,  is  finished.  Most  of  the  piles 
of  which  the  raft  is  to  be  constructed  will  be 
floated  down  the  Cowlitz  river.  The  steamer 
Alice  Hlanchard  brought  up  from  this  city 
thirty  tons  of  massive  chains  that  will  be 
used  in  binding  the  thousands  of  piles  to- 
gether, though  it  will  lake  thirty  additional 
tons  of  chains  to  complete  the  job.  To  avoid  a 
disaster  such  as  occurred  to  the  raft  towed 
out  of  the  Columbia  last  fall,  the  builders  are 
having  a  strong  bulkhead  put  in  each  end  of 
the  raft,  instead  of  using  a  tug,  this  raft 
will  he  towed  here  by  a  large  ocean  steamer. 
The  last  raft,  which  went  to  pieces  off  the 
mouth  of  the  Columbia,  contained  10,000  piles, 
and  the  raft  was  over  4tli>  feet  in  length.  The 
builders  and  owners  of  the  second  raft  pro- 
pose to  profit  by  their  costly  experiment. 

There  is  a  growing  tendency  amoug 
manufacturers  to  use  crude  petroleum  in 
place  of  coal  as  fuel.  The  use  of  oil  is  becom- 
ing common  also  in  locomotives,  and  its  gen- 
eral adaptability  as  fuel  where  coal  has  be- 
fore been  used  renders  it  by  reason  of  its 
greater  cheapness  and  case  of  handling  a  suc- 
cess as  such  an  agency.  Since  the  perma- 
nency of  the  oil  wells  of  Los  Angeles  has  been 
proven  the  railroads  and  manufactories  of 
southern  California  have  in  many  instances 
made  a  test  of  oil  as  a  fuel,  with  the  result 
that  there  is  already  a  steady  demand  upon 
some  of  the  wells  for  the  entire  output. 
There  are  at  present  in  the  neighborhood  of 
160  wells  in  Los  Angeles  capable  of  producing 
2000  barrels  of  oil  per  day.  The  Santa  Fe 
Company  is  now  running  four  engines  with 
good  success  with  oil,  and  will  change  its  en- 
tire locomotive  equipment  to  oil -burners, 
probably  within  the  next  four  months.     The 


I  Angeles  Terminal  road  is  also  running 
two  oil  burning  locomotives  with  good  results, 
ami  has  signified  ids  Intention   "f  putting  on 

lli.    COS)    has  he. -n     found     lo    be    about 
one-third  as  much  as  cool,  and   the  us, 
considered  an  unquestioned  success. 

The  *  lolden  I  'Mas  Mill  and  Mining  Co.  arc 
making  extensive  improvements.  They  now 
bave  loriy  stamps  In  operation,  anil  will  add 
sixty,  tin  present  number  running  till  t  he 
additional  sixty,  now  in  process  of  construc- 
tion by  the  iMihuti  Engineering  ami  Ship- 
Building  Works,  are  on  the  ground,  where 
they  win  be  placed  had;  to  book  in  the  one 
building.  The  now  machinery  includes  u 
compound  Corliss  engine,  surface  condensing. 
With    them,    fuel    is    an   important  item:   the 

water  used  is  pumped  from  the  Colorado  river 
twelve  miles  distant,  and  piped  to  the  mine 
from  a  reservoir.  The  new  stamps  are  of 
steel,   each    hhmi   lbs.   weight.     The  Fulton 

Works  are    also    building    three    other    stamp 

mills,  one  of  30  stamps  lor  the  Silver  Peak, 
Nevada,  mine,  another  SO-stamp  for  the  Whit- 
lock,  Mariposa  Co..  and  a  iu  stamp  mill  to  be 
*en1  i"  Helena,  Montana.  They  are  also  put- 
ting up  a  100-ton  refrigerating  machine  for 
Myerand  SSobleman,  brewers  of  Los  Angeles. 

The  I  turaugo,  Flagstaff  and  San  l  Kego 
railroad  would  cost,   it    is   figured,   $7,000,000) 

tin'  Following  being  the    estimate    Of    average 

cost  per  mile  of  single-1  rack  railroad  : 

Civil  engineering  and  supervising I    110 


is  maintained   until   the   required  omounl   ol 

iio-  solution  ha--  bee  ii  absorbed.  Finally  the 
surplus  Quid  is  drawn  off,  the  doors  opened 
and  the  charge  hauled  out  Another  charge 
has  been  made  ready  in  tin-  meantime,  and  is 
immediately  pulled  into  the  aame  retort  to 
undergo  tin-  same  process.    The  total   time  of 

treatment  averages  about  eight  hours  and  a 
half,  and  the  entire  plant  is  capable  of  treat-  , 
iug  about  -.'."tin)  tics  in  Z4  hours.  If  the  Umber 
is  to  i»o  creosoted  the  sane-  plani  is  used,  but 
the  method  or  operation  is  different.  The 
ties  are  Hrat  boiled  in  dead  oil,  and.  after 
being  dried,  are  then  tilled  with    the  on-  .sot  e 

h>  applyi rig  pressure,  No  vacuum  is  used, 
hui  the  vapors   given  "ii   during  boiling  are 

passed  through  a  surface  condenser,  the  outlet 
of      the     latter     being     left     open     I"      the    air. 

The  condenser  enables  the  sap  extracted  to 
ho  asured.  and  also  affords  a  means  ol  re- 
covering the  lighter  [tortious  of  the  creosote 
carried  over  with  the  vaporized  sap. 


•5 


^ysfljft^MftNrtMa 


r^-,  -  I] 


^  FOR  *LL*MUS»5£S  %_ 

Wl  HE.  IvOPE  Ti\AM  wV\Ys . 

THOME! 


T REN  TON,  N.J.  ■£-■ 

N.v.ornci    c 


M6&3k^W* 


;^k- 


343 
1,000 

317 
15 

SOU 
10 
400 
113 
10(1 
aOU 


Ten-fool  outs  and  tills. 

Track  and  tleing,  laid 

HritltfiuB 

Tunneling 

Masonry 

Piling..  

Rocu  <'ui  i  Ing.. 

Sidings..  

Telegraph         

liuiidic^s  

Snow  sheds,  fences  and  plows. 

Total  tor  tracks $o,;W'.i  : 

Total  foi  equipment .   ...     -.\UUU  i 

Total  for  tracks  and  equipment $H,369  I 

Right  of  way,  average., ioo 

Total  average  cost  per  mile $8,469 

The  contractors  would  do  well,  however,  to 
double  those  estimates. 

—The  laying  of  a  submarine  cable  between 
the  United  States  and  the  Hawaiian  Islands 
will  be  one  of  the  vital  questions  to  come  be- 
fore the  54th  Congress.  The  recent  refusal  of 
the  present  House  of  Representatives  to  agree 
to  the  appropriation  of  $5Ul),0lHI  for  the  import- 
ant enterprise  was  unfortunate.  It  is  more 
than  likely,  however,  that  the  next  House 
will  be  more  favorable  to  the  enterprise,  and 
the  Senate  will  be  as  well  disposed,  at  least, 
as  the  present  body.  But  the  President  is 
understood  to  be  opposed  to  any  Government 
aid  being  granted  the  scheme,  and  conse- 
quently the  probabilities  are  that  no  encour- 
agement wit  I  be  forthcoming  during  the 
present  administration.  Public  sentiment 
may,  however,  become  so  strongly  in  favor  of 
the  enteiprise  that  a  two- thirds  vote  in  both 
branches  of  Congress  will  be  obtained  to  over- 
ride a  veto.  That  the  enterprise  i.s  an  im- 
portant one  and  sure  to  be  carried  out  in  the 
near  future  is  certain.  The  only  question 
now  is  whether  the  project  shall  be  hastened 
by  the  granting  of  governmental  assistance, 
or  whether  it  shall  wait  for  the  slower  move- 
ment of  private  capital,  it  is  estimated  that 
the  cost  of  a  cable  from  this  country  to  Hawaii 
would  be  $3, 000,01)1).  From  Salinas  Landing, 
in  Monterey  bay,  to  Honolulu  is  2107  miles, 
and  as  the  expense  of  making  and  laying  a 
cable  is  placed  at  $1200  a  mile,  these  two  items 
would  amount  to  $2,52S,400.  Allowing  $471,(500 
for  equipment,  concessions  and  franchise,  and 
the  total  cost  would  be  $8,01)0,000.  The  Brit- 
ish and  Canadian  Governments  are  willing  to 
spend  $7,000,000  in  a  Pacific  cable.  Why, 
therefore,  is  it  unreasonable  or  bad  policy  for 
the  United  States  to  spend  less  than  half 
that  sum  in  establishing  telegraphic  com- 
munication with  the  key  of  the  Pacific  ocean; 

— Most  of  the  cress-ties'  on  the  coast  lines  of 
the  Southern  Pacific  railroad  are  redwood. 
Some  of  the  ties  arc  made  from  pine  and  Br, 
treated  with  creosote  or  chloride  of  zinc  to 
make  it  durable.  As  the  supply  of  timber 
comes  from  widely  separated  points,  and  it 
is  expensive  bringing  it  to  a  central  station  to 
be  treated  with  these  preservatives,  and  then 
sending  it  to  another  place  to  be  laid  in  the 
track,  it  was  recently  decided  to  make  a 
portable  apparatus  which  could  be  moved 
from  place  to  place,  thus  reducing  the  expense 
of  the  preserving  process  by  an  amount  equa' 
to  the  saviug  of  transportation  effected.  The  j 
apparatus  consists  of  a  train  made  up  of  a  car 
equipped  with  two  steam  boilers,  steam  I 
winch  and  other  appliances;  a  car  provided  I 
with  a  superheater,  pumps  and  tanks;  two  ! 
cars,  each  carrying  three  wooden  tanks  for  ' 
holding  the  preservative  liquid,  and  two 
retorts,  each  six  feet  in  diameter  and  114  feet 
long,  divider!  into  two  sections,  each  carried 
on  two  heavy  car  trucks.  This  train  is  hauled 
to  a  location  such  that  the  cost  of  moving  the 
rough  ties  to  it  and  the  treated  ties  from  it  is 
reduced  to  a  minimum.  Then  the  retorts  are 
connected  with  the  other  apparatus;  the 
tracks  arc  arranged  so  that  the  ties  can  be 
hauled  in  and  out  of  the  retorts  by  wire  ropes, 
and  the  side  tracks  are  laid  so  that  the  labor 
of  handling  the  ties  is  as  little  as  possible. 
The  method  of  treatment  with  zinc  chloride  is 
comparatively  simple.  The  charge  of  ties  is 
run  on  metal  trucks  into  the  retort,  and  the 
heads  or  doors  of  the  latter  are  bolted  up. 
Next  a  prelimiuarv  vacuum  is  produced  in  the 
retort.  It  takes  about  ten  minutes  to  pro- 
duce this  vacuum,  and  meauwhile  the  doors 
are  bolted  up  tight.  Live  steam  at  about 
thirty  pounds  pressure  is  then  let,  in,  and  is 
continued  for  about  four  hours  and  a  half, 
about  half  an  hour  more  being  required  to 
blow  it  off.  During  this  steaming  and  blow- 
ing off  the  retorts  are  drained.  For  about  an 
hour  longer  a  second  vacuum  is  maintained, 
and  then  the  tank  is  filled  with  the  solution 
of  zinc  chloride  and  put  under  pressure,  which 


Business     College, 

24  Post  Street,        -  Sun  Frauolsco. 

FOR  SEVENTY -FIVE  DOLLARS 

Thta  Collepe  tiiHtructs  in  Shorthand,  Type-Writing 
Bookkeepinp.  Telegraphy,  PenmanHhlp.  Drawing:, 
all  the  Rngliaii  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  bUBinesH.  for  full  six  uioiiMib.  \Vh  have  Hlxleen 
teachers  and  give  individual  Instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 


Has  been  establish 
Instructor.    The 
Send  for  Circular, 


icier  ;i  thoroughly  qualified 
iirse  is  thoroughly   practical. 
O.  S.  HALEY.  Sec 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.       -      426  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  11  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  #S"Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

(ill  and  G13   FRONT  ST.,  San  FranclHcn,  Cal. 


PUMPS! 


SEALED  PROPOSALS 

Will  !»■  received  bj  IlleCITV  in-'  SACRAW  ENTO, 

CALIFORNIA,  until  MAY   1.  ISttfi,   for   n-ii 

in*,'  ami  constructing 

HIGH  DUIY  PUMPING  ENGINES 

One  (1)  having  a  capacity  of  S,O0D,00U  gallons  per 
twenty-four  hours;  the  pump  to  bo  ol  the.  vertical 
triple  expansion  or  cross  -compound  type. 

The  bid  to  include  air  pumps,  valves,  reed 
pumps,  piping  and  all  other  appurtenances  per- 
taining to  a  pumping  plant,  excepting  boilers, 

Steam-pipe  connections. musl  l"'  made  and  fur- 
nished by  contractor,  also  connections  made  and 

furnished  to  suction  and  mains. 

The  city  to  furnish  conorete  foundation  for  pump 
and  hui  Id  pump  house. 

Specifications  may  be  obtained  al  the  o'fllce  of 
the  City  Clerlt. 

O.  S.  FLINT,  City  Clerk. 

T^Russell  Process. 

For  iuformation  concerning  thisproeess 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO.. 

l'llrk  City,  lllllh. 


FMCK-THMLL'S 

Celebrated  Boiler  Compound 

FOB 

Removing  or   l*revei»ting  Scales 

Corrosion  hiicI  rilling  in 

Steam  lioilers. 

Will  save  its  cost  iu  fuel,  boiler  re- 
pairs or  labor. 


Vulcanized  Fiber  Yalves 
Ordinary  Rubber  Valves, 

For  Hot  or  Cola  Water. 

Pure  Rubber  Air  Pump  Valves. 
COMBINED  ~r¥g  PACKING 

For  Piston  Rods.  Steam, 
Water  or  Ammonia. 
FLAX    PACKIIMO 

AND    AJ.I. 

ENGINEERS'     SUPPLIES. 

Write  fur  references,  prices  ami  disannul  to 

M.    P1CKTHALL    &    CO. 

OFFICE  AND  FACTOHY: 
S09-SI3  MISSION  STREET SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Telephone  N"o.  i.r>.r>n. 


$?™J%T>»*  ^sSffSSSes^ 


PlAHTS  If ' 


GENERAL  MlNilG  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY    DESCRIPTION. 

s-^^-iyTREMAIN  STEAM  STUMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,   King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS^ 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Macliiucrj . 

Dept.  "M,"  50  S.  Glinton  St 

CHICAGO,  ILLS..  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS 


NEW   YORK, 

iae  liberty  -■>. 


LONDON,  E,  C, 
73   A  QUEEN    VICTORIA  CT. 


BUTTE,. 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO. 
S    CALLE    DE    GANTP 


25t> 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  20   189S. 


RI5D0N   IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address:     "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 


<^ss^riANUFACTURERS     OF^°>&z^> 


's  Concentrator,      ^0!5£^iyf! 
lenge  Ore  Feeders,  Air  Compressors, 

The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Johns 
Cha 

MINI 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 


San  Franoisco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON,  Manager. 

Denver,  Col 1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL,  Agent. 

New  York  City 26   Cortlandt  Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  III 509  Borne  Ins.  Building. 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING 


suai 


HAVE   YOU    A   fllNE?     If  so  do  not  fail  to  see 

&  Lacy  Co.'s  Stock  of 

mi 


SOLD  AT  LOW  PRICES. 

12,\  eirsd  ;23  Fremont  Street,  .... 


Sar»  Francisco,  Cal. 


Union    Iroin  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST    AND     MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-mflNUFACTURERS       OF-- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  A\ills, 

manty  Chill  ./Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  Water  TUl/heel, 

PUMPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead  Furnaces,        F\\\  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^az^SHIP  BUILDERS,      -£•      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      ^      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^ss^ 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     I4S    B  FtOf\  D  \JW  FK^V .  CABU!  jIDURESU:     "UNION." 


not  ice  jrq  gc  ;  o  miners! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Sa7  J^g  Gold 


IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES. 


MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 


•  AT   REDUCliD    PRICES. 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  aud  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated,  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

""--^tnaflSZZ^-  Incorporated.  -«^KSHsxb«=^ 

■  send  for  circulars.  68,  ?0  and  %2  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,A1St 

521  awl  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  A»~~ 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hosldns'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLISIK    I. XX. 

Number  17. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  SATURDAY,  APRIL  27,  1895. 


THREE   DOLLARS  PER  ANNUM. 

Slugle  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


The  fiirard    Water    Wheel  Company. 


Among  other  present  matters  of  local  industry  in 
this  city  is  to  be  noted  that  of  making  Girard  im- 
pulse water  wheels,  a  branch  of  much  importance 
from  several  points  of  view. 

Americans,  contrary  to  custom  and  tradition, 
have,  almost  without  notice  or  participation,  per- 
mitted the  rise  and  development  of  impulse  turbine 
wheels  to  go  on  increasing  for  forty  years  past  in 
nearly  all  the  countries  of  Europe,  the  only  excep- 
tion, and  a  very  important  one,  being  the  develop- 
ment and  manufacture  of  tangential  wheels  on  this 
coast. 

The  impulse  turbine  was  invented  in  this  country 
long  prior  to  its  rise  in  Europe,  but  the  inventor,  in 
presenting  his  petition  for  a  patent  in  the  United 
States  Patent  Office  in  1853  for  an  unfilled  or  im- 
pulse turbine  water  wheel,  was  informed  that  he  had 
no  standing  in  hydraulic  practice,  and  his  views  were 


F" '"  '; ^  •■"■  ■  r — ^-* 


.■.^.i:;;:^..i\..... 


Fig.  2.— SECTION 


but  no  wheels  operating  on  the  impulse  system, 
except  tangential  wheels  in  California,  and  when  the 
Niagara  Commission  came  to  consider  water  wheels 
for  a  head  of  140  feet  there  were  no  plans  furnished 
from  this  couutry  that  met  with  any  consideration 
by  the  commission  of  engineers  appointed  for  that 
purpose  except  the  tender  for  tangential  wheels  pre- 
pared by  the  Pelton  "Water  Wheel  Co.  of  this  city. 

The  reason  of  this  is  found  in  the  fact  that  all 
over  the  Eastern  slope,  from  the  Rocky  mountains 
to  the  Atlantic  coast,  and  throughout  the  Mississippi 
valley,  where  so  large  a  proportion  of  our  national 
industries  and  population  are  situated,  the  streams 
are  flat  and  the  heads  are  low.  Where  this  is  not 
the  case  the  volume  of  water  is  usually  great,  and 
the  head  is  divided,  in  some  cases,  into  three  parts, 
so  that  turbine  practice  has  all  centered  in  the  pres- 
sure or  low-head  type  now  made  by  not  less  than 
twenty  firms  and  companies  in  this  country. 

The  Girard  or  impulse  water  wheels,  so  called  be- 


FlG.  1.—  SIDE    VIEW    OF    GIRARD    WATER    WHEEL. 
(5) 


Fig.  4.—  WATER    WHEEL    WITH    INERTIA    GOVERNOR. 


fallacious.  The  fact  of  his 
having  constructed  such 
wheels,  and  operated  them  un- 
der high  efficiency,  was  not 
regarded  as  good  evidence; 
but  twenty  years  after,  when 
Girard  and  others  had  demon- 
strated the  value  of  the  meth- 
od, and  firms  in  Europe  were 
making  and  supplying  such 
wheels,  a  patent  was  issued 
to  Jearum  Atkiu,  still  living  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

The  Pourneyron  and  Jonval 
wheels  were  introduced  from 
France,  and  the  American  in- 
ward discharge  turbines  came 
up  in  many  ingenious   forms, 


Fig.  6.— WATER    WHEEL    ANP    DYNAMO— INERTIA     GOVERNOR. 


Fig.  5.—  WATER    WHEEL    AND    DYNAMO— HAND    REGULATION 


cause  M.  Girard,  of  Paris,  was 
most  prominent  in  developing, 
explaining  and  designing  such 
wheels,  came  to  the  front 
about  1860,  being  first  made, 
but  on  plans  now  abandoned, 
at  Zurich,  in  Switzerland, 
where,  as  on  this  coast,  the 
high  heads  and  pressures  ren- 
dered the  common  turbine 
wheels   impracticable. 

Girard  or  impulse  water 
wheels  as  distinguished  from 
pressure  turbines,  and  even 
from  tangential  or  other  im- 
pulse wheels,  have  peculiar 
features.  They  are  capable 
[Continued  on  page  262.) 


258 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pres; 


April  27,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      ISOO. 

Oldest  Mininir  Journal  on  tlie  American  Continent. 

OJfice,  No.  'JM  Market  Street ,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Francisco. 
S&~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 

ANNUAL    SUBSCHIPTION : 

United  States.  Mexico  and  Canada ¥3  00 

All  Other  Countries  In  the  Puatal  Union 4  00 

Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postoffiee  as  second-class  mail  matter. 

Our  latent  forms  go  tn  press  on  Thursday  evening. 

.1.  P.  HALLORAX Genera  I  Manager 


San  Francisco,  April  27,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— The  Givard  Water  Wheel,  257.  The  Lunken- 
heimer  "  Jewel"  Grease  Cap.  260.  Plat  of  Mining  Claims  on  the 
Galisteo  River,  New  Mexico,  261. 

EDITORIALS.— The  Girard  Water  Wheel  Company,  257.  An  Inter- 
esting  Report;  Wells,  Fargo  Cease  Carrying  Letters;  Miscella- 
neous, 26a. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Interplanetary  Communication;  Im- 
provements in  Printing  Machinery;  An  Auro-al  Search-Light; 
Experiments  With  Water,  264. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Bell's  Great  Rival,  265. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS— Tesla's  Oscillator;  Reducing  Electric 
Voltages,  269. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  266-67. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  270. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates;  Personal,  259.  Minas  Prietas 
Camp,  Sonora.  Mexico;  The  Lunkeuheimer  "  Jewel "  Grease  Cupr 
A  New  Use  for  the  Air  Caisson,  260.  Santa  Fe  Placer  Mining  Co.-; 
Rubies  of  Burmah,  261.  Use  of  Petroleum  to  Prevent  Boiler  In- 
crustation: A  Nevada  Suggestion;  New  Books  Received,  262. 
The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons.  263.  Cost  of  Stopping  a  Train;  A 
Novel  Calculation, -264.  A  Machinist's  Arm  Filled  With  Wire; 
The  Passing  of  the  Horse;  The  Manufacture  of  Wild  Men.  269. 
Notices  of  Recent  Patents,  270     Coast  Industrial  Notes,  271 


"  Competition  is  worse  than  war  and  a  curse  to 
the  country,"  says  a  Sau  Francisco  clergyman.  Gold 
mining  is  the  one  business  in  which  there  is  no  com- 
petition. 

It  is  the  opinion  of  several  able  lawyers  who  have 
been  consulted  on  the  subject  that  the  product  of 
the  mines  is  exempt  from  income  tax.  The  output 
of  a  mine,  being  a  product  of  real  estate,  cannot  be 
taxed  under  that  law,  and  mining  companies  need 
not  pay  taxes  on  their  net  profits.  Of  course  this  is 
not  ex  cathedra,  but  is  the  likely  result. 


sonal  belief  that  divides  men  and  makes  them  take 
sides.     A  believes  in  protection:    he   is   a   firm   ad- 
herent of  that  doctrine.     B,  his  neighbor,  as  good  a 
man.  as  honest  of  intention  and  as  desirous  of  pros- 
perity, firmly  believes   in   free   trade. .   Now  protec- 
tion and  free  trade  are  directly  opposite.     If  A  is 
right,  B  is  wrong,  and  vice   versa;  yet  A  must  not 
be  blamed  for  implicit  belief  in  protection,  nor  B  for 
advocacy  of  free  trade.     Each   has   a   right   to   his 
honest  opinion.     But  they  can't  both   be  right,   and 
the  one  who  is  wrong  has  as  good  right  to  be  wrong 
as  the  other  whose  opinion^s   orthodox,    and   that 
right  must  be   respected,    and   not   unjustly   inter- 
fered  with.     So   with    any    public    question.     The 
Record- Union  has  a  right   to   honestly   believe    that 
hydraulic  mining  is  an  invention  of  the  devil  and  de- 
structive to  the  commonwealth.    Of  course  it  is  hard 
to  see  how  any  one  in  California  outside  of  an  insane 
asylum  can  honestly  have  such    belief;    it   would   be 
infinitely  more  to  the  credit   of   any   one   possessing 
such  belief  to  go   crazy,    as   that   would   argue   the 
possession  of  brains;  but,  the  Record-  LT» ion  has  that 
belief,  and  though  wrong,  has  a  right  to  so  believe. 
This  applies  solely  to  the  domain  of  opinion,  creed, 
belief.     The  realm  of  facts  and  actions   is  quite  an- 
other  thing.     When. the    Recurd-L'niun    makes  ma- 
licious and  mendacious   statements  it  transcends  all 
right  of  opinion  and  deservedly   elicits   censure   and 
reproof;  but  so  far  as  honest  beliefs  and  opinions  are 
concerned,  any  one  and  every  one  "  has  a  right  to  be 
wrong,''  which,  after   all,    is   only  'another   way   of 
saying  that   we  are   always   willing   to   concede   to 
others  the  same  degree  of  consistency   that   we   ex- 
pect shall  be  accorded  to  ourselves. 


An   Interesting  Report. 


Wells,   Fargo  Cease  Carrying  Letters. 


Lying  before  us  is  an  address  recently  delivered 
by  Mr.  M.  P.  Kennard,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Bank 
Presidents'  Association  of  Boston.  In  it  he  speaks 
of  the  gold  dollar  as  "our  historical  and  inevitable 
single  standard."  Lying  beside  it  is  a  silver  dollar 
dated  1799.  Around  the  edge  is  the  imprint  "  One 
Hundred  Cents,  Standard  or  Unit."  Either  the  old 
silver  dollar  or  Mr.  Kennard  is  mistaken.  Probably 
Mr.  K.  thinks  back  or  knows  naught  no  further  than 
1873,  and  dates  history  from  that  as  the  great  era  in 
earthly  chronology. 


Patent  office  rules  b'5,  134  and  tS8,  which  were 
issued  February  4th,  in  consequence  of  the  decision 
of  the  courts  in  the  Berliner  telephone  patent  cases, 
went  into  effect  last  week,  although  they  will  not  in- 
terfere with  the  practice  of  the  office  for  six  .months 
yet.  Heretofore  an  application  for  a  patent  whose 
claim  was  rejected  could  hold  it  in  abeyance  for  two 
years  before  altering  his  specifications  or  appealing 
for  a  new  hearing,  in  the  meanwhile  shutting  out 
other  patents  by  making  slight  changes.  At  the 
end  of  two  more  years  an  application  could  be  kept 
still  pending,  thus  prolonging-  the  life  of  inventions 
much  beyond  the  contemplation  of  the  law.  In  the 
Berliner  cases  the  patent  was  in  the  office  for  about 
fifteen  years  and  was  then  granted  to  run  for  seven- 
teen years.  The  courts  declared  this  action  illegal. 
The  new  rules  require  applications  and  appeals  to 
be  made  within  six  months  and  direct  the  rejection 
of  any  claims  that  have  been  pending  for  five  years 
unless  the  applicant  can  show  cause  why  the  case 
was  not  rapidly  prosecuted. 


A  Placer  county  man  writes  taking  issue  with  an 
editorial  statement  made  last  week  in  which,  where 
discussing  the  attitude  of  the  Record-Union  toward 
hydraulic  mining,  it  was  stated  that  that  paper 
"  had  a  right  to  be  wrong."  He  says  he  doesn't  see 
how  any  one  has  "  a  right  to  be  wi-ong,"  and  thinks 
such  a  thing  as  •'  a  right  to  be  wrong  "  is  a  paradox 
and  that  one  ''must  be  either  right  or  wrong.- 
Just  so;  but  he  has  a  choice  of  either,  and  free  will  in 
the  choice.  There  was  and  is  no  intention  to  juggle 
with  words.  The  idea  is  this:  take  the  question  of 
protection,  or  -religion,  or  any  other  matter  of  per- 


Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.  are  about  to  quit  carrying 
letters  in  the  United  States.  In  view  of  the  close 
personal  relations  of  that  company  to  the  miners  of 
this  coast,  that  announcement  is  one  of  more  than 
ordinary  interest  and  awakens  many  reminiscences. 
FSr  a  generation,  "Wells,  Fargo"  have  been  the 
old  reliable.  They  always  charged  big  prices,  which 
looked  very  large  sometimes,  but  whatever  was  in 
the  front  boot  generally  went  through  at  any  cost, 
and  many  a  time  they  constituted  the  only  link  of 
mail  communication.  No  matter  how  deep  the  snow 
or  bad  the  road;  no  matter  who  went  wrong  or  what 
happened,  the  treasure  box  and  the  mail  generally 
got  through,  and  the  calling  out  of  the  addresses  on 
the  letters  was  the  event  of  the  day  in  many  a  min- 
ing town  in  every  nook  and  corner  of  the  Pacific 
States  and  Territories.  For  a  generation  the  com- 
pany was  a  better  mail  carrier  and  gave  the  miners 
better  service  than  the  United  States  Government. 
'■  Two  bits  "  was  steep  for  a  letter  as  compared  with 
three  cents,  the  government  charge,  but  the  letter 
-with  "  Wells,  Fargo  "  on  it  went  to  its  destination, 
while"  the  government  red  tape  often  made  costly  de- 
lay in  the  delivery  of  a  plain  United  States  stamped 
envelope.  For  many  years  the  price  of  a  "Wells, 
Fargo  envelope  "  has  been  five  cents,  which  in  many 
cases  included  "a  special  delivery  where  received. 

Next  to  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  the 
Wells,  Fargo  letter  delivery  was"  the  oldest  mining- 
institution  On  this^eoast  or  in  this  country,  and  the 
cessation  of  its  operations  is  in  one  sense  like  hear- 
ing of  the  dissolution  of  an  old  friend. 

Wherever  a  mining  camp  was  started,  the,  con 
cern  had  a  business  office  as  soon  as  the  saloon,  no- 
tary public,  assay  office  and  corral  were  in  opera- 
tion, and  some  of  the  smartest  men  on  the  coast 
have  been  local  agents  for  the  company,  whose  daily 
or  tri-weekly  mail  delivery  began  when  a  stage  com- 
menced running  to  the  new  town.  Its  operations 
were  on  a  very  large  scale;  as  far  back  as  thirty 
years  ago  the  company  bought  annually  2,000,000 
three-cent  stamped  envelopes. 

It  is  doubtful  whether  its  mail  delivery  ever  paid 
as  a  special  branch  of  the  business,  but  it  put  the 
company  into  such  familiar  touch  with  the  miners; 
it  was  such  a  convenience,  that  it  induced  consider- 
able business  that  otherwise  it  would  never  have  se- 
cured. 

It  will  buy  no  more  envelopes  from  the  Govern- 
ment, and  when  the  stock  now  on  hand  is  used  up, 
the  old  familiar  "Wells,  Fargo  envelope,"  "  Paid  on 
our  coast  lines"  will  be  only  a  memory. 


From  John  Hays  Hammond  is  received  the  report 
of  the  British  South  Africa  Company,  at  the  meet- 
ing, held  Jan.  18,  '95.  The  scope  of  the  concern  is 
something  tremendous,  comprising  the  government 
and  operations  of  an  empire.  The  territory  em- 
braces the  greater  portion  of  that  part  of  Africa 
between  the  8th  and  34th  degrees  of  south  latitude 
and  the  17th  and  35th  degrees  of  west  longitude: 
considerably  over  1,000,000  square  miles.  It  tells 
of  peace  and  war;  battles,  marches,  victories,  treaties 
and  results;  of  trade  and  gain;  labor,  language,  re.-- 
ligion,  railways  and  capital;  of  mining,  profit  and 
prospective  action.  Part  of  it  is  a  story  of  a  con- 
quest; part  of  it  a  narrative  of  a  concession;  more  of 
it  a  history  of  a  new  East  India  Company;  other 
parts  tell  of  transcendent  gain  and  great  possibil- 
ities: all  of  it  is  as  interesting  as  any  current  litera- 
ture. The  report  shows  that  the  company's  oppor- 
tunity is  a  great  one,  its  actions  imperial,  its  mo- 
nopoly absolute,  and  its  aims  purely  commercial. 
Where  it  could  not  coerce  it  temporized;  where  it 
could  not  buy  it  bribed;,  where  it  could  not  do  other- 
wise it  played  lesser  powers  against  each  other  and 
aggrandized  all. 

Any.  one  of  its  many  operations  would  be  of  itself  a 
very  large  business  transaction.  Its  capital  runs 
into  the  millions;  its  power  is  practically  limitless: 
petty  questions  of  jurisdiction  and  privilege  are 
overridden,  and  with  true  British  dominance  it 
makes  profit  of  minor  necessities. 

The  report  is  a  complete  compendium  of  informa- 
tion. It  tells  how  to  get  to  its  ports  from  any  part 
of  the  world:  the  route,  cost,  time,  etc. ;  whether 
from  Capetown  to  take  rail  or  stage  or  mules; 
how  to  arrange  for  food  and  transportation;  the 
necessary  outfit,  etc.,  then  passes  to  a  history  of 
"The  Matabele  War,"  with  a  complete  account  of 
troops,  campaigns,  and  tables  of  killed  and 
wounded. 

Civil  administration  and  governmental  affairs  re- 
ceive attention;  legislative  and  judicial  depart- 
ments, -foreign  relations,"  postal  service  and 
other  governmental  branches  being  given  atten- 
tion— the  whole  thing  reading  like  a  government 
report. 

A  complete  history  is  given  of  the  gold  develop- 
ment of  the  country:  a  list  of  all  the  districts  with 
particulars  of  the  work  done  in  each  district,  the 
depth  of  the  shaft,  the  width  of  the  ledge,  the  ore 
assay,  the  net  result  in  pennyweights  and  grains, 
with  minute  details  regarding  a  multitude  of  min- 
ing properties.  A  table  is  given  of  69  distinct  and 
separate  companies  and  syndicates — sub-schemes  in 
whose  interests  the  main  company  participates — 
followed  by  Mr.  Hammonds  report  on  the  mineral 
resources  of  Mashonaland  and  Matabeland,  to 
which  previous  reference   has  been  made. 

The  different  newspapers — seven  in  number — are 
described;  agriculture,  the  Jesuits,  native  races, 
surveys,  rules  and  regulations  for  taking  up  mining 
claims,  how  land  can  be  secured,  licenses  obtained, 
and  a  variety  of  other  topics  are  discussed. 

Some  idea  may  be  had  of  the  extent  of  the  com- 
pany's "mining  business"  from  the  summary  show- 
ing that  from  December,  '93,  to  September,  '94 — 
nine  months — there  were  21,783  mining  claims  regis- 
tered in  the  Matabeleland  districts.  One  item  in 
the  company's  balance  sheet  of  accounts  reads  as 
follows  : 

"  Matabele  War  Expenditure — defences  in  Ma- 
shonaland and  for  protection  of  life  and  property — 
war  material,  viz.:  guns  and  ammunition,  wagons, 
horses,  oxen,  tents  and  volunteer  equipment — food 
and  supplies  used  during  the  war  and  sundry  ex- 
penses, £113,488  2s  lid."  That  was  just  a  little  inci- 
dental matter  of  half  a  million  dollars  expended,  it 
beingjiecessary  to  have  peace  even  if  they  had  to 
tight  for  it,  on  the  same  principle  as  in  the  old  days 
at  Pioche,  Nev. .  when  fighters  were  paid  $20  a  day 
by  the  Raymond  and  Ely  and  Hermes  Companies  to 
"stand  oft"'  rival  claimants. 

The  whole  thing  is  the  chronicle  of  an  empire,  the 
opening  chapters  in  the  history  of  a  new  world  where 
none  but  the  daring  venture  and  none  but  the  strong 
survive,  and  is  a  straightforward  and  valuable  ac- 
count of  the  subjugation  and  development  of  a  rich 
and  savage  region  by  the  dominant  race. 


Apil27,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pres^. 


259 


Concentrates. 


The  mines  around  Butte,  Montana,  produce  B000  tons  a  day. 

The  Gold  Bluff  mine  near  Downieville,  Cal.,  is  temporarily 
closed. 

Bctte,  Montana's,  new  directory  claims  a  population  for 
that  city  of  51,579. 

Tub  new  directory  of  Helena.  Montana,  gives  that  city  a 
population  of  2 

The  Calumet  and  Hecla  has  declared  a  $5  per  share  divi- 
dend, payable  May  10th. 

The  iron  in  the  tailings  from  the  Pilot  Bay  smelter  runs 
four  to  five  per  cent  nickel. 

Cbsbdb,  Col.,  mine  owners  have  determined  to  pump  out 
the  mines  and  sink  deeper. 

The  Santa  Rosa  and  Good  Hope  mines,  Riverside  Co.,  are 
about  to  give  the  cyanide  process  a  trial. 

T.  H.  Tkevithick,  a  miner  in  the  Hibernia  mine  near  Bur- 
lington Montana,  was  killed  by  a  cave  last  week. 

A.  W.  Lyman,  editor  of  the  Helena  Independent,  is  the  only 
uewspup  -r  man  in  Montana  who  has  to  pay  an  income  tax. 

TBlReymert  Mining  Co.  have  bought  the  Mountain  Chief 
mine  in  Humbug  district,  Yavapai  Co.,  Arizona,  for  $40,000. 

Slit.  Twum  informs  the  Grass  Valley  Union  that  a  five- 
stamp  mill  will  in  a  few  weeks  be  placed  on  the  Daisy  Hill 
mine. 

Tue  Daly,  Utah,  Company  last  Saturday  shipped  to  San 
Francisco  niueteen  bars  of  silver  bullion,  containing  over 
22,000  ounces. 

A  Two  weeks'  run  of  a  ten-stamp  mill  has  netted  the  owners 
of  the  Royal  Mining  Company  in  Granite  county,  Montana 
380  ounces  of  gold,  worth  *0,000. 

Tue  machinery  from  the  iron  mine  at  Hotaling,  Placer  Co., 
was  takeu  to  Oakland  this  week,  thus  ending  many  high 
hopes.     There  is  plenty  good  ore  there. 

Heavy  rains  in  Kern  county  have  so  contrasted  the  usual 
with  the  occasional  as  to  interfere  with  the  working  of  the 
dry  washers  at  Red  Rock  and  Goler. 

The  Minnesota  Legislature  has  defeated  an  effort  to  estab- 
lish a  tax  on  the  valuation  of  the  mining  properties  instead  of 
the  output  of  the  mines  in  that  State. 

A  new  mining  district  is  being  opened  thirty  miles  east  of 
Walter  station  on  the  S.  P.  R.  R.,  in  Riverside  county.  The 
rock  is  reported  to  average  $40,  free  gold. 

The  steamer  Lucy,  used  as  a  tug  by  the  Treadwell  Mining 
Company  of  Alaska,  was  wrecked  on  the  8th  inst.  off  Port 
Houghton,  Alaska.     The  crew  was  saved. 

Bids  are  being  received  for  pumping  out  the  Granite  Hill, 
Nevada  Co.,  mine,  preparatory  to  resuming  work.  An  assess- 
ment of  five  cents  per  share  has  been  levied. 

The  Electric  Power  Co.  are  at  work  at  Kernville,  Cal.,  on 
their  6u-l't.  ditch  which  will  discharge  fourteen  miles  below 
with  280  feet  fall,  furnishing  light  and  power. 

The  Great  Western  Mining  Company  has  been  formed  in 
Spokane  with  $1, 000,000  capital  stock  to  work  the  Great 
Western  and  Garden  Chariot  claims  on  Trail  creek. 

William  A.  Clark,  of  Butte,  Montana,  confirms  the  report 
that  he  will  be  the  principal  holder  in  the  company  that  has 
purchased  the  brass  plant  of  Wallace  &  Son.  Ansonia,  Conn. 

Work  will  socn  commence  on  the  erection  of  additional  ma- 
chinery at  the  Mammoth  mine,  Tombstone  district,  Arizona. 
When  completed  the  mill  will  have  a  capacity  of  300  tons  per 
day. 

And  now  South  African  analysts  tell  us  that  from  thirteen 
200-pound  coal  samples  from  the  Witwatersrand  an  average  of 
'6%  dwts.  of  gold  to  the  ton  of  coal  has  been  obtained.  What 
next! 

Antimony  is  abundant  in  different  portions  of  this  State. 
The  only  antimony  smelting  works  in  the  United  States  are 
in  San  Francisco.  Fifty  per  cent  ore  is  worth  about  §50  per 
ton  in  San  Francicn. 

The  Holy  Terror  property  in  the  Black  Hills,  which  South 
Dakota  papers  say  has  been  turning  out  a  daily  net  profit  of 
$7000,  has  been  shut  down,  both  mill  and  mine.  Litigation  is 
the  declared  cause. 

Trinity  county  miners  met  at  Weaverville  last  Sunday  and 
subscribed  a  handsome  sum  to  aid  the  California  Miners' 
Association  in  their  effort  to  protect  mineral  land  from  absorp- 
tion by  the  railroad  companies. 

The  suit  brought  against  Sheriff  Gregory  in  the  United 
States  Circuit  Court  by  the  General  Electric  Company  for 
$3000  on  account  of  his  detention  of  certain  mining  machinery 
at  the  Gover  mine  was  dismissed. 

Silver  is  quoted  at  67.  The  upward  tendency  of  the  white 
metal  is  very  encouraging  to  the  miners  of  Montana,  but  it 
must  go  to  80  cents  an  ounce  before  the  average  Montana 
silver  mine  can  be  worked  at  a  profit. 

Comstockers  wherever  scattered  over  the  world  will  be 
interested  to  hear  that  the  present  proprietor  of  the  Inter- 
national Hotel,  Virginia,  Nevada,  has  proposed  to  a  Renoite 
to  move  the  hotel  to  Reno.     It  orginally  costs  S280,000. 

The  consideration  in  the  Monte  Cristo,  Iron  Horse  and  En- 
terprise deal,  in  the  Rossland,  B.  C,  district,  was  $65,000,  of 
which  ten  per  cent  was  paid  down  to  the  owners.  Develop- 
ment work  will  proceed  at  once  on  the  Iron  Horse  and  Enter- 
prise. 

Nearly  one  hundred  square  miles  of  placer  ground  has 
been  secured  by  New  York  men  along  Four  Mile  creek,  Kautt 
Co.,  Colorado,  who  say  they  have  $10,000,000  in  sight.  Forty 
miles  of  ditching  and  piping  will  be  necessary  to  work  the 
gulches. 

Articles  have  been  filed  at  Spokane,  Wash.,  to  incorporate 
the  Ohio  and  Idaho  Mining  Company,  capital  stock  $50,000. 
Trustees— B.  F.  Lee  of  Lake  Brady,  Ohio;  N.  A.  Clark, 
Cleveland,  Ohio;  W.  I.  Hinckley,  A.  B.  Keeler  and  C.  F.  Lee 
of  Spokane. 

As  an  illustration  of  what  new  and  proper  mining  methods 
will  do,  the  Prescott  Courier  cites  the  instance  of  Lynx  Creek, 
Arizona,  where  for  twenty  years  nothing  could  be  done  with 
mines  and  the  section  had  a  veritable  black  eye.  Now  the 
entire  district  is  a  hive  of  industry,   new   machinery  is  con- 


stantly going  in  and  112  per  ton  ore  Is  worked  uii  a  lurgc  *cale 
with  profit,  while  $30  concentrates  are  considered  good.  The 
day  when  only  $100  ore  could  be  handled  has  passed  away. 

The  Hecla  Consolidated  MiningCompany  of  Glendale,  Mont.. 
paid  last  Thursday  dividend  No.  13s.  $15,000,  being  one  per 
cent  on  the  capital  stock,  making  $60,000  paid  in  dividends 
this  year,  and  a  total  paid  bv  the  companv  up  to  date  of 
$2,070,000. 

There  is  a  water  famine  reported  in  Caudelaria.  and  the 
residents  are  obliged  to  get  their  supply  of  that  liquid  from 
the  locomotive  tanks.  The  pipes  that  convey  water  from  the 
White  mountains  to  Candelaria  burst  last  winter,  and  have 
not  been  repaired. 

During  the  first  three  months  of  this  year  the  Arizona  cop- 
per Co.  and  the  Detroit  Copper  Co..  whose  works  are  at 
Clifton  and  Morenci,  Arizona,  have  shipped  4,265,835  pounds 
copper.  The  shipments  for  the  last  six  months  of  '94  aggre- 
gated S,688,307  pounds. 

Is  the  Superior  Court,  this  city,  M.  Thompson  charges  his 
partners,  T.  Clark  and  W.  C.  Stratton,  with  having  unjustly 
withheld  178,000  due  him  under  a  partnership  agreement  in 
the  Grand  Victory  mine,  near  PlacerviUe,  and  wants  a  receiver 
appointed  and  the  partnership  dissolved. 

It  is  said  that  at  one  time  after  the  breaking  of  the  Utica  dam 
at  least  seventy-five  men  were  searching  along  the  creek  for 
gold.  One  person  found  a  nugget  worth  $16,  and  many  other 
chunks  of  the  precious  metal  of  considerable  value  were  picked 
up  along  the  course  which  the  water  traversed. 

Retrenchment  has  found  its  way  into  the  constitutional 
convention  of  Utah.  Salaries  of  State  officers  have  been  fixed 
at  the  following  figures :  Governor,  $2000 ;  Secretary  of  State, 
r2000;  Auditor,  $1500;  Treasurer,  *1000,  Attorney-General, 
$1500;  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  $1500. 

According  to  a  New  York  City  paper  Wall  Street  men  have 
secured  some  auriferous  property  in  North  Carolina,  where 
they  hire  natives  to  walk  around  and  pick  up  gold  nuggets. 
This  is  almost  as  good  as  the  forming  of  an  administrative 
alliance  to  secure  U.  S.  bonds  at  less  than  par  value. 

Don  Manuel  Riveroli,  the  discoverer  of  the  copper  mine  at 
Santa  Rosalia,  has  been  arrested  at  Ensenada  on  orders  from 
Governor  Sangines,  charged  with  the  theft  of  a  gold  bar 
valued  at  $12,000,  placed  by  the  Ibarra  Gold  Mining  Company 
in  his  charge,  and  which  was  stolen  on  the  night  of  March  20. 

The  Shasta  County  Development  and  Mining  Company  has 
incorporated ;  capital  stock,  $200,000.  Object,  to  work  and  de- 
velop mines  and  mining  properties  in  California  and  particu- 
larly in  Shasta  county.  A.  M.  Graham,  president;  W.  Foster, 
vice-president;  J.  A.  Davis,  secretary,  and  J.  W.  Fitzpatrick, 
treasurer. 

F.  X.  Pimentel,  F.  F.  Wetherbee,  A.  Miliken  and  S. 
Yribarren,  with  other  parties,  have  organized  a  company  in 
Durango,  Mexico,  to  work  the  Jabrennio  mine  in  Otaiz  dis- 
trict. The  company  is  heavily  capitalized,  and  is  credited 
with  ability  to  immediate^  put  half  a  million  dollars  into  the 
enterprise. 

The  Alaska  Treadwell  Mining  Company  has  declared  a 
quarterly  dividend  of  37*2  cents  per  share,  amounting  to  $75,- 
000,  payable  next  Monday.  During  March  there  was  a  profit 
of  $20,455.  The  bullion  shipped  showed  an  average  of  $2.34 
per  ton  of  ore  milled.  The  sulphurets  yielded  an  average  of 
$51.91  per  ton  treated. 

It  has  been  known  for  years  that  the  Contra  Costa  range 
carries  mineral  deposits— gold, -silver  and  coal.  Several  pros- 
pects have  been  made  in  years  past  that  were  quite  promis- 
ing, but  the  deposits  have  been  small,  excepting  coal.  F. 
Bohmer  of  Alameda  has  discovered  back  of  Fruitvale  what  he 
thinks  is  a  rich  silver  mine. 

The  American  Mines  Association,  of  Chicago,  is  attracting 
unpleasant  notoriety.  A  capitalization  of  $25,000,000  is  claimed 
and  a  dividend  of  sixty  per  cent  on  the  total  capital  paid 
in.  The  assertion  is  made  by  them  that  the  Independence 
mine  of  Colorado  has  paid  $5,800,000  dividends  in  two  years. 
The  Association's  future  seems  to  be  behind  it. 

Williams  &  Sons,  of  Austin,  Nev.,  have  had  several  per- 
sons engaged  of  late  grubbing  up  sagebrush,  which  they  will 
burn  as  fuel  in  their  flouring  mill.  Mr.  Williams  says  he  will 
determine  which  is  the  cheaper  fuel,  sagebrush  or  wood.  In 
certain  parts  of  the  State  sagebrush  is  used  in  quartz  mills, 
and  it  is  claimed  that  it  is  better  than  wood  for  heating  pur- 
poses. 

Last  Monday  the  Debris  Commission  granted  permits  to 
P.  Phillips,  W.'  and  W.  J.  S.  Bacchi  and  D.  Croft  of  El  Dorado 
Co.,  and  J.  J.  and  A.  A.  Hoffman  of  Placer  Co.  Authorizations 
to  construct  impounding  dams  for  hydraulic  mining  were 
granted  to  J.  Ward,  W.  McDonald  and  W.  Henning  &  Co.  of 
Placer  Co.,  and  W.  F.  Coe,  J.  C.  Day  and  E.  Russell  of  El 
Dorado  Co. 

While  working  in  a  fifty-foot  raise  in  the  Monitor  mine  at 
Pioche,  Nevada,  last  week,  Frank  Weidner  got  a  dose  of  sul- 
phuretted hydrogen  gas  and  miraculously  escaped  death. 
After  becoming  senseless  he  fell  on  a  plank  in  the  top  of  the 
raise,  where  he  hung  for  several  hours  until  discovered  by 
William  Hammond  and  J.  Bayle,  who  lowered  him  down  to 
the  tunnel  level  and  brought  him  to  the  surface. 

Ten  years  ago  all  except  the  most  sanguine  miners  would 
have  told  you  that  there  were  no  gold  mines  around  Ophir 
that  would  pay,  but  they  did  not  at  that  time  look  forward 
to  the  improved  methods  of  mining,  milling  and  transporta- 
tion, says  the  Ophir,  Colorado,  Mail,  Ten  years  ago  packing 
and  milling  cost  $20;  to-day  the  same  ore  is  being  mined, 
transported  and  milled  at  a  cost  of  less  than  $5  per  ton. 

A  French  syndicate  is  thinking  of  paying  $1,000,000  for  the 
Mercur,  Utah,  mine.  The  monthly  statement  of  the  Mercur 
Company  for  March  shows  a  net  revenue  from  bullion  sold  of 
more  than  $49,000.  That  was  for  a  total  tonnage  of  ore  of  4770 
odd,  making  an  average  net  return  per  ton  of  $10.50.  Out  of 
the  amount  the  company  paid  a  $25,000  dividend,  all  mining 
and  milling  expenses,  officers'  salaries,  many  necessary  and 
usual  expenses,  and  still  had  nearly  $7000  surplus. 

Omaha  and  Denver  smelters  have  introduced  a  device 
similar  in  effect  to  that  used  here  for  recovering  minerals  that 
pass  away  in  smoke  and  fumes.  It  consists  of  a  horizontal 
flue  1500  feet  in  length,  exposing  a  surface  for  radiation  and 
condensation  of  the  heated  gases  of  54,000  square  feet. 
Through  this  flue  are  drawn  the  fumes  by  means  of  a  fan,  the 
'  outer   circumference  of   which   revolves   with    considerable 


the  fumes  being  forced  into  a  spacious  building. 
from  which  there  is  no  means  of  escape  except  tbw  ugh  a  filter 
of  textile  fabric,  the  colorless  gases  passing  through  into  a 
stack  beyond,  while  the  valuable  soot  or  smoke  eondenst 
the  under  side,  from  which  it  is  collected  from  time  to  time, 
compressed  into  molds,  aud  fed  back  again  into  the  furnaces. 
where  the  valuuble  metals  are  extracted  and  separated. 

Speak iKGTrf  the  late  strike  made  in  the  Murchie  mine, 
near  Nevada  City,  the  Transcript  says:  "Her.-  is  another 
instance  of  resuming  work  on  a  mine  that  had  not  been  oper- 
ated for  ten  years  or  lunger.  When  the  mine  was  being 
worked  before,  from  fifty  to  eighty  men  were  employed. 
After  taking  out  all  the  best  quartz  that  was  in  sight,  the 
employes  were  discharged  and  later  the  mine  was  closed  down 
completely.  Since  operations  were  resumed,  considerable 
prospecting  has  been  done,  and  as  a  result  the  company  now 
Iillvc  two  fine  ledges  with  on  abundance  of  good  quartz  in 
sight  to  keep  even  a  larger  mill  than  they  have  running  night 
and  day  for  a  long  time. 

The  history  of  the  Londonderry  mine,  Coolgardie,  West 
Australia,  is  interesting  and  instructive,  if  not  edifying.  Its 
original  English  purchasers  sold  it  the  other  day,  as  It  were, 
for  $2,000,000.  The  directors  of  the  new  company  met;  amid 
much  enthusiasm  they  were  told  that  within  sixty  days  five 
tons  of  gold  would  be  mined  from  the  company's  property. 
The  London  mining  paper  from  which  this  is  concentrated  has 
"Hear,  hear,"  and  "cheers"  scattered  through  the  state- 
ments. Meanwhile  the  directors  had  telegrams  in  their 
pockets  telling  them  that  "  the  reef  was  barren,"  and  after 
they  had  unloaded,  the  news  got  out,  and  now  the  purchasers 
of  stock  say  they  have  been  swindled.    It  does  look  that  way. 

The  first  shipment  of  gold  bars  from  the  new  mill  of  Capt. 
.1.  R.  De  Lamar  at  De  Lamar,  Nevada,  reached  Salt  Lake 
last  Saturday.  There  were  $40,000  worth  of  gold  in  the  ship- 
ment, the  production  of  less  than  three  weeks  of  operation. 
To  transport  the  bullion  from  the  De  Lamar  camp  to  Milford, 
on  the  Union  Pacific,  an  overland  trip  of  170  miles,  a  Concord 
coach  was  provided  and  in  it  a  globe  safe  containing  the  bars 
was  deposited.  Relays  of  fresh  fours  of  horses  had  been  sent 
on  ahead,  and  with  the  coach  started  four  outriders  armed 
with  Winchesters  and  carrying  an  abundance  of  ammunition. 
The  route  was  covered  in  about  forty-eight  hours.  Hereafter 
shipments  of  bullion  will  be  sent  out  about  every  week  and 
the  guards  will  be  kept  going  along  the  road.  The  gold  is 
consigned  to  the  Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.  express. 

Thos.  Mein,  general  manager  of  the  Robinson  Gold  Mining 
Co.,  Witwatersrand,  Transvaal,  Z.  A.  R.,  sends  us  the  7th 
annual  report  of  the  company's  accounts  for  the  year  ending 
December  31, 1894.  During  the  year  50  new  stamps  were  ordered 
added  and  seventy  stamps  were  run  from  March  1st.  The 
year's  output  of  ore  was  107,935  tons;  from  the  mill  was  taken 
£402,330;  from  2997  tons  chlorinated  concentrates  was  pro- 
duced £57,981,  and  70,525  tons  tailings,  treated  by  the  cyanide 
process,  yielded  £05,397.  The  ore  was  wholly  pyritic.  During 
the  year  234  Europeans  and  1195  natives  were  employed;  the 
latter  were  paid  $3.62%  average  wages  per  week,  exclusive  of 
food.  The  company's  profit  for  the  year  was  £346,628  13s  2d. 
The  cost  per  foot  of  the  11,976  feet  of  development  work  was 
£2  19s  Id.  The  cost  per  ton  of  mining  and  milling  the  ore,  ex- 
clusive of  mine  development,  was  £1  Is  Sd.  Fuel  cost  £3,706; 
water,  £1,743.  The  report  is  an  elaborate  one,  statistical  and 
comparative  with  previous  years,  and  interesting  in  every 
detail. 

"  The  appeal  of  the  Cassel  Gold  Extraction  Company,  Lim- 
ited, against  the  decision  by  which  Justice  Romer  invalidated 
the  MacArthur-Forrest  patent,"  says  a  London  technical 
journal,  il  has  been  dismissed  by  the  Supreme  Court.  Lord 
Justice  Smith's  exhaustive  judgment  will  probably  not  deter 
the  plaintiffs  from  carrying  their  case  to  the  House  of  Lords, 
as  the  interests  involved  are  of  considerable  magnitude.  It 
is  noticeable,  too,  that  the  court  arrived  at  their  decision  with 
great  reluctance,  inasmuch  as  the  invalidation  of  the  patent 
was  not  influenced  by  any  but  the  most  technical  grounds. 
The  patent  has  been  upset  simply  because  of  a  superfluous 
clause  in  the  specification.  In  the  words  of  the  judge,  '  had 
the  first  claim  been  omitted,  we  should  not  have  been  faced 
with  the  difficulty  we  are;  .  .  .  and  for  this  reason,  and 
for  this  alone,  we  must  give  judgment  for  the  defendants.' 
It  is  undoubted  that  this  decision  involves  much  hardship,  and 
brings  into  question  one  of  the  points  with  which  the  new 
Patent  act  is  specially  intended  to  deal." 

The  Gold  Dredging  Company,  a  Chicago  concern,  controls 
three  miles  of  placer  ground  on  Grasshopper  creek,  adjoining 
Bannack,  Montana,  and  is  building  a  steam  dredge  to  be 
placed  in  a  scow,  to  dip  the  gravel  and  elevate  it  into  a  sluice 
box,  twenty-five  feet  above,  in  which  the  dirt  will  be  sluiced. 
The  power  to  be  used  is  water  power  and  electricity,  includ- 
ing light,  by  means  of  which  operations  will  go  on  both  day 
and  night.  The  water  used  for  the  generation  of  power  has  a 
fall  of  350  feet,  which  will  give  250-horse  power.  The  capacity 
of  the  dredge  is  estimated  at  4000  cubic  yards  per  day. 
Should  the  dirt  yield  but  fifteen  cents  of  gold  per  cubic  yard, 
equivalent  to  one  cent  per  pan,  the  profits  will  be  great.  S. 
S.  Harper  is  manager.  A  force  of  forty-five  men  is  employed 
at  present,  but  this  will  be  increased  to  seventy-five  as  soon 
as  dredging  begins,  about  May  15th.  The  amount  of  money 
expended  by  the  company  so  far  is  §98,000.  The  scow,  which 
is  now  being  built  at  Bannack  has  a  length  of  seventy-five 
feet  and  a  width  of  thirty-six  feet.  Over  100,000  feet  of  lum- 
ber is  being  used  in  its  construction,  and  it  is  designed  to 
carry  sixty  tons  of  machinery.  The  estimated  dredge 
capacity  seems  high.  A  dredge  that  can  handle  one-fourth 
that  much  and  do  it  right  along  will  do  very  good  work. 


Personal. 


T.  J.  Barboik,  representing  the  Risdon  Iron  Works,  has  re- 
turned from  southern  California. 

W.  F.  Newell,  of  the  Selby  Smelting  and  Lead  Co.,  is  in 
Arizona,  and  will  visit  Mexico  before  his  return. 

F.  N.  Spear,  manager  Bradley  Pulverizer  Co.,  manufac- 
turers of  the  Griffin  mill,  has  returned  from  Boston. 

Mb.  J.  D.  Weeks,  M.  A.,  of  Pittsburg,  has  been  elected 
president  of  the  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers,  in 
succession  to  Mr.  John  Fritz,  of  the  Bethlehem  Steel  Com- 
pany. The  Institute  has  now  a  membership  of  something  over 
2200,  including  the  most  distinguished  metallurgists  and  min- 
ing engineers  in  America  and  abroad. 


260 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  27,  1895. 


Minas  Prietas  Camp,  Sonora,   Mexico. 

In  Sonora  is  a  camp  that  is  the  Mecca  of  many  a 
poor  devil's  pilgrimage,  where  men  have  headed  for 
from  every  point  of  the  compass.  Every  part  of  the 
world  is  represented  there,  and  I  dare  say  none  of 
them  ever  made  money  any  faster  than  right  here. 

I  refer  to  the  Minas  Prietas  camp,  out  of  Torres, 
seventeen  miles  from  the  Sonora  railroad. 

The  camp  lays  no  pretentions  to  beauty.  Streets 
there  are  none — just  irregular  rows  of  houses.  The 
houses  are  adobe. mostly,  in  various  .stages  of  dilapi- 
dation. Of  stray  dogs  and  burros  and  beggars 
there  are  more  than  you  could  shake  a  stick  at.  And 
the  camp  makes  no  pretentions  at  being  a  health 
resort.  They  have  small  pox  all  the  time  there,  and 
pneumonia  makes  inroads  among  "  thebeys,''  and  it 
is.  dusty  and  hot,  and  water  is  so  scarce  that,  the 
peddlers  do  not  get  into  town  with  it..  Yet  there  is 
no  denying  that  Minas  Prietas.  camp  is  attractive. 
There  is  ever  the  attraction  of  gold,  and,  where  that 
is,  hades  itself  would  not  deter.  ■  And  the  Minas 
Prietas  is  not  nearly  as  bad  as  that.  With  its  few 
drawbacks  it  is  a  good  camp.  There  is  always  the 
music  of  three  stamp  mills  playing  golden  chords, 
saying  nothing  of  a  Huntington  plant  and  another 
twenty-stamps  that  will  soon  add-  their  roar  to  that 
already  there. 

The  inhabitants  are  such  asmay  be -expected  in 
such  a  place— mostly  natives,  with  Arizonans'  next, 
*and  lastly  other  foreigners..  Good  wages  are. -earned 
"and .-.-feing  is  .cheap.  Pay  runs  from. a  rpeso  and  a 
quarter  to  $5.a  day  in  gold.  ■  Living — -that  is,  board — 
is  fifty  cents  a  day  (American),  with  room  rent  in 
proportion  to  $25  to  $50  a  month  for  a  house".  Those 
with  work  appreciate 'having  a.  good  thing  and  hold 
on.  while  there  is  many  a  poor  devil  waiting  for 
work.  Let  warning' be  taken  now.  They  have  extra 
labor  enough  in  idle  men  waiting  for  jobs  in  Prietas 
to  supply  the  places  of  all  who  may  get.sick,  die  or 
go  away  for  the  next  year  to  come.  I  met  .an  old 
man  there  who  mistook  me  for  a  resident.  He  told 
me  that  he  had  walked  all  the  way  from  the  United 
States  there,  and.  wanted  to  know  -of  the  proba- 
bilities of  his  getting  work.  I  saw  him  a  day  or  two 
afterwards,  and  there  was  in  the  droop  of  his  counte- 
nance a  picture  of  utter  despair.  Of  Tuesouites  they 
have  a  dozen  or  so  working  in  the  mines  and  mills, 
with  rather  more  from  Nogales.  Other  parts  of  the 
Territory  also  come  in  for  representation. 

The  sources  of  income  of  that  camp  are  five  or  six 
of  the  best  gold  mines  in  the  world.  And  the  grand 
total  of  them  is  probably  the  very  best  gold  camp  in 
the  whole  world.  When  ore  is  so  very  good  that 
they  sack  it  in  the  mine,  just  to  get  it  safely  to  the 
surface  to  mill;  when  the  laborers  will  steal  ore  and 
gouge  out  their  candles  and  fill  them  with  the  stuff; 
when  dividends  of  $1900  a  share  '—  each  share  a 
twenty-fourth — are  declared,  as  the  result  of  a 
month's  run  of  one  mill,  and  that  mill  being  of  ten 
stamps,  then  some  justification  is  found  for  the 
statement  that  therein  is  found  probably  the  best 
gold  camp  in  the  world. 

In  the  camp  are  seven  mines,  viz:  The  Verde, 
Creston,  Prietas,  Colorado,  Amarilla,  Santa  Cruz 
and  Grand  Central.  There  is  quite  an  assortment  of 
colors — green,  black,  red  and  yellow.  These  mines 
are  in  all  stages  of  development,  from  the  Santa  Cruz 
just  being  opened,  to  the  Prietas  which  is  no  longer 
worked. 

In  Sonora  they  swear  by  the  wealth  of  the  Colo- 
rado mine.  From  this  property  more  gold  has  prob- 
ably been  taken  than  from  any  other  mine  in  Mexico. 
The  output  since  the  early  '80s  has  been  $20,000,000. 
Of  this  amount  $11,000,000  has  been  dividends. 
Single  bars  of  bullion  valued  at  $40,000  have  been 
shipped  from  the  Colorado  mill.  The  ore  is  in  "a 
twelve-foot  vein,  and  varies  from  such  a  low  grade  as 
to  be  left  in  the  mine,  to  the  rich  stuff  which  is  full  of 
"  wire  "  gold  that  is  worth  a  dollar  or  more  a  pound. 
The  average  value  of  the  ore  worked  is  about  $30  a 
ton. .  The  mine  is  down  650  feet.  Five  miles  of  work 
have  been  done  in  the  Colorado.  On  the  upper  levels 
the  paying  ore  is  considerably  stoped  out.  The  rich- 
est ore  was  found  in  the  second  and  third  levels. 

The  mill  is  of  thirty  stamps,  and  its  capacity  is 
ninety  tons  a  day.  Not  a  moment  is  lost  from  one 
month's  end  to  another  at  the  mill.  As  continually 
as  possible,  days,  nights,  Sundays  and  holidays,  the 
stamps  chew  up  the  ore.  -The  property  employs. 150 
men. 

The  Creston  mine  is  a  continuation  of  the  Colorado. 
Here,  too,  the  work  is  down  650  feet.  The  mine 
grows  richer  with  depth.  The  ore  mills  an  average 
of  $14  a  ton,  and  100  tons  a  day  are  being  worked, 
the  results  of  which  amounting  to  $1400,  the  ex- 
penses being  $475,  leaving  a  net  profit  of  $025  per 
day.  Considerable  water — 20,000  gallons  daily — is 
encountered  at  the  lower  depths.  On  the  26th  of 
last  month  the  pumps  got  out  of  order  and  were 
flooded,  requiring  the  placing  of  new  ones  in  order  to 
uncover  the  old  pumps.  Some  rapid  work  had  to  be 
done.  _  . 

The  Creston  ore  is  worked  at  the. old  Minas  Prietas 
mill.  This  mill  is  of  forty  stamps,  working  100  tons 
a  day.     About  120  men  are  employed  in  mining  and 


milling' the  Creston  ore.  "Like  the  Colorado .  mine, 
the  Creston  is  under  the  management  of  the  heirs  of 
Chamberlain  &  Price,  Ohio  people. 

The  Prietas  is  a  mine  of  the  past,  the  Colorado  is 
a  mine  of  the  present  and  the  Amarilla  is  a  mine  of 
the  future.  This,  last-named  property  is  the  talk  of 
half  of  Sonora.  One  old  Mexican  recently  described 
its  output  as  being  "  oro  puro."  While  it  is  hardly 
pure  ore,  it  has  free  gold  in  quantities  enough  to 
justify  its  being  prized  as  a  very  big  thing.  For  the 
month  of  February  the  mine's  dividends  were  $1900  a 
share,  each  share  being  a  twenty-fourth.'  The  mine 
pays  dividends  while  a  mill  is  being  built,  and  the  ore 
is  being  hauled  by  ten-mule  "teams  to:a  neighboring 
mill— the  Grand  Central.  So  ; rich  is  the  ore  that 
guards  follow  the  wagons  from  the  mine  to..  the:miU, 
to  see  that  none  of  it  is  stolen;  it  is  very. free  milling, 
and  is  said  to  run  from  $200  .to  MOt)  a  ton.  The  width 
of  the  ledge  is  from  fiyetotwenty'-five  feet  and  grows 
wider  arid  "richer,  as  depth  is  attained;  its.  dip  is 
about  80°.  There  are  three  shafts  on  the  property, 
one  being  down  165  feet;  and  a  contract  has  been  let 
for  sinking  a  new  shaft  lOOOieet,  When  this  is  done 
the  Amarilla  will  probably  drain  all  of  the  water  of 
the  district  to  itself,  and  thereby  will  solve  the  vexed 
water  question — for  that  management. 

The  Amarilla  was  a  blind  ledge,  parallel  to  the 
Colorado,  and  was  located  in  August,  1893,  by  Pedro 
Negro,  an  Italian.  The  purchaser  was  Howell  Hiues, 
superintendent  of  the.  Col.orado-Creston;  •  he  had 
twenty-two  shares,  John  Hines  (his  brother)  brie 
share,  arid  Robert  Stein  one  share..  An  engineer  in 
'the  Colorado  had  a  chance  to  get  a  partnership  in  the 
property,  to  the'extent  Of  two  or  three  shares,  but 
he  had  no  faith  in  it.  The  price  paid  for  the  mine 
was  $50,000.  It  is  said  that  $2,000,000  was  refused 
recently.  A  twenty-stamp  mill,  with  amalgamators, 
pans  and  settlers,  is  now  being  erected;  its-sides  and 
roof  are  to  be  covered  with  corrugated  iron  roofing 
instead  of  lumber  sheeting.  .  The  mill  is  not  over  the 
shaft,  there  being  a  bucket-line  of  twenty  buckets 
from  the  shaft  to  the  ore  bins.  About  100  miners 
are  employed  in  the  Amarilla.. 

The  Verde  is  another  rich  property,  running 
parallel  to  the  other  ledges.  The  ledge  is  six  feet 
wide  and  the  ore  runs  $300  to  $400  a  ton.  So  rich  is 
the  ore  that  it  is  sacked  to  be  brought  from  the 
mine  to  the  mill.  When  I  was  there  last  week  the 
mill  was  shut  down  while  the  pumps  at  the  Creston 
were  being  gotten  in  order. 

The  Verde  is  owned  as  follows:  Howell  Hiues, 
twenty-one  shares;  Superintendent  McGreger,  one 
share;  John  Hines.  one  share;  Mr.  Goodwin,  one 
share. 

The  mill  is  a  Huntington  with  Frue  vanners,  and 
works  about  eighteen  tons  a  day. 

The  Grand  Central  mine  is  another  rich  property, 
owned  by  a  Mr.  Seymour,  of  England,  who  came  to 
the  camp  after  the  Cerro  Blanco  fiasco.  About  a 
mile  of  work  has  been  done  in  the  mine.  The  lowest 
grade  ore  is  said  to  be  $12  per  ton.  The  manage- 
ment is  said  to  be  in  close  straits  for  water,  having 
been  shut  down,  so  far  as  the  Grand  Central  ore  is 
concerned,  for  eight  months.  The  mill  of  ten  stamps 
is  now  rented  to  the  Amarilla  management,  who  get 
their  own  water.  Mr.  Seymour  is  "between  the 
devil  and  the  deep  sea,"  as  to  selling  the  mine  or  de- 
veloping water. 

The  Minas  Prietas  is  the  pioneer  mine  of  the  dis- 
trict, worked  down  500  or  600  feet,  at  which  time 
fire  burned  out  the  timbering.  It  belongs  to  New 
York  capital.  There  is  talk  of  renewing  the  work- 
there. 

The  Santa  Cruz  is  a  newly  opened  ledge  near  the 
Amarilla.  and  will  be  worked  in  connection  with 
that  mill. 

The  whole  district  is  No.  1.  The  mines  are  worked 
with  American  foremen  and  Mexican  and  Yaqui 
labor.  The  mine  laborers  lose  no  opportunity  to  ap- 
propriate the  "  wire  "  gold  to  their  own  use.  The 
hollowing  out  of  their  candles  and  concealing  gold 
therein  I  have  already  mentioned.  Another  trick  is 
to  have  a  bundle  of  cigarettes.  The  cigarettes  are 
filled  with  wire  gold.  A  red  handkerchief  full  of  rich 
stuff  has  been  sent  out  with  a  car  of  waste,  in  the 
hope  that,  the  waste  being  also  red.  it  would  not  be 
noticed.  The  handkerchief  was  espied  on  the  dump 
by  the  keen  eyes  of  Howell  Hines,  and  investigation 
brought  to  light  several  hundred  dollars  worth  of 
gold. 

The  miners  work  almost  naked, 
being  very  warm,  so  they  have 
smuggle  out  gold  in  their  clothing. 

The  settlements  are  divided  into  two  towns,  Colo- 
rado and  Minas  Prietas.  The  railway  station  is 
seventeen  miles  away,  and  seven  stages  run  between 
the  two  points.  Sometimes,  even  with  that  number 
of  conveyances,  passengers  are  left  behind.     P.  H. 


the   lower   levels 
little   chance   to 


The  bottom  of  the  Atlantic  forms  a  sort  of  terrace 
along  the  continent,  sloping  gradually  for  several 
miles,  then  suddenly  descending  to  a  far  greater 
depth.  In  general,  about  100  miles  from  the  shore 
there  is  a  depth  of  100  fathoms,  but  in  ten  miles  the 
depth  exceeds  1000  fathoms. 


Brazil  is  a  Portuguese  word,  signifying  "alive 
coal."  It  was  given  in  allusion  to  the  abundance  of 
red  dye  wood  found  in  the  forests. 


The  Lunkenheimer  "Jewel  "  Grease  Cup. 

The  engravings  below  represent  the  latest  achieve- 
ment in  the  grease  cup  line,  made  by  the  Lunken- 
heimer Company  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  with  branch 
offices  at  No.  51  John  St.,  New  York,  and  No.  35 
Great  Dover  St. ,  London.  It  has  been  designed  to 
meet  the  demand  for  a  simple  and  inexpensive  auto- 
matic grease  cup  and  to  take  the  place  of  iron  cups, 
being  stronger  and  lighter  in  weight.  The  "  Jewel  " 
is  admirably  adapted  for  shafting,  loose  pulleys, 
friction  clutches  and  many  other  places.  The  base 
is  of  cast  brass,  while  the  top  is  of  tubing  and  spun 
brass.  It  is  of  brass  throughout,  has  a  leather- 
packed  plunger  and  is  provided  with  a  feed-regu- 
lating screw  in  the  base  of  cup,  which  will  admit  of 
perfect  regulation  of  feed.  The  makers  claim  this 
cup  to  be  farsuperior  to  iron  cups  and  is  offered  at 
prices  that  defy  competition. 


KXTKHIOH  VIEW   WITH    PLUNGER 
DRAWN  TO  TOP  OF  CUP. 


SECTIONAL.) 


OCRS   EMPTY    WITH   PLUNGER   AT 
BOTTOM. 


The  working  of  the  cup  is  as  follows:  When  empty 
and  plunger  is  at  bottom  of  cup,  unscrew  and  take 
off  the  reservoir;  theri  lift  the  plunger  to  top  of 
same  and  secure  it  in  this  position  by  means  of  the 
lock  arrangement,  then  fill  the  reservoir  with 
grease,  screw  it  back  into  its  base,  release  the 
spring  lock  so  as  to  put  the  pressure  on  grease  and 
the  cup  again  feeds  automatically  until  empty.  The 
feed-regulating  screw  in  base  of  cup  permits*  adjust- 
ment of  the.  opening  through  the  shank  of  cup  to 
suit  any  kind  of  grease. 

This  cup  is  claimed  to  be  the  simplest,  most 
efficient  and  lowest  priced  automatic  grease  cup  on 
the  market.  This  company,  besides  making  the 
above,  offers  several  other  styles  of  grease  cups  for 
various  purposes,  as  follows:  the  "Ideal,"  "Ma- 
rine," "  Tiger,"  and  "  Ohio"  grease  cups.  Full  par- 
ticulars can  be  had  by  addressing  the  company. 
Catalogues,  circulars,  etc.,  upon  request. 


A  New   Use  for    the  Air  Caisson. 


Some  mouths  ago  the  Santa  Fe  Placer  Mining 
Company,  of  Kansas  City,  Mo. ,  desired  to  thoroughly 
lest  for  gold  the  material  forming  the  bed  of  the 
Galisteo  river  near  Santa  Fe,  New  Mexico,  and  as 
the  material  was  strongly  impregnated  with  a  sub- 
flow  of  water  from  top  to  bottom,  the  usual  method 
of  cribs  and  pumps  was  not  attempted,  and  the  idea 
of  using  an  air  caisson  was  conceived  as  the  only 
certain  way  by  which  bedrock  could  be  reached  and 
the  material  given  a  thorough  test. 

In  pursuance  of  this  plan,  an  air  caisson  was  con- 
structed of  one-fourth-inch  steel,  cylindrical  inform 
and  twenty-nine  feet  long,  in  two  sections  for  con- 
venience in  handling.  The  lower  section  contained 
the  air  chambers  and  was  divided  into  two  compart- 
ments by  three-sixteenth-inch  steel  heads  fitted  with 
air  locks  18x22  inches.  The  lower  lock  was  placed 
eight  feet  from  the  bottom  and  upper  lock  six  feet 
above  the  lower  one.  The  upper  section  was  a  shell 
and  was  fastened  to  the  lower  part  by  3x3  angle 
iron  and  bolts,  and  all  fitted  with  air  and  blow-out 
pipes,  valves,  etc. 

The  caisson  was  built  with  straight  sides,  i.  e,, 
without  batter,  so  that  it  could  be  withdrawn  from 
the  ground  and  again  used. 

Equipped  with  the  necessary  power,  air  com- 
pressor, derricks,  etc.,  the  company  began  the  pros- 
pecting work  on  their  property,  which  consists  of 
about  four  miles  of  the  river  bed,  on  Nov.  20,  1894, 
and  finished  the  work  about  ten  weeks  later. 

The  caisson  proved  eminently  successful  in  every 
way,  .disclosing  the  material  from  top  to  bedrock, 
from"  which  cube-foot  samples  were  taken  at  each 
foot  of  depth  reached  and  given  a  careful  analysis. 
The  remaining  material  was  blown  or  hoisted  out,  as 
its  nature  required,  and  was  sluiced  by  the  usual 
methods.  From  five  to  fifteen  pounds  air  pressure 
was  maintained,  according  to  the  depth  reached  and 
the  compactness  of  the  material  being  penetrated. 
At  a  depth  of  twenty-eight  feet  the  caisson  required 
a  sinking  weight  of  about  50,000  pounds  to  overcome 
the  friction  and  lifting  power  of  the  air  forced  into 
it..  The  material  penetrated  was  sand,  gravel  and 
stones,  with  an  occasional  thin  streak  of  adobe. 

Some  uncertainty  was  felt  as  to   the  possibility  of 


April  'i.1,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


261 


pulling  the  caiss ut  after  it  was  sunk    its  length, 

hut  this  was  removed  when  the  trial  was  made,   with 
slings  about  it   connected  with  a  steam    hoist  and  an  I 
air  pressure  pumped  into  it,  after  letting  in  one  or 
two  feet  of  water  to  act    as  .1   cushion,   of   twenty 

pounds  tn  the  square  inch   it  ca ip  "  too  nice   tor 

anything,"  and  the  plant  moved  to  another  location 
for  a  similar  test. 

it  might  be  proper  to  add  that  thegold  disclosed 
by  the  caisson  was  as  satisfactory  as  the  workings 
of  the   caisson,  and    the   company    is   now   receiving 

bids  fen-  a  st ]   dredge,    centrifugal   pumps,    etc, 

with  which  to  secure   their   liud.      A   conservative 


Santa  Fe  Placer  Mining  Co. 

The  accompanying  ma])  shows  the  property  of  the 
Santa  Fe  Placer-  Mining  Co.,  New  Mexico. 

The  property  of  this  association    consists   ol 
four  miles  of  the  bed  of  the   Galisteo  river,  compris- 
ing twenty  placer   mining   claims  of    twenty    acres 
each,  each  claim  being  600  feet  wide  by  1500  feel   in 


Placers  on  the  north  side,  so  that  the  gold  wash  is 
concentrated  in  this  property,  from  which  there  is 
no  exit  except  down  the  river;  and  because  of  the 
semi-suspended  condition  of  the  material  in  the  water 
of  the  river,  also  the  specific  gravity  of  gold,  it  is 
assumed  that  the  greatest  deposits  would  be  found 
near  the  bedrock  of  the  river.  The  preliminary  work 
just  completed  goes  to  show  the  correctness  of  this 
theory,  and  that  the   sub-flow    of   the   water  in    the 


length,  situated  in  Santa    Fe   county,    New  Mexico.     rlver  extends  from  the  surface  to  bedrock. 
about  twenty-five  miles  from  Santa  Fe    on  the  line  of  '      T/le  Preliminary  work  also  demonstrates  there  are 
,,       \,   u-  m       i  ,    ...  ,.      ,.,  »o  large  boulders  at  the  bottom    of   the    river      The 

the  Atchison,  Topeka   and   Santa    Ke   Railroad,  the  I  mater?al  to  a  depth  of  twenty  feet  ca u I,  ,  taken  ouT 

by  means  of  a  centrifu- 
gal pump  at  an  alleged 
cost  of  not  to  exceed 
five  cents  per  cubic 
yard. 

The  association  has 
been  incorporated  un- 
der the  laws  of  New 
Mexico,  with  a  capital 
stock  of  JsUJO.OOO. 


it 

f 

, 

PLAT    OF 

1 

w 

/'/'I'l" 

%'/'/'» 

PiACn;  Ml  VI  ltd  CI  AIMS 

C.o.\.\s\.co   t\\ycr 

^^|WTrVc«*<*  ™ 

1 

i.      %"->  . 

ft  Itltt, 
«.».«>  too  k  ana  ntH 

,,,, 

<k/.. 

•t'ii/ 

H 

1    /;"''l'v-'*\     J 

\  »  J                                 Kff 
m  o  A                         «tfjf 

U  oWl                           fit  ft 
I     '  H                          All 

a    /a     ' 

SANTA 

Ft   PLACER  MINING 

A, 

COM  PAN*. 

11/,%. 

Rubies    of    Burmah. 


estimate  of  the  coarse  gold,  based  on  the  disclosures 
made  by  the  caisson,  is  six  and  one-half  millions  of 
dollars'  worth  of  gold  in  the  property  of  the  com- 
pany. 

As  this  is  the  first  instance,  to  my  knowledge, 
where  the  air  caisson  has  been  applied  to  this  use  or 
has  been  constructed  with  the  intention  of  pulling  it 
up  bodily  to  be  again  used,  the  experience  is  men- 
tioned in  the  hope  that  it  may  bo  of  value  to  others 
having  the  same  problem,  and  I  shall  be  pleased  to 
answer  any  inquiries  as  to  cost  and  details  at  any 
time.  F.  E.  Nettt.eton, 

Kansas  City,  Mo.  General  Manager. 


nearest  station  being  two  miles  from  the  lower 
claims. 

The  Galisteo  river  flows  at  the  northern  base  of 
the  Ortiz  mountain,  which  covers  an  area  of  about 
100  square  miles.  Immediately  under  both  the 
northern  and  southern  slopes  of  the  mountain  are 
deposits  of  placer  gold,  which  have  been  worked 
since  1711  A.  D.  by  the  Spaniards,  and  by  Aztecs 
prior  to  that  time. 

All  the  gold  in  these  deposits  has  been  eroded  from 
this  mountain.  The  claims  of  the  association  have 
been  located  to  embrace  the  mouths  of  the  principal, 
arroyos    or    gulches    which    lead    from    the    "Old 


A  large  quantity  of 
the  world's  supply  of 
rubies  comes  from  the 
Burmah  mines,  which 
have  been  actively 
worked  since  the  annex- 
ation of  Burmah  by  the 
British  Government. 
The  ruby  district  is 
about  twenty-six  miles 
long  and  twelve  broad 
and  lies  at  elevations 
varying  from  4000  to 
5000  feet  above  the  sea 
level.  Some  of  the 
mines  have  been  worked 
by  the  natives  from 
very  remote  periods 
— in  fact,  old  workings 
are  found  over  an  area 
of  s  i  x  t  y  -  s  i  x  square 
miles.  It  is  in  the 
lower  clay  beds  of  the 
river  alluvia,  and  in 
similar  deposits  formed  in  gullies  in  the  hill-wash, 
that  the  rubies,  spinels  and  other  gems  are  found. 
In  the  alluvia,  square  pits  from  two  to  nine  feet 
across,  ingeniously  timbered  with  bamboo,  are 
sunk  to  the  ruby  earth,  which  is  drawn  up  by  bam- 
boo baskets..  In  the  hill-wash,  long  open  trenches 
are  carried  from  the  sides  of  a  gully.  Regular 
mines  are  opened  in  some  places;  in  others  the 
limestone  is  quarried. 


Japan  could,  if  obliged  to,  put  500,000  trained 
soldiers  in  the  field.  She  probably  did  not  employ 
over  100,000  in  the  late  war. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Addressi     "RISDON'S"     San     Franclscoi 

<^^ss^r\ANUFACTURERS     OF^«^^> 

Chal^  Air  Compressors, 

MINING,  MILLING,  PUMPING  and  HOISTIN^^ 

Union   Iroin  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST     AND     MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-/vi/\inui=  picture  res 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  /Wills, 

flltanty  Chill  /Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Sigrnoidal  U/ater  Wheel, 

PUJWPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Cof>f3&r  and  Lead  Eurnaces,        All  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^Z2^>SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^sss^ 


NEW  VOKK  OFFICE:     14-S    BROnDU/AY, 


CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION. 


262 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  27,  1895. 


The  Oirard    Water   Wheel  Company. 


Continued  from  page  257. 


of  regulation  as  to  speed  and  capacity  without 
loss  of  water,  and  will  operate  with  the  same 
efficiency  under  great  changes  of  load  and  quantity 
of  water  applied  and  are  capable  of  receiving  a  large 
volume  of  water  on  a  small  wheel,  so  the  speed  of 
revolution  can  be  made  to  suit  any  case  without 
gearing.  The  issues  or  nozzles  can  be  of  any  number, 
from  one  to  a  dozen  or  more,  and  in  regulating,  these 
issues  are  entirely  cut  out,  or  their  area  changed,  so 
that  all  the  water  applied  on  the  wheel  meets  the 
vanes  at  full  head  and  pressure.  Throttling  the 
water  supply  and  diminishing  the  pressure  is  not 
necessary,  this  being  an  important  point,  for  the 
speed  of  a  water  wheel  being  as  the  head  or  pres- 
sure,' throttling  the  water  with  any  kind  of  a  valve 
in  the  supply  pipe  lowers  the  pressure,  changes  the 
relative  velocity  of  the  wheel  and  water,  and  effi- 
ciency rapidly  falls  off. 

The  water  is  applied  on  the  interior  of  the  wheels, 
and  passes  out  radially  through  the  rim  assisted  by 
centrifugal  force,  and' falls  clear  of  the  funning  ele- 
ments. The  efficiency  need  not  be  a  matter  of  dis- 
cussion, as  any  competent  engineer  capable  of  analyz- 
ing the  nature  of  forces,  and  with  knowledge  of  hy- 
draulics, can  easily  compute  the  efficiency  of  water 
applied  on  this  method.  It  is  claimed  by  the  makers 
that  no  other  type  of  water  wheels  can  give  but  more 
power  with  a  given  amount  of  water  under  heads 
from  20  to  2000  feet.  The  diagram,  Fig.  2,  shows 
the'  manner  of  applying  the  water,  and  the  curves 
indicate  its  course  through  the  wheels. 

The  automatic  governors  employed  by  the  Girard 
Water  Wheel  Company  to  control  the  regulating  ap- 
paratus are  much  more  complete  than  any  that  have 
been  applied  in  Europe.  They  operate  on  the  in- 
ertia system — not  by  both  momentum  and  inertia,  as 
in  the  case  of  steam-engine  governors,  but  by  the  in- 
ertia of  the  driven  machinery  communicated  through 
the  driving  pulley  and  opposed  by  centrifugal 
weights,  so  the  whole  power  of  the  wheel  is  com- 
municated through  the  governor.  This  is  an  in- 
tricate matter  not  easy  to  explain  without  drawings, 
and  difficult  even  then.  The  most  marked  feature 
is  that  the  governor  will,  at  its  neutral  or  normal 
position,  where  common  governors  have  but  little 
effect,  exert  full  force  either  way  for  minute  changes. 
For  low  heads,  from  twenty  to  fifty  feet,  the  water 
can  be  applied  all  around  the  wheels  if  required,  be- 
cause one  nozzle  or  issue  does  not  interfere  with  an- 
other, and  they  can  be  placed  nearly  together,  being 
separated  by  thin  guide  vanes  only. 

M.  Guyelin  sends  elevations  of  the  late  plant  de- 
signed by  him  and  now  in  use  at  Niagara  Falls  under 


a  head  of  140  feet.  The  Fourneyron  type  of  wheels 
for  the  main  plant,  that  of  the  Niagara  Falls  Com- 
.pany,  were  made  from  designs  supplied  by  Messrs. 
Faesoh  &  Piccard,  of  Geneva,  Switzerland.  The 
Guyelin-Jonval  wheels  were  contracted  for  subse- 
quently, but  are  the  first  at  work,  and  have  been 
running  for  nearly  a  year  past. 

The  Jonval,  as  a  pressure  turbine,  in  which  class  it 
is  supposed  to  belong,  is  readily  adapted  to  operate 
as  an  impulse  or  unfilled  wheel.  The  drawings  re- 
ceived from  M.  Guyelin  render  it  difficult  to  deter- 
mine how  far  his  plans  involve  impulsive  action,  but 
the  general  design  appears  superior  to  that  of 
Messrs.  Faesch  &  Piccard.  Since  Atkins'  invention, 
forty-two  years  ago,  these  new  wheels  at  Niagara 
Falls  are  almost  the  first  examples  in  impulse  water- 
wheel  practice  in  this  country,  except  the  tangential 
type  made  on  this  coast,  meutioned  above. 

It  is  of  further  credit  to  San  Francisco  that  the 
subject  is  taken  up  here  in  a  manner  that  indicates 
thoroughness,  and  with  improvements  that  adapt  the 
wheels  for  use  on  this  coast — that  is,  with  economy 
of  water  and  good  regulation  under  high  heads  and 
small  volumes. 

The  drawings  herewith,  Figures  1  to  6,  especially 
the  diagram  Fig.  2,  will  explain  the  nature  of  the 
wheels  and  the  modifications  proposed  by  the  Girard 
Water  Wheel  Company,  who  are  now  building  wheels 
of  this  kind  at  their  works,  34  and  36  Main  street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Publications  Received. 


Use   of   Petroleum  to    Prevent   Boiler  In- 
crustation. 


Although  petroleum  was  used  for  this  purpose  as 
early  as  1875,  there  has  been  until  recently  great 
division  of  opinion  upon  the  subject.  Roman  Zalo- 
ciecki  concludes  that  the  negative  results  hitherto 
attained  with  petroleum  are  due  solely  to  lack  of 
practical  experience  in  using  it.  Either  was  the 
quantity  employed  too  large  or  too  small  or  the  oil 
not  sufficiently  refined.  Too  much  petroleum  will 
cause  an  incrustation  upon  the  lower  wall  of  the 
boiler  next  to  the  fire,  that  easily  leads  to  a  burning 
through;  while  a  poorly  refined  product,  because  of 
the  acid  it  contains,  attacks  the  rivets  so  that  they 
become  thinner.  Regulation  of  the  flow  of  the 
petroleum  is  important,  that  a  constant  quantity 
may  always  be  in  the  boiler.  About  a  thousandth 
part  of  the  volume  of  feed  water  usually  suffices  for 
the  amount  of  petroleum,  which  may  be  allowed  to 
flow  in  with  the  water  either  continuously  or 
periodically.  For  this  purpose  it  is  best  to  have  an 
automatic  arrangement  to  regulate  the  flow.  The 
effect  of  the  petroleum  is  to  impregnate  the  solid 
particles  in  the  water  so  that  they  circulate  around 
without  settling  upon  the  bottom,  and  generally  do 
not  form  a  sediment  that  adheres  to  the  wall,  but 
merely  a  scum,  which  must  be  removed  from  time  to 
time. — Berieht  des  galizischen   Landespetroleumvereins.  I 


''  Speech  of  Hon.  S.  M.  White  of  California  on  the  Maritime 
Canal  Company  of  Nicaragua,"  recently  delivered  in  the 
U.  S.  Senate,  devoted  to  demonstrating  the  practicability  and 
commercial  necessity  of  building  that  waterway  under  Ameri- 
can auspices.  One  of  the  most  interesting  parts  of  Senator 
White's  address  is  the  evidence  he  adduces  regarding  the 
value  of  creosoted  timber  in  preserving  piles  from  the  ravages 
of  the  teredo. 

"Catalogue  of  the  Michigan  Mining  School,"  published  by 
the  Mining  School,  located  at  Houghton,  Mich.,  a  compendium 
of  information  regarding  that  institution;  214  pages  descrip- 
tive of  every  department  of  one  of  the  foremost  mining  schools 
in  the  country.  In  the  reading  room  of  this  institution  are  to 
be  found  224  of  the  leading  scientific  and  educational  publica- 
tions of  the  world. 

"Sketches  of  Wonderland,"  an  illustrated  pamphlet  descrip- 
tive of  the  country  traversed  by  the  Northern  Pacific  Rail- 
road. Smalley  and  others  have  had  so  much  about  that  re- 
gion that  the  first  idea  is  the  handsome  appearing  brochure  is 
only  a  re-hash  of  what  has  formerly  appeared,  but  examina- 
tion shows  this  to  be  original  throughout,  superbly  illustrated 
and  fairly  stated.  What  is  new  is  good,  and  much  that  is 
good  is  new.  The  company  has  finally  and  sensibly  quit  try- 
ing to  dub  Washington's  greatest  mountain  "Tacoma,"  and 
taken  to  calling  it  Ranier.  An  ascent  of  that  famous  peak  is 
finely  described,  and  Yellowstone  Park  for  the  one  hundredth 
time  is  given  great  prominence.  The  book  is  the  handsomest 
and  most  deserving  thing  seen  in  railroad  literature  for  the 
past  two  years,  and  any  one  caring  to  read  it  can  get  a  copy 
by  sending  three  two-cent  stamps  to  Chas.  S.  Fee,  Gen.  Pass, 
and  Ticket  Ag't  N.  P.  R.  R.,  St.  Paul,  Minn. 

"  Elasticity  a  Mode  of  Motion,  Being  a  Popular  Description  of 
a  New  and  Important  Discovery  in  Science,"  is  the  title  of  a  work 
of  61  pages  by  Rob' t  Stevenson,  C.  E.,  M.  JB.,  etc.,  who  al- 
leges therein  his  cognizance  of  the  true  cause  of  gravitation, 
and  announces  his  new  kinetic  theory  relative  thereto.  The 
work  is  finely  printed  on  excellent  paper  and  is  for  sale  by 
the  San  Francisco  News  Co. ;  price  50  cents. 


A  Nevada  Suggestion. 


The  Independence  mine,  Cripple  Creek,  Colorado, 
declared  profits  in  1895  as  follows: 

January $159,000 

February 105,000 

March 130,000 

Making  for  the  first  quarter  in  1895,  $364,000.  The 
number  of  men  employed  is  28,  four  of  whom  are 
stoping.  A  simple  calculation  will  show  that  it 
costs  less  than  60  cents  to  produce  an  ounce  of  gold 
from  this  mine.  If  the  cheapness  of  production,  as 
urged  by  the  opponents  of  silver,  from  such  mines  as 
the  Mollie  Gibson  and  the  Granite  Mountain,  is  a 
reason  for  the  demonetization  of  silver,  why  not  de- 
monetize gold  ? — White  Pine  News. 


Tempering  in  a  bath  of  lead  is  employed  especially 
for  the  very  hard  steels  that  crack  if  water  Or  oil  be 
used  for  that  purpose.  The  process  consists  in  heat- 
ing the  plate  to  be  tempered  uniformly  to  the  tem- 
perature of  900°  to  1000°  C,  and  then  plunging  it  in 
a  bath  of  melted  lead  at  350°  to  400°.  The  plate  ;= 
left  in  the  bath  till  its  temperature  is  the  same  as 
that  of  the  lead,  perhaps  400°.  Applied  to  the  soft 
steels  this  process  does  not  increase  their  hardness, 
but  it  improves  them. 


American  Girard  Water  Wheel. 


Adaptable  to  all  heads  between  30  feet  and 
2000  feet,  particularly  where  economy  in 
the  use  of  water  and  fine  regulation  are  de- 
sired, as,  for  instance,  the  operation  of  elec- 
tric dynamos. 


Girard  Water  Wheel  Co., 


34  MAIN  STREET, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.,  U.  S.  A. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  anti  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 

Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
-First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,   therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically     over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt    trans- 
versely two 
feet     apart, 
there    is    a 
space    of   one 
inch,   contain- 
ing    twenty 
riffles  1-38  of 
an    inch    in 
depth.    This 
tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a   belt  with  an -entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

•419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Bu  lldlnj;. San  Francisco. 


f  SEAMLESS  TUBE 


SEAMLESS  TUBE  HOSE. 

Our  patented  Seamless  Tube  Hose  is  the  most  valuable 
improvement  made  in  hose  in  recent  years.  In  the  old  way 
the  tube  is  formed  from  a  sheet  of  rubber,  fifty  feet  long,  of  a 
width  to  encircle  the  hose  pole,  lapped  and  cemented  (many 
times  imperfectly),  and  the  water  gets  through  to  the  can- 
vas and  rots  it,  and  the  hose  bursts.  Our  seamless  tube  is 
run  the  same  as  lead  pipe  is  made  and  is  free 
from  defects.  This  process  is  employed  in  all  sizes  from 
one-half  inch  to  the  largest  fire  hose.  Buy  these  goods  and 
you  are  sure  to  get  the  worth  of  your  money. 


ar^LSEFEBTOK    Simonds    Saws 


AHD'MACHTNE  KHIVES. 
RUBBER   BELTING 

RUBBER  HOSE,  COTTON  HOSE, 

PACKTHG. 

LErtTHER     BELTING 

DODGE  WOOD  SPLIT  PULLEYS. 

EHERY    WHEELS,    FILES, 

GRAPHITE  and  GRAPHITE  GREASE. 

SIMONDS  SAW   CO., 

No.  31  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  and 
85  First  St.,  Portland.  Or. 


Attention  JVliners ! 
W.  W7M0NTAGUE  &  CO. 

ABE    MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining,  Mil  Is  and  Power  Plants. 

IRON,  CUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
QROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  flarket  Street,  San  Francisco. 


April  27 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


2t3 


The  Mineral   Hydrocarbons. 


Their  Hlstor)  .  <jtfugraph>  ,  Otology,  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uses. 


NDMBKK  XXVI 


■   i  Mining akdScirntikk  l'n 
oopyrl  rhliHl  ISM,  by  Henry  G   Hank*.  F  <•  s 

Sulphuretted  hydrogen,  known  ;il*o 
lis  hydrosulphuric  acid,  mav  be  recog 
nixed  by  its  peculiar  smell,  like  that  of 
rotten  eggs  or  bilge  water,  li  is  com 
posed  of  the  elements  sulphur  and 
hydrogen,  as  its  Dame  indicates,  com 
bined  in  chemical  equivalents;  its  sym 
bol  is  HS,  and  its  atomic  weight  17  by 
the  old  system,  which  is  doubled  in  Hie 
new.  Water  al  ordinary  temperatures 
dissolves  or  absorbs  three  times  its 
volume  of  this  gas  The  odor  of  the 
so-called  'sulphur  water"  found  in 
many  parts  of  California  is  due  to  the 
presence  of  hydrosulphuric  acid  gas. 
In  some  localities  it  escapes  in  large 
ipiantities  from  the  ground.  The  most 
noted  in  the  State  arc  the  mud  volca- 
noes or  "salses"  in  the  Colorado 
desert,  San  Diego  county,  the  Sulphur 
Rank',  Lake  county:  and  Sulphur  creek, 
Colusa  county.  Sulphur  springs  are 
common  and  numerous  in  different 
parts  of  the  State. 

Sulphur  in  active  solfataras  is  sup- 
posed to  result  from  the  decomposition 
of  two  gases,  hydrosulphuric  acid  (HS) 
and  sulphurous  acid  (SO.,),  thus  (2HS 
-S02l  =  (2HO  +  3S),  or  by  the  oxida- 
tion of  hydrosulphuric  acid  gas,  thus 
(HS  0)=(HO+S).  The  oxygen  may 
he  derived  from  decomposed  water  or 
by  some  secondary  reaction.  Both 
these  gases  are  abundant,  at  the  mud 
volcanoes,  at  the  Sulphur  Bank  and 
at  Sulphur  creek.  Solfataric  heat  is 
no!  sufficient  to  sublime  sulphur  and  it 
would  seem  that  it  must  result  from 
decomposition.  The  deposition  of 
sulphur  from  hot  alkaline  sulphides 
at  Sulphur  creek  may  be  seen 
at  any  time;  all  the  tanks,  pipes,  con- 
duits and  bath  tubs  are  whitened  by  a 
deposit  of  finely  divided  sulphur. 

While  sulphurous  acid  gas  does  some- 
times leave  the  earth  as  such,  its 
occurrence  is  very  rare  as  compared 
with  the  other  gases  mentioned.  It 
has  so  strong  an  affinity  for  hydrogen 
that  it  generally  combines  with  it  and 
becomes  sulphuretted  hydrogen.  Sul- 
phurous acid  gas  is,  with  but  little 
doubt,  the  result  of  the  decomposition 
of  pyrites,  a  very  ubiquitous  and  com- 
mon mineral,  so  subject  to  change 
that  if  a  sample  after  washing 
is  simply  dried  on  a  water  bath,  the 
gas  is  distinctly  evolved,  and  may  be 
distinguished  by  its  odor,  that  of  burn- 
ing sulphur. 

Daubeny  refers  to  the  production  of 
sulphur  in  the  valley  of  "  Vado 
Mortale,"  near  Vesuvius,  thus:  "A 
vast  accumulation  of  sulphur  takes 
place  in  this  valley,  owing  doubtless  to 
the  sulphuretted  hydrogen,  which  is 
emitted  in  such  quantities  that  it'  has 
been  proposed  to  collect  it  for  com- 
merce, and  petroleum  has  been  like- 
wise met  with  intermixed  with  the 
former  combustible."  (History  of 
Active  and  Extinct  Volcanoes,  fol. 
144,) 

Sulphur  is  largely  produced  in  Italy, 
mostly  in  Sicily,  and,  if  I  am  not  mis- 
taken, it  is  all  from  solfataric  deposits. 
The  following,  compiled  from  American 
and  Italian  statistics,  will  convey  an 
idea  of  the  magnitude  of  this  industry: 


Years. 

Total    produc- 
tion of  Italy, 
tons. 

llnpoi 
the 

tons 

ted    into 
TJ.     S., 

1891 

IS82     

IR83 

1884 

1885 

1886 

383,151 
394,01)3 
301,689 
367,712 
377,104 
326,657 

102,771 
02,944 
02,861 
No  returns. 
04,370 
112,283 

At  the  Sulphur  Bank  quicksilver 
mine,  in  Lake  county,  sulphur  was 
somewhat  largely  refined  from  the 
crude  natural  mineral  during  the  years 
1865  to  1868  inclusive.  The  total'  pro- 
duction was  941  tons,  all  of  which,  it  is 
reasonable  to  suppose,  was  set  free 
from  hydrosulphuric  acid  gas  in  the 
manner  described. 

Carburetted  hydrogen  is  a  gas  of 
quite  a  different  nature  from  those 
above  described.  It  is  a  true  hydro- 
carbon,    the     elements     carbon     and 


hydrogen    being   combined   in    propor- 
tions   to    form    a    compound    which    is 
i  gaseous  at  ordinary  temperatures.     It 
is  verylighl  and  inflammable;  as  soon  as 

il  is  set  free  from  the   earth    it    rises,  if 
not    above   the    atmosphere,    at     least 

loan   altitude   near    that    position,  and 

quite  beyond  our  future  observation. 

Its  chemistry,  physical  properties,  and 

history   in   California    will    be    specially 

considered  elsewhere 

California  localities  are  numerous, 
but  the  quantity  is  small  although  im- 
portant.    That   there  has   not   I I 

gas  excitement  worthy  of  the  name 
and  that  there  are  no  great  inanufac 
turing  centers  here,  depending  on 
natural  gas  for  fuel,  is  the  best  evi- 
dence that  California  gas  emanations, 
whatever  they  may  become  in  the 
future,  are  not  to  be  compared  with 
those  of  the  Eastern  States. 

Natural  in  flammable  gas  is  known  to 
escape  from  the  earth  in  the  following 
counties:  it  may  do  so  in  others: 
1,  Alameda;  2,  Amador;  3,  Butte;  4, 
Colusa;  5,  Contra  Costa:  6,  Fresno;  7, 
Humboldt;  8,  Kern;  9,  Lake;  ID,  Los 
Angeles:  11,  Mendocino;  12,  Merced; 
13,  Monterey;  14,  Orange:  15,  Sacra- 
mento: 16,  San  Joaquin;  17,  San  Luis 
Obispo;  18,  San  Mateo;  19,  Santa  Bar- 
bara: 20,  Santa  Clara;  21,  Santa  Cruz; 
22,  Sonoma:  23,  Ventura;  24,  Yuba; 
25,  Placer. 

In  describing  the  gas  springs  in  the 
various  counties,  with  the  exception  of 
Colusa,  Contra  Costa,  Lake  and  San 
Joaquin,  which  I  have  personally  ex- 
amined, I  have  relied  on  newspaper 
accounts. 

(To  be  continued.) 


WANTED! 


$2500 — Wanted,  a  competent 
and  honest  quartz  mill  man,  with 
above  sum.  to  take  half  interest  in 
custom  quartz  mill,  permanent  and 
desirable. 

$5000 — Wanted,  a  competent 
and  honest  quartz  mill  man  (assayer 
preferred)  to  take  interest  in  a 
custom  quartz  mill,  chlorination 
works  and  a  group  of  developed 
mines. 

Both  ol  these  investments  are  safe  and  desira- 
ble, and  invite  investigation.  For  particulars,  ad- 
dress 

G.  B,  ROBERTSON,  Attorney-at-Law, 

YKKKA,  CAL. 


PUMPS! 


SEALED  PROPOSALS 

Will  be  received  by  the  CITY  OF  SACRAMENTO, 
CALIFORNIA,  until  MAY  1,  IS9S,  for  furnish- 
ing and  constructing 

HIGH  DUTY  PUMPING  ENGINES, 

One  (1)  having  a  capacity  of  n.ixio.CXXi  gallons  per 
twenty-four  hours;  the  pump  lo  be  of  the  vertical 
triple  expansion  or  cross-compound  type. 

The  bid  to  include  air  pumps,  valves,  feed 
pumps,  piping  and  all  other  appurtenances  per- 
taining to  a  pumping  plant,  excepting  boilers. 

Steam-pipe  connections  must  be  made  and  fur- 
sished  by  contractor,  also  connections  made  and 
furnished  to  suction  and  mains. 

The  city  to  furnish  concrete  foundation  for  pump 
and  build  pump  house. 

Specifications  may  be  obtained  at  the  office  of 
the  City  Clerli. 

O.  S.  FLINT,  City  Clerk. 


CHHJB 


Business    College, 

24  Post  Street,       -  Sail  Francisco. 

FOR     SEVENTY  -  FIVE     DOLLARS 

This  College  instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type-Writing 
Bookkeeping.  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  Bixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY,  Sec. 


,,  PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
^A  MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN   A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USEDTHAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH. 

CAPACITIES  ISOTONSJ    DIFFERENT 
wrtrnuintu    PER  HOUR  J        SIZES. 


^^— -^JZ^St^    PLANTS  If&^-Z 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF   EVERY    DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,   King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinery . 

i  Ave. 

.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS  SS3&5S 


NEW    YORK,  LONDON,   E.  C,  BUTTE,  CITY  OF  MEXICO, 

"36    LIBERTY    ST.  73    A    QUEEN    VICTORIA    ST.  MONTANA.  B    CALLE    DE    CANTf 


Mining    F*ipe ! 


STEEL  OR  IRON.— We  make  pipc'or  cither,  but  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  many 

particulars  and  inferior  in  none. 
COATING.— We  use  great  care  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Refined  Asphaltum 

and  Maltha. 
COMPETITORS.— Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  tilled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

C53  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON,      -       -       -       -  I  _  -       -       -       -       -       -      Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


GEAR  CUTTING 

J\     SPECIALTY. 


Fine  Work  at  Bedrock  Rates. 

SPUR,  BEVEL,  and  WORM  GEARS  of  any 
pitch  or  size  Tip  to  50  Inches. 

<<<<    TAPS  AND  REAMERS  GROUND.    >>>) 

Experimental   Machinery  and  Repair  Worfc  of  all  hinds. 

P.  T.  TAYLOR  &  CO., 

533  Mission  Street,  -  -  San  Francisco,  cal 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


264 


MINING  AND    SCIENTIFIC    .PRESS. 


April  27,  1895. 


Scientific  Progress. 


Interplanetary  Communication. 


Scientists  who  have  been  wedded  to 
the  theory  that  we  shall  one  day  be 
able  to  communicate  between  one 
planet  and  another,  must  regard  the 
present  trend  of  speculation  and  knowl- 
edge in  the  world  of  science  with  some 
complacency.  It  was  announced  some 
time  ago  that  Mr.  Lowell,  the  astrono- 
mer who  conducted  a  series  of  investi- 
gations at  Flagstaff,  Arizona,  observa- 
tory, on  the  canals  and  other  features 
of  Mars,  had  become  convinced  that 
the  planet  is  inhabited  by  intelligent 
beings.  His  explanation  of  the  "oases" 
connecting  the  "canals"  is  that  they 
are  fertile  spots  of  an  oval  or  circular 
shape,  usually  sbout  100  or  150  miles  in 
diameter,  and  of  green  so  dark  that  it 
is  quite  distinct  in  the  telescope  at  the 
distance  of  40,000,000  miles.  He  states 
that  it  changes  with  the  season  like 
that  of  the  foliage  of  the  earth.  Fol- 
lowing on  these  speculations,  now  comes 
Tesla's'  marvelous  discovery  that  not 
only  has-the  earth  an  electrical  charge 
of  its  own,  but  'that  this  charge  can  be 
demonstrated  and  utilized.  This  means 
that  we  have  now  at  hand  an  inex- 
haustible source  of  power  of  which  the 
whole  world  can  avail  itself;  in  other 
words,  that  every  bit  of  machinery  in 
operation  on  this  earth  can  be  actuated 
by  electricity  drawn  from  the  earth  it- 
self. This  discovery  also  opens  out  the 
way  for  transmitting  intelligence  all 
over  the  world  without  wires.  But  to 
astronomers  the  most  interesting  bear- 
ing of  these  new  facts  is  that  they  ren- 
der possible  a  system  of  communicating 
with  the  inhabitants  of  other  worlds. 
If  this  earth  has  an  electrical  charge, 
and  all  the  other  heavenly  bodies 
have  the  same,  as  undoubtedly  they 
have,  the  first  great  difficulty  in  the 
problem  of  interplanetary  communica- 
tion has  been  overcome,  and  we  have 
found  a  means  of  sending  messages 
across  chasms  of  space. 

Improvements   in  Printing  fla- 
chinery. 

The  American  Sunday  newspaper  is 
the  wonder  of  the  Old  World,  and  it 
would  almost  seem  as  if  the  enormous 
editions  issued  bjr  some  offices  for  the 
delectation  of  their  Sunday  readers 
had  exhausted  the  possibilities  of  mod- 
ern newspaper  production.  That  such, 
however,  is  not  the  case,  is  evident 
from  the  constant  succession  of  pat- 
ents being  taken  out  for  improvement 
in  newspaper  printing  machinery.  The 
ingenuity  and  complication  of  some  of 
these  machines  is  remarkable.  The 
specification  of  a  machine  for  feeding 
sheets  of  paper  to  a  printing  press, 
occupied  nearly  eight  pages  of  a  recent 
number  of  the  Patent  Office  Gazette, 
and  contained  not  less  than  sixty-nine 
distinct  claims. 


An  Auroral   Search  =  Light. 


An  indication  of  the  estimation  in 
which  the  search-light  is  now  held  as  a 
medium  for  the  projection  of  light  to 
distant  points  is  recorded  from  Eng- 
land. An  electrical  journal  says  it 
is  significant  of  the  spread  of  electric 
apparatus,  which  were  a  few  years  ago 
regarded  rather  as  curiosities,  that  the 
recent  fine  display  of  the  Aurora  Bore- 
alis  in  the  north  of  England  was  by 
many  people  put  down  to  the  now 
more  familiar  beams  of  a  search-light. 
It  was  only  when,  on  comparing  notes, 
it  was  found  that  the  display  had  been 
seen  in  far  distant  places  out  of  the 
range  of  any  possible  projector,  that 
this  very  practical  explanation  was 
abandoned. 


An  Experiment   with    Water. 

Take  a  pound  of  water,  the  tempera- 
ture of  which  is  80°  C.  and  mix  it  with 
a  pound  of  water  at  0°,  or  freezing 
point.  The  mixture  will  make  two 
pounds  of  water,  the  temperature  of 
which  is  40°  C. 

Now  take  another  pound  of  water  at 
80°  C.    and  mix   with  it  a    pound    of 


crushed  ice — that  is,  ice  crystals  at  0° 
C,  the  same  temperature  as  the  cold 
water  in  the  first  mixture — and  the  re- 
sult is  that  we  have  two  pounds  of 
water  at  freezing  point. 

In  both  cases  the  weight  of  matter 
at  0°  C.  introduced  into  the  warm 
water  was  the  same;  but  before  the 
ice  crystals  could  assume  a  liquid  con- 
dition, they  had  to  absorb  a  certain 
amount  of  heat.  The  heat  was  drawn 
from  the  warm  water,  and  conse- 
quently reduced  its  temperature,  but 
it  did  not  raise  the  temperature  of  the 
ice.  It  simply  acted  as  energy  in  en- 
abling the  ice  to  become  liquid,  and  re- 
mained in  that  liquid  in  the  form  of 
latent  heat,  to  be  given  up  again  as 
soon  as  the  water  resumed  a  crystal- 
line form. — London  Knowledge. 


Cost  of  Stopping  a  Train. 


A  locomotive  engineer  talking  on  the 
above  subject  says:  "  It  is  not  gener- 
ally known  what  loss  of  power  is  in- 
volved in  the  starting  and  stopping  of 
an  ordinary  train  of  cars.  There  is  re- 
quired about  twice  as  much  power  to 
stop  a  train  as  to  start  one,  the  loss  of 
power  depending  upon  the  momentum. 
A  train  going  at  the  rate  of  sixty  miles 
an  hour  can,  by  means  of  the  Westing- 
house  air  brake,  be  stopped  within  120 
yards  from  the  first  application  of  the 
brake.  Now,  enough  power  is  lost  to 
carry  this  same  train  fifteen  miles  over 
a  plane  surface.  First,  there  is  the 
momentum  acquired  by  the  train  flying 
at  this  remarkable  rate  of  speed,  then 
the  loss  of  steam  in  applying  the  brakes, 
aud  lastly  but  not  least,  the  extra 
amount  of  coal  to  compensate  for  all 
these  losses.  By  computation  I  have 
ascertained  that  every  complete  stop 
involves  a  cost  of  $1.17." 


A   Novel    Calculation. 


According  to  M.  Eiffel,  the  cost  of 
lives  of  any  great  engineering  work 
can  be  estimated,  at  least  as  accurately 
as  the  cost  in  money.  ' '  It  has  been 
found,"  he  says,  "by  statistical  obser- 
vation that  in  engineering  enterprises 
one  man  is  killed  for  every  1,000,000 
francs  spent  on  the  work.  If  you  have 
to  build  a  bridge  at  a  cost  of  100,000,000 
francs,  you  know  that  you  will  kill  100 
workmen."  This  statement,  while 
rather  an  ingenious  one,  is  not,  it  is 
stated,  borne  out  by  facts.  Take  the 
Eiffel  tower,  for  example.  Six  and  a 
half  millions'  worth  cost  only  four  lives. 
The  Forth  bridge,  on  the  other  hand, 
a  contemporary  points  out,  cost  45, 000,- 
000  francs,  while  the  lives  of  fifty-five 
men  were  sacrificed  in  connection  with 
its  construction. 


The  Wilson  sss— 
SHOES 

AND 

DIES. 

Guaranteed  to  Wear  Longer 
and  Prove  Cheaper  than 
51??    any  others. 

Made  by  use  of  Special  Appliances. 

PATENTED    AUGUST    16TH,    1892. 
Made  only  by 

Western  Forge  and 
Rolling  Mills, 

ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
WM.  A.  HEWITT,     -      -     Agent, 

11  and  13  First  St..  San  Francisco. 


>,VAN  DUZEN  STEAM  JET  PUMPS 

THE  BEST  IN  THE   WOULD. 

Pumps  nny  kind  of  Liqui.i.  Aluav.s  iu  onlcr.  Neir-r 
"Jclnus  nor  freezes.  Fully  Guaranteed.  COST  S7 
■  AND  Ul'WARr).  Kspeciallv  useful  for  Mines,  Quur. 
Fries.  Pits,  Wells,  Clav  Pile.  Breweries,  od  Sicoroshtf;. 
I  Ferrybonis  or  anv  place  where  steam  Is  avnilnhle  and 
■  liquid  to  be  pumped.    A  lull  supply  in  stock.     Addres*. 

JJas.  Linforth,  37  Market  St,,  San  Francisco. 


The  LB.  HAMMOND  CO. 

69  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 

wmANUFflCTURERS       OF* »~ 

Stamp  mils,  Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,  Desulphurizing  Furnaces,  Etc. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contained,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Bills  for  Heavy 
Timbers,  MUlwrlgnt  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  and  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self -Contained"  Means  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  and 
Can  Be  Readily  Recognized  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plant, 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  Is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  MU1  a  Large  Bill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  and  Loss 
Of  Time. 

SECOND:  The  Saving  in  Mill- 
wright and  Mechanics'  Labor  in 
Framing    and    Erecting. 

THIRD:  The  Large  Amount  of 
Space    Saved. 


Improved  Self-Contained  Cushion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill. 


Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List. — 
— CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 


Mining  Machinery, 


STAMP  BATTERIES. 


Corliss  and  Meyer  Cut-off 

Steam    Engines. 

Improved 

Blake  Rock  Breakers. 

Amalgamating  Pans 
and  Settlers. 

CHLORINATION  BARRELS. 
BRUCKHER    ROASTING    CYLINDERS. 

♦  VULCAN  ♦ 


WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135  to  145  Fremont  Street,  5an  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado  830 City  of  Mexico 


Apri]  27.  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


265 


Mechanical   Progress. 


Bell's  Great    Rival. 


The  biggest   combination  of  capital 

and    political    influence     ever    gotten 

her  lias  been   organized   to  enter 

•  •phone  Held   and   rout   the   Bell 

Company  by  giving  cheaper,  and.it   is 

declared,  better  telephones. 

The  new  enterprise  is  backed  by  the 
Sugar  Trust,  the  Standard  Oil  Com- 
pany, the  Crocker  interests  of  this 
State,  ami  the  Pullman  Company  in- 
terests. It  has  also  among  the  men 
i*ho  are  on  the  "ground  floor"  some 
of  the  shrewdest  capitalists  of  every 
city  in  the  Union. 

Parallel  with  its  line  of  capitalists  is 
a  line  of  politicians,  who  rank  among 
politicians  in  the  same  fashion  that  the 
capitalists  do  among  moneyed  men. 
Among  these  are  James  S.  Clarkson, 
nf  Iowa;  John  W.  Candler,  of  Boston, 
Mass. ;  Colonel  Conger,  of  Ohio;  Rep- 
I  ative  Cannon,  of  Utah,  the  head 
of  the  Mormon  Church;  Louis  Wind- 
muller,  of  New  York;  Franklin  Fair- 
banks, formerly  Governor  of  Vermont; 
General  Felix  Agnus,  of  Baltimore, 
Mil. .  Charles  A.  Pillsbury.  of  Minne- 
apolis, Minn.;  and  in  Illinois  W.  J. 
Campbell,  who  also  represents  the 
Standard  Oil  interests;  John  S.  Run- 
nells,  who  also  represents  the  Pullman 
interests,  \V.  W.  Tracy,  of  Springfield, 
Ohio,  and  two  or  three  San  Francisco 
men. 

The  entire  country  has  been  parcelled 
out  and  placed  in  the  hands  of  local 
companies,  each  of  which  is  organized 
along  the  double  lines  of  capital  and 
influence.  The  aggregate  capital  in- 
volved is  §360,000,000.  The  amount  of 
political  influence  is  hardly  calculable. 
It  is  safe  to  say,  however,  that  it  is 
enough  to  make  any  desired  friendly 
legislation  a  great  deal  easier  to  obtain 
than  it  otherwise  would  be,  and  to 
make  hostile  legislation  a  great  deal 
harder. 

The  company  is  named  the  Standard 
Telephone  Company  of  New  York. 
The  electrical  devices  to  be  used  are 
those  of  Allen  T.  Nye,  who  ten 
years  ago  made  a  long  fight  on  the 
original  patent  covering  the  trans- 
mission of  speech  by  means  of  a  wire. 
He  was  unsuccessful  then,  but  the  ex- 
piration of  that  patent,  about  a  year 
ago,  gave  him  the  benefit  of  what  he 
tried  to  gain  by  litigation. 

The  company  proposes  to  put  in  tele- 
phones at  a  uniform  price  of  $25  a 
year,  and  make  what  is  now  a  luxury 
within  the  means  of  comparatively  few 
persons  a  necessity  within  the  means 
of  the  great  body  of  the  public.  The 
devices  are  already  in  use  in  New  York 
City  and  State,  and  in  New  England. 

Not  the  least  remarkable  feature 
about  this  gigantic  combination  is  the 
secrecy  with  which  operations  have 
been  conducted.  This  is  the  first  inti- 
mation many  will  have  of  the  plans  of 
the  company.  It  is  doubtful  if  the  Bell 
Company,  with  all  its  immense  inter- 
ests threatened,  knows  much,  if  any- 
thing, about  what  has  been  done  by  its 
rival  in  the  actual  operation  of  tele- 
phone lines. 

The  Standard  Telephone  Company  is 
the  parent  organization,  and  there  are 
nine  local  companies  east  of  the 
Mississippi  and  ten  in  process  of  organ- 
ization to  cover  the  remainder  of  the 
territory  in  the  United  States,  Canada 
and  Mexico. 

The  Standard  Company  has  a  capital 
of  $10,000,000,  and  offices  at  No.  68 
Broad  street,  New  York.  Its  board 
of  directors  is  made  up  of  Thurlow 
Weed  Barnes,  president;  John  A.  Brill, 
president  of  the  J.  G.  Brill  Company, 
car  builders  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  Carl 
F.  Baker,  of  the  hardware,  steel  and 
iron  house  of  H.  Baker  &  Co.,  of  New 
York;  John  W.  Candler,  formerly  Rep- 
resentative, railroad  president  and 
merchant,  of  Boston,  Mass. ;  George 
Crocker,  of  this  city;  Henry  Merz, 
president  of  the  Heller-Merz  Company, 
manufacturers  of  colors,  of  New  York; 
Allen  T.  Nye,  promoter  of  the  com- 
pany; Manning  C.  Palmer,  president  of 
the  Syracuse  National  Bank  and  Elec- 
tric Light  Company,  of  Syracuse,  N. 
Y. ;  Felix  Rakeman,  of  Bulch  &  Rake- 


man,  of  Boston;  John  E.  Searles.  secre- 
tary and  treasurer  of  the  American 
Sugar  Refining  Company,  better  known 
as  the  Sugar  Trust,  of  New  York; 
Charles  T.  Strauss,  of  Charles  T. 
Strauss  &  Brothers,  importers  of  lace, 
of  New  York;  and  Louis  Winilmuller,  of 
Windmuller  &    Koelker,  of  New  York. 

The  State  companies  which  have 
already  been  formed  to  operate  as 
licensees  of  the  parent  company  are  the 
New  York  Standard  Telephone  Com- 
pany, capital  $6,000,000,  to  operate  in 
the  State  of  New  York;  Eastern  Stand- 
ard Telephone  Company.  Boston,  cap- 
ital $6,000,000,  to  operate  throughout 
New  England;  New  Jersey  Standard 
Telephone  Company,  capital  $3,000.- 
000,  Jersey  City,  to  operate  in  New 
Jersey  and  Delaware;  Pennsylvania 
Standard  Telephone  Company,  Phila- 
delphia, capital  $5,000,000.  to  operate 
in  Pennsylvania;  Columbia  Standard 
Telephone  Company,  Washington,  D. 
C,  Baltimore  and  Richmond,  capital 
stock  $4,000,000,  to  operate  in  Mary- 
land. District  of  Columbia,  Virginia  and 
West  Virginia;  Ohio  and  Indiana  Stand- 
ard Telephone  Company,  Cleveland,  Cin- 
cinnati and  Indianapolis,  to  operate  in 
Ohio  and  Indiana;  Michigan  Standard 
Telephone  Company,  Detroit,  capital 
$4,000,000,  to  operate  in  Michigan; 
Northwestern  Standard  Telephone 
Company,  Chicago,  Davenport  and 
Milwaukee,  capital  $6,000,000,  to  op- 
erate in  Illinois,  Iowa  and  Wisconsin; 
Northern  Standard  Telephone  Com- 
pany, St.  Paul,  Minneapolis  and  Pierre, 
capital  $4,000,000,  to  operate  in  Min- 
nesota, North  and  South  Dakota. 

The  Central  Standard  Company,  St. 
Louis,  Kansas  City  and  Lincoln,  cap- 
ital $5,000,000,  to  operate  in  Missouri, 
Kansas,  Nebraska  and  Arkansas,  is  in 
process  of  organization,  the  promoter 
being  Griffith  Coit,  president  of  the 
Union  Trust  Company,  of  St.  Louis. 
The  organization  of  the  Mountain 
Standard  Telephone  Company,  in 
Denver,  Albuquerque  and  Salt  Lake 
City,  capital  $4,000,000,  to  operate  in 
Colorado,  New  Mexico,  Utah  and  Ari- 
zona, is  in  the  hands  of  George  Q.  Can- 
non, the  head  of   the  Mormon   Church. 

The  local  operating  companies  whose 
organization  is  not  yet  completed  are  : 
Southern  Standard  Telephone  Com- 
pany, Nashville,  Louisville  and  Charles- 
ton, capital  $4,000,000,  to  operate  in 
Tennessee,  Kentucky,  and  North  and 
South  Carolina;  Gulf  States  Standard 
Telephone  Company,  New  Orleans, 
Atlanta  and  St.  Augustine,  capital 
$5,000,000.  to  operate  in  Georgia, 
Florida,  Alabama,  Louisiana  and  Miss- 
issippi; Texas  Standard  Telephone 
Company,  Austin,  Galveston  and  Guth- 
rie, capital  $4,000,000,  to  operate  in 
Texas,  Indian  Territory  and  Okla- 
homa. 

Pacific  Standard  Telephone  Com- 
pany, Portland,  Tacoma  and  Helena, 
capital  $5,000,000,  to  operate  in  Wash- 
ington, Oregon,  Montana,  Idaho, 
Wyoming  and  Alaska;  California 
Standard  Telephone  Company,  San 
Francisco,  capital  $4,000,000,  to  oper- 
ate in  California  and  Nevada;  Inter- 
colonial Standard  Telephone  Company, 
Quebec,  St.  Johns  and  Halifax,  capital 
$2,000,000,  to  operate  in  all  British 
territory  east  of  the  Province  of  On- 
tario; Canadian  Standard  Telephone 
Company,  Montreal  and  Ottawa,  cap- 
ital $2,000,000,  to  operate  in  the  Prov- 
ince of  Ontario;  British  Columbian 
Standard  Telephone  Company,  Van- 
couver and  Victoria,  capital  $2,000,000, 
to  operate  in  the  British  provinces 
west  of  Ontario;  Mexican  Standard 
Telephone  Company,  Mexico,  capital 
$2,000,000,  to  operate  in  Mexico. 


QUICKSILVER! 


FOR  SALE  BY- 

Eureka   Company, 


The 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.      -      426  California  Street, 


SAN  FRANCISCO. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hap  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc,  etc.  *SF-Extra 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notice 

0U  and  613  front  -ST..,  san  Fr»RelBeo,Cai; 


Professional  Cards. 


i  The  Evans  Assay  Office. ! 

W.  N.  JEHU,        ...    Proprietor.  { 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden.  ' 

\  628    Montgomery   Street.  Sun    Franrltuo.  ! 
Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

1  Ore  Assays,  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


,  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  J 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 

>  Surveying.  Architecture.  Drawing  and  Assaying. ' 

723  Market  St..  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN    ALI,   YEAR. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN.  President. 

Assaying  of  Ores.  K5;  Bullion  and  Cltlorlnation  ( 
Assay.  K5;  Blowpipe  Assay, §10.  Pull  Course  ( 
of  Assaying,  S50.    Established  1864. 

jy  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

.  Examination,  Surveys,  and  Report*  upon 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

,    Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes-  , 
,  tic    use;    irrigation,     and    the     production    of  , 
j  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and 
.  plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superln- 
tended.    Correspondence  solicited. 

Res.-933  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


ED\A//\RD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 

,     TestB  and  Estimates  for  the  improvement  of  ( 
I  Pumping,  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants.  \ 

\     Will  supervise  the  Construction.   Shipment  \ 
t  or  Erection  of  Machinery.      Will  make  Draw- 
t  lnga,  Estimates  or  Specifications. 
t     Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de- 
5  scrlptlon.    Twenty  year's  experience. 

23  Davis  St.,  Rooms  30  &  31,  S.  F.,  Cal. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist  and  Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 
Will  examine    Mines,  Ore   Bodies,   Mineral 
)  Belts  or  Zones,  and  make  written  Miuerailst 

>  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 

>  plication  for  services.  I  make  mv  own  assava 
5  and  select  my  own  samples  when  exam  lug 
,  mines.  Eighteen  years'  experience.  Analysis 
,  of  water  and  soils. 


CHAS.  S.  HARKER,  E.  M~         \ 

Attorney-at-Law  and  Mining  Engineer.  > 
Makes  a  specialty  of  Mining  Law,  Patents  ob-  ) 
agricultural   lands.  > 


Almarin  B.  Paul,  M.  E., 

Mining;  Operator, 

ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
[  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco.  ] 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
'  ing  on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  ' 
1  procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest  < 
1  in  Developed  Mines.  ( 

i      Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  < 
,  CYANIDE,  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent  | 
,  instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large, 
,  practical  scale. 


Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, ! 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LTJCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 
ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  i 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  < 
ores.  ( 

SPECIAL    ATTENTION    paid    to  examina-  t 
tlons    of    mines;    plans   and   reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


!  Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

i  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

"Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at  ( 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and  ] 
,  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper,  , 
,  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  , 
,  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any  , 
,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know,  , 
,  relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources  , 
,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1141  R.  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


Founded  by  Math-: a-  Carey,  fTSS, 
HENRY     CAREY     J1AIRD     &     CO.. 

inddstrlal    publishers,    booksellers    and 

Empobtbbs, 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  V.  S.A. 

WOurNt-wand  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  SolentfflC  Books.  *-  Pug..-*.  nvo..  and    our  other 

Catalogues  and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering  every 

I ''';i tit'li  "i  Si:ir.THT  ;,,,;,]  ini  to  Liu-  ;,ris.  snii  free  and 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 

THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

THAOC    MARK. 


'."ARTHUR    FORREST  PROGttfl) 

MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  -  £110,000  STERLING 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney ;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  k  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  Hew  York. 

CYANIDE 

— OF- 

POTASSIUn, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulpbite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO^ 


^^~  Pioneer  Screen  U/orksl 
^  JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices! 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel,  RusBia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  BrasB  Screens 

for  All  Uaes. 

*** MUTING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

331  and  233  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


^H? 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
.Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  \ 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purpoBeB.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  14fi  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  F. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

W7V\.  H.  BIRCH  <fe  GO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
Gary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin- 
ery, Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 
Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 
11©  Beale   St.,   San  Francisco. 


266 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  27,  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  is  mostly  condensed  from  journalsi 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  miueB 
mentioned. 


to  the  Desert  Queen  mine  is  to  the  effect  that 
the  seven  tons  of  ore  which  have  been  milled 
yielded  ninety  seven  ounces  of  gold,  which,  at 
*17  per  ounce,  amounts  to  near  *1700.  This  is 
an  average  of  $240  per  ton.  James  McHenry, 
of  this  mine,  lately  sent  out  a  live-stamp  mill. 
He  reports  the  ledge  in  the  Desert  Queen  a 
large  one. 
|  Vandehiult  District.—  The  reports  from 
Pdkbkstowx.—  The  Golden  Queen  i  Vanderbilt  district  are  encouraging.  The 
The  comnanv  have  I  Gold  Bronze  mine  is  in  good  shape.  On  the 
250-foot  level  there  is  200  feet  of  ore  in  sight 
which  runs  up  to  the  150-foot  level,  the  inter- 
vening distance  being  nearly  a  solid  block  of 
ore.  There  is  also  good  ore  being  stoped  out 
of  the  150-foot  level.  A  carload  of  concen- 
trates was  lately  shipped  from  this  mine  to 
Pueblo.  These  concentrates  are  valued  at 
about  $60  to  the  ton.  At  present  there  are 
twenty-three  men  at  work. 


CALIFORNIA 

liutte. 

Aumxi 
mill  has  resumed  work.    The  company  have 
been  taking  ore  out  of  the  Honeycomb  for  two 
or  three  mouths  past. 

At  Hurleton. — D.  A.  MacDonald,  who  has 
been  superintending  operations  at  the  Pacto- 
lian,  is  here  to  buy  machinery  for  further  de- 
velopment of  the  mine. 

Tun  Dutch  Ravine  Mine. — Times:  L.  A. 
Russell  has  bonded  the  Dutch  Ravine  mine, 
and  is  making  preparations  to  begin  work  on 
it  soon.  This  mine  was  opened  some  years 
since  by  Harry  Stow  and  others  and  about 
§15,000  was  spent  in  sinking  a  double  compart- 
ment shaft  down  150  feet  and  in  building 
tunnels  and  drifts,  of  which  there  are  about 
350  feet.  The  ore  assayed  high  and  the  ledge 
run  from  live  to  nine  feet  iu  width :  but  Stow 
was  engaged  in  the  Gold  Bank  tunnel  scheme, 
and  uot  having  time  to  attend  to  both,  the 
Dutch  Ravine  was  bonded  to  Mr.  Russell. 
This  mine  is  near  Hurleton  aud  is  considered 
one  of  the  best  prospects  iu  the  country.  It 
is  in  a  good  location  and  should  give  employ- 
ment to  a  considerable  number  of  men.  The 
ravine  in  which  the  ledge  was  discovered  was 
extremely  rich  in  placer  gold  in  early  days. 

At  Cherokee.— It  is  expected  that  as  soon 
as  the  litigation  over  the  Spring  Valley  mine 
at  Cherokee  is  settled,  which  will  probably  be 
iu  a  short  time,  the  miue  will  be  started  and 
worked  by  means  of  drifting.  This  mine  has 
always  paid  handsomely,  but  the  injunction 
against  hydraulic  mining  forced  the  mine  into 
expending  large  sums  of  money,  and  eventu- 
ally to  be  involved  with  its  creditors.  These 
matters  being  now  adjusted,  it  is  expected 
operations  ou  a  large  scale  will  commence  be- 
fore long. 

The  ledge  of  the  Big  Betsy,  in  the  Moore- 
town  district,  has  beeu  struck  at  a  depth  of 
HO  feet.  The  tunnel  was  in  175  feet,  aud 
work  had  been  in  progress  some  six  months. 

Calaveras. 

The  Tulloch  Mixe.  —  Echo:  The  Tulloch 
mine,  situated  iu  Albany  Flat  mining  district, 
has,  during  the  week,  been  put  under  agree- 
ment of  sale  within  sixty  days  to  M.  Shaugh- 
nessy,  of  Salt  Lake,  Utah.  Jf  the  party  of  the 
second  part  agrees  to  accept  the  property  at 
the  expiration  of  the  sixty  days,  the  mine 
will  be  transferred  and  a  deed  issued  to  Mr. 
Shaughnessy  upon  the  payment  of  150,000  cash 
in  hand.  The  mine  is  not  under  bond  and  will 
not  pass  into  the  hands  of  any  one  until  the 
sum  of  $50,000  is  paid  down!  Mr.  Tulloch  is 
working  the  claim  pending  the  consummation 
of  the  sixty-day  proposition. 

Nevada. 

Tullys1  Hvok.vi  mc  Mine. — Transcript :  N. 
and  J.  B.  Tully  will  start  up  their  hydraulic 
mine,  in  the  vicinity  of  Omega.  They  are 
building  the  necessary  dam  to  restrain'  the 
debris  from  the  mine  before  a  permit  from 
the  U.  S.  Debris  Commission  can  be  obtained, 
and  have  chosen  Scotchman's  creek  for  the 
location  of  their  dam,  which  is  now  about 
two-thirds  finished.  The  dam  will  be  200  feet 
in  length,  05  feet  high,  and  the  base  of  the 
supporting  wall  will  be  120  feet  in  thickness. 
A  Goon  Move.—  Herald:  George  Senn, 
superintendent  of  the  Gracie  miue,  on  Gold 
Plat,  has  made  arrangements  for  the  purchase 
of  the  mill,  hoisting  machinery  and  chlorina- 
tion  works  of  the  Delhi  mine,  on  Columbia 
Hill.  The  entire  plant  will  be  removed  to  the 
Gracie  and  there  utilized  in  working  the  ore 
from  that  mine.  Mr.  Senn  represents  an  ag- 
gregation of  strong  capitalists,  and  has  a  bond 
on  several  other  mines  at  Gold  Flat.  There 
is  every  reason  to  believe  that  extensive 
operations  will  be  undertaken  by  the  com- 
pany. A  boarding-house  is  now  being  erected 
near  the  Gracie  mine. 

Washington  District. — Transcript:  The 
Oak  Tree  mine  is  extending  the  drift  south  ou 
the  S00  level,  and  have  struck  a  good  ledge  of 
ore.  Twenty-five  men  are  at  work,  most  of 
them  stopiDg.  In  the  stope  the  ledge  is 
twelve  feet  in  width.  The  mill  is  kept  busy 
crushing  the  ore. 

At  the  Blue  Jay  mine  some  excellent  ore  is 
being  extracted  from  the  stopes.  Besides  free 
gold  the  rock  contains  a  large  percentage  of 
sulphurs ts  that  will  yield  about  SS0  per  ton, 
and  to  save  these  the  owners  of  the  mine  are 
putting  up  a  canvas  plant. 

Messrs.  Baugh,  Bonuey  and  Heibergar  will 
commence  shortly  to  open  up  the  Virginia 
mine.  They  intend  to  run  a  drift  ou  the  ledge, 
which  is  about  four  feet  in  width,  as  shown 
by  the  prospecting  already  done.  Tests  made 
of  samples  of  the  ore  lead  the  owners  to  be- 
lieve that  they  have  a  very  good  mine. 

In  spite  of  the  rumots  of  the  resumption  of 
operations  at  the  Yuba  mine,  everything  there 
is  quiet—nothing  having  been  done  as  yet. 

Several  venturesome  prospectors  who.  no 
doubt,  believe  in  the  maxim  "the  early  bird 
catches  the  worm,"  have  already  gone  to 
work  in  the  Fall  creek  country,  though  the 
snow  is  still  from  ten  to  twenty  feet  in  depth. 
The  new  pump  at  the  Culb'ertson  mine  is 
working  satisfactorily  and  handles  all  the 
water.  Since  the  resumption  of  work  a  body 
of  ore  has  been  struck  that  excels  in  quality 
even  the  rich  rock  heretofore  obtained.  The 
extent  of  the  new  find  has  not  as  yet  beeu 
fully  determined. 

A  1700-foot  tunnel  is  being  run  by  the  Erie 
Mining  Company,  which  will  connect  the  Erie 
with  the  Dublin  Bay  mine.  The  two  mines 
are  situated  about  half  way  between  Gaston 
Ridge  and  Eureka. 

Sau  Bernardino. 

The  Desert  Queen.—  The  latest  reliable  in- 
ormation,  says  the  Banning  Herala\  in  regard 


San  Diego. 

Reduction  Works  Resumed. —The  National 
Gity  Record  says  that  progress  at  the  reduc- 
tion works  the"  past  week  has  been  marked. 
The  dry  kiln  is  being  lined  with  fire  brick 
and  the  chimney  for  the  kiln  has  been  put  up. 
The  stamp  mill,  it  is  said,  will  begin  opera- 
tions the  first  of  this  week.  A  steam  siphon 
is  to  be  used  in  draining  the  surplus  water 
from  the  tailings,  the  water  to  be  run  off  into 
the  outside  slough.  It  has  been  estimated 
that  there  are  some  5000  tons  of  the  tailings 
to  be  worked  and  about  thirty  tons  a  day  will 
be  run. 

Shasta. 

The  Eureka  Tellurium.— To  the  Editor: 
The  new-machinery  at  the  Eureka  Tellurium 
mine  is  being  put  up  at  Middle  Creek,  Shasta 
Co.  The  wages  paid  to  miners,  machinists, 
engineers,  er,c.,  is  Si. 25  per  day;  board.  §5  per 
week,  to  he  paid  from  the  wages. 

Geo.  E.  Mills. 

G(ii.i)  Dust.—  The  Free  Press  is  informed  by 
the  McCormick  Saeltzer  Company  that  since 
the  first  of  January  this  corporation  has 
shipped  gold  dust  to  the  value  of  $1000  per 
week.  Last  year  they  shipped  over  $40,000. 
W.  W.  Williams  shipped  last  week  §000  in 
dust,  and  no  later  than  Monday  $300.  Of 
course  other  firms  ship  some,  besides  what  is 
sent  direct  to  the  Mint  through  Wells,  Fargo 
&  Co.  This  does  not  mea u  amalgam,  bu t 
gold  taken  out  of  the  placer  mines  aDd  the 
river. 

Mine  Bonded.— E.  P.  Conuor  says  that  he 
has  bonded  five  claims  on  Salt  creek  to  C.  A. 
Rascal  1,  late  of  Milwaukee,  for  $10,000.  The 
bond  is  to  run  for  a  year.  The  company  Mr. 
Hascall  represents  is  to  put  up  a  mill,  and 
Conuor  is  to  be  paid  from  the  net  proceeds 
resulting  until  the  sum  agreed  upon  is  paid 
over. 

Some  Rich  Ore. — C.  W.  Frost  of  Santa 
Rosa  received  a  bag  of  specimeo  ore  from  a 
Shasta  county  mine  last  Thursday,  which 
gave  an  average  assay  of  $5:21.80  per  ton  in 
gold.  He  will  erect  a  fen-stamp  mill  on  the 
property.  This  will  render  the  crushing  of 
the  ore  very  simple,  as  the  mill  can  be  oper- 
ated by  water  power. 

Siskiyou. 

General  Mixing  Notes. — Journal:  Messrs. 
Mullen  &  Kingsbury,  at  the  Spencer  mine,  on 
south  side  of  the  Siskiyous  in  Cottonwood 
district,  are  preparing  to' do  placer  work  below 
their  quartz  claim  to  gather  up  some  of  the 
stray  nuggets  that  are  certain  to  have  washed 
down  from  the  rich  ledge  above.  They  will 
get  iron  from  the  city  and  run  a  hydraulic. 

Hippler  &  Roberts  have  sold  their  prospect 
claim  in  Humbug  district  to  Tebbe  and  Davis 
for  $500. 

T.  Franklin  aud  N.  Lamb  have  bought  the 
five-stamp  mill  of  Cleland,  at  Barkhouse. 

At  Cherry  Creek,  Barnes  &  Co.  are  crushing 
about  fifty  tons  ore  with  their  two  arras tras. 
The  Espey  Mining  Company  have  acquired 
an  interest  in  the  mines  on  Horse  creek,  and 
will  put  fifty  men  at  work  digging  a  ditch 
that  will  carry  1000  miner's  inches  of  water, 
and  long  enough  to  get  300  feet  pressure. 
Horse  creek  has  its  source  in  the  Siskiyous 
and  is  one  of  the  tributaries  of  the  Klamath 
river.  In  March.  1894,  an  old  channel  was 
discovered  about  100  feet  above  the  present 
creek  level.  Considerable  development  work 
has  since  been  done  with  results  satisfactory 
enough  to  warrant  the  above  undertaking. 

This  has  been  the  most  favorable  spring  in 
many  years  for  river  mining,  and  from  the 
mouth  of  Cottonwood  creek  to  the  mouth  of 
Scott  river,  (the  river-mining  section  of  the 
Klamath  i,  many  wheels  may  be  seen  turning 
and  hundreds  of  laborers  putting  in  wheels 
and  wing  dams  and  getting  ready  to  take  from 
the  river  beds  and  banks  gold  for  which  the 
Klamath  river  is  famous. 

The  Eastlick  Bros,  aud  the  Wright  & 
Fletcher  hydraulic  elevators  at  Oro  Fino  are 
working  at  full  blast.  The  former  have,  owing 
to  the  favorable  spring,  gotten  a  start  of  a 
month  earlier  than  usual  and  expect  by 
July  4th  to  clean  up  $25,000. 

There  is  some  prospect  of  the  Virginia  Bar 
mine  being  again  put  into  operation.  In  the 
summer  of  1SSS,  a  crowd  of  Kanaka  miners  took 
out  $00,000.  They  afterward  got  off  the  pay, 
and  since  then  no  great  effort  has  been  made 
to  find  it. 

The  Klamath,  Scott,  Shasta,  and  Salmon 
rivers  are  running  red  with  placer  dirt. 

Ju  1803  one-sixth  of  all  the  gold  in  the  State 
received  at  the  Mint,  came  from  Siskiyou  and 
Trinity  counties. 

Extensive  mining  operations  are  contem- 
plated in  the  vicinity  of  Callahan's  ranch,  in 
the  southern  part  of  this  county.  Large 
tracts  of  old  drifting  ground  has  been  acquired, 
and  a  long  ditch  is  to  be  constructed  bringing 
water  from  the  south  fork  of  Scott  river  and 
Jackson  lake,  and  the  property  hydraulicked 
on  an  extensive  scale.  The  enterprise  is  in 
charge  of  the  same  parties  that  brought  water 
in  by  an  eleven  mile  ditch  from  Canyon  creek 
to  a  1300-acre  tract  near  Junction  City  in 
Trinity  county,  and  sold  the  same  when  in 
operation  to  a  French  syndicate. 
Work  of  digging  the   fifteen  mile  ditch  to 


carry  water  from  Clear  creek  to  the  Frazier 
diggings  on  the  lower  Klamath,  is  being 
pushed  to  completion. 

Messrs.  Songer  and  Dame  of  Ashland. 
Oregon,  who  have  leased  the  McConnell  and 
and  Quinn  and  Pacific  mines  on  the  Klamath 
river  at  the  mouth  of  Humbug  creek,  have 
gotten  them  almost  ready  to  commence  opera- 
tions. The  former  mine  has  in  fourteen  sea- 
sons produced  $300,000  and  but  four  of  the 
forty  acres  have  been  worked. 

J.  M.  Patterson,  of  Sawyer's  Bars  has 
purchased  the  six-foot  ledge  known  as  the 
Swede  prospect,  and  expects  to  push  work  on 
aud  make  some  money  out  of  his  new  claim. 
The  Golden  Everett  mine  has  started  up  and 
also  the  mill.  The  Uncle  Sam  mine  and  mill 
are  under  full  headway,  and  the  mining  out- 
look in  general  throughout  that  country  never 
looked  more  promising,  and  the  residents  feel 
highly  elated.  The  Corbin  &  Fitz  mine  is 
preparing  to  start  soon,  and  there  is  talk  of 
putting  ou  thirty  or  forty  men. 

Trinity. 

Center  and  Vicinity,  —  Journal:  The 
Trinity  Gold  Placer  Syndicate  have  had 
twenty-two  men  employed  all  winter  on  their 
property  on  Coffee  creek  on  very  good  gravel, 
taking  out  an  average  of  $10  per  day  to  the 
man.  Last  fall  pipe  was  laid  and  other 
ditches  cleaned  out  preparatory  to  sluicing  in 
the  spring.  The  company  will  employ  forty 
or  fifty  meu  there  this  summer. 

The  Rainbow  Company  have  opened  a  drift- 
ing claim  ou  the  old  Henley  claim  on  Coffee 
creek.  They  are  getting  out  timbers  and 
will  push  work  rapidly  as  soon  as  the  ground 
is  sufficiently  dry. 

At  Cinnabar,  the  Altoona  Company  have 
had  sixty  men  at  work  all  winter.  A  shaft 
has  been  sunk  135  feet  below  the  old  workings 
and  levels  run  from  the  bottom  of  the  shaft, 
striking  two  large  ore  bodies,  a  ledge  of  hard 
cinnabar  ore  twenty  feet  in  width,  both  very 
rich  in  quicksilver.  Tunnels  are  being  run 
and  the  property  is  being  thoroughly  devel- 
oped. The  furnaces  are  in  operation  and  are 
turning  out  a  stream  of  quicksilver.  A  defect 
in  the  flue  of  the  furnace  retarded  the  produc- 
tion of  metal  last  winter,  but  that  is  now 
remedied  and  the  furnace  is  run  to  its  full 
capacity.  The  company  will  sink  the  main 
shaft  deeper  and  show  up  the  immense  ore 
bodies  of  the  mine.  They  have  on  the  mine 
hoisting,  sinking  and  pumping  machinery  to 
sink  the  shaft  to  a  depth  of  1000  feet.  At  the 
integral  mine  six  men  are  at  work  prospect- 
ing and  doing  development  work  and  taking 
out  ore.  More  men  will  be  put  on  soon  and 
work  will  be  pushed. 

The  Brown  Beak. -The  Brown  Bear  Com- 
pany have  cut  the  ledge  in  the  Monte  Cristo 
in  the  lower  crosscut  from  the  lower  tunnel— 
about  100  feet  lower  than  the  mill.  The  ledge 
is  four  or  five  feet  wide,  rich  in  free  gold  and 
sulphurets. 

Tuolumne. 

TukSoulsby  Mine.— E.  H.  Schaeffle  has  in- 
terested Michigan  lumber  capitalists  in  the 
famous  old  Soulsby  mine  of  Tuolumne  county. 
Their  superintendent,  Mr.  Alvin  Lundberg, 
with  his  engineer,  Mr.  Roth,  are  now  on  the 
mine  arranging  for  its  reopening.  The  Souls- 
by Cons.,  when  in  operation,  was  the  leading 
miue  of  the  county  and  yielded  about  three 
million  dollars  from  its  fifteen-inch  vein  of 
thirty-five-dollar  ore.  The  mine  was  then  a 
steady  yielder  of  large  dividends.  With  the 
improvements  that  have  since  followed  in  the 
methods  and  machinery  for  mining  and  mill- 
ing, coupled  with  the  great  reductions  in  the 
cost  of  all  operating  expenses,  and  with  four 
thousand  feet  of  virgin  ground  to  operate  in, 
the  mine  should  now  excel  its  former  record. 
Thus,  one  after  another,  the  famous  old  mines 
are  being  reopened— -first  the  abandoned  Ken- 
nedy, which  is  to-day  the  leading  mine  of 
Amador  county ;  then  the  Utica  of  Calaveras, 
now  the  banner  gold  mine  of  the  United 
States ;  then  the  Rawhide  of  Tuolumne,  now 
producing  the  richest  ore  of  any  mine  in  the 
State;  next  the  Hite  of  Mariposa,  Gwin  of 
Calaveras  and  now  the  old  Soulsby  of  Tuol- 
umne. All  that  any  of  these  mines  wanted 
was  depth,  which  has  brought  them  into  bo- 
nanza, and  with  modern  mining  and  milling 
methods  made  the  mines,  that  are  now  fully 
equipped  and  developed,  the  largest  dividend 
producers  of  the  State. 

The  Jumi'ek  Mine. —  hide  pendent:  A  rich 
strike  was  made  on  the  mother  lode  at  the 
above  mine,  at  Chilli  Hill,  last  week.  From 
the  result  of  one  blast,  in  the  No.  1  level, 
$3000  was  dislodged  and  daily  exceedingly 
rich  ore  is  coming  to  grass.  The  body  of  ore 
that  produces  this  rock  is  carried  eleven  feet 
wide,  but  it  is  believed  the  ore  body  is  much 
larger,  which  will  be  so  found  when  more 
fully  explored.  Judging  from  the  surface  in- 
dications, the  pay  belt  will  be  found  twenty 
or  more  feet  wide,  being  in  black  mineral 
slate  formation.  The  last  cleanup  from  their 
new  ten-stamp  mill  yielded  $12.50  per  ton.  A 
good  deal  of  the  rock  sent  to  the  mill  was  con- 
sidered as  waste.  The  result  surpassed  the 
owners'  most  sanguine  expectations.  None  of 
the  rich  rock  has  been  treated  as  yet,  of 
which  there  is  a  considerable  quantity  on 
hand  that  will  mill  $20,000  per  ton. 

NEVADA. 


700-foot  level  and  have  completed  3T  feet. 
During  the  week  have  shipped  to  the  Mexican 
milt  070  tons  of  ore  which  was  extracted  from 
the  openings  between  the  000  and  700  foot 
levels  and  from  above  the  000-foot  level.  The 
average  battery  for  the  week  was  $10.48,  of 
which  $0.35  was  gold. 

Belchek.— On  the  300-foot  level  the  joint 
Belcher  and  Seg.  Belcher  south  drift  is  iu  100 
feet  from  the  shaft;  the  face  shows  porphyry. 
Have  hoisted  during  the  week  fort  v-five  tons 
of  ore,  the  average  top-car  sample  of  which 
was  $10  20  per  ton.  Have  also  shipped  to  the 
Brunswick  mill  for  reduction  301  tons  of  ore. 

Seg.  Belcher.— On  the  200  foot  level  the 
southwest  crosscut  from  the  south  lateral  drift 
is  out  sixteen  feet;  the  face  shows  porphyry 
and  quartz  of  no  value.  Have  hoisted  during 
the  week  and  stored  in  the  orehouse  at  the 
mine  twelve  tons  of  ore,  the  average  car-sam- 
ple of  which  shows  an  assav  value  of  $34  46  per 
ton. 

Justice.— The  north  prospecting  drift  from 
the  bottom  of  the  Blaine  winze,  intermediate 
tunnel  level,  was  advanced  ten  feet.  On  the 
drain  tunnel  level,  between  No.  1  and  No.  2 
chutes,  they  are  sinking  a  winze  in  the  ore 
mentioned  in  the  last  weekly  report.  This 
winze  is  now  down  12  feet  in  fair-grade  ore. 

Savage.— On  the  050-foot  level  the  north 
lateral  drift,  started  from  the  west  side  of 
station,  is  advanced  25  feet  in  the  vein.  The 
east  crosscut,  started  from  the  south  drift  40 
feet  back  from  the  13th-f)oor  upraise,  was  ad- 
vanced 25  feet  when  it  reached  the  last  clay 
of  the  ledge  and  was  discontinued.  The  north 
drift,  started  from  the  east  crosscut,  fourth 
floor  of  north  upraise,  is  advanced  24  feet ; 
face  is  in  quartz  and  porphyry.  The  south 
drift  from  the  face  of  the  sill  floor,  southeast 
drift,  was  advanced  20  feet;  total  length,  100 
feet;  face  in  quartz,  giving  low  assays.  On 
the  1000-foot  level  they  are  extracting 
some  ore  on  the  Sth  floor  of  the  old  stopes. 
On  the  1050-foot  level  the  east  crosscut, 
started  on  the  fourth  floor,  300  feet  south  of 
the  shaft,  is  advanced  25  feet;  face  is  in 
quartz,  giving  low  assays.  Have  started  a 
west  crosscut  from  the  tenth  floor  of  the  south 
ore  slopes,  and  advanced  some  ten  feet  in 
quartz. 

LANDEIt    COUNTY. 

AcsTiN  Mill  to  Start.—  P.  L.  Farusworth 
says  the  mines  are  in  a  flourishing  condition. 
The  ore  produced  is  a  free-milling  silver  ore- 
one  of  the  cleanest  and  best  milling  ores  in 
the  State — and  on  this  product  the  company's 
mill  will  start  up  next  week. 

ALASKA. 

Prices  and  Prospects. —Juneau  yews, 
April  4  :  A  prospector's  supply  for  one  vear  in 
the  Yukon  country  should  consist  of  about 
the  following,  whereof  comparative  prices  are 
given  in  the  table  below  : 


a 

i 
i 

s 

3 

g 

S 

i 

g 

£ 

Articles. 

? 

Is 

- 

? 

1 

1 

5 

a 

c5 

= 

* 

Flour 

450|  2 

*    OS 

$9  00 

Sugar,  D.  G 

75    i'/. 

21 

■1  12 

Bacon,  side 

7510 

S5 

26  26 

Bacon,  breakfast 

25  l;l 

5f 

a  30 

Beans 

75  m 

11! 

2  62 

Dried  Apples 

25  III 

211 

2  50 

Peaches 

25  10 

Ml 

2  50 

ApricotB 

25  III 

SO 

2  50 

Prunes 

25  10 

ail 

2  50 

25 
15 

2  00 

5  00 

Split  Peas 

25   8 

Coffee,  ground 

in  25 

■10 

2  50 

green 

5  30 

Ml 

I  50 

in  m 

S  50 

ii  00 

7  50 
12  00 
10  00 

fi  on 

12  50 
30  ... . 

1  Oil 

Condensed  milk,  %  case 

Corned  Beef.  1  ease 

as 

Cornmeal 

10  3!4 

15 

Rolled  Oats 

HI    ;, 

15 

Oatmeal 

10    5 

In 

50 

15 

Evaporated  Potatoes 

1025  ' 

40 

Onions 

■>  .ill 

1  IKI 

Black  Pepper,  ground. . . 

2  50 

1    l«l 

Salt 

15  ty, 

Ill 

Mustard,  ground 

Uu 

1  110 

Allspice 

H  2:". 

50 

Cinnamon 

'■j.-.ll 

Sage 

«IS5 

5(1 

Butter,  roll 

1-110 

1   IKI 

Juneau  Camp  Stove 

3-um  BootB.  C  P 

canvas 

0 

Juneau  Sleigh 



KIT  70|*2S0  51) 

STOREY   COUNTY. 

The  following  official  reports  have  bae"n 
placed  on  file  in  their  respective  offices : 

Challenge.— From  the  surface  tunnel  the 
joint  Confidence  and  Challenge  raise  is  up  63 
feet ;  the  top  is  in  quartz  of  no  value. 

Crown  Point.— The  south  drift  from  the 
raise  on  the  700-foot  level  was  extended  to  a 
total  length  of  20  feet  and  connected  with  the 
fourth  floor  north  drift.  Work  was  resumed 
iu  the  raise  from  the  east  crosscut  from  the 
south  lateral  drift  on  the  700-foot  level,  and  it 
is  now  up  40  feet.  The  top  is  in  a  mixture  of 
porphyry,  claj'  and  seams  of  quartz.  Have 
been  engaged  in  retimbering  and  repairing 
the  south  drift  from  the  east  crosscut  on  the 


It  will  be  remembered  the  above  is  a  pretty 
comfortable  and  complete  outfit,  and  might  be 
cut  down  some;  however,  a  prospector  will 
find  use  for  it  all  if  he  has  it.  In  the  line  of 
dry  goods  and  clothing  add  75  to  125  per  cent 
and  you  approximate  Forty  Mile  prices. 

And  now  a  few  reasons  why  all  who  come  in 
should  either  bring  a  complete  outfit  with 
them  or  cash  to  buy  the  same  on  landing  here. 
There  are  only  two  companies  doing  business 
in  the  way  of  transporting  goods  to  this  coun- 
try; that  is  to  say,  from  St.  Michaels,  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Yukon,  to  Pelly  river,  a  distance 
of  1700  or  1800  miles.  The  Alaska  Commercial 
Company  runs  the  steamer  Arctic,  which  car- 
ries about  100  tons  of  freight  and  is  supposed 
to  make  three  or  four  trips  a  season  and  to 
land  enough  goods  to  supply  her  traders  with 
all  the  merchandise  their  customers  require, 
but  they  often  run  short.  The  Arctic  made 
three  trips  last  summer,  but  the  fourth  she 
failed  to  get  here.  This  was  truly  unfortu- 
nate for  Messrs.  McQuestou& O'Brien,  Harper 
&  Ladeau  and  Harper,  the  Commercial  Com- 
pany's traders.  The  Arctic  had  on  board  2000 
sacks  of  flour  and  a  proportionate  quantity  of 
other  supplies,  all  of  which  she  landed  at  Fort 
Yukon,  within  the  Artie  circle,  about  300  miles, 
bv  the  river,  below  Forty  Mile  and  about  80 
miles  below  Circle  City.  Last  fall  between 
the  two  trading  companies  some  prospectors 
got  their  full  supply  for  the  year,  but  there 
were  more  who  secured  only  a  partial  outfit — 


Ap.il  27   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


27 


iu  fuct  manj  were  out  down  t « «  Hw  pounds  Df 
Soar  and  sunn-  hard  tact,  with  ;i  few  pounds 
i>f  otber  provi  ions,  This  will  put  the  camp 
back  one  year,  no  doubt. 

No  one  sbould  think  ol  coming  here  unless 
he  i*-  a  strong,  ambitious  and  energetic  man, 
willing  t.i  work  bard  and  undergo  man;  hard- 
ships,  privations  and  disappointments  with- 
out  becoming   discouraged.     There  Is  much  ; 
bard  work  to  bo  done  b.v  the  prospeotor,   such 
as  put  in*.'  his  boat  up  rivers  and  croi  ks   to  the 
nearest   point    to  tne   locality    where  he   In- 
tends to  work  or  prospect,  and  from  the  land 
Ingbe  may  have  to  pack  tnrough  swamps  and 
over  mountains  from  ten  '<•  fifty  miles,  light- 
ing and  battling  more  mosqnitos,   black  gnats 
ami  blank  bugs  tbau  he  ever  saw.   m 
has  been  here  befuro. 

Prospectors  and   miners  who  have   been   in 

bore    i  avoid    much     hardship    bv 

sleighing  their  goods  to   winter  time  by  dog 

lulling  their   sleighs    themselves. 

Kn-itfhteis    whn    run    iln-r    trains     i-hur^    ten 

centi  per  pound  from  Porta  Mile  to  Franklin 
Gnlch,  85  miles  up  Kurty  Mile  river,  and  the 
tame  price  to  Miller  or  Glacier  creek,  on  tho 

head  of  Sixty  Mile  creek,  GOor  ;"  miles  dis- 
tant. To  have  goods  packed  to  these  places 
In  the  summer  time  costs  from  80  to  40  cents 
per  pound.  The  additional  price  is  owing  to 
rough  trails  through  marshes,  over  divides, 
crossing  creeks,  etc. 

Gold  has  been  found  on  the  bars  of  tho 
rTootalinqna,  a  distance  of  150  miles  above  its 
month,  but  not  In  paying  quantities.  At  the 
bead  of  the  river  there  are  some  large  lakes 
and  the  country  is  fiat  and  marshy.  The 
river  is  large  and  the  water  runs  swift,  mak- 
ine  it  hard  work  to  pole  up.  The  Little  and 
Big  Salmon  rivers  have  been  prospected  along 
the  bars  and  some  gold  taken  out. 

William  Ebner  has  Bold  to  the  Seattle  & 
Alaska  Mining  and  Milling  Company  the 
Tenuessee  and  Lindig  mines  in  St.  James 
Bay  district  for  80,000  shares  of  stock  in  same 
and  $2500  cash. 

ARIZONA. 

Kino  Solomon. —Reports  from  the  King 
Solomon  district,  ten  miles  east  of  El  Dorado, 
Ariz.,  are  to  the  effect  that  the  veins  lately 
uncovered  there  indicate  a  low  grade  of  por- 
phyry and  iron  formation,  showing,  by  assays, 
from  S2  to  816  per  ton  in  gold.  Some  are  of  the 
opinion  that  tho  ore,  of  which,  as  reported, 
there  is  nn  immense  quantity,  can  be  milled 
in  the  mountains,  while  others  contend  it  will 
have  to  be  brought  to  the  river.  Franconia, 
on  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific,  is  the  nearest 
station,  being  about  seven  miles  from  the 
district. 

Silver  King.— News  from  the  Silver  King, 
says  the  Florence  Tribune,  is  encouraging. 
The  recent  report  of  a  rich  strike  on  the  400- 
font  level  seems  to  have  a  good  foundation.  It 
is  said  that  native  silver,  similar  to  that 
which  made  the  "mine  famous,  has  again  been 
encountered  in  a  large  body.  Arrangements 
to  work  the.  mine  on  an  extensive  scale  are 
contemplated. 

TheAhica  Group.  — Miner:  A.  M.  Wells  of 
Denver,  as  agent  for  a  wealthy  syndicate  of 
New  York  and  Denver,  hasclosed  a  deal  with 
E.  H.  Hillerand  C.  H.  Gray  whereby  these 
gentlemen  convey  to  the  syndicate  the  group 
of  gold  mines  known  as  the  Arica  group.  The 
syndicate  will  begin  the  work  of  developing 
the  mines  at  once  by  building  a  railroad  from 
the  mines  to  the  Colorado  river  and  operate  a 
steamer  on  the  river.  A  twenty-five  stamp 
mill  will  be  erected  at  the  mine,  and  with  a 
large  force  of  men  and  plenty  of  money  to 
back  the  enterprise  these  mines  may  be  ex- 
pected to  add  much  to  the  output  of  gold  in 
the  Territory  for  the  future. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

Fairview.— The  Oro  Denard  mine  has  been 
bonded  by  W.  T.  Thompson  for  §30,000.  This 
is  one  of  the  largest  copper  claims  on  the  con- 
tinent, having  a  width  of  fiOO  or700feeton  the 
surface. 

The  Lead  King  mine  has  been  bonded  to 
Symonds  &  Wallace. 

Trail  Creek  Ore. —The  Trail  creek  ore  is 
dumped  into  wagons  when  it  leaves  the  mine, 
without  being  sacked  or  sorted,  says  the 
Rossland  Miner.  In  this  respect  it  differs 
from  the  high-grade  lead  ores  of  the  Slocan 
and  from  the  copper-silver  ore  of  Toad  moun- 
tain, which  are  both  carefully  sorted  before 
they  are  shipped.  The  ore  is  then. transported 
to  Northport,  where  direct  connection  is  made 
from  the  wagon  to  the  car,  or  to  Trail,  where 
a  transfer  by  steamboat  down  the  river  is 
necessary.  The  road  to  Northport  is  fifteen 
miles  long;  that  to  Trail  is  short  seven,  but 
the  transfer  adds  an  extra  dollar  to  the  cost 
of  shipment,  and  other  things  being  even,  all 
the  ore  would  go  by  Northport.  But  other 
things  are  not  even,  for  the  Northport  road 
is  in  very  bad  shape,  and  will  remain  bad  till 
the  spring  rains  are  over.  It  does  not  pay 
teams  to  haul  ore  now,  unless  they  have 
freight  to  bring  back. 

The  ore  is  then  shipped  by  rail  to  the 
smelter.  Most  of  it  hitherto  has  gone  either 
to  the  Montana  Sampling  and  Refining  Works 
at  Great  Falls,  or  to  the  Tacoma  smelter.  Be- 
cause of  its  excess  of  iron,  which  amounts  to 
about  25%,  the  ore  is  exceedingly  valuable  to 
the  smelters  as  a  flux,  and  as  it  saves  them 
buying  iron  ore  they  are  willing  to  pay  a  pre- 
mium for  it.  Before  the  ore  can  be  smelted 
the  sulphur  has  to  be  roasted  out  of  it,  and 
after  roasting  it  is  mixed  with  silver  ores  and 
smelted. 

COLORADO. 

PARK    COUNTY, 

Alma  districts  have  eight  mills  and  concen- 
trating plants,  and  one  sampling  works,  with 
plenty  of  milling  and  shipping  ore  in  sight, 
says  the  Park  County  Bulletin.  Most  of  the 
largest  bodies  of  ore  are  gold  bearing,  while 
others  are  rich  in  silver  and  carry  a  small  per- 
centage of  gold,  with  heavy  percentages  of 
lead  and  iron.  Smelters  are  treating  some  of 
the  Alma  ores  now  free,  and  others  at  as  low 
a  rate  as  §1.50  per  ton,  and,   with  the  low 


I  rates,  what    more   could    be  asked  or 
ra  boom  starter. 

IDAHO. 

Tin:  TiGRR.  Sffnei  They  are  building  a 
new  ore  bin  wbiohwil]  hold  aboul  500  ions, 
sufBoienl  For  a  several  days'  tun  of  the  concen- 
trator. The  Tiger  is  now  employing  sixty- 
flve  men  all  bold. 

ThsGsm  The  shaft  at  the  Gem  mine  has 
been  sunk  to  o.  depth  of  100  feel  below  the 
first  level  from  the  tunnel,  or  235  reet  below 
the  tunnel  level.  Then-  a  crosscut  will  be 
run  tothe  lode. 

Thk  PtMHcM an.  The  J\w>nnaii  has  about  1st.) 
men  on  its  payroll.  The  monthly  disburse- 
ment is  about  180,000. 

The  continued  operation  of  the  mines  at 
Burke,  when  a  number  of  the  leading  mines 
throughout  the  country  have  been  obliged  to 
close  on  account  of  low  prices  of  the  metals,  is 
presumptive  evidence  of  the  great  value  of 
the  mines. 

Reclaiming  Amalgam.— A  Scotch  company 
is  putting  in  a  big  bedrock  Hume  on  Bear 
creek,  near  Rocky  bar.  The  flume  has  already 
been  built  a  considerable  distance,  and  its 
construction  has  developed  a  most  interesting 
fact,  but  not  an  unexpected  one.  Iu  the 
early  days  there  was  a  number  of  arras tras 
and  quartz  mills  in  operation  on  the  creek 
above  the  point  where  work  on  the  flume  is 
now  being  done.  Large  quantities  of  amalgam 
had  been  allowed  to  escape  into  ihe  creek, 
and  it  was  thought  enough  could  be  secured 
by  meaus  of  a  flume  to  make  the  enterprise 
remunerative,  even  though  no  other  gold 
were  discovered.  Already  considerable  amal- 
gam has  been  taken  out,  and  the  flume  is 
still  two  miles  below  the  point  where  most  of 
the  mills  and  arrastras  were  located.  It  is 
estimated  there  is  at  least  250,000  pounds  of 
amalgam  in  the  creek  that  can  be  saved  by 
means  of  tho  flume.  Every  100  pounds  of  the 
amalgam  contains  about  five  pounds  of  gold, 
or  about  $1250. 

MONTANA. 

Pipestone  District.— The  Columbia  mine, 
in  the  Pipestone  district,  is  sold,  says  the 
Zephyr,  to  C.  E.  Van  Zandt,  of  Butte,  for  ?20,- 
000.  Stamps  will  soon  be  dropping  on  the 
Columbia  ore. 

Boston  &  Montana.— It  is  thought  that 
the  next  dividend  on  Boston  &  Montana 
stock  will  be  $2  per  share,  payable  in  May. 
The  rise  in  the  price  of  silver  is  a  good  thing 
for  the  Montana  and  the  Butte  mines,  as 
they  produce  a  large  amount  of  the  white 
metal.  The  Montana  produces  about  15,000 
ounces  monthly  and  the  Butte  90,000  ounces. 
Each  advance  of  one  cent  in  price  of  silver 
means  a  much  larger  revenue  for  those 
two  companies  without  any  additional  ex- 
pense. With  silver  at  07  cents,  the  Butte's 
income  from  its  silver  must  be  $700,000  per 
annum,  which  is  equivalent  to  $3.50  per  share 
on  the  stock. 

At  Lump  Gulch.— Review:  A  new  kind  of 
mineral  known  as  molybdenite  has  been  dis- 
covered in  Lump  gulch  in  the  G.  and  P.  mine, 
owned  by  Thomas  Greenwood.  This  rare 
metal  very  much  resembles  antimony  and 
occurs  in  short  or  tubular  hexagonal  prisms, 
and  is  valued  at  §58  per  pound  in  Germany. 

Bought  the  McVey  Property.— Helena 
Independent:  Charles  D.  McLure  of  the  Bi- 
Metallic  and  Granite  mines  has  purchased  the 
McVey  property,  adjoining  the  Chili,  situated 
at  Sand  creek,  Granite  county.  This  pro- 
perty runs  about  $109  in  gold.'  The  shaft  is 
down  about  300  feet.  $12,000  was  the  amount 
reported  for  it. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

General  Notes.  —  Cerillos  Rustler:  The 
machinery  for  increasing  the  daily  capacity  of 
the  Fitzgerald  test  works  at  Golden  is'  in 
place. 

James  M.  Lucas,  who  has  been  running  a 
stamp  mill  on  the  Puerto  for  some  eighteen 
months  with  very  satisfactory  results,  made  a 
cleanup  last  week.  The  proceeds  of  a  fifteen- 
days'  run  were  an  even  $1500.  That  is  pretty 
good — $100  a  day— with  a  small,  cheap  five- 
stamp  mill. 

New  Mexican:  There  are  now  working  in 
the  Pinos  Altos  camp  four  quartz  mills  and 
one  at  Silver  City  working  on  Pinos  Altos  ore. 
There  are  about  200  men  employed  in  the 
camp,  all  working  on  contract  and  making 
good  wages.  The  men  are  breaking  ore  by 
the  ton  and  driving  drifts,  etc.,  by  the  foot. 
The  ores  are  not  to  say  very  high  grade,  but 
can  be  worked  at  a  fair  profit.  The  veins  are 
true  fissure  veins,  in  granite  and  porphyry. 
At  a  depth  of  600  feet  the  fissures  are  as  well 
defined  as  at  the  surface. 

New  Dry-Washer.— A  New  Mexico  man 
has  patented  a  dry-washer,  designed  to  save 
all  the  gold,  both  flour  and  nuggets,  in  the 
sand  without  the  use  of  water  and  quicksilver. 
It  consists  of  a  sand-roaster  discharging  into  a 
nugget  separating  machine  leading  to  convey- 
ors connected  by  elevators  with  the  upper- 
most of  a  series  of  screens  one  above  the  other, 
each  having  riffles  to  retain  the  gold  and  an 
outlet  for  the  tailings.  The  screens  are  grad- 
uated and  each  has  a  hopper  discharging  into 
the  neoct  lower  screen.  The  machine  is  run 
by  a  team  attached  to  sweeps. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

A  Kaleigh  dispatch  says:  Gold  miners 
from  the  West  are  arriving  at  Piedmont 
section  of  North  Carolina  and  there  is  an 
outbreak  of  mining  fever.  The  discovery 
of  a  nugget  weighing  eight  pounds  five 
ounces  in  Stanley  county  has  increased  inter- 
est in  mining, 

OREGON. 

Jackson  and  Josephine  Counties.— Dysert 
&  Miller  are  opening  some  promising  placer 
mines  on  Jack's  creek  in  Josephine  county, 
which  they  expect  to  work  on  an  extensive 
scale  next  season.  They  are  building  a  ditch 
to  carry  water  from  Jump-off-Joe  creek. 

Dugan  &  Colvig  have  a  small  force  at  work 
developing  their  quartz  ledge  west  of  Jack- 


sonville, which  is  getting  richer  and   better 
defined.     They    arc   exhibiting  somi 
flue  ore. 

Capt,  Nash  was  at  Althouse,  Josephine 
COUUtV,  last  week,  where  he  put  a  hydraulic 
plant  into  shape  for  the  Roaeburg  company 
which  is  operating  in  that  section.  They 
have  a  supply  of  water  and  plenty  of  ground". 

The  uld  channel  in  Humbug  district,  Apple 
gate  precinct,  vyhiob  was  bo  rich  in  early  days, 
has  again  bi-eii  discovered  by  a  miner 'named 
Poole,  who  has  been  drifting  there  For  some 
tune  past.  He  has  taken  out  about  $1500 
since  he  struck  it. 

ClNNJJtR  Mini:.— Ashland  Tidings:  The 
Minneapolis  people,  who  had  Hill's  cinnabar 
mine  on  upper  Wagner  creek  bonded,  allowed 
the  bond  to  lapse  last  month.  Hill  has  since 
been  running  a  new  tunnel  in  on  the  ledge. 
The  ore  carries  gold  as  well  as  quicksilver. 

UTAH. 

Centennial-Eukeka  Mill.— It  is  more  than 
likely,  says  the  Tribune,  that  the  prosperous 
Tintio  district  will  have  another  big  reduction 
plant  before  the  season  is  over.  The  Centen- 
uial-Eureka  Company  has  about  decided  to 
erect  a  concentrator,  for  the  purpose  of  hand- 
ling the  large  amount  of  concentrating  ore 
that  the  mine  is  producing  now.  The  mill  will 
be  of  at  least  100  tons  capacity,  but  no  definite 
plans  have  yet  been  decided  upon. 

The  strike  recently  reported  on  the  1000 
level  of  the  Centennial-Eureka  is  not  consid- 
ered by  local  stockholders  a  matter  of  unusual 
importance.  New  bodies  of  high-grade  ore  are 
constantly  being  developed,  they  say,  and 
have  become  quite  an  ordinary  matterin  this 
mine,  which  has  become  one  of  the  great  pro- 
ducers of  the  country.  The  regular  monthlv 
dividend  of  II  per  share  was  paid  ou  Monday, 
§30,000  being  distributed.  The  Centennial- 
Eureka  is  now  the  banner  dividend-payer  of 
Utah,  but  the  Silver  King  and  Bullion-Beck 
will  give  it  a  close  race  for  first  place  before 
the  year  is  ended. 

WASHINGTON. 

On  the  Chewahwah.- Messrs.  Wilson  & 
Powers  of  Seattle  have  a  force  of  ten  men  at 
work  establishing  hydraulic  works  with  which 
to  engage  in  placer  mining  on  the  Chewahwah 
and  expect  to  be  washing  black  sand  in  copious 
quantities  by  the  1st  of  June.  It  is  asserted 
that  from  twenty  to  thirty  good  colors  can  be 
obtained  in  every  pan. 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 


l  in  Mont,;., 


ry  Street,  Ban  Frauclnco. 


Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 


Assay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES    PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

BLUESTONE,    LEAD    PIPE.    SHEET    LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD    SHOT-GUN     CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chain berlln  Patent. 


THE  CALIPORNI\  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav- 
ing received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  T.  G.  Phelps.  In  the  Liberty  Hill  mine 
Nevada  Co..  and  John  Spaulding,  fn  the  Polar  Star 
mine,  near  Dutch  Flat,  Placer  Co.,  to  Impound  tail- 
ings behind  the  Liberty  Hill  dam.  In  Bear  river- 
and  from  Ah  Wine.  In  the  St.  Lawrence  mine,  near 
Moon-H  Flat,  Nevada  Co..  to  Impound  tailing's  be- 
hind brush  dam  in  Illinois  canyon,  gives  notice  that 
a  meeting  will  be  held  at  Room  92,  Flood  Building 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  May  13,  1895,  at.  1:30  P.  m. 


F=*OR     SALE. 
ONE    AIR    COHPRESSOR, 

With  Engine  and  Tank  Complete  and   13   Burleigh 
Drills,  DO  miles  from  Tucson,  A.  T.    Address 


e.  w. 


BOWERS, 

Tucson,  A.  T. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

mine  and   mill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 
63  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  FranclBCo. 
<N*r^      We  would  call  the  attention 


of  Assayers,  Chemists,  M 1  n-  CSjVLC .C^) 
lng  Companies,  Milling  Ctorn-  \Xrr— rr^7 
panies,  Prospectors,  etc,  to    \g""?fy 
our   full    stock   of    Balances,  — 

Furnaces, Muffles,  Crucibles,  Scorl  tiers,  etc. 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.     Also  for  E.  G.  Denniston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.    The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and    full    weight   of   Silver   guaranteed.     Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.    Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


HENDRIE& 
B0LTH0FF 
MFfJ.CO. 
DENVER 
COLO. 


INUENTORS.      Take      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

226  Market  ST.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
Francisco.    Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds  i 
of  modelB.    Tin  and  brasswork.    All  communlea-  I 
tions  strictly  cnntidentl il. 


The  Oriental  Gas  Engine 

IS  THE  BEST  be- 
cause it  combines 
simplicity  of  con- 
struction with  power 
and  economy  of  space. 
It  can  be  run  with 
natural  or  manufac- 
tured gas  or  gasoline. 

It  can  be  used  for 
pumping  purposes,  as 
well  as  for  all  pur- 
poses where  a  perfeot 
engine  is  required. 
w\  th  the  advantage 
of  lessening  the  risk 
of  explosions.  No 
licensed  engineer  at 
a  high  salary  needed 
to  operate  it. 

Send  for  circulars 
and  prices  if  a  good 
safe  engine  is  what 
you  need. 

The  Oriental  Launch  is  perfection. 
M.  A.  GRAHAM, 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer, 
105  Heale  Street San  Francisco. 


F-OR     SALE. 

ONE    PUMPING     PLANT. 

One  Quadruple  Force  Pump;  twoCornishPumps; 
one  Corliss  Engine,  150-horse  power;  and  five  miles 
|  of  4-inch  Pipe  with  converse  look  joint.    Address 


E. 


w.  BOWERS, 

Tucson, 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 


I 


AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells_and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  arc  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H,  D.  MORRIS  4  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


Stamp  Cam 


FRANCIS     SMITH     &     CO., 


-MANTJffACTDREBS  OF- 


r="OR     TO\A/rs|     \A//\TER     W/ORK.S. 

Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes. 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  out,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup- 
plied for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required.  Are  prepared  for  coatlnff- all  sizes  of  Pipet 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Asphaltum, 


268 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  27,  1895. 


Electrical 


Progress. 


Tesla's  Oscillator. 


Countless  are  the  directions  in  which 
Nikola  Tesla  has  experimented,  but 
there  are  four  things  with  which,  in 
the  minds  of  people  familiar  with  his 
labors,  he  is  particularly  identified.  ! 
He  has  introduced  an  entirely  new  j 
system  into  the  operation  of  dynamos  ■ 
and  motors  by  causing  what  is  called  I 
the  :' magnetic  field  "  to  revolve  and  I 
drag  the  armature  along  with  it.  This 
is  an  improvement  of  immense  prac- 
tical importance  in  the  transmission 
and  use  of  alternating  currents  for 
power  purposes,  and  is  alone  sufficient 
to  render  him  famous  for  generations. 
He  has  shown  that  alternating  cur- 
rents of  tremendously  high  potentials 
may  be  handled  with  practical  impunity 
under  certain  circumstances — an  ex- 
ceedingly brilliant  achievement,  al- 
though of  less  practical  value  than 
some  others.  Then  he  has  very  nearly, 
if  not  quite,  solved  the  problem  of  pro- 
ducing electric  light  without  heat — an 
object  which  numerous  scientists  have 
eagerly  sought  with  little  result  so  far, 
but  which  is  highly  desirable  in  the 
interests  of  economy,  to  say  nothing  of 
safety  and  beauty.  Finally,  he  has  in- 
vented a  combination  of  steam  engine 
and  dynamo,  called  an  "oscillator," 
which  is  designed  greatly  to  simplify 
the  mechanism  necessary  in  generating 
electricity,  and  hence  to  revolutionize 
that  art."  Several  specimens  of  this 
device,  differing  among  themselves  in 
form  but  not  in  principle,  were  publicly 
exhibited  and  explained  by  Mr.  Tesla 
nearly  two  years  ago.  He  has  since 
improved  it  in  detail,  with  a  view  to 
still  greater  simplicity  and  efficiency, 
and  it  is  said  that  just  before  the  fire 
which  destroyed  his  laboratory,  a  few 
weeks  ago,  this  invention  had  reached 
such  a  degree  of  perfection  that  it  was 
ready  for  the  commercial  stage  of  its 
career.  Although  some  of  its  less  im- 
portant features  are  still  kept  private, 
and  while  it  is  impossible  yet  to  meas- 
ure with  accuracy  the  possibilities  of 
its  usefulness,  the  oscillator  is  just  now 
attracting  renewed  attention  and  pro- 
voking much  enthusiasm  among  elec- 
trical engineers. 

The  fundamental  idea  of  this  machine 
is  that  the  coils  of  wire  in  which  a  cur- 
rent is  excited  are  moved  to  and  fro 
horizontally,  instead  of  being  whirled 
around  by  a  rotating  shaft.  What 
electricians  call  the  "field"  is  the  area 
in  front  of  the  poles  or  pole  pieces  of  a 
magnet.  Out  into  that  space  there  ex- 
tend invisible  "lines  of  force."  If  a 
piece  of  soft  iron  be  moved  transversely 
past  these  poles,  and  near  them,  cut- 
ting the  lines  of  force,  it  is  momentarily 
magnetized  by  induction:  and  in  any 
coil  of  insulated  copper  wire  surround- 
ing it,  there  is  induced,  for  the  same 
brief  instant,  an  electric  impulse.  In 
the  ordinary  dynamo  a  ring  of  soft  iron 
is  used  instead  of  a  bar,  a  number  of 
connected  coils  are  wound  on  it,  and 
the  -whole  "  armature"  is  revolved  be- 
tween and  in  very  close  proximity  to 
the  field  magnets;  but  Mr.  Tesla  winds 
his  coils  on-  a  straight  bar,  and  oscil- 
lates the  latter  between  his  magnets. 
By  this  change  of  method,  he  is  able  to 
accomplish  several  things  not  secured 
by  the  ordinary  dynamo. 

One  of  the  most  exquisitely  beautiful, 
as  well  as  essential,  features  of  the  os- 
cillator is  yet  to  be  mentioned.  It  is 
desirable  that  the  frequency  of  the 
al  ternations  in  a  current — its ' '  period , ' ' 
as  the  experts  call  it — shall  remain 
constant  in  the  face  of  all  variations  of 
"  load,"  or  work  demanded  of  it.  This 
can  be  regulated  with  a  spring  of  the 
proper  stiffness  attached  to  the  oscil- 
lating rod.  An  "air  spring,"  consist- 
ing of  a  piston  inside  an  air-tight  cyl- 
inder, may  be  made  to  perform  this 
office,  and  the  supplementary  cylinder 
may  be  situated  either  close  to  the 
working  cylinder  or  at  some  distance 
away,  both  pistons,  however,  being  se- 
cured to  the  same  rod.  Again,  proper 
air  chambers  at  the  end  of  the  working 
cylinder  may  be  made  to  serve  as 
springs.  By  proportioning  the  size  of 
the  chamber  of  the  air   spring   to   the 


weight  of  the  moving  parts,  the  desired 
period  is  produced.  Greater  or  less 
pressure  of  steam  and  any  fluctuation 
in  load  may  affect  the  length  of  the 
stroke,  but  not  the  frequency.  There 
is  still  another  mode  of  regulating  the 
vibrations.  It  has  been  shown  that 
electrical  currents  exhibit  certain  phe- 
nomena resembling  those  of  sound.  A 
circuit  of  a  given  "capacity"  and 
"potential"  is  more  favorable  to  vi- 
brations of  one  frequency  than  any 
other.  An  instrument  known  as  the 
"  condenser  "  can  be  introduced  iuto  an 
electrical  circuit  to  "  tune"  the  latter 
to  the  desired  frequency  of  oscillation— 
.thirty,  fifty,  eighty  or  any  other  num- 
ber per  second.  Mr.  Tesla  has  applied 
this  principle  of  "resonance  "  to  some 
of  his  experimental  oscillators,  and  thus 
imparted  to  his  apparatus  a  selective 
affinity  for  whatever  rate  of  vibration 
he  wants.  This  is  an  automatic  gov- 
ernor which  corrects  any  tendency  to 
fall  below  or  exceed  the  required  speed. 
With  such  precision  will  this  period  be 
maintained  that  a  clock  may  be  driven 
with  an  oscillator  and  keep  good 
time.  

Reducing  Electric  Voltages. 


There  are  several  reasons  why  it  may 
be  desirable  at  times  to  change  the 
voltage  of  an  electric  current.  Per- 
haps for  convenience  in  transmission, 
a  higher  voltage  is  used  thau  is  re- 
quired by  the  consumer,  and  hence  re- 
duction is  necessary  at  the  end  of  the 
line.  Again,  several  users,  having  a 
common  source  of  supply,  may  require 
different  voltages.  The  so-called 
"transformer,"  used  only  with  an  al- 
ternating current,  consists  of  a  motion- 
less piece  of  apparatus— two  coils  of 
insulated  copper  wire,  one  inside  of 
the  other.  The  primary  current  Hows 
in  one,  and  the  secondary,  or  iuduced, 
current  in  the  other;  and  the  propor- 
tion between  the  voltages  of  the  two  is 
regulated  by  that  between  the  number 
of  turns  of  wire  in  the  respective  coils. 
But  this  mechanism  will  not  do  for  a 
continuous  current.  Instead,  it  is  cus- 
tomary to  use  a  combination  of  motor 
and  dynamo,  called  the  motor-dynamo. 
This  calls  for  two  sets  of  windings  with 
wire  on  the  armature  or  rotating  part, 
the  primary  current  flowing  in  the  one 
and  the  secondary  in  the  other.  There, 
again,  the  respective  voltages  are  pro- 
portioned to  the  number  of  turns  of 
wire  in  the  coils.  Two  commutators 
are  necessary,  too,  on  the  axle,  one 
leading  the  primary  current  in  and 
out,  and  the  other  serving  the  second- 
ary current  similarly.  In  both  the  in- 
duction coil  and  the  motor-dynamo, 
such  conversion  as  has  just  been  de- 
scribed alters  the  amperage  (volume) 
at  the  same  time  as  the  voltage  (pres- 
sure), but  in  the  opposite  direction. 

It  is  announced  that  a  new  device 
for  transforming  a  continuous  current 
has  been  invented  by  J.  J.  Hogan,  who 
is  connected  with  the  mechanical  de- 
partment of  the  psychological  labora- 
tory of  Yale  University.  It  is  said  to 
be  much  more  simple  and  inexpensive 
than  the  motor-dynamo,  but  equally 
effectual.  Within  a  few  days  tests  of 
the  apparatus  have  been  made  in  the 
presence  of  expert  electricians,  repre- 
senting various  telegraph  and  tele- 
phone companies;  and  these  men  are 
quoted  as  admitting  that  the  invention 
is  a  bona  fide  affair,  and  not  a  "  fake  " 
nor  the  product  of  a  crank's  fancy.  It 
is  claimed  also  that  Mr.  Hogan's 
method  wastes  less  current  than  the 
one  which  it  is  designed  to  replace. 
Still  further,  it  is  adapted  to  the  reduc- 
!  tion  of  any  voltage,  no  matter  what,  to 
j  anj'  other  voltage.  This  is  an  import- 
ant advantage,  since  the  motor-dyna- 
mo has  to  be  wound  with  special  refer- 
ence to  the  work  it  does,  and  then  will 
reduce  only  from  a  given  figure  to  an- 
other predetermined  figure.  Mr.  Ho- 
gan's apparatus  is  universal  in  applica- 
tion, and  is  regulated  by  the  simple 
turn  of  a  thumb-screw.  For  the  pres- 
ent, however,  he  prefers  not  to  have  a 
detailed  description  published.  Finally, 
it  is  claimed  that  this  converter  does 
not  raise  the  amperage  when  reducing 
the  voltage,  but  leaves  the  former  un- 
changed. 


PROSPECTING 

Mechanics;    Mechanical   Drawing,'   Electricity;    Architecture:   Architectural   Drawing  and    f. 
Designing;  Masonry;  Carpentry  'and  Joinery ;  Ornamental  find  structural  Iron  Work;  'steam    ' 
Engineering  (Stationary.  Locomotive  or  Marine);  Railroad  Engineering;  Bridge  Engineering; 
Municipal  Engineering;  Plumbing  and  Heating;  Goal  and  Metal  Mining,  and  the  English 
Branches.    Blowpiping  outfit  and  mineral  specimens  free  to  students     Send  for  Free  Cir- 
culars, stating  the  subject  you  wish  to  study,  to 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranton,  Pa. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 


121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0. 


<  Caxton  Blk„  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


SPECIALTIES: 

AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM. 
BALL  PULVERIZER. 

The  simplest,  cheapest  and 
best  machines  in  the  mar- 
ket. Pulverize  wet  or  dry 
to  any  degree  of  fineness. 
M.ike  little  or  no  slimes  in 
wet  nor  dust  in  dry  work. 
Four  sizes,  capacity  from  'i 
to  GO  tons  per  day. 

SEND     FOR     CATALOGUE. 

Cable  Address.  American. 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal  > 

Awarded  Dy  "World's 

Fair,  1893. 


Office  of  The  Cleveland  Iron  Ore! 
Paint  Co.  and  The  Garry  Iron  I 
Roofing  Co..  Cleveland.,  O..  [ 
Jan.  25. 18SU. 

The  American  Mining  A  Milling  Machinery 
Co.,  Cleveland,  O.: 
Gentlemen:— We  purchased  a    No,  2 

American  Rock  Breaker    and  a    No.  '2 

American   Bail    Pulverizer    from    your 

company  about  one  year  ago.  The  latter 

part  of  April.  1S9S,  we    started  up  for 

regular    work,    since    which    time    we 

have  run  both,  of  said  machines  to  the 

full  extent  of  our  demands  and  to  our 

entire  satisfaction.    The  first  TOO  tons  of 

hard  iron   ore  that  we  pulverized  for 

paint    purposes   was    ground    without 

taking  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  with- 
out expending  one  dollar  [or  repairs  for 

either    of    these    machines.    Of  the  700 

tons  spoken  of.  about  200  tons  was  Lake 

Superior  Specular  iron  ore.  containing 

some  TO  per  cent  iron:  a  very  difficult 
ore  to  pulverize.  The  remainder  was  a  red  fossiliferous  iron  ore. 
carrying  quite  a  per  cent  of  silex.  which  cuts  out  buhr-stones  rapidly. 
We  find  that  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when  new  5  in.  in  diameter, 
now  caliper  4%  in.,  and  are  perfectly  round  and  smooth.  The  grinding 
track  shows  very  little  wear,  and  the  driving  track  shows  less:  in 
fact,  the  wear  is  almost  Imperceptible.  These  two  machines  crush  and 
pulverize  more  than  one  ton  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.  We  do 
not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  compare  with  the  output  of  these  two  machines  in  quan- 
tity, quality,  Binall  amount  of  wear  and  tear,  and  like  power.  In  our  opinion,  you  cannot  recommend 
them  loo  highly.    Very  truly  yours,  Cleveland  Iron  Ore  Paint  Co. 

THE  JONES   ROCK   DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


THE  AM.  BALL  PULVERIZER. 
Morris  Patent. 


&&Wf&&£9±iS'ty&»^.  ■■ 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rook  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect 
or  in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

II"  you  are  interested  in 
Rock  Drilling;  Cornflipmid 
with   us. 

WE  CAN  SAYE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  MYr  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

OFFICE  AND  WAREROOMS: 

Care  PARKE  &  LACY  CO 21  and  23  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  its  Denver  Office. 


casgadTwater  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  •wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL & C0.Springfield,0hio,U.S A 


CHIME    WHISTLES 


A  thing  of  beauty  is  a  joy  forever. 

'^LUNKENHEIMER "  Single  Bell  Chime 
Whistles  are  warranted  to  please.  Constructed  on 
practical  principles,  producing  harmonious  sounds. 
Made  in  sizes  from  2  in.  to  10-in.  in  diameter,  with  or 
without  valve.  Bell  adjustable  to  any  pressure.  Also 
style  for  Locomotives. 

"LUNKENHEIMER'S"  on  your  Brass  Goods 
means  standard  of  merit. 

Catalogue  of  superior  steam  specialties  grttis  npon  request. 


April  27,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


209 


A    Machinist's    Arm    Filled    With 
Wire. 


Tin-  latest  surprise  in  surgical  opera 
tion,  says  ,i  New  York  dispatch,  i.->  the 
removal  >>f  eleven  feet  two  inches  '>f 

cteenth-inCD    wire    from   a  mans 

body.  This  operation  was  performed 
at  Bellevue  by  Dr,  Rathbun,  assisted 
by  the  house  stall.  The  ease  is  one  of 
the  most  peculiar  on  record. 

John  Scanlan,  a  machinist,  thirty 
years  old,  had  worked  several  years 
for  the  Hast  River  Lead  works. 
Anion"  other  things  manufactured 
there  is  lead  wire,  used  largely  for 
wrapping  purposes,  and  by  electricians. 
The  lead  wire  is  made  by  Forcing  a  mass 
bal  through  a  die  under  a  hydrau- 
lic pressure  of  600  tons.  The  metal  is 
hot,  but  cools  as  it  is  forced  through 
the  die  in  the  shape  of  a  wire.  Scanlan 
was  at  his  posl  The  machinery  sud- 
denly slopped.  The  man  leaned  for- 
ward and  grasped  the  wire  already 
through  when  there  was  a  loud  report; 
the  die,  or  a  portion  of  it,  was  blown 
out,  and  Scanlan  was  knocked  to  the 
floor.  When  he  recovered  from  his 
dazed  condition  he  felt  no  pain  except 
in  his  left  arm.  He  went  to  Bellevue 
hospital  a  few  hours  later,  where  the 
surgeon  found  a  small  abrasion  of  the 
skin  near  the  wrist  and  all  the  indica- 
tions of  a  fracture  of  the  elbow.  It  was 
determined  to  remove  the  portions  of 
shattered  bones  supposed  to  be  there 
and  Dr.  Rathbun  began  the  work. 
The  point  of  the  surgeon's  knife  had 
scarcely  gone  below  the  cuticle  when 
he  stopped,  looking  very  much  aston- 
ished. Then  he  pulled  out  a  piece 
of  lead  wire  and  kept  on  pulling  until 
out  of  the  three-inch  opening  in  the 
tiesh  over  eleven  feet  of  wire  were 
drawn.  Vet  there  had  not  been  the 
slightest  break  in  the  skin  or  wound  of 
any  kind,  except  the  little  abrasion  al-  j 
ready  alluded  to.  The  doctors  think 
that  Scanlan  took  hold  of  the  wire,  and 
the  explosion  following,  the  wire,  driven 
with  great  rapidity,  caught  on  his 
wrist  and  was  shot  into  his  arm,  as  by 
an  immense  hypodermic  syringe.  Being 
soft  and  malleable  it  struck  the  hume- 
rus probably  and  doubled  up  and  down 
the  forearm  and  was  imbedded  in  the 
muscles. 

The  Passing  of  the  Morse. 

A  prominent  electrical  company  has 
collected  some  startling  figures,  which 
show  the  almost  incalculable  influence 
of  the  introduction  of  the  electric  car, 
taken  merely  on  its  one  basis  of  re- 
placing the  horse  for  traction  pur- 
poses. It  is  estimated  that  electric 
cars  have  already  displaced  1,100,000 
horses,  and  this  estimate  is  manifestly 
far  below  the  actual  number.  The 
feeding  of  these  horses  would  entail 
the  consumption  of  500,000  bushels  of 
corn  or  oats  a  day.  The  animals  are 
now  back  on  grass,  and  the  enormous 
decrease  in  corn  and  oats  consumption 
caused  by  their  withdrawal  is  sufficient 
to  appreciably  affect  the  prices  of  those 
grains.  In  round  figures,  it  amounts  to 
180,000.000  bushels  a  year.  There  is 
another  view  of  this  subject,  the  signifi- 
cance of  which  will  be  probably  more 
apparent  a  few  years  hence  than  it  is 
even  now.  The  loss  of  commercial  de- 
mand for  these  coarse  grains  in  the 
cities  means  an  enormous  decrease  in 
the  tonnage  of  the  railroad  freight 
traffic.  This  failure  is  already  put  at 
a  minimum  of  250,000  carloads.  But  it 
is  not  only  in  public  traffic  that  the  day 
of  the  horse  is  waning.  In  some  cities 
the  electric  car  lines  have  been  so 
judiciously  distributed  and  give  such 
excellent  service  that  many  private 
families  have  given  up  their  carriages 
and  use  the  electric  cars  instead. 
In  many  places  the  business  of  the 
liverymen  is  practically  ruined  by  the 
electric  car,  and,  as  at  Niagara  Falls, 
the  formerly  arrogant  and  extortionate 
hackman  has  become  a  comparatively 
civil  and  temporizing  individual.  The 
electric  car  and  the  bicycle  have 
sounded  the  knell  of  the  horse  as  a  com- 
mercial factor. 


The  longest  dry-dock  in  the  world  is 
now  building  at  Glasgow,  Scotland.  It 
will  be  900  feet  over  all,  800  feet  from 
inside  face  of  caisson,  74   feet  in   width 


Power, 

/lining,    Hilling, 

Smelting,    Concentration 

and  Leaching  flachinery;  Re 

turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 

Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me= 

chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines, 

Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried  = 

ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines, 

Cornish   Pumps,    Roots   Blowers,   Copper 

Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,   Horseshoe 

Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers, 

Crushing    Rolls,   Stamp    Mills,   Shoes, 

Dies,    Perforated    /Metals,    Sectional 

/Machinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 

Vanners,     Bridgman    Samplers, 

Concrete   Mixers,   Heavy  Ha= 

chinery  and    Mine    Sup 

plies.  =  =  Write  for 

Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;    City  of  Mexico,  Mex.; 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,   Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.   S.  A.  ami 

43    Hi  read  needk-  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


:-:-^/ .  ••  . 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


■  M ANUFACTU  R  E  R.S     OF  - 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


OFFICE     AND     \A;ORK.S: 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

♦♦♦  A    SPECIALTY.  -f-f-f 
34     and     36     /V\e»in     Street,      San     Francisco,     Cat 


at  bottom  and  115  feet  at  top,  and  28 
feet  deep  from  average  high-water 
springs  to  floor.  The  entrance  is  to  be 
83  feet  wide,  with  perpendicular  sides, 
and  to  have  a  depth  of  2(i  feet  from 
average  high-water  springs  to  sill. 

The  Manufacture  Of  Wild  Men. 


There  are  many  curious  trades  in 
the  world,  but  the  most  strange  must 
surely  be  the  "artificial  manufacture 
of  wild  men."  Yet  a  well-known  En- 
glish doctor  in  China  has  just  certified 
from  his  own  personal  experience  that 
this  art  is  regularly  practiced  in  the 
Flowery  Kingdom. 

First  a  youth  is  kidnapped,  then  bit 
by  bit  he  is  flayed  alive,  and  the  skin  of 
a  dog  or  bear  grafted  piece  by  piece 
upon  him.  His  vocal  chords  are  next 
destroyed  by  the  action  of  charcoal  to 
make  him  dumb,  and  the  double  pur- 
pose of  causing  "etiolation''  of  the  skin 
and  utter  degradation  of  the  mental 
faculties  is  effected  by  keeping  him  im- 
mured in  a  perfectly  dark  hole  for  a 
number  of  years.  In  fact,  by  treating 
him  like  brute  for  a  sufficiently  long 
time  he  is  made  into  one. 

At  last  he  is  exhibited  to  the  entirely 
credulous  Chinese  as  a  wild  man  of  the 
woods,  and  his  possessors  reap  a  rich 
harvest. 

The  priests,  it  seems,  are  adepts  at 
the  art.  When  a  kidnapper,  however, 
is  caught  by  the  people  he  is  torn  to 
pieces,  and  when  the  authorities  get  him 
they  torture  him  and  promptly  behead 
him.  Such  is  life  under  the  rule  of  the 
Son  of  Heaven. 


P.  &  B.  PAINT. 

«*  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  Proof.  n». 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS  and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 

R.&  B.  ROOFING. 


Send  for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  i£*K^HL^ 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        40  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


A.Philadelphia  company  is  making 
paving  blocks  of  compressed  hay. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 


220  Market  St., 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


nwm   mm* 

Inventors  on  the  Paeilic  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  -associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi 
tal  cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  aud  Patent  Law  Li  ■ 
brary  and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  hxve  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
ue  offered  home  inveutors.  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  us  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage,    Address  DEW.EY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.Fr 


270 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  2?,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  FbancisCo,  April  25,  1895. 

Silver  holds  its  own,  and  a  little  more. 
That  speculation  more  than  permanent  ad- 
vance characterized  recent  operations  is  evi- 
denced by  its  unsteadiness.  It  is  stated  that 
China  is  to  have  six  years  in  which  to  pay  six 
installments  of  the  war  indemnity  of  266,000,- 
000  ounces  silver,  which  would  make  that  an 
additional  annual  purchase  of  80%  of  the  total 
product  of  this  country. 

A  recent  meeting  of  the  Southern  and 
Western  rolling  mill  men,  at  which  S7%  of 
the  total  output  was  represented,  it  was 
agreed  to  steadily  advance  prices  to  an  aver- 
age of  at  least  *10%.  Mills  are  rejecting 
prices  that  ruled  a  week  ago.  Pig  iron  has 
advanced  25  cents  a  ton. 

In  their  monthly  report  on  ores  and  metals, 
James  Lewis  &  Son,  of  Liverpool,  England, 
under  date  of  the  1st,  write :  Copper— After 
falling  8s  9d  per  ton  on  the  5th  ult.,  from  £39 
2s  6d  to  £3S  13s  9d,  good  merchantable  copper 
closes  Ss  9d  higher  for  the  past  month,  with 
buyers  of  cash  at  £39  lis  3d  per  ton.  English 
and  French  public  stocks  are  reduced  1755 
tons,  and  the  visible  supply  1855  tons ;  the  re- 
duction in  the  private  stocks  here  and  on  the 
continent  must  also  be  large.  The  advance  of 
3%d  per  ounce  in  silver  has  led  to  a  good  de- 
mand for  manufactured  copper  for  India,  while 
Birmingham  has  taken  considerable  quantities 
of  tough  and  best  selected,  and  France  has 
bought  electrolytic  copper.  In  American  cop- 
per about  2000  tons  of  Lake  and  1000  tons  of 
electrolytic  are  reported  as  having  been  sold 
to  the  continent.  After  declining  to  9.25 
cents  per  lb,  Lake  is  now  quoted  as  9.37% 
cents,  the  demand  for  home  consumption  hav- 
ing improved.  American  shipments  to  Europe 
for  the  past  month  are  only  3750  tons,  making 
14,423  tons  for  the  first  quarter  of  this  year, 
against  20,444  tons  for  the  same  period  last 
year.  Imports  are  1436  tons,  and  deliveries 
2517  tons  greater  to  date  than  during  the 
same  period  last  year.  The  arrivals  in  Eng- 
land from  Chile  during  the  month  have  been 
1055,  and  the  deliveries  819  tons  fine,  and  from 
other  countries  275S  and  3955  tons  fine  respect- 
ively. The  arrivals  in  England  from  the 
United  States  have  been  1064  tons  bars  and 
140  tons  matte,  equal  to  about  1105  tons  fine 
copper,  and  in  France  506  tons  fine.  Quota- 
tions to-day  are :  Chile  bars  and  good  mer- 
chantable copper  £39  lis  3d  for  cash,  and  £39 
18s  9d  for  three  months'  prompt,  buyers. 
English  best  selected  ingots  .£43  to  £43  10s, 
and  tough  cake  £42  10s  to  £43  per  ton.  7s  6d 
to  7s  9d  for  ore  of  20%,  and  7s  9d  to  8s  per  unit 
for  Chile  regulus  or  American  matte,  free 
from  silver. 

It  is  reported  in  England  that  the  recent 
scare  as  to  the  scarcity  of  platinum  was  got 
up  for  a  purpose,  and  that  the  increase  in 
price  was  due  to  a  combination  between  some 
English  users  of  the  ore  and  a  broker  in  St. 
Petersburg,  who  together  controlled  the  pro- 
duction and  got  up  a  "corner"  in  this  article. 
The  increase  in  price  has,  however,  provoked 
competition,  and  several  new  mines  have 
been  opened,  which  have  increased  the  pro- 
duction considerably.  There  are  now  at  least 
forty  mines  at  work  in  the  Ural  mountains, 
but  the  plant  employed  is  of  a  very  primitive 
character.  Some  of  the  mine  owners  have 
now  introduced  steam  power,  but  at  present 
the  sand  is  not  purified  at  the  works,  but  is 
being  sent  to  an  establishment  in  Germany, 
where  it  is  prepared  for  the  market.  The 
yield  of  crude  platinum  for  the  year  1891  from 
the  Ural  provinces  exceeds  90*00  pounds,  or 
fifty  per  cent  more  than  the  returns  for  the 
previous  year. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

New  Yohk,   April  25.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c;  American,  9.50@12.00c. 
COPPER — Brokers',  9.75c;  exchange,  9.55c. 
LEAD— Brokers',  82.95;  exchange,  $3.07%. 
TIN— Straits,  13.80®  13.90c. 
SPELTER— Domestic,  $3.20. 

New  York  Silver  Prices. 

New  Yoke,  April  25. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, Silver  in . 

London.    JLV.  Y.  Copper.      Lead. 

Friday 30^        66&  9  55         

Saturday 30M       56M  9  57H      3  07% 

Monday 30V4        6S"a  

Tuesday 30?i        66  %  

Wednesday 30%       66^  9  55         3  07% 

Thursday 30  tf       67  

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 7%o 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 10c 

London  Bankers'  60  days. $4.88?i 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.90 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 67c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 55@55% 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 


Per  lb.. 


@      1U 


BORAX. 


Refined,  in  car  lota —  @       5% 

Powdered,         "      —  @       51$ 

Concentrated,  "      —  @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt 20  @      _ 

Lake  Superior  Shea  thing 21  <§>     — 

Ingot,  jobbing —  @      16 

Ingot,  wholesale 13  @      14 

TIN  PLATE. 

P»r  ta 525  @800 

PIQ  TIN. 

Perlb 15  @    ia  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00  @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00  ®18  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14  @      ie 


Compile}  Every  Thnrsihlil  fr<i, 


Company  and  Location. 

Belcher  S  M  Co,  Nev 

Brunswick  Con  G  M  Co.  Cal 
Crown  Point  G  &  S  M  Co,  Nev.  .65. 

H  P  Taylor  M  Co,  Cal — . 

Iowa  M  Co,  Nev 20. 

La  Candelaria  M  Co,  Mex 8. 

Occidental  Con  M  Co,  Nev 18. . 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 65.. 

Overman.  Nev 73.. 

Savage  M  Co,  Nevada 86. 

Yellow  Jacket,  Nev 59. . 


Company  and  Location. 
Julia  Consolidated 


Advertlsementa  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Pree: 
ASSESSMENTS. 

Levied.  Delinq't  and  Site. 
Mar  5,  Apr  9.  Apr  30. . . . 
Mar  20,  Apr  20,  May  15 


ami  Other  Son   Franctecu  Jmirnats 


So. 
.50. 


Amt. 
. .25c. 
..  2c. 
.  .25c. 
..  4c 
. .  5c. 
..$2  . 
..10c. 

25c. 

10c. 
.20c. 

,25c. 


Secretary. 
„CL  Perkins,  309  Montgomery 
J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery 

Mar  12.  Apr  16,'May    7 Jas.  Newlands,  Mills  Building 

..Apr  19.  May  31,  Jul  26 J  Henry  Smith,  431  Calitornia 

Mar   6,  Apr     9,  Apr  27 R  L  Thomas,  419  California 

Mar    7,  Apr    9,  Apr  27 G  A  Hill,  22  Market 

Mar  20,  Apr  23,  May  15 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

April  4,  May   7,  May  27 E  B  Holmes,  50  Nevada  Block 

Apr    15,  May  21,  Jun  11 Geo  D  Edwards.  414  California 

Apr    19,  May  22,  Jun  11  E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

Apr    15,  May  21,  Jun  26 W  H  Blauvelt,  35  Mills  Building 

MEETING  (Special). 

Secretary  and  Ojfiee  in  s.  F.  Date. 

...J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery May  3 


LEAD. 

Pig —  @ 

Bar —  @ 

Sheet —  ® 

Pipe —  @ 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs . 
Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes, 
Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do.     "  "     . 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    ® 

COAL. 
SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington 

Greta 

Nanaimo 

Oilman 

Seattle 

Coos  Bay 

Cannel 

Egg,  hard 

Wallsend 

Scotch  Splint 

Brymbo 

West  Hartley 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  yt> 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00  @ 

Scotch  Splint 650  @ 

Cardiff 6  50  @ 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00  ® 

Cumberland 11  00  @ 

Egg,  hard 12  00  @ 

West  Hartley 7  00  @ 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c 

English,  to  load 900  @ 

"        spot,  in  bulk @ 

"        in  sacks (S> 

Cumberland BOO  @ 

LUMBER. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  — WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00    ® 

Pine 1300    ® 

Spruce 2500    @ 

NAILS. 

Wire 

Cut 

ZINC. 
Sheet 8M@ 


3  90 

4  20 

5  25 
4  75 

.$1  20 
.  1  45 
.  1  45 


*  8  00 
7  75 
6  50 
6  00 
6  25 

6  00 
10  50 
13  00 

7  50 
7  75 

7  75 

8  75 


"#  bbl 
1U  00 

11  50 

12  50 


18  OU 
30  00 


12  90 
265 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  April  25,  1S95. 

A  low  range  of  values  and  quiet  business 
characterized  the  week.  The  condition  of  the 
Comstock  has  improved  and  faithful  work  is 
being  done,  but  that  never  had  much  to  do 
with  the  stock  market  and  of  late  years  seems 
to  have  even  less.  So  long  as  it  is  not  a  ques- 
tion of  control  of  certain  mines,  the  present 
flatness  may  continue,  or  until  some  few  with 
nerve  and  ambition  step  in  to  liven  things  up. 
Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia,  Ophir  and  Hale  &  Nor- 
cross  were  held  up,  and  on  Thursday  Virginia 
City  bought  freely,  the  demand  being  as  freely 
met  by  Pine  street. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 

18 

25 

J      09 

73 

88 

1  35 

65 

78 

Bodie 

1  20 

47 
51 

1  50 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

300 

3  00 

62 

51 
1  30 

45 

1  SO 

10 

88 
1  70 
13 
52 
36 
86 
56 

81 

30 

Utah- 

San   Francisco  Stock  Boar 

d  Sales. 

San  Francisco,  April  35,  1895. 

9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

250  Alia. . .  _ 16  100  Gould  &  Curry. ...  45 

50 17  10UH&  N ..1  30 

100  Belcher 65  300  Justice 10 

150  Best  &  Belcher     .    78  100  Mexican 81 

300  Bodie 1  20  100 80 

100 1  15  300  Occidental 22 

700  Chollar 451200  Overman 09 

950  Con  Cal  &  Va 3  00  150  Potosi 46 

100  Confidence 1  45;100  Savage 30 

500  Crown  Point 62J200  Sierra  Nevada. ...  81 

300  E.  B.  &  B 12l  100  Union. 5"l 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:30  P.  M. 

500  Alta 15  100  Hale'&  Norcross. .  1  25 

200  Bodie 1  10  100  Ophir 1  60 

600  Chollar 43  100 1  65 

200C.C.V 3  00  600  Occidental 25 

200  Confidence 1  50  300  Silver  Hill 04 

200  Crown  Point 60,100  Sierra  Nevada....    80 

100  E.  B.  &  B I2|i00  Yellow  Jacket...    37 


List  of   U.   S.  Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported    by   Dewey   &   Co.,   Pioneer   Patent 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


'OR  THE  WEEK  ENDING   APRIL  16,  1895. 

—Wave    Motor— W.    N.    Best,    Redondo, 

—Savings  Bank— J.  H.  Greefkens,  S.  F. 
—Savings  Bank— J.  H,  Greefkens,  S.  F. 
— Trunk— W.  C.  T.  Hansen,  Seattle   Wash. 
—Condenser— W.  P.  Hawley,  Oregon  City, 

—Roaster— N.  H.  McAuslan,   Suiter  City, 

—Gold-Saving    apparatus— A.   G.   Ting- 
Inaio,  Cal. 

Note.— Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  In  the  shortest  time  possible 
(by  mall  for  telegraphic  order).  American  and 
Foreign  patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  busi- 
ness for  Pacific  Coast  Inventors  transacted  with 
perfect  security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the 
shortest  possible  time. 


o:i;.559 

Cal. 
537,448. 
537,449. 
537,532, 
537,451, 

Or, 
537,704 

Cal. 
537,556 

man. 


Notices  of  Recent   Patents. 


Hiram  S.  Maxim,  the  inventor,  says 
that  New  Eoglanders  are  the  best 
mechanics  in  the  world,  and  that  the 
French  are  the  best  mechanics  in 
Europe. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
U.  S.  and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention : 

Riveting  Machine— John  I.  Smith,  Chiuo, 
Butte  Co.,  Cal.  No.  534,537.  Dated  Feb.  10, 
1895.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  pro- 
vide a  machine  by  which  rivets  and  washers 
are  delivered  to  a  point  where  they  are  to  be 
used  to  secure  the  parts  of  a  belt  or  other  ob- 
ject together.  It  consists  of  a  table  upon 
which  the  parts  to  be  riveted  are  supported, 
and  mechanism  for  seating  the  washers  upon 
the  parts,  mechanism  for  perforating  the  hole 
through  the  parts  from  below  and  for  setting 
the  rivets  through  the  hole  and  washer,  and 
a  mechanism  for  heading  the  rivets  after  be- 
ing set.  The  washers  are  contained  in  a  ver- 
tically moving  hollow  receiver  and  are  de- 
livered singly  upon  the  material,  where  they 
are  held  by  a  trestle  foot  until  the  hole  is 
punched  through  the  material  by  a  punch 
moving  upwardly  from  below  through  an 
opening  in  the  table.  A  riveting  punch  is 
movable  within  the  hollow  presser  foot  so 
that  the  point  rests  upon  the  upwardly  pro 
jecting  end  of  the  rivet  and  a  hammer  sus- 
pending above  the  head  of  the  punch  is  re- 
leased to  fall  upon  it  at  the  proper  time,  so  as 
to  upset  the  rivet  and  head  it  upon  the 
washer.  The  rivets  are  contained  in  suitable 
holders,  and  a  feeding  tube  is  provided  with  a 
transversely  moving  slide  and  actuating 
mechanism  whereby  a  rivet  is  removed  from 
the  tube  and  transferred  to  the  head  of  a 
plunger  which  receives  it.  After  the  hole 
has  been  punched  in  the  material  and  the 
punch  been  withdrawn,  the  plunger  is  ele- 
vated to  force  the  rivet  through  the  hole. 
Mechanism  for  operating  the  parts  and  pro- 
ducing the  various  motions  consists  essen- 
tially of  reciprocating  levers  and  pedals  by 
which  they  are  connected  and  by  which  they 
are  operated. 

Riveting  Machine.— John  I.  Smith,  Chico, 
Butte  Co.,  Cal.  No.  537,:il4.  Dated  April  9, 
1895.  This  invention  relates  to  an  apparatus 
for  riveting  articles  together  and  automatic- 
ally supplying  rivets  and  washers,  together 
with  punches,  one  of  which  is  advanced  to 
punch  a  hole  through  the  material,  after 
which  a  rivet  is  forced  through  the  hole  and 
through  a  washer  which  has  already  been 
placed  upon  the  opposite  side  of  the  material, 
after  which  a  hammer  is  allowed  to  fall  upon 
the  head  of  a  riveting  punch,  the  lower  end  of 
which  rests  upon  the  point  of  the  rivet  where 
it  projects  through  the  washer.  The  actuat- 
ing mechanism  consists  of  a  series  of  levers 
by  which  the  various  parts  are  moved  at  the 
proper  intervals,  and  these  levers  are  so 
arranged  with  relation  to  a  revolving  wheel 
or  disk  having  projecting  teeth  and  spurs 
thereon  that  each  of  the  actuatiug  levers  will 
be  moved  in  its  proper  time  so  that  the  differ- 
ent movements  necessary  to  complete  the 
riveting  will  be  effected  at  the  proper  inter- 
vals. 

Gold-Saving  Apparatus.—  B.  M.  Whiting, 
Spokane,  Washington.  No.  537,257.  Dated 
April  9,  1S95.  This  invention  relates  to  an  ap- 
paratus which  is  especially  designed  to  save 
line  gold  found  in  placer  mining,  in  connection 
with  pulp  or  tailings  and  other  waste  mattef. 
i  It  consists  of  an  inclined  tube  into  which  the 
material  is  fed.  having  its  lower  end  open  for 
the  discharge  of  the  worthless  material,  a 
cone-shaped  drum  fixed  concentrically  and  ex- 
terior to  it,  with  its  lower  surface  horizontal 
and  adapted  to  contain  a  body  of  mercury,  a 
tube  extending  through  the  cone  and  project- 
ing beyond  the  lower  end,  having  the  project- 
ing end  open  for  the  discharge  of  the  coarser 
material  and  perforations  through  which  the 
finer  material  passes  into  the  cone;  means  for 
feeding  the  material  to  be  acted  upon  to  the 
interior  of  the  tube,  which  is  suitably 
mounted  so  that  it  can  be  rotated  for  the  pur- 


pose of  gradually  advancing  the  material  from 
one  end  to  the  other  down  the  incline,  and 
allowing  the  finer  material  to  pasa-  through 
the  perforations  into  the  cone.  Below  the 
cone  is  a  series  of  riffles  consisting  of  a  bottom 
having  pockets  and  removable  copper  plates, 
over  which  the  finer  material  and  mercury 
passes  after  leaving  the  drum. 

Railway  Street  and  Station  Indicator.—- 
A.  B.  Murray  of  San  Rafael,  and  Henry  G. 
Krasky  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  No.  537,300. 
Dated  April  9,  1895.  This  invention  relates  to 
a  device  which  is  adapted  to  indicate  streets 
or  stations  and  which  is  fixed  within  the  car 
so  as  to  be  visible  to  the  occupants  thereof.  It 
consists  of  an  indicating  mechanism,  a  spiral 
disk  having  protuberances  upon  the  periphery 
corresponding  with  the  location  of  the  streets 
or  stations,  and  mechanism  actuated  by  said 
protuberances  whereby  the  indicator  is  ad- 
vanced to  show  the  name  of  the  street  or  sta- 
tion, mechanism  connected  with  the  car  axle 
whereby  the  spiral  disk  is  rotated  and  ad- 
vanced upon  a  stationary  shaft,  a  gear 
mechanism  intermediate  between  the  car 
axle  and  the  spiral  disk,  a  lug  upon  the 
terminal  plate  of  the  disk,  a  lever  mechanism 
which  is  engaged  by  the  lug  when  the  disk 
has  reached  the  end  of  its  travel  and  a  stop 
actuated  by  the  mechanism  to  engage  and 
arrest  the  driving  shaft  so  as  to  throw  the 
actuating  gears  out  of  engagement  and  thus 
allow  the  car  axle  and  its  attachments  to  con- 
tinue to  revolve  without  affecting  the  regis- 
tering mechanism. 

Assessment  Notices. 


OVERMAN  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.-Loca- 
tlon  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco, 
California.  Location  of  works,  Gold  Hill,  Storey 
county,  Nevada. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  lath  day  of  April. 
1895,  an  assessment.  No.  73,  of  ten  cents  dOc.l  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Cor- 
poration, payable  Immediately  in  United  States  Gold 
Coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  Company, 
No.  414  California  street.  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  21st  day  of  May.  189o,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  11th  day  of  .Turn3.  1895,  lo  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors.  - 

GEO.  D.  EDWARDS.  Secretary. 

Office— No.  414  California  street.  San  Francisco. 
California. 


H.  P.  TAYLOll  MINING  COMPANY.— location  of 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Location  of  works.  Liberty  Mining  District, 
Siskiyou  county,  California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  al  a  moellng  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  nineteenth  day  of 
April,  1895,  an  assessment  of  Four  (4c)  cents  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  In  United  States 
gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  nf  the  com- 
pany. 39  Merchams'  Exchange,  431  California  street. 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re 
main  unpaid  on  the  ihlrly-firsi  day  of  May,  1695, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  Bale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  twenty-sixth  day  or  July.  189S, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
costs  of  advertising'  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  HENRY  SMITH7Secrei;irv. 

Office;  39  Merchants'  Exchange.  431  California 
St..  San  Francisco. 


A  SPECIAL  MEETING  of  the  stockholders  of 
the  Julia  Consolidated  Mining  Company  will  be 
held  at  the  office  of  the  company,  room  5(5,  No.  309 
Montgomery  street,  San  Francisco,  California,  on 
FRIDAY,  the  3d  day  of  May,  1895,  at  the  hour  of 
1  o'clock,  for  the  purpose  of  considering  what  dis- 
position shall  be  made  of  stock  now  in  the  treas- 
ury of  and  belonging  to  this  company,  and  the 
transaction  of  such  other  business  as  may  come 
before  the  meeting.  Transfer  books  will  close  on 
Tuesday,  April  30ih,  at  3  o'clock  P.  m. 

J.  STADTFELD  Jr..  Secretary. 


ALBERT  jVI  ALTAI  AN, 

Praotical  Metallurgist 
and  Engineer. 


Samuel  C.  Thompson, 
A.  B.  Yale  University. 
E.  M.  Columbia  Uni- 
versity. 

Maltman  &  Thompson, 

MINING  ENGINEERS  AND  METALLURGISTS, 

Owners  of  Nevada  County  Reduction  Works, 
Address:  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  County,  California. 


Inspect  and  report  upon  Mineral  Properties, 
Treat  Refractory  Gold  Ores  and  Concentrates  by 
Chlorlnation.  Furnish  Plans  for  and  Superintend 
Erection  of  Chlorination  Plants.  General  Analyses 
of  Ores. 

References: 

Timothy  Dwight,  President  Yale  University,  New 
Haven,  Conn. 

Henry  S.  Munroe,  Professor,  School  of  Mines,  Co- 
lumbia University,  New  York  City. 

Joseph  S.Harris,  President  Phila.  &  Reading R.  R. 
Co.,  Trustee  Penn.  University,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Edward  M.  Preston,  President  Citizens'  Bank  of 
Nevada  City,  California. 


FOR     SALE. 

One  20 -Stamp  Wet  Crashing  Silver  Mill, 

Boss  Process  of  Pan  Amalgamation,  85U-pound 
Stamps,  complete  with  power,  90  miles  from 
Tucson.  Arizona  Ty.    Address 

E.    W.   BOWERS, 

Tucson.  A.  T. 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


April  27,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


271 


Coast  Industrial   Notes. 


baa  imported  hi,- 
hciii   two  Brvuu 


l  be  Los  Angela 
uou  one  c 

The  RUdon  Iron  Work* 

nulls  t.i  Mexico  this  week. 

California  printing  ink  is  a  new  local  In- 
dustry ami  ougbt  to  be  ^  profitable  one, 

The  Standard  Oil  Co.,  which  now  almost 
completely  controls  the  coast   market,    is  Mill 

advancing  nrtoes, 

The  Perkins  l'ump  and  Engine  Co.  have 
the  contract  for  putting  in  an  engine  and 
pump  for  the  Kern  Co.  asylum. 

C    H.  Bvans &  Co.  are  buildings  pumping 

plant,  wiili  .l  capacity  ol    L5,000  gallons  per 
hour,  for  Cypress  Lawn  cemetery. 

—The  Mechanics'  institute  trustees  are  en- 
ergetically arranging  for  the  exposition  of 
m."i,  which  will  be  opened  August  loth. 

The  Directors  ol  the  San  Joaquin  Valley 
Koad  have  decided  to  build  n  steel  draw- 
bridge aeross  Mormon  channel  in  Stockton, 

The  Oregon  Cenl  ral  &  Eastern  K>  I  !om- 
pany  has  been  Incorporated  a1  Corvaltls,  Or., 
to  bin  the  Oregon  Pacific  property  and  oper- 
ate it* 

The  WuUuiivilif  beet  sugar  factory  gives 
employment  to  SKI  people.  Twenty  tons  of 
beets  are  raised  en  an  acre  of  land,   for  which 

the  runners  reeeive  $'.Ki. 

The  advance  In  the  price  of  beef  will 
euuse  -tm.ht  cars  of  cattle  tu  be  snipped  Kast 
from  the  southwestern  New  Mexican  ranges 
during  the  next  six  weeks. 

—The  (Ueai  Northern  has  joined  the 
Northern  Pacific  in  a  decision  uot  to  use  the 
reduced  steamship  rates  from  Pu^et  Sound 
fur  passing  to  San  Francisco. 

—  During  the  first  fifteen  days  of  April  four- 
teen colliers  arrived  in  San  Francisco  from  the 
northern  mines.  The  total  of  cargoes  was 
37,000  tons,  valued  at  $29(5,000. 

An  evidence  of  the  good  financial  stand- 
ing of  the  city  of  Los  Angeles  was  furnished 
last  Wednesday,  when  $896,000  in  bonds  were 
sold  to  Street,  Wyke  &  Co.,  of  New  York,  at 

—The  net  increase  in  the  earnings  of  the 
Great  Northern  system  in  1894,  compared 
with  the  same  six  months  of  1S93,  was 
1313,205.73  and  the  increase  in  the  tax  was 
810,431.95. 

— There  are  Mi  vessels  ou  the  Pacific  coast 
in  the  lumber  trade,  including  steam  and  sail- 
ing vessels,  which  range  in  tonnage  from  the 
schooner  Mary  Etta,  S5  tons,  to  the  ship 
Oriental,  1400  tons; 

— The  Los  Angeles  and  Santa  Monica  Elec- 
t  lie  Railway  Company  will  build  a  railway 
between  those  places.  There  will  be  a  branch 
fifteen  miles  long  to  Pasadena,  another  five 
miles  long  to  Cold  Water  Canyon. 

—The  ship  Olivebank  has  sailed  from  Van- 
couver, B.  C,  for  South  Africa  with  2,323,684 
feet  of  rough  lumber.  Her  net  tonnage  is 
2627  tons.  She  is  the  largest  vessel  ever 
loaded  with  lumber  in  British  Columbia  or  on 
Puget  Sound. 

— Ueueral  Manager  D.  B.  Robinson  of  the 
Santa  Fe  denies  the  report  that  the  Santa  Fe 
will  build  150  miles  of  line  to  make  connection 
with  the  proposed  railway  from  San  Francisco 
southward  and  thus  furnish  an  outlet  for  the 
Santa  Fe  on  the  coast.  He  says:  "There  is 
every  indication,  however,  that  a  new  road 
from* San  Francisco  into  southern  California 


will  be  built."  Mr.  Kobinson  is  or  the  Opinion 
that  the  new  Santa  Fe  Company  will  be  in 
active  operation  by  August  1st. 

Tin-  Western  ttbn  and  Steel  i  lompany's 
rolling  mill  at  Lakeview,  Wash  ,  started  u|> 
this  week.  It  is  the  only  lolling  mill  mi  the 
coast  outside  of  San  Francisco,  and  basadatlj 
capacity  of  eighty  tons  of  bar  iron.  The  start 
was  made  with  seventy-five  men. 

The  Clarke  and  t'<-x    land,     known    OS    I  he 

I  San  Juaff  Grant,  lying  south  of  Orange  Vale, 
I  north  of  the   American    river,    and    cast    ol 

Kaneho  del  Paso,  has  beeu  bought  by  Chicago 
;  men  for  colonization  purposes;  the  work  of  de-  | 

vi-liipment  is  in  be  i-ommenceil  at  once 

The  Victor,  Cat.,  Ueservoir  Company  has 
sold  its  property  In  the  Columbia  Colonization  j 
Company  of  Chicago.  It  is  proposed  the  reser-  , 
voir  will  contain  when  full,  to  the  1405-foot  1 
level,  127,721,404,000  standard  gallons  ol  wa-  i 
ter,  sufficient  in  irrigate  380,000 acres. 

Tin'  Jones  Creek  Mill.    Mining  and   irri-  ! 

1  gating- Company,  to  manufacture  Lumber  for 
mining  purposes,  ami  for  mining,  has  been  in- 
cocporated  al  Crescent  City,  Cal.,  by  John 
Mi  Laugh! in,      Eugene     Commerford,      Win. 

i  Frost,  E.  A.  Frost  and  Peter  Emetsburg. 
Capital  stock,  $SO,000. 

The  Railway  -i(/<  says  Washington  has 
nine  railway  companies  who  contemplate 
\  building  ;(7<i  miles  of  road  this  year;  Oregon  1 
I  four  companies  to  build  213  miles,  and  Montana  , 
,  four  companies  to  build  383  miles,  To  this  mav 
1  be  added  the  S.  F.  and  S.  J.  V.  R.  K.,  which 
j  proposes  to  build  340  miles  in  this  State. 

—The  opposition  in  steamship  traffic  be- 
tweeu  here  and  the  Sound  is  ended.  The 
steamer  Farallone  has  given  up  the  rate  war 
with  the  P.  C.  S.  S.  Co.  and  will  run  in  future 
between  San  Francisco  and  Yaquina  bay. 
Rates  which  have  been  &>  from  here  to  Seattle 
will  be  advanced  to  $20  first  class. 

—The  Ogden  company  organized  to  work 
the  guano  beds  on  one  of  the  islands  in  Great 
Salt  Lake,  is  making  extensive  preparations 
to  engage  in  the  business  on  a  large  scale.  A 
pier  will  be  constructed  at  Lake  Park,  a 
steamer  built  and  shipments  commenced  as 
soon  as  possible.  The  company  expects  to  sell 
100,000  tons  in  Utah  alone. 

—A  band  of  5000  horses  has  been  ordered 
slaughtered  in  eastern  Washington  and 
Oregon.  The  meat  is  to  be  canned  and 
shipped  to  France.  An  effort  will  also  be 
made  to  ship  canned  horseflesh  to  Japan.  The 
horses  were  contracted  for  at  the  rate  of  $5  a 
head,  and  those  uot  suitable  for  cauning,  it  is 
said,  will  be  treated  at  the  rendering  works,  j 

—The  recent  shipment  of  a  carload  of  Cali-  | 
forma  flowers  to  the  Chicago  market  for  the  i 
Easter  trade  was  not  an  entire  success,  as  a  i 
large  portion  of  the  carload  arrived  in  a  worth- 
less  condition.  Out  of  10,1100  oalla  lilies,  less 
than  4,000  of  them  were  found  rit  for  market.  , 
In  the  shipment  there  were  several  thousand  ( 
date  and  fan  palms  and  10,000  marguerites  in  : 
!  good  condition. 

— The  Northern  Pacific  Railroad  has  begun  ' 
i  improvements  on  the  water  front  at  Tacoma,  ' 
I  Wash.,  that  will  cost  $800,000.  Local  com-  ! 
!  panies  will  make  improvements  costing  $200,-  ! 
[  000  more.     The  railroad  will  build  a  solid  rock  ' 

and  stone  seawall  along  its  water-front  prop-  ! 
j  erty.     It  will  build  four  freight  warehouses, 

each  40x400,  and  coal  bunkers  of  10,000  tons  ; 
I  storage  capacity,  capable  of  handling  5000  tons  i 
!  per  ten  hours. 

—The  Oregon  Railway  &  Navigation  Co.'s  | 
committees  of  the  collateral  trust  and  consoli- 
dated  mortgage   bonds  have  agreed   upon  a 
j  plan  of  reorganization   which  provides  that  a 


general  mortgage  of  931, 500,000  at  4".,  interest 
i-  to  be  issued,  into  which  the  present  out 
standing  obligations  arc  to  be  funded.  The 
collateral  fcrusl  bonds  are  to  receive  'm'\,  in 
the  new  1%  bonds  and  <'>:■",,  in  new  preferred 
st«*-k.     The  consolidated  bonds  are  to  receive 

par  In  the  new  4S,  'lx/%%  in    rush  and   HO'.,",,    in 

preferred  stock.     The  stock  of  the  company  is 

to  be  assessed  *s  per  share,  for  which  pre- 
ferred  stock  al  par  will  be  given,  of  the  new 
Is  $5,000,000  will  be  held  in  the  treasury  to 
retire  the  r."„  bonds  of  1909  when  they  mature, 

—The  London  Iron  andCoal  Trades  Etevfctr 
says:  "The  announcement  that  the  order 
for  the 20,000   tons  of    rails  required   for  the 

new  railway  running  from  San  FrancJSCO 
southward  has  been  captured  by  an  American 
nrni  will  occasion  almost  as  much  surprise  on 
this  side  of  the  Atlantic  as  it  has  already 
doneon  the  other,  it  was  generally  expected 
that  the  competition  would  be  close,  but  as 
the  freight  charges  favored  the  British  manu- 
facturer SOmewnat,  it  was  considered  most 
probable  that  the  order  would  Hud  its  way  to 
this  country.  The  event,  however,  has  proved 
otherwise." 

The  ||    ('.  Shaw  Plow  Works,  at  Stockton.   | 
have  made  a  new  twelve  gang  plow,   which  is 
probably    the   largest  of    its  kind   ever  con- 
structed  in   this  country,    it  was  made  espe- 
cially for  George  McCouley,   of  Forest  Lake,  | 
and  is  designed  to  turn  over  the  ground  for  a  i 
width  of  ten  feet.     The   beam  on    which    the  ' 
plows  are  tixed  is  "JrJ  feet    long,    and    the    ma 
chine  is  28  feet  over  all,  from  end  to  end.    It  ' 
will  be  drawn  by  a  traction  engine  of  40-horse 
power.    The  levers  operating  on  the  plow  are  i 
respectively  24   and   30   feet  long.     It  is  ex- 
pected that  a  great  many  more  of  these  plows  I 
will  be  ordered  when  the  work  of  this  one  has 
been  demonstrated.     It  is  the  first  one  of  the 
kind  ever  made,  and  is  a  revelation   to   East-  j 
ern  men.     Last  Saturday   A.  B.  Farquhar,  a 
large    manufacturer    of    agricultural    imple- 
merits,  of  York,  Pennsylvania,   inspected  the  , 
mammoth  plow.    "  Nobody  but  a  Californian."  I 
said  he,  "would  construct  a  plow   on   such  a  j 
scale.     It  is  truly  wonderful   what  you  people  I 
out  here  can  do." 


*  * PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 
Dredgers, 
2^K  Shovels. 


*   j»  FOR  ALL  PURPOSES  3.       ■ 

Wl F^L  {(OPE. Tl\/\M WV\YS . 


^  TRENTON  >i;  J  .^r 

N.Y.orncc 
I  C00PEMEWUT&  C0H7  B  UHLINfr  SLIP 

ICHICACO    OfFir  "-.-MOHADItoaiBXtfl 


I  RUPTURE! 

IT  da-  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia — commonly  called 
rupture— was  insurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  whlrh  i->  both  diui^rroun 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  ISul 
DK.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  86  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE ItUILDING,  ban  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  hat*  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  bin  onice 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  n 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
Is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medlca 
College,  of  New  York  City. 

UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACKAMKNTO CALIFORNIA. 


Complete  "Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating, 
Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer 
ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of 
water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outfits  include  "  Lancaster"  1895  Land  or  River 
Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction. 
Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly   and  upward,   if  required. 

Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 
machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

39CORTLANDT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<C> 

— Manufactukeus  ov— 

STEAH   ENGINES,  BOILERS, 

Anil  all  kinds  of 
♦    ♦     MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flonr  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  N  <&  O.. 

SAORAMRNTO.  CAT.. 


WELLMaCHINERYw°rh. 


1IQHTHIHQ  I 

LARGEST      .    

All  kin.  Is  of  tool.-.  Fori  u ne  "run  lie  driller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  process;  can  (nketicort*.  I'i  rfected  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pumping  Riga  to  w<irk  b\  Steam,  Air, etc. 
Let  UH  help you.  THE  AHKItlOAN  W  ELL,  \\  Olf  M*, 
Urort,    III.;     Chicago,    111.:     Pallua.   Ter. 


Ttl!McGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 

CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      prank  barrere.  secretary  anduandror 


PATENTED  SEPTEMBER  19,   18! 

c;ui  in-  scon  In  operation  al  the  Company's  \v 
.'Main  SI  reel,  San  FraiifiHCO. 

Office,  1 16  Davis  Street. 


NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 

SFK  VELD 

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 

a  MARVEL  of  Simplicity,  Durability  and  Effectiveness 
combining  both  Side  and  End  Motion  with  a  Hum  pin* 
Belt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  lielt  and  amount  or  PER- 
CUSSION eaaily  and  milckly  regulated,  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  tons.  Only  One- tenth  horsepower 
required.    Adapted  for  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PRICE S350  EACH 

Including'  prepared  canvas  belt  4  ft.  6  Ins.  wide. 


Falls  Mixe.  Igo.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  May  SSlh,  is;'.;. 

This  McGlew  Costckntuatou  Company  :  -I  Lake  much 
pleasure  In  endorsing  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. When  I  was  requested  to  examine  your  eoticerj- 
trator,  I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring  that  I  would  hnvi- 
none  oilier  than  a  Frue.  as  after  many  years'  experience 
witli  different  concentrators,  I  believed  them  to  be  Un* 
best. 

Now.  after  a  thorough  trial  Of  the  McGlew  Ore  Concen- 
trator, on  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  1  emphatically 
pronounce  it  the  beat  concentrator  of  anv  I  have  ever 
used  in  handling  my  ores.  It  is  doing  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  worft  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  every  hour,  dried, 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  '  *  *  from  West  ledge,  a 
saving  by  your  concentrator  of  !Mi^  per  cent:  rrom  East 
ledge,  *  *  *  a  saving  of  !B  per  cent.  The  concentrator 
runs  very  easy  and  requires  bul  slight  attention,  One 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

You  have  a  good  concentrator,  and  it  can  be  relied  upon 
io  bandle  any  ore  that  will  concentrate.  I  most  heartily 
recommend  it  to  the  mining  public.  Yours  respectfully, 
E.  L.  BALLOU.  Propr.  Ballou  Reduction  Works. 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■  ■t   f\T   REDUCED    PRICES.  ■■■■ 

Our  plaies  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

"^  ninffffP5?*  Incorporated.  -^^SSnsn*— -■'' 

a-  send  for  circulars.  68,  to  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire?JQ, 

521  aud  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  **»■ 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR • 

Husk  ins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay-Furnaces. 


272 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


April  27, 1895. 


For  any  information;  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 


FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal,  I 
Dec.  12.  1891.     f 


Price  of  4-foot  wide  Plain  Frue  Vanner 8500,  f.  o. 

«  "  "       Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner 600,  f.  o. 

"      6-foot     "       Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner.... 600,  f.  o. 


OVER     4000     IIN     ACTUAL     USE. 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 

° GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY, 

C.  J.  Clark,  M.  E.,  Gen'l,  Supt. 
MESSRS.  ADAMS  &  CARTER,  San  Francisco.  Cal.— Dear  SIRS:  During  my  experience  in 
mining'  and  milling-,  I  have  used  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  on  different 
kinds  of  ore,  both  gold  and  silver.  I  have  made  competitive  tests  agrainst  them  with  other 
widely  puff ed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Frue  in  firBt  place.  When  I 
"built  this  mill  (20  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  In  order  to  save  space  and 
machinery.    I  am  uow  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 

(Successor  to  Adams  &  Carter,)  Twelve  Months.  They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 
tons  per  day,  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.  They  require  no  more  attention 
than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.  I  have  run  them  up  to 
80  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.    They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as' 

Trrmn      Ann      /invnnvmnimAn     the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  hearings  and 

rnUE     UKcj      LUnLhriTKATUK    wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil,  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 

" "  "     '  ■         ■    -  ■■"**  v"j   -^y  repajr  account  for  the  past  six  months  haB  been  too  small  to  to  mention.    In  order  to 

give  an  idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing  here,  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 
from  $5  to  $20  per  ton  and  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  60  ctB.  per  ton.  I  will  conclude  by 
saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  ts  the  only  table 
that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.  C.  J.  CLARK,  Gen'l  Supt. 


AGENT  FOR  THE 


13:2   /Vl/\R)K.ET   ST., 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


IMPROVED    CRAWFORD    MILL 

The  Cheapest  and  Best  Mill  for  extracting  gold  from  comparatively  free  milling  ores. 
Requires  one-third  the  water,  and  three-fourths  the  power  of  stamps.  Costs  less,  is  operated 
cheaper,  and  will  save  20  to  40  per  cent  more  gold.  Average  saving  85  per  cent.  Inexpensive 
foundation.  No  plates  or  screens.  Wear  and  tear  guaranteed  not  to  exceed  thirty  cents  per 
ton.      Capacity   ten    tons.     Full   particulars, 

MECHANICAL  GOLD  EXTRACTOR  COMPANY, 

47     BROADWAY,     NEVA/     YORK. 


******  THE     PRICES  ****** 

Ingersoll-Sargeant »  brills  and  Compressors 


HAVE     BEEN     REDUCED. 

~^^aBalSl^>-  SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  AND  ESTIMATE  TO  -^ -' 

PARKE  &   LACY  CO.,   Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

2\    and    ;23     Fremont    Street,    San     Francisco,    Cal. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 


San  Francisco,  Cal 31  Main  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON,  Manager. 

Denver,  Col 1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANDBL,  Agent. 

New  York  City 26   Cortlandt  Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  111 509  Home  Ins.  Building. 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  B>.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  ANO  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 


The  Gates  Or#and  Rock  Breaker 

Gives  a  finer  product  than  any  other  crusherjmade,  adding  "by  this  means  25  to  30%  to  £»    at  put  of  any  mill,  beside  saving  the  wear  of  the  more  costly  machinery.    It  will  reduce  a  given  amount  of  ore  at  one 

third  the  cost  in  wear  of  any  other  cm  she;?  ■$&  market.    It  requires  also  much  less  power  for  the  same  amount  of  work. 

6 


Is  now  being  adopted  by  the  progressive  Mining  Companies  in  all  pans  of  the  world.    More  than  3000  of  them  now  running. 

The  F*eltori  Water  Wheel  Company,  General  western  Agents. 

121  Alain  Street,  San  Francisco,. Cal.  .  .- 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLUME    I.XX. 

Sumter  1  X. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  MAY  4,  1895. 


THREE   DOLLARS    PER    \\\l   tt. 
siiisu-  Copies,  Ten  tvutt*. 


Owens  Lake:  Carbonate  of  Soda  Manufacture. 


i  'uliforuia's  mineral  wealth  comprises  almost  every- 
thing that  can  be  classed  as  mineral,  much  of  which 
i-  as  yet  undeveloped.  In  Inyo  county  the  Inyo  De- 
velopment Co.  many  years  ago  established  works  for 
the  manufacture  of  carbonate  of  soda  from  the  wa- 
ters of  Owens  lake,  which  industry  is  in  operation 
through  the  summer  months.  The  accompanying 
cut  gives  a  very  good  idea  of  the  lake  and  the  evapo- 
ratin'g  basins.  The  works  are  one  mile  north  of 
Keeler  and  are  owned  in  Carson,  Nevada. 

The  lake  itself  is  as  unattractive  in  character  as 
its  somber  surroundings.  In  its  waters  are  great 
quantities  of 
green,  slimy  HST^ 
vegetable  or- 
ganisms of 
some  low  or- 
der, one  of 
which  forms 
small  globules 
or  s  p  h  e r  e s 
about  one- 
fourth  of  an 
inch  in  diam- 
eter. There 
are  also  sev- 
eral different 
species  of  Hies 
which  swarm 
around  the 
lake,  and  one 
small  species, 
in  particular, 
which  in  many 
places  literal- 
ly blackens 
the  shores 
with  its  myri- 
ads. There 
are  also  in  the 
waters  of  this 
lake  myriads 
of  small  larva, 
from       on  e- 

eighth  to  one-fourth  of  an  inch  in  length,  with  many 
legs  and  two  very  black  eyes,  which  somewhat  re- 
sembles the  larva  or  "  wiggle r "  of  the  ordinary 
mosquito,  and  which  are  believed  to  be  the  larva  of 
the  small  and  multitudinous  fly.  Each  one  of  these 
larvae  is  inclosed  in  an  almost  transparent  sack  of 
thin,  gelatinous  matter.  How  he  makes  his  way 
through  the  water  inside  of  this  sack  is  not  known; 
but  he  does  it,  and  goes  where  he  pleases.  As  to  the 
white  worms  which  also  exist  by  millions  in  this 
lake,  and  which  by  some  sort  of  sticky  excre- 
tion form  sandy  cases  or  coatings  for  themselves, 
and  which,  when  washed  ashore  in  masses  by  the 
surf,  the  Indians  used  to  gather,  and  after  drying 
them  and  rubbing  off  their  coats,  use  them  for  food, 
it  is  not  known  whether  they  are  an  intermediate 
state  of  the  insect  between  the  above-mentioned  larva 
and  the  fly,  or  what  they  are.  The  fact  remains  that 
they  exist.  Strange  as  it  may  seem  that  a  lake, 
whose  waters  have  the  composition  which  those  of 
Owens  lake  have,  should  support  life  of  any  kind,  it 
is  nevertheless,  not  only  that  those  waters  are  full  of 
life,  but  also  that  the  decay  of  such  life,  when  washed 
up  on  the  shores  by  the  surf,  and  thus  left  exposed 
to  the  sun,  often  taints  the  air  by  its  stench  for  miles 


around.  No  ordinary  fish  can  live  in  Owens  lake. 
There  are  fish  in  Owens  river,  but  whenever  these 
find  their  way  down  into  the  lake  they  quickly  die, 
and  are  washed  ashore. 

North  of  Keeler,  on  the  shore  of  the  lake,  are  the 
chief  works  of  the  Inyo  Development  Company,  manu- 
facturing carbonate  of  soda  from  the  waters  of  the 
lake.  When  last  visited,  for  purposes  of  illustrative 
description,  they  had  about  fifteen  acres  of  ground 
covered  with  evaporating  vats,  made  by  plowing  and 
then  carefully  leveling,  and  afterwards  heavih'  roll- 
ing the  clayey  ground,  so  as  to  make  it  water  tight. 
The  water  of  the  lake  in  July  registered  93  Baume, 
corresponding  to  a  specific  gravity  of  about  1.063. 


dissolved  in  pure  water,  it  cannot  then  be  made  to 
recrystallize  in  the  same  form,  but  will  be  decom- 
posed, and  the  monocarbonate  ami  the  bicarbonate 
will  then  crystallize  separately  in  different  forms. 
On  this  principle  works  were  erected  for  the  re-solu- 
tion, recrystallization,  and  thus  the  separation  of  the 
two  carbonates.  The  water  of  the  lake  is  lifted 
twelve  feet  to  the  highest  vats  by  a  windmill.  The 
mother  liquor,  containing  chiefly  the  chloride  and 
the  sulphate  of  soda,  is  returned  to  the  lake. 


OWENS    LAKE,     INYO    COUNTY,     SHOWTNCl     SODA    EVAPORAT1NC     BASINS 


Three  months  earlier  it  was  7J°  Baume,  correspond- 
ing to  a  specific  gravity  of  1.052.  The  salts  which  it 
contains  are  chiefly  chloride  of  sodium  (common  salt) 
and  the  monocarbonate,  bicarbonate  and  sulphate  of 
soda. 

There  is  at  a  low  temperature  but  little  differ- 
ence in  the  solubility  of  these  salts;-  at  a  higher  tem- 
perature the  monocarbonate  and  the  bicarbonate  will 
crystallize  out  together  in  the  shape  of  a  definite 
chemical  combination  with  its  own  form  of  crystalli- 
zation, while  nearly  all  the  chloride  and  sulphate  yet 
remain  in  solution;  therefore,  their  "  cold  weather 
soda "  is  a  compound  of  all  the  salts,  while  their 
"hot  weather  soda  "  is  a  nearly  pure  combination  of 
the  two  carbonates  with  very  little  of  either  the  sul- 
phate or  the  chloride. 

The  crystallization  takes  place,  at  a  proper  tem- 
perature, at  from  30°  to  35°  Baume,  corresponding 
to  a  specific  gravity  of  from  1.245  to  1.299.   The  sub 


New  discoveries  of  asbestos  or  fibrous  serpentine 
in  Placer  county  are  of  economic  importance,  indi- 
cating   the    extended    possession    of    this    mineral 

wealth  in  a 
wider  area  in 
this  State 
than  was  sup- 
posed. Cali- 
fornia p  r  o- 
duces  the  only 
asbestos  in  the 
United  States 
of  marketable 
value,  and 
even  that  is  of 
meager  quan- 
t  i  t  y — n  ever 
over  seventy- 
five  tons  annu- 
ally, worth  say 
$60  per  ton.  It 
is  not  consid- 
ered of  as  fine 
quality  as  the 
Italian  asbes- 
tos, but  nearly 
equal  in  that 
regard  to  the 
Quebec  arti- 
cle, which 
province  fur- 
nishes the 
most  of  the 
American 
market  sup- 
ply. Asbestos  mines  have  been  reported  in  Mon- 
tana, Wyoming  and  elsewhere,  but  the  product 
is,  thus  far,  not  a  commercial  quantity.  Its  uses 
are  various:  fire-proof  paint;  felt  covering  for  steam 
pipes  and  furnaces;  packing  for  pistons  and  valve 
stems;  curtain  cloth,  are  among  the  many  uses  to 
which  this  "mineral  wool  "  is  applied. 


The  control  of  the  Sutro  tunnel  has  passed  by  pur- 
chase into  the  hands  of  a  syndicate  composed  of  Eu- 
ropean and  New  York  men,  who,  it  is  thought,  will 
reorganize  matters  in  such  a  way  as  to  acquire  and 
work  some  of  the  properties  it  touches.  The  history 
of  the  tunnel  from  its  incipiency  to  the  present  time 
would  form  one  of  the  most  interesting  chapters  in 
the  annals  of  Nevada  mines.  An  opportunity,  even 
at  this  late  date,  exists  to  make  the  enterprise  pay' 
well  in  the  light  of  improved  mining  processes. 


An  English  chemist  named  Armstrong  asserts  it  as 
stance  thus  crystallized  out  at  this  stage  is  a  definite  j  n;s  be]ief  that  no  chemical  action  ever  takes  place  ex- 
chemical  compound  of  the  two  carbonates  of  soda,  |  cept  m  ^ne  presence  of  some  substance  capable  of  be- 
which  has  its  own  peculiar  form  of  crystallization,  j  ing  decomposed  by  electricity,  and  that  therefore  all 
This  peculiar  combination  of  the  two  carbonates  of  |  caemical  phenomena  are  electrical. 

soda  will  only  crystallize  in  this  way,  in  the  presence  j  — : 

of  the  chloride  and  the  sulphate,  inasmuch  as,  if  it  be  !      The  Mexican  Exposition  will  begin  April ! 


1896. 


274 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  4,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED     1S60. 

Oldest  Milling  Journal  on  the  American  Continent. 


Office,  No.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Comer  -front,  San  Francisco. 

S&~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 
ANNUAL    SUBSCRIPTION: 

United  States.  Mexico  and  Canada ¥S  00 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union -t  W 

Entered  at  the  S.  P.  Postoffiee  as  second-class  mail  matter. 

Our  latent  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 

J.  F.  HA1LOEAS General  Manager 

San  Francisco,  May  4,  1895. 


Freight  Rates. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— Owens  Lake.  Inyo  County.  Showing  Soda 
Evaporating  Basins.  573. 

EDITORIALS.—  Owens  Lake:  Carbonate  of  Soda  Manufacture; 
Miscellaneous,  273.  Freight  Rates:  Needs  Revision:  Miscella- 
neous, 274. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS.— Tbe  Animal  Viewed  as  an  Engine: 
Science  and  Gold  Extraction:  Miscellaneous.  278. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— The  New  Gunboats;  The  Warship 
Chicago:  Miscellaneous,  279. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— Insulating  With  Asbestos;  Cost  of 
Municipal  Electric  Lighting;  Miscellaneous,  280. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— Prom  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Paciilc  Coast  States  and  Territories,  282-83. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc..  286. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates,  275.  A  Great  Mining  Empire, 
and  Other  Matters:  Brickwork  Buiit  to  Last;  South  African 
Gold  Mines:  Tbe  Gold  in  the  Bank  ofFrauce;  Creosoted  Tele- 
graph Poles;  Tons  of  Caterpillars;  Original  and  Effective 
Way  of  Preventing  Strikes;  "Pickling  "in  Foundiies;  Greenland 
Glaciers;   Cable  Railway  Over  the  Niagara  Falls;  The  War  De- 

.  partrnent  and  the  New  Small-Bore  Rifle,  276.  Milling  Arizona 
Ores  with  a  ■'Colorado11  Stamp  Mill;  Prospector's  Horn  SpoOn; 
Thought  the  "  Clermont  "  was  Perfect :  Paper  for  Insulation :  Par- 
adoxical Things:  Eggs  in  China;  Hard  Wood  Decision:  Power 
From  Belts.  277.  Mining  in  Mexico:  Single  Spindle  Edge  Moulder 
No.  1;  MacArthur- Forrest  Process;  Coast  Industrial  Notes:  Per- 
sonal; Obituary,  278.  Patentable  and  Unpatentable  Inventions; 
A  Salt  Laker's  Description  of  California  Mines,  283.  Notices  of 
Recent  Patents.  286. 


The  National  Association  of  Manufacturers  will 
hold  its  second  annual  meeting  in  Chicago  on  the 
15th  of  next  October,  at  which  time  the  Manufac- 
turers and  Producers'  Association  of  California  will 
be  adequately  represented.  ■   ■ 

The  Governor  of  California  recently  wrote  to  the 
Governor  of  Nevada,  courteously  inviting  his  co-op- 
eration in  the  matter  of  securing  the  meeting  of 
national  conventions  in  San  Francisco  in  '96.  He 
replied  discourteously,  and  the  press  of  the  Silver 
State  reproves  him  for  his  ungentlemanly  action. 

Recent  statistics  indicate  that  the  number  of 
stamps  in  present  operation  in  this  State  about 
equals  the  number  in  present  operation  in  the 
Witwatersrandt  district,  South  Africa — something- 
over  3200  in  each  case.  The  daily  average  of  the 
South  African  stamps  is  stated  to  be  four  tons, 
which  appears  to  be  an  overstatement. 


The  Record-Union  reiterates  in  its  tirades  the 
statement  that  up  to  April  1st  112  hydraulic  mines 
have  been  licensed  to  operate.  The  correct  number 
is  86,  but  neither  correctness  nor  accuracy  form 
any  part  of  the  present  onslaught.  The  statement 
quoted  is  76  per  cent  truth,  which  is  by  far  the  high- 
est percentage  of  correctness  noted  in  the  flood  of 
its  statements  on  this  subject.  It  continues  to  say  a 
great  deal,  and  if  it  keeps  on  may  get  to  believing  its 
assertions  itself  after  a  while. 


In  response  to  continued  inquiries  it.  is  again  stated 
that  there  has  been  no  suspension  of  the  federal  law 
this  year  regarding  the  amount  of  annual  required 
assessment  work  on  unpatented  claims.  There  was 
in  '93  and  '94,  but  this  year  the  $100  work  or  im- 
provement must  be  done.  Nor  is  there  the  slightest 
likelihood  that  the  Congress  which  meets  on  the  2nd 
of  next  December  will  do  anything  in  the  matter,  "if 
for  no  other  reason  than  it  would  be  then  too  late  in 
the  year  to  make  effective  any  legislation  applicable 
to  so  wide  an  area. 


The  U.  S.  Court  of  Appeals,  in  this  city,  last  Tues- 
day decided  a  case  of  some  interest  to  miners.  D. 
Hunter,  etal.,  jumped  E.  L.  Preston's  placer  claim  in 
Flathead  Co.,  Montana,  and  when  suit  for  ejection 
was  brought,  they  claimed  that  his  declaratory 
notice  and  oath  were  not  made  and  dated  in  accord- 
ance with  the  Montana  law.  A  Montana  court  found 
for  the  jumpers.  On  appeal  the  court  this  week  re- 
verses the  lower  court's  decision,  holding  that  Pres- 
ton's notice  and  location  were  all  straight  under  the 
mining  laws  of  the  U.  S.  Preston's  declaratory 
notice  had  a  notarial  acknowledgement.  The 
Montana  law  requires  that  it  be  sworn  to.  This 
the  Court  of  Appeals  holds  to  be  unnecessary. 


Denver  demands  railroad  freight-rate  concessions 
and  in  a  suit  now  going  on  there,  instituted  by  Geo. 
J.  Kindel,  the  testimony  of  the  freight  agents  of  the 
Union  Pacific,  Santa  Fe  and  Southern  Pacific  sys- 
tems is  of  interest  to  members  of  the  Manufacturers' 
and  Producers'  Association  of  this  State.  The  Colo- 
rado shippers  want  to  be  put  on  the  same  Dasis  as 
Chicago  in  relation  to  business  on  this  coast.  It  is 
the  old  question  of  "long  haul"  and  "short  haul," 
additionally  affected  by  the  favorable  situation  of 
San  Francisco  with  water-route  competition,  and  its 
geographical  and  industrial  advantage. 

The  main  charge  of  the  Colorado  Fuel  and  Iron  Co. 
is  that  while  an  open  rate  of  60  cents  per  100  lbs.  on 
steel  rails  is  allowed  from  Chicago  to  San  Francisco, 
"the  rate  from  Pueblo  is  $1.60.  The  Colorado  Iron 
Works  complains  that  Chicago  is  also  favored  on 
points  east  and  south,  and  though  1000  miles 
farther  than  Denver  from  El  Paso,  Texas,  yet  has  a 
rate  within  nine  cents  of  that  from  Denver.  The 
Pueblo  company  claimed  that  with  fairer  adjustment 
of  rates  they  could  have  successfully  competed  for 
the  contract  for  the  12,000  tons  of  rails  for  the  San 
Joaquin  Valley  Road:  but  it  is  a  matter  of  general 
information  that  the  Pueblo  people  are  in  the  com- 
bine with  other  rolling  mills  not  to  go  below  certain 
prices,  and  that  price  in  Pueblo  is  §25  per  ton,  while 
the  Valley  Road  has  a  contract  for  the  rails  at  $26.40 
per  ton,  delivered  here. 

Some  candid  statements  were  made.  Mr.  Smurr 
of  the  Southern  Pacific  told  the  Commission  on 
Wednesday  of  last  week  that  a  50-cent  rate  from 
Pueblo  to  San  Francisco  on  steel  rails  and  fastenings 
would  pay  the  railroad  company  the  same  as  a  60- 
cent  rate  to  this  city  from  Chicago,  and  that  a  33- 
cent  rate  on  iron  pipe  and  castings  carried  here 
would  pay  as  well  as  a  50-cent  rate  from  Chicago. 
Chairman  Morrison  of  the  Commission  said  that 
making  rates  cheap  to  this  coast  would  -tlose  all  the 
mills  in  the  country,  except  those  on  the  Atlantic 
coast.  Mr.  Smurr  said  the  steamers  received  19  70- 
lOUths  per  cent  of  the  business  between  New  York 
and  San  Francisco.  In  the  division  of  freight  be- 
tween Chicago  and  San  Francisco  in  the  haul  of  steel 
rails  the  Illinois  Central  receives  24  3-10ths  and  the 
Southern  Pacific  the  remainder,  or  abjul  33  cents 
per  100  pounds.  Shipments  of  20110  tons  of  rails  were 
recently  made  on  this  rate.  He  said  there  arrived 
here  from  foreign  ports  around  Cape  Horn  last  year 
2,74(1.11111)  packages  of  go  ids  which  practically  came 
into  competition  with  goods  manufactured  in  the 
United  States.  Packages  would  weigh  from  50  to 
2000  pounds. 

There  have  been  coming  to  San  Francisco  from 
New  York  by  water  dry  goods,  bags  and  baggings, 
bats  and  wadding,  furniture,  glass,  sewing  machines, 
springs,  steel,  stores,  tinplate,  tinware,  wire  net- 
ting, hair  rope  and  curie:!  hair,  hemp,  jute,  iron  bar, 
pigs  and  scraps,  lead,  pipe,  machinery,  mats  and 
matting,  moss,  railroad  material,  wire  goods,  cotton 
yarn,  etc. 

The  railroad  carries  goods  from  New  York  to  San 
Francisco  in  fourteen  days:  the  Panama  route  re- 
quires about  forty  days. 

Said  Mr.  Smurr:  "  Market  competition  fixes  our 
rates  to  a  large  extent.  San  Francisco  is  a  market 
for  stoves.  The  stove  that  can  be  sold  the  cheapest 
and  laid  down  the  cheapest  is  the  stove  that  will  be 
sold  in  the  San  Francisco  market, 

"  Tu  the  case  of  steel  rails  they  are  carried  from 
Pittsburg  in  clippers  at  15  cents  per  100  pounds,  and 
from  there  to  San  Francisco  for  40  cents.  To  get 
the  haul,  the  railroads  must  meet  it  with  a  rate  of 
55  cents." 

Regarding  the  competition  on  steel  rails,  Mr. 
Smurr  said:  "The  rate  on  rails  is  60  cents  from 
New  York  to  San  Francisco  by  rail;  by  sea  about  $."> 
a  ton." 

The  attorney  for  the  Colorado  people  asked  Mr. 
Smurr  if  he  thought  a  $1.60  rate  from  Denver  fair 
as  compared  with  a  60-cent  rate  from  Chicago  on 
the  same  goods.  The  reply  was:  "We  say  a  $1.60 
rate  from  Pueblo  to  San  Francisco  is  a  logical  rate. 
We  would  like  to  see  the  competition  of  markets 
enter  into  the  question  of  rates  whenever  it  can  be 
considered  without  involving  the  railroads  into  obser- 
vance of  the  long  and  short  haul  between  all  points." 
The  whole  question  of  Denver  or  Chicago  or  New 


York  entering  into  competition  with  San  Francisco 
is  of  importance  only  as  commensurate  with  their 
natural  resources,  industrial  skill  and  commercial 
zeal.  Prices  and  quality  of  products  determine  the 
market. 

The  discussion  now  going  on  in  Denver  is  of  less 
local  importance  than  would  be  one  here  of  East- 
bound  freights.  The  question  of  supremest  interest 
has,  so  far  as  we  know,  not  yet  been  touched  on — 
Shall  San  Francisco  manufacturers  about  face  and 
move  to  have  this  city  considered  as  one  of  the  front 
doors  instead  of  the  back  door  of  the  American  con- 
tinent ? 

Needs   Revision. 


Mr.  Edward  Atkinson  is  our  most  prominent 
American  statistician.  His  pleasant  though  inaccu- 
rate style  of  argument  militates  against  the  value  of 
the  statistics  he  so  laboriously  collates.  In  the  most 
recent  of  the  many  brochures  favoring  gold  mono- 
metallism, Mr.  Atkinson  says: 

In  1860  the  unit  or  standard  of  value  of  this  country  was  a 
dollar  made  of  gold.  It  had  been  so  since  1834,  when,  in  order 
to  keep  silver  coin  for  small  change  in  the  country,  the 
standard  of  silver  coinage  was  reduced  from  that  which  had 
been  established  by  Hamilton  at  It!  of  silver  to  I  of  gold  to  15 
to  1. 

Mr.  Atkinson  knows  a  great  many  things  that  are 
not  so.  The  above  is  one  of  them.  The  fact  that 
the  excerpt  quoted  is  exactly  opposite  to  the  truth 
does  not  tend  to  augment  Mr.  A.'s  reputation  for 
accuracy. 

In  1792  the  ratio  favored  by  Alexander  Hamilton, 
after  patient  research,  and  fixed  by  law,  was  15  to  1. 
This  was  changed  in  1S34  to  Hi  to  1,  when  the  law 
made  each  eagle  contain  232  grains  of  pure  gold,  in- 
stead of  247i  grains,  as  by  the  law  of  1792.  The 
gold  dollar  of  1792  had  24}  grains  of  pure  gold,  fn 
1834  it.  was  reduced  to  231  grains  of  pure  gold. 

The  contest  between  the  railroad  companies  and 
the  miners  of  Montana,  similar  in  the  main  to  the 
present  one  of  like  character  in  this  State,  resulted 
in  the  last  days  of  the  53d  Congress  in  a  victory  for 
the  miner,  a  law  being  passed  authorizing  the  Presi- 
dent to  appoint  three  commissioners  to  classify  the 
mineral  area  of  that  State;  this  being  supplementary 
to  the  suspension  of  issuance  of  patents  to  the  rail- 
way companies  for  unadjudged  mineral  lands  therein. 
President  Cleveland's  appointees  are  non-residents 
of  Montana.  His  motives  are  not  to  be  impugned, 
but  it  is  a  matter  of  regret  that  Jie  saw  lit  to  ignore 
the  fact  that  Montana  has  many  mining  men,  mani- 
festly more  fit  to  properly  discharge  the  duties  of 
such  commission  than  citizens  of  Ohio  or  Indiana. 
Were  the  question  one  of  purely  agricultural  land  in 
either  of  those  Stales,  an  Ohio  or  Indiana  man 
might  express. some  surprise  were  the  President  to 
select  a  resident  of  a  Montana  mining  town  or  a 
California  mine  superintendent  to  constitute  the 
determining  body.  The  matter  is  one  of  keen  dis- 
appointment in  Montana.  The  Governor  of  that 
commonwealth  writes:  "Men  destitute  of  prac- 
tical knowledge  bearing  upon  the  matter  of 
mineral  lands,  whose  ideas  have  been  formed 
in  a  school  of  experience  wholly  different  from 
the  conditions  which  will  surround  them  as 
members  of  a  commission  to  classify  these  lands, 
cannot,  in  the  nature  of  things,  deal  as  intelligently 
with  the  question  as  the  interests  of  t lie  people 
require.  It  is  the  misfortune  of  those  States  directly 
interested  in  the  preservation  of  their  mineral  lands 
that  their  classification  should  be  delegated  to  men 
confessedly  ignorant  of  the  nature  and  scope  of  the 
duties  they  will  be  called  upon  to  perform."  He  has 
selected  three  Montana  men  to  co-operate  (if  allowed) 
with  the  presidential  appointees,  and  delicately 
tender  some  necessary  knowledge  of  the  subject  in 
dispute. 

Reqardinq  overproduction,  waul  of  consumption, 
etc..  it  is  remarked: 

1.  That  production,  in  the  grand  aggregate, 
doubles  every  ten  years. 

2.  That  in  e"aeh  decade  there  is  usually  a  period 
of  about  five  years  in  wlveh  it  declines,  or  remains 
practically  stationary. 

3.  That  in  the  succeeding  five  years  it  usually 
leaps  forward,  till  the  grand  average  of  ten  per  cent 
annual  increase  is  attained. 

4.  We  are  in  the  fifth  year  of  decline  from  the 
maximum  output  of  1890. 


May  4,  1895. 


Miming  and  Scientific  Press. 


276 


Concentrates. 


Tin.  Truckee  river  i.s  higher  than  fi  v    -  /eral  years. 

Tin.  Pilot  Bay,  h.  c,  smelter  is  temporarily  closed  down. 

TBI  henver  paper  mills  have  daily  used  six  tons  of  kaoliu 
from  Silver  Cliff. 

h  i-.  believed  thai  the  gold  output  ol  California  for  '9fl  will 
H5, 000,000 

A  411-m.oii'  mm. i.  is  in. w  running  steadily  on  the  Congress 
mine,  n     rP         tt,  Arizona. 

A  1 00- roar  ii  wii  la  being  run  In  the  Lupin  gravel  mine, 
Washington  ridge,  Nevada  Co. 

TdBRR&reSOOmoremenat  work  Id  the  coal  mines  in  Belt, 
Idaho,  than  there  were  a  year  ago. 

Tin  Black  Oak  mine,  near  Now  Kngland  Mills,  Placer 
Is  reported  bonded  for  160,000. 

Thb  United  Verde  Copper  Company  gives  employment    to 

800  men  at  its  mines  at  Jerome,  Arizona. 

[T  Is  expected  that  work   will   shortly   be  resumed  on   the 

nnial  mine,  Washington  ridge,  Nevada  Co. 
I'm;  Nevada  City  Herald  hears  that  Supt.    Howard    intends 
adding  ten  stamps  to  the  Oak  Tree  mill  at  Maybert. 

Alex.  Baking  has  bought  the  North  Pole  quartz  mine,  in 
Cracker  Creek  district,  UakerCo.,  Oregon,  for  $55,000. 

11  \\  ii. ah,  Kern  Co.,  Is  shipping  a  carload  of  antimouy  ore  a 
month  bere,  where  it  brings  $35  per  ton.  The  ore  yields  from 
4.-.  t0  ''"'■.,. 

The  Granite  Hill  Mining  Co.,  Nevada  Co.,  have  rejected  the 
bids  for  pumping  water  out  of  the  mine  and  hired  men  on 
day's  pay  to  do  it. 

There  are  now  seveuty-eight  men  at  work  in  the  various 
mines  near  Silver  City,  Nevada,  and  a  large  number  are 
WOi  king  individual  claims. 

The  Ti  (bunt  Bays  Salt  Lake  smelters  are  endeavoring  to  ob- 
tain cheaper  production  methods  in  order  to  successfully  com- 
pete with  prevailing  conditions. 

The  Wadsworth,  New,  Dispatch  says  about  every  day  finds 
some  miner  with  blaukets  on  his  back  passing  through  there 
en  route  to  Butte  City,  Montana. 

Toe  new  30-stamp  mill  at  Silver  Peak,  Nevada,  will  start  up 
about  the  1st  prox.  There  is  already  enough  ore  on  the  dump 
to  keep  the  mill  running  several  mouths. 

Prospectors  are  reported  "rushing"  from  all  parts  of  New 
Mexico  and  Arizona  toward  the  newly  alleged  gold  find  at 
Carlisle,  fifty  miles  from  Lordsburg,  New  Mexico. 

Amalie  mining  district  has  been  organized  in  Kern  Co., 
Cal.,  at  Amalie  P.  O. ;  Geo.  E.  Foster,  district  recorder.  The 
Occidental  Mining  Co.  is  pushing  development  work. 

Ada  Reran  in  silver,  the  celebrated  statue  from  Montana, 
is  now  on  exhibition  here  in  a  store  on  Market  street.  It  is 
nine  feet  high,  of  solid  silver,  aud  is  valued  at  $01,800. 

The  Inter-Mountain  says  that  the  men  working  on  the  1000- 
foot  level  of  the  Anaconda  mine  at  Butte,  Montana,  find  their 
whiskers  "changing  from  their  natural  color  to  a  pale  green." 

The  Henrietta  quartz  mill,  near  the  Alta  mines  in  Owyhee 
county,  Idaho,  has  been  leased  to  the  Alta  Gold  Mining  Co. 
for  the  period  of  one  .year,  aud  will  immediately  be  put  in 
operation. 

The  largest  bar  of  gold  bullion  ever  cast  at  the  Boise,  Idaho, 
assay  office  weighs  1334.34  ounces,  is  987  fine,  worth  §25,888.15, 
the  product  of  twenty-three  days'  run  at  the  Virtue  mine, 
Baker  City,  Oregon. 

The  Lockwood  Consolidated  Mining  and  Milling  Company 
has  incorporated  in  this  city.  Capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  L. 
Shores,  T.  Fox,  R.  Feige,  K.  J.  Turner  and  C.  Cleve  of  San 
Francisco,  directors. 

The  Bimetallic  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  in  Oak- 
land. Capital  stock,  $2,000,000.  J.  L.  Green,  A.  J.  Cabral  of 
San  Francisco,  J.  H.  Lucas,  J.  F.  McShain  and  J.  M.  Strout 
of  Oakland,  directors. 

A  deposit  of  native  quicksilver  found  in  the  center  of  the 
town  of  Calistoga  revives  memories  of  similar  finds,  which 
ended  indefinitely.  The  present  find  occasions  considerable 
prospecting  in  the  vicinity. 

The  Gold  Bank,  at  Forbes  town,  Cal.,  now  has  its  shaft  down 
350  feet.  A  tunnel  is  being  driven  to  tap  the  ledge  at  the 
depth  of  1400  feet.  The  ledge  is  eighteen  feet  in  thickness 
and  of  a  uniform  rich  character.     Ninety  men  are  employed. 

The  Odessa  Gold  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  in  Sac- 
ramento; capital  stock,  $1,000,000.  G.  A.  Ottmann,  H.  W. 
Bragg,  J.  A.  Peck,  R.  C.  Irvine  and  G.  C.  Hoi  brook  of  that 
city  are  directors.    They  will  operate  a  mine  in  Shasta  county. 

The  first  gold  ever  known  to  have  been  taken  from  the  mid- 
dle fork  of  the  Coquille  river,  Oregon,  was  brought  into 
Marshfield  this  week  and  sold  to  B.  C.  Lehmanowsky.  It 
was  placer  mined  from  the  river  bed  opposite  Enchanted 
prairie. 

The  Denver  Record  says  that  an  Eastern  chemist  passed 
through  that  city  a  few  days  ago  en  route  from  southern 
Colorado,  where  he  has  been  examining  a  discovery  of  tin  ore. 
He  predicts  "a  tremendous  excitement"  as  soon  as  the  local- 
ity is  made  public. 

The  Lake  View  Mining  Company  will  start  on  their  mines 
on  the  15th.  They  are  building  a  twenty-stamp  mill.  J.  W. 
Moakler  is  manager.  This  group  of  mining  claims  is  in  the 
South  Side  mining  district,  thirteen  miles  from  Argenta  and 
twenty-eight  miles  from  Dillon,  Montana. 

The  12th  report  of  the  State  Mineralogist  is  about  out  of 
print.  Thei*e  were  6000  copies  printed,  but  the  extraordinary 
demand  has  exhausted  the  supply.  The  universal  interest  in 
the  gold  mines  of  the  State  and  the  valuable  nature  of  the 
report  occasioned  an  unusual  run  on  the  volume. 

In  the  Cochiti  district,  Colorado,  smelter  returns  show  a 
general  average  of  25  to  35  per  cent  gold,  the  balance  being 
silver.  Specimen  assay  samples  run  high,  but  the  average 
smelter  returns  so  far,  for  assorted  ores  shipped,  appears  to 
be  from  $80  to  $100  per  ton  ;  ores  taken  out  of  all  of  the  principal 


proapeotd  ranging  n>  in  $20  to  Wopor  ton  are  not  boing  shipped 
at  present. 

Last  Monday  night  the   body  Ol    John    Munolmn,    ti  ft  y  live 
q|  age,  who  had  been  missing  for  two  weeks,  was  found 
partially  submerged  in*  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  of  an  aban- 
doned mine  on   Demurest    Hill,  near  Angela, Calaveras  Co      A 
coroner's  |urj  returned  a  verdict  of  accidental  death. 

K.  s.   DbGolybr  is  developing  the  Gottsohalk mine,  near 
San  Andreas ;  a  3-compartment  shaft  is  down  100  Feet,  and  a 
cut  started  west.     The  rock  assays  $10  to  $15.    A  com- 
plete plant  will  be  put  in.     The  owner  will  return  from  Salt 
Lake  this  wool;  in  reside  at  San  Andreas  permanently. 


Tin  annual  company  is  being  organized  to  look  for  a  mythical 
gold  ledge  fouud  on  the  Mojave  desert  many  years  ago,  but 
lost  sight  of  by  reason  of  the  death  from  heat  aud  thirst  of  the 
finder.  Considerable  money  and  effort  are  yearly  squandered 
in  this  way,  but  usually  the  expedition  starts  a  little  earlier 
than  May. 

D.  Bonei.1,1,  of  Rioville,  Nevada,  has  bonded  his  mica  claims 

to  Salt  Lake  parties  for  $10,000,  final  payments  to  be  made  by 
the  first  of  November  next.  Four  men  are  at  work  opening 
the  claims  up.  They  are  situated  about  fifteen  miles  up  the 
river  from  Kioville.  Sheets  of  mica  six  inches  square  are 
taken  out. 

T.  Patterson,  of  White  Hills,  Arizoua,  has  bonded  from 
Phelps  aud  Holmes  their  interests  in  the  Crescent,  Nevada, 
district  for  $S000  for  three  months  and  have  men  at  work  on 
some  of  the  claims.  Part  of  the  money  is  already  paid,  and 
he  is  said  to  be  negotiating  for  the  purchase  of  the  Legal 
Tender  Co.'smill. 

Gold  receipts  at  the  Denver  branch  mint,  during  April 
reached  $241,572.10,  compared  with  $483,242.02  for  April,  1894, 
a  decrease  of  $241,070.52,  or  fifty  percent.  The  falling  off  is 
accounted  for  by  the  entire  absence  of  deposits  of  gold  bars 
by  the  smelters,  which  are  being  disposed  of  at  a  premium  to 
brokers  in  New  York. 

The  Nevada  Transcript  says  that  it  cost  the  shareholders  of 
the  Idaho  mine  $38,549.75  to  realize  about  $12,000,000,  which 
was  the  total  production  at  the  time  of  its  purchase  by  the 
Maryland  Company.  That  is  an  exception  to  the  rule,  but 
there  are  many  other  instances  of  magnificent  returns  on 
meager  investments. 

W.  F.  Kendrick,  of  Denver,  writes:  "There  is  a  large  in- 
crease in  the  tonnageof  ore  received  at  the  smelters  since  the 
dissolution  of  the  Smelters'  Clearing  House  Association,  on 
account  of  the  reduction  of  both  smelting  and  railroad  charges, 
which  encourages  the  shipping  of  a  lower  grade  of  ores,  which 
can  now  be  sold  at  a  liberal  profit." 

H.  E.  Pickett,  manager  and  part  owner  of  the  Grand  Vic- 
tory mine,  near  Placerville,  says,  regarding  the  present  liti- 
gation, that  neither  Clark  nor  Stratton  own  anything  in  the 
mine;  that  Thompson  had  some  contingent  interest  with 
Clark,  but  that  was  all  extinguished  before  the  present 
owners  took  hold  of  the  property. 

Hiram  Johnson  is  going  to  build  a  mill  in  Eureka,  Nevada, 
to  work  the  ores  of  the  Silver  Comet  mine  by  the  cyanide 
process.  Should  this  prove  to  be  a  success  the  base  metal 
range  will  be  greatly  benefited  by  it,  as  there  are  thousands 
of  tons  of  low-grade  ore  around  there  which  at  the  present 
time  cannot  be  worked  to  any  advantage. 

A  compant  has  been  incorporated  to  work  a  mine  of  mineral 
wax  near  Pleasant  Valley  Junction,  Utah,  The  wax  is  con- 
tained in  small  veins  and  reservoirs  in  one  larger  vein.  It  re- 
sembles beeswax  in  nature,  not  burning  but  merely  melting 
down.  Genuine  oil  rock  accompanies  the  wax.  Extensive 
commercial  use  is  expected  to  be  made  of  the  substance. 

C.  W.  and  C.  H.  Jackson,  of  New  York  City,  and  A.  Case 
of  Boise,  Idaho,  have  bought  the  Phoenix  mine,  Robinsonville 
district,  Baker  Co.,  Oregon,  for  $40,000,  one-half  to  be  paid  on 
the  5th  prox.,  the  remainder  conditional  upon  the  showing 
made  by  the  mine  in  a  certain  time  under  vigorous  develop- 
ment, the  cost  of  which  is  to  be  borne  by  the  purchasers. 

At  the  Taylor  mine,  four  miles  from  Georgetown,  El  Dorado 
Co.,  the  work  of  timbering  keeps  a  force  of  men  employed. 
They  now  have  3000  saw  logs  on  hand,  18  to  40  inches 
diameter.  The  milling  plant  has  40  steel  1000-lb.  stamps, 
which  have  a  4^-in.  drop  and  a  speed  of  105  drops  per  minute. 
A  13,000-lb.  Gates  crusher,  of  25  tons  capacity  an  hour,  is  part 
of  the  equipment. 

A  dispatch  from  Aguas  Calientes,  Mex,,  says:  "One  hun- 
dred cars  loaded  with  machinery  for  the  new  smelter  that  is 
being  erected  here  by  the  Guggenheims,  of  New  York  and 
Philadelphia,  have  arrived.  The  smelter  will  be  the  largest 
in  the  world.  The  Guggenheims  have  already  purchased 
$5,000,000  worth  of  copper  ore,  which  is  awaiting  the  comple- 
tion of  the  smelter  to  be  reduced." 

Porter  &  Richards  have  an  electro-chemical  process  iu  the 
neighborhood  of  Kernville,  Cal.,  by  which  they  claim  to  work 
ore  to  90%  of  its  assay  value  that  formerly  gave  only  22%. 
At  the  Big  Blue,  where  SO  stamps  ran  steadily  for  five  years, 
the  average  yield  was  not  over  30%  of  the  assay  value,  the 
other  70  being  supposed  to  be  in  the  bed  of  Kern  river.  The 
new  process  should  make  that  mine  a  valuable  property. 

Under  the  State  law  of  March,  '93,  California  mine  owners 
are  required  to  use  a  uniform  code  of  bell  signals  in  hoisting, 
and  to  properly  post  copies  of  the  rules  in  their  mines.  If  the 
rules  are  not  observed  or  notices  not  posted  the  owners  are 
liable  for  damages  for  any  accidents  that  may  occur  in  such 
mine  while  it  is  operated  contrary  to  law.  The  official  code, 
printed  on  cloth  and  ready  for  posting,  can  be  had  at  this 
office. 

Talking  of  Montana  the  Butte  Review  says  that  this  is  go- 
ing to  be  a  great  season  for  mining  operations,  more  particu- 
larly in  the  line  of  prospecting  and  the  opening  up  of  new 
placer  and  quartz  districts.  Already  the  hills  are  filled  with 
prospectors  opening  up  ground  that  for  many  years  has  been 
considered  worthless.  Old  mines  that  have  been  abandoned 
for  years  and  placer  diggings  that  were  abandoned  long  ago 
are  again  being  worked. 

The  entire  plant  of  the  Double  Eagle  Mining  Company,  of 
Maiden,  Montana,  was  sold  at  sheriff's  sale  Thursday  to 
satisfy  judgments  of  three  preferred  creditors,  aggregating 
about  $10,000.  The  famous  Spotted  Horse  mine,  which  in  its 
time  has  been  one  of  the  fancy  gold  producers  of  Montana, 


was I'biof umong   the   properties    to   he    knocked   off    to   the 
I  bidder,  and  the  celebrated  mine,  the  pride  ol    Fergus 
COUUty,  went  for  a  song,  mine  and  mill  bringing  $sihxi, 

According  to  the  Cripple  Creek,  Colorado.  Jom-mii,  the 
leasers  of  that  camp  are  making  mines  out  ■  >!  the  ground  that 
would  otherwise  be  lying  idle  did  theynol  take  hold  and  open 

them  up.  The  companies  simply  hold  the  sack  ami  rake  in 
their  royalties,  ranging  from  i.v„  to  ■;;>"„.  Then  come  the 
hungry  sub-leasers  who  are  anxious  to  gel  a  mouthful  of 
ground  that  they  may  make  a  living  for  themselves— and 
money  for  the  company.  They  pay  from  30%  to  35%,  and  3ome 
us  high  as  tu"„. 

At  the  McCabe  mine,  near  Proseott,  Arizona,  last  Satur- 
day, Peter  McGlendon,  a  miner,  started  with  a  companion  to 
go  from  the  350-foot  level  to  the  top  of  the  shaft  in  a  cage  used 
for  hoisting  ore.  At  the  350-foot  level  he  took  a  third  man  on  ; 
and  in  pulling  the  bell  cord  to  signal  the  engineer  t"  hoist  lin- 
eage, the  wire  rope  broke  about  200  feet  above  them  and 
dropped  on  to  the  rage,  eatehiug  McGlendon  in  its  coils,  caus- 
ing him  to  fall  sixty  feet  to  the  bottom  of  the  shaft.  His  net  k 
was  broken  by  the  fall.  His  two  companions  escaped  without 
injury. 

The  deepest  gold  reef  in  Australia  is  the  property  of  the 
New  Chum  Railway  Gold  Mining  Company,  Bendigo,  Victoria. 
The  reef  is  being  worked  at  the  depth  of  2,845  ft.  from  the 
surface,  and  a  crushing  of  197  tons  of  quartz  has  yielded  2S5  ozs. 
of  gold.  The  temperature  in  the  level  is  excessively  high, 
the  air  heavy  and  oppressive  through  impurities  exhausted 
from  the  air-driven  rock-drills,  and  the  water  which  oozes 
from  the  face  is  quite  warm.  The  men  at  work  wear  nothing 
but  trousers  and  boots,  and  the  perspiration  streams  off  their 
bodies  as  though  they  were  being  hosed  down. 

Professor  R.  H.  Bliven,  who  committed  suicide  at  Loomis, 
Wash.,  last  week,  was  a  thorough  assayer,  chemist  and 
metallurgist,  and  had  been  identified  with  Okanogan  since  it 
became  a  mining  country,  being  connected  with  the  Black 
Bear  mill  and  later  with  the  Triune  mill.  He  had  for  a  long 
time  been  working  upon  a  chemical  process  of  extracting 
metals  from  ore,  which  wras  considered  practical  by  many  of 
those  who  had  witnessed  the  operation.  In  small  teets, 
twenty  minutes  was  sufficient  to  liquefy  the  pulp  and  pre- 
cipitate the  metals.  The  knowledge  of  this  process  dies 
with  him. 

Messrs.  Hooper,  Tibbetts  and  Allison  are  building  a  ten- 
stamp  quartz  mill  at  the  forks  of  Kern  river  to  be  run  on 
Keysville  ore.  They  have  the  ditch  ready  to  turn  water  on 
the  wheel  and  the  excavation  finished  for  the  mill  and  the 
tail-race.  This  site  is  on  the  banks  of  Rich  gulch,  out  of  the 
reach  of  the  freshets  of  Kern  river.  Early  miners  made  many 
efforts  to  utilize  the  waters  of  Kern  river  in  crushing  Keys- 
ville rock,  but  all  these  efforts  came  to  grief  as  the  result  of 
high  water,  and  of  late  years  most  of  the  gold  of  that  district 
has  been  taken  out  by  horse  power  at  au  average  cost  of  about 
$8  per  ton  in  addition  to  hauling. 

The  Mayflower,  in  Placer  Co.,  paid  a  dividend  of  $10,000  in 
March,  a  total  of  $30,000  since  Jan.  1st.  The  Morning  Star,  in 
the  same  county,  paid  $16,800  that  month,  $30,000  since  Jan. 
1st.  The  Standard,  of  Bodie,  also  paid  $10,000  in  March.  The 
Kennedy  mine,  of  Amador  county,  has  paid  $90,000  since  Jan. 
1st.  Others  not  reported  are  paying  big  monthly  dividends 
right  along.  It  is  calculated  that  148  dividend-paying  mines 
have  paid  $300,000,000  since  '71.  It  is  figured  that  their  gross 
output  for  that  time  was  $1,500,000,000  and  that  $1,200,000,000 
was  paid  out  for  machinery,  supplies,  labor,  etc.  That  is,  a 
billion  and  a  half  was  added  to  the  solid,  tangible,  perma- 
nent wealth  of  the  world,  the  dividend  part  being  Incidental. 

Among  recent  Colorado  gold  mining  incorporations  are  the 
Minnie  Brown  Mining  Company,  an  Ohio  concern;  capital 
stock,  $25,000;  A.  E.  Monett  of  Sterling,  Colo.,  is  local  agent; 
High  Line  Gold  Placer  Mining  Company,  to  develop  placer 
claims  in  Rio  Hondo  mining  district,  Taos  county;  capital, 
$1,000,000;  Maxon  Mining  Company  ;  capital  stock,  $10,000;  to 
operate  in  Boulder  county;  Mineral  Hill  Gold  Mining  and 
Milling  Company ;  capital  stock,  $500,000;  to  operate  in  Park 
and  Arapahoe  counties;  Gough  Mining  Company;  capital 
stock,  $100,000;  to  operate  in  El  Paso  county;  Midas  Mining 
Company:  capital  stock,  $100,000;  to  operate  in  Lake  and  Ara- 
pahoe counties;  The  Manthald  Gold  Mining  Company;  capital 
stock,  $250,000;  to  operate  in  Gilpin  county;  The  Erie  Gold 
Mining  and  Milling  Company ;  capital  stock,  $100,000;  head- 
quarters in  Denver. 

Considerable  placer  mining  will  be  done  in  southern  Oregon 
this  season.  There  is  some  stir  in  the  vicinity  of  Gold  Hill, 
about  fifteen  miles  from  Jacksonville,  Jackson  Co.  The  Gold 
Hill  Channel  Mining  Co.  has  several  claims  on  Foote  creek, 
two  miles  from  Rogue  river,  along  an  ancient  river  channel 
which  they  have  tunneled  1500  feet  and  which  turns  out 
11  black  gold  "  bringing  $1S  an  ounce  at  the  mint  in  this  city. 
Ed.  Schieffelin,  the  discoverer  of  the  Tombstone,  Arizona, 
mines,  is  running  a  tunnel  near  Woodville,  the  ore  from  which 
is  rich  in  free  gold.  He  has  another  claim  on  California 
creek,  and  a  five-stamp  mill  which  turns  out  good  returns.  F. 
Laurence,  from  another  adjacent  quartz  claim,  recently  sent 
11  tons  of  ore  to  this  city,  which  brought  him  $4800,  at  an  al- 
leged expense  of  $500.  It's  a  good  country  to  mine  in,  and  is 
attracting  the  renewed  attention  of  the  prospector  and  the 
capitalist. 

The  daily  questions  sent  to  this  office  often  embrace  some 
that  make  correct  answer  difficult.  The  inquiries  are  an- 
swered as  quickly  and  correctly  as  possible,  though  accuracy 
is  not  always  claimed.  One  came  last  Tuesday  week  that  is 
given  publicity,  contrary  to  our  usual  custom.  Ttis:  "How 
many  stamps  are  in  present  operation  in  California  !  "  From 
procurable  data  it  is  believed  that  the  following  would  ap- 
proximate the  number:  Amador,  245;  Butte,  175;  Calaveras, 
290;  El  Dorado,  330;  Fresno,  40;  Inyo,  25;  Kern,  35;  Lassen, 
40;  Los  Angeles,  25;  Madera,  35;  Mariposa,  35;  Mono,  90; 
Nevada,  375;  Placer,  140;  Plumas,  180;  Riverside,  90;  San 
Bernardino,  05;  San  Diego,  75;  Shasta,  295;  Sierra,  90;  Siski- 
you, 190;  Tulare,  40;  Tuolumne,  70;  Trinity,  105;  Ventura,  20  ; 
Yuba,  25.  Total,  3125.  Exactness  is  not  claimed.  If  any  re- 
cent list  has  been  published  it  has  escaped  our  attention,  and 
any  effort  to  secure  the  exact  number  must,  obviously,  be  ap- 
proximate. If  our  interior  contemporaries,  who  are  severally 
better  acquainted  with  their  localities  than  any  one  person 
can  be,  will  send  a  completed  estimate  of  the  number  in 
operation  of  which  they  are  cognizant,  the  Press  will  be 
pleased  to  publish  it. 


270 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  4,  1895. 


A  Great  Mining  Empire,  and  Other  Matters. 


To  the  Editor: — We  of  California  have  a  great 
idea  of  our  enterprise  in  mining.  During  the 
bonanza  days  we  showed  an  aptitude  for  the  pursuit, 
and  during  the  excitement  of  the  Comstock  we 
had  much  to  be  proud  of,  but  when  we  come  to  com- 
pare all  we  ever  did  there,  even  were  we  to  class  the 
entire  Comstock  as  one  enterprise,  and  all  we  have 
done  since,  the  whole  falls  into  insignifieance  when 
we  stop  to  review  the  scope  of  the  British  South 
African  Co.,  which  has  secured  from  the  English 
Government  a  mining  empire  larger  than  all  the 
mining  counties  of  California  combined,  and  in  that 
territory  they  have  discovered  and  --"'-'  pegged  off  " 
] 890  miles  of  quartz  reefs.  This  stupendous  incor- 
poration, with  its  $100,000,000  of  capital,  is  capital- 
izing other  companies  and  placing  them  on  the  Euro- 
pean market,  all  forming  a  source  of  revenue  that 
will  outvie  in  time  the  fabled  wealth  of  Croesus.  Out 
of  these  1890  miles  of  quartz  claims  there  are  380 
miles  of  ancient  workings,- and  it  is  estimated  that 
millions  of  pounds  of  gold  have  been  extracted,  judg- 
ing from  the  excavations  made. 

At  the  present  time  all  Europe  is  in  a  mining 
[ever — a  fever,  it  is  said,  which  has  its  parallel  only 
in  the  "South  Sea  Bubble"  and  the  Tulip  craze. 
But  in  this  African  furor  there  is  a  substance  at  its 
back  which  the  "  bubbles  "  had  not,  and  which  has 
built  it  up  and  will  carry  it  on  to  a  greater  outcome. 
This  substance  is  in  the  $125,000,000  of  gold  that  has 
been  produced  in  the  past  six  years,  and  in  the  $35,- 
000,000  per  annum  that  is  now  the  outcome  of  the 
Witwatersrand  alone.  The  Witwatersrand  is  en- 
tirely foreign  to  the  British  South  African  Co.,  with 
its  1890  miles  of  discovered  quartz  reefs. 

One's  imagination  can  hardly  grasp  the  future  of 
these  African  gold  fields  and  their  effect  on  the 
moiiied  centers  of  the  world,  particularly  so  when 
we  consider  the  question  of  our  perfected  mechanical 
and  chemical  appliances  for  the  extraction  of  gold, 
and  also  the  vast  population  of  the  cheapest  labor 
anywhere  obtainable  which  is  at  hand  there. 

We  in  California  boast  of  our  gold  area  and  think 
that  we  are  doing  wonders,  when  in  fact  we  are  fall- 
ing into  the  background  as  a  gold -producing  State 
and  in  another  year,  unless  we  "brush  up,"  will  fall 
behind  Colorado,  which  has  made  no  pretensions  as  a 
gold- producer  until  within  the  past  five  years.  From 
a  yearly  yield  of  about  $70,000,000  we  have  fallen  off 
to' less  than  $14,000,000.  Of  course  there  is  a  good 
cause  for  the  major  part  of  this  decline,  but  when 
California's  gold  yield  falls  below  $25,000,000  per  an- 
num it  is  through  the  action  or  inaction  of  her  own 
people.  The  tirade  against  hydraulic  mining  has 
cost  the  people  of  the  State  a  loss  of  at  least  $200,- 
000,000  of  gold,  considering  what  would  have  been 
produced  b}'  this  class  of  mining  and  also  in  other 
ventures  by  the  use  of  this  money.  In  consequence, 
we  have  for  years  been  crying  "hard  times."  Is  it 
any  wonder  when  we  have  cut  off  one  of  the  great 
resources  of  wealth,  and  which  could  not  be  absorbed 
by  railroad  tariffs  ? 

The  business  wealth  of  California  is  not  in  her  com- 
merce. We  have  no  great  commercial  brains.  Our 
grain  interest  has  no  future  like  in  the  past,  as 
Canada  and  Tndia  are  to  supply  in  the  main  the  Rug- 
lish  market.  Our  wine,  wool  and  fruit  products  are 
mainly  absorbed  by  railroad  greed.  What,  then, 
have  we  to  look  to  for  much  profit  but  to  work  our 
mines  ?  Our  mechanical  establishments  are  com- 
paratively at  a  standstill  and  from  the  simple  fact 
that  we  allow  the  East — I  may  say  Chicago — to  un 
dersell  us,  and  deliver  the  goods  in  parcels  at  our 
very  doors.  For  business,  says  one,  we  want  more 
money.  Are  not  our  mountains  stored  up  with  gold  ? 
Why  should  not  the  effort  be  made  to  take  it  out  ? 
The  State  has  never  been  so  prosperous  as  when  we 
mined  most,  and  why  is  not  mining  the  most  desir- 
able of  all  pursuits  for  California  ami  Nevada  ?  Min- 
ing  on  a  scale  to  correspond  with  the  expanse  of  out- 
gold  fields  would  soon  stop  the  cry  of  "no  money;" 
it  would  cause  the  fires  to  be  started  up  in  our  foun- 
dries, and  also  give  general  activity  to  every  branch 
of  trade.  The  time  has  come  when  we  should  awaken 
to  the  fact  that  while  the  rest  of  the  world  are  giv^ 
ing  out  much  of  their  energy  and  capital  for  mining 
enterprises,  Californians  at  least  should  maintain 
their  past  record  by  doing  their  part  in  the  opening 
up  of  new  gold  resources,  for  the  good  of  themselves 
if  not  for  the  world  at  large.  We  cry  for  more  money 
when  we  have  not  only  gold  fields,  but  silver  ones  as 
well,  seeking  the  hand  of  capital,  and  which  would, 
were  it  not  for  the  work  of  selfish  bankers,  be  add- 
ing their  wealth  for  the  enrichment  of  mankind.  The 
cry  of  a  lack  of  parity  of  the  metals  is  as  devoid  of 
force  as  it  is  of  fact.  When  we  sum  up  the  volume 
of  the  two  precious  metals  and  give  a  thought  to  the 
output  of  gold  in  all  the  gold-producing  countries  of 
the  world,  we  see  that  unless  silver-mining  is  re- 
sumed that  metal  will  soon  reach  the  point  of  being 
the  one  most  desirable  and  useful  for  business  pur- 
poses. That  there  should  be  a  political  rebellion  on 
the  silver  question,  every  man  of  figures  can  see. 

The  masses,  to  save  themselves  from  wading  in  the 
slough  of  poverty,  must  rise  and  overthrow  the  force 
of  the  banking  powers  which  is  arrayed  against 
them.  Our  upward  chances  for  wealth  and  comfort 
are   in   proportion   as   we   can  mine   and.  mint.  the. 


precious  metals,  and  until  this  is  done  in  order  to 
get  more  money,  we  will  have  to  wade  on  in  our 
poverty-stricken  channels.  It  is  the  most  simple 
and  comprehensive  of  business  propositions,  and  why 
should  we  not,  as  intelligent  people,  act  upon  it  ? 
Europe  is  even  now  reviving  in  monied  wealth, 
drawn  from  her  mines  in  South  Africa,  Australia 
and  America,  and  it  devolves  upon  us  as  a  precious 
metal- producing  country  to  become  enterprising  also, 
by  extracting  our  metallic  wealth  for  use  and  when 
this  is  done  we  should  devise  ways  for  retaining  it, 
which  we  have  been  too  slack  in  accomplishing  in  the 
past.  Almarin  B.  Paul. 

San  Francisco,  April  30,  '95. 

Brickwork   Built  to  Last. 


In  demolishing  a  part  of  the  Albert  warehouses  in 
Liverpool,  belonging  to  the  Mersey  Bocks  and 
Harbor  Board,  it  occurred  to  the  assistant  engineer 
in  charge  of  the  work  to  make  some  investigations 
into  the  strength  of  the  old  brickwork.  The  wall 
was  built,  about  fifty  years  ago  of  hand-made  bricks, 
laid  in  ground  mortar  made  with  Flintshire  lime. 
This  lime  is  in  a  high  degree  hydraulic  and  has  a 
reputation  of  making  mortar  of  exceptionally  good 
quality.  The  Journal  of  the  Royal  Institute  of  Brit- 
ish Architecture,  which  describes  the  investigation, 
states  that  the  engineer  conceived  the  happy  thought 
of  leaving  a  piece  of  it  in  the  form  of  a  horizontal 
beam,  having  a  twelve-foot  span  and  measuring 
about  two  feet  square  in  section,  seven  courses  in 
the  height  of  a  two-foot  wall.  The  ends  of  the 
beams  were  not  cut  free  from  the  rest  of  the  work. 
This  beam  was  then  loaded  with  all  the  weight  that 
could  be  conveniently  piled  upon  it,  with  no  appre- 
ciable deflection  or  other  sign  of  weakness  resulting. 
Two  courses  were  then  cut  off  and  the  whole  weight 
again  put  on,  but  without  other  result.  The  beam 
was  further  reduced  by  a  course,  leaving  it  four 
courses,  or  fourteen  inches  deep,  and  the  ends  were 
also  cut  free  from  the  other  work — the  mortar  beds 
of  the  twelve-inch  bearings  being  untouched.  A 
centrally  placed  load  of  five  tons  fifteen  hundred- 
weight was  then  gradually  piled  upon  it,  and  was 
borne  for  several  days  without  apparent  effect  upon 
the  brickwork.  Finally  the  weight  was  increased  to 
six  tons  nine  hundredweight  twenty-three  pounds, 
when  the  beam  collapsed  during  the  night  and 
came  down  in  pieces  more  like  broken  timber  than 
anything  else.  Other  tests  were  made  with  similarly 
astonishing  results,  but  the  above  are  sufficient  to 
show  what  really  first-rate  'brickwork  in  hydraulic 
lime  will  stand. 


The  gold  in  the  Lank  of  France  increased  during 
1894  by  $71,600,000,  and  since  the  1st  of  January 
$16,000,000  more  have  been  added  to  this,  making  the 
total  reserve  $427,000,000.  But  the  Bank  of  France 
does  not  pay  out  all  its  gold  on  demand,  as  does  the 
United  States  Treasury.  The  ratio  in  France  is  151 
of  silver  to  1  of  gold,  and  every  time  that  money  is 
demanded  of  the  bank  its  rule  is  to  pay  one  half  in 
gold  and  oue-half  in  silver.  This  has  not  brought 
France  to  the  silver  basis.  Both  gold  and  silver  are 
used  in  the  payment  of  debts.  Why  should  not  our 
Government  do  what  France  has  successfully  accom- 
plished ?  Our  ratio  of  16  to  1  ought  to  be  more  easily 
kept  at  parity  than  the  French  ratio.  It  was  the 
remonetization  of  silver  by  the  law  passed  in  1878 
that  made  it  possible  to  resume  specie  payments  in 
1879.  That  resumption  in  both  metals  was  followed 
by  great  prosperity  for  several  years,  until,  without 
authority  of  law,  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  made 
a  rule  discriminating  against  silver,  and  paying  debts 
in  gold  alone.  There  would  be  no  trouble  in  the 
treasury  if  the  Government  should  redeem  green- 
backs oi'  other  paper  money  half  in  gold  and  half  in 
silver,  as  the  Bank  of  France  has  all  the  time  been 
doing.  That  would  be  also  in  compliance  with  the 
law,  as  the  present  practice  is  not. 

Six  hundred  creosoted  telegraph  poles  to  hold 
wires  which  pass  over  the  high  mountains  of  Mexico 
were  sent  out  to  Tampico  on  the  British  steamship 
"  Benwick,"  from  Philadelphia.  The  poles  were  so 
black  with  the  oil  which  had  been  forced  through 
them  that  they  resembled  iron  in  both  weight,  and 
color.  It  has  been  found  in  Mexico  that  wood  is  so 
rapidly  destroyed  by  tropical  birds  and  insects  that 
it  was  necessary  to  inject  some  poison  that  would 
have  the  double  purpose  of  preserving  the  wood  and 
preventing  the  poles  from  being  used  for  roosting 
purposes.  Copper  wires  are  almost  exclusively 
used,  as  they  have  been  found  to  last  longer  and 
hold  the  weight  of  birds  and  monkeys,  which  crowd 
them  at  night.-  Electric  Review. 

It  is  reported  that  thirty-six  tons  of  caterpillars 
and  a  large  number  of  cocoons — in  all  35,000,000 
insects — were  destroyed  in  the  effort  to  drive  the 
pest  from  the  young  plantations  of  trees  on  Hong 
Kong  Island.  They  appeared  on  the  pine  trees  with 
which  the  Government  is  trying  to  reanbrest  the 
island,  and  lasted  for  two  months.  Stations  were 
established  where  the  caterpillars  were  received  and 
paid  for  by  weight,  and  this. method  appears  to  have 
proved  as  effective  as  could.be  desired. 


South  African  Gold  Mines. 

Prof.  Suess,  the  celebrated  Vienna  geologist,  has 
compiled  data  which  indicates  that  the  bursting  of 
the  South  African  boom  is  not  remote.  He  shows 
that  the  increased  production  of  those  gold  fields  is 
deceptive.  Whereas  the  yield  of  1894  was  thirty- 
seven  per  cent  above  that  of  1893,  it  was  obtained  by 
the  treatment  of  sixty-three  per  cent  more  ore.  The 
following  table,  giving  the  yield  in  pennyweights  per 
ton  for  twelve  of  the  leading  mines  of  the  district, 
shows  to  what  an  alarming  extent  the  value  of  the 
ore  decreases  with  depth.  It  must  also  be  remem- 
bered that  as  depth  is  attained  the  cost  of  mining 
increases : 

ism.       ism.        two.     i«w. 

City  ami  Suburban 8  Yi  15  30 

Crown  Reef 7U  III  1614  1-.' 

Durban  Roodeport 1114  111,,  18'4  x!5 

Jubilee io1^  it;  22  15 

Jumpers 8  7jj  »'.,  1-1 

Langlaagte  Estate s1,  u  15    .  82 

May  Consolidate 6$  9'.'.  it1/-  2U 

Robinson iyi/a  S3  3uy2  5s! 

Salisbury 131,;  32  -.-l  :i~ 

Simmer  and  Jack 8^5  !i  K'i  its 

Stanhope '.1  "  12  1BV4  Its 

Wemmer iu  ii  18'^  iti 

In  London  speculation  in  South  African  mining- 
stocks  has  reached  a  furor  hardly  equalled  in  the 
century,  and  every  thinking  man  knows  that  the 
crash  cannot  be  far  away.  This  is  to  be  deplored 
by  the  American  miner,  because  while  the  craze  is  on 
nothing  can  be  done  with  American  mining  prop- 
erties in  London,  and  because  when  the  crash  comes 
it  will  be  so  terrific  that  mining  will  suffer  general 
discredit,  and  investment  will  turn  to  other  fields. — 
Spokane  Review. 

"  They  had  an  original  and  effective  way  of  pre- 
venting strikes  on  the  Sonora  Railroad  while  it  was 
building,"  says  its  first,  superintendent.  "The 
Mexican  peons  were  queer  laborers  to  deal  with,  and 
there  were  habitual  kickers  and  agitators  among 
them  to  stir  up  discontent,  like  those  we  find  in  other 
more  enlightened  regions  where  great  works  are 
carried  on.  The  Mexican  Government,  standing  as 
a  backer  of  the  road,  was.  of  course,  interested  that 
nothing  should  interfere  with  its  progress,  and  so 
when  it  was  discovered  that  a  man  was  stirring  up 
trouble  among  his  fellow-laborers,  he  was  disposed  of 
in  a  way  peculiar  to  the  country.  Some  men  were 
detailed  to  get  him  drunk — no  difficult  task  when 
liquor  was  furnished  free — and  he  would  wake  up  in 
the  morning  to  find  himself  in  military  barracks,  and 
to  be  informed  that  he  was  an  enlisted  soldier  in  the 
army.  All  the  formalities  had  duly  been  gone 
through  with,  and  he  was  kept  in  seclusion  in  the 
barracks  until  he  was  transferred  to  some  remote 
part  of  the  Republic.  He  was  enlisted  under  an  as- 
sumed name,  so  that  when  his  friends  came  to  the 
barracks  to  inquire  after  him  by  name,  they  were 
informed  that  there  was  no  such  man  there.  If  they 
doubted  the  statement  there  were  the  rolls  which 
they  might  inspect.  As  the  Mexican  soldier  is  vir- 
tually a  prisoner,  and  the  army  is  made  up  to  a  con- 
siderable extent  of  criminals  pardoned  under  condi- 
tion of  enlisting,  no  comment  would  be  excited  by 
the  keeping  a  new  recruit  in  confinement,  and,  off  in 
Yucatan  or  Tabasco,  his  friend  would  not  hear  of 
him  again,  at  least  during  the  building  of  the  road." 


In  foundries  h  is  customary  to  immerse  castings 
in  a  bath  of  dilute  sulphuric  or  nitric  acid,  in  order 
to  remove  burnt  sand  and  scale.  This  process  is 
known  as  "pickling."  The  fumes  from  the  acid 
render  this  method  of  cleaning  the  metal  very 
offensive.  Many  attempts  to  use  electricity  as  a 
substitute  have  been  made,  but  without  success 
until  recently.  A  plan  invented  by  Dr.  A.  H, 
Ramage,  of  Edinburgh,  is  now  in  use  in  a  wire  mill 
near  Chicago,  and  proves  a  great  success.  The  ob- 
jects to  be  pickled  are  attached  to  the  anode,  or 
positive  pole,  which,  with  the  negative  pole,  is  im- 
mersed in  a  solution  of  some  salt  of  iron  not  named. 
Electrolysis  results,  and  the  iron  taken  off  the 
pickled  rods  is  deposited  on  the  cathode. 

Nearly  all  the  Greenland  glaciers  and  tongues 
from  the  internal  ice  cap  terminate  in  vertical  fares 
from  one  hundred  to  one  thousand  feet  high,  pre- 
senting facilities  for  investigation.  The  vertical 
faces  reveal  pronounced  stratification  on  the  basal 
ire,  even  earth  materials  in  the  bases  carried  by  the 
ice  being  arranged  in  layers.  Fine  laminations  were 
seen,  twelve  to  twenty  to  an  inch.  The  layers  are 
sometimes  twisted  and  contorted,  and  even  "shoved 
over  each  other.  The  glacier  movement  at.  the  ice 
border  is  a  foot  per  day  to  a  foot  per  week. 


It  is  PROPOSED  to  construct  a  cable  railway  over 
the  Niagara  Falls.  Powers  have  already  been  ac- 
quired from  the  ^Canadian  authorities,  and  applica- 
tion has  now  been  made  to  those  of  New  York.  It 
is  intended  to  erect  two  steel  towers  about  twenty 
feet  high  on  each  side  of  the  stream  and  to  stretch 
the  cables  between  them. 


The  War  Department  has  Lplcii  ubliged  to  issue 
a  general  order  warning  soldiers  against  burning 
their  hands  in  using  the  new  small-bore  rifle.  The 
heat  generated  by  firing  the  smokeless  powder  is  so 
great  as  to  require  caution  in  handling  the  piece. 


May  4,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


277 


Milling  Arizona  (inld  Ores  w  ith  a  •■  Colorado  " 
Stamp   Mill. 

itv  IVillaiiu  B.  Mohsii,  ProscoU,  Arizona. 

Referring  to  Mr.  Rickard's  paper  on   "The  l.imi- 
:  Stamp  Mill        I  ■•  xiii,  137), 

the  discussions  thai  nave  followed,  and  without 
entering  into  any  controversy  as   t"  the   relative 
merits  ol  the  " California "  and  "Colorado  '  typ     o 
stamp  mills,  1  wish  to  give  the   results  obtained  on 
ores  from  Lynx  Creek  district,   near   Prescott,  Ari 
with  a  stamp  mill   of  the  Colorado,   or,   more 
sely,  i  be  '  lilpin  county  Colo  .  type. 
The  mines  of  the  district    have   been    worked   for 
ears,  yet  in  thai    I  imi     rery  little,  if 

any,  work  I  ■'■ ion  the  veins  below  the  line 

end,  and  the 

ore    le  in   e  [c<  pi  in  a  few  i  a 

where  the  sulphide  ore  was  high  enough  in  value  to 
ship  to  smelters.  The  surface  or  oxidized  ore  have 
been  worked  in  arrastras  and  stamp  mills,  bul  few 
attempts  have  been  made  to  mill  the  so-called 
\i,..ui  thirteen  years  ago  a  smelter 
was  buill  in  the  district  by  Mr.  John  Bowel!  to  smelt 
these  ores,  bul  was  abandoned  on  account  of  the 
high  transportation  charges  on  fuel  and  bullion. 

The  saving  shown  in  this  paper  is  not  claimed  to 
be  high,  and  the  history  of  the  district  has  been 
given  to  show  that  heretofore,  at  least,  the  ores 
have  not  been  considered  suitable  for  stamp  milling. 
The  ore  from  which  the  results  are  given  was  ex- 
tracted from  below  water  line  (100  to  250  feet  from 
the  surface),  and  is  a  quartz  carrying  zinc-blende, 
iron  pyrites,  galena,  and  a  small  percentage  of  cop- 
per and  arsenical  pyrites. 

llll. I.. 

Thi  mill  is  a  typical  "Gilpin  County"  stamp  mil] 
of  ten  stamps.     No  rock-breaker  or  self-feeders  are 

used,  the  ore  being  fed  by  hand.  1  do  not,  wish  to 
be  understood  as  advocating  this  method  of  feeding. 
It  was  adopted  as  a  method  of  economy  in  first  cost 
of  plant,  as  the  attempt  to  mill  these  ores  was  re- 
garded as  an  experiment,  in  view  of  the  history  of 
the  district. 
The  weight  of  stamps  when  new  was  as  follows; 

Pounds. 

Stem  265 

Tappel  3S 

Bead  2*5 

85 

Total  ....  610 

The  stamps  dropped  15  inches,  36  times  per  min- 
ute, in  the  following  order:  1  a  -  4  3. 

The  mortal's  are  provided  with  copper  amalga- 
mating plates,  the  front  plate  being  live  inches  and 
ih,  back  plate  ten  inches  wide.  Both  plates  extend 
the  full  length  of  the  mortar,  and  have  an  inclination 
of  15°. 

The  outside  plates  (one   for  each    battery   of   live 
stain] is)  are  !H>  by  52  inches,  silver-plated  (one  ounce 
to  the  square  foot).     These  plates   are   set   with   an 
inclination  of  18  inches  to  the  foot. 
CONCENTRATORS. 

For  concentration  of  the  tailings  after  amalgama- 
tion, two  Gilpin  county  bumping  or  percussion  tables 
arc  used.  The  beds  of  these  tables  are  made  of  cast 
iron.  The  cam-shaft  of  the  table  is  run  at  78  revo- 
lutions per  minute,  giving  the  table  156  strokes  or 
bumps  per  minute. 

CALCULATIONS. 

The  calculations  presented  are  based  on  the  fol- 
lowing data: 

Tailings. — A  sample  of  the  tailings  running  from 
the  mill  is  taken  every  half-hour  by  diverting  the 
entire  stream  of  tailings  through  a  swinging  trough, 
which  discharges  into  a  galvanized  iron  tub.  This 
trough  is  operated  by  a  cord  from  the  battery.  The 
sample  thus  collected,  containing  the  proper  pro- 
portion of  slimes  and  sands,  is  decanted  after  com- 
pletely settling  and  evaporated  to  dryness.  Two 
such  samples  are  made  daily  and  assayed,  and  the 
results  given  below  are  the  average  of  503  samples 
and  assays. 

Concentrates. — The  weights,  assays  and  analyses  of 
concentrates  given  are  from  smelter  returns. 

Bullion. — United  States  mint  returns  are  used  for 
contents  of  bullion. 

Ore. — The  assay  value  of  ore  has  beeu  determined 
by  calculation  based  on  the  weight  of  ore  and  con- 
centrates and  the  conteuts  of  bullion,  concentrates 
and  tailings. 

RESULTS. 

The  following  are  the  results  obtained  from  the 
milling  of  2-432.'.)  tons  of  ore  of  an  average  assay 
value  of  0.763  ounce  of  gold  per  ton,  which  varied  in 
a  monthly  run  from  0.574  to  1.18  ounces  per  ton. 

Amalgam.  —  Total  amalgam  recovered,  5711.6 
ounces.  Of  this,  70.2  per  cent  was  from  inside  bat- 
tery plates,  and  29.8  per  cent  from  outside  plates. 

Retort. — Weight  of  retort,  2024.-15  ounces,  or  35.4 
per  cent  of  weight  of  amalgam. 

Bullion, — Weight  of  bar.  1854.38  ounces.  Loss  of 
weight  in  melting  retort,  8.4  per  cent.  Assay  of 
bullion,  gold,  .636  fine.  Conteuts  of  bullion,  gold, 
1180.148  ounces. 

Concentrates. — Net  weight  of  concentrates,  605,149 
pounds  avoirdupois,  or  12.4  per  cent  of  weight  of 
ore.     Assay  and  analysis  of  concentrates,  Au,  1.347 

*  Read  at  the  Florida  meeting  or  Uic  American  .Institute  ni  Min- 
ing Engineers,  March,  1895. 


ounces  per  ton     Ag,  6.93  ounces    per    ton.     I'b.    6.34 

percent;  sin..  9.9  per  cent;  Fe,  30  per  cent.  /.n. 
6.85  per  cent.  Contents  of  concentrates.  107  ii:i72 
ounces  of  gold. 

Tailing*,     Weight  of  ore.  1,865,822  pounds;  weight 

incut  rates.  605,149  pounds;  weight   of   tailings. 

1,260,673 pounds.     Assay  of  tailings:  Average  ni'  503 

samples  and  assays,  0.1271   ounces  of   gold    per    tin,. 

Contents  of  t ailing.  270.8327  ounces  of  gold. 

.    M-  I  I   \  re 'S    in    SAVING    UtfD  J 

1 1      Uold  !•■    i 

1180.1480  -'.:: .. 

<  ■..in  enlratl'K.                                                                         107.6972  i]  D 

270.8321  ni' 

1858.6771 

The  highest  results  obtained  by  amalgamation  was 
on  a  loi  of  332  tons,  assay  valui   of  ore   1.134  ounce 

per  ton,  which  was: 


Prospector's  Horn   Spoon. 


IV!      1    ■,.,,, 

Bj  •» Igamal 

i  n  c 'Dtratet 

14.1 

Lost  Id  1  slliDgs. 

9.6 

SIZING  OP  TAILINGS   ami  CONCBNTKATKS, 

j.   ,  aaj  aaj  aa   ■ 

M  O  Q    3** 

is:     ° 

7? 

3 

b  :- 

r.  3 

"a 
2  tog 

■5  a  3j 

W  O  o     M  O  o 

i  a-  g  a  - 

;  a 

JL    Z 
f 

M  vn.iti  \t,. 

Pl 

&4  0SS 

-  aj  <S  M'a>  S 

?  '-*  3   5-3 

3  1)  li    ^-S 

9  *•  S  a>  S 

~  7 

-s 

gsStasi 

5p-*.2a 

3 

u 

HaSife 

80 

Tailings., 

5  t 

3  ii 

15. 6      12  3 

11       51.8 

m 

i  loncentrates 

a. 8 

i.i       T.K      lti. 

19.4    ftl  ii 

40., 

Tailings 

is  i; 

ft         [0.8     13.6 

« 8  ft;  a 

411 

I ' •-■ni rates 

i.ii 

II      ft  :i     lis  ft 

22. 1    5-4  ft 

B0.. 

Tailings 

■J.        8        It  ft 

0.8    66 

(JO 

i  'niu'riii  rates 

2. 

3.5      IU.4 

20.     158  2 

Tests  made  by  panning  weighed  quantities  of  tail- 
ings and  weighing  and  assaying  the  concentrates 
thus  recovered,  showed  that  about  60  per  cent  of 
the  gold  lost  in  tailings  could  be  accounted  for  in 
this  way.  The  concentrates  thus  saved,  however, 
invariably  assayed  much  lower  than  the  aver- 
age of  the  concentrates  that  were  saved  on  the  con- 
centrating tables,  and  were  very  line,  90  per  cent 
passing  through  a  200-mesh  screen. 

Sized  samples  of  concentrates,  each  size  assayed 
separately,  invariably  show  that  the  finer  concen- 
trates assay  less  than  the  coarser  sizes. 

The  following  results  on  a  sample  of  concentrates 
assaying  1.8  ounces  of  gold  per  ton  will  serve  as  an 
illustration  of  one  of  many  such  experiments  that 
have  been  made: 

SIZE  AMI  ASSAY  Ol-'  CONCENTRATES. 
Si/.e—  Assay. 

Coarser  Mian  fin- mesh Ounces  gold  per  ion —  2.6 

Through  60-mesh,  remaining  on  HXl-mesh 2  2 

Through  100-mesn,  remaining  on  150-mesli 2.2 

Through  tftO-mesh,  remaining  ou  200-mesh. 2, 

Finer  than  200  mesh i  .ft 

CONCLUSIONS. 

From  more  than  eighty  assays  made  on  specimens 
of  the  various  characters  of  ore  found  in  the  district, 
the  following  conclusions  have  been  arrived  at: 

1.  That  the  gold  is  contained  in  the  quartz  and 
"  free,"  or  else  is  associated  with  the  iron,  copper 
or  arsenical  pyrites,  and  that  a  large  percentage  of 
that,  associated  with  pyrites,  can  be  extracted  by 
amalgamation  with  very  fine  crushing. 

2.  That  the  zinc-blende,  as  a  rule,  carries  very 
little  gold  value,  and  that  in  cases  where  any  con- 
siderable quantity  of  gold  has  been  found  in  the 
blende,  it  was  very  "free,"  and  easily  extracted  by 
amalgamation  after  hue  crushing. 

3.  That  the  galena,  as  a  rule,  assays  low  in  gold 
and  high  in  silver. 

NOTES. 

Screens. — Forty-mesh  burr-slot  screens  are  used  as 
a  rule,  and  last  about  three  weeks. 

Shoes  unit  Dies. — Cast-iron  shoes  and  dies  are  used, 
and  the  actual  wear  of  iron  per  ton  of  ore  is:  for 
shoes,  1.122  pounds;  for  dies,  0.092  pound. 

Crushing  Rate. — The  average  crushing  rate  of  the 
mill  for  nine  months,  based  on  actual  running  time, 
is  3355  pounds  per  stamp  per  twenty-four  hours. 

Water  Used  in  Battery. — Water  used  in  the  battery, 
21.000  gallons  per  twenty-four  hours,  or  1252  gallons 
per  ton  of  ore  crushed. 

RESULTS   ON    ORE    HIGH    IN    /INC. 

The  results  on  a  small  lot  of  ore  selected  for  high 
zinc  contents  may  be  of  interest. 

The  assay  and  analysis  of  the  ore  are  calculated 
from  contents  and  analysis  of  concentrates  and  tail- 
ings, weight  of  ore  and  concentrates  and  contents  of 
bullion. 

Ore. — Assay  value  of  ore,  1.393  ounces  of  gold  per 
ton.  Analysis,  Pb,  2.90;  SiOs,  59.0;  Fe,  8.8.;  Zn, 
9.7  per  cent. 

Amalgamation. — The  ore  yielded  by  amalgamation 
0.9  ounce  fine  gold  per  ton. 

Concentrates. — One  ton  of  concentrates  was  made 
to  3.8  tons  of  ore.  Assay  and  analysis  of  concen- 
trates: Gold,  1.54  ounces;  Pb,  7.4;  SiCv,  9.8;  Fe, 
21.6;  Zn,  19  per  cent. 

Tailings. — Assay  and  analysis  of  tailings:  Gold, 
0.12ounce;Pb,  1.3;SiO.,,  76.6;' Fe,  4.3;  Zn,  6.5  per  cent. 

From  the  above  data  the  following  calculation  is 
made : 

Contained  in 
Bullion. 

C4old,  per  cent 64.5 

Lead 

Zinc 

Iron 

Silica 


Contained  in    Contained  in 
Concentrates.        Tailings. 

29.1  6.4 
67.                           33. 
ftl.                                 '1H. 

64.2  3ft, K 


The  Grafton,  correspondent  of  the  Chloride,    New 
Mexico.   Black  llangt    says: 
"  Dick  White,  who  is  an  old  California  gulch  miner, 

lias  been  showing  the  prospectors  anil  miners  here 
how  to  make  a  "real  horn  spoon  with  which  to  test 
pulverized  gold  ore  or  placer  gravel   and    sand.      The 

S] ii  Mr.  White  made  was  an   extra    good    one    and 

was  manufactured   after   the   following   manner:     A 
large  horn  is  taken,  boiled,  shaved  to  an  even   thick 
ness,  the  tip  cut  off,  as  it    is  useless,   split  and  then 

.  n  wed  or  railed  while  il  is  hot  and  yielding  over  a 
wooden  form  or  mold  and  allowed  to  coo!  and  dry  for 
a  day  or  two.  and  then  taken  off  the  mold  and  scraped 
or  gand-papered  and  polished  on  the  inside.  The 
prospector  or  miner  then  has  a  light  anil  portable  in- 
strument  in  which  to  test  pulverized  ore  or  placet- 
dirt,  which  will  hold  about  a  quarter  of  a  pan.  Dick 
says  the  best  great  horn  spoons,  or  in  fact  any  horn 
spoons,  great  or  small,  can  be  made  from  the  horn  of 
the  male  bison,  commonly  known  as  the  buffalo;  or, 
incase  a  bison  horn  cannot  fie  obtained,  the  blackest 
horn  of  a  bull  or  ox  which  can  begot  is  the  next  best. 
The  black  bison  horn  shows  up  the  yellow  gold  by 
contrast  best,  and  takes  the  highest  polish." 

Thought  the   "Clermont"   Was  Perfect. 


I'eter  Cooper  was  one  of  the  invited  guests  of 
Robert  Fulton  on  board  the  "Clermont"  when,  on 
her  trial  trip,  she  first  ploughed  the  waters  of  the 
Hudson  by  steam — waters  which  have  since  been  and 
are  now  thronged  with  what  are  among  the  most 
splendid  steamboats  in  the  world.  Cooper  used  to 
tell  a  story  to  the  effect  that  there  were  refresh- 
ments and  speeches  on  board;  and  one  of  the 
speakers,  after  referring  in  very  appreciative  terms 
to  the  boat,  said  that,  fine  and  magnificent  as  she 
was  (she  was  133  feet  long,  163  wide,  flat-bottomed, 
straight-sided  and  with  full  bows,  decked  only  at 
the  ends  and  with  boilers  and  machinery  exposed 
amidships),  she  was  probably  only  the  germ  of  prac- 
tical steam  navigation,  and  that  much  liner  and 
faster  boats  would  certainly  follow  her.  At  this 
point  Fulton  called  upon  the  speaker  to  sit  down, 
telling  him  bluntly  that  he  knew  nothing  of  what  he 
was  talking  about. — American  .Machinist. 


Paper  possesses  excellent  insulation  properties, 
and  is  therefore  available  for  the  manufacture  of 
electric  cables  and  similar  articles,  says  an  ex- 
change. During  the  past  several  years  paper  has 
been  used  quite  extensively  in  connection  with  the 
making  up  of  telephonic  cables.  Rubber,  which  is 
generally  employed,  is  expensive.  For  instance,  the 
cost  of  a  foot  of  rubber-insulated 
needed  for  ordinary  purposes, 
whereas  the  paper-insulated 
and  effectiveness,  can  be  had 


cable,    such  as   is 
is     about    $3.25, 
cable,   of   equal   build 
for   less   than  $1   per 


fool.  Engineers  have  put  the  paper-insulated 
cables  through  severe  tests  with  results  quite  satis- 
factory. _ 

One  of  the  paradoxical  things  about  people  is  that 
they  always  think  times  will  be  better  if  prices  are 
high,  and  yet  every  mother's  son  and  daughter 
laments  bitterly  whenever  that  prayed  for  advance 
results  in  their  getting  less  for  their  dollar  than 
they  got  before.  They  do  not  seem  to  be  quite  sure 
whether  it  is  prices  or  things  they  want  in  this  life. 
A  little  study  in  economics  would  show  them  that  the 
ideal  condition  to  be  sought  is  that  in  which  they 
will  get  the  most  things  with  the  least  effort.  The 
progress  of  wages  is  not  alone  in  increasing  the 
number  of  dollars,  but  in  enhancing  the  purchasing 
power  of  the  dollars  they  get  now. 


Tiiev  do  not  think  anything  of  au  egg  in  China,  it 
seems,  until  it  is  about  one  hundred  years. of  age,  old 
eggs  being  worth  as  much  in  that  country  as  old 
wine  is  elsewhere.  They  have  a  way  of  buryiug  the 
eggs,  and  it  takes  about  thirty  days  to  render  a 
pickled  egg  fit  to  eat.  Some  of  the  old  eggs  have 
become  as  black  as  ink,  and  one  of  the  favorite 
Chinese  dishes  for  invalids  is  made  up  of  eggs, 
which  are  preserved  in  jars  of  red  clay  and  salt 
water,  consequently  there  is  not  much  pleasure  in 
beiug  an  invalid  in  China  until  you  have  had  plenty 
of  training. 

According  to  a  recent  legal  decision  reported  in 
the  Timberman,  hard  wood  is  "any  tree  that  has  a 
leaf  as  distinguished  from  a  needle."  A  man  con- 
tracted to  deliver  to  a  railroad  hardwood  eordwood, 
and  he  delivered  poplar  in  part  fulfillment  of  the 
contract.  The  railroad  rejected  this  as  uot  hard- 
wood, and  sued,  but  the  contractor  won  the  case  on 
the  decision  of  the  court. 


The  Chinese  divide  the  day  into  twelve  parts  of 
two  hours.  The  Italians  reckon  twenty-four  hours 
round,  instead  of  two  divisions  of  twelve  hours  each, 
as  we  do.      

To  obtain  a  greater  amount  of  power  from  belts, 
the  pulleys  may  be  covered  with  leather.  This  will 
allow  the  belts' to  be  run  very  slack,  and  give  more 
durability. 


i78 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  4,  1896. 


The  MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 


San  Francisco,  April  29,  1895. 

To  the  Editor: — You  will  observe,  in  the  judg- 
ment rendered  by  the  Appeal  Court  in  London,  that 
the  judges  decided  that  "  the  selective  action 
claimed  by  the  plaintiffs  and  the  application  of  a 
very  dilute  solution,  containing  an  extremely  small 
quantity  of  cyanide  of  potassium,  to  ore  containing 
gold,  has,  in  our  judgment,  been  proved."  Now 
this  very  dilute  solution  (never  exceeding  two  per 
cent  of  cyanide  of  potassium)  is  one  of  the  special 
and  distinctive  claims  of  the  American  patent; 
therefore,  had  the  trial  taken  place  in  this  country 
upon  the  American  patents,  our  company  would 
have  won  their  case,  and  this  decision  is  a  most  im- 
portant one,  in  view  of  the  suit  now  pending  with 
the  Mercur  Company  and  others. 

Therefore  I  would  ask  you  to  kindly  insert  this 
letter  in  your  valuable  journal  that  it  may  be  gener- 
ally known  throughout  the  country. 

Faithfully  yours, 
The  Gold  &  Silver  Extracting  Co.  of  America,  L'd, 
Per  P.  George  Gow,  Agent. 

The  Denver  Republican  says  that  cyanide  promises 
to  become  a  prominent  factor  there;  and  the  erec- 
tion of  plants  in  many  parts  of  the  State  to  employ 
it  in  the  separation  of  gold  from  the  quartz  means 
much  for  the  mining  industry  of  Colorado.  Two 
large  plants  are  nearing  completion  at  Florence, 
there  is  one  in  operation  at  Cripple  Creek,  one  has 
been  running  for  several  months  in  Boulder  county, 
and  another  will  be  completed  in  that  section  in  a 
few  daj'S. 

"  The  formation  of  a  company  to  build  a  plant  in 
Leadville  by  men  who  have  heretofore  adhered 
closely  to  the  smelting  business  is  one  of  the  signs  of 
the  times  which  cannot  escape  notice.  Edward 
Eddy,  James  B.  Grant,  W.  H.  James,  Guy  C.  Bar- 
ton and  E.  W.  Nash  of  the  Omaha  and  Grant  Smelt- 
ing Companj',  in  association  with  John  F.  Campion, 
A.  A.  Blow,  T.  W.  Goad,  have  incorporated  to  build 
at  once  a  plant  to  handle  100  tons  of  the  oxide  ores 
of  Leadville  a  day,  and  with  the  intention  of  increas- 
ing the  works  later  to  a  daily  capacity  of  300  tons. 
Mr.  Eddy  is  president  and  Mr.  Grant  vice-president 
of  the  company.     The  capital  stock  is  $100,000. 

"  The  same  gentlemen  in  their  contract  with  the 
MacArthur-Forrest  Company,  for  the  use  of  its 
patents,  have  secured  the  right  to  establish  plants 
elsewhere  at  their  discretion,  which  practically  gives 
them  control  of  the  entire  United  States  rights  of 
the  cyanide  process  owned  by  that  company. 

"  One  of  the  directors  of  the  company  estimates 
that  fully  one-fourth  of  the  gold  being  produced  in 
the  world  to-day  comes  from  cyanide  plants.  There 
are  many  large  works  in  South  Africa  using  the 
process,  and  one  of  them  is  taking  out  nearly  60,000 
ounces  of  gold  a  month.  So  far  in  Colorado  the  pro- 
duction has  been  small;  but  the  completion  of  the 
works,  now  in  course  of  construction,  should  add 
largely  to  the  output  of  the  State  and  from  ores  that 
cannot  be  profitably  mined  and  milled  by  the  more 
expensive  methods.  The-  cost  of  treatment  by 
cyauide  ranges  from  S2  to  $4  a  ton.  The  chemicals 
cost  about  SI  to  the  ton  of  ore  treated." 


Mining  in  Mexico. 


H.  F.  Collins,  who  has  been  in  Mexico  for  about 
six  years,  engaged  chiefly  in  copper  mining  and 
smelting,  tells  the  London  Mining  World  what  he 
thinks  of  Mexican  mining  in  general  and  of  its  Eng- 
lish record  in  particular.  He  says  Mexico  has  not 
had  a  fair  chance.  English  companies  have  been  un- 
fortunate in  getting  hold  of  wrong  properties,  or  in 
trying  to  work  them  with  insufficient  capital. 

The  Americans  are  getting  the  cream  of  the  mines. 
They  are  more  judicious  in  their  selection,  and  are 
not  afraid  to  spend  money  when  they  have  made  up 
their  minds  that  they  have  a  good  thing.  The  Eng- 
lish have  not  employed  the  right  sort  of  men  to  select 
and  work  their  properties.  The  right  sort  of  man 
would  be  one  who  knows  Mexico  in  the  first  place, 
who  is  accustomed  to  work  there  in  the  second,  and 
who  is  thoroughly  familiar  with  Spanish.  He  must 
also  know  the  local  conditions,  which  very  often  go 
to  make  all  the  difference  between  a  grand  success 
and  an  awful  failure.  The  men  sent  out  are  fre- 
quently ignorant  upon  all  or  most  of  these  points. 
Often  mere  office  men  have  been  sent  to  take  charge 
of  great  businesses,  and  when  they  come  to  grief 
their  employers  have  expressed  surprise;  but  those 
who  have  seen  them  on  the  spot  would  have  been 
surprised  had  it  turned  out  the  other  way.  At  other 
times  the  English  companies  have  sent  out  men 
capable  enough  in  their  own  way,  but  absolutely 
ignorant  of  the  country  and  of  the  language;  and 
everybody  knows  how  unsatisfactory  it  is  to  manage 
a  property  through  an  interpreter.  Then,  again, 
the  wrong  process  of  treating  the  ore  has  been 
adopted.  Amalgamation  and  lixiviation  processes 
have  been  adopted  for  ores  which  ought  to  have  been 
treated  by  smelting,  with  the  result  that  a  large 
proportion  of  the  precious  contents  is  lost,  and  what 
has  been  recovered  has  only  been  at  a  prohibitive 
cost.  Water  is  generally  scarce,  and  that  is  why 
amalgamation  and  lixiviation  processes  have  often 


been  comparative  failures.  Natural  fuel,  also,  is 
rather  scarce,  but  the  extension  of  railways  through- 
out the  country  is  rendering  it  easier  every  day  to 
introduce  coke, which  is  the  best  fuel  for  the  purpose. 

The  price  of  silver  does  not  affect  Mexican  mining, 
except  as  regards  the  payment  of  salaries  on  a  gold 
basis  to  the  English  employes;  the  purchase  of  mate- 
rials and  plant  in  a  gold-using  country,  such  as  Eng- 
land and  America,  and  in  the  remittance  of  profits. 
As  regards  all  the  rest  of  the  working  expenses — 
labor  and  local  materials — it  does  not  matter,  as  you 
pay  in  silver,  and  there  is  free  coinage  of  silver. 
Your  produce  is  turned  into  dollars,  and  the  dollar  is 
the  dollar's  worth.  This  amounts  to  a  large  premium 
on  silver  mining  in  Mexico,  as  against  silver  mining 
in  gold-using  countries  like  the  United  States  and 
Australia.  Therefore,  given  two  deposits  of  equal 
richness  in  Mexico  and  Australia,  the  Mexican  de- 
posit has  an  enormous  advantage,  and  profits  can  be 
paid  where,  in  Australia,  expenses  would  hardly  be 
met.  These  are  points  not  commonly  understood  by 
English  investors.  True  gold  ores  are  comparatively 
rare. 

If  foreigners  expect  to  do  their  work  in  an  over- 
bearing way  they  have  difficulties  with  the  authori- 
ties, but  if  they  are  content  to  act  courteously  and 
to  conform  to  the  usages  of  the  couutry,  no  difficulty 
will  be  found.  It  is  quite  the  exception  for  bribes  to 
be  given.  Tf  you  go  to  the  courts  with  a  just  case 
and  with  a  respectful  demeanor,  you  will  get  satis- 
fied. Even  if  you  are  defeated  in  the  local  courts 
you  can  get  the  matter  readjusted  at  the  superior 
ones.  There  are  no  exactions  put  upon  foreigners, 
for  the  desire  of  the  Government  is  to  introduce 
more  capital.  Mexico  is  in  a  fairly  satisfactory  con- 
dition from  the  mining  point  of  view,  but  few  good 
mines  are  in  English  hands.  The  Americans  have 
been  more  successful,  particularly  in  the  State  of 
Chihuahua,  in  the  north.  Perhaps  this  is  the  richest 
of  all  the  States,  and  it  is  being  opened  up  almost 
exclusively  by  American  capital,  and  with  good  re- 
sults. Still,  there  are  many  rich  silver  properties 
lying  idle  for  want  of  capital. 

The  ores  are  not  refractory  to  modern  smelting 
processes,  but  they  were  so  to  old  Mexican  milling. 
As  to  labor,  in  the  north  it  is  unreliable  and  not  al- 
ways easy  to  get;  but  in  the  south  it  is  more  plenti- 
ful and  the  men  work  better.  They  get  a  lower  rate 
of  wages,  and  the  work  they  do  also  is  of  a  low 
standard.  Relatively,  labor  is  not  so  cheap  as  would 
appear  from  the  ver3'  low  rate  of  wages. 

Single  Spindle  Edge  floulder  No.    1. 


Herewith  is  illustrated  a  small  reverse-motion  ma- 
chine, with  a  circular  iron  table  thirty  inches  in 
diameter  and  a  circular  iron  body.  The  spindle  is  in 
the  middle  of  table  and  body,  and  is  of  steel,  resting 
on  a  steel  step  in  an  oil  well.  The  bearings  are  long 
and  self-oiling,  each  cap  being  provided  with  an  oil 
chamber  filled  from  the  top,    and  containing  a  wick 


in  coutact  with  the  spindle,  and  extending  nearly 
the  whole  length  of  the  bearing.  Each  cap  being 
adjustable  by  a  single  central  screw,  can  be  brought 
to  a  uniform  beariDg  with  the  greatest  ease.  The 
bearings  are  connected  by  a  frame  with  which  they 
are  cast  in  one  piece,  and  by  which  they  are  main- 
tained perfectly  in  line.  This  frame,  together  with 
the  spindles  and  bearings,  can  be  raised  or  lowered 
by  a  hand-wheel  placed  just  below  the  front  of  the 
table.  A  counter-shaft  with  self-oiling  tight  and 
loose  pulleys,  a  belt-shifter,  a  wrench,  two  reducing 
rings  for  hole  in  table  and  three  sets  of  collars  for 
spindle  are  furnished  with  each  machine. 
Parke  &  Lacy  of  this  city  are  the  coast  agents. 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 


— The  Scow  Bay  Foundry,  at  Astoria,  Oregon,  has  resumed 
after  a  long  idleness. 

— The  Sacramento  trustees  are  still  playing  with  the  bids 
for  the  proposed  pumps. 

— Wells,  Russell  &  Co.  have  this  week  sent  nine  wooden 
tanks  to  the  Harqua  Hala  mine— six  20  feet  in  diameter  and 
three  15. 

— The  Southern  Pacific  Co.  has  made  a  rate  of  ninety  cents 
per  100  pounds  on  canned  salmon  from  Astoria,  Or.,  to  New 
York  and  common  Eastern  points,  via  the  Sunset  route. 

— The  whaleback  City  of  Everett  makes  the  round  trip  be- 
tween San  Francisco  and  Comox,  B.  C-,  a  distance  of  1800 
miles,  in  less  than  nine  days.    She  carries  5000  tons  of  coal. 

—From  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  comes  the  story  that  the  Great 
Northern  and  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad  Companies  are  to 
be  consolidated  under  the  management  of  Jim  Hill  of  the 
former. 

— A  cedar  tree  407  feet  high  and  seventy  feet  in  circum- 
ference was  recently  felled  near  Ocosta,  Wash.  The  first 
limb  started  sixty  feet  from  the  base  and  was  seven  feet  in 
diameter. 

— The  Risdon  Iron  Works  has  an  order  for  a  16x42  engine 
from  the  Merced  Gold  Mining  Syndicate,  of  Coulterville. 
The  engine  is  of  the  latest  pattern  and  equipped  with  steam 
brakes  and  steam  clutches. 

— When  the  Coast  and  Geodetic  steamer  Hassler  was  up  for 
sale  on  the  Sound  last  week  Captain  John  Irving,  of  Victoria, 
B.  C,  made  the  highest  bid,  S5250.  The  Government  has  re- 
fused the  bid  on  the  ground  that  Irving  is  an  alien. 

—Receiver  Oakes  of  the  Northern  Pacific  R.  R.  says  that 
the  shortage  in  the  accounts  of  the  late  Paul  Schulze,  who 
committed  suicide  a  short  time  ago  after  being  removed  as 
land  agent  of  the  company,  will  reach  somewhere  between 
8100,000  and  ¥250,000. 

— A  company  has  been  organized  at  Fresno  to  put  in  a  tele- 
phone system  in  opposition  to  the  Pacific  Telephone  and  Tele- 
graph Company.  It  is  proposed  to  reduce  the  charge  to  $2.50 
a  month  and  use  the  system  now  being  introduced  in  San 
Jose,  Santa  Cruz  and  Stockton. 

— The  Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Company  has  received  a  re- 
newal of  the  contract  with  the  Costa  Rica  Government  to 
carry  mail.  The  contract  is  for  an  annual  subsidy  of  §12,000 
(Costa  Rica  currency)  from  March  14,  1895,  to  April  8,  1898. 
The  steamers  will  touch  at  Punta  Arenas  three  times  a 
month  going  north  and  south. 

— The  Inters tai  e  Commerce  Commission  has  granted  railroads 
terminating  in  California,  and  their  connections,  authority  to 
make  a  lower  rate  on  oranges  to  the  Atlantic  seaboard  cities 
than  to  intermediate  points,  enabling  California  growers  to 
market  their  oranges  on  the  seaboard  in  competition  with  im- 
ported oranges.   The  old  rate  was  ninety  cents,  the  new  sixty. 

— The  Rio  Verde,  Arizona,  Canal  Company  will  utilize  the 
water  power  of  their  canal,  now  being  completed,  for  the 
generation  of  electric  current.  There  will  be  four  power 
stations  along  the  canal  line,  capable  of  furnishing,  at  an 
ordinary  flow,  7000-horse  rower.  The  first  power  house  will 
be  built  about  three  miles  from  the  Union  mine,  nearly 
eighteen  miles  north  of  Phoenix,  and  will  alone  supply  4000- 
horse  power,  the  water  of  the  canal  falling  forty-seven  feet 
there. 

— The  Alameda  and  San  Joaquin  Railroad  Company  have  in- 
corporated to  construct  and  operate  a  road  thirty  miles  long  in 
Alameda,  San  Joaquin  and  Contra  Costa  counties.  The  pro- 
posed road  begins  near  the  coal  mines  of  the  San  Francisco 
and  San  Joaquin  Coal  Company  in  Alameda  county  and  runs 
to  a  point  on  the  San  Joaquin  river  and  near  the  dividing  line 
between  San  Joaquin  and  Contra  Costa  counties.  The  di- 
rectors are :  J.  Treadwell,  R.  I.  Fry,  E.  B.  Pond,  J.  D. 
Brown,  B.  M.  Bradford.  Capital  stock,  £500,000;  830,000  sub- 
scribed. 

— The  machinery  and  plant  for  the  fish-oil  and  fertilizer 
works,  established  near  Pillar  Rock,  Washington,  are  in 
operation.  The  process  is  the  same  as  is  used  by  the  Preston 
Fertilizer  Company  of  Brooklyn,  New  York,  which  has  the 
largest  oil  and  fertilizer  works  in  the  country.  The  right  of 
this  process  for  Oregon  and  Washington  has  been  secured,  the 
plant  costs  §25,000,  and  has  a  capacity  of  sixty  tons  of  offal  per 
day.  The  offal  will  be  daily  gathered  up  from  twenty  of  the 
principal  canneries  on  the  Columbia  river,  and  during  the 
season  will  amount  to  about  4000  tons. 

— The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co.  report  a  good  deal  of  activity 
in  their  business,  their  orders  covering  a  wide  range  of 
country.  Among  their  recent  shipments  may  be  mentioned  a 
200-H.  P.  wheel  for  the  electric  light  station  at  Kyoto  City, 
Japan :  a  700-H.  P.  wheel  plant  for  an  electric  station  in 
Guatamala:  a  1000-H.  P.  plant  for  an  electric  station  in  Brazil ; 
three  wheels  for  the  Majores  mines  in  Mexico;  five  wheels 
for  the  new  Hayward  &  Lane  mill  in  Alaska  ;  one  wheel  for 
the  Ben  Lomond  mill  in  Santa  Cruz  county;  two  wheels  for 
the  South  Yuba  Water  Company  ;  also  a  Gates  crusher  for  the 
Golden  Cross  mine,  of  a  capacity  of  900  tons  per  day. 


Personal. 

Louis  Janin  is  examining  the  War  Eagle  and  other  mines 
at  Trail  Creek,  B.  C. 

B.  J.  Vivian  has  been  appointed  foreman  of  the  West  Har- 
mony mine,  Nevada  Co.,  vice  A.  Ohmert,  resigned, 

W.  Weston,  M.  E.,  is  warmly  endorsed  by  the  Colorado 
press  for  the  position  of  State  Commissioner  of  Mines  of 
Colorado. 

W.  C.  Ralston,  secretary  of  the  California  Miners'  Associa- 
tion, has  returned  from  Europe  and  is  now  in  Washington,  D. 
C,  aiding  in  the  work  of  protecting  the  mineral  area  of  the 
State  from  railroad  absorption. 

Hakry  Webb  left  this  week  for  South  Africa  to  go  on  the 
metallurgical  staff  of  the  British  South  Africa  Co.  It  is  stated 
that  he  will  receive  a  salary  of  §15,000  a  year.  Mr.  Webb  is  a 
graduate  of  the  mining  school  of  the  State  University. 

Rev.  Dr.  William  H.  Furxess,  who  eighty-three  years  ago 
witnessed  the  launching  of  the  United  States  frigate  Consti- 
tution, one  of  the  first  war  vessels  built  for  the  United  States 
Navy  for  the  War  of  1812.  was  an  interesting  figure  at  the 
recent  launching  of  the  St.  Paul  at  Philadelphia. 


Obituary. 

Franz  Posepny,  the  distinguished  Viennese  mineralogist, 
died  at  Bergrath,  Austria,  on  March  27th,  in  his  60th  year. 
Readers  of  the  Press  will  recall  his  recent  fine  treatise  on 
the  "Genesis  of  Ore  Deposits,"  which  elicited  deserved  praise 
in  this  country  and  Europe. 

Maj.-Gen.  Jno.  Newton  died  at  New  York  in  his  73rd  year 
last  Wednesday.  As  a  military  leader  he  distinguished  him- 
self on  the  field  of  battle ;  as  a  civil  engineer  his  name  is 
crowned  with  success.  He  commanded  the  First  Army  Corps 
at  Gettysburg,  and  as  commander  of  the  Fourth  marched  with 
Sherman  to  the  sea.  He  successfully  solved  the  problems 
connected  with  the  adequate  improvement  of  the  harbor  of 
New  York,  and  in  many  difficult  engineering  matters  his  ad- 
vice and  co-operation  were  often  sought, 


Kaj    +  1805. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


279 


Scientific   Progress. 

Science  and   Gold   Extraction. 

There  is  an  idea  prevalent  Unit  tech- 
nical Bt-ience  is  rapidly  bringing  proc 
if  gold  extraction    l<>   su<  li    per- 
il that  almost    the   ultimate   por- 

ol  value  can  be  obtained  by 
.  thode  a-  rapid  as  they  are  ingenious. 
The  suggestion  is  frequently  made  by 
in  i be  press  that  a  mining  dis 
trict,  a  chamber  of  commerce,  a  State 
or  even  a  National  Government,  should 
offer  a  large  reward  for  the  discovery 
of  a  ii">\  process  suitable  to  the  treat- 
ment of  complex  ores.  It  is  hoped  that 
some  heavensent  revelation  will  be 
afed  to  -oine  dreaming  metal 
lurgist  which  will  revolutionize  all  pre- 
existing methods  and  get  liltl  per  cent 
of  the  value  contained  in  the  poorest 
and  most  perverse  of  gold-bearing  ma- 
terial, Such  ideas,  such  dreams,  are 
all  opposed  to  experience  and  contra- 
to  the  teachings  of  the  pages 
which  tell  the  progress  of  metallurgical 
art.  Evolution,  and  not  revolution,  is 
the  keynote  of  technical  science,  as  it 
is  the  .hie  to  physiological  develop- 
ment. Processes  are  born  every  day, 
but  their  mortality  is  depressing.  The 
examination  of  the  history  of  the 
standard  methods  of  ore  reduction  in- 
dicates very  clearly  that  it  is  in  the 
gradual  improvement  and  extension  of 
established  processes  and  in  their 
adaptation  to  varying  conditions  that 
there  will  be  found  the  readiest  and 
and  safest  road  to  excellence  of  metal- 
lurgical treatment.  The  cyanide  proc- 
ess, for  instance,  has  been  the  subject 
of  chemical  investigation  and  practical 
application  for  six  years,  and  it  is  yet 
an  imperfectly  understood  and  only  a 
partially  successful  method  Chlorina- 
tion  was  introduced  in  California  in 
I8p6;  it  has  undergone  gradual  im- 
provement during  forty  years,  but  it  is 
still  spoken  of  as  a  young  method  of 
ore  reduction.  —  T.  A.  Rickard  .in 
North  American  Review. 


The  Animal  Viewed  as  an  Engine. 


(  >ne  of  the  greatest,  problems  to 
which  the  attention  of  modern  experts 
in  mechanical  engineering  has  been 
directed  is  this:  How  shall  a  larger 
proportion  of  the  energy  known  to  be 
stored  in  fuel  be  obtained  for  indus- 
trial purposes?  Enormous  waste 
attends  every  process  of  conversion 
into  mechanical  power  yet  tried.  The 
problem  has  been  attacked  on  a  new 
side  and  in  an  interesting  manner  by- 
Professor  R.  H.  Thurston,  of  Cornell 
University,  one  of  the  highest  Ameri- 
can authorities  in  this  department  of 
science.  In  animals  and  man  we  see 
substances  containing  very  much  the 
same  chemical  elements  as  coal  taken 
into  the  system,  subjected  to  processes 
resembling  combustion,  and  finally  im- 
parting strength  wherewith  a  certain 
amount  of  work  is  done.  Careful  in- 
vestigation shows  that  the  best  steam 
engines  show  an  efficiency  of  only  20 
per  cent;  that  is  to  say,  the  actual 
work  performed  by  them  under  the 
most  favorable  circumstances  is  just 
that  fraction  of  the  possible  power 
represented  by  the  heat  which  is  taken 
into  the  water  from  the  furnace.  Rut 
in  the  human  machine  about  23J  per 
cent  of  the  energy  latent  in  the  aver- 
age food  supply  is  realized  in  the  day's 
work  of  an  active  laboring  man.  The 
internal  operation  of  the  system,  cir- 
culating the  blood,  pumping  air  into 
and  out  of  the  lungs,  and  performing 
other  labors,  may  perhaps  double  this 
estimate.  Professor  Thurston  says, 
while  if  the  output  of  nerve  and  brain 
power  be  included  in  the  calculation, 
perhaps  the  total  efficiency  would  be 
between  50  and  00  per  cent.  This  is 
nearly  three  times  the  best  showing  of 
a  steam  motor.  The  mysteries  in- 
volved in  this  superiority,  therefore, 
may  well  tempt  the  keenest  and  ablest 
engineers  more  strongly  than  the 
physiologist  to  further  investigation. 

There  are  recognized  in  the  arts 
only  three  methods  of  developing  me- 
chanical power — by  heat,  by  electricity 
and  by  chemical  action.  Professor 
Thurston  shows  at  great  length  that 


the  vital  machine  is  not  a  heat  motor, 
Upon  this  point  he  has  no  doubt. 
Though  instructions  are  sent  through 
the  nerves  of  a  highly  organized  animal 
to  its  muscles  by  what  seems  to  be  an 
electric  current,  this  latter  performs 
but  an  insignificant  amount  of  physical 

And  in  man  anil    the  horse,  for 

instance,  there  are  no  special  organs 
for  the  production  of  electricity  as  in 
the  electric  eel.  Hence  it  seems  highly 
unlikely  than  the  animal  is  an  electro 
dynamic  machine.  Rut  its  similarity 
to  a  chcmico-dynamic  motor  is  obvious. 
In  the  particular  muscle  or  organ 
which  is  telegraphically  directed  to  do 
something,  fats  and  glucose  which 
have  been  stored  therein  are  trans- 
formed into  carbonic  acid  gas  and 
water.  The  phenomenon  is  akin  to 
the  firing  of  an  explosive  in  a  distant 
mine  with  an  electric  current.  The 
power  in  every  ease  seems  to  be  manu- 
factured on  the  spot,  and  not  to  be 
transmitted  from  a  central  station. 
Each  organ  and  cell,  then,  is  a  motor 
by  itself.  Further  evidence  that  the 
nerve-impulse  may  be  electric  is  found 
in  the  fact  that  a  real  electric  current 
can  be  made  to  produce  an  identical 
effect  upon  the  muscles.  Nerve 
energy,  like  brain  power,  is  subject  to 
exhaustion,  and  appears  to  be  derived 
in  some  way  from  the  daily  food, 
although  its  source  and  the  method  of 
its  development  cannot  be  detected. 
Rut  inquiry  on  that  point,  fascinating 
and  important  as  it  must  be  to  the 
biologist,  the  physician  and  every  pro- 
moter of  the  highest  civilization,  is  not 
likely  to  yield  results  of  such  practical 
value  as  the  solution  of  another  prob- 
lem: Is  the  transformation  of  fats  and 
starches  into  carbon  di-oxide  and 
water,  which  accompanies  muscular 
action,  a  direct  or  indirect  change? 
If  this  secret  could  be  revealed  and  ap- 
plied to  industrial  uses  successfully,  a 
tremendous  revolution  would  be 
wrought  in  mechanical  engineering. 


Mechanical   Progress. 


The  New    Gunboats. 


One  of  the  most  remarkable  of  recent 
inventions  is  a  process  for  making  caus- 
tic potash  and  soda  out  of  brine.  It 
has  been  discovered  that  these  alkalies 
may  be  obtained  by  decomposing  brine 
by  means  of  electricity.  The  brine  is 
got  from  salt  wells.  Sea  water  would 
serve,  but  it  is  not  so  good  for  the  pur- 
pose because  it  contains  much  less  salt. 
Already  the  manufacture  of  caustic 
potash  and  soda  has  been  begun  in 
Michigan  and  elsewhere.  The  matter 
is  exciting  great  attention  abroad,  and 
all  the  leading  chemists  of  the  world 
are  working  at  it.  The  inventor  of 
this  process  is  a  Belgian  named  Her- 
mite.  In  Europe  engineers  are  under- 
taking to  disinfect  cities  by  the  use  of 
this  process.  All  that  is  needed  is  to 
run  wires  from  a  dynamo  into  a  vessel 
of  sea  water,  and  the  latter  yields  a 
product  which  is  the  same  thing  as 
what  is  commonly  known  as  "  bleach- 
ingsoda."  The  stuff  is  so  cheaply  ob- 
tained that  it  is  being  used  to  purify 
sewers  and  is  poured  into  gutters. 
Eventually  it  will  be  extensively  em- 
ployed in  the  sprinkling  of  streets.  By 
this  means  of  wholesale  disinfection, 
which  signifies  the  destruction  of  dis- 
ease-producing germs,  cities  will  be 
rendered  much  more   healthy  in  future. 

For  the  past  forty  or  fifty  years  the 
geographers  and  astronomers  have 
suspected  that,  on  account  of  a  "tilt- 
ing" in  the  earth's  axis,  the  latitude  of 
all  places  on  the  earth's  surface  is 
gradually  changing.  A  few  years  ago 
(1892)  the  astronomers  decided  to  make 
a  "  test  case  "  of  the  matter,  and  now 
report  that  the  theory  is  correct.  For 
example,  they  have  proven  that  Berlin 
was  fifty-one  feet  nearer  the  pole  in 
September,  1892,  than  it  was  in  March 
of  the  same  year.  If  Peary  and  Well- 
man  will  only  be  patient,  the  pole  will 
come  to  them. 

It  is  suggested  that  sounds  too  high 
for  our  ears  would  be  recorded  by  the 
phonograph,  and  might  be  made  audi- 
ble by  reproducing  at  a  lower  speed  of 
the  instrument. 

The  new  photograph  of  the  heavens, 
now  being  prepared  by  London.  Berlin 
and  Parisian  astronomers,  shows 
US, 1)00,000  stars. 


The  Hoard  of  Naval  Bureau  Chiefs  is 
considering  the  designs  of  the  six  cum 
posite  gunboats  authorized  to  he  con- 
structed by  the  last  Congress.  It  was 
the  intention  to  make  these  new  ves- 
sels midway  in  size  between  the 
"  Petrel  "  type  and  the  "  Machias 
class,  so  they  were  fixed  at  973.6  tons 
displacement,  one  purpose  in  keeping 
them  just  below  1000  Ions  being  to  per- 
mit of  the  assignment  to  their  com- 
mand of  energetic  junior  officers  who 
might  aspire  to  command  larger  gun- 
boats and  cruisers.  Sinee  the  size  has 
been  agreed  upon,  however,  there 
have  been  shown  evidences  of  a  disposi- 
tion to  reopen  the  subject  and  build 
two  large  and  two  small  boats,  the 
latter  especially  designed  for  use  in  the 
upper  Chinese  rivers,  but  it  is  improb- 
able that  this  scheme  will  prevail,  as 
the  necessity  for  American  gunboats 
in  such  waters  is  not  apparent  in  time 
of  peace,  and  they  could  not  pass  forts 
in  time  of  war. 

The  boats  have  been  given  a  spread 
of  canvas  of  11,000  square  feet.  It 
would  be  desirable  to  give  them  more, 
but  this  could  not  be  done  without  in- 
fringing upon  the  space  otherwise 
needed.  This  amount  of  canvas  prac- 
tically makes  the  gunboats  full  powered 
sailing  crafts,  and  in  this  they  will  be 
much  different  from  any  other  of  the 
vessels  of  the  new  navy. 

The  Construction  Bureau  has  adopted 
this  view  in  consideration  of  the  pecu- 
liar service  for  which  these  vessels  are 
destined  on  foreign  stations,  where 
they  may  be  safely  placed  instead  of 
larger  ships,  in  the  interest  of  economy, 
and  will  thus  often  be  in  places  where 
coal  is  difficult  to  obtain.  For  service 
in  Samoa,  in  the  G  ulf  of  Mexico,  and  in 
the  Caribbean  sea,  and  on  the  expen- 
sive Bering  sea  patrol,  where  speed 
is  not  an  object  at  all  times,  the  Chief 
Constructor  holds  that  sail  power  will 
make  the  vessels  of  great  value,  and 
that,  they  will  be  the  most  economical 
cruisers  of  the  navy. 

The  Warship  Chicago. 


When  the  United  States  steamship 
Chicago  goes  out  of  commission  at  the 
New  York  navy  yard  she  will  have  been 
practically  retired  from  the  navy  ser- 
vice for  at  least  two  and  perhaps  for 
three  years.  It  is  the  intention  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  to  modernize 
the  ship  in  every  respect,  and  while  the 
necessary  changes  would  occupy  many 
months  under  ordinary  conditions,  the 
particular  work  will  be  long  drawn  out 
because  of  lack  of  ample  funds  to  carry 
out  the  project.  At  the  last  session  of 
Congress  an  appropriation  of  #200.000 
was  secured  to  continue  the  work  on 
the  new  engines  of  the  vessel,  which 
will  be  built  at  the  New  York  navy 
yard. 

Some  of  this  work  has  already  been 
executed,  but  the  appropriation  is 
entirely  insufficient  to  complete  the 
new  machinery,  which  will  cost  about 
$500,000.  It  is  the  design  -to  put  in 
new  boilers,  including  some  of  the  new 
tubulous  type,  and  new  engines,  and  if 
all  necessary  funds  were  available  this 
work  would  consume  at  least  eighteen 
months.  In  addition  to  this,  extensive 
changes  are  to  be  made  in  the  battery 
of  the  ship,  and  the  six-inch  guns  are 
to  be  replaced  by  five-inch  rapid-fire 
guns.  The  Ordnance  Bureau  has  no 
money  at  present  to  do  this,  being  un- 
der the  necessity  of  practically  closing 
up  the  gun  shops  at  the  Washington 
navy  yard,  owing  to  the  failure  of  Con- 
gress to  provide  the  necessary  appro- 
priations. Then  the  contractors  have 
a  great  deal  of  work  to  do  on  the  Chi- 
cago, including  a  complete  change  of 
the  rig  of  the  ship,  and  they  also  have 
no  money  for  this  purpose.  So  all 
three  of  the  bureaus  must  look  to  Con- 
gress at  the  next  session  to  supply  the 
means  to  prosecute  their  work,  and  as 
the  funds  will  not  be  available  before 
July,  1896,  and  the  work  once  begun 
will  require  a  year  or  two  for  its  com- 
pletion, the  prospects  are  that  the 
Chicago  will  have  a  long  rest  after  the 


bard   services    she   has  had  during  the 
past  ten  years. 

The  naval  engineers  arc  aboul  to  be 
gin  an  interesting  set  of  experiments 
on  boilers,  which  will  probably  deter- 
mine the  type  of  boilers  to  be  placed 
on  the  Chicago,  The  large  lake 
steamer  Northwest,  builtat  Cleveland, 
has  been  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the 
Navy  Department  by  the  owners,  for 
an  exhaustive  test. 


As  ii.i.i  stratino  the  loss  uf  fuel 
which  may  arise  from  improperly  bank 
ing  fires  under  steam  boilers  at  night, 
the  Electrician  cites  an  instance  in 
which  it  was  the  practice  to  bank  the 
fires  at  0  p.  m.,  and  close  the  main 
damper  of  the  flue,  leaving  the  fire- 
doors  open.  The  boilers  were  of  the 
water-tube  type,  and  at  the  time  of 
banking  carried  100  pounds  steam  pres- 
sure The  main  damper  was  not  per- 
fectly tight,  and  sufficient  air  was 
drawn  in  to  cool  the  boilers  until  the 
pressure  had  fallen  to  ten  pounds, 
when  the  fires  were  opened  at  six- 
o'clock  the  next  morning.  Subse- 
quently the  practice  was  changed  by 
closing  the  fire  and  ash  doors,  and  by 
also  closing  hand-dampers  in  the  Hues, 
which  were  found  to  be  tighter  than 
the  main  dampers.  As  a  result,  the 
steam  pressure  in  the  morning  was  in- 
variably found  to  be,  at  least  forty 
pounds,  and  the  bank  of  coals,  which 
under  the  previous  condition  was  more 
or  less  consumed,  was  apparently  in 
the  same  condition  as  when  the  fire 
was  first  banked. 


While  it  is  true  that  good  bargains 
may  be  sometimes  made  in  the  pur- 
chase of  second-hand  machinery,  these 
cases  are  exceptions  and  not  the  rule. 
Most  of  the  second-hand  machines  of- 
fered for  sale  are  for  the  purpose  of 
supplying  their  places  with  new  and 
improved  ones;  and  although  such  ma- 
chines may  to  all  external  appearance 
be  in  good  working  order,  the  pur- 
chasers generally  find  out  when  it  is 
too  late  to  repent  that  they  have  made 
a  mistake  in  their  purchase,  and  the 
machine,  although  it  may  turn  out 
good  work,  is  not  capable  of  turning 
out  a  sufficient  quantity  in  a  given  time 
to  enable  him  to  successfully  compete 
with  his  neighbors  in  the  same  busi- 
ness. The  rapid  improvements  that 
have  been  made  in  all  kinds  of  me- 
chanical devices  within  a  few  years 
render  it  reasonable  to  expect  that 
machinery,  whether  for  working  wood 
or  iron,  built  ten  or  fifteen  years  ago, 
cannot  possibly  have  the  same  im- 
provements as  those  of  recent  manu- 
facture. 

A  great  deal  has  been  published  in 
engineering  journals  about  scale  in 
boilers,  and  yet  very  little  has  been 
said  about  the  accumulation  of  it  in 
feed  and  blow-off  pipes.  There  are 
men  who  maintain  that  scale  cannot 
accumulate  in  pipes  in  which  the  water 
is  circulating  constantly,  or  nearly  so, 
as  in  the  case  of  feed  pipes  and  ex- 
ternal and  internal  circulating  pipes, 
but  cases  cited  will  show  how  fallacious 
such  opinions  are.  As  a  matter  of 
fact,  these  pipes  often  fill  up  in  a  re- 
markable way,  the  deposit  choking 
them  to  such  an  extent  that  it  becomes 
a  source  of  positive  danger. 


The  best  preventive  of  warping  bars 
is  a  cool  ash  pit.  The  best  bar  made 
can  be  speedily  destroyed  by  allowing 
a  pile  of  non-conducting  ashes  to  ac- 
cumulate in  the  ash  pit,  and  then 
throwing  down  a  layer  of  incandescent 
fuel  on  tbem  to  radiate  its  heat  upward 
on  the  bars,  and  to  heat  the  incoming 
air  so  that  it  cannot  keep  the  bars  cool. 
A  clean  pit  with  a  couple  of  inches  of 
water  on  the  bottom  will  do  wonders 
in  the  way  of  keeping  the  grates  in 
good  condition. 


If  a  belt  will  not  run  a  machine 
unless  it  is  as  tight  as  the  strings  of  a 
bass  viol,  then  it  is  time  the  pulleys 
were  changed  for  bi-oader  faced  ones, 
and  a  wider  belt  put  in  place  of  the 
narrow  one.  A  belt  of  the  proper 
width  to  perform  its  work  with  ease 
can  be  run  on  by  hand  as  easily  as  it 
can  do  the  work  required  of  it. 


280 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  4.  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


Insulating  With  Asbestos. 


Enormous  quantities  of  fine  copper 
wire  are  used  in  constructing  dynamos 
and  motors.  It  is  necessary,  however, 
before  this  wire  is  wound  into  coils, 
that  it  shall  be  coated  with  some  in- 
sulating material  so  as  to  compel  the 
electric  current  to  go  from  end  to  end, 
instead  of  escaping  laterally.  In  prac- 
tice this  insulating  material  is  a 
knitted  web  of  cotton.  But  when  at 
work,  especially  if  overtaxed  for  a  few 
minutes,  a  dynamo  or  motor  will  often 
develop  considerable  heat  in  the  coils. 
Their  effect  cannot  hurt  the  copper, 
but  it  may  easily  ruin  the  cotton.  By 
destroying  the  insulation  in  this  man- 
ner one  can  ruin  the  whole  machine  in 
a  very  short  space  of  time,  involving 
not  only  a  loss  in  the  investment,  but 
also  paralyzing  important  industrial 
operations  for  hours  or  days  until  the 
damaged  device  can  be  replaced  with  a 
new  one.  Builders  of  electrical  gen- 
erators and  motors  aim  to  avert  over- 
heating by  adapting  the  proportions 
and  mutual  relations  of  the  several 
parts  of  these  machines  to  the  work 
they  are  expected  to  do,  and  with  the 
aid  of  automatic  regulators  and  other 
means  the  intelligent  user  tries  to 
avoid  subjecting  them  to  undue  loads. 
But  while  the  evil  complained  of  is  of 
less  frequent  occurrence  now  than 
formerly,  perhaps  it  has  not  been 
effectually  overcome. 

It  has  been  proposed  to  deal  with 
this  trouble  by  covering  the  wire  with 
an  incombustible  material,  which  shall 
at  the  same  time  be  a  non-conductor  of 
electricity.  Asbestos,  a  fibrous  min- 
eral substance,  meets  these  require- 
ments admirably.  Cloth  for  theater 
curtains  and  mittens  for  workers  in 
iron  and  glass  have  been  made  from  it, 
but  it  is  a  difficult  and  costly  matter 
to  draw  it  out  into  a  fine  and  even 
thread  suitable  for  weaving  it  into  a 
thin  fabric.  A  coarse  one  is  undesir- 
able, since  it  would  add  greatly  to  the 
bulk  of  the  coil,  to  sa,y  nothing  of  the 
cost  of  the  extra  raw  material.  But  it 
is  announced  that  a  Providence,  R.  I. , 
man  has  succeeded  in  adapting  asbestos 
to  this  use,  and  has  taken  out  patents 
on  his  methods.  The  Providence 
Journal  declares  that  the  thickness 
of  the  thread  which  he  obtains  from 
this  material  "compares  very  favor- 
ably with  double-wound  cotton."  A 
current  that  would  render  a  copper 
wire  redhot,  and  would  burn  out  the 
ordinary  insulating  covering  instantly, 
may  be  used  under  asbestos  without 
injury.  Besides  being  incombustible, 
this  substance  also  offers  high  re- 
sistance to  the  passage  of  electricity, 
and  thus  exhibits  the  essential  quality 
of  a  good  insulator.  It  looks,  there- 
fore, as  if  that  invention  might  prove 
of  much  value,  if  it  does  not  add  seri- 
ously to  the  cost  of  electrical  machines. 


Cost     of     Municipal     Electric 
Lighting. 


Prof.  W.  J.  Meyers  makes  a  neat 
little  demonstration  in  the  Political 
Science  Quarterly  of  the  fallacies  of 
municipial  book-keeping  as  applied  to 
electric  lighting.  The  report  of  the 
superintendent  of  the  Chicago  electric 
light  plant  reports  the  annual  cost  as 
$96  per  lamp,  against  $102  per  lamp 
paid  by  private  companies.  But  an 
analysis  of  the  figures  shows  that  the 
superintendent  made  no  allowance  for 
water  consumed,  nor  for  interest,  nor 
taxes,  nor  insurance  nor  depreciation 
of  plant.  Adding  in  a  proper  estimate 
for  these  items,  the  true  cost  is  shown 
to  be  $167  per  lamp.  This  is  in  line 
with  the  results  obtained  by  Mr. 
Francisco  in  his  instructive  examina- 
tion of  the  alleged  economies  of  munic- 
ipal ownership.  The  economies  are 
almost  invariably  on  paper  merely, 
and  a  little  figuring  will  show  it. 

A  bridge  which  is  being  built  to 
span  the  Chuvahoga  river  at  Columbus 
street,  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  will  be 
unlike  anything  of  the  kind  ever  con- 
structed in  this  country.  The  bridge 
is  to  be  worked  by  electricity  and  com- 


pressed air.  It  will  have  a  double 
swing,  the  halves  meeting  at  a  com- 
mon center  and  locking.  The  span 
will  be  115  feet  long.  The  material 
will  be  steel  throughout,  and  the  elec- 
tric current  which  will  operate  the 
dynamos  will  be  obtained  from  street 
railroad  wires.  The  new  bridge  will 
swing  in  twenty-five  seconds.  The 
safety  gate,  signals,  drops,  and  all 
auxiliary  machinery  will  be  worked  by 
compressed  air  from  the  bridge-house, 
while  the  bridge  proper  will  be  pro- 
pelled by  electricity. 

Irrigating  by  electricity  is  to  be 
given  practical  test  in  the  San  Ber- 
nardino valley.  The  San  Bernardino 
Electric  Light  Company  has  arranged 
an  eight-mile  circuit  to  cover  the  farms 
and  orchards  of  the  vicinity,  and  by 
means  of  stationary  pumps  and  mov- 
able motors  the  water  for  irrigating 
purposes  will  be  distributed.  The  plan 
is  for  the  formation  of  small  districts 
along  the  line  of  circuit,  each  district 
to  have  the  use  of  a  motor.  It  will  be 
attached  to  a  pump  a  certain  number 
of  hours,  just  as  irrigating  ditches  are 
open  for  regular  periods,  then  moving 
into  the  next  field  connected  with  the 
wire,  the  current  turned  on,  and  each 
field  in  the  district  served  in  turn  and 
as  the  water  is  needed.  The  cost  of 
pumping  by  the  electric  motors  is  esti- 
mated at  $1.15  per  month  per  acre,  or 
less  than  $7  per  acre  for  the  irrigating 
season  at  its  longest.  Water  rights 
cost  from  $100  to  $150  per  acre,  so 
that  the  cost  of  irrigating  by  the  pro- 
posed method  is  less  than  the  interest 
on  the  cost  of  a  water  right  if  pur- 
chased outricht. 


A  new  type  electric  locomotive  has 
been  made  in  Philadelphia  for  handling 
heavy  freight  and  switching.  It  re- 
sembles the  ordinary  consolidation 
type.  There  are  four  pair  of  drivers 
coupled  together  by  connecting  rods. 
The  drivers  are  fifty-six  inches  in 
diameter,  the  end  ones  only  being 
flanged.  The  motors,  four  in  number 
and  alternating  in  position,  are  of  the 
Continental  ironclad  type,  the  field 
magnetics  consisting  of  two  steel  cast- 
ings having  two  field  coils  placed  at 
the  ends  of  the  motors.  The  motors 
are  wound  for  S00  volts  at  225  revolu- 
tions, which  equals  thirty-five  miles  an 
hour.  When  in  multiple  each  motor 
will  give  about  250-horse  power,  and 
there  will  be  a  constant  drawbar  pull 
of  over  10,000  pounds.  The  controlling 
apparatus  in  the  cab  is  so  arranged 
that  the  engineer  sits  at  the  right 
side  looking  forward,  no  matter  which 
way  he  is  normally  running.  The  total 
weight  of  the  engine  is  about  134,000 
pounds. 

Articles  of  incorporation  have  been 
filed  with  the  Idaho  Secretary  of  State 
of  the  Salmon  City,  Lemhi  county, 
Electric  Light,  Power  and  Water 
Company,  with  a  capital  of  $150,000. 
The  directors  are  Edward  Mingle,  W. 
P.  Boxwell  Jr.,  H.  E.  Ostranden  and 
A.  D.  Walker  of  Salmon  City,  and  B. 
C.  W.  Evans  of  Butte.  This  company 
is  to  supply  electricity,  water  works 
and  a  telephone  system  to  Salmon 
City  and  Yellow  Jacket,  Idaho,  and 
Red  Rock,  Montana. 


Professional  Cards. 


Albert  Maltmajs~, 

Practical  Metallurgisi 

and  Engineer. 


Samuel  C.  Thompson. 

A.  B.  Yale  University. 
E.   M.  Columbia  Uni- 


Maltman  &  Thompson, 

MINING  ENGINEERS  AND  METALLURGISTS, 

Owners  of  Nevada  County  Reduction  Works, 
Address:  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  County,  California. 

Inspect  and  report  upon  Mineral  Properties, 
Treat  Refractory  Gold  Ores  and  Concentrates  by 
Chlorination.  Furnish  Plans  for  and  Superintend 
Erection  of  Chlorination  Plants,  General  Analyses 
of  Ores. 

References: 

Timothy  Dwight,  President  Yale  University,  New 
Haven,  Conn. 

Henry  S.  Munroe,  Professor,  School  of  Mines,  Co- 
lumbia University,  New  York  City, 

Joseph  S.Harris,  President  Phila.  &  Reading R.  R. 
Co.,  Trustee  Penn.  University,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Edward  M.  Preston,  President  Citizens'  Bank  of 
Nevada  City,  California. 


[ffinWELLmCHIHERYworta. 

All  kinds  of  tools.  Fortune  Cor  Ihe  driller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  process;  can  take  acore.  Perfected  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pumping  Ritra  to  wort  bv  Steam,  Air,  etc. 
Letnahelpyou.  THE  AMERICAN  lVELLWOBRS. 
ANror»,    lU.i    cUcmku.  Ut.i    Uuliua,  Tex. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.  N.  JEHU,    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 
'  Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden. 

,  628  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco. 

.  Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

1  Ore  Assays,  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


f  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  J 

Electrical  and  Mining:  Engineering-. 

>  Surveying.  Architecture,  Drawing:  and  Assaying.  < 

723  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR. 
A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN.  President. 
■  Assaying  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  < 
Assay.  $25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.    Pull  Course  ) 
of  Assaying.  §50.    Established  1864. 
!W  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor, 

Examination,  Surveys,  and  Reports  upon  ] 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 
,    Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes- 
,  tie   use.   irrigation,    and    the    production   of  j 
,  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,   and  , 
t  plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superin- 
tended.   Correspondence  solicited. 

Res — 933  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


ED\A//\RD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 

Tests  and  Estimates  for  the  improvement  of  { 
,  Pumping.  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants.  { 

j     Will  supervise  the  Construction,    Shipment  ( 
(  or  Erection  of  Machinery.     Will  make  Draw- 
j  ings,  Estimates  or  Specifications. 
,      Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de- 
[  Bcription.    Twenty  year's  experience- 

23  Davis  St.,  Rooms  30  &  31,  S.  F.,  Cal. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist   and  Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 
Will  examine  Mines,  Ore  Bodies."  Mineral 
»  Belts  or  Zones,  and  make  written  Mlneralist 
i  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 
,  plication  for  services.  I  make  my  own  assays 
,  and  select  my  own  samples  when  examlng 
,  mines.  Eighteen  years'  experience.  An;tlvsis 
,  of  water  and  soils. 


Makes  a  specialty  of  Mining  Lav.  Patents  ob-  5 
'  tained  on  mineral  and  agricultural  lands. ; 
;  Investments  and  reports  wnrlr.  \ 

Full  charge  taken  of  property  for  absents 
'  owners.  \ 

Offices:  16  &  17  No.  36  Montgomery  St., 
SAN  VRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Mining  Operator, 


ROOM  5,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 
[  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts..  San  PranciBco.  J 

Will  give  attention  to  the  sale  of  and  report- 
ing on  RELIABLE  Mining  Properties,  or  the  * 
procuring  of  suitable  Machinery  for  Interest  * 
in  Developed  Mines.  I 

Plans  and  Estimates  made  for  IMPROVED  l 
,  CYANIDE  PROCESS  PLANTS,  and  competent  ( 
i  Instruction  for  working  the  same  on  a  large,  | 
practical  scale. 


!  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, : 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

[  Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco.  ' 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

i  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
i  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

i  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  t 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  i 
ores. 

t  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines ;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  3IetaUur gists* 


Everette's  Mining  Office.  I 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

i  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS,  ! 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 


Associate  Mining 
Law." 


Attorney  at  < 


Will  examine  and  report  upon  "Title  and  , 
]  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
■  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  ] 
I  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any  j 
,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know,  , 
,  relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources  , 
,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1141  R.  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 


TBAOE    MAHK. 


IM9ABTHUR-F0HREST  PHOMftfl 

MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  -  £110,000  STERLING 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  Hew  Tort. 

CYANIDE 

-OF— 

POTASSIUri, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining:  Purposes. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN. 


SAN  FRANCISC0> 


^^~~  FMoneer  Screen  U/orksl 
^  JOHN  W.  Q  UIOE,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices! 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel.  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc,  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

,*» MTJTCirc  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. **» 

221  and  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ SCREENS 

A  specialty.  Round,  Blot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  ( 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
iBhed  Iron.  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  BrasB  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  146  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 

*  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

1 10  &  112  BEAM  STREET,  S."  V. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps,    -f    5 team  Engines. 
.     .    All  Kinds  of  MACHINERY 

C2rrl 
r~ 'til 

■"as 


4 


EBHJB 


Business     Col  logo, 

24  Post  Street,        -  San  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY  -  FIVE    DOLLARS 

This  College  Instructs  in  Shorthand,  Type- Writing 
Bookkeeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  Instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  En^neering; 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manil 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manil 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  -8S"Extr 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notic 

611  and  613  FRONT  ST.,  San  FrancUco,  Cal 


May   4,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


281 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 

121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0.    280  Caxton  Blk„  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM.  | 
BALL  PULVERIZER. 


nf  the  ci.kvki.amp  Iron  Oki 
Paint  Co.  and  Tin:  Gabby  Ibon 

NT.     Co..     CLEVELAND.,    «».. 
LfflM, 


MANUFACTURED  RY 

YA//V\.   H.   BIRCH   <&  CO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 

Cary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin- 

ery.  Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Curs, 

Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 

119   Beale    St.,   San   Francisco. 


m  MtninaA  mtUno  Machinery 
•   ■    <  U  ■■■  [and,  O.: 
Uksti.KMEN:  — Wt*    pun-hUticd    ;i    No.  '-' 

American  Bock  Breaker  and  a  No.  '£ 

American   Bull    Pulverizer    from    your 

company  about  one  year  agro.  The  latter 
pai-i  uf  April.  LEEDS,  we  Btarted  up  for 
repular  work,  alnce  which  time  we 
have  ran  both  of  said  machines  to  thu 
hill  extent  of  our  demands  and  to  our 
entire  satisfaction.  Tin?  tirst  7ou  ton«  of 
hard  iron  ore  that  we  pulverized  for 
paint  purpoui'B  wan  ground  without 
taking  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  with- 
out expending  one  dollar  for  repairs  for 
either  of  these  machines.  Of  the  too 
tons  Bpi  'kt-n  uf.  about  200  tons  was  Lake 
Etuperior  Specular  iron  ore.  e-ontalnine 

BOnie  70  per  Cent    Iron:    :i    very   difficult 

in   pulverize.     The   remainder  was  a  red    foBstltferoUH  Iron   ore. 

carrylne  quite  a  percent  of  silex.  which  cuts  out  buhr-stoneH  rapidly. 
V7e  find  that  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when  now  5  in.  in  diameter. 
now  caliper  4%  In.,  and  are  perfectly  round  and  smooth.  The  grinding 
truck  BhOWS  very  little  wear,  and  the  drivinp  track  BhOWS  less;  in 
fact,  tin-  wear  Is  almost  Imperceptible.  These  two  machines  crush  and 
pulverize  more  than  one  ion  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.  We  do 
not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  compare  with  the  output  of  these  two  machines  in  quan- 
tity, quality,  email  amount  of  wear  and  tear,  and  like  power.  In  our  opinion,  you  cannot  recommend 
them  too  highly.    Very  truly  yours.  Cleveland  Ikon  Oke  Paint  Co. 


The  simplest,  cheape 
beat  machines  In  tn< 

Ket.     Pulverize    wet    or  dry  ] 

to   any   degr i    fuienesa.  J 

Make  little   Or    no    Bllmes    In  < 
\\ei    nor  dust    In  dry  work. 
Four  sizes,  capacity  from  '4  ( 
la  80  tons  per  day. 

SEND     FOR     CATALOGUE. 

Cable  Address,  American.    ' 
First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal  \ 
Awarded  by  World's 
Fair,  1893. 


THE  AM.  BALL  PULVERIZER. 
Morris  Putent. 


Founded  by  Mat  hew  Carey,  1785. 

HKXRT    CAREY    BAIRD     &    CO., 
Industrial    Publishers,     Booksellers     and 

Importers. 
810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  V.  S.  A. 

49-Our  New  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientific  Books,  88  Pages,  8vo.,  and  our  other 
Catalogues  and  Circulars,  the  wholecovering every 
branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 


QUICKSILVER! 


-FOR  SALE  BY- 


The 


Eureka   Company, 

OF  SAN  FRANCISCO. 

Room  l.      -      428  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

San  Francisco,  Cal .......31  Ha  In  Street. 

D.  B.  HANSON.  Manager. 

Denver,  Col. 1316  Eighteenth  Street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL.  Agent. 

New  Tork  City 26   Cortlandt  Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  III 509  Rome  Ins.  liulldlng. 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

flllnnea polls,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 


MINING,  IRON  AND  WOODWORKING 

MACHINERY  AND  SUPPLIES 

INGERSOLL-SERGEANT  PISTON  INLET  AIR  COMPRESSORS  AND  ROCK  DRILLS 

ENGINES  AND  BOILERS 


^^WTaJW 


g>  C/  *  =S*4^  O  ±+4 


21  AND  23  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO. 

flake  an  Exclusive  Business  of  Water  Power  flachinery 

/--"^^^^►For  all  classes  of  Service  and  under  any  Conditions  as  to  Head  and  Capacity.-^^l^^"^ 
ELECTRIC     ROWER     TRANSMISSION  ! 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  running  every  station  of  this  chaiacter  in  the  entire  West.    An  experience  of  more  than  12  years  in  planning  and  executing  water  power  plants  affords  assurance  that  all  work 
furnished  will  be  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  the  case,  and  give  the  best  possible  results  under  existing  conditions. 

■  CATALOGUES  FURNISHED  UPON  APPLICATION. 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  COMPANY,  121  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


NOTICE   TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OP  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

inw  f\T  REDUCED   PRICES.  «—■ '    — 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OP  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

'^-~aaa8B%3&>*  Incorporated,  -^^sssn—- -^ 

w-  send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,A^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ** 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OP 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH. 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


28-2 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  4,    1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals! 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mineB 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 


Suttek  DistkictI— The  Tread  wells  are  pros- 
pecting with,  a  six-stamp  mill  on  a  ledge  of 
rock  upon  which  they  are  tunneling,  six  miles 
above  Sutter  on  Sutter  creek.  Wm.  Castle 
has  charge  of  the  work  for  the  owners. 


General  Activity. — Register:  Mining  in 
Butte  county  is  returning  golden  profits  to 
nearly  all  lucky  enough  to  own  a  mine  in  the 
county.  Out  at  Bangor  the  Catskill  is  work- 
ing the  richest  gravel  ever  worked  in  the  blue 
lead.  The  famous  Banner  quartz  mine  is  said 
to  have  returned  its  owners  $100,000  above  ex- 
penses in  less  than  100  days.  The  Denver 
mine  has  struck  a  rich  body  of  quartz.  The 
Gold  Bank  is  just  what  its  name  implies.  The 
big  tunnel  is  being  pushed  ahead  with  great 
activity,  and  by  fall  will  be  near  the  rich  lode, 
which  can  then  be  worked  very  cheaply.  The 
Magalia  mine  will  be  opened  this  spring,  and 
this  is  known  to  be  one  of  the  richest  placer 
mines  in  all  California.  The  Aurora,  Oro  Fino 
aud  other  mines  in  the  Magalia  section,  will 
all  be  taking  out  gold  this  spring.  At  Enter- 
prise all  the  mines,  both  quartz  and  gravel, 
are  paying  well.  At  Oregon  City  three  great 
quartz  mines  are  being  worked.  On  Wyman's 
Ravine  fifteen  men  are  taking  out  gold.  At 
French  Creek  the  miners  are  getting  excel- 
lent returns.  At  Cherokee  the  mines  are 
paying  good  wages  to  nearly  200  men. 

Calaveras. 

The  Espekanza  Mine. — At  the  Esperanza 
the  management  is  pushing  the  work  and  by 
the  middle  of  next  month  the  20-stamp  mill 
will  be  crushing  quartz.  In  the  new  company, 
Samuel  P.  Ely,  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  is  chief 
owner. 

Inyo. 

Near  Modock. — The  south  tunnel  of  the  '1*5 
mine  shows  sixteen  inches  of  ore  in  the  face. 
130  feet  from  the  surface,  assaying  $S0  in  gold 
'.Mozb.  silver  per  ton.  The  north  tunnel  of  the 
Gold  Ridge  mine  has  six  inches  of  ore  averag- 
ing $94  in  gold  and  153 ozs.  silver  per  ton.  Two 
hundred  and  niueteeu  sacks  of  ore  from  the 
last  named  mine  were  shipped  April  20. 

The  Inyo  Index  reports  that  the  Caster 
brothers  lately  found  a  $fi5  nugget  in 
Mazourka  canyon. 

Arrangements  Concluded.  — Geo.  T.  Rives 
has  concluded  arrangements  with  the  Inyo 
Canal  Company  to  furnish  water  for  a  mine 
in  Inyo  that  he  has  sold  to  St.  Louis  parties. 
He  will  be  superintendent  of  the  mine,  and 
will  commence  the  erection  of  a  mill  imme- 
diately. 

Mono. 

Bodie   Consolidated. — The    yield,  of    the 
Bodie  Consolidated  mine  for  the  week  ending 
April  2Sth  was  sixteen   tons  of  ore  from  the 
workings  between  the  300  and  400  levels.  The 
estimated  value  of  the  ore  is  about  $45  per 
ton.      Will    commence  crushing    ore    at    the 
Bodie  mill  about  May  2d.     The  south  drift 
from  the  east  upraise,  42  feet  below  the  300- 
foot  level,  has  been  extended  nine  feet.     The 
ore  in  the  face   is  from  eight  to  ten  inches  j 
wide  and  of  good  grade.     Have  started  stop-  j 
ing  out  ore  north  and   south  from   the   above 
drift.    The  ore  stope  from  the   winze  below  ! 
the  south  drift  from  No.  1   upraise,   300  level, 
is  about  the  same  as  last  reported. 

Nevada. 

To  be  Sold. —The  Rainbow  mine,  in  God's 
Country,  is  to  be  sold  at  sheriff's  sale  to-day, 
to  satisfy  a  judgment  in  favor  of  the  men  who 
filed  liens  on  the  mine. 

The  English  Mountain.  —  Chris.  Mallen 
has  gone  up  to  the  English  Mountain  mine  to 
inspect  the  property.  He  has  been  offered 
the  superin tendency. 

Too  Much  Water. —  TJnWn:  The  Culverson 
mine,  at  Graniteville,  has  beet  closed  down, 
the  flow  of  water  being  so  great  that  the 
pumps  have  been  unable  to  handle  it.  It  is 
expected  that  new  and  larger  pumps  will  be 
procured  and  until  then  operations  will  re- 
main suspended. 

Willow  Valley  District.  —  The  Montana 
mine  was  bonded  some  time  ago  to  Mrs.  R.  E. 
Lane,  who  has  eight  men  at  work  developing 
the  mine;  the  prospects  are  encouraging. 
The  shaft  has  reached  a  depth  of  400  feet.  A 
steam-power  hoisting  and  pumping  plant  is  on 
the  mine  and  has  a  capacity  sufficient  to 
admit  of  sinking  1000"  feet. 

The  Old  Home  mine,  at  Blue  Tent,  has 
been  bonded  to  F.  C.  Beckwith,  of  London, 
and  will  be  worked. 

The  Mountain  View  Mining  Company,  of 
Washington,  will  put  up  a  mill  at  their  mine 
on  Canyon  creek. 

The  Mayflower  mine  will  also  put  in  addi- 
tional milling  facilities. 

Plumas. 

Busy  at  Work.— The  Quincy  Mining  and 
Water  Company  is  reported  running  three 
monitors. 

Shasta. 

A  Correction.— Writing  from  Redding 
under  date  of  the  lstinst.,  Mr.  W.  D.  Swezev 
president  of  the  Eureka  Tellurium  G.  M.  Co.,  i 
referring  to  a  recent  statement  regarding 
rate  of  wages  paid  by  the  company,  says: 
'•  We  pay  from  U  per  day  down  to  $2. 50.  which  I 
is  the  lowest  price  that  we  pay  toany  miner." 
Sierra. 

Will  Resume.— At  a  meeting  of  the  owners 
of  the  Gold  Bluff  mine,  near  Downieville,  this 
week,  it  was  decided  to  settle  the  company's 
indebtedness  and  resume  work,    The  property 


was    recently    attached    by    John    Costa    of 
Downieville  and  others  for  §20,000. 

The  Alaska. —The  strike  in  the  Alaska 
mine  has  proven  to  be  a  good  one.  The  Alaska 
Company  has  bought  the  Grizzly  ledge,  situ- 
ated near  the  Alaska,  and  it  is  also  producing 
good  ore. 

Showing  Uj- Well.— The  North  Fork  drift 
mine  is  reported  "  looming  up  big."  The 
gravel  averages  $3  per  carload— a  paying  prop- 
osition. 

Siskiyou. 

Ox  the  Klamath. — Messrs.  Songer  aud 
Dame  of  Ashland,  Or.,  who  have  leased  the 
McConnell  and  Quinn  aud  Pacific  mines  on  the 
Klamath  river  at  the  mouth  of  Humbug  creek, 
have  gotten  them  almost  ready  to  commence 
operations.  The  former  mine  has  in  fourteen 
seasons  produced  §300,000  and  but  four  of  the 
forty  acres  have  been  worked. 

Mining  Notes. — Journal:  At  the  Empire 
quartz  mine  on  Empire  creek,  Klamath  river, 
a  twelve-foot  ledge  has  been  found,  without 
reaching  the  back  wall,  and  comprises  rich 
sulphurets  paying  from  §3  to  §500  a  ton,  which 
are  sent  to  the  Selby  Smelting  Works,  on  ac- 
count of  not  being  able  to  save  the  gold  in  the 
mill  at  the  mine.  Mr.  Iunker  intends  putting 
in  a  concentrator  to  work  some  of  the  ore  and 
will  send  the  balance  below,  or  such  as  will 
realize  a  profit,  as  the  cost  of  shipment 
amounts  to  §30  a  ton. 

The  Black  Jack  aud  Klamath  Consolidated 
companies,  in  the  Cottonwood  mining  district, 
are  each  working  two  shifts.  The  latter  com- 
pany has  started  its  second  and  third  tunnels. 

The  Espey  Mining  Company  have  their  sur- 
veyor at  work  running  the  line  for  their  ditch 
which,  when  completed,  will  carry  1000  inches 
of  water  onto  the  Horse  creek  mines.  C.  O. 
Barlow,  who  has  charge  of  the  work  ou  the 
Shasta  river  below  Hawkinsville.  has  com- 
pleted the  foundation  and  is  now  at  work  on 
the  structure  for  the  two  water  wheels  and 
the  thirty-ton  pump.  James  Quinne,  who  had 
charge  of  the  work  of  extending  and  widening 
the  ditch  which  is  to  be  used  jointly  by  the 
Espey  Mining  Company  and  the  Yreka  Elec- 
tric Light  Company,  has  finished  his  work 
and  has  ready  for  use  a  canal  carrying  0000 
inches. 

The  Portland  company  which  bonded  for  a 
short  term  the  W.  H.  Smith  and  Brass  Wire 
gulch  claims,  near  Henley,  are  now  working 
the  former  claim,  which  has  been  opened  up 
to  great  advantage. 

The  Omaha  and  Salt  Lake  capitalists  who 
bought  the  big  low-grade  porphyry  dike  in  the 
Cottonwood  mining  district,  near  the  Klamath 
river,  have  had  another  ten-ton  sample  crush- 
ing made  at  the  Jillson  mill,  with  goud  re- 
sults. 

Austin  &  Co.,  of  the  Greenhorn  blue  gravel 
mine,  about  a  mile  below  Yreka,  realized  over 
$1000  for  last  week's  work,  the  gold  'being  in 
large  grains,  with  several  nuggets  of  the  sizG 
of  beans. 

Tuolumne. 

Gravel  Deposit  t<>  he  Worked. — A  com- 
pany composed  of  Sacramento  aud  Tuolumne 
men  was  incorporated  this  week  with  a  capital 
stock  of  $300,000  to  work  200  acres  of  rich 
gravel  deposit  eleven  miles  cast  of  Sonora,  on 
the  Tuolumne  river.  Operations  will  com- 
mence at  once. 

NEVADA. 

Storey. 

The  following  are  the  latest  official  reports: 

Challenge— From  top  of  the  joint  Confi- 
dence and  Challenge  raise  from  the  surface 
tunnel  a  west  crosscut  was  started  during  the 
week,  which  is  now  out  10  feet;  the  face 
shows  quartz  having  no  value. 

Crown  Point— The  raise  from  the  east 
crosscut  from  the  south  lateral  drift  on  the 
700-foot  level  is  now  up  49  feet,  having  been 
extended  0  feet  since  last  report.  The  forma- 
tion on  top  is  the  same  as  last  reported. 
Stopped  the  south  drift  on  the  700-foot  level 
and  started  a  crosscut  from  it  to  the  west,  37 
feet  south  of  No.  2  east  crosscut.  It  is  outs 
feet,  and  the  face  is  in  a  mixture  of  porphyry 
and  clay.  No  work  has  been  done  in  the  mine 
since  the  evening  of  the  2.5th  ult.  From  the 
ore  extracted  during  the  week,  and  from  that 
accumulated  in  the  dumps  at  the  mine,  have 
shipped  057  tons  to  the  Mexican  mill  for  re- 
duction, The  average  battery  for  the  week 
was  §0.01.  of  which  §8.50  was  gold. 

Belcher— On  the  300-foot  level  the  joint 
Belcher  and  Seg.  Belcher  south  drift  is  in  180 
feet  from  the  shaft;  the  face  shows  porphyry. 
They  have  hoisted  during  the  week  and 
stored  in  the  ore-house  at  the  mine  43  tons  of 
ore,  the  average  top  car  sample  of  which  shows 
an  assay  value  of  §17.54  per  ton. 

Se(;.  Belcher— On  the  200-foot  level  the 
southwest  crosscut  from  south  lateral  drift  is 
out  22  feet :  the  face  is  in  porphyry  and  quartz 
of  no  value.  Have  hoisted  during  the  week 
and  stored  in  the  ore-house  at  the  mine  11 
tons  of  ore,  the  average  top  car  sample  of 
which  shows  an  assay  value  of  §25.95  per  ton. 

Justice — The  winze  from  the  drain  tunnel 
level  between  No.  1  and  No.  2  chutes  was 
sunk  20  feet,  making  its  total  depth  32  feet. 
This  winze  is  following  a  streak  of  low-grade 
ore  assaying  from  §7  to  §10  per  ton. 

Savage. — In  the  Savage  on  the  050-ft.  level 
the  north  lateral  drift  started  from  the  west 
side  of  the  station  is  advanced  thirty-five  feet 
on  the  vein.  The  north  drift  from  the  east 
crosscut  fourth  floor,  continues  in  quartz  and 
porphyry.  The  south  drift  from  the  face  of  the 
sill  floor  southeast  drift  is  advanced  110  feet ; 
face  is  in  quartz  giving  low  assays.  On  the 
1,100-ft.  level  in  the  south  drift  they  have 
started  an  east  crosscut  and  advanced  the 
same  ten  feet:  face  is  in  quartz  and  porphyry. 
They  continue  to  extract  some  ore  on  the 
eighth  floor  of  the  old  stopes.  On  the  1,050-ft. 
level  the  east  crosscut  from  the  fourth  floor 
300  feet  south  of  the  shaft  is  advanced  forty 
feet.  This  drift  reached  the  east  clay  of  the 
vein  and  was  stopped.  The  west  crosscut 
from  the  tenth  floor  of  the  south  ore  stoper  is 


advanced   twenty  feet:   face    in   quartz   and 
porphyry. 

Cox.  Va.  Bullion. — The  bullion  statement 
of  the  Ccn.  Virginia  mine  for  the  quarter  end- 
ing March  31st  shows  total  ores  worked 
during  the  quarter,  3527  tons  and  870  pounds; 
gross  yield  of  said  ores,  §100,427  36,  cost  of 
extraction,  §55,912  07;  cost  of  reduction  and 
transportation,  §24,692  04  ;  net  proceeds,  §19,- 
823  25.  The  bullion  tax  on  the  net  proceeds 
amounts  to  §091  50. 

The  Dayton  Dredging  Plant. — The  Carson 
River  Placer  Mining  and  Dredge  Company 
started  up  its  entire  plant  last  week,  and  is 
in  operation.  The  concentrating  plant  on  the 
shore  is  doing  good  work  and  quicksilver  and 
amalgam  are  being  caught  in  some  quantities 
by  the  devices  in  the  screening  plant.  The 
company  will  make  a  lengthy  run.  About 
twenty  men  are  employed.  Capt.  Davis  says 
the  working  of  the  plant  thus  far  shows  that 
each  concentrator  will  handle  from  fifteen  to 
twenty-four  tons  of  this  pulp  each  twenty- 
four  hours,  and  the  pulp  or  screened  sand 
yields  from  three  to  forty  per  cent,  sulphurets. 
These  sulphurets  assay  from  §12  to  §150  per 
ton.  All  of  the  factors  are  continually  chang- 
ing each  minute  of  time  that  the  machinery  is 
running.  For  the  short  time  in  which  the 
plant  has  been  running  since  its  completion, 
the  output  was  40%  tons  per  twenty-four 
hours,  averaging  in  assay  value  of  sulphurets 
alone  §1,120.  The  factors  for  free  material, 
quicksilver  and  amalgam,  vary  greatly.  They 
vary  from  a  few  cents  to  several  dollars  per 
ton  of  the  material  hoisted  from  the  river. 
The  actual  practical  results  can  only  be  deter- 
mined by  longer  practical  work  with  complete 
plant.  Thus  far  the  only  actual  known  re- 
turns of  quicksilver,  free  material  and  amal- 
gam have  been  at  the  rate  of  twenty  cents 
per  ton  for  each  ton  of  material  hoisted  from 
the  river.  In  many  places  in  the  river  the 
returns  will  go  far  above  this  figure,  and  at 
other  places  the  returns  for  quicksilver,  amal- 
gam, etc.,  may  go  far  below  and  amount  to 
practically  nothing. 

Started   Up  Again. — The   Pittsburg    gold 
mines,   eighteen    miles  southeast  of    Battle 
Mountain,  which  have  been  idle  for  two  years, 
started  up  again  on  the  1st. 
Add  Nev 

Five  Hundred  Feet  Deeper.— The  new 
tunnel  in  the  Wilson  mine,  near  Yerington, 
will  tap  the  mine  500  feet  deeper  than  the 
present  workings.  This  will  give  a  new 
lease  of  life  to  the  camp. 

Nye  Coixty.—  Belmont  Courier;  Henry 
Metz  writes  from  Montgomery  to  W. 
B  rougher  that  the  gold  mines  are  looking 
well  in  Southern  Nye  county,  and  that  the 
company  will  put  up  another  Huntington  mill 
soon.  Within  the  past  month  thirty  new 
tents  have  been  pitched  in  that  district  by 
prospectors  and  miners. 

ARIZONA. 

"Old  Glory.'1 — Star:  J.  G.  Hilzinger, 
who  has  just  returned  form  the  "Old  Glory  " 
reports  quite  a  boom  in  mining  in  that  region. 
Some  fine  discoveries  have  been  made  in  a 
canyon  near  that  mine,  and  the  whole  neigh- 
borhood is  being  covered  with  locations.  "  Old 
Glory  "  is  practically  shut  down,  but  the  com- 
pany is  soon  to  be  reorganized,  with  an  addi- 
tional §40,000  or  so  of  capita],  and  then  work 
there  will  be  pushed. 

Embalmed  and  Sent  Home. — Journal-Miner: 
J.  B.  Tomlinson  of  the  Mescal  Mining  com- 
pany had  the  bodies  of  the  miners  who  were 
killed  by  the  explosion  in  the  Ohio  mine 
embalmed  and  shipped  to  their  homes  in  Col- 
orado at  the  expense  of  the  company. 

At  Haxqua  Ha  la. — Sentinel:  Ramon  Ochoa 
returned  from  Harqua  Hala  Tuesday  morning. 
He  said  that  the  Harqua  Hala  Bonanza  mill 
shut  down  last  Saturday,  and  the  mine  of 
the  same  name  is  a  thing  of  the  past.  Only 
one  pillar  of  ore  remains.  Sixty  men  were 
discharged  on  that  date  and  are  now  scattered 
in  all  directions.  The  tailings  will  be  worked 
by  the  cyanide  process  and  will  employ  a  few 
men  for  about  eighteen  months.  The  mine 
has  been  in  active  operation  for  the  past  six 
years  and  has  produced  several  millions  of 
gold  dollars  during  that  time.  The  shutting 
down  of  the  mill  was  not  unexpected  for  it  had 
been  rumored  for  several  months  that  the  ore 
was  nearly  exhausted. 

The  Old  Crook  Mine.— Courier:  O.  W. 
Stall  and  Fred  Sattes  are  working  the  Alliga- 
tor mine  and  mill  with  marked  success.  Stull 
a  few  days  ago  brought  forty-four  ounces  of 
gold  from  those  properties,  which  was  shipped 
to  the  San  Francisco  branch  mint.  The  Alli- 
gator is  the  old  Crook  mine. 

At  Ehrenblrg. — The  Los  Angeles  Times 
says:  "Lum  Gray's  outfit,  with  mining  tools 
and  men  has  started  for  Mr.  Gray's  new  prop- 
erty at  Ehrenburg.  The  intention  is  to  first 
develop  the  property  before  putting  up  a  mill. 
Sinking  to  a  depth  of  a  hundred  feet  will  be 
done  on  the  ledge  in  two  places.  Then  a  tun- 
nel will  be  put  in  connecting  the  bottom  of  the 
shafts.  This  will  open  up  the  ore  body  and 
show  at  least  one  big  block  of  ore  to  work  on 
—if  the  ore  is  there.  All  proving  satisfactory, 
a  mill  will  then  be  built,  a  narrow-gauge  road 
put  in  to  the  Colorado,  and  steamer  connection 
made  with  the  Southern  Pacific.  Colorado 
people  are  interested  in  the  project." 

Change  of  Fuel. — On  the  1st  the  Arizona 
Copper  Company  began  using  coal  as  an  ex- 
periment, instead  of  wood.  This  throws  out 
of  employment  200  or  300  burros  and  their 
drivers. 

A  New  Concern. — Articles  of  incorporation 
of  The  Tucson  Mining  and  Smelting  Company, 
with  headquarters  at  London,  England,  and 
a  capital  stock  of  £20,000  (about  §100,000), 
divided  into  20,000  shares,  were  filed  with 
the  Pima  county  recorder  this  week. 

COLORADO. 

Boulder  County  Prospects.  —The  new 
mill  on  the  Pine  Shade  is  in  operation  and  is 

proving  a  great  success  in  bundling  the  orea 


from  the  big  ore  body.  The  shaft  is  now  210 
feet  deep  and  the  vein  has  been  explored 
more  than  fifty  feet  between  walls.  Three 
drifts  are  run  in  each  level  seventy  feet  long 
through  this  mass  of  mineralized  matter,  one 
on  the  foot  and  one  on  the  hanging-wall,  while 
the  third  is  in  the  center  of  the  ore  body. 
The  walls  are  perfect  with  a  streak  of  talc  on 
them,  making  it  one  of  the  best-defined  lodes 
in  the  county.  Tracks  are  laid  in  each  open- 
ing, and  iron  cars  convey  the  ore  to  the  shaft, 
where  it  is  dumped  into  a  skip  of  2500  pounds 
capacity  and  hoisted  to  the  surface.  Every 
pound  of  the  material  broken  in  the  mine  is 
dumped  into  the  mill  and  averages  §10  per  ton. 
The  mill  building  covers  203  feet  in  length 
by  sixty  feet  wide,  and  is  so  admirably  con- 
structed that  everything  works  automatically 
from  the  time  the  stuff  reaches  the  scales 
until  it  comes  out  pure  gold.  The  mill  is 
built  in  twelve  terraces,  as  follows:  Scales 
room,  machine  room,  crusher  and  carpenter 
shop;  2,  ore  bin;  3,  feeder  floor;  4,  twenty- 
stamp  batteries;  5,  amalgamated  copper 
plates ;  6,  Gilpin  county  bump  tables ;  7,  John- 
son concentrators;  8,  drying  room;  0,  leaching 
room,  in  which  are  placed  four  large  iron 
tanks  into  which  the  concentrates  are  put; 
10,  precipitating  tanks  (2);  11,  refining  and 
assay  room;  12,  sump  tank,  into  which  all  the 
leaching  liquids  run  and  arc  caught,  then  re- 
pumped  back  to  the  drying  room  and  used  over 
again.  From  the  time  the  ore  is  taken  out  of 
the  mine  until  the  gold  is  run  into  a  $2000 
brick  it  is  only  handled  when  the  cleanup  is 
made.  The  mill  has  a  capacity  of  100  tons 
daily.  There  are  four  batteries'of  five  stamps 
each,  with  a  drop  of  eight  inches  at  a  speed  of 
100  drops  per  minute.  The  mill  is  the  most 
perfectly  constructed  in  Boulder  couutv,  and 
is  lit  up  by  thirty-six  electric  lights, '  which 
makes  the  building  as  light  as  day.  The 
shaft  has  also  electric  lights  in  it,  and  is  most 
complete  in  its  equipments.  The  motive 
power  is  furnished  by  an  engine  of  100-horsc 
power  capacity,  and  a  huge  tubular  boiler. 
Water  is  furnished  for  the  mill  and  machinery 
from  the  St.  Vrain  by  two  pumps  through  a 
pipe  line  3400  feet  in  length,  and  discharged 
into  a  huge  tank  of  20,000  gallons  capacity.  A 
more  complete  mill  from  beginning  to  end 
cannot  be  found  in  Colorado,  for  it  saves  a 
very  large  percentage  of  the  precious  metals 
contained  in  the  ores.  Thore  will  be  no  raw 
material  such  as  smelting  ore  and  concen- 
trates shipped  to  the  smelters,  as  the  extrac- 
tion of  gold  and  silver  will  be  done  on  the 
property. 

A  Bk;  Deal.  — Cripple  Creek  Miner:  The 
Victor,  Isabella,  Zenobia,  Pharmacist,  Or- 
phan Belles  group  and  other  minor  claims  and 
groups  of  claims,  all  located  on  the  north  slope 
of  Bull  hill,  have  already  or  soon  will  be  trans- 
ferred to  a  French  syndicate.  The  Isabella 
company  own  about  160  acres  of  patented 
ground,  the  Orphan  Belles  thirty-four  acres. 
Pharmacist  twenty-one.  The  Victor  is  a  full 
claim  and  the  Zenobia  contains  abouut  eight 
acres.  In  all  fully  250  acres  will  be  controlled 
by  the  syndicate,  for  which  they  will  pav  in 
the  neighboahood  of  $1,700,000. 

Systematic;  Mining.— A  remarkable  com- 
bination of  systematic  miniDg  operations  was 
recently  organized  in  New  York  by  Clarence 
B.Richardson.  It  is  proposed  to  locate  100 
gold-mining  claims  in  Colorado.  Out  of  these 
will  be  selected  ten  which  have  the  best  sur- 
face indications,  and  upon  each  of  the  ten  will 
be  sunk  a  shaft  100  feet  deep.  Mr.  Richard- 
son, who  will  have  the  management  of  the 
enterprise,  is  assured  of  the  ablest  expert  as- 
sistance that  can  be  obtained  in  the  country. 
It  is  certainly  a  novel  enterprise  and  does 
credit  to  the  ability  and  originality  of  Mr. 
Richardson. 

Increased  Wages.— Notice  is  posted  in  As- 
pen that  on  and  after  May  1st  the  wages  of 
miners  who  are  working  for  $2.2.")  will  bo  in- 
creased to  $2.50  per  day. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

General  Notes.— The  War  Eagle  shows  a 
breast  of  eleven  feet  of  ore. 

Every  discovery  in  Trail  creek  is  now  said 
to  be  exactly  like  the  War  Eagle  or  Le  Roi  ore. 

On  April  10th  the  Le  Roi  shipped  fifteen 
tons  and  the  War  Eagle  twenty  tons,  aggrega- 
ting $1,750  in  value. 

The  Rio,  near  the  Surprise,  Slocan,  has  been 
bonded  to  San  Francisco  parties.  It  is  high 
grade  dry  ore. 

The  machinery  on  the  Le  Rui,  Trail  creek, 
will  be  increased  to  the  capacity  of  raising  100 
tons  a  day. 

A  ten-stamp  mill  is  to  be  started  on  the 
Poorman  mine  near  Nelson  as  soon  as  the  roads 
are  repaired. 

The  Three  Forks  concentrator  has  been  shut 
down  temporarily  for  repairs  to  the  flume. 
About  400  tons  are  on  hand  for  treatment. 

Good  ore  is  said  to  be  found  at  the  head  of 
Champion  creek,  which  enters  the  Columbia 
river  sixty  miles  below  the  junction  of  the 
Kootenay. 

The  Hall  Mines,  limited,  has  called  for 
tenders  for  constructing  an  aerial  tramway  to 
Nelson,  4%  miles,  capable  of  conveying  100 
in  ten  hours. 

A  party  of  gold  miners  are  said  to  be  leaving 
Buffalo  shortly  for  the  Fraser  river.  Each 
will  contribute  $750  to  be  spent  on  machinery. 

The  Consolation  mine.  Big  Bend,  is  cleaning 
up  about  $450  a  week.  A  $50  nugget  was  taken 
out  a  short  time  ago  and  in  four  weeks  the 
total  product  was  $2,500. 

The  new  concentrator  is  at  work  on  the  O. 
"K.,  Trail  creek.  The  ore  is  first  milled  and 
the  free  gold  taken  out,  then  the  tailings  con- 
centrated, saving  ninety  per  cent,  of  the 
metal. 

OREGON. 

JACKSON    AND    JOSEPHINE   COL'NTIES. 

General  Notes.— W.  H.  Hamlin  has  sold 
his  placer  mines,  near  Grant's  Pass,  for  83000, 
to  Portland  men,  who  are  engaged  in  fitting 
them  up  for  work. 

Some  of  the  placer  miners— those  mining  in 
dry  ^niches,   etc,  -have    been    compelled   to 


Mav  4,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  PuLbb. 


283 


rlean  up,  on  account  of    the SCATDity  o(    Water 
Brown  A  BaiM  have  finished  cleaning  up  at 

the   Bliller  mine,   in   Farmers'   Flat  district. 

They  got  tS500— a  k'""U  result  considering  the 

short  water  supply. 

Logan,  Phillips  4  Kenchner,  who  are  pros- 
pecting a  ledge  near  Kerhyville,    have  tested 
rith  an  arrasl  ra,  and 

will  probably  put  In  a  Bra-stamp  mill 
H-  Gendar  has  some    rich    rook  from  the 

Linchpin  ledgi Wagner  creek,   some  of  it 

IS    high    as    y.-iKi   JHM-    ton.        He    has    an 
i  at  work,  crushing  about  two  tons  per 
day. 

.i  w.  Virtue,  nfterwhomthe  Virtue  mine 
in  Baker  county  was  named,  is  prospecting  on 
i  he  Hanley  ranch,  in  the  Applegate  country, 
in  the  interest  o!  C.  .'    Bddy  of  Portland. 

The  copper  mines  on  Qlinois  river,  Josephine 
county,  which  have  lain  Idle  so  long,  are  again 
attracting  the  attention  of  capitalists.  A 
working1  test  of  the  ore  will  soon  he  made, 
and  if  it  proves  satisfactory  extensive  opera- 
tions will  in-  commenced 

Mountain    Lion    mine.    Missouri   Flat 
district,  which  reverted  to  Bailey  &  Co.  some 
ago,  is  running  on  full  time. 

I !   \ L'NTY. 

lOvans  A:  Clark,  who  are  engaged  in  pros- 
pecting the  K.lizabeth  quart/,  claims  on  Mule 
Creek,  are  talking  of  putting  up  a  ten-stamp 
mill.  Burt  ^  'l'ill.r  have  struck  it  rich  on 
Kogue  river,  below  the  "devil's  stairs,"  and 
Intend  to  rig  una  pump  and  work  their  ground 
on  a  larger  scale  than  ever.  Marks  &  Co.  are 
running  two  jinn's  day  and  night  at  their 
mines  on  Mule  .reck.  They  have  had  consid- 
erable trouble  with  their  ditch,  but  still 
stripped  an  acre  and  a  half  of  bedrock.  Their 
foreman  says  they  are  good  for  an  acre  and  a 
half  more  before  the  water  quits. 

\\  \sllINGTON. 

Mrinow  District. — The  number  of  men 
employed  in  the  various  mines  in  Methow 
District  are  as  follows:  Saturday  employs 
four  men  and  running  two  shifts :  Friday,  two 
men;  Blue  Grouse,  two;  Bismark,  two;  Look- 
out, six  men  and  three  shifts ;  California,  five; 
Derby,  four  and  two  shifts;  London,  two; 
Ransomette,  two.  Highland  Light,  four  and 
two  shifts;  Mountain  Lily,  two;  Hidden 
Treasure,  three;  Rising  Sun,  two:  Philadel- 
phia, two;  White  Swan,  two;  Small  Change, 
two;  Grey  Eagle,  twelve;  Four  Aces,  six; 
Tiger,  two;  Paymaster,  two; Grubstake,  two; 
Diamond  Flush,  two:  Mills,  two;  Eva,  four; 
Captain  HaDson,  two;  Mr.  Griggs,  five. 
Besides  these  there  must  be  twenty-five  more 
at  work  and  at  every  point  of  development 
work  the  prospects  are  excellent. 

Pesh.vstin  District.— The  Blewett  Gold 
Mining  Co.  are  fitting  up  their  twenty-stamp 
mill  with  a  view  of  starting  up  the  mill  about 
the  first  of  May.  They  have  now  about  1,000 
tons  of  ore  in  their  bins. 

Baldwin  and  Kirk  were  very  successful  in 
their  first  arrastra  clean  up,  the  ore  netting 
them  over  $20  per  ton. 

King  &  Co.,  who  are  working  about  two 
miles  above  Blewett  on  the  Peshastin,  are 
reported  to  have  struck  a  rich  body  of  gold 
ore. 

WYOMING. 

Big  Lahamie  Placers.  —  The  Cheyenne 
Tribune  publishes  the  following  in  relation  to 
the  Big  Laramie  placers :  A  private  letter 
was  received  in  this  city  by  a  heavy  mining 
promoter  from  a  prospector  at  Dodge  City  on 
the  Laramie  river,  in  Albany  county.  The 
letter  states  that  after  a  close  assay  of  the 
placer  mines  belonging  to  the  Cheyenne  & 
Iron  Mountain  Company,  on  that  stream,  the 
ground  has  beeu  fouud  to  run  from  75  cents  to 
SI. 50  per  yard.  Each  pan  has  shown  from  200 
to  325  colors  of  gold. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

The  CoitHALiTos  Mine. — At  the  Corralitos 
mine  in   the    State  of    Chihuahua,    Mexico, 


about   500  men  are    at    work, 
averages  over  -530.000  monthly. 


The    payroll 


Patentable  and   Unpatentable   In- 
ventions. 


In  an  opinion  read  by  Judge  Brown 
in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States,  on  the  22d  ult.,  the  distinction 
between  patentable  and  unpatentable 
inventions  was  declared.  The  case  in 
hand  came  from  the  Circuit  Court  for 
the  Northern  District  of  this  State, i  n- 
volving  three  patents  for  the  manu- 
facture of  belt  pulleys  and  for  the  prod- 
uct of  that  process,  which  Philip 
Medart  et  al.  alleged  had  been  infringed 
by  the  Risdon  Iron  and  Locomotive 
Works.  The  court  below  gave  judg- 
ment in  favor  of  the  claimants.  The 
Supreme  Court  reversed  this  decision. 
Discussing  the  claims  of  the  patent  for 
the  manufacture  of  the  pulleys,  Justice 
Brown  said :  That  certain  processes  of 
manufacture  are  patentable  is  as  clear 
as  that  certain  others  are  not,  but  no- 
where is  the  distinction  between  them 
accurately  defined.  There  is  some- 
what of  the  same  obscurity  in  the  line 
of  demarcation  as  in  that  between 
mechanical  skill  and  invention,  or  in 
that  between  a  new  article  of  manu- 
facture which  is  universally  held,  to  be 


patentable,  and  the  function  of  a  ma- 
chine which  it  is  equally  clear  is  not. 

It  may  be  said,  in  general,  that  proc- 
esses of  manufacture  which  involve 
chemical  or  Other  similar  elemental  ac- 
tion are  patentable,  though  mechanism 
may  be  necessary  in  the  application  or 
carrying  nut  of  such  processes,  while 
those  which  consist  solely  in  the  opera 
tiun  of  a  machine  are  nut.  .Most  proc- 
esses which  have  been  held  to  be  pat- 
entable require  the  aid  of  mechanism  in 
their  practical  application;  but  where 
such  mechanism  is  subsidiary  to  the 
chemical  action,  the  fact  that  the  pat- 
entee may  be  entitled  to  a  patent  upon 
his  mechanism  does  not  impair  his  right 
to  a  patent  for  the  process,  since  he 
would  lose  the  benelit  of  his  real  dis- 
covery, which  might  be  applied  in  a 
dozen  different  ways,  if  he  were  not  en- 
titled to  such  patent.  Hut,  if  the 
operation  of  his  device  be  purely  me- 
chanical, no  such  considerations  apply, 
since  the  function  of  the  machine  is  en- 
liielv  independent  of  any  chemical  or 
other  similar  action.     *  *    *     It  is 

equally  clear,  however,  that  a  valid 
patent  cannot  be  obtained  for  a  process 
which  involves  nothing  more  than  the 
operation  of  a  piece  of  mechanism,  or, 
in  other  words,  for  the  function  of  a 
machine. 


A    Salt     Laker's     Description 
California    /lines. 


of 


Mr.  E.  S.  DeGolyer,  who  has  just  re- 
turned from  a  visit  to  his  properties  in 
Calaveras  county,  California,  gives  a 
glowing  account  of  the  richness  of  the 
mines  of  that  district.  Mr.  DeGolyer 
is  the  owner  of  the  Gottschalk  mine, 
which  is  situated  ten  miles  north  of  the 
mines  of  the  famous  Utica  Company, 
and  south  of  the  Keystone.  When  he 
visited  Cripple  Creek  he  thought  he 
had  seen  the  greatest  gold  possibilities 
the  world  ever  had  or  ever  would  pro- 
duce, but  since  he  became  interested 
in  these  California  properties  he  con- 
siders that  all  former  gold  belts  are 
outdone.  This  gold  belt  is  on  the  orig- 
inal mother  lode  of  the  Sierras,  lying 
low  in  the  foothills  and  parallel  to  the 
range.  The  extent  of  the  deposits  and 
the  richness  of  the  ore  have  not  yet 
been  definitely  ascertained,  nor  has 
even  an  approximation  of  the  values 
been  reached,  but  in  places  the  vein  of 
gold-bearing  matter  is  known  to  be  120 
feet  thick,  and  in  the  case  of  the  Utica, 
where  the  greenstone  wall  was  cut 
through,  another  vein  seventy  feet 
wide  and  of  the  same  general  char- 
acter as  the  original  was  cut  into. 
This  Utica  mine  is  now  producing  from 
$350,000  to  $450,000  per  month,  and 
the  Keystone,  at  a  depth  of  2000  feet, 
is  now  paving  monthly  dividends  of 
$120,000.  This  latter  mine  is  in  liti- 
gation on  a  question  of  end  lines,  and 
four  weeks  ago  extracted  one  ton  of 
ore  for  the  benefit  of  the  experts  in 
the  case  that  rendered  an  assay  value 
of  $170,000  to  the  ton. 

In  connection  with  the  title  of  the 
Gottschalk,  Mr.  DeGolyer's  property, 
there  is  an.  excellent  water  right  for 
power,  and  during  the  present  summer 
Mr.  DeGolyer  will  erect  a  stamp  mill. 
He  is  not  content  with  one  mine,  how- 
ever, and  has  closed  a  deal  for  the  pur- 
chase of  the  Donnellan.  This  is  an 
"open  air"  mine,  the  vein  lying  up 
against  the  grass  roots,  and  from  the 
surface  down  everything  has  been 
milled  for  the  past  thirteen  years.  A 
hole  is  now  down  a  few  feet  deep,  but 
covering  an  area  of  one-fifth  of  an 
acre,  and  out  of  this  hole,  with  almost 
no  expense  for  mining,  several  fortunes 
have  been  taken  out.  It  is  the  inten- 
tion of  Mr.  DeGolyer  to  sink  a  shaft 
in  the  soft  material  of  the  ore  vein, 
and  go  down  for  the  contact  of  the 
original  lode. 

Speaking  of  this  mother  lode,  the  dis- 
covery of  which  was  promised  by  geolo- 
gists and  practical  miners  thirty  years 
ago,  Mr.  DeGolyer  yesterday  stated 
that  the  "wildest  dreams  of  African 
riches  would  not  begin  to  compare 
with  the  gold  bodies  on  the  western 
slope  of  the  Sierras,  where  the  original 
source  of  the  gold  of  the  Rocky  moun- 
tains is  located,  and  from  which  all  the 
riches  of  the  Pacifio  slope  had  their 
birtbi"— Salt  Lake  Tribune,  April  25th, 


American  Girard  Water  Wheel. 


Adaptable  to  all  heads  between  30  feet  and 
2000  feet,  particularly  where  economy  in 
the  use  of  water  and  fine  regulation  are  de- 
sired, as,  for  instance,  the  operation  of  elec- 
tric dynamos. 


Girard  Water  Wheel  Co., 


34   MAIN  STREET, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.,   U.  5.  A. 


Hcndric  &  Bolthoff  Mfg.  Co., 

DENVER,     COLOR/ADO. 

LATEST   IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 


SS    ■  -   IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 


General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  miulng  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


Stamp  Carr. 


BOILER  OIL  INJECTORS 


For  feeding  Emerald  Boiler  Oil,  Kerosene  or  Crude 
Petroleum  into  Steam  Boilers  thereby  preventing 
and  removing:  scale.  This  simple  device  attached  to 
the  Feed  Pipe  gives  wonderful  results.    It  will  save 

its  COSt  many  times  over  in  a  short  time. 

If  you  want  the  best  results,  no  matter  what  kind 
of  water  is  used,  you  want  "  Lunkenheimer's."  By 
its  use  your  boiler  will  give  better  results  with  less  fuel. 
Investigate  by  sending  for  catalogue  of  superior 
Steam  Specialties,  gratis  upon  request.  J 

HE 


PLACER. 

Amalgam^   :  Dodgers, :  S59I£!i- 

Complete  "Lancaster"  Gravity  Gold  Amalgamating,  Hoisting  and  Dredging  plants  furnished 
for  treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer  ground  and  pulverized  free  milling  quartz  at  small 
cost  with  minimum  supply  of  a  water.     Highest  possible  Gold  yield  Insured. 

The  "  Lancaster  "  1895  Land  or  River  Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and  Cableways 
are  of  the  most  improved  construction.  Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons  hourly 
and  upward,  if  required.  Crushing,  Pulverlzine,  Concentrating,  Screening,  Pile  Driving  and 
other  machinery  also  built.    Investigation  and  correspondence  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee,  39  Cortlandt  St.,  NEW  YORK. 
DROP  FORGED  HINER'S  SPOON,  ^"p'^vjuimoc. 


THIS  CUT 

ONE-H\LF 

SIZE. 


Hanufactured     by     COLUMBUS    BOLT    WORKS,     Columbus,    Ohio. 


FOR     SALE. 

ONE    AIR   COriPRESSOR, 

With  Engine  and  Tank  Complete  and  13  Burleigh 
Drills,  90  miles  from  Tuoson,  A.  T.    Address 


E.   W,  BOWERS, 


TUHOU,  At  X, 


EOR     SALE. 

One  20 -Stamp  Wet  Crushing  Silver  Mill, 

Boss  Process  of  Pan  Amalgamation,  S50-pound 
Stamps,  complete  with  power,  $)Q  rni]es  frpm 
Tucson,  Arizona  Ty.    Address 

E,  w,  B0WB8S, 

Tueswi!,  A,  t, 


284 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  4  1895. 


The  Mineral   Hydrocarbons. 


Their  History.  Geography,  Geology,  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uses. 


NUMBER  XXVII. 


Written  for  the  mining  and  Scientific  Pkess  and 
copyrighted,  1894,  by  Henry  G.  Hanlis.  F.  G.  S. 

Alameda.— In  March,  1871,  a  letter 
from  Livermore  to  the  Alameda  Advo- 
cate announced  an  oil  excitement  in 
Livermore  valley.  A  well  fifty-five  feet 
deep  commenced  flowing  gas  which, 
igniting  by  accident,  "burned  bril- 
liantly; there  was  a  constant  roaring 
going  on  at  the  bottom  of  the  well,  and 
the  water  was  blue  and  smelled  of  coal 
oil  and  sulphur." 

In  1890  there  was  a  similar  excite- 
ment at  Pleasanton.  "Gas  and  oil 
were  discovered  on  the  ranch  of  Joseph 
Brown,  four  miles  east  of  the  town. 
An  inch  pipe  was  inserted  into  a  closed 
ten-inch  well  that  had  been  sunk;  the 
gas  was  ignited  and  it  burned  with  a 
clear,  bright  flame."  In  April,  1891, 
there  was  another  excitement  at  the 
same  locality,  which  soon  subsided. 

During  the  excitement  at  Pleasanton 
several  shallow  wells  were  sunk  at  or 
near  Martinez,  and  a  small  quantity  of 
gas  obtained  at  a  depth  of  from  fifty  to 
eighty  feet. 

Amador. — "  The  gas  well  discovered 
in  the  buttes  near  Sutter  cx-eek  many 
years  ago,  by  prospectors  in  search  of 
coal,  is  about  to  be  improved  and  util- 
ized. There  is  a  flame  now  issuing 
from  it  that  leaps  six  feet  from  the 
ground,  and  is  eighteen  inches  across. " 
[Newspaper  excerpt.] 

Butte. — A  few  years  ago  Mr.  E.  D. 
Sewell,  of  Butte  creek,  described  a 
well  which  he  sunk  to  a  depth  of 
seventy  feet.  The  water  was  strongly 
charged  with  mineral  matter.  In  sink- 
ing, he  heard  a  continuous  roaring 
souud  which  grew  louder  as  the  work 
progressed.  The  sound  was  attributed 
to  rushing  gas.  This  is  a  personal 
statement  by  Mr.  Sewell. 

Colusa. — This  county  is  remarkable 
for  being  the  theater  of  widespread 
solfataric  activity,  of  which  Sulphur 
creek -seems  to  be  the  center.  There 
hot  springs,  quicksilver  mines,  sulphur 
fumaroles  and  petroleum  springs  are 
common.  Hydrocarbon,  hydrosul- 
phuric  and  carbonic  acid  gases  issue 
from  the  earth  at  many  points.  One 
flaming  jet,  before  mentioned,  resem- 
bles the  fires  of  Barigazzo  in  Italy,  and 
the  Persian  flames  on  the  shores  of  the 
Caspian  sea.  It  has  not  been  extin- 
guished since  1859,  except  at  intervals. 

This  is  probably  the  oldest  example 
of  escaping  gas  known  in  California.  It 
lies  470  feet  above  the  hotel  at  Wilber 
springs.  I  visited  this  very  interesting 
locality  in  March,  1890,  and  found  the 
gas  burning  with  a  lambent  blue  flame, 
tinged  with  pale  yellow  at  the  apex; 
the  flame  was  very  hot,  and  it  issued 
from  a  small  orifice  and  i-ose  about  two 
feet.  The  slime  through  which  the 
burning  gas  escaped  is  black  or  very 
,  dark  colored,  but  the  inner  surface  of 
the  opening  is  pale  yellow,  the  effect  of 
long-continued  heat. 

I  have  the  statement  of  a  gentleman 
who  lived  at  Sulphur  creek  for  some 
time,  to  the  effect  that  he  once  extin- 
guised  the  flame  and  found  cinnabar 
crystals  lining  the  opening  from  which 
the  gas  escapes.  These  he  scraped 
away,  and  again  lighted  the  gas;  in  two 
months  a  second  examination  showed 
that  the  crystals  had  been  replaced. 

It  is  said  that  if  this  fire  is  extin- 
guished it  will  relight  spontaneously: 
I  do  not  credit  this  statement,  but 
it  might  be  inflamed  by  some  ac- 
cidental grass  or  forest  fire. 

Gas  rises  in  bubbles  not  ouly  in  the 
bed  of  Sulphur  creek  and  basins  of  the 
mineral  springs,  but  in  any  shallow 
pool  formed  by  rains  .or  overflow  of  the 
streams.  From  this  it  may  be  inferred 
that  invisible  gases  are  escaping  over 
the  surface  elsewhere.  This  will  be 
readily  conceded  by  those  who  have 
experienced  the  odors  of  hydrogen  sul- 
phide and  sulphurous  acid  gases  at  this 
locality. 

Contra  Costa. — In  1888  a  gas  spring- 
was  discovered  at  Byron  springs,  fifty 
feet  above  tide  water.  A  pipe  was 
driven  down  thirty-six  feet,  through 
which  some  gas  flowed.     A  second  well 


was  then  sunk  forty-eight  feet  and 
more  gas  obtained,  but  the  find  did  not 
prove  to  be  one  of  great  importance. 
The  second  well  is  said  to  have  passed 
through  six  feet  of  iron  pyrites. 

In  1888  a  gas  well  was  commenced 
one  and  a  half  miles  from  Lafayette 
and  ten  miles  north  of  Oakland. 

In  1890  I  visited  the  ranch  of  Mr.  J. 
G.  Miner,  who  was  investigating  some 
superficial  emanations  of  natural  gas. 
At  several  points  a  pipe  driven  into 
the  soft  earth  became  an  exit  for  a 
little  gas  which  could  be  lighted  if  a 
burning  match  was  quickly  applied; 
and  at  others,  by  stirring  the  muddy 
waters  in  the  creek  bed,  gas  escaped 
which  could  be  ignited. 

At  several  places  thick  maltha  issued 
from  the  ground,  and  a  highly  bitu- 
miuous  shale  was  seen  cropping  from 
the  ground,  which  is  well  worthy  of  in- 
vestigation. 

Fresno. — The  indications  of  natural 
gas  in  Fresno  county  are  sufficiently 
encouraging  to  have  induced  capitalists 
to  form  prospecting  companies,  but  I 
am  not  aware  that  any  material  suc- 
cess has  attended  such  explorations. 
(To  he  Gout) until.) 


The  Dead  of  the  Sea. 


An  inquisitive  Frenchman  has  thought 
it  worth  while  to  ask  what  becomes  of 
the  bodies,  after  death,  of  the  number- 
less fish  and  other  living  creatures  that 
fill  the  sea.  Of  course  they  all  die, 
sooner  or  later,  and  yet  it  is  an  occur- 
rence so  rare  as  to  be  practically  un- 
known for  anybody  who  lives  beside  or 
on  the  ocean  to  come  across  the  "  re- 
mains "  of  even  a  single  victim  of  the 
fate  that  awaits  all  things  mortal.  In 
the  profounder  depths  putrefaction 
caunot  take  place,  so  if  a  dead  fish 
once  reached  those  calm,  chill  abysses 
he  would  be  preserved  until  the  end  of 
time.  Probably,  however,  no  such 
peaceful  repose  awaits  more  than  an 
infinitesimally  small  proportion  of  the 
finny  folk,  and  no  great  accumulation 
of  lifeless  bodies  exists  at  the  bottom 
of  the  sea.  The  living  eat  the  dead 
before  they  can  make  the  long,  slow 
journey  downward.  As  a  matter  of 
fact,  extremely  few  fish,  and  perhaps 
none,  ever  meet  what  is  known  as  a 
"  natural  death.''  Almost  always  they 
are  slain  and  devoured,  and  so  put 
definitely  out  of  the  way. 


THE  WILSON 

HIGH   GRADE   STEEL 

A  SHOES 


DIES. 


Guaranteed  to  Wear  Longer 
and  Prove  Cheaper  than 
-Bus-    any  others. 

Made  by  use  of  Special  Appliances. 

PATENTED   AUGUST    16th,    1892. 
Made  only  by 

Western  Forge  and 
Rolling  Mills, 

ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
WM.  A.   HEWITT,     =      .     Agent, 

11  and  13  First  St.,  San  Francisco. 


F-OR     SALE. 

ONE    PUMPING     PLANT. 

One  Quadruple  Force  Pump;  twoCornishPumps; 
one  Corliss  Engine,  150-horse  power;  and  five  miles 
of  4-inch  Pipe  with  converse  lock  joint.    Address 

e.   w.  BOWERS, 

Tucson,  A,  T. 
INVENTORS,      Take      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

22G  Market  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Upstairs),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasawork.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  confidential. 


The  I.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

69  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


IVlflNUFflCTllRERS       OF%~ 


Stamp  Hills,  Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,   Desulphurizing  Furnaces,  Etc. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Co  11  tain ed,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Kills  for  Heavy 
Timhers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  ami  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self-Contained "  Means  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  and 
Can  lie  Keadily  Keeogui/.ed  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plant, 
When  the  Comparal  ive  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  "Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  Mill  a  Large  Hill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  and  Loss 
Of  Time. 


SECOND:  The  Sa\  ing  in 
AVright  and  Mechanics'  Lab 
Framing    and     Erecting. 


Hill 


THIRD:     The 
Space    Saved. 


Large     Amount     of 


^#-  Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  Lisl,^ 

Improved  Self-contained  Cushion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill.         v CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED, 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 


N.  W.  Cor.  Main  <$  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINE5, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 

AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 

CASTINGS   AND    FORGINGS 

OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 
All  work  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  Hills. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  more  advantageous 
terms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  for  the  manufacture  of  his 
Patent  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
and  sold  these  mills  for  the  past  14  years,  we  know 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
tory-testimonials prove.  We  feel  confident,  therefore, 
that  at  the  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 
there  is  placed  within  the  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHTJTZ  &  CANTRELL, 

Send  for  Circulars  and  Priee  List. 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS. 

220  Alarket  St.,  San  Francisco,  Col. 


Mining  and  scientific  Press. 


28.=; 


,pr  FOR  ALL  PURPOSES  ^ 

WlHE.  r(OPETf\/\MWy\Vs. 


•^TRENTON.N.d.^ 

N.v.srricc 

C00PEaHEWITT«tC0.-l7BURLIN6  SLIP 

BXD'C 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

416  Montgomery  Strfteti  San  Frunclacoi 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES    PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SDLPHU RETS. 


Manufacturers  of 

BLUF.STONE.     LEAD     PIPE,     SHEET     LEAH, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD    BHOT-QOTi     CARTRIDGES, 

Qnder » itaamborlin  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importer  a  ami  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

mine  and   /Will    Supplies. 

A  Iso  » !hem1cals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
I  !hemlcal  Apparatus. 

S3  A  <i.-,  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission.  San  Francisco. 

.^-^      \\v  would  call  Hit'  intention       - - 

~  or  Assayers,  Chemists,  Miu- (<Z$r±cs£-?/ 

ilf  < 'i.ni|);uiies.   Milling   ('mil-    \o  .-.-.,- B.gfl/ 

puuies,   Prospeotqrs,  etc,  to    ^w^sy   ■ 


Power, 

riining,    Hilling, 

Smelting,   Concentration 

and  Leaching  Hachinery;  Re 

turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 

Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me= 

chanical    Stokers,    Moisting    Engines, 

Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried'= 

ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines, 

Cornish  Pumps,   Roots   Blowers,  Copper 

Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,  Horseshoe 

Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers, 

Crushing   Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes, 

Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional 

Hachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 

Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 

Concrete  Mixers,  Heavy  Ha= 

chinery  and   Mine    Sup' 

plies.  =  =  Write  for 

Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch  Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Alex.;  ' 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


full  stock  of  Balances, 
Furnaces,  Muffles,  L'mcibles.Scoriflers,  etc. 
Including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 
Saving  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
5  supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
f  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  comment  from 
£|  our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  Uiese  goods,  bolh  as  to  quality  and 
price. 

Agents  of  the  l>cnver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  the  Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.  Also  for  K.  <;.  Dennis  ton '6  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.  The  plates  of  this 
well  known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
aud  full  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed.  Orders 
taken  al  his  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


■  MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  wbere  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

♦♦4  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦♦♦ 
OFFICE    AND     1A/ORKS:       34     and     3<5     Main     Street,      San     Francisco,     Cal. 


DOW    STEAM     F*U7V\F»    WORKS, 

OFFICE  AND  WORKS,        =  =  =  =  =  =         114  AND   1 16  BEALE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO, 

—*nrrrrffE&6&-     Manufacturers     of     '<^^2SKbxb>=--^ 

INDEPENDENT  AIR  PUMP   AND   CONDENSER 

For  Stationary  Engines  or  Steam  Pumps. 

POVA/ER      PUMPING      /flACHINERY, 

Speed  Governors. 


Dow's  Improved  Steam  Pumps, 

Single  or  Duplex,  for  Every  Possible  Duty. 

Mining  Pumps, 


Irrigation  Pumps, 


Artesian  Well  Engines 

Etc.,  Etc. 


BALANCE  VALVES  AND  PRESSURE  REGULATORS 

FOR  STEAn  PUMPS. 
Etc.,     Etc.,     Etc. 


Correspondence  Solicited.    Seud  [or  Catalogue. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 


, 


And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

Por  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plates 

hought.    Gel  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  tilled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  Q.  DENNISTON, Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


m 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  4,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  May  2,  1S95. 

Silver  was  steady  during  the  week,  closing 
at  about  the  same  figures  as  the  preceding 
week.  The  Mexican  Financier  says:  Mexico 
does  not  want  a  too  decided  improvement  in 
silver,  as  the  country  has  begun  to  adjust 
itself  to  the  new  condition,  and  home  manu- 
factures and  exports  of  products  have  been 
stimulated  bv  the  operation  of  the  high  rate 
of  exchange.'  'Tis  different  in  the  United 
States. 

The  metal  market  is  unchanged. 

The  Leather  Belting  Manufacturers'  Asso- 
ciation advanced  the  prices  of  belting  twenty 
per  cent  on  the  22d  ult. 

Sau  Francisco  Mint  Coinage. 

The  coinage  of  the  Sau  Francisco  Mint  for 
April  was  as  follows : 

Double  Eagles Jl.6l0.aXl 

Standard  Dollars 100.000 

Half  Dollars -18,000 

Dimes   70,000 

Total ■.....*!,  838,000 

The  coinage  for  the  first  four  months  of  this 
year  was : 

Double  Eagles  J7.370.00u 

Eagles 348,500 


Standard  Dollars 
Halt  Dollars. 
Quarter  Dollars 
Dimes 


300,000 
■100.000 
■-'■JO.00O 
70,000 


Total 


New  York  Metal  Market. 


New   York,   May  2.  —  PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c;  American,  9.50(2 12. 00c. 
COPPER— Brokers',  9.75c:  exchange,  9.65c. 
LEAD— Brokers',  S2.95;  exchange,  $3.07%. 
TIN— Straits,  14.00(5 14.10c. 
SPELTER— Domestic,  $3.20. 

New   York  Silver  Prices. 

New  York,  May  2.— Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, Silver  in . 

London.    N.  Y.     Copper.      Lead. 

Friday 30^       67'a  9  65         

Saturday 3014       66H  9  65        3  07H 

Monday 30«       66!e         

Tuesday 30!i       66',         

Wednesday SOW       66!,  9  65        3  W'i 

Thursday 301,       66H         

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans.  °0  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Draft 5c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 7';l- 

London  Bankers'  60  days M.8814 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers *4.893, 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce &&v3c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 54@541£ 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 


Mining  Share  Market. 

San  Francisco,  May  2.  1S95. 

Stocks  sold  up  during  the  week,  and.  com- 
pared with  April,  this  month  opens  with  gen- 
eral activity.  The  foreshadowed  Hale  & 
Norcross  decision  and  the  improved  appear- 
and of  the  mine  get  the  credit  for  the  ad- 
vance in  that  stock  to  Sl.no.  That  stock 
shared  with  Con.  Cal.  and  Ophir  the  honor  of 
being  scarce  and  in  demand. 

John  W.  Mackay  writes  from>  New  York 
that  he  will  be  here  this  month. 

The  following  paid  dividends  in  April : 

Alaska-Treadwell  M.  Co..  37!4c  %t  share $75,000 

Alaska-Mexican  M.  Co.,  loc  *  share 30,000 

Homestake  Mining  Co  ,  25c  t>  share 31,250 

Napa  Con.  Quicksilver  M.  Co.,  20c  ¥  share.      20,000 

Total $156,250 

The  next  assessment  due  is  on  Ophir  next 
Tuesday,  May  5th.  The  anuual  meetings  of 
the  Scorpion  and  East.  Sierra  Nevada  have 
been  called  for  the  13th.  The  annual  meeting 
of  the  North  Star  and  Original  Empire  Min- 
ing Companies  have  been  called  for  next  Wed- 
nesday-. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week : 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Every  Thursday  from  Advcrttscments  in  the  itlnina  and  Scientific  Press  ami  Other  San  Francisco  Journals 

ASSESSMENTS. 

Company  and  Location.  jVo.    Ami.         Levied,  Delinq't  and  Sile.  Secretary. 

Andes  S  M  Co,  Nev 41 15c — May    1,  Jun     1,  Jun  17 J  W  Twiggs,  809  Montgomery 

Brunswick  Con  G  M  Co.  Cal....  8....  2c. ...Mar  20,  Apr  20,  May  15 J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery 

Crown  Point  G&  S  MCo,  Nev..  65.  ..25c Mar  12.  Apr  16,  May   7 Jas.  Newlands,  Mills  Building 

H  P  Taylor  M  Co,  Cal — ....  4c  ...Apr   19,  May  31,  Jul    26 J  Henry  Smith,  431  California 

Occidental  Con  M  Co,  Nev 18. . .  .10c. . .  .Mar  20,  Apr  23,  May  15 A  K  Darbrow,  309  Montgomery 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 65....  25c April  4,  May  7.  May  27 EB  Holmes,  50  Nevada  Block 

Overman,  Nev 73 — 10c. ..Apr    15,  May2l,Jun  11 Geo  D  Edwards,  414  California 

Savage  M  Co,  Nevada 86. . .  20c. . . .  Apr    19,  May  22,  Jun  11 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

Yellow  Jacket,  Nev 59 25c Apr    15,  May  21,  Jun  26 W  H  Blauvelt,  35  Mills  Building 

MEETING. 

Company  and  Location.                                   Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

Gold  Ridge  Con  M  &  M  Co R  H  Daley,  216  Post May  20 


List  of   U.  S.    Patents  for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


Reported    by   Dewey    &   Co.,    Pioneer   Patent. 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Coast. 


Mines. 


5« 
5H 


20  @  — 

21  ®  — 
—  @  16 
13  @  14 


Refined,  in  car  lots 

Powdered,         "     

Concentrated,  "      

COPPER. 

Bolt 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 

Ingot,  jobbing 

Ingot,  wholesale  

TIN  PLATE. 

Per  bx 5  25    ®  6  00 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 15    ®    16  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00    @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00    ®18  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14    @      16 

LEAD. 

Pig —    ®      3  90 

Bar —    ®     4  00 

Sheet —    ®     5  25 

Pipe —   @     4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs. .  .$1  20 

Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "...  1  45 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do.      "  "...  145 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 87  00    ® 

COAL. 
SPOT  PROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $  8  00 

Greta 7  75 

Nanaimo 6  50 

Gilman 6  00 

Seattle 6  25 

Coos  Bay 6  00 

Cannel 10  50 

Egg,  hard 13  00 

Wallsend 7  60 

Scotch  Splint 7  75 

Brymbo 7  75 

West  Hartley 8  75 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @ 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00  @ 

Scotch  Splint 650  ® 

Cardiff 650  @ 

Lehigh  Lump 16  00  @ 

Cumberland '. 1100  @ 

Egg,  hard 12  00  ® 

West  Hartley 7  00  ® 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c  f>  bbl 

English,  to  load 9  00  ®  10  00 

spot,  in  built @  1150 

in  sacks @  12  50 

Cumberland 900  @ 

LUMBER. 
SAN   FRANCISCO  — WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Pluming 1700    @ 

Pine 13  00    @    18  00 

Spruce 25  00    @    30  00 

NAILS. 

Wire $1  75 

Cut 1  55 

ZINC. 
Sheet 8«@ 


The  official  population  of  the  city  of 
New  York  was  stated  to  be  1,384,866 
on  the  1st  iust. 


Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated     

Andes 

Belcher 

Best  &  Belcher 

Bodie 

Bullion  .......  — 

Challenge         

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point.        .  

Exchequer 
Gould  &  Curry  - . 
Hale  &  Norcross  . 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir.  

Overman 

Potosl 

Savage 

Sierra  Nevada 

Union 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket 


25 


09 

20 

64 

74 

1  10 


45  44 
.  50!  1  25 
I  00   3  tO 


FOR  WEEK  ENDING  APRIL  23,  1895. 

538,219.— Fhvjit    PArKAoE— H.    Baskerville,   St. 

Helena,  Cal. 
537.912.—  LEATHER  BLANKS— J.  K.  Bigelow,  S.  F. 
537,913.— Loop  Machine— J.  K.  Bigelow,  S.  F. 
538,150.— Damper    Recvlatoh— A.     P.   Buruhaiu, 

S.  F. 
537,969.— Button— Thos.  Fahev,  Spokane.  Wash. 
538,076— Car  COUPLING— C.   \V.   Hinton,   Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 
537,894.— Water  Tank— F.  W.  Krogh,  S.  F. 
538.000—  Boiler— J.  C.  H.  Stut,  S.  F. 
538.050— Pump-W.  Swabel,  S.  F. 
538,056 Food   Warmer— D.   R.   Wilder,   Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 
538,140.— REIN  Holder— J.   P.   Wilson,  Red  Bluff, 

Cal. 
538,006— Gas  Burner— R.  Wynell,  S.  F. 

NOTE. -Copies  of  U.  S.  and  Foreign  patents  fur- 
nished by  Dewey  &  Co.  In  the  shortest  time  possible 
by  mall  or  telegraphic  order).  American  and  For- 
eign patents  obtained,  and  general  patent  business 
for  Pacific  Coast  Inventors  transacted  with  perfect 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  hi  the  ulna-test 
possible  time 


Assessment  Notices. 


OVERMAN  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.— Loca- 
tion of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco. 
California.  Location  of  works,  Gold  Hill.  Storey 
county,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  g-lven  that  at  a  meeting-  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  loth  day  of  April. 
1  1895,  an  assessment,  No.  73,  of  ten  cents  (10c.)   per 
:  shave  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Cor- 
i  povatlon,  payable  Immediately  In  United  States  Gold 
i  Coin  tu  the  Secivtarv,  at  the  office  of  the  Company. 
No.  -114  California  street.  San  Francisco,  California. 
Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on    the    -'1st    day    of   May,   1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will  he 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  11th  day  of  June,  1895.  lo  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  tog-ether  with  costs  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.    By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  D.  EDWARDS.  Secretary. 
Office— No.  41-1  California    street,  San    Francisco, 
California. 


Notices  of  Recent   Patents. 


San   Francisco  Stock  Board   Sales. 

San  Francisco,  May  2,  1895. 

9:3U  A.  M.  SESSION. 

■200  Alpha     09  300  Mexican 75 

lOOBulwei* 13:100 76 

150  Coil  Cal  &  Vu 3  00  95(1  Occidental 44 

•300 3  95    50  Ophir 145 

'200  Crown  Point        , .    57  300  Yellow  Jacket     . ,    33 
■iOOCiould  A  Curry....     44 

SECOND  SESSION—  2:SU  F    M, 

300  Andes -»o  500  Hale  A  Norcross. .1 

100  Belcher W  400 1 

100  Best  &  Belcher         74  200  Julia  

lOOBodie I  10  200  Mexican 

100  Caledonia 07  500  Occidental 

ouu  Chollar 44  100  Savage 

50  Confidence  1  25  20U  Seg  Belcher. 

400  C.  C.  V 2  95  100  Sierra  Nevada.  .. 

100  Crown  Point  59  300  Union 

100G.  &C...   45 


Boilers  may  deteriorate  from  non- 
use  more  l ban  from  continuous  service 
with  proper  attendance.  Such  an  in- 
stance is  related  by  John  A.  Fish  in 
Power.  In  his  case,  the  boilers  to  be 
laid  olf  were  kept  full  of  water  to  pre- 
vent internal  corrosion,  with  the  result 
that  the  large  body  of  cold  water 
caused  condensation  on  the  fire  or  air 
srtle  of  the  tubes,  and  the  resulting 
moisture  mixing  with  the  deposits 
upon  the  iron  produced  rapid  corrosion. 
This  action  has  inclined  engineers  to 
completely  empty  their  boilers,  rather 
than  to  leave  them  full,  takiug  off  the 
plates  so  as  to  secure  a  free  circulation 
of  air  and  keep  the  sheets  clean  and 
dry.  The  boiler  is  thus  always  open 
for  inspection,  and  any  tendency  to 
corrosion  can  be  quickly  detected. 


The  following  are  the  nine  longest 
words  in  the  English  language  at  the 
present  writing: 

Subconstitutionalist. 

Incomprehensibility. 

Philoprogenitiveness. 

Honorificibilitudinity. 

Authropophagenarian. 

Disproportionableness. 

Velocipedestrianistical. 

Transsubstantiationableness. 

Proantitransubstantiationist. 


Swiss  linns  have  entered  into  a  con- 
tract with  the  Japanese  war  office  to 
supply  a  sufficient  number  of  watches 
for  one  to  be  given  to  everj'  soldier 
who  has  served  in  the  campaign  when 
the  Mikado  reviews  his  victorious 
troops  at  the  close  of  the  war.  The 
watches,  which  will  take  the  place  of 
war  medals,  are  to  cost  $1.50  apiece. 


Among  the  patents  receutly  obtained 
through  Dewey  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
U.  S.  ami  Foreign.  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention  : 

Centrifugal  Pcmj*.— Wiu.  Swabel,  San 
Fraucisco,  Cal.  Assignor  of  one-half  to  Isaac 
L.  Burton  of  same  place.  No.  538,050.  Dated 
April23, 1895.  This  invention  relates  to  centrif- 
fugal  pumps.  It  consists  of  a  case  having  an 
inlet  opening  at  the  center  of  one  side,  to 
which  an  inlet  pipe  is  bolted,  a  shaft  passing 
through  the  opposite  side  of  the  case  with  a 
two-part  ruuner  or  disk  tixed  thereon  so  as  to 
rotate  within  the  case.  Each  part  of  said 
runner  has  a  spiral  channel  formed  upon  it 
so  that  the  two  form  a  tubular  spiral, 
tapering  from  the  inner  end  outwardly.  Fixed 
radial  partitions  extend  from  the  center  of  the 
runner  to  the  angles  where  the  spiral  passages 
meet  so  as  to  complete  the  division  between 
said  passages.  The  case  has  a  spiral  discharge 
passage  formed  between  its  inner  wall  and 
the  periphery  of  the  runner.  The  periphery 
of  said  runner  operating  close  to  the  inner 
wall  of  the  case  at  the  point  where  the 
smallest  end  of  the  spiral  discharge  makes  a 

|  Junction  with  the  largest  end  of  the  passage, 
so  that  the  water  received  into  the  spiral 
channels  of  the  runner,  discharges  into  the 
smallest  end  of  the  spiral  discharge  until  the 
narrowest  part  reaches  the  point  where  the 
two  merge  into  each  other. 

Gas  Regulating  Burner. —Robert  Wynell, 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  No.  538,006.  Dated  April 
23,  1S05.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to 
provide  a  device  which  is  applicable  to  each 
individual  gas  burner,  and  which  serves  to 
automatically  regulate  the  supply  of  gas  with- 
out reference  to  the  variations  in  pressure 
which  may  take  place,  the  device  being  also 
applicable"  in  any  pipe  or  passage  through 
which  fluid  or  liquid  flows  under  a  variable 
pressure.  It  consists  of  a  plug  fitting  closely 
in  the  passage  in  the  interior  of  the  pipe  hav- 
ing spirally  formed  grooves  or  channels  extend- 
ing in  opposite  directions  from  one  end  of  the 
plug  to  the  other,  said  channels  intersecting 
each  other  at  two  distinct  points  upon  opposite 
sides  of  the  plug  whereby  the  fluid  is  inspect- 
ed and  broken  at  each  intersection  and  upon 
opposite  sides. 

Boiler.— John  C.  H.  Stut,  Oakland,  Cal. 
Assignor  to  the  Locomotive  Feed  Water 
Heater  Co.  of  Bakersfield,  Cal.  No.  538,000. 
Dated  April  23,  1S95.  This  invention  relates 
to  that  class  of  boilers  in  which  a  supplemental 
heater  located  within  the  fire-box  is  connected 
at  its  lower  portion  by  a  pipe  with  the  lower 
portion  of  the  boiler,  and  at  its  upper  portion 
is  connected  with  and  is  adapted  to  conduct 
the  hot  water  or  steam  into  the  upper  portion 
of  the  boiler,  whereby  a  complete  circulation 
is  maintained.  The  invention  consists  in  an 
improvement  in  the  form  and  construction  of 
tbe  supplemental  heater  (it  being  jointless 
and  tubeless,  made  of  a  single  piece  of  metal 
and  of  circular  cross  section),  whereby  it  can 
withstand  the  heat  to  better  effect,  is  not 
likely  to  leak,  and  will  not  disturb  joints  by 
its  expansion  and  contraction.    It  also  consists 

i  in  the  novel  construction,  whereby  the  cir- 
culation of  the  water  may  be  observed,  and 
also  in  a  novel  filtering  and  blowing  off  device 

'  in  the  pipe  which  connects   the  lower  portion 

:  of  the  boiler  with  the  supplemental  heater, 
the  object  being  to  effect  a  perfect  filtering  of 

|  the  water  and  deposit  of  the  sediment  and   to 

:  control  its  blowing  off  readily. 


H.  P.  TAYLOR  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  of 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Location  of  works.  Liberty  Mining-  District, 
Sisklyon  county.  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  ylven.  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  tlie  nineteenth  day  of 
April,  1895,  an  assessment  of  Pour  (4c)  cents  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  Immediately  In  United  States 
grold  coin,  lo  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany. 39  Merchants'  Exchange.  431  California  street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re 
main  unpaid  on  the  thirty-first  day  of  May,  1895, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction:  and  unless  payment  Is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  tw.-nty-stxlh  day  of  July.  is%. 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assi'SAmunt,  together  with 
coats  oi  advertising  "auti  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  th<-  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  HENRY  SMITH.  Secretary. 

Office:  39  Merchants'  Exchange,  481  California 
St..  San  Francisco. 


ANNUAL  MEETING. 

The  Regular  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Stockholders 
of  the  Gold  Ridge  Consolidated  Mining  and  Mill- 
ing Company  will  be  held  at  the  office  of  the  Com- 
pany, No.  516  Post  street,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia, on  Monday,  the  £l)th  day  of  May,  1895,  at  the 
hour  af  3  p.  M.,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  a  Board 
of  Directors  to  setve  for  the  ensuing  year,  and  the 
transaction  of  such  business  as  may  come  before 
the  meeting. 

Transfer  books  will  close  on  Friday,  May  17,  at 
1  o'clock  P.  M       RICHARD  PHELAN,  President. 
R.  H.  DALEY,  Secretary. 

Office,  216  Post  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


I 


RUPTURE! 

T  I  in*  been  ■ .■(  uish  i .- 1  <■•  i  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia — commonly  called 
rapture— was  Incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  Is  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  ,1.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  80  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  In  his  office 
ouce  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unless  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  n 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
Is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medica 
College,  of  New  York  City. 

UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA, 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<S> 

— Manufacturers  of— 
STEAH   ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 
♦    ♦    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


The  production  of  mica  for  '94  in  the 
province  of  Quebec  aggregated  400 
tons.  About  150  men  were  employed  in 
mining  it. 


The  sky  is  whiter  over  the  culti- 
vated than  over  the  uncultivated  por- 
tions of  the  earth's  surface,  because  a 
great  deal  of  coarse  dust  is  present  in 
the  atmosphere  in  the  former  instance, 
with  the  result  that  a  larger  propor- 
tion of  white  light  is  diffused. 


Flour  MiUs,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET, Bet.  IN^feO., 

SACRAMF.NTO.  CAL. 


THE  CAL1FORNIV   DEBRIS   COMMISSION,   hav 

lng  received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  T.  G.  Phelps.  In  the  Liberty  Hill  mine. 
Nevada  Co..  nnd  John  Spauluing.  In  the  Polar  Star 
mine,  near  Dutch  Plat.  Placer  Co..  to  Impound  tail- 
ings behind  the  Liberty  Hill  dam.  In  Bear  river; 
and  from  Ah  Wing.  In  the  St.  Lawrence  mine,  near 
Moores  Flat,  Nevada  Co..  to  Impound  tailings  be- 
hind brush  dam  In  Illinois  canyon,  gives  notice  that 
a  meeting  will  be  held  at  Room  02.  Flood  Building. 
San  Francisco.  Cal..  on  May  13.  1895.  at  1:30  p.  M. 


May    I,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


287 


MECHANICAL  DRAWING 


lecture;    Architectural    f/rairtiuj   ami    I), 

i  .i> i„:,i,  >j  ana                                                                                Work;    Steam    /■'  , 

ittg[Sto                                                                                                  ■  ■  '•■■/■'   Hi  Utgt  -k4All 
/j-il  /■:,,./,,.,.,                                                         ■     '  ""'   <""'     \trttil     Mii,,.,-i;     /••  "»/i. ■■ho-/,    iiifl    t/i,         •IVlMIL 

Students  make  rapid  progress  In  learing  to  Dran   and  Letter  Bend      iV^ss**^ 

lar,  Btatlng  ih«-  subject  you  wish  to  study,  to  ,  •vmoroucv. 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scraulou,  Pa.  ;2§™»? 


THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 


IS     THE 


Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


-.GO. 


; 


\ 


• 


<&3±lV£,llJ£.!JLtJ>U&>^     '       ? 


n  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  Ugbt,  Basils 
bandied  ; i ii ti  operated  bj  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  I  be  o.si 
ol  rocfc  drilling  ut  leasl  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  Illusi  rated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
[in-  reatures  and  workings  of 
the  drill,  it  should  he  in  llnL 
bands  ol  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect- 
or \n  the  West.  Seni  fret  on 
apjilication. 

If  you  urt'  Interested  In 
Knelt  Drilling  Correspond 
with   us. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


PRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

OFFICE  AND  WABEROOMS: 

Cure  PARKE  &  LACY  CO 21  and  23  Fremont  Street.  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Or.    Address   I  he   Company  at   lis   l>eiivt»r   Office, 


RandDrillCo. 

Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

/WacHiriery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

[shpemlng Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Streel Denver 

Sberbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado830 City  of  Mexico 

H.  D,  MORRIS  SCO,,  Agents,  141  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  Buit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  "Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.8.A. 


IMPROVED   FORM   OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


The  above  cul  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUULE  JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SING L 111- JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  noweve",  we  furnish i  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mit.  »ig  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


P.  &B.  PAINT. 

^t  Absolutely  Acid  and  Alkali  fi™"f  *-- 

For  CHLORINATION   WORKS   and    Preserving   Wood 
and  Iron  from  Acid  Attack,  Rust  or  Decay. 

F».  <fc  B.  ROOFINC. 

Send   for  Circulars. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO.,  HL22£S2^™£k£fc 

221  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles.  Cal.        49  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  iu  a took  bulls  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph.  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 


Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  holts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  llauges  stand  at  au  acute  angle 
toward  Hie  center,    therefore  readily   con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by   the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
Banges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt,  trans- 
versely two 
feet  apart, 
t  h  c  r  o  is  a 
space  of  one 
Inch,  contaiu- 
,.,,,,    , -__-    lng     twenty 


■iffies  1-35  of 
HP      au     iuch     in 
— — -/       depth.     This 
tends     to 

equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.  ThI 
Hue  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a  belt  with 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Building.. ., 


s  riffle  saves 
an  entirely 


.San  Francisco. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN   A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USEDTHAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH.  - 

CAPACITIES  isotonsJ   DIFFERENT 
UHrnuinuu    per  HOUR. >       sizes. 


;0U/t>T 


»-jZ!&£X$S&S 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,   King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinery . 

Dept.  "M,"6SOElstonAve. 

CHICAGO,  ILLS..  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS 


NEW    YORK, 
136    LIBEHTY   ST, 


LONDON,   E.  C, 
73   A   QUEEN    VICTORIA   ST. 


BUTTE, 

MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO, 
8    CALLE    DE    CANTF 


220  Market  St., 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  Hud  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  a-'cucy.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associate?  and  agents  in  Washington  aud  the  capi- 
tal cities  Of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary and  record  of  original  cases  in^our  office,  we  hive  other  advantages  far. beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  u?  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  Inventors  the  expense  of  applying  foi  patents  upon  Inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
B4vice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage,    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.p, 


■288 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


May  4,  1895. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable    Address:    "RISDON'S"    San     Francisco. 


<^sss^TlANUFACTURERS     0F^™zz^> 


Johnston's  Concentrator,      5£5!HL/^!f! 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  ^!IL^?!!lPr??55^5! 

IMPROVED    CRAWFORD    MILL. 

The  Cheapest  and  Best  Mill  for  extracting"  gold  from  comparatively  free  milling  ores. 
Requires  one-third  the  water,  and  three-fourths  the  power  of  stamps.  Costs  less,  is  operated 
cheaper,  and  will  save  20  to  40  per  cent  more  gold.  Average  saving  85  per  cent.  Inexpensive 
foundation.  No  plates  or  screens.  Wear  and  tear  guaranteed  not  to  exceed  thirty  cents  per 
ton.      Capacity   ten    tons.     Full   particulars, 

MECHANICAL  GOLD  EXTRACTOR  COMPANY, 

47     BROADWAY,     INEW     YORK. 


HUNTINGTON 


CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER 


Quartz  Mill. 


AND 


OFFICE  and 
BKANCH  WORKS: 


2ia  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


niNINQ 

^vAnd^ 

MILLING  MACHINERY. 


TUSTIN'S  PULVERIZER, 


WORKS  ORE 


Wet  or  Dry 


£«* 


s. 


MAIN  WORKS: 
Harbor  View,  San  Francisco. 


THE  WOODBURY  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  WITH  IMPROVED  BELTS  hs-hm*^  JfrJSe-tffBwJS^.^""^  « M 


MORE  THAN  DOUBLE  THIS  CAPACITY  with  one-half  less 
Strong-  and  durable.  Price  !S575  f.  o.  b.  Send  to)-  Catalogue  and  Testimonials. 
[Ued  edges,  to  form  an  expanding   Lop  edge.    THE  IMPROVED  MACFTvir 

1    '  ell  10  1 


the  space  of  any  other  concentrator.    Built  of  best  Steel  and  Wrought  Iron. 

The  annexed  cut  ahtfwa  the  belt  in  Its  Improved  form,  which  consists  of  coi 

HAS  THE  FOLLOWING  MERITS:    First— The  Improved  belts,  which,  consist  of  seven,  are  constructed  and  arranged  so  as  to  allow 

portion  of  the  pulp  1»  such  a  manner  as  to  relieve  the  machine  of  Its  load,  thereby  giving  it  twice  the  capacity  of  other  concentrators,  and  enablln   OS 

work  from  12  to  lo  tons  of  ore  per  day.    Second— The  machine  equalizes  the  load  by  several'  * 
partments,  thereby  working  more  regularly  and  with  much  less  attention  than  Is  necessary  1   ^"l 
other  concentrators  using  wide  oelts.    Each  of  the  belts  on  this  machine  takes  care  of  the  pu    tn( 
is  allowed  to  It— in  this  way  preventing  the  pulp  from  running  to  the  lower  side  of  it.  as  is  t' 

when  a  machine  becomes  out  of  level 


cchanics'  Institute, 
power  and  occupying 


1890  and    18f)l. 

ess  than  one-hair 


Geo.  E.  Woodbury 

Manufacturer, 
141  to  143 

First  St. 
San    Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 


wide  bells  are  used.    Third— The  bells 
perfect  line,  needing  no  adjustment  to 
their  running  from  side  to  side,  as  in  ol 
centrators.    Fourth— The  belt  surface] 
proved     by     indentations    and     corraBE 
causing    the    Concentrator   to    save  IBs 
phurets    and    quicksilver,    and    perfc    _g 
work.    Fifth— The  belts  have  fluted      qtj 
gated  edgeB,    to    form  an  expanded     t__t 
which    effectually    prevents    from        ■#     nug. 
Sixth  — The     feed     arrangement      i     O     'feci. 
Seventh— The  machine  Is  constructed    _    ,'iron. 
with  steel  crank-shaft  self-oiling  boxes,  and 
everything  made  in  the  most  thorough  manner, 
enabling  it  10  run  with  very  little  attention  or 
wear. 

This  Concentrator  took  the  1st  prize  at 
the  San  Francisco  Mechanics*  Institute  in 
1890,  1891  and  1892,  and  at  the  Califor- 
nia State  Fair  in  1892;  it  took  the  1st 
prize  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  1893,  and  at  the  San  Francisco  Midwinter  Fair,  1894. 


PATENTED, 
Aug.  lf>.  1S90. 


LJnioin   Iroin  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST    AND     MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-MANUFftCTURERS   OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  mills, 

WYanty  Chili  /Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoldal  Water  Wheel, 

PUffVPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Cop>f3&r  and  Lead  Eurnaces,        /\U  Classes  of  Marine  U/ork. 

^a^^>SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.^ss^ 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     |4S    BROP%D\A/rt~V.  CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION." 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLUME   i.w. 
Number  III. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  SATURDAY,  MAY  11,  1895. 


THREE   DOLLARS   PER   ANNUM. 
Single  Cuplett,  Ten  Cents. 


Travertine. 


The  mineral  wealth  of  California  comprises  much 
besides  its  metals.     Valuable  alike  for  use  or  orna- 
ment are  many  other  minerals.     Among  the  rarest, 
yet  most  valuable,  of  these  non-metallic  substances  i 
is  California  travertine.     It  is  a  white, 
crystallized    limestone,    found    in    few 
parts   of   the  State   in   quantity  suffi- 
ce ntly  large  to  be  of  commercial  value. 
A  deposit  near    Tolenas    springs,  So- 
lano  county,  attracted   some   attention 
several  years  ago,  but  its  irregularity 
of  fracture  made  it  impossible  to  satis- 
factorily dress  or  quarry  it,  and  it  was 
devoted   to  the  humbler  use   of  mak- 
ing a  superior  quality  of  lime,  till  fuel 
becoming  scarce  the  work  lapsed. 

Recently  a  deposit  has  been  discover- 
ed about  a  mile  southeast  of  Bridge- 
port, Mono  Co.,  which  is  the  subject 
of  the  two  accompanying  illustrations. 
It  is  described  in  the  last  State  Min- 
eralogist's report  as  near  the  base  of 
an  extensive  area  of  hilly  country 
formed  of  hornblende  andesite.  Here 
four  claims  have  been  located  in  one 
block,  but  the  most  of  the  travertine 
is  confined  to  two  of  them.  The 
springs,  which  at  one  time  were  more 
numerous  than  at  present,  have  built 
up  a  deposit  of  unknown  depth,  in 
what  is  apparently  a  basin-like  depres-  ' 
sion;  a  large  part  of  this  mass  con- 
sists of  porous  limestone,  but  in  the 
center  and  eastern  part  deposits  of  a 
different  kind  have  been  formed.  Here 
are  eight  distinct  moles  or  ridges,  seven 
of  them  nearly  parallel  and  built  up 
from  ten  to  twenty-five  feet  above  the 
general  level.  Running  longitudinally 
through  each  of  these,  and  generally 
•nearly  vertical,  is  a  fissure,  some- 
times open  and  nearly  two  feet  wide, 
and  at  others  closed  by  a  deposit  of 
'  banded  onyx  (aragonite)  or  traver- 
tine. The  outer  portion  of  these 
ridges  is  formed  generally  of  a  some- 
what shelly  and  porous  lime  deposit. 
The  open  cavities  sometimes  have  a 
depth  of  fifteen  feet,  and  in  them  can 
he  seen  to  advantage  the  character 
of  the  travertine.  It  would  appear 
that  the  springs  which  carried  the 
lime,  magnesia,  iron,  etc.,  which  were 
deposited  to  form  the  ridges,  were 
generally  arranged  along  parallel  fis- 
sures in  the  underlying  rock.  In 
places  it  would  seem  that  as  the  ridges  were 
built  up  the  central  fissure  grew  wider,  and  the 
deposition  terminated  with  the  filling  of  this 
central  cavity  by  travertine.  In  nearly  all  cases 
the  travertine  was  formed  in  the  vertical  fis- 
sure, while  the  shelly  layers  of  the  lime  adjoining 
were  nearly  level,  sloping  off  on  either  side.  One 
mole  is  still  in  process  of  formation.  Numerous 
springs,  varying  in  temperature  from  lukewarm  to 
boiling,  are  scattered  irregularly  over  the  spaces  be- 
tween the  ridges,  but  do  not  leave  any  deposits  near 
their  orifices,  the  lime  and  magnesia  in  the  latter 
case  not  being  precipitated  immediately  pn  reaching 


the  surface.  The  outer  portions  of  a  number  of  the 
moles  have  been  partly  worn  away.  In  one  or  two 
there  are  considerable  quantities  of  magnesia  and 
soda;  the  travertine  in  the  center,  being  much 
harder,  is  not  so  easily  eroded.  The  extent  of  the 
travertine  and  onyx  is  evidently  considerable;  insuffi- 


English  Comment. 


RECENT     TRAVERTINE     DEPOSIT,     MONO     COUNTY, 


MAIN     FISSURE     OF    THE     TRAVERTINE     DEPOSIT. 

cient  work  has  yet  been  done  to  show  the  depth  to 
which  they  reach.  In  places  it  would  appear  that  it 
must  be  more  than  fifty  feet.  The  great  beauty  of 
the  travertine  found  here  will  undoubtedly  bring  a 
large  amount  of  it  into  use.  The  California  Traver- 
tine and  Onyx  Company,  of  Bridgeport,  is  develop- 
ing the  property. 

A  twentv-two-toh  Armstrong  rifle  throws  a  solid 
shot  twelve  miles,  much  farther  than  its  report  can 
be  heard.  At  its  highest  point,  for  this  extreme 
range,  the  shot  would  be  over  three  miles  above  the 
earth's  surface. 


The  London  Mining  Journal,  in  its  issue  of  April 
20th,  has  a  fair  article  on  "  Gold-Mining  Progress  in 
California,"  its  leading  editorial.  It  is  conservative 
intone.  In  the  course  of  the  article  it  says:  "Con- 
siderable attention  is  being  concen- 
trated upon  the  mineral  wealth  of  Cal- 
ifornia, and  renewed  activity  is  the 
consequence.  *  *  *  *  No  item 
contributing  of  late  to  the  prosperity 
of  the  mining  industry  is  more  signifi- 
cant and  conspicuous  than  the  evi- 
dence continually  forthcoming,  both 
verbal  and  written,  respecting  the  re- 
markable gold  richness  of  California. 
Experts — well-known  and  reliable  en- 
gineers— who  have  recently  visited  the 
country,  speak  in  glowing  terms  of  its 
wealth;  of  the  facilities  that  exist  for 
working,  and  of  the  brilliant  future 
that  is  in  store  for  it,  provided  that 
the  opportunity  now  presented  is  taken 
advantage  of.  Of  the  latter  alone  they 
are  doubtful,  for  effort  and  capital  are 
being  concentrated  too  much  in  one  di- 
rection, to  the  disadvantage  of  other 
fields  that  are  worthy  of  their  atten- 
tion. The  interest  in  gold  mining  in 
California  has  markedly  increased  dur- 
ing the  past  two  years,  very  likely  due 
to  the  unexampled  depression  which 
has  characterized  silver  mining.  It  is 
interesting,  as  well  as  significant,  to 
note  that  the  three  properties  now 
producing  the  largest  amount  of  gold 
per  annum  are  all  mines  which  were 
abandoned  some  years  ago,  when  the 
conditions  were  different;  but,  being 
thoroughly  equipped  and  exploited  by 
the  reinvestment  of  capital,  were  re- 
opened and  successfully  worked.  As 
is  well  known,  the  gold  is  the  product 
largely  of  quartz  mines,  and  within  re- 
cent years  the  cost  in  both  mining  and 
milling  has  been  greatly  reduced.  The 
consequence  is  that  gold  mines  which 
could  not  formerly  be  profitably  oper- 
ated are  now  worked  at  a  profit. 
Speaking  of  quartz  mining,  evidence 
proves  demonstrably  that  it  is  in  a 
better  condition  than  it  ever  bas  been. 
The  speculative  features  have  been  to 
a  great  extent  eliminated  and  careful 
business  methods  adopted,  resulting  in 
a  more  profitable  work  and  greater 
confidence  of  investors.  The  annual 
gold  production  of  California  has  re- 
mained for  some  years  between  twelve  and  thirteen 
millions  of  dollars;  but,  of  late,  in  consequence  of 
the  renewed  activity  of  which  we  have  spoken,  the 
output  has  been  materially  enlarged.  Many  old  prop- 
erties have  been  reopened  and  new  ones  developed. 
*  *  *  *  California  seems  to  possess  all  essentials 
for  the  profitable  prosecution  of  the  mining  indus- 
try, except  capital.  Through  lack  of  the  latter 
many  promising  claims  are  lying  idle.  Neverthe- 
less, there  is  a  faint  hope  that  even  this  vital 
necessity  will  be  rectified,  but,  unfortunately,  it 
cannot  be  prophesied  that  it  will  be  remedied  in  the 
j  near  future." 


29u 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  11.  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED     1SSO. 

Oldest  Milling  Journal  on  the  American  Continent. 

OJice,  No.  *2o  Market  Street-  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Francisco. 
B^~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Frnttt  Street 

ANNUAL   SUBSCRIPTION : 

United  Slates,  Mexico  and  Canada.. S3  00 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 4  00 

Entered  at  the  3.  F.  Postoflice  a9  second-class  mail  matter. 
inn-  latest  forms  go  to  press  on  Thursday  evening. 

.1.  F.  HALLOKAN" General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  May  11,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTESTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS. —  Recent    Travertine    Deposit.    Mono    County; 

Main  Fissure  of  the  Travertine  Deposit,  289.    Floating  Island  in 

Emerald  Bav,  Lake  Tahoe,  California,  292.    Pelton  Wheel  Driving 

Air  Compres'tor.  293     Pollle  Air  Lift  Pump,  394. 
EDITORIALS.— Travertine;    English   Comment,   2S9.    Progress  of 

the  Work;    Lateral  Rights;  Unfairly  Stated;  It  Is  Hoped  Not; 

Miscellaneous,  290. 
SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS —A  Difference  iu  Custom;    Sulphur,    a 

Compound  of  Carbon,  Hydrogen  and  Oxygen :  The  Gas  Engine  and 

the  Steam  fcngine  Joined,  295. 
MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Does  Away  With  the  Dead  Center; 

Perfect  Belt  Transmission;    Faulty  Application  of  Pulleys  and 

Belts;  The  Use  of  Low-Water  Alarms,  295. 
ELECTRIC  PROGRESS..— Miscellaneous  Notes.  396. 
MINING  SUMMARY:— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 

Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  298-99. 
THE -MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;   Coal  and 

Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board;. 

Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  302. 
MISCELLANEOUS. —  Concentrates,    391.      Our     Largest     Lake; 

The  .Man  from   Cassiar;    Co-operative    Contract   System-   Suc- 
cessful,   292.     Sottlh    African    Gold  Mints;    Removing  Cinders; 

Pelton  Wheel  Driving  Air  Compressor,  293.    Pohle  Air  Lift  Pump; 

The  Mines  of  Nevada;  Coast  Industrial  Notes,  294.    Oil  Fuel  for 

Locomotives;  The  Useful  Donkey,  300.  Notices  or  Recent  Patents, 

302. 


Amador  county  is  interested  in  the  preseut  project 
of  working  the  20,000  tons  of  tailings  at  the  Drytown 
Sulphuret  Works  by  a  "  modification  of  the  cyanide 
process."  The  tailings  are  credited  with  an  average 
value  of  S8  per  ton.  The  works,  which  have  a  daily 
capacity  of  75  tons,  were  expected  to  start  this  week, 
and  the  result  may  be  of  interest  to  owners  of  similar 
dumps  in  other  places. 


The  Examiner  of  this  city  gives  just  prominence  to 
a  recent  statement  in  "  Printers'  Ink."  the  great 
journal  for  advertisers,  published  in  New  York  City. 
"Printers'  Ink"  is  to  the  advertising  profession 
in  this  country  what  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  is  to  the  field  it  occupies.  During  the  past 
week  this  paper  is  in  receipt  of  three  letters  from 
the  proprietors  of  "Printers'  Ink."  In  one  the 
statement  is  made  that  this  paper  is  credited  with  a 
higher  circulation  rating  than  any  other  devoted  to 
miuing  in  the  State;  in  another  it  is  stated  that  this 
paper  is  similarly  honored  in  the  realm  of  science, 
and  in  the  third  it  is  averred  that  the  same  superior 
standard  is  accorded  it  in  the  list  of  journals  devoted 
to  electricity.  Each  of  these  three  letters  was  un- 
solicited. The  distinction  thus  conferred  is  gratify- 
ing to  know,  but  the  resultant  gratification  would 
be  enhanced  by  the  receipt  of  a  further  statement 
from  the  publishers  of  that  reliable  authority  that 
the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  does  not  measure 
its  boundary  nor  the  area  of  the  fields  it  fills  by  or- 
dinary State  lines,  but  that,  with  one  exception,  it 
claims  in  its  chosen  sphere  a  larger  circulation  than 
any  of  its  contemporaries  or  competitors.  This  is 
not  said  boastfully  nor  with  any  other  than  the  most 
kindly  and  courteous  feeling  toward  its  able  contem- 
poraries and  energetic  competitors,  but  is  simply  a 
statement  of  the  truth.  Few,  indeed,  are  the  miuing 
men  on  this  continent,  wherever  they  may  be,  who  do 
not  weekly  see  this  paper. 


Unfairly  Stated. 


"  I  am  for  restoring  silver,11  says  Geu.  P.  W.  Hardin,  •.'  to 
where  our  fathers  had.  it — free  and  unlimited  coinage.'1  If  we 
restored  silver  to  where  our  fathers  had  it,  we  should  expel  it 
from  the  country.  Up  to  "  the  crime  of  1S78,"  as  Gen.  Hardin 
terms  it,  only  about  £S,000,000  of  silver  had  been  coined  in 
this  country,  and  for  nearly  forty  years  these  were  so  scarce 
that  they  were  rarely  seen  except  as  "pocket  pieces"  and 
curiosities. — Louisville  Courier-Journal. 

The  Courier- Journal  is  again  unfortunate  in  its 
statements.  The  "  $8,000,000  of  silver  "  it  refers  to 
above  were  eight  million  silver  dollars.  In  addition, 
there  were  coined  $97,000,000  in  smaller  silver  coins, 
a  total  of  $105,000,000  silver  coinage  iu  the  period 
stated.  Probably  the  Courier- Journal  does  .not 
misstate  intentionally,  but  a  California  journal  which, 
attempted  to  deliberately  and  continually  argue  and 
reply  in  such  a  manner  would  be  told  "that  it  was- 
lying. 


— "Progress  of  the  Work. 

Mr.  A.  H.  Ricketts,  who  was  recently  sent  to 
Washington,  D.  C,  by  the  executive  committee  of 
the  California  Miners'  Association  to  represent  the 
case  of  the  miners  of  this  State,  has  returned.  One 
of  the  first  things  he  noticed  at  the  seat  of  the 
National  Government  was  that  few,  if  any,  of  the 
officials  knew  anything  about  mining,  or  had  any 
practical  knowledge  of  the  merits  of  the  case,  either 
way.  They  found  it  difficult  to  understand  that  one- 
half  of  a  section  of  land  could  be  mineral  and  the  re- 
mainder something  else.  Drift,  hydraulic  or  quartz 
mining  were "  to  them  unknown  terms.  It  became 
his  province  and  his  purpose  to  afford  some  primary 
information  on  this  subject,  and  he  believes  that  in 
this  as  in  other  regards  the  result  of  his  mission  will 
be  beneficial.  The  second  noticeable  feature  was  the 
evidently  superior  privileges  that  the  agents  of  the 
railroad  have  there.  Continuous  residence,  long  ac- 
quaintance and  familiarity  with  the  officials  have,  of 
course,  much  to  do  with  that.  Mr.  Ricketts  found 
upon  investigation  in  Secretary  Hoke  Smith's  office 
that  there  was  considerable  celerity  in  the  approval 
of  supplementary  lists.  Indeed,  it  seemed  as  if  the 
wheels  of  departmental  action  had  been  greased. 
The  Secretary  had  assured  Congressman  Caminetti 
that  pending  investigation  he  would  suspend  further 
issuance  of  patents  to  mineral  land  grants  to  the 
railroads,  but  examination  of  the  records  showed 
that  on  April  20th  he  had  formally  approved  the 
supplemental  list  of  93,000  acres  at  the  Roseburg 
office  of  the  S".  P.  Co. ,  and  on  the  following  day  had 
approved  a  Central  Pacific  list  embracing  three 
times  as  much.  Pour  other  clear  lists  had  been  also 
approved,  all  in  a  space  of  four  weeks,  though  ordi- 
narily it  takes  several  months  to  get  even  one  list 
approved.  This  seemed  to  be  an  extraordinary  case. 
It  is  possible. that  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  has, 
in  those  cases,  been  imposed  upon  by  some  of  his 
subordinates.  Mr.  Ricketts  wasted  little  time  upon 
H.  Lamorieux,  General  Commissioner  of  the  Land 
Office,  who  seems  to  be  merely  a  willing  tool  of  the 
railroad  company's  resident  attorneys  and  satellites, 
but,  after  a  brief  and  breezy  interview  with  the 
Commissioner,  he  sought  the  presence  of  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior,  and  entered  a  formal  protest 
against  such  issuance  of  patents  of  disputed  land  to 
the  railroad  company.  Mr.  Hoke  Smith  had  no  ex- 
planation to  offer  as  to  why  he  broke  his  promise  to 
Congressman  Caminetti,  nor  was  any  explanation 
asked. 

The  next  day  Mr.  Ricketts  called  upon  President 
Cleveland.  To  his  excellency  he  recited  the  main 
facts,  reviewing  all  that  had  transpired  since  the 
first  publication  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press 
of  the  rules  .promulgated  on  the  9th  of  July  '94,  and 
brought  up  all  with  which  our  readers  are  so 
familiar,  including  the  swift  and  stealthy  action  of 
the  company-,  the  unwarranted  basis  of  its  claims, 
the  apparent  collusion  in  the  Government  offices, 
and  laid  special  stress  upon  the  legal  point  that  in 
in  March,  1879,  in  a  law  passed  by  Congress,  it  was 
specifically  stated  that  the  Director  of  the  Geological 
Survey  should. classify  the  public  lands  and  examine 
their  geological  structure  and  mineral  resources, 
and  that  a  fair  interpretation  of  such  law  would 
cause  that  Government  bureau  to  do  all  that  is  de- 
signed by  the  Idaho-Montana  act  which  passed  last 
December,  or  is  contemplated  by  the  California  act 
which  did  not  pass  in  the  closing  hours  of  the  53rd 
Congress.  He  argued  that  the  carrying  out  of  that 
law,  with  the  famous  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States  last  August  in  the  Barden  case 
in  Montana,  would  render  further  legislation  on  the 
matter  unnecessary  so  far  as  California  was  con- 
cerned, and  so  work  as  to  give  justice  to  the  miners 
or  a  chance  to;them  to  secure  justice  under  its  work- 
ings. He  asked  the  President  to  interpose  his  power 
in  their  behalf- by  ordering  the  immediate  suspension 
of  all  proceedings  in  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Interior  toward  allowing  the  railroad  companies  to 
absorb  the  public  domain  till  Congress  met  or  till 
some  competent  tribunal  passed  upon  the  points 
raised  and  the  matters  at  issue. 

The  President  gave  him  his  undivided  attention, 
seemed  surprised  at  much  that  he  was  told,  and  prom- 
ised to  look  into,  it  and  help,  at  the  same  time  asking 
Mr;    Ricketts  -to  remain    in   Washington  to   speak 


further  on  any  point  that  needed  explanation.    Three 

days    after — last    Saturday — he   got   the    following 

letter : 

A.  H.  Bit/cells— Dear  Sim  :  I  have  had  an  interview  with 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  and  your  statement  has  been 
referred  to  him.  Of  course  I  do  not  know  what  action  we  can 
or  ought  to  take  on  the  premises.  I  merely  write  to  say  that 
there  seems  to  be  no  necessity  of  your  remaining  here  to  make 
further  presentation  of  the  matter.  I  do  not  know  how  far 
the  patenting  process  has  progressed.  It  may  be  that  it  has 
reached  such  a  stage  as  to  preclude  interruption,  irrespective 
of  other  considerations  involved.    Yours  truly, 

Grover  Cleveland, 

This  epistle  is  no  more  satisfactory  than  other 
famous  epistles  from  its  author  on  equally  famous 
subjects.  In  it  he  evinces  an  intention  to  leave  the 
matter  entirely  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 
Whatever  further  injustice  is  permitted  by  the 
Administration  cannot  be  because  of  lack  of  knowl- 
edge of  the  facts.  Every  official  from  the  President 
down  to  the  doorkeeper  fully  understands  the  situa- 
tion. Meanwhile  the  work  will  go  on,  and  persistent 
effort  maintained  to  secure  justice  for  the  California 
miner  and  prevent  the  absorption  by  the  railroad 
corporations  of  the  mineral  area  of  the  common- 
wealth. 

Lateral   Rights. 


In  the  United  States  District  Court  of  Colorado,  in 
the  Del  Monte  case.  Judge  Hallett,  in  his  decision, 
gives  a  definition  of  the  lateral  right  pertaining  to 
an  apex  crossing  a  side  and  end  line,  incidentally 
touching  upon  the  inapplicability  of  the  Amy-Silver- 
smith case  to  this  state  of  facts.     He  says: 

"It  is  true  that  in  the  Flagstaff  ease,  and  re- 
cently in  the  Amy-Silversmith  case,  the  Supreme 
Court  declared  that  the  end  lines  of  a  location 
shall  be  end  lines  whenever  the  lode  on  its  strike 
crosses  such  lines;  but  these  decisions  do  not  affirm 
that  all  end  lines  of  a  location  crossed  by  a  lode  on 
its  strike  hhall  be  end  lines.  The  most  -that  can  be 
deduced  from  them  is  that  opposite  lines  parallel  to 
each  other  when  crossed  by  the  lode  shall  be  end 
lines.  The  case  presented  is  not  within  the  principle 
of  these  decisions.  We  have  a  lode  extending  on  its 
strike  on  the  general  course  of  the  location  and 
within  tne  side  lines  a  distance  of  1070  feet.  It  is. 
couceded  that  the  south  end  line  of  the  location  is 
well  placed,  and  all  parts  of  the  lode  covered  by  the 
location  are  within  the  end  lines  as  fixed  by  the  lo- 
cator. The  difficulty  arises  from  the  circumstance 
that  the  location  extends  in  a  northerly  direction 
about  820  feet  beyond  the  point  where  the  lode 
diverges  from  the  side  line.  No  reason  is  perceived 
for  saying  that  this  mistake  in  the  length  of  the  lo- 
cation should  defeat  the  right  to  follow  the  dip  of  the 
vein  outside  of  the  location.  It  is  said  that  we  can- 
not make  a  new  end  line  at  the  point  of  divergence 
or  elsewhere,  because  the  court  cannot  make  a  new 
location  nor  in  any  way  change  that  made  by  the 
parties.  This,  however,  is  not  necessai-y.  We  can 
keep  within  the  end  lines  fixed  by  the  locator  in  re- 
spect to  any  extra-lateral  right  that  may  be  recog- 
nized without  drawing  any  line,  and  if  there  be  magic 
in  the  word  '  line  '  it  will  be  better  not  to  use  it. 

"The  case  is  not  entirely  different  when  the  lode 
intersects  one  end  line  and  not  the  other,  but  keeps 
within  the  location  for  a  considerable  distance.  In 
that  case,  as  in  the  accepted. case  of  a  lode  traversing 
the  location  from  end  to  end,  the  locator  ought  to  be 
allowed  to  follow  his  lode  into  adjoining  territory  so 
far  as  he  may  within  his  lines,  and  so  far  as  he  holds 
the  outcrop  in  his  location.  Upon  this  construction 
of  the  statute  respondent  is  entitled  to  so  much  of 
the  lode  upon  its  dip  as  lies  between  the  '  south 
compromise  line  '  and  the  point  of  divergence  of  the 
apex  of  the  vein  from  the  location." 


It  Is   Hoped    Not. 

The  gold-mining  craze  is  certain  to  invade  New  York  in  the 
course  of  sixty  or  ninety  days.  Millions  of  dollars  will  be 
made  out  of  such  speculations,  and  the  furor  among  all  classes 
will  be  the  greatest  ever  known. — New  York  Town  Topics. 

It  is  to  be  sincerely  hoped  that  such  a  "craze" 
will  not  ensue.  Nothing  is  further  from  legitimate 
mining,  but  nothing  so  hurts  a  mining  area  included 
in  its  operations.  There  are  millions  to  be  made  by 
careful  investments  in  gold  mines  and  judicious,  eco- 
nomical management  of  their  workings,  but  only  by 
the  slow,  ordinary  commercial  routine  attending  any 
other  legitimate  business.  Any  one  who  goes  into 
it  on  a  different  proposition  is  a  gambler,  and  a 
gambler  s  fate  awaits  him. 


May   11,   1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


291 


Concentrates. 

PlWl  me u  ar**  now  ut  work  iu  the  Willow  Creek,  Idaho, 
mining  camp. 

The  April  clean-up  of  the  Bonanza,  Baker  Co.,  Oregon,  ten- 
stamp  mill  was  $20,000. 

The  May  dividend  of  the  Morning  Star  mine  of  Iowa 
Hill,  Placer  county,  is  *4  per  share. 

Tbe  Silver  Queen  mine,  sixty  miles  south  of  Kingman, 
Arizona,  is  to  be  sold  this  month  to  eastern  men. 

The  Everett,  Wash.,  smelter  has  resumed  operations. 
There  is  an  accumulation  of  ore  ready  for  treatment. 

It  is  reported  that  H.  P.  Stow  of  Forbestowu,  has  prohib- 
ited the  men  who  work  in  the  Gold  Bauk  mine  from  gam- 
bling. 

The  April  pay-roll  of  the  Comstock  mining  and  milling  com- 
panies amounted  to  $7t;,t;03.««—  about  $1000  higher  than  that  of 
March. 

It  is  reported  from  DeLamar,  Nev.,  that  the  mill  has  been 
shut  down  because  of  a  scarcity  of  water,  and  sixty  men 
laid  off. 

"Qcabtz  Johnson,"  a  well  known  old-timer,  who  came  to 
Coulierville  in  '48,  died  there  last  Saturday  iu  the  80th  year 
oi  his  age. 

Union  mineus  in  Wardner,  Idaho,  have  denounced  the  A. 
P.  A.  and  refuse  to  allow  members  of  that  body  to  work  in 
the  mines  there. 

A  three-stamp  battery,  run  by  anS-H.'P.  gasoline  engine, 
is  now  at  the  Hose  Hill  mine.  Nevada  Co.,  the  forerunner  of  a 
more  pretentious  plant. 

Lead  has  been  found  in  the  sandstone  in  Salina  canyon, 
Utah.  Silver  was  found  in  paying  quantities  in  sandstone  in 
Utah  twenty  years  ago. 

M  inagek  Dern  of  the  Mercur,  Utah,  mine  has  about  de- 
termined to  build  a  plant  in  Salt  Lake  of  sufficient  capacity  to 
handle  the  Merour  cyanides. 

The  Oro  Fino  mine,  three  miles  from  Nevada  City,  is  being 
developed  anew,  has  been  renamed  the  Stanford,  and  will 
have  a  ten-stamp  mill  this  month. 

Geo.  MAiNHARThas  a  bond  on  the  Fort  una  mine,  near  Ne- 
vada City,  and  is  having  it  pumped  out  preparatory  to  de- 
veloping what  is  deemed  a  valuable  property. 

T.  J.  Nichols,  treasurer  of  the  Placer  County  Miners'  As- 
sociation, informs  the  Colfax  Sentinel  that  contributions  to  the 
miners'  fund  in  that  county  aggregate  over  $1000. 

The  time  for  filing  protests  with  the  Land  Office  at  Sacra- 
mento against  the  issuing  of  patents  to  the  railroad  com- 
pany for  lands  which  are  mineral,  expires  to-day. 

It  is  claimed  that  $60,000  has  been  spent  on  the  Hocumac 
mines  located  on  "Old  Baldy,"  Ontario,  San  Bernardino 
County.     Omaha  capitalists  are  pushing  developments. 

A  man  named  Grossmann,  who  claims  to  be  a  ruining  expert, 
is  under  arrest  at  Reno,  Nev.,  charged  with  conveying  ficti- 
tious  deeds  to  mining  property  in  the  Pine  Nut  district. 

The  only  mine  in  Pioche,  Nevada,  now  in  operation  is  the 
Vuba,  which  is  being  worked  under  lease  by  Lloyd  &  Swind- 
ler, and  is  producing  some  ore  that  will  stand  shipment. 

Twenty  men  left  Selma,  Fresno  Co.,  this  week  for  Alaska, 
under  the  leadership  of  F.  Deesy,  who  claims  to  have  authen- 
tic information  of  the  existence  of  placer  mines  at  Cook's 
Inlet. 

The  Finch  Mining  and  Dredging  Company,  working  on  the 
Fraser,  five  miles  north  of  Lytton,  B.  C,  are  reported  to  be 
making  $20  an  hour,  the  cost  of  operating  the  plant  being  §20 
a  day. 

The  Virginia  Mining  and  Milling  Company  has  incorporated 
in  Los  Angeles;  capital  stock,  $500,000;  J.  M.  Witmer,  H.  H. 
Russell,  H.  F.  Hartzell,  A.  W.  Davis,  C.  G.  Van  Fleet, 
directors. 

Thirty  men  are  employed  at  the  Mt.  Jackson  quicksilver 
mine,  fourteen  miles  from  Healdsburg,  Sonoma  Co.  There 
are  250  tons  cinnabar  ore  on  the  dump.  The  April  output  was 
1»7  flasks. 

The  Mountain  Chief  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  at 
Oroville,  Butte  Co. :  capital  stock,  $8000;  directors,  G.  M. 
Graysen,  Jr.,  C.  L.  Donahoe,  J.  F.  Sersamons,  W.  H.  Sale 
and  J.  H.  Graves. 

Though  there  is  still  plenty  of  gold  in  the  mountains,  the 
Mariposa  Gazette  thinks  that  the  prospector  who  works  but 
an  hour  a  day  and  plays  pedro  the  rest  of  the  time  is  not  going 
to  find  much  of  it. 

The  Central  Pacific  R.  R.  Co.  advertises  in  the  Nevada 
Herald,,  of  the  2d  inst.,  that  "Lands  covered  by  actual  mining 
claims,  which  are  being  operated  as  mines,  will  be  relin- 
quished without  consideration." 

After  a  dormancy  of  nearly  two  years,  the  Hunter  mine  at 
Mullan,  Idaho,  again  prepared  to  resume  operations  but  the 
customary  labor  troubles  in  that  region  compelled  the  super- 
intendent to  abandon  the  project. 

The  Eureka  Consolidated  will  now  go  ahead  and  let  some 
new  contracts.  The  suits  of  Keyes  and  Arents  against  the 
company,  which  were  on  appeal  at  Washington,  D.  C,  have 
been  decided  in  favor  of  the  company. 

The  Garfield  mine  at  Atlantic  City,  Idaho,  is  now  turning 
out  $150  a  day  in  gold,  working  only  during  the  day-time!  A 
new  six-foot  vein  has  been  struck,  which  is  one  of  the  best  ore 
bodies  ever  found  in  that  famous  mine. 

The  Inter-Ocean  Mining  Company,  capital  stock  $500,000, 
has  filed  articles  of  incorporation  at  Rawlins,  Wyoming.  The 
trustees  are  W.  Hatton,  F.  Moore,  W.  J.  Cran,  C.  C  Mar- 
shall, J.  H.  Stewart,  S.  S.  Blanchard,  F.  Menking. 

The  Courier  says  the  Montgomery  gold  mines  in  southern 
Nye  Co.,  Nevada,  are  looking  well  and  another  Huntington 
mill  is  to  be  erected.  Thirty  new  tents  have  been  pitched  in 
the  district  in  the  last  month  by  prospectors  and  miners. 

VV.  C.  D.  Body  has  been  awarded  the  contract  to  erect  the 
ten  additional  stamps  at  the  W.  Y.  O.:  D.  mine,  Grass  Valley. 
No  new  structure  will  be  erected,  but  the  present  mill  will  be 
widened."  Tbe  contract  for"  machinery  has'not  yet  been  let. 

Large  bodies  of  elatente,  ozocente  and  gilsenite  are  re- 
ported discovered  in  eastern  Utah   and  western   Colorado. 


Denver  men  are  credited  with  intent  "  u»  open  up  the  mine* 
and  commence  the  manufacture  of  rubber  goods  and  candles." 
The  Nimshew  Gold  Miniug  Company  baa  Incorporated  in 
Butte  county;  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran 
capital  stuck,  $100,000,  15000  actually  subscribed;  directors, 
J.  M.  Wells,  G.  R.  Fletcher,  J.  R.  Davidson,  \V.  B.  Hamilton 
and  D.  Gutmunn. 

Fortt-811  companies  mining  on  the  Wltwatersrand  employ 
9846  stamps  to  mill  on  an  average  362,897  tons  of  "banket" 
per  month.  The  average  quantity  of  stone  crushed  per  stamp 
per  diem  Is  Btated  to  be  4.28  tons,  and  the  gold  yield  B.91  dwt 
per  ton,  valued  ut  ti  Uteld. 

Extensive  developments  on  the  Suunyside  and  Beck  with 
Consolidated  Gravel  mines  on  the  McKea  ridge,  Plumas 
county,  give  good  promise  of  satisfactory  yield.  That  part 
of  Plumas  county  is  a  promising  field  for  moneyed  men  to  de- 
velop rich  gravel  and  quartz  mines. 

A  shipment  of  $61,039  In  gold  was  received  this  week  from 
the  Alaska-Treadwell  mine,  representing  the  run  of  the  mill 
for  thirty  days,  during  which  2d,039  tons  of  ore  were  worked, 
averaging  *2.68  per  ton,  and  243  tons  sulphurets  were  treated! 
The  gross  expenses  in  April  were  $26,782. 

The  Basin,  Montana,  Times  dejectedly  says  :  •■  11  ever  the 
placer  miners  looked  down  in  the  mouth  it  is  in  the  present 
year  of  our  Lord.  No  water,  no  diggin's.  The  hills  are  about 
bare  of  snow,  with  prospects  of  a  mighty  short  season's  run 
for  these  gray-bearded  old  grizzlies  of  the  Rockies." 

The  first  Northern.  Pacific  patent  to  lieu  lands  ever  re- 
ceived in  that  district  arrived  at  Spokane,  Wash.,  this  week. 
It  covers  16,192  acres,  nearly  all  of  which  is  in  Lincoln  county, 
and  much  of  which,  it  is  said,  is  occupied  by  men  who  have 
delayed  filing  contests,  thinking  there  would  be  "plenty  of 
time." 

Last  fall  a  man  named  Springer  gave  another  named  Lewis 
verbal  permission  to  sell  a  Trail  Creek  claim,  keeping  all  he 
got  over  51000.  After  some  time  Lewis  got  S1500,  but  Springer 
refused  to  pass  the  title,  as  the  claim  would  now  bring  $50,000. 
The  county  court  has  held  that  Springer  must  make  the 
transfer. 

The  men  who  engage  California  miners  to  take  charge  of 
important  South  African  enterprises  pay  princely  salaries. 
Harry  Webb  gets  §15,000  per  annum :  R.  H.  Cavill  $7500.  Jno. 
Hays  Hammond's  $60,0UJ  is  as  much  as  is  paid  the  President 
of  the  United  States  and  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States. 

The  Calumet  and  Hecla,  Mich.,  copper  mine  pays  a  £500,000 
dividend  to-day:  this  makes  an  aggregate  of  $41,850,000  cash 
dividends  that  great  property  has  paid  to  date.  The  Tharsis 
copper  mine,  a  European  property,  is  another  great  dividend- 
payer.  A  $625,000  dividend  was  paid  yesterday,  being  a  total 
of  $26,292,160  to  date. 

The  Trinity  County  Miners'  Association  has  raised  in  ad- 
dition to  previous  donations  $100  to  second  the  efforts  of  the 
State  Miners'  Association  in  securing  the  mineral  lands 
against  the  claims  of  the  railroad.  In  addition  to  this,  Hon. 
John  McMurray  went  among  the  business  men  of  Weaver- 
ville  and  obtained  about  $100  more. 

The  United  States  Census  Bureau,  in  mining  statistics, 
shows  that  the  labor  employed  in  the  actual  production  of  the 
precious  metals  averages  $725  per  year:  the  average  output 
per  man  amounts  to  $1723  a  year.  Mining  pays  higher  wages 
to  the  laborer  and  better  profits  to  the  employer  than  any 
other  business  carried  on  in  the  United  States. 

The  Birkbeck  Investment,  Security  and  Savings  Company 
of  Toronto,  has  incorporated  to  mine  in  British  Columbia.  The 
Finch  Mining  Company,  limited,  of  Pittsburg,  Penn.,  has 
likewise  incorporated;  capital  stock,  $6,000.  A  new  limited 
liability  company  is  the  Vancouver  Gold  and  Silver  Explora- 
tion and  Concessions  Company,  of  Vancouver:  capital  stock, 
$500,000. 

The  Mojave  Miner  hears  that  reorganization  of  the  Mam- 
moth Mining  Company  is  in  contemplation,  and  that  the  prin- 
cipal English  stockholders  are  now  on  their  way  to  this  coun- 
try for  that  purpose.  The  Mammoth  is  in  Pinal  county,  and 
is  one  of  the  largest  and  richest  gold  mines  in  Arizona.  The 
new  organization  will  expend  about  $200,000  in  improvements, 
among  which  will  be  the  removal  of  the  mill  from  the  San 
Pedro  river  to  the  mine  and  the  increase  of  its  capacity  to  100 
stamps. 

Sam'l  Colltek,  of  the  Tacoma,  Wash.,  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce, sends  the  following  statement  of  the  Tacoma  Smelting 
and  Refining  Co.  for  the  month  of  April,  1895:  Number  of 
men  employed,  61;  pay-roll,  $4,327.31;  wood-choppers  and 
teams,  $680;  total  pay-roll,  $5  007.31.  Product:  2200  bars 
bullion,  weighing  227,508  pounds.  Contents:  1315.04  ounces 
gold  at  $20.67— $27,181.87;  21,959.61  ounces  silver  at  66%  cents 
—$14,603.14;  225,913  pounds  lead  at  S2.95  per  cwt.— $6664.44; 
total,  $4S, 449.45. 

A.  R.  Hammond— who  has  been  retained  as  consulting  en- 
gineer to  the  Franco  Syndicate,  started  by  Parisian  financiers 
with  £400,000  capital,  half  of  which  was  subscribed  in  Loudon, 
to  explore  and  develop  large  concessions  obtained  from  the  Por- 
tuguese Government  from  the  Gueneue  to  the  Congo,  east- 
ward to  the  head-waters  of  the  Zambesi  on  the  borders  of  the 
Barotseland,  South  Africa, — is  organizing  an  expedition  to  ex- 
amine its  mineral  resources,  and  the  practicability  of  con- 
structing a  light  railway  from  the  coast  to  the  Upper  Zambesi 
regions. 

The  West  Le  Roi  &  Josie  Consolidated  Mining  Company  has 
been  incorporated  at  Spokane,  Wash. ;  capital  stock,  $500,000. 
The  incorporators  are  G.  H.  Casey,  C.  Griffith,  D.  Holzman, 
S.  I.  Silverman,  J.  M.  Burke,  J.  B.  Jones,  R.  Thompson,  H.  M. 
Stephens.  The  primary  object  is  to  carry  on  a  mining  business 
in  the  Trail  Creek  District,  British  Columbia.  The  Great 
Western  Mining  Company,  whichrecently  incorporated  there, 
has  organized.  The  officers  are  L.  Bertonneau,  president ; 
J.  B.  Jones,  vice-president;  H.  M.Stephens,  secretary  and 
treasurer,  M.  Burke,  manager. 

Under  date  of  the  1st,  Stephen  Barton,  who  "has  charge  of 
the  canal  work  now  in  construction  in  Kern  Co.,  writes  from 
Kernvi lie,  that  the  company  engaged  in  constructing  the 
electric  canal  under  his  charge  is  incorporating.  The  com- 
pany name  has  not  been  yet  selected.  The  works  will  be  near 
Keysville;  the  postoffice  address  for  the  present  will  be  K^rn- 
Ville.  The  men  engaged  in  this  enterprise  are  mainly  resi- 
dents of  Chicago.     "The  work,  so  far,  looks  to  a  canal  sixty- 


flvejeel  wide  and  five   feet   deep,  and   i*  expected  to  have  a 

■'•"  '  ""■-  i  apacli  '■■  oi  , >ubfe  reel  per  second  and  a  fall 

feet, 

Tpa  Ibex.  Utah,  mine  was  attached  I  as  I  week  for  an  unpaid 

J  116,000,  which  was  followed  by  other  claims.     A  Salt 

Luke  man  who  claims  to  be  posted  says  thai  the  mine  hadpro- 

,iu'"'    ' '■ ""  worth  of  ore   since  its  purchase  In  1894;  thai 

but  $30,ooo  had  been  paid  on  the  purchase  price  and  that  the 
smelter  involved  an  expenditure  oi   180,000,  which  makes  a 

total  . .f  $ltti.inm       This    leaves    at    least    8390,000    to  COVi 

oosl  of  operating  the  mine.    A  plant  which  has  oost  but  $180, 

000 and  has  produced  $330,000  in  the  time  it  has  been  held  by 
the  owners  is  not  a  bad  proposition,  and  somebody  seen,-  to 
have  made  money  out  of  it. 

Tub  Record-Union  is  now  after  the  quartz  miners,  and  says 

thui  the  quartz  grit  coming  f;om  the  stamp  mills  ■-..■ 
most  injurious  form  of  debris."  First,  it  was  hydraulic  min- 
ing that  incurred  the  Record-Union? a  displeasure;  then  drift 
mining  came  under  the  ban,  and  now  the  poor  quart?  miners 
are  excommunicated.  With  butter  at  ten  cents  a  puUnd,  the 
man  who  makes  two  blades  of  grass  grow  where  but  ooe  grew 
before  is  a  public  benefactor;  with  gold  at  $20.67  an  ounce,  the 
man  who  adds  an  ounce  or  a  ton  of  it  to  the  commonwealth  is 
a  villain.  By  its  malicious  exaggeration  and  manifest  un- 
fairness the  Record- Union  has  destroyed  its  influence  and 
neutralized  the  effect  of  its  assertions! 

The  Oregon  &  California  Railroad  Company  has  applied  for 
patent  to  another  lot  of  land  in  southern  Oregon,  aggregating 
about  12,000  acres.  Some  of  these  lands  are  situated  in 
Douglas  county,  more  in  the  extreme  western  part  of  Jackson 
county.  Mineral  land  is  included  and  those  interested  in 
that  section  should  investigate  the  descriptions  carefully. 
The  lists  were  filed  with  the  officers  of  the  Roseburg  land 
office  April  23d,  and  sixty  days  from  that  date  are  allowed  for 
the  filing  of  protests  or  contests  against  the  claim  of  the  rail- 
road company  on  the  grounds  that  the  land  is  more  valuable 
for  mineral  than  for  agricultural  purposes.  These  protests 
should  be  filed  with  the  Roseburg  land  office  officials. 

Prospectors  along  the  Columbia  have  thought  that  if  they 
could  only  cross  over  on  the  reservation  they  could  pan  out 
gold,  and  some  have  tried  it,  but  all  have  recently  given  up 
the  Job.  When  the  Indians  found  that  the  Boston  men  were 
mining  on  their  side  of  the  river  they  at  once  ordered  them 
away.  All  kinds  of  barters  and  propositions  made  by  the 
white  men  to  remain  were  dismissed  without  ceremony  by 
Siwashes,  and  the  whites  had  to  vamoose.  One  of  the  miners 
is  said  to  have  been  so  provoked  upon  being  driven  across  the 
river  that  he  secured  an  old  needle  gun  and  took  a  shot  across 
the  river  at  the  first  Siwash  he  saw.  Now  the  Indians  are 
worked  up  and  threaten  to  shoot  anybody  found  trespassing 
on  the  reservation. 

W.  G.  Riffenberg,  of  San  Diego,  is  about  ready  to  put  in 
operation  his  plan  for  placer  mining  in  the  Colorado  river,  and 
will  begin  at  Temple  Bar.  He  has  built  two  catamarans  which 
he  will  anchor  in  mid-stream  by  steel  cables  up  and  down  the 
river  so  that  the  boats  will  remain  stationary.  Two  wheels, 
twenty  feet  in  diameter  and  with  a  twenty  foot  breast  each, 
will  be  placed  between  these  catamarans  and  attached  to  the 
them,  so  that  the  current  will  revolve  them.  These  wheels 
are  expected  to  develop  140-horse  power.  Located  on  the 
catamarans  will  be  two  pumps,  operated  by  the  wheels,  to 
irrigate.  The  ropes  will  be  so  adjusted  that  they  will  permit 
of  a  twenty  foot  rise  in  the  river  without  any  inconvenience 
to  the  boats  or  wheels,  and  appliances  are  also  provided  for 
protecting  the  boats  and  wheels  from  drift,  and  in  case  of  ex- 
traordinary high  water,  for  swinging  them  into  the  shore. 
The  boats  are  built,  the  two  pumps  are  at  Kingman  and  will 
be  placed  in  position  this  week.  The  plant  will  cost  815,000, 
and  if  successful,  this  amount  will  soon  be  realized  from  wash- 
ing gold  out  of  the  gravel  on  Temple  Bar. 

THESutro  Tunnel— "The  Comstock  Tunnel  Company,"  has 
an  income  of  S2S00  per  month;  its  monthly  expenses  are  about 
one-half  that.  The  recent  change  iu  the  ownership  of  that 
famous  bore,  which,  with  its  branches  drains  the  Comstock 
to  the  depth  of  lfiOO  feet,  encourages  the  belief  that  active 
mining  and  development  work  will  be  pushed.  Under  the 
rule  of  the  late  owners  little  wasdoue  except  to  keep  up  repairs 
on  the  new  tunnel.  The  new  owners  will,  it  is  said,  put  the 
property  in  good  condition,  clean  out  and  repair  the  branches 
that  run  north  and  south  along  the  front  of  the  lode,  when 
they  will  hold  in  command  all  the  Comstock  mines  from  the 
level  of  the  tunnel  to  the  surface,  and  all  the  unexplored 
"west  country"  lying  back  of  the  lode.  It  is  understood  to 
be  the  intention  of  the  new  owners  to  encourage  the  extrac- 
tion of  the  numerous  deposits  of  low-grade  ores  known  to  exist 
at  several  points  along  the  lode  in  the  old  levels  between  the 
tunnel  level  and  the  surface.  As  in  working  from  below  up- 
ward, every  pound  of  rock  and  ore  excavated  will  descend  to 
the  tunnel  level  by  force  of  gravity,  exploration  and  all  other 
work  may  be  done  more  rapidly  and  cheaply  than  is  now  be- 
ing done  by  working  downward  and  hoisting  both  ore  and 
waste  rock  by  steam  power.  In  working  upward  there  need 
be  but  little  handling  of  the  material  excavated,  as  chutes 
can  carry  the  ore  and  rock  down  to  the  cars  plying  in  the 
tunnel. 

It  is  estimated  that  the  Transvaal  mines  lose  £300,000  a 
year  by  the  inability  to  treat  slimes.  How  to  recover  this  by 
profitable  treatment  is  a  question  now  discussed  on  the 
Randt,  and  "developments  of  distinct  importance  for  gold 
mining  are  promised  in  the  attention  directed  to  the  solution 
of  this  problem.  In  one  quarter  the  whole  merits  of  dry 
crushing  to  prevent  slimes  and  direct  cyanidation  are  being 
debated,  while,  in  another,  practical  efforts  are  attempted  to 
separately  deal  with  slimes,  and  thus  avoid  the  interference 
with  existing  plants  which  the  first  proposal  would  involve." 
It  is  claimed  that,  with  rich  slimes  containing  about  7dwt. 
of  gold  to  the  ton,  successful  treatment  has  already  been 
achieved.  By  means  of  disintegration  and  subsequent  press- 
ure, 98%  of  gold  has  been  obtained  at  a  cost  of  10s.  per  ton. 
The  bulk  of  gold  slimes,  however,  does  not  carry  more  than 
3dwt  or  -idwt  to  the  ton,  and  obviously  it  would  not  pay  to 
deal  with  them  in  this  manner.  It  cannot  be  said  that  any 
actual  working  success  has  attended  the  experiments  with 
poorer  slimes ;  but  several  processes  have  appeared  so  far 
promising  of  practical  results  that  trial  plants  have  been 
erected  at  different  South  African  gold  mines.  One  of  these 
aims  at  improving  the  precipitation  of  gold  from  dilute  solu- 
tion, which  is  sought  to  be  effected  by  preserving  the  chem- 
ical purity  of  the  zinc,  and  by  the  addition  of  an  electro- 
negative element. 


2y2 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


May  11,  1895. 


Our    Largest    Lake. 


Herewith  is  illustrated  Lake  Tahoe — that  greatest 
of  all  the  mountain  lakes  of  the  Sierra  Nevada.  The 
lake  occupies  an  elevated  valley  at  a  point  where 
this  mountain  system  divides  into  two  ranges.  It  .is, 
as  it  were,  engulfed  between  two  lofty  and  nearly 
parallel  ridges  lying  to  the  east  and  west  of  the 
lake.  As  the  higher  range  is  on. the  west,  the  lake 
belongs  to  the  eastern'  slope  of  the  Sierra  Neva- 
da. The  boundary  between  California  and  Nevada 
corners  in  the  center  of  the  lake,  and  this  point 
is  not  changed,  though  recent  surveys  have  inclined 
the  southerly  extension  of  the  line  eastward,  so 
that  California  gets  more   territory. 

Lake  Tahoe  is  over  twenty-one  miles  in  its  great- 
est length  and  twelve  miles  in  its  greatest  width; 
and  calculating  irregularities  of  outline,  the  water 
surface  is  about  200  square  miles.  It  derives  its 
waters  from  a  watershed  of  500  square  miles  and 
more  than  100  affluents  of  various 
capacities,  deriving  their  waters 
from  the  amphitheater  of  snow- 
clad  mouu  tains  which  rise  on  all 
sides  from  7000  to  12,000  feet.  The 
only  outlet  from  the  lake  is 
Truckee  river,  which  carries  the 
surplus  waters  from  a  point  on  its 
northwestern  shore,  out  through 
a  gorge  to  the  plains  of  Nevada 
and  thence  to  Pyramid  lake. 

Lake  Tahoe  was  first  seen  by 
Fremont,  after  information  of  its 
existence  from  the  Indians.  It 
has  had  various  names.  By  stat- 
ute of  California  it  is  Lake  Bigler, 
but  usage  has  now  fully  estab- 
lished the  name  Tahoe,  which  is 
said  to  be  a  Washoe  Indian  word 
meaning  '-'Big Water"  or  "Deep 
Water,"  though  some  claim  that 
the  word  simply  means  "Fish 
Lake." 

Tahoe  impresses  all  visitors  as 
a  grand  piece  of  water.  Its 
great  size,  when  one  considers  its 
lofty  perch  amid  the  mountain 
summits,  is  profoundly  impress- 
ive. The  depth  of  its  waters  also 
strike  one  with  awe.  Local  dec- 
larations of  its  depth,  in  connec- 
tion with  the  fact  that  sunken 
bodies  do  not  rise,  and  the  speed 
-with  which  dangerous  squalls 
arise  without  warning — all  com- 
bine to  make  the  visitor  shudder 
while  he  admires.  The  depth  of 
the  water  is  usually  exaggerated, 
although  the  demonstrated  depth 
of  1645  feet,  established  by  Dr. 
John  Leconte,  makes  it  deeper 
than  the  profoundest  of  the  Swiss 
lakes. 

The  charms  of  Tahoe  are  be- 
yond enumeration.  The  peculiar 
hues  of  its  waters  at  places  of 
varying  depth  are  entrancing. 
The  coolness  and  purity  of  its 
water  at  all  points  are  notable 
and  it  is  not  wonderful  that  it 
should  stand  as  the  ideal  source 
of  water  supplies  for  the  cities 
of  central  California,  when  pop- 
ulation and  wealth  shall  justify 
the   necessary  expenditure. 

Our   engraving  gives  a  glimpse 
of  one  of  the  most   popular  arms 
of  the  lake,    known    as    Emerald 
Bay,  situated   near  its  southwest 
corner.     This  bay  has  a  charming 
green  hue    to    its  water.      It  is 
surrounded  by  a  fringe  of  timber, 
while   the  rocky   and  often  snow- 
mantled    mountain    sides    beyond 
the  timber  rise  in   majestic  forms 
and  dimensions.     The   picture  shows  only   a.  part  of 
Emerald    Bay.        It   has    wider,   waters   ami    larger 
islands,    but  the  photographer  lias    chosen  a  point 
where   an     object  of   much   interest  is   in'"s'ight— a 
floating  island  sustaining   tree   growth 


pounds  of  mail  daily  per  mile  of  route.  For  500 
pounds  $64. 12  is  paid;  for  1000  pounds  $85.50,  and 
so  on.  Land-grant  railroads  receive  20  per  cent  less 
than  these  rates. 


Co-operative  Contract  System  Successful. 


The  Man  from  Cassiar. 


St.  Peter  (to.  applicant) — You  say  that  while  on 
earth,  yon  mined  in  the  Cassiar."  Now  tell  me,  did 
you  ever  lie  to  your  fellow  beings  about  that  country? 
|  Applicant — No,  saint.  I  have  always  told  the  truth. 
1  St.  Peter — -You  never  told  tha^-you.  took  out  a 
hundred  ounces  to  the  pan,  that  you  used  frozen 
quicksilver  for  bullets,  that  smoke  clung  to  the 
branches  of  trees  in  great  frozen  clouds,  and  when 
you  addressed  your  partner  he  had  to  wait  until 
spring  for  the  sound  to  thaw  out  ? 

Applicant — No,  saint,  I  never  told  such  things. 

St.  Peter — You  didn't,  eh?  Well,  then,  you're 
lying  to  me  now,  for  if  you  never  told   those   things 


FLOATING      ISLAND     IN     EMERALD     BAY,     LAKE    TAHOF,     CALIFORNIA. 


On  several  occasions  the  co-operative  contract 
system  of  doing  shop  work,  first  described  by  an 
Eastern  exchange,  has  been  mentioned  in  these  col- 
umns. This  is  a  system  which  is  said  to  be  far 
superior  to  the  day-work  plan,  the  purely  piece- 
work method,  or  any  of  the  various  schemes  pro- 
posed for  profit  sharing,  between  the  employer  and 
the.  employe.  This  system  has  been  established  in 
one  of  the  largest  electrical  manufacturing  estab- 
lishments in  the  country  and  its  operations  are  ex- 
plained by  an  exchange.  When  it  was  decided  that 
all  the  men  should  work  together  and  share  in  the 
profits  the  first  thing  necessary  was  to  fix  a  basis. 
In  a  certain  department,  prior  to  the  introduction 
of  the  new  system,  each  man  was  rated  at  a  certain 
sum  per  hour,  supposed  to  be  adjusted  according  to 
merit.  Taking  that  rating  and  the  number  of  hours 
worked  during  the  week,  as  a  basis,  the  distribution 
was  made  as  follows:  A.  is  rated 
at  25  cents  per  hour,  B.  %20.  A. 
works  60  hours,  B.  50.  Their 
earnings,  according  to  rate,  be- 
ing $15  and  $10,  respectively;  a 
total  of  $25.  The  product  of  then- 
labor  for  that  week,  ,  according 
to  the  price  paid  for  it,  amounted 
to  $30,  leaving  a.  profit  of  $5. 
As  A.  earned  60  per  cent  of  the 
$25,  he  should  be  entitled  to  60 
per  cent  of  the  profits,  or  $3, 
which,  added  to  the  $15,  makes 
his  entire  wages  $18.  And  as 
B.'s  earnings  only  show  40  per 
cent  he  can  claim  only  40  per 
cent  of  the  profits,  or  $2,  making 
his   total   for  the  week  $12. 

The  gentleman,  in  describing 
the  results  of  the  system,  says 
that  no  more  equitable  system  of 
distribution  could,  be  imagined, 
(iangs  were  organized  through- 
out the  works,  each  with  its  leader 
or  gang  boss,  who  .was  rated 
slightly .  higher  than  the  others. 
A  co-operative  gang-unloaded  the 
raw  material  from  the  cars,  an- 
other made  the  packing  cases 
for  the  finished  product,  another 
packed  it  into  the  cases  ready 
for  shipment,  and  still  another 
placed  it  on  the  cars,  and 
throughout  all  the  different  de- 
partments, where  the  require- 
ments demand  it,  gangs  were 
organized,  and,  in  fact,  some 
places  where  the.  requirements 
did  not  demand  it.  For  instance, 
engines  were  built  co-operatively, 
although  a  price  was  recorded  for 
the  necessary  operations  on  each 
separate  part;  all  completed 
parts  beiug"  reported  by  Opera- 
tions, and  credited  to  the  gang, 
instead   of  the  individual. 

After  a  thorough  test  of  the 
system,  the  gentleman  referred 
to  expresses  the  opinion  that  an 
establishment  conducted  on  the 
day-work  plan  cannot  compete 
with  one  on  piece-work,  and  that 
the  majority  of  failures  in  indus- 
trial lines  throughout  the  country 
may  be  attributed  to  the  day- 
work  system.  We  give  the  state- 
ments made  in  the  foregoing  be- 
cause any  plan  by  which  it  is 
claimed  that  .the.  relations  be- 
tween labor  and  capital  can  be 
made  more  harmonious,  should 
receive  attention.  —  American 
Manufacturer. 


Bri 


you   never   came    from    the    Cassiar.     Here, 
take  this  man  below. — Alaska  Mining  Record. 


Paul, 


It  is 
and  capable  j  chicinc 


of  sustaining  quite  a  cargo  of  tourists;  as  the'pieture 
shows. 

The  work  of  weighing  the  mails  in  order  to  settle 
upon  the  amounts  to  be  paid  to  railway  companies 
for  their  transportation  is  finished  in  the  middle  sec- 
tion. The  weighing  began  on  April  1  and  terminated 
on  the  30th.  For  the  purpose  of  these  weighings 
the  whole  country  is  divided  into  four  districts,  cor- 
responding nearly  to  the  east,  south,  middle  and 
western  sections  of  the  country.  The  mails  of  but 
one  section  are  weighed  each  year,  and  the  results 
obtained  are  used  as  a  basis  for  computation  for 
four  years,  until  the  turn  of  the  section  comes 
around  again.  The  weighing  is  done  either  in  the 
spring  or  the  fall,  as  the  winter  mails  are  unduly 
heavy  and  in  summer  unduly  light.  When -the  work 
is  finished  contracts  are  made  with  the  roads:  The 
Government  pays  $42.75  per  annum  for  carrying  200 


AsfoxisiuNH  how  very 
stee]  ingots  and  rails, 


low  the  cost  <if  pro- 
,,  in  tin'  item  of  labor, 
!  has  now  fallen,  owing-  to  the  economies  effected  in 
the  manner  of  labor-saving  machinery  and  improved 
methods  of  working.  It  will  hardly  be  believed  that 
in  Great  Britain  the  labor  cost  of  producing  a  ton  of 
steel  ingots,  whether  a.t  Bessemer  converters  or 
open-hearth  furnaces,  does  not  exceed  4s-.  per  ton, 
and  in  the  best  practice  is  probably  not  much  o.v.er 
3s.  The  chief  items  are  pig,  steel,  scrap,-  coal  and 
ferro-manganese — the  total  cost  varying  from  £3  6s. 
to  £3  10s.  per  ton.  In  the  United  States,  although 
wages  are  nominally  higher,  the  cost  is  hot  greatly 
different. — Loudon  Iron  and  Coal  Trades  Review. 

The  waters  of  North  America,  which  means  the 
Gulf  of  Mexico,  the  two  great  oceans  and  the  rivers, 
creeks  and  lakes,  are  stocked  with-  1800-  different 
varieties  of  fi-s.h.  Of  the  above  number  500  are 
peculiar. to  the  Pacific  and  about  600  -  to  the  rivers, 
creeks  and  lakes. 


iness  never  was  in  a  c'ondi- 

i  lion  to  suit  even  body.     Legislation    can!t  help  the 

I  man    who    won't   work,    or   the   man  who  prefers  to 

!  growl  at  every  one  else  rather  than  make  an  honest, 

1  industrious  effort  himself.     Legislation  cannot  pre- 

|  vent   the  daily  demand    for  bread  and   butter,    and 

the   first  duty-  of  -every  man  is  to  earn  that.     The 

times   always   improve   when   all   hands  go  to  work 

with  n  will,  drop   grumbling,  hunting  for  the  bright 

tilings   of  life  rather   than  its  unpleasant  features. 


To  test  leather  BET/TING,  says  an  exchange,  cut 
out  a  small  piece  of  the  belt  and  place  if  in  vinegar. 
If  the  leather  has  been  perfectly  tanned  and  is  there- 
fore of  good  quality,  it  will  remain  immersed  in  vin- 
egar even  for  Several  months  without  any  other 
change  than  becoming  a  little  darker  in  color.  If  it 
is  not  well  impregnated  with  tanning,  the  fibers  will 
promptly  swell  and  after  a  short  time  be  converted 
into  a  gelatinous  mass. 


•  Small  leaks  are  not  thought  to  amount  to  much, 
but  an  English  engineer  shows  that  a  hole  fj-itlch  in 
diameter  with  a  water  pressure  of  only  45  pounds 
will  get  away  with  648  gallons  per  day. 


May  11    18DS 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


2fj3 


South   African   (jold   Mines. 


Johannesburg,  South  Africa,  has  about   the  sa 

altitude  a-  Eureka,  Nevada  5600  feet.  Tin-  Wit- 
waters  rand  I  reef  and  the  coal  deposits  adjacent 
thereto  make  the  place  famous.  Probably  in  do 
other  mining  camp  in  the  world  will  so  many  mills, 
hoisting  works,  chlorination  works  and  cyanide 
works  I"-  seen  in  such  rapid  succession  and  fi 
lqng  a  distance  as  upon  the  "Randt."  Wain-  for 
the  works  is  obtained  from  springs,  the  mines  and 
every  available  source,  and  is  pumped  into  reservoirs 
and  used  over  and  over  again  until  ii  is  white  with 
slime 

The  W'i t watfi-ian.it   gold-bearing   reef  seem 
have  been  a  basin  formed   by   aqueous  deposit   and 
running  in  an   easterly  and   westerly  direction,  ce 
men  ted  together  and  forming  a  conglomerate  mass, 
locally  termed  "  banket . 

By  some  disturbance  of  nature,  it  was  uplifted  al 
an  angle  of  about  35  .  thus  forming  tin'  present  i 
tinuous  lode  or  reef,    broken   by  intrusive  dykes  of 
diorite  or  greenstone,      Then  there  seems   to  have 

I u  a  solfataric  action  from  below   which    formed  a 

vent  in  the  pdrpus  conglomerate,  therein  depositing 

sulphurcts  or  sulphides  of    iron   containing  gold.      In 

time,  atmospheric  action  desulphurized  and  oxidized 
tlie  iron,  leaving  some  of  the  gold  free,    while  some, 

no  doubt,  owes  its    free    slate    In    the    precipitating 
action  of  iron.     The  country  rocks  of  the  Randt  are 


is 

the 


dip  of  the  reef  outside  of  his  boundary  line's.  Th 
state  of  affairs  gave  rise  to  what  is  known  as  tl. 
deep  level  claims,  hence  the  whole  country  is  n 
off  as  deep  levels.  Shafts  are  being  sunk  at  some  "of 
these  that  will  tap  the  reef  at  a  depth,  but  it  remains 
to  be  proven  whether  these  deep  level  mines,  as  they 
are  called,  will  be  paying  ventures. 

A  great  problem  arises  in  mining  this  reef,  and 
that  is  the  disposition  of  the  tailings,  there  being  no 
si  reams  or  other  outlets  for  the  immense  amount  ol 
ore  crushed.  The  tailings  accumulate  in  immense 
piles  of  line  sand  and  slime,  which,  upon  being  dried, 
are  taken  up  by  the  wind  and  blown  in  every  direc 
t ion.  These  tailings  having  passed  through  the 
cyanide  solution  are  thoroughly  impregnated  with 
the  deadly  poison;  and.  when  blown  about,  must  ocr- 

taiolj  cause  much  cyanide  poisoning  bv  ilm  inhala- 
tion of  the  fine  dried  particles  held  in  suspension. 

As  an  American  would  put  it,  the  Boers  seem  to 
delight  in  getting  a  "lead  pipe  cinch"  on  the  En- 
glish, and  hence  have  proceeded  to  tax  everything 
from  a  mining  claim  to  a  needle.  There  is  little 
which  has  escaped  taxation,  and  this  has  been  car- 
ried to  such  an  outrageous  extent  that  a  most  bitter 
Feeling  prevails  among  the  people,  whose  capital, 
energy  and  enterprise  have  given  prosperity  to  the 
Transvaal  and  elevated  a  little  bankrupt  republic  to 
the  dignity  of  a  nation,  having  a  surplus  of 
El, 000,00,0  in  the  treasury. 

British  residents  have  been,  by  a  recent  law,  pre- 


is  to  catch  up  the  eyelid  by  the  skin  and  pull  it  away 

from  the  eye  ball  gently  and  repeatedly.  This  not 
only  instantly  relieves  the    pain,    but    promotes    the 

shifting  of  the  cinder. in  the  right  direction.  In  al- 
most every  ease  this  will  be  found  a  spee.lv  and  pain- 
less  remedy. 

Pelton   Wheel   Driving  Air  Compressor. 

The     accompanying     illustration     shows     a      Hand 

duplex  air  compressor  driven  by  a  Pelton  wheel 
mounted  directly  on  the  crank  shaft  of  compressor. 

The  wheel  in  the  cut  shown  is  1  f  led  in  diameter 
and  works  under  a  water  head  of  4(111  feet,  this  large 
diameter  being  required  to  give  proper  speed  to  the 
compressor. 

The  wheel,  as  will  be  observed,  not  only  furnishes 
I  he  motor  power  but  is  sufficiently  heavy'lo  serve  as 
a  balance  wheel. 

The  advantages  of  attaching  the  wheels  to  the 
compressor  shafts  are:  great  economy  of  power,  as 
well  as  in  first  cost,  as  also  lessened  cost  of  freight— 
a  matter  of  first  importance  in  machinery  destined 
to  places  remote  and  difficult  of  access.'  The  ad- 
vantages so  simple  and  efficient  a  connection  afford 
are  also  manifest  in  the  lessened  cost  of  setting  up 
the  machinery,  as  well  as  in  the  absence  of  belt  con- 
nections, the  maintenance  of  which,  with  loss  of 
power  involved,  are  matters  of  the  greatest  import- 
ance in  many  mining  localities,    where   every   pound 


PELTON     WHKIiL     DRIVING     Alii     COMPUISSSOR. 


chiefly  sandstone  cherts,  shales,  quartzite  and  gran- 
ite, the  conglomerate  reef  spoken  of  lying  between 
these  formations  and  averaging  several  feet  in  thick- 
ness. The  Randt  is  a  great  low-grade  proposition 
and  is  handled  as  such,  and  in  the  opinion  of  many  is 
not  worked  so  much  for  the  actual  profit  in  it  as  for 
the  stock  jobbing  operations  it  affords. 

But  few  of  the  mines  are  paying  handsomely; 
others  are  paying  not  more  than  six  or  seven  per 
cent  upon  their  very  large  capital,  while  others  are 
not  paying  at  all.  and,  as  an  old  miner  remarks: 
"These  companies  have  a  way  of  making  dividends 
appear  all  right  on  paper,  but  at  the.  same  time  they 
are  in  debt  to  the  bank  and  borrowing  more  money 
to  go  on  with." 

It  is  thought  that  the  cyanide  process,  which  ex- 
tracts the  gold  from  the  tailings,  is  the  salvation  of 
the  Randt,  and  that  what  dividends  were  paid  come 
from  this  source.  The  Johauuesburgers  seem  to 
think  the  mines  will  last  forever,  but,  in  the  opinion 
of  well-informed  people,  fifteen  years  will  be  a  long 
life  for  these  properties,  worked  as  they  are  with 
the  enormous  force  in  actual  operation,  and  then 
Johannesburg — the  city  of  whirlwinds  and  dust 
storms — will  meet  the  fate  of  many  another  mining 
camp,  and  houses,  lots  and  machinery  will  be  for  sale 
cheap  as  dirt  unless  some  unforeseen  discovery  should 
take  place,  which  is  hardly  probable,  as  the  country 
has  been  well  prospected  and  taken  up. 

The  mining  laws  of  the  country  are  stringent  and 
peculiar,  only  150  feet  along  the  croppitigs  by  400 
feet  in  width  being  allowed;  and  as  the  reef  dips  at 
an  angle  of  35°,  the  holder  of  a  claim  would  soon  work 
out  his  mine,  he  not  being  permitted   to  follow   the 


vented  from  obtaining  the  franchise  and  so  excluded 
from  all  hope  of  getting  redress  by  constitutional 
means.  A  monstrous  law  has  been  passed  denying 
foreign  residents  the  right  of  public  meeting  in  the 
open  air,  and  limiting  indoor  meetings  to  live  per- 
j  sons.  Such  an  attempt  to  stifle  free  speech  and  to 
J  prevent  the  public  from  the  ventilation  of  grievances 
is  despotism. 

There  are  1-1200  stamps  in  operation — about  as 
many  as  in  all  California;  their  daily  crushing  is  said 
to  average  four  tons  to  the  stamp—a  bigger  average 
than  in  our  State.  About  seventy  mines  are  in 
operation.  It  is  expected  to  add  1000  stamps  this 
year.  A  little  over  2,000,000  ounces  was  produced 
in  '114— the  gold  being  worth  £3  10s  per  ounce. 


Removing  Cinders. 


A  hint  on  the  removal  of  cinders  and  grits  from 
the  eye  may  not  be  amiss.  The  inner  surface  of  the 
eyelids  is  ridged  in  such  a  way  as  to  promote  the 
moving  of  small  particles  towards  the  inner  corner  of 
the  eyes,  where  the  duct  opens  which  leads  to  the 
nose.  This  is  the  particular  fact  on  which  this  ad- 
I  vice  is  based,  aud  which  also  shows  the  extreme  folly 
of  the  method  usually  adopted  to  extract  cinders 
from  the  eye.  This  method-is  to  double  up  the  fore- 
finger and  rub  it  into  the  afflicted  eye  until  it  as  red 
as  a  beet-root  and  suffused  with  tears.  Some  horri- 
ble contortions  of  the  countenance  are  thrown  in,  as 
if  to  assist.  Now,  the  only  effect  that  such  a  course 
can  have  is  to  grind  the  cinder  into  the  corrugations 
of  the  eyelid  and  keep  it  there  for  a  week  until  the 
inflammation  subsides.     The  proper  way  to  do  this  : 


of  water  must  be  made  to  do  its  utmost  duty. 
This  application  of  the  Pelton  wheel  is  made  with 
equal  facility  to  all  forms  of  compressors,  as  well  as 
blowers  and  many  other  classes  of  machinery,  and  in 
all  eases  where  the  head  admits,  the  wheel  can  be 
made  heavy  enough  to  serve  as  a  fly  wheel,  thus 
simplifying  and  cheapening  still  more  this  manner  of 
applying  power.  Wheels  in  such  cases  may  be  made 
of  any  size,  ranging  from  6  up  to  12  or  Hi  feet  in 
diameter,  as  may  be  necessary  to  give  proper  speed 
to  the  machinery  they  are  designed  to  run,  suiting 
the  buckets  and  nozzle  delivery  to  conditions  as  to 
head  and  power  requirement. 

The  conning  tower  of  a  modern  iron-clad  warship 
is  only  a  bombproof  pilot-house  whence  the  ship  may 
be  steered  in  time  of  action,  and  is  not  primarily  a 
safe  post  where  there  may  be  kept  an  outlook  upon 
the  enemy.  Conning  is  a  very  old  word  for  directing 
the  act  of  steering  a  ship.  It  comes  from  the  ancient 
word  "eon,"  to  know,  to  watch,  and  the  conning 
tower  really  comes  pretty  close  to  a  cunning  tower, 
though  there  may  be  a  certain  touch  of  the  whimsical 
in  the  idea. 

The  unequal  thickness  of  an  envelope,  caused  by 
the  overlapped  edges,  pasted  or  unpasted,  some- 
times affects  the  beauty  and  distinctness  of  addresses 
printed  with  a  typewriter.  Au  envelope  has  there- 
fore been  devised,  cut  from  a  piece  of  paper  of  such 
shape  that  the  folds  will  not  come  under  the  address. 

A  steel  cable  one.  and  one-half  inches  in  diameter, 
traveling  twelve  miles  an  hour,  can  transmit  nearly 
2000-horse  power, 


294 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  11,  1895. 


Pohle  Air   Lift   Pump. 


Illustration  is  given  on  this  page  to  the  Pohle  air 
lilt  pump,  for  pumping  water. by  compressed  air, 
made  by  the  Iugersoll-Sergeant  Drill  Co. 

The  working  principle  of  this  pump  is  thus  ex- 
plained by  the  manufacturers: 

"In  pumping,  compressed  air  is  forced  through 
the  air  pump  into  the  enlarged  end  at  the  bottom  of 
the  water  pipe,  thence 
by  the  inherent  expan-  f=5 
sive  force  of  the  com-  5g 
pressed  air,  layers  or 
pistons  of  air  are  form- 
ed in  the  water  pipe, 
which  lift  and  discharge 
the  water  layers 
through  the  upper  end 
of  the  water  discharge 
pipe.  At  the  begin- 
ning of  the  operation, 
the  water  surface  out- 
side of  the  pipe  and  the 
water  surface  inside  of 
the  pipe  are  at  the 
same  level,  hence  the 
vertical  pressures  per 
square  inch  are  equal 
at  the  submerged  end 
of  the  pipe,  outside 
and  inside.  As  air  is 
forced  into  the  lower 
end  of  the  water  pipe 
it  forms  alternate  lay- 
ers with  the  water,  so 
that  the  pressure  per 
square  inch  of  the  col- 
umn thus  made  up  of 
air  and  water,  as  it 
rises  inside  of  the  wa- 
ter pipe,  is  less  than 
the  pressure  of  water 
per  square  inch  outside 
of  the  pipe.  Owing  to 
this  difference  of  press- 
ure, the  water  flows 
continually  from  the 
outside  to  within  the 
water  pipe  by  gravity 
force,  and  its  ascent 
through  the  pipe  is  free 
from  shock,  jar,  or 
noise  of  any  kind. 

"These  air  sections, 
or  strata  of  compressed 
air,  form  water-tight 
bodies,  which,  in  their 
ascent  in  the  act  of 
pumping,  permit  no 
'  slipping  '  or  back  flow 
of  water.  As  each  air 
stratum  progresses  up- 
wards to  the  spout,  it 
expands  on  its  way  in 
proportion  as  the  over- 
lying weight  of  water 
is  diminished  by  its  dis- 
charge, so  that  the  air 
section,  which  may  have 
been,  say,  50  lbs.  per 
square  inch  at  first, 
will  be  only  1.74  lbs. 
when  it  underlies  a  wa- 
ter layer  of  four  feet 
in  length  at  the  spout, 
until  finally  this  air 
section,  when  it  lifts  up 
and  throws  out  this 
four  feet  of  water,  is  of 
the  same  tension  as  the 
normal    atmosphere; 


overcoming  the  resistance  of  entry  into  the  pipe,  and 
all  the  friction  within  it." 

Parke  &  Lacy  Co.,  21  and  23  Fremont  St.,  San 
Francisco,  are  the  coast  agents. 

The  Mines  of  Nevada. 


THE    POHLE    AIR    LIFT    PUMP. 


thus  proving  that  the  whole  of  its  energy  was  used 
in  work,  and  that  this  pump  is  a  perfect  expansion 
engine. 

"As  the  weight  of  the  water  outside  of  the  dis- 
charge pipe  (the  head)  is  one-third  greater  per 
square  inch  than  the  aggregate  water  sections  within 
tlm  pipe  when  in  operation,  it  follows  that  the  energy 
due    to    this  one-Lhird  greater  weight  is   utilised  in 


Written  by  Dan  De  Qpille. 
The  mining  industry  of  Nevada  is  now  narrowed 
down  to  the  working  of  gold  properties — gold-bear- 
ing quartz  veins  and  the  few  placers  found  here  and 
there  in  this  State.  No  mines  are  now  being- 
worked  for  silver  alone.  It  will  not  pay  to  mine  sil- 
ver at  present  anywhere  in  this  State  at  its  price  as 
a  commodity;  indeed,  it  is  only  in  exceptional  in- 
stances that  it  will  pay  in  any  place  in  the  United 
States  or  any  other  country  in  the  world.  Here  and 
there  bonanzas  are  found  that  are  so  rich  that  for  a 
time  silver  can  be  so  cheaply  mined  that  profit  can 
be  made  at  60  cents  an  ounce;  but  count  all  the  work 
done  on  the  veins  of  the  district,  county  or  State, 
and  it  will  be  found  that  every  ounce  of  silver  ob- 
tained has  cost  from  $1.30  to  $1.50.  It  is  the  same 
in  gold  mining.  "When  a  man  is  so  fortunate  as  to 
hit  upon  a  big  deposit  of  rich  ore  near  the  surface  he 
is  often  able  to  take  out  gold  at  a  cost  of  from  three 
to  five  dollars  an  ounce,  or  even  less.  But  these  rich 
pockets  in  gold  veins  and  the  bonanzas  in  silver  veins 
are  few  and  far  between.  They  are  the  great  prizes 
that  all  who  engage  in  mining  hope  to  secure,  but 
where  one  man  wins  thousands  lose,  and  other  thou- 
sands merely  obtain  a  sufficient  amount  of  the  pre- 
cious metals  to  keep  them  alive  and  digging. 

As  a  small  amount  of  gold  is  now  worth  more  than 
a  large  amount  of  silver,  those  of  our  people  still  en- 
gaged in  mining  look  wholly  to  the  yellow  metal  for 
their  reward.  All  gold-bearing  veins,  both  great 
and  small,  are  being  examined  and  prospected,  and 
the  placers  are  being  raked  over  and  worked  in  the 
best  manner  possible,  most  of  them  being  in  regions 
that  are  almost  or  quite  waterless. 

The  most  promising  gold  quartz  camp  in  this  part 
of  the  State  at  present  is  Silver  Star  district,  situa- 
ted in  Esmeralda  county.  Colonel  Ed  Bozle,  who 
has  just  returned  from  an  examination  of  the  mines 
of  that  place,  is  greatly  pleased  with  what  he  there 
saw.  He  tells  me  it  is  a  region  that  is  full  of  veins 
of  gold-bearing  quartz,  and  on  these  he  found  about 
twenty  mines  that  will  pay.  The  veins  are  from  four 
to  twelve  feet  in  width,  and  pay  from  $20  to  $50  a 
ton.  The  veins  are  found  to  increase  in  width  and 
richness  as  depth  is  attained.  Although  milling 
facilities  are  inadequate  large  amounts  of  gold  are 
being  taken  out  and  in  some  of  the  mines  first  opened 
there  is  in  sight  ore  to  the  value  of  several  hundred 
thousand  dollars.  The  mines  are  equal  to  the  best 
that  have  been  found  in  the  eastern  part,  of  the 
State,  along  the  Utah  west  line. 

Silver  Peak,  to  the  eastward  of  Silver  Star,  bids 
fair  to  become  a  rich  gold  camp.  A  new  thirty- 
stamp  mill  is  being  erected  at  the  peak.  W.  J. 
Salkeld,  the  well-known  millwright,  has  charge  of 
the  work.  The  State  Line  mill  of  forty  stamps  is 
also  to  be  started  up,  which  will  give  the  Peak  mines 
a  total  of  seventy  stamps.  The  mines  are  being  put 
in  order  for  Superintendent  L.  J.  Hanchett,  a  man 
who  has  had  a  vast  deal  of  experience  in  Pacific 
Coast  mines. 

At  and  about  Hawthorne  the  gold  veins  are  yield- 
ing as  usual.  The  arrastras  near  Hawthorne,  which 
do  custom  work,  are  kept  in  constant  operation. 
They  work  the  ore  of  the  men  owning  small  mines. 
Much  of  this  ore  yields  $50  to  $100  a  ton.  It  is  a 
good  poor  man's  camp,  as  rich  ore  is  found  at  or 
near  the  surface.  The  Lapanta,  the  oldest  mine  in 
the  district,  is  looking  better  than  before  in  some 
years.  The  vein  has  widened  to  four  feet  and  aver- 
ages $20  a  ton. 

At  Pine  Nut  both  gold  placers  and  veins  are  be- 
ing worked.  Parties  who  have  been  allowed  to  in- 
spect the  Zirn-Schultz  mine  report  a  "  perfect  bo- 
nanza of  large  propor- 
tions, with  many  ounces 
of  pure  gold  in  sight." 
Other  veins  in  the  same 
range  are  rich  in  gold. 
At  most  points  there 
is  a  lack  of  water  for 
working  the  placers. 
Gravel  is  being  hauled 
to  Anderson  creek  for 
washing.  It  pays  $5 
to  the  two-horse  wagon 
load.  Several  men  are 
at  this  work,  and  are 
able  to  make  good 
wages.  Three  men  and 
a  team  take  out  an  av- 
erage of  $100  in  four 
days.  The  leading 
mines  of  the  Comstock 
In  Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia  they 
the  1750  level  that  assays 
Average  from  the  whole 
Crown  Point  is  yielding 
ore  a  week.     The 


are  holding  out  well. 

have   a  new  streak  on 

from  $33  to  $75  a   ton. 

mine  is  $51.78  a  ton.      The 

over  700   tons  of   ten-dollar  gold 

Chollar   ore   is   paying  $24.48   a   ton;  Seg.  Belcher, 

$26.90;   Belcher,  $27.19;  Silver  Hill,  $50.  and  Hale  & 

Norcross.  $72.90. 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 


— Nearly  800  men  are  now  employed  at  the  Mare  Island 
navy  yard. 

— Petaluma  will  this  season  increase  its  shipment  of  basalt 
paving  blocks. 

— The  Union  Gas  Engine  Co.  will  put  a  gas  engine  in  Chas. 
L.  Pair's  new  yacht. 

— An  iron  foundry  has  been  established  at  Flagstaff,  Arizona. 
The  first  heat  was  run  off  last  week. 

—The  Los  Angeles  fiesta  was  not  a  fiasco.  It  cost  $35,000, 
and  the  net  profit  was  over  $200,000. 

— The  Valley  Road  directors  have  justly  rejected  the  China 
basin  lease  as  proffered  by  the  Harbor  Commissioners — too  re- 
strictive. 

—According  to  the  Virginia,  Nevada,  Enterprise,  at  the 
Bailey  sale  in  Churchill  county  last  week,  100  head  of  horses 
went  for  thirteen  cents  apiece. 

— Messrs.  Coons  and  Nelson  have  acquired  the  rights  of  the 
Wheeler  Electric  Line  Co.,  and  propose  building  a  road  be- 
tween Aberdeen  and  Hoquiam,  Wash. 

— Grant  Brothers,  who  have  taken  the  contract  to  build  the 
Southern  Pacific's  new  branch  line  into  Pasadena,  have  begun 
the  work  and  will  push  it  through  to  early  completion. 

— The  Northern  Pacific  will  resume  the  work  of  arching  the 
Stampede  tunnel  in  the  Cascades  with  brick  this  summer.  A 
contract  for  2,200,000  brick  has  been  awarded  to  the  Union 
Brick  Works  of  Tacoma. 

— Referring  to  the  cheapness  of  cedar  shingles,  the  Portland 
Oregonian  says :  "Sawn  cedar  shingles,  the  best  in  the  mar- 
ket, are  now  to  be  purchased  at  $1.10  per  thousand.  A  few 
years  ago  they  sold  for  $2.75." 

—President  Wilson  Hamilton  of  the  Flagstaff,  Durango  & 
San  Diego  Railroad  says  his  company  has  the  necessary  roll- 
ing stock  and  rails  to  commence  work  as  soon  as  the  survey  is 
completed  to  Flagstaff,  Arizona. 

— Ten  of  the  new  cars  for  the  Pasadena  and  Los  Angeles 
electric  railway  have  arrived  there.  Some  of  these  cars  are 
lettered  "  Los  Angeles  and  Santa  Monica,"  which  indicates 
the  ultimate  use  to  which  they  are  to  be  put. 

— English  parties  have  bought  and  will  consolidate  the 
entire  electric  street  railway  system  of  Portland,  Or.,  with  a 
total  mileage  of  128  miles.  The  purchase  price  is  nearly 
$3,000,000.    The  original  cost  was  about  $2,750,000. 

—The  Union  Iron  Works  is  building  a  new  style  concen- 
trator— the  Union.  They  are  finishing  the  new  hoisting 
plant  for  the  Brunswick  mine,  Nevada  City,  which  will  have 
a  capacity  to  work  the  mine  to  a  depth  of  3000  feet. 

—The  Fulton  Engineering  and  Shipbuilding  Works  is  build- 
ing a  duplex  tandem  compound  compressor,  220  H.  P.,  driven 
by  a  Pelton  water  wheel,  19  feet  diameter,  750-foot  head,  for 
the  North  Star  Mining  Co.,  Nevada  City,  and  a  compressor 
for  the  Golden  Cross,  San  Diego  Co.,  100  H.  P.,  with  Corliss 
engine,  surface  condenser. 

—The  Washburn-Moen  Manufacturing  Co.  of  Worcester, 
Mass.,  through  their  coast  agent,  Frank  L.  Brown,  No.  8 
Pine  street,  have  concluded  arrangements  for  the  absorption 
of  the  California  Wire  Works.  The  transfer  includes  the 
wire  rope  and  cable  plant  of  the  latter  company — the  manu- 
facturing part  of  their  business. 

-Mr.  Felts  is  getting  some  very  good  notices  of  his  electric 
primary  battery  in  the  Sacramento  papers.  The  Record-UntUn 
wants  to  know,  in  a  leading  editorial  devoted  to  Mr.  Felts, 
why  it  is  not  possible  that  a  California  man  has  discovered 
what  all  electricians  so  long  have  sought,  and  mourned  be- 
cause they  found  it  not.  The  mantle  of  Prof.  Emme  seems  to 
have  fallen  on  Felts. 

— The  Nevada  County  Electric  Power  Company's  scheme 
is  practicable  and  the  directors  are  fast  getting  the  projeot 
into  tangible  shape.  The  idea,  as  heretofore  explained  at 
length,  is  to  supply  power  to  the  mines  in  Grass  Valley  and 
Nevada  City  districts,  it  being  calculated  that  electric  power 
can  be  furnished  with  the  waters  of  the  South  Yuba  at  an 
annual  rate  of  $75  per  H.  P. 

— The  recent  high  prices  of  petroleum  have  stimulated  Los 
Angeles  and  Ventura  oil  prospectors,  and  tend  to  stimulate 
the  oil  trade  with  Peru,  inaugurated  by  Grace  &  Co.  They 
already  have  the  Bawnmore  running  regularly,  and  have 
given  the  Union  Iron  Works  a  contract  for  an  oilship,  to  be 
built  especially  for  the  South  American  coast  petroleum 
carrying  trade.      The  keel  was  laid  last  week. 

—The  electric  power  plant  now  being  put  in  by  the  South 
Yuba  Water  Co.  will  cost  $150,000.  A  pipe  line  from  Long 
Valley  to  Newcastle  will  generate  1000  H.  P.  A  pole  line  will 
be  run  to  Newcastle.  The  main  line  will  be  continued  to 
Rocklin  and  Sacramento.  If  the  venture  prove  successful, 
enough  more  power  can  be  generated  from  the  company's 
ditches  to  equal  2500-horse  power,  which  is  sufficient  to 
furnish  lights  for  Sacramento  and  intermediate  points. 

—The  Sacramento  Board  of  City  Trustees  finally  got  to- 
gether this  week  and  by  a  vote  of  seven  to  two  awarded  the 
contract  for  the  A  2  style  of  pump  for  the  Sacramento  city 
water  works  to  the  Edward  P.  Allis  Company  for  $12,700.  The 
bids  for  4000  feet  of  six-inch  water  pipe,  thirty-one  pounds  to 
the  foot,  were  as  follows :  Baker  &  Hamilton,  44  cents  per 
foot;  Holbrook,  Merrill  &  Stetson,  43.1  cents;  Sehaw,  Ingram 
&  Batcher,  43  cents.  The  contract  was  awarded  to  Schaw, 
Ingram  &  Batcher. 

—Reports  that  the  Stanford  University  would  be  closed  at 
the  end  of  the  present  term  because  of  lack  of  funds  to  pay 
current  expenses  are  unwarranted.  The  university  has  been 
forced  to  retrench  since  the  death  of  Senator  Stanford,  and 
the  Government  suit  has  tied  up  a  large  amount  of  property 
on  which  ready  money  could  be  realized,  but  Mrs.  Stanford's 
personal  attorney  says  that  she  will  never  permit  the  doors  to 
be  closed,  no  matter  what  sacrifice  she  may  be  called  upon  to 
make,  as  even  temporary  suspension  would  be  welloigh  fatal 
to  the  college.  The  Government  suit  for  $15,000,000  against 
the  Stanford  estate,  which  has  prevented  distribution,  comes 
up  shortly. 

—The  battleship  Oregon  is  at  the  Union  Iron  Works  to  at 
last  receive  the  long-delayed  armor  plates.  The  latest  test 
of  these  armor  plates  was  made  last  week,  an  eighteen-inch 
nickel  steel  Harveyized  Carnegie  plate,  representative  of  the 
second  lot  of  360  tons  of  side  armor  for  the  Oregon  being 
tested  with  the  most  satisfactorj  results.  The  plate  was 
first  fired  at  with  a  Holtzer  shell  from  a  tweh'e-inch  gun  at  a 
velocity  of  1405  feet  ppr  second.  This  shell  penetrated  about 
five  inches  and  was  shattered.  The  second,  or  penetration 
shot,  driven  by  a  larger  charge  of  powder  at  a  much  higher 
velocity,  penetrated  about  nine  inches,  but  the  manner  in 
which  tbis  plate  stood  the  test  was  regarded  bjf  the  ordnance 
officers  as  showing  it  to  be  the  best  yet  tried.  Tostill  further 
test  the  qualities  of  the  plate,  an  experimental  shot  from  a 
thirteen-inch  gun  was  ordered.  A  Carpenter  projectile 
weighing  1100  pounds  was  sent  at  a  velocity  of  1S10  feet  per 
second,  with  an  energy  of  24,981  tons.  This  gun  had  never 
before  been  used  in  such  tests.  Although  the  shot  developed 
a  crack,  the  plate  still  held  together,  all  the  backing  and 
structure  behind  being  crushed.  The  ability  of  the  plate  to 
keep  out  other  projectiles  was  6hown  by  the  fact  that  only  one 
armpr  bolt  in  the  backing  was  destroyed, 


May  11,  1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pres^. 


295 


Scientific   Progress. 


A   Difference  in  Custom. 


An  American  visiting  Europe  is 
likely  to  be  struck  with  the  difference 
between  the  different  European  coun- 
tries and  this  country  in  the  matter  of 
v  in  regard  to  the  shop  manipu- 
lations It  is  almost  impossible  to  gain 
entrance  to  the  large  shops  there,  un- 
our  efforts  are  seconded  by  some 
one  of  considerable  influence,  and  even 
then  you  are  rushed  through  without 
the  chance  for  examining  anything 
with  any  degree  of  closeness-  You 
have  all  the  time  the  feeling  that  you 
are  an  intruder,  and  that  you  are 
looked  upon  as  having  the  intention  to 
steal  something,  not  something  tangi- 
ble  Imi  -omething  in  the  way  of  items. 

While  at  the  Paris  exposition,  says  a 
writer  in  the  Vttxdetmianj  i  noticed 
some  work  in  plate  iron  in  whieh  I  was 
very  much  interested.  It  was  from  a 
large  English  works.  I  asked  the  man 
in  charge  of  the  exhibit  as  to  the 
probability  of  being  allowed  to  go 
through  tiie  works.  He  did  not  know, 
out  advised  thai  I  write  the  company. 
F  .lid  sir  and  received  a  reply  by  return 
mail  granting  permission.  1  had 
hardly  finished  reading  the  letter, 
which  was  addressed  to  the  hotel  at 
which  1  ira-  stopping,  when  a  telegram 
was  handed  me.  signed  by  a  higher 
official  of  the  company,  to  the  effect 
that  they  would  allow  no  one  to  go 
through  their  works.  Afterwards  I 
learned  of  another  American  engineer 
who  wrote  them  for  similar  permission 
and  received  the  reply  that  they  would 
not  let  him,  nor  even  the  President  of 
the  United  States,  see  their  processes 
of  manufacture. 

Soon  after  coming  back  to  this  coun- 
try a  young  graduate  of  the  technical 
school  asked  me  for  a  letter  of  intro- 
I' el  ion  to  one  of  the  largest  and,  best 
known  machine  manufacturing  estab- 
lishments in  the  country.  This  I  gave 
him  and  received  a  letter  from  the 
company  thanking  me  for  having  done 
so  and  saying  that  they  detailed  a  man 
who  had  been  with  them  for  many 
years  to  show  the  young  man  over  the 
works,  and  at  night  had  persuaded 
him  that  he  had  not  seen  all  then- 
processes  he  ought  to  see  and  had 
brought  him  to  conclude  to  remain 
over  and  spend  the  next  day  in  the 
shops.  The  contrast  coming  so  quickly 
magnified  the  difference. 

A  day  or  two  after  being  refused  ad- 
mission to  the  English  shops  I  met  a 
very  intelligent  man  and  incidentally 
learned  from  him  that  he  had  formerly 
been  in  the  employ  of  the  same  English 
firm.  From  him  I  learned  all  I  wanted 
to  know  about  the  process,  as  the 
whole  matter  on  my  part  was  one  of 
curiosity  only,  except  that  I  should 
have  asked  permission  to  say  some 
thing  in  print  about  the  works.  I 
have  no  doubt  that,  with  the  assistance 
of  this  man,  any  good  mechanical  en- 
gineer could  have  almost  literally 
duplicated  the  machinery  and  the 
operations  in  the  works. 

The  keeping  of  trade  secrets,  espe- 
cially those  of  machine  shops  and 
foundries,  is  almost  too  difficult  a  thing 
to  be  worth  trying  for;  I  believe  the 
American  practice  in  the  best  shops  is 
right.  In  these  shops  customers  can 
see  for  themselves  that  the  processes 
are  good,  and  future  customers  are 
made  for  the  same  reason.  Let  a  ma- 
chine manufacturer  guard  a  secret  as 
closely  as  he  may,  if  another  is  de- 
termined to  get  hold  of  it  he  will  do  so, 
unless  the  manufacturer  does  all  the 
work  himself. 


Auguste  Strindberg  asserts  in  .!«.- 
nales  Industrielles,  as  the  result  of  nu- 
merous experiments  made  by  him.  that 
sulphur  is  a  compound  of  carbon,  oxy- 
gen and  hydrogen,  in  proportions  as 
yet  undetermined.  He  goes  still 
further  than  this,  and  claims  that  it  is 
not  only  not  a  simple  body,  but  not 
even  an  original  one,  being  merely  a 
common  fossil  resin  or  bitumen.  He 
says  that  when  sulphur  is  melted  at 
about  120°,  it  disengages  an  odor  of 
turpentine  or  camphor;  and  if  a  trace 
(.if  iodine  be   added,    the   odor  becomes 


more  marked  If  it  be  heated  anew  to 
between  160°  and  230°,  it  loses  oxygen 
and  drops  to  the  level  of  a  caoutchouc, 
of  which  it  assumes  the  color  and  con- 
sistency. Theu,  if  the  brown  and  vis- 
cous liquid  thus  obtained  be  cooled,  it 
preserves  its  nature  for  a  certain  length 
of  time,  and  then  resumes  its  stale  ,,l 
resin. 

The  Gas  Engine    and    the    Steam 
Engine  Joined. 

Referring  to  the  discussion  of  the 
gas-engine  question,  a  prominent  en- 
gineer remarked,  in  conversation,  that 
he  failed  to  see  why  the  gas  engine  and 
the  steam  engine  should  not  be  com- 
pounded, so  to  speak.  He  put  the  case 
something  in  this  manner:  In  the  gas 
engine  one  of  the  problems  is  to  keep 
the  cylinder  reasonably  cool,  and  in  the 
steam  engine  to  keep  the  cylinder  hot. 
Now,  suppose  we  have  a  gas  engine 
running  and  jacket  its  cylinder  with 
water,  which  is  then  used  for  boiler- 
feed  water,  thus  saving  the  heat  which 
is  now  thrown  away.  Then  take  the 
exhaust  from  the  gas  engine  through 
the  jacket  of  the  steam  cylinder,  and, 
if  necessary,  as  it  probably  would  be, 
add  a  heating  chamber  for  the  steam 
to  pass  through  just  before  reaching 
the  cylinder,  so  that  more  heating  sur- 
face could  be  employed.  Two  such  en- 
gines adapted  to  each  other  would 
probably  mean  a  relatively  small  gas 
engine  and  a  steam  engine  large  enough 
to  carry  all  the  load  in  case  the  gas  en- 
gine refused  to  work  for  any  reason; 
and,  arranged  in  this  way,  each  would 
supplement  the  other  so  far  as  the 
proper  distribution  of  heat  is  con- 
cerned. The  proposition  is  a  novel 
one,  and  there  is  a  chance  to  do  some 
thinking  over  it.  Possibly  some  one 
may  be  so  situated  as  to  make  it  easy 
to  try  the  plan  and  let  us  know  the  re- 
sults.— American  Machinist. 


Mechanical   Progress. 


Does  Away  With  the  Dead  Center. 


Professor  Clarke, of  London,  proph- 
esies that  diamonds  of  marketable  size 
will  soon  be  manufactured.  M.  Mriissan, 
of  Paris,  has  manufactured  diamonds 
by  melting  wrought  iron  together  with 
carbon,  and  permitting  the  mixture  to 
cool  very  slowly.  Under  the  conditions 
the  carbon  became  crystallized.  Simul- 
taneously Mr.  Kroutschoff,  of  St. 
Petersburg,  got  diamond  crystals  by 
a  similar  process,  employing  silver 
instead  of  iron.  These  artificial  dia- 
monds are  scarcely  big  enough  to  be 
seen  by  the  naked  eye,  hut  tbey  repre- 
sent the  solution  of  the  problem  of 
crystallizing  carbon.  Dealing  with 
the  way  diamonds  are  formed  by  nature, 
Prof.  Clarke  gives  the  opinion  that 
eruptive  matter  from  deep  in  the  earth 
bursts  out  through  upper  layers  of 
shale,  the  latter  being  rich  in  carbon. 
Slow  cooling  follows,  and  the  carbon  is 
crystallized  as  in  the  experiments  of 
M.  Moissan  and  Mr.  Kroutschnff. 


Dividends  Wanted. 


Many  paying  properties  might  pay  more,  and 
others  just  paying  expenses  might  p:iy  dividends, 
if  properly  managed. 

If  in  need  of  a  thorough,  practical  manager,  of 
large  experience  and  well  recommended,  address, 

BOX  L,  Mining  and  Scientific  Prkss. 


ff^OR     SALE. 

One  20 -Stamp  Wet  Crushing  Silver  Mill, 

Boss  Process  of  Pan  Amalgamation,  850-pound 
Stamps,  complete  with  power,  Of)  miles  from 
Tucson,  Arizona  Ty.    Address 

E.   W.   BOWERS, 

Tucson.  A.  T. 

Carlisle  Gold  Mining  District. 

I  have  six  quartz  claims  on  two  parallel  leads, 
4500x1200,  for  sale  upon  reasonable  terms.  Large 
ledge;  ore  goes  $10  per  ton.  Will  sell  for  cash  or 
on  a-  milling  proposition.  Location,  Clifton,  Ari- 
zona, close  to  Carlisle  District.  Send  for  synop- 
tical report. 

J.     F".    CFtOSETT, 

628    Sa«THuieiito  St San  Francisco. 


WANTED— A  PARTNER 

For  the  manufacture  of  the 

Merralls  Hydraulic  Quartz  Mill, 

Simplest,  cheapest  and  best  Ore  Mill  ever  in- 
vented. Will  do  more  work  than  stamps.  Saves 
more  gold  with  less  power  Wear  and  tear  re- 
duced to  a  minimum.  Call  or  address  M.  A. 
MERRALLS,  Room  12.  Third  Floor,  Mills  Build- 
ing, San  Francisco,  Cal.  ' 


Aii  engine  without   •   dead   centers.' 
and  one  which  will  utilize  the  full 
and   power  of   the   steam   during    the 
whole  length  of  the  stroke   o£   thi     pis 
ton,   both   forward  and    back  war 
been   the   dream   of    the    inventor   for 
centuries,  and  that  a  Salt    Lake   man 
has  finally   accomplished  it   will   be  a 
signal  for  congratulation,  says  the  Salt 
Lake  TVioujh  of  April  29th. 

The  laurel  falls  at  the  feel  of  James 
Hayton,  a  modest  little  man  of  some  50 
years  or  more,  who  gave  an  exhibition 
of  his  machine  yesterday  afternoon  at. 
2  o'clock  in  McClure's  machine  shop,  on 
Green,  near  Pear  street,  where  the 
machine  was  in  operation,  and  invited 
all  to  enter.  The  first  and  only  ma- 
chine for  practical  operation  that  has 
been  built  was  there,  to  be  seen  in  full 
gear  and  rigging,  and  while  it  is  a 
diminutive  affair,  at  the  same  time  it 
exerts  a  two-horse  power  and  affords 
energy  enough  to  operate  the  ma- 
chinery of  the  McClure  machine  shop, 
whereas,  prior  to  its  advent,  an  ordi- 
nary engine  of  four-horse  power  was 
used. 

For  six  years  inventor  Hayton  has 
been  working  upon  the  principle,  and 
yesterday  when  the  steam  was  turned 
on  in  the  presence  of  the  visitors,  it 
was  with  the  consciousness  that  he  had 
mastered  the  problem  that  had  baffled 
so  many. 

Persons  familiar  with  steam  are 
aware  that  the  ordinary  standard  en- 
gine does  its  work  during  a  small  part 
of  the  stroke  of  the  piston — that  is, 
while  the  crank  is  at  the  highest  and 
lowest  points. of  the  circle  described  by 
it.  At  the  opposite  horizontal  points 
of  the  circle-,  are  the  dead  centers, 
when  the  steam  is  exercising  no  power 
and  doing  no. work.  The  crank,  as  the 
machinist  will  understand,  must  be 
carried  past  these  dead  centers  by  the 
fly  wheel,  and  this  is  just  what  the  in- 
vention whose  performances  were  wit- 
nessed by  a  large  number  of  mining 
men  and  machinists  yesterday  has  ac- 
complished,    c. 

It  successfully  does  away  with  the 
crank,  and  converts  the  reciprocal  mo- 


tion of  the  piston   into  a   circular  mo- 
tion   on    tln>    driving    shaft,    revol 
continuously  with  all    the    force   of   the 
crank  until  at  full  lever. 

The  engine,  while  exercising  but  two 

power,     with    thirty    pounds    of 

steam  pressure,  runs    the   lathes,  drill. 

planers  and  other   machines   contained 

establishment . 

inventor  claims  that    his   engine 

may  be  constructed  in  any  size,  fr 

one-horsepower  to  5000-horse  power, 
and  that  it  will  ultimately  set  aside  the 
old  standard  engine  now  in 

The  visitors  were  very  much  pli  a    id 
with  the  exhibition. 


Shafting  is  very  greatlj  handi 
capped  by  the  faulty  application  of  the 
pulleys  and  belts.  The  most  serious 
error  made  in  this  connection  is  that  of 
running  unreasonably  tight  belts.  It 
is  amazing  how  much  power  is  wasted 
in  this  way,  to  say  nothing  of  the 
trouble  of  broken  pulleys,  hot  boxes, 
etc.  The  enormous  and  absolutely  use 
less  pressure  thus  put  upon  the  pul- 
leys must  in  time  break  them,  besides 
wearing  out  the  system  of  shafting  and 
bearings.  If  manufacturers  realized 
what  these  ridiculously  tight  belts  cost 
them  in  a  year,  they  would  give  vent  to 
some  very  strong  and  expressive  lan- 
guage. It'has  been  calculated  by  sev- 
eral eminent  engineers  that  the  loss  of 
power,  from  friction  alone,  in  some  of 
the  best  equipped  mills  in  the  country, 
is  from  22.%  to  as  high  as  39%'.  It  is 
unreasonable  to  suppose  that  the  mini 
mum  friction  would  consume  this 
amount  of  power,  and  no  other  cause  is 
so  potent  in  increasing  friction  as  un- 
due tightness  of  belts,  which,  when 
they  number  by  hundreds  in  a  mill, 
easily  account  for  the  great  loss  of 
power  referred  to. 

Says  a  writer  on  mechanics;  A  man 
in  charge  of  a  small  boiler  has  had  a 
conflict  with  one  of  his  numerous 
bosses.  The  boiler  leaked  at  one  of  the 
fittings  and  the  fireman  saved  the 
water  and  would  use  it  over  again. 
The  boss  observed  this  and  ordered  him 
to  quit  it,  and  finally  went  to  the  owner 
and  complained,  saying  that  the  fire- 
man was  using  water  that  had  been 
through  the  boiler  and  "had  all  the 
steam  taken  out  of  it."  This  is  another 
idea  of  how  steam  is  obtained. 


The  Pclton  System  of  Power 

Represents  the  highest  development  yet  attained  in  water 
wheel  practice  and  affords  the  most  simple,  efficient  and 
economical  means  of  utilizing;  water  for  power  purposes. 

Six  Thousand  Wheels  Now  Running, 


Aggregating  over  400,000  horse  power.    Adaptation  made 
to  all  conditions  and  every  variety  of  service. 


Electric  Power  Transmission. 

PELT0N  WHEELS  are  the  recognized  standard  for  electrical 
work  and  are  running  a  majority  of  the  stations  of  this 
character  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 

Catalogues  furnished  upon  application.     Address 

THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO., 

121     flAIN    STREET.    SAN    FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


GEAR  CUTTING 

PL     SPECIALTY. 

Fine  Work  at  Bedrock  Rates. 

SPUR,  BEVEL,  and  WORM  GEARS  of  any 
pitch  or  size  up  to  SO  Inches. 

<<<<    TAPS  AND  REAMERS  OROUND.    )))) 

Experimental  Machinery  and  Repair  Work  ol  all  kimls. 

P.  T,  TAYLOR  &  CO., 


Mission  Streetj 


Sun  Francisco,  Cal, 


29  d 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  11,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 

The  Moniteur  Industriel  states  that 
Capt.  Exler,  of  the  Austrian  army,  has 
found  that  a  16  C.  P.  incandescent 
lamp  gives  off  a  maximum  temperature 
of  94°  C,  and  a  lamp  of  25  C.  P.  101°  C. 
Two  lamps  placed  in  a  wooden  recepta- 
cle yielded  a  temperature  of  215°  C, 
decomposing  explosives  such  as  gun- 
powder, ecrasite,  pyroxyline,  etc.,  but 
without  exploding  them.  The  recepta- 
cle having  been  filled  with  water,  the 
latter  became  in  a  state  of  ebullition 
at  the  end  of  fifteen  minutes.  In  case 
of  the  breakage  of  the  lamps,  the 
powder  and  pyroxyline  do  not  ignite, 
but  this  is  not  the  case  if  an  explosive 
gaseous  mixture  is  present.  The 
captain  points  out  that  too  many  pre- 
cautions cannot  be  taken,  notwith- 
standing the  use  of  electric  lamps, 
which,  while  reducing  the  danger  of  an 
explosion,  do  not  completely  remove 
that  danger.  From  the  experiments 
made,  it  is  held  that  the  solution  of  the 
problem  does  not  in  any  way  lie  in  the 
employment  of  a  double  bulb  with  an 
intermediate  closed  space  filled  with 
air  or  water.  The  heating  of  the 
water  would  be  avoided  by  the  use  of  a 
reservoir  having  double  communication 
with  the  external  envelope,  an  ar- 
rangement by  which  would  be  estab- 
lished a  continuous  current,  and  which 
would  allow  of  the  cooling  of  the  water. 
But  iu  order  that  the  latter  may  be 
sufficient,  the  volume  of  water  neces- 
sary would  render  the  arrangement 
heavy  and  cumbersome,  and  the 
method  is  consequently  not  practical. 
A  rational  solution  for  the  lighting  of 
places  where  gas  or  explosive  ma- 
terials are  present  seems  to  be,  accord- 
ing to  the  captain,  simply  in  arranging 
the  incandescent  lamp  in  a  glass  cylin- 
der closed  at  both  ends  by  means  of 
metallic  cloth;  the  current  of  air  would 
freshen  the  bulb,  and  the  slight  heat- 
ing of  the  air  passing  out  would  not  be 
detrimental.  Iu  case  of  the  breakage 
of  the  bulb,  the  combustion  of  the  fila- 
ment would  produce  at  most  only  a 
small  internal  explosion,  as  in  miners' 
lamps,  incapable  of  transmitting"  fire 
outside.     

The  electric  candle  is  in  great  re- 
quest in  England  for  the  lighting  and 
decoration  of  dining  and  other  tables. 
An  ingenious  device  for  lighting  the 
candles  is  provided  by  placing  small 
pads  under  the  table  cloth,  and  taking 
the  current  from  them  by  means  of  two 
pin  points  in  the  base  of  the  candle- 
stick. The  candles,  of  course,  are  ex- 
tinguished on  being  taken  from  the 
table,  and  are  relighted  when  they  are 
replaced  in  the  proper  position.  They 
are  so  arranged  that  the  bulb  and  the 
glass  imitation  of  a  wax  candle  can  be 
removed,  when  the  candlestick  can  be 
used  for  an  ordinary  candle.  When 
used  with  shades  of  colored  silk  the 
electric  candle  makes  one  of  the  pretti- 
est additions  to  a  dinner  table  that  it  is 
possible  to  imagine. 


The  trustees  of  the  Los  Angeles 
Consolidated  Electric  Railway  Com- 
pany, in  compliance  with  a  demand 
from  the  bondholders,  will  declare  all 
of  the  $3,000,000  issue  of  bonds  of  the 
company  now  due  and  payable,  but,  as 
the  company  will  not  be  able  to  pay 
them,  the  road  will  be  sold  by  auction 
to  the  highest  bidder  to  satisfy  the 
bondholders.  This  will  be  the  last  step 
prior  to  the  assumption  of  the  owner- 
ship of  the  road  by  the  Los  Angeles 
Railway  Company,  the  corporation 
formed  by  the  majority  of  the  bond- 
holders last  March  to  protect  their  in- 
terests and  secure  control  of  the  road. 


The  very  hard  steel  used  for  the  cyl- 
inder wheel  of  ordinary  watches  is  very 
apt  to  become  highly  magnetized  when 
brought  near  dynamos  running;  and 
this  magnetization,  combined  with  the 
earth's  magnetism,  always  causes  the 
watch  to  get  slow,  and  often  to  stop 
altogether.  In  order  to  annihilate  this 
magnetization,  a  natural  magnet  or  a 
powerful  electro-magnet  should  be 
placed  in  a  horizontal  position — on  a 
table,  for  instance — and  the  watch  held 
horizontally  about  half  a  yard  off  on  a 


level  with  the  magnet.  The  watch 
must  then  be  brought  slowly  nearer 
the  magnet,  while  being  turned  slowly, 
and,  at  the  same  time,  as  regularly  as 
possible,  between  the  fingers,  as  on  a 
vertical  axis.  When  the  poles  of  the 
magnets  are  reached,  the  turning  of 
the  watch  is  to  be  continued,  while  be- 
ing gradually  withdrawn  until  the 
starting  point  is  reached. 

A  new  material  for  conducting 
sound  has  been  utilized  by  a  Pittsburg 
firm,  which  advertises  a  telephone 
fitted  with  a  receiver  capable  of  trans- 
mitting speech  perfectly  with  the  oper- 
ator eight  or  ten  feet  away  from  the 
'phone.  The  diaphragm  is  made  of 
aluminum  and  is  exceedingly  sensitive. 
This  arrangement  will  enable  oper- 
ators to  use  the  instrument  without 
leaving  their  desks  and  will  be  a  stride 
in  advance  of  the  present  method. — 
Inventive  age. 


After  five  years'  work  A.  P.  Crell, 
of  Ionia,  Mich. ,  has  invented  an  elec- 
tric mail  car  which,  he  claims,  will 
make  the  journey  from  New  York  to 
Chicago  in  five  hours,  or  at  the  rate  of 
200  miles  an  hour.  The  car  is  made  of 
steel  and  weighs  forty  tons.  It  is  to 
run  over  an  elevated  track  of  steel 
throughout,  eighteen  feet  from  the 
ground  and  supported  by  a  cable.  It 
sounds  very  impracticable. 

A  Hollander  has  invented  a  process 
of  sterilizing  milk  by  subjecting  it  to 
the  passage  of  an  alternating  electric 
current.  All  micro-organisms  taken 
up  by  the  milk  from  the  air,  etc.,  are 
permanently  destroyed  by  the  electric 
current.  This  germ-killing  quality  of 
the  electric  current  does  not  hurt 
the  milk. 

J.  M.  Bleyer,  in  an  article  in  the 
Electrical  Review,  argues  that  the  true 
cause  of  death  by  electrification,  as 
carried  out  by  the  prescribed  laws  of 
the  State  of  New  York,  is  due  to 
"dynamic  apoplexy  " — another  case  of 
"heart  failure." 


The  first  electrically  driven  quartz 
battery  in  Australia  was  recently 
started  to  work  at  Hillgrove,  New 
South  Wales.  The  source  of  energy  is 
six  miles  away,  and  the  installation 
achieved  a  complete  success. 


Albert  Maltman, 

Practical  Metallurgist 

and  Engineer. 


Samuel  C.  Thompson, 
A.  B.  Yale  University. 
E.  M.  Columbia  Uni- 
versity. 


Maltman  &  Thompson, 

MINING  ENGINEERS  AND  METALLURGISTS, 

Owners  of  Nevada  County  Reduction  Works, 
Address:  Grass  Valley,  Wevada  County,  California. 

Inspect  and  report  upon  Mineral  Properties, 
Treat  Refractory  Gold  Ores  and  Concentrates  by 
Cnlorination.  Furnish  Plans  for  and  Superintend 
Erection  of  Cnlorination  Plants,  General  Analyses 
of  Ores. 

References: 

Timothy  Dwight,  President  Yale  University,  New 
Haven,  Conn. 

Henry  S.  Munroe,  Professor,  School  of  Mines,  Co- 
lumbia University,  New  York  City. 

Joseph  S.  Harris,  President  Phila.  &  "Reading  R.  R. 
Co.,  Trustee  Penn.  University,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Edward  M.  Preston,  President  Citizens"  Bank  of 
Nevada  City,  California. 


*  *  PLACER*  * 

Amalgamators, 


Dredgers, 

5  Shovels. 


Complete  "  Lancaster"  Gold  Amalgamating, 
Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer 
ground  at  a  small  cost  -with  minimum  supply  of 
water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

Outfits  include  "  Lancaster"  1895  Land  or  River 
Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction. 
Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required. 

Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 
machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

39CORTLANDT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. ! 

W.  N.  JEHU,    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogden.  ' 

\  628  Montgomery  Street,  San   Francisco.  ( 

Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block.  , 

1  Ore  Assays,  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


J  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  J 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 

^  Surveying:.  Architecture,  Drawing:  and  Assaying.  I 

723  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

OPEN  ALL  YEAR. 

A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN,  President, 
t  Assaying  of  Ores,  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  ( 
Assay,  $25;  Blowpipe  Assay,  $10.    Full  Course  { 
of  Assaying-,  $50.    Established  18M. 
&~~  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

|  Examination,  Surveys,  and  Reports  upon  j 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

Development  of  water  for  mining-  and  domes- 
,  tie    use,    irrigation,     and    the     production    of  ( 
(  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  kinds,  and  ( 

plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superin- 
'  tended.    Correspondence  solicited. 

Res 923  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


EDWARD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 

Tests  and  Estimates  for  the  improvement  of  ( 
t  Pumping,  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plants. 
j      Will  supervise  the  Construction,    Shipment  < 
>  or  Erection  of  Machinery.     Will  make  Draw- 
l  ings,  Estimates  or  Specifications. 
,      Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de- 
[  scrlptlon.    Twenty  year's  experience. 

23  Davis  St.,  Rooms  30  &  31.  S.  F-,  Cal. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist  and   Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 
Will  examine    Mines.  Ore    Bodies,    Mineral 
)  Belts  or  Zones,  and   make  written  Mlneralist 

>  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 

>  plication  for  services.    I  make  my  own  assays 
j  and  select  my  own  samples    when    exam' 

es.    Eighteen  years'  experience.    Analj 
of  water  and  soils. 


CHAS.  S.  HARKER,  E.  M.,         \ 

Attorney-at-Law  and  Mining  Engineer.    \ 

Makes  a  specialty  of  Mining  Law.  PatentB  ob-  > 
!  tained  on  mineral  and  agricultural  lands.  > 
[  Investments  and  reports  mafic  \ 

Pull  charge  taken  of  properly  for  absent  J 
'  owners.  \ 

Offices:  16  &  17  No.  26  Montgomery  St.,  - 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


ROOM  58,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 

\  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco.  ? 

Will  act  as  AGENT  for  tbe  investment  of  5 
J  CAPITAL  in   RELIABLE  Mining  Enterprises,  J 

also  will  give    attention  to  the  sale  of,  and  re- 
1  porting  on  RELIABLE   Mining  Properties,  or  \ 
'■  the  procuring  of    suitable  Machinery  for  In- 
terest in  Developed  Mines. 


!  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, : 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

'  Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES    WORKED     BY    ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

i  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS    BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 

-  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

-  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  t 

for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 
i  SPECIAL    ATTENTION    paid    to  examina- 
tions   of    mines;    plans    and   reports   fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


!  Everette's  Mining  Office. 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

;  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

'Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at  < 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and 
.  Exact  Value1'  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper, 
I  Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties 
'  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any 
,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources 
(  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
,  estly  given. 

Dr.  "Willis  E.  Everette, 

1141  R.  R.  Ave. 

Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

-      LIMITED. 


TRJ.DC   MARK. 


WARTHUR-FORREST  PNGOO 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,  -  -  -  £110,000  STERLING 
To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac- 
tory Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  unbeatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MaoARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States :  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney ;  John 
F.  Bell ;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  BASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  Hew  York. 

CYANIDE 

—OP— 

POTASSIUn, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


FMoneer  Screen  W/orksl 

JOHN  W.  Q  VI VK,  Prop. 

Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices! 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel,  Russia  Iron, 

American  Planish,  Zinc.  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

**» MIHIHG  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. V 

221  and  223  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specialty.  Round,  Blot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
Homogeneous  Steel.Cast  i 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
isbed  Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


GMBH 


Business     College, 


24  Post  Street, 

FOR    SEVENTY  -  FIVE 


San  Francisco. 
DOLLARS 


This  College  instructs  in  Shorthand.  Type- Writing 
Bookkeeping-,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  esiablished  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
instructor.  The  course  iB  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


HENDRIE& 
BOLTHOFf 
MFfJ.G0, 
DENVER 


F*OR     SALE. 

ONE    PUMPING     PLANT. 

One  Quadruple  Force  Pump;  twoCornishPumps; 
one  Corliss  Engine,  150-horse  power;  and  five  miles 
of  4-inen  Pipe  with  converse  lock  joint.    Address 


e.  w 


BOWERS, 

Tucson,  A.  T. 


Mav   11,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


2H7 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 

121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0.    280  Caxton  Blk.,  CHICAGO,  ILL 


Office  r>!  THE  r\.v\  BLAND  [BON  "n 

i'  mm  Co  and  Tin  Gauuy  ii«> 


AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM. 
BALL  PULVERIZER. 


n, ■ 


Thr  simplest,  oheapeai  and 
beel  machines  In  tue  amr- 
k^-t.  Pulverise  wet  or  dry 
to  nny  degree  "f  fineness, 
Make  little  or  no  sltmee  In 
or  iiiisi  in  dry  work. 
Four  sizes,  capacity  from  ~ 
'  lo  «o  tmiH  per  day. 

'  SEND     Foil     CATALOGUE 

CableAddreas,  American. 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal  J 

Awarded  by  World's 

Fair,  1893. 


Ctevela 

I.  \  Tl,  i:\ll.  \  : 


Co.. 

IV.' I 

Will A      \[{IH 


.1.  II 


./  iluchinet 


HAOTTFACTITBED  BY 

\A//V\.  M.  BIRCH  <fe  CO. 

Also  Mapoiaetnrera  of 

''ary    Stram    Pumps,   All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin- 
ery, Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 
Cages,  Hoists,  etc. 
119  Beale    St.,    San  Francisco. 


purchased  a  No.  i 
Breaker   and  a    No.  '-' 

American  Ball   Pulverizer   from  your 

company  ahum  one  year  ago,  The  latter 

pari  "i   April.  1898.  wo   started  up  for 

regular  work,   since    which   time   wr 

have  run  both  ol  Bald  machines  to  the 

full  extent  of  our  demands  ami  to  our 

entire  satisfaction.    Tin-  flrsl  700  tons  of 

hard  ii-.m  ore  that   we   pulverized   for 

painl    purposes   was    ground 

taking  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  wllh- 

oul  exiu-ntiing  one  dollar  fur  repairs  for 

cilh.-r    .. I'    Hi. 'Si-     iiKK-liincs.     i  if   il„-    ',W 

tons  siink'-ii  of.  about  200  tons  was  Laku 

Superior  Specular  iron  ore.  eomnlnlue 

b 70  percent   Iron;    a  very  difficult 

1  ore  to  pulverize.  Tha  remainder  was  a  red  CosBlllferoua  iron  on-. 
carrj  Ing  quite  a  per  cent  of  ellex.  which  cuts  out  buhr- stones  rapidly. 
\\v  find  that  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when  new  &  lu.  In  diameter, 
□ovi  caliper  -tT»  In.,  and  are  perfectly  round  and  smooth.  The  grinding 
track  shows  very  little  wear,  and  the  driving  track  shows  less;  lu 
faci  the  wear  is  almost  imperceptible.    These  two  machines  crush  and 

pulverize   more   than   one   ton  per  hour  with  LESS  than  12  H.  P.     We  do 

not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  compare  with  the  output  of  these  two  machines  in  quan- 
tity, uualit.v.  Hinall  amount  of  wear  and  tear,  and  like  power.  In  our  opinion,  you  cannot  recommend 
them  too  highly.    Very  truly  yours,  Cleveland  Iron  Oice  Paint  Co. 


Founded  by  Mat/tew  Carey,  liss, 

HENRY    CAREY     HAIKU     &    CO., 

Industrial    Pcblishkks,     Booksbllbbs     and 

Importers. 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  v.  s.  \. 

4»"Our  New  and   Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientific  Uooltrt.  B8  Pages.  8vo.,  and  our  other 

I  Catalogues  and  Circulars,  thewholeooverlngeverv 
branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  freeand 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 


THK  AM.  BALL  PULVERIZER. 
Morris  Patent. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The-    Eureka    Company, 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.      -      426  California  Street, 
san  francisco. 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 


Park  City,  Utah. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable    Address:    "RISDON'S"    San     Francisco. 

<^ss^riANUFACTURERS    OF^aaz^* 

Johnston^  BryajnJVWls, 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  Air  Compressors, 

MINmTmI^  and  MStTnG  PLANTS^ 

Union   Iron  Works, 


CORNER    FIRST    AND    MISSION    STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


-IVlflNUFflCTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  mills, 

TWanty  Chill  /Wills.  Rolls  and  Concentrating  Machinery,  Dodd  Slgmoldal  Water  Wheel, 

PUfflPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead   Furnaces,        /\11  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^az^^SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.-^sas^ 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE:     I4S    BRO«DW«Y. 


CABLE  ADDRESS: 


Attention    Miners  !  Mining   Pipe  ! 


W.  W.  MONTAGUE  &  CO. 

ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Riveted  iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining,  Mills  and  Power  Plants. 

IRON,  CUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED. 

309  to  317  Harket  Street,  San  Francisco. 
FRANCIS     SMITH     &     CO., 


STEEL  OR  IRON.— We  make  pipe  of  either,  but  recommend  STEEL,  it  being  superior  to  iron  in  many 
particulars  and  inferior  in  none. 
j  COATING.— We  use  great  care  in  COATING  our  pipe  with  a  HOT  solution  of  Double  Refined  Aspbaltum 
and  Maltha. 
COMPETITORS.— Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  on  the  Coast. 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO.,  Hardware  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL. 


-MANUFACTURERS  OF- 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


220  Market  St, 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


F=-OR     TTOYAv/IN     WATER     W/ORK.S. 


Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc.,  all  sizes. 

130  BEALE  STREET.  SAN   FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iron  out,  punched  and  formed,  for  making  pipe  on  ground  where  required.  All  kinds  of  Tools  sup 
plied  for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  reauired,  Are  prepared  for  coating  all  sizes  of  Pipes 
with  a  composition  of  Coal  Tar  and  Aspbaltum, 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  tbelr  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associates  and  agents  in  Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  h  ive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  borne  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  uf,  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Ciroulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEV  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents,  220  Market  St.,  S.F. 


298 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  11    1U95. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals* 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 

General  N^jtes. — Republican  ;  At  the  Zeila 
the  entire  works — mine,  mill,  ehlorination 
works— are  in  full  operation,  giving  employ- 
ment to  100  men. 

At  the  South  Eureka  a  contract  is  let  to 
run  1200  feet  of  drift  at  the  1000-foot  level,  at 
S3. is  per  foot. 

Miscellaneous. — F.  A.  Serine  and  R.  K. 
McCoy  have  been  operating  the  Anaconda 
quartz  mine  near  Pine  Grove  for  several 
months  past.  The  claim  appears  to  be  of  a 
pockety  nature.  A  small  crushing  was  made 
at  the  Levezzo  mill,  of  surface  rock,  hut  it 
failed  to  pay  expenses.  This  crushing  was 
made  merely  to  test  the  general  character  of 
the  quartz.  *  There  is  a  streak  of  red  clay  met 
with  in  the  claim  resembling  putty  in  its 
nature.  A  small  ball  of  this1  was  used  as  a 
candlestick.  A  few  days  ago  one  of  the  own- 
ers was  working  with  his  hands  and  felt  some- 
thing hard.  Taking  out  the  substance,  he 
found  it  to  be  a  nugget  of  gold  worth  between 
-54  and  $5. 

The  Mechanics  Mine.— The  Mechanics 
mine  will  soon  be  opened  under  the  foreman- 
ship  of  George  Taylor.  T.  D.  Valentine  of 
San  Francisco  has  a  bond  on  the  property  from 
Peter  Fagan,  the  owner.  It  is  located  near 
Sutter  Creek. 

South  Eureka.— The  South  Eureka  con- 
tractors are  running  the  main  drift  from  the 
L050  level  toward  the  rich  body  or  ore  which 
was  encountered  on  the  000  level,  a  distance 
of  S00  feet  southeasterly  from  the  main  in- 
cline. It  will  take  three  months  to  tap  the 
ledge. 

Butte. 

General  Notes.  —  Time*:  The  VVright- 
Durgan  mine  on  the  Dogtown  ridge  is  now 
running  by  the  drift  process  and  giving  em- 
ployment to  fifteen  men. 

The  old  Ed  Davis  drift  mine  on  Dry  creek  is 
in  operation  and  employs  eight  men. 

Light  &  Muniford  are  running  their  drift 
mine  on  Dry  creek  and  employ  four  men. 

Two  loads  of  sulphuretted  ore  were  sent 
down  last  week  from  the  Gold  Bank  mine  at 
Forbes  town  for  shipment  to  San  Francisco. 

The  Bellingsley  hydraulic  mine  on  Mountain 
House  creek  is  running  steadily  and  giving 
work  to  six  men. 

Berry  &  Co.'s  hydraulic  mine  on  Mountain 
House  creek  now  employs  eight  men  and  is 
paying  well. 

Grant's  mine  on  Bush  creek  employs  eight 
to  ten  men  and  pays  well. 

The  Spring  Valley  quartz  mine,  near  Oregon 
City,  will  resume  operations  in  a  short  time. 
A  San  Francisco  company  has  charge  of  it. 
Will  Wilson.is  the  superintendent. 

The  Matti  mine,  Green  &  Elliott  propri- 
etors, will  resume  operations  next  month. 

The  McNair  mine,  Frederick  Bros,  pro- 
prietors, will  begin  operations  soon.  This  was 
always  considered  a  rich  mine,  and  now  a 
tunnel  will  be  run  in  350  feet  and  probably  a 
large  force  of  men  will  be  given  work. 

The  mine  on  the  Hipps  place  will  soon  erect 
a  five-stamp  mill. 

The  Four  Hills  quartz  mine,  near  Quincy, 
will  resume  operations  soon. 

At  the  Summit,  or  Perkins  mine,  the  ten- 
stamp  mill  has  been  run  constantly  all  winter. 
The  snow  is  uow  fifteen  feet  deep. 

Calaveras. 

The  Ancels  Mine.—  Kv.ho:  The  Angels 
mine,  a  few  hundred  yards  north  of  the  cele- 
brated Utica  mine,  will  be  started  up  the  1st 
of  Juno,  it  is  owned  by  Coleman.  Tarpey  & 
Co.  Electrical  power  will  be  used  to  run  all 
the  machinery  at  the  mine. 

The  Leonard  Mine.— A  force  of  men  have 
been  put  to  work  on  the  Leonard  mine.  The 
force  is  working  in  the  tunnel  and  crosscut- 
ting  to  a  new  ledge  on  the  east.  Supt.  Wey- 
mouth is  very  hopeful  of  striking  a  rich  lead  a 
little  further  eastward,  as  all  indications 
point  to  such  strike. 

The  Wood  Mine.— The  Wood  mine  at  Rob- 
inson's Ferry  has  been  bonded  by  a  company 
who  are  pumping  the  water  out  preparatory 
tn  developing  the  property. 

Kl  Dorado. 

General  Notes.  —Democrat :  The  Avansino 
gravel  mine  at  Pleasant  valley  has  been  closed 
down,  and  the  machinery  used  in  sinking  re- 
moved. The  channel  was  reached  at  a  depth 
of  100  feet,  but  the  gravel  found  would  not 
justify  further  development,  hence  the  sus- 
pension. 

Operations  at  the  Lone  Star  mine,  above 
Smith's  Flat,  have  been  temporarily  sus- 
pended, pending  the  construction  of  a'  cylin- 
drical revolving  crusher,  which  is  to  take'  the 
place  of  the  arras tra  formerly  used. 

The  Transcendent  mine,  one  mile  west  of 
the  Taylor,  is  a  new  mine.  The  ore  is  impreg- 
nated with  sulphurets,  but  prospects  well  in 
fine  gold.  It  is  thought  to  be  good  for  at 
least  $10  per  ton  in  free  gold.  They  have  out 
about  200  tons  of  ore,  and  will  soon  make  u  mill 
test  at  the  Defiance  mill. 

Work  is  being  done  on  the  Collins  mine, 
with  good  prospects. 

The  Emma,  mine  is  being  worked  as  usual, 
and  some  good  pockets  are  being  taken  out. 
Humboldt. 

Orleans  Bar. — Eel  River  Advance:  Maurice 
Vivier  returned  toFortuna  from  Orleans  Bar, 
where  he  had  been  prospecting  for  two  or 
three  weeks,  and  he  brought  back  glowing  ac- 
counts of  that  mining  section.  It  is  his  opinion 
that  S3. 50  to  S3  a  day  per  man  can  be  made  in 
those  u  digging, "  and  itishis  intention  to  re- 
turn to  that  place  to  further  investigate  min- 
ing possibilities,  with   the  view  pf  enlisting 


capital  to  take  hold  in  that  section  which  in 
times  past  has  been  one  of  the  richest  placer 
mining  districts  in  the  State,  and  with  im- 
proved mining  apparatus  it  would  yet  yield  a 
large  amount  of  gold. 


Loner  Gulek.  —James  and  Stevens  have 
made  an  average  of  §50  per  day  and  Kuffle  and 
Swartout  an  average  of  $15  a  day  for  the  past 
week  taking  gold  dust  out  of  their  claims. 

The  Benson  brothers  are  putting  a  plant  on 
their  mining  claim,  and  it  will  be  in  operation 
in  a  few  days.  They  have  taken  out  of  the 
ground  over  §40,000  in  the  past  two  years. 
Mr.  Ellison  is  doing  equally  as  well. 

There  are  several  good'  quartz  mines  re- 
ported in  Jawbone  canyon  about  twenty-five 
miles  from  the  Sixteen-mile  house.  A  ten- 
stamp  mill  is  being  put  in  on  one  of  the 
claims. 

AMALIE  DISTRICT. 

Since  the  discovery  of  the  new  ledge  in  the 
Amalie  mine,  reported  in  the  last  issue,  every 
available  bit  vf  ground  in  the  district  has 
been  located. 

Nevada. 

The  National  Mine. — Union:  The  Na- 
tional mine  at  Grauiteville  has  been  pumped 
clear  of  water  and  operations  will  be  resumed 
next  week. 

The  Nohambauua.— Ti'linon:  The  Noram- 
bagua  mine  is  opened  up  and  the  several  par- 
ties who  are  working  it  will  have  their  ore 
crushed  at  the  Perrin  mill.  Some  of  the  ore 
has  already  been  crushed  but  the  roads  have 
been  so  soft  that  hauling  has  been  postponed. 
About  one  hundred  loads  of  ore  will  be  put 
through  the  mill  and  it  is  expected  that  the 
work  of  crushing  will  be  resumed  next  week. 
The  Rose  Hill.— Tidings:  The  Rose  Hill 
machinery  is  now  ready  for  operation.  The 
engine  is  a  six-horse  power  gasoline  machine, 
and  cost,  laid  down  in  Grass  Valley,  $635. 
The  stamps  are  three  in  number,  weigh  S50 
pounds,  and  at  average  speed  will  drop  eighty 
times  per  minute.  This  three-stamp  battery 
cost,  material  and  all,  §815.  This  price  in- 
cludes a  self-feeder.  It  is  expected  that 
twelve  tons  of  ore  can  be  crushed  each  tweu- 
ty-four  hours.  It,  required  less  than  a  week 
to  set  up  the  engine  and  put  the  stamps  in 
position  after  the  arrival  of  the  machinery, 
though  some  preliminary  work  has  been  done 
in  framing  timbers.  The  building  to  contain 
the  machinery  cost  §801),  making  the  total  cost 
of  the  entire  plant  about  $2250.  The  engine 
will  consume  l/<  gallons  of  gasoliue  per  hour, 
the  cost  of  which  is  twelve  cents  per  gallon 
when  purchased  in  bulk.  Thus  the  cost  for 
power  will  be  from  eighteen  to  twenty  cents 
per  hour  or  between  &4  and  $5  per  day.' 

The  mine  at  present  has  no  concentrator  for 
saving  sulphurets,  the  ore  being  mainly  free 
gold  ore.  If,  however,  it  be  found  necessary, 
a  concentrator  can  be  added. 

J.  M.  Wishart,  the  superintendent,  with 
his  force  of  fifteen  or  twenty  men.  is  taking 
out  ore. 

Washington  District.— HeraM;  An  in- 
creased force  of  men  has  beeu  put  on  at  the 
Spanish  mine  preparatory  lo  putting  up  the 
new  mill.  Fred  Bradley  is  overseeing  the 
work. 

Henry  Phillips,  superintendent  of  the 
Mountain  View  and  other  adjoining  mines, 
came  up  Friday  from  San  Francisco  on  his  way 
to  the  mine.  He  brought  up  a  quantity  of 
supplies  for  the  mine,  among  them  a  Jones' 
patent  rock  drill  which  he  will  immediately 
set  up.  Some  San  Francisco  parties  accom- 
panied Mr.  Phillips,  who  will  inspect  several 
of  the  ledges  in  this  vicinity  and  make  tests 
of  the  ore. 

Messrs.  Boulanger  and  Haskell,  of  San 
Francisco,  are  in  town  inspecting  the  St. 
Patrick  mine. 

Messrs.  Hall,  Geiser,  Miller  and  Rourke 
are  here  to  examine  the  Arctic  and  other 
property  in  the  vicinity  of  Canyon  creek. 

The  mill  at  Blue  Jay  mine  is' running.  The 
owners  have  some  fine  rock  on  the  dump, 
which  they  are  putting  through. 

Thirty  stamps  are  kept  constantly  dropping 
at  the  Oak  Tree  mine,  and  a  full  force  of  men 
are  at  work  taking  out  ore. 

Gold  Bar  and  Gold  Point.  —  Trunsvript:  A 
steam  plant  is  being  put  up  at  the  Gold  Bar 
mine.  Good  prospects  are  reported  and  drift- 
ing will  be  commenced  soon. 

The  ten-stamp  mill  at  the  Gold  Point  mine 
began  crushing  again  Monday.  Rock  enough 
to  keep  it  running  some  time  is  now  on  the 
dump. 

Placer. 
The  Marguerite.—  The  Marguerite  mine 
has  not  shut  down.  The  men  who  had  the 
contract  to  sink  the  shaft  a  certain  number  of 
feet  have  given  it  up  and  a  new  contract  has 
been  let  to  other  parties. 

The  Boulder  Mine.—  R>  inthliean:  The  em- 
ployees of  the.  Boulder  mine,  of  Ophir,  which 
closed  down  last  week,  were  informed  by 
Superintendent  Brown  that  the)-  would  be 
paid  off  last  Saturday.  Saturday  came,  and 
with  it  the  men  for  their  pay,  but  alas,  it 
never  materialized.  It  was  later  ascertained, 
so  we  are  informed,  that  the  money  for  the 
bullion,  which  had  been  shipped  to  the  mint  at 
San  Francisco,  was  expected  to  arrive  at 
Ophir  Saturday  morning  but  it  had  been 
headed  off  at  Sacramento  by  the  Superinten- 
dent. The  men  are  very  anxious  of  his  where- 
abouts which  is  atpresent  unknown.  Tbelose 
of  the  money  is  a  great  blow  to  the  little  min- 
ing town  of  Ophir,  as  the  stores  there  had 
given  the  men  time  on  their  purchases  know- 
ing that  the  money  was  due  them.  The  min- 
ers, about  twenty  in  number,  have  lost  on  an 
average,  $100  each,  but,  undaunted  by  this 
severe  loss,  they  have  taken  the  minethem- 
selves  and  propose  to  work  it  until  every  dol- 
lar is  paid  up.  The  ore  is  very  good  in  the 
mine  and  they  will  probably  not  lose  in  the 
end. 

A  Rich  Strike.— Argus:  A  rich  strike  was 
made  at  the  Marguerite,  near  town,  Tuesday 
morning.     They  are  down   over  300   feet  and 


have  had  fine  prospects  all  along,  but  on  Tues- 
day they  struck  a  five-foot  ledge  of  some  of 
the  prettiest  ore  we  have  seen.  It  will  go$G0 
to  the  ton. 

San  Diego. 

Julian  District.— The  Ready  Relief  Min- 
ing Company  has  let  a  contract  for  sinking  a 
100-foot  shaft  on  the  Redman  mine.  It  is  then 
intended  to  run  a  drift  under  the  creek,  con- 
necting with  the  Ready  Relief  mine.  The 
pump  and  hoisting  machinery  in  the  Redman 
is  in  place  and  in  working  operation,  being  run 
by  water  power  from  the  Ready  Relief  plant,  j 

In  the  Chocolate  Mountains.— Two  gold 
mines  have  been  sold  in  the  extreme  eastern 
part  of  the  county  in  the  Chocolate  Mountain 
range  by  L.  E.  Auburyof  San  Diego  to  Kansas 
City  men,  who  are  credited  with  an  intention 
to  pump  water  from  the  Colorado  river  and 
build  a  five-stampmill. 

Sierra. 

From  Sierra  City.— At  the    Bonanza  mine,  , 
over  forty  men  have  beeu    thrown   out  of  em-  j 
ployment.  owing  to  the  stopping  of  that  mine,  i 
owing  to  temporary  disagreement  among  the 
owners. 

After  a  run  of  twenty-eight  days,  the  Butte 
Saddle  made  a  clean-up  of  S0000.  The  com- 
pany have  a  ten-stamp  mill,  but  for  several 
days  past  they  h-ive  only  run  five  stamps. 

The  Sierra  Buttes  pays  a  monthly  dividend 
to  its  owners.  A  few  days  ago  they  discov- 
ered another  rich  ledge  in  the  mine. 

Trinity. 

Rion  Returns.—  The  mines  of  Trinity 
county  are  yielding  rich  returns  this  year. 
Many  new  quartz  mines  are  being  opened, 
and  the  yield  of  gold  from  that  county  bids 
fair  to  exceed  the  largest  amount  taken  from 
that  county  in  recent  years. 

Ellery  Bros.— Elias  and  James— have  a  bo- 
nanza in  quartz  near  French  Gulch,  according 
to  reports.  They  have  already  cleaned  up  a 
small  fortune  from  only  two  runs. 

A  French  Gulch  syndicate  are  the  reported 
purchasers  of  the  Jack  Strode  mine  at  Trinity 
Center.  This  mine  shows  a  fine  lot  of  ore 
chutes,  milling  from  $50  to  $100  per  ton. 

Tuolumne. 

General  Notes, — The  Mammoth  mine  is  be- 
ing vigorously  opened  by  Win.  Johns.  Two 
tunnels  are  being  run  with  excellent  pros- 
pects. The  lowest  will  connect  with  the  mill, 
which  will  be  built  as  soon  as  lumber  can  be 
secured  for  its  erection.  Forty  stamps  will 
be  set,  to  be  supplemental,  as  soon  as  the 
mine's  development  warrants  an  increase  tn 
sixty  stamps. 

Rich  ore  is  being  taken  from  the  Jumper 
mine,  from  both  levels  north  and  south.  The 
mill  is  running  day  and  night.  The  ore  is 
improving  as  developments  proceed.  The  ore 
body  is  very  extensive,  needing  a  larger  mill. 

The  Golden  Rule  mine,  north  of  the  Jumper, 
is  in  the  same  black  metallic  slate  formation. 
It  is  being  developed,  and  its  former  record  is 
now  verified  by  the  present  rich  finds. 

The  Miller  &  Holmes  Consolidated  Co.  com- 
prises the  Gray  Eagle,  Nyman  and  Knox  & 
Boyle,  all  situated  south  of  the  App  mine, 
Quartz  mountain.  Work  is  being  vigorously 
carried  on  in  these  shafts  simultaneously. 
Ore  of  a  good  quality  is  being  extracted. 
This  company  is  putting  in  an  electric  plant, 
power  derived  from  Wood's  creek. 
NEVADA. 
ESMERALDA  CO. 

A  Bn;  Story.— J.  A.  Yeriugtou  who  has  a 
bond  on  the  Hard  Scrabble  mine  in  Silver  Star 
district  gives  the  Salt  Lake  Tribune  a  big 
statement  about  it.  He  says  0000  tons  are 
now  in  sight,  and  the  ore  is  supposed  to  run 
from  $90  to  $100  per  ton  in  gold,  and  after  it 
had  beeu  opened  up  to  a  depth  of  165  feet  and  a 
ten-foot  vein  had  been  developed,  assays  were 
obtaiued  from  the  full  face  giving  a  value  of 
$103  in  gold. 

The  district  lies  at  an  altitude  of  7000  feet, 
and  until  August,  1892,  was  unknown  as  a  gold 
camp.  Prior  to  that  time,  it  had -been  a  mod- 
erate silver  district,  but  the  demonetization 
of  that  metal  rendered  the  mine  worthless, 
and  the  camp  was  abandoned.  It  was  on  the 
edge  of  a  mule  trail  that  the  first  signs  of  gold 
ore  were  discovered,  and  on  this  discovery  the 
Hard  Scrabble  location  was  made. 

"  The  ore  has  paid  from  the  grass  roots  down 
and  in  the  first  surface  workings,  118  tons  of 
ore  milled  out  over  $10,000  in  a  crude  stamp 
mill  that  had  been  hastily  constructed. 

u  Many  experts  have  visited  the  district, 
among  others  Professor  Potter  of  St.  Louis 
and  Governor  Colcord,  and  the  unanimous 
opinion  is  that  the  mother  lode  has  been  dis- 
covered between  the  Excelsoir  and  Santa  Fe 
ranges  of  the  Sierra  Nevadas.  The  vein  ap- 
pears to  be  continuous,  and  the  only  interrup- 
tion yet  found  are  lateral  seams  of  oxidized 
silver  ores." 

Prospecting  Active.— Prospecting  is  very 
active  in  the  several  gold  camps  of  Esmeralda 
county.  New  finds  continue  to  be  reported  at 
Silver  Star,  and  some  of  these  are  very  rich. 
For  a  while  it  was  thought  that  the  first  lo- 
cators had  got  all  the  rich  veins,  but  a  recent  i 
find  shows  that  in  mining,  as  in  all  else,  there 
are  "as  good  fish  in  the  sea  as  ever  have  been 
caught."  In  the  West  it  was  said  of  rattle- 
snakes, "When  there  is  one  always  look  for 
two,"  and  it  is  about  the  same  as  regards 
mineral  veins.  Where  one  big,  rich  gold  vein 
has  been  found  other  good  veins  are  pretty 
sure  to  exist.  A  good  indication  of  the  value 
of  the  several  Esmeralda  gold  camps  is  that 
one  finds  nobody  coming  back  from  any  one  of 
them.  It  is  better  to  live  fat  on  a  four-inch 
gold  vein  than  to  go  hungry  on  a  forty-foot 
silver  lode. 

HUMBOLDT  CO. 

TheKennedyGold  Mines. — Journal:  Ken- 
nedy has  merit  and  will  prove  its  worth, 
though  laboring  under  great  disadvantages. 
The  mines  were  discovered  by  poor  men  when 
the  mining  business  was  at  low  ebb  in  Nevada. 
The  discoverers  shipped  a  few  tons  of  selected 
ore    'o  the  Rrnn  Reduction  Works  from  which 


they  realized  a  few  thousand  dollars,  which 
they  expended  in  developments.  A  yeai  ago 
some  of  the  most  promising  mines  in  the  dis- 
trict were  bonded  to  an  adventurer.  A 
quartz  mill  built  in  Chicago  many  years  ago 
was  removed  from  another  district  to  Ken  nedy . 
The  process  of  amalgamation,  which  was  the 
simplest  known,  was  not  adapted  to  the  ores 
of  Kennedy ;  the  adventurer  left,  leaving  only 
his  creditors  to  regret  his  departure,  and  the 
rich  district  was  given  what  in  mining  par- 
lance is  termed  a  "black  eye."  The  mine 
owners,  all  of  whom,  as  is  usually  the  case  in 
uew  districts,  are  poor  men  who  are  working 
energetically  to  develop  their  properties,  but 
without  money  or  credit  they  find  it  up-hill 
business.  Ores  are  being  selected  from  the 
richest  of  the  mines  for  shipment  to  the  Selby 
Smelting  Works  in  California.  This  involves 
an  average  outlay  of  about  $30  per  ton.  It  is 
seldom,  even  in  the  best  paying  gold  mines, 
that  ores  can  be  found  in  quaptity  that  will 
average  that  amount,  hence  Kennedy  cannot 
be  prosperous  until  works  are  erected  on  the 
ground  that  will  treat  the  ores  successfully. 
The  general  opinion  of  mining  men  is  that 
there  is  abundance  of  gold-bearing  ores  in  the 
district,  and  that  all  is  required  to  make 
it  one  of  the  most  productive  and  prosperous 
in  the  country  is  home  works  for  the  reduc- 
tion of  the  ores,  at  a  cost  of  $15  to  $20  per  ton. 
That  such  works  will  be  erected  in  the  near 
future  cannot  be  doubted,  and  when  they  are 
Kennedy  will  be  a  lively  camp. 
NYE  co. 

Around  Grantsville.  —  Tbos.  Mitchell, 
agent  for  F.  C.  Nichols  of  Bridgeport,  Conn., 
has  sold  the  Ellsworth  ten-stamp  quartz  mill 
to  Theo.  Cirac  of  Grantsville,  who  will  move 
it  to  Union  Canyon  to  work  his  gold  ore  from 
the  North  Belle  mine. 

T.  J.  Bell,  in  his  placer  mines  back  of  lone, 
is  turning  out  $100  every  four  days. 

ARIZONA. 

Silver  Bell. — There  are  sixty  men  work- 
ing on  the  Silver  Bell  under  Superintendent 
R.  Hamilton,  who  also  has  charge  of  the 
smelter  at  Tucson. 

Reported  Rich.—  Journal-Minev :  There  is 
considerable  excitement  over  recent  strikes 
in  the  mountains  between  Thumb  Butte  and 
Copper  Basin,  and  a  dozen  or  more  locations 
have  already  been  made  in  that  vicinity.  The 
ore  near  the  surface  is  fabulously  rich  in  gold. 
The  new  finds  are  located  within  six  to  eight 
miles  of  Prescott. 

COLORADO. 

At  Florence.— Record:  The  cyanide  plant 
at  Florence  has  commenced  operations.  The 
full  capacity  is  100  tons  per  day. 

Incorporated  at  Victor.— The  Fairview 
Gold  Mining  and  Milling  Company  is  incor- 
porated with  a  capital  stock  of  S1,000,000,  to 
operate  at  "Victor.  The  incorporators  are  S. 
B.  Smith,  J.  H.  Purnell,  P.  W.  Harrington, 
J.  Hastings  and  A.  V.  Purnell. 
leadville. 

Two  Silver  Strikes.— While  the  gold  prop- 
erties have  been  attracting  so  much  attention 
during  the  past  few  months,  the  silver  prop- 
erties have  not  been  idle,  and  in  addition  to 
the  regular  shipments  of  iron  and  silver  ore, 
much  important  development  work  has  been 
carried  on  which  is  now  resulting  in  some  very 
excellent  new  discoveries.  The  latlest  strike 
is  that  made  by  the  Northern  Mining  company 
in  the  Capital  shaft.  This  shaft  was  worked 
for  a  longtime  by  the  Caricton  Brothers  anda 
few  months  ago  they  found  it  necessary  on 
account  of  the  depth  they  had  to  go,  and  also 
the  large  amount  of  water  they  had  to  handle, 
to  form  a  mining  company.  This  was  done 
and  was  known  as  the  Northern,  and  in  which 
some  of  the  leading  mining  men  of  the  camp 
are  interested.  Much  important  work  has 
been  done  since  that  time,  and  some  good  ore 
encountered,  but  the  biggest  strike  was  made 
yesterday.  In  one  of  the  drifts  run  out  a  body 
of  chlorides  of  the  richest  kind  has  been 
encountered.  The  assays  from  this  ore  are 
something  immense.  The  general  average  of 
the  ore  that  is  uncovered  is  about  800  ounces 
in  silver  to  the  ton,  while  some  of  it  runs  away 
up  into  the  thousands.  Of  course,  at  present 
it  is  impossible  to  say  the  extent  of  this  strike, 
but  the  management  believe  they  have  a  good 
ore  body.  At  any  rate  the  chlorides  that  they 
cut  into  are  the  finest  seen  in  thp  eamp  for 
many  a  day. 

Another  important  silver  property  that  has 
forged  to  the  front  is  the  Bohu  shaft.  The 
streak  of  ore  which  Major  Bohn  was  following 
has  gradually  opened  out  and  has  run  into  an 
ore  body.  The  actual  extent  of  the  chute  is 
not  known,  but  so  far  as  is  proved  up  it  is  at 
least  fifty  feet  wide.  The  breast  is  very 
valuable,  as  assays  show  the  lowest  grade 
has  not  less  than  fifty  ounces  in  siver,  while 
some  of  the  first-class  shipping  ore  runs  as 
high  as  700  ounces.  The  shaft  is  already  on  a 
paying  basis  and  promises  to  develop  into  some- 
thing very  rich. 

HINSDALE   CO. 

The  Golden  Fleece.— Lake  City  Phono- 
graph: The  output  of  the  Golden  Fleece  last 
month  amounted  to  over  $39,000.  The  com- 
pany is  working  a  force  of  about  seventy-five 
men,  but  only  twenty-five  men  are  employed 
in  taking  out  ore  for  shipment,  the  rest  being 
engaged  in  development  work.  The  regular 
two  per  cent,  dividend  was  paid  by  the  com- 
pany last  Monday,  which  amounted  to  §12,000. 
IDAHO. 

At  Silver  City. — The  Black  Jack  is  running 
along  as  usual,  milling  about  twenty-three 
tons  of  ore  daily.  Sixty-five  men  are  employed. 
The  Idaho  tunnel  is  in  2000  feet.  Between 
100  and  150  feet  is  yet  to  drive  before  striking 
the  ledge.  Eight  shifts  with  power  drills  are 
working  in  the  solid  granite,  but  good  head- 
way is  being  made. 

A  Wallace  dispatch  of  the  7th  says :  Opera- 
tions at  the  Hunter  mine  at  Mullen  were 
abruptly  terminated  last  night.  Yesterday 
President  Henry  of  the   Miners'    Union   went 


May  11    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


299 


to  Mullen  and  advised  Martin  Curran,    the 

superintendent,  that  if  he  did   not   raise    the 

wages  to  the  Canyon  Creek  scale  or  quit  work 

the  Union  of  Canyon  Creek  would   be  over 

there  several  hundred  strong,  ami  tbi 

run  hlra  out  of  i  he  country  and   possibly   kilt 

hira,   and    that    the   mill  "would  probably   be  j 

blown    to    pieces.      Superintendent    Curran  j 

wired  to  Dennis  Ryan,  one  of  the  principal  i 

owners,  living  at  St.  Paul,  its  follows: 

EnpeUea  to  quit  or  take  chances  ol   hav- 
ing the  mill  blown  up  and   myself  run  out  of  . 

the  country.    Answer. " 
The  reply  came   to  close   up  the   mine  and  I 

mill.   Consequently,  the  men  were  discharged  j 

last   night  and   paid  off   this   morning.     The  \ 

mine  has  been  in  operation  only  a  week. 
The  Binkek  Hill  AND  Sullivan. — A  tt'ard- 

ner  dispatch  of   the  8th    says:    The  Bunker 

Hill  and  Sullivan  management,  having  ex- 
pressed a  willingness  to  resume  work  in  their 

mine  at  $3  for  miners  and  $2.50  for  shovellers, 

the  business  men  of  VVardner  and  Kellogg 
drew  up  this  petition,  which  is  being  gener- 
ally signed : 

"We,  the  undersigned,  citizens  of  Ward- 
ner  and  Kellogg,  in  consideration  of  the  ex- 
tremely low  price  or  lead  and  silver,  and  in 
further  consideration  of  the  fact  that  the  cost 
of  living  has  decreased,  believe  that  while 
these  low  prices  continue  S3  per  day  for 
miners  and  $2.50  for  day  laborers  are  fair  and 
just  rates  of  wages 

"We  further  believe  that  the  Bunker  Hill 
and  Sullivan  Mining  and  Concentrating  Com- 
pany has  the  same  right  to  manage  their  own 
affairs  as  we  have  to  manage  ours.  We 
hereby  pledge  the  company  our  cordial  sup- 
port in  its  determination  to  pay  no  higher 
wages  while  prices  of  lead  and  silver  are  so 
low,  it  being  understood  that  the  said  com- 
pany will  restore  wages  to  the  former  basis 
of  $3.50  and  $3  whenever  the  prices  of  lead 
and  silver  advance  so  that  the  combined  value 
in  New  York  of  100  pounds  of  lead  to  2% 
ounces  of  silver  shall  amount  to  §6." 

It  is  believed  the  mine  will  resume  on  this 
basis.     About  400  men  are  employed. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Resumed  Operations. — The  New  Mexico 
and  Arizona  Smelting  Company's  smelter  at 
Ivanhoe  is  working.  While  it  was  undergoing 
repairs  the  company  operated  its  properties. 
Hundreds  of  tons  of  ore  are  now  on  the  ground 
ready  for  treatment.  The  smelter  has  been 
relined  and  is  reported  in  better  condition 
than  before  the  shut-down. 

A  Mining  Deal.— An  Albuquerque  dispatch 
reports  that  the  sale  of  a  one-fourth  interest 
in  the  Crown  Point  mine,  one  of  the  best 
properties  in  the  Cochiti  mining  district,  was 
consummated  this  week,  $10,000  being  the 
price  paid.  The  Crown  Point  is  a  paying 
mine,  and  several  carloads  of  ore  shipped  to 
the  smelters  carry  over  $200  in  gold  to  the 
ton. 

OREGON. 

BAKER  CO. 

A  Prosperous  Region.— There  are  few  idle  j 
men  around  Baker  City.  All  along  the  line,  I 
from  Baker  into  Sumpter  valley,  there  are 
evidences  of  prosperity  in  the  various  mining 
fields.  Every  little  creek  seems  to  be  a 
stream  of  mud,  instead  of  water.  They  have 
discharged  all  the  Chinese,  and  Americans  are 
taking  charge  of  the  placer  fields  that 
Celestials  formerly  had  exclusive  possession 
of.  The  appreciation  of  gold  is  warranting 
miners  in  venturing  on  little  veins  which  do 
not  exceed  from  four  to  six  inches  in  thick- 
ness. 

The  Pix  mine,  lately  sold  for  $35,000  cash  to 
a  New  York  company,  is  employing  a  large 
crew  of  men.  They  are  working  the  mine  by 
shaft  and  the  vein  is  small.  It  does  not  ex- 
ceed ten  inches,  yet  it  is  rich  in  gold. 

The  Bonanza  has  lately  become  the  chief 
rival  of  the  Virtue.  With  ten  stamps  running 
full  blast,  it  has  taken  out  826,000.    It  is  in  a 

mineralzone,  with  no  walls,  or  any  evidence  I  fJiVthiefc        ,  in  ■ . .  - 1 .  -.  \     , 

of.such.    The  vein  is  from  four  to  six  feet  !      e    t,alckt  1U    nng  *1U  t0  *10  t0  ttie  ton- 


j  a  10-inch  discharge,  with  a  capacity  of  2000 
gallons  per  minute. 
Golden  Standard.— H.  D.  Kubli  writes 
!  from  Gall's  Creek  district  that  a  richer  body  of 
I  ore  than  ever  has  been  struck  in  the  Golden 
I  Standard  mine.  He  says  thai  as  high  as  *2 
I  has  been  obtained  from  a  handful  of  it.  und 
t  enthusiastically  adds  that  be  is  now  asking 
1  160,000  for  the  mine. 

n   VMlINCiTON. 

Thk  Conconulli  Country.— The  Bridge- 
port Mining  &  Milling  Company  intend  to  re- 
sume development  operations  on  their  Mineral 
Hill  property.  Lust  season  they  spent  930,000. 
They  have  a  fifty-horse  power  boiler,  a  forty- 
horse  power  or  five-drill  capacity  air  com- 
pressor, a  hoisting  eugiue  and  pump— the  lat- 
ter with  a  capacity  of  8000  gallons  per  hour- 
two  drills,  and  a  sawmill  of"  50(H)  feet  per  dav 
capacity.  Where  the  plant  is  located,  and 
which  point,  it  is  proposed  to  make  the  base  of 
operations  in  the  development  of  the  entire 
group  of  mines,  there  is  now  a  100-foot  shaft 
which  is  to  be  sunk  200  feet  deeper,  and  they 
will  run  drifts  and  crosscuts  to  open  up  the 
different  leads  and  ore  bodies.  There  is  a 
body  of  ore  where  the  shaft  is  being  sunk 
and  another  about  500  feet  farther  north,  as 
well  as  several  parallel  veins  which  it  is  pro- 
posed to  prospect  and  develop  from  the  300-foot 
level  of  the  present  workings.  The  ore  aver- 
ages about  sixty  ounces  in  silver  and  $10  in 
gold  per  ton,  and  carries  15%  lead.  The  com- 
pany  is  composed  of  New  England  people, 
mostly  from  Bridgeport,  Connecticut. 

CANADA. 

Raixt  Lake  Attracting  Attention. — "A 
gold  fever  unprecedented  in  Canadian  his- 
tory" is  reported  in  what  is  known  as  the 
Rainy  Lake  region  of  Ontario,  in  the  wild 
and  almost  inaccessible  territory  that  is  best 
reached  either  from  Port  Arthur  or  from  the 
mining  lands  on  the  Minnesota  side  of  the 
lake.  There  is  now  probably  2500  men  in  a 
small  district,  where,  with  the  exception  of 
Indians,  not  a  man  was  to  be  found  a  year 
ago.  A  dispatch  from  Quebec  says:  t(*The 
miners  are  pushing  in  rapidly,  coming  from  all 
parts  of  the  world." 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA. 

A  General  Statement. — Miners  are  scat- 
tered all  over  the  interior  of  British  Colum- 
bia, and  the  gravel  along  the  rivers  and 
streams  in  the  province  is  being  raked  by  a 
roving  army  of  several  hundred  men. 

There  is  some  stir  at  Rossland,  the  latest 
boom  town  of  British  Columbia.  Harry  Bald- 
win made  a  discovery  of  gold  quartz  a  few 
miles  from  Rossland  which  assa.yed  S22  to  the 
ton  and  the  whole  town  went' wild.  There 
was  a  stampede  in  the  direction  of  the  find. 
All  came  back  disappointed,  for  no  other  dis- 
coveries of  any  great  importance  in  that  sec- 
tion have  been  made. 

The  Trail  Creek  country  is  said  to  be  a  good 
place  to  keep  away  from.  The  country  is 
overrun  and  expenses  are  heavy. 

General  Mining  News.— About  150  men  are 
working  the  placers  on  Cariboo  creek. 

One  monitor  is  working  on  Forty-Nine 
creek,  near  Nelson. 

Up  to  April  17th,  2,337  tons  of  ore  went 
through  Nakusp  from  Slocan. 

With  silver  at  60  cents  it  is  estimated  that 
the  Slocan  Star  shows  §2,000,000  worth  of  ore. 

Col.  Peyton,  of  the  Le  Roi  Mining  Com- 
panv,  has  bonded  the  Wagner  group,  Lardo, 
for  815, 000. 

The  Hall  Mines  Company  is  figuring  on  the 
cost  of  a  smelter  at  Nelson  ;  seventy  men  are 
working  at  the  mine. 

The  Mollie  Hughes  is  the  last  Slocan  ship- 
ping mine.  A  small  quantity  was  sent  to  the 
Pilot  Bay  smelter. 

The  Robert  E.  Lee  and  Maid  of  Erin,  at  the 
Forks  of  Trail  creek,  show  a   vein  of  ore  15 


THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


It  ib  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
handled  uDd  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  In  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect- 
or in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
ajyplica'ion. 

If  you  are  Interested  In 
Rock  Drilling:  Correspond 
with   us. 


t^    WE  CAN  SAVE  YOD  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'g'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

OFFICE  AND  WAREROOMS : 

Care  PARKE  &  LACY  CO 21  and  23  Fremont  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

Or,  AddresB  the  Company  at  Its  Denver  Office. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 

Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnook  Building Chicago 

Ishpemlng Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

SherbrookP.  O Canada 

Apartado  830 City  of  Mexico 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO,  Agents,  141  First  St,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


thick,  and  is  averaging  about  §50  to  the  ton. 
Mr.  Geiser,  the  manager,  is  now  sinking  a 
double  shaft,  480  feet  in  depth,  that  will  be 
four  feet  wide  in  the  clear  by  eight  feet  wide. 

The  Cable  mine,  formerly  known  as  the 
La  Belle,  has  been  employing  a  large  crew  of 
men  the  entire  winter. 

The  Phoenix,  lately  purchased  by  the  same 
New  York  company  that  purchased  the  Pix, 
is  also  a  gold  producer.  There  is  little  being 
accomplished  in  placers,  for  there  is  less  snow 
than  for  more  than  thirty  years,  and  it  is  only 
gradually  melting  away, '  the  soil  absorbing 
the  moisture  completely  before  it  reaches  the 
ditches. 

JACKSON    CO. 

The  Quine  Mine. — The  placer  mining  and 
milling  plant  which  will  work  the  Quine  mine 
at  Riddle  consists  of  two  boilers  of  35-horse 
power  and  a  pump  with  a  12-inch   suction  and 


The  Revelstoke  smelter  property  has  been 
purchased  by  a  Chicago  firm. 

Messrs.  Carter  &  Clarke  have  had  refunded 
them  S934  10,  duty  paid  on  a  concentrating 
plant  a  year  ago. 

The  Noble  Five,  Slocan,  has  remained  in 
the  hands  of  the  original  locators.  They  have 
shipped  1,050  tons  of  ore,  which  paid  every 
dollar  expended  on  the  mine. 

News  comes  of  prospecting  and  assessment 
work  going  on  in  Boundary  creek  and  Midway 
districts.  The  shaft  on  the  Last  Chance  is  to 
be  deepened.  The  four  foot  vein  widens  the 
deeper  it  is  followed. 

James  Breen,  representing  smelter  compan- 
ies of  Butte,  Mont.,  has  been  in  Nelson.  He 
says  that  if  Nelson  can  show  that  ore  can  be 
smelted  there  cheaper  than  on  the  American 
side,  the  smelter  will  go  up  there  without 
any  bonus. 


3 

3 

o 
o 

c 
n 

r 


r 
-i 


SI/VYOINDS     SAWS 

AND    MACHINE    KNIVES. 

RUBBER     BELTING* 

RUBBER  HOSE,  COTTON  HOSE, 
PACKING. 

LEATHER  BELTING. 

DODGE  WOOD  SPLIT  PULLEYS, 

EMERY  WHEELS,  FILES. 

GRAPHITE  AND  GRAPHITE  GREASE, 

COVEL  BELT  HOOKS. 


Dodge  Independence  Wood  Split  Pulley  3IM.0ND3   SAW  CO., 


Is  tbe  lightest,  strongest  and  most  con- 
venient Pulley  made. 


No.  31  Main  Street,  San  Francisco,  and 
85  First  St.,  Portland,  Or. 


MINERS'     FAVORITE  I 

Perkins  Double-Ming 
PLUNGER    PUMPS. 

Capictiy  2000  to  20.000 
ffals.  per  bour.  Especially 
adapted  for  mines.  Will 
raiBe  water  any  height 
or  distance  and  can  be 
worked  ruccessfully 
under  every  possible  situ- 
ation. Pumps  sand  and 
water.  No  cylinder  or 
pls'ons  to  wear  out.  For 
all  particulars  send  to  the 

PERKINS  PUMP  AND  ENGINE  CO.,  11 7  Main  Street,  San  Francisco. 


PATENT    HOOP    CLAMP. 


feasts 


/\LL      SIZES. 


fj  Jijft!!  1 


MALLEABLE  IRON  HEADS,  WROUGHT  IRON  BOLT. 


These  Couplings  are  the  Best  in  the  World,  Most  Powerful,  and  Convenient.   Work  freely,  having  a  direct  pull 

with  right  and  left  screw,  acting  on  a  Ball  and  Socket  Joint.    We  use  them  extensively 

in  our  Tank  Building  Department. 


ORE^VAIS' 

PRECIPITATING   TANKS, 

SOLUTION  TANKS, 
SULPHITE    SUriPS, 

LEACHING  VATCWITHJ^LSE  BOTTOMS, 

PAN  AND  SETTLER  STAVES, 

STAMP  GUIDES, 

— AND— 
WATER    TANKS    OP    ALL    SIZES. 


WELLS,  RUSSELL  &  CO.,  MECHANICS'  MILLS,  Cor.  Mission  and  Fremont  Sts.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


300 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


May  11,    1895. 


Oil   Fuel  for   Locomotives. 


President  G.  B.  Leighton,  of  the  Los 
Angeles  Terminal  Railway,  states  that 
a  Baldwin  eight-wheel  passenger  en- 
gine has  been  changed  from  coal  to  oil 
burning,  with  the  Holden  burner.  This 
burner,  roughly  speaking,  consists  of 
three  concentric  tubes,  the  oil  passing 
through  the  annular  space  between  the 
outer  and  middle  tubes  and  steam  from 
the  boiler  passing  through  the  like 
space  between  the  inner  and  middle 
tubes  (the  inner  tube  carrying  air),  the 
steam  and  oil  pass  into  and  through 
one  combining  tube,  from  which  they 
are  discharged  through  two  small 
holes  in  the  end,  forming  two  jets  for 
each  burner,  one  straight  ahead  and 
one  at  such  an  angle  with  the  axis  of 
the  burner  that  it  meets  the  corre- 
sponding jet  from  the  other  burner 
about  the.  center  of.  the  fire-box,  the 
four  jets  there  flaring  out  and  forming 
a  sheet  of  flame  which  fills  the  box 
horizontally,  and  impinging  against 
the  front  brick  wall,  follows  back  under 
the  brick  arch  and  then  up  over  it  into 
the  flues.  A  more  intense  heat  is  ob- 
tained than  with  coal,  but  is  so  evenly 
distributed  that  no  objectionable  local 
heating  takes  place.  The  bricks  in  the 
box  become  white  hot,  and  retain  their 
heat  so  that  the  engine  will  stand  all 
night  (ten  to  twelve  hours)  with  damp- 
ers and  smokestack  closed,  and  retain 
a  pressure  of  twenty  to  thirty  pounds 
of  steam  in  the  morning.  The  oil  feed 
is  regulated  separately  in  each  burner. 
One  is  arranged  so  that  a  quarter  turn 
of  the  wheel  shuts  off  the  oil,  and  the 
other  requires  several  turns.  Thus 
one  burner  may  be  shut  off  simultane- 
ously with  the  closing  of  the  throttle, 
and  the  other,  which  is  left  burning 
during  stops  as  well  as  when  running, 
is  used,  by  virtue  of  its  gradual  feed,  to 
nicely  adjust  the  supply  of  oil  to  the 
demand,  as  indicated  by  the  smoke- 
stack and  steam  gauge. 

The  grate  surface  is  floored  over 
with  brick,  except  a  triangular  space 
twenty-four  inches  long  by  eighteen 
inches  wide,  through  which  air  is  ad- 
mitted. The  brick  arch  is  longer  than 
in  ordinary  practice,  and  by  the  proper 
adjustment  of  this  arch  and  the  grate 
opeuing,  preventing  the  incoming  cold 
air  from  striking  against  the  exposed 
parts  of  the  sheets,  no  trouble  need  be 
had  with  leaks,  resulting  from  undue 
contraction  when  the  oil  is  temporarily 
shut  off  or  turned  down,  and  there  is 
no  indication  that  boiler  repairs  will  be 
materially  increased. 

The  oil  tank  is  built  to  fit  in  the  coal 
space  of  the  tender,  and  holds  a  supply 
of  twenty-three  and  one-quarter  bar- 
rels of  oil  (equivalent  to  about  seven 
tons  of  coal),  the  oil  being  heated  by  a 
coil  of  steam  pipes  in  the  bottom  of  the 
tank,  as  more  satisfactory  working  is 
obtained  -when  the  oil  is  thinly  fluid. 
An  air  pressure  of  five  to  seven  pounds 
per  square  inch  is  carried  in  the  tank, 
this  and  the  heating  device  being  es- 
pecially necessary  in  the  use  of  heavy 
oils.  The  wh-e  netting  and  baffle  plate 
are  removed  from  the  front  end  and 
the  nozzles  reduced  to  three  inches. 

The  engine  has  been  heretofore  run- 
ning in  light  passenger  service  between 
Los  Angeles  and  San  Pedro,  twenty- 
seven  miles,  burning  Wellington  coal 
costing  $7.50  per  ton  on  the  coaling 
track.  During  experiments  extending 
over  a  period  of  two  weeks  prior  to 
the  change,  a  precisely  similar  engine, 
in  essentially  the  same  condition  and 
the  same  service,  evaporated6.2  pounds 
of  water  per  pound  of  coal,  from  feed 
water  at  00°  F. ,  to  steam  at  150  pounds 
pressure— 366°  P.  Since  the  change 
they  have  burned  two  different  oils; 
the  first,  a  Santa  Paula  oil  of  24°  to  28° 
Baume,  gave  an  evaporation  of  from 
11.73  pounds  to  12.40  pounds  of  water 
per  pound  of  oil,  these  being  the  ex- 
treme limits.  The  least  favorable  of 
these  limits  makes  3.3  barrels  of  oil, 
costing  $4,111,  equivalent  to  a  ton  of 
coal,  costing  $7.50— a  saving  of  44.1 
per  cent,  while  the  most  favorable 
gives  a  saving  of  47.2  per  cent.  The 
above  is  figured  at  $1.27  per  barrel  for 


lil, 


The  other  oil  is  a  Los  Angeles  prod- 


uct of  from  13.8°  to  l(i°  Baume,  which 
costs  seventy-five  cents  per  barrel  and 
which  has  given  an  evaporation  of  10.31 
pounds  of  water  per  pound  of  oil. 
which,  figured  as  before,  gives  a  saving 
of  64.2  per  cent. 

The  approximate  accuracy  of  the 
above  is  checked  as  follows:  During 
runs  covering  a  total  of  1094  miles  with 
Los  Angeles  oil,  the  cost  per  mile  for 
fuel  has  been  11.1  cents,  as  against  an 
average  for  the  previous  year  of  28.3 
cents  for  coal.  This  shows  a  saving  of 
60.8  per  cent.  The  difference  between 
these  two  results  may  be  accouuted  for 
by  the  fact  that  in  the  coal-burning 
service  the  engine  was  allowed  a  slight 
switching  mileage,  and  in  the  oil  service 
none  has  been  allowed,  and  also  in  oil 
burning  a  small  percentage  of  the 
steam  generated  is  used  in  the  burner 
and  in  the  steam  pipes  for  heating  the 
oil,  this  making  a  slight  increase  in 
cost  per  mile  for  fuel  that  the  evapora- 
tion comparison  would  not  show. 
Where  an  engine  is  worked  hard,  with 
heavy  trains  or  at  high  grades,  and 
the  waste  of  coal  correspondingly  enor- 
mous, a  still  greater  saving  may  of 
course  be  had,  as  combustion  of  oil  is 
virtually  complete  however  hard  the 
engine  may  be  forced. 


The  Useful   Donkey. 


It  seems,  says  the  Scientific  American, 
that  Mr.  Shepherd  has  a  very  rich 
mine  in  an  almost  inaccessible  part  of 
the  Mexican  mountain  ranges,  a  long 
way  removed  from  any  railroad,  which 
he  has  been  equipping  at  great  cost 
with  first-class  mechanical  appliances. 
Some  time  ago  Mr.  Shepherd  concluded 
that  his  equipment  required  5000  or 
6000  feet  of  wire  rope  for  carrier  pur- 
poses, but  how  to  get  it  up  into  his 
mountain  fastness  in  a  single  piece,  as 
required,  was  a  question.  By  no  possi- 
bility could  it  be  moved  from  the  rail- 
road to  final  destination  on  wheels,  and 
he  didn't  see  how  it  could  be  carried 
by  burros.  But  a  Mexican  did  it.  He 
explained  his  plan,  got  the  contract  for 
carrying  the  11  -inch  cable,  and  success- 
fully executed  it.  Here  is  the  way  be 
did  it:  He  coiled  the  rope  up  at  fixed 
distances  along  its  entire  length,  each 
coil  being  of  approximately  the  same 
size  and  designed  to  weigh  300  pounds, 
and  loaded  it  on  a  string  of  burros  with 
proper  fastenings.  To  take  up  the 
slack  between  each  two  burros,  two 
Mexicans  with  padded  shoulders  were 
inserted  and  faithfully  kept  up  their 
end,  or  rather  portion,  of  the  line. 
The  pi-ocessiou  was  a  curious  one,  to 
be  sure,  but  it  got  there  just  the  same. 


THE  WILSON 

HIGH   GRADE   STEEL 


SHOES 


-AND- 


DIES. 


Guaranteed  to  Wear  Longer 
and  Prove  Cheaper  than 
^^^S    any  others. 
Made  by  use  of  Special  Appliances. 

PATENTED   AUGUST    16TH,   1802. 
Made  only  by 

Western  Forge  and 
Rolling:  Mills, 

ST.  LOUIS,  M0. 
WM.  A.   HEWITT,     -      -     Agent, 

11  and  13  First  St.,  San  Francisco. 


FOR     SALE. 

ONE    AIR    COriPRESSOR, 

With  Engine  and  Tank  Complete  and  13  Burleigh 
Drills,  00  miles  from  Tucson,  A.  T.    Address 

e.  w.  BOWERS, 

Tucson,  A.  T. 


The  I.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

60  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


wMBNUFflCTURERS         OF' 


Stamp  flills,  Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,   Desulphurizing  Furnaces,   Etc. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contained,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Hills  for  Heavy 
Timhers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  and  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self -Contained"  Means  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  and 
Can  Be  Readily  Recogui/.ed  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plant, 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  Mill  a  Largo  Hill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  and  Loss 
Of  Time. 

SECOND:  Tiie  Saving  in  Mill- 
Wright  and  Mechanics'  Labor  in 
Framing    and     Erecting. 

THIRD:  The  Large  Amount  of 
Space    Saved. 


Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List. — — 

Improved  Self -Contained  Cnshion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill.         ^ — ^CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED, 

Stamp  Mills! 

VULCAN  WIRE  ROPEWAY 


For  Conveying  Ore,  Cord  wood,  Etc. 


Snyder  Mine. 
Kexnett,  Cal. 
In    reply   to  in- 
quiry as   to    how 
Tramway    is    do-   ^^^H 

ins-,  am  prepared    -X  -r  '—"-.;'       ~  f     ' ''  ,  "    :z=_ 

to   state    that    it     — '""-'  '-mF  t^^^mj.ur)  ir*<5*-^r*^^^mi 

has  given  ENTIRE  SATISFACTION  IN  EVERY  PARTICULAR. 

Jtjdkins  Tramway  Co..  Pomeroy,  wash. 

It  will  give  11s  great  pleasure  to  recommend  your  Ropewav  and 
your  Company  as  well  to  any  persons  who  may  be  thinking:  of 
erecting-  Ropeways. 

Sax  Andreas,  Dukango,  Mexico.  March,  20, 1894. 
I  desire  by  this  letter  to  testify  that  the  Vulcan  Wire  Ropeway 
furnished  to  this  Company  by  your  Works,  and  erected  by  your 
engineer.  B.  Mclntire,  is  of  the  very  best  class,  and  has  given  us 
entire  satisfaction  since  its  installation. 

ANTONIO  H.  PAREDES,  Director  S.  A.  dela  S.  M.  Co. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135-145  Fremont  St,,  San  Francisco. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 

Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readily  eon- 
form  to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt  trans- 
versely two 
feet  apart, 
there  is  a 
space  of  one 
inch,   contain- 

_--_.    inS     twenty 

' X      rilrtes  !  -;W  <H 
an     inch     in 

: ^='      depth.    This 

tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on   the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
tine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a   belt  with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Hutlding San  Francisco. 


May  11    1895. 
-i ■* — ijnr  nvi*r*~""*-**** 


*   »??  FOR  ALU  PURPOSES  S. 

wi  ^E.  I^opeT^amvvaYs 

TRENTON-M-Cr 

-*  TRENTON,  N.J  .*• 
N.Y.ornet 
COOPER.HEVVITT&CO.-I7  BURLING  SLIP 
it  An 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pkess. 


801 


Selby  Smelting      i 
Lead  Company, 

4  i  li  Montgomery  Street,  sun  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

ANIi 

Assay     Office. 

HIGHEST  PRICES    PAID  FOR  i;OLD,  SILVER 
kND  LEAD  ORES  A.\'l>  sri.PIIURETS. 

Manufacturers  of 

HI.IJESTOXE,     LEAD    I'll'K.    SIIRF.T    I. HAD, 
SHOT.  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 

SI  -AMIAItll     SHOT-GUN     CAIiTlllIXiKS, 

Under  Chamberlla  Patent. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

Mine  and  7W ill    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
i  ihemical  Apparatus. 

r/.i  X  UT,  First  St.,  for.  Mission,  Sun  FrancfRCO, 

We  would  rail  the  attention    -^       ^^. 
,r  .\ssa\crs,  Chemists,  Min-Ccj^cu^Z~V 
leg  (Companies,  Milling  Com. 
panics.  Prospectors,  etc.,  tc 
our  run  siock  or   Balances, 

Kiirnacrs.M  littles.  Cruel  1  lies, Scoriflers,  etc. 
lucluding,  also,  a  lull  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  llrst  discovery  of  mines 
on  i ii<-  I'aciiie  Coast,  we  feel  confident  rrom 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
Cor  these  goods,  both  us  lo  Quality  and 
price. 
►  Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for  tin*  Morgan  Crurible  Co..  Buttersea, 
luif-'laml.  Also  for  F,.  C  Denniston's  Sil- 
er  Plated  Amalgam  Flutes.  The  plates  of  this 
'ell-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
nd  roll  weight  of  Silver  guaranteed,  orders 
liken  al  Ins  lowest  prices.  Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
lytic and  Assay  Tables  senl  free  ou  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


Power, 
Tlining,    Hilling, 
Smelting,    Concentration 
and  Leaching  machinery;  Re= 
turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me= 
chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting   Engines 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried= 
Ier    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines 
Cornish  Pumps,   Roots  Blowers,  Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,   Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers 
Crushing    Rolls,    Stamp    Mills,    Shoes  ' 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional' 
Hachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 
Concrete   Mixers,   Heavy  Ha= 
chinery  and   Mine    Sup 
plies.  =  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  III.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng.  , 

Branch  Offices:  2  Wall  St.,  New  York;  City  of  Mexico,  Alex.- 
527  '7th  St.,  Denver,  Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


IT 
I 


!oN^f|§f 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


MANUFACTU  R  ERS     OP  - 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  riotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


OFFICE     MIND     \A/ORKS: 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  icquired 

♦»  A     SPECIALTY.  ♦♦  ♦ 

34     and     36     Main     Street,      San     Francisco,     Cal. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  i860. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps,, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 


San  Franeiseo.  Cal.. 

Denver,  Col 

New  York  City  , . 


.31  Main  Street. 


D.  li.  HANSON.  Manager. 


1316  Eighteenth  street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL.  Agent. 


26    ('..Million    Street. 

P.  A.  LARK1N,  Manager. 

Chicago,  III 50!)  ITnme  Ins.  ISnllriing. 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

M  inneitpol  is,  M  inn .416  Corn  Exchange. 

J.  P.  HAHKISON.  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Reliance  Works. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  flACHINERY. 


NOTICE    XO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

INQUARTS5,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■  — t   /\T   REDUCED   PRICES,  i— ■ 

Our  plates  arc  guaranteed,  arid  bv  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  iu  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replaieu.  bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDFRS  PILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

v-  nrrtTTf177X'JP*-  Incorporated-  -^SSSBsbw-"'' 

*r  send  for  circulars.  68,  TO  ana  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,  ^ 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  *■■ 
Mining  flaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF — U    ; 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH, 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces, 


3<>2 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  11,  1895. 


Market  Reports. 

The  Markets. 


San  Fkanoisco,  May  t),  lSi)5. 
There  is  little  of  change  to  note  in  any  of 
the  metal  markets  or  product  prices  during 
the  week.     The  silver  "market"  is  rising  to 
the  dignity  of  a  national  political  topic  and 
will  dominate  all  issues  in  the  coming  party 
campaign.      Copper   has    appreciated   a    few 
points  in  price;  lead,  at  brokers' quotations, 
remains  below  the  three-cent  level. 
New  York  Metal  Market. 
New  York,   May  9.  —  PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@13.00e. 
COPPER— Brokers',  9.75c;  exchange,  9.85c. 
LEAD— Brokers',  S3. 95;  exchange,  S3. 07%. 
TIN— Straits,  14.35@14.45c. 
SPELTER— Domestic,  $3.30. 

New  York  Silver  FrlceB. 
New  Yoke,  May  9. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, Silver  in . 

London.    N.  Y.     Copper.      Lead. 

Friday SOX       66H  8  75         

Saturday 30%       B6&  9  75         3  07)4 

Monday 30H        66&  

Tuesday 30«       66H         

Wednesday 30S       67  9  75        3  07!4 

Thursday 30X       67H 

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime .  .6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 7 

New  York  Sight  Dratt 50 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 7S4o 

London  Bankers'  60  days W-88V4 

London  Merchants 84.86 

London  Sight  Bankers W.89& 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 67^c 

Mexioan  Dollars,  nominal 64@54{4 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 
ANTIMONY. 

Perlb —    @      10 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  oar  lots —    @       5^4 

Powdered,         "     —    @       5H 

Concentrated,  "     —    @       5 

COPPER. 

Bolt &&5-16,  17o ;  %  and  larger,  16c 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 18    @     — 

Ingot,  jobbing —    @      14 

Ingot,  wholesale 13   @     12 

Sheet  copper —    ©     17 

TIN  PLATE. 

p»r  bx 535    <a  6  00 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 15    <a    16  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00    @16  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00   @18  00 

STEEL. 

English.lb 14    @      16 

LEAD. 

Pig -    @      390 

Bar —    @      4  00 

Sheet —    @     525 

Pipe —    ®      4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  bag  of  25  lbs. .  .$1  20 

Drop,  B  and  larger  sizes,  "  "     ...  145 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do.     "  "     ...  145 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    (g> 

COAL. 

SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington J  8  00 

Greta 7  75 

Nanaimo 

Gilman 

Seattle 

Coos  Bay 

Cannel 

Egg,  hard 

Wallsend 

Scotch  Splint 

Brymbo 

West  Hartley 

TO  ARRIVE— PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @ 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00  @ 

Scotch  Splint 650  @ 

CardiH 650  ® 

Lehigh  Lump 15  00  @ 

Cumberland  , 11  00  @ 

Egg,  hard 12  00  @ 

West  Hartley 700  @ 

COKE. 

Gas  Companies' 75c 

English,  to  load 9  00  @ 

"        spot,  in  bulk @ 

"        in  saoks @ 

Cumberland 9  00  @ 

LUMBER. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  — WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Pluming 17  00    @ 

Pine 13  00    @ 

Spruce 25  00    @ 

NAILS. 

Wire -:. 

Cut 

ZINC. 
Sheet 8M@ 


6  50 
6  00 

6  25 
5  50 

10  50 
12  50 

7  50 
7  50 

7  50 

8  75 


»  bbl 

10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


18  00 
30  00 


SI  75 
1  55 


Mining  Share  Market. 

San  Francisco,  May  9,  1895. 

Everything  in  the  shape  of  mining  stock 
slumped  during  the  week,  whether  because  of 
encouraging  reports  from  the  mines  or  in  spite 
of  such  news,  being  as  much  a  matter  of  opin- 
ion as  of  fact.  Even  Hale  &  Norcross,  which 
has  been  buoyed  up  by  expectation  of  the  long- 
delayed  decision,  shared  in  the  general  droop. 
The  weak  and  weary  character  of  the  daily 
transactions  in  the  San  Francisco  Stock  Ex- 
change contrast  sharply  and  strangely  with 
the  stir  in  nearly  every  other  mining  stock 
exchange.  In  all  other  cities  there  is  a  gen- 
eral advance ;  here  there  is  a  general  decline. 
Though  the  working  of  the  mines  and  the 
working  of  the  street  are  not  generally  sup- 
posed to  have  much  in  common,  yet  it  is  be- 
lieved that  the  recent  control  of  the  Sutro 
tunnel  by  a  new  company  credited  with  some 
enterprise,  could  be  the  cause  of  co-operation 
and  mutual  profit. 

The  new  owners  of  the  Sutro  tunnel  are 
said  to  have  almost  unlimited  capital.  They 
should  push  an  exploring  drift  out  into  the 
section  of  country  lying  immediately  west  of 
the  Comstock.  While  immense  sums  of  money 
have  been  expended  in  exploring  the  country 
north  and  south  on  the  line  of  the  lode,  but 
little  has  been  done  to  the  westward  except 
the  surface  scratching  of  the  pioneers  in  the 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled'  Every  Tlmrsctny  from  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Francisco  Journals 


Company  and  Location.  No.    Amt. 

Alta  MCOiNev 49.... 10c. 

Andes  S  M  Co,  Nev; 41,...  15c. 

Brunswick  Con  G  M  Co.  Cal —  8 —  2c. 

H  P  Taylor  M  Co,  Cal — ....  4c  . 

Justice  M  Co,  Nev :69....10c. 

Occidental  Con  M  Co,  Nev 18 — 10c. 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 65.... 250.. 

Overman,  Nev ~73 — 10c 

Savage  M  Co,  Nevada 86 — 20c. . 

Yellow  Jacket,  Nev 59.... 25c. 


Company  and  Location. 
Gold  Ridge  Con  M  &  M  Co. . 


ASSESSMENTS.     ' 
Levied,  Deling' t  and 

.May   6,  Jun  11,  July 
.  .May   1,  Jun     1,  Jun 

Mar  20,  Apr  20,  May 
.Apr  19,  May  31,  Jul 

May  7,  Jun  11,  Jun 
.Mar  20,  Apr  23,  May 
.April  4,  May  7,  May 
.Apr  15,  May  21,  Jun 
.Apr  19,  May  22,  Jun 
.Apr    15,  May  SI,  Jun 


Sile.  Secretary. 

3 J  E  Jacobus ,  309  Montgomery 

17 J  W  Twiggs,  309  Montgomery 

15 J  Stadtfeld  Jr,  309  Montgomery 

26 J  Henry  Smith,  431  California 

28 RE  Kelly,  309  Montgomery 

15 A  K  Durbrow,  309  Montgomery 

27 E  B  Holmes,  50  Nevada  Block 

11 Geo  D  Edwards,  414  California 

11 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

26 W  H  Blauvelt,  35  Mills  Building 


MEETING. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F. 
.  R  H  Daley,  216  Post 


Date. 
May  20 


early  days.  The  "west  country"  contains 
many  lodes  that  crop  boldly  above  the  sur- 
face." Some  of  'these  are  immense,  and  all 
show  more  or  less  well  in  the  precious  metals 
— mostly  in  gold — at  the  surface.  This  ground 
back  of  the  west  wall  of  %he  Comstock  was 
very  wet  in  the  early  days.  The  shafts  sunk 
by  the  prospectors  who  maide  locations  on  the 
veins  of  that  section  soon  .encountered  water. 
Then  short  drain  tunnels  ."were  run.  As  few 
of  these  tapped  the  veins  for  which  they  were 
run  at  a  greater  depth  "than  from  fifty  to 
eighty  feet,  they  were  of  little  use,  further 
than  that  some  of  them  furnished  a  supply  of 
water  for  use  in  the  town  for  a  time.  For 
over  thirty  years  all  this  region  of  unexplored 
country  has  lain  as  left, by  the  pioneers.  Now 
it  may  be  easily  and  cheaply  drained  and  pros- 
pected to  an  immense  -depth  by  running  a 
drift  into  it  from  the  Sutro  tunnel.  The  old 
owners  of  the  Sutro  tunnel  were  always  talk- 
ing of  exploring  this  region,  but  all  ended  in 
talk.  It  is  the  very  biggest  thing  in  sight  for 
the  new  company.  The  running  of  an  explor- 
ing drift  would  not  interfere  in  the  least  with 
the  working  of  low-grade  deposits  at  the 
front  of  the  lode.  The  veins  -of  the  "west 
country"  are  supposed  to  be  gold-bearing,  as 
gold  predominates  in  the  croppings.  If  so, 
they  can  undoubtedly  he  made  to  pay,  as  such 
ores  may  be  cheaply  concentrated  if  found  to 
be  of  low  grade.  Prom  the  croppings  of  one  of 
the  veins,  the  Cole,  several  hundred  thousand 
dollars  in  gold  was  taken  at  a  time  when  min- 
ing, milling  and  all  else  was  very  costly.  To 
open  up  the  "west  country  "  would  be  to  give 
the  Comstock  a  new  lease  of  life.  In  running 
a  tunnel  west  there  would  also  be  a  chance  of 
finding  rich  veins  that  do  not  show  on  the  sur- 
face. 

The  Justice  Mining  Company  re-elected  the 
old  management — August  Waterman  presi- 
dent, R.  E.  Kelly  secretary,  R.  P.  Keating 
superintendent. 

Shipping  Con.'  Cal.  and  Va.  dre  to  the  Mor- 
gan mill  for  reduction  was  resumed  during 
the  week. 

Mining  assessments  falling  delinquent  this 
month  amount  to  $101,020;  California  mines 
ask  for  SU,70D  and  Nevada  mines  §89,320. 

A  statement,  of  the  cash  balances  of  the  fol- 
lowing mining  companies  on  the  first  Monday 
of  May  is  appended : 


BODIE  MINES. 

Bodie $  6,239 

Bulwer 4,026 

Mono 3,115 

Standard 33,994 

Syndicate 795 

WASHOE  MINES. 

Alpha $3,866 

Alta 1,282 

Andes 2.122 

Belcher 9,116 

Best  &  Belcher. . . .    6,464 

Bullion  ., 6,837 

Caledonia 2,998 

Challenge 1,373 

Chollar 3,842 

Con.  Cal&Va 52,259 

Confidence 6,301 

Con.  Imperial 518 

Con.  New  York, . . .     1,776 
Crown  Point 12,113 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


East  Sierra  Nev..  $134 

Exchequer 2,299 

Gould  &  Curry 9,610 

Hale&  Norcross..  9,896 

Julia    :..  1,687 

Justice 573 

Kentuck 2,623 

Lady  Wash'n 1,741 

Mexican 6,232 

Ophir 637 

Overman 2,765 

Occidental „.  1,760 

Potosi 14,316 

Savage 2,147 

Scorpion 657 

Seg  Belcher 6,342 

Silver  Hill 1,248 

Sierra  Nevada 14,507 

Union  Con 8,453 

Utah 1,273 


Mines. 

2 

9 

$      09 

20 

64 

74 

.  1  10 

Bullion 

Chollar 

44 
1  25 
3  00 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 
Consolidated  New  York 

2  85 

59 

45 
1  50 

77 
1  45 

Potosi 

28 
77 
47 

Union 

70 
46 

Utah . . 
Yellow  Jacket. 


San  Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  May  9, 1895, 
9:30  a.  m.  session. 


Andes 18 

Belcher 56 

Best  &  Belcher. . .  70 

68 

Bodie 1  10 

Bulwer 11 

Caledonia 07 

Crown  Point 48 


100  Con  Cal  &  Va 2 

300  Mexican 

2i«  Occidental 

100  Ophir 1 

200  Savage 

50  Sierra  Nevada 

50  Union. 

100  Yellow  Jacket.... 


SECOND  SESSION— 2:30  P.  M. 


Alpha 06 

Best  &  Belcher....    69 

Bodie 1  10 

Bullion 14 

Bulwer 13 

Challenge 84 

Con  Cal  &  Va 2  85 

Exchequer 02 

Mexioan 69 

Oooidental. ..."...".    28 


100. 

150  Ophir 

150  Overman 

200  Potosi 

100  Savage. 

300  S.  B.  &  M. 

100 

100  Sierra  Nevada... . 
300  Union 


Assessment  Notices. 


OVERMAN  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY —Loca- 
tion of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco, 
California.  Location  of  works,  Gold  Hill,  Storey 
county,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meetlngr  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  loth  day  of  April. 
1895,  an  assessment.  No.  7o,  of  ten  cents  (10c.)  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  Gold 
Coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  offlee  of  the  Company, 
No.  414  California  street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  21st  day  of  May,  1896,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  11th  day  of  June,  1895,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  tog-ether  with  costs  of 
advertising:  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  D.  EDWARDS,  Secretary. 

Office— No.  414  California  street,  San  Francisco, 
California. 


H.  P.  TAYLOR.  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  Of 
principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Location  of  works.  Liberty  Mining  District, 
Siskiyou  county,  California. 

Notice  1b  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  nineteenth  day  of 
April,  1395,  an  assessment  of  Four  (4e)  cents  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  In  United  StateB 
gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  ihe  office  of  the  com- 
pany. 39  Merchanis'  Exchange,  431  California  street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re 
main  unpaid  on  the  tfiirty-first  day  of  May,  1895, 
will  be  delinquent.  aud~advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  vwenty-slxth  day  of  July,  1895, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  HENRY  SMITH,  Secretary. 

Office:  39  Merchants'  Exchange,  431  California 
St.,  San  Francisco. 


ALTA  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works,  GoUl  Hill,  Gold  Hill 
Milling  District.  Storey  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  Oih  day  of  May, 
1895,  an  assessment  {No.  -IS')  of  10  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  Immediately  In  United  Slates  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company 
Roo  ii  No.  S3.  Nevada  Block.  No.  3U9  Montgomery 
Btreet,  San  Frauclsco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  11th  day  of  June.  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  puollc  auc- 
tion, and  unless  payment  la  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  ibe  2d  day  of  July.  1895.  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  E.  JACOBUS,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  No.  33.  Nevada  BlocK.  No.  309Mont- 
gomery  Street,  San  Francisco.  California. 

ANDES  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia: location  of  works.  Virginia  City.  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  first  (1st)  day  "of  May. 
1895.  an  assessment  (No.  41>  of  Fifteen  H5c)  Cents 
per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany. Rooms  20-22  Nevada  Block,  309  Montgomery 
Btreet.  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  first  (1st)  day  of  June.  18S5.  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction,  and,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  M  NDAY,  the  seventeenth  (17'h)  day  of 
June,  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
sale.    By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

JOHN  W.  TWIGGS,  Secretary. 

Office— Rooms  20-22  Nevada  Block,  San  Francisco 
California. 


ANNUAL  MEETING. 

The  Regular  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Stockholders 
of  the  Gold  Ridge  Consolidated  Mining  and  Mill- 
ing Company  will  be  held  at  the  office  of  the  Com- 
pany, No.  216  Post  street,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia, on  Monday,  the  20th  day  of  May,  1895,  at  the 
hour  af  3  P.  M.,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  a  Board 
of  Directors  to  serve  for  the  ensuing  year,  and  the 
transaction  of  such  business  as  may  come  before 
the  meeting. 

Transfer  books  will  close  on  Friday,  May  17,  at 
1  o'clock  p.  m.     RICHARD  PHELAN,  President. 
R.  H.  DALEY,  Secretary. 

Office,  216  Post  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


THE  CALIFORNIV  DEBRIS  COMMISSION,  hav 
ing  received  applications  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic 
process  from  T.  G.  Phelps,  In  the  Liberty  Hill  mine. 
Nevada  Co.,  and  John  Spaulding,  In  the'  Polar  Star 
mine,  near  Dutch  Flat,  Placer  Co.,  to  impound  tail- 
ings behind  the  Liberty  Hill  dam,  In  Bear  river; 
and  from  Ah  Wing,  in  the  St.  Lawrence  mine,  near 
Moores  Flat,  Nevada  Co..  to  Impound  tailings  be- 
hind brush  dam  In  Illinois  canyon,  gives  notice  that 
a  meeiing  will  be  held  at  Room  92,  Flood  Building. 
San  Francisco.  Cal.,  on  Mav  13.  1895.  at  1:30  P.  M. 

I RUPTURE! 


IT  has  been  considered  by  the  medical 
profession  that  hernia — commonly  called 
rupture — was  incurable,  except  by  surgi- 
cal operation,  which  is  both  dangerous 
to  life  and  very  rarely  ever  successful.  But 
DR.  J.  C.  ANTHONY,  of  86  and  87  CHRONI- 
CLE BUILDING,  has  opened  a  new  field  for 
research,  and  for  the  past  year  has  been  mak- 
ing some  remarkable  cures.  He  causes  the 
patient  no  pain,  and  those  living  near  enough 
do  not  lose  any  time  only  while  in  his  office 
once  or  twice  weekly.  He  guarantees  every 
case  he  treats,  and  does  not  ask  a  man  for  a 
dollar  unleBS  he  cures  him,  so  there  can  be  u 
chance  of  any  one  being  cheated.  The  doctor 
Is  a  graduate  of  Bellevue  Hospital  ftledica 
College,  of  New  York  City. 


ELECTRIC  TELEPHONE 

Sold  outright,  no  rent,  no  royalty.    AdnpfeS 
to  City,  Village  or  Country.    Needed  in  every 
home,  shop,  store  and  office.  Greatest  conven- 
ience and  best  seller  on  earth. 
.isents  mahe  from  $5  to  850  per  day. 
One  in  a  residence  means  a  sale  to  all  tno 
I  neighbors.    Fine  instruments,  no  toys,  works 
I  Bnywhere,  nny  distance.   Complete,  ready  for 
j  nse  when  shipped.    Can  be  pat  np  by  cny  one* 
1  never  out  of  order,  no  repairing,  lasts  a  lifa 
time.   Warrnnted.    A  money  maker.    Writ© 

»  W.  P.  Harrison  &  Co.,  Clerk  10,  Columbus,  0\ 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Mantl 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manil 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc,  etc.  -es?~Extr 
sizes  and  lengths  made  to  order  on  short  notio 

611    and  61»  FRONT  ST..  San  Francisco.  Cal 


INVENTORS,       TaKe       Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

226  Market  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinda 
of  models.  Tin  and  brasawork.  All  communica- 
tions ntHctly  eoriftdentiit . 


SnWELL  MACHINERY^* 

.All  klnrtaof  tool-.  Koriune  lori  hedriller  by  using  our 
Adamantine  process;  cu  n  <  ake  a  core.  Perfecled  Econom- 
ical Artesfn.il  Pumpintr  Kiirn  !<■  work  bv  Steam,  Air,  cic. 
Ut  whelp. Yon.  THE  AM  PHI  CAN  WEI. I.  WOKK*. 
4«ror*.    I II. i     «'htee<r«.    tll.i     Dalle*.   1  *x. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAM  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

053  and  G55  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  G.  UENNISTON,      -  Proprietor 

Every  description  nf  work  plated      Send  for  Circular. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


May    11,  1395. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


:j'i3 


List  of   U.    5.   Patents   for    Pacific 
Coast   Inventors. 

Beporlnl    bj    Ucwej    Jt    Co.,    Ploae«r    Patau  I 
Nolloltori  fur  I'tti-IMr  (<ihh(. 


i ..it  n krk  un>uca  ipril  80,  it 

-  BATH  CABIVBT—E     1».    Atiilriiss,    SeMtle, 

Wash. 
&38,690.— W bkkch— Bourn  &  Hnle,  Gualala,  Cal. 

Wave  Motor— P.  BrelteDBteio,  Klamath 

Falls  -  ii 

\m.\ii;\mu'u|{.. G   W  Uowdh, Porl Town* 
Bend   \\  aab 
.a-ir:     bog <  itohkh    p  s    Urlver  Saor&mento, 

n  \-mi .ii.ti  i     appar  iTCs    W,     B.    Par 
9   i 
ii  1 1.  sa\  bh— Annie  Glud,  Oakland,  Cal 
Rock    Cri  bhjcb— J.    H.     ETJnkead,    Vlr 
Ktuia, 

li.h  Seymour,  s.  P 
i'himim.  Ptticsa  h  Swain, 8,  P. 
Fan  roH  Rocking  Oraira    .)     Welgel 

-  I 

Btrp    Laddrr— Frank    White,    Pomona,, 
-■iii 

Copies  "t  i1    s   autl  PoreUrn  patents  fur- 

■  .■.-.  a  c be  shortest  time  possible 

>■.   mall    for   v  irder)      American   and 

.    ■  -.i ii  •  a  .i mi  .Ti.n .ii  paieni  ttusl- 

vat   roi    Paoiflc  Couut  Inventors   transacted  witb 

n  rfeci  security,  ai   reaa  insble   rates    and  in  the 

possible  lime. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through   Dewey  &    Co.'a    Scientific    Press 

U.    S.   and,.  Foreign   Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention  : 

STBP-LAriDKR.— Frank  White,  Pomona,  Cal, 
No.  538,570,  Dated  April  30,  1895.  This  in- 
vention relates  to  that  class  of  step-ladders  in 
which  the  legs  are  connected  at  their  upper 
ends  to  the  ladder,  by  means  of  a  freely  play- 
ing joint,  or  such  a  combination  uf  hinges  as 
will  enable  them  to  be  moved  independently 
of  one  another  and  in  either  direction  with 
rasped  to  the  plane  of  the  ladder.  The  point 
of  improvement  consists  chiefly  in  indepen- 
dently muving  legs  connected  at  their  upper 
ends  to  the  ladder,  one  behind  the  other,  in 
the  central    transverse   plane  of   the   ladder. 


The  object  of  this  improvement  is  to  provide 
for  the  greatest  safety,  durability  and 
strength,  combined  with  perfect  adjustability 
under  all  clrcu instances,  and  automatic  action 
in  the  ladder,  in  fitting  Itsell  to  whatever 
surface  it  may  be  upon, 

W  w  t:  Motor.  Paul  Breitensteiu,  Klamath 
Flails,  Or.,  assignor  of  one-hall  to  Anton  Glock, 
Oakland,  Col.  No,  538,498  Dated  April  80, 
1805.  Tins  Invention  consists  of  an  apparatus 
which  is  designed  t<<  transmit  motion  and 
power  from  a  float  which  is  actuated  by  the 
rise  and  fall  of  the  waves  so  thai  machinery 
may  be  actuated  by  the  power  thus  trans- 
mitted, it  consists  of  a  rocking  or  tilting 
float  with  vertical  guides  between  which  its 
movable  parallel  shafts  journal  in  stationary 
supports,  gear-wheels  lixed  to  said  shafts  eu- 
gaging  with  each  other,  drums  turning  loosely 
U |. nmi  the  shafts  and  pawl  and  ratchet  mechan- 
isms by  which  the  drums  are  eugaged  to  ro- 
tate both  shafts  when  turned  in  oue  direction 
and  released  when  turned  in  the  Opposite  di- 
rection, and  ropes  or  chains  connected  with 
npDnsite  ends  of  the  Hoat,  each  set  of  ropes 
passing  over  the  drums  nearest  their  point  of 
attachment  to  the  Boal  and  then  beneath  the 
drums  upon  the  adjacent  shaft  and  over  pul- 
leys  to  counterbalance  weights  whereby  the 
upward  movement  of  either  end  of  the  float 
acts  to  rotate  the  two  shafts  continuously. 

l'i  j  i  s  w  i \<.    Appliance     for    Grates.  - 
Auuie    Glud,    Oakland,     Cal.      No.     538,511. 
Dated  April  :tu,  L895.     The  object  of   this  in- 
vention is  to  provide  a  device  which,  when 
fitted  into  a  grate,  so  changes  the  currents  of 
the  draft  with  relation  to  the  fuel  as  to  make 
a  perfect  combustion,  not  only  of  the  body  of 
the  fuel,  but  of   the   smoke  and   gases  which 
ordinarily  escape  therefrom,    and   to  make  a 
more  constant  fire  and  increase  the  duration. 
It  consists  of  a  tight   box   having  a   bottom, 
back  and  ends,   and  adapted   to  fit  into  the 
grate  with  the   front  and    top  open,    so   that 
I  when  the  fuel  is  placed  in   the   grate  and  ig- 
nited, there  will  be  a  sort  of  downward  draft 
from  the  front  and    top,    passing  through  the 
fuel,  and  thence  up  in  the  rear  portion   of  the 
box  to  the  chimney.     After  the  fuel  becomes 
ignited  and  incandescent,  all    the  smoke  and 
I  gases  of  combustion  are  drawn  down    by  this 
[  action  and   again   passed   through   the  mean- 
!  descent  fuel  whereby  a  much  more  complete 
1  combustion  is  produced. 


STEAM  ENGINEERING 

{.Stationary    Coco/not ■  /.    -.  ■  Mechanical   D tng;    k'ttctrictfu:     irchl- 

... 
mental  a\  j 

;  i  oal  (ind  Vetal   m  . 
stud       ■  mako  rapid  progress  In  learning   to  Dra«   and   Letter     The  Steam 

Engineering  u so  In  Intended  to  qualify  m  cure    i  ,lci  qsi  -      Send  tor  Free 

Circular,  stating  the  subject  von  wish  to  study,  u> 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranlon,  Pa. 


TAUGHT 

■       BY 

mi 

"».-CTlCI- 


.INSULATING  TAPE 

P.  &  B.  ARMATURE  VARNISH. 

'electrical  COMPOUND. 


STANDARD  OF  EXCELLENCE — USED  IN  ALL  FIRST-CLASS  ELECTRICAL  WORK. 


Samples  and  Circulars  on  application. 


P  A 1?  A  ECTWE  P  A  INT  Cfi  m  BATTERY  street,  san  franusco. 

lilI\Arrii>C   liUNi    LU.  m  SOUTH  BROADWAY,  LOS  ANGELES. 

Sole  Manufacturers  of  P.  &  B  Paints,  Roofing,  Building  Papers. 


CAS  CAST  WATElT  W  H  E  EL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 


American  Girard  Water  Wheel. 

Adaptable  to  all  heads  between  30  feet  and 
2000  feet,  particularly  where  economy  in 
the  use  of  watc  and  fine  regulation  are  de- 
sired as,  for  instance,  the  operation  of  elec- 
tric dynamos. 

Girard  Water  Wheel  Co., 

34  MAIN  STREET,  -  -  SAN   FRANCISCO,  CAL.,   U.  S.  A. 


Vulcanized  Fiber  Valves 
Ordinary  Rubber  Valves, 

For  Hot  or  Cold  Water. 

Pure  Rubber  Air  Pump  Valves. 
Combination  Ring  Packing 

For  Piston  Rods  of  Bt-eln--R, 

Steam.  Water  or  Amnio, ila 

Pumps. 

flax  packing 

AND  ALT 

ENGINEERS'     SUPPLIES. 

Write  for  references,  prices  and  discount  to 

M.    PICKTHALL    &    CO. 

OFFICK  ANU  FACTORY: 

509-513  MISSION  STREET SAH  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Telephone  No.  1550. 


Celebrated  Boiler  Compound 

FOB 

Removing  or  Preventing  Seal«, 

Corrosion  and  Pitting  Ml 

Steam  Boilers. 

Will  save  its  cost  in  fuel,  boiler  re- 
pairs or  labor. 


LEVER  THROTTLE  VALVES 


If  you  want  a  quick-opening  valve  for  Steam, 
Water,  Oil,  etc.,  try  "  Lunkenhelmer's"  Lever 
Throttle  Valve.  Warranted  the  simplest,  best 
and  most  durable  Quick-Opening  valve  made. 
An  excellent  Throttle  for  Traction  Engines,  etc. 

Specify  and  insist  upon  "  Lunkenhelmer's." 
None  genuine  without  otir  name.  Write  for 
catalogue  of  superior  Specialties  for  Engine 
and  Boiler  purposes,  Valves,  Lubricators,  Oil 
Cups,  Grease  Cups,  Whistles,  Cocks,  etc. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  eastings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

fi.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Special  attention  given  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN  A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USED.THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH,  r— «    - 

CAPACITIES  iso tons'}  different 

WnrnuiiiLW    per  HOUR.)       siZESv 


Stamp  Cam. 


DROP  FORGED  rilNER'S  SPOON. 


sample  t>y   /vlall,  lOc. 


THIS  CUT 

ONE ■ HALF 

SIZE. 


GENERAL  M IKING  MACHINERY 


OF  EVERY   DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,  King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinery. 

Dept.  "M,"650ElstonAve. 

CHICAGO,  ILLS.,  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS 


. -lariufactured     by    COLUMBUS    BOLT    WORKS,     Columbus,    Ohio. 


NEW    YORK, 
136    LIBERTY   ST, 


LONDON,  C.   C, 
73   A   QUEEN    VICTORIA   ST. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY   OF   MEXICO, 
B    CALLE    D£    GANTe 


304 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  11,  1895. 


ER     4000     IIN     ACTUAL     USE. 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 18S0;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


Price  of  4-foot  wide  Plain  Erne  Tanner  . 

"           "           "       Improved  Belt  Erue  Vanner, 
"      6-foot     "       Plain  Belt  Frue  Vanner 


For  any  information,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 

(Successor   to  Adams  &  Carter,) 

AGENT  FOR  THE 

FRUE  ORE   CONCENTRATOR, 

132   MARKET   ST., 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY.  FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal,  I 

C.  J.  Clark,  M.  E.,  Gen'l,  Supt.  Dec.  12.  1891.     f 

MESSRS.  ADAMS  fc  CARTER,  San  Francisco.  Cal.— Dear  SIRS:  During-  my  experience  in 
mining- and  milling-,  I  have  used  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  on  different 
kinds  of  ore,  both  g-old  and  silver.  I  have  made  competitive  teats  against  them  with  other 
widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Frue  in  first  place.  When  I 
built  this  mill  t2U  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  in  order  to  save  apace  and 
machinery.  I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going-  for 
Twelvemonths.  They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stamps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fifty 
tons  per  day.  aud  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.  They  require  no  more  attention 
than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.  I  have  run  them  up  to 
SO  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.  They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as 
the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacity  with  the  same  bearing^  and 
wearing-  parts,  requiring-  no  more  oil.  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 
My  repair  account  for  the  past  six  mouths  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.  In  order  to 
give  an  idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing- here,  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 
from  $5  to  S20  per  ton  and  the  tailings  from  nothing  to  GO  els.  per  ton.  I  will  conclude  by 
saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highly,  and  it  is  the  only  table 
that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.  C.  J.  CLARK,  Gen'l  Supt. 


HAVE  YOU   A  fllNE?     If  so  do  not  fail  to  see 

Parke  &  Lacy  Co.'s  Stock  of 

TWINING  MACHINERY 


SOLD  AT  LOW  PRICES. 


£51  and  :23  FVemont  Street, 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


IMPROVED    CRAWFORD    MILL 

The  Cheapest  and  Best  Mill  for  extracting  gold  from  comparatively  free  mill  ng  ores. 
Requires  one-third  the  water,  and  three-fourths  the  power  of  stamps.  Costs  less,  is  operated 
cheaper,  and  will  save  20  to  40  per  cent  more  gold.  Average  saving  85  per  cent.  Inexpensive 
foundation.  No  plates  or  screens.  Wear  and  tear  guaranteed  not  to  exceed  thirty  cents  per 
ton.      Capacity   ten    tons.     Full   particulars, 

MECHANICAL  GOLD  EXTRACTOR  COMPANY, 

47     BROADWAY,     INEW     YORK. 


HUNTINGTON 

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER 

Quartz  Mill. 


AND 


OFFICE  and 
BRANCH  WOKES: 

213  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


niNINQ 
MILLING  MACHINERY. 


TUSTIN'S  PULVERIZER, 

WORKS  ORE 

Wet  or  Dry 


m 


s. 


MAIN  WORKS: 
Harbor  View,  San  Francisco. 


T^McGleyB..:  

C^'^l^ofrlPLEST,  MOAT  i  lii.E   AND  CLOSEST  SAVING    AONCENTRATOR    IK  USE       "  v.  ■,  .->,  ..  iki:,:,;.:  ,    ,..,:*,,„,,•. 


re  Concentrator  Company. 


PATENTED  SEPTEMBER  19,  ISflX 

Can  be  seen  in  operation  at  the  Company' i^WBrks,  132 
Main  street,  San  Francisco. 

Office,  116  Davis  Street. 
NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 

S/W/ED 

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 


A  MARVEL  or  Simplicity.  Durability  and  Effectiveness 
combining:  both  Side  and  End  Motion  with  a  Bumping; 
Belt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  belt  and  amount  of  PER- 
CUSSION easily  and  Quickly  regulated,  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  tons.  Only  one-tenth  horse  power 
required.    Adapted  for  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PRICE $350  EACH 

Including-  prepared  canvas  belt  4  ft.  ti  Ins.  wide. 


Palls  Mine.  Igo.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  Mav  25th,  1893. 

The  mcG lew  Concentrator  company:— I  take  much 
pleasure  in  endorsing-  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. When  I  was  requested  to  examine  vour  concen- 
trator. I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring-  that  I  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Frue.  as  after  many  years'  experience 
with  different  concentrators,  I  believed  them  to  be  the 
best. 

Now.  after  a  thorough  trial  of  the  MeGlew  Ore  Concen- 
trator, on  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I  emphatically 
pronounce  It  the  best  concentrator  of  anv  I  have  ever 
used  in  handling-  my  ores.  It  is  doing-  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  every  hour,  dried, 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  *  *  *  from  West  ledgre,  a 
saving- by  your  concentrator  of  94!^  per  cent;  from  East 
ledg-e,  *  *  *  a  saving  of  92  per  cent.  The  concentrator 
runs  very  .easy  and  requires  but  sllg-ht.  attention.  One 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker,  crusher  and  concentrator. 

You  have  a  g-ood  concentrator,  and  it  can  be  relied  upon 
to  handle  any  ore  that  will  concentrate.  I  most  heartily 
recommend  it  to  the  mining:  public.  Yours  respectfully, 
E.  L.  B ALLOC  Propr.  Ballou  Reduction  Works. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLUBLE   I.XX. 
Number  20. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  MAY  18,  1895. 


THREE    DOLLARS    PICK    ANNUM. 
Single  CoptBSi  Teu  Cents. 


How  Coal  Is  Handled   Here. 

The  great  amount  of  coal  that  is  annually  brought 
to  this  city  by  the  fleet  of  steamers  plying  between 
here  and  the  northern  mines  constitutes  an  important 


two  steamers,  the  Wellington  and  Costa,  each  carry-  !  in  this  city;  700  men  are  employed  in  and  about  the 
rag  2400  tons,  are  constantly  in  transit.  The  firm's  I  mines,  and,  including  all  employes,  there  are  over 
coal-handling  plant   in  this  city  includes  two   bunk-  j  1000  names  on  the  payroll. 

ers,  one  290x36  feet,  the  other  240x60,  each  capable!  The  accompanying  illustrations,  for  whose  usewe 
of  holding  over  5000  tons  of  coal.     A  high  bridge  204  '  are  indebted  to  the  courtesy  of   Mr.  Jared  C.  Hoag, 


ARRIVAL     AT    THE    WHARF. 


UNLOADING    THE    COAL. 


MAKING    UP    A  .  COAL    TRAIN. 

item  in  our  industrial  life.  Oregon,  Washington  and 
British  Columbia  furnish  most  of  that  factor  of  com- 
merce, and  its  transit  and  delivery  are  interesting. 
R.  Dunsmuir  &  Sons  have  recently  completed  a 
system  of  handling  coal  here  that  in  magnitude  and 
efficiency  is  unsurpassed  on  this  coast.  They  own 
the  Wellington  mines  on  Vancouver  Island,  B.  C,, 
the  annual  output  of  which  is  450,000  tons..    Their 


feet  long,  across  Steuart  street,  connects  them  with 
the  wharf.  The  complete  electric  system  of  trans- 
mission, just  completed,  enables  them  to  handle  the 
coal  with  an  economy  and  dispatch  that  is  profitable 
and  satisfactory,  the  retailer  and  the  public  sharing 
in  the  accompanying  reduction  in  cost.  The  firm 
does  a  very  large  business,  125  men  and  twenty -four, 
carte  being  daily  busy  delivering  to  the  retail  dealers 


WEIGHING    THE     COAL. 

convey  a  graphic  idea  of  how  the  coal  is  handled.here, 
from  the  time  it  arrives  in  the  hold  of  the  vessel  till 
it  is  shot  from  the  chute  into  the  cart  or  sacked 
ready  for  delivery. 


A  satisfactory  test  for  operating  street  cars  has 
been  made  in.  New  York.  The  power  used  was  com : 
pressed  air;  the  loss  of  power  is  but  twenty- per  cent.- 


8()6 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED     1QOO. 

Oldest  Mining  Journal  on  the  American  Continent. 


iilfice.  .Vo.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Comer  Front,  San  FrancUco, 
tig~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


ANNUAL    SUBSOtUFTION : 

United  States.  Mexico  and  Canada 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 


.$3  00 
..  4  00 


Entered  at  the  S.  F.  Postorfice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


J .  F.  HALLOKAN General  Manager 


California  Coal. 


Though  we  annually  consume  about  1,500,000  tons 
of  coal  in  this  State,  we  annually  produce  less  than 
100,000  tons.  The  great  bulk  is  imported  from 
British  Columbia,  England,  Washington,  Oregon  and 
other  localities.  We  have  coal  in  Amador,  Alameda, 
Contra  Costa,  Humboldt,  Fresno,  Monterey,  Mendo-  I  struction  of  the  law'allows 


San  Francisco,  May  18,  1895. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS.— How  Coal  is  Handled  Here:— Arrival  at  the 
Wharf:  Unloading  the  Coal:  Making  Up  a  Coal  Train;  Weighing 
the  Coal,  305:  Ready  for  the  Retailer:  Part  of  a  Yard.  312.  Prob- 
able Stratification  of  Coal  Measures  in  Corral  Hollow,  306.  Hori- 
zontal Cross-Section  Fourth  Level  Gover  Mine,  Amador  Co. ;  Sec- 
tion of  Melton  Mine,  El  Dorado  Co. :  Plan  of  Cherokee  Mine,  Placer 
Co.;  Plan  of  Flat Ravine  Mine,  Placer  Co.  30S.  Plan  of  Crystal 
Mine,  El  Dorado  Co. :  Vertical  Cross-Section  of  the  Kennedy  Mine. 
Jackson.  Amador  Co.;  Riffle  Used  at  Linden  Mine.  El  Dorado  Co.. 
309.    The  Merralls  Hydraulic  Quartz  Mill,  312. 

EDITORIALS.— How  Coal  is  Handled  Here,  305.  Patenting  Mining 
Claims ;  The  Debris  Commission :  California  Coal;  Miscellaneous, 
306. 

SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS— A  Changing  Map  of  Trade;  Formation 
of  Coal :  Wood  Pulp  for  Horseshoes ;  The  Secor  System:  Shooting 
Stars, 313. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Induced  Draft  for  Steamships; 
Sweeping  with  Compressed  Air;  Low- Water  Alarms;  A  Head- 
light for  Curves;  Perfect  Belt  Transmission;  Titanium  by  Means 
of  the  Electric  Furnace,  313. 

ELECTRIC  PROGRESS.— Whal  Electrical  Engineers  May  Ex- 
pect; Signalling  Through  Space;  Buda-P. sth's Underground  Rail- 
way; Increase  of  Electrical  Railways:  Miscellaneous,  314. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories.  318*19. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Markec;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock'Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings:  Assessments:  Dividends,  etc..  322. 

MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates,  307.  Geology  of  Placer,  El 
Dorado  and  Amador  Counties  308-9.  Coast  Industrial  Notes: 
Personal ;  Obituary,  310.  Notes  on  Recent  Compressed  AirPlants ; 
The  Genesis  of  Ore  Deposits;  The  Oro  Blanco  Country,  311.  The 
Merralls  Mill,  312.  Ball  Bearings:  Decision  Against  the  Cowles 
Electrical  Company;  Too  Much  Tongue,  315.  Recent  Decisions 
on  Mining  Questions:  Gold  in  Iron  Ore,  316.  The  Mineral, Hydro- 
carbons, 320.    Notices  of  Recent  Patents.  323. 


For  the  last  year  the  export  of  silver  bullion  is  by 
a  more  natural  trade  route  than  heretofore,  being 
via  this  city,  Colorado,  Utah  and  New  Mexico  now 
sending  the  bulk  of  their  silver  product  here  for 
refinement  and  transmission.  It  is  probable  that  at 
least  so  long  as  the  Government  is  not  a  purchaser 
the  trend  of  the  business  will  continue  this  way. 

The   Debris  Commission. 


Unusual  interest  attached  to  last  Monday's 
meeting  of  the  U.  S.  Debris  Commission,  at 
which  time,  among  other  applications,  that  of  the 
owners  of  the  Liberty  Hill  mine,  Nevada  Co.,  was 
made.  There  was  also  an  application  from  the  Polar 
Star,  in  Placer  Co.,  the  proposition  in  both  cases 
being  to  raise  the  Liberty  Hill  dam  in  Bear  river  to 
an  extent  sufficient  to  effectually  bar  the  exit  of  any 
debris.  T.  G.  Phelps  appeared  on  behalf  of  the  ap- 
plicants. W.  T.  Phipps  and  R.  T.  Devlin  represent- 
ed the  Anti-Debris  Association.  The  opponents  of 
the  proposition  made  impassioned  harangues,  and 
called  upon  high  Heaven  and  other  places  to  bear 
witness  to  the  proposed  outrage.  Mr.  Phelps  eon- 
tented  himself  with  a  brief  recital  of  facts,  and  said 
it  was  a  matter  that  necessarily  must  be  submitted 
without  argument,  it  being  wholly  for  the  members 
of  the  Commission  to  decide  from  their  own  personal 
judgment  and  observation.     He  said  ; 

"  Our  property  has  been  idle  a  long  time,  and  we 
have  been  under  great  expense.  It  is  the  province 
of  these  engineers  to  determine  the  sufficiencv  of 
dams.  We  will  build  permanent  and  effective  re- 
straining works,  and  the  Commission  can  pass  upon' 
them. 

"  If  these  works  comply  with  the  requirements  of 
the  board  we  have  no  fear  but  we  will  be  allowed  to 
use  them.  The  gentlemen  who  oppose  the  grantiug 
of  this  application  say  that  dams  should  be  built  by 
or  under  the  supervision-  of  those  who  might  be  in- 
jured by  them,  in  case  they  prove  ineffectual.  Now, 
their  engineer,  Mr.  Allardt,  built  this  dam." 

The  applications  in  both  cases  were  refused.  Their 
decision  in  these  matters  is  final,  and  their  action  is 
not  to  be  criticised  nor  controverted,  the  assumption 
being  that  they  act  in  strict  accordance  with  their 
interpretation  of  the  Caminetti  act.  At  the  same 
meeting  three  other  applications  were  granted. 

The  first  suit  under  the  new  law  began  on  the  17th 
inst.  in  the  U.  S.  District  Court  in  this  city,  the 
action  being  brought  by  the  Commission  against  the 
North  Bloomfield  Mining  Co.,  for  alleged  failure  or 
neglect  to  comply  with  one  of  the  provisions  of  the 
law  which  requires  all  hydraulic  mine  managers  and 
owners  whose  property  is  contiguous  to  navigable 
streams  or  their  tributaries  to  file  a  petition  to  have 
such  mine  examined  preparatory  to  operation. 


cino,  Riverside  and  San  Diego  counties,  and  now 
that  there  is  a  general  awakening  to  the  necessity  of 
developing  our  natural  resources,  the  Manufacturers' 
and  Producers'  Association  rightly  reason  that  no 
line  is  of  more  direct  importance  to  the  interests 
they  represent  than  that  of  securing  sufficient  coal 
at  prices  below  what  we  have  hitherto  been  com- 
pelled to  pay. 

For  over  thirty  years  the  existence  of  extensive 
coal  deposits  has  been  known  at  Corral  Hollow, 
Alameda  Co.,  and  considerable  prospecting  has  been 
done,  with  results  commensurate  with  the  amount  of 
effort  involved.  Recently  the  Fuel  Committee  of  the 
Manufacturers'  and  Producers'  Association  was  led 
to  investigate  this  coal  mine  by  reason  of  its  con- 
tiguity to  this  city,  ease  of  access  and  quality  of  its 
output.     The}'  report  as  follows: 

We  visited  the  coal  mines  at  Corral  Hollow,  the  property  of 
the  San  Francisco  and  San  Joaquin  Coal  Company. 

The  coal  mines  are  clearly  traceable  in,  and  include,  a  ter- 
ritory over  six  and  one-half  miles  long  and  one  and  one-quarter 
miles  wide,  lying  in  Corral  Hollow  valley,  about  ten  miles 
southeast  from  Livermore  and  eighteen  miles  from  navigable 
tide  water. 

The  inspection  left  no  doubt  in  our  minds  of  the  immense 
quantity  of  available  coal,  and  we  are  not  disposed  to  ques- 
tion the  engineer's  estimate  of  20,000,000  tons.  The  veins  dip 
from  50°  to  70°  approximately,  and  are  visible  in  numerous 
other  tunnels  and  openings  visited  by  the  party  along  the 
course  of  the  veins  for  a  distance  of  over  six  miles. 

As  to  the  quality  and  character  of  the  coal,  it  is,  wheu 
freshly  mined,  or  in  the  veins,  a  deep  jet  or  glossy  black  lig- 
nite. We  watched  it  as  used  in  the  several  boilers  of  the 
coal  company,  finding  it  to  ignite  readily  and  burn  freely, 
making  a  very  hot  lire,  leaving  no  clinker  and  but  a  small  pro- 
portion of  ash.  It  seems  to  have  the  quality  of  high-grade 
lignite  like  the  New  Mexico  cods  and  others'  now  in  use  in 
California. 

The  comparative  value  of  the  coal  in  stationary  boilers  is 
now  being  determined  by  practical  tests  in  this  city  aud 
power  plants  here  and  in  Oakland.  More  important  is  the  re- 
sult of  a  month's  test  by  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad  in  its 
engines  on  the  Oregon  express  between  Sacramento  and  Red 
Bluff,  the  report  of  which  concludes  as  follows: 

11  The  result  of  the  test  shows  conclusively  that  the  Corral 
Hollow  coal  is  entirely  satisfactory  for  locomotive  use." 

The  managers  assert  an  offer  to  contract  to  deliver  to  the 
San  Francisco  &  San  Joaquin  Railroad,  at  the  mines,  the  en- 
tire supply  required  by  them,  for  five  years,  at  §2  per  ton. 

They  also  say  they  will  be  able  to  mine,  with  proposed  fa- 
cilities, 2000  tons  per  day,  and  to  market  the  same  in  San 
Francisco  for  §2  per  ton,  aud  maiutain  a  selling  price  not  to 
exceed  $3  and  §3  50  per  ton,  based  on  handling  coal  over  their  , 
own  railroad  to  tide  water  and  thence,  in  steel  barges,  to  San 
Francisco  or  accessible  river  points.  The  resulting  600,000 
tons  a  year  would  represent  over  one-third  of  the  average  im- 
portation and  commercial  supply,  and,  if  maintained,  prove  a 
potent  factor  both  in  stimulating  industries  and  keeping  a 
large  amouDt  of  money  at  home. 

San  Francisco  can  hardly  hope  for  cheap  coal  from  any  source 
but  these  mines,  on  account  of  the  distance  between  San 
Francisco  and  other  coal  fields.  From  the  personal  examina- 
tion we  have  made,  we  are  of  the  opinion  that  there  is  enough 
coal  there  to  supply  the  city's  entire  consumption  for  many 
years. 

This  is  as  favorable  as  any  similar  report  could 
possibly  be,  probably  more  favorable  than  the 
proved  facts  will  bear  out,  but  sufficiently  authentic 
to  warrant  attention  aud  affirmative  action. 

The  accompanying  sketch  illustrates  the  geological 
features  of  the  formation. 


changing  the  time  from  January  1st  to  October  1st. 
The  bill  passed  one  house,  but  was  not  acted  upon 
further,  and  the  law  is  as  before;  that  is:  according 
to  the  custom  of  the  Commissioner  of  the  General 
Land  Office  the  year  dates  from  January  1st  instead 
of  from  July  1st,  the  first  day  of  the  year  as  observed 
in  the  office  of  the  U.  S.  Treasurer.  A  liberal  con- 
miner  the   entire   year 


in  which  to  perform  his  assessment  work;  say  a 
claim  is  located  to-day,  May  18th,  1895,  the  claim- 
ant is  allowed  till  midnight  December  31st,  1896,  in 
which  to  do  his  first  $100  worth  of  work. 


Patenting  Mining  Claims. 


PROBABLE  STRATIFICATION   Or  COAL  MEASURES 
IN  CORRAL  HOLLOW. 


Aw.CfittncEOus 


SAN0  STONES    AND 
LIME    STONES 


The  coal  measures  are  presumably  of  the  same 
geological  age  as  those  of  Mt.  Diablo,  and  a  continu- 
ation thereof,  though  if  the  report  is  to  be  accepted 
as  competent  authority  the  quality  is  greatly 
superior  to  the  output  of  the  Mt.  Diablo  mine. 

When  it  is  considered  that  we  pay  from  $5  to  $12 
a.  ton  for  the  million  and  a  half  tons  consumed,  it 
will  be  seen  how  potent  a  factor  coal  is  in  our  indus- 
trial life,  and  how  important  it  is  that  any  domestic 
source  be  exploited.  If  half  of  what  is  so  strongly 
asserted  regarding  the  Corral  Hollow  coal  bed  be  so, 
the  problem  approaches  solution. 


Secretary  of  the  Interior  Smith  has  made  another 
ruling  that  has  all  the  force  of  a  decision  regarding 
the  patenting  of  mining  claims.  It  has  hitherto 
been  the  custom  crystallized  "Into  acceptance  that 
where  a  group  of  mining  claims  were  simultaneously 
worked  by  joint  owners  a  total  of  $500  in  labor  and 
improvements  sufficed  to  justify  application  for 
patent.  The  Secretary's  ruling  is,  in  effect,  that 
$500  worth  of  labor  and  improvements  must  be  put 
on  each  of  the  claims  in  a  group. 

The  main  point  in  the  case  at  issue  was  whether 
the  property  in  dispute  was  or  was  not  mineral 
land.  The  Secretary  of  the  Interior  decides  that  it 
was  mineral  land,  and  then  goes  on  to  make  the 
ruling.  The  case  was  that  of  W.  J.  Sweeney  in  the 
Helena,  Montana,  land  office,  who  applied  for  U.  S. 
patents  to  seven  contiguous  lode  claims.  The  N.  P. 
Co.  contested,  alleging  that  the  land  was  within  its 
grant.  After  deciding  that  the  land  was  mineral, 
the  Secretary  says  : 

"  But  there  is  an  objectiou  to  this  mineral  appli- 
cation that  is,  in  my  judgment,  fatal- to  it  as  it 
stands.  Among  other  requirements  of  Section  2325, 
United  States  Revised  Statutes,  is  one  that  demands 
that  the  certificate  of  the  United  States  Surveyor- 
General  must  show  that  $500  worth  of  labor  has 
been  expended  or  improvements  made  upon  a  claim 
by  the  applicant  or  his  grantors.  An  examination 
of  the  report  of  the  deputy  surveyor  shows  that 
upon  the  Waterbury  lode  there  is  a  discovery  shaft 
four  aud  one-half  by  six  feet,  fifteen  feet  deep,  of  the 
value  of  $75;  on  the  Naugatucket  lode,  a  discovery 
shaft  five  by  six  feet,  five  feet  deep,  valued  at  $15; 
on  the  Friday  lode  a  discovery  shaft  six  by  seven 
feet,  five  feet  deep,  valued  at  $20;  on  the  Glucose 
lode  a  discovery  shaft  four  and  one-half  by  six  feet, 
ten  feet  deep,  valued  at  $50,  and  an  open  cut  five  by 
six  feet,  six  feet  deep,  valued  at  $15.  This  is  all  the 
work  or  improvements  shown  to  have  been  made 
upon  these  four  claims,  and,  unless  it  can  be  shown 
that  the  work  done  on  the  others  was  for  the  de 
velopment  or  convenient  working  of  the  balance,  the 
application  should  be  rejected. 

"The   work   upon   the  other    claims   shows   thai 

shafts  have  been  sunk  from  twenty   to   fifty   feet   on 

the  same,    but   there  is  nothing   to  show  that  this 

work  was  done  with  a  view  to  developing  the   claims 

lirst   named   or   that   they  have   been    used 

for  that  purpose. 

"Again,  the  total  amount  returned  by 
the  surveyor  as  the  value  of  the  improve- 
ments is  but  $3305,  whereas,  for  the  seven 
claims,  it  should  be  the  full  amount  of  $3500. 
"  I  am  therefore  of  the  opinion  that  unless 
a  satisfactory  showing  can  be  made  that  this 
work  or  improvement  to  the  amount  re- 
quired by  statute  had  been  performed,  or 
that  the  work  which  has  been  done  was  for  the 
common  benefit  of  all  the  claims,  the  application 
should  be  rejected  as  to  the  Waterbury,  Nauga- 
tucket, Friday  and  Glucose  lodes.  The  judgment  of 
your  office  is  therefore  modified." 


Regarding  the  law  requiring  $100  in  work  or  im- 
provement annually  on  unpatented  mining  claims,  a 
correspondent  is   iuformed  that   he   is   right   in   his 


A  controlling  interest  in  the  New  [dria  quick- 
silver mines  has  been  purchased  by  Boston  and  New 
York  parties,  who  a.re  principal  stockholders  in  the 
Napa  Con.  Q.  M.  Co.  and  .Etna  Q.  M.  Co.  Mr.  B. 
M.  Neweomb  has  been  appointed  superintendent, 
with  Mr.  E.  G .  Holmes  as  assistant,  who  will  reside 
at  the  mines.  Improvements  are  in  contemplation, 
but  as  yet  the  force  has  not  been  materially  in- 
creased. 


Under   amended   British   Columbia    mining    laws 
belief  that  a  bill  was  introduced  in  the  53d  Congress  i  placer  claims  are  limited  to  1500  feet  in  length. 


May  18   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pre^. 


3u7 


Concentrates. 


THB  Miners'  Association  of  Shasta  Co.  meets  at  Keddiug 
to-day. 

A  MINUS'  Union  has  been  formed  in  Kossland,  B.  C.  D.  B. 
Bogle  is  secretary. 

(iKKAi  Bi;ii.\iN'-  net  imports  of  gold  amounted  to  611,917,- 
876  In  18M,  as  compared  to $6,333,454  in  1898. 

A  •  ..mi-any  baa  incorporated  in  Creede,  Colo.,  which  will  do 
the  annual  assessment  work  for  non-resident  claim  owners. 

Tut  Black  Butte  mine,  in  the  Lung  Crook  country,  Pendle- 
ton, Or.,  has  been  bought  for*00,oou  by  John  Gagen  of  Pen- 
dleton 

Bv  un  explosion  in  the  mines  of  the  Colorado  Fuel  and  Iron 
Company,  at  Sopris,  Colo.,  last  Saturday,  four  men  were  in- 
stantly killed. 

JoaN  Mi  -Call,  formerly  superintendent  of  the  West  Har- 
.  McCall  gravel  mine  in  El  Dorado  Co.  this 
. 

Tue  Hurley  mine  at  West  Point,  Cal.,  is  now  paying  up  all 
it-,  indebtedness,  and  it  is  the  announced  intention  to  again 
start  up  the  work. 

Twsxtt-fjvb  men  are  employed  at  the  Eagle  Bird  mine, 
Nevada  Co.  Twenty  stamps  are  continuously  in  operation 
with  good  results. 

The  Mining  Exchange  Building  Company  of  Denver,  Colo., 
a  \  week  made  an  assignment  without  reserve  for  the 
benefit  of  creditors. 

In  Gila  county,  Arizona,  the  Kasser  Mining  and  Milling 
tny  have  put  on  twenty  men,  preparatory  to  putting  ina 
fifteen-stanip  mill. 

Tue  Queensland  yield  of  gold  for  the  first  quarter  of  1895 
was  135,041  ozs.,  as'compared  with  130,438  ozs.  for  the  cor- 
responding quarter  of  last  year. 

T«  atVB  Iudians  from  Mexico  recently  fired  on  miners  near 
Port  Bowie,  Ariz.  Troops  were  ordered  from  Fort  Bayard  to 
run  the  Indians  down  and  capture  them. 

The  19,000  ounces  of  gold  produced  at  the  Independence 
mine,  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  during  the  first  three  months  of 
'95  cost  seventy-nine  cents  per  ounce  to  produce. 

Tue  Pitch  Pine  Gold  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  in 
this  city:  capital  stock,  $100,000.  Directors— F.  McCann,  W. 
R.  Townsend,  C.  H.  Cofilu,  J.  Grady  and  T.  Frolich. 

All  work  on  the  Hardenburg  mine,  near  Middle  Bar,  Ama- 
dor Co.,  has  been  suspended  indefinitely.  The  Farrell  mine, 
in  the  same  locality,  will  be  started  up  about  the  1st  prox. 

E.  H.  Humphrey  has  bought  the  S.  F.  Xavier  mining  claim 
in  southern  Arizona  for  $0,000.  It  is  an  extension  of  the  La 
Esperanza   from  which  such  rich  ore  was  taken  last  summer. 

Unless  Spokane,  Wash.,  hurries  up  Baker  City,  Or.,  will 
have  a  smelter  first.  Railroad  and  mining  men  of  St.  Louis 
are  about  to  put  up  a  $75,000  smelter  of  20  tons  daily  capacity 
there. 

THOMAS  Qlisx,  who  recently  bought  the .  Hammersley 
mine,  near  Jump-Off -Joe,  Or.,  is  now  credited  with  the  pur- 
chase of  the  Golden  Standard  mine  on  Galls  creek,  Or.,  for 
$40,000. 

Ovek  1,000,000  pounds  of  sulphurets  were  loaded  at  Colfax 
during  the  month  of  April,  says  the  Sentinel,  consigned  mainly 
to  the  Selby  Smeltiug  Works,  this  city,  and  to  Everett, 
Washington. 

Fked  Bradley  is  about  to  put  in  four  new  crushers  at  the 
Spanish  mine,  Nevada  Co.,  and  will,  in  addition,  run  the  ten- 
stamp  mill,  the  intention  being  to  crush  over  100  tons  of  ore 
every  twenty-four  hours. 

The  French  company  that  has  made  such  large  investments 
in  mines  and  water  rights  in  Trinity  Co.  have  lately  extended 
operations  to  Salmon  river  mines  in  Siskiyou,  and  will  engage 
in  hydraulic  mining  there. 

The  surveyors  for  the  Iron  Mountain  Company,  in  Shasta 
Co.,  have  not  yet  finished  their  work.  The  general  supposi- 
tion is  that  the  company  will  build  a  reduction  plant  in  the 
neighborhood  of  old  Hogtown. 

The  Pacific  Bullion  &,  Mining  Company,  of  Spokane,  in- 
tends to  commence  work  soon  on  the  Spokane  and  Trinket  at 
Ainsworth,  B.  C,  from  which  a  considerable  quantity  of  good 
grade  ore  was  shipped  in  1890. 

The  gold  output  of  the  Transvaal  for  October,  November 
and  December, '94,  was  589,342  ounces,  valued  at  £2,014,085. 
This,  like  a  good  many  other  statements  in  this  column,  is  in 
answer  to  a  query  from  a  reader. 

The  Channel  Bend  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  in 
this  city.  Directors— J.  M.  Cunningham,  G.  Whittell,  W.  E. 
Davis,  J.  L.  Bradbury,  J.  P.  Langhorne;  capital  stock,  $75,- 
000,  of  which  $30,500  is  subscribed. 

The  Transcript  hears  that  Nevada  county  will  assist  to  put 
in  a  road  fromTruckee  to  the  English  Mountain  quartz  mine. 
The  entire  unpaid  indebtedness  of  the  English  Mountain 
Company  is  said  to  be  about  $7000. 

The  Golden  Fleece  Mining  Company,  operating  in  the  Hins- 
dale country,  Colorado,  paid  a  regular  dividend  of  two  cents 
per  share,  $12,000,  last  Wednesday.  The  earnings  for  last 
month  are  estimated  to  be  $100,000. 

The  Aztec  mine  in  Colfax  county,  New  Mexico,  yielded 
$21,000  last  week,  making  a  total  product  for  that  little  mine 
of  about $1,000,000  up  to  date:  there  are  a  good  many  adjoining 
mines  that  are  doing  nearly  as  well. 

The  Eagle  Mining,  Milling  and  Water  Company  has  incor- 
porated in  this  city.  Capital  stock,  $500,000:  directors,  T. 
Reichert,  F.  A.  Hyde,  E.  D.  Porter,  A.  L.  Stetson,  L.  J. 
Hendrick,  S.  J.  Coop,  J".  H.  Schneider. 

The  Western  Federation  of  Metalliferous  Miners  in  session 
this  week  at  Denver,  Colo.,  admitted  the  Coat  Miners'  Union 
to  membership,  bringing  the  number  up  to  over  40,000.  The 
organization  reports  a  surplus  of  nearly  $500,000  in  the 
treasury. 

Charles  Simmons,  a  miner  in  the  Gagnon,  near  Butte,  Mon- 
tana, was  killed  last  Tuesday  while  coming  up  out  of  the 
mine  in  a  skip  on-  an  inclined  shaft.  The  engineer  did  not 
wait  for  the  proper  signal,  but  hoisted  before  Simmons   was 


ready.  His  head  was  caught  between  the  skip  and  the  snail 
and  almost  severed  from  the  body,  which  dropped  40U  feet  into 
the  sum. 

Articles  have  been  filed  in  Spokane.  Wash.,  incorporating 
the  Robert  E.  Lee  and  the  Eureka  Consolidated  Miniug  Com- 
panies, each  with  a  capital  stock  of  $500,000,  "to  own  and 
operate  mining  properties  in  the  United  Stales  and  British 
Columbia." 


To  the  12th  iust.  the  clean-ups  at  the  West  Harmony  graVel 
mine  amounted  to  over  $7,500.  Last  month  the  mine  produced 
about  $0,700.  The  gravel  that  is  being  taken  out  now  La  of 
high  grade,  and  the  Transcript  says  the  mine  is  looking  better 
than  it  ever  did  before. 

A  cyanide  mill   to  cost  $5,000  is  to  be  erected  at  Seymour, 

Arizona,  to  work  the  tailings  of  the  Vulture  mine,  of  which 
there  are  25,000  tons,  and  will  take  years  to  wcrk  them.  A 
200-foot  well  has  been  sunk  to  replace  the  one  that  caved  in 
during  the  last  rise  of  the  Hassayampa. 

Last  Monday  the  California  Debris  Commission  granted 
permits  to  carry  on  hydraulic  miniug  to  the  Iowa  and  Tiger 
mines,  in  Placer  county,  and  tbe  American  House  mine,  in 
Plumas  county.  Permits  for  the  Liberty  Hill  and  Polar  Star 
mines,  near  Dutch  Flat,  were  withheld. 

Official  statistics  of  the  production  of  minerals  in  Ontario 
for  the  year  1894  are  at  hand.  The  quantity  and  value  of 
mineral  productions  for  the  year,  with  number  of  workmen 
employed  and  amount  of  wages  paid  for  labor,  aggregate 
$0,088,758.     Number  of  employes,  0,075:  wages,  $1,840,289. 

A.  D.  McDonald  and  James  Mabrinto  while  at  work  in  the 
Rarus  mine  at  Butte,  Montana,  were  crushed  to  death,  last 
Sunday  morning,  while  coming  up  from  the  bottom  of  the  cage. 
Mabrinto  fainted,  and  in  falling,  it  is  supposed,  dragged 
McDonald  with  him.  Both  bodies  were  dragged  up  along  the 
timbers  and  terribly  mangled. 

The  monthly  bullion  report  of  the  C hollar—  ore  worked  at 
the  Nevada  mill  during  April— is  as  follows:  Tons  worked, 
S07;  gross  proceeds  in  bullion,  $17,302;  cost  of  reducing,  S5202; 
net  proceeds  in  bullion,  $12,100;  assay  value  per  ton,  $25.39; 
gross  average  per  ton,  $19.90;  net  average  per  ton,  $13.90. 
Mill  worked  78.0  per  cent. 

Mr.  Cecil  Rhodes,  of  South  African  fame,  in  pushing  north 
ward  in  equatorial  Africa,  has  met  the  French  going  south- 
ward from  Upper  Egypt.  To  their  remonstrances  he  told 
them  "to  go  to  hell."  He  was  "there  first,  and  meant  to 
stop  there."  So  far  the  parties  of  the  second  part  haven't 
made  up  their  minds  what  they  are  going  to  do  about  it. 

In  the  Utah  mining  case,  wherein  the  Eureka  Hill  Mining 
Co.  demanded  judgment  for  $90  000,  alleged  to  be  due  for  ore 
extracted  from  the  Silver  Gem  mining  claim,  adjoining  the 
Caroline  claim  in  the  Tintic  mining  district,  and  the  Bullion- 
Beck  and  Champion  Mining  Co.  alleged  that  the  value  of  the 
ore  taken  did  not  exceed  $1450,  the  jury  gave  a  verdict  for 
$3924.06. 

John  Grandolfo  is  at  Tucson  arranging  for  the  transfer  of 
the  Sierra  Pinta  gold  properties  in  Sonora,  well  down  on  the 
gulf  coast.  Owing  to  their  isolation  and  scarcity  of  water  the 
mines  have  not  been  worked  much.  He  asserts  that  400,0U0 
tons  of  $25  ore  have  been  blocked  out,  and  tbe  water  problem 
will  be  solved  by  deep  wells.  These  failing,  sea  water  with 
steam  condensers  will  be  used. 

It  is  considered  probable  that  the  Old  Dominion  Copper  Co., 
at  Globe,  Arizona,  will  resume  operations  this  summer.  There 
is  now  3500  tons  of  ore  in  the  bins,  and  space  is  being  cleared 
for  the  erection  of  another  large  bin.  When  the  new  railroad 
is  completed  to  the  reservation  line  a  proposition  will  be  made 
to  the  railroad  company  by  the  Old  Dominion  people  for  trans- 
porting coke  and  copper  bullion. 

A  gkeat  cave  wrecked  the  Frisco  mine  at  Gem,  Idaho,  one 
night  last  week.  Luckily  it  happened  between  shifts,  and  no 
one  was  hurt.  It  took  in  240  feet,  and  demoralized  the  mine. 
Twenty-nine  floors  caved.  Faulty  timbering  was  the  cause, 
and  a  former  superintendent  is  blamed.  The  miners  had  pre- 
dicted the  accident,  whioh  will  cost  several  thousand  dollars 
to  repair.  The  cave  showed  up  considerable  good  ore,  which 
will  help  pay  for  the  damage. 

Fifteen  prospectors  have  just  left  Seattle,  Wash.,  on  the 
schooner  Ellwond,  bound  for  Cook's  inlet.  They  take  along 
a  year's  supplies,  and  will  thoroughly  explore  part  of  Alaska. 
The  party  is  headed  by  Jaems  Germansen,  a  pioneer  explorer, 
one  of  the  few  men  to  cross  the  continent  through  the  Arctic 
timber  belt,  leaving  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  in  1S66,  striking  the 
Pacific  coast  in  northern  British  Columbia  some  four  years 
later.  He  discovered  on  that  trip  the  well  known  Omineca, 
or  Peace  river  gold  mines. 

A.  F.  and  J.  P.  Nicholls,  who  have  been  operating 
an  extensive  gold-saving  machine  on  the  Columbia  river, 
near  Chelan,  Wash.,  have  abandoned  the  undertaking,  having 
demonstrated  that  the  pay  streak  is  too  limited  to  justify 
extensive  work.  About  a  year  ago  a  general  stampede  was 
made  to  the  Columbia  bars,  and  it  was  thought  that  the 
entire  Columbia  river  benches  contained  gold  in  paying  quan- 
tities, but  the  conclusion  of  Nicholls  Bros,  seems  to  have  set- 
tled the  question  and  other  fields  are  being  explored. 

The  gentleman  who  made  the  sale  informs  the  Press  that 
the  Washington  mine,  French  Gulch,  Shasta  Co.,  was  sold 
this  week.  Negotiations  have  been  in  progress  for  a  consid- 
erable time.  The  purchasers  are  M.  J.  Luther  and  others  of 
Chicago  and  New  V"ork.  They  will  immediately  tear  out  all 
the  old  plant  and  put  up  a  new  20-stamp  mill.  The  original 
proposition  was  to  take  the  Washington,  Empire  and  J.  I.  C. 
M.  A.  Delano  will  superintend  the  building  of  the  mill  and  the 
development  of  the  property.  The  price  is  $90,000,  in  three 
installments.     The  first  payment  was  made  last  Monday. 

The  tin  mines  of  Cornwall  are  threatened  with  J  destruction 
because  of  the  cheap  tin  produced  in  the  Orient  in  the  Straits 
Settlements.  In  the  Straits  the  mine  owner  pays  his  men  in 
silver,  but  gets  his  pay  in  London  in  appreciated  gold.  Pay- 
ing his  miners  in  low-priced  silver  and  getting  his  own  money 
in  gold  enhanced  to  double  its  old  price,  the  tin  miner  has  a 
good  thing.  The  doubling  of  the  value  of  the  money  used  in 
one  part  of  the  world  and  the  cheapening  by  one-half  of  the 
money  in  use  in  another  part,  gives  the  tin  miner  of  the 
Straits  a  sword  that  cuts  both  ways.  With  cheap  silver  he  is 
able  to  work  to  a  profit  mines  so  lean  in  metal  that  were  they 
in  Cornwall  they  could  not  be  touched.  The  fall  in  the  price 
of  tin,  owing  to  the  cheap  production  of  that  metal  in  the 
Straits  Settlements,  is  fast  ruining  the  Cornish  mines.   Silver 


ii!  commodity  prices  closes  the  low-grade  mines  of  Cornwall, 
as  H  opens  those  of  the  Straits,  in  1898  the  mines  of  Corn- 
wall produced  only  3000  tons  of  tin.  while  the  Straits  pro- 
duced 39,670  tons,  and  the  output  is  still  steadily  increasing. 
A<  i  ordikg  to  figures  procured  by  the  Examiner  at  the  Mint 
the  average  de]  old  dust  directly  from  Chinamen   who 

are  working  the  ••old  diggings,"  or  abandoned  claims  in  the 
placer  districts  of  this  Sta  100  per  month  for  eight 

months  in  the  year,  beginning  with  April  and  euding  with 
November,  inclusive.  Besides  this  amount  it  has  been  ascer- 
tained that  $20,1  »hi  in  dust  finds  its  way  to  the  Mint  during 
i  to-  same  i"'i  ml  in  each  year  through  Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.,  the 
First  National  and  the  California  banks,  from  the  various 
Chinese  miniug  camps.  This  is  a  total  of  $00,000  per  month, 
or  $480,000  for  eight  months  in  each  year. 

Tue  Champion  mining  district,  near  Deer  Lodge,  that  gave 
promise  at  one  time  of  becoming  one  of  the  greatest  producers 
of  silver  in  Montana,  is  now  utterly  deserted  save  by  the 
night  owl  and  the  ground  squirrel.  The  owners  of  the  Cham- 
pion mine,  the  principal  property  in  the  district,  have  been 
engaged  during  the  past  week  in  moving  all  their  hoisting 
machinery  to  town,  where  it  is  being  stored  and  thus  saved 
from  the  corrosive  influences  of  the  mineral  and  dampness. 
The  Champion  mill,  built  on  the  outskirts  of  Deer  Lodge  at  a 
great  expense  for  the  treatment  of  ore  from  that  district,  was 
compelled  to  hang  up  its  stamps  before  its  merits  were  fairly 
tested,  and  is  now  occupied  by  a  solitary  watchman. 

The  recent  rich  discovery  in  the  Hope  mine  at  Basin,  Mon- 
tana, was  accidental.  Workmen  were  engaged  in  putting  iu 
timbers,  which  would  soon  have  covered  this  rich  pay  streak, 
when  one  of  the  men  in  digging  a  hole  was  struck  by  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  ore,  which  he  took  to  be  some  kind  of  iron  ore. 
The  foreman  being  close  by,  his  attention  was  called  to  it, 
whereupon  he  took  a  hammer  and  attempted  to  break  it.  In- 
stead of  breaking  it  bent,  and  a  further  and  closer  examina- 
tion proved  it  to  be  almost  solid  gold.  It  is  estimated  that 
§3000  worth  of  specimens  were  carried  out  of  the  mine  the 
first  day;  but  it  is  different  now.  The  men  are  searched  as 
they  come  from  their  work,  and  a  canvas  catches  the  smallest 
particles  of  the  ore. 

Says  Verdenal  in  his  Sunday  Olironicle  chat :  John  Seven - 
oaks,  the  irrepressible  mine-hunter,  has  in  a  measure  settled 
down  as  general  manager  of  the  C.  O.  D.  mine  over  at  Cripple 
Creek,  Colorado.  Several  months  since  when  this  property 
was  only  a  prospect,  the  owners  were  willing  to  sell  at  $200,- 
000,  and  a  bond  was  sent  over  to  Paris  for  French  considera- 
tion. The  Frenchmen  are  so  taken  up  with  South  African 
schemes  that  they  had  no  great  appetite  for  Colorado.  Mean- 
while they  continued  to  develop  the  C.  O.  D.,  and  made  a  big 
sti'ike.  The  owners  cabled  their  Paris  representatives  to 
withdraw  the  mine  from  the  market,  and  the  owners,  under 
Sevenoaks'  direction,  are  going  to  run  the  property  for  them- 
selves. "It's  better  to  keep  the  property  for  Americans  any- 
how," says  Sevenoaks. 

A  Virginia,  Nevada,  dispatch  says  the  directory  of  the 
Comstock  Tunnel  Company  has  placed  an  order  for  the  deliv- 
ery of  3,000,000  feet  of  lumber  at  the  mouth  of  the  Sutro  tun- 
nel during  the  current  year.  The  plans  of  the  new  manage- 
ment include  the  extension  of  the  tunnel  under  the  peak  of 
Mount  Davidson,  one  mile  east  of  its  present  terminus,  and 
the  retimbering  of  the  main  tunnel  and  branches,  represent- 
ing a  total  length  of  nine  miles  of  underground  workings.  The 
veins  cut  in  driving  the  main  tunnel  are  to  be  followed  north 
and  south  and  the  ore  extracted  will  be  reduced  at  mills  to  be 
erected  at  Sutro,  thus  saving  the  cost  of  hoisting  to  the  sur- 
face and  transportation.  John  W.  Mackay  is  reputed  to  be 
one  of  the  promoters  of  the  plan  for  the  extension  westward  of 
the  main  line  of  the  tunnel. 

Although  it  is  claimed  that  the  gold  output  of  Cripple 
Creek,  Colo.,  for  '94  will  be  double  what  it  was  last  year, 
there  is  little  if  any  increase  in  the  mint  receipts  from  that 
camp.  More  of  its  gold  than  ever  is  being  shipped  to  New 
York.  There  has  always  been  more  or  less  dissatisfaction 
with  the  local  mint  receipts  for  Cripple  Creek  gold,  but  that 
does  not  account  for  the  amount  of  gold  sent  direct  to  the 
Eastern  centers.  The  Cripple  Creek  gold  is  of  fine  quality, 
and  it  is  claimed  that  the  process  in  use  at  the  local  mint  is 
not  quite  satisfactory  in  its  treatment.  The  Boston  and  Colo- 
rado Smelting  Company  sends  its  gold  still  to  the  local  mint, 
and  the  management  expresses  perfect  satisfaction  with  the 
returns.  No  offer  has  been  made  to  the  company  from  the 
East  to  purchase  its  gold  at  a  premium. 

The  famous  Poorman  mine,  in  the  Trail  creek  country, 
British  Columbia,  for  which  P.  Clark  paid  §22,000  one  year  ago, 
has  just  been  sold  by  the  same  man  to  an  English  syndicate 
for  $1,000,000.  The  Trail  creek  country  is  a  gold  mining  dis- 
trict, extensive  bodies  of  free-milling  ore  running  from  $28  to 
$90  per  ton  running  through  the  entire  country,  and  since  the 
developments  on  the  Poorman  in  the  last  year,  hundreds  of 
new  discoveries  have  been  made.  So  great  is  the  confidence 
of  Montana  mining  men  in  the  district  that  stocks  are  being 
floated  in  Butte  and  Helena  on  mines  that  are  nothing  but 
prospects.  All  a  man  has  to  do  to  have  his  stock  quoted  is  to 
give  evidence  that  he  is  located  on  the  belt.  The  district  is 
about  seventy-five  miles  from  the  railroads,  but  two  lines  are 
now  being  constructed  to  put  it  in  close  communication  with 
the  outside  world,  one  a  brauch  of  the  Spokane  &  Northern 
and  the  other  from  the  Canadian  Pacific.  Some  of  the  best 
ores  of  the  district  are  rich  enough  to  stand  transportation  by 
wagon  to  Tacoma. 

A  tear  ago  some  Massachusetts  men  bought  the  Good  Hope 
mine  in  Riverside  county.  It  is  now  alleged  that  they  paid 
$250,000  for  the  property  and  have  invoked  the  assistance  of 
the  law  to  have  §100,000  taken  off,  they,  for  cause,  claiming 
that  the  mine  was  "salted."  They  charge  that  Jas.  Sigafus, 
the  former  owner  of  the  mine,  fooled  their  expert,  Col.  Jack 
Egan,  and  selected  the  particular  pieces  of  ore  that  he  used 
for  sample  run.  J.  B.  Doran,  a  former  foreman,  testifies  that 
during  that  run  selected  ore  was  used,  and  that  Sigafus  put 
gold  on  the  plates.  A.  L.  Jepson,  the  millman,  makes  addi- 
tional statement  corroborating  the  theory.  All  this  is  in  the 
form  of  an  answer  which  Messrs.  Morse,  Hobson  and 
Porter  of  Haverhill,  Mass.,  make  as  defendants  in  a  suit 
to  foreclose  the  $100,000  mortgage.  A  motion  to  appoint  a  re- 
ceiver for  the  mine  is  also  pending.  Any  attempt  to  "  salt " 
a  mining  claim  is  always  sure  to  be  found  out,  and  the  knowl- 
edge of  this  fact  militates  against  the  successful  prosecution 
of  the  practice.  It  is  a  common  occurrence  to  make  such  a 
charge,  but  in  nine  cases  out  of  ten  the  facts  do  not  bear  out 
the  allegation. 


3  US 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18   lfc95. 


Geology  of   Placer,   El  Dorado  and  Amador 
Counties. 


These 
feet  and 
angle   of 


includes 


posa .  slates  contains  numerous  highly  auriferous 
quartz  veins.  Ammonites  and  belemnites  are  found 
in  these  slates  in  El  Dorado  county.  These  fossils 
are  similar  to  upper  Jurassic  forms  of  Europe.  An- 
other belt  of  Mariposa  slates  occurs  in  the  lower 
foothills,  extending  southeast  from  Folsom.  There 
are  small  patches  belonging  to  this  belt  on  the 
southwest  corner  of  the  sheet.  The  quartz  veins  in 
this' western  belt  seldom  contain  gold  in  paying 
quantities. 

IGNEOUS   ROCKS. 

Diabase  arid  ampJiiunlite-schist.  —  In  the  Carbon- 
iferous of  the  northwestern,  corner  of  the  sheet  are 
numerous  dike-like  masses  of  a  tine  grained  dark 
green  diabase  usually  partly  or  wholly  uralitized 
(that  is,  with  the. pyroxene  cou verted  into  horn- 
blende).   

The  amphibolites  of  the  large  area  near  the  west- 
ern margin  of  the  sheet  are  dark  green  rocks,  me- 
dium to  fiue.  grained,    sometimes   consisting   almost 

usually  distinctly 
schistose  with  steep  eastern  dip.  A  part  of  them, 
especially  north  of  Latrobe,  are  quite  coarse 
grained.  Although  the  larger  part  of  them  have 
been  derived  from  diabase,  it  is  not  improbable  that 
in  many  cases  the  original  rock  was  gabbro.  The 
two  areas  of  light  colored  amphibole  and  talc  rocks 
crossed  by  the  road  from  Oleta  to  Bridgeport  were 
probably  pyroxenite  originally.  Some  specimens 
contain  pyroxene  altering  to  tremolite  and  serpen- 
tine. 

The  long  dike" of  diabase  which  follows  the  western 
contact  between  the  western  belt  of  the  Calaveras 
formation  and  the  Mariposa  slates  is  quite  variable 


The  Placerville  folio  of  the  G-eologic  Atlas  of  the 
United  States  is  received.  This  sheet  comprises  a 
part  of  the  middle  slope  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  in 
Placer,  El  Dorado  and  Amador  counties  in  this 
State.  The  elevations  above  sea  level  range  from 
300  feet  in  the  southwest  corner  to  5400  feet  in  the 
northeast.  The  prevailing  character  of  the  topog- 
raphy between  the  rivers  is  that  of  irregular  and 
undulating  plateaus  cut  by  steep  ravines  and 
gulches;  in  the  higher  eastern  parts  gently  sloping 
tables  are  formed  by  the  surfaces  of  the  Neocene 
volcanic  flows.  The  high  bedrock  ridges  of  the  Slate 
mountains  rise  above  these  flows  in  the  northeastern 
part  of  the  sheet.     The  three  forks  of  the  American    _ 

river  and  the  three  forks  of  the  Cosumnes  have  cut  j  entirely  of  amphibole,    and    are 
precipitous  canyons  through  this  table  land 
canyons  attain  a  maximum  depth  of  2500 
their  slopes   are  inclined   at   a  maximum 
about  40°. 

AURIFEROUS   SLATES. 

Calaveras  formation. — This  group,    which 
the  oldest  strata  in  the  region,  consists  of  two  belts 
of  rocks,  one  lying  to  the  east  and  one  to  the  west  of 
the  main  belt  of  Mariposa  slates.     The  series  to  the 
west  consists  of  highly  compressed  black   slates   and 
black  sandstones,   and   fine   grained   siliceous    rocks 
(pthanites),  the  latter  at  least   in   many  cases   inti- 
mately connected  with  and  derived  from  liniestone; 
the   black   slates   are  not  very 
fissile,   but   weather  into  irregu- 
lar   fragments.      In   the  north- 
western   corner    of    the     sheet 
there   are   a   few  isolated  lime- 
stone masses.     The  one  crossing 
the   north  fork  of  the  American 
river  is  about  300  feet  wide  and 
about  two    miles  long.     Fossils 
indicating     Carboniferous     age 
have    been    found   in   the  lime- 
stone masses   southeast  of  Ap- 
plegate's     near      the      Central 
Pacific   railroad,  and  .also  in  the 
limestone  mass   exposed   in   the 
middle    fork    of    the    American 
river,  two    miles    above    Mam- 
moth bar.      In  both  places  the 
characteristic  forms  are  corals. 
This  western  belt  of    the   Cala- 
veras formation  contains   areas 
of    fragmental     volcanics     and 
dikes  and  masses  of  basic  igne- 
ous rocks,   chiefly  diabase   and 
hornblende  -  porphyrites.      The 
Calaveras  formation  east  of  the 
Mariposa  beds  consists  of  a  suc- 
cession of  clay  slate,  sandstones 
and  quartzites    with    lentils    of 
limestone,    and  along  the  south 
fork  of  the  Cosumnes  river  there 
is  a    good   deal   of  mica-schist. 
The   clay  slate  is,    when  fresh, 
very  black  and  fissile,  weather- 
ing into  smooth  fragments  with 
sometimes      almost     a    silvery 
luster.     The  basic  igneous   rocks,    so    abundant   in 
the  western  belt,  occur   to   a   minor   extent   in  the 
rocks  of  the  Calaveras  formation  east  of  the   Mari- 
posa beds. 

All  of  the  limestone  masses  are  more  or  less 
crystalline  and  fossils  are  very  poorly  preserved. 
In  the  limestone  area,  four  miles  southeast  of  Placer- 
ville, frequently  occur  criuoid  stems  which  by  their 
rounded  forms  indicate  Paleozoic  age. 

The  whole  series  up  to  the  eastern  margin  has  a 
steep  easterly  dip.  Although  differing  in  details 
the  series  is  essentially  similar  in  character  through- 
out and  might  be  described  as   the   siliceous   series. 

The  strike  of 

this    siliceous 

series  is  north 

an  d      north- 
west,   except 

in   the  region 

southwest   of 

drizzly   Plat, 

where   the 

strike    for    a 

considerable 

d  i  s  t  a  nee  is 
northeast.  The  change  of  strike  appears  to  be  due 
to  the  intrusion  of  the  granodiorite. 

Mariposa  states. — The  Mariposa  beds  consist  almost 
eutirely  of  black  slates  not  so  much  altered  as  those 
of  the  Calaveras  formation.  When  fresh  they  are  a 
deep  black,  but  weathering  changes  them  quickly  to 
a  light  rusty  brown.  A  little  south  of  the  Mile  Hill 
toll-house  in  the  northwest  corner  of  the  sheet  ap- 
pears a  series  of  dark,  partly  volcanic  sandstones 
and  breccias,  intercalated  among  the  slates.  This 
series  continues  up  towards  Colfax.  It  is  well 
exposed  along  the  canyon  of  the  north  fork  of  the 
American  river,  where  it  enters  from  the  Colfax 
sheet  adjoining  at  the  north.  .  The  belt  of  the  Mari- 


line  the  areas.  East  of  Shingle  Springs  the  serpen- 
tine contains  small  masses  of  a  dark  colored  gabbro 
as  well  as  a  dike  of  quartz-porphyrite.  A  small 
mass  of  garnet-pyroxene  rock  occurs  four  miles 
southeast  of  Latrobe. 

The  large  dike  in  the  slates  of  the  Calaveras  for- 
mation entering  the  Placerville  sheet  near  Volcano- 
ville  is  in  many  respects  interesting  and  complex. 
It  is  usually  referred  to  as  the  "serpentine  belt, " 
and  is  continuous  for  about  forty  miles  north  of  this 
sheet.  The  primary  rock  of  this  dike  varies  from 
gabbro  or  diorite  to  pyroxenite  aud  peridotite, 
although  on  this  sheet  no  considerable  areas  of 
either  of  the  two  latter 
rocks  are  present. 
Masses  of  serpentine  and 
arnpbibolite-schist,  often 
very  difficult  to  separate 
from  the  gabbro,  occur 
at  frequent  intervals 
along  the  belt.  Both 
must  be  considered  as  alteration  products  of  the 
rocks  mentioned  above.  Near  the  mouth  of  Rock 
creek  on  the  south  fork  of  the  American  river 
the  dike  is  cut  off  by  granodiorite;  south  of  that 
area  it  appears  again  somewhat  narrower  and 
principally  composed  of  serpentine,  although  along 
with  it  occur  small  masses  of  peridotite  and  gabbro. 
The  serpentine  area  that  lies  just  southwest  of 
Bridgeport  may  perhaps  be  considered  as  part  of 
this  serpentine  belt. 

Granodiorite,  quartz-porphyrite  and  liomebTende-por- 
phi/rite. — Intrusive  in  the  slates  of  the  Calaveras  for- 
mation on  the  eastern  part  of  the  sheet  are  several 


PLAN  orCHEROKEE  MINE  ,PLACER  CO. 


Section  or  Melton  Mine  Eldorado  Co. 


in  composition;  the  southern  part,  up  to  the  grano-  j 
diorite  area  of  Coloma,  is  principally  composed  of  a  I 
massive,  dark  green  diabaseLbreccia;    while   to   the  [ 
north    of    this    area  of  -granodiorite   it   is   roughly 
schistose  and- consists  partly  of  massive  dark  green 
diabase   and  diabase-porphyrite    with   large   white 
feldspar  crystals,  and  partly  of   breccia  of  varying  \ 
fineness  made  up  of  these  rocks.    The  large  area  of  j 
amphibolite-schist  north  of  Greenwood   which  is  in- 
closed    in     the    black     Mesozoic    slates   is   derived  ' 
from   diabase  and   diabase-porphyrite    by  dynamo-  j 
metamorphism,     that    is,     metamorphism     induced  • 
by   intense   pressure   and  movement.     Near  Green-  | 
wood     there    is     altered     diabase-porphyrite    go-  j 
iug  over  into  normal  amphibolite-schist.     The  Meso-  I 
zoic  slates  contain  a  great  number  of  similar  smaller 
streaks  and  masses  of  amphibolitic  rocks. 

Gabbro-diorite. — West  of  Shingle  Springs  occurs 
an  area  of  coarse  grained  gabbro,  the  pyroxene  in 
which  is  partly  converted  into  uralite;  it  is  a  com- 
pact and  hard  rock  presenting  great  resistance  to 
weathering.  Large  parts  of  this  area  are  occupied 
by  rough  and  rocky  hills  covered  with  grease  wood 
(Atlennstmna).  Along  the  contacts  with  the  amphibo- 
lite  it  is  plain  that  the  gabbro-diorite  is  the  younger 
rock  and  intrusive  in  the  former. 

Serpentine,  pyroxenite,  peridotite,  gabbro  and  garnet- 
pyroxene  rock. — The  Carboniferous  slates  north  of 
Coloma  contain  several  areas  of  serpentine  in  many 
places  immediately  mixed  with  amphibolite-schists. 
Smaller  masses  of  pyroxenite  and  peridotite  occur 
in  them,  and  from  these  rocks  the  serpentine  has 
probably  been  derived.  The  Coloma  area  of  grano- 
diorite cuts  off  the  serpentine  masses  in  the  same 
manner  as  it  has  cut  off  the  diabase  dike  near 
Placerville.  South  of  that  area  the.  serpentine  con- 
tinues as  lenticular  and  dike-shaped  masses  in  the 
amphibolite  with  which  it  is  intimately  connected;  so 
much  so,  indeed,  that  frequently  it  is  difficult  to  out- 


large  isolated  areas  of  granodiorite.  This  rock 
usually  metamorphoses  the  surrounding  slates  into 
micaceous  and  quartzite  schists;  the  width  of  the 
contact  zone  varies  from  several  hundred  feet  up  to 
three-quarters  of  a  mile,  or  in  some  cases  even  more; 
near  Grizzly  Plat  the  contact  metamorphics  fre- 
quently carry  andalusite.  At  Grizzly  Flat  there 
are  near  the  granodiorite  contact  small  masses  of 
a  gabbroitic  rock  going  over  into  granodiorite. 
The  Coloma  area  of  granodiorite  is  similar  to  the 
others  in  most  respects,  except  that  in  some  places 
the  black  mica  is  absent,  and  it  has  a  tendency  to 
grade  into  quartz-porphyrite.  There  is  without 
doubt  a  gradual  transition  between  the  two  rocks, 


e\je^>ei^t_ 


_  ,  Shaft  1_ 

i/       Thnnr/onlftn/ 


as  shown  in  the  long  projecting  offshoots  or  apophy- 
ses at  the  southern  end  of  the  area. 

The  quartz-porphyrite  is  a  light-colored  rock  with 
porphyrinic  feldspars  and  quartz  crystals  in  a 
groundmass  of  grayish  or  greenish  color  and  of  some- 
what variable  texture,  though  it  is  usually  fine 
grained.  The  quartz-porphyrite,  as  well  as  the 
granodiorite,  here  contains  much  more  sodium  than 
potassium. 

Closely   connected   with    the    granodiorite    is   the 
hornblende-porphyrite;  it  is  a  medium-grained  rock 
with  porphyritic   feldspars   and    hornblendes    in    a 
groundmass  of  the  same  composition.      It  occurs  at  . 
several  plaees  along  the   contacts,   going  over  into 


May    18    1*95. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


309 


normal  granodiorite;  it  also  occurs  as  dikes  and  iso- 

lated  massifs  in  the  serpentines   and  other   rocks  in 

the    vicinity.      The    hornblende-porphyrite    massifs 

and  dike-  of  Big  Sugar  Loaf  and    vicinity    in    places 

contain   augite  and   grade  into  rocks  of  the  diabase 

scries  containing  no  hornblende. 

NEOCJBNK. 

Auriferout  gravels. — During  the  Neocene  period  the 

iraJ  topography  of  this  sheet  was  that  of  a  sloping 

table  land,   relieved  by  hills  of  moderate  elevation. 

i'his   area    was   drained   by  two  river  systems,  one 

more  or  less  closely  corresponding  to  the  forks  of  the 

present  American  river,  and  the  other   representing 

the  branches  of  the  '"osumnes.    The  gravels  accumu- 

in   them   are  now  largely  covered  by  volcanic 

material.      The  general   direction   of    the    Neocene 

drainage  was  as  follows; 

The  old  channel  of  the  south  fork  of  the  American 
river  inters  the  eastern  margin  of  the  sheet  north  of 
Pacific  House  and,  crossing  over,  passes  under  the 
lava  How  at  Pacific  House;  from  there  it  runs  under 
I  he  masses  of  Neocene  andesite  for  about  ten  miles 
in  a  west-southwest  direction  down  to  a  point  be- 
t  ween  the  two  forks  of  Webber  creek,  northeast  of 
Newtown;  crossing  the  south  fork  of  Webber  creek- 
it  follows  the  present  course  of  that  creek  for  a  con- 
siderable distance.  The  center  of  the  old  channel  is 
here  eroded,  but  there  are  numerous  benches  re- 
maining to  indicate  its  approximate  course.  In  the 
vicinity  of  Placerville  there  is  a  complicated  system 
of  channels  running  south  or  southwest  and  tribu- 
tary to  the  main  fork.  From  a  point  between 
Placerville  and  Diamond  Springs  the  channel  was 
cut  in  a  northwesterly  direction,  touching  Granite 
Hill  and  entering  the  Sacramento  sheet  near  Pilot 
Hill. 

In  Neocene  time,  the  north  fork  of  the  American 
river  followed  a  course  which  is  now  represented  for 
a  short  distance  by  the  divide  north  of  Long  canyon. 
The  old  channel  again  enters  the  sheet  under  the 
volcanic  flow  somewhere  west  of  Todd  valley  and 
emerges  from  beneath  the  southern  end  of  the  vol- 
canic area.  Its  course  below  this  point  is  somewhat 
uncertain,  but  must  have  followed  the  present  can- 
yon of  the  middle  fork  pretty  closely.  Tributary  to 
this  former  course  are  the  Neocene  channels  north  of 
Georgetown  and  between  Volcanoville  and  Kentucky 
Flat.  These  tributaries  flowed  in  a  general  north 
and  northwest  direction.  In  Neocene  time,  as  now, 
the  Georgetown  divide  formed  a  ridge  between  the 
two  forks. 

The  course  followed  by  the  Cosumnes  during  the 
Neocene  period  is  not  perfectly  known.  It  is  cer- 
tain, however,  that  one  of  the  Neocene  branches  cor- 
responding to  the  present  Cosumnes  headed  near 
Grizzly  Flat,  and,  flowing  in  a  southwesterly  direc- 
tion across  the  present  drainage,  passed  Henry  dig- 
gings, Omo  House  and  Indian  diggings. 

The  auriferous  gravels  in  this  sheet  consist  of 
strata  of  quartzose  and  metamorphic  gravel  resting 
on  the  bedrock  and  usually  overlain  by  finer  sedi- 
ments, such  as  clay  and  sand.  The  maximum  thick- 
ness is  not  more  than  one  hundred  feet;  usually  it  is 
much  less. 

The  accumulation  of  auriferous  gravels  probably 
went  on  throughout  the  Tertiary,  and  may  have  be- 
gun even  earlier. 

Rhyolitic  beds. — The  first  volcanic  flows  which  dur- 
ing the  Neocene  period  came  down  from  the  slopes 
of  the  Sierra  from  the  volcanoes  near  the  summit 
were  rhyolitic  in  character.  The  rhyolitic  beds  di- 
rectly overlie  the  auriferous  gravels  and  are  com- 
posed of  white  or  light-colored  tuff  usually  fine 
grained  and  occasionally  containing  scales  of  black 
mica.  This  volcanic  fragmentary  material  doubtless 
came  down  in  the  form  of  many  successive  mud 
flows.  Intercalated  in  the  tuffs  are  beds  of  quartzose 
and  metamorphic  gravel  and  of  light-colored  clays 
and  sands  partly  of  volcanic  origin.  The  gravels  are 
usually  somewhat  auriferous.  The  total  thickness  of 
the  rhyolitic  beds  is  about  300  feet  on  the  divide 
north  of  Long  canyon  and  400  feet  in  the  vicinity  of 
Newtown.  Unlike  the  subsequent  volcanic  flows, 
the  rhyolite  did  not  spread  over  large  areas,  but  only 

filled  the  valleys 
.jj;  rg^s  of  the  principal 

"s  *~  ..nil'  streams.     Dur- 

ing the  interval 
between  the 
rhyolitic  and 
the  subsequent 
andesitic  erup- 
tion the  former 
beds  were 
considerably 
eroded  and  in 
places  new  channels  were  worn  down  to  the  bed- 
rock. These,  usually  referred  to  as  "  cement  chan- 
nels," occur  both  north  of  the  middle  fork  of  the 
American  river  and  in  the  vicinityof  Placerville;  in 
them  the  andesitic  breccia  ordinarily  rests  directly 
on  shallow  but  rich  gravel. 

Andesite. — The  andesitic  eruptions  in  the  high 
Sierra  flooded  the  larger  part  of  the  lower  slopes 
with  volcanic  mud.  Substantially  the  whole  of  the 
area  of  the  Placerville  sheet  must  have  been  thus 
covered,  excepting  the  high  bedrock  ridges  of  the 
Slate  mountains  and,  probably,  the  hills  in  the  south- 
western corner. 


AS** 

Pla/v  of  Crystal  Mine,EldoradoCo, 


The  andesitic  beds,  which  are  entirely  fragmental 
in  character,  attain  a  maximum  thickness  of  Ton  feel 
on  the  divide  north  of  Long  canyon;  in  the  i  ioinil  v  .if 
|  Placerville  the  thickness  does  not  exceed  tOO  feet, 
while  east  of  Placerville  it  again  increases  to  700. 
The  lower  part  consists  ol  heavy  volcanic  gravel, 
frequently  somewhat,  auriferous,  "together  with  vol- 
canic sands  and  lull's;  the  upper  part  consists  of  a 
hard  andesitic  breccia  and  usually  contains  angular 
or  subangular  boulders  of  andesite  often  more  than 
a  foot  in  diameter.  The  andesite  is  dark  gray  to 
dark  brown  and  contains  porphyritic  crystals  of 
pyroxene  and  hornblende,  the  latter  slightly  pre- 
vailing; the  cement  uniting  the  boulders  is  light 
gray  to  light  brown  and  consists  of  finely  comminuted 


/fssr  £>//)&j>.s< 


i/Ofr/cflL_ 

C/fOSS      SFC  T/Of/ 

of#>e 
•Srr'A/EDY  /V/^£ 
J/fC/fSO//,  /7PJ/700/J  CO. 


['.••■. 

i»/>e*scMTe/riero 

A 

t?v/if?rz. 

\ 

s^/ffe,^  F/ssu/r£. 

volcanic  material.  Nearly  all  of  this  rock  has  the 
rough  and  porous  character  which  has  been  called 
asperitic. 

PLEISTOCENE. 

Earlier. pleistocene. — Along  the  rivers,  and  especi- 
ally in  the  vicinity  of  Coloma,  there  are  patches  of 
gravel,  from  twenty  to  sixty  feet  above  the  present 
channel,  which  have  been  referred  to  the  earlier 
Pleistocene.  Along  their  upper  courses  below  the 
limit  of  glaciation  the  canyons  of  the  rivers  usually 
are  so  narrow  and  steep  that  there  is  no  room  for 
these  deposits. 

Moraines  resulting  from  Pleistocene  glaciers  are 
found  in  the  extreme  northeastern  corner  of  the 
sheet.  The  morainal  deposit  here  consists  of  a  thin 
layer  of  angular  fragments  of  granite  and  other 
rocks  covering  the  surface  of  the  Neocene  volcanic 
flows,  and  partly  the  slopes  of  the  canyons. 

Alluvium. — There  is  but  little  alluvium  on  the 
Placerville  sheet.  Very  shallow  alluvial  soil  covers 
some  of  the  valleys  of  the  plateaus. 

Gold-bearing  gravels. — J.  W.  Marshall's  discovery 
of  gold  in  1848  was  made  at  Coloma,  on  this  sheet. 
The  alluvial  accumulations  of  gold-bearing  gravels  in 
the  present  rivers  and  creeks  were  the  first  deposits 
worked.  They  were  soon  exhausted  and  the  atten- 
tion of  the  miners  was  turned  to  the  gold  in  older  de- 
posits. A  few  bars  along  the  American  and 
Cosumnes  rivers  are  still  washed.  The  Pleistocene 
gravel  benches  along  the  present  rivers  have  been 
and  arc  now  in  partworked  by  sluicing  and  hydrau- 


lic mining.  The  hydraulic  process  is  applied  to  the 
Tertiary  auriferous  gravel-  near  Todd  valley,  on  the 
divide  north  of  Long  canyon,  near  Plai 
Newtown,  and  at  several  places  in  the  neighborhood 
of  Georgetown,  as  well  as  al  Mendon,  Henry  dig- 
gings and  Indian  diggings.  The  largest  pari  of  these 
gravels  is,  however,  covered  by  volcanic  flows,  and 
is  usually  mined  by  drifting  along  the  bedrock. 
Drift  mines  are  at  present  worked  in  several  places 
near  Placerville,  and  also  near  Indian  diggings. 

Gold-quartz  veins.—  By  far  the  most  important 
mines  on  the  Placerville  sheet  are  La  ated  alon"  the 
-railed  mother  lode  in  the  area  of  the  Mariposa 
i  slates,  traversing  the  sheet  from  north  to  south. 
The  mother  lode,  which  must  not  be  considered  as  a 
continuous  vein,  but  rather  as 
a  belt  of  parallel  though  some- 
times interrupted  quartz-filled 
fissures,  can  be  traced  continu- 
ously as  far  north  as  the  St.  Law- 
rence mine  on  the  Georgetown 
divide,  and  along  it  are  found 
many  celebrated  mines,  such  as 
theChurch  Union, the  Pacific  and 
the  Gopher-Boulder.  The  veins 
run  parallel  to  the  strike  of  the 
slates  or  cut  them  at  a  very 
acute  angle.  The  dip  is  nearly 
always  to  the  east  and  usually 
at  a  somewhat  less  steep  angle 
than  that  of  the  surrounding 
slates.  Along  the  veins  of  the 
mother  lode  frequently  run  nar- 
row streaks  of  amphibolite- 
schist  and  serpentine.  The 
eastward  bend  in  the  strata 
caused  by  the  intrusive  grano- 
diorite  in  the  vicinity  of  Placer- 
ville is  closely  followed  by  the 
veins. 

North  of  the  St.  Lawrence 
mine  the  mother  lode  is  not  well 
defined.  The  quartz  veins  are 
more  frequently  interrupted  and 
are  replaced  by  a  peculiar  kind 
of  deposit,  the  seam  diggings. 
In  these  a  certain  belt  of  slate 
is  impregnated  with  minute 
irregular  quartz  veins,  fre- 
quently very  rich  in  gold.  Such 
seam  diggings  occur  at  Georgia 
Slide,  Spanish  Dry  Diggings, 
Greenwood,  and  other  places. 
From  the  St.  Lawrence  one 
branch  of  auriferous  quartz  de- 
posits runs  up  towards  George- 
town and  Georgia  Slide.  An- 
other belt,  begins  by  the  Esper- 
anza  mine,  north'  of  the  St. 
Lawrence,  and  continues  with 
frequent  interruptions  to  the 
Slij/er  vein  and  Oregon  bar, 
both  on  the  middle  fork  of  the 
American  river.  The  quartz 
mines  near  Butcher  ranch,  and 
the  seam  diggings  in  Codfish 
canyon  on  the  north  side  of  the 
north  fork  of  the  American 
river,  may  be  considered  as  be- 
longing to  the  same  belt,  but 
it  is  not  possible  to  trace  the 
auriferous  veins  of  the  mother 
lode  further. 

On    both    sides   of   the   great 

serpentine    belt    running    from 

Volcanoville   to    the    Cosumnes 

granodiorite     area,     there     are 

near     the     contact     numerous 

small    quartz  veins,  very  rich  in    scattered   bunches 

and   pockets   of   gold.      Few   permanent   mines   are 

found,   however,  along  these  contacts. 

The  only  important  mining  district  in  the  eastern, 
part  of  the  sheet  is  that  of  Grizzly  Flat.  A  long 
stretch  of  the  contact  of  slates  and  granodiorite, 
from  the  middle  fork  of  the  Cosumnes  to  the 
"Buttes,"  is  mineralized  and  accompanied  byagreat 


"»» :  kry~hiiu3 


fi/FFL£  fSX?  #r   L//VDFA/  /V/A/E^lDOAffDO  CO. 


many  auriferous  quartz  veins,  the  most  prominent  of 
which  is  that  of  the  Mount  Pleasant  mine. 

Copper  deposits. — Copper  ores  are  found  in  very 
few  places  on  the  Placerville  sheet,  and  nowhere  in 
any  considerable  quantity.  They  occur  as  vein  de- 
posits along  the  granodiorite  in  the  zone  of  contact 
metamorphics,  and  one  prospect  lies  south  of  Deer 
creek  in  the  amphibolite-schist.  Small  masses  of 
copper  pyrites  occur  in  serpentine  and  amphibolite 
about  two  miles  west  of  Greenwood. 

Quicksilver  deposits.  —  Quicksilver  was  formerly 
mined  near  Fanny  creek,  south  of  Big  Sugar  Loai'. 
Traces  of  cinnabar  are  said  to  occur  near  the  mouth 


310 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18,  1896. 


of  Hastings  creek  and  in  Clark's  creek  ravine  one 
mile  north  from  its  mouth. 

Chrome  iron. — Deposits  of  chrome  iron  occur  in 
California  only  in  serpentine.  On  the  sheet  showing 
the  economic  geology  two  deposits  are  noted.  Along 
the  area  described  above  as  the  "  serpentine  belt" 
many  small  pockets  have  been  found. 

Building-stones. — When  massive,  the  granodiorite 
makes  very  good  building-stone  and  is  used  in  many 
places.  Certain  kinds  of  more  massive  rhyolitic 
tuffs,  found  at  Smith's  Flat  and  other  places  near 
Placerville,  make  a  most  excellent  and  easily  dressed 
building-stone. 

Black  clay  roofing  slates  are  quarried  at  Chili  bar, 
four  miles  north  of  Placerville,  in  the  canyon  of  the 
south  fork  of  the  American  river.  There  are  at 
present  several  quarries,  and  the  slate,  which  is  of 
excellent  quality,  is  used  in  mauy  places  in  California. 
C4ood  roofing  slate  could  doubtless  be  obtained  at 
other  points  in  the  Mariposa  beds. 

Militating  against  the  development  of  the  quarry 
industry  is  the  lack  of  cheap  transportation. 


Personal. 

Chas.  G.  Yale,  who  has  been  seriously  ill,  is  convalescent. 

P.  Rothermel  has  returned  from  a  visit  to  Shasta  Co.  mines 
in  which  he  is  interested. 

P.  R.  Roberts  has  been  appointed  superintendent  of  the 
North  Star  mine,  Nevada  Co. 

W.  N.  Cromwell  succeeds  Jas.  McNaught  as  counsel  for 
the  receivers  of  the  N.  P.  R.  R. 

J.  V.  Keeley,  owner  of  the  Clementina  mine,  Yellow  Pine 
district,  Santa  Barbara  Co.,  is  in  the  city. 

J.  H.  Tibbits,  a  mining  man  of  Amador  Co.,  has  gone  to 
Arizona  to  take  charge  of  a  mine  in  Pinal  Co. 

Fred  Zeitler,  superintendent  of  the  Champion  mine,  has 
recovered  from  his  recent  illness,  and  is  again  at  work. 

W.  B.  Middleton  is  examining  mining  property  in  the  in- 
terest of  Denver  capitalists,  in  Robinsonville  district,  Baker 
Co.,  Oregon. 

W.  de  L.  Benedict,  a  civil  and  mining  engineer  of  New 
York  City,  and  member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Mining 
Engineers,  arrived  here  yesterday. 

J.  T.  Smith  is  inspecting  Oroville  mining  properties  in  the 
interest  of  English  capital.  He  has  been  examining  some 
promising  properties  in  the  vicinity  of  Placerville  during  the 
week. 

Capt.  Williams,  for  many  years  superintendent  of  the  New 
Idria  quicksilver  mines  in  the  southern  part  of  San  Benito 
Co.,  has  i'esigned.  Mr.  E.  G.  Holmes  is  his  successor  as  resi- 
dent superintendent. 

Dr.  R.  Beverlt  Cole,  of  this  city,  has  been  honored  by 
election  to  the  Presidency  of  the  American  Medical  Associa- 
tion, the  first  physician  in  this  State  to  receive  that  distinc- 
tion, since  Dr.  Logan  of  Sacramento  was  elected  in  1S70. 

Irving  M.  Scott  delivered  a  lecture  at  Sacramento  last 
Wednesday  night  under  the  auspices  of  the  Capital  City  Lec- 
ture Association  on  "  Great  Guns  and  Armor  Plates,"  which 
was  heard  with  attention  and  interest  by  a  large  and  appre- 
ciative audience. 

W.  H.  Turner,  of  Sutter  Creek,  goes  to  Johannesburg, 
South  Africa,  next  month,  as  mill  man  for  one  of  the  big  min- 
ing companies  on  the  Randt.  His  salary  is  to  be  S3,000  a  year, 
transportation  and  living  expenses.  He  was  formerly  super- 
intendent of  the  Treadwell,  Alaska,  mine,  and  superintended 
mining  operations  for  many  years  in  Mexico. 

G.  H.  Robinson,  whose  contract  as  manager  of  the  Mam- 
moth properties  in  Tintic,  Utah,  expired  April  1st,  is  general 
manager  of  all  the  mining  interests  of  J.  R.  DeLaniar,  with 
headquarters  in  Salt  Lake.  The  interests  under  the  control 
of  Mr.  Robinson  include  the  DeLamar  properties  in  Creede, 
Colo.,  the  mine  and  mill  in  the  Ferguson  district,  Nevada,  the 
Golden  Gate  group  in  Mercur,  Utah,  and  other  concerns 
operating  in  Utah  and  Nevada  under  bond. 

John  Lewis  Kingman  has  been  appointed  chief  engineer  of 
the  Mexican  Central,  with  headquarters  at  the  City  of  Mex- 
ico. He  was  chief  engineer  of  the  Chihuahua  division  of  the 
road  during  its  construction,  and  was  formerly  chief  engineer 
of  the  western  division  of  the  Atlantic  &  Pacific.  He  was 
assistant  engineer  of  the  Southern  Pacific  from  July,  186S,  to 
October,  1871 ;  assistant  engineer  of  the  Kansas  Pacific  from 
October,  1871,  to  July,  1S77,  and  assistant  and  locating  en- 
gineer of  the  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  from  July,  1877,  to 
February,  1880.  He  was  then  with  the  Atlantic&  Pacific 
until  he  was  appointed  chief  engineer  of  the  Chihuahua  divi- 
sion of  the  Mexican  Central  in  18S3. 

Col.  William  Price  Craighill  succeeds  Gen.  Casey  as 
chief  officer  of  theU.  S.  Corps  of  Civil  Engineers.  He  was  born 
at  Charlestown,  Va.,  July  1,  iS33.  In  1849  he  was  appointed 
to  West  Point,  and  graduated  second  in  a  class  of  fifty- two 
members  in  1853.  During  the  war  he  received  the  brevets  of 
Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Colonel  for  meritorious  services..  He 
was  assistant  professor  of  military  and  civil  engineering  at 
West  Point  for  four  years,  from  1S56  to  1S50,  and  again,  from 
1S06  to  1S70,  was  onduty  in  the  engineer  bureau.  He  has 
been  sent  to  Europe  twice  on  engineering  missions,  and  has 
visited  this  coast  five  or  six  times.  He  is  familiar  with  the 
wants  of  the  country  in  military  fortification,  harbor  improve- 
ments and  other  general  engineering  projects.  It  was  sup- 
posed Col.  Mendell  would  be  tendered  the  position,  but  as  he 
will  be  entitled  to  retirement  on  October  1  the  President  ap- 
pointed Col.  Price. 

W.  C.  Ralston,  the  Secretary  of  the  California  Miners' 
Association,  returned  this  week  from  a  six  months'  sojourn  in 
London  and  Paris,  where  he  was  a  witness  of  the  present 
extraordinary  activity  in  South  African  mining  shares  in 
those  cities."  He  says  that  the  published  accounts  of  the 
craze  are  not  exaggerations;  that  more  zeal  than  judgment  is 
disolayed  in  the  investment  of  millions  of  pounds  sterling, 
and  that,  indirectly,  the  inevitable  collapse  will  make  it 
easier  tu  direct  the  attention  of  the  English  seeker  after 
legitimate  miniug  investments  to  the  superior  permanent 
nature  of  our  California  gold  properties.  Upon  his  arrival  at 
New  York  he  was  interviewed  by  the  New  York  Herald  on 
the  subject  of  mineral  lands,  which,  in  the  issue  of  April  2Sth, 
gave  a  two-column  illustrated  statement  of  the  facts  in  the 
case  wherein  the  commonwealth  of  California,  through  its 
miners,  is  resisting  corporation  efforts  to  absorb  large  areas  of 
the  public  domain.  In  compliance  with  telegraphed  sugges- 
tions from  this  city,  he  went  to  Washington,  where  he  put 
the  case  fairly  and  squarely  before  every  one  at  the  seat  of 
the  federal  Government  by  extended  interviews,  published  in 
Washington's  leading  journal. 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 


— The  British  patrol  fleet  will  be  shortly  withdrawn  from 
Bering  sea. 

— Judging  from  the  present  "demand,  a  California  bicycle 
factory  should  pay  well. 

—At  Chino  there  has  already  been  planted  this  season 
nearly  4000  acres  to  sugar  beets. 

— The  Western  Sugar  Refinery  has  advanced  the  price  of 
granulated  sugar  one-eighth  of  a  cent  three  times  within  a 
week. 

-  — Woodbury  concentrators  are  being  sent  to  Idaho  and 
Utah.  Hendrie  &  Bolthoff  of  Denver  are  the  Colorado 
agents. 

—According  to  the  Phoenix  Gazette,  the  Southern  Pacific 
Railroad  is  about  to  commence  work  on  its  Mesa  City  ex- 
tension. 

— Up  to  date  4000  carloads  of  oranges  have  been  shipped 
East  from  southern  California  and  about  1S00  carloads  still 
remain  on  the  trees. 

— A  large  spur  wheel,  weighing  6300  pounds,  was  cast  at 
the  Miners'  Foundry,  Nevada  City,  this  week,  for  the  Federal 
Loan  Mining  Company. 

— A  Phoenix,  Arizona,  manufacturer  makes  affidavit  to  the 
fact  that,  on  an  importation  of  rosin  that  had  cost  him  §160  in 
the  East,  he  paid  $720  freight.    ■ 

— The  old  boilers  of  the  steamship  Columbia,  which  have 
been  replaced  by  new  ones  at  the  Union  Iron  Works,  are 
being  broken  into  scrap  iron,  worth  S3. 50  a  ton. 

— Orders  were  recently  received  from  Moscow,  Russia, 
and  Warsaw,  Poland,  for  a  carload  of  Sierra  Nevada  red- 
wood, to  be  used  in  the  manufacture  of  lead  pencils. 

—The  San  Francisco  Gaslight  Co.  has  cut  the  price  from 
$2.00  to  SI.  75  per  M.  feet.  A  reduction  is  also  announced  for 
gas  used  in  gas  engines  and  for  manufacturing  purposes. 

— The  Stanislaus  and  San  Joaquin  Canal  Co.  are  building  a 
ditch  forty-seven  feet  wide  from  Knight's  Ferry  to  Lathrop — 
50  miles.  Nearly  300  men  are  working  day  and  night  on  the 
job. 

— The  Northern  Pacific  railroad  has  prepared  a  revised 
schedule  of  wages,  which  will  soon  go  into  effect.  It  embraces 
the  entire  system  and  adjusts  inequalities  of  former  re- 
ductions. 

— The  Southern  Pacific  Co.'s  net  earnings  for  '94  were 
816,050,949:  for  '93  the  net  earnings  were  $18,158,790.  The 
total  earnings  for  the  year  above  all  fixed  charges  and  lia- 
bilities were  $3,139,184. 

— Portland,  Or.,  is  going  to  try  the  experiment  of  canning 
horse  flesh.  Horse  meat  as  an  article  of  food  is  not  new  to 
the  people  of  Oregon.  The  old  missionaries  from  1833  to  1844 
used  it  as  a  regular  diet. 

— The  Spring  Valley  Water  Company  are  now  building  a 
tunnel  from  the  Colma  district  about  Lake  Merced  to  the  Pa- 
cific ocean  to  carry  off  all  drainage  water  and  keep  the  lake 
pure.    It  will  cost  $150,000. 

— The  prohibition  of  machinery  from  China  may  end  by  the 
results  of  the  Japanese  war,  and  American  manufactures  have 
a  new  market — a  probability  of  immense  importance  to  the 
industrial  interests  of  this  coast. 

—A  new  oil  well  at  Puente  produces  sixty  barrels  daily. 
Another  one  recently  put  down  yields  fifty  barrels,  while 
from  the  largest  well  120  barrels  are  pumped  daily.  Thirty 
wells  are  now  operated  and  others  are  being  bored. 

— The  Fresno  owners  of  the  new  water  and  electric  power 
plant  being  put  in  on  the  San  Joaquin  river  have  offered  to 
furnish  power  for  machine  shops  of  the  S.  F.  and  S.  J.  "Valley 
Road  if  built  there  at  one-half  the  price  of  steam  power. 

— L.  B.  Frazier,  near  Ukiah,  is  experimenting  with  a  pro- 
ject which,  if  successful,  means  much  to  Mendocino  county. 
He  has  built  a  kiln  and  proposes  to  make  tar,  turpentine  and 
by-products  from  the  unlimited  pine  forests  of  that  region. 

— Some  experienced  paper  mill  men,  who  have  baen  con- 
nected, with  the  Oregon  City,  Or.,  mills,  propose  putting  in  a 
$150,000  plant  at  Green  Basin,  on  the  eastern  division  of  the 
Oregon  Pacific  railroad,  to  make  wood  pulp  from  hemlock  tim- 
ber, which  is  abundant  there. 

— The  Arizona  Marble  Company,  whose  deposits  of  marble 
lie  across  the  Cochise  county  line,  in  Pima  county,  have  sold 
to  a  syndicate  of  Colorado  capitalists  500  carloads  of  marble  to 
be  delivered  as  fast  as" practicable.  This  marble  is  to  be  used 
for  building  purposes,  floors,  etc.,  in  Colorado's  finest 
buildings. 

— DuriDg  the  flood  of  1894  about  twenty-three  fishwheels 
were  washed  out  in  the  Columbia  near  The  Dalles,  Oregon,  at 
a  loss  of  $80,000  to  the  owners.  When  the  season  opened  on 
the  10th  of  last  month  every  wheel  had  been  replaced.  Last 
season  there  was  a  phenomenal  run  of  salmon.  This  year  it 
is  not  expected  to  be  so  large. 

— Besides  the  deplorable  fatality,  seventeen  men  having 
perished,  the  loss  of  the  schooner  C.  G.  White  has  been  a  blow 
to  the  furriers.  After  much  difficulty  Leibes  &  Co.  obtained 
permission  to  hunt  otters  in  Bering  sea,  which  was  pro- 
hibited by  this  Government  for  several  years.  The  White 
had  on  board  fifty  otter  skins  valued  at  $20,000. 

— California  imports  condensed  milk  by  the  trainload.  A 
large  share  of  this  product  is  used  by  California  farmers. 
There  is  no  country  in  the  world  where  milk  can  be  produced 
so  abundantly,  cheaply  or  continuously  as  here,  but  Ave  keep 
right  along  buying  condensed  milk,  and  the  pile  of  empty  cans 
back  of  the  farmers'  houses  keeps  getting  larger. 

— The  right  of  way  for  the  56  miles  of  proposed  railway  be- 
tween Astoria  and  Goble,  Or.,  along  the  south  bank  of  the 
Columbia  river,  has  been  secured.*  There  will  be  three  tun- 
nels on  the  road,  one  of  200  feet-  in  length  aud  one  below 
Ranier  of  175  feet.  Work  can  be  pushed  at  both  ends  of  the 
tunnel,  and  it  can  be  completed  in  eight  or  ten  months. 

— It  is  now  thought  that  the  sale  of  $196,000  worth  of  Los 
Angeles  refunding  bonds  to  Street,  Wykes  &•  Co.  of  New 
York  for  a  premium  of  $20,000  may  have  to  be  canceled  on  ac- 
count of  a  law  which  went  into  effect  on  March  27th,  providing 
that  in  the  case  of  refundiog  bonds  the  original  holders  of  the 
bonds  shall  have  the  first  opportunity  to  purchase  them. 

— L.  Grothwell  of  this  city  proposes  to  run  an  electric  road 
from  Napa  north  to  Calistoga,  twenty-seven  miles.  He  also 
proposes  to  build  to  Napa  Soda  Springs  and  the  asylum  and 
cover  Napa  with  electric  lines.  He  estimates  the  cost  of  the 
proposed  work  at  $400,000.  The  road  to  Calistoga  would 
parallel  the  Southern  Pacific  Company's  road  the  entire 
distance. 

— The  Golden  State  and  Miners'  Iron  Works,  of  this  city, 
have  an  order  from  Harris  &  Witter  for  a  mammoth  clamshell 
dredger  for  the  isthmus;  the  hull  is  to  be  50x100  feet,  10  feet 
depth  of  hold;  the  engines  tandem  compound  condensing, 
spuds  seventy  feet  long  and  twenty-five  inches  diameter,  the 
bucket  to  hold  four  yards  and  be  operated  by  1%-in.  steel 
cable.  An  electric  plant  will  furnish  light,  and  the  entire 
outfit  will  cost  $26,000. 

—There  has  been  submitted  to  the  Mexican  Congress  for 
approval  a  contract  between  the  Mexican  Government  and 
Samuel  Brpthers,  of  the  Citv  of  Mexico,  fpr  the  supply  of 


$2,000,000  worth  of  rolling  stock,  bridges,  and  machinery  for 
shops,  etc.,  for  the  Tehuantepec  railway;  dredges,  tugs  and 
lighters  for  the  harbors,  and  steamships  for  lighthouse  pur- 
poses. Samuel  Brothers  are  also  negotiating  for  the  construc- 
tion of  the  harbors  of  Coatzacoalcos  and  Salina  Cruiz,  on  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  extremities  of  the  Tehuantepec  road. 

— Seattle,  Wash.,  has  given  a  $500,000  subsidy  to  the  Seattle 
and  Lake  Washington  Waterway  Company  to  fill  in  the  tide 
flats  and  excavate  a  ship  canal  to  Lake  Washington.  Work 
will  begin  on  the  23rd.  It  includes  excavation  of  two  water- 
ways, connecting  the  Duwamish  river  with  the  sound,  the 
excavation  of  a  canal  from  the  harbor  to  Lake  Washington,  a 
distance  of  two  miles,  and  the  filling  of  about  1500  acres  of 
tide  lands.  It  will  cost  about  $7,000,000  and  occupy  about  five 
years ;  the  money  will  be  furnished  by  St.  Louis  parties,  rep- 
resented by  the  "Mississippi  Valley  Trust  Company. 

— Two  extensions  of  the  Washington  &  Columbia  River  Rail- 
road are  contemplated.  One  plan  is  to  build  from  Dayton, 
Wash.,  to  Grain  City  on  Smoke  river,  tapping  a  productive 
country.  Another  plan  is  to  construct  a  new  line  from  Pendle- 
ton, Or.,  to  Camas  Prairie  and  the  John  Day  region,  involving 
eventually  construction  through  to  California,  coming  into 
this  State  at  the  head  of  the  Sacramento  valley,  with  San 
Francisco  as  the  objective  point.  The  latter  line  will  run 
through  Umatilla,  Grant,  Harney  and  Lake  counties  in  Oregon 
and  enter  this  State  at  the  northern  border  of  Modoc  county. 
— The  iron  ship  May  Flint  is  due  next  month  with  5000 
tons  of  coal  from  Baltimore.  She  spreads  10,000  square  yards 
of  canvas  and  is  the  largest  sailing  vessel  afloat.  She  has 
four  steel  masts,  and  from  the  keel  to  the  topmost  point  of 
each  mast  is  184  feet.  The  masts  from  deck  to  truck  measure 
159  feet.  The  fore,  main  and  crossjack  yards  are  each  93  feet, 
the  bowspirt  and  jibboom  40  feet,  and  spanker  boom  56  feet. 
The  masts  are  hollow  and  30  inches  across  at  the  deck.  The 
ship  will  carry  30  sails,  or  enough  canvas  to  make  an  awning  a 
mile  square.  The  few  sailing  vessels  that  approach  the  May 
Flint  in  size  are  the  French  five-masted  steel  bark  France, 
3624  tons;  the  British  four-mast  ship  Liverpool,  3330  tons,  and 
the  American  four-masted  ships  Roanoke  and  Shenandoah, 
3400  and  3258  tons  respectively.  The  May  Flint  is  3923  tons. 
— The  most  important  results  of  the  Japanese-Chinese  war 
that  has  just  ended  will  be  found  not  in  the  money  indemnity 
that  China  will  pay  nor  the  territory  it  will  cede  to  its  vic- 
torious antagonist.  These  results  will  come  in  the  industrial 
revolution  which  China  will  receive  from  its  conqueror.  In 
this  China  will  gain  far  more  than  it  has  lost,  while  the 
Japanese  as  leaders  in  the  new  civilization  will  achieve 
greater  triumphs  than  any  which  war  affords.  The  opening  of 
the  Chinese  Empire  to  the  arts  and  industries  of  a  higher 
civilization  is  an  event  of  interest  and  importance  to  Cali- 
fornia and  the  Pacific  coast.  The  manufacturing  nations  of 
Europe,  especially  England,  will  look  on  this  movement  with 
little  favor;  but  it  is  wholly  beyond  their  power  to  prevent  it. 
The  first  result  will  be  an  enlai'ged  demand  for  lumber,  the 
next  a  market  opened  for  mining,  milling,  manufacturing  and 
agricultural  machinery. 

— Mr.  T.  G.  Cantrell  of  the  National  Iron  Works,  being  re- 
cently asked  for  his  opinion  as  to  how  best  add  to  the  State's 
population,  said:  "Causes  must  be  created  to  produce  a  de- 
sired effect.  The  natural  tendency  of  people  is  to  go  where 
they  can  find  remuneration  for  their  labor.  In  the  early  his- 
tory of  the  State,  gold  mining  was  the  primary  cause  for  in- 
ducing immigration.  The  same  industry  to-day,  if  pursued 
legitimately,  would  draw  more  people  to  the  State,  and, 
through  the  demand  for  necessary  machinery,  supplies,  etc., 
create  renewed  activity  in  San  Francisco's  business  commu- 
nity, and  in  consequence  invite  new-comers.  The  world  suf- 
fers from  overproduction  in  everything  but  gold,  and  Cali- 
fornia possesses  the  precious  metal  in  greater  quantities  and 
with  more  advantageous  facilities  for  its  extraction  than  any 
other  part  of  the  country.  Let  it  be  known  that  capital  takes 
no  greater  risk  in  mining  than  in  other  enterprises,  with 
promise  of  a  better  profit  than  can  be  realized  from  any  other 
investment  at  the  present  time.  Encourage  an  industry  that 
invites  seekers  after  wealth,  and  people  will  flock  here  in- 
stead of  going  to  Africa,  Australia  or  Alaska.  By  a  revival 
of  the  legitimate  mining  interest,  there  will  be  no  more 
trouble  in  getting  500,000  people  in  San  Francisco  than  when 
it  was  discovered  that  gold  was  to  be  found  here  forty  years 
ago." 

Obituary. 


J.  H.  Seelly,  president  of  Amherst  College,  died  there  last 
Sunday  in  the  71st  year  of  his  age. 

H.  H.  Cotton,  an  old  and  well-known  miner,  was  instantly 
killed  last  Thursday  by  a  cave  in  the  Malakoff  mine  near 
North  Bloomfield,  Nevada  county. 

Superintendent  J.  F.  Lemon,  of  the  New  Carmine  mine  in 
the  State  of  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  and  two  other  Americans, 
were  killed  recently  by  Mexicans.  The  cause  of  the  murder 
is  as  yet  unknown. 

Dr.  Jay  Guy  Lewis,  a  well  known  mining  man,  died  at  his 
home  in  Sparta,  Oregon,  last  Sunday,  after  a  brief  illness,  of 
erysipelas.  Dr.  Lewis  was  superintendent  of  Oregon's  ex- 
hibit at  the  World's  Fair. 

Franklin  Fairbanks  died  at  his  home  in  St.  Johusbury, 
Vt.,  April  24,  1895,  in  his  07th  year.  He  was  the  youngest  of 
four  sons  of  Erastus  Fairbanks,  Governor  of  Vermont,  and 
founder  of  the  famous  scale  works  to  which  he  gave  his  name. 
He  lived  all  his  life  and  died  in  his  native  town. 

Eckley  B.  Coxe  died  at  Hazleton,  Pa.,  last  Monday,  aged 
65  years.  He  graduated  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1858.  After  six  months  in  the  anthracite  coal  region  of  Penn- 
sylvania, he  engaged  in  topographical  geology,  and  went 
abroad  in  1S60.  Two  years  were  passed  at  the  Ecole  des 
Mines  in  Paris,  and  a  year  in  the  Freiberg  mining  school, 
after  which  he  continued  for  nearly  two  years  studying  the 
mines  in  England  and  f^ntinental  Europe.  As  an  expert  on 
the  mining  and  prepural  ion  of  anthracite  coal,  and  on  the  sub- 
ject of  mine  surveying,  Mr.  Coxe  frequently  lectured  before 
scientific  bodies.  He  was  prominent  in  the  American  Insti- 
tute of  Mining  Engineers,  being  its  president  from  May,  1S7S, 
until  February,  1SS0;  also,  in  the  Institute  of  Mechanical  En- 
gineers, of  which  he  was  vice-president  from  April,  1S80,  until 
November,  18S1 ;  and  he  was  a  member  of  the  American  So- 
ciety of  Civil  Engineers.  He  published  papers  on  technical 
subjects,  chiefly  in  the  transactions  of  the  societies  of  which 
he  was  a  member,  and  translated  the  first  volume  of  the 
fourth  edition  of  Weishbach's  "Mechanics  of  Engineering 
and  Construction  of  Machines."  From  1880  until  1884  he  was 
a  State  Senator  in  Pennsylvania. 


J.  L.  Stewart,  of  Philadelphia,  is  here  aDd 
talks  of  building  fifteen  gas  works  in  as  mauy 
different  coast  cities.  He  thinks  the  charges  in  San 
Francisco  for  gas  are  unnecessarily  high;  the  two 
gas  companies  charge  $2  a  thousand  feet.  He 
says  he  can  furnish  it  for  SI  a  thousand  and  then 
make  money.  He  estimates  that  the  new  plant 
here,  with  the  mains  requisite,  will  cost  $3,000,000. 
With  gas  at  $1  a  thousand  feet  it  would  be  as 
cheap  as  coal  at;  $7  $  ton. 


Mav  18,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


311 


Notes  on   decent   Compressed  Air  Plants. 

To  hie  Editor:  The  B'ultou  Engineering  and 
Ship-Building  Works  of  this  city  are  at  present  ex- 
tensively occupied  in  the  manufacture  of  specially 
high-class  compressed  air  plants  for  different  enter 
prises  in  this  State. 

It  is  now  less  than  a  year  since  this  company  began 
to  make  air  transmission  one  of  their  specialties,  and 
y<  t  they  have  in  the  course  of  construction  the  three 
most  ins'  i  pressed  air  plants  ever   put  in 

&  'S  a   number  of  -mailer  ones  which 
are  no  ly  interesting  in  their  nature. 

The  largest  plant,  vi/.  ,  the  700-horse  power  plant 
to  operati  the  pneumatic  guns  at  the  Presidio,  has 
in  touched  upon  in  a  former  communica- 
tion. This  plant  is  nearly  finished  and  in  the  course 
of  the  next  thirty  days  will  be  tested.  In  appear- 
ance it  even  exceeds  the  anticipations  of  its  designers, 
and  scientific  results  are  expected  from  this  test. 

The  most  interesting  plant  to  miners  in  this  State 
i.-  that  for  the  North  Star  Mining  Co.,  of  Grass  Val- 
ley. This  company  proposes  to  inaugurate  800- 
horse  power  for  the  operation  of  the  various  engines 
and  motors  connected  with  the  mines  in  their  charge. 
The  first  plaut  of  250-horse  power  is  now  under 
course  of  construction  by  the  Fulton  Company. 

The  North  Star  Company,  during  the  last  six 
months,  have  been  investigating  the  comparative 
methods  of  electrical  and  compressed  air  transmis- 
sion, and  for  their  work  have  decided  in  favor  of  the 
latter.  A  steel  pipe,  of  twenty  inches  in  diameter 
■omething  over  a  mile  long,  conveys  the  power 
water,  under  a  pressure  of  775  feet,  down  to  Wolf 
creek  in  the  town  of  Grass  Valley.  Directly  on  the 
creek  will  be  erected  a  stone  power-house  and  dis- 
t  ributing  manifolds  for  the  three  plants,  the  first  of 
which  is  at  present  being  installed. 

About  125  feet  vertically  above  the  power-house, 
and  1500  feet  distant,  will  be  located  the  hoisting 
works  and  machinery  first  to  be  operated  by  this 
plant. 

In  the  design  and  construction  of  this  plant  it  has 
been  the  endeavor  to  make  it  the  most  economical 
water  power  compressed  air  plant  ever  made.  The 
t  epe  of  the  water  wheel  has  not  yet  been  selected, 
but  it  will  be  either  the  Knight  or  the  Pelton  wheel, 
depending  upon  some  tests  which  are  now  being 
made.  The  wheel  will  be  placed  directly  upon  the 
shaft,  and  be  about  nineteen  feet  in  diameter. 

The  compressors  will  be  of  the  duplex  Rix  tandem 
compound  type,  having  submerged  copper  inter- 
coolers  of  large  extent.  The  cylinders  of  these  com- 
pressors will  be  so  connected  that  auy  cylinder  or 
half  of  any  cylinder  can  be  operated  independently 
of  the  whole  system.  -The  water  wheel  will  make  110 
revolutions,  and  the  regulating  devices  will  be  such 
as  to  maintain  this  speed  and  to  operate  the  wheel  at 
one-fourth,  one-half,  three-fourths  and  full  gate  eco- 
nomically. 

The  air  will  be  conducted  from  the  compressor  to 
the  mine  in  a  large  main  and  will  there  pass  through 
a  reheater  of  peculiar  and  special  design.  In  this  re- 
heater  the  air  will  be  heated  to  betweeu  200°  and 
300°  P.,  increasing  its  volume  about  35%;  and  thence 
directly  to  the  hoisting  engines,  and  through  care- 
fully insulated  pipes  to  pumping  engines  some  three 
or  four  hundred  feet  below  the  surface. 

In  comparing  this  plant  with  electrical  transmis- 
sion, it  is  expected  that  the  economy  will  be  vastly 
superior.  There  is  no  doubt  that  in  comparing  these 
two  modes  of  transmission,  for  short  distances,  elec- 
tricity is  vastly  inferior  in  economy,  and  for  the  fol- 
lowing reasons:  The  water  wheel  will  of  course  give 
the  same  efficiency  in  either  case;  the  dynamo  will 
give  an  efficiency  not  to  exceed  that  of  a  compound 
compressor  built  in  the  style  of  the  Rix  compressors. 
Allowing  for  short  distances,  the  electrical  trans- 
mission on  the  wire  will  suffer  no  more  loss  than 
compressed  air  in  a  good-sized  pipe;  thus  one  can  see 
that  the  same  power  will  arrive  at  the  motors  in 
either  case.  At  this  point  there  is  no  means  of  in- 
creasing the  quantity  or  the  pressure  of  the  elec- 
trical force  and  it  must  go  to  its  motor  as  it  stands, 
while  with  compressed  air,  at  an  expenditure  of  not 
more  than  one-quarter  of  a  pound  of  coke  per  horse 
power  per  hour,  which  is  insignificant,  the  volume 
may  be  increased  35,°<i  and  used  at  once  in  the  motors. 
This  places  the  net  efficiency  far  higher  than  can  be 
expected  in  electrical  transmission. 

This  is  the  first  reheating  plant  placed  in  a  mine  in 
this  State,  and  possibly  of  this  nature  in  the  United 
States.  The  principle  of  the  system  is  that  employed 
in  the  large  power  transmissions  of  Paris  and  of 
Birmingham,  Eng.,  and  which  have  demonstrated 
that  compressed  air  power  is  the  cheapest  yet  served 
from  any  power  station  that  has  to  purchase  its  fuel 
for  prime  movers. 

There  is  little  doubt  that  the  result  of  some  ex- 
periments now  being  conducted  under  my  super- 
vision will  show  that  air  motors  may  be  constructed 
in  such  a  manner  and  of  such  material  that  air  re- 
heated to  500°  may  be  successfully  used.  If  this  is 
the  case  the  transmission  losses  would  be  done  away 
with,  and  the  original  prime  mover  power  can  be 
used  at  the  motors.  In  the  use  of  compressed  air  in 
mines  there  need  be  no  changes  of  any  consequence 
in  the  ordinary  steam  motors  and  pumps,  and  there- 
fore it  entails  a  less  expense  in  changes   and   altera- 


tions  in   its   installment:    and    besides,    the    exhaust 
from  an  air  motor  is  not  offensivi — in  fact,  it  a 
in  purifying  the  air  underground. 

I  think  in  the  near  future  the  advantages  of  com- 
pressed air  transmission  will  be  more  generally 
knowledged  than  at  present,  and  that  there  is  abun- 
dant opportunity  in  this  Slate  for  its  economical  use. 

The  Pulton  Company  are  also  building  a  large  com- 
pressed air  plant  for  the  Golden  Cross  Mining  Com 
pany,  consisting  of  eighteen-inch  Rix  compressors 
driven  by  condensing  Corliss  engines.  This  will  make 
an  economical  plant,  and  all  mines  which  have  any 
regard  for  their  wood  pile  should  operate  their  com 
pressed  air  machinery  by  economical  engines.  When 
this  plant  is  in  operation  data  will  be  furnished  to 
the  public,  giving  the  amount  of  wood  consumed  per 
twenty  four  hours  for  operating  the  rock  drills 
driven  by  this  plant,  so  that  mine  owners  can  make 
a  comparison  with  the  plants  which  they  are  now 
operating.  Corliss  engines  now  are  very  little  more 
expensive  than  slide-valve  engines  and  in  running, 
condensing  like  this  plant,  the  fuel  bill  will  be  at 
least  40%  less.  In  a  large  plant  this  will  pay  for  the 
difference  of  cost  in  a  very  short  time. 

The  Fulton  Company,  as  stated  before,  are  making 
a  specialty  of  this  subject  of  compressed  air  trans- 
mission, and  are  guaranteeing  economic  results. 
Any  one  desiring  information  in  the  matter  will  re- 
ceive full  data  upon  addressing  the  company  a  com- 
munication. It  is  entirely  probable  that  any  ordinary 
compressed  air  transmission  can  be  installed  at  no 
greater  expense  than  an  electrical  one  and  with  bet- 
ter economic  results.  E.   A.  Rix. 

San  Francisco,  May  15th,  1895. 


The  Genesis  of  Ore  Deposits. 


One  of  the  most  notable  recent  contributions  to 
the  science  of  economic  geology,  viewed  from  the 
theoretical  standpoint,  says  the  Engineering  Magazine, 
is  the  criticism  by  Prof.  Joseph  Le  Conte  (offered  at 
the  Bridgeport  meeting  of  the  American  Institute  of 
Mining  Engineers)  on  Bergrath  F.  Posepny's  great 
essay  on  the  genesis  of  ore  deposits.  This  latter 
has  elicited  much  interesting  and  some  useful  discus- 
sion. After  doing  justice  to  the  high  merits  of 
Posepny's  treatise,  Prof.  Le  Coute  "cannot  but  think 
that  he  (Posepny)  carries  his  ascension  views  much 
too  far;  that,  in  his  zeal  against  the  extreme  lateral- 
secretion  views  of  Sandberger,  he  has  gone  to  the 
other  extreme  of  ascensionism,  and  that  a  truer 
view  of  either  may  be  found  in  one  that  shall  com- 
bine and  reconcile  these  two  extremes."  It  will  be 
remembered  that  Posepuy  draws  a  sharp  distinction 
between  the  superficial  and  the  deep  circulation  of 
underground  waters;  the  water  in  the  former  case 
containing  air,  and  therefore  oxidizing;  the  water  in 
the  other  case  being  destitute  of  air,  and  therefore 
non-oxidizing;  the  one  circulation  being  driven  by 
gravity  alone,  the  direction  of  current  being  de- 
termined by  the  plane  of  outflow;  the  other  being 
driven  largely  by  heat  received  in  the  lower  parts  of 
its  circuits,  and  the  direction  of  its  current  being 
mainly  upward — from  which  view  it  follows  that 
metallic  sulphides  are  not  deposited  from  the  waters 
of  the  "  vadose "  (superficial)  circulation,  unless 
under  the  exceptional  conditions  of  the  presence  of 
excess  of  organic  matter;  and  therefore  that  the 
presence  of  metals  in  the  form  of  sulphides  is  usually 
a  sign  of  deposit  from  ascending  waters  of  the  deeper 
non-oxidizing  circulation.  Posepny  has  also  intro- 
duced, as  a  substitute  for  the  indefinite  "unknown 
depths"  of  other  geologists,  the  term  "  barysphere" 
to  define  a  region  in  the  interior  of  the  earth,  the 
materials  of  which  are  heavier,  because  more 
metalliferous,  than  the  superficial  "  lithosphere " 
visible  to  us.  This  "barysphere"  would  therefore 
be  the  source  of  ore  deposits,  and  not  the  higher 
rocks;  but  Sandberger  and  his  followers  have  dem- 
onstrated by  defined  analyses  that  these  upper  rocks, 
especially  in  their  heavier  basic  mineral  constituents, 
contain  the  metals  in  sufficient  quantity  to  form  ore 
deposits  by  leaching,  concentration  and  precipi- 
tation. 

Prof.  Le  Conte,  inquiring  whether  there  is  a 
' '  barysphere "  within  reach  of  circulating  water, 
admits  (as  all  do)  that  there  must  be  such  a  region 
somewhere,  but  doubts  whether  it  is  near  enough  to 
the  surface.  The  mean  density  of  the  earth  as  a 
whole  being  about  5.5,  while  that  of  the.  surface 
rocks  is  about  2.5,  he  argues  that,  assuming  the 
simplest  rate  of  increase — a  uniform  one — the  central 
density  would  be  14.5,  and  an  actual  density  equal  to 
the  mean  density  would  be  found  at  a  depth  of  1000 
miles.  At  a  depth  of  100  miles,  therefore,  the  in- 
crease would  be  0.3  and  the  density  only  2.8;  but 
that  is  only  about  the  density  of  the  more  basic 
eruptives.  But  Prof.  Le  Conte  does  not  believe  it 
probable  that  circulating  water  ever  comes  up  from 
any  such  depth.  It  may  come,  he  thinks,  from  as 
deep  as  ten  miles,  where  the  increase  over  the  super- 
ficial density  would  be  wholly  inappreciable.  If  the 
rate  of  increase  is  not  uniform,  on  either  explanation 
of  the  high  mean  density  of  the  earth,  whether  (1)  by 
condensation  by  increasing  pressure  or  (2)  arrange- 
ments of  materials  of  a  primal  fused  earth  according 
to  their  relative  specific  gravities — the  probability 
being  in  favor  of  both  causes — at  all  events  the  in- 
crease must  be  progressive  toward  the  center,  and 


he  thinks  il  hard  to  conceive  the  conditions  under 
which  a  dense  metalliferous  shell  a  little  way  beneath 
the  surface  could  be  formed.  From  a' chain  of 
reasoning  which  cannot  be  followed  here  he  concludes 
that  below  a  certain  moderate  depth— say  eight  or 
ten  miles-there  is  no  true  circulation.  Below  this 
the  compactness  of  the  rocks  from  increasing  pres- 
sure would  inhibit  further  penetration,  while  capil- 
larity,  which  strongly  impels  movement  in  dry, 
porous  materials,  also  acts  as  strongly  to  retard  it. 
once  the  rocks  become  saturated. 

Prof.  Le  Conte  believes  that  a  more  comprehensive 
theory  than  the  ascension  or  the  lateral-secretion 
theories  is  needed,  and  that,  in  the  uncolored  light 
of  a  broader  view,  many  of  the  difficulties  and  ob- 
scurities of  the  subject  disappear.  His  general  con- 
clusions are  ; 

"1.  Ore  deposits,  using  the  term  in  its  widest 
sense,  may  take  place  from  many  kinds  of  waters, 
but  especially  from  alkaline  solutions,  for  these  are 
the  natural  solvents  of  metallic  sulphides,  and  metallic 
sulphides  are  usually  the  original  form  of  such  de- 
posits. 

"2.  They  may  take  place  from  waters  at  any 
temperature  and  pressure,  but  mainly  from  those  at 
high  temperature  and  under  heavy  pressure,  be- 
cause, on  account  of  their  great  solvent  power,  such 
waters  are  heavily  freighted  with  metals. 

"  3.  The  depositing  waters  may  be  moving  in  any 
direction — up-coming,  horizontally  moving,  or  even 
sometimes  down-going,  but  mainly  up-coming,  be- 
cause by  losing  heat  and  pressure  at  every  step 
such  waters  are  sure  to  deposit  abundantly."  [This 
has  been  used  by  some  as  an  argument  that  mines, 
as  a  general  rule,  increase  in  richness  with  depth — a 
state  of  things  not  substantiated  by  experience.] 

"  4.  Deposits  may  take  place  in  any  kind  of  water- 
ways— in  open  fissures,  in  incipient  fissures,  joints, 
cracks,  and  even  in  porous  sandstone,  but  especially 
in  great  open  fissures,  because  these  are  the  main 
highways  of  ascending  waters  from  the  greatest 
depths. 

"5.  Deposits  may  be  found  in  many  regions  and 
in  many  kinds  of  rocks,  but  mainly  in  mountain 
regions  and  in  metamorphic  and  igneous  rocKs, 
because  the  thermosphere  is  nearer  the  surface,  and 
ready  access  thereto  through  great  fissures  is  found 
mostly  in  these  regions  and  in  these  rocks." 


The  Oro  Blanco  Country. 


Written   by  Don  C.   Pickett.  Ex-Superintendent  of   the  Quljotoa 
Mines. 

The  Oro  Blanco  range  commences  about  sixty-five 
miles  south  of  Tucson,  Arizona,  takes  a  southeasterly 
course  through  the  southern  part  of  Pima  county 
and  enters  Sonora,  Mexico,  about  nine  miles  south 
of  the  little  town  of  Oro  Blanco. 

The  altitude  of  the  Oro  Blanco  country  vat  ies  from 
3000  to  4500  feet  above  sea  level. 

The  general  formation  in  and  about  the  locality  is 
porphyry,  with  some  granite  scattered  throughout 
the  hills  and  canyons.  The  Oro  Blanco  mining 
claim  consists  of  a  full  sized  claim,  being  600  feet  in 
width'  by  1500  in  length.  The  strike  of  the  vein  is 
a  little  north  of  west  and  south  of  east. 

As  I  followed  the  ledge  over  the  surface,  I  found 
many  traces  of  work  done  years  ago,  no  doubt 
by  Mexicans  or  Spaniards;  and  at  one  place,  immedi- 
ately west  of  the  shaft,  the  entire  vein  had  been 
taken  out  for  the  length  of  150  feet,  and  to  a  depth 
of  at  least  thirty  feet.  This  work  had  been  many 
years  ago,  and  from  the  fact  that  I  could  find  but 
very  little  traces  of  a  "  dump"  on  or  about  the  mine, 
I  could  only  conclude  that  the  ore  taken  out  had 
been  worked  to  almost  the  last  pound  in  the  crude 
way  peculiar  to  those  early  miners. 

From  inquiry  made  in  regard  to  this  work,  I  was 
reliably  informed  that  at  one  time,  some  thirty-five 
years  ago,  there  were  forty-seven  arrastras  at  work 
on  this  ground,  and  over  150  people  lived  on  the  pro- 
ceeds taken  from  this  ledge.  In  evidence  of  this,  I 
looked  for  and  found  many  traces  of  arrastras  in  the 
canyon  and  flat  immediately  below  the  work. 
That  the  ore  taken  out  from  this  long  deep  cut  paid 
well  in  gold  is  beyond  question,  else,  a  whole  com- 
munity could  not  have  existed  upon  the  proceeds  by 
their  slow  and  crude  methods.  From  the  fact  that 
no  waste  dump  could  be  found  in  or  about  the  can- 
yon and  flat  where  the  arrastras  had  been  located, 
or  at  the  mine,  it  would  appear  that  nearly  every 
pound  had  been  worked  in  some  manner.  The  cut 
is  filled  to  some  depth  by  debris  and  wash  from  the 
hillside,  carried  down  by  the  action  of  rain  and 
storms,  but  the  walls  of  the  ledge  stand  firm  and 
can  be  distinctly  seen  throughout  the  entire  length 
of  the  excavation.  I  would  say  that  at  least  1500 
tons  of  ore  have  been  taken  from  this  cut  and  other 
excavations  along  the  ledge. 

That  the  mine  should  have  been  abandoned  by  the 
Mexican  owners  of  that  time  was  something  of  a 
mystery  to  me,  and  I  endeavored  to  find  out  the 
reason  for  its  abandonment.  From  John  Bartlett 
and  R.  N.  Leatherwood  I  learned  that  in  the  early 
"  sixties  "  about  forty  families  lived  in  the  canyon, 
and  virtually  gained  their  living  by  the  gold  produced 
from  the  Oro  Blanco  mine.  Few  white  men 
lived  in  the  country  at  the  time,  but  the  few  who 
did  live  here  concluded   that  if   the  mine   was   good 


312 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18,  1895. 


for  the  Mexicans  it  was  good  for  them,  so  a  number 
of  them  banded  together  and  ran  the  Mexicans  out, 
giving  as  a  reason  that  they,  the  Mexicans,  not  being 
citizens  of  the  United  States,  could  not  own  and 
work  mining  claims  within  the  limits  of  the  United 
States. 

The  mine  was  then  located  and  claimed  by  the  head 
instigators  of  the  outrage.  While  the  arrastra 
process  was  sufficient  to  satisfy  the  slow-going  Mexi- 
cans, it  failed  to  satisfy  the  more  ambitious  Ameri- 
cans. A  ton  per  week  to  the  arrastra,  together 
with  the  fact  that  while  one  mau  worked  with  the 
pick  and  shovel  two  must  stand  guard  to  protect  the 
ore  from  Indians  and  wandering  bands  of  criminal 
Mexicans,  soon  convinced  them  that  they  had  ac- 
quired something  they  could  not  utilize,  hence  the 
mine  was  abandoned.  It 
lay  unclaimed  for  a  num- 
ber of  years,  and  time, 
storms  and  Indians  ob- 
literated nearly  every 
trace  and  habitation  of 
the  people  that  once 
lived  and  prospered  on 
the  proceeds  of  the  mine. 

In  later  years  silver 
mining  took  up  the  time 
and  attention  of  most  of 
the  miners  of  this  coun- 
try, and  gold  ores  of  $15 
tq  $20  per  ton  were 
passed  over  by  miners 
in  their  quest  for  high- 
grade  silver  ores.  It  is 
only  in  the  past  eighteen 
months  that  the  demand 
for  gold  properties  has 
sent  the  prospectors 
seeking  the  yellow  metal 
in  this  quarter,  and 
among  the  first  claims 
taken  up  and  located  in 
this  district  was  the  old 
Oro  Blanco.  Since  that 
time  a  new  shaft  has 
been  sunk  and  the  prop- 
erty slowly  developed,  and  under  modern  machinery 
and  management  it  bids  fair  to  become  a  valuable 
property. 

About  fifty  feet  from  the  easterly  end  of  the  cut, 
and  yet  further  east  than  the  shaft  sunk  by  the 
present  owners,  a  shaft  was -put  down  during  the 
early  part  of  last  year,  and  twenty  tons  of  the  ore 
milled  at  the  Yellow  Jacket  mill  as  a  test  of  its 
value  and  to  pay  expenses  of  the  work.  The  su- 
perintendent of  the  Yellow  Jacket  mill  informed  me 


eighty  miles,  and  a  new  wagon-road  over  the  moun- 
tains to  Nogales,  a  distance  of  thirty-two  miles, 
give  cheap  freights  and  good  service.  The  climate 
and  water  of  the  Oro  Blanco  mountains  cannot  be 
surpassed  in  any  mining  camp  in  the  United  States. 


The  flerralls  Hill. 


The  Merralls  Hydraulic  Quartz  Mill  is  the  latest 
applicant  for  favor  in  the  eyes  of  the  miner  for  pul- 
verization of  ore.  The  claim  of  the  owner  and  in- 
ventor that  this  mill  is  based  on  common-sense  ideas, 
and  is  superior  to  any  other  wet  mill  now  in  exist- 
ence, is  to  be  determined  by  practical  test. 

"  As  shown  in  the  accompanying  illustration,  the 


THE    MERRALLS    HYDRAULIC    QUARTZ    MILL. 

cast-iron  bottom  of  mill  rests  on  heavy  trestles,  on 
which  are  cast  the  annular  mortar,  and  in  which 
rests  the  steel  die,  C. 

"  S  shows  the  chute  for  carrying  off  the  pulverized 
ore  and  water  as  it  comes  through  the  screens,  T, 
and  is  conveyed  to  the  amalgamated  plates,  as 
shown.  Tare  the  screens,  the  entire  circumference 
of  the  mill,  which  gives  this  mill  very  large  screen 
area.  Consequently  the  ore  is  not  slimed,  for,  as 
soon  as  pulverized,  it  passes  out  of  the  mill   into   the 


three  way  cock,  0,  is  opened.  U  is  a  relief  valve, 
that  can  be  set  at  any  desired  pressure,  and  regu- 
lates the  amount  of  pressure  on  the  piston,  H,  and 
in  the  tank,  K.  At  A  is  shown  the  hinged  box  in 
which  the  wheel  shaft,  R,  revolves,  and  on  which  are 
keyed  the  crushing  wheels,  B.  JFsbows  the  massive 
coil  springs,  in  nests,  that  receive  the  pressure  that 
is  imparted  by  the  action  of  the  water  on  the  piston, 
H,  through  the  spider,  as  shown;  and  when  the 
pressure  is  on,  the  steel  springs,  W,  close  within 
three  inches,  so  that  in  case  a  bolt,  nut,  drill  or 
hammer  should  get  into  the  mill,  each  wheel  will  lift 
up  and  pass  over  the  obstruction.  Each  wheel  acts 
independent  of  the  other  one,  and  is  hinged  by  the 
hinge  bolt,  G.  At  V  are  shown  the  water  pipes 
from  tank  to  piston;  L,  the  gears;  D,  splash  apron. 
A7",  JSf  show  tight  and 
loose  pulleys.  At  0  is 
shown  the  step-box  that 
holds  the  upright  shaft 
in  position.  X  shows 
the  tension  nut,  on  the 
top  of  the  upright 
shaft,  to  regulate  the 
height  of  the  spider. 

Ore  is  fed  into  the 
mill  from  the  self-feeder, 
or  by  hand,  through  the 
ore  chute;  and  as  the 
crushing  wheels  revolve, 
it  is  thrown  under  them 
and  soon  reduced.  The 
scrapers  (not  shown) 
keep  the  ore  on  the  die. 
As  soon  as  reduced  fine 
enough,  it  passes  out 
of  the  screens,  conse- 
quently is  not  slimed, 
but  in  a  good  condition 
for  concentrating.  By 
turning  the  three  -  way 
cock,  any  desired  pres- 
sure can  be  brought  on 
the  crushing  wheels — 10, 
15,  20,  25  or  even  50 
tons  pressure  on  each 
wheel — and  this  instantly  and  with  no  dead  weight 
to  be  carried  around,  as  the  ball-bearing  under 
the  piston  and  between  the  collar  on  the  shaft 
reduces  the  large  amount  of  friction  that  might 
exist.  It  has  at  the  same  time  a  twisting  mo- 
tion, on  the  same  principle  as  one  standing  with  a 
walnut  under  his  heel,  his  whole  weight  resting  on 
it,  and  it  does  not  crack;  but  the  moment  one  twist 
is  given  by  the  foot,  the  entire  molecular  structure 
of  the  shell  is  broken.     So   with   the  manner   of  re- 


HOW  COAL  IS  HANDLED  HERE— READY  FOR  THE  RETAILER. 


PART    OF    A    YARD.— Sec  pofle  305. 


that  the  ore  gave  t  1  average  of  $20.50  per 
ton  in  gold.  The  shaft  is  sunk  on  the  vein,  and  goes 
down  almost  vertical,  the  ledge  having  hardly  any 
"dip"  or  incline.  The  walls  are  porphyry,  smooth 
and  well  defined,  with  a  clay  gouge  from  one  to  three 
inches  thick  on  each  wall.  The  vein  is  from  five  to 
six  feet  in  width  between  walls:  the  vein  matter 
is  composed  of  soft  decora;  osed  porphyry  and  ground 
up,  granulated  quartz,  thoroughly  disseminated 
through  it,  most  all  of  whijh  is  stained  with  oxidized 
iron.  The  soft,  ground-up  condition  of  the  vein 
shows  immense  action  at  some  time  or  other.  The 
gold  extracted  from  this  ore  is  of  a  character  known 
as  fine  "shot  gold,"  being  heavy  and  remarkably 
pure,  notwithstanding  the  fact  that  the  name  "Oro 
Blanco  "  signifies  "  white  gold." 

From  seven  samples,  laken  from  the  ends  and 
bottom  of  the  shaft,  re  turns  were  made  of  an 
average  of  $13.50  gold  and  2.60  ounces  silver  per  ton. 

Labor  can  be  procured  lA\  from  $1.50  to  $3  per  day 
for  miners  and  from  $1  to  $1.50  for  common  laborers. 

First-class  roads  from  Tucson,  a  distance  of  about 


chute,  S.  B,  Bare  the  crushing  wheels,  made  open, 
as  shown,  to  facilitate  the  discharge  of  the  crushed 
pulp  through  (he  screens.  Bl  shows  the  steel 
tire  or  shoe  around  the  wheels,  B,  B,  made  very 
massive  and  strong.  At  /  is  shown  the  cylinder, 
bolted  to  the  pan,  in  which  is  the  piston,  H,  with 
part  of  the  piston  extending  up  the  upright  shaft. 
At  X  is  shown  a  collar  securely  fastened  to  the 
shaft,  and  between  the  collar  and  piston,  H,  is  a  ball- 
bearing. These  are  steel  balls  running  in  oil  to  re- 
duce the  friction  that  occurs  when  the  pressure  of 
water  is  applied  to  the  piston,  H.  This  piston  has  a 
leather  cap  (common  to  all  hydraulic  valves)  fixed  on 
it,  and  does  not  revolve,  being  held  by  the  chains, 
but  the  upright  shaft  revolves  through  it.  F\s  the 
top  of  the  cylinder,  bolted  to  the  cylinder.  E  shows 
the  inside  cone  of  the  annular  mortar  around  which 
the  crushing  wheels  revolve.  At  P  is  shown  the 
pumps  on  the  horizontal  shaft,  M.  K  shows  the 
tank  or  receiver  for  the  water  that  is  pumped  by 
the  pump,  P.  In  this  tank  is  a  column  of  air  which 
acts  as  a  spring  .,to  drive  out  the  water  when  the 


ducingores  in  this  mill,  which  is  going  on  continu- 
ally. As  fast  as  it  is  fed  into  the  mill,  it  is  under 
the  crushing  wheels,  reduced,  and  out  over  the  amal- 
gamated plates,  ready  for  amalgamation.  Having 
been  ground  by  the  twisting  motion  of  the  wheels" 
the  gold  is  brightened  and  the  rust  or  film  removed, 
hence  a  large  saving  here  takes  place  which  will 
pay  for  a  mill  in  a  short  time,  by  reason  of  this 
scouring  of  the  gold." 

W.  A.  Merralls  is  the  inventor  and  owner  of  this 
mill.  His  address  is  Room  12,  3rd  floor,  Mills  Build- 
ing, San  Franciscr>. 


We  hear  of  finds  in  other  parts  of  the  State,  and 
of  course,  all  are  "  rich."  The  orchardist  and  gar- 
dener put  the  big  peaches  and  strawberries  on  top 
in  the  box;  so  the  miner,  being  human,  does  not 
hide  his  nuggets  at  the  bottom  of  the  ore-sack. 


When  a  belt  gets  saturated  with  waste  oil,  an  ap- 
plication of  ground  chalk  will  goon  absorb  the  oil  and 
make  the  belt  workable, 


May   18,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


313 


Scientific 


Progress. 


A  Changing  Map  of  Trade. 


The   (ge  of  Stal  says:     "There  is  no 
fixedness    in    commercial    supremacy. 
It  has  come  and  gone  from  one   nation 
to  another,  and  all  the   way  down  the 
of  history   the  bright  and  dark 
fines  have  had  their  changing  alterna- 
l'hi-v  are  ohangiog  now  and  the 
shifting  lilies  are  sjpwly  shaping  the 
es  of  nations,    young  and  old. 
Rightly  or  wrongly,  by  fair  means  or 
foul,  the  older  nations  are  pushing  their 
-Is  or  clonics  wherever  the  op- 
portunity offers,   to    retain    their   grip 
on  commerce,  by  securing  new  markets 
for   their  surplus  products.     Commer- 
cial necessity  has  replaced  the  old  lust 
of  empire,  and  is  really  the  key  to  the  j 
avidity  with  which  Europe   is  dividing 
Africa   as  hunters  do  their  game,  and 
is  casting  its  eye  over  continents  and 
oceans   for  commercial   territory.     In 
the  western  hemisphere  the  same  im- 
pulse is  making  itself  felt  with  more  or 
less  of  the  same  reasons,  and  is  at  the 
bottom  of  much  of  the  idle   but   signifi- 
cant talk  of  annexations,  protectorates 
and    other    forms    of     grabbing     real 
estate.    Taking  this,  however,  at  what 
it  is  worth,  and  leaving  the  grave  haz- 
ards it  involves  to  take  care  of   them- 
selves, it  is  beyond  a  doubt  or   perad- 
venture   a   sober  and  undeniable   fact 
that  the  routes  of  commerce  are.  shift- 
ing from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific. 
In"that  direction  lies  the  future   arena 
of  the  world's  struggle  for  commercial 
supremacy      A   glance   at  the  growth 
of  populations  from  the  western  slopes 
of  the  Rockies  to  the  sunset  rim  of  the 
sea  lines,  and  from  Alaska  to  the  Mex- 
ican   border,  with   what  it  signifies  of 
enterprise  and  development,  we  seethe 
massing  of   a  commercial   momentum 
that  will  dot  the  Pacific  with  its  ships 
and  overlap  the  fringes   of  Asia.     The 
eddies  of  this  movement  will  eventually 
spread  beyond  the  Isthmus  to  the  Horn, 
and  history  will  run  its  iron  pen  over  an 
opening  chapter  in  the  story  of  man. 
With  Siberia  intersected  with  Russian 
railways  and  its  areas  populated;  with 
Japan  a  new  and  potent  factor  in  the 
East  and  China  waking  out  of  its  long 
slumber,  to  say  nothing  of  the  future 
of  Australasia,  with  its  persistent  and 
aggressive  race,  it  needs  no  prophet  to 
forecast  the  coming  change  in  the  map 
of  commerce.     The  place  of  the  United 
States  in  this  recasting  of  history  is 
settled  by  its  geography.     Some  years 
ago  we  outlined  this  route  of  destiny, 
and   we   see   it   more  elaborately  and 
broadly  defined  in  a  recent  issue  of  the 
North  American  Review,    in   which   the 
facts  noted  in  this  article  are  succinctly 
stated.     From  a  national  point  of  view 
this  outlook  is  more  than  encouraging, 
and,  we  make  bold  to  say,  our  destiny 
in  this  matter  can  be  best  reached  not  by 
jingo,  but  by  the  merchant  and  manu- 
facturer  accepting   the   situation  and 
not  neglecting  its  opportunities.  There 
is   no  need   to  force  the  tide  when  it 
runs  in  our  favor. " 


vegetable  matter   going  down  and  the 
water   sweeping  again  over  the  great 
marshes,  sand  and  mud  and  gravel  were 
laid  down  anew  over  the   deposits,  and  ■ 
the  clayey  soil  from  which  the  next  rich 
growth  would    spring  was   spread  out 
on  the  surface,  this  process  bein;_'  re 
peated  again  and   again,  as  often,  in- 
deed, as  seams  of  coal  in  any  coal  bed. 
In  thi>  way,  according   to    I>r.   Greene, 
the  conditions  for  the  formation  of  coal  | 
were  made  complete,  atmospheric  air 
being  entirely  excluded. while  the  vege- 
table beds  underwent  the  processes  of 
decomposition,  so  that  in  some  beds  of 
coal  whole  trees  have  been  found,  with 
roots,  branches,  leaves  and  seeds  coin 
plete.  and  all   converted  into  the  same 
kind  of  coal  as  that  by  which  they  were 
surrounded. 


Mechanical  Progress. 

Induced   Draft  for  Steamships. 


Formation  of  Coal. 


Wood   Pulp  for  Horseshoes. 

A  practical  invention  by  a  veterinary 
surgeon  is  now  successfully  applied  at 
Berlin.  He  manufactures  horseshoes 
of  paper,  impregnated  with  oil  or  tur- 
pentine, to  make  it  waterproof.  After 
being  saturated,  it  is  glued  together 
in  thin  layers  with  a  cement  which 
does  not  become  brittle  when  drying, 
and  consists  of  a  mixture  of  Venetian 
turpentine,  powdered  chalk,  linseed  oil 
and  lacquer.  These  horseshoes  are 
made  in  various  thicknesses.  The 
holes,  admitting  the  nails  by  which  the 
shoe  is  fastened  to  the  hoof,  are 
stamped  through  the  paper  when  moist. 
It  is  then  subjected  to  a  very  strong 
pressure  under  a  hydraulic  press,  and, 
when  dry,  can  be  filed  and  planed  to  fit 
the  hoof  snugly.  The  inventor  has  also 
attempted  to  make  these  horseshoes  of 
paper  pulp,  adding  chalk,  sand,  tur- 
pentine and  linseed  oil  in  such  quanti- 
ties that  the  material  is  impermeable  to 
moisture.  This  composition  possesses 
the  necessary  elasticity  and  toughness 
for  the  purpose.  It  can  be  pressed  in 
moulds  and  dried  afterwards,  or  cut 
out  of  blocks  of  the  mass  and  placed 
under  strong  pressure.  The  shoes 
made  by  pasting  together  paper  sheets 
are  preferable,  as  they  are  stronger 
than  those  made  of  the  compressed  ma- 
terial. These  shoes  can  be  fastened  to 
the  horse's  hoof  either  by  nails,  as 
usual,  or  be  cemented  with  glue  con- 
sisting of  gum  of  ammonia,  one  part, 
and  gutta  percha,  two  parts.  The 
great  advantage  claimed  by  the  in- 
ventor for  the  new  shoe  is  the  impossi- 
bility of.  the  horse  slipping  on  slippery 
roads. 

The  Secor  System. 


1  n  order  to  get  more  steam  for  an 
engine  from  the  same  furnaces  and 
boilers,  the  natural  draft  is  often  sup- 
plemented by  an  extra  one,  artificially 
produced.  This  may  be  done  in  two 
ways:  Air  may  be  forced  into  the  fires 
from  below,  or  it  may  be  sucked  in  by 
dealing  a  partial  vacuum  above.  The 
former  method  is  the  most  common  on 
steamships;  the  latter  is  usually  prac- 
ticed with  locomotives,  in  which  the 
desired  effect  is  produced  by  the  dis- 
charge of  exhaust  steam  into  the 
smokestack.  "Induced"  di'aft,  how- 
ever, after  being  tried  on  some  small 
vessels,  is  about  to  be  employed  on  one 
of  the  largest  battleships  in  the  British 
navy,  the  Magnificent,  launched  a  few 
weeks  ago,  and  having  a  displacement 
of  14,900  tons. 

Where  triple-expansion,  condensing 
engines  are  used,  there  is  no  exhaust 
discharge;  and  a  different  means  of 
securing  the  desired  object  must,  there- 
fore, be  adopted.  In  the  present  in- 
stance, there  will  be  rotary  fans  in  the 
"uptake,"  after  designs  by  W.  A. 
Martin.  This  expert  in  marine  engi- 
neering declares  that  a  forced  draft 
tends  to  concentrate  the  heat  of  a  fur- 
nace at  special  points.  This  is  advan- 
tageous in  an  iron  foundry,  but  not  in  a 
steam  boiler.  "The  initial  effect  of 
such  draft,"  he  says,  "is  under  the 
body  of  the  fuel,  and  the  gases  gener- 
ated are  driven  on  without  any  eon- 
trolling  influence,  whereas  with  induced 
or  exhaust  draft  the  initial  effect  is  on 
the  top  of  the  fuel,  and  the  gases 
evolved  are  under  the  control  of  the 
draft  until  they  are  passed  through  the 
funnel."  More  complete  combustion  of 
the  gases,  the  prevention  of  deposits  of 
ashes  in  the  tubes,  and  longer  life  for 
the  boiler  are  among  the  advantages 
claimed  for  the  latter  plan. 

Sweeping    with    Compressed  Air. 


The  formation  of  coal,  according  to 
Dr.  Homer  Green's  cosmical  theory, 
was  due  to  the  solar  orb  bringing  forth, 
millions  of  years  ago,  when  it  was  larger 
and  hotter  than  to-day,  a  wonderfully 
luxuriant  vegetation,  including  plants 
of  strange  kinds,  mosses  as  large  as 
forest  trees,  and  ferns  thirty  feet  in 
height,  growing  up  richly  from  the 
clayey  soil  and  forming  dense  jungles  in 
the  vast  marshes,  the  latter  covering 
great  areas  of  the  earth's  surface  ; 
these  ferns,  mosses,  and  the  leaves, 
branches  and  trunks  of  trees  in  time 
falling  and  decaying  where  they  grew, 
only  to  render  the  soil  more  fertile  and 
the  next  growth  more  luxuriant.  Year 
after  year,  century  after  century,  this 
process  of  growth  and  decay  going  on, 
until  the  beds  of  vegetable  matter  thus 
deposited  became  of  great  thickness  ; 
the  earth's  body,  however,  still  con- 
tinued to  shrink,  in  consequence  of 
which  her  crust  at  times  contracted 
and  fell  in,  the  land  then  sinking 
throughout  vast    areas,    the   beds    of 


The  immense  amount  of  fuel  which  it 
is  necessary  for  trans-Atlantic  steam- 
ers to  carry  occupies  so  much  space 
that  not  enough  passengers  and  mer- 
chandise in  addition  can  be  carried  to 
make  the  vessels  self-supporting.  This 
trouble  is  to  be  obviated  by  the  Secor 
system,  which,  stated  in  its  simplest 
form,  consists  in  the  use  of  several  in- 
closed cylinders,  into  which  are  intro- 
duced a  mixture  of  air  and  atomized 
fuel,  which  being  automatically  ignited, 
is  discharged  directly  against  the  ex- 
ternal water  at  the  stern  of  the  vessel. 
The  instantaneous  explosion  of  the 
gases  drives  the  vessel  forward  in  the 
water  just  as  a  rocket  is  elevated  in 
the  air.  The  explosions,  under  perfect 
control,  are  produced  with  perfect 
regularity  and  average  300  per  minute. 
This  invention,  it  is  thought,  will  cause 
as  great  a  commercial  revolution  as 
that  which  followed  the  original  intro- 
duction of  steam. 


It  is  now  believed,  and  with  high 
probability  of  the  truth  of  the  theory, 
that  the  shooting  stars  which  some- 
times fall  to  the  earth  in  a  semi-molten 
condition  are  almost  or  wholly  devoid 
of  heat  when  they  enter  the  atmos- 
phere. They  are  set  on  fire  by  fric- 
tion against  the  air  due  to  the  rapidity 
of  their  motion.  It  is  possible  that  the 
force  of  the  earth's  attraction  solidi- 
fies such  meteors  from  a  gaseous  condi- 
tion in  which  they  may  exist  in  space. 


The  sun  has  about  228,000  times  the 
mass  of  the  earth,  and  the  moon  only 
one-eightieth  of  this  mass. 


against  the  fact  that  every  mechanical 
as  well  as  personal  precaution  should 
be  taken  to  guard  against  accidents  or 
injury  of  every  kind.  It  is  Chinese 
logic  to  say  a  good  thing  is  not  a  good 
thing  because  its  use  is  sometimes 
abused.  Every  argument  presented 
against  the  low-water  alarm  can  with 
equal  or  greater  force  be  directed 
against  the  safety  plug.  With  a  low- 
water  alarm  in  good  working  order 
there  is  precious  little  use  for  a  safety 
plug,  as  the  alarm  will  arouse  even  the 
most  careless  engineer  to  action  before 
the  water  gets  low  enough  to  melt  the 
safety  plug  or  even  injure  the  boiler. 


A   Headlight  for  Curves. 


One  of  the  most  notable  of  the  pres- 
ent century's  small  inventions  is  an  air 
pump  for  cleaning  purposes.  A  hose 
pipe  charged  with  air  under  fifty 
pounds  pressure  to  the  square  inch  is 
turned  upon  the  article  or  room  to  be 
cleaned.  It  is  used  in  precisely  the 
same  way  as  the  water  and  the  hose  for 
washing  purposes.  It  is  far  more  ef- 
fective in  its  result  than  brooms, 
beaters  or  brushes,  as  it  searches  out 
and  penetrates  every  crevice  and  cleft 
in  woodwork.  This  device  is  at  present 
applied  to  cleaning  cars,  but  so  perfect 
is  its  work  that  it  is  only  a  question  of 
time  when  it  will  come  into  use  for 
other  purposes.  Hotels  and  large 
buildings  might  be  swept  out  and 
dusted  in  an  incredibly  short  space  of 
time.  Carefully  managed,  this  air 
pressure  would  rid  the  room  of  every 
particle  of  dust,  clean  furniture,  car- 
pets and  the  heavier  articles  of  bric-a- 
brac  and  ornaments.  It  would  do  the 
work  of  a  dozen  people.  It  is  now  in 
order  for  some  home  missionary  to  in- 
vent some  simple  device  that  will  work 
an  air  pump  and  current  for  household 
use.  Its  introduction  would  revolu- 
tionize housekeeping  and  solve  the 
heretofore  hopeless  problem  of  clean 
rooms,  and  will  keep  furniture,  covers 
and  carpets.  It  would  be  economical, 
as  it  would  render  less  service  neces- 
sary, and  would  save  a  large  portion  of 
the  wear  and  tear  of  furnishing  tex- 
tiles. In  houses  where  there  is  hydrant 
water  it.  would  not  be  at  all  difficult  to 
attach  an  air-pumping  apparatus  to 
the  kitchen  or  bathroom  faucet  and 
thus  furnish  power  for  every  floor. 
Some  years  ago  it  was  said  that  there 
would  never  be  an  invention  that  could 
sweep  the  dust,  but  at  the  present  rate 
of  things  the  problem  is  practically 
solved  by  this  simple  and  easily  used 
device. 

There  may  be  some  truth  in  the  ar- 
gument made  against  the  use  of  low- 
water  alarms;  that  they  encourage 
carelessness  or  neglect,  and  that  their 
use  enables  owners  to  economize  by  em- 
ploying incompetent  help  at  lower 
wages.     These  arguments  are  not  good 


An  ingenious  machinist  in  the  Duns- 
muir  railroad  shops,  says  the  Redding 
Free  Press,  has  constructed  a  swinging 
headlight  on  engine  1709  that  works 
automatically.  In  going  around  sharp 
curves,  headlights  on  locomotives  being 
made  stationary  throw  the  light 
straight  ahead  instead  of  throwing  it  so 
that  it  follows  the  track,  where  the 
light  should  be  at  all  times;  and  it  was- 
this  that  started  the  gentleman  to 
thinking  how  to  remedy  the  defect. 
The  contrivance  which  he  has  invented 
for  making  the  light  follow  the  track- 
is  very  simple,  and  it  is  a  wonder  it  was 
not  thought  of  sooner.  In  the  first 
place  he  has  made  the  headlight  to 
hang  by  two  pivots,  one  on  top,  the 
framework  that  holds  it  being  fastened 
to  the  smokestack  and  the  bottom  one 
to  the  boiler-head,  and  from  the  bottom 
of  the  headlight  two  chains  run  to  the 
ends  of  an  extending  arm  and  this  arm 
is  connected  by  a  rod  which  runs  to  the 
pilot  wheels  truck.  As  the  pilot 
wheels  strike  a  curve  the  outside  wheel 
of  course  forges  slightly  ahead  and  this 
movement  works  the  rod  and  chain  just 
enough  to  move  the  headlight  so  the 
reflection  is  cast  directly  ahead  on  the 
track.  It  is  said  that  it  works  very 
well  and  in  the  winter  season  will  be  a 
great  benefit  to  engineers,  for  on  moun- 
tain roads  where  generally  there  is  but 
little  straight  track,  boulders  often 
fall,  and  if  there  be  no  light  ahead  a 
train  will  strike  one  before  it  can  pos- 
sibly be  stopped. 


It  has  been  settled  in  the  minds  of 
several  mechanics  who  have  given  the 
subject  of  belting  their  close  attention, 
that  a  belt  two  inches  wide  and  of 
single  thickness,  running  on  a  pulley 
eight  inches  in  diameter,  represents 
about  as  near  a  perfect  belt  transmis- 
sion as  it  is  possible  to  get  with  oak- 
tanned  leather  belting.  This  may 
seem  rather  a  favorable  condition  for  a 
belt  of  this  dimension  to  be  working 
under,  but  as  far  as  the  pliability  of 
the  belt  is  concerned  no  one  would  ob- 
ject to  the  curvature  of  eight  inches, 
and  as  for  the  width,  one  inch  and  a 
half  might  be  considered  quite  narrow, 
and  three  inches  in  width  somewhat 
wide.  However,  if  this  oak-tanned 
material  will  endure  all  this  bending 
action  while  under  a  high  speed,  and 
drawn  up  taut  enough  to  give  a  good 
account  of  itself  when  power  is  to  be 
transmitted,  then  it  must  be  expected 
that  a  pulley  sixteen  inches  in  diam- 
eter, when  provided  with  a  double  thick 
belt  of  four  inches  wide,  is  giving 
equally  as  good  satisfaction.  Not  only 
this,  but  the  three-ply  leather  belt 
should,  on  the  same  basis,  be  employed 
whenever  two  shaft  wheels  are  to  be 
connected  that  are  twenty-four  inches 
in  diameter,  and  for  a  perfect  width 
six  inches  must  be  considered  about 
the  proper  dimension.  At  this  rate 
many  of  the  large  belts  that  are  in  use 
are  much  too  wide,  and  altogether  too 
thin,  which,  no  doubt,  could  be  im- 
proved by  giving  some  attention  to 
this  comparison. 


M.  Moissan  has  recently  succeeded 
in  preparing  pure  titanium  by  means 
of  the  electric  furnace.  The  metal 
proves  to  be  the  most  refractory  of  any 
he  has  yet  dealt  with,  being  less  fusible 
than  pure  chromium,  tungsten,  molyb- 
denum, uranium  or  zinconium.  It  is 
an  extremely  hard  metal,  capable  of 
scratching  the  diamond.  It  is,  how- 
ever, soluble  in  lead,  copper  and  iron. 


314 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 

What    Electrical    Engineers    flay 
Expect. 


F.  H.  Ford  puts  forward  in  an  elec- 
trical journal  a  strong  disclaimer  of 
the  statement  which  has  been  made  in 
a  daily  paper,  that  "for  the  average 
young  man  the  field  of  electrical  engi- 
neering offers  more  promise  of  success 
than  law,  authorship,  the  grocery 
business  or  knife-grinding."  Mr.  Ford 
says  that  serious  harm  is  being  done  in 
the  continual  holding  up  of  the  pro- 
fession of  the  electrical  engineer  as  one 
offering  almost  unlimited  possibilities 
in  the  matter  of  salaries  and  demand 
for  men.  The  closing  of  many  large 
works  owing  to  financial  trouble  or 
patent  litigation  has  thrown  a  large 
number  of  men  of  both  experience  and 
abiUty  on  the  market,  and  the  supply 
of  engineers  is  in  excess  of  the  demand. 
The  struggle  for  place  which  has 
naturally  followed  has  forced  down 
wages  so  low  that  the  average  en- 
o-ineer  cannot  command  a  better  salary 
than  the  head  bookkeeper  of  a  large 
wholesale  concern.  The  young  man 
who  chooses  electrical  engineering  as  a 
profession  must  be  prepared  to  work 
hard  and  long,  and  for  wages  which 
would  ordinarily  be  considered  inade- 
quate for  the  work  done.  If  he  loves 
engineering  for  its  own  sake,  there  is 
as  good  a  field  in  the  electrical  as  in 
any  branch  of  it,  but  the  idea  that 
there  are  positions  with  large  salaries 
attached  waiting  to  be  filled  by  him  is 
a  mistake.  There  are  but  few  high 
salaried  positions  at  best,  and  they 
are  occupied  by  men  who  have  large 
experience  and  solid  influence  with  the 
capitalists  at  the  back  of  the  company. 
The  young  electrical  engineer  will  be 
obliged  to  spend  at  least  six  years  in 
preparation  before  he  can  earn  enough 
to  barely  pay  his  expenses,  and  nearly 
all  this  time  he  will  be  paying  out 
money  instead  of  earning  it.  The  same 
time  spent  in  preparation  for  either 
law  or  medicine  would  qualify  him  for 
beginning-practice,  while  if  it  were  de- 
voted to  business  or  journalism,  it 
should  give  tangible  and  satisfactory 
results.  The  young  engineer  usually 
has  to  start  business  for  himself  with 
very  limited  capital,  if  any,  and  has  to 
accept  a  subordinate  position  with 
some  compauy.  Here  his  best  ideas 
as  well  as  his  best  work  are  given 
almost  entirely  for  the  benefit  of  his 
employer,  and  he  has  to  suffer  for  his 
failures  as  much  as  if  he  were  working 
for  himself.  Mr.  Ford  maintains  that 
the  demand  in  electricity  at  the 
present  time  is  not  for  educated  elec- 
tricians, but  for  educated  capitalists 
who  can  understand  that  in  the  long 
run  it  will  pay  them  far  better  to 
secure  the  services  of  capable  officers 
who  know  why  things  should  be  done, 
and  who  will  look  after  economy  in  the 
output,  than  to  hire  cheap  and  irre- 
sponsible men  who  waste  more  than 
the  salary  of  a  good  man  in  inefficient 
methods  of  working.  Mr.  Ford  thinks 
it  is  only  when  capital  has  been  so  edu- 
cated that  the  relation  between  work 
done  and  pay  received  by  the  electrical 
engineer  will  compare  favorably  with 
that  of  the  lawyer,  the  doctor,  the 
writer  and  the  merchant. 


Signaling  Through  Space. 


one-half  miles  long,  along  the  ground 
from  Morvern,  fifteen  miles  from  Oban, 
and  signaling  through  that,  while  on 
the  island  of  Mull  the  ordinary  over- 
head circuit  connecting  two  distant  vil- 
lages was  made  use  of.  The  distance 
intervening  between  the  two  parallel 
circuits  was  about  three  and  one-half 
miles.  A  vibrator  was  used  as  a  trans- 
mitter, and  a  telephone  as  a  receiver, 
and  the  usual  telegraphic  traffic  was 
carried  on  until  the  cable  was  repaired. 
An  account  not  so  well  authenticated 
comes  from  India  of  the  completion  by 
Professor  J.  C.  Bose,  of  the  Calcutta 
Presidency  College,  of  some  instru- 
ments by  which  extraordinary  results 
are  said  to  have  been  obtained.  Cer- 
tain phenomena  have  been  reproduced 
without  any  connection  between  the 
transmitting  and  receiving  stations. 
Signals  in  the  form  of  light  and  sound 
have  been  passed  along  the  ether, 
without  any  other  apparent  means  of 
transmission,  and  even  solid  walls  have 
not  interposed  any  obstacle  to  the  pas- 
sage of  these  signals. 

Buda-Pesth's  Underground  Road. 


In  further  confirmation  of  the  suc- 
cessful experiments  concluded  last 
year  in  England  in  transmitting  tele- 
graphic messages  over  long  distances 
without  wires,  an  account  has  been  re- 
ceived from  Scotland  of  the  mainte- 
nance of  telegraphic  communication  by 
means  of  the  same  system  between  the 
island  of  Mull  and  the  mainland.  The 
islanders  were  decidedly  put  to  a  shift. 
The  six-mile  cable  which  usually  kept 
them  in  touch  with  the  other  world  had 
broken  down,  and  they  were  uncertain 
as  to  how  long  the  interruption  to  com- 
munication would  last.  A  local  elec- 
trician, who  had  heard  of  Mr.  Preece's 
plan,  saw  no  reason  why  it  should  not 
operate  at  Oban,  just  as  well  as  any- 
where else,  and  lost  no  time  in  running 
a  gutta-percha  insulated  wire,  one  and 


A  new  double-track  electric  road  in 
Buda-Pesth,  the  capital  of  Hungary,  is 
being  constructed  under  peculiar  diffi- 
culties. In  the  first  place,  as  the 
avenue  through  which  it  runs  is  hand- 
some and  fashionable,  it  was  deemed 
best  to  put  the  road  underground. 
But  the  existing  sewers,  to  say  nothing 
of  gas  pipes  and  water-mains,  are  lo- 
cated in  the  center  of  the  street,  at  too 
great  a  depth  to  make  it  advisable  to 
go  under  them,  but  high  enough  to 
leave  only  about  nine  feet  of  space  be- 
tween them  and  the  surface  of  the 
street.  Economical  and  other  con- 
siderations finally  led  the  projectors  to 
adopt  a  route  above  the  sewers.  In 
order  to  gain  all  the  room  possible  in  a 
vertical  direction,  therefore,  the  upper 
surface  of  the  sewers — which  are  cir- 
cular— is  shaved  off  here  and  there  and 
replaced  with  a  flatter  iron  cover,  suit- 
ably stiffened,  and  the  street  level  has 
also  been  raised  a  trifle.  So  thin  is 
the  arched  tunnel  roof  that  at  its  center 
a  row  of  posts  is  needed  to  sustain  it. 
It  is  thus  practicable  to  get  nine  feet 
from  the  top  of  the  rails  to  the  under 
side  of  the  overhead  iron  beams  run- 
ning lengthwise  and  buttressing  the 
arch.  A  total  width  of  19  feet  8i 
inches  is  secured.  Sides,  top  and 
bottom  are  made  of  concrete,  but  there 
are  also  iron  cross-beams  in  the  roof. 
What  is  called  "  asphalt  felt"  is  intro- 
duced into  the  top  and  bottom  to  ex- 
clude water. 

The  current  to  operate  the  road  is 
supplied  by  overhead  wires,  of  which 
there  are  two  for  each  track.  The  re- 
turn is  effected  by  a  continuous  copper 
conductor,  and  not  by  the  rail.  The 
tops  of  the  cars  come  within  four  inches 
of  the  roof  of  the  tunnel.  Of  course, 
the  cars  are  hung  very  low.  It  is  in- 
tended to  operate  them  in  trains  in- 
stead of  singly,  but  not  to  have  one  car 
communicate  with  another.  There  is  a 
block  system  which  prevents  a  follow- 
ing train  coming  within  a  mile  and  a 
quarter  of  the  one  ahead  of  it.  The 
current  is  switched  off  automatically  if 
cars  enter  a  block  before  they  are  en- 
titled to.  Again,  at  the  end  of  the  line 
the  current  is  shut  off  automatically 
from  the  train.  The  line  is  to  be  only 
two  miles  long  when  completed,  and  it 
is  now  nearly  half  built. 


The  subject  of  phosphorescent  light- 
ing— one  that  will  afford  illumination 
direct  without  the  wasteful  accom- 
paniment of  heat,  and  which  will  ap- 
proach in  efficiency  that  of  the  glow- 
worm— has  recently  received  an  added 
interest  by  the  success  of  the  experi- 
ments made  in  this  direction  by  D. 
McFarlan  Moore.  The  line  which  Mr. 
Moore  has  marked  out  for  himself  con- 
templates the  introduction  of  phos- 
phorescing glow  lamps  on  continuous 
or  alternating  current  circuits  of  ordi- 
nary potential,  with  the  addition  of  but 
the  simplest  auxiliary  apparatus. 

These  five  years  have  indeed  done 
wonders  in  the  domain  of  street  rail- 
roading in  this  country,    and  have  even 


set  our  transatlantic  friends  to  work 
following  our  example,  says  Joseph 
Weltzer  in  Scribner's  for  May.  To  give 
some  idea  of  the  extent  to  which  elec- 
tricity has  displaced  the  horse,  and,  on 
the  other  hand,  been  instrumental  in 
creating  new  roads,  we  need  only  cite 
the  fact  that  at  the  present  time  there 
are  over  850  electric  railways  in  the 
United  States,  operating  over  9000 
miles  of  track  and  23,000  cars,  -and 
representing  a  capital  investment  of 
over  $400,000,000.  What  stupendous 
figures  when  we  consider  that  in  1887 
the  number  of  such  roads  amounted  to 
only  thirteen,  with  scarcely  100  cars. 

Among  the  securities  enumerated  in 
the  assets  in  the  report  of  the  General 
Electric  Co.  for  the  year   ending  Jan. 


31,  '95,  appear  the  following  stocks: 
Los  Angeles  Edison  Electric  Co.,  $40,- 
000;  Portland,  Or.,  General  Electric 
Co.,  $527,800;  Tacoma,  Wash.,  Railway 
and  Motor  Co.,  $45,000;  bonds:  Los 
Angeles  Cons.  Electric  E'y,  $41,440; 
Portland  G.  E.  Co.,  $67,000;  Seattle 
Power  and  Railway  Co.,  $21,000;  Sac- 
ramento E.  P.  and  L.  Co.,  $10,000; 
San  Francisco  and  San  Mateo  R'y  Co., 
$15,000;  Tacoma  R'y  and  Motor  Co.. 
$200,000;  par  value. 

The  next  convention  of  the  National 
Electric  Light  Association  will  be  held 
in  New  York  City  next  May. 

Our  esteemed  contem.,  the  Electric 
Review,  is  viewed  as  a  humorous  journal 
in  the  South. 


THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 


IS     THE 


Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling:  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


W 


; 


**$&>^r.  r-* 


-it? 


^©sa^y^jt^o^^^^^ 


© 


It  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
bandied  and  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  in  the 
hands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect- 
or in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
applicati07i. 

If  you  are  interested  in 
Rock  Drilling  Correspond 
with  us. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MOM. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  Wg'r  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

OFFICE  AND  "WAREROOMS: 

Care  PARKE  &  LACY  CO 21  and  23  Fremont  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cat. 

Or,  Address  the  Company  at  Its  Denver  Office. 

Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,    -    -    -    -     New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado  830 City  of  Mexico 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agents,  141  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


IMPROVED  FORM  OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS._ 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE-JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 

PLACER 

Amalgamate  :  Dj^lE^  :  Shovels. 

Complete  "Lancaster"  Gravity  Gold  Amalgamating,  Hoisting  and  Dredging  plants  furnished 
for  treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer  ground  and  pulverized  free  milling  quartz  at  small 
cost  with  minimum  supply  of  a  water.     Highest  possible  Gold  yield  insured. 

The  "  Lancaster  "  1895  Land  or  River  Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and  Cableways 
are  of  the  most  improved  construction.  Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons  hourly 
and  upward,  if  required.  Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating,  Screening,  Pile  Driving  and 
other  machinery  also  built.    Investigation  and  correspondence  solicited. 

JAMES  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee,  39  Cortlandt  St.,  NEW  YORK. 


Mav   18.   18s)5. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


315 


Ball   Bearings. 


Commenting  on  the  growing  intro- 
duction of  bull  bearings,  which,  sis  may 
be  remembered,  first  found  practical 
use  in  diminishing  the  friction  of 
bicycles,  Dr.  Coleman  Sellers,  in  a  re- 
cently delivered  lecture,  pointed  oul 
that  one  of  the  most  notable  examples 
of  the  use  of  the  balls  is  to  diminish 
the  friction  of  the  collar  that  sustains 
the  honk  of  ;i  large  crane.  Without 
the  balls  the  difference  between  the 
friction  of  rest  and  the  friction  of  mo- 
tion  is  so   great    that    men    are    often 

seriously  hurt  by  endeavoring  to   turn 
a  load  suspended  upon  the  crane  hook, 
which  requires  a  great  deal  of  exertion 
to  start    it.    and    when    it    does    move, 
goes  farther   than   is   intended,    often 
leading  to  serious  accidents.     By   mak- 
ing the  crane  honks  with   tint  washers. 
between   which   numerous   small    balls 
are  placed,    resting   on   hardened  sur- 
faces, there  seems  to  be   no  difference 
between  the  friction   of   rest   and   the 
friction  of  motion,    and   hooks   heavily 
loaded    are    turned    with    remarkable 
ease,  so  that  the  use  of  balls,   distrib- 
uted over  plain  surfaces,  is  quite  com- 
mon, there  being  no  basket  or  grooves 
to  separate  the  balls,  which  latter  are 
allowed  to  move  at   their  own   will   in 
whatever  direction  they  are  inclined  to 
go.     There   is   very  little  literature  on 
the   subject,   and    the    theory   of   ball 
bearings  has  not  been  worked  out  and 
published.    It  may  be  interesting,  how- 
ever, to  know  that   some   experiments 
have  been  going  on  for  some  time  past 
in  reference   to   the  size  of   the   balls 
best  suited   to   the   different  purposes. 
In  the  case  of  hooks  for  cranes  carry- 
ing about  fifty  tons,  between   250   and 
300   balls,    each  of   three-eighths  inch 
diameter,   are   scattered   between   the 
Hat  plates,  with  the  idea  that  the  more 
points  of  contact  the  longer   the  belts 
will  last;    but   some    experiments  are 
now  being  tried  with  balls   of   different 
sizes,  and  motion  kept  up  under   loads 
to  determine  their  durability,    with   a 
leaning   in   favor  of    larger   balls   and 
fewer  of  them. 


their  efforts,  and  there  will  be  this 
same  lack  with  the  men  who  listen  to 
them. 

One  of  two  things  should  be  done  by 
the  employer.  Stop  the  ''too  much 
t  >ng  *e "  Ov  a  kndly  request,  and  if 
the  request  is  not  heeded,  then  dis- 
charge the  fellow  who  wags  it  to  the 
injury  of  the  busioeas.  The  party  may 
be  clever,  good  hearted  and  well  mean- 
ing, but  these  good  qualities  will  not 
compensate  the  employer  for  the  waste 
of  t  ime, 


Too  Much  Tongue. 

Where  employment  is  given  to  more 
than  one  person,  the  bane  of  success 
is  the  talking  man.  One  who  has 
always  something  to  say  takes  his  own 
time  and  the  time  of  others  to  hear 
his  "too  much  tongue."  Those  em- 
ployed may  not  stop  work  altogether 
to  hear  what  is  said,  but  they  will 
lessen  their  efforts,  and  their  minds 
will  be  diverted  from  their  labor  and 
less  will  be  done.  But  the  talking 
man  usually  succeeds  in  getting  others 
to  stop  work  for  a  short  time  to  hear 
him,  and  if  he  is  allowed  to  talk  with- 
out hinderance  he  will  consume  a 
great  deal  of  time. 

Some  of  these  "too  much  tongue " 
have  a  gift  of  almost  continuous 
"gab."  They  will  give  the  impres- 
sion to  others  that  they  are  keeping 
step  with  others  and  talk  at  the  same 
time,  but  there  is  a  lack  of  dispatch  in 


Decision  Against  the  Covvles  Elec- 
tric Coijipany. 

An  opinion  has  been  handed  down  bv 
United  States  Circuit  Judge  Taft,  of 
Cleveland,  O  .  deciding  a  famous  patent 
case  which  has  been  in  court  for  a  num- 
ber of  years.  The  suit  was  brought  by 
Francis  Lowery,  executor  of  the  estate 
of  (irosvenor  P.  Lowery  against  the 
Covvles  Electric  Smelting  and  Alumi- 
num Company  and  Alanson  T.  Osborn. 
The  defendants  claimed  they  had  the 
right  of  two  patents  by  assignment 
from  Charles  S.  Bradley,  for  a  process 
of  separating  metals,  particularly 
aluminum,  from  their  ores,  by  the  use 
of  an  electric  current,  both  to  fuse  and 
decompose  the  ores.  They  claimed 
they  came  into  possession  of  the 
patents  by  virtue  of  a  sale  to  Alanson 
T.  Osborn,  who  was  said  to  have  as- 
signed the  right  to  the  Cowles  Electric 
Smelting  and  Aluminum  Company.  The 
plaintiffs,  on  the  other  hand,  claimed 
that  Bradley  sold  and  assigned  the 
patent  right  to  them,  and  that  they 
held  letters  patent  at  the  department 
of  patents  in  Washington.  The  Cowles 
people  also  held  letters  patent,  and  the 
suit  was  to  determine  which  party  was 
guilty  of  infringement. 

Judge  Taft,  in  a  voluminous  opinion 
covering  over  fifty  pages  of  type-writ- 
ten matter,  held  that  the  defendants 
had  infringed  and  were  not  entitled  to 
letters  of  patent.  He  granted  the 
plaintiffs  a  perpetual  injunction  re- 
straining the  defendants  from  using 
the  patent  rights,  and  ordered  the  let- 
ters of  patent  held  by  the  Cowles  com- 
pany canceled  and  declared  void. 

There  is  considerable  excitement 
among  Canadian  miners  over  the  dis- 
covery of  phenomenal  deposits  of 
chromic  or  chrome  iron  in  Coleraine. 
In  one  case  it  is  only  necessary  to  blast 
it  from  the  side  of  a  mountain,  and  four 
or  five  blasts  suffice  to  furnish  10(1  tons. 
All  thus  far  shipped  out  of  Canada  has 
been  taken  by  the  Carnegie  Steel  Com- 

j  party  of  Pittsburg.  The  ore  averages 
for  the  most  part  over  50  per  cent,  of 
metal,  costs  little  or  nothing  to  mine, 
is  found  close  to  a  line  of  railway,  and 

i  is  worth  $25  to  $35  per  ton. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

VTe  keep  In  stock  bi  Its  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph.  Johnston  una  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  nil  Lengths  and  widths  to  order. 
Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a 
the  advantage  ol  our  belts  over  an 

First,  Hj'-  Ranges  stand  at  an  noun 
toward  the  center,  therefore  readl 
form  to  the  change  «>r  direction  while  pass- 
Ingover  the  end   rollers.    Thus  the  vexutton  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  Frequent    breaking  of  the 
Banges,  as  Is  the  case  with  the  old  style    La  proa 
tfoallj 

l-Mlllf. 

Agaiu.iutbe 
Burfaoe  ol  the 
be!  t  trans- 
v.- ra e  i y   two 

fee t  u  pa  r  t , 
t  ll  B  re  i  B  Q 
space  of  one 
inch,  oontal   - 

— — , Ing      t\veolD 

WK    riffles  1-32  ov 
an    inch      n 

'      depth.    This 

„  tendsto 

equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents  it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.  This  riffle  saves 
tine  sulphuretsund  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a  belt  with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  Citllrorula  Street,  Huywurds  liu tiding san  Francisco. 


The  thumb,  according  to  professional 
palmists,  is  an  unerring  index  of  the 
mind.  If  a  person  is  trying  to  deceive 
you,  he  will  invariably  draw  his  thumb 
in  towards  the  palm.  On  the  other 
hand,  if  he  is  telling  the  truth,  the 
thumb  will  be  relaxed  and  point  away 
from  the  palm. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN  A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USED THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH,     -mm'. 


PER  HOUR. 


^eZ^a  *<"*L 


3**/, 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

iTREMfllN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,   King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinerj . 

i  Elston  Ave. 

.LS.,  U.S.A. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS SEEJE 


NEW    YORK, 
136    LIBERTY    ST. 


LONDON,   E.  C„ 
73    A    QUEEN    VICTORIA    ST. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO, 
3    CALLE    DE    GANTF 


i 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

t,nec1al  at.tmiT.1on  eiven  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


Stamo  Cam. 


THE  WOODBURY  ORE  CONCENTRATOR  WITH  IMPROVED  BELTS 


the  space  of  any  other  concentrator.  BniH  of  best  Steel  and  Wroiighl  Iron.  Sti 
The  annexed  cut  shows  the  belt  in  its  improved  form,  which  consists  of  corrui 
HAS  THE  FOLLOWING  MERITS:  First— The  Improved  belts,  which  consist 
portion  of  tbe  pulp  in  such  a  m 

Geo.  E.  Woodbury, 

Manufacturer, 
in  10  143 

First  St. 
San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 


lnrable.  Price  i#r> 

us,  to  form  an  expanding 

are  constructed  and  arrai 

.chine  of  its  load,  thereby  giving  it  twice  Ihe  capacity  o 

work  from  12  lo  15  tons  of  ore  per  day.    Second-Tin-  machl 

partments,  thereby  working  more  regularly  and  with  mud 

other  concentrators  using  wide  oelta.    Each  of  the  belts  on 

is  allowed  to  It— In  this  way  preventing  the  pulp  from,  niim 

when  : 

wide  b 


was  awarded  the  Highest  (Bronze  Medal) 

MORE  THAN  DOUBLE  THIS  CAPACITY  w 


Fi 


>d 


Mil" 


causing    the 
phureta  and   i 
work.    Fifth 
grated  edges, 
which    effectu 

Sixth  — The  : 
Seventh- The  i 
with  steel  era 


r  Catalogue  and  Test 
THE  IMPROVED  MACHINE 
In  allow  each  bell  to  receive  a 


rugatlc 

tine     811 


Premium  at  Mecliai 

tli  oue-half  less  powe 


lies'  Institute, 

r  and  occupyinf 


1890  and    1891. 

less  than  one-half 


in.ua] 

ZeB   Ihe   loai 

H    fttt 

■mimi  than  is 

>  mac 

line  lakes  ca 

O  till 

lower  Bide  < 

mtraEor   to   aavi 


id 


perform    close 

fluted  or  corru- 

o   form  an  expanded  top  edge, 

illy     prevents     from      cracking. 

aed     arrangement     is      perfect^ 

lachine  is  constructed  of   iron. 

ik-shaft  self-oiling  boxes,  and 

everything  made  in  the  most  thorough  manner. 

enabling  it  to  run  with  very  little  attention  or 

wear. 
This  Concentrator  took  tin 

the  San  Francisco  Mechanics' 

1890,  18!>1  and  1892.    am 

nia   State     Fair    in    IS!!'.'; 

prize  at  the  World's. Coin 


ii    took    the    1st 
nbian  Exposition,  I  S!»8,  and  at  the  San 


fllNE  m  BELL  ©-SIGNALS. 


Adopted,  Used  and    In  Force   in    Accordance 
with  State  Law. 


C^OR  THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  OUR  READERS  IN  THE  MINING  COUNTIES  WE  PRINT  IN  LEGAL  SIZE,  12  X  36  INCHES.  THE  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS  AND  RULES  PROVIDED  FOR  IN 
«"*  the  Voorhies  Act,  passed  by  the  State  Legislature  and  approved  March  8.  1893.  The  law  is  entitled  "  An  Act  to  Establish  a  Uniform  System  ot  Mine  Bell  Signals  to  Be :  Used  in  All  Mines  Operated  in  the 
State  of  California,  for  the  Protection  of  Miners."  We  can  furnish  these  Signals  and  Rules,  printed  on  cloth  so  aa  to  withstand  dampness,  for  50  cents  a  ooor.  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Market 
Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal.  '  .    '■ 


316 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May   18,  1895. 


Legal  Decisions  on  Hining  Ques= 
tions. 


Condensed    by   The   Colliery    Engineer    anil   Metal 
Miner. 

Placer  Mining  Rights. — One  having  a 
placer  mining  right,  which  can  only  be 
acquired  on  public  land,  can  maintain 
suit  to  quiet  title,  if  at  all,  only  as  to 
his  limited  interest. 
Carter  v.  Thompson  (U.  S.  Cir.  Ct.  Dist. 
Montana)  65  Federal  Reporter,  329. 

Placer  Patent — Exclusion  of  Quartz 
Lode. — A  lode  or  vein,  to  come  with 
the  Revised  Statutes  of  the  U.  S.,  Sec. 
2333,  exempting  it  from  the  grant  of  a 
placer  patent  if  its  existence  was 
known  at  the  time  of  the  application 
for  such  patent  must  be  of  such  extent 
as  to  render  the  land  more  valuable, 
and  of  such  value  as  to  justify  exploita- 
tion and  development. 
Brownfleld  v.  Bier  (Supreme  Ct.  Mon- 
tana) 39  Pac.  Eep.  461. 

Deceit  in  Sale  of  Miming  Stuck. — The 
measure  of  damages  on  a  sale  of  min- 
ing stock,  voidable  on  account  of  fraud- 
ulent representations,  is  the  difference 
between  the  real  value  of  the  stock  at 
the  time  of  sale  and  what  the  value 
would  have  been  had  the  representa- 
tions been  true. 

In  an  action  to  recover  damages 
under  such  circumstances,  the  market 
value  of  the  stock  at  or  about  the  time 
of  the  sale  is  evidence  on  the  question 
of  its  real  value. 

Representations  by  a  vendor  of  min- 
ing stock  that  the  purchaser  could  not 
lose  on  the  investment,  and  that  the 
mines  would  pay  dividends  in  the  near 
future,  being  a  mere  expression  of 
opinion,  or  a  promise  of  a  future  condi- 
tion of  things,  will  not  form  a  ground 
of  recovery  by  the  purchaser  on  the 
ground  of  false  representations. 
Warner  v.  Benjamin  (Supreme  Ct.  Wis. ) 
62  N.  W.  Eep.  179. 

Action.  Against  Mine  Owner  for  Death 
by  Wrongful  Act.— The  Court  of  Ap- 
peals of  Colorado  recently  decided  the 
following  points,  in  an  action  brought 
by  a  party  for  damages  caused  by  the 
death  of  his  son  while  working  in  a  mine: 

(1.)  A  parent  may  recover  for  the 
death  of  a  child,  although  the  latter 
never  contributed  to  the  parent's  sup- 
port. 

(2.)  In  an  action  by  a  father  to  re- 
cover damages  for  the  death  of  his  son, 
evidence  of  an  arrangement  between 
the  two,  for  a  loan  by  the  son  to  the 
father,  is  admissible  on  the  question  of 
damages. 

(3.)  A  miner  working  in  a  shaft 
upon  a  high  column  of  dirt,  supported 
above  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  by  a  suf- 
ficient bulkhead,  does  not  assume  the 
risk  of  the  additional  danger  caused  by 
the  removal  of  the  bulkhead  without 
his  knowledge. 

(4.)  Where  a  miner  worked  in  a 
shaft  upon  a  high  column  of  dirt,  sup- 
ported by  a  strong  bulkhead,  which 
was  removed  without  his  knowledge,  he 
is  not  guilty  of  contributory  negligence. 

(5.)  When  the  evidence  as  to  the 
place  where  such  party  worked  is  suffi- 
cient to  show  whether  it  was  safe,  it  is 
not  error  for  the  court  to  charge  the 
jury  that  the  mine-owner  was  bound  to 
provide  a  reasonably  safe  place  for  him 
to  work  in,  without  defining  what  a 
"  safe''  place  was. 
Molly  Gibson  Con.  Min.  &  Mill'g  Co.  v. 
Sharp,  38  Pac.  Rep.  850. 

Appropriation  of  Streams  on  Public 
Land  for  Mining  Purposes. — The  Su- 
preme Court  of  Washington  holds  that 
the  Act  of  Congress,  July  26,  1866,  did 
not  create  the  right  to  use  by  prior  ap- 
propriation of  streams  on  public  land 
for  mining  and  irrigating  purposes,  but 
simply  recognized  such  right  which  had 
grown  up  through  the  acquiescence  of 
the  government  and  the  universal  cus- 
tom of  the  locality. 

Isaacs  v.  Barber,  3S  Pacific  Reporter,  871. 

Interpretation  of  Contract  of  Sale. — 
Where  a  contract  for  the  sale  of  coal 
during  a  period  of  five  years  provides 
that  "settlements  for  said  coal  shall  be 
made  upon  the  15th  day  of  each  month 
for  all  coal  delivered  before  the  1st  day 
of  such  month,"  and  the  buyers  pay  ac- 
cording to  the  terms  of  such  contract, 
but  under  protest,  because  of  the  al- 
leged inferior  quality  of  the  coal,  the 


payments  are  voluntary,  and  cannot  be 
recovered. 

The  court  said:  We  can  only  under- 
stand this  to  mean  that  the  amounts 
owing  for  coal  were  to  be  fixed,  deter- 
mined, adjusted,  settled,  at  the  middle 
of  the  month.  We  caunot  hold  that 
the  parties  having  used  such  language 
meant  really  its  opposite;  that  is,  that 
although  these  monthly  settlements 
were  actually  made,  and  the  amounts 
paid,  those  preceding  deliveries  still 
remained  open,  subject  to  any  kind  of 
controversy  which  either  party  might 
choose  to  set  up  subsequently,  throw- 
ing the  whole  subject  of  deliveries, 
which  would  necessarily  include  the 
amount  and  quality  of  the  coal  deliv- 
ered, the  prices  to  be  paid,  and  all 
matters  affecting  those  questions. 
Armstrong  v.  Latimer  (Supreme  Ct.  Penna. ) 
30  At.  Rep.  990. 

Failure  to  Enjoin  Blasting  is  Not  Con- 
tributory Negligence. — Where  a  con- 
tractor employed  by  a  party  to  do  blast- 
ing near  another's  house  proceeded  with 
the  work  in  so  careless  a  manner  that 
such  house  was  injured,  the  failure  of 
the  owner  of  the  house  to  enjoin  the 
continuance  of  the  work  was  not  con- 
tributory negligence. 
Berg  v.  Parsons  (Supreme  Ct.  1st.  Dept. )  31 
N.  Y.  S.  Rep.  1091. 

Action  to  Forfeit  Mining  Lease. — A 
mining  lease  which  provides  that  it 
shall  be  void  if  "  the  enterprise  shall 
be  abandoned  12  months  "  is  avoided  by 
failure  of  lessee  to  commence  raining 
operations  within  12  months  after  the 
lease  commences. 

The  fact  that  the  lessee  is  unable  to 
work  the  lands  for  lack  of  railroad 
facilities,  and,  that  having  leased  other 
lands  in  the  vicinity,  he  is  approaching 
the  lands  in  question  as  fast  as  he  can, 
is  immaterial. 

An  action  by  a  lessor  alleging  his 
title  to  the  land,  and  the  execution  of 
the  lease  to  the  party  sued,  which  un- 
der its  provisions  has  become  void,  and 
praying  that  the  lease  be  declared  void, 
will  be  treated  as  an  action  to  quiet 
title. 

In  this  case  it  was  contended  by  the 
lessee  that  "  the  enterprise  could  not 
be  abandoned  unless  it  had  been  begun, 
and  that  it  continued  to  subsist  for  the 
entire  term,  though  not  a  single  thing 
was  done  under  it.  The  court  said: 
We  think  it  was  clearly  contemplated 
by  the  parties  that  a  mining  and  quar- 
rying enterprise  was  entered  upon  by 
the  execution  and  acceptance  of  the 
lease,  and  if  nothing  more  was  done 
within  12  months  after  its  execution, 
it  would  be  an  abandonment  of  the  en- 
terprise for  12  months;  and  therefore 
the  lessor  had  the  right  to  have  the  in- 
cumbrance on  the  title  removed. 
Woodward  v.  Mitchell  (Supreme  Ct.  Ind.)39 
N.  E.  437. 


Gold  in  Iron  Ore. 


Samples  of  the  Dexter  mine  ore  in 
the  Lake  Superior  region,  taken  from 
the  stock  pile  were  assayed  recently  by 
E.  F.  Bradt,  chemist  for  the  Lake  An- 
geliue  mine,  and  were  found  to  contain 
gold.  The  result  of  the  assay  was  not 
a  surprise  to  the  management  of  the 
mine,  as  those  interested  in  the  prop- 
erty have  known  for  some  time  past 
that  the  ore  contained  more  or  less 
gold.  The  samples  were  not  taken 
from  any  particular  part  of  the  stock 
pile  with  a  view  to  getting  the  best 
possible  results,  but  were  picked  from 
different  parts  of  the  pile.  According 
to  the  assay  the  ore  con  tains  gold  at 
the  rate  of  about  S3. 75  per  ton. 

The  management  feels  greatly  en- 
couraged over  the  result,  and  intends 
to  devise  some  means  of  treating  the 
ore  for  the  gold  it  contains.  There  are 
about  3,000  tons  of  ore  in  stock,  and 
more  is  being  added  to  the  pile  daily. 
The  ore  is  a  rich  manganese  and  is 
always  in  demand.  The  mine  is  only  a 
short  distance  from  the  Michigan  and 
other  gold  properties  in  that  vicinity. 

In  1884  aluminum  sold  at  $16  per 
pound.  To-day  the  price  is  sixty  cents 
per  pound,  in  small  lots,  with  reduc- 
tions for  larger  quantities.  It  is 
used  for  almost  everything,  from 
steamboats  to  thimbles. 


^zz^>IT  IS  NOT   WHAT<^»^ 

YOU  PAY 

BORADVERTJSINQ, 

BUT  WHAT  IT 

PAYS  YOU! 


There  are  two  values  to  a  purchase — what  it  costs 
and  what  it  is  worth. 

Cork  costs  a  few  cents  a  pound,  but  if  you  are 
drowning  half  a  mile  from  shore  its  value  would  be  not 
what   you  pay  for  the  cork,  but  what  the  cork  pays  you. 

YOU  ARE  NOT  DROWNING, 

But  you  are  struggling  —  struggling  for  business.  The 
life-preserver  in  which  you  should  place  your  dependence 
is  Advertising.  The  value  of  that  advertising  is  not  what 
you  do  for  it  in  the  way  of  price,  but  what  it  does  for 
you.  It  makes  little  difference  what  it  costs  within  rea- 
sonable bounds.  But  it  makes  a  great  deal  of  difference 
what  it  is  producing  you  every  week. 

IS  IT  NOT  SO  ? 

A  series  of  advertisements  for  three  or  six  months 
is  not  a  large  speculation,  even  at  its  worst  ;  and  it  may 
be  the  means  of  putting 

MANY    THOUSAND   DOLLARS 

Into  your  pocket. 

The  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS  covers  the  field 
it  represents  in  the  west  half  of  America.  It  is  read  by  the 
very  men  from  whom  you  expect  business.  It  is  business 
for  you  to  ask  business  of  those  men.  They  want  what 
they  see  advertised  in  these  columns,  and  have  the  money 
to  pay  for  it.  Subscribers  who  can't  pay  for  a  paper  are 
not  likely  to  have  money  to  buy  what  is  advertised  in 
that  paper,  but  the  thousands  of  intelligent  men  who 
weekly  read  the  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS  in  every 
mining  town,  superintendent's  office,  and  purchasing  de- 
partment in  this  State,  Oregon,  Washington,  British 
Columbia,  New  Mexico,  Colorado,  Montana,  Utah,  Idaho 
and    Arizona    are    buyers  of  merchandise  that  you  have 

to  sell. 

There  is  renewed  activity  in  the  mining  world.  It 
results  in  large  additions  of  new  subscribers  to  our 
already  extensive  lists,  which  in  quality  and  quantity  are 
not  exceeded  by  any  similar  publication.  The  first 
thing  a  buyer  or  prospective  purchaser  of  mines  or  min- 
ing machinery  or  apparatus  of  any  kind  does  is  to  get 
this  paper,  and  when  read  it  is  always  put  by  for  future 
reference.— 

"The  most  economical  advertising  is  that  which 
brings  the  most  business  for  the  money  invested. "- 

Our  advice  is  cheaper  than  our  advertising  rates, 
but  if  the  subject  interests  you  write  for  particulars,  for 
facts  and  figures  that  will  demonstrate  the  truth  of  what 
is  here  asserted.  We  make  no  claim  that  cannot  be 
verified.  An  advertisement  in  this  paper  is  not  a  doubt- 
ful experiment.  It  is  an  investment,  satisfactory  to  the 
advertiser.-  - 


L 


J.  F.  HALLORAN,  Gen'l  M'g'r 

jVlining    and  ^Scientific    Press, 

220  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


May  18    1895 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


317 


THE  WILSON 


HIGH   GRADE   STEEL 


1 

STAMP       SHOES 


SHOES 

AND 

DIES. 


Guaranteed  to  Wear  Longer 
and  Prove  Cheaper  than 
K?    any  others. 

Made  by  use  of  Special  Appliances. 

PATENTED    AUGUST    16TH,   1802. 
Made  only  by 

Western  Forge  and 
Rolling  Mills, 

ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
WM.  A.   HEWITT,     -       •      Agent, 

11  and  13  First  St  ,  San  Francisco. 


THE  LIGHTNER  QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

\A//V\.  H.  BIRCH  &  GO. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
Cary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin- 
ery, Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 
Cages,  Hoists,  etc 
119   Beale   St.,   San  Francisco. 


IMTTiH 


Business    College, 


San  Francisco. 
FIVE     DOLLARS 


34  Post  Street, 

FOR    SEVENTY 

ThlB  College  instructs  In  Shorthand.  Type- Writing 
Bookkeeping,  Telegraphy,  Penmanship.  Drawing, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  touBlness,  for  full  six  months.  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  established  under  a  thoroughly  qualified 
Instructor.  The  course  Is  thoroughly  practical. 
Send  for  Circular.  C.  S.  HALEY.  Sec. 


•  C.  H.  EVANS  &  CO.,  * 

(Successors  to  THOMSON  &  EVANS.) 

110  &  112  BEALE  STREET,  S.  V. 

MACHINE  WORKS, 

Steam  Pumps.    ♦    Steam  Engines. 

,     .     All  KinM  nf  MACHINERY     .     ■ 


FOR     S/\UE. 


ONE    AIR   COriPRESSOR, 

With  Engine  and  Tank  Complete  and   13  Burleigh 
Drills,  90  miles  from  Tucson,  A.  T.    Address 

e.  w.  BOWERS, 

Tucson,  A.  T. 


The  I.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

69  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Farfc  City,  Utah, 


IWflNUFUCTURERS        OF' 


Stamp  riills,Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,  Desulphurizing  Furnaces,  Etc. 


Improved  Self -Contained  Cushion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contalned,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Bills  for  Heavy 
Timbers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  and  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self-Contained"  Means  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  and 
Can  Be  Readily  Recognized  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plant, 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  Mill  a  Large  Bill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  In  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  and  Loss 
Of  Time. 

SECOND:  The  Saving  in  Mill- 
Wright  and  Mechanics'  Labor  In 
Framing    and     Erecting. 

THIRD:  The  Large  Amount  of 
Space    Saved. 


Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List. — 

CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 


L.  C.  MARSHUTZ. 


T.  G.  CANTRELL. 


NATIONAL 

IRON  WORKS, 

N,  W.  Cor.  Main  &  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco, 

MANUFACTURERS  OP 

STATIONARY  AND  COMPOUND 

ENGINES, 

FLOUR,  SUGAR,  SAW  AND  QUARTZ  MILL 

MACHINERY. 


AMALGAMATING  MACHINES. 


CASTINGS   AND   FORGINGS 


OF  EVERT  DESCRIPTION. 

All  work  tested  and  guaranteed. 


IMPROVED  PORTABLE  HOISTING  ENGINES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of 

Kendall's  Patent 
Quartz  mils. 

Having  renewed  our  contract  on  mon1  advantageous 
terms  with  Mr.  S.  Kendall  for  the  manufacture  of  his 
Patent  Quartz  Mill,  we  are  enabled  to  offer  these 
mills  at  Greatly  Reduced  Prices.  Having  made 
and  sold  these  mills  for. the  past  14  years,  we  know 
their  merits,  and  know  that  they  have  given  perfect 
satisfaction  to  purchasers,  as  numbers  of  commenda- 
tory testimonials  prove.  "We  feel  confident,  therefore, 
that  at  the  prices  we  are  now  prepared  to  offer  them, 
there  is  placed  within  the  reach  or  all  a  light,  cheap 
and  durable  mill  that  will  do  all  that  is  claimed  for 
it  and  give  entire  satisfaction. 

MARSHUTZ  &  CANTRELL. 

Send  for  Circulars  and  Price  List. 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS. 

^2G  market  St.f  &&ti  Francisco,  Cal. 


Founded  by  Mat  hew  Carey,  1786. 
HENRY    CAREY     1SAIRD    A     CO., 

Industrial    Publishers.     Booksellers     and 

Importer-.. 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  l\  S.  A. 

W*Our  New  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientific  Books,  88  Pages,  8vo.,  and  our  other 
Catalogues  and  Circulars,  thewholecoveringevery 
branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and 
tree  Ol  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 


LIMITED. 

TRADE    MArtK. 


'M'ABTHUR-FORREST  PI 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL,         -         -         -         £110,000  STERLING. 

To  MINE  OWNERS  and  others  having  Refrac 
tory  Gold  and  Silver  Ores  hitherto  untreatable  at 
a  profit,  the  MacARTHTJR-FORREST  {Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  the  difficulty. 

Advisory  Board  in  the  United  States:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney;  John 
F.  Bell;  P.  George  Gow. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevenson  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Colorado. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

73  Pine  Street,  Wew  York. 


CYANIDE 


J3jP  igi  TS 

tPOTASSIUn, 

igLcHEMISTSK 

Trade  Mark. 

KFerricyanide  of  Potassium, 
*  Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
f  Hyposulphite  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes. 

-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO- 


Pioneer  Screen  Worksl 
JOHN  W.  Q  UJOK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices! 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals,  Steel,  RuBSla  Iron, 
American  Planish.  Zinc.  Copper  and  Brass  Screens 

for  All  Uses. 

*** MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. »** 

321  and  333  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


A  specialty.  Round,  Blot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Russia  Iron, 
.Homogeneous  Steel, Cast  ( 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron,  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Sckeen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  P. 


Practical  Hydraulics. 

A  Book  for  Civil  Engineers,  Miners,  Mill- 
men,  Hydraulicians,  Mining-  En- 
gineers and  Irrigators. 

Bt  P.  M.  Randall. 

This  work  Is  by  one  of  the  most  experienced 
hydraulicians  of  the  country.  It  abounds  with  use- 
ful tables  for  ready  reference,  In  which  the  results 
of  abstruse  calculations  are  all  placed  in  a  form  bo 
that  one  can  find  what  he  wants  in  a  moment.  For 
the  engineer  the  principles,  formulas,  coefficients, 
etc.,  are  given;  and  for  those  not  familiar  with 
higher  mathematics,  examples,  rules  and  tables  are 
prepared.  Thus  the  needs  of  the  scientist  and  the 
practical  miner  or  mlllman  are  each  met.  It  Is  the 
most  complete  work  on  the  subject  yet  published, 
and  Is  specially  applicable  to  the  Pacific  Coast. 
table  of  contents. 

The  following  brief  abstract  of  the  contents  will 
give  an  idea  of  the  branches  of  the  subject  treated: 

General  Plan;  Discussion  of  the  Principles  of 
Hydraulics;  Rules  Deduced  from  Formula?  Ob- 
tained; Examples  and  Calculations;  Extensive 
Tables  for  Ready  Reference;  Fundamental  Laws  of 
Hydraulics  Demonstrated  and  Expressed  in  For- 
mulas and  Rules:  Plow  of  Water  Through  Open- 
ings; Weir  Coefficients:  Triangular  Weirs;  Flow 
of  Water  over  Quadrant  Weir  (tabulated* :  Applica- 
tion of  Tables;  Submerged  Orifices;  Flow  Through 
Orifices  in  Thin  Partitions:  TableB  and  Applica- 
tions; Miners'  Inches;  Tables  and  Calculations; 
Flow  of  Water  Through  Short  Tubes  and  Compound 
Tubes;  Flow  of  Water  Through  Pipes;  Tables  of 
Velocities  and  Cubic  Feet  Flows  for  Given  Fall  per 
Mile  and  Diameter  of  Pipe;  Coefficient  for  Bend- 
Circular  and  Angular;  Flow  Through  Nozzles;  In- 
verted Siphons;  Flow  of  Water  In  Open  Channels, 
Extensive  Tables;  Rough  and  Ready  Notes;  Hints 
for  Speedy  and  Approximate  Estimates,  etc. 

Price  ,BMW.  postpaid.  Sold  by  THE  MINING  AND 
SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Market  St.,  San  FranctBCO. 


318 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18,    1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following1  is  mostly  condensed  from  journals* 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 
Amador. 

A  1300-Foot  Drift.— A  drift  1200  feet  long 
is  to  be  run  on  the  1000-foot  level  of  the  South 
Eureka  mine,  at  $3.48  per  foot. 

Gwix  Mine.  —  Republican:  The  Gwin  mine 
shaft  is  down  700  feet.  It  is  the  iuteution  to 
go  25  feet  deeper,  and  then  cut  a  station  and 
start  a  crosscut  to  cut  the  ledge  to  ascertain 
its  character.  There  are  twenty-one  men  all 
i nld  on  the  payroll.  The  drifting  will  be  by 
contract.  At  this  depth  a  tank  is  to  be  put 
in  capable  of  holding  200,001)  gallons  of  water. 
This  will  catch  most  of  the  surface  water, 
and  greatly  facilitate  the  drainage  of  the 
works. 

Butte. 
PORBESTAWN  DISTRICT. 

The  Stow  Tunnel. — Mercury:  The  Stow 
mine  and  mill  are  upon  a  slope  of  the  mountain 
two  miles  from  the  South  Fork  of  the  Feather 
river,  the  principal  workings  are  through  a 
shaft  3U0  feet  deep  with  numerous  levels  and 
stopes.  The  descent  from  the  mouth  of  this 
shaft  to  the  river  is  very  rapid,  probably  a 
thousand  feet  to  the  mile.  Mr.  Stow  con- 
ceived the  idea  that  by  going  down  the  moun- 
tain side  and  running  in  a  tunnel  the  ledge 
would  be  tapped  at  a  great  depth,  the  mine 
thoroughly  drained  and  the  ore  could  all  be 
run  out  through  the  tunnel,  thus  avoiding  the 
the  cost  of  the  hoisting  and  pumping,  and  it  is 
the  ultimate  intention  to  move  the  mill  to  the 
mouth  of  this  tunnel.  Calculations  show  that 
from  the  mouth  to  where  it  is  expected  the 
ledge  will  be  encountered,  is  a  distance  of 
about  1200  feet.  The  face  of  the  tunnel  will 
then  be  500  feet  below  the  present  lowest 
depth,  vertically,  or  about  1100  feet  on  the 
pitch  of  ledge.  It  will  be  readily  seen  what 
an  enormous  amount  of  ore  can  be  stoped  down 
at  comparatively  slight  expense. 

The  tunnel  is  all  the  way  through  solid 
greenstone,  and  is  about  eight  feet  square. 
Last  month  102  feet  were  run.  It  is  now  in 
600  feet  or  about  half  way. 

Calaveras. 

Green  Mountain  Mine.— The  new  eight- 
stamp  mill  at  the  Green  Mountain  mine  in 
Chili  gulch  is  finished.  The  upper  tunnel  is 
in  500  feet,  the  lower  one  300  feet.  The  upper 
tunnel  will  be  used  as  a  flume. 

General  Notes. — Echo:  The  Lockwood 
mine  has  been  shut  down  during  the  last  two 
months,  but  the  present  bond  owners,  Messrs. 
Rosenthal  and  others,  of  San  Francisco,  have 
organized  and  intend  opening  up  again  in  a 
few  days. 

Joel  Rowe,  owner  of  the  Henry,  Billy 
Williams  and  Skull  Flat  mines,  has  bonded 
them  for  §50,000. 

Lone  Star.— Mr.  Hurley,  one  of  the  prin- 
cipal owners  of  the  Lone  Star  mine,  was  in 
Angels  Camp  last  week  arranging  for  the 
opening  up  of  this  mine,  which  will  be  worked 
on  an  extensive  scale  and  bring  joy  to  the 
hearts  of  the  people  of  West  Point. 

Blazing  Star. — Mr.  Forester,  the  owner  of 
this  miue,  is  in  San  Francisco  arranging  for 
further  improvements.  It  is  his  intention  to 
build  chlorination  works  which  will  be  of 
great  service  to  him  and  others  in  that  vicinity 
in  working  the  concentrates,  as  the  ore  is 
mostly  high  grade.  This  property,  with  the 
Matrimony,  Water  Lily,  Wide  West,  Smith 
and  Bartbla,  have  been  bonded  for  §300,000, 
says  the  Echo, 

Boston  Mine.— The  Echo  hears  that  the 
owner  of  the  Boston  mine  has  refused  §350,000 
for  it.  Col.  Robinson,  the  superintendent, 
expects  to  find  it  another  Utiea. 
KI  Dorado. 
In  the  Garden  Valley  District.— Work  is 
being  done  on  Collins'  mine;  prospects  good. 
Rosecrans  mine  is  still  tied  up  in  litigation, 
as  is  also  the  Lone  Jack.  The  Emma  mine  is 
being  worked  as  usual.  The  Garden  Valley 
miue  will  be  operated  as  soon  as  the  dry  season 
comes.  It  is  believed  the  Esperanza  mine 
will  have  a  mill  erected  this  summer.  The 
mine  is  well  opened ;  shaft  200  feet  in  depth; 
500  feet  of  levels  and.  crosscuts. 
Kern. 
The  Talc  Mine.— The  Talc  miue  is  located 
twenty-six  miles  from  Delano  and  thirty.-five 
from  Bakersfield,  in  the  White  River  couhtrv, 
iu  granite  formation,  the  claim  being  1500x000 
feet. 

The  gouge  is  four  feet  iu  width,  the  pay 
streak  six  inches  to  two  feet.  The  vein  crops 
the  whole  length  of  the  claim,  and  there  is 
pay  ore  at  all  points. 

The  workings  consist  of  a  double  compart- 
ment shaft,  four  feet  by  eight  at  the  mouth 
of  tunnel  No.  1,  a  depth  of  sixty  feet.  In  the 
face  of  the  drift  at  the  fifty-foot  level  pav 
ore  is  exposed.  Tunnel  No.  lis  in  600  feet- 
all  the  way  on  the  vein  and  in  pay  ore— the 
longest  continuous  ore  chute  in  the  district. 

Forty  feet  from  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel  No. 
1  a  winze  has  been  sunk  to  a  depth  of  80  feet, 
exposing  a  ledge  of  varying  width  all  the  way 
down,  the  vein  in  the  bottom  being  stronger 
and  better  than  at  the  top.  This  tunnel  taps 
the  vein  150  feet  below  the  apex  of  the  hill 
back  of  the  mine. 

The  mouth  of  tunnel  No.  2  is  fifty  feet 
farther  up  the  hill  and  is  driven  in  460  feet, 
and  is  connected  by  air  shaft  with  tunnel  No. 
1,  securing  perfect  ventilation  of  all  the  work- 
ings. 

A  3L;-foot  Huntington  mill,  of  eight  tons 
capacity  every  twenty-four  hours,  is  kept  run- 
ning day  and  night  nearly  all  the  time. 

The  Bald  Mountain  Mine.— The  following 
is  from  the  California^,:  A.  P.  Ellis  of  Glen- 
ville  has  been  working  at  Bald  Mountain 
mine,  White  River  district.  Walter  Wil- 
liams and  William  James  leased  100  feet  of 
the  mine  and  entered  an  old  shaft  and  drifted 


to  the  ledge.  They  found  a  vein  of  rich  iron 
ore  bearing  gold  estimated  to  carry  §500  to 
§2,000  per  ton.  They  have  taken  four  tons  of 
ore  by  working  ten  feet  in  length  and  eight 
feet  in  height.  They  know  that  the  vein 
goes  at  least  four  feet  deeper,  and  it  is  about 
eight  inches  wide  in  the  bottom.  You  can 
see  the  gold  everywhere  by  candle-light  in 
this  vein.  They  have  fifty  feet  above  them 
to  stope  out.  It  beats  everything  ever  seen 
in  the  mine,  or  ever  heard  from  Indian  stories. 
Mr.  Ellis  offered  to  take  one  hundred  and 
fifty  pounds  of  the  rock  for  a  month's  work 
and  was  refused.  They  think  they  can  easily 
get  a  carload  of  this  ore  within  the  next  ten 
days.  The  mine  is  owned  by  an  English  com- 
pany and  superintended  by  Nelson  Halleek. 
In  the  main  lead  they  have  a  vein  two  and  a 
half  feet  thick  that  yields  forty  dollars  per 
ton.  The  same  company  has  a  force  of  eight 
men  taking  out  good  ore  from  the  Eclipse 
mine. 

Lob  Angeles. 

New  York  Capitalists  Afraid. — Los  An- 
geles Times:  The  Times  is  in  receipt  of  a 
letter  received  by  a  gentleman  in  Los  Angeles 
from  a  correspondent  in  New  York  in  refer- 
ence to  mining  properties  in  California  and 
Arizona.  The  writer  states  that  at  the  pres- 
ent time  New  York  is,  without  exception,  the 
poorest  city  in  the  United  States  to  float  auy 
enterprise— mining  or  commercial.  Capital- 
ists, he  says,  have  lost  all  enterprise,  all  that 
they  think  of  being  to  loau  money  on  call  on 
securities  dealt  iu  on  the  Stock  Exchange. 
He  adds  that  this  state  of  affairs  has  been 
produced  by  the  demonetization  of  .silver, 
which  makes  gold  perform  a  double  function, 
with  the  result  of  increasing  the  purchasing 
power  of  gold  as  the  consequence,  the  lower- 
ing of  prices  of  manufactured  good's,  as  well  as 
agricultural  products.  The  writer,  in  conclu- 
sion, says  that  such  a  condition  of  affairs  has 
unsettled  trade  and  produced  a  want  of  con- 
fidence which,  in  turn,  has  caused  capitalists 
to  shut  down  on  new  enterprises,  and  that  for 
all  this  there  is  but  one  remedy,  the  remone- 
tization  of  silver  relieving  gold  of  its  present 
double  duty. 

Nevada. 
Washington  District. — Transcript :  At  the 
Washington  mine  nothing  is  doing  except 
keeping  the  mine  free  from  water.  The  same 
thing  has  been  going  on  for  fouryears  with  no 
signs  of  a  change. 

At  the  German  mine,  nothing  can  be  done 
in  regard  to  starting  up  the  mine  till  after 
the  third  of  July.  Then  if  the  old  company 
fails  to  redeem  the  mortgage  bond  amouuting 
to  eleven  thousand  and  some  odd  dollars,  new 
parties  may  step  in  and  start  up  the  mine 
again.  At  the  Blue'Jay  mine,  owned  by  Baugh 
and  Bouuey,  four  men  are  steadily  employed. 
Their  ledge  is  large,  rich  and  well  defined, 
and  their  little  five-stamp  mill  is  kept  ruuning 
on  good  rock  both  night  and  day.  This  mine 
has  proven  the  richest  iu  this  district  so  far 
as  it  has  been  developed.  The  Last  Chance 
mine,  at  the  head  of  Diamond  Creek,  has  re- 
cently been  sold  for  a  good  round  sum  to  Sacra- 
mento parties.  It  was  a  part  of  the  Yuba 
mine  property  at  Maybert.  There  was  some 
talk  not  a  very  long  time  ago  about  the  Yuba 
mine  at  Maybert  being  sold  but  there  was  no 
truth  in  the  report. 

The  Oho  Fino.— The  "Curry  ledge,"'  now- 
known  as  the  Oro  Fino,  owned  by  Messrs. 
Caldwell  and  Curry,  is  to  be  systematically 
worked  this  summer.  A  ten-stamp  mill  is  be- 
ing put  up. 

The  Morning  Star.— The  shaft  at  the 
Morning  Star  mine,  Gold  Flat,  is  being  en- 
larged, with  two  compartments.  The  ma- 
chinery will  run  by  water  power.  A  pipe  line 
4000  feet  from  the  South  Yuba  Water  Com- 
pany's reservoir  on  the  hill  will  give  sufficient 
pressure. 

Plumas. 
QriNfY  Mining  and  Water  Co.— Warm 
weather  has  furnished  water,  used  to  good 
purpose  against  a  large  bank  of  gravel  which 
presents  every  indication  of  yielding  excellent 
returns.  The  impounding  works  are  a  com- 
plete success  in  their  retention  of  the  debris 
discharged  from  the  sluices. 

Below  the  water  storage  reservoir,  and 
along  the  ridge  sloping  down  from  Spanish 
Peak,  is  a  vast  area  of  mining  ground  con- 
taining ancient  river  channels  and  deposits 
of  gold-bearing  gravel  broken  from  them. 
This  slope  extends  down  to  a  point  north  of 
Quincy.  Already  many  hundred  thousands 
have  been  extracted  iu  a  small  way,  from  the 
territory  named,  just  sufficient  to  show  what 
can  be  done  by  a  proper  expenditure  of  capital 
for  development  purposes. 

Green  Mountain.— There  is  considerable 
work  going  on  at  Green  Mountain  now  pre- 
paratory to  a  systematic  examination  of  this 
extensive  property  by  Mr.  MacLeod,  a  mining 
engiueer  interested  iu  a  rich  syndicate  of 
mining  men.  This  is  a  quartz  property  which, 
with  a  reasonable  amount  of  capital  intelli- 
gently applied  in  development  work,  is  almost 
sure  to  grow  into  a  mammoth  and  valuable 
mining  enterprise,  both  to  the  owners  and  the 
county.  The  tunnels  already  run  are  in  com- 
mand of  an  almost  unlimited  territory  thread- 
ed with  quartz  veins,  many  of  which,  on  the 
surface,  were  rich. 

The  Taber  Mine.— Napa  capitalists  have 
put  up  §10,000  to  develop  this  mine  near  Gib- 
sonville.  By  means  of  a  tunnel  already  in 
nearly  3,000  feet,  it  is  proposed  to  tap  the 
channel  in  Gibsonville  Ridge,  part  of  which  is 
now  being  successfully  worked  by  the  Thistle 
Shaft  Company,  with  great  success.  If  Mr. 
Taber  develops  the  channel,  he  and  his  associ- 
ates will  have  one  of  the  largest  and  beet  drift 
mines  in  that  section. 

Riverside. 
General  Notes.— Work  beguu  this  week  at 
the  Briggs  mine.  When  a  depth  of  350  feet 
is  attained  it  is  supposed  that  at  that  depth 
water  sufficient  to  run  the  mill  will  be 
obtained. 

The  Alice  is  still  in  litigation. 

The  Santa  Rosa  is  pushing  mattets  with  a 


full  force  of  men.  In  the  level  at  the  bottom 
of  the  shaft  the  richest  ore  ever  found  in  the 
mine  is  being  taken  out. 

Sau  I>i«*g;o. 

PiuAcuo  Basin. — Colorado  men  have  figures 
from  a  San  Francisco  firm  for  a  100-stamp  mill, 
and  will  probably  arrange  to  have  it  built. 
The  district  is  looking  up,  and  attracts  con- 
siderable deserved  attention. 

San   Bernardino. 

The  McHaney  Mines.  -It  is  difficult  to  get 
a  conservative  or  authentic  report  from  these 
new  discoveries.  All  the  statements  hitherto 
received  appear  somewhat  inflated.  The  fol- 
lowing is  a  dispatch  from  San  Bernardino: 

"  McHaney  arrived  in  this  city  to-night 
direct  from  the  mine,  and  brought  in  100 
ounces  iu  gold  slugs,  and  left  50  at  the  miue 
which  had  not  yet  been  retorted.  This  150 
ounces  of  gold  is  the  product  of  a  three  days' 
run  with  a  two-stamp  mill,  in  which  twelve 
tons  of  ore  were  worked,  making  the  run 
almost  §200  to  the  ton. 

"Notwithstanding  the  richness  of  the  ore 
there  is  hardly  a  limit  to  the  amount  in  sight. 
The  ledge  is  located  for  700  feet,  and  shafts 
have  been  nut  down  thirty  feet.  The  vein  at 
that  depth  is  more  than  four  feet  wide,  and 
the  ore  richer  than  on  the  surface.  McHaney 
now  has  twenty  men  at  work  sacking  ore, 
which  will  be  transported  five  miles  to  the 
site  of  the  new  five-stamp  mill,  which  will  be 
in  operation  in  three  weeks. 

"  McHaney  talks  of  §1,000,000,  and  says  lie 
will  not  consider  auy  proposition  naming  a 
lower  figure.  If  the  ore  which  is  already  in 
sight  should  average  as  well  as  that  which 
has  been  milled  it  would  not  take  long  to  run 
out  the  amount  which  McHaney  offers  to 
take." 

A  Reported  Strike. — Los  Augeles  Times: 
Two  prospectors  who  came  into  Los  Angeles 
bring  word  of  a  good  strike  in  the  region 
about  forty-five  miles  northeast  of  Indio,  iu 
the  Gold  Blossom  claim,  where  they  say  Ralph 
Marshall  and  Pete  Leiuhart  have  found  a  one 
foot  ledge  which  assays  from  §400  to  §000  in 
gold.  The  same  authority  says  that  Lane  & 
Kingman  in  that  vieinityhave  struck  a  four- 
foot  ledge  of  solid  galena  which  yields  SO 
ounces  in  silver  and  §20  in  gold. 

Shasta. 

Wouldn't  Bond.  — Democrat.'  One  of  our 
mine  owners,  who  has  exposed  a  good  ledge 
by  shaft  and  tunnel,  was  importuned  a  few 
days  ago  to  "  bond  "  his  mine  for  a  year,  the 
sample  ore  showing  up  satisfactorily.  The 
reply  was:  "You  can  select  ore  from  the 
dump,  or  take  ore  from  the  ledge  and  make  a 
working  test,  but  if  you  want  the  mine-fur- 
ther you  will  have  to  pay  me  the  stated  price, 
cash  on  the  nail.     No  bonded  mine  for  me." 

Eureka  Tellurium. — Democrat :  The  Eu- 
reka Tellurium  Mining  Co.'s  mill  at  Salt 
Creek,  near  Middle  Creek  station,  started  up 
Monday  and  will  now  be  run  continuously. 
Jerry  Sullivan  is  foreman  and  a  force  of  eight 
or  ten  men  are  at  work.  More  will  be  put  to 
work  as  soon  as  things  arc  running  smoothly. 
Ten  stamps  are  dropping  and  the  new  roast- 
ing cyanide  furnaces  will  soon  be  in  full  blast. 
The  compauy  have  great  hopes  for  the 
Tellurium  mine. 

The  Gold  Leap.— The  tunuel  in  the  Gold 
Leaf  mine,  owned  by  W.  P.  Miller,  is  now  in 
350  feet  and  a  shaft  100  feet  deep  will  im- 
mediately be  suuk  on  the  ledge.  This  prop- 
erty is  the  old  Hartman  claim,  located  near 
the  "old  Frenchwoman's,"  on  the  old  Shasta 
road.  Miller's  mill,  on  Salt  creek,  this  side 
of  Middle  creek,  has  been  running  steadily 
up  to  Saturday  last,  when  it  was  shut  down 
for  repairs.  New  machinery  will  be  put  in 
and  an  electric  dynamo  will  also  be  put  iu  to 
furnish  power  and  lights.  Frank  Whipple  is 
head  operator  at  the  mine,  which  is  located 
two  miles  from  the  mill. 

To  Be  Sold.— The  Crown  Point  and  Mid- 
night mines,  located  in  the  Centerville  dis- 
trict, are  about  to  be  sold  to  a  Sacramento 
company,  represented  by  Mr.  F.  L.  Fowler, 
who  is  now  here  and  has  been  inspecting  the 
property.  The  new  company  intend  to  de- 
velop the  property  extensively. 

"Electric  Sum ers."— Messrs.  Wright  & 
Sump  are  putting  in  new  electric  slimers  at 
the  Quartz  Hill  Mining  Co.'s  mill  at  Calumet 
spur — the  old  Calumet  mill.  The  slimers  are 
for  saving  the  free  gold  that  escapes  from  the 
mill.  The  plates  are  charged  with  electricity, 
which  holds  the  gold  to  the  plates  and  is  said 
to  work  successfully. 

Ten  New  Stamps. — The  Original  Quartz 
Hill  Mining  Company,  operating  at  the  Calu- 
met mill,  on  the  river  six  miles  above  this 
city,  are  preparing  to  put  in  ten  new  stamps 
in  their  mill.  They  are  now  dropping  ten 
stamps  steadily  and  are  taking  out  exceed- 
ingly good  ore.  With  the  addition  of  ten 
more  stamps  the  output  of  this  mine  and  mill 
will  be  more  than  double  its  present  capacity. 
Tom  Foster  and  Frank  Satterlee  are  doing  the 
amalgamating  at  the  mill. 

Sierra- 

To  Start  Up.— C.  K.  Harrison,  W.  G.  Har- 
rison, C.  Helman,  W.  H.  Armstrong,  Jr.,  J. 
Rosencrantz  and  J.  H.  Cook,  of  San  Francisco, 
the  principal  owners  of  the  El  Capitan  mine, 
about  a  mile  from  Alleghany,  are  there  to  in- 
spect the  mine  and  make  arrangements  for 
starting  up.  The  mine  has  been  idle  all  win- 
ter, but  the  superintendent,  W.  H.  Arm- 
strong, Jr.,  has  made  a  favorable  report. 
Siskiyou. 

Mining  Notes. — Journal:  N.  Lamb  is  put- 
ting up  a  prospecting  quartz  mill  on  Yreka 
creek,  near  foot  of  Miner  street,  with  capacity 
of  five  050-pound  stamps,  which  will  prove 
beneficial  to  quartz  miners  on  Greenhorn 
creek,  Humbug  gulch,  Yreka  flats  and  Haw- 
kinsville. 

Wadeimin  &  Williams  have  a  r'ch  ledge  of 
quartz  on  Greenhorn  creek,  which  has  been 
paying  well. 

The  Mint  qtfat'tii   mine  on    Humbug  gulch, 


owned  by  Herr  and  Van   Nader,  continues  to 
show  good  prospects. 

Corbyn  &  Co.,  on  the  north  fork  of  Salmon 
river,  have  thirty  hauds  at  work  building  a 
new  ditch  and  expect  to  have  it  completed  tor 
use  in  a  short  time,  in  supplying  gkints  with 
an  abuudance  of  water  to  sluice  down  banks  of 
auriferous  clay  and  gravel.  On  the  south  fork 
of  Salmon  river  extensive  operations  are  in 
progress  for  developing  rich  placet*  diggings, 
and  also  on  the  various  small  tributaries  and 
gulches,  all  being  better  supplied  with  water 
this  season  than  for  many  years  past. 

The  Eastlick  brothers  at  Oro  Fino  are  busily 
at  work  with  their  giants  in  piping  down  rich 
paying  banks,  with  certainty  of  an  extensive 
yield  when  a  cleanup  is  made.  They  have 
plenty  of  water  to  run  day  and  night,  and 
have  an  electric  light  plant,  which  proves 
highly  beneficial  in  carrying  nn  the  night 
work. 

Songer  &  Dame  have  completed  the  fixing 
up  of  their  machinery  and  apparatus  for  work- 
ing the  McConnell  &  Quinne  river  claims  in 
the  Klamath,  near  the  mouth  of  Humbug 
creek,  and  are  now  crowding  operations  day 
and  uight  without  any  intermission,  by  em- 
ploying a  large  number  of  hands  for  day  and 
night  shifts.  The-  engine  used  for  the  der- 
ricks aud  pumps  is  of  25-horse  power,  and  lifts 
a  steady  stream  of  sixty  inches  for  the  sluices, 
in  addition  to  working  the  seepage  pump  for 
keeping  the  claim  dry,  and  also  operating  the 
electric  light  plant  illuminating  the  claim  at 
night. 

Austin  &  Co.,  of  the  Greenhorn  blue  gravel 
mine,  near  Yreka,  find  the  pay  improving  and 
the  gold  coarser  as  the  tunneling  extends 
westward,  or  up  the  creek.  The  average 
yield  is  about  §100(1  a  week,  but  the  prospects, 
with  the  good  supply  of  water  at  present,  give 
assurance  of  still  better  pay. 

The  Schroeder  quartz  mine  at  Deadwood  is 
paying  handsomely,  and  the  enterprising 
owner  is  working  a  large  force  of  hands  in  get- 
ting out  quartz  to  keep  the  mill  running 
steadily  without  intermission. 

The  claim  of  Antone  Brazil  &  Co.,  near  the 
Espey  &  Co.  mine  at  Hawkinsville,  has  been 
paying  handsomely  of  late.  At  the  last  clean- 
up a  nugget  weighing  4%  ounces  and  worth 
§77  was  taken  out,  also  several  nuggets  of  §10, 
§t\  and  smaller  sizes,  all  the  gold  realized  con- 
sisting of  coarse  grains. 

The  Spangler  brothers,  of  Humbug  creek, 
have  a  large  extent  of  ground  stripped  for 
working,  and  will  commence  sluicing  pay 
gravel  this  week,  with  prospects  of  success. 

Several  claims  have  been  located  between 
Hawkinsville  and  the  Shasta  river,  inconse- 
quence of  rich  prospects  found,  aud  the  con- 
struction of  the  new  flume  roin  Shasta  river 
by  Espey  &  Co.,  supplied  by  a  200-horse  power 
pump  raising  the  water  over  500  feet  from  the 
river  to  the  summit  of  the  hill  above  Hawkins- 
ville. The  stockholders  of  the  Espey  Co.  have 
also  located  several  claims  in  the  same  local- 
ity in  addition  to  claims  purchased. 

Cropker  Bros,  are  making  preparations  for 
an  extensive  run  at  their  river  mine  near 
Williams'  ferry,  at  the  old  stage  road  crossing. 
The  American  Bar  miners,  farther  on  down 
the  river,  are  also  preparing  for  extensive  op- 
erations. This  claim  is  owned  by  .1.  C.  Bayer, 
of  Portland,  and  has  been  a  paying  proposition 
from  the  start. 

The  Iunker  quartz  mine,  near  Honolulu, 
owned  by  Chas.  Iunker,  of  Yreka,  and  which 
he  has  been  working  for  several  years,  has 
gotten  onto  a  paying  basis.  A  five-stamp  mill 
is  in  steady  operation  on  this  property. 

W.  H.  Smith  is  having  good  su*cess  in  his 
hydraulic  mine  at  Henley,  aud  is  working  it 
night  and  day. 

Ben  Reeder,  who  has  taken  out  from  $8000 
to  §10,000  with  a  hand  mortar  at  his  quartz 
ledge  in  the  Fool's  Paradise  district,  is  get- 
ting ready  to  do  more  development  work  on 
the  claim,  which,  as  the  returns  show,  yields 
some  remarkably  rich  rock. 

Operations  SUSPENDED. —  TUlvntfts:  The  ex- 
tensive operations  that  have  been  carried  on 
at  the  Black  Jack  miue,  near  Horn  brook  on 
the  Klamath  river,  were  closed  down  last  Fri- 
day, for  the  present  at  least,  and  all  but  four 
of  the  thirty  to  thirty-five  men  who  had  been 
employed  were  discharged.  This  mine,  which 
is  a  gravel  deposit  similar  to  the  .lillson  mine 
adjoining,  was  originally  owned  by  Messrs. 
Cooley,  Ryan  and  Burckhalter.  and  bunded  by 
them  to  R.  L  Dunne,  who  had  enlisted  the 
interest  of  a  Michigan  capitalist  of  ample  re- 
sources in  the  proposition.  Tl  c  latter  had 
furnished  the  money  for  development,  which 
had  been  carried  along  at  a  lively  rate  the 
past  few  months  under  the  superintendence 
of  Mr.  Dunne.  A  couple  of  weeks  ago  the 
Michigan  capitalist  and  his  private  secretary 
come  out  to  look  at  the  proposition,  and  their 
week's  stay  resulted  iu  the  shutting  down  of 
work.  It.  is  estimated,  that  some  $15,000  has 
been  expended  in  development  work,  and  min- 
ing men  say  the  proposition  never  looked  more 
promising.  Supt.  Dunne  is  confident  that 
plenty  of  capital  can  easily  be  secured  to  de- 
velop such  a  property,  and  that  operations  will 
shortly  be  resumed  on  an  extensive  scale- 
Two  main  tunnels  have  been  run  in  on  the 
claim,  No.  2  being  in  300  feet,  besides  exten- 
sive upraises  and  inclines  that  have  been 
made.  The  mine  was  just  getting  equipped 
splendidly  for  work,  having  had  convenient 
buildings  nicely  fitted  up.  A  small  stamp  mill 
is  in  good  working  order,  fitted  with  first- 
class  power.  An  electric  light  plant  is  on  the 
ground,  but  had  not  been  set  up  yet  when 
work  was  suspended.  Considerable  of  the 
rock  bad  been  milled  and  gave   good  returns. 

Trinity. 

A  Rich  Strike..— Democrat:  The  Brown 
Bear  Mining  Company  of  Deadwood  were 
making  preparations  last  fall  to  abandon  the 
mine.  The  mine  has  already  been  practically 
abandoned  twice.  A  tunnel  was  being  run  to 
crosscut  the  ledge  at  a  depth  of  some  400  feet 
last  week,  and  a  four-foot  vein  of  $100  ore  was 
cut  at  a  depth  of  400  feet  from  the  surface 
that  mills  over  $100  per  ton.  This  mine  has 
yielded   over  three  aud  one-half  millions  in 


May  18    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


319 


gold  end  now  has  as  much  more  practically  in 
sight. 

Tuoliiuinr. 

Tbb  Uppbb  Belt  Mink*. — The  Lady  Wash 
Ington  shows  the  vein  mming  in  again  pros- 
pecting well  In  free  gold.  The  Draper-Whitto 
is  being  cleared  out  and  pul  in  shape  for  act- 
ive work.  The  shaft  ai  rhe  Seminole  Cons. 
Is  ir;.  feet  deep;  the  mill  Is  running  on  pa) 
ore.  The  North  Fork  mine  shows  well  and 
gh  es  promise  "f  good  rei  urn. 

Tin;  Motubb  Lode  Mim>.  The  Rawhide 
continues  a  steady  producer  from  I  he  500  and 
000-foot  levels.  The  Gem  is  being  steadily 
i  y\ug  17.50  a  ton  in  the  in 
B tamp  mill.  The  Alabama  is  idle,  though  the 
targe  quantity  of  low-grade  ore  would  ustlfy 
ii  i  [on  ol  sul  table  work    thi 

NEVADA. 

1     l\<     Ml     \       .     0. 

i;  ..,./.  Shipments  ol  ore  are  being  made  lo 
the  Phoenix  Reduction  Ca'sworks  from  the 
Advance  mine,  situated  aboui  twelve  miles 
Bullionville  in  Panaca  district.  A  test 
run  by  the  cyanide  process  "ill  be  made  of 
the  ore. 

ARK  \ns  V*. 

The  deal  which  has  been  on    for   some    I  ime 
past  with   the  English   syndicate   has    been 
closed  at  Little  Rock.     It  involves  the   Morn- 
ing Star  mine,   and   a   large  tract  in  Marion 
i  j      The  purchase  price  Is  $300,000. 

COLOItADO. 

A  Large  Capitalization.— The  Blue  Bell 
Mining  and  Milling  Co.  have  given  a  bond  and 
lease  on  their  Hobo  claim  to  Denver  parties 
fur  -s'.u.ouii  li  win  he  incorporated  into  a  com- 
pany which  will  be  capitalized    for  $1,000,000. 

IDAHO. 

I£  Gold  Nuggets.—  The  report  of  the  finding  of  a 
large  quantity  of  gold  uuggets  by  miners  at 
work  on  the  Sturgill  bar,  has  been  confirmed 
by  a  letter  from  J.  A.  Wright,  of  Sparta,  who 
writes  thai  a  peck  or  more  of  nuggets  were. 
picked  up  by  the  men  at  work.  Only  the  nug- 
gets were  taken,  and  as  much  more  coarse 
gold  is  said  to  be  lying  on  the  bedrock,  which 
will  be  taken  out  when  a  clean-up  of  the 
sluices  is  made. 

The  old  channel  of  Snake  river  lies  about 
100  feet  above  the  present  water  level  of  the 
stream.  Previously  miners  had  carried  on 
their  work  on  bars  lying  between  the  high 
and  low-water  mark  of  the  river.  The  Stur- 
gill bar  find  has  caused  great  excitement 
among  miuers  of  that  locality,  and  the  old 
channel  of  the  river  will  be  prospected. 

Tde  Poorman. — Avalanche:  The  company 
operating  this  famous  old  War  Eagle  property- 
has  recently  been  re-organized,  and  the  name 
chauged  from  "The  Poorman  Consolidated 
Mines  Ltd.,"  to  "  The  Poorman  Gold  Mines 
Ltd.1'  With  the  change  in  name  then  is 
also  a  change  in  management,  Arthur  Grothe, 
of  Payette,  being  now  general  manager 
of  the  mines  for  the  London  stockholders, 
and  Mr.  Anderson,  of  Montana,  the  superin- 
tendent in  charge.  The  new  men  have  as- 
sumed control  and  have  begun  active  work 
on  the  property.  At  present  the  work  is  con- 
fined to  prospecting,  sampling,  surveying  and 
re-timbering  the  old  workings  and  ore  bodies 
to  find  out  "where  they  are  at,"  The  Oro  tun- 
nel will  be  driven  ahead  and  connections  made 
with  the  South  Poorman  tunnel,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  ventilation,  etc.,  and  the  Belle  Peck 
drift  will  be  put  in  shape  and  used  for  the 
main  working  tunnel.  The  management  has 
decided  to  remodel  the  Leonard  mill,  on  Jor- 
dan creek,  put  in  five  more  stamps,  anew 
engine  and  boiler,  four  six-foot  Frue  vanners, 
and  copper  plates.  The  power  will  be  suffi- 
cient to  run  an  additional  ten  stamps  at  any 
time  the  output  from  the  mines  demand. 

A  wire-rope  tramway  will  be  constructed 
from  the  mines  to  the  mill  at  once,  which  will 
greatly  lessen  the  cost  of  transportation. 
Four  men  are  now  employed  at  the  mill,  tear- 
ing out  the  old  machinery  and  preparing  for 
the  new. 

Ax  Impuktaxt  Feature,— The  new  tunnel 
which  is  being  started  to  intersect  the  Stand- 
ard vein,  and  which  will  eventually  be  the 
main  working  tunnel  of  the  mine,  is  a  feature 
of  vast  importance  to  this  region.  The  mere 
fact  of  the  commencement  of  such  an  ex- 
pensive undertaking  at  a  time  when  lead  and 
silver  are  about  as  low  in  price  as  ever  they 
have  been  known  is  sufficient  index  to  the 
great  value  of  the  property  and  the  high 
estimate  placed  upon  it  by  its  owners.  For 
the  next  eighteen  months  the  work  will  have 
to  be  continually  prosecuted  in  order  to  reach 
the  lode,  which  will  be  encountered  at  a  dis- 
tance of  from  2,500  to  3,000  feet  from  the  place 
of  commencement.  The  tunnel  will  be  about 
six  feet  wide  and  six  feet  high,  the  inten- 
tion being  to  employ  mules  for  hauling  the 
cars.  The  point  selected  for  the  tunnel  is  not 
over  150  to  200  feet  from  the  Northern  Pacific 
railroad.  A  five  machine-drill  compressor 
has  been  ordered,  and  as  soon  as  this  arrives 
and  is  in  place  the  tunuel  will  be  driven  in  as 
rapidly  as  possible.  It  will  intersect  the 
Standard  vein  at  a  depth  of  420  feet  below  the 
Banner  tunrel,  which  is  the  present  lowest 
level  of  the  mine. 

OREGON. 
UNION  CO. 

A  Union  dispatch  says:  Messrs.  Mills  and 
Reed  have  just  bonded  their  quartz-mining 
claim  in  the  Bonanza  basin,  in  the  Cornucopia 
district,  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  county,  to 
Eastern  capitalists,  for  the  sum  of  ¥40,000. 
The  purchasers  will  arrive  in  a  few  days  and 
commence  mining  operations  on  an  extensive 
scale. 

UTAH. 

A  Utah  Incorporation. — Tribune.1  The 
Goldsmith  Coal-Bank  Gold  and  Silver  Mining 
Company  has  incorporated  to  acquire,  develop 
and  operate  mines  and  water  rights,  including 
coal,  stone,  clay  lands,  farms,  reservoirs, 
canals,  ditches,  j&umeB  and,  other  real  estate. 


The  stock  is  divided  into  1,000,000  shares,  par 
value,  $1  per  share. 

The  incorporators  have  conveyed  to  the  cor- 
poration coal  lands  and  claims  in  Emery  county 
known  as  the  Muddy  mine,  the  Coal-Bank 
mine,  the  Cliff  mine,  the  Rock  Canyon  mine, 
the  Dodge  mine  and  the  Stapley  mine.  In 
Millard  county  the  Last  Lad.  Amy,  Hig  Horn, 
Spanish,  Uichfurd,  Thome,  Dodge,  Big  Horn 
No.  B63,  Swazy,  McCorntck,  Yellow  Bank  and 
Busby  and  all  the  water,  timber  and  road 
right  locations.  The  directors  and  officers  for 
the  first  are  John  H.  Thome,  president:  James 
M.  Smith,  vice-president;  Ernest  W.  Salt, 
treasurer;  Thomas  Kane,  secretary;  Seth 
Dodge,  superintendent. 

The  company  proposes  to  commence  develop- 
ment work  on  its  mines  at  once. 

Mbrour  District.— The  plant  with  which 
the  Mereur  Company  will  hereafter  refine 
their  product  is  beiug  built.  The  company 
expects  to  save  the  cost  of  transportation  and 
working  charges  and  a  higher  per  cent  of  the 
value  of  the  product,  amounting  to  $4000 
monthly, 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Spearfisu  Creek.— Pioneer:  Although  there 
is  but  little  excitement  over  the  late  find  on 
Spearfish  creek,  there  is  a  good  body  of  sili- 
cious  ore  there  which  will  average  from  $14  to 
$40  a  ton,  and  a  number  of  men  are  hard  at 
work. 

WASHINGTON. 

Horseshoe  Basin. — Lake  Chelan  Leader:  Up 
to  1892  about  300  mineral  claims  had  been 
located,  mostly  in  Horseshoe  Basin  and  near 
the  summit  of  the  Cascade  range,  where  the 
headwaters  of  the  Stehekin  river,  which 
flows  into  Lake  Chelan,  have  their  source. 
During  1802  prospecting  and  developing  pros- 
pects already  made  were  pursued  with  re- 
newed energy,  no  less  than  1000  mining  men 
being  on  the'ground  from  May  to  November, 
and  during  this  time  about  1500  mining  claims 
were  located  in  this  region. 

The  general  trend  of  these  vast  mineral 
lodes  is  northeasterly  and  southwesterly, 
which  is  about  the  direction  of  the  Cascade 
range  in  this  locality. 

The  terrific  work  of  past  glacial  action  in 
this  region  has  so  torn  and  carried  away  the 
sides  of  the  mountains  as  to  leave  exposed  to 
view  extensive  veins  of  mineral  which  can  be 
readily  traced  by  the  veins  themselves  and 
unmistakable  surface  indications  for  two  or 
three  miles  up  and  down  the  bare,  gray  and 
red  peaks  and  through  the  intervening  basins 
and  passes.  The  general  character  of  these 
vast  ore  deposits  is  galena,  varying  from  50  to 
200  ounces  of  silver  to  the  ton,  and  averaging 
nearly  75%  in  lead. 

Monte  Cristo  District.— Twenty-five  men 
were  put  to  work  in  the  Mystery  mine  within 
the  past  few  days.  The  concentrator  has 
started  and  will  treat  100  tons  of  ore  a  day. 
Shipments  of  concentrates  have  begun. 


California      Miners'     Association. 


Executive  Committee  Meeting:* 

An  important  meeting  of  the  Executive 
Committee  of  the  California  Miners'  Asso- 
ciation will  be  held  in  Pa  lor  A,  Palace 
Hotel,  San  Francisco,  on  Thursday,  June  6, 
1895,  at  8  p.  M. 

It  is  highly  desirable  that  there  shall  be  a 
full  attendance  at  this  meeting,  and  this 
notice  is  sent  some  weeks  in  advance  in  order 
that  members  of  the  Committee  residing  in 
the  interior  may  make  the  necessary  arrange- 
ments to  be  present.  Representation  is  want- 
ed from  each  county  in  the  organization,  and 
unless  the  members  properly  delegated  attend 
their  counties  will  be  unrepresented.  You 
are  therefore  urged  to  make  every  effort  to 
be  present,  as  we  wish  a  full  meeting. 

The  views  of  all  the  members  are  wanted 
on  the  "Mineral  Land  and  Railroad"  ques- 
tion in  order  to  definitely  determine  the 
course  to  be  taken  by  the  Association  in  this 
important  matter.  A  great  deal  has  already 
been  accomplished  through  the  special  com- 
mittee on  "Protection  of  Mineral  Lands," 
but  a  free  expression  of  opinion  is  desired  as 
to  what  further  steps  are  to  be  taken  by  the 
Association  as  a  whole. 

The  matter  of  finances  is  also  one  of  conse- 
quence requiring  immediate  attention.  If  the 
resolutions  and  instructions  of  the  recent 
Miners'  Convention  are  to  be  carried  out,  the 
Executive  Committee  must  have  funds  to 
carry  on  the  work.  As  the  majority  of  the 
members  of  the  Association  reside  in  the  inte- 
rior counties,  the  prompt  financial  assistance 
of  those  counties  is  expected;  and  it  is  hoped 
that  those  who  attend  this  meeting  will  come 
prepared  to  say  what  may  be  expected  from 
their  respective  localities. 

It  will  be  noted  that  some  of  the  papers  of 
the  State  are  agitating  a  renewal  of  the  old 
anti-debris  contest,  notwithstanding  the  fact 
that  there  is  now  a  Federal  law  regulating 
hydraulic  mining  in  California,  framed  for  the 
protection  of  all  interests,  and  also  a  Federal 
Commission  having  authority  under  said  law 
to  permit  or  prevent  the  working  of  said 
mines,  as  the  interests  of  the  public  require. 
These  papers  are  also  making  an  effort  to 
bring  the  quartz  and  drift  mines  into  the 
same  category  as  hydraulic  mines.  AH  such 
attempts  must  be  met  by  the  united  forces  of 
the  miners  of  California  if  they  wish  their  in- 
dustry to  prosper.  To  this  end  the  California 
Miners'  Association  must  continue  its  efforts 
in  behalf  of  the  mining  interests.  All  these 
matters  will  be  discussed  at  the  meeting  of 
June  6th,  and  all  members  of  the  Executive 
Committee  are  urgently  asked  to  be  present. 

Califoesia  Miners'  Association. 
J.  H.  Nepp,  Pre*.       Wm.  C,  Ramton,  Seo'y. 


METAL  HININQ 

Mechanl>        U  ■  [m   and 

U 

:■'■" 
■  ,'/  Plumbing  and  //-■- 
\  ■■:■  v.  nlpe  ui i mm  ana  oose  ol  mineral  Bpeotmens  fa     u    students.    S 
i ■''■■  i Circular,  stating  the  Bubjeol  you  h  Isb  to  study,  to 

The  International  Correspondence  Schools,  SCRANT0N,  PA. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 

121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0.    280  Caxtou  Blk.,  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


SPECIALTIES 


Office  Of  THBCLEVEI    IND    [RON  OttE 

Paint  Co.  and  The  Garry  Iron  ' 
Roofing    Co..    Cleveland.,  o . 

2c,  1804. 

ii,,  American  Mining  &  Milling  MacMneru 
Co.,  Cleveland,  0.: 
Gentlemen:— We  purchased  a  No.  2 

American  Hock  Breaker  and  a   No.  '.' 

American  Bail   Pulverizer   from   your 

company  about  one  j  ear  ago  The  latter 

part  of  April.  1898,  we   Btarted  up  for 

regular  work,   since    which   time  we 

have  run  both  of  aaiu  machines  to  the 

full  extent  of  our  demands  and  to  our 

entire  satisfaction.    The  flrei  TOO  tons  ol 

hard  Iron  oro  that   we  pulverized    tor 

paint    purposes    was    prround    without 

taking  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  with- 
out expending  one  dollar  for  repairs  for 
"    hese  machines,    of  the  "uo 
;en  Of,  about  ZOO  lona  was  Lake 
Specular  Iron  ore.  containing 

some  70  per  cent  Iron:  a  very  difficult. 
ore  to  pulverize.  The  remainder  was  a  red  fossillferous  iron  ore. 
carrying  quite  a  per  cent  of  silex.  which  cuts  out  buhr- stones  rapidly. 
We  find  that  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when  new  ft  in.  In  diameter. 
now  caliper  A%  In.,  and  are  perfectly  round  and  smooth.  The  grinding 
track  shows  very  little  wear,  and  the  driving  track  shows  less:  In 
fact,  the  wear  is  almost  Imperceptible.  These  two  machines  crush  and 
pulverize  more  ihan  one  ton  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.  We  do 
not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  compare  with  the  output  of  those  two  machines  In  quan- 
tity, quality,  small  amount  of  wear  and  tear,  and  like  power.  In  our  opinion,  you  cannot  recommend 
them  too  highly.    Very  truly  yours.  Cleveland  Ikon  Ohe  Paint  CO 


AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM. 
BALL  PULVERIZER. 

Th.'   simpli'Ht.  cheapowt    and  J 

best  machines  In  tne  mar- 
ket.   Pulverize   wei   or  dry  ' 

to    any    degree  of    fineness.  \ 
Make  little  or  no  Bllmes    in 
wet  nor  diiBt    in  dry  work. 
Pour  sizes,  capacity  from  2  ^ 
to  60  tons  per  day. 

SEND     FOR     CATALOGUE 
Cable  Address.  American. 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal 
Awarded  by 
Fair, 


y  World's       >  either  of  th 
1893.  >   tons  spoken 

vww>^n*0  Superior  Spe 


THE  AJI.  BALL  PULVERIZER 
Morris  Patent. 


(INSULATING  TAPE. 

P.  &  B.  ARMATURE  VARNISH. 

'electrical  COMPOUND. 


STANDARD  OF  EXCELLENCE— USED  IN  ALL  FIRST-CLASS  ELECTRICAL  WORK. 

Samples  and  Circulars  on  application. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO. 


116  BATTERY  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 
221  SOUTH  BROADWAY,  LOS  ANGELES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of  P.  &  B.  Paints,  Roofing;,  Building-  Papers. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plales 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-five  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILYER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

653  and  655  Mission  Street.  San  Franeisco,  Cal. 

Telephone.  Main  5931. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON,      -  Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  for  Circular. 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


220  Market  SS., 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


ESTABLISHED  J863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associate?  und  agents  in  "Washington  and  the  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Law  Li- 
brary, and  record  of  original  cases  in  our  office,  we  hive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
be  offered  home  inventors  bv  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Offloe,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  ur  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  the  expense  of  applying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents.  220  Market  St..  S.P. 


MINERS'     FAVORITE  1 

Perkins  Double-Acting 
PLUNGER    PUMPS. 

Cap-telly  2000  to  20,000 
trals.  per  hour.  Especially 
adapted  for  m'ntB.  Will 
raise  water  anv  height 
or  distance  and  oan  be 
worked  *■  uccessfully 
under  every  possible  situ- 
ation. PuinpB  aand  and 
water.  No  cylinder  or 
plHionsto  wear  out.  For 
all  particulars  send  to  the 


PERKINS  PUMP  AND  ENGINE  CO.,  117  Main  Street,  San  Francisco. 


320 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18    1895. 


The  Mineral  Hydrocarbons. 


Their  History.  Geography,  Qeology.  Physical  and 
Chemical  Properties  and  Uses. 


NUMBER  XXVIII. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and 
copyrighted  1894,  by  Henry  G.  Hanks.  F.  G.  S. 

Humboldt  County .  —Natural  gas  oc- 
curs at  Petrolia  and  at  upper  Mattole. 
It  rises  in  bubbles  in  the  bed  of  Mattole 
river.  Nearly  all  the  wells  sunk  for 
oil  in  early  times  yielded  more  or  less 
gas. 

While  the  tunnel  on  the  line  of  the 
Eel  River  and  Eureka  railroad  was 
being  driven,  escaping  gas  in  the  cut- 
tings caused  the  workmen  much  annoy- 
ance and  trouble. 

"  In  1868  W.  H.  Green  and  associates 
were  sinking  a  well  near  Hydesville 
Suddenly  an  explosion  took  place.  The 
well  is  said  to  have  '  blown  up;'  the 
pipes  were  thrown  out  and  the  well 
ruined.  Accidental  ignition  of  natural 
gas  was  the  supposed  cause." 

In  October,  1893,  I  visited  a  flowing 
artesian  well  at  the  sawmill  of  Flanigan 
&  Brosnan,  in  Eureka.  It  continually 
flows  about  an  inch  of  water,  which  has 
a  decided  mineral  taste.  It  is  sold  and 
largely  consumed  under  the  name  of 
the  "Humbolt  mineral  water."  A 
small  quantity  of  bubbling  gas  comes 
up  with  the  Water,  which  can  be 
ignited,  but  it  does  not  escape  in  suffi- 
cient quantity  to  burn  continuously; 
generally  a  flash  only  follows  the  appli- 
cation of  a  lighted  match.  If  the  small 
side  aperture  through  which  the 
water  flows  is  closed,  the  water  in  the 
pipe  rises  and  overflows.  This  is  in  all 
respects  like  the  Stockton  gas  wells  to 
be  described,  except  that  both  the 
flowing  water  and  gas  are  less  in  quan- 
tity. This  well  was  sunk  about  1877, 
as  nearly  as  I  could  ascertain. 

On  Bear  river,  at  the  Odell  place,  and 
at  Wicks'  ranch,  gas  escapes  naturally 
from  crevices  in  the  earth.  At  Wicks' 
it  once  burned  for  several  years.  The 
flame  burned  like  brandy  and  rose  but 
a  few  inches  above  the  ground. 

I  was  informed  by  Mr.  William 
Ay  res  of  Eureka  that  near  Bear  river, 
about  a  mile  and  a  half  up  a  side  gulch 
from  the  river,  and  four  or  five  miles 
from  Cape  Town,  there  is  an  area  of 
from  50  to  100  square  feet  over  the 
whole  surface  of  which  gas  rises  and 
can  be  ignited;  it  once  burned  for  four 
years. 

Cape  Town  was  formerly  a  whaling 
station  and  was  called  "  Gas  Jet," 
because  the  whalers  used  to  try  out 
their  oil  by  the  heat  of  burning  gas, 
which  they  conducted  beneath  their 
kettles.  Cape  Town  lies  on  the  coast 
about  three  miles  N.  N.  E.  from  Cape 
Mendocino. 

Kern  County. — In  the  report  of  the 
Buena  Vista  Petroleum  Company, 
made  in  1866  by  E.  Benoist,  after  de- 
scribing the  oil  well  being  sunk,  he 
adds:  "  Had  the  requisite  machinery 
been  at  hand,  I  should  have  gone  to  a 
greater  depth,  but  deemed  it  to  be 
inadmissible  to  do  so  at  this  time,  as 
the  quantity  of  gas  issuing  would  make 
it  difficult  to  prevent  ignition  of  the 
oil,  which  circumstance  in  your  case, 
when  it  is  so  abundant,  would  entail 
serious  loss." 

The  following  is  an  excerpt  from 
the  San  Francisco  Chronicle  of  unknown 
date:  "In  a  well  sunk  for  oil  in  Kern 
county,  when  at  a  depth  of  several 
hundred  feet,  a  deposit  of  gas  was 
struck.  The  flow  was  so  strong  that 
the  heavy  drilling  tools  were  sent 
flying  into  the  air  over  the  top  of  the 
derrick,  accompanied  by  a  shower  of 
stones,  fragments  of  casing  and  other 
debris.  About  the  well  was  a  layer  of 
large  three-inch  planking  which  had 
been  used  in  forcing  the  casing  into  the 
earth.  The  force  of  the  gas  explosion 
tore  a  hole  three  feet  in  diameter 
through  the  three  inches  of  solid  wood, 
leaving  the  edges  as  sharply  cut  as  if 
done  with  an  ax."  This  was  probably 
the  Columbia  well  at  Buena  Vista, 
elsewhere  referred  to. 

Lake  County. — This  county  is  noted 
for  the  solfataric  region  which  lies 
within  its  borders.  The  sulphur  bank, 
the  great  gas  spring  in  Clear  lake,  the 
hot  ammoniacal  spring,  the  obsidian 
hills,  sulphur  fumerols  and  the  Borax 


INVENTORS,      Take      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

226  Market  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  StairB),  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  klnda 
of  modelB.  Tin  and  braaswork.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  coTtfldrntfii, 


lake,  are  evidences  of  strange  meta- 
morphoses taking  place  below  the  sur- 
face. Emanations  of  carbonic  acid, 
hydrosulphuric  acid,  sulphurous  acid 
and  hydrocarbon  gases  are  all  met 
with  at  numerous  localities. 

In  1878  Mr.  J.  S.  Jamison,  iu  a  letter 
to  the  Sacramento  Bee,  described  a  gas- 
emittingmound  nearKelseyville:  "This 
mound  is  on  the  eastern  boundary  of 
the  town,  on  a  slight  elevation.  The 
mound  covers  one  and  a  half  acres,  and 
gas  escapes  over  the  whole  surface  and 
can  be  lighted  with  a  match,  when  it 
will  continue  to  burn  for  hours  and  the 
light  can  be  seen  for  a  long  distance  at 
night.  Several  shallow  wells  were 
sunk  on  it  by  which  the  flow  of  gas  was 
considerably  augmented.  A  perforated 
tin  can  placed  over  the  opening  burned 
for  several  days.  A  pipe  laid  for 
twenty  feet  or  more  and  connected 
with  a  cooking  stove  furnished  enough 
gas  to  cook  vegetables."  This  gas 
was  discovered  ten  or  twelve  years 
before.  It  burned  at  any  and  all  sea- 
sons of  the  year,  but  was  thought  to 
give  a  brighter  light  in  the  winter  and 
spring. 

Los  Angeles  county. — In  sinking  a 
well  at  Los  Angeles  in  1885  a  flow  of 
gas  was  obtained. 

The  following  from  the  Los  Angeles 
Herald  of  uncertain  date  probably  re- 
fers to  the  above  item,,  taken  also  from 
a  newspaper: 

"  Another  Great  Discovery. — Yester- 
day, as  Don  Francisco  Ruiz  was  dig- 
ging a  well  on  Pico  street  extension 
near  the  schoolhouse,  on  the  Monte 
Vista  road,  the  workman  in  the  bottom 
of  the  well — Erasmus  Durand — struck 
a  vein  of  hydrogen  gas  that  took  fire 
from  a  cigarette  aud  blazed  up  to  a 
height  of  ten  feet  above  the  well  and  is 
still  blazing.  Mr.  Durand  was  hauled 
out  of  the  fiery  furnace  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible, but  in  the  ascent  was  terribly 
burned  in  his  hands,  while  his  hair  was 
singed  off.  This  is  a  most  valuable 
discovery  for  the  southwestern  part  of 
the  city,  and  should  be  utilized  at 
once.  The  University  can  be  lighted 
!  and  heated  by  this  well.  *  *  * 
I  There  should  be  a  dozen  wells  sunk  as 
soon  as  possible  inside  the  city  limits. 
There  are  now  two  west  of  the  city 
line  and  many  gas  springs  inside  the 
city.  Why  are  they  not  utilized  '!  The 
cable  road  can  propel  its  engine  from 
gas  that  is  formed  beneath  its  track 
and  is  here  and  there  leaking  out  of 
the  rifts  in  the  rocks  to  fly  away  into 
the  atmosphere.  All  this  enormous  j 
wealth  should  be  utilized  without  de- 
lay. Who  will  open  these  wells  of 
wealth  and  reduce  the  cost  of  fuel  to 
one-half  its  present  price  ?  " 

A  reporter  of  the  Los  Angeles 
Times  has  been  ' '  doing  "  the  San  Fer- 
nando oil  wells.  If  his  statements  are 
correct,  which  the  Alta  has  no  reason 
to  doubt,  the  oil  interests  must  be 
growing  to  an  extent  which  is  almost 
inconceivable.  *  *  *  He  adds 
"  that  the  first  thing  observable  when 
darkness  came  on  was  that  the  city 
was  lighted  by  gas,  and  this  led  to  the 
further  discovery  that  the  cooking  was 
done  and  the  rooms  heated  and  the  en- 
gines run  all  without  an3'  other  fuel 
than  that  obtained  by  introducing  the 
end  of  an  iron  pipe  into  one  of  the  oil 
wells  and  making  connections  with 
such  places  as  required  lighting  and 
heating."  (Excerpt  from  San  Fran- 
cisco Alta  California.) 

"  Natural  gas  has  been  struck  near 
Los  Angeles.  It  is  pouring  out  in 
large  quantities  under  high  pressure 
and  appears  to  possess  all  the  qualities 
necessary  for  heat  and  power  pur- 
poses. The  well  has  been  bored  by 
I.  W.  Hellman  on  his  ranch,  a  mile  or 
so  east  of  Boyle  Heights,  formerly 
known  as  the  Repette  place."  (News- 
paper clipping,  March,  1892.) 

Mendocino  County. — In  1873  a  spring 
of  natural  gas  was  burning  a  few  miles 
east  of  Round  valley.  From  descrip- 
tions given,  it  resembled  that  of  Sul- 
phur Creek,  Colusa  county. 
{To  be  Continued.) 


The  Pelton  System  of  Power 

Represents  the  highest  development  yet  attained  in  water 
wheel  practice  and  affords  the  most  simple,  efficient  and 
economical  means  of  utilizing  water  for  power  purposes. 

Six  Thousand  Wheels  Now  Running, 


Aggregating  over  400,000  horse  power.    Adaptation  made 
to  all  conditions  and  every  variety  of  service. 


Electric  Power  Transmission. 

PELTON  WHEELS  are  the  recognized  standard  for  electrical 
work  and  are  running  a  majority  of  the  stations  of  this 
character  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 


Catalogues  furnished  upon  application.     Address 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO., 

121     r\A!N    STREET,    SAN    FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


American  Girard  Water  Wheel. 


Adaptable  to  all  heads  between  30  feet  and 
2000  feet,  particularly  where  economy  in 
the  use  of  water  and  fine  regulation  are  de- 
sired, as,  for  instance,  the  operation  of  elec- 
tric dynamos. 


Girard  Water  Wheel  Co., 


34  MAIN  STREET, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.,   U.  S.  A. 


cascmTwateFwheeL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&C0.8pringfield,0hSo,U.8.A. 

Hendrie  &  Bolthoff  WgM 

DENVER.     COLORADO. 

LATEST  IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 

-       t  IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 

General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


DROP  FORGED  HINER'S  SPOON. 


Sample  t>y  /Vlall,  lOo. 


THIS  CUT 

ONE-HALF 

SIZE. 


manufactured     by     COLUMBUS    BOLT    WORKS,     Columbus,    Ohio. 


May  IS,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


0P£ 


C^  FOR  AIL  PURPOSES  S» 

Wi  f^l  f^o  pflTi\amWaVs  . 

TMTOttMl 

■*=  TRENTON,  N.Jv^r 
N.v.orriec 

rIT  BURLING  Sll 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

4  Hi  Montg r.v   strict.   Sun    Francisco. 

Gold    and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Offioe-. 

RICHEST  PRICES    PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AS!)   LEAD  HUES   AND  SI '  LI'H  URETS. 

Manufacturers  of. 

BLUESTONE,     LEAD    PIPE,    SHEET     LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANDARD     SHOT-GUN     CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlio  Patent. 

John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

/V\ine-  and   Mil!    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 
Chemical  Apparatus. 
B3  &  65  First  St.,  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 
,-v—*      We  would  call  the  attention  ^====^ 
if  of  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min- QjiyjSfe?/ 
t       luf  Companies,  Milling  Com-  W-T,RS£y 
£       panies.   Prospectors,  etc.,   to    X-ll^-^/ 
rr      our   full   stock  of   Balances, 
[I      Furnaces.  Muffles,  Crucibles, Scoriflers,  etc. 
2      Inclucliug,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 
j*         Having  been  engaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,   both   as    to    quality   and 
price. 
_^>      Agents  of  Ihe  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
lor   the    Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.    Also  for  K.  G.  Dennlston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.     The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable, 
and    full    weight    of   Silver    guaranteed.     Orders 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.    Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


Power, 
/lining,    Hilling, 
Smelting,   Concentration 
and  Leaching  Hachinery;  Re 
turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 
Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me 
chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines, 
Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried= 
ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines, 
Cornish  Pumps,   Roots  Blowers,  Copper 
Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,  Horseshoe 
Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers, 
Crushing    Rolls,   Stamp    Mills,    Shoes, 
Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional 
flachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 
Vanners,     Bridgman    Samplers, 
Concrete  Mixers,   Heavy  Ha 
chinery  and   Mine    Sup 
plies.  =  =  Write  for 
Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 
Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Alex.; 
527  17th  St.,  Denver,  Colo.;  Helena,  Montana;  , 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


•  MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  fiotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  Is  required 

♦ »  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦>♦ 
MIND     IA/ORKS:       34     and     3<5     main     Street,      San     Francisco,     Cal, 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


Established  1860. 


Reliance  Works. 


Crushers, 

Rolls, 

Stamps, 

Jigs, 

Concentrators, 

Screens, 


BRANCH    OFFICES: 

San  Francisco,  Cal .11  Main  Street. 

D.  E.  HANSON.  Manager. 

Ueuver,  Col 1316  Higrliteenth  street. 

W.  H.  EMANUEL.  Agent. 

New  York  City 26    Cortlandt  Street. 

F.  A.  LARKIN,  Manager. 

Chicago,  111 noil  Home  Ins.  Building. 

J.  B.  ALLAN,  Manager. 

Minneapolis,  Minn ...416  Corn  Kxeliango. 

J.  F.  HARRISON,  Manager. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


Hoists, 

Pumps, 

Fans, 

Compressors, 

Boilers, 

Etc.,  Etc. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND  SMELTING  HACHINERY. 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    MINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

■  — t   /\T   REDUCED    PRICES.  —■ 

plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 
replated   bought,  or  gold  separated.    THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED. 

San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 

^    iirrmTT"95^^  Incorporated.  ■<^KSSBxb»~-' 

w-  send  for  circulars.  68,  TO  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  QU. 


Justinian  Caire,^ 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ** 
Mining  Haterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OP 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH, 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


322  . 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18,  1896. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  May  16,  1895. 

An  agreement  has  been  arrived  at  with  the 
representatives  of  American  mines  in  London 
by  which  the  export  copper  from  the  United 
States  during  1895  will  be  restricted  to  a  cer- 
tain fixed  amount,  which  is  somewhat  below 
the  exports  of  1S94-.  At  a  meeting  in  that 
city  last  Wednesday  of  the  representatives  of 
the  American  copper  producers  it  was  decided 
to  restrict  the  shipments  to  60,000  tons  for  a 
year.  The  European  producers  agree  to  re- 
duce the  output  of  copper  seven  per  cent. 

The  British  are  to  coin  a  silver  dollar  for 
use  in.  Hong  Kong,  the  Straits  Settlements 
and  the  far  east  generally,  where  the  Mexican 
dollar  has  long  been  the  standard  coin. 

It  is  as  yet  undetermined  whether  the 
China  loan  will  be  negotiated  in  London  or 
Berlin.     Indications  favor  the  latter. 

Local  metal  markets  show  higher  quota- 
tions throughout. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 

JSJew  Yore,  May  16.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@12.00c. 

COPPER  —  Brokers',  10.25c;  exchange, 
10.50c. 

LEAD— Brokers',  $2.95;  exchange,  S3.20. 

TIN— Straits,  15.20@l5.25c. 

SPELTER— Domestic,  §3.45. 

New  York  Silver  Prices. 

New  York,  May  16. — Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week: 

, Silver  inr—. 

London.    N,  5^  Copper 

Friday 30^£       66^"     10  25 

Saturday m%  _    66% 

Monday 30%       67^ 

Tuesday 30-^        6676 

Wednesday 30%        667a 

Thursday 30J4       66^ 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Every  Tlvwrsday  from  Advertisements  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  Other  San  Francisco  Journals 

ASSESSMENTS. 
Levied,  Delinq't  and  Sxle.  Secretary. 


Company  and  Location. 

Alta  M  Co,  Nev 

Andes  S  M  Co,  Nev 

Cbollar  M  Co,  Nev 

H  P  Taylor  M  Co,  Cal 

Justice  M  Co,  Nev 

Mexican  GtSM  Co,  Nev.. 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 

Overman,  Nev 

Savage  M  Co,  Nevada 

Yellow  Jacket,  Nev 


JVo.  And. 
..49.... 10c. 
...41.  .-..150. 
..40';'...  250. 


.May  6,  Jun  11,  July  2 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

.May   1,  Jun     1,  Jun  17 J  W  Twiggs,  309  Montgomery 

May  14,  Jun  15,  July  11 C  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

.Apr  19,  May  31,  Jul   26 J  Henry  Smith,  431  California 

.59.  ...10c...  May   1,  Jun  11,  Jun  28 R  E  Kelly,  309  Montgomery 

.52. . .  .25o. . .  May  13,  Jun  17,  July  10 C  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

.65 25c April  4,  May   7,  May  27 E  B  Holmes,  50  Nevada  Block 

.73.  ...10c...  Apr    15,  May  21,  Jun  11 Geo  D  Edwards.  414  California 

.86 20c Apr   19,  May  22,  Jun  11 E  B  Holmes,  309  Montgomery 

.59. . .  .250. . .  .Apr    15,  May  21,  Jun  26 W  H  Blauvelt,  35  Mills  Building 


Company  and  Location 


MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

Crown  Point  G  &  S  M  Co.  Nev Jas  Newlands,  35  Mills  Building June  3 

Gold  Kidge  Con  M  &  M  Co ...EH  Daley,  216  Post May  20 

Seg  Bekher,  Nev June  4 


Leada  Belcher 

!-*'Best&  Belcher.. 


10  25 


10  25 


3  20 


3  20 


The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as- follows  : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities 7(ai8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 5 

New  York  Sight  Draft 2^0 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 5c 

London  Bankers'  60  days •. £4.87 

London  Merchants $4.85 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.88 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 67c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 54 

San  Praneisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 

ANTIMONY. 

Perlb —    @      10 

BORAS. 

Refined,  in  car  lots —    @       5^ 

Powdered,         "     —    @       5H 

Concentrated,  "      —    @       5' 

COPPER. 

Bolt X&5-16, 17c;  %  and  larger,  16o 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 18    (g>      — 

Ingot,  jobbing —    @      14 

Ingot,  wholesale 13    @     12 

Sheet  copper —    @     17 

TIN  PLATE. 
P»r  bx 525    @  6  00 

PIG  TIN. 

Per  lb 15    @    16  00 

IRON. 

American  Soft 14  00 

Pig,  per  ton 15  00 

STEEL. 

English,  lb 14 

LEAD. 

Pig —    @      3  90 

Bar _    @>     400 

Sheet —    @      5  25 

Pipe —    @     4  75 

SHOT. 

Drop,  sizes  smaller  than  B,  per  hag  of  25  lbs. .  .$1  20 

Drop,  B  and  larqer  sizes,  "  "     ...  145 

Buck,  Balls  and  Chilled,  do,      "  "...   145 

QUICKSILVER. 

Home  trade,  per  flask 37  00    ® 

COAL. 
SPOT  FROM  YARD — PER  TON. 

Wellington $  8  00 

Greta 7  75 

Nanaimo 6  50 

Gilman 6  00 

Seattle 6  25 

Coos  Bay 5  50 

Cannel 10  50 

Egg,  hard 12  50 

Wallsend 7  50 

Scotch  Splint *    7  50 

Brymbo 7  50 

West  Hartley 8  75 

TO  ARRIVE — PER  TON. 

Australian 5  85  @ 

Liverpool  Steam 7  00  @ - 

Scotch  Splint 6  50  @ 

Cardiff 6  50  @ 

Lehigh  Lump 15  00  @ 

Cumberland 1100  @ 

Egg.hard 12  00  @ 

West  Hartley 7  00  @ 

COKE, 
Gas  Companies" 


has  outgrown  the  capacity  of  the  Stock  Ex- 
change machinery  and  the  powers  of  en- 
durance of  the  members  and  their  clerical 
staffs,  notwithstanding  the  all-day  work  and 
the  frequent  all-night  work  in  the  offices  of 
the  leading  dealers." 

The  London  Standard  says:  "  Men  have 
gone  so  mad  about  'mines'  that  they  are 
actually  trying,  in  some  instances,  to  buy  the 
shares  of  companies  which  have  been  liqui- 
dated years  since." 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


MINES. 


Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated. 
Andes . 


@16  00 
®18  00 


16 


English,  to  load 9  00 

"         spot,  in  bulk 

"        in  sacks 

Cumberland 9  00 

LUMBER. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  — WHOLESALE. 

Redwood,  Fluming 17  00 

Pine 13  00 

Spruce 25  00 

NAILS. 

Wire 

Cut 

ZINC. 
Sheet 8: 


75c  ^  bbl 
"     10  00 

11  50 

12  50 


18  00 
30  00 


81  75 
1  55 


Mining  Share  Market. 

San  Francisco,  May  16.  1895. 

The  bears  set  the  pace  and  made  the  mar- 
ket during  the  week,  and  the  little  that  was 
done  was  at  low  figures.  The  stagnation  in 
the  stock  exchange  is  in  strange  contrast  to 
the  activity  elsewhere. 

The  London  Financial  News  says:  "The 
market  for  mining  shares  grows  stronger  and 
more  active  every  day,  and  the  business  that 
is  now  being  done  far  exceeds  anything  ever 
before  known  either  here  or  in  any  other 
stock  exchange.  As  fast  as  profits  are  taken 
in  one  stock  they  are  re-embarked  in  some 
other,  and  so  the  area  of  speculation  continues 
to  widen,  and  securities  long  neglected  come 
into  new  life  and   prominence.     The  business 


Bodie. 

Bullion 

Challenge 

Chollar 

Confidence 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia. 

Consolidated  New  York 

Crown  Point 

Exchequer 

Gould  &  Curry 

Hale  &  Norcross 

Justice 

Mexican 

Ophir 

Overman 

Potosi 


Sierra  Nevada. 

Union 

Utah 

Yellow  Jacket. 


*      06 


18 
66 
70 
1  10 
14 
34 


$      05 


1  00 
"25 


30 

1  20 


San   Francisco  Stock  Board  Sales. 


San  Francisco,  May  16,  1895. 

1 :30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

15  750  Mexican 65 

17 
.1  60 
.     17 


200  Andes 

50  Bodie 1  00  i  0  Occidental ... . 

100  Challenge 25  500  Ophir 

1 100  Chollar 25  300  Overman 

200 24  100  Potosi 

350  Crown  Point 45;  100  SB  &  M 

400ConOal-&  Va 2  «0!3"0  Sierra  Nevada.. 

100  G.  &  C 30  100  Union 

500  Hale  &  Norcross. .1  2o'400  Yellow  Jacket. . 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:30  P.  M. 


SOOAlpha 05 

100  Alta "' 

400  Andes 15 

400  Belcher 49 

3U0  Best  &  Belcher.. . .    59 

1000  Chollar 24 

350  Con  Cal  &  Va 2  80 

100  Confidence 1  10 

50  Gould  &  Curry 29 

1200  H&  N 1  15 

lOOKentuck 03 


250Mexioan 54 

100  Mono 12 

450  Ophir 1  60 

200  Overman 17 

100  Potosi 32 

600  Savage 16 


150  S.  B.  &  M. 

150  Sierra  Nevada.. 

300Union 

300  Yellow  Jacket. 


860  ACRES  OF  MINERAL  LAND 

FOR    SAUE. 

Lead,  Zinc,  Onyx  and  Marble.    Three  miles  from 

Mississippi  River  in  St.  Genevieve  County. 

PRICE,    82S.000. 

PHIL.  A.  HAFNER,  Benton,  Mo. 


Dividends  Wanted. 


Many  paying  properties  might  pay  more,  and 
others  just  paying  expenses  might  pay  dividends, 
if  properly  managed. 

If  in  need  of  a  thorough,  practical  manager,  of 
large  experience  and  well  recommended,  address 

BOX  L,  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOB  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.-426  California  Street, 

SAN  FRANCISCO. 


F^OR     SALE. 

One  20 -Stamp  Wet  Crushing  Silver  Mill, 

Boss  Process  of  Pan  Amalgamation,  850-pound 
Stamps,  complete  with  power,  90  miles  from 
Tucson,  Arizona  Ty.    Address 

e.  w.  BOWERS, 

Tucson,  A.  T. 


Carlisle  Gold   Mining:  District. 

I  have  six  quartz  claims  ou  two  parallel  leads, 
4500x1300.  for  sale  upon  reasonable  terms.  Large 
ledge;  ore  goes  $10  per  ton.  Will  sell  for  cash  or 
on  a  milliDg  proposition.  Location,  Clifton,  Ari- 
zona, close  to  Carlisle  District.  Send  for  synop- 
tical repurt. 

J.     F\    GROSETT, 

628    Sacraniunto  St San,  Francisco. 


Assessment  Notices. 


OVERMAN  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.-Loca- 
tion  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Location  of  works,  Gold  Hill,  Storey 
county,  Nevada. 

Notice  ia  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  15th  day  of  April. 
1895,  an  assessment,  No.  73,  of  ten  cents  (10c.)  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  Capital  Stock  of  the  Cor- 
poration, payable  Immediately  in  United  States  Gold 
Coin  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  Company, 
No.  414  California  street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon,  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on'  the  21st  day  of  May,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  11th  day  of  Junt- ,  18H5,  to  pay 
the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costB  of 
advertising  and  expenses  of  sale.  By  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  D.  EDWARDS.  Secretary. 

Office — No.  414  California  street.  San  Francisco, 
California. 


H.  P.  TAYLOR  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  Of 
principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Location  of  works.  Liberty  Mining  District, 
Siskiyou  county,  California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  hellion  the  nineteenth  day  of 
April,  1S95,  an  assessment  of  Four  <4c)  cents  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany. 39  Merchaute'  Exchange,  431  California  street. 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main  unpaid  on  the  thirty-first  dav  of  May,  1895, 
will  be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at' public 
auction;  and  unless  paymeut  is  made  before  will  be 
sold  on  FRIDAY,  the  twenty-sixth  day  of  July,  1895, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
cOBts  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 
By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  HENRY  SMITH,  Secretary- 
Office:     39    Merchants'    Exchange,  431  California 
St.,  San  Francisco. 


ALTA  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works.  Gola  Hill,  Gold  Hill 
Mining  District.  Storey  County,  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  Gih  day  of  May, 
1895,  an  assessment  (No.  49)  of  10  cents  per  share 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at.  the  office  of  the  company, 
Room  No.  38,  Nevada  Block.  No.  309  Montgomery 
Btreet,  San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  thia  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  lltb  day  of  June,  1895,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  puolic  auc- 
tion, and  unleas  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  2d  day  of  July.  1895.  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  E.  JACOBUS,  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  No.  33.  Nevada  BIock,  No.  309  Mont- 
gomery Street,  San  Francisco.  California. 


ANDES  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business.  Sau  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; location  of  works.  Virginia  City.  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  first  (1st)  day  of  May, 
1895Jan  assessment  (No.  41)  of  Fifteen  (15e)  Cents 
per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany, Rooms  2U-22  Nevada  Block.  3U9  Montgomery 
stieet.  San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  first  (1st)  day  of  June.  1895.  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction,  and,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  M  NDAY,  the  seventeenth  (l?th)  day  of 
June.  1895,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
sale.    By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

JOHN  W.  TWIGGS,  Secretarv. 

Office — Rooms  20-22  Nevada  Block.  San  Francisco 
California. 


ANNUAL  MEETING. 

The  Regular  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Stockholders 
of  the  Gold  Ridge  Consolidated  Mining  aod  Mill- 
ing Company  will  be  held  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany, No.  316  Post  street,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia, on  Monday,  the  20th  day  of  May,  1895,  at  the 
hour  af  3  p.  m.,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  a  Board 
of  Directors  to  serve  for  the  enduing  year,  and  the 
transaction  of  such  business  as  may  come  before 
the  meeting. 

Transfer  books  will  close  on  Friday,  May  17,  at 
1  o'clock  P.  M.     RICHARD  PHELAN ,  President. 
R.  H.  DALEY,  Secretary. 

Office,  216  Post  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cai. 


Albert  Maltman, 

Practical  Metallurgist 

and  Engineer. 


Samuel  C.  Thompson  - 
A.  B.  Yale  University. 
E.   M.   Columbia  Uni- 
versity. 

Maltman  &  Thompson, 

MINING  ENGINEERS  AND  METALLURGISTS, 

Owners  or  Nevada  County  Reduction  Works, 
Address:  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  County,  California. 

Insrect  and  report  upon  Mineral  Properties, 
Treat  Refractory  Gold  Ores  and  Concentrates  by 
Chlorination.  Furnish  Plans  for  and  Superintend 
Erection  of  Chlorination  Plants,  General  Analyses 
of  Ores. 

References: 

j  Timothy  Dwight,  President  Yale  University,  New 
Haven,  Coon. 
Henry  S.  Muoroe,  Professor,   School  of  Mines,  Co- 
lumbia University,  New  York  City. 

I  Joseph  S.Harrs,  President  Phila.  &  Heading  R.  R. 

i         Co.,  Trustee  Penn.  University.  Phila.,  Pa. 

|  Edward  M.  Preston,  President  Citizens'  Bank  of 

I         Nevada  City,  California. 


Professional  Cards. 


A.    H.    RICKETTS,    Attorney-at-Law, 

Mining  Patents  and  matters  b-fore 

the  Land  Department  a  Specialty. 

>  Crocker  Building,  Rooms  301,  202  and  303, 

Sah  Francisco. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

W.  N.  JEHU,    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  Ogdexi. 

\  628   Montgomery  Street,   San   Francisco. 

Rooms  46  and  47  Montgomery  Block. 

'  Ore  Assays,  Analyses  of  Minerals,  Metals  ' 
and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IN  ASSAYING. 


I  School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical, \ 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering:. 
i  Surveying.  Architecture.  Drawing  and  AaBaying. ' 
)  723  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

>  OPEN  ALL  YEAH. 

>  A.  VAN  DER  NAILLEN.  President. 
j  Assaying  of  Ores.  $25;  Bullion  and  Chlorination  ) 

>  Assay.  ¥25:  Blowpipe  Assay.  $1U.    Full  Course  ; 
_of  Assaying.  S50.    Established  1SK4. 

~"  Send  for  Circular. 


P)HN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 
imination,  Surveys,  and  Reports  upon  ] 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 
5    Development  of  water  for  mining  and  domes-  , 
(  tic    use,    irrigation,     and    the     production    of  , 
(  power.    General  Surveying  of  all  Kinds,  and  , 
t  plans  prepared.    Construction  work  superiu- 
c  tended.    Correspondence  solicited. 
<  Res 923  Linden  St.,  Oakland,  Cal. 


ED\A//\RD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 

Testa  and  Estimates  for  th."  lmpi  ovement  of  ( 
Pumping.  Power  and  Hydraulic  Plantn.  1 

Will  supervise  the  Construction.  Shipment  ( 
.  or  Erection  of  Machinery.  Will  make  Draw- J 
(  lnga,  Esiimatea  or  Specifications.  > 

(  Prices  obtained  for  imiehiuery  of  every  de-  } 
'  script  iun.    Twenty  year's  experience. 

33  Davis  s>t..  Rooms  30  &  31.  S.  I\,  Cal. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist  and   Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 

Will  examine    Mines,  Ore    Bodies.    Mineral 

(  Bella  or  Zones,   and  make  written  Mlneralist 

I  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 

,  plication  for  Strvieea.     I  make  my  own  assays 

and  select  my  own  sampli-a    when    examlng 

nines.    Eighteen  years'  experience.    Analysis 

f  water  and  boIIs. 


CHAS.  S.  HARKER,  E.  M., 

Aitorney-at-Law  and  Mining  Engineer. 
[     Makes  a  specialty  of  Mining  Law.    PatentB  ob- 
'  tatned     on     mineral     and     agricultural    lands. 
[  Investments  and  reports  made. 

.Full    charge    t;iken  of  properly    for    absent  t 
»  owners. 

Offices:   IB  &  17  No.  20  Montgomery  St., 

SAX  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Mining  Operator, 


ROOM  5«,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 

i  Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts..  Sau  Francisco,  i 

Will  act  aB  AGENT  for  the  Investment  of  J 
(CAPITAL  in  RELIABLE  Mining  Enterpr,sea. 
*  also  will  give   a'tention  to  the  sale  of,  and  re- 
'  porting   on   RELIABLE   Mining  Properties,  or  \ 
'■  the  procuring  of    suitable  Machinery  for  Tn- 
■  terest  in  Developed  Mines. 


'■  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works,  \ 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  Sau  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES     WORKED     BY     ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

.  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS     BRANCHES. 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 

WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)    MADE.  ■ 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished  i 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working  t 
ores. 
'  SPECIAL    ATTENTION    paid    to  examina- 
tions   of    mines ;    plans    and    reports    fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


\  Everette's  Mining  Office. ! 

'  (Pioneer  Miniug  Geologist's  Office  of  ( 

the  Pacific  Northwest.)  ' 

MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS,  j 
,  METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

I      -'  ANALYSIS. 

I  "Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney  at  J 
t  Law."  i 

}      Will  examine  and  report  upon  "  Title  and  j 

,  Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper,  , 

,  Coal,  Iron,   Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  , 

,  IN    ANY    PART    OF    THE    WORLD.     Any  J 

,  information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know,  , 

(  relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources  , 

,  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will   be  hon- 

,  estly  given. 

i  Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

'  1141  R.  R.  Ave. 

',        Tacoma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


May    L8    1»95. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


323 


List  of   U.  S.    Patents   for    Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 


>i    hy    Dewey   A:   <u..   Pioneer 
Solicitors  for  Pacific  Count, 


H  HI    W  BEK    (ENDING     M  \  V 


■ 


PARS     Im  vi  m  IONS     -  .1-     A.     Arild 
-    1 

,  NDBH— H     A    B  lOd,  ('ill. 

Lawn    Sprinkled    .i.    Byler,    Los    An- 
sales,  *  ";ti 

Gravity    Vai.ve— Cavnl'uro    &    Sturm, 
ie,  ( !al. 
I  HIIKM  Motoh— J.    w     ' 
Wash 

l>    oil  OPI  m  k— L    Huiiii.  S    F. 
6W.K11  —  S.UKT\   VAlA'K— T    W    II 

ruriK-nJ.     I 
.   -  -i a     Road     Cakt— G.     .i      Overshlner,     San 
i'..    o,  I'm. 

■   III  SHI  R— A.  H.  S  9    P 

-Stbau  Boilkr— E.  bbydeoker,  S.  t 

El  1  -.'  ■ )  Rl  11,1  SIS    -  >i      Stic)  l.i 

■    Sacramenic  ■ 
•Plow— 0.  u  Williams,  s  \\ 
Nom.— Copies  a     I     3  him  tur- 

.  ,\.  Co  In  the  Bborteet  time  possible 
■>■.  mail   .         i  ic  order).     American  and  ffor- 

patenl   business 
Ac  Coast  Inventors  transacted  with  perfect 
security,  at  reasonable  rates,  and  In  the  shortest 
possible  Unit*. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 

..'-■  the  patents  recently  obtained 
through  Dewey  .v  Co-'s  S<  ientific  Pkess 
U.  S.  unci  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  <>r  special  mention: 

Rock-Crcshixg  ind  Grinding  Apparatus. 
J.  H.  Kinkead,  Virginia  City,  Ney.  No. 
533,623  Dated  April  30,  L895.  This  invention 
relates  to  improvements  in  rock-crushing  and 
grinding  npparatns.  it  consists  of  a  pan  hav- 
ingacoiik.il  bottom  declining  outwardly  from 
the  center,  sides  extending  upwardly  at  right 
angles  with  the  bottom,  .a  patf-shaped  una  lor 
having  a  conical  bottom  and  diverging  sides, 
said  bottom  having  n  concavity  slightly  less  in 
depth  than  the  coi  i  •  sp  mdin  j  convexity  of  the 
bottom  of  the  pan,  the  muller  being  entirely 
men  on  its  top  wherehy  its  sides  and  bottom 
form  a  deep  receiving  chamber  into  which  the 
ore  to  be  crushed  is  delivered,  said  bottom 
provided  with  openings  winch  arc  covered 
when  the  bottom  of  the  muller  forms  close 
contact  with  the  corresponding  grinding  face 
Of  the  pan,  and  opened  or  exposed  when  the 
muller  lifts  away  from  said  grinding  face, 
whereby  the  ore  is  automatically  fed  through 
the  openings  .hiring  the  gyrations  of  the 
muller,  and  is  delivered  directly  to  and 
crushed  between  the  bottom  surfaces  of  the 
pan  and  muller.  A  driving  shaft  extends  up- 
wardly through  the  center  uf  the  muller  and 
has  a  crank  connecting  loosely  with,  it  so  as  to 
gyrate  the  muller  about  upon  the  bottom  of 
the  pun,  and  screen  openings  are  fixed  around 
the  sides  above  the  edge  of  the  pan  for  the 
discharge  of  the  material  when  sufficiently 
crushed. 

Fas   Attachment   for  Rooking  Chairs.— 

Joel  Weigel,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  No.  538,56(5. 
Dated  April  30,  1S95.  This  invention  relates 
to  that  class  of  fan  attachments  for  rocking 
chairs,  in  which  the  movement  of  the  chair  is 
imparted  to  a  vertical  shaft,  bv  the  rotary 
motion  of  which  the  fan  or  fans  are  operated*. 
The  object  of  the  invention  is  to  simplify  the 
construction  of  this  clas  of  devices,  and  render 
their  operation  noiseless  and  generally  more 
positive  and  efficient,  The  device  consists  of 
a  shaft  having  a  spiral  end,  a  non-metallic 
nut  through  which  said  end  passes  wherebv 
the  engagement  of  the  spiral  shaft  and  nut  is 
a  noiseless  one,  a  housing  for  the  nut  having 
an  opening  through  it  of  greater  diameter 
than  the  diameter  of  the  shaft,  whereby 
a  rocking  movement  is  permitted  the  shaft  in 
addition  to  its  axial  movement,  and  a  means 
tor  connecting  the  shaft  with  the  back  of  the 
chair. 

Apparatus  for  SnowiNG  Compass  Devia- 
tion.— 1.  A.  Arvidson,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
No.  538,889".  Dated  May  7,  1895.  This  inven- 
tion relates  to  an  apparatus  which  is  designed 
bo  show  the  deviation  of  magnetic  compasses 
and  is  especially  applicable  for  the  adjust- 
ment of  such  deviation  so  that,  the  courses 
sailed  by  the  ship  can  be  accurately  deter- 
mined at  all  times  when  heavenly  bodies  are. 
visible.  It  consists  of  a  time  circle  journaled 
in  standards  which  are  supported  and  turn- 
able,  in  conjunction  with  the  compass  sus- 
pending mechanism  whereby  the  compass 
card  is  maintained  in  an  essentially  horizontal 
position;  a  latitude  and  declination  circle 
fixed  to  the  lower  side  of  the  ring  at  right 
angles  with  its  journals,  with  an  index  and 
clamp  for  adjusting  and  holding  it;  a  disk 
rotatable  within  the  time  ring  having  an 
opening  made  transversely  across  it ;  an  ob- 
servation tube  journaled  in  the  opening  in  the 
rotatable  disk  so  as  to  turn  transversely 
thereto,  and  an  index  point  on  the  plane  of 
movement  of  the  observation  tube  adapted  to 
coincide  with  the  apparent  time  when  the  ob- 
servation is  taken. 

Ore  Crusher.— August  H.  Schierholz,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  assignor  to  the  Risdou  Iron 
and  Locomotive  Works.  No.  538,884.  Dated 
May  7,  1895.  The  object  of  this  invention  is 
to  provide  a  means  intermediate  between  the 
driving  gear  upon  the  fixed  vertical  shaft  of 
an  ore  crusher  aud  the  table  or  carrier  upon 
which  the  horizontal  roller  shafts  are  jour- 
naled, by  which  means  the  rollers  are  caused 
to  travel  upon  the  dies,  this  intermediate 
connection  being  of  such  a  nature  that  it  will 
compensate  for  all  irregularities  of  movement 
and  vertical  rise  and  fall  of  the  rollers  as  they 
pass  over  the  material  to  be  crushed  without 
in  any  way  conveying  these  motions  to  the 
driving  mechanism.  It  consists  of  an  an- 
■  nular  pan  with  peripheral  dies,  rollers  adapted 
to  travel  up,_>u  sakl  dies  to  crush  the  material" 


i,  a  vertical  central    fixed    shaft 

with  a  gear-wheel  loosely  turnable   upon   the 
upper  pori  ion  above  the  pun,  u  horizontal  shaft 

and  pinion  whereby  said  j>  a"  about 

i  raj  shaft,  vert  leal  pins   fixed   to   the 

huh  of  the  gear  or  extent     i     then  of,  hails 

through  which  the  pins  are  siidahle  and  heini 

sph.-ricai  boxes  fixed  to  the  central  horizontal 
that  the  pins  aot  to  rotate   the  table 

■  .i'      bad  I   and  prevent    COUtaCl 

the   two.      In    conjunction    with    this 

are    ournal-boxea   lived   to  the   table  within 

which  the  horizontal   shafts  of  the  crushing 

are  journaled.    The  connection  of  the 

pins  and  driving  imvhauisiii    is  self-adjUSting, 

.  he  wear  ol  i  he  shoe  i  and 

dies, 

Gravity  Valyk  and  v.mi  i  m  Relief.  F- 
Cavallaro  and  J.  N.  Sturm,  San  .lose,  Cal. 
No.  588,89%  Dated  May  7,  1895,  The  object 
of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a  convenient 
and  ready  means  for  the  delivery  of  any  de- 
sired   quantity  of  water  from  a  stationary 

lank  to  a  watering  cart  or  oilier  receptacle. 
■  the  valve  perfectly  when  the  recep- 
tacle IS  filled  and  to  allow  I  he  water  remain- 
ing in  the  discharge  pipe  beyond  the  valve  to 
escape  freely  and  rapidly,  and  to  allow  the 
valve  to  he  easily  removed  or  replaced  with- 
out emptying  the  tank.  It  consists  of  a 
valve  seat  with  a  discharge  pipe  leading 
therefrom;  a  conical  valve  fitting  said  seat;  a 
tube   extending  up  through   the   valve   to  a 


point  above  the   tank   to  admit   air  u 
space  below  the  valve  when   the  latter  lias 
been  oli                                                    water 
r  allows  the  water  rema 
■  '  ■  ■      ■            ■              rapii 
valve  seal  La  bitted  with  .i  flange  so  as  to  be 
■■  the  -  de  or  hot  torn  ol    the  ti 

vivc    the 

corresponding  threaded  end  of  the  discharge 
pipe,  thus  allowing  the  latter  to  be  easily  re- 
moved and  replaced.  The  tube  extending 
down  through  the  valve  and  reaching  to  a 
point  above  the  top  of  the  tank  is  suspended 
hj  a  hook  or  other  means  from  a  lever  arm  so 
that  by  pulling  the  cord  upon  the  opposite 
end  the  valve  may  be  opened,  and  by  releas- 
ing the  cord  the  valve  may  be  closed.  The 
valve  has  slides  adapted  to  move  on  suitable 
vertical  guides  to  keep  It  in  place,  and  it  maj 
be  easily  raised  entirely  out  of  the  tank,  if  it 
is  desirable  to  do  so  for  any  purpose. 


WANTED— A   PARTNER 

For  the  manufacture  i>f  the 

Merralls  Hydraulic  Quartz  Mill, 

Simplest,  oheapesi  and  best  Ore  Mill  ever  In- 
vented- Will  do  more  work  than  slumps  Saves 
more  gold  with  less  power  Wear  and  tear  re- 
duced to  a  minimum.  Call  or  address  M.  A. 
MERRALLS.  Room  15,  Third  Floor,  Mills  Build- 
ing, San  Francisco,  Cal, 


TELEPHONES! 


CONSTRUCTION 

MINING 

MACHINERY. 

WIRE,  ETC. 

CALIFORNIA 
ELECTRICAL   1 
WORKS, 

35  MARKET  STREET, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Long 
Distance 

TELEPHONES 

AND 

SUPPLIES. 


GLA55    Dl  Lw  CUPS 


WHY  do  most  people  use  i  Uc  ' ■  LTJTIEENHEIMER  "  Goods 
and  continue  to  use  ihem?  Because,  they  have  used  and 
tested  them;  they  have  always  given  satisfaction,  and  are 
never  misrepresented.     Such  being  die  case,   do  you  blame 

them?    "LUHKEHHEIMER'S  "     " Crown "  Index  Glass 

Oil  Cup  With  Sight  Feed,  is  considered  by  all  users  to 
Le  the  best  of  its  kind  made.  Its  superior  advantages  are 
so  many,  lack  of  spare  will  not  admit  of  their  being  mentioned. 
An  impartial  test  however,  will  convince.  Try  them  and  see. 
Thousands  of  satisfied  users.  We  also  make  the  "Pioneer," 
"Victor,"  "Royal,"  "Yankee,"  "  Ajax."  "Rival,"  and 
"Ruby."  All  fir=t-class  and  warranted.  Specify  and  insist 
upon  the  "LTJNKENHEIMER  "  make,  and  you  will  get  the 
best.  All  goods  bear  our  name,  none  genuine  without.  Cata- 
logue gratis  upon  request. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


UNION   IRON  WORKS, 

SACKAMKNTO CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<^ 

— Manufacturers  of— 

STEAH   ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  aft  kinds  of 
-f    -f    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills.  Saw  Mills  and  Qnartz  Mills;  Machin- 
ery Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 

FRONT   STREET,  Bet.  IN  <«:  O., 

SACRAMENTO.  CAL. 

LEE    D.    CRAIG, 

Kotary  Public  and  Commissioner  of  Deeds, 

:'.  Hi  3IO.NTGU.HKKV  STRKET, 
Bel.  Californfa  aud  Pine.  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CaL 


The  Explorers'  and  Assayers' 
Companion. 

A   Third   Edition  of   Selected   Portions    of   the 
"  Explorers',  Miners'  and  Metal- 
lurgists' Companion.*' 

By  J.  S.  PHILLIPS.  M.  E. 
A  practical  exposition  of  the  various  departments 
of  Geology,  Exploration,  Mining-,  Engineering,  Aa- 
i  saying  and  Metallurgy. 

j      The' work  Is  divided  into  four  parts— Rocks. Veins. 
I  Testing  and  Assaying.    The  geological  chapters  are 

|  intended    to    give    miners   ;i   practical    idea   of   the 

J  various  formations.   The  chapters  on  mineral  veins 

i  are  derived  from  long  observation,  and   the  section 

!  on  exploration  has  been  carefully  considered.    All 

]  that  relates  to  discrimination  and  assay  lias  been 

;  kept  as- free  from  formula;  as  possible.    The. work 

I  is  written  for  practical    men,   and    all    the   explantt- 

!  tlous  anil  inscriptions  are  clear  and  to  the  point.     It 

i  is  so  prepared  thai  It  Is  useful  to  uneducated  men 

as  well  as  scientists. 

.  Price  ?«. DO  postpaid.    Sold  by  THE  MINING  AND 

1  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  ?:JU  Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


ROR     SALE. 
ONE    PUMPING     PLANT. 

■   e  Pump;  two  Cornish  Pumps, 

.   lie   I  'mi   ;     --■     I      .  ■        I. 

i :  '  converse  Iddress 

E.    VV.   BOWERS, 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 
Constantly  on  hand,  a  full  assortment  ol  Afanll 

Rope,   Sisal    Uopc.    Duplex     I  .    Manll 

Elope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  elo.    Oi-Extr 
sizes  au'i  lengths  made  to  order  ou  short  uotic 

611    t*iwl   H13    FRONT  ST..  Sun   PruncUco.  C»1 


Rooks  on  Assaying. 

By  ('.  IF.  AABOK 
Part  I.— GOLD  AND  SILVER  ORES. 


f  E     ONO   EOlTtON— PfilCE   SI. 


This  u  "i-k  Is  written  by  an  experienced  metallur- 
gist wiiu  has  devoted  many  years  to  unsaying  and 
working  precious  ores  on  the  Pacific  Bide  ol  the 
American  Continent.  He  writes  wberot  lie  knows 
from  personal  practice,  aud  In  such  plain  and  com- 
prehensive terms  that  neither  the  scientist  or  the 
practical  miner  can  mistake  hi*  meaning. 

The   work,    like   Mr.  Aaron's  former   publications 

("Testing  and  Working  Silver  Ores."  "Leac -■ 

Gold  and  silver  Ores")  that  have  been  'siurc^inih 

popular."   is  writte a  condensed   rorm,   which 

re rs  his  information  more  readily  available  than 

thai  of  more  wordy  and  less  conscientious  writers. 

Tin-  want  i,(  such  a  work  has  long  been  fell,     it  will 

be  very  desirable  In  the  handa  of  many. 

Table  uj  Cnntmta^- Preface;  Introduction;  Imple- 
ments; Assay  Balance;  Materials;  The  Assay  Office; 
Preparation  of  the  i  ire;  Weighing  the  Charge:  Mix- 
lug  and  Charging;  ASBay  Litharge;  systems  ..f  the 
Crucible  Assay:  Preliminary  Assay;  Dressing  the 
Crtielhlr  Assays;  Examples  of  Dressing:  The  Melt- 
ing In  Crucibles;  Scorlficatlon;  Cupellailon:  Welgh- 
IngtheBead:  Parting;  Calculating  the  Assay;  Assay 
of  Ore  Containing  Coarse  Metal:  Assay  of  Roasted 
ore   for  Solubility;   To  Assay   a   Cupel:    Assaj     bj 

Amalgamation;  To  Find  the  ValueofaSpec u; 

Tests  forOres;  A  few  Special  Minerals:  Solubility 
ei  Metals;  Substitutes  and  Expedients;  Assay 
Tables. 

The  volume  embraces  130  tS-mo  pages,  with  illus- 
trations, well  bound  1n  Cloth;  1889.  Price  Sl.OO 
postpaid.     Sold   by   the   Mining   and    Scientific 

l'res.s,  a20  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


Paris  II  arid  III.— Gold  and  Silver 
Bullion,  Lead,  Copper,  Tin,  Etc. 


SECOND     EDITION— PRICE     $1.75. 


This  book  is  entitled  '■Assaying— Parts  II  and  III." 
aud  is  separate  from  pan  I,  and  treats  ol  Gold  and 
Silver  Bullion,  Lead.  Copper.  Tin.  Mercury,  Zinc, 
NIekle,  Cobalt,  ete. 

Tuhle  of  Contents:— Gold  and  Silver  Bullion:  Appa- 
tus;  Melting  Bullion:  Assavimr  Bullion:  Hi. inn.  As 
say  of  Silver;  Gay  Lussaes  Method;  Volliarfs 
Method;  Manipulation;  Lead  Ores;  Copper  Ores; 
Tin  Ores:  Mercury  Ores:  Zinc  Ores;  Nlckle  and  Co- 
balt; Chromium ;  Bismuth;  Arsenic;  Antimony: 
Sulphur;  Salt:  Note. 

One- of  the  methods  given  for  the  Assay  of  Copper 
is  new.  original  and  exact,  as  Is  also  one  of  the 
1    processes  for  Zinc. 

The  book  contains  mi  pages  with  illustrations, 
and  is  strongly  bound  in  clolli.  Much  of  the  original 
texi  is  replaced  by  new  matter. 
I     Price,  postpaid,  ST. 75.     Sold  by  the  Mining  and 
!  Scientific  Press,  220  Market  St..  San  Francisco. 


Books    on   Working  Ores. 

BV  GUIDO  KUSTEL.  M.  E. 

-Roasting  of  Gold  asd  Silvkh  ouks  (Second  edi- 
tion)   and     the     Extraction    of    their    Respective 

Metals  without  Quicksilver.    By  Grind  Kustel. 
m.  E. 

Tills  rare  book  on  the  treatment  of  gold  and  silver 
ere    without    quicksilver    is     liberally     illustrated 

arid  crammed  full  of  facts,  it  gives  short  and  con- 
cise descriptions  of  various  processes  and  appara- 
tus  employed  In  this  country  and  In  Europe  and  the 
why  and  wherefore.  It  contains  lat;  pages,  embrac- 
ing illustrations  of  furnaces,  su  pid  emeu  is  and  work- 
ing apparatus.  It  is  a  work  of  great  merit,  by  ap 
author  whose  reputation  is  unsurpassed  in  his 
specialty.  Price.  $3,  postpaid.  For  sale  by  THE 
MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220  Markci  Si., 
San  Francisco. 

BY  C.  H.  AARON. 

Aakon's  Leaching  Gold  and  silver  Oiies.  the 
most  complete  hand-book  on  the  subject  extant; 
iii-i  pages,  octavo.  Illustrated  by  twelve  lithographic 
engravings  and  four  wood  cuts.  Fully  indexed. 
Plainly  written  for  practical  men.  In  cloth,  pa.  Sold 
by  THE  MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS.  220 
Market  St.,  San  Francisco. 


♦  THE  ♦ 

Ore  Deposits  of  the 
United  States. 

By  J.  F.  KEMP,A.B.,E,M.f  Professor  of  Geology, 
School  of  Mines,  Columbia  College. 


Second  Edition,  Revised  and  Enlarged,  New 
Illustrations. 

A  practical  review  of  the  ore  deposits  of  this 
country.  A  valuable  additiou  to  up-to-date  mining 
literature,  of  value  to  the  Pacific  coast,  dent 
postpaid  upon  receipt  of  price,  $4.00.    Address 

Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 

330  Market  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cal. 


iJSS.TE"s'r"B  f  WELL  K)ACHINERYw«ta. 

Alt  Jiiu  ■  i  ■■  of  tools.  Fori  line  for  ihedriller  by  using  our 
Adamnntlno  process;  can  take  acore.  Perfected  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Pumplntr  Riirs  to  wort  bv  Steam,  Air,  etc. 
Let  us  help  you.  TtlE  AMERICAN  WELL  WORKS, 
Aarorn,    111)    ChlcMro,  IH.i    Dallas,  Tex.   


324 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  18    1895. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address:     "RISDON'S"     San     Francisco. 

-^ssss^TlANUFACTURERS     0FN-=az^> 

Johnston^  Bry^^iV^ls, 

MINIM^MI^^  and  HOISMgIpU^ 


HUNTINGTON 

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER 

Quartz  Mill. 


#> 


W^l 


ccM 


AND 


OFFICE  and 
BRANCH  WORKS: 


213  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


niNING 
MILLING  MACHINERY. 


TUSTIN'S  PULVERIZER, 

WORKS  ORE 

Wet  or  Dry 


» 


s. 


MAIN  WORKS: 
Harbor  View,  San  Francisco. 


Uinioin   Iron  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST     AND     MISSION     STREETS, 

V  mflNUFflCTURERS       OF- 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  /Wills, 

rtVanty  Chili  ./Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Dodd  SIgmoidal  U/ater  Wheel, 

PUMPS-Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead   Eurnaces,        /\11  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^azs^>SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^ss^ 

NEW  IOKK  OFFICE:     [4S   QROrtD\A/«"V.  CABLE  ADDRESS:     "UNION." 

MPROVED    CRAWFORD    MILL 

The  Cheapest  and  Best  Mill  for  extracting  gold  from  comparatively  free  milling  ores. 
Requires  one-third  the  water,  and  three-fourths  the  power  of  stamps.  Costs  less,  is  operated 
cheaper,  and  wiil  save  20  to  40  per  cent  more  gold.  Average  saving  85  per  ce~t.  Inexpensive 
foundation.  No  plates  or  screens.  Wear  and  tear  guaranteed  not  to  exceed  thirty  cents  per 
ton.      Capacity   ten    tons.     Full   particulars, 

MECHANICAL  GOLD  EXTRACTOR  COMPANY, 

47     BROADWAY,     INE\A/     YORK.  %\ 


% 


******  "THE     PRICES  ****%v 


Ingersoll-Sargcant «  Drills  and  Compressors 

HAVE    BEEN     REDUCED. 

^    i.iTffffP^?*-  SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE  AND  ESTIMATE  TO  -gSEsm*- _ — - 

PARKE  &   LACY  CO.,   Sole  Agents  for  the  Pacific  Coast, 

;21    and    ;23     Fremont    Street,    San    Francisco,    Cal. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLUME    I. XX. 

N.i  ml.,  i     :i 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  MAY  25,  1895. 


I  1 1  l; l  l     DOUAlis   I'lil;   ANNUM. 
Single  Coplen,  Ten  Cents. 


An    Obvious     Distinction. 


The  London  Mining  Journal  of  the  4th,  in  an  effort 
at  editorial  rejoinder  to  a  recent  paragraph  in  this 
paper  about  the  "Kaffir  circus,"  completely  misses 
the  point.  It  would  be  an  insult  to  the  intelligence 
of  that  journal  to  assume  that  it  failed  to  note  that 
this  paper's  objections  were  not  against  any  promul- 
gation of  South  Africa's  gold  wealth.  Hence  it  is 
fair  to  infer  that  the  Mining  Journal  ignored  the  di- 
rect point  made,  which  was  that  it  was  with  sur- 
prise was  seen  editorial  endorsement  of  speculative 
and  meretricious  mining  schemes  of  questionable 
origin.  Of  course,  if  the  Mining  Journal  wants  to 
editorially  endorse  such  schemes  it  has  the  right, 
but  it  cannot  expect  to  do  so  and  continue  to  possess 
the  confidence  or  respect  of  its  readers.  It  says: 
"  We  have  exerted  ourselves  not  a  little  on  behalf  of 
California,"  which  certainly  does  go  a  good  ways 
toward  mollifying  censure.  Let  us 
hope  it  will  be  as  sternly  censorious 
and  rigidly  correct  in  viewing  Randt 
propositions  as  it  is  in  other  parts  of 
the  world. 

The  Journal  cannot  arouse  any  jeal- 
ousy in  California  by  laudations  of 
South  Africa,  for  there  can  be  no 
rivalry;  but  the  Journal  well  knows 
that  honest  accounts  of  mining  opera- 
tions are  quite  different  from  state- 
ments of  particular  properties  that 
tend  to  create  false  ideas  of  value, 
and  it  knows  equally  as  well  that  that 
is  what  elicited  our  reproof. 


I  ranged  as  to  hold  the  stock  down 
!  close  to  the  cutter-head,  irre- 
spective of  the  thickness  of  cut. 
Adjustment  for  different  thick- 
nesses of  stock  up  to  ten  inches, 
is  made  by  turning  a  single  hand- 
wheel,  each  turn  giving  just  rV 
inch  variation.  A  scale  shows  at 
all  times  the  thickness  to  which 
the  machine  is  set. 


Three-Stamp  Prospecting 
hill-. 

The  three-stamp  mill  herewith 
illustrated  is  a  handy  one  for 
prospecting  and  where  a  larger 
and  more  pretentious  plant  can- 
not  be   readily   secured.       It  is 


The  illustration  below  is  of  a  26-iucb 
feed  planer,  made  by  P.  Pryibil,  which 
will  plane  ten  inches  thick.  The  feed 
is  double,  being  effected  by  four  live 
rolls,  which  are  capable  of  carrying  a 
4-inch  cut.  The  back  rolls  have  self- 
adjusting  scrapers,  and  all  are  pro- 
vided with  covers  which,  together  with 
the  shaving-guard,  can  be  swung  out  of 
the  way  to  give  access  to  the  knives, 
,nd  to  enable  them  to  be  whetted  while 

place. 

Two  pressure-bars,  the  front  one 
inged     and    weighted,     are    so     ar- 


GOL'LD'S     HORIZONTAL    TRIPLEX     hLLL'I  RIU    MINE    PUMP. 

A  New   Electric    Mine    Pump. 


HANDY    THREE-STAMP    PROSPECTING    MILL. 


built  by  the  Fulton  Engineering  and 
Ship-building  Works,  and  is  so  ar- 
ranged that  it  can  be  worked  by 
horse,  steam  or  water  power.  The 
frame  can  be  taken  apart  and  put 
together  again  with  no  cutting  or 
refitting.  The  stamps  are  90-'drop, 
■.weigh  250  pounds  each,  and  the  en- 
tire outfit  as  shown,  including  frame, 
weighs  4500  pounds. 


The  advantages  of  an  electric  mine 
pump  are  that  it  can  be  made  of 
such  form  as  to  be  easily  adapted  for 
use  in  shallow  cuts;  easily  moved  from 
place  to  place;  can  be  started  or 
stopped  at  a  moment's  notice;  is  eco- 
nomical in  operation  and  does  not  re- 
quire a  skilled  engineer  to  operate  it. 
Above  is  given  an  illustration  of 
Gould's  horizontal  triplex  electric  mine 
pump,  manufactured  by  the  Gould's 
M'f'gCo. ,  a  combination  of  a  pump  of 
the  triplex  pattern  and  an  electric 
motor,  direct  geared,  mounted  on  a 
truck.  The  pump  has  three  plungers 
of  phosphor  bronze,  outside  packed, 
attached  to  the  crank  shaft  by  con- 
necting rods  at  120°  apart.  This 
method  of  construction  permits  the 
plungers  to  follow  each  other  and 
overlap,  giving  a  constant  flow  and 
securing  great  efficiency.  The  cylinders 
and  glands  are  bronze-lined.  The 
motor  and  pump  gears  are  of  iron, 
machine  cut  and  motor  pinion  of  bronze. 
The  materials  of  which  this  pump  is 
made  are  unaffected  by  mine  water, 
and  all  the  exposed  parts  are  duly 
protected  from  falling  debris  by  covers. 
The  gears  and  pinions  are  machine-cased.  The  pump 
is  of  such  design  as  to  be  easily  adapted  for  working 
in  shallow  cuts. 

These  pumps  are  in  operation  in  the  William  "A  " 
Colliery  of  the  Connell  Coal  Company,  Scranton, 
Pa.,  Union  Colliery  Company,  Victoria,  B.  C, 
Raybould  Coal  Company,  Columbus, Ohio,  and  the 
Albion  Iron  Works,  Victoria,  B.  C. 


In  the  53rd  Congress  a  bill  was  introduced  requir- 
ing owners  of  placer  claims  to  segregate  20-acre 
lots,  but  did  not  pass.  There  has  been  no  change  in 
the  law  regarding  annual  labor  on  placer  claims, 
which  allows  a  company  of   eight   men    to   hold    160 

■  acres  and  considers  $100   worth   of  work   sufficient, 
Petaluma,  recently  discovered   have  .^^  ^  ^  maUers  be;ng  ^^  .^ 

been  analyzed   and   pronounced   the  | 

peer   of    any    of  California's    many  j 

famous  mineral  water  outflows.     An  j      The  two  most    widely    separated    postoffices    in 

Florida, 


Living  springs  of  white  sulphur  j 
water  on  the  old  Alcalde  Leaven-  j 
worth   estate,    fourteen  miles   from  | 


account. 

The  two  most    widely    separated 
incorporated  company  will  improve    the  United  States  are  those  in  Key  West 


the  property  and  establish  a  sanita- 
rium. 


and  in  Ounalaska,  Alaska,  6271  miles  apart.     Two 
cents  will  carry  a  letter  between  those  distant  points. 


326 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


May  25,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED     1QOO. 

Oldest  Milling  Journal  on  the  Anieman  Continent. 


OJfice,  No.  220  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  San  Fruhcisco. 
flS^  Tahc  tlie  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Street. 


ANNUAL    SUBSCHU'TUl 

United  States.  Mexico  and  Canada 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 


..  4  00 


Our  latest  forma  no  to  press  on  Thursday  Gvciiiuy. 

Entered  at  the  S.  P.  Postoffice  as  second-class  until  matter. 

J.  F.  HALLORAN General  Manager 


San  Francisco,  May  25,  1893. . 


TABLK    OF    CONTENTS. 

ILLUSTRATIONS.— Gould's    Horizontal    Triplex     Electric    Mine 
Pump;  Handy   Three-Stamp  Prospecting    Mil;    Twenty-six-inch 
Peed  Planer,  325.    The  Premium  Battery  of  1858,  tor  which  a  Gold 
Cup  Was  Given;  The  Model  Battery  of  1895,  329. 
EDITORIALS. — Au  Obvious  Distinction;  Three-Stamp  Prospecting 
Mill;  A  New  Electric  Mine  Pump;  Twenty-six-InchFeed   Planer; 
Miscellaneous,  325.    Testimonial  to  the  Battleship  Oregon;  Frank 
McLaughiiD  and  the  Valley  Press;  A  New  York  Mining  Man's 
Surprise;  Production  of  Coal  in  the  United  States;,  Production  of 
Gold  and  Silver  in  the  United  States;  New  Process  on 'the  Randt; 
Hydraulic  Miners  and  the  Anti-Debris   Association;   The   Coal 
Combine,  326. 
SCIENTIFIC  PROGRESS— Pulsations  of  the  Earth's  Crust;  Pre- 
serving Telegraph  Poles,  331. 
MECHANICAL    PROGRESS.— To  Pump  Coal;  Keep  6n  the  Right 

Side,  331. 
ELECTRICAL    PROGRESS.  —  Government     Telegraph     Service; 

Brain  Surgery  for  Idiots ;  Miscellaneous.  332. 
MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of.  California. 

Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  331-35. 
THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;.  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board  ; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  338. 
MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates;  327.  As  Seen  Through  English 
Eyes;  The  Haycraft  Process  of  Gold  Extraction;  How  To  Organ- 
ize a  Pearl  Factory,  328.  Silver  Mines  of  West  Kootenay,  B.  C. ; 
Evolution  in  Quartz  Milling  Machinery;  Curiosities  of  Corean 
Coins  and  Banking,  329.  Books  Received:  Coast  Industrial  Notes; 
Effectually  Answered;  Personal,  330.  Formosa's  Unknown"  Inte- 
rior, 336.    Notices  of  Recent  Patents,  339. 


Virginia,  10,70H,57t>.  The  aggregate  of  the  nation's 
coal  product  for  '93  was  182,352,774  tons,  worth 
$208,438,696;  for  '95,  170,853,085  tons,  worth  $186,- 
154,604.  Iu  '94  there  were  375,870  men  employed  in 
coal  mining.  The  average  price  per  ton  ranged  from 
75c.  in  West  Virginia  to  $3.87  in  Oregon.  The  price 
per  ton  in  this  State  is  set  down  as  $2.31. 


A  committee  of  Oregonians  has  made  an  appeal  to 
the  people  of  the  Webfoot  State  to  raise  $10,000  to 
be  used  in  the  presentation  to  the  battleship  Oregon 
of  a  suitable  testimonial  of  appreciation  on  the  part 
of  that  commonwealth  of  the  compliment  involved  in 
the  naming  of  the  great  War  vessel  after  that  great 
State. 

Elsewhere  Frank  McLaughlin  answers  oiie  of  the 
little  squibs  now  appearing  in  the  valley  press.  The 
article  which  elicits  the  Colonel's  rejoinder  is  a  simple 
sample  of  stock  on  hand,  and  nothing  delights  those 
people  more  than  to  be  noticed  or  to  have  their  stuff 
considered  worth  answering.  Column  after  column 
of  just  such  assertions  as  Colonel  McLaughlin  dis- 
poses of  appears  every  week,  dictated,  doubtless, 
from  headquarters,  and  intended  solely  for  local  con- 
sumption. The  writers  don't  believe  it  themselves, 
but  hope  to  revive  a  prejudice  that  is  fast  disappear- 
ing.  

The  London  Mining  World  of  May  4th  has  an  edi- 
torial interview  with  Robt.  Williams,  who  .  is  an- 
nounced as  intending  to  put  into  immediate  opera- 
tion a  new  process  he  has  discovered  for  profitably 
working  ''  millions  of  tons  of  low-grade  ore"  "but- 
side  the  main  reef"  on  the  Randt  in  South,  Africa. 
Prom  his  description  of  his  machine  he  seems  to  have 
in  mind  a  California  dry  washer.  He  further  says  : 
"  We  are  engaging,  at  least,  two  engineers  from 
America  at  a  cost  of  about  3000?,  a  year  each,  with 
their  expenses.  They  are  the  finest  men  we  can  get 
from  California.  They  are  experts  in  quartz  mining, 
and,  while  the  object  of  our  companies  is  to  waste 
not  a  sixpence,  we  are  determined  to  spare  no  money 
in  getting  the  very  best  assistance,  and  the  most 
competent  advice  that  money  can  obtain,  for  we 
look  upon  this  as  economy  in  the  long  run.  One  of 
these  California  men  will  leave  in  about  three 
weeks." 


The  division  of  mining  statistics  and  technology  of 
the  United  States  Geological  Survey  sends  advance 
sheets  of  its  statement  regarding  the  production  of 
coal  in  '93  and  '94,  the  figures  of  which  emphasize 
California's  meager  production.  The  smallest  out- 
put of  any  State  in  '93  was  that  of  North  Carolina — 
17,000  tons.  North  Dakota  is  credited  with  40,639 
tons;  Oregon,  41,683;  Michigan,  45,979;  California. 
72.603.  The  figures  are  relatively  the  same  for  '94; 
the  same  year  Pennsylvania  produced  98,037,267 
tons;    Ohio,    13,253,646;    Illinois,  8  19,949,564;    West 


Some  months  ago,  with   well-meant   but  mistaken 
zeal,  a  city  contemporary  opened  up   a  discussion 
about  hydraulic  mining  that  had  been  with  mutual 
good  will  accorded  a  much  needed   rest,  and  since 
then  the  opponents  of  the  hydraulic  miners  have  at 
considerable  length  iterated  and  reiterated  a  great 
deal  that  was  long  ago  shown  to  be  baseless;  have 
rehashed  many  old  charges  and  made  a  good  mauy 
statements  that  have  no  foundation  either  in  fact  or 
intent.     The  result  is  that  the  harmonious  relations 
existing    since    the    conference    at    the    California 
Miuers'  Association  meeting  in  '92  are  strained,  and 
considerable  undeserved  hostility  is  manifest.    It  has 
always   been   the  province  and  the  purpose  of  this 
journal  to   present  the  facts,  invite  discussion  and 
conference,  encourage  mutual  understanding,  (for  in 
this  as  in  other  cases  ill-will  ofttimes  results  from 
ignorance  of  each  other)  and,  in  general,  to  trust  to 
the  good  sense  and  intelligence  of  all   rather  than 
deal  in  invective  or  incite  harsh  and  unjust  attack. 
After  years  of  such  effort  and  with  the  assistance  of 
miner  and  valley  resident  alike,  a  suitable  and  satis- 
factory law  was  passed,  competent  men  appointed  by 
the  federal  government  to  administer  and  enforce  the 
law,  and  its  workings  have  been  uniformly  success- 
ful.    Its  provisions  have  been  rigidly  enforced,  and 
universally  complied  with.     Where   application   has 
been  made  to  the  United  States  Debris  Commission 
for  permit  to  build  restraining  works   and   operate 
by  hydraulic  mine,  immediate  and  competent  exam- 
ination has  been  made,  notice  has  been  given,   advo- 
cates and  opponents  of  that  particular  location  af- 
forded opportunity  to  make  statement,  and  without 
favor  the  requested  permit  has  been  granted  or  de- 
nied according  to  the  judgment  of  the  Commission, 
which  in  no  case  is  to  be  questioned.     No  miner  has 
disputed   the   decisions   of   the  Commission,  though 
the  anti-debris  people  constantly  decry  their  work 
and  impugn  their  motives,  eagerly  seeking  the  most 
trivial  pretext  in  an  attempt  to  soil  what  they  omit 
to  shiver.     At  a  meeting  of  the  Anti-Debris  Associa- 
tion in  Sacramento  last  Wednesday,  it  was  stated 
by  that  society's   agents   that   considerable  illegal 
placer   mining   is   going   on  in  Plumas,'Ne'vada  and 
Placer  counties.     The  report  is  doubtless   exagger- 
ated as  similar  ones  have  been,  the  idea  being  ap- 
parently to  arouse  antagonism  and  foment  opposi- 
tion rather  than  adhere  to  the  truth  in  a  statement  of 
alleged  facts,  but  it  is  probably  true  that  in  a  few  iso- 
lated instances  iu  opposition  to  the  efforts  of  the  min- 
ers themselves,  Chinese  have  illicitly  operated  sluices 
in  ignorance  or  defiance  of  the  law.    It  is  unnecessary 
to    say   to  the  hydraulic  miners  of  the  State  that 
strict  compliance  with  the  law  is  required  of  them  no 
less  as  a  measure  of  safety  than  as  a  moral  principle. 
Every  resident  of  any  part  of  a  region   in    which   is 
located  a  hydraulic  mine  draining  into  the  tributary 
of  a  navigable   stream   should   constitute   himself  a 
committee  of  one  to  see  that  the  law  is  rigidly  ob- 
served.   This  has  not  always  been  done,  but  it  should 
be  not  only  a  silent  precept  but  an  active  duty.    Es- 
pecially is  this  necessary  at  this  time,  when  every- 
thing is  distorted  and  misstated  iu  au  effort  to  man- 
ufacture argument  against  the  entire  system.     Any 
miner  who  violates  the  slightest  provision  of  the  law 
or  neglects  to  comply  with  its  every  requirement  is 
an  enemy   to  himself  and  the  cause  h»  represents. 
It  is  manifestly  impossible  to   entirely  control   the 
actions  of  Chinese  .and  other  irresponsible  parties 
who   take   desperate   chances   to  win  a  few  dollars, 
and  it  is  manifestly  unfair  to  make  that  serve  as  a 
text  to  charge  the  miuers  with  wholesale  disposition 
to  violate  the  law   as   has  been  done   recently.     In 
connection   with   all    this,    attention  is   directed  to 
the  called  meeting  of  the  executive  committee  of  the 
California   Miners'   Association   on   the    evening    of 
Thursday,  June  6.     It  is  necessary  that  there  be  a 
full  attendance,  and  every  delegate  is  urged  to  be 
present;  every  county  in  the  State  should  be  repre- 
sented.    A  good  deal  has  been  done  by  the   miners 
for    their   interests,  and   the   welfare  of  the  entire 


State,  but  considerable  remains  to  be  done.  Confer- 
ence and  active  co-operation  will  be  necessary. 
Whether  justly  or  not,  the  railway  corporations  are 
credited  with  a  present  spirit  of  reprisal,  and  in  re- 
venge for  the  activity-displayed  by  the  miners  in  op-' 
posing  the  corporate  absorption  of  the  mineral  area 
of  the  State,  the  subservient  portion  of  the  State 
press  has  begun  fighting  the  mining  industry,  quartz, 
drift  and  hydraulic,  and  it  is  alleged  with  great  ap- 
pearance of  truth,  that  this  is  the  real  reason  for 
the  sudden  outburst  of  antagonism  in  newspaper  of- 
fices in  Sacramento  and  elsewhere.  It  is  unfortunate 
that  men  who  have  temporary  access  to  type  can  be 
thus  swayed  by  railway  influence  of  various  kinds, 
but  it  is  for  the  miners  of  the  State  to  solidly  stand 
up  for  that  which  is  right,  confident  of  ultimate 
success. 

The  coal  importers  and  dealers  of   this  city  have 
formed  a   "combine,"  and  arbitrarily  advanced  the 
price  of  coal  one  dollar  a  ton.     Though  there  is  a  de- 
crease in  the  price  of  food,  rent,  labor,  and  nearly 
everything  else,  this  article  is  advanced,  apparently 
for   no  other  reason  than    because   the   middlemen 
imagine  they  can  do  it  and  not  be  interfered  with. 
They  should  be  shown  differently,    and  given  a  salu- 
tary  lesson.      The  Manufacturers'   and   Producers' 
Association  is  now  engaged  in  a  timely  effort  to  ad- 
vance  the   industrial  interests  of   the   Coast.     The 
price  of  coal  is  an  important   item   to   every   con- 
sumer.    In  the  face  of  this  local  effort  to  put  local 
industries   on  their   feet  comes   this   greedy  effort, 
which,  if  successful,  must  be  repressive  to  the  new 
movement.     Since  those  who  fancy  they  control  the 
coal  market  evidently  have  no  care  for  the  principle 
exemplified   by  the  Manufacturers'   and  Producers' 
Association,  and   are  only  actuated  by  a  desire  to 
amass  wealth  regardless  of  any  one  but  themselves, 
it  becomes  the.  business  duty  of  the  Manufacturers' 
and   Producers'  Association  to  take  such  immediate 
action  as  to  give  those  people  a  choice  between  set- 
ting the  price  of  coal  at  a  living  figure,  a  fair  rate, 
governed  by  the  law  of  supply,  demand,  quality  and 
quantity,  or  standing  competition.     If  the  last  alter- 
native becomes  necessary,  there  is  certainly  brains 
and     energy    enough    in    the    association   to   mine, 
ship  and  distribute   the   coal   itself.      The  fact  that 
the  trust   has   graciously  exempted   "steam   coal" 
from  the  sphere   of  its   exactions   cuts  only   an   in- 
direct figure.     The   principle   is   the   same,  and  the 
concession  is   but  a  covert   menace.      Those  people 
have  gone  too  far  and    should  be  taught  a  lesson. 
There  is  no  organization  better  fitted  to  do  this  than 
the  Manufacturers' and  Producers'  Association,  and 
the  opportunity  exists. 


Director  of  the  Mint  Preston  last  Wednesday 
issued  au  estimate  of  the  production  of  gold  by  the 
mines  of  the  United  States  approximately  during 
the  calendar  year  1894,  which  he  considers  to  have 
been  1,910,800  fine  ounces,  of  the  coinage  value  of 
$39,500,000,  which  is  $2,500,000  less  than  the  recent 
estimate  of  J.  J.  Valentine,  of  Wells-Fargo  Express 
Company.  The  production  of  silver  is  estimated  at 
49,500,000  ounces,  of  the  coinage  value  of  $64,000,000. 
In  the  production  of  gold  this  State  leads,  with  an 
output  of  $13,570,000;  Colorado  second,  $9,491,000; 
Montana  third, $3, 651, 000.  Colorado  leads  in  silver  out- 
put, with,  in  Director  Preston's  estimate,  23,281,400 
fine  ounces,  of  the  value  of  $30,101,200;  Montana 
second,  with  12,820,000  fine  ounces;  Utah  next,  with 
a  production  of  5,892,000,  and  Idaho,  with  3,249,500.  I 
The  revised  figures  place  the  world's  gold  yield  for  : 
the  year  at  $170,000,000. 


A  New  York  mining  man  who  is  making  his  first 
visit  to  California  expresses  his  surprise  to  the  writer 
that  San  Francisco  capitalists  do  not  take  more  ac- 
tive interest  in  the'development  of  California's  gold 
mining  industry.  He  says  that  nothing  but  personal 
inspection  can  convince  anyone  of  the  enormous  min- 
eral wealth  of  this  State,  and  that  to  California  right- 
fully belongs  the  honor  and  profit  of  producing  and 
acquiring  it.  San  Francisco  is  doing  a  good  deal  in 
that  direction,  but  is  not  at  all  hoggish,  and  is  per- 
fectly willing  to  see  enterprising  men  from  other 
States  occupv  and  enjoy  the  good  things  with  which 
Nature  has  endowed  this  favored  comtmnwealth. 
There  is  enough  for  all. 


May  25,  1896. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


3i7 


Concentrates. 

Plai  i:i:  ...i  im  lias  sent  $1801)  to  the  California  State 
Miners'  Association  this  year  a 

The  directors  "f  the  Jamison  mine,  Plumas  Co.,  have  about 
decided  to  build  a  mill  on  theii  property. 

\r  Clabk,  manager ol  the  Poorman  mine  at  Burke,  Idaho, 

says  the  mine  will  be  worked  out  ami  shut  down, 

Tue  Ilailey,  [daho,  Wmfti  thinks  that  Camas  No.  -  gold 
property  will  yield  a  net  profll  of  1160,000  this  year. 

Thb  Phoenix  mine,  near  Sierra  City,  is  having  its  electric 
plant  rejuvenated  preparatory  to  beginning  active  work. 

Pati  ;t£  to  forty-three  mining  claims  in  different   parts  of 

ie  dusty  archives  dI*  the  Salt  Lake  laud  office. 

Taa 480,000 plant,  including  the  mill  of  the  Stewart  mine, 
at  Bingham,  Utah,  was   totally   destroyed   by  fire  one  night 

last    week. 

Cuarlbs  Wauk  ,i  prominent  mining  man  who  was  shot  at 

Jerome.  Arizona,  by  .1     BrOWU  last  Saturday,  died    the  follow- 
ing day. 

TasPlumas  VativnahBuUtttn  reports  that  forty  men  are 
employed  ai  the  Eureka  mine  and  fifteen  stamps  are  con- 
stantly crushing  ore. 

Tax  tittle  quart2  mill  at  the  Black  Jack  mine,  near  Horn- 
brook,  Cat.,  was  burned  last  Wednesday.  It  will  probably  be 
replaced  by  a  larger  one. 

A  coord  ma  to  the  Nevada  Transcript  $300,000,000  have  been 
taken  from  the  mines  of  Nevada  county.  For  Sierra  the 
Downier  Llle  M iger  claims  $186,000,000. 

Joseph  Hughes,  representing  Denver  parties,  is  at  Green 
Kiver,  Wyoming,  fully  equipped  with  pumps  and  machinery 
to  thoroughly  test  the  Green  river  placers. 

The  Good  Hope  Mining  and  Milling  Company  has  incorpor- 
ated at  Spokane,  Wash.:  capital  stock  $500,000;  purpose,  to 
operate  the  Good  Hope  mineral  claim,  Trail  creek.  B.  C. 

The  Record  estimates  that  fully  $150,000  is  due  from  mines 
in  the  vicinity  of  Amador  City  to  people  there  for  wages  and 
supplies.     Probably  one-half  is  due  from  the  Gover  mine. 

While  working  in  Ids  mining  claim  on  Mill  ereek,  Plumas 
Co.,  last  Saturday.  Moses  Kwiogwas  instantly  killed  by  the 
falling  of  a  tree  which  he  and  his  partner  had  undermined. 

The  Record  says  that  the  appointment  of  Harry  A.  Lee  as 
Commissioner  of  Mines  of  Colorado  has  uot  thus  far  met  with 
the  approval  of  any  one  but  the  Governor  and  the  appointee. 

Aboct  two  miles  of  the  great  Parrot  ditch  are  completed  at 
Gaylord,  Montana.  They  have  twenty-six  miles  in  all  to 
build,  and  a  great  part  of  it  is  to  be  done  in  heavy  rock  work 
and  flumes. 

The  Red  Oak  drift  mine,  near  Saddle  Back,  northern  Sierra 
county,  is  reported  looking  very  promising,  and  present  devel- 
opments encourage  the  belief  that,  it  will  soon  be  on  a  divi- 
dend-paying basis. 

A  new  company  has  bought  the  Santiago  mines,  150  miles 
from  Dura  ago,  Mexico.  They  have  put  in  a  ten-stack  smelter 
and  are  smelting  ore  yielding  nine  ounces  of  gold  and  an  equal 
value  of  silver  to  the  ton. 

The  working  force  at  the  Bald  Mountain  Extension  drift 
mine,  Sierra  Co.,  has  been  increased  to  fifty  men.  Nearly 
$60,000  has  been  expended  in  running  4000  feet  of  tunnel  and 
opening  out  the  pay  lead. 

The  Fremantle  mine.  Twenty-five  Mile,  Westralia,  was 
sold  in  London  within  twenty  hours  of  being  placed  under 
offer.  Everything  was  done  by  cable,  including  the  transmis- 
sion of  the  purchase  money. 

The  nitro-glycerine  house  of  the  California  Powder  Works 
at  Pinole  blew  up  last  Tuesday  morning.  Five  white  men 
and  ten  Chinese  were  torn  to  atoms  and  several  others  injured. 
The  company's  loss  is  about £15,000.   ■ 

Sacramento's  latest  journalistic  scare  is  occasioned  by  the 
filing  of  placer  claims  comprising  three  miles  of  the  bed  of  the 
Sacramento  river,  near  the  Capital  City,  the  supposition  be- 
iDg  that  much  fine  gold  is  imbedded  therein. 

The  Australian  Quartz  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  at 
Sacramento;  capital  stock,  §2.5,000.  Directors— W.  M.  Wood- 
ward, Watsouville;  E.  E.  Meek,  Marysville;  W.  R.  Benjamin, 
A.  B.  Ashley  and  J.  A.  Hoagland,  Sacramento. 

At  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary,  Australia,  for  the  week 
ending  the  9th  inst.,  8079  tons  of  ore  were  treated,  yielding 
632  tons  of  lead  containing  200,S02  ozs.  silver,  also  1837  tons 
treated  by  amalgamating  and  leaching  plants,  producing  19.894 
ozs.  silver. 

A  company  has  been  formed,  says  the  Kingman  Miner,  to 
tunnel  Stockton  Hill,  which,  it  adds,  has  produced  more  ore 
than  all  the  other  mines  of  Mojave  county,  Arizona.  The  tun- 
nel will  tap  the  ledges  from  500  to  1000  feet  below  the  present 
deepest  workings. 

C.  G.  Fisk  sends  a  photo  of  fifteen  gold  nuggets  from  his 
Ogdensburg  and  St.  Lawrence  mines,  on  Fall  creek  eleven 
miles  from  Washington,  Nevada  Co.  The  channel  is  seventy- 
five  feet  wide,  and  while  the  nuggets  are  not  quite  a  yard 
wide  they  are  extremely  valuable. 

The  Idaho  City  World  says:  "The  Wells  brothers  made  a 
clean-up  yesterday  from  a  run  of  22%  tons  of  ore  from  their 
Summit  mine,  crushed  in  the  South  Africa  mill.  The  ore 
turned  out  70L4  ounces.  The  gold  runs  $14.20,  which  makes 
the  clean-up  £1084,  or  §48  per  ton.'' 

In  the  State  gold  mines  of  the  Ural,  "artels"  of  "stara- 
teli,"  consisting  of  from  five  to  ten  miners,  engage  in  mining 
and  prospecting,  and  are  paid  by  the  Russian  authorities  in 
proportion  to  their  find.  "Artels"  of  this  type  sometimes 
find  it  necessary  to  hire  outside  labor. 

The  Virginia,  Nev.,  branch  of  the  Nevada  bank  of  this  city 
closes  its  doors  next  Thursday  by  reason  of  dwindling  busi- 
ness. In  flush  Comstock  dajrs  the  bank  did  an  enormous 
business,  the  pay  rolls  being  over  half  a  million  monthly,  and 
the  bullion  handled  averaging  two  and  a  half  millionsa  month, 
the  annual  profit  of  the  bank  being  nearly  §1,000,000.     Of  later 


[I  has  shared  the    declining   fortunes    of    the    town,  and 
after  this  mouth  will  have  ceased  to  exist , 

A  Vi  m  \.  A.  T.,  dispatch  says  :  Eight  gold  mines  at  PloachQ, 
on  the  Colorado  rivertWBB£y-eight  miles  above  there,  have 
been  sold  to  New  York  and  Denver  parties,  who  will  put  a 
mill  on  the  property.  Four  of  these  are  iii  the  White  Gold 
basin,  and  four  are  In  the  Pteacho  basin. 

\  G DEAJ    more  gold  dust  is  being   delivered    at  Grange- 

ville,  Idaho,  this  season  than  for  several  years  past,  the 
greatest  portion  coming  from  Salmon  river.  The  water  in 
the  mountain  camps  has  hardly  started  to  running  yet,  but 
the  yield  will  be  fully  up  to  the  average. 

Tub  case  of  mining  expert  Crossm&n,  who  was  arrested  at 
Carson,  Nevada,  onacharge  of  selling  certain  mining  prop- 
erty he  did  not  own,  was  dismissed  when  the  defendant  ex- 
hibited contracts  with  the  mine  owners  showing  that  he  was 
to  have  a  half  interest  in  case  he  struck  gold. 

G.BORQB  F.  Beckek,  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  who  has 
been  investigating  the  gold-producing  districts  of  the  Appa- 
lachian region,  reports  that  the  entire  South  has  produced 
about  $45,000,000  worth  of  gold  siuce  1799,  848,000,000  of  which 
came  from  Georgia  and  the  Carolinas. 

JOHN  Bakkv,  a  shift  boss  in  the  Anaconda  mine,  Butte, 
Mont.,  was  instantly  killed  last  Sunday  night  by  getting 
within  reach  of  a  blast.  A  few  moments  later  James  Mc- 
Garvey,  a  miner,  leaned  over  the  shaft  to  call  to  some  one 
below  when  the  cage  came  down  and  struck  him  on  the  head, 
fatally  injuring  him. 

One  of  the  leading  copper  mines  in  the  Lake  Superior  dis- 
trict reports  that  its  yield  in  1894  was  15,484,014  pounds,  at  a 
cost  per  pound  of  5.08c.  lu  1804  the  same  mine  produced  2,498,- 
574  pounds,  and  the  cost  of  mining  was  20.71c  a  pound.  The 
ore  has  changed  but  little  in  richness,  aud  the  wages  of 
miners  are  a  little  higher. 

James  Bheen,  of  Butte,  Montana,  for  several  years  manager 
of  the  Parrott  works,  will  build  a  smelter  for  treatment  of  the 
ores  of  Trail  Creek,  B.  C.  He  has  signed  a  contract  with  the 
others  of  the  Le  Roi  mine  for  a  supply  of  37,500  tons  of  ore, 
with  the  option  or  taking  an  additional  37,500  tons  at  the  same 
price  when  that  contract  is  worked  out. 

E.  A.  Abadie,  formerly  superintendent  of  the  North  Star 
mine,  Grass  Valley,  sends  a  copy  of  the  South  African  Finan- 
cial Record,  describing  the  Wemmer  property  at  Johannes- 
burg, of  which  he  is  consulting  engineer.  Improved  manage- 
ment has  increased  the  profits  of  the  company  from  £2445  in 
September,  1894,  to  £13,4S2  iu  March,  1895. 

Next  to  Silver  Star  the  Nevada  district  attracting  most 
present  attention  is  Silver  Peak,  where  a  30-stamp  mill  has 
recently  been  erected.  There  is  no  lumber  for  building,  and 
several  parties  have  returned  to  their  respective  camps  to 
tear  down  buildings  and  move  them  in.  Candelaria,  Belmont, 
Montezuma  and  another  place  are  on  the  list. 

A  Spokane,  Wash.,  dispatch  says:  "News  has  reached  here 
from  Trail  Creek,  B.  C,  that  a  parallel  vein  of  great  richness 
had  been  discovered  in  the  famous  War  Eagle  mine.  The 
Kansas  City  Smelting  Company  about  a  month  ago  offered 
§1,000,000  for  the  mine,  but  the  majority  of  the  stockholders 
wanted  more.     The  property  now  is  not  for  sale." 

Thomas  Chapman  was  found  dead  about  100  feet  below  his 
mining  claim  on  Hopkins  creek,  near  Gibsonville,  Sierra  Co., 
last  week.  It  is  not  known  definitely  whether  he  was  killed 
by  a  cave  or  blown  up  with  a  blast,  as  the  reservoir  runs  con- 
stantly night  and  day,  and  had  washed  him  down  the  ereek 
below  the  claim.     His  body  was  terribly  mangled. 

The  United  States  voting  precinct  having  the  highest  alti- 
tude is  that  of  North  Star,  located  near  the  celebrated  North 
Star  mine  on  King  Solomon  mountain,  in  San  Juan  county, 
Colorado.  The  stone  at  the  office  door  of  the  usual  voting 
place  is  13,101  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea.  North  Star,  al- 
though almost  inaccessible  for  from  six  to  nine  months  each 
year  on  account  of  snows,  generally  polls  from  75  to  80  votes. 

The  Detroit  Copper  Company  has  stopped  all  work  at 
Morenci,  Arizona,  both  in  the  mines  and  at  the  reduction 
works.  The  stated  cause  is  that  with  the  existing  price  of 
copper,  and  the  ores  of  the  mines  there  being  low  grade, 
taken  in  connection  with  the  cost  of  freights,  it  was  impossi- 
ble to  run  longer  without  loss.  It  is  said  that  the  shut-down 
is  to  try  to  force  the  Arizona  and  New  Mexico  railway  to  give 
cheap  freight  rates  to  the  Detroit  Company  on  coke  and  other 
supplies. 

Recent  Colorado  incorporations  are:  The  Great  Western 
Gold  Mining  Company,  capital  stock  §300,000;  headquarters  at 
Colorado  Springs;  to  operate  in  El  Paso  county.  The  Boston 
and  Cripple  Creek  Mining  Company,  capitalized  for  $300,000;  to 
operate  in  the  Cripple  Creek  district.  Gunnison  Gold  Mining 
and  Milling  Company,  capital  stock  §100,000;  to  operate  in 
Gunnison  county.  Electro-Magnetic  Concentrating  Company, 
capita]  stock  §500,000;  principal  office  at  Denver. 

Director  of  the  Mint  Pkeston  publishes  his  estimate  of 
the  total  gold  production  of  the  United  States  for  the  year 
1894  and  makes  the  aggregate  amount  fall  short  of  the  pro- 
duction of  1893.  Colorado  shows  considerable  increase,  Cali- 
fornia the  greatest  increase.  Mr.  Preston  estimates  the  total 
gold  production  for  the  year  at  §39,500,000.  Mr.  Preston 
some  time -ago  predicted  that  the  production  would  exceed 
that  of  last  year,  but  he  now  says  that  he  was  deceived  by 
the  miners  throughout  the  country. 

Referring  to  the  coming  collapse  of  the  mining  craze  in 
South  African  gold  properties,  and  the  increased  demand  for 
American  gold  mines,  the  Boston  Transcript  says:  "May  it 
not  be  that  what  we  are  to  see  in  the  earlyfuture  is  an  Amer- 
ican gold  mining  speculation  ?  Following  the  English  leader- 
ship, is  there  not,  for  reasons  similar  to  those  operaJJU^ 
abroad,  a  very  promising  field  in  the  devebrpffient  of  gold 
fields  as  inviting  as  that  of  South  Africa"  to  the  foreign  in- 
vestor?" \ 

The  Rocky  Mountain   Milling  Company,  Limited,    capital 

$50,000,  has  incorporated,  to  acquire  froni  the   California  Min- 

i  ing  and  Milling  Company  the  lease  of  thtg  Gregory  mill  site,  40 

!  miles  west  of  Denver,  and  to  erect  a  customs   concentration 

mill,  the  cost  of  which,  it  is  estimated,  wi',11  not  exceed  §25,000. 

It  is  estimated    the   profits  will  be  §l,0i?n  per  month.    The 


chairman  of  the  company  is  Mr.  John  Pete  it,  and.  in  addition 
to  Mr.  -i    11   Collins,  he  has  associated  with  him,  as; 
Mr,  c.  H.  Thompson. 

Thb  total  production  of  iron  ore   in  this  country  in  L89J  was 
11,879,01  ■  ol  3240  p  mnds,  us  - 

long  tons  in  L893     an  incn 

■    r  d  hematite  coi  I 
variety,  beic  ■  ,  i  ;  ol  the  total   production,  mat i to, 

magnetic  and  i  llowing  in  the  order  named,  the  last 

only  about  ttai  ■  ,  enl   of  the  total 

product.    The  number  ol  blast  furnaces  in  operation  also  si 
an  increase  over  1893,     The  number    in    blast    at    the   close  of 
1893  was  137;  al  th<  -i.   is.-..     In  spite  of  the  inci 

in  production  noted,  the  total  value  of  the  producl  wa 
118,577,835,  or  $1.14  a  ton,  as  compared  with  S19,265,91 
SU06  a  ton,  in  1893. 

Advertisements  have  lately  appeared  in  the  Butte,  Mou- 
tana,  papers  signed  by  the  trustees  and  secretary  of  the 
conda  Mining  Company,  calling  a  meeting  of  the  stockholders 
of  that  company  at  Butte  for  June -.'Ith  to  consider  the  sub- 
mission of  a  proposition  to  sell  all  the  mines,  mining  ground, 
quartz  mills,  smelters,  concentrators  and  reduction  works  be- 
longing to  the  company  and  such  other  property  as  may  be  de- 
decided  upon  by  the  stockholders.  The  advertisements  also 
state  a  reduction  of  the  capital  stock  of  the  company  to 
$1, 000,000,  or  such  other  amount  as  the  stockholders  may  de- 
cide upon,  will  be  considered.  Nobody  there  seems  to  know 
exactly  what  this  means,  but  it  is  reported  that  the  Anaconda 
people  have  an  offer  from  a  foreign  syndicate  for  the  purchase 
of  their  mines  and  plant,  and  that  the  June  meeting  is  called 
to  consider  it. 

Negotiations  are  pending  for  the  transfer  of  fifteen  claims 
in  the  New  York  district,  adjoining  Vanderbilt,  San  Bernar- 
dino county.  One-half  these  claims  are  owned  by  the  Gladi- 
ator Mining  Company  and  the  other  by  R.  F.  and  P.  House. 
The  property  is  situated  on  the  line  of  the  Nevada  Southern 
road,  at  the  present  terminus.  A  shaft  has  been  sunk  '200 
feet  and  a  tunnel  from  500  to  H00  feet  to  a  six-foot  vein  of  gold 
and  silver  which  assays  well.  The  principal  stockholders  of 
the  Gladiator  Company  are  General  Woodbury  of  Denver.  1. 
A.  Blake  of  New  York,  and  D.  Y.  Scotield  of  this  city.  The 
Messrs.  House  own  the  other  half  of  the  property.  The  plan 
is  to  consolidate  the  properties.  It  is  said  the  present  owners 
have  already  bought  ground  and  accepted  plans  for  a  smelter, 
to  be  erected  at  Needles,  and  that  even  if  the  sale  does  not 
go  through  they  will  proceed  to  develop  the  property  on  their 
own  account. 

Leadville,  Col.,  produces  two  classes  of  manganese-bearing 
ores— a  manganiferous  iron  ore  used  to  some  extent  in  the 
production  of  spiegeleisen,  and  a  manganiferous  silver  ore 
used  as  a  flux  iu  the  smelting  of  silver-lead  ores.  The  ores 
are  all  from  the  upper  workings  of  the  Leadville  mines,  and 
carry  manganese  in  varying  quantities,  from  5  up  to  25  per 
cent,  aod  occasionally  30  to  35  per  cent,  with  0  to  20  ounces  of 
silver,  0  to  4  per  cent  of  lead,  7  to  8  per  cent  of  silica,  and  30 
to  50 per  cent  of  iron.  As  a  rule,  this  class  of  ore  carries  but 
little  silver,  though  some  of  the  slags  from  the  blast  furnaces 
are  so  high  in  silver  as  to  make  it  pi*ofitable  to  rework  them 
for  the  recovery  of  the  silver.  No  effort  is  made  to  save  the 
manganese  iu  the  ore  used  in  silver-lead  smelting.  In  iron 
smelting  the  manganese  enters  into  the  composition  of  spie- 
geleisen. The  ore  is  a  manganic  and  ferric  oxide,  the  iron 
being  limonite,  and  the  manganese  probably  psiiomelane. 

Diking  the  year  1894  the  total  number  of  persons  employed 
in  and  about  all  the  mines  of  the  United  Kingdom  was  739,097, 
of  whom  705,240  worked  at  the  3419  mines  under  the  Coal 
Mines  Act,  and  33,857  at  the  740  mines  under  the  Metallifer- 
ous Mines  Act.  Compared  with  1893,  there  is  an  increase  of 
22,232  persons  at  mines  under  the  Coal  Mines  Act,  and  a  de- 
crease of  1S82  persons  at  mines  under  the  Metalliferous  Mines 
Act.  Of  the  705.240  persons  working  at  mines  under  the  Coal 
Mines  Act  509,678,  or  about  80  per  cent,  were  employed  below 
ground.  Of  the  135,502  surface  workers  4583,  or  about  three 
per  cent,  were  females.  At  the  mines  under  the  Metallif- 
erous Mines  Act  20,011  persons,  or  about  00  per  cent,  worked 
below  ground,  and  of  the  13,846  surface  workers  1092,  or  about 
eight  per  cent,  were  females.  The  total  output  of  minerals 
at  mines  under  the  Coal  Mines  Act  was  199,451,018  tons,  of 
which  188,277,525  were  coal,  2,104,803  fireclay,  0,814,546  iron- 
stone, 1,986,385  oil-shale,  and  207,699  sundry  minerals.  The 
amount  of  coal  raised  exceeds  by  2,798,399  tons  the  highest 
output  hitherto  recorded,  viz.,  that  of  1891. 

Col.  McLaughlin,  of  Oroville,  has  wired  to  the  English 
owners  of  the  Golden  Feather  that  they  are  on  the  eve  of  suc- 
cess. He  cables:  "Canal,  head-dam,  foot-dam,  elevators, 
pipe  line,  ditch  in  perfect  order.  If  all  goes  well,  and  weather 
favorable  for  operations,  I  hope  to  be  able  to  turn  the  river  in 
June."  Alfred  Berwick,  the  president  of  the  company,  says: 
"Last  year  the  river  was  turned  at  the  end  of  June,  and  I 
shall  be  very  glad  indeed  if  the  Colonel  is  able  to  repeat  the 
operation  at  the  same  date  on  this  occasion,  for  this  simple 
reason:  that  last  year,  when  the  river  was  turned,  the  whole 
of  the  difficult  work  of  getting  to  the  bed  of  the  river,  and 
fixing  all  the  machinery  in  position,  was  still  staring  us  in  the 
face.  The  operation,  under  the  most  favorable  circumstances, 
lasts  for  four  months,  and  if  it  is  done  in  that  time,  then  we 
are  very  fortunate.  Last  year,  as  you  will  recollect,  instead 
of  attempting  to  make  any  efforts  to  recover  the  gold  we 
authorized  Col.  McLaughlin  to  direct  all  efforts  to  making  the 
machinery  safe  at  the  bottom  of  the  river.  That  was  done, 
and,  in  addition,  preparations  were  also  made  towards  clear- 
ing the  river,  so  that  directly  he  turns  the  river  this  year  he 
can  at  once  begin  to  sluice  in  pay  gravels.  We  have  been 
able  to  save  the  four  most  valuable  months  in  the  year,  which 
should  mean  a  very  good  story  for  the  shareholders  before  the 
end  of  the  season;  for,  in  1857,  when  the  river  was  only 
turned  for  a  short  time  by  some  energetic  Californians,  who 
managed  to  make  a  wooden,  ft'ume.,  'i'lii  Vo  M'.'V  the  whole  of 
the.  i^oter  of  the  river  for  some  six  weeks,  these  bold  men  ra 
that  time  recovered  from  a  small  section  of  the  river,  with 
the  most  inadequate  appliances,  an  amount  equal  to  a  million 
dollars,  and  we  know  for  certain  that  the  sum  of  §700,000  was 
declared  in  dividends  to  the  shareholders.  They  never  had 
again  such  a  successful  year,  or  a  year  when  the  weather 
allowed  them  the  opportunity  to  reach  the  gravels,  and  no 
further  gold  has  been  recovered,  so  that  it  remains  for  us,  as 
soon  as  the  river  is  turned,  to  at  once  commence  operations, 
and  then  the  Colonel  will  have  at  least  four  months  for  work- 
ing in  these  gravels,  which  we  know  to  contain  the  ffold,'' 


828 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  25    1895. 


As  Seen  Through   English   Eyes. 


"  Recent  Improvements  in  American  Metallurgy  " 
vas  the  subject  of  a  discussion  by  Jas.  Douglas 
>efore  the  London  Society  of  Arts  on  the  evening 
if  the  22d  ult.,  which  is  interesting  to  Americau 
nining  men  as  illustrative  of  how  our  mining  and 
netallurgical  methods  appear  to  an  English  mining 
ngiueer.  His  lecture  is  reported  in  the  London 
Mi iii a  ij  Journal. 

After  pointing  out  the  distinction  between  ma- 
hinery  and  methods  which  are  essential,  or  merely 
iseful.  in  certain  peculiarly  conditioned  localities,  he 
?ent  on  to  say  that  there  are  two  standards  by 
.duch  metallurgical,  as  well  as  other  technical  proc- 
sses  and  practices,  are  to  be  judged — the  standard 
f  absolute  excellence  and  that  of  economical  utility. 
'he  series  of  operations  by  which  the  minutest  trace 
f  each  valuable  constituent  of  an  ore  is  recovered, 
nd  by  which  the  reagents  used  are  regenerated, 
epresents,  no  doubt,  the  highest  standard  of  the 
rt  of  metallurgy;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  the  proc- 
ss  by  which  most  money  can  be  made  out  of  a  given 
re  in  a  given  locality  is  awarded  in  practice  the 
eward  of  adoption,  even  though  it  be  wasteful  or 
eprehensible  from  a  scientific  or  technical  point  of 
iew. 

Remembering  that  most  of  the  large  mineral  de- 
osits  of  the  United  States  are  situated  far  from  the 
Bnter  of  population  and  of  chemical  industry, 
■here,  therefore,  by-products-  are  of  little  or  uo 
alue,  where  fuel  and  reagents  are  dear,  and  where 
ibor,  owing  to  its  scarcity  and  the  great  cost  of 
ving,  commands  higher  wages  than  in  any  other 
:ction  of  the  Union,  it  can  readily  be  conceived  that 
ie  simplest,  even  though  it  be  not  the  most  perfect, 
le  speediest,  and  not  the  most  thorough  process, 
ill  be  selected  with  a  view  to  saving  only  the  most 
iportant  constituents  of  an  ore,  regardless  of  its 
ibsidiary  and  less  valuable  elements.  To  the 
resent  day  American  metallurgy  retains  some  of 
le  traces  of  its  early  youth,  especially  a  tendency 
>  work  on  a  grand  scale,  and  to  subordinate  scien- 
fic  accuracy  to  a  large  output.  Nevertheless  there 
exhibited  in  all  the  newest  establishments  not  only 
reat  ingeuuity  in  arranging  the  machinery  so  as  to 
;tain  the  maximum  of  automaticity,  but  a  freedom 
om  prejudice  which  prompts  the  candid  examina- 
on  and  due  estimation  of  novel  inventions,  coupled 
ith  a  keen  appreciation  of  the  value  of  a  scientific 
aining  in  the  technical  staff.  The  result  is  that 
ork  is  done  not  only  cheaply  but  well,  and  that 
fen  though  American  metallurgical  establishments 
i  not  types  of  those  completely  equipped  factories, 
here  every  constituent  of  the  ore  is  saved,  and  the 
due  of  the  by-products  rises  higher  than  that  of 
ie  metal  which  is  the  primary  object  of  search,  they 
ford  instructive  examples  of  the  judicious  applica- 
on  of  mechanics  to  metallurgy,  and  of  the  extent 
i  which  capacity  serves  as  an  auxiliary  to  economy. 
In  fact,  the  replacement  of  hand-labor  by  machiu- 
y  is  the  most  conspicuous  difference  between  the 
etallurgical  establishments  of  America  and  those, 
ith  a  few  exceptions,  of  the  Old  World.  This 
:culiarity  of  American  practice  has  been  forced 
x>n  the  profession  by  the  high  cost  of  labor  as  com- 
ired  with  the  European  standard  in  all  the  mining 
stricts  of  the  United  States,  and  especially  in  those 
the  Rocky  mountain  region.  For  instance,  "in 
rizona  daily  wages  are  at  present  for  miners  12s., 
r  furnace  feeders  and  tappers  12s.  In  Butte  they 
e  even  higher,  miners  receiving  14s.,  furnace  men 
s.  On  the  Comstock  IBs.  is  still  paid  to  miners. 
Colorado  from  10s.  to  12s.  is  paid  to  miners,  and 
rresponding  prices  to  mill  hands.  In  California, 
ring  to  the  lower  cost  of  living  and  the  denser 
ipulation,  wages  are  lower  than  elsewhere  in  the 
est.  Nevertheless,  miners  generally  get  10s.,  and 
metimes  12s.  Such  being  the  rate  of  wages  in  the 
incipal  centers  of  metal  mining  and  metallurgy,  it 
[lows  that  from  the  initiation  of  the  industry 
onomy  of  labor  has  been  a  sine,  qua  unit  of  financial 
ccess. 

With  the  steady  decline  of  late  years  in  the   price 
products,  with  which  a  corresponding   decline    in 
e  price  of  labor  has   nowhere    taken   place,   the 
cessity  of  replacing  manual  by  mechanical   energy 
s  grown  more  and   more   imperative.       Therefore, 
t  only  in  the   ore  concentration   and   in    ihe  gold 
Us,    but   in   the  furnace   plants,    the   aim   of  the 
signer  is  to  use   to   the   uttermost   the   force   of 
avity,  the  power  of  water  and  the  energy  of  steam 
d  electricity  in  moving  the  material  to  be  operated 
,  and  to  confine  man's  intervention   as   nearly   as 
ssible  to  the  function  of  superintendence. 
In  reviewing  the  machinery,   distinctly   of  Amcr- 
m  origin,  Mr.  Douglas  described  the  original  form 
Mi-  Blajjg  crusher,  ami  of  Sfce-Jaxge  progeny  of 
•ftminuting  machines   of    which  it    is    the    parent. 
serially  illustrating   a  circular   form  of   crusher, 
•h  as  the  Comet,  and  the  Gates,  to  which  for  cer-  j 
n  purposes,  he  would  accord   preference   over    the 
ike.  .  He  also  described  in  detail  the  steam,  stamp, 
lich  is  not  only  used  in  the  concentrating  works  of  j 
rke  Superior,  but  likewise  in   some  of  the  large  j 
sstern  works,  and  in  the  East,  where  large   quan- 
ies  of  iron  ore  have   to  be   crushed  for   magnetic 
)aration.     Each  stamp,  as  he  described  it,   is   an 


isolated  machine.  The  head  is  ati ached  directly  to 
the  piston  rod  of  a  vertical  steam  cylinder,  which  is 
supported  by  four  heavy  converging  pillars,  resting 
on  a  solid  frame,  and  holding  in  place  a  mortar. 
The  steam  valves  are  operated  by  eccentrics  and 
rods  which  derive  their  motion  from  some  terminal 
sources  of  power.  While  it  will  do  a  stupendous 
amount  of  work,  it  consumes  from  eight  to  nine  tons 
of  coal  per  diem,  absorbs  150-horse  power,  and  re- 
quires, in  order  to  evolve  its  full  efficiency,  that  it  be 
supplied  with  no  less  than  7000  gallons  of  water  per 
ton  of  ore  crushed.  Its  capacity,  working  on  soft 
i  rock,  will  run  up  to  nearly  300  tons  per  stamp  head 
when  crushiug  coarse  for  concentration,  or  150  tons 
when  crushing  fine  for  amalgamation.  The  only 
mills  Mr.  Douglas  considers  as  supplying  the  place 
of  stamps  are  the  Sturtevant  for  dry  crushing  and 
the  Huntington  for  wet  crushing.  He  says,  how- 
ever, that  it  is  essential  to  success  in  using  the 
Huntington  that  the  ore  be  reduced  to  coarse 
particles — say,  by  rollers — before  entering  the  mill. 
In  the  Belmont  mill,  Telluride,  Colorado,  he  saw  four 
six-foot  Huntington  mills,  fed  from  four  sets  of  coarse 
rolls,  crushing  fine  for  amalgamation  eighty  tons 
of  rock  daily.  The  mill  was  driven  by  a  fifty-horse 
power  motor,  deriving  a  3000-volt  current  from  a 
power  plant  fourteen  miies  distant. 

As  branches  of  mechanical  metallurgy,  Mr.  Douglas 
referred  to  the  more  recent  practice  in  gold  hydraul- 
icking,  and  the  constructruction  and  management  of 
free-milling  gold  and  silver  mills.     He   drew   atten- 
tion to  Hendy's   hydraulic   elevator,    which  is  suc- 
cessfully used  for  elevating  large  quantities  of  gravel 
to  the  level  of  the  sluice  boxes,  where  a  sufficient  head 
and  quantity  of  water  could  be  obtained.    He  quoted 
Mr.  flendy  as  saying  that  one  of  his  elevators  at  the 
North  Bloomfield  Company'smine  to-day  is  elevating 
2-tOO  cubic  yards  of   water   and   gravel   a  height   of 
ninety  feet,  using  a   water  jet   under   a   pressure  of 
520  feet.     The  lecturer   also   described   and  gave  an 
illustration   of    a   steam   shovel    and   amalgamator, 
which  is  being  applied  to  the  excavating,    screening 
and  amalgamating  of  gold  gravels  in  districts  where 
either  water  is  scarce   or   the   level  of  the   country 
prevents  recourse  to   the  usual  hydraulic  methods. 
He  considers   that   the    shovel  can   be  successfully 
used  where  the  gravels  are  not  too  coarse  or  mixed 
with  large  boulders.     In  that  case   the   strain   upon 
the  machinery  renders  the  cost  of  repairs  heavy  and 
the  working  of  the  machine  slow.     Under  favorable 
conditions,  he  thinks  it  is  possible  that  the  claims  of 
the  company  might  be  verified — viz.,  that  sixty  cubic 
yards  an  hour  could  be  worked  at  a  cost  of  ten  cents 
per  cubic  yard.      He   gave  statistics   showing   the 
very  low  figure  at   which   free-milling   gold   ores  are 
now  treated  in  well-constructed  mills.     In  such  mills, 
when   the    power   is   supplied    by    water,    and    the 
stream  of  water  is  divided  to  Pelton  wheels,  coupled 
directly  to  the  separate   groups-  or  even   pieces  of 
machinery,    the    absence    of    intermediate   running 
gear  increases  not  only  the  sense   but   the  reality  of 
automaticity,  and  makes  the  skillfully  arranged  and 
thoroughly  equipped  California  gold  mill  one  of   the 
triumphs  of  modern  mechanical  metallurgy.     As   an 
instance  of  the  subdivision  of  water  to  separate  parts 
of  the  machinery,  he  gives   that  of   the  North  Star 
mine,  in   Nevada  county,    California,    where,  at   the 
hoisting  works,  under  a  237-foot  head,  an   eight-foot 
Pelton  wheel  works  the  pump,    and  a   six-foot   Dodd 
wheel  works  the  hoist.      The  Dodd  wheel   is   fitted 
with  treble-nozzle  distributors,    which   arrangement 
permits  of  the  shutting-off  of  the   water   as  the   car 
ascends  the  incline.     At  the  mill,   under   a   227-foot 
head,  a  six-foot  Pelton  runs  forty  stamps  with  ninety 
miners'  inches  of   water;  a   three-foot  Pelton    runs 
sixteen  vanners  with  eight  miners'  inches;  a  four-foot 
Pelton  runs  the  rock-breaker   with   twenty   miners' 
inches;   and  a  three-foot  Pelton,  supplied  with  water 
which  has  already  been  used  at   the  hoisting  works, 
runs  a  dynamo  for  lighting  and  other  purposes. 

Referring  to  free  silver  milling,  Mr.  Douglas 
pointed  out  the  lack  of  thorough  scientific  investiga- 
tion of  the  reactions  involved  in  the  Washoe  process, 
and  this  he  was  inclined  to  attribute  to  the  fact  that 
mining  and  milling  have  been  disassociated  on  the 
Comstock  lode,  and  the  milling  has  been  controlled  and 
practiced  by  companies  whose  aim  is  certainly  not 
to  give  publicity  to  their  operations.  He  compared 
the  results,  so  far  as  known,  of  silver  extraction  in 
the  Washoe  mill  and  in  the  patio  establishments  in 
Mexico,  showing  that,  so  far  as  excellence  and 
thoroughness  go,  Mexican  work  excels  the  American 
milling  work,  but  that  the  extreme  slowness  of  the 
patio  process  is  an  insuperable  objection  to  its 
adoption. 

The  lecturer  concluded  by  saying  that  the  above 
examples  are  a  confirmation  of  the  thesis  that  speed 
and  perfection  in  metallurgj'  do  not  always  go  hand 
in  hand,  but  that  it  is  none  the  less  true  that  only 
by  the  aid  of  machinery  and  the  handling  of  quantity 
with  celerity  cuiT-the  demands  of  modern  trade  be 
supplied  and  lean  ores\De  treated.  The  aim,  there- 
fore, of  the  modern  me  tallurgist  must  be  to  attain 
speed  without  sacrifices  accuracy,  and  to  that  goal 
we  are  fast  approachi  "tf. 

A  lecture  was  givetf' 0Q  the   29th   ult.,'   which   was 
devoted  to  a  descriptJ1011' of    the  many   forms  of   me 
chanical  calciners  in/^se  in  the   United   States, 
to  the  chlorination  i/f  =°'d  and  silver  ores. 


The   Haycraft   Process  of  Gold   Extraction. 


and 


A  public  test  of  Haycraft's  patent  gold-extracting 
process  recently  took    place   about   two  miles   from 
Adelaide,    Australia,    where    the    plant    has    been 
erected.      The   crusher   was  designed   to  pulverize 
auriferous  veinstone  without  the  use  of  water,  which 
is  considered  objectionable  in  Haycraft's  process,  as 
being  likely  to  wash  away   at   least   an   appreciable 
portion  of  the  very  tine  gold,  and  to  produce  slimes, 
which  are  also  better  done   without.     The  crusher 
has  hardly  come  up  to   the   expectations   that   were 
formed  of  it,  says  the  Minimi  Standard,  but   another 
plan  is  likely  to  be  adopted.     The   veinstone  or  ore 
after  passing   through   the  crusher   and   being  re- 
duced to  a  very  fine  grade  is  conveyed  to  the  upper 
floor,  just  above  the  level  of  an  iron  pan  or  cauldron, 
into  which  it  is  placed  and  where  the  actual  gold  ex- 
traction takes  place.    In  the  present  plant  the  capa- 
city of  this  pan  is  sufficient  to  contain  a   ton   of  pul- 
verized ore.    Possibly  in  future  plants  its  dimensions 
might  be  increased,  where  larger  quantities  of  aurif- 
erous material  have  to  be  treated.     The  arrange- 
ments for  working  on  a  really  extensive  scale  would 
require   larger  pans   or  several  of  them;  in  either 
case,  however,  the  cost   would   not   be   very  great. 
The  pan  is  fixed  over  a  furnace,  as  the  contents  have 
to  be  kept  boiling  for  an  hour  while  the  material  is 
being  treated.  Water  is  here  mixed  with  the  crushed 
stuff,  making  it  about  the  consistency  of  thick   pea 
soup.     A  vertical  shaft  having  revolving  arms  at- 
tached to  keep  the  contents  of   the   pan   constantly 
stirred,  works  in  the  cauldron.     The  arms  are  fitted 
with  carbon  shoes,  which   forms   the   anode  through 
which  the  electric  current  passes  through  the  saline 
liquor  to  the  bottom  of  the  pan,  which  with  a  dish  of 
quicksilver  in  the  middle  forms  the  cathode.     At  an- 
other part  of  the  upper  floor   a   dynamo  is   fixed  to 
supply  a  powerful  current  of  electricity  to   the  con- 
tents of  the  pan  and  the  stirrers.     At  the  trial  the 
index   showed   it   to   be   working  with  an  output  of 
over   100   amperes   at   an   E.M.E.   of  five  volts.     A 
small  percentage  of  common  salt  or  other  chloride  is 
added  to  the  water;  the   salt   being  decomposed  by 
the  electric  current,  the  sodium  passes  to  the   mer- 
cury, and  the  chlorine   rising   through   the  mass   of 
pulp  dissolves  the  fine  gold  it  meets  with,  and  forms 
a  chloride  of  gold.     As   the   pulp   circulates   in   the 
pan  this  chlorine  comes  under  the   operation   of   the 
electric   current   and   is    decomposed    in   turn,    the 
chlorine  being  liberated  to  seek  more  gold,  while  the 
gold  passes  to  the  mercury  cathode,  thus  producing 
ordinary  amalgam.     In   the  meantime   any   coarser 
particles  of  gold  that  are  too  large  to  be  dissolved  by 
the  chlorine  gravitate  to  the  bottom,    and   are  also 
taken  hold  of  by  the  mercury.      After   the   contents 
of  the  pan  had  been  kept  for  an  hour  at   the   boiling 
point  and  stirred  by  the   revolving   arms,    subjected 
also  to  the  electric  current,  they  were  drawn  off  into 
an  iron  trough,  except  the  mercury  amalgam.  Prom 
this  trough  they  were   washed  out   into  a  shallow 
trough   or    "shaking   table,"   having    a    horizontal 
longitudinal  movement;  its  object  is  to  recover  any 
small  quantity  of  mercury  that  may  have  got  mixed 
with  the  pulp,  and  any  pyrites   that  may   be  worth 
subsequent  treatment.     The  water  finally  flows  out 
into  settling  pans  and  can  be  used   over   again,  thus 
economizing  as  much  as  possible  what  is  an  expensive 
element  in  countries  like  West  Australia. 

Immediately  on  clearing  the  pan  of  one  charge, 
another  can  be  put  in  and  the  process  repeated  until 
the  entire  parcel  is  finished,  or  it  is  deemed  neces- 
sary to  clean  up.  The  mercury  amalgam  is  then 
taken  from  the  pan  and  retorted  in  the  usual  way. 
This  small  plant  is  capable  of  treating  twelve  tons 
per  day.  The  cost  of  treatment,  including  crushing, 
when  working  continuously,  is  estimated  at  about  7s 
b'd  per  ton,  and  the  royalty  to  be  charged  for  the  use 
of  the  patent  is  fixed  at  the  low  rate  of  2s  per  ounce 
of  the  gold  recovered.  The  first  bulk  trial  resulted 
in  saving  92%  of  the  gold  out  of  a  total  content  of  2 
oz.  -i  dwt.  16  gr.  per  ton. 


How  To  Organize  a  Pearl   Factory. 

An  extraordinary  treasure,  illustrating  the  suc- 
cessful manner  in  which  gems  can  sometimes  be  pro- 
duced by  the  "strategical  process,"  was  lately 
shown  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution.  This  was  a 
pearl,  the  size  of  a  pigeon's  egg,  of  exquisite  rose 
color,  and  the  receptacle  containing  it  was  the  orig- 
inal fresh  water  mussel  in  which  it  had  been  formed. 
The  nucleus  of  this  wonderful  stone  was  nothing 
more  nor  less  than  an  oval  lump  of  beeswax  which 
had  been  placed  and  left  for  a  few  years  between  the 
valves  of  the  mollusk,  which  had  at  once  proceeded  to 
coat  it  with  the  pink  nacre  it  secreted  for  lining  its 
shell.  The  mussel  was"  kept  in  an  aquarium  while 
engaged  in  its  lengthy  task.  It  belonged  to  a  species 
common  in  American  rivers,  and  it  is  suggested  that 
the  result  of  the  experiment  opens  to  everybody  the 
possibility  of  establishing  a  small  pearl  factory  for 
himself,  by  keeping  a  tank  full  of  mussels  and  hum- 
bugging them  into  making  great  "  pink  pearls  "  for 
him.  But  the  intending  experimentalist  is  cautioned 
against  avarice;  the  nucleus  must  be  introduced  well 
under  the  mantle  of  the  creature,  and,  above  all  it 
must  not  be  too  large. 


May  25,  18!).-). 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


329 


Silver  Mines  of  West  Kootenay,   B.  C. 


before.  Most  of  the  mines  are  working  at  a  loss  It 
has  been  decided  to  close  Betallack  mine,  which  has 
A  paper  with  this  caption,  by  E.  I>.  In^rall.  M.  K..    been  worked  for  centuries,  and  the  fate  of  others  is 

Chief  of  Mining  Statistics,  Ottawa, was  recently  read    «fj  doubtful. 

before  the  Sydney  meeting  of  the  Mining  Society  of 


Curiosities  of  Corean  Coins  and   Banking. 


The  following  are s  extracts  therefrom  Evolution   in    Quartz    Hilling  Machinery 

liarative  V    repent     npr/v     thn   n.  n»-«l  s  "lcl  *  • 


Nova  Scotia 

Until  a  comparatively   recent    period    the  mineral 
production  of  the  Province  of    British   Columbia  was 

at  entirely  confined  to  coal  and  gold,  the  latter 
chiefly  obtained  by  washing  the  shallow  auriferous 
gravels  distributed  widely  throughout  the  province 
The  discovery  and  workingof  veins  yielding  silver 
ores  is  of  a  later  date. 

ordlngto  Dr.  Dawson,  the  largest  deposit  of    , 
galena,  now  known  as  the  Blue  Bell  mine  on  the  east    data  and  illustration,  and    few   far' 


:    funniest  article  of  household  furniture  is   the 

i.  cash  box.     Every  man   has  his  own  bank  ol 
this  hind.      It   is  oak  wood  about   two  it 

thick,  and  I  ii  weighs  sever 

money  is  kept  in  this  box,   and   is   carried  about  on 
bo  much   has   been  said  and  chronicled    in    these    the  bai  ks  ol  lies  or  in  serva  a  man  coes 

columns  for  the  last,  thirty-live  years  of  the  progress    shopping,  and  in  the  winter  it  i  he  I  lorean 

and  history  of    the    gold    stamp  mill    that    it    .seems     safe  deposits. 

difficult  now  to  add  anything  new   to  the  comp 

rei  ord.    Whenever  a  notice  is  given  of  the  California 

stamp  mill  in  any  periodical,   anywhere,    the    Hies   of 

the  .Minim;  and  Scientific  Press  are  drawn  on  for 


The  Coreans  have  perhaps   the  best  safe  deposit 
system  in  the  work],  but  it  is   one    that    works   only 

dni'in^      I    i  ,  .  ,      .i'bl      ...  S     I  I  j  1  ■  •  .  _ 


during  the  winter.     All 
cash,  which  is  made 


bore  of  Kootenay  lake  was  discovered  as  early  as 
1 825  And  amongst  the  earlier  discoveries  of  this 
■  lass  of  ores  is  that  in  the  Coast  Range  mountains  at 
Hope  on  the  Eraser  river. 

The  galena  varies  in  grain,  from  large  cubes  down 
to  a  fine  steely  fracture. 

It  is  sometimes  enriched  by  the  presence  of  ruby 
silver  and  the  richer  silver  minerals  scattered 
through  it.  What  is  known  us  •■  carbonated  "  ore 
occurs  with  the  galena,  but  this  is  not  reallv  carbon- 


I  hi  ii    money   is    in   Corean 
coins  ol   copper  and  brass, 


tors  in  California's  gold  mining  his- 
tory have  been  more  thoroughly 
noticed  than  the  gold  stamp  mill. 

As  the  pioneer  mill  of  California 
has  at  this  date  a  value  by  way  of 
contrast,  and  showing  what  great 
strides  have  been  made  in  crushing 
machinery,  by  the  kindness  of  Mi" 
Melville  Atwood  and  Mr.  Almarin 
B.   Paul  we  have  been  favored  with 


ate  of  lead,  as  one  mightsuppo.se.  but  is  the'ochreous  i  the  original  drawing  of  the 
gangue  material  in  which  the  silver  ore  occurs  dis- 
seminated  in  the  native  condition.  The  whole  prob- 
ably results  from  the  decomposition  of  the  gangue 
and  of  the  silver-bearing  galena  of  the  vein.  Other 
minerals  are  associated  with  the  galena  in  places  and 
in  varying  quantities.  (If  these  zinc  blende  is  the 
most  prominent  ;  iron  pyrites  occurring  in  fair  quan- 
tity ;  other  metallic  ores  being  only  occasionally 
present. 

The  pure  galena  in  solid  ribs  seems  to  effect  more 
particularly  the  narrower  veins  cutting  the  shales, 
whereas  the  big  developments  in  calcareous  strata 
contain  generally  a  large  proportion  of  zinc  blende, 
which  lessens  their  value. 

Another  class  of  veins  show  rich  arsenical  and  an- 
timonial  silver  ores  in  a  gangue  composed  chiefly  of 
quartz. 

In  one  case  a  tunnel  was  seen  on  a  new  prospect 
where  in  its  length  of  75  feet  it  was  estimated   that 


premium 
battery  of  1858,  an  English  mill 
shipped  out  from  England  for  the 
Agua  Frieo  Co.,  and  erected  at 
C4rass  Valley,  Nevada  Co.,  in  1853, 
under  the  supervision  of  Mr.  At- 
wood, general  manager  of  the  com- 
pany, and  "The  Model  Battery  of 
1895."  As  will  be  seen,  there  is  a 
wide  advance  when  we  come  to  put 
this  battery  along  side  of  the  up-to- 
date  battery.  This  paper  being 
the  permanent  mining  record  of  the 
coast,  it  will  as  well  pass  to  the 
coming  time,  when  the  present  per- 
fected battery  will  be  as  far  behind 
the  times  as  it  is  now  ahead  of  the 
pioneer  mill,  and  the  premium  one  of 
1858.  This  may  seem  an  ultra  idea, 
but  we  must  remember  that  chem- 


THE    PREMIUM    BATTERY    OF    1858,     FOR    WHICH    A    GOLD    CUP    WAS    GIVEN. 


THE     MODEL     BATTERY     OF    1895. 


the  ground  broken  had  yielded  from  50  to  60  per 
cent  pure  galena  assaying  125  ounces  of  silver  to  the 
ton.  Or  again  another  prospect  pit  was  seen  show- 
ing a  two-foot  rib  of  absolutely  pure  "steel  galena  " 
with  ruby  silver,  the  ore  assaying  860  ounces  of  sil- 
ver to  the  ton. 

When  one  sees  such  exposures  you  cannot  help 
feeling  that  the  district  has  a  very  hopeful  future  be- 
fore it, 

There  Is  a  singular  law  that  prevails  in  relation  to 
the  yield  of  silver  by  galena. 

All  the  world  over  the  galena  found  in  veins  cut- 
ling  through  shales  is  richer  in  silver  than  the  gal- 
ena found  in  veins  cutting  through  limestones,  and  it 
here  appears  that  the  schistose  rocks  are  like  the 
limestones — less  argentiferous. 

The  galena  from  the  veins  in  the  schistose  rocks 
seems  to  average  lower  in  silver  than  that  occurring 
jn  the  shales. 


Great  distress  prevails  in  Cornwall,  says  the 
Mining  Standard,  owing  to  the  continued  depression 
in  the  tin-mining  industry,  on  account  of  the  de- 
creased American  demand  and  the  increased  supplies 
from  the  Straits  Settlements.  The  average  price  of 
tin  during  the  present,  quarter  has  sunk  lower  than 


!»try  and  electricity  are  now  playing  an  active  part 
in  the  extraction  of  the  precious  metals,  and  what 
the  coming  years  will  bring  forth  only  time  can 
determine.     The  two  cuts  speak  for  themselves. 

The  wire  rope  has  been  steadily  making  its  way 
into  new  and  varied  forms  of  service  since  its  enter- 
ing the  field  as  a  competitor  of  its  hempen  prede- 
cessor, In  many  of  these  new  uses  it  has  demon- 
strated its  special  merits  and  superiority.  The  rig- 
idity that  in  the  earlier  stages  of  its  manufacture 
was  a  serious  obstacle  to  its  more  general  use,  has 
been  overcome  by  the  progress  made  in  the  making 
of  iron  and  steel,  resulting  in  a  flexibility  making  it 
easier  to  handle  and  more  directly  applicable  where 
such  a  quality  is  necessary.  The  substitution  of 
steel  for  iron  has  largely  helped  to  bring  about  the 
desired  results,  which  with  new  methods  of  group- 
ing the  wires  has  secured  the  necessary  association 
of  strength  and  flexibility.  In  the  rigging  equip- 
ment of  ships  and  in  hawsers  used  for  towing  pur- 
poses the  wire  rope  is  to  be  found  in  the  commercial 
and  war  marine  of  all  nations,  Tnis  in  itself  has  de- 
veloped an  enormous  industry  ttat  b)d,s  fair  to  keep 
itself  in  permanent  activity,  and  to  jnewijyse  rather, 
than  diminish. 


about  as  big  as  an  old-fashioned  red  cent,  with  a 
square  hole  in  the  center.  It  takes  six  hundred 
coins,  or  three  thousand  cash,  to  make  an  American 
dollar.  About  twenty  dollars  is  a  good  load  for  a 
man  and  forty  dollars  would  break  down  a  bullock. 
During  the  summer  the  Corean  capitalist  lends  out 
his  money  for  5%  and  upwards  a  month,  very  judi- 
ciously placing  it.  In  the  winter,  however,  there  is 
liable  to  be  cold  and  famine,  and  it  might  be  stolen, 
or  his  debtor  might  not  be  able  to  pay,  so,  as  the 
cold  weather  approaches,  he  draws  in  his  cash  and 
puts  it  into  his  safe  deposit  vault  until  spring. 

Every  Corean  has  his  own  vault.  It  is  usually  his 
front  yard,  which  is  walled  off  from  the  street.  He 
has  his  servant  dig  this  up  to  a  depth  of  about  eight 
feet,  and  then  the  first  cold  frosty  night  he  spreads 
out  a  layer  of  this  cash  in  a  hole  and  covers  it  with  a 
coating  of  earth.  He  has  water  thrown  upon  this, 
so  that  the  cash  is  imbedded  in  the  mud,  and  it  is 
watched  until  Jack  Frost  freezes  it  tight.  The  next 
night  there  is  another  layer  of  cash  and  a  second 
coating  of  mud.  This  is  frozen,  and  so  it  goes  on  un- 
til there  is  a  solid  frozen  mass  of  cash  and  mud,  lying 
two  or  three  feet  below  the  surface  of  the  ground. 
On  the  top  of  this  the  ground  is  also  frozen,  and  the 
the  merchant  can  sleep  without  fear  until  spring, 


330 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  25,  189*> . 


Effectually    Answered. 


Coast  Industrial   Notes. 


To  the  Editor  : — As  a  sample  of  the  injustice  and 
mendacity  of  the  anti-debris  press,  or  rather  of  the 
rabid  section  thereof,  I  ask  the  use  of  your  columns 
to  call  the  atteutiou  of  the  miners  of  this  State,  and 
all  other  fair-minded  citizens,  to  an  item  that  orig- 
inally appeared  in  the  Marysville  Democrat,  and 
which  would  have  passed  unnoticed  by  me  had  it  not 
been  drawn  from  its  obscurity  by  mention  in  other 
newspapers  : 

The  Democrat  is  informed  that  large  quantities  of  debris 
taken  from  the  Banner  mine  is  placed  in  the  Feather  river, 
which  debris  should  be  cared  for  in  other  ways.  And  the 
drainage  of  the  works,  which  includes  acids  used  in  saving 
gold,  is  permitted  to  discharge  directly  into  the  stream.  The 
Banner  is  a  quartz  mine  located  about  three  miles  north  of 
Oroville,  and  only  a  few  yards  from  Feather  river.  Complaint 
is  made  by  men  who  say  the  deposit  of  this  matter  is  destroy- 
ing the  fishing  in  that  vicinity. 

Now,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  the  Banner  mine  and 
mill,  instead  of  being  "only  a  few  yards  from 
Feather  river,"  are  located  seven-eighths  of  a  mile 
in  an  air  line  from  the  river,  and  such  a  line  would 
have  to  be  projected  across  several  intervening 
ridges.  The  mill  tails  into  French  ravine,  which  in 
turn  empties  into  Oregon  gulch,  and,  following  the 
meanderings  of  these  outlets,  the  nearest  bank  of 
the  Feather  river  is  one  and  a  half  miles  south  of 
the  Banner  mine. 

I  assert  that  not  one  ton  of  mill  detritus  reaches 
the  Feather  river  in  twenty-four  hours,  the  gulches 
forming  a  series  of  natural  reservoirs,  and  our  slimes, 
for  sampling  purposes,  being  held  back  by  a  restrain- 
ing dam.  In  milling  and  concentrating  we  use  six 
inches  of  water,  or  rather  that  is  the  amount  which 
leaves  the  mill,  and  of  this  I  doubt  if  two  inches 
reaches  the  river.  Such  of  it,  in  fact,  as  does  not 
seep  into  the  ground  on  its  journey  to  the  river  was 
used  for  many  years  by  the  former  owner  of  the  mine 
to  irrigate  a  garden  situated  about  half  a  mile  below 
the  mill,  and  his  example  is  followed  by  the  present 
occupant. 

As  to  "acids  used  in  saving  gold,"  the  charge  is 
so  ridiculous  as  to  need  no  answer.  As  a  matter  of 
fact,  I  do  not  believe  that  any  complaint  has  been 
made  as  to  the  killing  of  fish  in  this  vicinity,  or,  if 
such  assertion  is  made,  it  is  for  the  purpose  of  black 
mail,  aod  is  fouuded  on  arrant  falsehood.  The 
monthly  product  of  the  Banner  mine  adds  more  to 
the  material  welfare  of  the  State  than  all  the  fishing 
operations  on  the  entire  Feather  river,  and  my 
monthly  disbursements  for  labor,  supplies,  etc.,  in 
connection  with  the  mine  is  of  more  benefit  to  the 
community  than  all  the  fish  that  ever  have  been  or 
will  be  caught  in  Butte  county.  Strange  that 
"  acids  "  powerful  enough  to  kill  fish  when  added  to 
a  volume  of  water  equal  to  a  flow  of  2500  cubic  feet 
per  second,  will,  unadulterated  as  it  comes  from  the 
mill,  nourish  flower  gardens,  strawberry  and  potato 
patches,  and  orange,  peach,  pear  and  fig  trees  as 
does  the  mill  water  of  the  Banner  mine  to-day. 

If  the  Marysville  Democrat  can  prove  that  the 
detritus  from  the  Banner  mine  is,  or  has  been,  the 
cause  of  an  increased  mortality  among  the  fish  in  the 
Feather  river,  or  if  it  can  prove  any  one  of  its 
charges  against  the  Banner  mine  to  be  true,  or 
fouuded  on  the  slightest  scintilla  of  justice,  I  will 
cheerfully  donate  S1000  to  the  funds  of  the  Anti- 
Debris  Association.     Very  truly  yours, 

Frank  McLaughlin. 

Oroville,  Cal.,  May  20,  1895. 


Personal. 

W.  C.  Ralston  has  returned  from  a  trip  through  El  Dorado 
Co. 

Col.  Acg.  J.  Bowie  is  back  from  an  extended  sojourn  in 
Utah. 

Mr.  Poster,  of  Spokane,  succeeds  Col.  Peyton  as  manager 
}f  the  Le  Roi  Mining  Co.,  Trail  Creek,  B.  C. 

Ex-Gov.  Blaisdell,  who  has  fully  recovered  from  his  recent 
illness,  is  visiting  mining  property  in  Trinity  Co. 

Major  W.  H.  Hecer,  of  the  U.  S.  Debris  Commission,  has 
returned  from  an  inspection  trip  through  Nevada  Co. 

P.  Geo.  Gow.  the  local  agent  of  the  MacArthur-Forrest  cya- 
nide process,  is  in  Sonora,  Tuolumne  Co. 

R.  Leo  Van  der  Naillen  has  been  appointed  manager  for 
the  Boudreaux  Dynamo  Brush  Co.,  with  headquarters  at  Chi- 
cago. 

A.  N.  Butts,  who  sold  the  Golden  Gate  group  at  Mercur, 
idaho,  to  Capt.  De  Lamar,  is  looking  up  some  California  min- 
ing property  this  week. 

Luther  Wagoner  has  taken  charge  of  the  McCall  gravel 
mine  at  Grey  Eagle  Bar,  El  Dorado  Co.,  recently  acquired  by 
the  Channel  Bend  Mining  Co. 

Mr,  M.  Bamberger,  superintendent  of  the  Golden  Reward 
Chlorination  Mill  Company  at  Deadwood,  S.  D.,  says  that  he 
has  decided  to  recommend  the  cyanide  process  to  his  company 
for  the  reduction  of  one  class  of  ores,  and  the  Russell  process 
for  those  ores  that  carry  silver  with  the  gold. 

Professor  George  F.  Becker,  Professor  William  H.  Dall 
and  Geologist  Purrington  of  the  United  States  Geological 
Survey  left  Tacoma,  Wash.,  last  Thursday  to  investigate 
under  Government  auspices  the  gold  fields  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Sbumagin  and  Kodiak  islands,  the  district  about 
Sitka  and  the  coal  fields  about  Cook's  inlet,  Alaska. 


A  telegram  from  New  York  to  Australia  has  to 
go  nearly  20,000  miles,  15,000  of  which  are  by  sub- 
narine  cable,  and  it  is  handled  by  fifteen  operators. 

The  Antwerp  Exposition  has  closed  its  accounts 
nd  returned  a  twenty  per  cent  profit  to  the  stock- 
lolders. 


—The  Krogh  Manufacturing  Co.  are  shipping  centrifugal 
pumps  to  Mexico  and  the  Sandwich  Islands. 

— There  were  2S.332, ITS  feet  of  pine,  spruce  and  fir  lumber 
landed  here  from  Washington  and  Oregon  during  April. 

— The  Sierra  Valley  Railway  Company  has  put  on  a  large 
force  of  men  and  is  rapidly  pushing  the  road  to  Beckwith. 

— W.  J.  Houston,  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  has  leased  ground  for 
the  erection  of  a  large  woodenware  factory  in  South  San  Fran- 
cisco. 

— The  Golden  State  and  Miners'  Iron  Works  is  putting  a 
100  H.  P.  Harding  gasoline  engine  in  the  new  schooner 
Monterey. 

— There  is  a  scheme  on  foot  in  British  Columbia  to  build  more 
paper  and  wood-pulp  mills  to  supply  the  Australian  market, 
which  must  always  import  its  paper. 

— F.  M.  and  E.  A.  Gi'eenwood,  of  this  city,  with  A.  B.  Ford, 
C.  E.  Knapp  and  P.  M.  Roedel,  of  San  Mateo,  have  incor- 
porated the  San  Mateo  Electric  Light  Co. ;  capital  stock, 
?2o,000. 

—South  American  houses  are  developing  a  new  scheme  for 
the  organization  of  an  intercontinental  express  company,  by 
which  it  will  be  possible  to  export  merchandise  to  Central 
and  South  America. 

— A  cut  of  from  five  to  fifteen  per  cent  in  the  wages  of 
N.  P.  R.  R.  employes  is  considered  in  Washington  and  Mon- 
tana—good  evidence  that  J.  J.  Hill,  of  the  Great  Northern, 
has  control  in  N.  P.  R.  R.  affairs. 

—The  S.  F.  and  S.  J.  V.  R.  R.  directors  last  Tuesday  or- 
dered three  65-ton  freight  engines  to  cost  610,000  each  and 
S00,000  tie-plates.  The  preliminary  surveys  between  here 
and  Stockton  are  nearly  completed. 

— The  Consolidated  Electric  Railway  and  Light  Company  of 
Vancouver,  B.  C,  proposes  to  erect  a  water-power  plant  on 
Seymour  creek  and  operate  the  Vancouver  City  electric  rail- 
ways and  the  lighting  of  the  two  cities  by   that  means. 

—The  Parafflne  Paint  Co.,  lib'  Battery  street,  this  city,  and 
221  S.  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  are  supplying  New  Mexico  and 
Alaska  with  their  P.  and  B.  paint,  roofing  and  sheathing 
paper,  illustrating  their  evident  value  in  the  demand  from 
regions  of  such  wide  difference  in  humidity  of  climate. 

—The  Electrical  Engineering  Company,  34  Main  St.,  this 
week  installed  a  25  H.  P.  dynamo  to  run  the  elevator  in  the 
Golden  Gate  building,  and  are  completing  a  50  H.  P.  dynamo 
for  the  Government  in  connection  with  the  new  guns  at  Fort 
Point.  They  have  also  this  week  installed  a  12  H.  P.  motor 
in  the  San  Francisco  stove  works. 

— Information  has  been  received  from  the  Treasury  Depart- 
ment in  relation  to  the  proposed  construction  of  a  revenue 
cutter  for  service  on  the  Pacific  coast.  The  plans  are  not 
fully  completed,  but  the  vessel  is  to  be  built  on  this  coast  and 
will  cost  about  §250,000.  She  will  be  the  largest  and  finest 
equipped  cutter  in  the  Government  service.  Carrying  ninety 
men  and  armed  with  two  or  three  modern  repeating  cannon, 
she  will  greatly  resemble  a  small-sized  naval  cruiser. 

— The  Union  Pacific  R'y  is  said  to  have  completed  preliminary 
arrangements  to  reach  this  city:  the  idea  is  to  build  from 
Portland,  Or.,  down  the  coast  to  Covelo.  The  San  Francisco 
and  North  Pacific  R'y  is  to  be  extended  from  Ukiah  to  that 
point,  and  a  junction  made  with  the  Union  Pacific,  the  bay 
terminal  to  be  at  Tiburon.  The  proposition  involves  con- 
siderable expense  and  engineering  problems  of  more  than  or- 
dinary magnitude.  The  company's  officers  disclaim  any  knowl- 
edge of  the  matter  and  say  the  above  is  all  news  to  them. 

— The  heavy  purchases  made  in  Washington  by  the  largest 
car  builders  in  the  United  States,  the  Tacoma  Lumberman 
considers  a  most  significant  pointer.  Wells,  French  &  Co.  of 
Chicago  were  induced  to  build  one  car  from  Washington 
lumber.  They  did  so,  and,  after  its  completion,  put  it  on  the 
scales.  It  weighed  2000  pounds  less  than  one  made  of  yellow 
pine,  oak  and  white  pine.  Apparently  that  settled  the  ques- 
tion, for  large  orders  were  immediately  placed  for  stock  with 
dealers  in  Washington.  So  urgent  were  these  demands  that 
a  representative  of  the  company  came  on  to  push  forward  the 
orders.  This  company  is  now  completing  600  refrigei^ator  cars 
for  the  Armour  Company  to  be  used  in  the  California  fruit 
trade.  This  contract  is  to  be  completed  by  July  1st,  and  it  is 
for  these  cars  that  our  lumbermen  are  forwarding  stock. 

— With  the  disappearance  of  the  old  Golden  City  Chemi- 
cal Works  there  has  grown  up  instead  in  this  city  the 
Stauffer  Chemical  Co.,  devoted  to  the  manufacture  of  acids 
and  heavy  chemicals.  Their  sulphuric-acid  chambers  are  im- 
mense, containing  159,000  cubic  feet,  and  are  built  to  meet  all 
the  requirements  of  the  coast.  Their  capacity  for  the  other 
acids  is  equally  extensive.  Only  from  such  large  works  can 
acids  be  produced  cheap  enough  to  warrant  manufacturers  de- 
pending on  them.  The  consumption  of  sulphuric  acid,  that 
fundamental  acid  from  which  all  others  start,  is  as  good  an  in- 
dex of  the  industrial  condition  of  a  country  as  is  the  consump- 
tion of  iron:  therefore,  whatever  cheapens  this  article,  pro- 
motes manufactures.  The  old  rates  on  66  acid,  which  were 
once  so  high  as  to  interfere  with  and  check  manufacturing, 
are  now  reduced  to  90  cents  per  100  pounds,  and  a  still  further 
reduction  is  promised  on  large  lots.  In  less  than  two  years — 
their  time  in  the  field — the  new  company  has  secured  the  bulk 
of  the  trade,  supplying  miners  and  smelters  as  well  through- 
out the  West.  Many  carloads  leave  the  works  daily,  reaching 
the  Sandwich  Islands,  the  Orient,  Alaska  and  British  Colum- 
bia. Industries  hitherto  unknown  to  California  are  springing 
up  and  are  flourishing  under  the  favors  of  this  new  company. 
The  acid  works  of  the  Stauffer  Chemical  Co.  occupy  a  block  of 
land  at  the  foot  of  Ninth  street,  in  the  southern  part  of  the 
city,  and  their  works  for  soda,  whitiDg,  sulphur,  etc.,  occupy 
a  block  at  North  Beach,  corner  of  Bay  and  Dupcnt  streets. 
Offices  at  402  Front  street. 

— Consul  General  Geringan  at  Shanghai,  China,  has  sent  to 
the  State  Department  a  comprehensive  report  of  trade  rela- 
tions with  China.  After  prefacing  the  statement  with  a  re- 
port about  the  civil  government  of  China,  the  principal  commer- 
cial city  of  the  empire,  the  consul  general  argues  in  favorable 
terms  of  an  international  standard  of  value.  He  says  China 
is  a  large  market  for  cotton  goods,  but  there  has  been  a  fall- 
ing off  from  65,859,000  yards  in  1892  to  27,706,000  in  1893.  There 
has  been  a  falling  off  in  the  case  of  Great  Britain  from  497,- 
475,000  yards  in  1892  to  365,405,000  in  1893.  The  loss  as  regards 
the  United  States  is  so  great,  he  says,  as  to  excite  anxiety. 
In  1873  the  mills  of  the  Orient  and  Occident  were  competing 
on  relatively  equal  terms  and  receiving  good  returns.  Now, 
in  1S94,  each  mill  employs  the  same  amount  of  labor  as  it  did 
in  1873,  but  the  owner  of  the  mill  in  the  United  States  pays 
for  the  labor  in  gold  at  the  old  rates,  while  the  owner  of  the 
mill  in  Japan  pays  for  labor  in  silver  at  the  old  rate.  Not  only 
does  this  principle  of  the  difference  in  the  value  of  currency  in 
which  labor  is  paid  in  the  Eastern  and  Western  countries  ap- 
ply to  wages,  but  it  applies  to  whatever  is  essential  to  the 
success  of  agriculture  and  manufacturing  enterprise.  "If  the 
land  acquired  twenty-five  years  ago  by  the  foreigners  in 
Shanghai  was  worth  $25,000,000  and  was  now  sold  for  what  it 
originally  cost  in  silver  and  the  proceeds  converted  into  gold 
the  loss  would  be  about  812,000,000,  and  by  this  rule  it  ap- 
pears the  inequality  in  the  value  of  silver  and  gold  has  re- 
duced the  gold  value  of  the  world's  property  one-half.  I  am 
not  writing  in  favor  of  a  gold  or  a  silver  standard,  but  in  favor 


of  au  equalizing  adjustment  between  the  two.  Silver  is  used 
by  one-half  the  world  and  gold  by  the  other  half,  and  while 
wages  in  one  half  are  paid  in  a  depreciated  currency  and  in 
the  other  half  by  an  appreciated  currency,  a  rivalry  between 
the  respective  products  of  the  labor  of  each  is  encouraged, 
with  the  advantage  from  the  outset  to  the  products  of  the  la- 
borer paid  in  depreciated  currency,  and  especially  when  the 
latter  can  supply  his  daily  wants  with  such  a  currency  and 
which  he  willingly  receives  and  remains  contented  with.  Not- 
withstanding the  plague  and  the  war  and  consequent  obstruc- 
tions at  the  ports,  the  total  value  of  the  foreign  commerce  of 
China  in  1894  was  greater  than  ever  before.  It  amounted  to 
390,307,433  taels,  as  against  367,995,130  taels  in  1893.  The  cus- 
toms" receipts  were  greater  than  in  anv  other  year  except 
1891." 

Books  Received. 


The  chief  publication  received  this  week  is  lt  The  Mechanical 
Engineers'  Pocket  Book :  a  reference  book  of  rules,  tables,  data 
and  formulas,  for  the  use  of  engineer*,  mechanics  and 
student,*,  by  We  Kent,  A.  M.,  M.  E." 

Though  the  author  modestly  disclaims  all  assumption  of 
originality,  and  announces  himself  solely  as  a  compiler  of  facts 
and  figures,  yet  a  higher  meed  of  praise  is  due  him  for  his  ad- 
mirable work  than  that  ordinarily  accorded  the  mere  com- 
piler, for  the  contents  of  the  work  evince  so  much  labor,  con- 
densation, exact  judgment  and  common-sense  method  as  to 
make  it  of  universal  value  to  any  practical  man  in  any  depart- 
ment of  mining,  metallurgy,  mechanics,  or  applied  scieuce. 
The  1000  finely  printed  pages  furnish  an  immense  amount  of 
practical  information  so  arranged  as  to  be  available  and  of  the 
nature  most  likely  to  be  required.  Every  device  that  creates 
or  transmits  power  receives  elaborate  attention,  the  tables 
are  unusually  full,  and  for  the  first  time  in  a  work  of  tbis 
character  (so  far  as  the  writer's  observation  goes)  "  Electrical 
Transmission"  is  given  a  prominence  commensurate  with  its 
importance.  It  is  a  book  indispensable  to  mechanical  engi- 
neers, and  kindred  workers,  and  while  in  no  sense  any  compe- 
tition with  Haswell  or  Trautwine  is  suggested",  yet  the  most 
cursory  examination  of  the  work  evinces  its  superiority  in  at 
least  the  "up-to-date"  information  with  which  it  is  replete. 
The  book  is  a  12mo,,  handsomely  bound  in  morocco,  gilt 
edges,  etc.,  and  is  published  by  John  Wiley  &■  Sons,  53  E  10th 
St.,  New  York  City,  to  whom  all  orders  should  be  addressed. 
The  price  of  the  book  is  §5,  postpaid. 

4kn7>nf  Is  Beat.'  A  Peep  Into  Nature's  Most  Hidden  Secret.?/'' 
Frederick  Hovenden,  F.  L.  S.,  F.  G.  S.,  etc.,  London,  Eng. 

It  is  believed  that  the  most  tremendous  sentence  ever 
written  is  that  which  opens  the  Book  of  Genesis:  ,lIn  the 
beginning  God  created  the  heavens  and  the  earth."  Here  is 
included  the  idea  of  the  Creator — distance,  space,  weight, 
motion,  time.  From  the  date  of  the  writing  of  that  sentence, 
1500  B.  C. ,  to  the  present,  we  poor  ephemeral  humans 
have  been  discussing  the  six  things  referred  to— their  rela- 
tions to  each  other  and  to  us.  The  matters  akin  to  those 
things — heat,  light,  electricity,  gravity,  etc. — which  we  have 
named,  and  let  go  at  that,  nave  received  equal  attention. 
Now  and  then  an  original  thinker  has  issued  new  concepts 
which  have  attained  circulation  commensurate  with  the  truth 
they  contained,  and  as  the  centuries  slip  like  grains  of  sand 
through  the  great  hour-glass  of  Time,  theory,  hypothesis  and 
definition  innumerable  have  been  evolved. 

The  book  received,  with  the  title  as  above,  is  a  singular  one 
and  will  attract  attention.  It  is  irreverent  to  the  physicist, 
unsatisfactory  to  the  philosopher,  unjust  to  the  mathematician 
and  puzzling  to  the  chemist.;  it  disturbs  the  biologist,  contra- 
dicts some  of  the  leaders  of  modern  thought,  upsets  several 
pet  theories  of  pet  scientists  and  seeks  to  put  molecular  en- 
ergy in  new  relations  to  what  is  usually  termed  "molecular 
physics." 

Having  asked  "What  Is  Heat;"'  the  author  devotes  350 
pages,  handsomely  printed  and  embellished  with  100  illustra- 
tions, to  a  discussion  of  mathematical  and  physical  concepts  : 
"  What  is  a  number?  "  an  object,  an  atom,  a  molecule,  internal 
energy,  the  kinetic  theory,  gravitation,  centrifugal  force, 
matter,  ether,  electricity,  vibrations,  vortices,  vacuums,  con- 
vection, spheroids,  and  kindred  topics  in  a  way  that  while  one 
cannot  wholly  agree  with  him,  yet  his  originality  and  manner 
of  argument  challenges  the  reason  and  often  commands  the 
admiration  of  the  reader.  Some  of  his  reasoning  is  too  circu- 
lar to  be  sustained;  for  instance,  in  decrying  the  accepted 
basis  of  all  mathematical  formulae,  he  argues  that  as  division 
is  inverse  multiplication,  hence  if, 4x0  —  0,  ,then  0-r0  =  4. 
"This  result,"  Mr.  Hovenden  says,  "  is  quite  in  harmony  with 
mathematical  reasoning."  Mr.  H.  will  have  some  difficulty 
in  securing  acceptance  of  this  allegation.  His  theory  of  gravi- 
tation is  somewhat  different  from  that  of  Newton,  or  Mr. 
Stephenson  of  this  city  (who  becomes  irate  if  humble  criticism 
thereof  be  attempted),  and  while  admitting  that  each  indi- 
vidual atom  has  a  specific  power  of  attraction,  he  holds  that 
different  species  of  atoms  have  different  intensities  of  attrac- 
tion. 

All  this  is  prefatory  to  the  discussion  and  definition  of 
"heat,"  which,  like  electricity,  he  holds  to  be  a  term  ex- 
pressing the  reactions  caused  by  the  absorption  and  flow  of  an 
incompressible  ether  passing  into  and  through  the  atom  and 
molecule.  This  ether,  he  claims,  can,  under  certain  conditions, 
be  seen.  Part  V  of  the  book  is  devoted  to  an  elaborate  ex- 
planation of  how  heat  can  be  made  visible  to  human  sight. 

He  negatives  the  concept  of  the  physicist  that  heat  is  the 
motions  of  the  particles  of  which  matter  is  built  up,  inveighing 
against  that  theory,  and  holds  that  "heat"  is  a  form  of  mo- 
lecular reaction,  "  an  antigravitating  function  of  ether."     - 

The  work  is  a  most  interesting  one  and  will  elicit  great  in- 
terest among  intelligent  men  who  love  inquiry  and  have  no 
idols,  scientific  or  otherwise.  It  is  as  uusettling  to  scientific 
belief  as  Darwin  or  Lyell  to  religious  belief,  and  while  we  can 
not  accept  its  utterances  as  conclusive,  we  can  at  least  re- 
spect the  earnest  desire  to  solve  nature's  secrets  that  charac- 
terizes the  purpose  of  the  author. 

It  is  published  by  W.  B.  Whittingham  &  Co.,  91  Grace 
Church  St.,  London!  England.     Price  S3. 75.  postpaid. 


Receipt  is  acknowledged  from  the  secretary  of  the 
Geograpical  Society  of  the  Pacific  of  an  invitation  to 
the  Sixth  International  Geographical  Congress,  which 
will  be  held  in  London  during  the  coming  summer, 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Royal  Geographical  So- 
ciety. The  list  of  honorary  officers  includes  all  the 
Ambassadors  to  the  Court  of  Saint  James,  the  Dukes 
of  Westminster.  Devonshire  and  Argyll,  and  numer- 
ous others  of  scientific  or  social  prominence.  Amer- 
ica is  represented  by  President  Hubbard,  of  the 
National  Geographical  Society,  Washington;  Presi- 
dent Davidson,  of  the  Geographical  Society  of  the 
Pacific,  San  Francisco;  and  President  Daly,  of  the 
American  Society,  New  York.  The  sum  of  £15,000 
sterling  has  been  subscribed  in  England  as  an  enter- 
tainment fund,  and  the  visiting  delegates  will  be  wel- 
comed by  a  reception  at  the  Lord  Mayor's,  followed 
by  a  round  of  balls,  dinners,  and  excursions  to  points 
of  interest.  The  delegate  from  the  Pacific  Society 
was  appointed  last  year. 


May  25,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pres». 


831 


Mechanical   Progress. 


To  Pump  Coal. 

Some  time  ago  it  was  announced  that 
.i  proposition  had  been  made  to  convey 
coal  by  means  of  a  pipe  line,  just  as 
petroleum  has  long  been  moved.  At 
first  the  idea  was  regarded  as  a  joke 
jj|  some  enterprising  journalist,  but 
from  time  to  time  the  project  came  to 
the  surface.  It  has  since  been  ex- 
plained that  the  gentleman  who  origin 
Etted  the  idea  is  Wallace  0.  Andrews, 
of  the  New  York  Steam  Heating  Com- 
pany. He  is  now  pushing  for  the  con- 
struction of  an  experimental  line,  and 
the  matter  has  been  brought  to  the 
attention  of  Pittsburg  coal  operators 
and  it  is  proposed  to  build  a  line  from 
the  Moon  Run  coal  fields  in  the  district 
to  some  manufacturing  establishments 
ju.st  outside  of  the  Pittsburg  city 
limits.  This  line  would  be  about  four 
miles  in  length,  and  the  originator 
claims  that  it  will  fully  demonstrate 
the  practicability  of  his  idea.  A  de- 
tailed explanation  of  the  working  of 
the  plan  is  thus  given  by  the  inventor: 
"I  believe  that  I  have  invented  an  ex- 
ceedingly valuable  method  of  trans- 
porting coal  from  the  mouth  of  the 
coal  mine  to  the  general  market  or 
place  of  consumption.  I  first  grind  the 
coal  to  a  fine  powder,  and  by  the  well 
known  process  of  '  washing  coal '  I  re- 
move an  average  of  fifteen  to  twenty 
per  cent  of  worthless  matter.  This 
consists  of  sulphurets  of  iron,  rock  and 
slate,  which  form  the  ash  and  clinker. 
Having  thus  purified  the  coal,  I  mix  it 
one-half  coal  and  one-half  water,  aDd 
pump  it  (precisely  as  crude  oil  is 
pumped)  to  market  and  deposit  it  in 
settling  ponds  or  basins.  These  are 
'cheaply  made  of  earth  embankment, 
with  the  ordinary  plow  and  scraper. 
They  will  store  10.000  tons  per  acre. 

"The  cost  of  grinding  will  not  exceed 
six  cents  per  ton  at  or  near  the  mouth 
of  the  mine.  I  also  have  proposals 
from  Germany  to  establish  here  their 
latest  machinery  for  washing  coal,  and 
guarantee  it  in  plants  of  500  tons  per 
day  at  three  cents  per  ton,  and  in 
plants  of  1000  tons  per  day  at  two 
cents  per  ton.  This  makes,  say,  ten 
cents  per  ton  for  grinding  and  washing 
at  or  near  the  mouth  of  the  mine. 
TPhey  also  guarantee  that  the  coal  thus 
purified  will  have  but  about  three  per 
cent  of  ash  and  clinker,  whereas  coal 
as  now  shipped  from  the  mines  and  de- 
livered to  the  present  method  of  rail- 
road and  water  carriage  gives  from 
ten  to  fifteen  per  cent  ash  and  clinker, 
and  in  many  cases  even  more  than 
this.  The  cost  of  grinding  and  purify- 
ing the  coal  is  ten  cents  per  ton,  and 
the  coal  is  worth  at  least  fifty  cents 
per  ton  more  to  the  consumer. 

' '  I  have  a  report  of  tests  made  in  Ger- 
many in  the  use  of  fine  coal,  showing 
an  increase  of  twenty  per  cent  of 
evaporation;  I  have  also  a  report  of 
tests  made  in  Pittsburg  showing 
twenty  per  cent  increase  as  compared 
with  lump  coal.  I  think  my  estimate 
of  the  increased  value  of  the  coal  to 
the  consumer,  thus  ground  and  puri- 
fied, taking  the  country  at  large,  and 
especially  at  points  where  coal  is  ex- 
pensive, is  a  fair  one  at  fifty  cents  per 
tou.  When  the  dry  powder  of  bitu- 
minous coal  is  blown  into  the  firebox 
the  atoms  explode  and  form  the  next 
best  fuel  to  natural  gas. 

"  The  following  table  is  made  up  from 
actual  tests  showing  the  coal-carrying 
capacity  of  pipes  in  tons  per  twenty- 
four  hours;  pumpiug  stations  thirty  to 
:orty  miles  apart,  according  to  grade 
supposed  to  average  from  New  York 
>o  Chicago  thirty  miles  apart),  with 
200  pounds  pressure  per  square,  inch: 

Size  of  pipe—  Capacity  per  -24  hours. 

4-inch  win  deliver 3-3(1  tons  of  coal. 

J     "         "  son   " 

■>  "  "  1,834  " 

i  "  "  3,168  " 

I  "  "  5.120  " 

5  "  "  10.240  " 

S  "  "  13,750  " 

I  "  '■  17,020  " 

I  "  "  28,160  " 


"Where  the  world  has  been  mistaken 
!  that  it  supposed  that  this  mixture 
'ould  clog  up  the  pipes.  I  find  there 
i  no  tendency  whatever  to  do  this. 

"We  have  found  that  we  can  not  only 
ump  a  mixture  of  fifty  per  cent  coal 


and  fifty  per  cent  water,  but  as  high 
ty  per  cent  coal  and  ten  per 
cent  water.  The  delusion  has  been 
that  people  supposed  the  coal  to  be  so 
very  much  heavier  than  the  water. 
The  fact,  is  that  when  pulverized  to  a 
fine  powder,  measure  for  measure,  the 
eoal  is  the  lightest,  because  of  the  air 
it  contains.  When  sent  through  the 
pipeline,  however,  and  delivered  into 
tanks  or  settling  ponds  and  becoming 
quiescent,  it  settles  very  readily; 
ninety  per  cent  will  settle  the  first 
hour,  and  the  water  is  ready  to  be 
drawn  off  the  next  morning." 

In  conclusion  the  inventor  expresses 
the  conviction  that  coal  can  be  carried 
by  pipe  line  for  one-tenth  the  cost  of 
carriage  by  railroad,  that  delivery  into 
the  settling  ponds  will  be  only  ten  per 
cent  per  ton  of  the  usual  and  average 
cost  of  unloading  coal,  and  that  the  de- 
livery out  of  the  settling  ponds  to  the 
consumer  will  be  only  ten  per  cent  of 
the  average  cost  by  present  methods. 


Scientific  Progress. 

Preserving  Telegraph   Poles. 


The  perfecting  of  the  creosoting  of 
wood  process  has  proved  a  godsend  to 
telegraph  companies.  Telegraph  poles 
intended  for  the  tropics  are  invariably 
creosoted.  The  timber  is  run  into 
cylinders,  which  are  then  hermetically 
sealed  with  immense  iron  heads. 
Steam  is  then  admitted  into  the  cylin- 
der and  surrounds  the  timber.  The 
temperature  is  raised  by  passing 
superheated  steam  through  coils  within 
the  cylinder  until  the  timber  is  heated 
all  through  at  a  temperature  just  high 
enough  not  to  injure  the  woody  fibers. 
The  vacuum  pumps  are  put  to  work 
and  all  the  sap  and  moisture  in  the 
cylinder  is  exhausted,  heat  being  still 
maintained  in  the  coils  to  prevent  the 
vapor  from  condensing  and  remaining 
in  the  timber.  After  this  the  oil  is  ad- 
mitted into  the  cylinders  while  they  are 
under  vacuum,  and  a  heavy  pressure 
is  maintained  until  the  requisite 
amount  of  oil,  which  is  determined  by 
gauges  and  thermometers,  has  been 
forced  into  the  timber.  The  oil  arrests 
decay  for  an  indefinite  period;  but  to 
have  every  part  of  the  timber  satu- 
rated is  expensive  and  unnecessary. 
Provided  that  the  timber  is  treated  by 
the  heat  and  vacuum  process,  if  the 
crevices  and  pores  are  sealed  up  with 
the  oil  to  a  sufficient  depth,  the  timber 
is  as  good  as  if  the  heart  has  been 
thoroughly  permeated.  The  wood- 
pecker is  one  of  the  worst  enemies  of 
the  telegraph  pole,  but  the  creosoted 
wood  is  entirely  safe  from  his  attacks. 
A  large  consignment  of  these  poles  has 
just  been  sent  to  Tarn  Mco  for  a  tele- 
graph line,  over  the  high  mountains  in 
Mexico.  They  were  so  black  with  the 
"  dead  oil  of  coal  tar  "  which  had  been 
forced  through  them  that  they  resem- 
bled iron  in  both  weight  and  color.  In 
Mexico  wood  is  so  rapidly  destroyed 
by  tropical  birds  and  insects  that  it 
has  been  found  expedient  to  incor- 
porate poison  with  the  preservative 
solution  so  as  to  prevent  the  poles 
from  being  used  for  roosting  purposes. 
The  wires  must  be  of  copper,  which 
lasts  longer  than  any  other  metal,  and 
withstands  better  the  weight  of  birds 
and  monkeys,  which  ci-owd  them  at 
night.  Even  these,  according  to  the 
superintendent  of  one  of  the  leading 
Mexican  telegraph  lines,  are  not  the 
greatest  pests  that  have  to  be  dealt 
with. 

Pulsations  of  the    Earth's   Crust. 


A>ia.  t  if  the  above  two  countries 
Prof.  Milne  says:  "In  both  Cermany 
and  Japan  a  tidelike  movement  too 
great  tube  produced  by  lunar  attrac 
La-  been  observed,  the  ground 
being  gently  lifted  every  twenty-four 
hours,  and  sometimes  twice,  and  in  ail 
rases  buildings,  trees,  etc  .  stand 
slightly  inclined,  like  cornstalks  in  a 
gentle,  steady  breeze."  In  short,  llie 
earth  is  ojpstantly  breathing,  so  to 
speak,  the  crust  making  each  respira- 
tion by  a  gentle  rising  and  falling, 
similar  to  that  of  the  chest  in  air- 
breathing  animals,  It  is  believed  that 
a  certain  per  cent  of  this  earth  crust 
disturbance  is  due  to  conditions  similar 
to  those  which  bring  about  earth- 
quakes. This  is  especially  true  as  far 
as  it  regards  Japan,  where  if  has  been 
traced  to  the  continual  opening  anil 
closing  of  the  broken  strata  in  the 
main  range  of  the  mountains. 


According  to  Professor  John  Milne 
the  crust  of  the  earth  is  in  a  constant 
state  of  agitation,  earth  movements  be- 
ing experienced  at  all  times  and  in  all 
lands;  but  they  are  so  slight  from 
month  to  month  and  year  to  year  that 
they  generally  escape  detection.  In  all 
the  countries  of  Europe  and  in  many  of 
those  in  Asia  (most  notably  Corea  and 
Japan)  these  tiltings  are  so  great  as  to 
be  noticed. 

Germany  seems  to  be  the  seat  of 
greatest  European  crust  agitation, 
Japan  occupying  a  smaller  position  in 


CHEAP 


ACIDS! 


CHEAP 


Sulphuric,  Muriatic,  Nitric. 
STAUFFER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

LARGEST  WORKS  IN  THE  WEST. 

Manufacturers  also  of 

SULPHUR, 

Powdered,  Sublimed    Roll  and  Wicks. 

Sal    Soda,    Soda    Ash,    Whiting;,    Paris    White, 
Carbon  Bisulphide  and  Soldering  Fluid. 


402  Front  Street,  San  Francisco. 


*  *  PLACER* * 

Amalgamators, 
Dredgers, 
%K  Shovels. 


Complete  "  Lancaster'1  Gold  Amalgamating, 
Concentrating  and  Hoisting  plants  furnished  for 
treating  large  quantities  of  low  grade  placer 
ground  at  a  small  cost  with  minimum  supply  of 
water  or  compressed  air. 

Highest  possible  Gold  yield  Insured. 

Outfits  include  "  Lancaster"  1895  Laud  or  River 
Dredges,  Grapples,  Scoops,  Steam  Shovels  and 
Cableways  of  the  most  approved  construction. 
Success  guaranteed.  Capacity,  one  hundred  tons 
hourly  and  upward,  if  required. 
Crushing,  Pulverizing,  Concentrating  and  other 
machinery  also  built. 

Investigation  solioited. 
JAME5  H.  LANCASTER,  Patentee, 

39CORTLANDT  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 


Albert  Maltman,         Samuel  C.  Thompson, 
Practical  Metallurgist  A.  B.  Yale  University, 

and  Engineer.  E.   M.  Columbia  Uni- 

versity. 

Maltman  &  Thompson, 

MINING  ENGINEERS  AND  METALLURGISTS, 

Owners  of  Nevada  County  Reduction  Works, 
Address:  Grass  Valley ,  Nevada  County,  California. 

Insrcct  and  report  upon  Mineral  Properties, 
Treat  Refractory  Gold  Ores  and  Concentrates  by 
Cblorination.  Furnish  Plans  for  and  Superintend 
Erection  of  Chlorination  Plants,  General  Analyses 
of  Ores. 

References: 
Timothy  Dwight,  President  Yale  University,  New 

Haven,  Conn. 
Henry  S.  Munroe.  Professor,   School  of  Mines,  Co- 
lumbia University,  New  York  City. 
Joser-h  S.Harris,  President  Phila.  &  Reading R.  R. 

Co.,  Trustee  Penn.  University,  Phila.,  Pa. 
Edward  M.  Preston,  President  Citizens'  Bank  of 
Nevada  City,  California. 


UNION  IRON  WORKS, 

SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA. 


ROOT,  NEILSON  &  C0.,<S> 

— Manufacturers  of— 

STEAH   ENGINES,   BOILERS, 

And  all  kinds  of 
♦    -f    MACHINERY  FOR  MINING  PURPOSES. 


Flour  Mills,  Saw  Mills  and  Quartz  Mills;  Machin- 

i     ery  Constructed,  Fitted  Up  and  Repaired. 
FRONT  STREET,  Bet.  IN  <«=  O., 

SACRAMENTO.  CAL. 


mVENTORS,      Take      Notice  I 

L.  PETERSON,  MODEL  MAKER, 

221!  Market  St.,  N.  E.  Corner  Front  (Up  Stairs).  San 
Francisco.  Experimental  machinery  and  all  kinds, 
of.  models.  Tin  and  brasswork.  All  communica- 
tions strictly  confidential. 


Professional  Cards. 


The  Evans  Assay  Office. 

w   x    JEHtT,    -    -    -    -    Proprietor. 

Successor  to  Jehu  &  ( tgdeo 

j  628    Montgomery  Street,  San   Francisco. 

{looms  16  and  it  Montgomery  Block. 

'Ore  Assays,  Analyses  pi   Minerals,  Metals' 

and  their  Alloys,  Etc. 

LESSONS  GIVEN  IX  ASSAY,       . 


School  of  Practical,  Civil,  Mechanical,  j 

Electrical  and  Mining  Engineering. 
Sun  eying,  Architecture,  Drawing  and  ! 
~-f.i  Intarkel  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 

OPEN    ALL    VEAU. 
A.  VAN  DKK  NAILLKN.  President. 
Assaying- of  Ores.  K5;  Bullion  and  Chlorlnation  i 
A8Say,$25;   Blowpipe  Assay, $10.    Full  Course  | 
of  Assaying.  850.    Established  1884. 
jar  Send  for  Circular. 


JOHN  W.  GRAY,  Engineer  and  Surveyor. 

[iiiation.  Surveys,  and   Reports   upon  ( 
Mines,  Drainage,  Tunnels,  etc. 

,    Development  of  water  for  mining- and  domeB-  , 
.  He  use.   irrigation,    and    the    production   of  j 
(  power.    General   Surveying  r.f  nil   kinds.  ;ind  , 
(  plans  prepared.    Construction   work   superin- 
tended.   Correspondence  solicited, 

Res.— 923  Linden  St-,  Oakland.  Cal. 


ED1A/MRD  S.  COBB, 

Mechanical  Engineer  and  Expert. 
.      Testa  and  Estimates  for  the  improvement  of  ( 
)  Pumping.  Power  and  Hydraulic  Planl**.  i 

Will  supervise  the  Construction.    Shipment  j 
,  or  Erection  of  Machinery.      Will  make  Draw- 
C  tngs,  Estimates  or  Specifications. 
t     Prices  obtained  for  machinery  of  every  de- 
c  scrlpllon.    Twenty  years  experience. 

23  Davis  St.,  Rooms  30  &  31.  S.  F.,  Cal. 


GILES  OTIS  PEARCE, 

Mineralogist   and   Metallurgist. 

708  Colorado  Avenue,  Colorado  City,  Colo. 

Will  examine    Mines.  Ore    Bodies,    Mineral 

>  Belts  or  Zones,   and    make    written  Mtiienilisl 

i  Reports,  fees  for  which  made  known  upon  ap- 

I  plication  for  St  r vices.    I  make  my  own  assays 

and  select   my  own   samples    when    examine 

mines.    Eighteen  years'  experience.    Analysis 

[  of  water  and  soils. 


CHAS.  S.  HARKER,  E.  M.,         \ 

Attorney-at-Law  and  Mining  ingineer.    \ 

Makes  a  specialty  of  Mining  Lmr.  Patents,  oh-  ) 
'  tained  on  mineral  and  agricultural  lands,  j 
1  Investments  und  reports  made.  ) 

Pull  charge  taken  of  property  for  absent) 
»  owners.  \ 

Offices:  16  &  17  No.  2«  Montgomery  St., 
SAX  rUAXrisro.  CAL. 


goineryor,.,      v 


ROOM  58,  CROCKER  BUILDING. 

Cor.  Market  and  Montgomery  Sts.,  San  Francisco.  < 

Will  act  jis    AGENT  \\>v   the  investment  of 
CAPITAL  in   RELIABLE  Mining  Enterprises, 
also  will  give   attention  to  the  sale  of.  and  re- 
/  porting  ou  RELIABLE   Mining  Properties,  or  , 
-  the  procuring  of    suitable  Machinery  for 
terest  in  Developed  Mines. 


!  Nevada  Metallurgical  Works, 

No.  23  Stevenson  Street, 

Near  First  and  Market  Sts.,  Sao  Francisco. 

C.  A.  LUCKHARDT,  Manager. 

Established  1869. 

ORES     WORKED     BY     ANY    PROCESS. 

Ores  Sampled. 

,  ASSAYING     IN     ALL     ITS     BRANCHES.  ( 

Assays  of  Ores,  Minerals,  Waters,  Etc. 
i  WORKING    TESTS    (PRACTICAL)   MADE. 

}  PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS  furnished 
for  the  most  suitable  process  for  working 
ores. 

i  SPECIAL  ATTENTION  paid  to  examina- 
tions of  mines;  plans  and  reports  fur- 
nished. 

C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co., 

(Formerly  Huhn  &,  Luckhardt), 
Mining  Engineers  and  Metallurgists. 


'  Everette's  Mining  Office.  I 

(Pioneer  Mining  Geologist's  Office  of 

the  Pacific  Northwest.) 

'  MINING    LAW,    MINE    EXAMINATIONS, 

METALLURGY,  ASSAYING  AND 

ANALYSIS. 

'Consulting  Associate  Mining  Attorney   at  < 

Law." 

Will  examine  and  report  upon  "Title  and  ] 
Exact  Value"  of  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  Copper,  , 
Coal,  Iron,  Clay  or  other  Mineral  Properties  , 
[  IN  ANY  PART  OF  THE  WORLD.  Any  , 
information  mining  men  may  desire  to  know, 
relative  to  the  MINERAL  or  COAL  resources  j 
.  of  the  entire  Pacific  Northwest,  will  be  hon- 
t  estly  given. 

Dr.  Willis  E.  Everette, 

1141  R.  R.Ave. 

Taooma,  State  of  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


332 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  25,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 


Government    Telegraph    Service. 

Patrick  B.  Delaney,  a  veteran  teleg- 
rapher, thinks  that  the  government 
could  do  the  work  now  covered  by  the 
postal  service,  vastly  better  by  means 
of  the  telegraph.  Of  course  radical 
changes  will  have  to  take  place.  Mr. 
Delaney  shows  that  at  present  it  costs 
the  telegraph  companies  three  cents  to 
bring  a  message  from  a  customer  to 
the  office  and  another  three  cents  to 
deliver  it.  As  this  rate  is  based  on  an 
average  of  twenty  words  per  minute 
with  hand  transmission,  and  sixty 
words  per  minute  with  the  quadruplex 
working,  it  is  easy  to  understand  that 
the  companies  cannot  telegraph  for 
less  than  existing  rates.  But  hand 
working  and  great  numbers  of  cheap 
wires  will  soon  be  things  of  the  past. 
Automatic  systems  and  a  few  big  cop- 
per wires  reaching  out  to  the  principal 
cities  will  have  a  vastly  increased 
capacity,  and  will  before  long  be  em- 
ployed to  carry  quantities  of  corres- 
pondence which  at  present  we  do  not 
dream  of.  Mr.  Delaney  says:  "Why 
should  the  government  insist  on  carry- 
ing our  letters  by  train  at  thirty  miles 
an  hour  instead  of  by  telegraph  ?  Why 
waste  twenty-four  hours  in  covering 
the  distance  between  New  York  and 
Chicago  ?  There  are  about  30,000  let- 
ters exchanged  between  New  York 
and  Chicago  daily.  Assuming  that 
they  average  fifty  words  each,  all 
could  be  telegraphed  over  two  copper 
wires  the  size  of  a  lead  pencil,  and 
with  time  to  spare."  It  has  been 
demonstrated  that  with  the  automatic 
chemical  method,  1000  words  per  min- 
ute can  be  recorded  perfectly  between 
New  York  and  Chicago  over  a  one  ohm 
per  mile  wire.  Messages  can  be  per- 
forated at  the  rate  of  twenty-five 
words  per  minute  and  typewriters  can 
print  from  the  received  tape  at  the 
same  speed.  On  this  basis,  letters  of 
fifty  words  could  be  perforated,  trans- 
mitted, printed  and  delivered  through 
the  mails  at  a  cost  of  about  five  cents. 
This  is  what  Mr.  Delaney  says  we  are 
coming  to,  if  the  government  will  only 
take  hold  of  the  work.  It  will  be 
curious  and  interesting  to  watch  the 
bearing  of  the  enormous  development 
of  telephony  which  is  close  at  hand, 
and  to  see  what  part  it  will  play  in  the 
cheapening  of  telegrams,  whether  the 
government  acquires  control  of  the 
telegraph  service  of  the  country  or 
not. 

Brain  Surgery  for  Idiots. 


An  operation  has  been  performed  in 
New  York  by  means  of  an  electrical 
saw,  which  seems  to  indicate  a  distinct 
advance  in  brain  surgery.  It  is  well 
known  that  idiocy  is  often  caused  by 
the  premature  closing  of  certain  soft 
bones  in  the  heads  of  children,  whereby 
the  growth  of  the  brain  is  obstructed. 
The  usual  treatment  is  to  take  a  piece 
of  the  skull  bone  from  the  top  of  the 
head,  and  thus  afford  the  cramped 
brain  an  opportunity  to  expand. 
Heretofore,  the  bone  has  been  cut  out 
with  a  punch  somewhat  resembling  a 
conductor's  punch,  but  this  method 
was  so  jarring  to  the  brain  that  the  re- 
sultant shock  nearly  always  killed  the 
patient.  The  new  method,  which  has 
been  successfully  practiced  by  Dr.  S. 
B.  Powell,  in  nineteen  cases  out  of 
twenty,  is  to  make  the  usual  four 
trephine  openings  into  the  skull,  and 
to  insert  a  broad  strip  of  silver  gently 
into  one  of  the  openings  and  work  it 
along  between  the  brain  and  the  skull 
until  it  protrudes  from  the  next  hole, 
thus  forming  a  shield  between  the 
brain  and  the  skull,  which  obviates  all 
danger  of  accident  from  the  slipping  of 
the  instrument  by  which  the  portion  of 
the  skull  is  to  be  excised.  A  minute 
circular  saw,  operated  by  electricity, 
is  then  brought  into  use.  A  cut  is  then 
made  from  one  trephined  hole  to  the 
other,  and  a  second  cut  is  made  about 
one- eighth  of  an  inch  from  the  first. 
The  intervening  bone  is  removed,  and 
the  brain  is  exposed.  Two  more  cuts 
are  made  between  the  other  trephined 
holes,   the   hone  removed,   the  silver 


strips  withdrawn,  the  flap  of  scalp 
drawn  back  and  stitched,  and  the 
requisite  bandages  applied.  Ordi- 
narily, the  operation  lasts  about 
twenty-five  minntes.  The  great  suc- 
cess which  has  attended  these  opera- 
tions is '  attributed  by  Dr.  Powell 
almost  entirely  to  the  great  delicacy  of 
treatment  rendered  possible  by  the 
electric  saw.  He  thinks  the  operation 
has  come  to  stay.  It  is  not  claimed 
that  it  will  change  idiots  into  persons 
of  much  mental  capacity,  but  beyond 
question  they  can  be  improved  so 
much  in  mind  and  braiu  that  they  will 
not  be  burdens  to  their  friends  and 
relatives,  as  idiots  but  too  often  are. 
The  electric  saw  used  weighs  less  than 
an  ounce,  and  it  can  be  operated  as 
delicately  as  a  scalpel. 


The  Mutual  Electric  Light  Co.,  a  re- 
cent local  organization,  is  credited 
with  being  the  cause  of  the  cut  in  San 
Francisco  rates  and  with  further  in- 
tent to  make  a  bold  bid  for  extensive 
business.  Its  office  and  power  station 
is  at  617  Howard  street;  the  officers 
say  they  have  several  contracts  for 
furnishing  electrical  light  aud  power 
and  have  filed  bonds  for  the  building  of 
four  miles  of  street  conduits.  They  in- 
stall four  new  boilers  this  week  and 
announce  an  intention  to  make  price 
and  efficiency  the  test  for  their  suc- 
cessful claims  to  public  favor. 


Construction  of  the  Marysville  and 
Auburn  electric  railway  has  begun.  It 
will  run  from  Marysville  to  Auburn, 
fifty  miles,  and  will  carry  freight  and 
passengers.  Power  for  the  road  will 
be  furnished  by  the  South  Yuba  Water 
Company;  the  power  house  will  be  lo- 
cated near  the  line  of  the  road  below 
Grass  Valley.  Nevada  Co. 


The  churches  of  San  Francisco  are 
adopting  the  electric  system  of  lighting, 
several  prominent  ones  being  hand- 
somely decorated  with  electroliers. 
The  old  Paulist  Cathedral  on  California 
street,  which  was  dedicated  more  than 
forty  years  ago,  is  now  being  supplied 
with  incandescent  lights  throughout. 


The  flower  fetes  throughout  the 
State,  which  exhibited  unusual  splen- 
dor, will  be  eclipsed  at  Santa  Cruz  this 
week  by  the  Venetian  water  carnival, 
wherein  thousands  of  incandescent  and 
arc  lights  will  line  the  water. 


THE  WILSON 

HIGH   GRADE  STEEL 

SHOES 

AND 

DIES. 

Guaranteed  to  Wear  Longer 
and  Prove  Cheaper  than 
any  others. 

Made  by  use  of  Special  Appliances. 

PATENTED   AUGUST    16th,   1892. 
Made  only  by 

Western  Forge  and 
Rolling;  Mills, 

ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
WM.  A.  HEWITT,     -      -     Agent, 

11  and  13  First  St.,  San  Francisco. 


The  I.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

60  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 

wmftNUFACTURERS         OF^v 

Stamp  mils,  Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,  Desulphurizing  Furnaces,   Etc. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contained,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Bills  for  Heavy 
Timbers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  and  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self -Contained"  Means  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  and 
Cau  Be  Readily  Recognized  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plant, 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  Mill  a  Large  Bill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  and  Loss 
Of  Time. 

SECOND:  The  Saving  in  Mill- 
Wright  and  Mechanics'  Labor  in 
Framing    and     Erecting. 

THIRD:  The  Large  Amount  of 
Space    Saved. 


Improved  Self- Contained  Cushion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill. 


Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List. — 
— CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 


Mining  Machinery. 


STAMP   BATTERIES. 


Corliss  and  Meyer  Cut-off 

Steam    Engines. 

Improved 

Blake  Rock  Breakers. 

Amalgamating;  Pans 
and  Settlers. 

CHLORINATION  BARRELS. 
BRtTCKKER    ROASTING    CYIIUDERS. 


+.  VULCAN  -f 

WIRE    ROPEWAYS. 


Vulcan  Iron  Works, 

135  to  145  Fremont  Street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cat. 


Adamantine  Shoes  and  Dies 

AND 

CHROME     CAST     STEEL 

Cams,  Tappets,  Bosses,  Roll  Shells  and  Crusher  Plates. 

These  castings  are  extensively  used  in  all  the  mining  States  and 
Territories  of  North  and  South  America.  Guaranteed  to  prove  better 
and  cheaper  than  any  others.  Orders  solicited  subject  to  the  above  con- 
ditions. When  ordering,  send  sketch  with  exact  dimensions.  Send  for 
Illustrated  Circular. 

Manufactured  by  CHROME  STEEL  WORKS,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agent,  141  and  143  First  Street,  San  Francisco. 

SDecial  attention  eiven  to  the  purchase  of  Mine  and  Mill  Supplies 


Stamp  Cam 


DROP  FORGED   HINER'S  SPOON.  s«mPi.0y  «i-ii.io«r. 


THIS  CUT 

ONE-HALF 

SIZE. 


nanufaGtnre<l    by    COLUMBIA   BQL,T   WORKS,    Columbus,   Qhio, 


May  25,   1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


333 


THE  JONES   ROCK    DRILL 

IS     THE 

Only  Successful  Hand  Power  Drilling  Machine  Ever  Invented. 


. 


,'K 


it  is  strong,  durable,  reliable, 
simple,  compact,  light,  easily 
bandied  uad  operated  by  one 
man,  and  will  reduce  the  cost 
of  rock  drilling  at  least  Fifty 
per  cent. 

Our  handsomely  Illustrated 
pocket  catalogue  fully  explains 
the  features  and  workings  of 
the  drill.  It  should  be  In  the 
bands  of  every  mine  owner, 
leaser,  contractor  and  prospect- 
or in  the  West.  Sent  free  on 
application. 

If  yon  are  Interested  in 
Rock  Drilling  Correspond 
with    ii -. 

WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MONEY. 


FRANK  T.  SUTHERLAND,  M'gT  Pacific  Coast  Agency. 

OFFICE  AND  WAREROOMS: 

Care  PARKE  &  LACY  CO. 21  and  23  Fremont  Street.  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

Or,   AUdreM  the  Company  at   Its    Denver  Office. 


Rand  Drill  Co. 


Rock  Drilling,  Air  Compressing, 

Mining  and  Quarrying 

Machinery. 

23  Park  Place,     -    -    -    -    New  York,  U.  S.  A. 

BRANCH  OFFICES: 

Monadnock  Building Chicago 

Ishpeming Michigan 

1316  Eighteenth  Street .- Denver 

Sherbrook  P.  O Canada 

Apartado  Ran City  of  Mexico 

H.  D.  MORRIS  &  CO.,  Agents,  141  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  helts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 

Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,   therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end  rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned  by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old  style,  is  prac- 
tically    over- 
come. 
Agaia.intbe 
'     /  surface  of  the 

belt  trans- 
versely two 
Teet  apart, 
there  is  a 
space  of  one 
inch,  contan 
,  ing     twenty 

— X     riffles  1-32  of 
an    inch    in 

— : ii?      depth.    This 

tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents   it  from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with   the  tailings  from  a    belt   with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  lin  tiding , San  Francisco* 


PDP    SAFETY    VALVES 


Are  a  necessity;  you  therefore  want  the  best, 
one  that  is  reliable,  simple,  and  durable — "L,un- 
kenheimer's  "  fills  the  bill.  It  has  a  large  spring, 
full  relieving  capacity,  and  is  very  sensitive. 
Every  valve  warranted.  Specify  and  Insist  on 
"Lunkenheimer's."  Others  are  using  them; 
you  should  also.  Our  Catalogue,  replete  with 
"up  to  date"  steam  specialties  will  interest 
you.     Gratis  upon  request. 


FRANCIS     SMITH     &     CO., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 


^HEEmiM  WSTE&L  PIPE 


FOR     TOW/IN     W/rtTER     WORK$. 

Hydraulic,  Irrigation  and  Power  Plants,  Well  Pipe,  Etc,  aU  Sizes, 

130  BEALE  STREET,  SAN   FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

I  Iron  out,  punched  and  formed,  tor  making  pipe  on  ground  \phere  required.  All  k^nda  of  Tools  sup 
plied  for  making  Pipe.  Estimates  given  when  required,  ^re  prepared  for  ooating  all  s,i?.es  of  Plljiee 
«l{h  s»  composition  of  Ons!  Tar  and  AsphaltllTT         •  "     '. 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license, 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


Founded  by  Mat  hew  Carey,  1785. 
HENRY     CAREY     Jt.lIRH     A     CO., 

Industrial  Publishers,  Booksellers  and 
Importers. 
810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  C  S.  A. 
*»"Our  New  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 
and  Scientific  Books,  $x  Pages,  8vo.,  and  our  other 
Catalogues  and  Circulars,  the  wholecovering every 
branch  of  Soience  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  free  and 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 
who  will  furnish  his  address. 


The  Pclton  System  of  Power 

Represents  the  highest  development  yet  attained  in  water 
wheel  practice  and  affords  the  most  simple,  efficient  and 
economical  means  of  utilizing  water  for  power  purposes. 

Six  Thousand  Wheels  Now  Running, 


Aggregating  over  400,000  horse  power.    Adaptation  made 
to  all  conditions  and  every  variety  of  service. 


Electric  Power  Transmission. 

PELT0N  WHEELS  are  the  recognized  standard  for  electrical 
work  and  are  running  a  majority  of  the  stations  of  this 
character  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 


Catalogues  furnished  upon  application.     Address 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO., 

121     riAIN     STREET,     SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


w%  ■    Tjpi  sum     ijijiiiin1  ■'  Alliums  w^HU   — 

CASCADE  WATER  WHEEL 

Adapted  to  all  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  in  the  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
lew  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAHIES  LEFFEL&CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 


American  Girard  Water  Wheel. 


Adaptable  to  all  heads  between  30  feet  and 
2000  feet,  particularly  where  economy  in 
the  use  of  water  and  fine  regulation  are  de- 
sired, as,  for  instance,  the  operation  of  elec- 
tric dynamos. 


Girard  Water  Wheel  Co., 


34  MAIN  STREET, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.,  U.  S.  A. 


WARRANTE1M-X-L 


Simonds  Saws  and  Machine 
Knives. 

Rubber  Belting,  Rubber  Hose, 
Cotton  Hose,  Packing. 

Leather  Belting. 

Dodge  Wood  Split  Pulleys. 

Emery  Wheels,  Files, 

Graphite  and  Graphite  Grease, 
Covel  Belt  Hooks, 

SIMONDS  SAW  CO., 

No,   31    Main  Street,   San  Francisco,  and 
g|$  First  gt,.  Portland,  Qy, 


334 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  25.  1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following1  Is  mostly  condensed  from  journals 
published  In  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mineB 
mentioned. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Amador. 
Sen  rit  Spring  Hill. — Twenty  stamps  at  the 
South  Spring  Hill  mill  in  Aniador  City  are 
running  on  ore  from  the  Median  mine.  At  the 
Median,  the  shaft  is  down  300  feet  and  drift- 
ing from  this  level  has  been  progressing  for 
some  time,  both  north  and  south.  The  vein 
is  strong  and  varies  in  width  from  live  to  fif- 
teen feet  aud  is  of  good  mining  quality. 

Bellwet^e'r,"— R6pnblicah:  Mr.  Underwood 
has  the  first  option  on  this  mine.  Mr.  Bright 
is  in  hopes  that  he  will  fail  to  come  to  time, 
as  English  capitalists  stand  ready  to  take  it, 
paying  850,000  in  cash,  and  $50  000  in  stock, 
and  will  spend  $200,000  in  placing  it  on  a  work- 
ing basis.  Should  the  former  take  it  he  will 
personally  superintend  the  operations. 

Mayflower.— The  miners  on  the  Mayflower 
and  Original  Amador  properties  have  quit 
work  on  account  of  not  receiving  their  pay. 
The  wages  have  been  running  behind  of  late, 
and  the  men  decided  to  quit  until  they  re- 
ceived the  whole  or  a  considerable  part  of  the 
sum  due  them. 

The  Argon av/t.—  The  Argonaut  shaft  is 
down  700  feet,  still  in  slate,  which  is  found 
harder  to  work  than  the  adamantiue  green- 
stone previously  passed  through.  The  slate  lies 
edgeways,  and  is  full  of  seams,  consequently 
it  blasts  badly.  More  holes  have  to  be  drilled, 
and  the  debris  blown  out  is  smaller  it  quantity. 
It  was  expected  to  tap  the  ledge  at  the  pres- 
ent depth,  but  there  are  no  indications  at 
present  of  au  early  termination  of  the  slate 
formation. 

The  Wildman  and  Mahoney  mines,  at  Sut- 
ter Creek,  both  operating  under  the  same 
management,  have  about  90  men  on  the  pav- 
roll. 

Butte. 

Golden  Queen  and  Golden  Butterfly.— 
The  Golden  Queen  quartz  mill  is  reported 
ready  to  r/esume  operations  at  Forbes  town. 
The  new  tunnel  for  the  Golden  Butterfly 
mine,  which  has  been  commenced  in  the  old 
Hendricks  mine,  is  so  low  that  a  great  min- 
ing district  will  be  drained  by  it.  If  the 
drainage  is  as  perfect  as  many  experienced 
miners  believe,  the  gravel  and  quartz  mines 
about  Oregon  City  and  Cherokee  will  be 
greatly  benefited,  for  they  can  be  worked  at 
a  slight  expense  compared  with  the  present 
expensive  way  of  getting  rid  of  the  water. 

General  Notes. — Times*  Sixty- five  men 
are  employed  on  the  Banner. 

Work  on  the  Golden  Feather  will  begin 
early  in  July  probably. 

F.  Parke  and  M.  Hitchman  of  Hurleton  will 
shortly  open  a  placer  claim  on  McCabe's  creek. 

The  work  on  the  Golden  Butterfly  is  pro- 
gressing. At  present  three  shifts  of  four 
men  each  are  employed,  and  the  shaft  is  in 
about  ninety  feet. 

The  Golden  Queen  mill,  at  Forbes  town,  has 
been  started  up  to  make  a  mill  test  of  about 
300  tons  of  ore  from  the  Honeycomb  mine, 
which  is  owned  by  the  same  company  as  the 
Golden  Queen.  It  is  believed  the  rock  will 
prove  rich  enough  to  warrant  a  continuance  of 
the  run. 

The  Clark  Bros.  &  Duensiag  have  put  in  a 
hydraulic  pump  on  their  gravel  claim  on  the 
north  fork  above  Big  Bar.  This  pump  is  the 
first  ooe  they  have  found  that  would  handle 
the  water;  and  as  the  gravel  is  very  rich, 
they  expect  to  make  a  stake.  In  two  day's 
run  last  fall  they  took  out  about  §200,  with 
seven  men.  but  on  account  of  too  much  water 
they  could  nnt  then  continue  the  work. 


Calaveras. 

The  Birney  Mine.— A  strike  is  reported  at 
the  Birney  mine,  near  Angels.  While  cross- 
cutting  on  the  160-foot  level  a  blind  vein  was 
encountered,  and  it  is  estimated  that  the 
rock  will  yield  from  $S  to  §12  per  ton.  The 
ledge  has  been  worked  through  eight  feet, 
but  neither  the  hanging-wall  nor  footwall  has 
been  discovered.  It  is  locally  reported  that 
the  mine  was  recently  bonded  for  one  month, 
and  that  since  that  time  Salt  Lake  parties 
have  offered  §23,000  cash  for  the  property.  A 
representative  of  the  Birney  people  is  here  to 
see  the  parties,  there  who  are  negotiating  for 
the  mine. 

El  Dorado. 

Parker  Mine. — Republican :  R.  S.  Raw 
has  taken  charge  of  the  Parker  mine,  between 
Grizzly  Flat  and  Brownsville,  as  superin- 
tendent, and  calls  for  bids  to  sink  a  shaft 
about  one  hundred  feet  deep  on  the  property. 
Some  New  York  men  are  interested  with  the 
present  owners  in  the  further  development  of 
the  mine. 

Unity  Mine.— Superintendent  Kimble,  at 
the  Unity  mine,  has  completed  the  changes  in 
the  machinery,  which  has  been  erected  at  the 
new  incline,  and  the  men  will  be  put  at  work 
underground  this  week. 

Havilau  Mine. — The  water  was  pumped 
out  of  the  Havilah  mine,  at  Nashville,  several 
weeks  ago,  and  the  timbers  found  in  remark- 
ably good  condition  after  their  soaking  of 
twelve  years.  The  men  are  now  engaged  in 
stopiug  ore  from  the  mine.  The  same  com- 
pany is  operating  the  New  Loudon  mine  at 
Plymouth,  and  is  having  much  trouble  there, 
as  the  shaft  was  caved  for  300  feet. 

Kern. 

Amalie  District.  —From  our  special  corre- 
spondent: The  Amalie  mining  district  was 
organized  April  18,  1895.  It  is  situated  in  the 
Agua  Calieute  canyon,  Keru  county-,  about 
fourteen  miles  from  Calieute  on  the  S.P.  R.  R. 
lis  laws  outside  of  the  U.  S.  laws  are  very 
simple.  They  require  ten  feet  of  work  done 
prior  to  recording  location  notice,  allowing 
sixty  days  in  which  to  do  the  work.  It  also 
requires  twenty-five   days'    work  or  an  ex- 


penditure of  $100  each  year  on  every  claim  and 
an  affidavit  of  said  work  or  expenditure,  to  be 
hied  with  the  district  recorder. 

Since  the  organization  of  the  district  there 
have  been  several  good  strikes  made  on  which 
the  required  amount  of  work  has  been  done 
and  the  notices  recorded.  There  is  probably 
no  better  field  in  California  for  the  good, 
close,  industrious  prospector.  There  isplenty 
of  wood  and  water,  with  as  fine  a  formation 
for  mineral  as  one  could  wish  to  see.  There 
has  been  work  enough  done  on  some  of  the 
mines  to  establish,  without  a  doubt,  the  fact 
of  the  existence  of  precious  metals.  Tbe  first 
of  these  is  the  Amalie,  from  which  our  dis- 
trict takes  its  name. 

This  mine  was  originally  located  by  C. 
Moore,  and  in  March,  1894,  was  bought  by 
W.  E.  Rogers  et  al,  and  the  Amalie  Company 
was  organized  for  its  development.  At  the 
time  of  the  purchase  by  this  company  there 
was  but  a  few  feet  of  work  done,  although 
this  work  showed  a  good  lead  of  fair-milling 
rock  with  a  streak  averaging  about  two  inches 
of  shipping  ore.  In  April  of  the  same  year 
there  was  a  crew  of  men  put  on  to  develop 
the  property.  The  ore  was  a  chloride,  carry- 
ing both  silver  and  gold,  about  one-third  of 
its  value  being  in  gold.  They  began  sinking 
in  two  places  on  the  lead.  When  at  the  depth 
of  100  feet  they  began  a  tunnel  which  con- 
nected the  two  shafts.  Up  to  this  time  there 
had  been  no  material  change  in  the  character 
of  the  ore,  but  the  vein  had  gradually  widened 
and  the  shipping  ore  had  reached  an  average 
width  of  twelve  inches.  After  connection 
was  made,  the  tunnel  was  continued,  follow- 
ing the  lead  for  about  fifty  feet,  when  a  round, 
of  holes  brought  a  change  of  ledge  matter, 
and  for  the  next  seventy  feet  they  had  an 
average  of  sixteen  inches  of  as  handsome, 
high-grade  ruby  silver  ore  as  ever  came  out 
of  the  ground. 

In  about  the  center  of  this  ruby  shoot  they 
started  a  winze  which  is  now  down  100  feet 
below  the  tunnel,  making  a  total  depth  of  200 
feet,  and  the  ledge  has  grown  stronger  and 
richer  with  every  foot  in  depth.  On  the  200- 
foot  level  the  silver,  in  combination  with  the 
gold,  is  in  the  form  of  a  chloride,  sulphide  and 
native  wire.  Every  fifty  feet  drifts  have 
been  run  from  100  to  200  feet  each  way  from 
the  winze  and  a  second  winze  has  been  put 
down  to  the  1.50-foot  level,  which  gives  the 
mine  a  fine  ventilation.  So  far  no  water  has 
been  encountered,  and  the  company  is  putting 
in  a  gasoline  hoist  and  making  other  neces- 
sary preparations  to  do  some  rapid  sinkiug  in 
the  next  few  months.  They  have  at  present 
about  twenty  men  employed  and  are  shipping 
several  cars  per  month  to  the  smelters.  They 
have  a  twenty-ton  mill  more  than  busy,  and 
have  now  on  the  dumps  about  300  tons  of 
chloride  and  400  tons  of  sulphide  ore.  This 
has  ceased  to  be  a  prospect,  and  has  as  a  mine 
a  bright  future  before  it.  G.  E.  F. 

Mariposa. 

Machinery  Arrived.— A  carload  of  machin- 
ery arrived  at  Merced  last  week  for  the  smelt- 
ing works  being  erected  near  Hornitos  bv  E. 
McGrath. 

Nevada. 

WASHINGTON    DISTRICT. 

Herald  :  King  Bros.  &  Co.  have  obtained  a 
lease  of  the  Rainbow  mine,  in  God's  Country, 
and  have  commenced  taking  out  ore. 

Henry  Phillips  is  pushing  the  work  at  the 
Mountain  View  mine  and  will  have  a  mill  up 
shortly.  He  will  probably  bring  the  mill  in 
by  way  of  Graniteville,  and  pack  it  by  sec- 
tions on  mules  from  the  old  Star  mine,  which 
point  can  be  reached  by  wagons. 

Work  continues  as  usual  at  the  Oak  Tree 
mine.  A  full  force  are  at  work  and  thirty 
stamps  are  kept  constantly  running. 

The  Rocky  Bar  mine  is  making  better  prog- 
ress than  heretofore,  the  place  being  better 
opened.  Immense  boulders  are  encountered, 
which  necessitate  a  great  deal  of  blasting. 

Flacer. 

Mountain  View  Mine.—  Hi- rah t:  McCul- 
lough's  mill  on  North  ravine  has  been  run- 
ning the  past  week,  crushing  ore  from  the 
Mountain  View  mine  down  on  the  river  south 
of  Auburn.  The  rock  pays  well,  averaging 
from  $20  to  $30  a  ton.  We'understaud  Super-  • 
indent  McNaughten  will  erect  a  mill  at  the 
mine  soon. 

The  Gray  Eagle  Mine.— Breasting  of  high 
grade  ore  has  begun  at  the  Gray  Eagle,  and 
the  mill  has  started  up.  In  a  recent  report  on 
this  mine "G."  C.  Hunter  says: 

"From  the  bottom  up,  for  a  distance  of  three 
feet,  they  have  got  splendid  looking  blue 
gravel,  and  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  this  very 
blue  gravel  is  the  upper  part  of  the  pay  ore 
and  that  it  extends  down  and  connects  with 
the  bedrock.  How,  far  the  bedrock  is  below 
the  level  I  cannot  say.  I  find  that  they  are  in 
a  great  channel,  once  the  bed  of  some  ancient 
and  mighty  river.  Taking  as  a  criterion 
the  richness  of  the  other  mines  on  the  same 
divide,  I  do  firmly  believe  that  they  have  got 
one  of  the  greatest  and  best  mining  properties 
of  its  kind  in  California.  At  a  point  several 
hundred  feet  back  from  breast  a  crosscut  has 
been  run  to  south  rim.  At  this  point  the 
channel  is  about  125  feet  wide.  From  the  bot- 
tom of  said  crosscut  a  winze  has  been  sunk  to 
a  depth  of  about  six  or  seven  feet,  and  no 
signs  of  bedrock  in  the  bottom.  The  gravel 
for  the  whole  depth  would  have  paid,  the 
superintendent  told  me,  but  the  water  was 
too  strong  and  they  had  to  quit.  I  have  seen 
the  rim  rock  on  south  side  at  several  points 
along  the  tunnel,  but  the  north  rim  I  have 
only  seen  twice. 

"  It  seems  to  me  that  the  tunnel  is  near  the 
center  of  the  channel,  as  the  layers  or  stratifi- 
cations are  nearly  level  across  the  breast.  I 
very  strongly  recommend,  and  as  strongly  ad- 
vise, that  the  tunnel  be  run  ahead  until  they 
strike  the  bedrock,  and  when  you  have  got 
that  well  in  sight  they  can  then  open  up  the 
channel  from  rim  to  rim.  The  bedrock  will 
then  be  the  floor  of  your  work,  and  breasting- 
out  would  next  be  in  order.  They  are  then 
prepared  and  in  condition  to  work  the  mine  in- 


telligently, economically  and  to  the  vQvy  best 
advantage.  There  is  no  other  way  by  which, 
they  can  work  the  mine  practically  and  in  a 
common-sense  way. 

l*  There  are  many  important  reasons  why  this 
plan  should  be  adopted.  In  the  first  place 
they  can  get  the  very  best  of  the  ore  which 
will  be  found  on  and  near  the  bedrock  and  up 
as  high  as  it  will  pay,  and  by  mixing  all  of  it 
together  you  get  a  true  general  average.  You 
will  find  in  many  places  that  the  top  of  the 
bedrock  is  soft  and  full  of  cracks.  There  you 
will  find  the  richest  part  of  the  ground  and 
may  extend  from  rim  to  rim  for  a  depth  of  sev- 
eral inches,  or  until  the  rock  gets  hard  under- 
neath. 

"This  you  mix  with  your  gravel  and  all  is 
sent  to  the  mill  together.  You  have  got  all 
there  is  of  value  aud  nothing  has  been  e:ther 
wasted  or  lost.  Again,  one  blast  would  break 
more  ground  when  you  have  a  floor  to  break  to. 
than  two  blasts  would  break  when  you  have  no 
floor  to  break  to.  This  is  a  well-known  and  es- 
tablished fact  everywhere  in  blasting  ground. 
Again,  you  have  got  a  solid  foundation  for  your 
timbers  to  stand  on,  and  again,  wheu  your  bed- 
rock has  been  thus  exposed,  you  can  take  up  all 
the  water  there  is  coming  down  the  channel, 
and  convey  the  same  out  through  the  tunnel, 
thus  cutting  off  to  a  great  extent  and  perhaps 
all  of  the  water  now  floodiug  your  incline. 
Were  you  to  breast  out  your  gravel  now.  or  be- 
fore you  get  the  bedrock,  the  following  results 
are  bound  to  follow  :  In  the  first  place  you  would 
be  taking  out  your  poorest  ground  and  leaving 
the  best  behind  you,  or  under  your  feet. 

"  It  would  cost  more  to  take  it  out,  because 
you  would  have  no  natural  floor  to  work  to. 
And  the  floor  which  you  would  have  to  work 
to  would  have  to  be  made  by  hard  work  and 
giant  powder  thrown  in  besides.  You  would 
have  no  good  footing  for  your  timbers  and  your 
waste  dirt  would  have  to  be  shoveled  into  cars 
and  brought  out,  or  else  throw  it  back  on  your 
rishest  ground,  which  you  would  be  leaving 
behind  you.  And  at  some  future  time  when 
you  would  work  the  ground,  you  jwould  be 
leaving  behind  you,  you  would  have  to  handle 
it  all  over  again.  The  timbers  you  would  have 
to  use  would  have  to  be  all  taken  out  and 
thrown  away  as  useless,  as  they  would  be  too 
short  to  answer  again,  hence  the  timbers  used 
and  the  time  taken  in  cutting  and  putting 
them  in  place  would  be  a  dead  loss  to  the  com- 
pany. The  returns  from  themill,  I  fear,  would 
fail  to  come  up  to  your  calculations,  and  then 
a  mighty  growl  would  follow  and  everybody 
interested  would  be  kicking,  and  a  cry  would 
go  up  that  there  was  something  wrong  with 
the  management— under  the  above  conditions, 
maybe  the  very  best— and  the  result,  not- 
withstanding, would  be  sure  to  follow  as 
.described  above." 

Riverside. 

The  Gavilan  Mine.— Work  has  been  resum- 
ed on  the  old  Gavilan  mine,  owned  by  a  syn- 
dicate of  English  capitalists.  Considerable 
bullion  has  beeu  shipped  from  the  Briggs 
mine,  near  Winchester,  but  only  a  small  por- 
tion of  the  top  of  the  ledge  has  been  worked, 
and  preparations  are  under  way  for  carrying 
on  the  work  on  a  larger  scale. 

A  Reported  Strike. — A  strike  is  reported 
about  a  mile  south  of  the  Santa  Rosa  mine. 
At  a  depth  of  twelve  feet  the  ledge  discovered 
opened  out  to  a  width  of  six  feet.  One  assay 
of  the  ore  went  to  $130,  and  another  as  high  as 
§400  per  ton.  As  soon  as  the  fact  became 
known  the  country  fora  distance  of  12,000  feet 
all  around  was  taken  up. 

San   Keruardino. 

:  Big  Cottonwood  District.  —  Messrs. 
Sweeny  and  Muir  have  located  a  gold-bearing 
quartz  mine  in  the  Montenegro  district,  which 
they  have  named  the  llLeoti." 

It  is  located  on  base  line,  about  120  miles 
east  of  San  Bernardino,  one  mile  northwest  of 
the  McKinley  Bill  mine,  two  miles  southeast 
of  Virginia  Dale,  thirty-five  miles  from  Bag- 
dad, on  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad, 
about  fifty  miles  from  the  Southern  Pacific, 
and  about  twenty  miles  from  the  celebrated 
McHaney  mine's,  with  plenty  of  water  within 
five  miles.  It  is  a  different  ledge  and  rock 
from  the  latter,  and  is  evidently  a  portion  of 
the  ledge  of  the  Supply  mine,  located  from 
one-fourth  to  half  a  mile  from  it,  where  they 
went  down  110  feet  in  a  seven-foot  vein,  that 
averages  $05  per  ton.  The  Leoni  commences 
at  the  top  of  the  mountain  and  runs  down.  So 
steep  is  the  mountain  at  that  point  that  the 
end  of  a  tunnel  run  in  500  feet  at  the  bottom 
of  the  claim  would  be  1000  feet  from  the  sur- 
face above  it. 

The  Rose  Mine.— At  the  Rose  mine,  three 
miles  from  the  Morengo  King,  beyond  Bear 
valley,  a  large  force  of  men  is  in  a  seven-foot 
vein,  400  feet  down,  in  which  there  is  a  strip 
about  twelve  inches  in  width  yielding  from 
$300  to  $500  a  ton. 

The  Johnnie  Mine.— The  new  Huntington 
mill  at  Montgomery,  in  the  Vanderbilt  dis- 
trict, is  completed  and  the  old  one  repaired. 
Both  are  running  on  their  full  capacity  on  ore 
from  Johnnie  mine. 

The  Times-Index  of  San  Bernardino  claims 
that  gold  was  discovered  in  that  country  long 
before  the  discovery  of  gold  in  the  northern 
part  of  the  State  by  Marshall.  It  says  the 
precious  metal  was  discovered  in  the  San 
Bernardino  range  as  early  as  1841,  and  that 
the  first  shipment  of  gold  to  the  East  from 
California  came  from  that  range  of  mountains. 
The  shipment  amounted  to  over  $1000,  and  the 
gold  was  remarkable  for  its  purity.  It  also 
says  that  the  location  of  valuable  mines  in 
that  section  was  known  to  the  priests  long 
before  Marshall's  discovery  in  Northern  Cali- 
fornia. 

'Mines  in  the  Calico  district  -are  reported 
working  to  their  full  capacity,  and  the  thirty- 
stamp  mill  is  kept  running  day  and  night. 

iSoine  more  borax  deposits  have  been  partial- 
ly developed  near  Dagget. 

The  Desert  Queen. —  Times-Index;  The 
Desert  Queen,  in  the  Pinon  Mountain  dis- 
trict, was  discovered  by  the  exposure  by  the 
operations  of  nature  of  a  large  plow-out  on  the 


brow  of  a  hill.  There  the  ore  is  denuded  for 
about  ten  or  fifteen  feet  in  height  and  is 
traceable  for  several  feet  along  the  vein  uutil 
it  becomes  a  simple  stringer  at  either  end. 

The  surface  croppings  were  rich  and  the 
property  has  been  a  producer  since  its  discov- 
ery, sufficient  ore  having  been  milled  at  the 
two-stamp  mill  of  Holland  &  Tingman  to  pav 
all  expeuses  to  date.  Not  much  free  gold  ap- 
pears in  the  ore,  but  it  is  rich,  as  the  mill  re- 
turns conclusively  show. 

But  little  development  work  has  been  done 
beyoDd  the  construction  of  roads,  etc.,  for  the 
I  hauling  of  the  ore  and  bringing  in  supplies. 
The  vein  appears  to  be  quite  flat,  as  it  can  be 
traced  on  two  sides  of  the  hill.  The  develop- 
ment thus  far  bears  this  out,  as  the  incline  is 
now  about  four  feet  wide. 

The  mine  was  visited  by  F.  H.  Lane, 
of  San  Francisco,  to'  see  if  it  would  justify 
the  investment  of  $2,000,000.  It  is  only  a  pros- 
pect as  yet,  and  no  agreement  could  be* reached 
with  the  owners  as  to  developing  the  property 
before  purchasing. 

Mr.  Lane  stated  that  after  thev  had  com- 
pleted sufficient  development  work  to  demon- 
strate the  value  of  the  property  he  would 
make  auothev  visit  and  take  the  property  if 
the  showing  justified  it,  and  pav  a  good  round 
figure  for  it. 

In  the  meantime  the  owners  will  continue 
development  work,  and  soon  expect  to  have  a 
five-stamp  mill  of  their  own  at  work. 

San  Diejjo. 

The  Rice  Camp. —Several  new  strikes  are 
reported  in  the  Rice  gold  camp,  east  of  Warn- 
er's, San  Diego  county,  and  mining  men  are 
beginning  to  show  an  interest  in  the  district. 
Sierra. 
Started  Up.- The  El  Capitan  or  Rising  Sun 
Company  will  start  their  new  ten-stamp  mill 
this  week.  The  ledge  is  of  good  size  and 
looks  well. 

Siskiyou. 
MiningNotes.—  Journal:— Loveridge  &  Co., 
of  the  South  Fork  of  Scott   river,  took  out  $800 
in  two  days,    and   realize  a  steady  yield  of 
coarse  gold. 

Espey  &  Co.  have  the  foundation  ready  at 
Shasta  river  for  setting  their  200-horse  power 
pump  in  position,  to  raise  water  to  their  new 
flume  for  carrying  water  towards  Hawkins- 
ville  from  top  of  the  hill  over  500  feet  above. 
The  miners  in  the  dry  gulches  and  small 
streams  up  in  the  mountains  are  busy  wash- 
ing pay  gravel  before  the  water  gives'out. 

The  latter  part  of  last  week  Carrick  & 
Bailey  had  a  crushing  at  McCook's  mill  of 
eight  tons  of  ore  from  their  mine  at  Green- 
horn, which  yielded  $S0O. 

Songer  &  Dame,  lessees  of  the  McCoimell  & 
Quiune  or  Pacific  river  mine,  on  the  island 
just  below  the  mouth  of  Humbug  creek,  on 
the  Klamath,  are  crowding  the  work  with  a 
large  force.  They  are  putting  a  current 
wheel  in  the  river  to  operate  the  electric 
light  plant,  Jetting  the  steam  engine  furnish 
power  for  the  derrick  and  China  pump  used 
in  clearing  the  seepage  water. 
Trinity. 
Comi-anv  Formed.— Journal;  The  Trinity 
Consolidated  Mining  Company  was  incorpo- 
rated last  week  in  Red  Bluff.  W.  H.  Fowler, 
well  known  in  this  country,  is  superinten- 
dent. The  company  have  leased  a  mine  on 
Dog  creek  about  six  miles  west  from  Delta 
aud  will  work  it.  They  intend  putting  up  a 
ten-stamp  mill. 

Tuolumne. 
General    Notes. — Democrat :      F.     and    G. 
Pedro  have  taken  it  out  big  in   the  Simonich 
claim  on  Bald  mountain.     They  look  out  $700 
in  one  day. 

Geo.  Wainwright  and  partner  have  taken 
out  a  large  pocket  in  theStewart- Wainwright 
claim  on  Bald  mountain.  One  piece  of  gold 
amounted  to  $300. 

The  Keltz  mill  of  fifteen-stamps  is  in  con- 
stant operation.  Twenty-five  men  are  em- 
ployed in  the  mine  and  mill.  The  lode  is  well 
defined  and  is  yielding  handsome  profits. 

The  S.  S.  Badger  Company  are  making  ex- 
tensive preparations  to  work  the  Wilkinson 
placer  claims,  of  which  there  are  over  3000 
linear  feet  along  the  river,  and  afr.er  subsi- 
dence of  the  river  will  employ  eighty  men. 
Yuba. 
Livenino  Up. — A  company  has  been  organiz- 
ed representing  sufb'cieutcapital  to  thoroughly 
prospect  certain  claims  and  new  d'sciverios  in 
the  vicinity  of  Brown's  valley  J  C  Camp- 
bell of  Brownsville,  is  the  leader  in  1  his  ven- 
ture, and  will  have  charge  of  the  work.  Work 
will  soon  be  done  on  one  or  more  old  claims  in 
the  viciuity  of  Smartsville  and  Mooney  Flat, 
and  on  a  new  development  near  Spenceville. 
The  "  R.  C."  quartz  mine  and  mill,  located  at 
Brownsville,  will  be  started  up  again  as  soon 
as  arrangements  are  completed  for  some  new 
machinery.  The  R.  M.  Johnsou  quartz  mine 
and  mill,  located  near  Brownsville,  has  passed 
into  the  hands  of  new  owners,  or  there  has 
been  new  owners  added  who  have  the  means 
to  work  the  mine  in  a  way  to  make  it  pay 
larger  dividends.  Two  or  three  new  discover- 
ies in  the  vicinity  of  Brownsville  and  New 
York  Flat  will  be  worked  this  season,  the  pros- 
pects being  such  as  to  warrant  placing  ma- 
chinery on  them. 

NEVADA. 
Storey. 
The  Crown  Point   to  Start.  —  Hula-prise: 
Empire,  which  has  been  under  water  for  sev- 
eral days,  is  gaining  some  relief.     The  flood  is 
abating,  and  what  a  few  days  ago  promised  to     - 
become  a  veritable  Nevada  Venice  has  proved"* 
to  be  nothing  more  than  a  succession  of  m"^-: 
wastes.    The  mills  along  the  r"    &  a  »»y  /v\«l  I,  lOc. 


been  closed  down  on  accoun' 

start  up  to-morrow,  and  t 

will  put  on  its  quota  of  \:^.  ,     ,     ..,.., 

ARIZONA.  ;j        ONE -HALF 

Hassavampa  District.— The  shaK  ''**     SIZE. 
Zero  mine  in  the  Hassayampa  district  is  ^ 
nearly  one  hundred  feet  and  when  that  p 
is  reached  the  owners  will  stope  out  ore. 


T 


May  25    1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


335 


■   ■■  0  worth 
■      .    \er. 
Down. — The  old  cry  of  a  class  of  so- 
all.il  miners  of  this  section,  "  that  our  mines 
rapidly  disproved  by 
.    miners   who  have 
ben  hold  here  says  the  Journal-Miner,     it  is 
h.-  miners  ni  J  apl  the  mines  i  ha 
(own,     it  is  .i  i.u-i  however  thai  the  mines  of 
ition  abroad  «>f 
small  depth     The  Coo- 
down  1,300  feet,  the  Little  J 
>oo.  i  he  McCab 

/>  Tiki  feel   and   the  experlen t  attaining 

iroperl  lea,  where  t  in-  own- 
irs  have  had  tl  enterprise  bo  sink, 

ed  with 

li-pth     Two  &ampl<  iken  from  the 

tl  .i  depth  ol    KMJ  reel   ami   the 

Bier  from  the  McCabe  at  .t  depth  ol  81 

Bow  tha  was  good  and. strong  from 

it  is  a  BUlphuret  ore  and 

HO  per   ton  In  gold.    The  sample  from 

Ee   McCabe   mine,   while   being  smaller    in 

Clckness,  weighed  aboul  five  pounds  and  waa  ■ 

»»>.Hlf     tWl 

Wants  Damage  Geo  Gicker,  ol  White 
Hills,   has  brought    -  I    the   White 

Hills  Mining  Company  for  610,001 rof  the 

U)[>  workmen  on  the  <  Irand  Arntj  mine  pushed 
■  oar  dow  □  the  incline  shaft  that 
Bushed  Mr.  *  tickers  leg  so  badly  that  it  had 
to  be  amputated  above  the  knee, 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA, 

A  Bcsi  Sw  nos.  Never  were  so  many  men 
fcawlng  pay  in  Kootenai  as  now,  says  the 
Eelsoo  rrtbuns.  The  payrolls  arc  nol  all  at 
me  place  At  Rosaland  the  pa$  rollsof  the 
Bines  and  local  enterprises  will  aggregate 
11,000  a  day;  at  Nelson  and  immediate  vicinity, 
M00:al  Pilot  Bay,  $450;  at  Alnsworth,  6350; 
at  Kaslo,  the  building  of  1  he  ICaslo  &  Slocan 
railwav  will  u*8  be  dis- 

mrsed  for  several  months;  in  the  Slocan,  the 
pay  mils  will  aggregate  R>00  a  day  even  now 
win -n  lin  I. ■'in  ire  is  being  done  than  dead  work 
B  .i  1 1  >  of  the  mines  It  is  safe  to  say  that  the 
im  ints  for  wages  ins  iutb.ern  Kootenai 
Kgregate  $120,000  a  month.  And  what  is  bet- 
Er  atni,  the  mines  of  the  country  are  produc- 
ing every  dollar  that  is  being  disbursed. 
COLORADO. 

Tin:  Florence  Redui  i  ion  Wouks. — The 
United  States  Economia  Reduction  Works, 
dpmpleted  some  time  ago,  but  which  have  been 
undergoing'  a  series  of  changes,  are  announced 
fts  a  complete  success  in  every  particular. 
ffhese  works  have  just  finished  two  indepen- 
Ent  runs  to  extract  the  gold  from  the  ore 
which  had  previously  been  pulverized  and 
roasted,  and  the  trouble  of  successfully  filter- 
ing this  ore  has  been  fully  overcome.  These 
jvorks  embody  nine  radically  new  features  in 
ore  treatment  aud  the  first  of  the  kind  ever 
erected,  hence  not  only  the  construction  of  the 
machines,  but  the  entire  arrangement  and 
gelation  tu  each  other  had  to  be  fixed  and 
decided  upon  without  being  able  to  refer  to 
any  other  existing:  mill.  In  spite  of  this  fact 
all" of  the  changes  which  the  company  was  com- 
pelled to  make  could  have  been  made  in  a 
week's  time  had  the  material  therefor  been 
quickly  available.  The  works  which  are  now 
arranged  for  chlorination  principally  will  now 
receive  further  apparatus  so  as  to  fit  them  for 
♦he   treatment  of  ores  by  any    wet  process, 

i  which  means  the  expenditure  of  considerable 
more  money.  The  capacity  of  the  entire  plant 
Will  be  doubled,  being  increased  From  10i)  tons 

tllaily  to  '200  tons  and  no  effort  will  be  made  to 
run*  the  plant  until  the  additions  have  been 
made,  which  will  require  about   two  mouths' 

ll  ime. 

IDAHO. 

In  the  C(EUR  d'Alenes.— The  situation 
around  Wardner  is  unchanged  aud  will  re- 
main so  until  a  definite  reply  is  received  from 
the  officers  of  the  Bunker  Hill  and  Sullivan 
Mining  Company.  This  answer;  it  is  ex- 
pected, will  be  brought  by  Manager  Bradley 
himself,  who  last  week  was  in  Nevada  county, 
this  State,  where  he  has  a  gold  property  of 
his  own.  He  has  not  severed  his  connection 
feith  the  Bunker  Hill,  and  it  is  understood 
i  aat  when  the  mine  starts  he  will-be  on  hand 
m  superintend  the  first  turningof  the  wheels. 
The  openly  expressed  opinion  of  Wardnerites 
•s  that  when  the  mine  is  ready  to  start  it 
■  ill  be  given  safe  conduct  through  any  pos- 
•  ble  turbulent  times  that  may  ensue. 
OREGON. 

Josephine  County. — John  C.  Lewis,  who 
has  spent  a  lar^e  sum  in  developing  his  mines 
in  Mount  Reuben  district,  has  struck  a  body 
of  rich  ore  at  a  depth  of  100  feet. 

Clackamas  County.— Within  the  past  week 
fifteen  mining  claims  have  been  located  in  the 
neighborhood  of  the  Red  Rock  lode,  near  the 
headwaters  of  the  Clackamas  river. 

BAKER   00. 

Crocker  Ckeek  District.— On  the   Eureka 
and  Excelsior  mine  80  stamps   are  in   opera- 
tion.    The  ore  is  base   aud   difficult  to   treat, 
A  20-stamp   mill   is   being  operated    on    ores 
which  are  concentrated   aud    the   sulphurets 
fhipped   to  the  smelters.     A  10-stamp  mill  is 
running  on  ores  on  which  the   cyanide  process 
is  being  worked,  this  being  th-  first  instance 
of    the"  successful    working    of    the    cyanide 
process  in  the  treatment  of  Oregon  ores.     A 
't-eat  deal  of  money  has  been  spent  in  experi- 
mting  with  ores  from  the  E.   *fc   E.    mines, 
3  carload  shipments  have  been  sent  to  Den- 
itte.  Eastern  and  even  European  cities 
■Rented   with  in  an  endeavor  to 
•ill  method  of  treating  the  lower 
reat    Loss.      The 
seems   to  have 
-ies   are  now 

nich  is  a"  southerly 
u  j  „<  and  Excelsior,  has 
iiyUr  roped  and  operated  suc- 
i  .years.  The  ores  uncov- 
4.owri  in  both  quantity  and  quality 
is  one  of  the  large  and  valuable 
of  the  district.     An  extensive  ex- 


Lon  plant  will   be 
this  year,    s  from  the  Colum 

r   ton     <  Considerable 

work  is  being  done  on   tins  and 

Beveral  other  properties  in  the  C  acker  Creek 

l*i  v  br   Mines  m   Glbndalb      William  H. 

Taylor,   manager  and  owner  of  the   Victory 

..i  i  ilendale,  in  soul  hern  i  Oregon, 

■    BtrW  k.  and  Wll  liin  B  week 

will   be  working  an  truo bedrock      Xht   gold 
found  therein,  assa  le  from  twenty 

places  along  the  new  out,  just  completed,  gave 
us  940.8   fine,   and   weighing  over  fifty  rents 

per  cubic  yard." 

801  Til  DAKOTA. 

'Pur   Highest  Assay. —  Ptotuer;     The    new 
find    in    the   Dead  broke   tunnel    on    itlaektail 
the  record  for  high  assaying.    The  tun- 
nel is  in  something  like    I. nun  feet   and  a  blaok 
slimy  sorl  of  stud  was  encountered  which  slid 

through  the  bat  t cries  and  over  the  plate-.     An 

assaj  ol  the  stuff  was  made  and  it  was  found 
to  i"'  olay  and  plumbago  carrying  gold  to  the 
value  of  171,000  per  ton.  ft  is  nol  known  bow 
large  the  pockel  is,  or  bow  soon  i'  will  be  gone. 
The  tunnel  matter  is  cement  and  the  clay  and 
plumbago  lie  on  bedrock  in  a  small  vein. 
There  may  be  a  ton  or  more  of  it  and  then 
there  may  be  only  a  hundred  pounds  or  SO. 
IiTAH. 

The  Eureka-Hill.— Within  the  week  the 
twenty  additional  stamps  for  the  mill  of  the 
Eureka  Hill  will  he  received  at  Eureka. 
With  the  addii ion  of  t hese  twenty  stamps 
the  mill  of  the  Eureka-Hill  will  be  of  sixty 
stamps  capacity,  one  of  the  largest  in  the 
territory.  No  new  pans  are  necessary,  the 
plant  now  being  equipped  with  pans  and 
power  sufficient  to  take  care  of  eighty  stamps. 

A  i'ivi mi  Scheme. —Some  months  ago  the 
Vrtbum  gave  some  attention  to  the  Uintah 
Mining  Company t  and  expressed  the  opinion 
that  its  promoters  had  accomplished  a  most 
remark  ime  achievement  iu  financiering. 
Owning  uothing  but  a  lease  and  bond  on  a 
mortgaged  interest  in  the  Dolberg  group  of 
mines,  they  bad  incorporated  a  company,  with 
a  eapita!  of  $6,400,000,  and  actually  succeeded 
in  selling  considerable  stock  in  the  East.  The 
Record  has  made  an  investigation  of  the 
Uintah  Company,  with  the  following  result: 

The  office,  works  and  hoarding-house  were 
all  visited,  and  not  a  soul  was  to  be  found 
anywhere,  the  whole  works  having  been  de- 
serted. After  diligent  inquiry  at  the  sur- 
rounding mines,  and  from  men  working  in  the 
immediate  vicinity,  it  was  learned  that  the 
two  men  who  had  been  left  in  charge  after 
work  had  practically  been  abandoned,  had 
pulled  up  stakes  Sunday  last  and  moved  out, 
In  fact,  while  there  has  been  a  pretense  of 
working  the  property  all  winter,  very  little 
has  been  accomplished,  and  no  real  showing 
has  been  made  for  the  time  put  in.  It  looks 
very  much  as  if  a  small  force  had  been  kept  at 
the  property  more  as  a  blind  than  with  any 
evident  intention  of  honestly  developing  the 
ground,  and  the  men  employed  at  adjacent 
works  all  say  there  appears  to  be  something 
wrong  about  the  company.  Timbers  and  sup- 
plies have  been  secured  on  credit,  and  never 
paid  for,  while  one  of  the  men  who  formerly 
worked  for  the  company  says  it  owes  more 
than  SI 000  for  wages;  that  no  ore  was  cut  in 
the  shaft,  and  that  the  company  is  no  good. 

WASHINGTON. 

Metalline  District. — Metalline  remained 
dormant  for  ten  years  but  now  promises 
activity.  Stages  will  run  across  the  range  to 
the  once-isolated  Metalline  camp,  on  the  Pend 
d' Oreille  river.  Preparations  are  also  being 
made  to  open  the  river  through  Box  canyon  to 
admit  of  steamer  transportation  from  New- 
port, on  the  Great  Northern,  down  the  river 
to  Metalline,  which  will  then  be  the  foot  of 
navigation  on  that  river. 

The  ore  in  the  camp  is  mostly  galena  and  is 
heavily  charged  with  silver,  ft  has  always 
been  classed  as  a  low-grade  camp,  in  which 
the  assays  would  show  from  60  to  70  per  cent 
lead  and  a  dozen  ounces  of  silver  to  the  ton. 

Placer  work  has  been  the  chief  pursuit  in 
Metalline  since  it  was  first  known,  and  trap- 
pers and  prospectors  have  divided  their  time 
between  hunting  and  mining.  The  deposits 
of  gravel  on  the  east  side  of  the  river  are  rich 
in  gold,  and  much  ground  has  been  found 
which  will  average  50  cents  in  gold  to  the 
cubic  yard.  At  the  mouth  of  one  of  the  creeks 
putting  into  the  Pend  d' Oreille  just  above 
the  obstruction  to  navigation  in  the  river, 
above  Metalline,  is  a  delta  formed  from  the 
washings  from  the  mountains  that  is  pro- 
nounced the  richest  deposit  in   that  country. 


WANTED. 


A  man  who  bas  had  experience  with  White  & 
Howell  Roaster,  for  mine  in  Mexico 

Address,  staling  references  and  wages  expected, 
13nx  H,  this  office. 


Hoskins'  Patent 


Hydro-Carbon 

BlOW-Pipe  and 
Assay  Furnaces. 


No  dust.  No  ashes, 
Cheap,  effective,  eco- 
nomical,portable  and 

automatic. 


SEND  FOR  PRICE  LIST  TO 

W.  HOSKINS, 81  ^&giI?o?ta£oom 51' 

ANY  ONE  KNOWING  THE  ADDRESS  OF 

GEORGE  P.  HARRIS 

Will  cbn'er  a  favor  on  the  undersigned  by  writing 
the  desired  information  to  the  address  given  be- 
low. Mr,  Harris  left  Albany  tnree  or  four  years 
as»o  for  Colorado,  and  a  letter  of  inquiry  to  his 
brother  eliciied  the  information  that  his  address 
was  Trinity  Centre,  Trinity  Co.,  Oal.,  but  a  letter 
addressed  to  him  there  was  returned  marked  '  un- 
called for."       E.  J   LANNING,  Albany,  Oregon. 


nerralls'  Hydraulic  Quartz  Hill 


Superior  to  any  other  Wet  Mill 
now  in  existence. 


A  PLAIW.CHEAP.PRACTICAL 

MACHIHE 

That  will  pay  for  itself  in  a 

Bhori  time  by  Its  very  high 

percentage  of  gold 

saving. 


W.  A.  HERRALLS,  Inventor  and  Owner, 


i; 18,  Third  Floor,  Mills  HuihlhiK 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 


121  Euclid  Ave,,  CLEVELAND,  0. 


Caxton  Blk„  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


^y%^w^^N^--s^    Office  Ol  TlIECLKVK 
\LTIES:  >  Paint  Co.  and  Ti 

ERANDAM.       SSSPV"  c 


SPECf 

AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM 
BALL  PULVERIZER. 


f  The  Clkvkland  Ihon  Oke  i 
The  Garry  Iron 
Cleveland.,  u.. 


The  An 


\ 


rican  Mining  A  Milling  Machinery 

< ;,.,  I'lnvlMii'h  ".: 

Gentlemen:— We  purchased  a  No.  2 

American  itock  Breaker  and  a  No.  2 

American    Bail    Pulverizer    from    your 

eon  i  puny  about  one  year  a  pro.  The  latter 

part  of  April.    1893,   we    started   up  for 

regular    work,    since    which    time    we 

have  run  both  of  said   machines  to  the 

full  extent  of  our  demands  and  to  our 

entire  satisfaction.    The  first  TOO  tons  of 

hard  iron  ore  that  we  pulverized  for 

paint    purposes    was    ground    without 

taking  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  with- 
out expending-  one  dollar  for  repairs  for 

either   of    these    machines.    Of  the  700 

tons  spoken  of,  about  200  tons  was  Luke 

Superior  Specular  Iron  ore.  containing 

some  TO  per  cent  iron:  a  very  difficult 
The  remainder  was  a  red  fossillferous  Irou  ore. 
■cent  of  silex.  which  cuts  out  buhr-stones  rapidly. 
We  liml  that  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when  new  ft  in.  in  diametei 
now  caliper  -17h  in.,  and  are  perfectly  round  and  smooth.  The  grJndin. 
track  shows  very  little  wear,  and  the  driving  track  shows  less;  in 
fact,  the  wear  is  almost  imperceptible.  These  two  machines  crush  and 
pulverize  more  than  one  ton  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.  We  do 
not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  compare  with  the  output  of  these  two  machines  in  quan- 
tity, quality,  small  amount  of  wear  and  tear,  and  like  power.  In  our  opinion,  you  cannot  recommend 
them  too  highly.    Very  truly  yours,  Cleveland  IRON  Ohe  Paint  Co 


The  simplest,  cheapest  and 
best  machines  In  llie  mar- 
ket. Pulverize  wet  or  dry 
to  any  degree  of  fineness. 
Make  little  or  no  slimes  in 
wet  nor  dust  In  dry  work. 
Four  sizes,  capacity  from  3 

to  6i»  tons  per  day. 

SEND     FOR     CATALOGUE. 

Cable  Address,  American. 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal ) 

Awarded  by  World's 

Fair,  1893. 


to  pulv 


u 


THE  AM.  BALL  PULVERIZER 
Morris  Patent. 


GEAR  CUTTING 

/\     SPECIALTY. 

Fine  Work  at  Bedrock  Rates. 

SPUR,  BEVEL,  and  WORM  GEARS  of  any 
pitch  or  size  up  to  50  Inches. 

<<<<    TAPS  AND  REAMERS  GROUND.    >>>> 

Experimental  Machinery  and  Repair  Work  of  all  kinds. 

P.  T.  TAYLOR  &  CO., 

533  Mission  Street,  -  -  San  Francisco    Cal. 


Thomas  Price  &  Son, 

Assay  Office,  Sampling  Works 

And  Chemical  Laboratory. 

524  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


220  Market  S!., 
SAN  FRANCISCO, 


DEWEY  &  CO., 

PATENT  SOLICITORS. 


ESTABLISHED  1863 


Inventors  on  the  Pacific  Coast  will  find  it  greatly  to  their  advantage  to  consult  this  old  experienced, 
first-class  agency.  We  have  able  and  trustworthy  associate?  and  agents  in  Washington  and  tne  capi- 
tal cities  of  the  principal  nations  of  the  world.  In  connection  with  our  scientific  and  Patent  Jbaw  li- 
brary and  record  of  original  oases  in  our  office,  we  hive  other  advantages  far  beyond  those  which  can 
he  offered  home  inventors  by  other  agencies.  The  information  accumulated  through  long  and  careful 
practice  before  the  Office,  and  the  frequent  examination  of  patents  already  granted,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  patentability  of  inventions  brought  before  up  enables  us  to  give  advice  which  will 
save  inventors  tbe  expense  of  implying  for  patents  upon  inventions  which  are  not  new.  Circulars  and 
advice  sent  free  on  receipt  of  postage.    Address  DEWEY  &  CO.,  Patent  Agents.  220  Market  St.,  S.P. 


860  ACRES  OF  MINERAL  LAND 

FOR     SrtL-E. 

Lead,  Zinc,  Onyx  and  Marble.    Three  miles  from 

Mississippi  River  in  St.  Genevieve  County. 

PRICE,    $30,000. 

PHIL.  A.  HAFNER,  Benton,  Mo. 


Carlisle  Gold   Mining  District. 

I  have  six  quartz  claims  on  two  paraLlei  leads, 
4500x1200.  for  sale  upon  reasonable  terms.  Large 
ledge;  ore  goes  $10  per  ton.  Will  sell  for  cash  or 
on  a  milling  proposition.  Location,  Clifton,  Ari- 
zona, close  to  Carlisle  District.  Send  for  synop- 
tical, report. 

J.     JF.    CROSEXT, 

6S&   Sacramento  Sr Sun  Frano'weo. 


336 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  25,    1895. 


The     Old    and    the    New    in    Hydraulic    F*t*actiee\ 


The  wheel  illustrated  on  this  page  is 
of  the  type  commonly  known  as  the 
overshot  or  gravity  wheel,  and  is  un- 
questionably the  largest  and  most  ex- 
pensive water  wheel  ever  constructed. 
It  is  located  at  Laxey,  on  the  Isle  of 
Man,  a  small  island  in  the  Irish  sea,  off 
the  west  coast  of  England. 

The  wheel  is  72  feet  tf"  inches  in  diam- 
eter, and  is  supposed  to  develop  about 
150-H.  P.,  which  is  transmitted  several 
hundred  feet  by  means  of  wooden 
trussed  rods  having  supports  at  regular 
intervals,  to  the  bottom  of  which  are 
attached  small  wheels  running  on  iron 
ways,  for  the  purpose  of  lessening  fric- 
tion. The  power  thus  transmitted 
operates  a  system  of  pumps  in  a  lead 
mine,  the  duty  of  which  is  raising  250 
srallons  of  water  per  minute  an  eleva- 
tion of  1200  feet.  The  water  is  brought 
some  distance  to  the  wheel  in  an  under- 
ground conduit,  and  is  carried  up  the 
masonry  tower  by  pressure,  flowing 
over  the  top  into  the  buckets. 

This  great  wheel  was  constructed 
some  forty  years  ago,  and  is  said  to 
have  been  running  continuously  during 
all  this  time.  It  is  the  great  attraction 
of  the  place,  hundreds  of  visitors  mak- 
ing the  trip  to  the  island  every  year  to 
see  it. 

The  illustration  referred  to  affords  a 
very  good  idea  of  the  progress  made 
since  that  time  in  hydraulic  engineer- 
ing, and  is  reproduced  for  the  purpose 
of  showing,  by  way  of  comparison,  the 
advantages  of  the  modern  and  now  gen- 
erally accepted  method  kuown  as  the 
Pelton  system  of  power. 

The  little  cut  in  the  upper  corner  rep- 
resents a  Pelton  wheel  of  corresponding 
capacity  under  similar  conditions  of 
head  and  water  supply,  being  drawn  to 
the  same  scale. 

The  extraordinary  results  obtained 
from  this  well-known  wheel  are  due  to 
the  peculiar  shape  of  the  buckets  into 
which  the  water  is  directed  from  one  or 
more  nozzles,  so  that  the  full  energy 
due  to  its  head  or  fall  is  transferred 
into  the  inertia  of  the  wheel.  The 
power  represented  by  the  force  of  the 
water  is  thus  converted  into  mechanical 
movement  almost  entirely  without  fric- 
tion, the  buckets  simply  taking  the 
energy  out  of  the  stream  and  leaving 
the  water  inert  under  the  wheel. 

The  efficiency  of  the  Laxey  wheel- 
taking  resistance  into  account  —  it  is 
estimated  cannot  be  more  than  G5%  of 
the  theoretical  power,  while  the 
Pelton  will  develop  fully  20%  more,  and 
in  size  and  appearance  is  a  mere  toy  as 
compared  to  the  ponderous  piece  of  ma- 
chinery shown,  with  is  massive  column, 
arches,  and  stone  foundations. 

The  most  striking  contrast,  however, 
will  be  seen  in  the  matter  of  cost, 
which  is  so  much  less  as  to  make  a  com- 
parison almost  absurd.  While  no  data  is  at 
hand  in  regard  to  this,  it  is  apparent  that  it 
would  be  at  least  as  one  to  fifty  in  favor  of 
the  Pelton. 

Such  an  object  lesson  is  of  value  in  showing 
the  wonderful  progress  made  in  engineering 
practice    during    the    last    half    century,    in 


Formosa's  Unknown  interior. 


The  interior  of  Formosa  is  appar-l 
ently  still  but  little  known,  the  Chinese! 
authority  being  limited  to  the  western! 
coast  country,  the  extreme  northern 
part  and  a  narrow  §trlp  of  the  east  I 
coast.  The  Chinese  are  gradually ! 
working  their  way  inland,  cutting  down  I 
the  forests  and  replacing  tbem  with  in- 
digo and  tea  plantations.  Much  of  the^ 
soil  is  extraordinarily  fertile.  In  some 
places  there  are  three  rice  harvests  in 
a  year,  and  tea  leaves  are  picked  three 
times — in  many  places,  indeed,  seven 
times — a  year.  Anthracite  coal  oV 
good  quality  is  found  in  large  quanti- 
ties, and  close  to  the  sea — a  thing  of 
great  importance  to  maritime  powers 
like  Japan.  Alluvial  gold  has  also  been 
discovered  in  the  beds  of  some  of  the 
northern  streams.  The  Chinese  have 
built  a  railroad  from  the  port  of  Ke- 
lung,  a  distance  of  about  100  miles,  to 
a  town  near  the  west  coast. 


j  bringing  the  forces  of  nature  into  subjection, 
i  making  them  subservient  to  commercial  and 
j  industrial  purposes. 

The  Pelton  system  of  power  has  now  come 

1  into  use  in  every  civilized    country   on   the 

|  globe,  and  is  conceded  to  he  one   of   the   most 

useful,  as  well  as  most  illustrious,  inventions 


this  country  has  ever  produced,  making  possi- 
ble the  utilization  of  this  great  natural  mo- 
tive force  under  all  conditions  and  for  every 
variety  of  service,  with  a  useful  effect  never 
before  obtained,  and  in  so  simple  a  way  that 
machinery  may  be  said  to  be  almost  dispensed 
with. 


For  Tired  Eves. — Take  a  cup  brinv 
ful  of  water.  Add  sufficient  salt  to  be 
just  perceptible  to  the  taste.  Hold 
your  eyes  to  the  water  so  that  your 
lashes  touch  it,  then  wink  once  and  the 
eyes  will  be  suffused.  Do  not  wipe 
them.  This  so  refreshes  the  eyes  that 
they  feel  like  a  new  pair.  Do  not  for- 
get the  good  old  rule— as   soon   as  you 

feel  your  6yes,"  stop  using  them.  By 
following  this  treatment,  very  little 
time  will  be  wasted  waiting  for  tired 
eyes. 

Modern  industry  has  a  foothold  in 
the  Arctic  regions.  Mines  are  worked 
on  a  large  scale  and  a  railroad  regu- 
larly operated  in  such  high  latitudes. 
This  is  the  case  in  Sweden,  where  the 
Lulea-Gellivare  Railroad,  built  for  the 
purpose  of  carrying  iron  ore  from  the 
Gellivare  mines  to  the  seaport  of  Lulea, 
extends  fifty  miles  above  the  Arctic 
circle  and  enjoys  the  distinction  of  be- 
ing the  first  railroad  to  open  up  the 
frigid  zone. 

Gladstone  computes  that  the  hab- 
itual speakers  of  the  English  language 
have  increased  from  15,000,000  to 
105,000,000  during  the  last  100  years, 
and  that  they  will  number  120,000,000 
by  the  end  of  the  year  1900.  At  that 
rate  of  increase,  which  is  seven-fold 
each  century,  such  speakers  will  in- 
clude not  less  than  840,000,000  by  the 
end  of  the  year  2000. 


(INSULATING  TAPE.!  Attention    Miners  ! 

P.  &  B.  ARMATURE  VARNISH. 


ELECTRICAL  COMPOUND. 


STANDARD  OF  EXCELLENCE— USED  IN  ALL  FIRST-CLASS  ELECTRICAL  WORK. 

Samples  and  Circulars  on  application. 

PAPA  ITEIWE  P  A  I\TT  C  A  116  BATTERY  STREET>  san  francisco. 

r  AlVArriliC  r  Alii  1    LU.  221  SOUTH  BROADWAY,  LOS  ANGELES. 

Sole  Manufacturers  of  P.  &  B.  Paints,  Roofing,  Building  Papers. 


MINERS'     FAVORITE  j 

Perkins  Double-Acting 
PLUNGER    PUMPS. 

Capacity  2000  to  20.000 
g-als.  per  hour.  Especially 
adapted  for  mines.  Will 
raise  water  any  height 
or  distance  and  can  tie 
worked  p  u  c  c  e  s  s  f  n  1 1  y 
under  every  possible  situ- 
ation. Pumps  sand  and 
water.  No  cylinder  or 
pisions  to  wear  out.  For 
all  particulars  send  to  the 


PERKINS  PUMP  AND  ENGINE  CO.,   1  IT  Main  Street,  San  Francisco. 


W.  W.  MONTAGUE  &  CO. 

. ARE    MANUFACTURERS    OP 

Riveted  Iron  and  Steel 

Water  Pipe 

For  Hydraulic  Mining,  Mills  and  rower  Plants. 

IRON,  CUT,  PUNCHED  AND  FORMED,  AND  TOOLS  SUPPLIED  FOR  MAKING  PIPE  ON  THE 
GROUND  WHERE  REQUIRED, 

309  to  317  riarket  Street,  San  Francisco. 

^Wining    F*ipe ! 


QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1,      -      *»  California  Street. 
SAN  FRANOJ800, 


TUBBS  CORDAGE  CO. 

(A  CORPORATION.) 

Constantly  on  hand  a  full  assortment  of  Manila 
Rope,  Sisal  Rope,  Duplex  Rope,  Tarred  Manila 
Rope,  Hay  Rope,  Whale  Line,  etc.,  etc.  a^Iflxtrn 
sizes  an4  lengths  made  to  prder  on  short  notice. 

«U  »»5  MS  FJJQNT  ST,,  Stan   FrancUen,  C»J, 


SrHrt£5.l5^S(nJ£eS  none  °'  eUller'  bUt  recommend  STEEL'  »  *•«»«  ^°™t  «o  •«*  in  man, 
C°'a™MaUnIe  US6  gr6iU  Cttre  ln  COATING  ow  P»P«  with  .BOT  solution  pf  Rouble  Reaped  Asphaltum 
COMPETITORS.-Our  competitors  say  we  have  the  best  appointed  Pipe  Shop  op  the  Coast 

SCHAW,  INGRAM,  BATCHER  &  CO,,  Harchyare  Merchants, 

SACRAMENTO,  CAL, 


DEWEY  &  CO.,  PATENT  SOLICITORS, 


May  25,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


337 


aftsywtftvivaw 


*   &?  FOR  ALL  PURPOSES  3- 

Wi  ^  l  I^o  p e.  Ti\^m  WaVs  . 

-#TRENTON,N-J.^ 

C  N.Y.  OTFICE 

COOPtRHEWtTT&CO.-IT  BURLINC  SLIP 
■    Chicago   office'  Oy.  r-  iii*monm>hockb'io'< 


Selby  Smelting 
Lead  Company, 

4  he  Montgomery  street.  Bun  Francisco. 

Gold   and    Silver    Refinery 

AND 

Assay     Office. 

HIGHKST  PRICKS   PAID  FOR  GOLD,  SILVER 
AND  LEAD  ORES  AND  SULPHURETS. 


Manufacturers  of 

BLUKSTONK,     LEAD    PIPE,     SHEET     LEAD, 

SHOT,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Also  Manufacturers  of 
STANI>AKD     SHOT-GUN    CARTRIDGES, 

Under  Chamberlin  Patent. 


Power, 

Hining,    Hilling, 

Smelting,   Concentration 

and  Leaching  Hachinery;  Re 

turn    Tubular    and    Water   Tube 

Boilers,  Corliss  Engines,  Jones' Me 

chanical    Stokers,    Hoisting    Engines, 

Riedler  Air  and  Gas  Compressors,  Ried= 

ler    Pumping    and     Blowing    Engines, 

Cornish  Pumps,   Roots  Blowers,  Copper 

Converters,  Pyritic  Smelters,  Horseshoe 

Roasting     Furnaces,    Comet    Crushers, 

Crushing   Rolls,   Stamp   Mills,   Shoes, 

Dies,    Perforated    Hetals,    Sectional 

Hachinery,  Huntington  Hills,  Frue 

Vanners,    Bridgman    Samplers, 

Concrete  Mixers,  Heavy  Ha 

chinery  and   Mine    Sup< 

plies.  =  =  Write  for 

Catalogues 


Works  at  Chicago,  ill.,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Erith,  Kent,  Eng. 

Branch   Offices:    2  Wall  St.,  New  York;   City  of  Mexico,  Mex.; 

527  17th  St.,  Denver,   Colo.;  Helena,  Montana; 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


FRASER  &  CHALMERS 


CHICAGO,  ILL.,  U.  S.  A.  and 

43  Threadneedle  St.,  E.  C,  London,  Eng. 


John  Taylor  &  Co. 

Importers  and  Dealers  in 

Assayers'  Materials, 

Mine  eiricl   /Will    Supplies. 

Also  Chemicals,  and  Physical,  School  and 

Chemical  Apparatus. 

63  &  05  First  St..  Cor.  Mission,  San  Francisco. 

^-^      We  would  call  the  attention  ^sz -^. 

"    C  or  Assayers,  Chemists,  Min-  Z<Z&££$z2-) 
ing  Companies,  Milling  Com-  X^ft-rTrDcE*' 
panies.   Prospectors,  etc.,   to     Ng-iz!^/ 
our    full    stock    or    Balances, 
Fumuces,  Muffles,  Crucibles,  ScorLflers,  etc. 
including,  also,  a  full  stock  of  Chemicals. 

Having  been  eugaged  in  furnishing  these 
supplies  since  the  first  discovery  of  mines 
f      on  the  Pacific  Coast,  we  feel  confident  from 
i      our  experience  we  can  well  suit  the  demand 
for  these  goods,  both   as    to   quality  and 
price. 
1     Agents  of  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  and 
for   the    Morgan  Crucible  Co.,  Battersea, 
England.    Also  for  E.  G.  Dennlston's  Sil- 
ver Plated  Amalgam  Plates.    The  plates  of  this 
well-known  manufacturer  are  thoroughly  reliable,  ] 
and    full    weight   of   Silver   guaranteed.     Orders  | 
taken  at  his  lowest  prices.    Our  Illustrated  Cata- 
logue and  Assay  Tables  sent  free  on  application. 
JOHN  TAYLOR  &  CO. 


Electrical  Engineering  Co., 


■  MANUFACTURERS    OP  - 


Dynamos  and 

Electric  flotors 

FOR  THE  TRANSMISSION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  OF  POWER. 

Electric  Power  Apparatus 


OFFICE     MIND     WORKS 


Quartz  Mills,  Hoisting,  Pumping,  Drilling, 

And  all  Mining  Work  where  Long  Distance  Transmission  is  required 

*-*♦  A    SPECIALTY.  ♦♦•♦ 
ncl     36     JWain     Street,      San     Francisco,     Cal. 


Til!  McGlew  Ore  Concentrator  Company. 

CHEAPEST,  SIMPLEST,  MOST  DURABLE  AND  CLOSEST  SAVING  CONCENTRATOR  IN  USE.      prank  barrere,  secretary  and  Manager 


PATENTED  SEPTEMBER  19,  1898. 

Can  be  seen  In  operation  at  the  Company's  works,  133 
Main  Street,  San  Franeisoo. 

Office,  116  Davis  Street. 


NINETY-FOUR  AND  ONE-HALF  PER  CENT 

SAVED  

ON  ORES  DIFFICULT  TO  CONCENTRATE. 

A  MARVEL  of  Simplicity.  Durability  ami  Effectiveness 
combining  both  Side  and  End  Motion  with  a  Bumping 
Belt. 

SPEED  AND  INCLINE  of  bull  and  amount  of  PER- 
CUSSION easily  and  quickly  regulated.  WHILST  IN 
OPERATION. 

CAPACITY  about  ten  tons.  Only  one-tenth  horse  power 
required.    Adapted  for  either  canvas  or  rubber  belts. 

PK1CE IS350  EACH 

Including'  prepared  can vns  belt  J  it.  i>  ins.  wide. 


FaixsMi.ve,  Igo,  Shasta  Co..  Cai,.,  May  25th,  1SHX 
The  McGi.ew  Coscextratok  OOMPANT:— I  take  much 
pleasure  in  endorsing  your  very  superior  Ore  Concen- 
trator. When  I  was  requested  tu  examine  your  concen- 
trator, I  did  so  under  protest,  declaring  that  I  would  have 
none  other  than  a  Frue.  as  after  many  years'  experience 
with  different  concentrators,  I  believed  them  to  be  the 
beat. 

Now,  after  a  thorough  trial  of  the  MeGlew  Ore  Concen- 
trator, on  ores  difficult  of  concentration.  I  emphatically 
pronounce  il  the  best  concentrator  of  any  I  have  ever 
used  in  handling  my  ores.  It  Is  dotng  CLEANER  and 
CLOSER  work  than  I  had  believed  possible  for  any  con- 
centrator to  accomplish. 

Samples  of  pulp  and  tailings,  taken  every  hour,  dried, 
mixed  and  assayed,  show  *  *  *  from  West  ledge,  a 
saving  by  your  concentrator  of  'M'4  per  cent:  from  East 
ledge.    *    *    *    a  saving  of  92  per  cent.    The  coucentr;  '    ~ 


runs  very  easy  and  requtr 
man  attends  to  rock  breaker 

You  have  a  good  concentrator,  ant 
to  handle  any  ore  that  wilt  concentr 

recommend  it  lo  (he  mining  public. 

E.  L.  BALLOU.  Propr.  B:illo 


but  slight  attentloi 
■usher  and  cuncenlral 


One 


MINING,  IRON  AND  WOODWORKING 

MACHINERY  AND  SUPPLIES 

INGERSOLL-SERGEANT  PISTON  INLET  AIR  COMPRESSORS  AND   ROCK  DRILLS 

ENGINES  AND  BOILERS 


21  AND  23  FREMONT  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL 


Mining  and  Scientific  hKEss. 


May  25,  1896. 


Market  Reports. 


The  Markets. 


San  Francisco,  May  23,  1895. 
There  is  a  general  advance  and  a  firmer  de- 
mand in  all  the  metals.  Latest  New  York 
advices  report  considerable  excitement  in 
various  branches  of  the  metal  market  and 
rapid  movement  in  prices.  Operations  in  cop- 
per, chiefly  in  London, .  averaged  over  3000 
tons  per  day.  Speculation  was  stimulated  by 
reports  that  American  producers  had  decided 
to  limit  the  amount  of  copper  they  would  ship 
to  Europe,  and  that  foreign  producers  had 
practically  agreed  to  restrict  their  output 
about  7%  per  cent.  In  neither  instance,  how- 
ever, diet  anything  more  than  a  qualified  ver- 
bal agreement  seem  to  be  made,  and  it  appears 
that  one  prominent  mining  company  withdrew 
.from  the  compact  because  of  improvement  in 
their  sales  at  home  and  abroad,  and  favorable 
outlook  for  the  future. 

This  was  the  signal  for  a  bear  raid  in  the 
London  market  and  the  circulation  of  reports 
calculated  to  harm  outside  operators  who  are 
not  well  informed  as  to  the  true  situation  on 
this  side  of  the  Atlantic,  and  prices  receded 
in  London.  Meanwhile  considerable  business 
was  effected  in  New  York,  not  only  with  con- 
sumers but  among  dealers  as  well.  The  Cal- 
umet and  Hecla  Company,  it  is  understood, 
has  sold  its  entire  product  up  to  and  including 
July,  and  some  of  the  other  Lake  Superior 
companies  are  as  comfortably  situated,  while 
the  Arizona  and  Montana  producers  are  in 
such  position  that  they  do  not  compete  for 
business  as  sharply  as  usual.  The  increase  in 
consumption  of  copper  has  been  largest  amohg~ 
manufacturers  of  electrical,  .supplies,  but 
manufacturers  of  sheathing,  brass,  tubmg, 
etc.,  have  been  enjoying  a  brisk  trade  and 
purchased  crude  material  accordingly. 

Pig  lead  has  also  advanced,  and  is  about 
l%e  per  pound  above  the  lowest  point  of  the 
year.  The  impression  has  prevailed  that  the 
National  Lead  Company  were  the  heaviest 
buyers,  but  it  is  learned  on  very  good  au- 
thority that,  such  is  not  the  case,  and  that 
more  lead  has  been  taken  up  by  operators 
prominently  identified  with  the  tin  business 
than  in  other  quarters.  The  statistical  posi- 
tion of  the  metal  is  regarded  as  being  excep- 
tionally strong  in  this  country  and  in  Europe, 
but  necessary  data  on  that  point  is  wanting. 

In  various  branches  of  the  iron  and  steel 
trades  a  good  business  has  been  effected,  and 
there  is  some  indication  of  toning  up  of  prices 
in  a  few  lines,  such  as  track  supplies,  rolled 
iron  and  cast  pipe.  In  structural  material  the 
competition  is  still  keen  enough  to  keep  prices 
low,  and  foundrymen  in  the  East  are  not  as 
yet  fully  employed.  Crude  material  has  un- 
dergone no  radical  change  in  price,  but  the 
market  shows  stronger  tone. 

New  York  Metal  Market. 
New  York,    May  23.— PIG  IRON— Scotch, 
19@20c ;  American,  9.50@12.00c. 

COPPER  —  Brokers',      10.50c;      exchange, 
10.60c. 
LEAD— Brokers',  -S3.10;  exchange,  S3.27K. 
TIN-Straits,  14.85@l4.95c. 
SPELTER— Domestic,  §3.60. 

New  York  Silver  Prices. 
New  York,  May  23.— Following  are  the  clos- 
ing prices  for  the  week : 

, Silver  in . 

London.    N.  Y. 
Friday mi 


67H 

66  % 
67H 
67 


Copper. 
10  50 
10  60 


Lead. 


3  22}$ 

3  2714 


10  50  3  22  Vi 


10 
5 


—    @      14 


Saturday 30  T8 

Monday 30% 

Tuesday 30& 

Wednesday 30% 

Thursday 30^ 

The  local  bullion,  money  and  exchange  quo- 
tations current  are  as  follows : 

Commercial  Loans,  %  per  annum 7@8 

Commercial  Loans,  prime 6@8 

Call  Loans,  gilt  edged. 7@8 

Call  Loans,  mixed  securities .7@8 

Mortgages,  prime,  taxes  paid  by  lender 5 

New  York  Sight  Draft 2%c 

New  York  Telegraphic  Transfer 5o 

London  Bankers'  60  days. $4.88 

London  Merchants $4.86 

London  Sight  Bankers $4.89 

Refined  Silver,  per  ounce 67c 

Mexican  Dollars,  nominal 54 

San  Francisco  Metal  and  Coal  Market. 
ANTIMONY. 

Per  lb 

BORAX. 

Refined,  in  car  lots 

Powdered,        "      

Conceutrated,  "      

COPPER. 

Bolt M&5-16, 17c;  %  and  larger,  16c 

Lake  Superior  Sheathing 18    fta      — 

Ingot,  jobbing 

Ingot,  wholesale : . . .      13 

Sheet  copper — 

TIN  PLATE. 

P°r  bx 5  25 

PIG  TIN. 
Perlb 15    @    16  00 

ZINC. 
Sheet 8W® 

LEAD. 

Pig 

Bar 

Sheet 

Pipe 

QUICKSILVER. 
Home  trade,  per  flask 39  00    @ 

COAL. 

SPOT  FROM  YARD— PER  TON. 

Wellington $  8  00 

Greta 7  75 

Nanaimo 6  50 

Gilman 6  00 

Seattle 7  00 

Coos  Bay 5  50 

Cannel 10  50 

Egg,  hard 12  50 

Wallsend 7  50 

Scotch  Splint 7  50 

Brymbo 7  50 

West  Hartley 8  75 

TO  ARRIVE — CARGO   LOTS. 

Australian 6  50    @ 

Liverpool  Steam 700    ^ 

Scotch  Splint 6  50 

Cardiff 6  50 

Lehigh  Lump 9  00 

Cumberland 8  50 

Egg,  hard ..10  00 

West  Hartley 7  00 


17 
i  00 


3  90 

4  00 

5  25 
4  75 


@ 


MINING  SHAREHOLDERS'  DIRECTORY. 

Compiled  Every  'Hut  ruddy  J  rum  Advertisement  in  f tie  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  and  other  San  Francisco  Journals 


Company  and  Location.  No. 

Alpha  Con,  Nev 14.. 

AltaM  Co,  Nov.. : 49.. 

ADdesSMCo,  Nev 41.. 

Chollar  M  Co,  Nev 40.. 

H  P  Taylor  M  Co,  Cal — .. 

Justice  M  Co,  Nev 59... 

Mexican  G  &  S  M  Co,  Nev 52.. 

Ophir  S  M  Co,  Nevada 65. . 

Overman,  Nev 73. . 

Savage  M  Co,  Nevada £6.. 

Yellow  Jacket,  Nev 59.. 


Company  and  Location. 

Chollar.  Nev 

Crown  Point-G  &  S  M  Co.  Nev. 

Potosi,  Nev.  . . ." : . . . 

Seg  Bek'her,  Nev 


ASSESSMENTS. 

Levied.  Delinq't  and  Sile. 


Secretary. 


.10c. 

X.'dc. 
.25c. 

Kin 
.20c. 
-25c. 


. ,  .May  23,  Jun  27,  July  18 C  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

...May   6,  Jun  11,  July  2 J  E  Jacobus,  309  Montgomery 

.  May    1,  Juu     1,  Jun  17 J  W  Twiggs,  309  Montgomery 

..May  14,  Jun   15,  July  n.  C  E  Elliott.  309  Montgomery 

..Apr   19,  May  31,  Jul   26 J  Henry  Smith,  431  California 

.May    7,  Jun    11,  Jun   28 R  E  Kelly,  309  Montgomery 

. .May  13,  Jun  17,  July  10 C  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery 

April  4,  May    7,  May  27 E  B  Holmes.  50  Nevada  Block 

..Apr    15,  May  21,  Jun  11 Geo  D  Edwards.  414  California 

..Apr    19,May22,Jun   11 E  B  Holmes.  309  Montgomery 

.Apr    15,  May  21.  Jun  26 W  H  Blauvelt,  Sb  Mills  Building 

MEETINGS. 

Secretary  and  Office  in  S.  F.  Date. 

..C  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery June  13 

.  Jas  Newlunds,  35  Mills  Building June  3 

.  .C  E  Elliott,  309  Montgomery June  12 

June  4 


Mining  Share  Market. 


San  Francisco,  May  23.  18U5. 
Nothing  new  nor  nothing;  good  is  reported 
on  the  street  this  week,  the  "general  apathy'' 
still  prevailing.  The  market  went  lower,  the 
bear  clique  having  things  generally  their  own 
vyay.  Hale  and  Noi'cross  sold  down  to  72c.  It 
is  expected  that  the  long-delayed  Supreme 
Court  decision  in  this  case  will  appear  about 
nest  Thursday,  the  30tb.  Whether  an  assess- 
ment will  be  in  order  can  then  be  easier 
determined. 

The  ^following  is  from  "iWrmej/,''  a  chipper 
London  publication  that  purports  to  give 
"points"  on  the  London  stock  market.  It  is  il- 
lustrative of  how  our  British  friends  discuss 
these  matters  :  The  Kaffir  market  continues  as 
steady  as~silver,  and  has  as  good  a  prospect  of 
improving.  A  "bull11  is  always  posing  as  being 
a  friend  of  the  company  and  of  itsstock,while 
a  "bear"  is  supposed,  "to  be  an  enemy. 
The  "bulls"  are  anything  but  friends, 
and  so  far  a«  any  improvement  in  prices 
of  stock  *  were  concerned,  they  simply 
killed  it.  Those  who  say  that  any  sharp 
rush  in  South  Africans  Is  bound  to  have  a  re- 
action are  better  friends  to  an  upward  move- 
ment than  a  weak-kneed  buyer  of  five  hun- 
dred shares  who  will  be  the  first  tose.ll  out 
directly  a  slip- back  of  five  shillings  takes 
place.  Nor  does  the  trouble  always  end 
there,  as  liis  precipitate  and  nervous  sale 
causes  others  to  think  that  he  has  heard  some 
bad  news  concerning  the  mine,  and  they 
evince  a  disposition  to  realize  also,  and,  after 
saying  to  each  other  at  luncheon  that  "it  will 
be  all  right,"  they  each  slip  off  by  devious  by- 
ways to  their  brokers'  offices  and  confide  m 
those  ready  listeners  that  they  would  "like 
to  get  out"  of  the  shares— "to  get  out,  in 
fact,  at  best."  Thus  may  a  mountainous 
land-slide  be  manufactured  out  of  a  molehill. 
Nothing  supports  a  market  like  a  good,  whole- 
some, oversold  account.  Investors  may  swear 
that  if  a  certain  stock  falls  to  a  certain  point 
they,  one  and  all,  intend  to  invest  a  thousand 
pounds  more  in  it.  But  they  don't  do  so,  for 
all  that.  When  the  "limit"  they  have  named 
is  coming  close,  they  cancel  it  by  wire  to  their 
broker,  because  they  have  heard  a  fresh  dis- 
turbingrumor.  A  "bear"  talks  equally  brave- 
ly. He  "knows  the  stock  is  rotten."  He  "cares 
not  a  tiuker'scurse  whether  the  price  rises  an- 
other ten  points."  "If  it  does  it  will  only  neces- 
sitate his  making  a  larger  profit  than  he  has 
at  present  fixed  in  his  mind  as  being  content 
with."  He  "  will  sell  more  on  each  one  point 
rise."  He  "  will  never  close  except  at  a 
thumping  profit."  But  he  doesn't  do  all 
these  things.  An  incipient  backwardation 
causes  some  of  the  pluck  to  ooze  out  of  the 
palms  of  his  hands.  Day  by  day  he  sees  the 
price  improving.  He  hears  his  next  door 
neighbor,  Brown,  blandly  state  that  he  has 
bought  for  investment  a  few  thousand  stock. 
At  length  the  tension  becomes  rather  acute. 
There  seems  to  be  no  limit  to  the  advance, 
and  our  bold  "  bear"  at  length  comes  in  and 
buys,  too,  to  the  great  delight  cf  the  dealers 
in  the  market.  Now,  who  is  the  best  friend 
to  the  stock — the  "bull"  who  cracks  it  up 
and  sells,  or  the  "bear"  who  decries  it  and 
buys  t  Let  no  one  think,  therefore,  that  those 
who  induce  weak  or  reckless  buying  are  help- 
ing the  "  boom,"  or  that  any  critic  who  tries 
to  check  the  pace  a  bit  by  means  of  a  word 
of  caution  is  necessarily  desirous  of  breaking 
it  down.  To  buy  and  carry  over  many  of  the 
high-priced  shares  now  must  be  to  expose 
oneself  to  a  sharp  fall,  or  to  suck  heney  off 
thorns  in  the  event  of  a  profit  showing.  It  re- 
quires strength  of  mind  and  considerable  ex- 
perience not  tore-embark  in  mining  ventures 
money  gained  as  profit  from  them-  The  pro-  ] 
cess  of  buying  mining  shares  now  being  I 
adopted  by  several  small  peoplejs  becoming  | 
very  amusing.  The  plan  is  simply  to  look  out 
any  South  African  mine  whose  shares  have 
not  risen,  and  buy  five  hundred  of  them.  A 
deal  on  these  lines  was  made  for  the  current 
account  in  Joe's  Reef  by  a  buyer  who  had  j 
never  heard  of  the  company  before,  yet  who 
had  the  temerity  to  take  500  at  7s  6d.  Within 
the  past  two  days  they  have  risen  to  20s. 

The  aboYe  doesn't  sound  much  like  Pine  i 
street,  but  exemplifies  that  a  Californian  j 
needn't  feel  lonesome  if  landed  in  the  middle  j 
of  the  present  "  Kaffir  circus  "  in  London. 

Turning  from  London  to  Colorado,  the  fol-  i 
lowing  extract  from  a  Colorado  Springs  letter  I 
is  likewise  interesting : 

"Trading  locally  during  the  past  week  was;' 
unmistakably  spasmodic.  The  utter  absence  j 
of  Eastern  business  is  painfully  noticeable.  1 
The  new  Board  of  Trade  Exchange,  recently  j 
opened,  has  undoubtedly  greatly  stimulated  ■ 
local  transactions,  but  is  apparently  of  Little 
benefit  to  brokers,  as  a  large  majority  of  the  ' 
local  speculators  have  identified  themselves  [ 
with  it,  and  consequently  save  brokers'  com-  J 
missions.  This  naturally  forces  the  broker  to  1 
depend  more  than  ever  upon  out-of-town  j 
business.  The  rates  of  commission  on  the  new  j 
Board.are  materially  less  than  those  of  either  j. 
the  Denver  or  Colorado  Springs  exchanges.  ! 
So  far  as  the  ordinary  speculator  or  investor 


1s  concerned,  this  new  institution  is  unques- 
tionably of  great  benefit,  and  there  is  no 
reason  whatever  why  it  should  not  be  encour- 
aged by  every  one.  Of  course,  it  may  be  in  a 
way  detrimental  to  the  broker  who  is  con- 
ducting an  extensive  establishment  and  freely 
advertising.  "Again,  this  maybe  questioned, 
as  there  is  a  poss  bility  of  its  creating  re- 
newed interest  from  unlooked-for  sources.  It 
must  increase  local  enthusiasm  and  general 
confidence.  It  will  have  a  tendency  to  over- 
come the  extreme  quietness  that  invariably 
prevails  at  this  season  of  the  year." 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Gold  Ridge  Con. 
Mining  and  Milling  Company  was  held  on  the 
20th  infet.  for  the  election  of  five  directors  for 
the  enduing  year,  and  resulted  in  the  election 
of  the  following:  Win.  H.  Lillie,  C.  M.  Jen- 
nings, Richard  Phelan,  R.  H.  Daley,  B.  F. 
Ricker,  80.000  shares  being  represented. 

The  following  illustrates  the  changes  of  the 
week: 


Mines. 

16 

$      05 
U8 
15 
49 
511 
1  00 

""S5 

25 

1   10 

a  80 

23 

Alpha 

Alta  Consolidated 

Andes 

IS       12 

Bodie 

Bullion,    

Challenge 

Chollar. 

1  00 

'      24 
25 

Consolidated  California  and  Virginia.. 

2  35 
03 

'    ■» 

Exchequer 

Gould  &.  Curry 

30i      as 

03 

55 

Ophir. 

Potosi 

32        37 

Sierra  Nevada.. 

Utah 

IH          52 
3D          46 

4?          52 

San    Francisco  Slock  Board   Sales. 


San  Francisco,  jviuy  23,  18115 

9:30  A.  M.  SESSION. 

250  Andes 111200  Justice 

500Best&  Belcher,    ,     46;200  L  Wash. . 

200 45'  100(1  Mexican 

lOOBodie 98J100Mc.no 

100 ...     97 ,  100  Con  New  York .... 

100 96i300Ophir...        1 

100 95  500  Overman . . 

100  Crown  Point  45  600  Potosi 

500  Con  Cal  &  Va... .  2  25' no  Savage 

10 2  35  100  Sierra  Nevada. , . . 

200  Hale  &Norcross..    831100  Union 

300 Sl'lOO 

200 851 100  Yellow  Jacket  ... 

SECOND  SESSION— 2:30  P.  M. 

100  Andes 12|  50  Gould  &  Curry. .. . 

400  Belcher 511500  H  &,  N 

550  Best  &  Belcher. .        47  500  Justice 

100  Bodie 1  00  500  Mexican 

300 96ll50Mono 

200 95|300Ophir 1 

100 97!l50  Potosi 

20UBulwer 05  200  Savage 

lOOChallenge 241200 

lOOChollar 24I100S.B.&M 

200 25  150  Sierra  Nevada.... 

400  Con  Cal  &  Va  ...  .2  30I25O 

50  Confidence 94  400  Union '. 

250  Crown  Point 51'450  Yellow  Jacket. ... 

50 50   25.,.-..-. 


Assessment  Notices. 


V7£^ 


QUARTZ SCREENS 


A  specially.  Ron  ml,  slot 
or  burred  slot  holes. 
Genuine  Hossia  Iron, 
jBoiriGg-eneons  Steel. Cast 
Steel  or  American  plan- 
ished Iron.  Zinc,  Cop- 
per or  Brass  Screens  for  all  purposes.  California 
Perforating  Screen  Co..  145  and  147  Beale  St.,  S.  V. 


&dUClT0fiTs?i 


,r,  :?t)  MARKET. ST.S.F., 

x   -FIF'MTOS    13    FRONT  ST  SF       2^ 


fWELLHACHINERYworb. 


UGHTHIHG  I 
LARGEST      . 

All  kinds  of  tooU.  fori  une  for  the  driller  by  using  our 
Adiimantlneprocess;c:in  takeacore.  Perfected  Econom- 
ical Artesian  Fumpinir  RiirH  to  work  by  steam,  Air. etc. 
LetnehelpTou.  THE  AMERICAN  fVELLWOBKB, 
Aarora,    III  t    Chleaco,  Ul.f    Datlui,  Tax* 


H.  P.  TAYLOR  MINING  COMPANY.— Location  .„ 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco.  Califor-: 
nia.  Location  of  works.  Liberty  Mining  District] 
Siskiyou  county,  California. 

Notice  ts  hereby  gi\ren,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the!L 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  nineteenth  day  ofl 
April,  1895,  an  assessment  of  Pour  (4c)  cents  per- 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United  Stated 
gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany. 89  Merchams'  Exchange.  4:(1  California  street. £ 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  rem 
main  unpaid  on  the  thirty-first  day  of  May.  18!t5,T 
will  be  delhuiuent.  and  advertised  for  sale  at  publiq 
auction:  and  unless  payment  is  made  before  will  1)3 
sold  on  FRIDAY,  l  lie  i wen ty- sixth  day  of  July, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with] 
costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

J.  HENRY  SMITH.  Secretin 

Office:  ail  Merchants'  Exchange,  431  California; 
St.,  San  Francisco. 

ALTA  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Location  of  works,  tiolu  Hill,  Gold  Hil 
Mining  District,  Storey  County.  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  al  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  (i.h  day  of  May^ 
l^M.au  assessment  (No.  4!>>  oF  10  cents  per  shai-u 
was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock.-  of  the  corpora- 
tion, payable  immediately  In  United  States  gold 
Coin,  to  the  Secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company 
Roo  ii  No.  :to.  Nevada  Block,  No:  B09  Montgomery 
street.  San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  Uth  day  of  June,  l&US,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  atpnolic  auc- 
tion, and  unless  jia.vmi.-iii  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  2d  day  of  July.  189a.  lo 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and   expenses  of  sale, 

By  order  of  the  Hoard  of  Direclors. 

J.  E.  JACOBUS.  Secretary. 

Office,  Room  No.  33,  Nevada  Block.  No.  3U9  Mont- 
gomery Street.  San  Francisco.  California. 


ANDES  SILVER  WINING  COMPANY.— Location 
of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia; location  of  works.  Vlrgin'a  City.  Nevada. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  held  on  the  first  (lht)  day  of  May. 
lW5.au  assessment  [No.  41)  ot  Fifteen  ilac)  Cents 
per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  imincdiatelv  in  United  Stales 
gold  coin,  to  the  Secretary,  al  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany. Rooms  2D-23  Ni-vad  i,  block.  3UU  Montgomery 
st>eet.  San  Francisco.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  first  (1st)  day  of  June,  1835.  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale,  at  public 
auction,  and,  unless  payment  is  made  before.  Will 
besold  on  THUKSDAY.  the  twentieth  1 20  h)  day  of 
June.  IStlo.  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,"  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 
sale.    By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

JOHN  W.  TWIGGS.  Secretary. 

Office— Rooms  20-22  Nevada  Bloik.  San  Francisco, 
California. 


THE  GOLD  and  SILVER  EXTRACTION 
-    ,'  COMPANY,  OF  AMERICA. 

LIMITED. 

THADt    H,HK. 


'MCARTHUR-FORBEST  PVttBf) 


MacArthur-Forrest  Process. 

CAPITAL.         -         -         -         ,tI10,0UO  STERLING. 

To  MINIS  OWNERS  and  others  having  Kefrac 
tory  Gold  aud  Silver  Ores  hitherto  unireaiable  at 
a  profit,  the  MAcARTHUR-FORREST  (Patent) 
Process  of  Gold  and  Silver  Extraction  offers  a  so- 
lution of  tho  difficulty. 

Advisory  13oard  in  the  United  Slates:  Thomas 
W.  Goad,  Manager;  Hugh  Butler,  Attorney  ;  John 
F.  Bell ;  P.  George  (low. 

California  and  Nevada  Agency  and  Experimental 
Plant,  23  Stevensoo   Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 
P.  G.  Gow,  Sole  Agent. 
Office:  McPhee  Building,  Denver,  Coi.orapo. 


THE  ROESSLER  &  HASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO,, 

73  Pine  Street,  Hew  York. 

CYANIDE 

-OF- 

POTASS1UH, 

Ferricyanide  of  Potassium, 
Peroxide  of  Sodium, 
Hyposulpliiie  of  Soda, 
Sulphide  of  Iron, 

And  other  Chemicals 
for  Mining  Purposes. 


-EASTERN  PRICES  BEATEN.- 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


Pioneer  Screen  VUorksl 
JOHN  W.  Q  UICK,  Prop. 
Improved  Facilities!  Finest  Work!  Lowest  Prices! 

Perforated  Sheet  Metals.  Steel.  Russia  Iron. 

American  Planish,  Zinc.  Copper  and   Brass  Screens 

for  All  UseB. 

*** MINING  SCREENS  A  SPECIALTY. *** 

231  e«d  223  First  Street.  San  Fram-iftoo.  >..... 


Dividends  Wanted . 

Many  paying  properties  might  pay  more,  and 
others  just  paying  expenses  might  pay  dividends, 
If  properly  managed. 

If  in  Deed  of  a  thorough,  practical  manager,  of 
large  experience  and  well  recommended,  address 

BOX  L,  mining  and  Scientific  Press, 


May  26,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


List  of    U.    S.   Patents   for   Pacific 
Coast  Inventors. 

|{<-|>itrl  t-<1     \<y     Dewey     A:     Co.,     I'luiiftT     I'rtlfiit 

Solicitors  for  Pacific  io«nt. 


1  UN    rHK   vs  KSM    KKPIHG    HA)    H 

-H.C    Kla.lv  S    1' 

i .  \<.im—  11  .1    I  >\  ken,  Peru  It  a,  i  a  I. 
'.\    i  ribs  n,  Lukeport, 

,i   '  iould  Jr.,  Berki 
i     Car  Pksukb-  B  P  5,  F. 

586.140.— Sash  FabtbnBr     1    W.  Lo 
Cal. 

i      i !     Uftget), 
Ban  Jose  i   ■ 
.'wrmii     Huttbh    Cm  ran    it      Packard     BmliU 
K 1  ve  i    i 

i*i  mi--       \V      B.     Phillips. 
tie   Wtsb 
v  im  bs-  H    I  Cal. 

ot  0.  S.  and  tenia  fur- 

Bhorteal  time  possible 

■  n  lei        American  and 

■  .'.  ■  ;ii  patent  busl- 

icted  with 

-     nil   in   the 

Hhurteai  p 


PROSPECTING 

1)  !■■.;. 

omental  and  Structural  Iron  Work:  Steam 

■    ■;  .        ,  Railroad  Engineering;  Bridge  Engineering1 

ating;   >  oat  and  Metal    v<  Engluh 

Blowplptng outfit  and  mineral  dpeoimens /rw  to  .students     Send  forPreedr 

culargi  stating  tne  Bubjeot  von  wish  t « »  study,  to 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranlon,  Pa. 


339 
THE  LIGHTNER" QUARTZ  MILL. 

Something  New,  Good  and  Cheap. 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among     i  hi-     pa  i -Hi  s     recently    obtained 
h   Dewey  &    Co.'s   Scientific    Pkess 
i       s     and    |',,i,iL'n    Patent   Agency,   the  fol- 
lowing are  worthy  of  special  mention: 

Dook  Opbkee,  -Lawrence  Dunn,  S.  F.,  as- 
signor of  one-half  to  Win.  Duuu,  same  place. 
No  588,900.  Dated  May  7,  L895.  This  inven- 
tion relates  to  a  device  designed  to  open  doors, 
and  other  closures,  and  is  especially 
idapted  for  use  upon  tire-engine  houses, 
where  it  is  necessary  to  open  the  doors  the 
umlaut  the  horses  an-  at  (ached  to  the  engine 
or  other  apparatus.  It  consists  of  a  gate  or 
door,  with  levers  fulcrumed  to  the  top  of  the 
door  casing,  one  of  the  levers  pressing  against 
the  door,  a  link  by  which  the  movable  inner 
ends  of  the  levers  are  connected,  a  weighted 
cord  for  operating  the  levers  and  direction 
pulleys  around  which  the  cord  passes,  a  latch- 
ing device  by  which  the  doors  are  retained  in 
a  closed  position  against  the  pressure  of  the 
lever,  and  the  action  of  the  weights  and  cords 
passing  over  direction  pulleys  whereby  the 
doors  may  be  released. 

Can  OpbNEK— James  Gould,  Jr.,  Berkeley, 
Cal.  No.  589,261.  Dated  May  14,  1 SU5.  This 
device  relates  to  that  class  of  can  openers  in 
which  a  handled  wire  or  bar  has  its  other  end 
provided  or  formed  with  a  cutting  hook 
adapted  lo  puncture  the  material  of  the  can, 
and  when  entered  to  present  its  cuttiDg  edge 
in  such  a  manner  that  upon  vibrating  or  work- 
ing the  handle  the  cutting  hook  will  be 
caused  to  move  through  the  tin  and  to  cut 
said  tin  as  it  moves.  The  object  of  this  can 
opener  is  to  provide  a  simple  and  practicable 
device  adapted  to  be  readily  entered  into  and 
through  the  material  of  the  can  and  to  be 
turned  at  once  to  a  position  in  which  by  the 
vibration  of  its  handle  or  shank  it  can  be  ad- 
vanced quickly  aud  certainly  in  its  cutting 
path  around  the  can,  thereby  opening  it.  The 
device  consists  of  a  bar  or  wire  forming  a 
shank,  the  extremity  of  which  is  bent  back- 
wardly  parallel  witli  and  upon  itself,  and  is 
then  flattened  and  formed  into  a  forwardly 
projecting  hook  having  its  inner  edge  reduced 
to  a  cutting  edge,  and  its  extremity  project- 
ing beyond  the  extremity  of  the  shank  and 
reduced  to  a  cuttiDg  point. 


PRODUCES  A  MORE  PERFECT  CUBIFORM 
MATERIAL  AND  A  GREATER  QUANTITY  IN   A 
GIVEN  TIME  PER  HORSE  POWER  USED  THAN 
ANY  OTHER  CRUSHER  ON  EARTH,    —mm*      . 

CAPACITIES  iso tons]   DIFFERENT 


PER  HOUR 


The  u 


GENERAL  MINING  MACHINERY 


OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 

TREMflIN  STEAM  STAMPS 

Connorsville  Blowers,   King=Darragh  Concentrators, 

Stamps,  Hoists,  Rolls,  Pans,  Settlers,  Smelters, 

Metallurgical  Appliances,  Etc. 

COMPLETE   INSTALLATIONS. 

Investigate  our  late  Specialties  and  Improvements  in  this  class  of  Machinery . 

lElston  Ave. 

-LS..  U.S.A. 


MAM'I-  AiTlHED  11 Y 

\A//V\.   H.   BIRCH  <fe  CO. 

Also  Maiiui.nl  urcrs  01 

Gary  Steam  Pumps,  All  kinds  of  Mining  Machin- 
ery, Boilers,  Engines,  Ore  Buckets,  Ore  Cars, 
Dagos,  Hoists,  etc. 
119  Beale 


St., 


ian    F="r«nc1sco. 


GATES  IRON  WORKS  Kc*;^ 


NEW    YORK, 
■  36   LIBERTY   ST. 


LONDON,   E.   C, 
73    A    QUEEN    VICTORIA    ST. 


BUTTE, 
MONTANA. 


CITY  OF  MEXICO. 
B   CALLE    DE    GANTF 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving:  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  PROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.     Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  filled. 

Twenty-live  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATING  WORKS, 

UtiS  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

.......  Telephone.  Main  5931. 

rV  J^**l   E"  G-  DENNISTON, Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.     Send  for  Circular. 


The  Oriental  Gas  Engine 

IS  THE  BEST  tie 
cause  li  oombl  aes 
simplicity  of  col 
struct  urn  with  power 
and  economy  oi  space. 
It  can  be  run  with 
natural  or  manufat: 
turod  gas  or  gasoline. 

It  can  oc  used  roc 
pumping  purposes,  as 
well  as  Tor  all  pur- 
poses when-  a  perfect 
engine  is  required, 
with  the  advantage 
of  lessening  the  risk 
of  explosions.  No 
licensed  engineer  at 
a  high  salary  needed 
to  operate  it. 

Send  for  circulars 
and  prices  if  a  good 
safe  engine  is  what 
you  need. 

The  Oriental  Launch  is  perfection. 
M.  A.   GRAHAM, 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer, 
105  lieale  Street ..San  Francis<-<>. 


Business     College, 

34  Post  Street,        -  8au  Francisco. 

FOR    SEVENTY  -  FIVE     DOLLARS 

ThiaColleg-e  instructs  In  Shorthand.  Type- Writing 
Bookkceplnp,  Telegraphy.  Penmanship."  Drawing-, 
all  the  English  branches,  and  everything  pertaining 
to  business,  for  full  six  months,  We  have  sixteen 
teachers  and  give  individual  Instruction  to  all  our 
pupils. 

A  Department  of  Electrical  Engineering 

Has  been  es'ablished  under  a  thoroughly  Qualified 
Ina'ruetor.  The  course  is  thoroughly*  practical. 
Send  for  Circular,  c.  8.  HAt,KY.  Sec. 


The  Edward  P.  Allis  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

The  Reliance  Crashing  Rolls. 


Established  I860. 


Reliance  Works. 


MINING,  MILLING  AND   SMELTING 

mACHINERY. 

Crushers,  Rolls,  Jigs,  Concentrators, 

Screens,  Stamps,  Pumps, 
Compressors,  Hoists,  Boilers,  Etc.,  Etc. 


Reynolds  Corliss  Engines. 


WORK  THE    BEST,    PRICES  THE  LOWEST. 


BRANCH     OFFICESi 

Sun  Francisco,  Cal. 3 1  Main  Street. 

Butte,  Mont 30  W.  Gran lie  Street . 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah 72  So.  Main  Street. 

Denver,  Col 437  Seventeenth  Street. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 416  Corn  Exchange. 

Chicago,  111 S09  Home  Ins.  Building. 

Kansas  City,  Mo 31)  Armour  Bulldiug. 

Pittsburgh.  Pa German  National  Bank  Building. 

New  York  City 36    Cortlandt  Street. 

City  of  Mexico Calle  Gante,  No.  1 3 . 


The  Best  in  the  VA/orld. 


WRITE  FOR  OUR  NEW  CATALOOUE. 


NOTICE    TO   GOLD    TWINERS! 

Silver -Plated  Amalgamated  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold 

IN  QUARTZ,  GRAVEL  OR  PLACER  MINES.  MADE  OF  BEST  SOFT  LAKE  SUPERIOR  COPPER. 

— — «^AT   REDUCED    PRICES.——. 

Our  plates  are  guaranteed,  and  by  actual  experience  are  proved,  the  best  in  weight  of  Silver  and  durability.    Old  Mining  Plates 


replated.  bought,  or  g 


1  separated.     THOUSANDS  OF  ORDERS  FILLED 


San  Francisco  Novelty  and  Plating  Works 


"^-  ■iim#^*>  Incorporated.  -^^SSm—^-' 

*s~  send  for  circulars.  68,  70  and  72  First  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Justinian  Caire,A^t 

521  and  523  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 

DEALER  IN 

Assayers'  and  ** 
Mining  riaterial. 

MANUFACTURER  OF 

BATTERY  SCREENS  AND  WIRE  CLOTH, 

AGENT  FOR 

Hoskins'  Hydro-Carbon  Assay  Furnaces. 


340 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


May  25  1895. 


OVER     4000     IIN     ACTUAL     USE. 

Manufactured  under  Patents  of  April  27, 1880;  September  18,  1883;  July  24, 1888;  March  31, 1891. 


Price  of  4-foot  wide  Plain  Frue  Vanner 

"          "          "       Improved  Belt  Frue  Vanner. . 
"      6-foot     "       Plain  Belt  Frn«  Vanner 


«500,  f.  o.  b. 
.  600,  f.  o.  b. 
.     600,  f.  o.  b. 


For  any  information,  pamphlets, 

circulars  or  testimonials, 

call  on  or  address 

Jas.  S.  Brownell, 

r     (Successor   to  Adams  &  Carter,) 

AGENT  FOR  THE 


FRDE  ORE   CONCENTRATOR, 

132  MARKET  ST., 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


GLADSTONE  MINING  COMPANY,  FRENCH  GULCH.  Shasta  Co.,  Cal,  I 

C.  J.  Ct.irk,  M.  E.,  Gen'l,  Supt.  Dec.  12.  1891.     \ 

MESSRS.  ADAMS  &  CARTER,  San  Francisco.  Cal.— Dear  Sirs:  During'  my  experience  in 
mining'  and  milling:,  I  have  used  twenty-four  of  your  four-foot  Frue  Vanners  on  different 
kinds  of  ore,  both  gold  and  silver.  I  have  made  competitive  tests  against  them  with  other 
widely  puffed-up  concentrators  and  have  always  found  the  Frue  in  first  place.  When  I 
built  this  mill  (20  stamps),  I  determined  to  put  in  six-foot  Frues  in  order  to  save  space  and 
machinery.  I  am  now  running  four  of  your  six-foot  machines  and  they  have  been  going  for 
Twelvemonths.  They  are  taking  the  pulp  from  20  stumps,  crushing  a  minimum  of  fiftv 
tons  per  day,  and  do  better  work  than  the  four-foot  tables.  They  require  no  more  attention 
than  a  four-foot  table  and  handle  at  least  twice  the  quantity  of  ore.  I  have  run  them  up  to 
80  tons  per  day  and  could  not  see  that  they  were  crowded.  They  stop  and  start  as  easily  as 
the  smaller  tables  and  have  the  advantage  of  double  capacliy  with  the  same  bearings  and 
wearing  parts,  requiring  no  more  oil.  and  no  more  wear  and  tear  than  the  smaller  tables. 
My  repairaccount  for  the  past  six  mouths  has  been  too  small  to  to  mention.  In  order  lo 
give  an  idea  of  the  work  they  are  doing  here.  I  will  state  that  the  ore  has  varied  monthly 
from  $5  to  $20  per  ton  and  the  tailings  from  uoihing  to  UO  cts.  per  ton.  I  will  conclude  by 
saying  that  I  cannot  endorse  the  six-foot  Frue  Vanner  too  highlv.  and  it  Is  the  only  table 
that  I  would  have  in  my  mill.  c.  J.  CLARK.  Gen'l  Supt. 


RISDON  IRON  WORKS. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Beale  and  Howard  Sts.,  San  Francisco. 

Cable     Address)     "RISDON'S"     Son     Francisco, 

-s^ss^riANUFACTURERS    OF^^> 

Johnston's  Concentrator,       BiyaiiJVWJs, 

Challenge  Ore  Feeders,  Air  Compressors, 

MINIlT^^  and  HOISTINGlpLA^ 

LJinion   Iron  Works, 


CORNER     FIRST    AND    MISSION     STREETS, 


SAN     FRANCISCO,     CAL. 


-MflNUFflCTURERS       OF- 


MINING    AND    MILLING    MACHINERY, 

Automatic  Cut-Off  Engines,  High-Speed  Engines,  Hoisting  Engines,  Quartz  Mills, 

WVanty  Chill  ./Wills,  Rolls  and  Concentrating  machinery,  Dodd  Sigmoidal  Water  U/heel, 

PUJV\PS--Cornish  and  Other,        Copper  and  Lead  Eurnaces,        All  Classes  of  Marine  Work. 

^a^^SHIP  BUILDERS.      *      BUILDERS  OF  U.  S.  WAR  SHIPS.      *      HYDRAULIC  LIFT  DOCK.<^sss^ 


NEW  YOKE  OFFICE:     I  ■*  S    BRO«D\A/«"V. 


CABLE  ASDKRSS:     "UNION. 


IMPROVED    CRAWFORD    MILL. 

The  Cheapest  and  Best  Mill  for  extracting  gold  from  comparatively  free  milling  ores. 
Requires  one-third  the  water,  and  three-fourths  the  power  of  stamps.  Costs  less,  is  operated 
cheaper,  and  will  save  20  to  40  per  cent  more  gold.  Average  saving  85  per  cent.  Inexpensive 
foundation.  No  plates  or  screens.  Wear  and  tear  guaranteed  not  to  exceed  thirty  cents  per 
ton.      Capacity   ten    tons.     Full   particulars, 

MECHANICAL  GOLD  EXTRACTOR  COMPANY, 

47     BROADWAY,     NEW     YORK. 


HUNTINGTON 

CENTRIFUGAL  ROLLER 

Quartz  Mill. 


AND 


OFFICE  and 
BKAJTCH  WORKS: 

'rst  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal, 


niNINQ 
MILLING  MACHINERY. 


TUSTIN'S  PULVERIZER, 

WORKS  ORE 

Wet  or  Dry 


fe 


3. 


MAIN  WORKS: 
Harbor  View,  San  Francisco. 


.».».«■■.. 


AND   PACIFIC   ELECTRICAL 


REVIEW. 


VOLUME    LXX. 
Number  »2. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  1,  1895. 


THREE   DOLLARS   PER  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


New  Life  in  the  Comstock  Tunnel  Co. 


C  0  w  P  l  E  r  r.  o 


At  a  meeting  of  the  shareholders  in  the  Comstock 
Tunnel  Company  (.formerly 
Sutro     Tunnel    Company) 
held  at  New  York  City  on 
April  25,  1895.  the  follow- 
ing     directors      retired  : 
Theodore       Sutro,      Otto 
Lowengard,       Julius      A. 
Stursberg,     Elisha     Dyer 
Jr.  and  Wheaton  B.  Kun- 
hardt,   and   the   following 
were    elected  :      Franklin 
Leonard,    R.    H.    Hobart 
Smith,  H.  H.  Truman  and 
Gordon   MacDonald.     The 
new     directors       elected 
Franklin    Leonard    presi- 
dent    and     Gordon    Mac- 
Donald   treasurer.      It  is 
semi  -  officially      reported 
that  Mr.   Leonard  repre- 
sents large  capitalists  and 
Gordon  MacDonald  repre- 
sents a  Mr.  Van  Weel  of 
Holland  and  Robert  Flem- 
ing   of    Scotland,      while 
Messrs.    Smith    and   Tru- 
man are  bankers  at  New 
York.       This   change   un- 
doubtedly points  the  way 
to  far  better  times  in  the 
near  future  for  the  mining 
industry  at  Virginia  City, 
Nevada,  which  in  turn  will 
give  an  impetus  to  mining 
in   the  State    of    Nevada 
and,  as  for  that,  through- 
out  the    coast    that    will 
bring  about  an  activity  to 
which    the    industry    has 
been  a  stranger  for  many 
years,    and,  when   an    ac- 
complished fact,  will  pro- 
duce  an    era    of    general 
prosperity  in  Nevada  and 
California,  with  its  favor- 
able influence  felt  in  neigh- 
boring States   and  Terri- 
tories.    This    opinion     is 
grounded  on  the  fact  that 
ever  since  the  tunnel  was 
in  litigation — which  is  now 
happily  at  an  end — mining 
has  been   only  spasmodic- 
ally   active.      This,    to    a 
large  degree,  is  due  to  the 
fact  that  the  mines  on  the 
Comstock  lode   are  listed 
on  the  San  Francisco  and 
New  York  exchanges,  and 
the  shares  dealt  in  at  both 
places.      These  quotations 
being  given    publicity 

through  the  press,  causes  many  not  conversant  with 
mining  on  this  coast  to  consider  them  the  "open 
sesame  "  to  the  industry.  This  opinion  is  also  due  to 
their  phenomenal  output  of  gold  and  silver,  aggrega- 
ting fully  $400,000,000.      That  the  tunnel  is  most  un- 


questionably an  important  factor  at  Virginia  City 
will  be  readily  recognized  when  it  is  considered  that 
it  drains  the  Comstock  and  several  other  lodes  at  a 


MT.  DAVIDSON 


MtinTmntl 70,189  Feci 

lhrlhUlerc.irua.jc  I ..4403 

South  loipralT.jnr.cl ....S4S3.G9 


ro  one     /nc/i 


Comstock  Tunnel 


AND  ITS  BRANCHES. 


Thii  Company's  Mineral  Laii.!  Omni  ft  Town  Site, 


depth  which  makes  it  possible  for  the  mines  to  be 
worked  at  a  large  reduction  in  expense  and  deeper, 
if  found  necessary,  than  they  possibly  could  be  other- 
wise. In  its  construction  it  took  fully  nine  years — 
from  October,  1869,  to  1878— before  the  main  tunnel 


was  completed  to  the  Comstock   lode,   a  distance  of 
20,489  feet.     The  lateral  tunnels    which   follow  the 
trend  of  the  lode  north  and  south  were  constructed 
since.     The   south   lateral 
tunnel    was    extended    to 
what  is  known  as  the  For- 
i  man   shaft,   a   distance  of 

I  8423  feet  from  the   main 

|  tunnel,  and  the  north  lat- 

|  eral  tunnel  was  extended 

i  a  distance  of  4403  feet  up 

to  the  Mexican  Mining 
Co.'s  ground.  These  com- 
bined with  the  main  tun- 
nel make  a  grand  total  of 
33,315  feet,  or  over  six 
and  one-third  miles,  fully 
completed  and  equipped 
for  working  purposes.  It 
is  furnished  throughout 
with  car  tracks  and  side 
switches,  drain  boxes  and 
ditches  to  carry  off  the 
water,  ventilating  shafts, 
partitions,  and  everything 
necessary  to  make  it  com- 
plete in  every  respect. 
The  height  of  the  tunnel  is 
generally  from  seven  to 
seven  and  one-half  feet  and 
the  width  throughout  eight 
feet  at  the  top  of  inside 
timbers  and  nine  to  nine 
and  one-half  feet  at  the 
track  rails  on  the  outer 
bottom.  A  better  idea 
can  be  formed  of  the  tun- 
nel by  the  plat  or  drawing 
herewith  shown.  Com- 
pared with  similar  tunnels 
in  other  mining  districts 
the  Comstock  tunnel  is  a 
small  affair,  but  when 
pushed  to  its  full  contem- 
plated length  (three  miles 
further  than  now  com- 
pleted), with  its  many  lat- 
eral tunnels,  it  will  take 
rank  as  one  of  the  longest, 
most  thoroughly  built  and 
best  equipped  now  in  ex- 
istence. The  greatest  adit 
or  drain  tunnel  is  at  the 
United  Mines,  near  Red- 
ruth, in  Cornwall,  which, 
with  its  branches,  has  a 
length  of  thirty  miles. 
-'  This  tunnel  has  been  in  use 

ever  since  the  year  1768. 
The   next   longest  is    the 
Ernst      August      tunnel, 
which     has    a    length    of 
fourteen  miles,  and  which 
drains   the  mines    in   the 
Hartz     mountains,     Ger- 
many.   Although  the  Comstock  tunnel  takes  rank  as 
the  third  largest  of  a  similar  kind  in  the  world,  it 
outranks  all  others  in  the  number  of  distinct  lodes 
run  through,  area  of  untold  wealth  and  value  of  its 
{Continued  on  next  page. ) 


342 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


June  1,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED     I860. 
Oiliest  Mining  .Journal  outhe  American  Continent. 

ujlice.  No. ->2t>  Market  Street,  Northeast  Corner  Front,  Sari  Frartcisco. 

3&~  Take  the  Elevator,  No.  12  Front  Strt'ct. 
ANNUAL    SUBSCRIPTION: 

United  States.  Mexico  and  Canada $3  M 

AH  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 4  0" 

Entered  at  the  S.  P.  PostoEQee  as  seeond-class  mail  matter. 
J.  F.  HALLORAN General  Manager 

San  Francisco,  June  l,  1895. 

TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 

ILLUSTRATIONS.— Plat  of  the  Comstock  Tunnel  and  Its  Branches. 
341.  24-iuch  Friction  Feed  Planer;  The  Foos  Gas  and  Gasoline 
Engine,  345. 

EDITORIALS  —New  Life  in  the  Comstock  Tunnel  Co.,  341-342.  The 
New  Mexican  Mining  Law;  Meeting  of  the  Executive  Committee 
of  the  Cal.  Miners'  Association;  The  Country's  Tonnage,  342. 

SCIENTIFIC  PRuGRESS— Argon;  Treatment  of  a  New  Gun;  To 
Explore  the  Earth  s  Interior:  Heat  Produced  by  Natural  Gas; 
Mean  Density  of  the  Earth,  347. 

MECHANICAL  PROGRESS.— Some  Unnecessary  Objections; 
Steam  Pipes  for  Ocean  Vessels:  Keep  on  the  Right  Track;  How 
Steam  Pipes  Start  Fires;  The  Vertical  Engine  for  Large 
Powers,  347. 

ELECTRICAL  PROGRESS.— The  Electric  Locomotive  in  Rail- 
roading; Combined  Electric  Lighting  Station  and  Waterworks; 
Popular  Electrical  Theories,  348. 

MINING  SUMMARY.— From  the  Various  Counties  of  California. 
Nevada  and  Other  Pacific  Coast  States  and  Territories,  350-51. 

PRACTICAL  INFORMATION.— The  Skies  of  June;  Dagos  and 
Gringos.  352. 

THE  MARKETS.— Eastern  and  Local  Metal  Markets;  Coal  and 
Coke;  Mining  Share  Market;  Sales  in  San  Francisco  Stock  Board; 
Notices  of  Meetings;  Assessments;  Dividends,  etc.,  354. 

.MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates;  Books  Received.  343.  Further 
Notes  on  the  Gold  Ores  of  California;  Keeping  Everlastingly  at 
It  Brings  Success,  344.  Nature's  Hydraulic  Mining:  24-Inch  Fric- 
tion Feed  Planer;  The  Foos  Gas  and  Gasoline  Engine,  345.  Min- 
eral Laud  in  Northern  California;  Cripple  Creek's  Fine  Native 
Gold:  South  African  American  Exposition;  Where  Wampum  Is 
Still  Used;  Coast  Industrial  Notes  ,  346.  Riedler  Pumping  En- 
gines, 351.    Notices  of  Recent  Patents,  354. 


New   Life  in  the  Comstock  Tunnel  Co. 


(Cmitiiiinil  from  preceding  page.) 


The  full  text  of  the  new  Mexican  mining  law  is 
published  elsewhere.  Senor  Romero,  the  Mexican 
Minister,  says  that  the  intent  of  the  bill  is  to  dis- 
tribute over  the  whole  of  that  country's  mining  in- 
dustry the  high  duty  now  levied  on  silver  mining.  If 
it  tends  to  keep  Mexican  lead  and  copper  out  of  this 
country,  as  would  appear  from  its  provisions,  Ameri- 
can producers  of  those  metals  will  not  object. 


So  .much  has  been  said  first  and  last  in  tlwse 
columns  about  the  mineral  area  of  the  State  and  its 
attempted  perversion,  the  effort  on  the  part  of  the 
miners  to  prevent  its  absorption,  and  the  progress 
of  the  work,  that  little  remains  to  say  beyond  urging 
a  full  attendance  at  the  meeting  of  the  Executive 
Committee  of  the  Cal.  Miners'  Association  at  the 
Palace  Hotel  in  this  city  next  Thursday  evening. 
Such  communications  as  that  of  Mr.  Bell,  of  Shasta, 
published  elsewhere,  illustrates  the  spirit  and  senti- 
ment of  the  California  miner.  The  recent  attack 
"  all  along  the  line  "  of  the  Sacramento  papers  (and 
all  the  other  papers  of  the  State  that  could  be  co- 
erced or  influenced)  on  the  mining  interests  of  the 
State  in  general  illustrates  the  spirit  and  sentiment 
of  the  corporation  that  evidently  influence  such  ut- 
terance. The  cuttlefish  tactics  that  darken  the 
waters  of  debate  are  again  employed;  but,  undis- 
mayed by  the  private  and  public  activity  of  their 
wily  antagonist,  the  Miners'  Association  will  go  on 
in  successful  effort  to  thwart  corporation  absorp- 
tion and  secure  manifest  justice  for  the  common- 
wealth, in  whose  interests,  iu  the  larger  s'ense,  the 
present  contest  is  being  made. 


The  country's  railway  tonnage  is  something  stu- 
pendous. The  whole  of  the  tonnage  on  the  oceans  of 
the  world  last  year  aggregated  140,000,000  tons;  the 
tonnage  of  the  railway  companies  of  the  world, 
carried  100  miles,  aggregated  1,400,000,000  tons. 
There  are  400,000  miles  of  railroad  in  the  world,  of 
which  ISO, 000  are  iu  the  United  States.  Of  the 
1,400,000,000  tons  carried  100  miles  last  year  on  the 
railways  of  the  world,  800,000,000  tons  were  carried 
on  the  railways  of  the  United  States.  Take  the 
000,000,000  tons  carried  100  miles  on  the  railways 
of  the  world  outside  of  the  United  States,  and  "add 
to  it  140,000,000  carried  on  the  ocean  in  the  com- 
merce of  the  world  upon  the  seas,  and  still  in  the 
800,000,000  tons  carried  on  the  railways  of  the 
United  States  there  are  60,000,000  tons  more  than 
on  all  the  railways  of  the  world  outside  of  the 
United  States  and  in  all  the  ocean  commerce  of  the 
world  put  together.  This  traffic  is  carried  by  the 
Amerieau  railway  at  an  average  of  eight  mills  per 
ton  per  mile;  the  railways  of  Great  Britain  charge 
two  cents  and  eight  mills;  France,  two  cents  aud 
two  mills;  Germany,  two  cents  and  six  mills;  Italy, 
two  cents  and  Ave  mills;  Russia,  two  cents  and  four 
mills.  The  internal  commerce  of  the  United  States 
makes  our  country  the  most  wonderful  market  this 
globe  has  ever  known. 


franchise  rights  given  by  a  special  act  of  Congress, 
passed  July  25,  1866.    This  act,  whereby  the  right  of 
way  is  granted,  reads  as  follows:  >'  For  the  purpose 
of  the  construction  of  a  deep  draining  and  exploring 
tunnel  to  and  beyond  the  Comstock  lode,  so  called,  in 
the  State   of   Nevada"     *    *    *     commencing    "at 
the  hills  near  Carson  river    *     *     *     and  extending 
from  said  initial  point  in  a  westerly  direction  seven 
miles,   more  or  less,   to  and  beyond  said  Comstock 
lode;  and  the  said  right  of  way  shall  extend  northerly 
and  southerly  on  the  course  of  said  lode,  either  with- 
in the  same  or  east  or  west  of  the  same,  and  also  on 
or  along  any  other  lode  which  may  be  discoverer!  or 
developed  by  the  said  tunnel."      The  act  also  grants 
the  right  "  to  purchase,   at  one  dollar  and  twenty- 
five  cents  per  acre,"  public  land,  "  not  exceeding  two 
sections  "  near   the   mouth   of  the   tunnel.     It   also 
gives  "  the  right  to   purchase,    at   five   dollars    per 
acre,  such  mineral  veins  and  lodes  within   two   thou- 
sand feet  on  each  side  of  said  tunnel  as  shall  be  cut, 
discovered  or  developed  by  running  and  constructing 
the  same,    through   its   entire   extent,   with  all  the 
dips,    spurs   and   angles   of  such  lodes,"   etc.     The 
Comstock  lode  and  all  other  lodes,  "  at  the  passage 
of  this  act  in  the  bona  fide  possession  of  other  per- 
sons, are  excepted  from  such  grant;"  but  such  lodes, 
if  uot  worked  as  provided  by  law,  become  subject  to 
such  right  of  purchase.     *    *    *    It  is   also  further 
enacted  "  that  all  persons,  companies  or  corporations 
owning  claims  or  mines  on  said  Comstock  lode  or  any 
other  lode  drained,  benefited   or   developed   by   said 
tunnel,"  shall  contribute  and  pay  to  the  owners  of 
said   tunnel   for   benefits   derived   such   charges   as 
shall  be  agreed  on  by  and  between  said  owners  and 
the  companies  representing  a  majority  of   the   esti- 
mated value  of  the  Comstock  lode  at  the  time  of  the 
passage  of  the  act.      The   agreement   made   in   con- 
formity with  the  act  carried  certain  fixed  charges  on 
every  ton  of  ore  extracted  and  milled,  being  $2  a  ton 
on  all  going  above  $40  a  ton  aud  $1  on  all  going  be- 
low $40  a  ton.     There  was  also  to  be  collected  25 
cents  a  ton  on  all  ore,  rock,  earth  or  debris  removed 
through  the  tunnel,  besides  collecting  fare  on  each 
person    carried    and    on    all    freight    transported. 
About  two  years  ago  the  charges  for  ore  extracted, 
reduced  or  sold  were  reduced  by  the  late  owners  to 
four  per  cent  royalty  on  the  net  proceeds  of  all  bul- 
lion extracted  and  40  cents  a  ton  on   waste  sent  out 
through  the  tunnel.     This   reduction    makes  it  pos- 
sible to  mine  low-grade  ore  at  a  profit,  and  induce 
mining  for  the  latter  instead  of  extended  dead  and 
prospecting  work  which  did  not  yield  a  revenue,  ex- 
cept in  isolated  instances,  to  the  tunnel  company  and 
only  brought  assessments  to  shareholders  in  the  dif- 
ferent mines.     The  litigation  between  contending  in- 
terests for  the  Comstock   tunnel   placed   the   mining 
companies  in  an  unenviable  position,  one  that  did  not 
either  encourage  mining  below   the   tunnel   level   by 
pumping,    or   extensive   prospecting   or   developing 
(outside   of  keeping   the  industry  alive)  work  above 
the  tunnel  level,  owing   to   their  not   knowing   into 
whose  hands  the  tunnel  would  fall,  by  whom  it  would 
be  allowed  to  go  into  disuse  and  eventually  be  aban- 
doned or  else  prosecuted  still  farther  west  through 
Mount  Davidson,  with  more  necessary  branch  tun- 
nels built  so  that  mining  can  be  better  prosecuted 
with  safety,  less  expense  and  more  advantageously. 
With  the  change  in  ownership,  as  noted  in  the  fore 
part  of  this  article,  comes  assurance  that  capital  is 
at  its  back  and  fears  need  no  longer  be  entertained 
that  the  tunnel  will  not  be  pushed  to  completion  in 
all   directions,     admitting  of   more  thorough  work- 
ing of  the  different  mines  and  extraction  of  ore  which 
woul  i  not  in  preceding  years  pay  but  which  will  now, 
under  cheapened  charges  for  tunnel  royalty,  trans- 
portation and  milling. 

To  more  fully  determine  the  importance  of  the 
tunnel,  with  its  valuable  franchise  rights,  it  is  only 
necessary  to  trace  results  in  prosecuting  the  work 
of  extension,  together  with  seemingly  well  authentic 
statements  regarding  the  large  deposits  of  low- 
grade  (gold-bearing)  ore  discovered  by  the  different 
mines  located  on  the  Comstock  lode,  which  can  be, 
and  unquestionably  will  be,  extracted  and  reduced 
under  a.  better- condition  of  affairs  '  after  the  new 
owners  of  the  tunnel   get   well   under   way.     In   ex- 


tending the  main  tunnel  Ihe  Star  or  Bella  Union 
lode  was  struck  at  a  poiut  10,500  feejt  from  its 
mouth.  From  this  lode  fair  assays  were  .secured 
from  the  vein  matter  encountered  Farther  on,'  say 
about  1000  feet,  at  a  depth  from  the  surface  of  1361 
feet,  the  Brunswick  or  Monte  Cristolode  was  struck. 
This  lode  increases  in  width  as  depth  is  obtained, 
being  about  100  feet  wide  at  the  tunnel  level.  It  is 
said  to  be  a  strong  vein  and  known  as  a  true  fissure. 
On  the  surface  it  has  been  traced  by  croppings  for. a 
distance  of  over  two  and  a  half  miles.  On  this  lode 
is  located  the  Monte  Cristo  mine  on  the  north  and 
Occidental  on  the  south.  It  is  estimated  that  fully 
three  quarters  of  a  million  dollars  in  bullion  have 
been  taken  out  near  the  surface.  It  is  stated  by 
mining  experts  that  fully  2,000,000,000  tons  of  low- 
grade  ore  are  contained  within  the  boundaries  of  the 
Brunswick  lode,  which,  at  the  low  estimate  of  $5  a 
ton,  would  mean  in  bullion  ten  billion  dollars.  The 
next  lode  struck  was  the  Solferino,  and,  still  farther 
on,  distinct  vein  matter  was  struck.  The  above 
lodes,  like  the  Comstock,  dip  easterly  at  an  angle  of 
about  forty-five  degrees.  In  running  the  south 
lateral  tunnel,  at  a  distance  of  4035  feet  from  the 
end  of  the  main  tunnel  they  struck  east  of  Yellow 
Jacket,  a  vein  was  struck  having  an  average  width 
of  nine  to  thirteen  feet,  named  the  Garfield  lode, 
which  gave  an  average  assay  value  of  nearly  $18  to 
the  ton.  Owing  to  the  lack  of  funds  the  different 
finds  have  not  been  prospected  to  any  extent,  there- 
fore they  remain  largely  an  unknown  quantity. 
What  will  follow  extensive  and  thorough  prospecting 
work  on  the  veins  cut  by  the  tunnel,  and  what  new 
veins  might  be  cut  and  discovered  by  running  drifts 
in  various  directions  along  the  main  and  lateral 
tunnels,  is  largely  problematical,  without  taking 
into  consideration  what  is  liable  to  be  found  by  ex- 
tending the  main  tunnel  three  miles  farther  west 
and  passing  under  Mt.  Davidson  at  a  depth  of  3600 
feet  below  its  summit.  A  fair  idea  of  what  can  be 
found  in  its  extension  through  Mt.  Davidson  can  be 
formed  by  what  has  been  discovered  on  the  surface, 
but  which,  owing  to  water  interference,  could  not 
be  worked  to  any  depth.  This,  of  course,  will  be 
overcome'~by  the  tunnel  being  extended  so  as  to  give 
drainage  facilities. 

A  late  map  of  the  Comstock  lode  and  mines  located 
on  it  shows  the  Virginia  or  Red  lode  lying  to  the 
west.  The  West  Con.  Virginia  and  California  mine 
are  running  for  the  latter  lode.  This  work  was  com- 
menced on  the  1100-foot  Con.  Virginia  and  California 
mine.  It  is  expected  that  this  drift  will  strike  the 
Virginia  lode  about  1600  feet  west  of  the  Comstock 
lode  aud  at  a  depth  of  1600  feet.  In  extending  the 
Comstock  tunnel  this  lode  would  be  struck  at  a  depth 
of  about  2400  feet,  which  will  give  ample  drainage 
facili  ty  so  as  to  admit  of  its  being  opened  up  and  the 
mines  located  on  it  worked  advantageously  to  that 
depth.  According  to  mining  men  well  informed  of 
the  different  lodes  in  the  Comstock  mining  districts, 
the  Comstock  tunnel  in  its  extension  west  would  run 
respectively  through  the  following  lodes  before 
getting  under  Mt.  Davidson  :  Middle,  Virginia  or 
Red  and  Cole.  These  are  called  gold-bearing  lodes, 
as  the  percentage  of  silver  in  the  ore  is  small.  It  is 
the  belief  with  mining  men  that  the  two  last-named 
lodes  will  be  found  to  be  very  rich  in  gold  and  yield 
immense  wealth  to  the  owners  of  the  mines  located 
on  them  when  the  tunnel  is  pushed  west  so  as  to 
drain  them.  What  is  on  the  west  side  of  Mt.  David- 
son is  largely  problematic,  but  there  are  those  who 
contend  that  if  the  tunnel  is  pushed  under  and  on 
through  Mt.  Davidson  some  important  and  valuable 
gold-bearing  lodes  will  be  run  into. 

Intimately  connected  with  this  new  life  in  the 
Comstock  Tunnel  Co.  is  the  present  effort  making  to 
infuse  vitality  into  the  life  of  the  Comstock  lode 
itself.  The  matter  has  taken  definite  shape,  and  in- 
cludes a  proposed  amalgamation  of  interests  in  this 
direction  of  the  Con.  Cal.  &  Va.,  Gould  &  Curry, 
Hale  &  Norcross,  Best  &  Belcher,  Chollar,  Potosi, 
and  Savage,  to  acquire  joint  control  of  the  Bruns- 
wick, lying  about"  a  mile  east  of  and  parallel 
with  the  Comstock.  The  idea  is  to  buy  5000  feet  of 
the  Brunswick  lode,  including  the  St.  Johns  claim, 
2900  feet  southward  of  the  tunnel,  and  the  Alabama 
and  Bailey  claims,  which  extend  2100  feet  north- 
ward. At  the  meetings  so  far  held  there  has  been 
unanimity  of  action,  though  it  is  probable  the  first 


June  1,  1895. 


Mining  and  scientific  hRKh. . 


343 


named  of  tbe  seven  will  nol  finally  com  ud<  to 
active  participant.  Should  there  be  the  proposed 
pooling  of  issues  there  will  be  considerable  consolida- 
tion and  lessened  expense  in  company  management, 
etc.,  and  a  pro  rata  sharing  of  expenses  and  profits 
in  developing  the  property  purchased.  In  the  out- 
lined development  of  the  property  under  considera- 
tion the  Comstock  tunnel  plays  a  prominent  part. 

Jbe  following  are  the  depths  from  the  hoisting 
works  of  the  leading  mines  to  the  level  of  the  Coin- 
stock  tunnel  or  its  branches;  also  the  angles  of  the 
inclines,  where  there  are  inclines  from  the  bottoms 
of  the  main  vertical  shafts  : 

Utah,  1465  feet;  angle  of  incline,  46°;  Sierra 
Nevada,  1501  feet;  Union  shaft,  1502  feet;  Ophir, 
1600  feet;  pitch  of  incline,  37°;  C  &  C  shaft,  1510  feet; 
Con.  Virginia,  1025  feet;  Bonner  shaft  (Gould  & 
Curry  mine),  1070  feet;  angle  of  incline,  55°;  Gould  & 
Curry  and  Best  A  Belcher  shaft,  1448  feet:  Sava-e 
shaft,  1050  feet;  pitch  of  incline  383°;  Hate  &  Nor- 
cross,  1626  feet;  pitch  of  incline,  40J°;  Chollar- 
Norcross-Savage  shaft.  159s  feet:  New  Yellow  Jacket 
shaft,  1513  feet;  Old  Yellow  Jacket  shaft,  1430  feet; 
angle  of  incline,  45°;  Old  Bullion  shaft,  1706  feet; 
angle  of  incline,  41A°;  Con.  Imperial,  1732  feet;  angle 
of  incline,  43A°;  Crown  Point,  1394  feet;  angle  of  in- 
cline, 35°;  Belcher  shaft,  1449  feet;  angle  of  incline, 
33°;  Overman  shaft.  1201  feet;  Forman  shaft,  about 
1495  feet:  Caledonia,  1153  feet;  Alta,  1030  feet;  Jus- 
tii.\  930  feel;  pitch  of  incline,  40}°;  Silver  Hill,  757 
feet;  pitch  of  incline,  38°;  Old  Chollar-Potosi  shaft, 
1095  feet;  pitch  of  incline,  45°;  New  York,  1059  feet; 
Baltimore.  L205  feet;  pitch  of  iucline,  38°.  These 
measurements  are  from  the  surface  of  the  ground  at 
the  top  of  the  shafts. 

Concentrates. 


Denver,  Col.,  figures  its  population  at  157,693. 

Wells,   Fargo  &  Co.  ceased  carrying  letters  last  Saturday. 

Tjie  Grizzly  Mining  Co.  of  Ruby  Hill,  Nev.,  will  shortly 
resume  operations. 

The  Cumberland  &  Osceola  Placer  Mining  Co.  (Nevada) 
will  resume  work  about  July  1st. 

The  mill  of  the  Gold  Ring  mine,  in  Green  valley,  near 
Dutch  Flat,  was  burned  last  Monday.     Loss  85,200. 

Jefferson  Clark,  a  former  Grass  Valley  resident,  has  a 
contract  to  electrically  light  Johannesburg,  South  Africa. 

S.  J.  Mcrpht,  working  in  the  Hope  mine,  at  Basin,  Mon- 
tana, was  crushed  to  death  last  Sunday  by  a  mass  of  falling 
ore.  , 

At  a  meeting  last  week  the  miners  of  Willow  Creek,  Idaho, 
resolved  not  to  allow  saloons,  Chinamen  or  sheep  within  the 
district. 

Ninety-five  hydraulic  mines  are  now  in  operation  in  that 
portion  of  the  State  covered  by  the  provisions  of  the  Cami- 
netti  act. 

Toe  Weber  mine,  at  Lakeview,  Idaho,  of  which  General  R. 
A.  Alger  is  president,  is  working  a  small  force  of  men  and 
running  ten  stamps. 

The  8283,000  suit  for  damages  brought  by  the  Standard  Con. 
Mining  Co.  against  the  Bodie  Con.  M.  Co.  will  be  fought  to  a 
finish  by  the  directors  of  the  latter  company. 

A  great  number  of  prospectors  are  said  to  be  heading  for 
the  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado,  where  some  good  prospects 
have  been  reported  in  that  hitherto  unexplored  region. 

The  Walter  C.  Hadley  Company,  of  Denver,  are  again-  re- 
ported to  have  bought  the  Mammoth  gold  mine,  in  Pinal 
county,  thirty  miles  south  of  Casa  Grande,  Arizona,  lor  $35,000, 

The  Azusa,  Cal.,  Pomntropic  says  the  Glendora  Milling  Com- 
pany has  sold  its  interests  in  the  Christie  mine  to  Denver 
parties  for  £25,000.  The  Christie  is  au  extension  of  the  Rose 
mine. 

Notices  of  mining  locations  are  beginuing  to  come  into  the 
recorder's  office  at  Whatcom,  Wash.,  from  the  Slate  creek  dis- 
trict. It  is  reported  that  there  are  over  3001)  people  there  al- 
ready. 

W.  S.  Stratton,  the  Cripple  Creek  miner,  has  given  53000 
to  Mrs.  Charles  Clark,  widow  of  the  foreman  of  the  Golden 
Eagle  mine,  who  died  last  week.  He  also  paid  all  funeral  ex- 
penses. 

The  Horsefly  Hydraulic  Company  in  Cariboo,  B.  C,  is  locally 
credited  with  an  intention  to  "explode  a  mine  of  giant  powder 
of  40,000  pounds  to  reduce  the  conglomerate  so  the  monitor  can 
handle  it." 

Last  Tuesday's  Nevada  Transcript  strongly  urges  the  min- 
ers of  Nevada  county,  as  a  public  duty,  to  contribute  that 
county's  quota  to  the  funds  of  the  California  State  Miners' 
Association. 

Wm.  H.  Bolthoff,  of  Denver,  was  charged  by  Geo.  F. 
Wheeler,  a  West  Virginia  capitalist,  with  "salting"  two 
placer  claims,  and  at  the  preliminary  examination  was  honor- 
ably discharged. 

The  Princess  Mining  Company  has  incorporated  at  Oroville  ; 
capital  stock,  §500,000.  Directors— H.  J,  Milburn,  G.  H 
Thomas,  Detroit,  Mich.;  F.  O.  Goodwin,  San  Francisco;  E. 
Harkness,  J.  Gale,  Oroville. 

It  is  reported  from  Enseuada,  Lower  California,  that  Gen. 
Humphrey  and  H.  E.  Wood  propose  establishing  a  fifty -ton 
smelter  near  there,  and  that  they  will  reopen  the  old  San 
Fernando  copper  mine  below  San  Quintin. 

After  five  years  of  continuous  working,  the  Arivaipa  mines, 
Graham  county,  Ariz.,  have  closed  down.  The  workings  have 
reached  a  depth  of  580  feet  and  can  be  sunk  no  further  with- 
heavier  machinery  to  handle  the  water. 

The  Inter-Mmintain  says :      "Though   there  are  many   idle 

men  here,  it  is  probably  true  that  Butte  is  the  most  pi*osper- 

ous  town  in  North  America.    It  will  produce  this  year  200,000,- 

000  pounds  of  copper,  §5,000,000  in  silver  and  §2,000,000 in  gold." 

Instead  of  the  usual  military  pageant,  Sacramento  will  have 


a  grand  electrical  displa)  on  the  Fourth  of  Ju  |      Ch       session 
win  be  made  one  of  celebration  over  the  in  trod  m  Lion  oi  a  WOO- 
horse  power  electric  current  from  the  big  American  river  dam 
near  Folsom. 
w.  c  Ralston,  ol   the  State  Miners'  Association, 

■  red  an  interesting  address  lasl  Saturday  oighl  before 
the  Miners"  Union  at  Crass  Valley,  urging  the  members  to 
assisl  the  State  Association  in  their  flght  to  protect  mineral 
lands  of  the  State. 

A  Spokane,  Wash,,  dispatch  of   May  39th  says:     "The 
Kansas  City  Smelting  Company  purchased  the  Cliff  mini 
Trail  I  Ireek  to-daj ,  paying  tor  it  (110,000.      A  recenl  strike  in 
the  mine  disclosed  an  ore   vein  eighteen   reet   in   thickness, 
yielding  assays  of  (78  in  gold  to  the  tOD 

Thb  WeaverviUe,  Trinity  Co.,  Journal  says:  "The  Buily- 
choop  mine  has  been  bonded  to  an  Eastern  syndicate  for  a 
period  of  ninety  days  for  $500,000.  It.  at  the  expiration  of  the 
time,  the  syndicate  decides  to  take  the  mine,  one-third  of  the 
above  amount  is  to  be  paid,  the  balance  later." 

TnEcostof  producing  an  ounce  of  fine  gold  from  the  Inde- 
pendence, Col.,  mine  for  the  four  months  of  this  year  has  been 
$1.25;  from  the  Victor,  for  over  two  years,  $5.87;  from  the 
Portland  mine,  for  the  past  nine  months,  $6;  and  lor  fourteen 
days  in  March  last,  from  the  Bogart  claim,  95  cents. 

Is-  1891,  says  the  Review^  there  were  13,000  miners  engaged 
in  mining  in  Colorado.  By  midsummer  of  1892  the  number 
had  been  reduced  to  about  SOW.  Midsummer,  1804,  saw  about 
0000  again  employed,  mostly,  however,  in  leasing.  In  all 
probability  the  best  obtainable  records  will  show  about  8000 
engaged  the  coming  summer. 

Tni:  Morning  mine,  in  the  Cceur  d'Alenes,  which  was  re- 
cently run  on  the  co-operative  system,  has  been  leased  by  the 
Messrs.  Longmaid,  who  commence  work  this  week.  They 
have  investigated  the  property  and  concluded  to  pay  £3.50  to 
all  hands.  It  is  thought  that  the  Bunker  Hill  &  Sullivan 
Company  will  come  to  the  same  conclusion  sooner  or  later. 

The  Redding  Democrat  has  an  advertisement  of  the  S.  P. 
Co.'s  intention  to  apply  for  patent  to  certain  lands,  of  which 
the  following  are  in  Trinity  Co.  :  Township  33  north,  range 
10  west,  NR}£  of  section  15;  all  of  section  21;  N%  SW%  N%  of 
SEJ<  and  SWJ£  of  SE%  of  section  25 ;  VV1 :  of  NE\,  N  W1.i'and 
SW%  of  section  27;  all  of  section  33;  township  38  north,  range 
8  west,  E.%  of  section  21. 

A  New  York  dispatch  of  last  Wednesday  says  that  the 
petition  for  an  order  to  show  cause  why  the  Western  Nevada 
Mining  Company  should  not  be  voluntarily  dissolved  was  pre- 
sented to  Chief  Justice  Daily  in  the  special  term  of  the  Su- 
preme Court  the  previous  day.  The  company  was  formed  with 
a  capital  of  $250,000  to  purchase,  work  and  develop  certain  min- 
ing claims  in  Esmeralda  county,  Nevada. 

It  seems,  says  the  Colorado  Springs  Gazette,  that  there  are 
two  factions  among  the  miners  at  Cripple  Creek.  The  Cosur 
d'Alene  men  now  number  about  200,  and  they  have  run  thiDgs 
with  a  high  hand,  but  the  old  Colorado  men  don't  care  to  be 
dictated  to  longer  by  the  Montana  outfit.  As  a  consequence 
there  is  bad  blood  and  much  feeling.  The  killing  of  Jack 
Smith  and  George  Pobst,  two  of  the  Colorado  division,  has  in- 
tensified it. 

J.  W.  Arthur,  vice-president  of  the  Negro  Creek  Nickel 
and  Copper  Mining  Company  of  Leavenworth,  Wash,  says: 
"The  deposits  of  nickel  ore  in  the  Negro  Creek,  Ingalls  Creek 
and  Ruby  Creek  districts  is  "Simply  wonderful.  Negotiations 
are  now  under  way  for  the  construction  of  a  smelter  some- 
where near  these  mines  for  the  treatment  of  this  ore;  and  if 
we  are  successful— and  present  indications  are  favorable- 
there  will  be  a  mining  boom  over  there.'7 

There  is  trouble  over  the  Magalia,  Butte  Co.,  mine.  Years 
ago  the  shaft  filled  with  water,  but  recently,  at  considerable 
outlay,  a  new  shaft  was  sunk  300  feet,  and,  local  reports  as- 
sert, $100,000  was  about  to  be  invested  in  further  development 
when  a  company  of  men  "jumped  "  the  ground  and  filed  a  lo- 
cation, under  the  name  of  the  Trilby  placer  mine.  Now,  liti- 
gation and  vexatious  expense  ensues— another  instance  of  the 
necessity  of  securing  a  U.  S.  patent  to  a  claim. 

Because  of  alleged  failure  to  comply  with  the  requirement 
of  paying  the  five  per  cent  export  duty  on  gold  sent  out  of 
Mexico,  the  Mexican  Government  last  week  notified  Ameri- 
can placer  miners  at  Juarez,  a  few  miles  south  of  the  line, 
that  they  must  buy  the  land  occupied  for  mining  purposes,  at 
the  rate  of  $250  per  acre,  or  get  out.  Some  have  gone,  and  the 
remainder  are  undecided  whether  to  leave  their  claims  or 
light.     The  matter  seems  susceptible  of  arbitration. 

The  Col.  North-Londonderry  collapse  has  largely  affected 
the  promotion  of  mining  companies  in  West  Australia,  for 
though  it  is  certain  that  there  were  a  score  or  more  companies 
whose  prospectuses  were  ready  for  publication,  it  has  in  most 
cases  been  deemed  advisable  not  to  go  to  the  public  just  yet. 
Of  the  seven  companies  who  have  done  so,  six  refer  to  the 
Coolgat'die  district  and  the  remaining  one  to  the  Murchison 
gold  field,  and  a  total  capital  of  £750,000  has  beeu  asked  for. 
In  March  the  capital  of  the  companies  promoted  was  over  one 
million  sterling. 

A  writer  in  an  Eastern  contemporary  furnishes  statistics 
showing  that  the  mai'ket  price  of  chemically  pure  cyanide  of 
potassium  has  fallen  in  eighteen  years  from  $1.50  per  pound  to 
fifty  ccuts,  and  concludes  that  this  has  had  as  much  to  do 
with  the  commercial  success  of  the  cyanide  process  as  the  in- 
vention itself.  But  that  is  like  the  man  who  drank  because 
his  wife  had  hysterics,  the  cause  of  the  wife's  hysterics  being 
because  her  husband  drank.  The  invention  is  the  cause  of 
the  demand,  and  the  increased  product  by  reason  of  this  de- 
mand the  cause  of  the  decreased  price. 

Baron  de  Choisy,  representing  the  Society  of  Industries, 
Mining  and  Science3,  of  France,  M.  Bourgade,  editor  of  the 
Paris  Matin,  and  D.  L.  V.  Browu,  a  mining  engineer,  have 
been  examining  mining  properties  in  Amador  and  Nevada 
counties  with  a  view  to  purchase,  and  have  about  closed  a 
purchase  on  behalf  of  French  capitalists  of  a  mining  property 
near  Grass  Valley.  France  is  investing  considerable  at  pres- 
ent in  South  African  mines,  but  is  not  oblivious  to  the  fact 
that  California  possesses  solid  attractions  for  profitable  in- 
vestment. French  capital  has  recently  gone  into  Shasta  and 
Trinity  counties. 

Regarding  the  Nevada  Co.  Electric  Power  Co.'s  operation, 
A.  Tregidgo  is  in  Nevada  City  this  week  and  has  made  ar- 
rangements for  preliminary  work.  A  contract  has  been  placed 
for  the  plant.  The  Union  says:  "The  capacity  of  this  ma- 
chinery will  be  2500-horse  power.  Of  this,  800-horse  power 
will  be  developed  with  the  least  possible  delay,  and  by  wire  it 
will  be  transmitted  to  Grass  Valley  and   Nevada  City,  there 


M  (hat 

by  the  isi  of  October,  at  furthest,  electric  power  will  be 
ducted  into  the  two  principal  cities  of   the  county   from   the 
site  of  Hie  works,  cm  the  South  Yuba  river. 

One  da i  last  week  Alex.  Badlaro,  who  ov  stock 

of  the  Bullion-Beck  Utah]  Co.,  asked  the  secretary  oi  the 
company  to  let  him  look  at  the  books.  Th  retarj  de- 
clined, whereupon  the  San  Franc  m  bis  choice 

to  show  the  books' or  go  to  jail,  Section  4691  ol  i  he  Terri- 
torial Penal  Code  says :  "Every  officer  or  agenl  ol  i  rtj  coi 
poration  having  or  keeping  an  office  within  this  Territory,  who 
has  in  his  custody  or  control  any  book,  paper  or  document  of 
such  corporation,  and  who  refuses  to  give  to  a  stockholder  or 
men i her  of  such  corporation,  lawfully  demanding,  during  ufn'ee 
hours,  to  inspect  or  take  a  copy  of  the  same,  or  of  any  part 
thereof  in  a  reasonable  opportunity  so  to  do,  is  guilty  ol  o 
misdemeanor."     The  secretary  didn't  go  to  jail. 

The  Bimetallic  and  t  Irani te  Mountain  mines,  at  Granite, 
Montana,  have  closed  down,  throwing  out  of  employment 
nearly  SOU  men.  The  properties  are  owned  by  St.  Louis  men, 
who  give  the  low  price  of  silver  as  the  cause  for  the  stoppage 
of  work,  claiming  they  have  operated  the  mines  at  a  loss  for 
some  time.  It  is  thought  that  the  Combination,  the  only 
other  mine  near  Granite,  will  be  shut  down,  as  the  men  have 
re  'I'd  a  proposition  to  continue  work  at  reduced  wages. 
There  has  been  a  great  deal  of  friction  between  the  mining 
companies  and  the  people  of  Granite  for  many  years.  The 
directors  of  the  Bimetal  lie  have  decided  that  Bhould  work  be 
again  resumed,  the  mine  will  be  drained  tfirough  the  big  tuu- 
uel,  which  at  present  lacks  but  200  feet  of  conuecting  with 
the  workings  of  the  mine.  They  believe  that  the  water  can 
be  drawn  off  by  means  of  a  diamond  drill,  and  thus  save  a 
large  amount  of  money,  which  otherwise  would  have  to  be  ex- 
pended in  keeping  the  mine  dry  during  the  shut-down. 

In  the  Bassick  mine  suit  at  Quiride,  near  Silver  Cliff,  in 
Custer  county,  Col.,  in  the  United  States  Court,  Judge  Riner 
has  found  for  plaintiff,  Joseph  Staples,  and  held  that  the  de- 
fendant, Dennis  Ryan  of  St.  Paul,  now  in  possession  was  not 
entitled  to  hold  the  property.  The  miue  formerly  belonged  to 
the  Bassick  Mining  Company.  The  last  year  it  was  in  opera- 
tion it  produced  over  $000,000.  The  stockholders  became  iu- 
volved  in  a  row  among  themselves,  and  the  result  was  that  in 
1887  the  property  was  sold  under  executions.  The  plaintiff  in 
the  suit,  James.  Staples,  claimed  the  property  under  one  judg- 
ment, and  the  defendant,  Ryan,  now  in  possession,  under  an- 
other judgment.  Judge  Riner's  decision  places  the  title  in 
Staples1  name.  The  mine  is  now  under  1000  feet  of  water, 
and  it  is  estimated  that  it  will  cost  to  put  the  property  in 
operation  between  §100,000  and  $150,000.  The  decision  leaves 
the  property  still  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Ryan  upon  his  filing  a 
bond  with  the  court,  which  will  be  done  as  soon  as  possible. 
The  case  will  be  appealed. 

At  last  Monday's  meeting  of  the  California  Debris  Commis- 
sion a  permit  was  granted  Steele  &  Co,,  who  have  recently 
completed  a  restraining  stone  dam  at  their  mine  near  Browns- 
ville. On  information  from  Deputy  United  States  Debris 
Commissioner  W.  W.  Waggoner,  who  made  recent  personal 
examination,  five  hydraulic  mines  were  ordered  shut  down. 
All  of  them  are  in  Plumas  couuty.  They  are  the  Mohawk, 
owned  by  S.  Sorocco;  the  Garfield  Flat,  P.  Rossi;  the  Grizzly 
Bear,  L.  Lorenzo;  the  Illinois,  Messrs.  Buckley  &  Hellmau, 
La  Porte,  and  the  Holloway.  Messrs.  Gould  &  Spencer,  Gib- 
sonville.  In  the  case  of  the  latter,  water  and  debris  escaping 
through  a  tunnel  to  a  stream  near  by  was  assigned  as  the 
cause  for  withdrawing  the  permit;  at  the  Holloway  mine  the 
restraining  dam  was  considered  by  the  inspector  insufficient ; 
in  the  cases  of  the  other  three,  leakage  of  the  dams  necessi- 
tated the  closing  of  operations,  in  the  judgment  of  the  com- 
mission. Should  the  owners  of  the  mines  thus  closed  desire 
to  resume  it  will  be  necessary  to  construct  restraining  works 
that  shall  be  considered  sufficiently  strong  by  the  commission 
and  make  re-application  to  resume,  when,  upon  inspection,  if 
satisfactorily  reported  upon,  the  permits  in  each  case  will  be 
issued,  not  as  a  renewal,  but  in  the  same  form  throughout  as 
though  issued  for  the  first  time. 


Books  Received. 


"  Self-Culture^"  The  Werner  Co.,  Chicago  and  New  York 
A  large  portion  of  this  is  devoted  to  ''The  Story  of  Human 
Progress.''  It  starts  with  the  proposition  that  instead  of  one 
great  ice  age  there  were  six  ice  ages  in  primitive  times;  six 
different  epochs  of  terribly  Arctic  cold  over  a  great  part  of 
the  globe,  with  incalculable  accumulations  of  snow  and  ice, 
ice  caps  immensely  broad  and  deep  and  heavy,  and  glaciers  of 
vast  reach  and  weight,  under  the  effects  of  which,  or  in  con- 
nection with  which,  continental  areas  sank  below  the  waters 
of  the  seas  and  sea  bottoms  were  raised  far  above  sea  level, 
alternating  with  tropical  eons  of  time  when  fervid  heat 
melted  those  ice  caps  and  made  all  earth  glow  for  ages.  It 
also  combats  the  Darwinian  theory  of  ascent  or  descent,  and 
argues  that  to  accept  his  account  of  the  origin  of  man  denotes 
"limited  comprehension  and  unlimited  credulity."  The  idea 
of  the  author  appears  to  be  that  man  is  developed  from  a  va- 
riety of  animal  progenitors,  each  of  the  great  races  being  de- 
veloped from  a  race  of  anthropoid  apes.  The  break  in  develop- 
ment from  highest  ape  brain  to  the  lowest  human  brain  has 
never  been  satisfactorily  explained.  This  author  assumes 
that  apes  of  higher  development  than  any  now  liviug  may- 
have  become  extinct,  which  is  an  easy  way  to  get  around  the 
question. 

11  Manufacture  •■!  Tin  Plate  Abroad"  is  a  compendium  of  con 
sular  reports  received  from  the  Government  Bureau  of  Statis- 
tics. It  gives  a  more  or  less  exact  account  of  the  mode  of  tin- 
plate  manufacture  in  Austria.  Belgium,  Liege,  Paris,  Rheims, 
Berlin,  Chemuitz,  Dusseldorf,  Bristol,  Cardiff,  Liverpool, 
Swansea  and  other  European  points.  Those  reports  are 
always  valuable,  containing  information  accorded  our  official 
representatives,  and  transmitted,  usually,  in  an  impartial,  un- 
prejudiced wav.  The  one  before  us  makes  clear  the  many 
difficulties  that  lie  in  the  way  of  the  American  tin-plate 
manufacturer.  The  report  of  Lorin  A.  Lathrop,  U.  S.  Consul 
at  Bristol,  England,  is  particularly  interesting.  He  sends  a 
report  upon  the  tiu-plate  industry  of  South  Wales,  and  says: 
"The  answers,  obtained  with  some  difficulty,  come  from  three 
independent  sources,  '['hough  tersely  expressed,  they  con- 
tain information  that  is  usually  guarded  with  the  utmost 
jealousy."  The  facts  and  figures  sent  by  Mr.  Lathrop  are 
comprehensive  and  evidently  authentic,  and  the  tables  show- 
ing relative  cost  of  production  demonstrate  that  the  item  of 
wages  of  skilled  workers  is  one  of  the  great  factors  in  the 
advantage  possessed  by  the  Cardiff  manufacture!^.  Inci- 
dentally it  is  shown  that  while  the  exports  of  tin  plate  to  the 
United  States  for  the  six  mouths  ending  June  30,  '93,  aggre- 
gated in  value  £10,234,438,  the  exports  for  the  corresponding 
six  months  of  last  year  aggregated  but  £5,984,413. 


344 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


June  1,  1895. 


Further 


Notes     on     the     Gold     Ores    of 
California. 


Written  by  H.  W.  TURNEB. 

Some  brief  notes  were  published  in  the  American 
Journal  of  Science  on  the  gold  ores  of  California  in 
June,  1894,  and  the  following  may  be  considered  as 
an  appendix  to  that  article  : 

Gold  in,  Barite. — During  the  past  summer  the 
writer  examined  some  gold  veins  on  Big  Bend 
mountain,  in  Butte  county,  California,  and  found 
that  one  of  them  was  of  an  unusual  character.  The 
vein  is  known  as  the  Pinkstown  ledge.  It  is  located 
about  a  half-mile  due  south  of  the  highest  point  of 
Big  Bend  mountain  (Bidwell  Bar  atlas  sheet).  The 
ledge  strikes  N.  13°  W.  and  dips  at  a  high  angle  (about 
80°;.  It  is  from  two  to  three  feet  wide  where  best 
exposed  at  the  north  end,  and  is  composed  of  a  soft, 
heavy  mineral,  some  of  which  is  coarsely  crystalline, 
with  a  granular  structure,  but  most  of  it  is  finer 
grained  with  a  schistose  arrangement  of  the  gran- 
ules. No  single  crystals  of  the  minerals  were  noted 
having  a  greater  maximum  diameter  than  five-eights 
of  an  inch.  Some  of  them  show  plainly  a  character- 
istic cleavage.  Dr.  Hillebrand  made  a  chemical  ex- 
amination of  this  soft  mineral  and  reported  it  to  be 
barite.  Three  sections  of  the  barite  were  examined 
microscopically,  and  these  show  that  when  fresh 
there  is  scarcely  any  impurity  in  the  mineral,  and  in 
fact  no  other  substance  was  noted  except  scattered 
minute  reddish  opaque  grains,  which,  as  seen  under 
the  microscope,  are  reddish-yellow  by  reflected  light, 
without  metallic  luster.  They  may  be  limonite. 
Many  of  the  barite  grains  show  distinct  cleavages, 
which  appear  in  the  thin  sections  to  intersect  at 
nearly  right  angles.  A  tendency  to  a  radical 
structure  like  that  of  epidote  was  noted  at  several 
points.  The  relief  of  the  barite  is  rather  high.  A 
sample  was  examined  for  gold  by  Dr.  Stokes,  who 
reported  that  "the  barite  contains  gold  but  too 
small  in  amount  to  be  determined  in  the  wet  way. " 
There  is  said,  however,  to  be  enough  gold  in  the  de- 
posit to  pay  to  work,  and  the  writer  understood  that 
the  owner  of  the  ledge  obtained  gold  from  it  by 
grinding  up  the  ore  in  a  hand  mortar  and  panning  it. 
A  considerable  part  of  Big  Bend  mountain,  as  ex- 
posed along  the  road  from  the  bridge  over  the  west 
branch  of  the  north  fork  of  the  Feather  river  to  the 
abandoned  village  of  Big  Bend,  is  made  up  of  clay 
slates,  probably  Paleozoic  in  age,  with  layers  of 
greenstone  schists,  representing  original  augitic 
tuffs.  The  rocks  along  the  east  and  south  base  of 
the  mountain,  as  seen  along  the  river  (the  north 
Pork  of  the  Feather),  are  almost  entirely  green- 
stones, with  one  or  two  layers  of  sedimentary  mica 
schists.  These  greenstones  are  largely  amphibolitic 
rocks  representing  original  surface  lavas  and  tuffs, 
probably  augitic  porphyrites,  but  now  containing 
little  or  no  augite.  The  exact  nature  of  the  schist 
enclosing  the  barite  vein  was  not  determined.  The 
south  extension  of  the  Pinkstown  ledge,  owned  by 
Clarke,  was  examined,  but  no  barite  was  found,  the 
rock  on  the  dump  being  a  white,  fine-grained  schist, 
with  a  greasy  feel.  This,  as  seen  in  this  section,  is 
composed  chiefly  of  minute,  brightly  polarizing 
fibers,  perhaps  talc,  with  numerous  minute  cubes  of 
pyrite,  arranged  in  rows. 

Gold  Associated  with  Tale  Schists. — The  magnesian 
rocks  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  consist  chiefly  of  serpen- 
tine and  talc  and  chlorite  schists.  All  of  these  rocks, 
together  with  some  others  of  similar  origin,  are 
frequently  found  in  the  same  area,  the  different  va- 
rieties alternating  rapidly  in  a  perplexing  manner. 
There  are,  however,  especially  in  the  area  of  the 
Bidwell  Bar  atlas  sheet  (Butte  and  Plumas  counties), 
very  considerable  streaks  of  talc  and  chlorite  schists 
with  little  or  no  serpentine.  It  has  been  noted  by 
the  writer  that  while  quartz  veins  are  very  common 
iu  the  talc-schist  belts,  they  are  very  rare  in  the 
serpentine.  Veins  containing  gold  and  forming 
pocket  mines  do  exist  in  the  serpentine  areas,  but  in 
the  two  examples  which  the  writer  has  himself  seen 
there  is  talc  schist  directly  associated  with  the  vein, 
forming  one  or  both  walls. 

One  of  the  veins  here  referred  to  occurs  on  the 
Downieville  sheet  in  Sierra  county,  on  the  spur  north 
of  Rock  Creek  and  one  and  a  half  miles  east  of  Good- 
year's  Bar.  Here  is  a  small  quartz  vein  in  serpen- 
tine with  talc  schist  forming  one  wall.  This  vein  had 
evidently  been  worked  for  gold,  and  the  writer  was 
informed  that  a  gold  pocket  was  found  in  it. 

The  other  mine  is  in  Mariposa  county,  on  the 
Mariposa  estate,  and  is  in  charge  of  Mr.  Ludwig, 
who  kindly  showed  me  the  deposit.  There  is  here  a 
streak  of  talc  schist  in  serpentine  near  the  west 
border  of  the  large  belt  of  that  rock  that  extends 
from  near  Princeton  to  Mariposa,  forming  the 
high  ridge  just  west  of  the  latter  town.  The  exact 
locality  is  one  and  three-fourths  miles,  a  little  south 
of  east  from  Princeton.  The  deposit  consists, 
besides  the  talc,  of  white  dolomite,  looking  precisely 
like  that  associated  with  mariposite  at  the  Josephine 
mine,  near  Bear  Valley,  pyrite  and  a  black  mineral, 
the  latter  occurring  in  plates  with  metallic  surfaces 
in  the  dolomite.  This  black  mineral  was  determined 
by  Dr.  W.  F.  Hillebrand  to  be  titanic  iron  ore 
(ilmenite).  The  gold  occurs  native  in  the  talc  schist, 
and  the  pyrite  aud  ilmenite  are  also  saved  for  reduc- 


tion.    The  writer's  notes  make  no  meution  of  quartz 
in  this  vein. 

As  stated  above,  the  talc,  chlorite  and  other  asso- 
ciated schists  form  considerable  belts  in  the  area  of 
the  Bidwell  Bar  atlas  sheet,  and  contain  frequent 
quartz  veins,  as  may  well  be  seen  at  Quartz  Hill, 
north  of  Lumpkin.  The  writer  knows  of  no  case, 
however,  where  one  of  these  veins  has  proved  to  be 
large  enough  and  to  contain  enough  gold  to  warrant 
the  erection  of  a  quartz  mill. 

The  rare  occurrence  of  quartz  veins  in  serpentine, 
a  very  basic  maguesian  rock,  and  their  comparative 
abundance  in  talc  rocks,  which  are  much  more  acid, 
would  seem  to  indicate  a  connection  between 
quartz  veins  aud  the  rock  in  which  they  form. 
But  as  both  these  rocks  are  altered  forms  of  deep- 
seated  igneous  rocks,  it  does  not  follow  that  the 
silica  of  any  particular  quartz  vein  was  leached  out 
of  the  wall  rock  and  re-deposited  nearly  in  place. 
These  igneous  masses  may  extend  to  a  great  depth 
and  the  ascending  hot  waters  and  gases  may  have 
been  in  contact  with  rock  like  the  wall  rock  for  a 
long  distance  and  for  a  considerable  time. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  quartz  veins  are  more  com- 
mon in  California  in  sedimentary  rocks  which  are  not 
presumed  to  extend  deep  into  the  earth's  crust, 
than  in  igneous  masses.  The  cause  of  this  is  more 
probably  a  physical  than  a  chemical  one,  for  fissures 
form  more  readily  in  sedimentary  than  in  massive 
igneous  rocks.  It  is  extremely  likely  that  the  sedi- 
mentary series  of  the  gold  belt  of  California  is  under- 
lain throughout  by  granite,  and  that  this  rock  is  the 
chief  source  of  the  silica  of  the  quartz  veins  in  the 
clay  slates,  and  other  associated  rocks. 

Serpentine  being  a  rock  in  which  fissures  may  be 
supposed  to  form  with  difficulty,  it  is  by  no  means 
improbable  that  there  is  a  physical  as  well  as  a 
chemical  reason  for  the  lack  of  quartz  veins  in  that 
rock. 

Mariposite. — The  green  micaceous  mineral  called 
mariposite  by  Silliman  occurs  abundantly  at  the 
Josephine  mine,  near  Bear  Valley.  Several  speci- 
mens of  this  were  obtained  in  1893,  and  submitted  to 
Prof.  F.  W.  Clarke  for  analysis.  Thin  sections  of 
the  material  were  made  and  these  show  that  the 
mineral  is  micaceous,  nearly  colorless  or  slightly 
greenish  with  brilliant  polarizing  colors,  resembling 
talc.  There  appears  to  be  no  perceptible  pleochro- 
ism.  The  mineral  is  in  the  form  of  fibers  and  minute 
irregular  foils  with  ragged  edges,  and  extinguishes 
nearly  or  quite  parallel  to  the  longer  axis  of  the 
fibers.  Microscopically  it  is  not  all  green,  some  of 
it  being  nearly  white.  Two  analyses  are  appended 
by  Dr.  Hillebrand,  one  of  the  green,  and  the  other  of 
the  white  mineral. 

Analyses  of  Mariposite.    (JfSS  Sierra  Nevada  Coll.) 

Green.       White. 

SiO 55.35  56.79 

Ti02 18  /       „529 

Al3Os 25.62  (        "°-'w 

Cr,Oa 18         none. 

Fel03 63/  159 

FeO 92)         loa 

CaO 07  .07 

MgO 3.25  3  29 

K,0 9.29  8.92 

(LiNa).,0* 12  .17J 

H,Ot 3.52  4.72 


100.13 


100.84 


*  Very  strong  lithium  reaction, 
t  No  water  given  off  below  300  C. 
i  Containing  some  KaO. 

The  thin  sections  show  that  there  is  carbonate, 
probably  chiefly  dolomite  mixed  with  the  maraposite. 
This  with  some  carbonate  of  iron  was  extracted  with 
acetic  acid  followed  by  warm  dilute  HC1,  the  mari- 
posite substance  remaining  unattacked.  Dr.  Hille- 
brand calls  attention  to  the  resemblance  of  the  min- 
eral in  composition  to  pinite,  and  states  that  no 
definite  formula  is  deducible.  He  determined  the 
specific  gravity  of  the  green  mineral  to  be  2.817  at 
29.5°  C.  and  that  of  the  white  mineral  to  be  2.787  at 
28.5°  C.  The  occurrence  of  chromium  in  the  green 
variety  and  not  in  the  white  suggests  that  to  be  the 
cause  of  the  green  color.  While  resembling  talc 
optically  it  will  be  noted  that  the  chemical  composi- 
tion is  very  different. 

Gold  Quartz  Veins  in  Tertiary  Rocks.  —  Precious 
metal  deposits  in  rocks  of  the  tertiary  period  are 
not  uncommon  in  the  western  United  States.  As 
notable  examples  of  this  may  be  mentioned  the  Corn- 
stock  lode  in  Nevada  in  part  at  least  in  Tertiary 
lavas,  and  the  gold  and  silver  veins  of  the  Bodie  dis- 
trict in  hornblende-andesite.*  Silver  deposits  also 
occur  in  rhyolite  in  southern  California.!  But  in  the 
Sierra  Nevada  gold  quartz  veins  in  any  but  the 
Paleozoic  or  Jura-Trias  rocks  are  rare.  The  occur- 
rence of  quartz  with  native  gold  in  a  rhyolite  dike  of 
Tertiary  age  in  Plumas  county  has  already  been  de- 
scribed, i  The  gold  in  the  Silver  Mountain  district 
in  Alpine  county  (Markleeville  atlas  sheet)  is  in 
chalcedonic  quartz  in  Tertiary  andesitic  tuffs  and 
the  deposits  of  the  Monitor  district  are  likewise  in 
Tertiary  volcanic  rocks.  One  of  the  ore  specimens 
given  the  writer  by  Judge  Arnot  as  corning  from  the 
last  district  is  chalcedonic  quartz  containing  gold. 

*  This  was  first  noted  by  Mr.  W.  Lindgren. 

t  W.  Lindgren,  Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Mng.  Eng.,  February,  1887. 
I  American  Journal  of  Scienoe.  vol.  xlvli,  p.  472. 


In  both  districts  the  rocks  containing  the  deposits 
are  much  decomposed  by  solfataric  action,  and  both 
are  on  the  east  slope  of  the  range  in  the  Great  Basin 
drainage. 

About  one  and  a  half  miles  south  of  La  Grange  in 
Stanislaus  county  (Sonora  atlas  sheet)  in  a  flat- 
topped  hill  there  are  abundant  veins  of  white  quartz 
in  clay  which  appears  at  first  glance  to  be  the  basal 
portion  of  the  Tertiary  clastic  series  that  caps  the 
hill.  Overlying  the  clay  is  a  sandstone  containing 
pebbles  of  white  quartz  and  pearly  scales  of  a 
hydrous  silicate  of  alumina,  which  is  very  abundant 
in  the  lone  sandstone. I  The  age  of  the  sandstone  is 
thought  to  be  Miocene.  Portions  of  the  underlying 
clay  are  white  in  color,  other  portions  stained  pinkish 
in  streaks  and  patches.  When  first  visited,  some  years 
ago,  the  clay  appeared  to  the  writer  to  represent  the 
lower  clay  of  the  lone  formation,  which  is  well  ex- 
posed at  lone  and  elsewhere,  and  as  the  quartz  veins 
are  unquestionably  in  the  clay,  it  was  then  thought 
that  the  quartz  veins  were  of  Tertiary  age.  The 
quartz  is  the  white,  compact  kind  that  occurs  in  the 
majority  of  the  gold  quartz  veins,  and  not  the  chalce- 
donic quartz  known  to  exist  in  veins  in  Tertiary  rocks. 

On  a  second  visit  to  the  locality,  in  1894,  good  evi- 
dence was  found  that  the  clay  is  but  the  decomposed 
bedrock,  which  is  here  a  quartz-porphyrite.  Pebbles 
of  the  hardened  clay  were  found  in  the  lower  part  of 
the  sandstone,  and  along  some  sharp  contacts  of  the 
clay  and  overlying  sandstone  it  was  noted  that  the 
quartz  veins  stopped  short  at  this  contact.  No 
quartz  veins  were  found  with  certainty  in  the  sand- 
stone itself.  Moreover  some  cracks  in  the  clay,  ex- 
tending down  from  its  upper  surface,  were  filled 
with  the  material  of  the  sandstone,  showing  that 
these  cracks  were  in  existence  when  the  sandstone 
was  being  deposited  and  were  filled  in  from  above. 
At  the  head  of  a  little  gulch  on  the  west  side  of  the 
hill  is  a  good  exposure  of  the  clay,  with  numerous 
quartz  veins.  The  latter  have  a  varying  course,  dip- 
ping mostly  north  at  angles  from  10°  upward,  some 
veins  curving  very  noticeably  in  a  vertical  direction. 
In  some  of  this  much  stained  and  discolored  clay, 
porphyritic  quartzes  are  to  be  seen,  and  as  lower 
down  in  the  gulch  there  is  little  altered  quartz-por- 
phyrite in  place,  there  seems  little  question  that  the 
clay  is  a  decomposed  form  of  the  same  rock.  At 
other  points,  notably  on  the  east  side  of  the  hill,  the 
white  clay  shows  no  evidence  of  its  derivation  from 
the  bedrock,  being  of  even  texture  throughout  and 
without  discoloration.  Slickensided  surfaces  were 
noted  in  the  clay  at  several  points,  along  seams  that 
intersect  at  varying  angles. 

Tetrahedrite. — This  sulphide  of  copper  and  antimony 
has  not  often  been  noted  by  the  writer  in  the  gold 
ores  of  the  Sierra  Nevada.  What  appears  to  be  this 
mineral,  however,  occurs  very  abundantly  in  the 
quartz  veins  of  Mono  Pass,  east  of  the  Yosemite 
Valley.  The  specimens  (No.  455  S.  N.  collection) 
collected  there  by  the  writer  from  the  Golden  Crown 
ledge  were  examined  by  Prof.  R.  L.  Packard,  who 
reported  that  the  sulphide  is  tetrahedrite  or  an  al- 
lied mineral  giving  blowpipe  reactions  for  sulphur, 
antimony,  copper,  lead  and  iron.  The  ore  is  pre- 
sumed to  contain  silver  and  perhaps  gold,  but  neither 
of  these  were  determined. 

Mr.  W.  Lindgren  informs  me  that  he  has  detected 
tetrahedrite  at  the  following  mines:  The  Boulder, 
Hathaway,  Golden  Stag  and  Pine  Tree  mines  in  the 
Ophir  district  in  Placer  county;  the  Osborne  Hill 
mine  at  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  county;  and  the  Miller 
&  Holmes,  Knox  &  Boyle  and  Whiskey  Hill  mines  in 
Tuolumne  county,  azurite  being  associated  with  the 
tetrahedrite  in  the  last  three  mines. 

Tioga.  Mining  District. — This  is  situated  to  the 
northwest  of  Mono  Pass,  in  the  same  body  of  schists 
that  occurs  in  the  Pass.  Some  specimens  obtained 
there  in  1866  by  the  writer  from  the  Isbell  claim,  on 
Lee  Vining  creek,  were  assayed  by  Dr.  W.  H.  Mel- 
ville, with  the  following  results: 

No.  876  Sierra  Nevada  collection — 

(a)  Chiefly  made  up  of  zinc  blende;  contains  5  oz. 
gold  and  7  oz.  silver  to  the  ton. 

(Ii)  Largely  iron  and  copper  pyrites;  contains  a 
trace  of  gold  and  nearly  16  oz.  silver  to  the  ton. 

(c)  Contains  a  large  amount  of  arsenical  pyrite, 
51  oz.  gold  and  32  oz.  silver  to  the  ton. 

The  above  samples  probably  do  not  represent  an 
average  of  the  ore  and  are  merely  given  to  show  the 
association  of  minerals  in  the  vein. 

'i  American  Geologist,  vol.  xiii,  p.  240. 


Keeping  Everlastingly  At  It  Brings   Success. 

Genius  is  really  only  the  power  of  making  contin- 
uous efforts.  The  line  between  failure  and  success  is 
so  fine  that  we  scarcely  know  when  we  pass  it — so 
fine  that  we  are  often  on  the  line  and  do  not  know 
it.  How  many  a  man  has  thrown  up  his  hands  at  a 
time  when  a  little  more  effort,  a  little  more  patience 
would  have  achieverLsuccess.  As  the  tide  goes  clear 
out,  so  it  comes  clear  in.  In  business  sometimes 
prospects  may  seem  darkest  when  really  they  are  on 
the  turn.  A  little  more  persistence,  a  little  more 
effort,  and  what  seemed  hopeless  failure  may  turn  to 
glorious  success.  There  is  no  failure  except  in  no 
longer  trying.  There  is  no  defeat  except  from 
within,  no  really  insurmountable  barrier  save  our 
own  inherent  weakness  of  purpose. 


June  1    I89.V 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


34f> 


Nature's   Hydraulic   Mining. 


The  Sacramento  Record-  Union,  now  that  its  asso- 
.  iate,  the  /•'".  has  temporarily  withdrawn  active  op- 
position to  hydraulic  mining,  is  engaged  in  an  at- 
tempt to  organize  the  people  of  the  valleys  into  an- 
other i-1-u.-.ade  against  those  of  the  mountain  counties. 

The  real  problem  of  the  Sacramento  valley,  says 
the  El  Dorado  Republican,  is  not  and  never  will  be 
tin-  discontinuance  of  hydraulic  mining,  for  the  fields 
that  now  remain  accessible  to  that  class  of  industry 
are  becoming  more  and  more  limited  every  year,  and 
they  will  ultimately  become  exhausted.  The  princi- 
pal work  of  denuding  the  Sierras  by  mining  has  al- 
ready  been  accomplished,  and  when  every  ravine  and 
in  in  the  gold-bearing  region  of  the  State  was 
filled  with  miners,  the  amount  of  debris  sent  into  the 
river  systems  was  ten  thousand  times  greater  than 
it  ever  can  be  in  the  future. 

The  men  and  the  newspapers  that  complain  of  the 
tilling  of  the  Sacramento  valley  by  debris  from  the 
mountains  are  fighting  against  the  law  of  gravita- 
tion and  trying  to  prevent  muddy  water  from  run- 
ning down  hill.  Ages  in  the  past,  as  any  observer 
can  note  in  the  topography  of  the  Sacramento  val- 
ley, it  was  an  arm  of  the  sea.  Since  that  time  it  has 
been  filled  and  converted  into  the  finest  farming 
lands  of  the  State  by  the  natural  wearing  down  of 
the  hills  and  mountains  above  it.  the  river  channels 
filling  in  at  one  point,  piling  up  the  debris  into  a  long 
tongue  of  sediment  and  theu  breaking  its  way  to  an- 
other depression  till  the  lowest  places  are  brought 
up  to  the  general  level.  Thousands  and  thousands 
of  acres  of  land  in  the  valley  have  been  filled  in  by 
this  process  and  the  hills  of  the  mining  counties  worn 
down  for  hundreds  of  feet  and  torn  into  great  can- 
yons by  these  natural  forces,  unassisted  by  human 
effort,  and  yet  the  ranchers  of  the  Sacramento  valley 
and  the  people  of  the  cities  of  Sacramento  and 
Marysville  attempt  to  shift  the  responsibility  of  God 
or  Nature  upou  a  few  insignificant  miners. 

The  rancher  of  the  valley  secures  a  piece  of  boggy 
land  along  one  of  the  streams  which  ordinarily,  un- 
der natural  conditions,  would  draw  from  six  inches 
to  two  feet  of  water  in  a  wet  season;  he  fences  this 
land  with  mud  levees  to  keep  the  stream  away 
that  is  merely  obeying  the  laws  of  Nature  in  trying 
to  fill  it,  and  thereafter  he 
howls  against  the  miners 
for  destroying  his  prop- 
erty. 

No  matter  what  men  and 
human  laws  and  courts 
may  do  in  relation  to  the 
Sacramento  valley,  no  mat- 
ter whether  mining  is  con- 
tinued or  discontinued  on 
the  slopes  of  the  Sierras, 
the  laws  of  Nature  will 
continue  in  force  and  the 
extremely  low  grounds  sur- 
rounding every  stream  in 
the  State  will  ultimately 
befilled  whether  men  de- 
sire that  result  or  not.  If 
every  miner  in  the  mount- 
ains was  driven  out  of  the 
State  and  every  human  be- 
ing was  driven  out  of  the 
mining  counties,  the  wear 
and  tear  of  floods  would 
go  on  in  the  future  as  they 
have  in  the  past,  wearing 
down  the  hills  and  filling  in 
the  valleys.  There  is  no 
way  in  which  man  can  pre- 
vent this  result,  so  long  as 
rain  continues  to  fall  and 
rivers  to  flow.  Already 
the  debris  sent  down  from 
the  cultivation  of  land  in 
the  foothills  is  greater  in 
most  counties  than  the  silt 
from  hydraulic  mining.  Ev- 
ery piece  of  plowed  land 
washes  in  spite  of  all  the 
hill  rancher's  care,  and  his 
best  soil  is  virtually  stolen 
from  him  by  natural  agen- 
cies and  taken  to  the 
valleys,  to  build  them  into 
farms  for  other  men.    Are 

these  foothill  ranchers  to  be  prevented  from  plowing 
their  ground  because  this  act  makes  mud  that  trou- 
bles the  valley  people  ?  Each  rancher  does  only  a 
small  damage,  but  in  the  aggregate  it  is  far  greater 
than  what  is  inflicted  by  the  miners,  for  every  bit  of 
cultivated  soil  sends  its  muddy  stream  in  winter. 

There  is  a  broader  and  a  higher  conception  of  the 
debris  question  than  has  yet  been  reached  by  thead- 
voeates  of  either  of  the  conflicting  interests,  and  it  is 
that  man  may  assist  the  powerful  forces  of  Nature, 
but  he  cannot  operate  in  direct  conflict  with  them. 
If  the  National  or  the  State  Government,  or  both 
united,  can  devise  plans  for  diverting  debris  from 
the  mountains  into  the  tule  beds  of  the  valley,  so  as  to 
complete  the  natural  process,  well  and  good;  but  if 
that  cannot  be  done,  the  people  may  expect  to  raise 
levees  higher  and  higher  and  "to  live  constantly  under 


greater  danger,  for,  no  matter  whether  mining 
ceases  or  not,  the  debris  will  continue  to  come 
down. 

24-Inch   Friction   Feed   Planer. 


The  accompanying  cut  portrays   a  planer   with   a 
!  friction  feed,  whereby  the   operator  can   lesson  the 
I  feed  to  one-third  of  the  regular   or   increase   it   one- 
half  when  common  work  is  to  be  rushed  through  the 
machine. 
He  can  also  feed  back  again   in  case  a  larger  or 


s 


24-INCH    FRICTION     FEED    PLANER. 

smaller  cut  is  wanted.  The  change  can  be  made 
instantly  without  changing  belts,  and  is  considered 
of  great  value  when  taking  extremely  heavy  cuts  or 
when  planing  parquet  flooring  or  any  other  work 
where  more  or   less  against   the   grain    has   to  be 


THE  FOOS  GAS  AND  GASOLINE  ENGINE. 

planed.     Floor  space,    five  feet   six   inches   by  four 
feet  eight  inches. 


In  his  famous  speech  on  conciliation  with  America, 
Burke  uttered  a  text  which  each  of  us  may  profit- 
ably ponder:  "All  government,  indeed  every  human 
benefit  and  enjoyment,  every  virtue  and  every  pru- 
dent act,  is  founded  on  compromise  and  barter.  We 
balance  inconveniences;  we  give  and  take;  we  remit 
some  rights  that  we  may  enjoy  others."  These  few 
lines  epitomize  all  human  action.  Whatever  be  our 
occupations  and  ambitions,  it  is  impossible  to  pro- 
gress with  our  cherished  undertakings  until  we  re- 
alize that,  of  all  the  necessities  of  social  or  industrial 
life,  none  is  greater  than  the  spirit  of  mutual  com- 
promise. 


The  Foos  Gas  and   Gasoline  Engine. 

The  use  of  gasoline  engines  as  an  economical  form 
of  power,  in  situations  whose  demands  are  in  the 
range  of  the  capacity  of  these  engines,  is  constantly 
inn-easing.  San  Francisco  manufacturers  are  pro- 
ducing a  superior  type  of  engine  and  the  large  num- 
ber of  orders  show  the  favor  with  which  this  form  el 
motor  is  received.  The  Foos  Gas  and  Gasoline  En- 
gine Co.,  of  Springfield,  Ohio,  also  lay  claim  to  many 
points  of  merit,  and  an  illustration  and  description 
of  their  engine  is  of  practical  interest,  the  points  of 
similarity  and  difference  being  readily 
recognizable.  The  charge  of 
gasoline  is  ignited  by  a  small  electric 
battery.  The  engine,  it  is  claimed 
will  run  for  months  without  any  clean 

Iing  or  other  care  than  oiling  bear- 
ings, filling  oil  cups  and  seeing  that 
the  electric  battery  is  in  good  work- 
ing condition. 
— «  The  illustration  presented  herewith 
has  the  parts  lettered  as  follows: 
A,  exhaust  pipe,  exhaust  chamber 
and  exhaust  valve;  />',  exploding 
chamber;  ( ',  inlet  valve  in  exploding 
chamber;  l>,  stationary  electrode;  E, 
revolving  electrode;  N,  spring  crank; 
F,  rod  which  gives  revolving  motion 
to  electrode  E:  It,  brass  pipe  convey- 
ing gasoline  from  pump  /'  to  mixing 
pipe  M;  G,  stop  cock  for  escape  of 
compressed  gas;  A",  crank  disk  for 
regulating  time  of  explosion  of  gas 
in  exploding  chamber  S;  L,  gov- 
ernor; jl/,  mixing  pipe  for  admission 
of  pure  air;  P,  gasoline  pump.  The 
motive  power  is  secured  by  drawing 
pure  air  into  the  pipe  M  and  there, 
mixing  it  with  a  few  drops  of  gasoline 
thrown  into  this  pipe  by  the  pump  at 
every  other  revolution  of  the  fly- 
wheel. It  is  thence  drawn  by  the  suction  of  the. 
piston  in  its  outward  movement  into  the  cylinder 
through  the  exploding  chamber  B.  The  explosive 
gas  thus  formed  is  compressed  by  the  return  move- 
ment of  the  piston  and  then  exploded  by  an  electric 
spark.  The  cylinder  is  sur- 
rounded by  a  water  jacket 
in  which  soft  water  is  used. 
Connecting  with  the  ex- 
ploding chamber  is  the  in- 
let valve  C,  which  is  open- 
ed and  closed  at  every  a' 
ternate  revolution. 

The  spark  in  the  explod- 
ing chamber  is  produced 
by  the  connection  and  sep- 
aration of  the  inner  points 
of  the  electrodes  D  and  E. 
These  points  come  togeth- 
er at  every  revolution  of 
E.  The  electrode  D  is 
made  to  screw  further  in, 
so  that  when  the  inside 
end  is  worn  off  it  can  still 
be  kept  in  contact  with 
the  end  of  E. 

The  governor  L  is  par- 
ticularly sensitive.  If  the 
engine  runs  too  fast  the 
acorn-headed  screw  at  the 
end  of  the  shaft  can  be 
turned  in,  and  if  the  mo- 
tion is  too  slow  the  screw 
may  be  withdrawn.  The 
speed  may  also  be  con- 
trolled by  compressing  or 
loosening  the  governor 
springs  by  means  of  the 
nuts  at  the  ends. 

Two  of  the  distinctive 
features  of  the  Foos  gas 
engine  are  its  patented 
electrodes  and  governor. 
They  use  one  revolving  and 
one  stationary  electrode, 
the  revolving  one  wiping 
the  point  of  the  stationary 
electrode.  This  keeps  the 
points  always  bright,  in- 
suring a  good  electric 
spark,  permitting  the  starting  of  the  engine  in  a  few 
seconds.  These  electrodes,  in  connection  with  the 
sensitive  governor,  enable  them  to  furnish  an  engine 
that  will  give  a  steady,  unvarying  speed  suitable 
for  running  electric  light  plants  or  any  other  ma- 
chinery  requiring  -steady  speed. 

With  steel  unprotected  and  exposed  to  the  action 
of  the  weather  and  sea  water,  corrosion  is  said  to 
go  on  at  the  rate  of  1  inch  in  82  years,  while  with 
iron  the  rate  is  1  inch  in  190  years.  Exposed  to 
the  weather  and  fresh  water,  these  periods  are  in- 
creased to  1  inch  in  170  years  and  1  inch  in  630 
years,  respectively.  When  kept  completely  im- 
mersed in  sea  water  the  rate  is  said  to  be  1  inch  in 
130  years  for  steel,  and  1  inch  in  310  years  for 
iron . 


346 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


June  1,  1896. 


Mineral   Land   in  Northern   California. 


To  the  Editor  : — The  United  States  Land  De- 
partment seems  to  be  trying  to  classify  mineral  and 
agricultural  lands  by  the  smallest  legal  subdivis- 
ion. After  critically  examining  each  subdivision, 
if  no  paying  mines  are  found  it  is  called  agri- 
cultural land,  whether  it  can  be  used  as  such  or 
not,  aud  this  is  done  in  well-known  mining  sections. 
The  two  kinds  of  land  should  be  divided  in  this 
way  :  All  land  suitable  for  agricultural  purposes, 
whether  mineral  in  character  or  not,  should  be 
classified  as  agricultural  land.  All  land  mineral  in 
character  and  not  suitable  for  agricultural  uses 
should  be  classified  mineral  land,  even  though  it  does 
not  show  mineral  in  paying  quantities,  if  situated  in 
a  well-known  mining  region.  There  is  a  very  small 
amount  of  land  in  California  mineral  in  character, 
and  yet  suitable  for  agricultural  purposes. 

The  labur  of  a  commission  one  year  would  classify 
all  the  land  io  California,  if  done  in  this  way,  and 
with  little  dissatisfaction  except  to  those  who  are 
trying  to  patent  mineral  as  agricultural  land. 

To  allow  this  gold-bearing  land  to  be  controlled  by 
a  monopoly  would  be  a  crime  scarcely  equaled  by  the 
demonetization  of  silver.  Prospecting  would  cease, 
for  no  one  would  care  to  be  subject  to  arrest  for 
trespass.  When  prospecting  stops  gold  mining 
ceases. 

In  a  letter  from  a  high  official  of  the  Southern 
Pacific  Railroad  Co.  to  a  land  agent  at  Portland, 
Oregon,  he  says  a  reputable  citizen,  who  at  one  time 
occupied  a  position  on  the  bench,  forwarded  to  the 
land  department  an  affidavit  declaring  that  all  land 
north  of  Township  32  north  in  the  State  of  California 
was  mineral  land.  He  said  that  if  the  Government 
pay  heed  to  such  affidavits  large  areas  of  agricul- 
tural land  would  remain  in  its  primitive  state.  The 
writer  filed  that  complaint  (but  never  occupied  a 
position  on  the  bench),  and  it  was  true,  but  was  dis- 
missed by  the  Commissioner  of  the  Laud  Office  for 
the  reason  that  there  were  non-miueral  affidavits  on 
file  in  this  office  on  the  land.  There  are  affidavits 
on  file  in  the  Land  Office  at  Washington  that  there 
is  no  mining  land  north  of  Township  32  north  in 
California,  and  the  Commissioner  believes  them. 

The  miners  of  this  State  would  like  to  know  who 
filed  those  non-mineral  affidavits,  but  have  not  yet 
succeeded  in  finding  out.  The  writer  has  made  over 
nine  thousand  gold  and  silver  assays,  and  has  shipped 
nearly  five  hundred  thousand  dollars  worth  of  gold 
ores  to  smelters  from  this  land  since  18S6. 

While  there  is  not  a  paying  mine  in  all  of  the 
smallest  legal  subdivisions  it  is  well  known  mineral 
land,  and  not  au  acre  should  be  patented  to  the  rail- 
road company,  except  some  timber  land  on  the  east 
side  of  the  Sacramento  river.  This  same  official  says 
there  are  miuiug  companies  in  this  State  holding 
under  the  placer  mining  laws  from  one  to  three 
thousand  acres  for  the  timber  only.  There  is  also  a 
railroad  company  trying  to  patent  over  two  thou- 
sand square  miles  in  Northern  California  that,  by 
the  terms  ol  their  land  grant,  and  a  decision  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  aud  the  charac- 
ter of  the  land,  they  are  not  entitled  to — not  an  acre 
of  it.  If  the  land  could  be  examined  by  a  commis- 
sion, or  the  miner  allowed  to  prove  its  character 
other  than  by  the  absurd  and  impossible  way,  the 
smallest  legal  subdivisions,  the  railroad  would  get 
no  patent  to  this  land. 

If  this  is  not  mineral  land  under  the  decision  of  the 
Supreme  Court,  there  is  none. 

One  would  suppose  from  this  official's  letter  that  a 
prospector  was  a  marauder  that  went  about  the 
country  breaking  into  private  enclosures  without 
let  or  hindrance,  and  the  best  way  to  suppress  him 
would  be  to  turn  the  mineral  land  over  to  the  rail- 
road company.  He  says  he  knows  of  no  law  that 
would  allow  anyone  to  prospect  on  company  land, 
which  is  quite  true.  It  would  stop  this  (as  he  would 
have  the  people  believe)  enemy  of  the  farmer. 

The  output  of  gold  and  silver  for  Shasta,  Siskiyou 
and  Trinity  counties  was  *2, 532, 529. 78  for  1893.  The 
output  of  these  counties  is  increasing,  and  will  con- 
tinue to  do  so,  unless  the  Government  patents  the  odd 
sections  to  the  railroad  company.  An  examination 
of  this  land  will  show  that  there  are  not  forty  acres 
in  one  body  of  agricultural  land  not  already  taken. 
The  little  there  is  has  almost  all  been  patented  years 
ago.  But  if  there  must  be  a  paying  mine  on  every 
twenty  acres,  on  odd  sections,  before  the  miner  can 
hold  it,  it  certainly  was  not  the  intent  of  Congress  to 
exempt  mineral  land  to  the  extent  of  twenty  acres 
only  for  each  paying  mine.  There  are  many  town- 
ships that  were  advertised  for  patent  by  the  Red- 
ding land  office  where  "one  might  as  well  look  for 
birds  in  the  sea  or  fish  in  the  air"  as  to  look  for 
agricultural  laud.  It  appears  to  be  a  scheme  of  the 
United  Slates  land  department  and  the  railroad 
company  to  compel  a  miner  to  prospect  his  land  judi- 
cially, and  in  small  quantities  at  a  time.  This,  no 
doubt,  will  be  as  expensive  as  running  tunnels  or 
sinking  shafts,  but  hardly  so  effective. 

To  prove  the  existence  of  soil  suitable  tor  farming 
on  top  is  more  easily  done  than   to  prove  the  exist- 
ence of  mineral  below  the  surface.     The  agricultural 
liaracter  of  the  land. is  entirely  ignored  in  this  judi- 


cial prospecting,  and  the  miner  is  called  upon  to 
prove  an  impossibility,  namely,  mineral  in  paying 
quantities  iu  each  and  every  one  of  the  smallest  legal 
subdivisions.  To  compel  a  miner  to  contend  against 
an  imaginary  agricultural  value  when  none  exists  is 
neither  law  nor  common  sense.  J.  E.  Bell. 

Shasta,  Cal.,  May  28th,  1895. 

Cripple  Creek's  Fine   Native  Gold. 


To  the  Editor: — In  your  issue  of  April  20th  there 
was  an  article  copied  from  the  Grass  Valley  Tidings 
of  April  10th,  stating  that  there  had  beeD  6.37 
ounces  of  gold  dug  from  the  ground  near  Rough  and 
Ready,  which  had  been  seut  to  the  mint  at  San  Fran- 
cisco in  the  form  of  amalgamated  cakes  and  showing 
a  fineness  of  992},  and  that  the  report  showed  the 
entire  absence  of  silver,  a  circumstance  so  rare  as  to 
deserve  prominent  mention,  and  that  it  was  believed 
that  the  Rough  and  Ready  could  go  on  record  as  a 
producer  of  the  purest  gold  dug  from  the  ground. 

I  wish  to  state,  and  I  believe  that  you  are  ready  to 
receive  all  such  information  for  publication  in  your 
valuable  journal,  that  through  the  courtesy  of  the  U. 
S.  mint  officials  of  this  city,  William  J.  Puckett,  as- 
sayer  in  charge,  I  have  been  permitted  to  examine 
the  books  and  I  find  therein  that  upon  March  14, 
1893,  there  was  deposited  134  oz.  of  gold  from  Cripple 
Creek,  Colorado,  that  went  999  fine;  no  silver.  May 
11,  1893,  48  oz.,  999  fine;  June  19,  6  oz.,  August  29, 
17  oz.,  March  5,  1894,  19  oz.,  999  fine;  different  de- 
positors. And,  besides  these,  I  find  that  on  August 
15,  29  oz.  showed  a  fineness  of  996;  no  silver.  Sep- 
tember 5,  30  oz.,  996  flue;  no  silver.  November  1,  3 
oz.,  997  fine;  January  20,  1S94,  5  oz.,  997  fine;  Febru- 
ary 9,  1894,  7  oz.,  997  fine,  and  March  19,  19  oz  ,  996 
fine.  I  also  find  recorded  therein  seven  other  en- 
tries, all  deposits  made  from  Cripple  Creek,  ranging 
from  993J  to  9952v  in  fineness—from  March  1,  1893,  to 
March  1,  1894.  All  these  deposits  were  from  the 
Cripple  Creek  gold  camp,  El  Paso  county,  Colorado. 
The  names  of  the  depositors  are  to  be  found  upon  the 
books  of  the  United  States  mint  and  are  withheld 
from  mention  in  this  article  at  the  request  of  the 
mint  officials. 

Cripple  Creek  is  on  record  as  the  producer  of  the 
finest  native  gold  in  the  world.  The  most  of  this 
gold  that  is  found  so  fine  in  nature  is  in  the  form  of 
cubes,  and  I  believe  very  rare.  1  have  in  my  office 
some  specimens  of  same  gold  which  will  be  on  exhibi- 
tion at  the  Mining  and  Industrial  Exhibition  to  be 
held  in  this  city  in  1896.  The  placer  gold  of  Cripple 
Creek  is  worth  $20  an  ounce,  upon  an  average.  The 
placer  gold  of  Park  county,  Colorado,  in  the  Tarry- 
all  district,  is  worth,  upon  an  average,  S19.90  an 
ounce.     Respectfully  yours,    Thomas  B.  Everett. 

Denver,  Colo.,  May'22,  1895. 

South   African   American   Exhibition. 


Coast  Industrial  Notes. 


Under  date  of  April  4th,  I.  F.  Webner  writes  from 
Cape  Town,  South  Africa,  as  follows: 

"  Several  South  African  merchants.  American  and 
otherwise,  together  with  our  local  consul,  have  dis- 
cussed the  idea  of  an  American  exhibition  to  be  held 
in  South  Africa  during  November,  1896  (our  spring, 
your  fall),  at  some  city  to  be  subsequently  decided 
upon.  The  enormous  strides  made  by  this  country 
during  the  last  few  years  have  been  most  remark- 
able, aud  such  a  scheme,  if  properly  worked  out, 
would  form  an  unrivalled  advertisement  which  would 
be  noticed  by  the  whole  of  South  Africa,  and  not  con- 
fined to  any  one  place;  and  as  this  is  pre-eminently 
the  land  of  the  future,  it  is  well  worthy  of  your  at- 
tention. On  behalf  of  the  Provisional  Committee,  I 
should  be  pleased  to  supply  you  with  any  statistics 
or  information  generally  as  to  the  country's  re- 
sources and  trade,  and  arrangements  would  be  made 
for  a  special  low  freight  rate. 

"  Before  submitting  a  draft  prospectus,  the  feeling 
of  manufacturers  and  merchants  iu  America  towards 
such  a  project  is  being  tested,  and  I  trust  to  hear 
favorably  from  you." 

The  secretary's  address  is  Box  429,  Cape  Town, 
S.  A.     The  matter  is  worthy  of  local  attention. 


Where   Wampum   Is  Still  Used. 


"A  small  part  of  the  commerce  of  the  world  is 
still  carried  on  by  the  use  of  shells  as  a  medium  of 
exchange,"  says  E.  G.  Woodcraft,  a  New  York 
broker.  "  The  Portuguese  found  this  sort  of  money 
in  use  by  the  natives  of  the  eastern  coast  of  Africa 
when  they  opened  up  trade  in  that  region,  and  have 
found  it  to  their  advantage  to  continue  the  practice. 
Fortunes  are  said  to  have  been  made  by  collecting 
the  shells  on  one  part  of  the  African  coast  and  put- 
ting them  in  circulation  at  a  poiut  only  a  few  hundred 
miles  away.  These  shells  are  sold  by  weight.  The 
price  varies  according  as  the  supply  compares  with 
the  demand.  Prices  have  been  known  to  double  and 
even  treble  within  a  few  months.  The  prices  also 
vary  greatly  within  short  distances.  What  has  cost 
the  merchant  from  50  cents  to  $1  in  the  market,  will 
often  bring  him  $7  or  $8  worth  of  goods  '  in  another 
market." 


—The  new  860,000  crane  at  Mare  Island  has  been -satisfac- 
torily tested. 

—Oregon  expects  to  sell  100,000  bales  of  hops  this  year. 
Last  year's  crop  was  65,000  bales. 

— W.  E.  Henry  has  sued  the  city  of  Sacramento  to  recover 
*563,2S5  for  alleged  violation  of  a  contract  to  supply  the  city 
with  clear  water. 

—A  separate  receiver  has  been  appointed  for  the  Colorado 
Midland  railway,  although  its  capital  stock  is  owned  by  the 
Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe. 

— The  Amoor  River  Co.,  of  Siberia,  are  having  built  twenty- 
two  500-ton  steel  barges.  Half  the  number  have  been  con- 
tracted for  at  the  Union  Iron  Works. 

— The  Panama  R.  R.  Co.  has  a  contract  with  four  additional 
steamers  to  ply  between  Panama  and  San  Francisco,  stopping 
regularly  at  Mexican  and  Central  American  ports. 

— J.  Van  Buskirk,  of  Michigan,  has  bought  20,000  acres  of 
sugar  pine  in  Calaveras  Co.,  and  has  a  force  of  men  clearing 
out  the  Mokelumne  to  float  the  logs  to  a  point  where  they  will 
be  sawed. 

— The  Girard  Water  Wheel  Company  is  building  a  200-borse 
power  plant  for  the  Light  and  Power  Company  of  Ontario, 
Cal.,  and  has  shipped  a  20  H.  P.  plant  to  the  North  Star  Min- 
ing Company,  Grass  Valley. 

—Nearly  8100,000  will  be  expended  this  summer  by  the 
Market  Street  Railway  Co.  of  this  city  in  the  improvement 
and  extension  of  the  Ellis  and  O'Farrell  street  electric  lines, 
including  twenty-four  new  cars,  costing  -S72,000. 

— An  Anglo-Canadian  syndicate  is  about  to  purchase  a  num- 
ber of  wooden  sailing  vessels  in  England,  with  a  view  to  estab- 
lish in  British  Columbia  and  along  Puget  sound  a  local  lumber 
fleet.  The  vessels  will  be  of  moderate  size,  ranging  from  600 
to  1000  tons  register. 

— Boise  City,  Idaho,  reports  that  the  long-talked-of  railroad 
from  Butte,  Mont.,  to  Reno,  via  Boise  City,  will  soon  be  built. 
H.  H.  Daniels,  representing  Philadelphia  'and  New  York  capi- 
talists, is  making  final  arrangements.  The  business  men  of 
Boise  City  will  put  up  the  required  8100,000  bonus. 

— The  Santa  Fe  &  Cochiti  R.  R.  Co.  has  incorporated  to 
build  a  railway  from  Santa  Fe,  N.  M.,  along  the  Santa  Fe 
river  to  Agua  Fria,  and  thence  via  Allerton  and  Bland  to 
Rio  Grande.  Capital  stock,  §250,000;  incorporators,  A.  H. 
Handlan,  T.  M.  Murray,  L.  Ellis,  J.  H.  Purdy  and  H  Claus- 
sen. 

—The  McCormick  Mower  and  Reaper  Company,  of  Chicago, 
and  Enrique  Creel,  of  Chihuahua,  have  been  granted  a  con- 
cession for  the  construction  of  a  railroad  from  Chihuahua  to 
the  Ocampo  mining  district.  The  Government  will  give  a 
cash  subsidy  of  8S000  per  mile.  Preliminary  surveys  have 
been  made. 

—By  a  cut-off  from  Wenatchee  to  Cle-Elum  the  Great 
Northern  can  utilize  the  Stampede  tunnel  and  save  building 
its  own  83,000,000  affair.  The  Tacoma  Lodger  thinks  that  this 
is  "something  Mr.  Hill  seems  to  have  had  in  contemplation 
for  some  time  past,  as  it  is  now  reported  that  he  has  acquired 
considerable  interests  in  the  Roslyn  coal  deposits. 

— J.  J.  Hill,  of  the  Great  Northern,  emphatically  says : 
"The  Northern  Pacific  will  be  reorganized  by  its  bondhold- 
ers. This  is  a  big  job,  and  will  undoubtedly  take  some  time. 
It  cannot  be  done  in  a  hurry.  When  it  is  reorganized  it  will 
be  handled  by  its  shai'eholders,  and  you  can  depend  upon  it 
that  there  will  be  no  consolidation  with  the  Great  Northern — 
never.'' 

— About  83,000,000  is  invested  in  Alaska  salmon  canneries, 
which  put  up  82,000,000  worth  of  canned  salmon  annually.  The 
same  destructive  measures  that  so  nearly  exterminated  the 
Columbia  river  salmon  threaten  to  gouge  the  eyes  out  of  the 
Alaska  business  also.  The  Government  should  stop  the 
Alaska  salmon  slaughter  at  least,  even  if  unable  to  stop  the 
rapid  extermination  of  the  seal. 

— Two  daily  newspapers  have  put  in  type-setting  machines, 
which  bear  the  same  relation  to  setting  type  by  hand  that  a 
header  wagon  does  to  a  scythe.  The  latest  achievement  in 
swift  newspaper  woi'k  is  to  dispense  entirely  with  the  type- 
setter, the  type-writing  machine,  and  manuscript  or  "copy," 
and  set  the  news  direct  from  the  wire  or  telephone  with  the 
linotype,  which  has  a  capacity  of  thirty  words  per  minute. 

—The  directors  of  the  S.  F.  &  S.  J.  V.  R.  R.  have  finally 
secured  satisfactory  settlement  of  the  China  Basin  lease  with 
the  city  Harbor  Commissioners.  At  last  Tuesday's  meeting 
the  whole  matter  was  formally  arranged.  A  contract  for 
300,000  redwood  ties  was  made  with  L.  E.  White  &  Co.  at 
twenty-eight  cents  each.  There  were  thirty-five  bids,  the 
highest  bids  being  47%  cents  for  Port  Orford  pine  and  40  cents 
for  redwood.  The  entire  amount  must  be  furnished  br  May 
1st,  '96. 

— H.  P.  Wood,  the  Hawaiian  consul  at  San  Diego,  received 
an  order  from  the  commissioner  of  agriculture  and  forestry  of 
Hawaii  for  500  horned  toads,  to  be  used  on  the  islands  to'  de- 
stroy a  bug  that  is  eating  everything  in  sight.  The  commis- 
sioner wrote  that  a  lot  of  toads  had  been  imported,  but  that 
they  required  water,  which  was  not  always  handy,  while  the 
horned  toad  needs  no  water  and  is  equally  expert  as  a  bug 
catcher.  Consul  Wood  has  advertised  for  horned  toads,  offer- 
ing to  pay  81  a  dozen  for  them. 

—Judge  Goodwin,  in  the  Salt  Lake  Tribune,  says:  "San 
Diego  wants  railroad  connection  with  Salt  Lake;  so  does  Los 
Angeles;  so,  we  believe,  does  Santa  Barbara;  so,  we  know, 
does  San  Francisco.  If  one  of  either  of  five  men  whom  we 
know  in  this  city  had  the  nerve  to  use  a  little  of  his  own 
money  and  to  go  East,  he  could  secure  the  sale  of  bonds 
enough  at  815,000  per  mile  to  build  the  road.  He  could  build 
the  road  for  812,000  per  mile,  and  with  it  finished  he  could  own 
the  road,  all  the  stock  of  the  road,  and  have  8200,000  in  his 
pocket,  and  he  could  in  five  years  pay  off  all  the  indebtedness 
and  then  own  in  his  own  right  a  property  which  would  be 
worth  at  least  825,000,000.  At  the  same  time  he  could  double 
all  his  property  interests  in  Salt  Lake  City.  It  may  be  asked 
how  we  know  this,  and  our  answer  is,  because  the  freight  on 
the  coal  alone  for  the  Southern  Pacific,  the  Atchison,  Topeka 
&  Santa  Fe  and  the  city  of  Los  Angeles  would  pay  all  the 
operating  expenses  and  fixed  charges  of  the  road,  leaving  the 
freight  on  ores,  the  merchandise  freight,  the  passenger 
freight,  the  mails  and  express  clear  profit.  We  said  five  years 
to  clear  up  the  debt.  We  believe  it  would  not  require  over 
three,  and  the  only  very  moderate  charges  need  be  made  to 
do  that.  The  writer  of  this  once  showed  how,  at  one-half  the 
rates  charged  by  the  stage  companies  and  express  and  freight 
comp:mies,  a  road  between  Eureka,  Nev.,  aud  Palisade  would 
pay  for  itself,  all  the  money  back,  in  two  and  one-half  years. 
The  first  million  expended  in  building  the  road  was  thrown 
away,  but  when  the  road  was  finally  put  through  all  the 
money  and  all  the  interest  was  paid  back  in  fifteen  months. 
The  road  between  here  and  Los  Angeles  would  be  a  good 
speculation  if  there  were  no  mines  on  the  way,  just  the  coal 
to  carry  out,  and  the  passenger  trade  would  be  enough  to  pay 
the  interest  on  the  cost  and  large  dividends.  But  when  we 
consider  the  number  of  mines  that  would  have  to  be  supplied, 
and  the  amount  of  ore  that  would  have  to  be  moved,  it  makes 
the  building  of  that  road  the  very  finest  investment  that  can 
be  found  in  the  West.'* 


June  1,  1S90. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


347 


Scientific   Progress. 

Argon. 


It  i-  raj  opinion   that    Lord 

igh    will    get    the   $10,000    prize 
i  by  the  Smithsonian    institution 
the  fund  given   in   1891  to  that  in- 
stitution   by   Thomas  G.    Hodgkins   of 
New  York,  to  be  devoted  "to  the  in- 

a-e  and  diffusion  of  more  exact 
■  Ige  in  regard  to  tin-  nature  ami 
properties  of  atmospheric  air,  in  con- 
m  with  the  welfare  of  man." 
Argon  has  a  name,  given  by  its  dis- 
coverer, which  means  "no  work.  It 
can't  tir-  made,  by  the  utmost  ingenuity 
of  the  chemical  manipulators,  to  do 
anything.  They  have  tried  every  con- 
ceivable means  of  making  it  give  some 
sign  of  stir,  motion,  or  potential 
energy,  but  without  avail.  There  is  but 
little  of  it;  it  is  good  for  nothing,  a 
mere  tramp  element,  or  perhaps  com- 
pound, for  nobody  can  find  out  what  it 
is,  not  even  to  make  a  good  guess;  and 
all  the  noise  about  the  discovery  is  due 
to  the  fine  work  done  in  getting  to 
know  the  naked  fact  of  its  existence, 
and,  so  far,  its  uselessness  and  worth- 
lessness.  The  fine  work,  however,  has 
been  exaggerated.  It  was  made  com- 
paratively easy  by  starting  from  the. 
very  plain  fact  that  nitrogen  in  the  air 
is  heavier  than  nitrogen  obtained 
chemically.  It  was  easy  to  argue  that 
there  must  be  a  little  of  something  else 
of  greater  weight  in  the  nitrogen  of 
the  air.  On  this  sure  basis  some  very 
fine  work  was  done,  simple  enough  in 
theory,  along  either  of  two  lines,  and 
not  so  difficult.  The  stuff  is  so  inert, 
inactive,  so  thoroughly  dead  in  all  its 
relations  that  measures  for  making  the 
true  nitrogen  unite  with  anything  will 
give  the  false  as  a  residue.  The  diffi- 
culties are  thus  easy  difficulties,  and 
creditable  as  the  work  may  be  it  cuts 
no  figure  at  all  by  the  side  of  the  real 
great  discoveries  made  by  Faraday 
when  he  held  the  position  at  the  Royal 
Institution,  in  London  which  Tyndall 
held  after  him,  and  which  Lord  Ray- 
leigh  now  holds.  The  enthusiasm  over 
the  discovery  is  for  the  most  part  a 
generous  compliment  to  men  of  very 
great  distinction  who  have  conducted 
the  research.  And  the  suggestion  of 
letting  the  Hodgkins  fund  prize  of 
$10,000  go  to  Lord  Rayleigh  cannot  be 
acted  upon  except  by  wrong  of  the 
most  manifest  character.  "In  con- 
nection with  the  welfare  of  man "  is 
the  broad  fundamental  condition  of  the 
fund,  and  argon  has  no  more  met  that 
condition  than  a  study  of  the  man  in 
the  moon  would  meet  it.  The  use  of  a 
single  dollar  of  the  Hodgkins  money  on 
account  of  Lord  Rayleigh's  interesting 
but  absolutely  valueless  research  would 
be  as  much  a  wrong  to  the  fund  as  the 
use  of  it  in  aid  of  Secretary  Langley's 
extremely  interesting  and  brilliant, 
pei-baps  even  hopeful,  flying-machine 
experiments.  In  one  of  the  elaborate 
treatises  sent  in  upon  the  offer  of  the 
Hodgkins  prize,  it  is  very  fully  shown 
how  ignorantly  chemistry  has  mis- 
understood the  character  of  nitrogen, 
because  of  its  occurrence  in  such  ex- 
plosives as  nitro-glycerine,  when  the 
fact  is  that  the  part  played  by  the 
nitrogen  is  that  of  its  inertness,  its 
feeble  chemical  hold  on  the  oxygen,  to 
the  energy  of  which,  and  to  that  alone, 
the  violence  of  the  explosive  is  due.  In 
the  light  of  correct  knowledge  of  nitro- 
gen by  far  the  best  guess  that  can  be 
made  in  regard  to  argon  is  that  it  is 
three-atom  oxygen:  not  made  in  the 
laboratory  of  our  atmosphere,  per- 
haps, but  the  heir  of  the  ages  of  cosmic 
fire,  when  were  finished  some  things 
which  defy  the  meddling  hand  of  man- 
Mr.  Edison  has  said  of  argon,  that 
its  discovery  is  a  fresh  evidence  of  how 
little  we  know  of  the  atmosphere,  and 
that  he  thinks  it  probable  that  further 
experiments  will  disclose  other  new 
elements  in  the  air.  But  it  must  be 
remembered  that  argon,  the  amount  of 
which  in  the  air  is  estimated  to  be  a 
hundred  and  twentieth  part  of  the 
whole,  has  gone  along  with  nitrogen, 
as  ozone  with  oxygen;  and  that  mere 
discovery  of  the  existence  of  minor  ele- 
ments that  play  no  active  part 
amounts     to     very     little        The    new 


ed  is  Knowledge    of    the 

parts  played  by  the  known  elements 

When   a   rifle   gun   comes   from  the 
arsenal    it   is  coated  with  grease  to 

prevent    rusting    during   transit.      

thi-  coating  is  kept  on  until  the  gun 
bas  been  lifted  into  its  carriage.  The 
i  e  is  then  removed  by  washing  the 
gun  with  a  strong  solution  of  potash. 
It  is  washed  twice  and  allowed  to  dry 
thoroughly.  The  gun  is  then  a  glisten- 
ing silver  tube.  The  next  operation, 
and  one  requiring  more  care,  is  the 
application  of  a  mixture  of  sulphate  of 
copper  dissolved  in  sweet  spirits  of 
niter.  To  an  ounce  of  each  is  added  a 
pint  of  distilled  water.  Four  coats  of 
this  are  applied,  rubbed  down  hard, 
and  allowed  to  dry  for  twenty-four 
hours.  Under  this  treatment  the  gun 
is  transformed  into  a  warm  reddish- 
brown  without  gloss.  By  adding  ar- 
senic to  the  same  solution,  and  apply- 
ing again,  the  gun  assumes  a  darker 
tone.  Now  comes  the  hardest  part  of 
the  work — the  polishing.  Boiled  oil  is 
mixed  with  beeswax  and  turpentine 
until  comparatively  thick.  This  is 
rubbed  in  with  cotton  rags  at  first, 
and  then  with  the  palm  of  the  hand, 
the  result  beiDg  a  mahogany  brown 
tint.  The  brown  coat  lasts  remark- 
ably well  unless  the  gun  be  fired,  when 
the  heat  of  the  discharge  seriously 
damages  the  polish.  The  last  coat  is 
replenished  about  every  month.  There 
is  also  a  process  of  treatment  given  to 
the  gun  carriages  of  the  new  crack 
cruisers.  These  carriages  are  cast, 
and  it  is  a  difficult  matter  to  make 
white  paint  adhere  to  them.  To  obvi- 
ate this,  the  carriages  are  covered  with 
a  thin  layer  of  cement,  which  is  pol- 
ished with  trowels  until  it  is  like  glass, 
and  the  white  paint  is  then  applied  to 
the  smooth  surface. 


Indefinite  penetration  toward  the 
center  of  the  earth  is  prevented  by  the 
increasing  heat  encountered,  but  a 
scheme  has  been  made  public  by  which 
it  may  be  possible  to  explore  farther 
than  hitherto.  The  method  is  to  sink 
first  a  shaft  as  far  as  the  temperature 
will  permit,  then  a  pipe  reaching  from 
top  to  bottom  is  built  in,  down  which  is 
forced  a  blast  of  cold  air  which,  it  is 
thought,  will  effect  the  requisite  cool- 
ing if  continued  for  some  time.  The 
pipe  is  lengthened  piece  by  piece  as  the 
deepening  proceeds.  An  exhaust  pipe 
should  also  be  provided,  and  the  shaft 
walls,  when  not  air  tight,  should  be  so 
made  so_by  a  sheathing  of  metal  plates 
or  other  coating.  As  the  shaft  is  made 
deeper  the  heat  increases  and  conse- 
quently a  stronger  blast  is  required. 
At  a  certain  depth  air  must  be  pumped 
from  the  bottom  in  order  to  render  the 
pressure  endurable  to  men.  In  spite 
of  all  these  precautions  the  deepening 
will  be  finally  prevented  by  conditions 
existing  in  the  earth  itself;  for  exam- 
ple, accumulations  of  gases. — Deutsch 
Bauztg. 

The  weight  of  one  hundred  cubic  feet 
of  natural  gas  is  4287  pounds,  composed 
of  1072  pounds  of  hydrogen  and  3215 
pounds  of  carbon,  and  requires  for  its 
perfect  combustion  969.3  cubic  feet  of 
air,  weighing 74,561  pounds.  It  makes, 
in  burning,  9648  pounds  of  steam  and 
11,788  pounds  of  carbonic' acid,  equal  to 
one  hundred,  and  produces  94,593  heat 
units  when  the  steam  is  not  condensed, 
the  total  products  of  combustion  being, 
therefore:  Steam,  9648  pounds;  car- 
bonic acid,  11,788;  nitrogen,  57,412;  or 
a  total  of  78,848  pounds.  If  these 
products  of  combustion  escape  at  a 
temperature  of  600°,  they  carry  off 
with  them  12,712  heat  units,  or  about 
14%  of  all  the  heat  produced  by  the 
fire;  or  if  they  escape  at  300°,  they 
carry  off  less  than  7%.  If,  however, 
for  any  reason,  twice  as  much  air  as 
is  necessary  to  combustion  passes 
through  the  fire  and  escapes  up  the 
chimney  along  with  these  products  of 
combustion,  there  would  then,  at  a 
temperature  of  600°,  be  a  loss  of  heat 
units  equal  to  about  26°o  of  all  the  heat 
produced  by  the  fire. 

The  most  probable  mean  density  of 
the  earth  is  5.66,  that  is,  the  earth  has 
5  66  times  the  mass  of  an  equal  volume 
of  water. 


Mechanical   Progress. 

Some  Unnecessary  Objections. 

In  discussing  the  papers  upon  elec- 
tric transmission  of  power  that  were 
recently  read  at  a  meeting  of  cotton 
manufacturers,  some  of  the  points 
brought  out  in  objection  to  this  method 
seem  trivial.  One  was  the  fear  of 
lightning  and  its  effect  upon  the  sys- 
tem. The  manner  in  which  this  was 
stated  would  lead  to  the  presumption 
that  dealing  with  electricity  was  some- 
thing new  and  untried.  This  matter  of 
lightning  ;s  just  as  serious  in  the  run- 
ning of  a  large  street-rail  way  or  street- 
lighting  plant  as  in  running  a  mill,  yet. 
it  appears  to  have  been  very  satisfac 
torily  settled  for  those  purposes.  Ob- 
jections to  the  use  of  electricity  must 
be  based  upon  better  grounds  than 
that. 

Another  objection  suggested  was 
that  the  life  of  the  motors  and 
generators  would  be  very  short,  and 
the  depreciation  and  renewals  account, 
therefore,  very  large.  There  is  really 
nothing  about  a  motor  or  generator 
that  is  complicated,  or  which  will  give 
out  quickly  with  proper  care  any  more 
than  there  is  with  an  engine.  One 
frequently  hears  of  motors  giving  out 
at  some  point,  short  circuiting  or  burn- 
ing out  the  armature,  and  likewise  we 
hear  of  engine  piston  heads  being  blown 
out,  of  pistons  cracking,  of  crosshead 
straps  breaking  and  wrecking  the  en- 
gine. Yet  no  one  would  have  the  te- 
merity to  suggest  that  because  of  this 
we  should  abandon  the  use  of  the  steam 
engine.  Nor  should  occasional  break- 
downs be  advanced  as  a  reason  why 
motors  should  not  be  used.  As  now 
made,  motors  and  generators  are  long- 
lived,  and  with  proper  care  will  last  as 
long  as  any  other  machine.  The 
trouble  heretofore  has  been  that  the 
machines  have  given  the  impression  of 
an  ability  to  take  care  of  themselves, 
and  are  allowed  to  do  so,  and  trouble 
results,  or  the  other  extreme  is  tried 
and  ignorant  handling  has  produced  a 
similar  result.  With  intelligent  care, 
motors  or  generators  need  not  be  ex- 
pensive. 

Steam    Pipes    for    Ocean     Vessels. 


Copper  is  the  material  usually  em- 
ployed for  making  the  big  pipes  which 
conduct  steam  from  boiler  to  engine  on 
steamships.  By  reason  of  its  ductility 
that  metal  is  admirably  adapted  to  the 
necessary,  though  slight,  changes  in 
shape  resulting  from  heating  and 
vibration.  But  with  the  higher  pres- 
sures now  carried  greater  thickness  is 
required.  Hence  a  copper  steampipe 
must  lose  the  advantage  of  bending 
readily,  and  its  strength  will  become 
more  uncertain.  The  customary  method 
of  manufacture  is  to  cut  up  sheets  into 
strips  and  braze  or  solder  the  edges. 
But  the  difficulties  of  making  a  tight 
join  increase  with  the  thickness  of  the 
material,  consequently  there  is  now 
a  tendency  among  marine  engineers 
toward  the  substitution  of  iron  or  steel 
for  copper  in  this  part  of  a  vessel's 
fittings,  especially  since  it  is  now  con- 
sidered doubtful  whether  the  last- 
mentioned  metal  is,  as  was  formerly 
supposed,  less  liable  to  corrosion  than 
the  others. 

There  is  some  diversity  of  opinion, 
however,  as  to  the  best  material  to  use. 
in  place  of  copper.  Bends  and  tees  for 
joints  can  more  readily  be  made  in  cast 
iron  than  in  wrought  iron  or  steel,  but 
the  former  is  much  heavier  than  either 
of  the  latter  in  proportion  to  their 
strength.  Iron  and  steel  can  be  drawn 
out  into  seamless  pipes,  but  to  this 
process  is  offered  the  objection  that 
an  undiscoverable  flaw  in  the  ingot  may 
develop  weakness  in  the  product, 
whereas  copper  sheets,  such  as  are 
used  for  steam  pipes,  may  be  ex- 
amined for  defects  on  both  surfaces. 
Lap- welded  pipes  are  now  made  of  both 
iron  and  steel.  Some  claim  that  the 
latter  are  much  the  strongest,  and  pre- 
sent data  to  corroborate  their  asser- 
tions. To  be  sure,  lap-welded  steel 
pipes  often  have  a  butt-strap  riveted 
along  over  the  weld,  as  if  less  confidence 
were  felt  in   the  security   of   the   joint 


than  in  that  of  an  iron  pipe  of  the  same 
construction,  It  i,  intimated,  how 
evei  ilii  i  I,-  only  is  this  precaution 
needless,  but  that  it  actually  «vi  B 
the  pipe.  In  a  recent  discussioi  bj 
experts  of  a  paper  read  before  the  In- 
stitution of  Naval  Architi  cts  of  I 
Britain,  the  preponderance  of  opinion 
appeared  to  be  in  favor  ol 

Keep  on  the   Right  Track 


To  the  machinist  laboring  industri- 
ously all  day  at  the  bench,  the  cn_ 
wielding  the  shovel  or  sitting  in  hiscab 
Argus-like  looking  for  signals,  and  the 
general  mechanic  going  about  his  usu- 
ally arduous  duties,  it  is  a  potent  cause 
of  discontent  to  see  men  of  kindred 
origin  suddenly  rise  to  wealth  and  a]. 
parent  honor  by  some  master  stroke. 
or  a  succession  of  such  strokes.  The 
career  of  the  mouse-trap  peddler  and 
tanner  has  an  evil  influence.  It  is  seen 
that  he  succeeded  by  his  genius  for 
plunder,  his  ruthless  wrecking  of  inter- 
ests entrusted  to  him  and  his  perfidy 
in  every  instance  where  he  could  gain 
by  such  a  course.  There  are  in  Amer- 
ica a  great  many  parallel  examples 
only  less  conspicuous  and  notorious. 
The  fact  that  these  men  generally  es- 
cape punishment  and  appear  to  have 
been  very  smart  in  defying  the  stat- 
utes and  the  unwritten  laws  of  every- 
day honor  is  a  powerful  incentive  to 
emulate  them. 

But  we  do  not  believe,  says  the  Sci- 
entific Machinist,  that  any  kind  of  suc- 
cess dishonorably  won  proves  to  be  a 
real  satisfaction.  How  much  grander, 
how  much  safer  to  emulate  the  indus- 
try, the  courage,  the  unswerving  in- 
tegrity which  enabled  our  noted  engi- 
neers and  inventors  to  make  for  them- 
selves a  great  name  and  to  confer  last- 
ing benefits  upon  society.  No  man 
should  be  seduced  from  the  path  of 
prudence  aud  rectitude  by  the  sharks 
who  have  become  enriched  without  giv- 
ing value  received,  who  have  torn  down 
and  deprived,  not  built  up  nor  eaus-  d 
increment  of  good  to  any. 


How   Steam   Pipes  Start   Fires. 


Neither  ordinary  live  steam  nor 
"  supei-heated  "  steam  will  heat  a  pipe 
thick  and  strong  enough  to  convey  it  to 
a  degree  sufficient  to  produce  a  fire  on 
wood,  however  dry.  It  will  not  even 
set  charcoal  aglow  or  in  a  blaze.  But 
dry  charcoal,  when  the  heat  is  removed 
from  it,  being  nearly  pure  carbon,  will 
absorb  oxygen  from  the  air  under 
favorable  conditions  so  rapidly  as  to 
produce  active  combustion — that  is,  a 
glow  or  a  blaze.  The  process  of  the 
origin  of  a  fire  from  a  steam  pipe  is: 
The  heat  from  a  steam  pipe  will,  in 
course  of. time,  char,  or,  as  the  chem- 
ists say,  carbonize,  wood  in  contact  or 
close  to  it.  When  this  charring  process 
extends  to  any  depth  in  the  wood  it 
presents  a  surface  full  of  fissures  and 
cracks,  thus  exposing  a  large  section 
to  the  air.  This  process  of  charring 
drives  the  oxygen  out  of  the  charred 
portion,  and  keeps  it  out  while  the 
heat  is  kept  up.  When  the  heat  is  re 
moved  the  charcoal  reabsorbs  oxygen 
from  the  air,  and  if  the  action  is  rapid 
enough  in  a  dry  atmosphere  combus- 
tion is  the  result.  This  explains  why 
fires  in  steam  plants  and  buildings 
heated  by  steam,  that  originated  from 
steam  pipes,  always  occur  after  the 
pipes  have  cooled,  generally  during  the 
night. 

Interest  in  vertical  engines  for  large 
powers  seems  to  be  attracting  con- 
siderable attention.  The  use  of  ver- 
tical engines  for  stationary  work  is 
very  common  in  England  and  the  con- 
tinent, not  because  of  any  very  in- 
trinsic merits  of  the  design  over  the 
horizontal  type,  but  because  of  the  in- 
fluence of  marine  practice  upou  English 
stationary  practice.  In  England  there 
are  so  many  large  and  powerful  builders 
of  marine  engines  that  in  some  manner 
the  influence  of  their  work  dominates 
the  efforts  of  others  in  the  marine  line, 
and  when  one  of  these  builders  makes 
an  engine  for  stationary  work,  it  is  al- 
most always,  and  quite  naturally,  very 
nearly  the  marine  type. 


348 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


June  1,  1895. 


Electrical  Progress. 

The  Electric  Locomotive  in   Rail- 
roading. 


In  the  opinion  of  many  experts,  the 
time  when  the  electric  locomotive  will 
take  the  place  of  the  steam  locomotive 
for  all  kinds  of  railroad  work  is  much 
nearer  than  has  generally  been  imag- 
ined. In  support  of  this  belief  William 
Baxter,  Jr.,  points  out  that  no  en- 
gineer of  any  prominence  would  have 
ventured  to  say,  three  or  four  years 
ago,  that  at  the  present  time  the 
electric  motor  would  be  making  such 
inroads  into  the  legitimate  field  of  the 
steam  locomotive  as  it  really  is  making 
to-day.  Mr.  Baxter  maintains  that 
the  ability  of  electricity  to  compete 
with  steam  has  always  been  under- 
estimated. The  main  reason  for  this  is 
that  about  the  only  direction  in  which 
competition  was  considered  possible 
was  in  the  matter  of  coal  consumption, 
whereas  "railroad  men,  whether 
engaged  in  operating  steam  or  electric 
roads,  know  that  the  coal  bill  is  only  one 
of  the  items  in  the  cost  of  operation, 
and  that  it  does  not  constitute  such  a 
large  portion  of  the  total  expenditure 
as  to  make  it  possible  for  even  a  very 
great  reduction  in  this  direction  to 
determine  the  superiority  of  one  system 
over  the  other."  Mr.  Baxter  sum- 
marizes the  principal  advantages  of 
the  electric  motor  as  follows:  First, 
The  cost  of  repairs  is  less  with  electric 
than  with  steam  locomotives.  The 
mechanism  is  far  more  simple;  there 
are  not  so  many  moving  parts,  and 
these  parts  are  not  so  much  exposed  to 
the  action  of  mud,  sand,  water,  etc. 
In  the  second  place,  the  miles  run  per 
day,  or  in  other  words,  the  hours  of 
service  obtained  per  day,  are  less  with 
steam  than  with  electric  traction. 
Consequently  the  cost  of  labor  per  mile 
run  is  much  greater  and  the  amount  of 
work  done  with  a  given  sum  invested 
in  locomotives  is  less  than  with  motors. 
Locomotives  running  at  an  average 
speed  of  thirty  or  forty  miles  an  hour 
do  not  make  any  more  miles  per  day 
than  motor  cars,  which  only  average 
about  one  third  these  speeds.  The 
reason  that  locomotives  cannot  be  run 
as  many  hours  as  motors  is  their 
limitations  of  wear  and  tear.  They 
cannot  stand  continuously  the  rough 
and  tumble  treatment  that  motors  are 
subjected  to,  and  they  have  to  be  run 
into  the  round-house  and  be  thoroughly 
examined  and  cleaned  up  for  the  next 
day's  run.  The  importance  of  the 
bearing  of  this  fact  is  evident.  When 
electric  motors  of  larger  size  and  for 
higher  speed  come,  as  they  inevitably 
will,  to  take  the  place  of  locomotives, 
they  will  be  run  approximately  the  same 
number  of  hours  as  the  motors  now 
in  use,  and  will  therefore  cover  from 
two  and  a  half  to  three  times  the 
distance  now  covered  by  locomotives. 
The  third  fundamental  advantage  of 
electric  traction  in  this  competition  is 
that  the  motors  used  to  draw  a  train 
can  be  placed  under  one  of  the  cars. 
This  will  reduce  the  weight  of  the  train, 
and  therefore  the  power  required  to 
move  it.  The  motor  car  could  be  made 
much  lighter  than  the  locomotive  at 
present  used,  and  this  would  give  a 
further  saving  in  power.  Less  weight 
would  be  carried  on  any  one  pair  of 
wheels,  and  the  weight  would  be  more 
thoroughly  spring-supported.  This 
would  materially  reduce  the  strain  on 
the  track,  and  consequently  the  cost  of 
maintenance. 


Electricity,  of  New  York,  which  does 
not  devote  all  its  space  to  censorship 
of  the  General  Electric  Co.,  says  that 
to  have  one's  hair  singed  off  by  elec- 
tricity is  the  latest  development  of  the 
tonsorial  art.  The  apparatus  to  per- 
form this  operation  consists  simply  of 
a  platinum  wire  stretched  over  a  comb. 
By  pressing  a  button  in  the  handle  of 
the  comb  current  is  applied  to  the 
wire,  and  it  is  heated  to  a  white  heat. 
The  comb  is  passed  through  the  hair, 
and  as  the  wire  comes  in  contact  with 
the  hair  it  is  burned  off,  the  end  of 
each  hair  being  cauterized  as  cut, 
which  process  prevents  the  loss  of  the 
oily  substance  with  which  the  hair  is 


filled.  The  apparatus  is  connected  by 
flexible  cord  and  attachment  plug  to  a 
lamp  socket,  and  can  be  used  by  any 
barber  of  ordinary  skill.  A  New  York 
electric  company  manufacture  the  de- 


Combined    Electric  Lighting  Sta- 
tion and  Waterworks. 


An  ingenious  combination  of  an  elec- 
tric lighting  station  and  city  water- 
works is  operating  successful^'  in  a 
small  German  town.  During  the  day, 
when  the  consumption  of  water  is 
greatest,  the  station  accumulators  are 
charged  and  the  water  supply  is 
worked  by  the  steam  pump.  When  the 
accumulators  are  charged,  and  in  the 
morning,  before  the  boilers  are  heated 
up,  the  electrically-driven  pump  is 
worked  from  the  accumulators,  in  case 
of  a  large  demand  for  water.  In  the 
evening,  when  the  lamps  are  turned 
on,  the  current  is  taken  direct  from 
the  dynamo,  and  at  11  o'clock,  when 
the  street  arc  lamps  are  cut  out,  what- 
ever further  supply  of  current  is  neces- 
sary is  taken  from  the  accumulators. 
If  a  fire  should  occur  in  the  night,  a 
full  supply  of  water  is  instantly  avail- 
able. On  the  sounding  of  the  alarm, 
the  attendant  at  the  station  starts  the 
electric  pump  and  one  compressor. 
The  perfect  success  of  this  plan  has 
been  proved  on  several  occasions,  and 
the  inhabitants  of  the  little  town  are 
proud  of  their  compact  and  efficient 
plant,  which  gives  them  good  and 
cheap  lighting,  good  drinking  water, 
and  a  sufficient  supply  of  water  for  all 
purposes  of  fire  extinction.  The  sta- 
tion is  operated  at  a  very  low  cost,  but 
by  employing  automatic  current  regu- 
lators, automatic  oiling  apparatus  on 
all  the  moving  parts  of  the  steam 
engine,  and  by  using  ring  oiling  de- 
vices on  dynamos  and  motors,  the 
working  of  the  plant  is  to  be  so  simpli- 
fied that  one  engine  driver  and  a 
stoker  can  look  after  the  whole  instal- 
lation, even  when  some  proposed  ex- 
tensions are  completed. 

Popular  Electrical  Theories. 

A  history  of  popular  misconceptions 
on  electrical  subjects  would  make  en- 
tertaining reading.  The  superintend- 
ent of  a  Kansas  electric  light  station 
tells  that  among  a  thousand  puzzling 
inquiries  that  were  addressed  to  him  on 
the  night  that  the  electric  light  was 
started  in  his  city,  was  the  poser: 
"Where  is  the  hole  in  the  wire  that 
the  juice  comes  through  ?"  An  electrical 
supply  firm  in  Nova  Scotia  has  lately 
received  the  following  letter  from  a 
Cape  Brenton correspondent:  "Will  you 
kindly  let  me  know  all  particulars 
about  the  incandescent  lamps  which 
you  advertised  in  the  Recorder  f  That 
is,  what  is  used  in  them,  is  it  kerosene 
oil,  etc.,  or,  if  not,  what  is  it?  Andean 
the  material  be  easily  obtained  ?  Also 
let  me  know  if  the  light  from  your  lamps 
is  much  superior  to  the  ordinary 
kerosene  ones.  I  am  desirous  of 
getting  one  or  more  of  them,  and  would 
like  to  know  all  about  them.  "  A  well 
known  London  weekly  paper  gravely 
publishes  among  its  bits  of  electrical 
information  the  announcement  that: 
"A  German  electrician  recently  hived  a 
swarm  of  bees  by  the  use  of  electricity. 
He  passed  a  powerful  current  through 
the  bough  of  a  tree  on  which  they 
clustered  and  the  stock  caused  them  to 
fall  stupefied  to  the  ground.  Before 
they  had  time  to  recover  he  had  them 
collected  and  placed  in  a  new  hive.  " 
An  inventive  genius,  who  hails  from 
Columbus,  O.,  has  discovered  that  "if 
two  dissimilar  conductors  of  electricty 
which  are  subject  to  slight  atomic 
change  under  the  influence  of  sound 
are  joined  together  after  the  manner  of 
a  pair  of  thermopile  bars,  and  the  open 
ends  are  insulated  by  a  suitable  non- 
conductor of  both  sound  and  electricity 
a  current  is  generated  when  sounds 
are  made  in  the  vicinity  of  the  exposed 
ends.  If  two  or  more  such  elements 
are  connected  together  we  have  an 
acoustic  battery,  and  by  increasing  the 
number  of  elements  it  is  possible  to 
operate  an  ordinary  call  bell  by  simply 
clapping  the  hands  in  front  of  the  ex- 
posed ends  of  the  battery.  "  This 
sounds  impressive.     The  way  in  which 


the  inventor  proposes  to  turn  his  in- 
spired idea  to  account  is  to  establish 
an  electrical  perpetual  motion  and 
among  other  things  to  wind  clocks  by 
the  noise  of  their  own  pendulums  and 
light  shops  by  the  noise  of  the  machin- 
ery. A  contemporary  says:  "By  this 
scheme  also  an  auctioneer  may  yet  run 
an  electrical  cash  system  with  the 
sound  of  his  own  voice;  some  janitor  by 
the  force  of  his  profanity  may  story  up 
electricity  enough  to  ring  a  church  bell; 
policemen  in  noisy  boots  could  furnish 
street  lights;  the  mooing  cows  may 
furnish  power  to  cut  their  own  fodder; 
and  a  barking  dog  may  keep  an  elec- 
tric light  burning  by  and  by  on  the 
lawn." 

The  report  of  the  General  Electric 
Company  for  the  year  ending  January 
1,  just  published,  shows:  Gross  earn- 
ings, $13,336,611;  operating  expenses, 
$11,451,864;  net  profits,  $1,811,747; 
against  $3,189,884  the  preceding  year; 
balance,  $1,347,164;  depreciation, 
$933,521;  surplus,  $413,643.  This  de- 
clares seven  per  cent  dividend  on  the 
preferred  stock,  or  $297,640  per 
annum,  leaving  for  the  common  stock 
in  the  year  3.44  per  cent.  The  report 
states  that  as  a  result  of  the  Ball  de- 
cisions there  will  be  less  profit  than 
formerly  in  the  lamp  business,  and  that 
of  the  decrease  in  bills  and  accounts 
receivable  there  was  written  off  $2,- 
291,844,  accounts  due  by  466  persons. 
The  estimated  value  of  the  company's 
patents  is  unchanged. 


THE  WILSON 

HIGH  GRADE  STEEL 

SHOES 

AND 

DIES. 

Guaranteed  to  Wear  Longer 
and  Prove  Cheaper  than 
limp   ' '  ~"es     any  others. 

Made  by  use  of  Special  Appliances. 

PATENTED   AUGUST    16th,   1892. 
Made  only  by 

Western  Forge  and 
Rolling  Mills, 

ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
WM.  A.   HEWITT,     -      -     Agent, 

11  and  13  First  St.,  San  Francisco. 

QUICKSILVER! 

FOR  SALE  BY 

The    Eureka    Company, 

of  san  francisco. 

Room  1.      -      426  California  Street, 
SAN  FRANCISCO. 


The  I.  B.  HAMMOND  CO. 

60  First  Street,  PORTLAND,  OR. 


v~  /WrtlNUFACTUREreS        OF' 


Stamp  mils,  Ore  Feeders 

DETACHABLE  BUCKET  WIRE-ROPE  TRAMWAYS, 
Roller  Grinding  Pans,  Desulphurizing  Furnaces,   Etc. 


The  Improved,  Iron-Frame,  Self- 
Contalned,  Cushion  -  Frame,  Five  - 
Stamp  Mill  Saves  Bills  for  Heavy 
Timbers,  Millwright  and  Mechanics' 
Labor,  and  a  Large  Amount  of  Space. 
The  Term  "Self -Contained"  MeanB  a 
Great  Deal  to  the  Mine  Owner,  and 
Can  Be  Readily  Recognized  and 
Appreciated  in  Making  an  Estimate 
For  an  Ordinary  Five-Stamp  Plant, 
When  the  Comparative  Cost  is 
Considered  Over  a  Wood-Frame  Mill. 

FIRST:  There  is  Saved  by  the 
Use  of  This  Mill  a  Large  Bill  for 
Heavy  Timbers,  in  Many  Instances 
Obtained  at  Great  Expense  and  Loss 
Of  Time. 

SECOND:  The  Saving  in  Mill- 
Wright  and  Mechanics1  Labor  in 
Framing    and    Erecting. 

THIRD:  The  Large  Amount  of 
Space    Saved. 


Send  for  Catalogue  and  Price  List. — 

Improved  Self-Contained  Cushion-Frame  Five-Stamp  Mill.         "*~^~CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED. 


To  Gold  Miners! 

Silver  Plated  Copper  Amalgam  Plates 

For  Saving  Gold. 

GOLD  REMOVED  FROM  OLD  PLATES  AND  REPLATED.    Old  Plates 

bought.    Get  our  Reduced  Rates.    Five  thousand  orders  tilled. 

Twenty-rive  Medals  Awarded. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  GOLD,  SILVER  AND  NICKEL  PLATIMG  WORKS, 

653  and  655  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Telephone,  Main  5931. 

E.  G.  DENNISTON, Proprietor 

Every  description  of  work  plated.    Send  Jo*  Circular, 


June  1,  1895. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


349 


MECHANICAL  DRAWING 

Mechanic*,     '.'■   hanteal    Drawing;    Architecture;    Architectural    Drawing  and   Dt  ■ 
Masonry:  Carpentry  and  Joinery;  Ornamental  and  Structural  Iron  Work;  Steam   Bnjjineer- 
tngtijtati  oi  Marine);  /'■  ring;  Bridgt  Engineering;   uuntci- 

and  /f'"fii<</:  Proepecfing,   and  the 

English  /  Student*  make  rapid  progress  En  tearing  to  Dnn  and  Letter.     Send 

for  Free  Circular,  stating  the  subject  yon  n  1 80  U)  Study,  to 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS,  Scranton,  Pa. 


THE  AMERICAN  MINING  &  MILLING  MACHINERY  CO., 

121  Euclid  Ave.,  CLEVELAND,  0.    280  Caxton  Bit,  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


~1 

AM    > 


SPECIALTIES 

AM.  CRUSHER  AND  AM 
BALL  PULVERIZER. 

The  BlmplHHt,  cheapest  and 
best  machines  in  tin-  mar- 
ket. Pulverize  wel  or  dry 
to  rniv  degree  of  fineness 
Blake  little  or  do  sllraee  In 

wet  nor  dust  In  dry  work. 
Four  sizes,  capacity  from  '4 
to  HO  tons  per  day. 

SEND     FOR     CATALOGUE 

Cable  Address,  American. 

First  Prize  and  Gold  Medal 

Awarded  by  World 

Fair,  1893, 


''i.  Tin:  Clevkiano  Ikon  Ore  j 

Paint  Co.  and  The  Gaiiuv  Iron  I 
Roofing    Co..    Cleveland.,    O..  | 
Jan.i'.     i      i 
Tht  American  Mining  &  Mitiini  Marhtu.ru 
C..,  ri,  r.1,,,1.1.  n._ 
Qi  stlemsn:  -We  purchased  a  No.  2 

American    Rock    Breaker    and    a    No.   2 
American   Ball    Pulverizer    from    your 
company  about  one  year  ago.  The  latter 
pari   of   April,    1898,  we    started   up  for 
regular    work,    since    which    tlmp    we 
have  run  both  of  said  machines  to  the 
full  extent  of  our  demands  and   to  our 
entire  satisfaction.    The  Aral  too  tons  of 
hard  Iron  ore  that  we  pulverized  for 
paint    purposes   was    ground    without 
taklntr  the  Pulverizer  apart,  and  with- 
out expending  one  dollar  for  repairs  for 
Of  the  TiHt 
i  was  Lake 
containing 
some  70  per  cent  iron;    a   very  difficult 
The  remainder  was  a  red   fosslllferous  Iron  ore. 


id  meaai  )  out  expending  one  dollar  for 

orld's       /  either  of  these  machines. 

)   tons  spoken  of.  about  200  ton: 

^x^>^n^n^O  Superior  Specular  Iron  ore. 


ore  to  pulverize. 

carrying  quite  a  per  cent  of  Bltex,  which  cuts  out  buhr-stones  rapidly. 
We  and  that  the  steel  balls,  which  were  when  new  5  In.  in  diameter, 
now  caliper  47*  In.,  ami  are  perfectly  round  and  smooth.  The  grinding' 
track  shows  very  little  wear,  and  the  driving  track  shows  less;  In 
fact,  the  wear  Is  almost  imperceptible.  These  two  machines  crush  and 
pulverize  more  than  one  ton  per  hour  with  less  than  12  H.  P.  We  do 
not  know  of  any  Crusher  or  Pulverizer  that  can  compare  with  the  output  of  these  two  machines  in  quan- 
tity, quality,  small  amount  of  wear  and  tear,  and  like  power.  In  our  opinion,  you  cannot  recommend 
them  too  highly.    Very  truly  yours.  Cleveland  Iron  Ore  Paint  Co. 


THE  AM.  BALL  PULVERIZER 
Morris  Patent. 


INSULATING  TAPE. 

P.  &  B.  ARMATURE  VARNISH. 

'electrical  COMPOUND. 


STANDARD  OF  EXCELLENCE— USED  IN  ALL  FIRST-CLASS  ELECTRICAL  WORK. 

Samples  and  Circulars  on  application. 


PARAFFINE  PAINT  CO. 


116  BATTERY  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 
221  SOUTH  BROADWAY,  LOS  ANGELES. 


Sole  Manufacturers  of  P.  &  B.  Paints,  Roofing,  Building  Papers. 

Blasdel  Improved  Concentrating  Belt. 

We  keep  in  stock  belts  suitable  for  the  Frue,  Triumph,  Johnston  and  Tullock  machines,  and 
make  all  lengths  and  widths  to  order. 

Practical  mill  men  must  see  at  a  glance 
the  advantage  of  our  belts  over  any  other. 
First,  the  flanges  stand  at  an  acute  angle 
toward  the  center,   therefore  readily  con- 
form to  the  change  of  direction  while  pass- 
ing over  the  end   rollers.    Thus  the  vexation  and 
loss  occasioned   by  the  frequent  breaking  of  the 
flanges,  as  is  the  case  with  the  old   style,  is  prac- 
tically     over- 
come. 

Again,  in  the 
surface  of  the 
belt     trans- 
versely   two 
feet     apart, 
there    is    a 
space    of    one 
inch,   contain- 
ing    twenty 
,      rimes  1-33  of 
llll      an    inch    in 
^^      depth.    This 
tends     to 
equalize  the  pulp  and  prevents   it   from  banking  on  the  edges,  or  forming  channels.    This  riffle  saves 
fine  sulphurets  and  quicksilver  that  would  escape  with  the  tailings  from  a    belt   with  an  entirely 
smooth  surface. 

H.  G.  BLASDEL,  JR.,  Manager, 

419  California  Street,  Hay  wards  Building San  Francisco. 


Hendrie  &  BoItMf  Mfg.  Co., 

DENVER,     COLORADO. 


LATEST    IMPROVED 

Patent  Friction  Hoisting 
ENGINES, 

WITH 

Automatic   Alarm  Bell  and 
Indicator. 

IMPROVED    GOLD  STAMP    MILLS. 

General  Mining  Machinery  and 
Supplies. 


T^Russell  Process. 

For  information  concerning  this  process 
for  the  reduction  of  ores  containing 
precious  metals,  and  terms  of  license 
apply  to 

THE  RUSSELL  PROCESS  CO., 

Park  City,  Utah. 


Founded  by  Math<rw  Carey,  n8S. 

HENRY    CAREY     i:\IKli     8t    CO., 

Industrial    Publishers,     Booksellers     and 

Importers. 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Ph.,  C.  S.  A. 

•yOurNewand  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical 

and  Scientific  Books,  88  Pages,  8vo.,  and  our  other 

Catalogues  and  Circulars,  ihe  whole  covering  every 

branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  arts,  sent  freeand 

free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world 

who  will  furnish  his  address. 


The  Pclton  System  of  Power 

Represents  the  highest  development  yet  attained  in  water 
wheel  practice  and  affords  the  most  simple,  efficient  and 
economical  means  of  utilizing  water  for  power  purposes. 

Six  Thousand  Wheels  Now  Running, 

Aggregating  over  400,000  horse  power.  Adaptation  made 
to  all  conditions  and  every  variety  of  service. 

Electric  Power  Transmission. 

PELT0N  WHEELS  are  the  recognized  standard  for  electrical 
work  and  are  running  a  majority  of  the  stations  of  this 
character  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 


Catalogues  furnished  upon  application.     Address 


THE  PELTON  WATER  WHEEL  CO., 

121     nAIN    STREET,    SAN    FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

American  Girard  Water  Wheel. 

Adaptable  to  all  heads  between  30  feet  and 
2000  feet,  particularly  where  economy  in 
the  use  of  water  and  fine  regulation  are  de- 
sired, as,  for  instance,  the  operation  of  elec- 
tric dynamos. 

Girard  Water  Wheel  Co., 


34  MAIN  STREET, 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.,   U.  S.  A. 


CA$CftMWwHEEi 

Adapted  to  aU  heads,  from  30  FEET  TO  2000  FEET.  Our  expe- 
rience of  33  YEARS  ™  tne  water  wheel  business  enables  us  to  suit  every 
requirement  of  water  power  plants.  Send  for  illustrated  pamphlet.  This 
new  wheel  has  given  an  unequaled  Economy  in  Water. 

JAMES  LEFFEL&CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A. 


IMPROVED  FORM   OF  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS. 


The  above  cut  illustrates  the  IMPROVED  FORM  OF  DOUBLE- JOINTED  HYDRAULIC  GIANTS 
which  we  manufacture,  and  which  are  pronounced  far  superior  to  the  SINGLE-JOINTED  style.  The 
latter,  however,  we  furnish  when  requested.  Prices,  Discounts  and  Catalogues  of  our  specialties  of 
Hydraulic  Mining  Machinery  sent  upon  application. 

JOSHUA  HENDY  MACHINE  WORKS,  42  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco. 


350 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


June  1,   1895. 


Mining  Summary. 

The  following-  Is  mostly  condensed  from  Journals 
published  in  the  interior,  in  proximity  to  the  mines 
mentioned. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Amailor, 

General  Notes. — An  installment  of  the 
wages  due  the  miners  of  the  Mayflower  and 
original  Amador  mines  has  been  paid.  The 
men  have  not  resumed  work. 

The  Keystone  Company,  owing  to  the  dis- 
aster of  the  fire  and  the  expense  of  rebuilding 
the  mill,  have  run  behind  with  their  pay- 
ments, but  it  is  believed  t